hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timeline of largest passenger ships
This is a timeline of the world's largest passenger ships based upon internal volume, initially measured by gross register tonnage and later by gross tonnage. This timeline reflects the largest extant passenger ship in the world at any given time. If a given ship was superseded by another, scrapped, or lost at sea, it is then succeeded. Some records for tonnage outlived the ships that set them - notably the SS Great Eastern, and RMS Queen Elizabeth. The term "largest passenger ship" has evolved over time to also include ships by length as supertankers built by the 1970s were over 400 metres (1,300 ft) long. In the modern era "largest passenger ship" has gradually fallen out of use in favor of "largest cruise ship" as the industry has shifted to cruising rather than transatlantic ocean travel. While some of these modern cruise ships were later expanded, they did not regain their "largest" titles.

Gross tonnage
Gross tonnage (GT, G.T. or gt) is a nonlinear measure of a ship's overall internal volume.  Gross tonnage is different from gross register tonnage.  Neither gross tonnage nor gross register tonnage should be confused with measures of mass or weight such as deadweight tonnage or displacement.

Gross tonnage, along with net tonnage, was defined by the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1969, and came into force on 18 July 1982.  These two measurements replaced gross register tonnage (GRT) and net register tonnage (NRT).  Gross tonnage is calculated based on "the moulded volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship" and is used to determine things such as a ship's manning regulations, safety rules, registration fees, and port dues, whereas the older gross register tonnage is a measure of the volume of only certain enclosed spaces.
Łęczyca railway station
Łęczyca station is a railway station located in the Polish town of Łęczyca, Łódź Voivodeship. It serves mainly regional and commuter traffic between Łódź and Kutno, as well as intercity services between Gdynia and Katowice.

It opened in 1925 as a part of Łódź–Kutno railway. The main building resembles mansion architecture, used among other local railway stations built around early 1920's. The station serves the branch line leading to the military base near Leżnica Wielka.

Łódź–Kutno railway
The Łódź—Kutno railway is a railway line located in central Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship, connecting the city of Łódź with a railway station in Kutno via Zgierz, Ozorków and Łęczyca. The section between Łódź Widzew and Zgierz stations is a part of a railway ring around the city of Łódź.
Music of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
The music of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines includes thriving music scenes based on Big Drum, calypso, soca, steelpan and also reggae. String band music, quadrille, bélé music and traditional storytelling are also popular.

Storytelling
Storytelling is the social and cultural activity of sharing stories, sometimes with improvisation, theatrics or embellishment. Every culture has its own narratives, which are shared as a means of entertainment, education, cultural preservation or instilling moral values (sometimes through morals). Crucial elements of stories and storytelling include plot, characters and narrative point of view. The term "storytelling" can refer specifically to oral storytelling but also broadly to techniques used in other media to unfold or disclose the narrative of a story.
Frostastaðavatn
Frostastaðavatn ([ˈfrɔstaˌstaːðaˌvahtn̥] ⓘ, Icelandic for lake of the frosty place) is a lake in Iceland. It is situated in the Highlands of Iceland, not far from the famous mountains of Landmannalaugar and the volcano Hekla.

Evidence of volcanism shows around this lake; for example in the famous mixed lava flows from the 1477 combined eruptions of the Torfajökull and Bárðarbunga volcanic systems reaching down to the shore (lava flows of rhyolitic as well as basaltic composition).

Two highland roads run along its shore, Fjallabaksleið nyrðri (F 208) and Landmannaleið (F 225).

Highlands of Iceland
The Highland (Icelandic: Hálendið) or The Central Highland is an area that comprises much of the interior land of Iceland. The Highland is situated above 300–400 meters (980–1,310 ft) and is mostly uninhabitable. The soil is primarily volcanic ash, and the terrain consists of basalt mountains and lava fields. Snow covers the Highland from October until the beginning of June. A few oasis-like areas, such as Herðubreiðarlindir and Þórsmörk, are also found in the Highland. The area has many notable natural features and hiking trails.
Nakhon Phanom PAO Stadium
Nakhon Phanom Provincial Administrative Organization Stadium or Nakhon Phanom Province Stadium (Thai: สนาม อบจ.นครพนม หรือ สนามกีฬาจังหวัดนครพนม) is a multi-purpose stadium in Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Nakhon Phanom F.C. The stadium holds 2,406 people.

17°24′32″N 104°46′37″E﻿ / ﻿17.408844°N 104.776992°E﻿ / 17.408844; 104.776992

Nakhon Phanom F.C.
Nakhon Phanom Football Club (Thai สโมสรฟุตบอลจังหวัดนครพนม ), is a Thailand semi professional football club based in Nakhon Phanom Province. They currently play in Thailand Division 2 League North Eastern Region.
Lough Ramor
Lough Ramor (Irish: Loch Ramhar) is a large natural lake of 741 hectares situated near Virginia, County Cavan. From early records Vita Tripartita identified as being in the territory of Cenal Muinreamhair. The literal meaning of the term Muinreamhair is 'fat-neck' and appears to be derived from a prehistoric or mythical ancestor warrior, connoting great strength. Loch Muinreamhair also appears in early manuscripts of the Four Masters.

Lough Ramor is a proposed Natural Heritage Area (pNHA) and flows into the Blackwater, designated a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) under the Natura 2000 wildlife habitat conservation programme.

Annals of the Four Masters
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland (Middle Irish: Annála Ríoghachta Éireann) or the Annals of the Four Masters (Annála na gCeithre Máistrí) are chronicles of medieval Irish history. The entries span from the Deluge, dated as 2,242 years after creation to AD 1616.

The work was compiled between 1632 and 1636 under the direction of Mícheál Ó Cléirigh and his collaborators, collectively known as the Four Masters. According to modern scholarship, the compilation began at the Franciscan house of refuge at Bundrowes (Bun Drobhaoise) in Bundoran, County Donegal, which served as a base for the friars following the destruction of their original monastery at Donegal Town.
Naiba Konyak
K. Naiba Konyak (born 1964) is an Indian politician from Nagaland. He is a four-time MLA from Tobu Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Tribes, in Mon District. He won the 2023 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election, representing Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas).

Mon district
Mon district (/ˈmɒn/) is a district of Nagaland, a state in India. It is the third-largest district in Nagaland in terms of area. The district has a population of 250,260 people. Mon Town is the headquarters of the district.
Tacoma School
Tacoma School, also known as Tacoma School Community Center, is a historic school building in Coeburn, Wise County, Virginia. It was built in 1922 and rebuilt after a fire in 1937.  It is a one-story, nine-bay rectangular brick building with four classrooms. It has a projecting-centered gable bay and a hipped roof.  The school was based on plans adopted by the North Carolina state school system in 1911. It ceased use as a school in 1973 and has been adapted for use as a Community Center.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Wise County, Virginia
Wise County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. The county was formed in 1856 from Lee, Scott, and Russell Counties and named for Henry A. Wise, who was the Governor of Virginia at the time.  The county seat is in Wise.
Alan Bridges
Alan Bridges (28 September 1927 – 7 December 2013) was an English television and film director.

In 1967 Bridges directed a television adaptation of Charles Dickens' Great Expectations starring Gary Bond as Pip.

He won the Grand Prix at the 1973 Cannes Film Festival for his film The Hireling. His film Out of Season (1975) was entered into the 25th Berlin International Film Festival, and his period-costume film The Shooting Party (1985) was entered into the 14th Moscow International Film Festival. For television, Bridges directed several works by David Mercer and Dennis Potter.

Peter Bradshaw on theguardian.com film blog wrote: "Bridges was a brilliant poet and cinematic satirist – in tones both mordant and melancholy – of the English class system of the early 20th century, and a director with a flair for psychology and interior crisis, as evidenced by movies like The Return of the Soldier (1982) and The Shooting Party (1985)."

Gary Bond
Gary James Bond (7 February 1940 – 12 October 1995) was an English actor and singer. He is known for originating the role of Joseph in Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, his performances in several high-profile West End plays and musicals, and his portrayal of protagonist John Grant in the Australian film Wake in Fright (1971).
Junius Brutus (play)
Junius Brutus is a 1734 tragedy by the British writer William Duncombe. It was one of a number of plays based on the life of the Roman Republican Lucius Junius Brutus.

The original Drury Lane cast included John Mills as Junius Brutus, Edward Berry as Valeius Publicola, William Milward as Titus, William Mills as Caelius, Theophilus Cibber as Messala, Richard Winstone as Silvus and Mary Heron as Lucia and Hannah Pritchard as Hortensia.

Hannah Pritchard
Hannah Pritchard (née Vaughan, 1711 – 1768) was an English actress who regularly played opposite David Garrick. She performed many significant Shakespearean roles and created on stage many important female roles by contemporary playwrights.
Hassel Smith
Hassel Smith (24 April 1915 – 2 January 2007) was an American artist and teacher. He is considered to have been one of the USA's foremost West Coast artists, emerging in the decade after World War II as an innovative, potent, witty and often challenging exponent of Abstract Expressionism. He was a "generous and gregarious" teacher of great influence at the California School of Fine Arts in San Francisco and subsequently at the University of California and in later years at the Royal West of England Academy Art Schools in Bristol, England. His work was exhibited widely, particularly in California, and he is represented in prominent museums and found in private collections around the world. A strongly left-leaning iconoclast, well-known for a confrontational nature and as a drinker, he was at the same time loving, caring and shy. Art critics revered him as a "West Coast underground legend".

Royal West of England Academy
The Royal West of England Academy (RWA) is Bristol's oldest art gallery, located in Clifton, Bristol, near the junction of Queens Road and Whiteladies Road. Situated in a Grade II* listed building, it hosts five galleries and an exhibition programme of historic and contemporary British art.

Elected Royal West of England Academicians use the post-nominal RWA.
Walter Gray House
The Walter Gray House is a historic house in rural southeastern Stone County, Arkansas.  It is located on the Melrose Loop, about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) south of Arkansas Highway 14 between Locust Grove and Marcella.  It is a single-story dogtrot house with an addition to its rear.  It is a wood-frame structure with weatherboard siding, with a hip-roof porch extending across its front facade, supported by chamfered posts.  At its west end is a chimney built out of square pieces of sawn stone, laid to present a veneer-like facade.  An L-shaped porch wraps around the rear addition.  The house was built in 1910 by Walter Gray, a local farmer, and represents the continued use of this traditional form of architecture into the 20th century.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Dogtrot house
The dogtrot, also known as a breezeway house, dog-run, or possum-trot, is a style of house that was common throughout the Southeastern United States during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Some theories place its origins in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Some scholars believe the style developed in the post-Revolution frontiers of Kentucky and Tennessee. Others note its presence in the South Carolina Lowcountry from an early period. The main style point was a large breezeway (instead of a hallway) through the center of the house to cool occupants in the hot southern climate.

Architects continue to design variants of dogtrot houses using modern materials.
Aadi Srinivas
Aadi Srinivas (born 1966) in Rudrangi is an Indian politician from Telangana state. He is a member of the Telangana Legislative Assembly from Vemulawada Assembly constituency in Rajanna Sircilla district. He represents Indian National Congress and won the 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election.

Rajanna Sircilla district
Rajanna Sircilla district is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. Sircilla is the district headquarters. The district shares boundaries with Karimnagar, Siddipet, Jagtial, Kamareddy, and Nizamabad districts.

M. Haritha assumed charge Collector of Rajanna-Sircilla district succeeding Sandeep Kumar Jha on 29 September 2025.
Piacenza railway station
Piacenza railway station (Italian: Stazione di Piacenza) serves the city and comune of Piacenza, in the region of Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy.  Opened in 1859, it forms part of the Milan–Bologna railway, and is also a terminus of two other railways, the principal line to Alessandria and the secondary line to Cremona.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services are operated by Trenitalia. Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

InterCity
InterCity (commonly abbreviated IC on timetables and tickets) is the classification applied to certain long-distance passenger train services in Europe. Such trains (in contrast to InterRegio, regional, local, or commuter trains) generally call at major stations only.

An international variant of the InterCity trains are the EuroCity (EC) trains, which consist of high-standard coaches and are run by a variety of operators.
Uinta Basin
The Uinta Basin (also known as the Uintah Basin) is a physiographic section of the larger Colorado Plateaus province, which in turn is part of the larger Intermontane Plateaus physiographic division. It is also a geologic structural basin in eastern Utah, east of the Wasatch Mountains and south of the Uinta Mountains. The Uinta Basin is fed by creeks and rivers flowing south from the Uinta Mountains. Many of the principal rivers (Strawberry River, Currant Creek, Rock Creek, Lake Fork River, and Uintah River) flow into the Duchesne River which feeds the Green River—a tributary of the Colorado River. The Uinta Mountains form the northern border of the Uinta Basin. They contain the highest point in Utah, Kings Peak, with a summit 13,528 feet (4,123 metres) above sea level.  
The climate of the Uinta Basin is semi-arid, with occasionally severe winter cold.

Utah State University-Uintah Basin
Utah State University Uintah Basin is a part of the Utah State University (USU) Statewide Campuses system located in Roosevelt, Utah, with an additional campus in Vernal. The Uintah Basin campus was the first USU regional campus. USU Uintah Basin offers more than 60 degrees, ranging from associates through doctorates, as well as certificate programs.
Georges Clément Ratsimbazafiarison
Georges Clément Ratsimbazafiarison is a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party; he represents the constituency of Ihosy.

National Assembly (Madagascar)
The National Assembly (Malagasy: Antenimieram-Pirenena; French: Assemblée Nationale) is the lower house of the Parliament of Madagascar. The Assembly has 163 members, elected for five-year terms in single-member and two-member constituencies.

The Parliament of Madagascar has two chambers. The other chamber is the Senate (Antenimieran-Doholona/Sénat), which has 18 members, 12 of which are indirectly elected (one from each district of Madagascar), with 6 more being appointed.
Nundinae
The nundinae (/nənˈdɪnaɪ/, /-niː/), sometimes anglicized to nundines, were the market days of the ancient Roman calendar, forming a kind of weekend including, for a certain period, rest from work for the ruling class (patricians).

The nundinal cycle, market week, or eight-day week (Latin: nundinum or internundinum) was the cycle of days preceding and including each nundinae. These were marked on fasti using nundinal letters from A to H. The earliest form of the Roman calendar is sometimes said to have included exactly 38 such cycles, running for 304 days from March to December before an unorganized expanse of about 50 winter days. The lengths of the Republican and Julian calendars, however, were not evenly divisible by 8; under these systems, the nundinae fell on a different letter each year. The letters A to G, for the seven days of the week, formed the basis of the later Christian dominical letters.

Macrobius
Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, usually referred to as Macrobius (fl. c. AD 400), was a Roman provincial who lived during the early fifth century, during late antiquity, the period of time corresponding to the Later Roman Empire, and when Latin was as widespread as Greek among the elite. He is primarily known for his writings, which include the widely copied and read Commentarii in Somnium Scipionis ("Commentary on the Dream of Scipio") about Somnium Scipionis, which was one of the most important sources for Neoplatonism in the Latin West during the Middle Ages; the Saturnalia, a compendium of ancient Roman religious and antiquarian lore;  and De differentiis et societatibus graeci latinique verbi ("On the Differences and Similarities of the Greek and Latin Verb"), which is now lost.
Chad (paper)
Chad refers to fragments sometimes created when holes are made in a paper, card or similar synthetic materials, such as computer punched tape or punched cards. The word "chad" has been used both as a mass noun (as in "a pile of chad") and as a countable noun (pluralizing as in "many chads").

Count noun
In linguistics, a  count noun (also countable noun) is a noun that can be modified by a quantity and that occurs in both singular and plural forms, and that can co-occur with quantificational determiners like every, each, several, etc. A mass noun has none of these properties: It cannot be modified by a number, cannot occur in plural, and cannot co-occur with quantificational determiners.
Pieter Nicolaas van Kampen
Pieter Nicolaas van Kampen (30 June 1878, Amsterdam – 3 July 1937, Leiden) was a Dutch zoologist.

In 1904 he received his PhD from the University of Amsterdam, where he was a student and assistant to Max Carl Wilhelm Weber. From 1905 to 1911 he was based in the Dutch East Indies, during which time, he was assigned to the Aru Islands (1907) and participated in an expedition to Netherlands New Guinea (1910). In 1911 he returned to Amsterdam as a zoological assistant at the university. From 1917 to 1931 he served as a professor at the University of Leiden.

Aru Islands Regency
The Aru Islands Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru) is a group of about 95 low-lying islands in the Maluku Islands of eastern Indonesia. It also forms a regency of Maluku Province, with a land area of 6,426.77 km2 (2,481.39 sq mi). At the 2011 Census the Regency had a population of 84,138; the 2020 Census produced a total of 102,237, and the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 112,531 (comprising 57,767 males and 54,764 females). Some sources regard the archipelago as part of Asia, while others regard it as part of Melanesia.
Farah Maalim
Farah Maalim Mohamed (Somali: Faarax Maaliim Maxamed, Arabic: فارح معلم محمد) is a Kenyan, Veteran Politician who served as the Member of Parliament for Lagdera Constituency from 29 December 1992 to 29 December 1997 and then from 27 December 2007 to 4 March 2013. He's currently serving as the Member of Parliament for Dadaab Constituency since 9 August 2022 and a Member of the Speaker's Panel. He also served as the Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya from 15 January 2008 to 14 January 2013. He is an Advocate of the High Court of Kenya.

High Court (Kenya)
The High Court of Kenya  is a court of unlimited original jurisdiction in criminal and civil matters established under article 165 of the Constitution of Kenya, 2010 as part of the Kenyan Judiciary. It also has supervisory jurisdiction over all other subordinate courts and any other persons, body or authority exercising a judicial or quasi-judicial function. It was known as the Supreme Court of Kenya until 1964. Its name has remain unchanged since then (while a new Supreme Court of Kenya was established under Article 163 of the Kenyan Constitution as the highest court in Kenya).
Predrag Banović
Predrag Banović (born 28 October 1969 in Prijedor, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Yugoslavia) is a Bosnian Serb who was charged with war crimes by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) for his actions at the Keraterm camp during the Bosnian War. He pleaded guilty to all charges in a bargain and was sentenced to serve eight years in prison, with credit for 716 days as time served.

Banović was arrested along with his twin brother, Nenad Banović, on 8 November 2001 in Serbia. He faced thirteen counts of crimes against humanity and twelve counts of violations of the laws of war. His case was processed along with those of Željko Meakić, Momcilo Gruban, Dušan Fuštar and Dušan Knežević and was referred to as "Omarska and Keraterm Camps". On 28 July 2004, Banović was transferred to France to serve his sentence in a French prison. On 3 September 2008, he was granted early release.

Prijedor
Prijedor (Serbian Cyrillic: Приједор, pronounced [prijěːdor] ⓘ) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it had a population of 80,916 inhabitants within its administrative limits. Prijedor is situated in the geographical region of Bosanska Krajina, a northwestern part of the country.

Prijedor is known for its mixed religious heritage comprising Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Roman Catholicism and Islam. Historic buildings from the Ottoman and Austrian-Hungarian periods are a feature of the urban landscape. The city underwent extensive renovation between 2006 and 2009.
Time of Roses
Time of Roses (Finnish: Ruusujen aika) is a 1969 Finnish science fiction film directed by Risto Jarva, about a documentary filmmaker in 2012 trying to find the true essence of a glamor model, dead for forty years, for a TV film biography. The script was written by Peter von Bagh, Jarva, and Jaakko Pakkasvirta. The model was played by Ritva Vepsä and the documentarian by Arto Tuominen. The film premiered on 2 July 1969 in Finland, while the US premiere of the film was in New York City on October 19, 1970.

An American indie film distributor and classic film restoration company, Deaf Crocodile Films, acquired the North American distribution rights to the film in June 2022. Deaf Crocodile Films announced that they will release a new 4K restoration of the film.

4K resolution
4K resolution is a horizontal display resolution of approximately 4,000 pixels. For digital cinematography, it is 3996 × 2160 (DCI 4K), typically with a 16.65:9 (1.85:1) aspect ratio; for digital television, it is 3840 × 2160 (4K UHD), typically with a 16:9 (1.78:1) aspect ratio.

The 4K television market share increased as prices fell dramatically throughout 2013 and 2014.