hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Constitutional status of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles
The island groups of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles are all regions of Scotland. Their constitutional status has periodically been discussed, for example during the Scottish independence referendum campaign.
Currently, they are council areas with the same constitutional status as the other 29 local government areas. The three island councils are the only local authorities among the 32 in the country where independent councillors form a majority.

In July 2013, the Scottish Government made the Lerwick Declaration, establishing a ministerial working group to examine decentralising powers to the three island council areas.

Decentralization
Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those related to planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group and given to smaller factions within it.

Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, technology, economics and money.
Susukw
Susukw was a Kwakwaka'wakw village on the south side of Gilford Island, facing Gilford Bay in the Johnstone Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada.  The village site, which is to the east of Port Elizabeth, was a fishing, gardening and timber harvesting site for the Mamalilikulla subgroup of the Kwakwaka'wakw.

Kwakwakaʼwakw
The Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw ([ˈkʷakʷəkʲəʔwakʷ]), also known as the Kwakiutl (/ˈkwɑːkjʊtəl/; "Kwakʼwala-speaking peoples"), are an indigenous group of the Pacific Northwest Coast, in southwestern Canada. Their total population, according to a 2016 census, was 3,665 people. Most live in their traditional territories on northern Vancouver Island, as well as nearby smaller islands (such as the Discovery Islands) and inland on the adjacent British Columbia mainland. Some also live outside their traditional homelands, in urban areas such as Victoria and Vancouver. They are politically organized into 13 band governments.

The Kwakwaka'wakw language, now spoken by only 3.1% of the population, consists of four dialects of what is commonly referred to as Kwakʼwala, known as Kwak̓wala, 'Nak̓wala, G̱uc̓ala and T̓łat̓łasik̓wala.
Rutgers Scarlet Knights field hockey
The Rutgers Scarlet Knights field hockey team is the intercollegiate field hockey program representing Rutgers University – New Brunswick, the main campus of Rutgers University. The school competes in the Big Ten Conference in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), although it was previously a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference (A-10), the original Big East Conference, and the new Big East Conference. The Rutgers field hockey team plays its home games at the Bauer Track and Field/Field Hockey Complex on the university's Livingston Campus in Piscataway, New Jersey. Since the field hockey program was established in 1974, the Scarlet Knights have appeared in the NCAA tournament twice, placed runner-up in regular-season conference play three times, and finished second in a conference tournament twice. The team is currently coached by Meredith Civico.

NCAA Division I field hockey tournament
The NCAA Division I field hockey tournament is an American intercollegiate field hockey tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I national champion. The tournament has been held annually since 1981.

The championship is contested exclusively by women's teams and there is no equivalent NCAA men's field hockey championship.

The most successful team is the North Carolina Tar Heels, who have eleven titles. In addition, North Carolina has finished national runner-up an NCAA record eleven times.

The most recent championship, in 2025, was won by the Northwestern Wildcats.
Mohammed Kaliel
Mohammed Bello Kaliel (died 10 March 2015) was a Nigerian Army Colonel and the first Governor of Bauchi State, Nigeria after it was created on 3 February 1976 when North-Eastern State was divided into Bauchi, Borno, and Gongola states, during the military regime of General Olusegun Obasanjo. He held office until July 1978.

North-Eastern State
North-Eastern State is a former administrative division of Nigeria. It was created on 27 May 1967 from parts of the Northern Region. Its capital was the city of Maiduguri.

On 3 February 1976, two states were carved out of North-Eastern state, namely Bauchi state and Gongola state, and the remaining portion of the North-Eastern state was renamed to Borno state. The North-Eastern state was divided into Bauchi, Borno and Gongola states. Gombe State was later split out of Bauchi, Yobe State from Borno and Gongola was split into Taraba State and Adamawa State.
Josette Amiel
Josette Amiel (born 1930) has enjoyed a long career as a French ballerina, dance teacher and choreographer. After studying under Jeanne Schwarz, she made her debut at the Ballets des Champs-Élysées in 1948, then enjoyed four years with the Opéra-Comique. She joined the Paris Opera Ballet in 1952, becoming a danseuse étoile in 1958. Amiel is remembered not only for excelling in classical works but for creating modern roles, for example in Serge Lifar's Chemin de Lumières and Flemming Flindt's La Leçon. After leaving the Paris Opera in 1972, she continued to dance until 1980 when she retired from the stage to teach at the Paris Opera Ballet. From 1986, she directed Harald Lander's Études for presentations at several different ballet companies. Amiel was honoured as a commander of the Legion of Honour in 2012.

Études (ballet)
Études is a one-act ballet choreographed by Danish dancer and choreographer Harald Lander to piano studies by Carl Czerny arranged for orchestra by Knudåge Riisager. It is considered Lander's most famous choreographic work and brought him international fame. The work premiered on 15 January 1948 at the Royal Danish Theatre in Copenhagen with the Royal Danish Ballet, with scenery and costumes by Rolf Gerard and lighting by Nananne Porcher.

Études is considered an homage to classical ballet training. It begins with traditional ballet exercises at the barre and ends with spectacular bravura displays.

The original cast included:  Margot Lander, Hans Brenaa, Svend Erik Jensen, Inge Sand and Inge Goth. Its ABT premiere at the 54th Street Theatre in New York took place on 5 October 1961 and featured dancers Toni Lander, Royes Fernandez, Bruce Marks, Eleanor D'Antuono and Elisabeth Carroll.
Hummer (Foals song)
"Hummer" is the second single by Foals and is the first single with Yannis Philippakis on lead vocals (the previous lead vocalist was Andrew Mears). It was released on 12 March 2007. It was recorded and mixed by producer Gareth Parton at the Fortress and Metropolis recording studios, London. It was released as a digital download and on vinyl on 23 April 2007.

Although initially released as a non-album single, it was added as a bonus track to later editions of Foals' first album Antidotes.

The song was used in the second series of Skins.

Yannis Philippakis
Yannis Barnabas Emanuel Philippakis (Greek: Ιωάννης "Γιάννης" Φιλιππάκης) (born 23 April 1986) is a Greek-born English singer, songwriter and guitarist. He is a founding member and the lead vocalist of the British indie rock band Foals, with whom he has released seven studio albums since their founding in 2005.

Philippakis occasionally works on separate music projects individually, such as interviews and collaborations.
Devayat Bodar
Devayat Bodar (c. 900 AD - 1025 AD) was a chieftain of Gujarat. He was an important figure known for his bravery, sacrifice and love for land, with whose help Ra' Navghan, Chudasama ruler (son of Ra' Dias) got the throne of Sorath (currently nearby area of Vansthali-Junagadh) back from Patan ruler Durlabhraj Solanki and Later became king of Saurashtra region.

Devayat Bodar who was loyal to the Ra' kings brought Navghan as his own child. The Solanki king sent his army to find the Kunwar, intending to kill the only son of Ra' Diyas and end his dynasty. The sipahis searched and reached Devayat's village Alidar-bolidar. Where the couple saved Ra' Navaghan by sacrificing their own son Vasana (Uga).

Kathiawar
Kathiawar (Gujarati: [kɑʈʰijɑʋɑɽ]), also known as Saurashtra (Gujarati: [sɔɾɑʂʈrə]), is a peninsula in the south-western Gujarat state in India, bordering the Arabian Sea and covering about 61,000 km2 (23,500 sq mi). It is bounded by the Kutch district in the north, the Gulf of Kutch in the northwest, and by the Gulf of Khambhat in the east. In the northeast, it is connected to the rest of the state and borders on the low, fertile hinterland of Ahmedabad. It is crossed by two belts of hill country and is drained radially by nine rivers which have little natural flow aside from in monsoon months, thus dams have been built on some of these. Kathiawar ports have been flourishing centres of trade and commerce since at least the 16th century. It was formerly a state of India.
Saint-Georges-du-Bois, Sarthe
Saint-Georges-du-Bois (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɔʁʒ dy bwa] ⓘ) is a commune, located in the department of Sarthe in Pays de la Loire region in northwestern France.

Located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southwest of Le Mans and 190 kilometres (120 mi) southwest of Paris as the crow flies
or 55 minutes by train on TGV Atlantique. It is crossed by the county road 309 that connects Le Mans to Sablé-sur-Sarthe. A few kilometers away, the interchange Le Mans Sud on the highway A11 allows quick access to major cities in the west (Angers, Nantes, Tours or Rennes). The area only has one small stream, the Orne Champagne.

Marc Joulaud
Marc Joulaud (born 3 September 1967) is a French politician who served as Member of the European Parliament for the West France constituency from 2014 until 2019. He is a member of the French center right party Les Républicains (LR). He was given a suspended three-year sentence  due to the Fillon affair.
Pasir Ris–Changi Group Representation Constituency
The Pasir Ris–Changi Group Representation Constituency is a four-member group representation constituency (GRC) in the eastern region of Singapore. It has four divisions: Changi, Pasir Ris Central, Pasir Ris East, and Pasir Ris West, managed by Pasir Ris–Changi Town Council. The current Members of Parliament (MPs) for the constituency are Desmond Tan, Indranee Rajah, Sharael Taha and Valerie Lee from the governing People's Action Party (PAP).

East Region, Singapore
The East Region is one of the five regions in the city-state of Singapore. The region is the 2nd most densely populated among the five, and has the smallest land area. Bedok is the region's most populous town and Tampines is the regional centre of the area. Comprising 11,000 hectares, it includes six planning areas and is also home to Singapore's Changi Airport and Paya Lebar Air Base.

The region also houses the Changi Naval Base and Changi Prison, which was first constructed in 1936 by the British and is Singapore's oldest internment facility.
Fedoseyevka
Fedoseyevka (Russian: Федосеевка) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Fedoseyevka, Belgorod Oblast, a selo in Starooskolsky District of Belgorod Oblast

Fedoseyevka, Murmansk Oblast, a selo in Belomorsky Territorial Okrug of Kandalakshsky District of Murmansk Oblast

Fedoseyevka, Omsk Oblast, a village in Krasnousovsky Rural Okrug of Tyukalinsky District of Omsk Oblast

Fedoseyevka, Orenburg Oblast, a settlement in Novosimbirsky Selsoviet of Kuvandyksky District of Orenburg Oblast

Fedoseyevka, Oryol Oblast, a village in Novosinetsky Selsoviet of Bolkhovsky District of Oryol Oblast

Fedoseyevka, Neklinovsky District, Rostov Oblast, a settlement in Troitskoye Rural Settlement of Neklinovsky District of Rostov Oblast

Fedoseyevka, Zavetinsky District, Rostov Oblast, a selo in Fedoseyevskoye Rural Settlement of Zavetinsky District of Rostov Oblast

Bolkhovsky District
Bolkhovsky District (Russian: Бо́лховский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Oryol Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,182.2 square kilometers (456.4 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Bolkhov. Population: 18,041 (2010 Census);  20,417 (2002 Census); 23,921 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Bolkhov accounts for 63.3% of the district's total population.
Medial superior genicular artery
The medial superior genicular artery is a branch of the popliteal artery. It runs deep to the semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and tendon of the adductor magnus, and superior to the medial head of the gastrocnemius.

It divides into two branches, one of which supplies the vastus medialis, anastomosing with the highest genicular and medial inferior genicular arteries; the other ramifies close to the surface of the femur, supplying it and the knee-joint, and anastomosing with the lateral superior genicular artery.

The medial superior genicular artery is frequently of small size, a condition which is associated with an increase in the size of the highest genicular.

Semitendinosus muscle
The semitendinosus (/ˌsɛmiˌtɛndɪˈnoʊsəs/) is a long superficial muscle in the back of the thigh. It is so named because it has a very long tendon of insertion. It lies posteromedially in the thigh, superficial to the semimembranosus.
Grzybno, Gryfino County
Grzybno [ˈɡʐɨbnɔ] (German: Thänsdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chojna, within Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, close to the German border. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Chojna, 27 km (17 mi) south of Gryfino, and 45 km (28 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gryfino
Gryfino [ɡrɨˈfʲinɔ] (German: Greifenhagen) is a town in Pomerania, northwestern Poland, with 21,393 inhabitants (2017). It is the capital of Gryfino County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship.

The town is located on the Odra Wschodnia, the eastern branch of the Oder river, about 20 kilometres (12 miles) south of Szczecin in Poland. The western branch of the Oder, 2 km (1 mi) away from the town center, marks the border with Germany. There is a direct road link between Gryfino and the German town of Mescherin across the river.

The Crooked Forest is located in the village of Nowe Czarnowo, just outside Gryfino.
Mutshedzi Dam
Mutshedzi Dam is a gravity type dam located on the Mutshedzi River, a tributary of the Nzhelele River. It is located 40 km to the west of Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa. It was established in 1990 and serves mainly for irrigation purposes. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked significant (2).

Thohoyandou
Thohoyandou (Venda: Ṱhohoyanḓou) is a town in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. It is the administrative centre of Vhembe District Municipality and Thulamela Local Municipality. It is also known for being the former capital of the bantustan of Venda.
Ważyny
Ważyny [vaˈʐɨnɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kozłowo, within Nidzica County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south of Nidzica and 53 km (33 mi) south of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Nidzica County
Nidzica County (Polish: powiat nidzicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Nidzica, which lies 48 kilometres (30 mi) south of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The county covers an area of 960.7 square kilometres (370.9 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population is 33,955, out of which the population of Nidzica is 14,761 and the rural population is 19,194.
Mira-sol (Barcelona–Vallès Line)
Mira-Sol is a railway station of the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC) train system in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It is in the municipality Sant Cugat del Vallès, in the comarca of Vallès Occidental. It is serviced by FGC lines S1, and S7. The station is in fare zone 2C.

The station was opened in 1948 even though trains had already been passing through the station since 1918.

Province of Barcelona
Barcelona (Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə] ⓘ; Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a province in northeastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia. The province is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Lleida, and Girona, and by the Mediterranean Sea. The area of the province is 7,726.37 km2 (2,983.17 sq mi), and the population is 5,877,672, of which 28.7% is in the city of Barcelona itself, which itself is contained in the Barcelona metropolitan area. It is both the 2nd most populous and 2nd most densely populated province in the country.
Prideaux Selby
Prideaux Selby (baptised 21 December 1747 – 9 May 1813) was an English soldier and political figure in Upper Canada.

He was born in Alnwick, Northumberland, England a son of the Holy Island branch of the Selby family.

He joined the 5th Foot Regiment in Ireland in 1781, and arrived in Detroit with the regiment in 1790. In 1792, he was appointed assistant secretary of Indian Affairs by Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe and took up residence in Amherstburg. In 1802, he became a justice of the peace in the Western District. In 1807, he moved to York (Toronto). In 1808, he was appointed to the Executive Council of Upper Canada and appointed receiver general. In 1809, he was also appointed auditor general.

In the spring of 1813, he became seriously ill and died in May of the same year.

He had married in England in about 1772. His son, also Prideaux Selby was born in London and ultimately inherited family estates at Swansfield House, Alnwick and Pawston, Northumberland.

Executive Council of Upper Canada
The Executive Council of Upper Canada had a similar function to the Cabinet in England but was not responsible to the Legislative Assembly. Members of the Executive Council were not necessarily members of the Legislative Assembly but were usually members of the Legislative Council. Members were appointed, often for life. The first five members were appointed in July 1792. The council was dissolved on 10 February 1841 when Upper Canada and Lower Canada were united into the Province of Canada. It was replaced by the Executive Council of the Province of Canada the same year.

After the War of 1812, the Executive Council was dominated by members of the Family Compact, an elite clique based in York.
Rayne Pegg
Rayne Pegg was the Administrator of the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) of the Department of Agriculture, and was appointed on July 6, 2009, by Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack. In her position, she has the responsibility of overseeing AMS policies and programs. AMS administers programs that facilitate the efficient, fair marketing of U.S. agricultural products, including food, fiber, and specialty crops. She participated in the World Trade Organization and US-Korea FTA negotiations, and was previously appointed to USDA’s Agricultural Trade Advisory Committee on Fruits and Vegetables.

California Department of Food and Agriculture
The California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) is a cabinet-level agency in the government of California. Established in 1919 by the California State Legislature and signed into law by Governor William Stephens, the Department of Food and Agriculture is responsible for ensuring the state's food safety, the protection of the state's agriculture from invasive species, and promoting the California agricultural industry.

The Department of Food and Agriculture maintains district and field offices in 32 counties across the state, and two extraterritorial offices in Hawaii and Arizona.  This includes agricultural inspection stations at the state's borders. The California State Board of Food and Agriculture is an advisory board to the governor and secretary.

As of January 2019, the Secretary of Agriculture was Karen Ross, who is a member of Governor Gavin Newsom's cabinet, having originally been appointed to that post by Governor Jerry Brown in January, 2011.
Ren'ai Rider
Renai♥Rider (恋愛♥ライダー, Renai Raidā; "Love Rider") is the title of the second single by the Hello! Project unit Buono!. The title song is used for the second ending theme of Shugo Chara!.

The single was released on February 6, 2008, in  Japan under the Pony Canyon label in regular and limited edition versions. The limited edition release, includes a DVD and trading card.

The Single V version was released on February 13, 2008, titled Single V "Renai♥Rider" (シングルV「恋愛♥ライダー」).

Buono!
Buono! was a subgroup of the Japanese girl groups Berryz Kobo and Cute, formed in 2007 by Up-Front Promotion and associated with Hello! Project. The members consisted of Momoko Tsugunaga and Miyabi Natsuyaki from Berryz Kobo, and Airi Suzuki from Cute. Their vocals were backed by the band Dolce, which formerly went under name Busters! in 2008.

Buono! was initially formed as an idol project group to perform theme songs for the Shugo Chara! anime series, which ran from 2007 to 2010. After the show's end, they moved labels from Pony Canyon to Zetima and starred in the horror film Ring of Curse. The group disbanded in 2017.
Sowdi Sundara Bharathi
Sowdi Sundara Bharathi was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly first as a Swatantra Party and then as Forward Bloc candidate from Aruppukottai constituency in 1967 and  1971 elections.

All India Forward Bloc
The All India Forward Bloc (abbr. AIFB) is a left-wing nationalist political party in India. It emerged as a faction within the Indian National Congress in 1939, led by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, and was strongest in West Bengal. The party re-established as an independent political party after the independence of India. During the 1951–1952 and 1957 Indian general election, the party was known as Forward Bloc. The party's current Secretary-General is G. Devarajan. Veteran Indian politicians Sarat Chandra Bose (brother of Subhas Chandra Bose) and Chitta Basu had been the stalwarts of the party in independent India.

Leveraging Netaji's sway over the populace, the organization had established its electoral footprint after Independence in states like Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and Assam, with West Bengal as its primary bastion. However, after eight decades, the party, now confined to select regions, lacks any Members of Parliament or Legislative Assembly representatives.
John Penfold
John Wornham Penfold (3 December 1828 – 5 July 1909) was a surveyor and architect born in Haslemere, Surrey where he is also buried. The house in which he once lived, "Penfolds", is still to be found near the centre of the town.

Penfold did his articles with Thomas Talbot Bury and Charles Lee between 1845 and 1850.  Following his articles he worked for William Burn, before striking out to his own practice at Charlotte Row, Mansion House, London in 1854.

During his career Penfold was made President of the Architectural Association School of Architecture (1859–1860) and an associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects, becoming a fellow in 1881. He was a founding member of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and its Honorary Secretary from 1868 to 1904.

Penfold designed the hexagonal British post box in 1866, now known as a Penfold box.

Post box
A post box (British English; also written postbox; also known as pillar box), also known as a collection box, mailbox, letter box or drop box (American English), is a physical box into which members of the public can deposit outgoing mail intended for collection by the agents of a country's postal service. The term post box can also refer to a private letter box for incoming mail.