hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joe Barzda
Joseph John Barzda (May 22, 1915 – October 11, 1993) was an American racing driver from New Brunswick, New Jersey.

Barzda was primarily a midget racing and sprint car racing driver but made ten starts in the USAC National Championship from 1952 to 1959. His best race finish was a pair of fourth places in 1958 at Springfield and Trenton. He finished 18th in the 1958 National Championship. He unsuccessfully attempted to qualify for the Indianapolis 500 in 1951, 1952, and 1953. He retired after he was involved in a crash at Williams Grove Speedway in 1959 where Van Johnson died. Barzda survived with minor injuries.

In 1958 and 1959, Barzda was noted for fielding a Chevrolet-powered sprint car at a time when nearly all competitive sprint cars had Offenhauser engines.

Barzda and his brother Jim owned California Speed Shop in New Brunswick, New Jersey and continued to field racing cars after Joe's retirement from the cockpit.

Williams Grove Speedway
Williams Grove Speedway is a half-mile dirt racing track located in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, United States. The speedway opened on May 21, 1939, it has been owned by the Hughes family for over 50 years and has hosted many of the most notable national touring series and some of those most prestigious races in the country. The speedway is entering its 81st year of operation, with racing every Friday from March to October and other special events. One of these special events is the $75,000 to win National Open for sprint cars sanctioned by the World of Outlaws racing series held in late September or early October each year.
Oldendorf (Celle district)
Oldendorf (German pronunciation: [ˈɔldn̩dɔʁf], meaning: "old village") is a village and Ortschaft in the municipality of Südheide in the northern part of Celle district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It lies on the western edge of the Southern Heath Nature Park, on the Lüneburg Heath, about 2 km south of the main village of Hermannsburg and currently has about 640 inhabitants. In 1973 Oldendorf was incorporated into Hermannsburg as part of the Lower Saxony regional and administrative reforms.

Gravel pit
A gravel pit is an open-pit mine for the extraction of gravel.

Gravel pits often lie in river valleys where the water table is high, so they may naturally fill with water to form ponds or lakes. Gravel pit lakes are typically nutrient rich and can support thriving ecosystems, but can also present environmental issues such as the release of toxic metals into watersheds from the exposed rock. Old, abandoned gravel pits are normally used either as nature reserves, or as amenity areas for water sports, landfills and walking. In Germany former gravel or sand pits that have filled up with water are known as Baggersee ("power dug lake") and popular for recreational use.  In addition, many gravel pits in the United Kingdom have been stocked with freshwater fish such as the common carp to create coarse fishing locations. Gravel pit lakes have also been stocked with carp in Denmark, as well as rainbow trout.
Terrorism and Political Violence
Terrorism and Political Violence is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering terrorism and counter-terrorism published by Routledge. It was established in 1989 by David C. Rapoport (University of California, Los Angeles), who was its first editor-in-chief. In the editorial manifesto in its first issue, it is referred to as the Journal of Terrorism Research; however, from its first issue until the present, in editorial statements and elsewhere, it is only ever cited as Terrorism and Political Violence.

Several internationally renowned scholars in the field have served as editor-in-chief, including Paul Wilkinson, David Rapoport and John Horgan. Alex P. Schmid was co-editor of the journal until 2009, and remains on the editorial board. As of January 2025, the Editor-in-Chief is James J.F. Forest, and Co-Editors include Max Taylor, Michele Grossman AM, Beatrice A. de Graaf and Orla Lynch.

Max Taylor (psychologist)
Maxwell "Max" Taylor (born 19 April 1945) is a criminal and legal psychologist. His early work specialised in the study of terrorism but he also became involved in the study of sex offenders, and in the development of capacity building activities for disadvantaged children in conflict zones, returning later to the study of terrorism.
Miron Akimovich Ljubovsky
Miron Akimovich Ljubovsky (1876–1952) was a Russian Empire and Soviet medical doctor and one of the organizers of health care in Tver Oblast.

He earned a medical degree from Kharkov University in 1952.  Ljubovsky received his training as a surgeon. He was the main organizer of the establishment of the Tver School for Nurses. The school was opened in 1920 with Ljubovsky as its head.

He served as a military surgeon in World War I and World War II  He was  chief surgeon of military hospitals during World War II. Miron Ljubovsky earned the award Honoured Physician of the RSFSR.

He died on June 1, 1952, and is buried in Pervomayskoe graveyard in Tver near his wife Maria Antonovna Ljubovsky.

VN Karazin Kharkiv National University
The V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (Ukrainian: Харківський національний університет імені В.Н. Каразіна, romanized: Kharkivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni V.N. Karazina), also known as Kharkiv National University or Karazin University, is a public university in Kharkiv, Ukraine. It was founded in 1804 through the efforts of Vasily Karazin, becoming the second oldest university, and the oldest continuously operating one, in modern-day Ukraine.

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, all buildings were partially or fully destroyed by attacks from Russian forces.
Mariano Acosta, Buenos Aires
Mariano Acosta is a city located in Merlo Partido, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. 
Mariano Acosta was founded by the landholder and businessman Juan Posse in the earliest 20th century, and for years the town was known as Villa (village) Posse. Villa Posse changed its name to Mariano Acosta when the British-owned railway company Buenos Aires Western Railway Co. opens a railway station at its surroundings in 1910. The station was named after Mariano Acosta (1825-1893), Argentine lawyer and politician, former Vice-President of Argentina and governor of Buenos Aires.

Mariano Acosta is bordered by Moreno and the Reconquista River (west), Parque San Martín and other localidades of Merlo (north), Pontevedra (northeast) and Marcos Paz (south).

According to the 2001 census [INDEC], the population was 54,081.

National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina
The National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, mostly known for its acronym INDEC) is an Argentine decentralized public body that operates within the Ministry of Economy, which leads all official statistical activities carried out in the country.

In February 2013, the International Monetary Fund censured Argentina for failing to report accurate inflation data. Political intervention in the INDEC figures ended, and the IMF declared in November 2016 that Argentine statistics were again in accordance with international standards.
1988 Cannes Film Festival
The 41st Cannes Film Festival took place from 11 to 23 May 1988. Italian filmmaker Ettore Scola served as jury president for the main competition.

Danish filmmaker Bille August won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for his drama film Pelle the Conqueror.

The festival opened with The Big Blue by Luc Besson, and closed with Willow by Ron Howard.

Distant Voices, Still Lives
Distant Voices, Still Lives is a 1988 British period drama film written and directed by Terence Davies. It evokes working-class family life in Liverpool during the 1940s and early 1950s, paying particular attention to the role of popular music, Hollywood cinema, light entertainment and the public house within this tight-knit community.

The film won the Grand Prix of the Belgian Film Critics Association. In 1988 the film won the Golden Leopard of the Locarno Film Festival. In 2007 the British Film Institute re-printed and distributed the film across some of Britain's most high-profile independent cinemas, prompting The Guardian newspaper to describe Distant Voices, Still Lives as "Britain's forgotten cinematic masterpiece".

In a 2011 poll carried out by Time Out of the 100 greatest British films of all time, Distant Voices, Still Lives was ranked third. The film is now sometimes seen as one of the  best films ever made.
Trnava (Jagodina)
Trnava is a village in the municipality of Jagodina, Pomoravlje District, Serbia. According to the 2022 census, the village has a population of 2394 people. Through Trnava run two rivers, the river Belica and the river Crnovrška. Trnava also has a football club of the same name formed in 1954. In 2017 the esports organization "Eclipse Gaming" was formed in Trnava. The village has a primary school with 4 grades by the name of "Osnovna Škola Goran Ostojić" as well as a cultural center on the school grounds.

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.
Tipo-Tipo
Tipo-Tipo, officially the Municipality of Tipo-Tipo (Tausūg: Lupa' Tipo-Tipo; Chavacano: Municipalidad de Tipo-Tipo; Filipino: Bayan ng Tipo-Tipo), is a  municipality in the province of Basilan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 25,531 people.

In 2006, the municipalities of Al-Barka and Ungkaya Pukan were created from Tipo-Tipo, reducing its number of barangays from 39 to 11.

Tipo-Tipo was the site of the 2007 Basilan beheading incident where Abu Sayyaf bandits beheaded 14 Philippine Marines, as well as two subsequent battles in April 2014 and April 2016.

Tausug language
Tausūg (Bahasa Sūg, بَهَسَ سُوْغْ, Filipino: Bahása Sug, Malay: Bahasa Suluk, بهاس سولوق, lit. 'Language of Sulu/the Tausūg people') is an Austronesian language spoken in the province of Sulu in the Philippines and in the eastern area of the state of Sabah, Malaysia. It is widely spoken in the Sulu Archipelago (Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, and Basilan), the Zamboanga Peninsula (Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, and Zamboanga City), southern Palawan, Malaysia (eastern Sabah), and Indonesia (Tarakan City and Nunukan Regency, province of North Kalimantan).

Tausūg has some lexical similarities or near similarities with Surigaonon language of the provinces Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, and Agusan del Sur and with the Butuanon language of Agusan del Norte; it has also some vocabulary similarities with Sugbuanon, Bicolano, and with other Philippine languages. Many Malay and Arabic words are found in Tausug language.
1887 in Canadian football
The following is an overview of the events of 1887 in Canadian football, primarily focusing on the senior teams that played in this era. This includes news, standings, playoff games, and championships. This was the fifth season since the creation of the Ontario Rugby Football Union (ORFU) and the Quebec Rugby Football Union (QRFU).

Ontario Rugby Football Union
The Ontario Rugby Football Union (ORFU) was an early amateur Canadian football league comprising teams in the Canadian province of Ontario. The ORFU was founded on Saturday, January 6, 1883, and in 1903 it became the first major competition to adopt the Burnside rules, from which the modern Canadian football code would evolve. The ORFU converted from a senior level to an intermediate level league after 1960, and had ceased to exist by 1974. The ORFU operated a league competition for junior teams, from 1890 to 1970.
Eigendecomposition of a matrix
In linear algebra, eigendecomposition is the factorization of a matrix into a canonical form, whereby the matrix is represented in terms of its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Only diagonalizable matrices can be factorized in this way. When the matrix being factorized is a normal or real symmetric matrix, the decomposition is called "spectral decomposition", derived from the spectral theorem.

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.
Copa de la Reina de Hockey Patines
The Copa de S.M. la Reina de Hockey Patines is an annual cup competition for Spanish women's rink hockey teams organized by the Spanish Skating Federation. First held in 2006, it is currently contested in spring by the top four team's in the OK Liga's table. CP Voltregà is the cup's most successful club with 6 titles, Biesca Gijón have 3 titles, while CP Vilanova and Cerdanyola CH have won one title each.

Queen Sofía of Spain
Sofía (Sophia Margarita Victoria Frederica; Greek: Σοφία Μαργαρίτα Βικτωρία Φρειδερίκη, romanized: Sofía Margaríta Viktoría Freideríki; born 2 November 1938) is a member of the Spanish royal family who was Queen of Spain from 1975 to 2014 as the wife of King Juan Carlos I until his abdication. She is the eldest and last surviving child of King Paul and Queen Frederica of Greece. She is also the last surviving grandchild of King Constantine I and Queen Sophia of Greece.

Sofía married then Infante Juan Carlos of Spain in 1962 and became queen of Spain upon her husband's accession in 1975. On 19 June 2014, Juan Carlos abdicated in favour of their son Felipe VI. Since her spouse's abdication, Doña Sofía has usually been referred to as reina emérita ('queen emerita') by the press.
Jamie Nicholls (snowboarder)
Jamie Nicholls (born 21 July 1993) is a British snowboarder who competes in slopestyle.

Nicholls was born in Bradford. He qualified for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. On 6 February 2014 in the men's slopestyle qualification event, he placed fourth in his heat and progressed directly to the final. Two days later, he finished sixth in the final.

Nicholls became the first British male snowboarder to win a World Cup event when he finished top of the standings in the final slopestyle event of the 2015-16 season, the Audi Snowjam in Spindleruv Mlyn in the Czech Republic, helping him to fifth in the slopestyle World Cup ranking for the season. During the 2016-17 season, he finished on the podium at two events and was runner-up in overall ranking.

He has won three medals at FIS World Cup.

Slopestyle
Slopestyle is a winter sport in which athletes ski or snowboard down a course including a variety of obstacles including rails, jumps and other terrain park features. Points are scored for amplitude, originality and quality of tricks. The discipline has its roots in action sports like skateboarding and BMX and has very successfully crossed over into the snow sports worlds of skiing and snowboarding. Skiers use twin-tip skis for their symmetry since they often go large portions of the course backward (referred to as "switch") and for their balanced weight so as to not destabilize spins. Slopestyle tricks fall mainly into four categories: spins, grinds, grabs and flips, and most tricks done in competition are a combination of these.

Slopestyle is one of the freestyle disciplines, along with moguls, aerials, cross, big air and half-pipe.
1969 Glasgow Corporation election
An Election to Glasgow City Council was held on 6 May 1969, alongside municipal elections across Scotland. Of the councils 111 seats, 37 were up for election. The election saw Labour losing its majority, with the council being gained by a Progressive-Conservative alliance, who emerged from the election with a total of 57 of the council's 111 seats.

Following the election, Glasgow Corporation was composed of 37 Labour councillors, 12 Conservatives, 45 Progressives, 15 SNP, and 2 vacant ex officio members.

Turnout was 215,452, out of a total electorate of 609,753 (39.33% turnout).

Ex officio member
An ex officio member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, or council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term ex officio is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic.

According to Robert's Rules of Order, the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ex officio member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to the position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ex officio members may frequently abstain from voting.

Opposite notions are dual mandate, when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union, when two states share the same monarch.
Michael Jacobs (activist)
Michael Jacobs is a pro-Israel activist living in the Netherlands. He gained attention in the Dutch Jewish community for demonstrating against anti-Israel movements.

In September 2016, he was controversially arrested for disturbing public order, after which he spent six days in jail after refusing to stop picketing in Dam Square in Amsterdam. Prosecutors later dropped charges against him after complaints from Amsterdam's Jewish community.

According to the Jewish Daily Forward, he has been responsible for “ending [the] monopoly” enjoyed by anti-Israel activists on the "street-level Israel debate”.

Dam Square
Dam Square or the Dam (Dutch pronunciation: [dɑm]) is a town square in Amsterdam, the capital and most populated city of the Netherlands. Its notable buildings and frequent events make it one of the best-known and most important locations in the city and the country.
Sotterley Park
Sotterley Park is a 123.2-hectare (304-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Sotterley in Suffolk. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I.

This park was laid out in the eighteenth century, but it goes back at least to the early medieval period, and may retain areas of primary forest. It has many large and ancient trees, which have the richest epiphytic lichen flora in East Anglia, with 92 recorded species. There are also 14 species of bryophytes.

The park is private land, but there is access to footpaths.

A Nature Conservation Review
A Nature Conservation Review is a two-volume work by Derek Ratcliffe, published by Cambridge University Press in 1977. It set out to identify the most important places for nature conservation in Great Britain. It is often known by the initials NCR, and sites listed in it are termed "NCR sites".

The approach adopted by Ratcliffe was adapted and applied to the selection of sites important for geological conservation in the Geological Conservation Review. A Marine Nature Conservation Review has also been published.

Volume 1 set out the rationale and methods used, and gave descriptions of the major habitat types.

Volume 2 consisted entirely of a site inventory. Sites were grouped into six major habitat types:

Coastal sites - 135 sites

Woodlands - 234 sites

Lowland grasslands, heaths and scrub - 159 sites

Open waters - 99 sites

Peatlands - 116 sites

Upland grasslands and heaths - 101 sites
Trochleitis
Trochleitis is inflammation of the superior oblique tendon trochlea apparatus characterized by localized swelling, tenderness, and severe pain. This condition is an uncommon but treatable cause of periorbital pain. The trochlea is a ring-like apparatus of cartilage through which passes the tendon of the superior oblique muscle.  It is located in the superior nasal orbit and functions as a pulley for the superior oblique muscle. Inflammation of the trochlear region leads to a painful syndrome with swelling and exquisite point tenderness in the upper medial rim of the orbit. A vicious cycle may ensue such that inflammation causes swelling and fraying of the tendon which then increases the friction of passing through the trochlea which in turn adds to the inflammation. Trochleitis has also been associated with triggering or worsening of migraine attacks in patients with pre-existing migraines (Yanguela, 2002).

Pulley
A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft enabling a taut cable or belt passing over the wheel to move and change direction, or transfer power between itself and a shaft.

A pulley may have a groove or grooves between flanges around its circumference to locate the cable or belt. The drive element of a pulley system can be a rope, cable, belt, or chain.
Chen Hesheng
Chen Hesheng is a Chinese researcher, nuclear physicist, particle physicist, and fellow of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was the Director of the Institute of High Energy Physics and the Vice President of the Chinese Physical Society.

Institute of High Energy Physics
The Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IHEP) (Chinese: 中国科学院高能物理研究所) is the largest and most comprehensive fundamental research center of high-energy physics in China. It is located in Shijingshan District, Beijing and administered by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The major research fields of IHEP are particle physics, astrophysics and astroparticle physics, accelerator physics and technologies, radiation technologies, and their applications.

The institute co-publishes the journal, Radiation Detection Technology and Methods.
Covington, Virginia
Covington is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,737, making it the second-least populous city in Virginia. It is surrounded by Alleghany County, of which it is also the county seat. Located at the confluence of Jackson River and Dunlap Creek, Covington is one of three cities (with Roanoke and Salem) in the Roanoke Regional Partnership. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Covington with Alleghany county for statistical purposes.

Commonwealth (U.S. state)
Commonwealth is a term used by four of the 50 states of the United States in their full official names: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. "Commonwealth" is a traditional English term used to describe a political community as having been founded for the common good, and shares some similarities with the Latin phrase "res publica" ('the public thing'), which ultimately is the origin of the word "republic".

The "commonwealth" appellation is merely stylistic and carries no legal or political significance. The four states that use this term are all in the Eastern United States, and prior to the formation of the United States in 1776 were British colonial possessions (at the time, Kentucky was a part of colonial Virginia). As such, they share a strong influence of English common law in some of their laws and institutions.