hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Naomi, South Dakota
Naomi is an unincorporated community in Turner County, South Dakota, United States. The community was platted by the Great Northern Railway, but the rail line was abandoned by the Burlington Northern Railroad in the early 1980s. Naomi was named after a slave owned by the late Thomas Jefferson. Naomi later escaped to the hamlet of Arrowhead Point. The townsfolk renamed the town after Naomi died in 1893.

Burlington Northern Railroad
The Burlington Northern Railroad (reporting mark BN) was an American–based class 1 railroad company formed from a merger of four major U.S. railroads. Burlington Northern operated between March 2, 1970 and December 31, 1996.

Its historical lineage begins in the earliest days of railroading with the chartering in 1848 of the Chicago and Aurora Railroad, a direct ancestor line of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, which lends Burlington, from Burlington, Iowa, to the names of various merger-produced successors.

Burlington Northern acquired the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway on December 31, 1996, to form the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway (later renamed BNSF Railway), which was owned by the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation. That corporation was purchased in 2009 by Berkshire Hathaway, which is controlled by investor Warren Buffett.
Two Cities (musical)
Two Cities is a 2006 stage musical by Howard Goodall based on the 1859 novel A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens. The music and lyrics were written by Goodall, and the book was co-written by Goodall and Joanna Read.

Unlike the novel, which is set in the French Revolution, the musical is set in the 1917 Russian Revolution, and the "two cities" of the title are not London and Paris but rather London and Saint Petersburg. However, the underlying story is the same: a love triangle between the young Lucy Mannersly and the two men who fall in love with her, torn between their loyalties to her and to their native countries as they become caught up in the politics of the war-torn times they live in.

Rosalie Craig
Rosalie Mae Craig (born 30 May 1980) is an English actress, noted for her performances in musical theatre. In 2013, she received her first major award, a London Evening Standard Award for Best Performance in a Musical. In 2025 she took the lead in the BBC drama Riot Women.
Etlingera amomoides
Etlingera amomoides is a monocotyledonous plant species described by Axel Dalberg Poulsen and John Donald Mood. Etlingera amomoides is part of the genus Etlingera and the family Zingiberaceae. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.

Zingiberaceae
Zingiberaceae, the ginger family, is a family of flowering plants containing 58 genera and about 1600 described species distributed globally in the tropics and subtropics. They are aromatic perennial herbs with creeping rhizomes, sometimes tuberous. Basal leaf sheathing forms a pseudostem taller than their true stems which emerge unbranched. Flowers are typically zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical) and inflorescence is raceme. Fruit is typically a dry capsule and seeds are arillate.

Ancient fossils and phylogenetics indicate the Zingiberaceae evolved in Africa during the mid-Cretaceous period. The dispersal of these plants across Asia, the Americas, and Australia followed the expansion of tropical rain forest habitat soon after this period.
Beautiful Disease
Beautiful Disease is an unreleased solo album by Guns N' Roses bassist Duff McKagan which was slated to be released as his second solo album in 1999. However, it was shelved after a merger between McKagan's parent label Polygram and Universal, and McKagan lost the rights to release it.

Abe Laboriel Jr.
Abraham Laboriel Jr. (born March 23, 1971) is an American session musician best known as the drummer and backing vocalist of Paul McCartney's touring band since 2001. He is the son of Mexican bass guitarist Abraham Laboriel, nephew of Mexican rock musician Johnny Laboriel, and brother of record producer, songwriter and film composer Mateo Laboriel.
Swales (surname)
Swales is an English surname. It either derives from the River Swale or Swallow Hill. Notable people with the surname include:

Alonzo Swales (1870–1952), British trade unionist

Ian Swales (born 1953), English Liberal Democrat politician

John Swales (1938–2025), English linguist

John Douglas Swales (1935–2000), English physician

Kim Swales (fl. from 1989), British economist

Penelope Swales (fl. from 1993), Australian musician

Peter Swales (1932–1996), chairman of Manchester City F.C.

Peter Swales (1948–2022), Welsh historian

Steve Swales (born 1973), English footballer

Stuart Swales (fl. 1937–1938), English footballer

Ted Swales (1915–1945), South African World War II pilot

Tim Swales (born 1948), English motorcycle racer

John Swales
John Malcolm Swales (1938 – 19 March 2025) was an English linguist. He joined the University of Michigan as a faculty member in 1985. He retired in 2006 as professor emeritus of linguistics and co-director of the Michigan Corpus of Academic Spoken English project.

Swales was best known for his work on genre analysis, particularly with regard to its application to the fields of rhetoric, discourse analysis, English for Academic Purposes and, more recently, information science. His writing has studied second language acquisition.
Cathy Bennett (Irish politician)
Cathy Bennett (born 1973/1974) is an Irish Sinn Féin politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cavan–Monaghan constituency since the 2024 general election.

Bennett has a degree in bio-pharmaceutical science. She previously worked in a laboratory in Castleblaney and is now a theatre manager in Monaghan town.

She was a member of Monaghan County Council from 2014 to 2024 for the Monaghan area.

Cavan–Monaghan (Dáil constituency)
Cavan–Monaghan is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects five deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Division of Lawson
The Division of Lawson was an Australian Electoral Division in the state of New South Wales. It was located in the north-west of the state, and included the towns of Coonabarabran, Dubbo and Mudgee.

The Division was named for Federation era Australian author Henry Lawson. It was proclaimed at the redistribution of 11 May 1949, and was first contested at the 1949 federal election. It was abolished at the redistribution of 21 November 1968.

Henry Lawson
Henry Archibald Hertzberg Lawson (17 June 1867 – 2 September 1922) was an Australian writer and bush poet. Along with his contemporary Banjo Paterson, Lawson is among the best-known Australian poets and fiction writers of the colonial period and is often called Australia's "greatest short story writer".

A vocal nationalist and republican, Lawson regularly contributed to The Bulletin, and many of his works helped popularise the Australian vernacular in fiction. He wrote prolifically into the 1890s, after which his output declined, in part due to struggles with alcoholism and mental illness. At times destitute, he spent periods in Darlinghurst Gaol and psychiatric institutions. After he died in 1922 following a cerebral haemorrhage, Lawson became the first Australian writer to be granted a state funeral.

He was the son of the poet, publisher and feminist Louisa Lawson.
Thoresen
Thoresen  is a  Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Børt-Erik Thoresen,  Norwegian television host and folk singer

Carl E. Thoresen (1933–2020), American psychologist

Gunnar Thoresen (footballer) (1920–2017), Norwegian footballer

Gunnar Thoresen (bobsledder)  (1921–1972), Norwegian bobsledder

Hallvar Thoresen, Norwegian footballer

Jan Thoresen, Norwegian curler

Magdalene Thoresen, Scandinavian writer

Patrick Thoresen, Norwegian professional ice hockey left winger

Petter Thoresen (orienteering), Norwegian orienteering competitor

Petter Thoresen (ice hockey),  Norwegian ice hockey manager and former player

Simeon Thoresen, Norwegian cage fighter

Synnøve Thoresen, Norwegian biathlete

Tom Thoresen, Norwegian politician for the Labour Party

Petter Thoresen (orienteer)
Petter Thoresen (born 10 March 1966) is a Norwegian orienteering competitor, winner of the 1989 Individual World Orienteering Championships, the Short distance in 1993, and the Classic distance in 1997. He also has a bronze medal on the Classic distance from 1993.

Thoresen is two times Relay World Champion, from 1989 and 1999, as well as having a silver medal from 1991 and a bronze medal from 1997.

He represented Bækkelagets SK and Halden SK. He won the Jukola relay 5 times between 1988 and 2003, first with Bækkelaget in 1988, and then with Halden SK in 1993, 1997, 1998 and 2003.
Rhodotorula
Rhodotorula is a genus of fungi in the class Microbotryomycetes. Most species are known in their yeast states which produce orange to red colonies when grown on Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA). The colour is the result of carotenoid pigments that the yeast creates to block out certain wavelengths of light (620–750 nm) that would otherwise be damaging to the cell. Hyphal states, formerly placed in the genus Rhodosporidium, give rise to teliospores from which laterally septate basidia emerge, producing sessile basidiospores. Species occur worldwide and can be isolated from air, water, soil, and other substrates.

Sensu
Sensu is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular concept, but it also appears in expressions that indicate the convention or context of the usage.
Atyoida bisulcata
Atyoida bisulcata, also called ʻŌpae kalaʻole or ʻŌpae kuahiwi in Hawaiian, is a species of freshwater shrimp endemic to Hawaiʻi in the family Atyidae. It was described in 1840 by John Witt Randall and is the type species for the genus Atyoida.

John Witt Randall
John Witt Randall (November 6, 1813 – January 25, 1892) was a minor poet and  consulting zoologist to the United States Exploring Expedition but is best known for the collection of drawings and engravings that he bequeathed to Harvard University.
Philippine Competition Commission
The Philippine Competition Commission (PhCC) is an independent, quasi-judicial body formed to implement the Philippine Competition Act (Republic Act No. 10667). The PhCC aims to promote and maintain market competition within the Philippines by regulating anti-competition behavior. The main role of the PhCC is to promote economic efficiency within the Philippine economy, ensuring fair and healthy market competition.

The Philippine Competition Commission creates a regulatory framework for market competition in order to safeguard consumers, with the goal of providing them with more alternatives for what goods or services to purchase. It would also have the effect of creating competitive businesses that would encourage economic efficiency and innovation.

The Philippine Competition Commission was formed on January 27, 2016. Since that time, the Philippine Competition Commission has formed offices through their mandate.

Economic efficiency
In microeconomics, economic efficiency, depending on the context, is usually one of the following two related concepts:

Allocative or Pareto efficiency: any changes made to assist one person would harm another.

Productive efficiency: no additional output of one good can be obtained without decreasing the output of another good, and production proceeds at the lowest possible average total cost.

These definitions are not equivalent: a market or other economic system may be allocatively but not productively efficient, or productively but not allocatively efficient. There are also other definitions and measures. All characterizations of economic efficiency are encompassed by the more general engineering concept that a system is efficient or optimal when it maximizes desired outputs (such as utility) given available inputs.
Ali Jannati
Ali Jannati (Persian: علی جنتی, born 1949) is an Iranian politician and former diplomat who served as counselor to the head of Iranian presidential administration, in the second cabinet of Hassan Rouhani. He was minister of culture from 15 August 2013 until his resignation on 19 October 2016.

Presidential Administration of Iran
The Presidential Administration of Iran (Persian: نهاد ریاست‌جمهوری ایران), including the Office of the President of Iran, consists of the immediate staff of the President of Iran and multiple levels of support staff reporting to the President. It is located in Pasteur Street, Tehran.
Thick-billed saltator
The thick-billed saltator (Saltator maxillosus) is a species of saltator in the family Thraupidae. It is found in highland Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, far northeastern Argentina (only Misiones Province), and perhaps far eastern Paraguay. Unlike most other saltators, it is sexually dichromatic: Females resemble a green-winged saltator, but with a thicker bill, greener face and buff throat. The male thick-billed saltator is unique with its long white eyebrow, grey back, and black and orange beak (amount of orange varies).

Misiones Province
Misiones (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈsjones], Missions) is one of the 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the northeastern corner of the country in the Mesopotamia region. It is surrounded by Paraguay to the northwest, Brazil to the north, east and south, and Corrientes Province of Argentina to the southwest.

This was an early area of Roman Catholic missionary activity by the Jesuits in what was then called the province of Paraguay, beginning in the early 17th century. In 1984, the ruins of four mission sites in Argentina were designated World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.
Seekkuge Prasanna
Seekkuge Prasanna (Sinhala: සීක්කුගේ ප්‍රසන්න; born 27 June 1985) is a former Sri Lankan cricketer, who played limited overs cricket. He is a warrant officer in the Sri Lankan Army. Prasanna is known for aggressive batting at the late overs in ODIs, and a useful leg-spinner, probably the best found after former Sri Lanka leg-spinner Upul Chandana. Prasanna was a member of the Sri Lankan team that won the 2014 ICC World Twenty20.

Lanka Premier League
The Lanka Premier League (abbreviated as LPL; Sinhala: ලංකා ප්‍රිමියර් ලීග්, Tamil: லங்கா பிரீமியர் லீக்) is a professional franchise cricket league established in 2020 in Sri Lanka. Matches are played using the Twenty20 cricket format by five teams named after Sri Lankan cities. The league was intended to commence in 2018, but repeatedly postponed by Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC). The inaugural edition took place in 2020 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

As of 2024, there have been five seasons of the tournament. The current title holder team is Jaffna Kings, who won their fourth title in the 2024 Lanka Premier League by defeating Galle Marvels in the final.
Szczytniki, Gmina Wiślica
Szczytniki [ʂt͡ʂɨtˈniki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wiślica, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Wiślica, 17 km (11 mi) south of Busko-Zdrój, and 63 km (39 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Wiślica
Wiślica ([viˈɕlit͡sa]) (Yiddish: Vayslits) is a town in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wiślica. It lies on the Nida River, approximately 14 km (9 mi) south of Busko-Zdrój and 60 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce. In 2016 the town had a population of 503. It was the smallest town in Poland in 2018.
Culture of the Basque Country
The Basque Country is a cross-border cultural region that has a distinctive culture including its own language, customs, festivals, and music.

The Basques living in the territory are primarily represented by the symbol of the flag Ikurriña, as well as the Lauburu cross and the Zazpiak Bat coat of arms. The Gernikako Arbola and the Agur Jaunak are its most recognizable anthems in music, and the oak its most revered tree (cf. the aforementioned Tree of Gernika).

Despite their present conspicuous secularization, the Basques have been Catholics for centuries. However, they owe much of their religious festivals to ancestral beliefs and pagan sites, sometimes extending as late as the 15th century. Saint Miguel, Saint Mary, Saint John and Saint Peter are its most worshiped and ancient cults, while during the Modern period new saints came into being, notably Saint Ignatius of Loyola and Saint Francis Xavier.

Gernikako Arbola
Gernikako Arbola ('the Tree of Gernika' in Basque) is an oak tree that symbolizes traditional freedoms for the Biscayan people, and by extension for the Basque people as a whole.
It is located in Gernika, Biscay, Basque Country, Spain.
The Lords of Biscay (including kings of Castile and Carlist pretenders to the throne) swore to respect the Biscayan liberties under it, and the modern Lehendakari of the Basque Country swears his charge there.
A Heart in Pawn
A Heart in Pawn is a 1919 American silent drama film directed by William Worthington. Sessue Hayakawa's Haworth Pictures Corporation produced the film and Worthington played the lead role along with Vola Vale and his wife Tsuru Aoki.

The film included sequences filmed at the Japanese Tea Garden in Golden Gate Park.

Japanese Tea Garden (San Francisco)
The Japanese Tea Garden (Japanese: 日本茶園) in San Francisco, California, is a popular feature of Golden Gate Park, originally built as part of a sprawling World's Fair, the California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894. Though many of its attractions are still a part of the garden today, there have been changes throughout the history of the garden that have shaped it into what it is today.

The oldest public Japanese garden in the United States, this complex of many paths, ponds and a teahouse features plants and trees pruned and arranged in a Japanese style. The garden's 3 acres contain sculptures and structures influenced by Buddhist and Shinto religious beliefs, as well as many elements of water and rocks to create a calming landscape designed to slow people down.

The Japanese Tea Garden is now one of the three locations of the Gardens of Golden Gate Park, along with the San Francisco Botanical Garden and the Conservatory of Flowers.
Karoh Peak
Karoh Peak is a 1,467-metre (4,813 ft) tall mountain peak in the Sivalik Hills range of greater Himalayas range located near Morni Hills area of Panchkula district, Haryana, India. It is the highest point in the state of Haryana.

The British rulers had incorrectly recorded the height to be 1499 metres in The Imperial Gazetteer of India, but later measurements by the Survey of India found the actual height to be about 100 feet (30 metres) lower; therefore, the official height was revised down.

Survey of India
The Survey of India is India's central engineering agency in charge of mapping and surveying. Set up in 1767 to help consolidate the territories of the British East India Company, it is one of the oldest Engineering Departments of the Government of India. Its members are from Survey of India Service cadre of Civil Services of India. It is headed by the Surveyor General of India. At present, the Surveyor General is Hitesh Kumar S. Makwana.
Markus Solbach
Markus Solbach (born 26 August 1991) is a German former professional baseball pitcher. The right-hander is also active for the German national baseball team. He played for Team Germany in the 2019 European Baseball Championship, in which they came in sixth. He is currently a coach for the Bonn Capitals of the Baseball-Bundesliga.

2019 European Baseball Championship
The 2019 European Baseball Championship was an international baseball tournament organized by the Confederation of European Baseball. The championship was held September 7–15, 2019 in Bonn and Solingen, Germany. The Netherlands defended its European title, winning its 23rd continental championship. The Dutch defeated Italy in the championship game, while Spain defeated Israel in the third-place game. Ademar Rifaela of the Netherlands was the tournament most valuable player.

The tournament was part of qualifications for the 2020 Summer Olympics, with the top five teams and Team South Africa competing at the European-African qualifier for the 2020 Summer Olympics, which was played in September 2019 in Bologna and Parma, Italy.
George Knew Jr
George Alan Knew (born 5 March 1954) is a former English cricketer.  Knew was a right-handed batsman.  He was born at Leicester, Leicestershire.

Knew made his first-class cricket debut for Leicestershire against Oxford University in 1972.  He made three further first-class appearances the following season in the County Championship against Nottinghamshire, Essex and Derbyshire. In his four first-class matches, he scored 59 runs at an average of 11.80, with a high score of 25. He made a single List A appearance against Surrey in the John Player League, ending the match unbeaten on 42, though Leicestershire still lost by 23 runs.

His father, George Knew senior, also played first-class cricket for Leicestershire.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Arrondissement of Montbard
The arrondissement of Montbard is an arrondissement of France in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. It has 252 communes. Its population is 57,974 (2021), and its area is 3,595.9 km2 (1,388.4 sq mi).

Arrondissements of France
An arrondissement (English: /əˈrɒndɪsmənt/, French: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ) is the third level of administrative division in France generally corresponding to the territory overseen by a subprefect. As of 2023, the 101 French departments are divided into 333 arrondissements (including 13 overseas).

The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. When an arrondissement contains the prefecture (capital) of the department, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The term arrondissement can be roughly translated into English as district.

Some municipalities in Quebec are divided into arrondissements, reflecting the province’s historical link to New France.