hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John A. Garwood
John Allen Garwood (July 8, 1932 – November 30, 2010) was a Republican member of the North Carolina General Assembly, who represented the state's thirtieth Senate district, including constituents in Stokes, Surry and Wilkes counties, for five terms (1997–2006). A retiree from North Wilkesboro, North Carolina, Garwood also served as a county commissioner and as a member of the state House of Representatives before being elected to the Senate.

Garwood was defeated by David Blust in the May 4, 2006, Republican primary. He died November 30, 2010, at the age of 78.

North Wilkesboro, North Carolina
North Wilkesboro is a town in Wilkes County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 4,131 at the 2020 US Census. North Wilkesboro is the birthplace and original home of Lowe's Home Improvement, which continues to have a major presence in the community. The town is also known as one of the birthplaces of the sport of stock-car racing, and the North Wilkesboro Speedway was the first NASCAR-sanctioned track. Due to the town's proximity to the nearby Blue Ridge Mountains and its numerous tourist venues, North Wilkesboro has been nicknamed the "Key to the Blue Ridge".
Kąty Nowe
Kąty Nowe [ˈkɔntɨ ˈnɔvɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stopnica, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-east of Stopnica, 18 km (11 mi) east of Busko-Zdrój, and 55 km (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Stopnica
Stopnica [stɔpˈnit͡sa] is a town in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Stopnica. It lies in Lesser Poland, approximately 17 km (11 mi) east of Busko-Zdrój and 55 km (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.
Gage Park, Chicago
Gage Park is one of Chicago's 77 well-defined community areas, located on the city's southwest side; it is also the name of a park within the neighborhood. Gage Park's population is largely working-class, and its housing stock is mostly bungalows. For generations, the neighborhood was predominantly Eastern European and Irish Catholic. Today, the neighborhood is predominantly Hispanic and remains overwhelmingly Catholic. Gage Park is bounded by 49th Street to the north, 59th Street to the south, Central Park Ave to the west, and Leavitt Street to the east.

Irish Catholics
Irish Catholics (Irish: Caitlicigh na hÉireann) are an ethnoreligious group native to Ireland whose members are both Catholic and Irish. The diaspora and the descendants of Irish Catholics includes millions of Americans, Canadians and Australians. In countries like the United States, Canada and Australia, many Catholics descend from Irish immigrants/migrants who passed down their faith.
Ungnadia
Ungnadia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Sapindaceae, containing one species, Ungnadia speciosa, commonly known as the Mexican buckeye. It is native to northern Mexico, as well as Texas and southern New Mexico in the United States. The name honors Austrian ambassador Baron David Ungnad von Sonnegg, son of Andreas Ungnad von Sonnegg, who brought the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) to Vienna in 1576, introducing the plant into western Europe.

It differs from the buckeyes in the related genus Aesculus  but the seeds and nuts are similar. Another similar related genus is the soapberry (genus Sapindus). Ungnadia seeds are poisonous despite their sweetness, and sometimes used as marbles. The foliage is toxic and rarely browsed by livestock, but bees produce honey from the floral nectar.

Sapindus
Sapindus is a genus of about thirteen species of shrubs and small trees in the lychee family, Sapindaceae and tribe Sapindeae. It is native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the world. The genus includes both deciduous and evergreen species. Members of the genus are commonly known as soapberries or soapnuts because the pulp of the fruit is used to make soap and shampoo. The generic name is derived from the Latin words sapo, meaning "soap", and indicus, meaning "of India".

The leaves are alternate, 15–40 cm (5.9–15.7 in) long, pinnate (except in S. oahuensis, which has simple leaves), with 14–30 leaflets, the terminal leaflet often absent. The flowers form in large panicles, each flower small, creamy white. The fruit is a small leathery-skinned drupe 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) in diameter, yellow ripening blackish, containing one seed. Fossils date back to the Cretaceous.
Light-induced fluorescence transient
A light-induced fluorescence transient (LIFT) is a device to remotely measure chlorophyll fluorescence in plants in a fast and non-destructive way. By using a series of excitation light pulses, LIFT combines chlorophyll fluorescence data with spectral and RGB information to provide insights into various photosynthetic traits and vegetation indices. LIFT combines the pump-probe method with the principle of laser-induced fluorescence.

Laser-induced fluorescence
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) or laser-stimulated fluorescence (LSF) is a spectroscopic method in which an atom or molecule is excited to a higher energy level by the absorption of laser light followed by spontaneous emission of light. It was first reported by Zare and coworkers in 1968.

LIF is used for studying structure of molecules, detection of selective species and flow visualization and measurements. The wavelength is often selected to be the one at which the species has its largest cross section. The excited species will after some time, usually in the order of few nanoseconds to microseconds, spontaneously decay and emit a photon at a wavelength longer than the excitation wavelength. This fluorescent light is typically recorded with a photomultiplier tube (PMT), charged-coupled device (CCD), or filtered photodiodes.
Ennui (Sickert)
Ennui (English: Boredom) is an oil on canvas painting by the German-British artist Walter Sickert, from 1914. It is considered perhaps his most famous work, and at least five versions of the composition are known. The title in French was given by Sickert himself. The painting is held at Tate Britain, in London.

Walter Sickert
Walter Richard Sickert (31 May 1860 – 22 January 1942) was a German-born British painter and printmaker who was a member of the Camden Town Group of Post-Impressionist artists in early 20th-century London. He was an important influence on distinctively British styles of avant-garde art in the mid and late 20th century.

Sickert was a cosmopolitan and an eccentric who often favoured ordinary people and urban scenes as his subjects. His work includes portraits of well-known personalities and images derived from press photographs. He is considered a prominent figure in the transition from Impressionism to Modernism.

Decades after his death, several authors and researchers theorised that Sickert might have been the London-based serial killer Jack the Ripper, but the claim has largely been dismissed.
Whiteleaf Hill
Whiteleaf Hill is an 11 hectares (27 acres) Local Nature Reserve near Princes Risborough in Buckinghamshire. It is owned by Buckinghamshire County Council and managed by the Chiltern Society. it is in the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and it has five scheduled ancient monuments, including some dating to the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, and the Whiteleaf Cross, a chalk carving thought to date to the eighteenth century.

The southern half of the site is semi-natural beech woodland which dates back to at least 1600. Most of the mature trees were lost during storms in the late twentieth century, but they have been replaced by scrub which is regenerating into forest. Birds include whitethroats, and there are butterflies such as the speckled wood and the peacock.

The Ridgeway National Trail goes through the site, and there is access from Peters Lane, which separates it from Brush Hill Local Nature Reserve.

Aglais io
Aglais io, the European peacock, or the peacock butterfly, is a colourful butterfly, found in Europe and temperate Asia as far east as Japan. The peacock butterfly is resident in much of its range, often wintering in buildings or trees. It therefore often appears quite early in spring.

The peacock butterfly has figured in research in which the role of eyespots as an anti-predator mechanism has been investigated. The peacock is expanding its range and is not known to be threatened.
Swimming at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Men's 50 metre freestyle S12
The men's 50m freestyle S12 event at the 2012 Summer Paralympics took place at the  London Aquatics Centre on 7 September. There were three heats; the swimmers with the eight fastest times advanced to the final.

London Aquatics Centre
The London Aquatics Centre is an indoor facility with two 50-metre (164-foot) swimming pools and a 25-metre (82-foot) diving pool in Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, London. The centre, designed by architect Zaha Hadid as one of the main venues of the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, was used for the swimming, diving and synchronised swimming events. After significant modification, the centre opened to the public in March 2014.
Paul McGonagle
Paul McGonagle Sr. (January 21, 1939 – November 20, 1974) was an American mobster and leader of the Mullen Gang, an Irish mob group in South Boston involved in burglary and armed robbery. During a gang war, Paul's brother Donald was killed by Killeen Gang member Whitey Bulger in November 1969 when Bulger mistook Donald for Paul. At the conclusion of the gang war in 1972, the Mullens and Killeens were both consolidated under the control of the Winter Hill Gang. After expressing his desire to seek revenge for his brother's murder, Paul himself was killed by Bulger and buried on a Dorchester beach in November 1974. His remains were unearthed in September 2000.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.
Henry Dighton Thomas
Henry Dighton Thomas (1900-1966) was a geologist and academic at the University of Cambridge and Natural History Museum.

Henry Dighton Thomas was born in London on 31 October 1900. He attended Westminster City School in his youth and with the encouragement of one of his Masters, pursued geology as a favourite subject. He won an Open Scholarship to Emmanuel College, Cambridge where he took his degree in 1923, with a Second Class Pass in Part II of the Natural Sciences Tripos.

Westminster City School
Westminster City School is a state-funded secondary academy for boys, with a mixed sixth form, in Westminster. The school educates over 800 students. The current headteacher is Peter Broughton, while the current deputy headteachers are Jen Lockyer and Simon Brown.

The school became an academy in 2012. In March 2022, Ofsted rated it "good".
George Tarr
George Herrmann Tarr (1881–1968) was a New Zealand actor, scenic artist, theatre manager and film-maker. He was born in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and died in Milford, Auckland, New Zealand.

After a career as a child actor from the age of five, he came to New Zealand about 1902. He worked on establishing cinemas before moving into film production in 1914. He produced two major films: Hinemoa (1914) and Ten Thousand Miles in the Southern Cross (1922).

Tarr did not continue with film-making, and became a theatrical actor, producer and scenic artist.

Hinemoa (1914 film)
Hinemoa was an early silent film produced in New Zealand in 1914 which is presumed to be lost now. It was claimed to be the first feature film produced in New Zealand, although it should not be confused with a film of the same name shot by French director Gaston Méliès a year earlier. It was billed as "The first big dramatic work filmed and acted in the land of the Moa".
Cato (ship)
Several vessels have been named Cato:

Cato (1800 ship) was launched at Stockton in 1800 and registered in London to Reeve & Green. She was wrecked on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, in 1803.

Cato (1807 ship) was a merchant vessel launched at Kingston upon Hull in 1807. She was a West Indiaman, a transport ship, and traded across the Atlantic between England and North America. She foundered in November 1841.

Cato (1800 ship)
Cato was launched at Stockton in 1800, and registered in London to Reeve & Green. She was wrecked on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia in 1803, at (22°11′48″S 155°21′30″E﻿ / ﻿22.1966666°S 155.3583333°E﻿ / -22.1966666; 155.3583333).
Cyperus meyenianus
Cyperus meyenianus, commonly known as Meyen's flatsedge, is a species of sedge that is native to tropical areas of South America.

The species was first formally described by the botanist Carl Sigismund Kunth in 1837.

Carl Sigismund Kunth
Carl Sigismund Kunth (18 June 1788 – 22 March 1850) was a German botanist. He was also known as Karl Sigismund Kunth or anglicized as Charles Sigismund Kunth. He was one of the early systematic botanists who focused on studying the plants of the Americas.

Kunth's notable contributions include the publication of Nova genera et species plantarum quas in peregrinatione ad plagam aequinoctialem orbis novi collegerunt Bonpland et Humboldt. This work spanned seven volumes and was published between 1815 and 1825.
Dawn Primarolo
Dawn Primarolo, Baroness Primarolo, DBE, PC (born 2 May 1954) is a British Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament for Bristol South from 1987 until 2015, when she stood down. She was Minister of State for Children, Young People and Families at the Department for Children, Schools and Families from June 2009 to May 2010 and a Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons from 2010 to 2015. She was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 2014 Birthday Honours for political service. She was nominated for a life peerage in the 2015 Dissolution Honours.

Minister of State
Minister of state is a designation for a government minister, with varying meanings in different jurisdictions. In a number of European countries, the title is given as an honorific conferring a higher rank, often bestowed upon senior ministers. Conversely, in the United Kingdom and several other Commonwealth countries, "minister of state" is a junior rank, subordinate to a minister of higher rank. Finally, in other countries such as Australia, Brazil and Japan, all government ministers hold the title of "minister of state".
Mölle
Mölle is a locality situated in Höganäs Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 715 inhabitants in 2010.

It is best known for its scenic harbour and its location adjacent to the Kullaberg Nature Reserve.  Its harbour, situated on the Kattegat Strait, provides services for marine fishing, watersports outings and tour excursions along the coast, especially the rocky shore of Kullaberg to the north. Fodor characterizes Mölle as  "a small town set in spectacular isolation on the dramatic headland of the Kulla Peninsula".

As a historic seaside resort, Mölle has hosted numerous technical and professional conferences such as: the Swedish Network of European Economists, Joint Swedish-Russian International Workshop on Information Theory; and the Royal Society (United Kingdom) of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Skåne County
Skåne County (Swedish: Skåne län [ˈskôːnɛ ˈlɛːn]), sometimes referred to as Scania County or just Scania in English, is the southernmost county, or län, of Sweden, mostly corresponding to the traditional province of Scania. It borders the counties of Halland, Kronoberg and Blekinge and connects to Capital Region, Denmark by the Öresund Bridge across the Øresund strait. The seat of residence for the Skåne Governor is the city of Malmö. The headquarters of Skåne Regional Council are located in both Kristianstad and Malmö.

The present county was created in 1997 when Kristianstad County and Malmöhus County were merged; it covers around 3% of Sweden's total area, while its population of 1.3 million comprises 13% of Sweden's total population.
Chama Milind
Chama Milind (born 4 September 1994) is an Indian first-class cricketer who plays for  the Hyderabad cricket team. He is a left-handed batsman and left-arm medium bowler. He was a member of India Under-19 cricket team. In February 2022, he was bought by the Royal Challengers Bangalore in the auction for the 2022 Indian Premier League tournament for the base price of INR 20 lakh.

India national under-19 cricket team
The Indian men’s national Under-19 cricket team represents India in cricket at Under-19 level. The team has won six Under-19 World Cups and has the best win percentage in ODIs among all Under-19 national teams.

The team has won the Under-19 World Cup six times and finished runners-up four times. In 2000, they won it under the captaincy of Mohammad Kaif, in 2008, they won it under Virat Kohli's leadership, in 2012 under Unmukt Chand, in 2018 under Prithvi Shaw, and in 2022 under Yash Dhull. Ayush Mhatre led the team to their 6th title in 2026.

The team is currently captained by Ayush Mhatre, and coached by former India cricketer Hrishikesh Kanitkar.
Eccles, California
Eccles, California is a ghost town in Santa Cruz County, near Felton, east of Ben Lomond. It was near where Lompico Creek flows into Zayante Creek.

Located between Zayante and Felton, Eccles was a stop on the narrow gauge South Pacific Coast Railroad that ran from Santa Cruz to Oakland from 1880 to 1940.  The railroad carried lumber and local produce. It was acquired by the Southern Pacific in the later 1880s, which converted it to standard gauge and added weekend excursion trains. The April 18, 1906, earthquake damaged or destroyed tracks, tunnels, and bridges. However, Southern Pacific repaired the line and operated it until March 1940, when it suspended operations. State Route 17, completed in 1940, bypassed Eccles, contributing to its decline.

The area today is mostly rural and heavily wooded. The tracks survive from Olympia (just south of the site of Eccles) to Santa Cruz, and are now owned by the Santa Cruz, Big Trees and Pacific Railway.

Santa Cruz County, California
Santa Cruz County (/ˌsæntə ˈkruːz/ ⓘ), officially the County of Santa Cruz, is a county on the Pacific coast of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 270,861. The county seat is Santa Cruz. Santa Cruz County comprises the Santa Cruz–Watsonville, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area. The county is on the California Central Coast, south of the San Francisco Bay Area region. The county forms the northern coast of the Monterey Bay, with Monterey County forming the southern coast.
Blair Hilton
Blair Hilton (born 28 August 1989 in Wellington) is a New Zealand field hockey player. At the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Olympics, he competed for the national team in the men's tournament.  He also competed for New Zealand at the 2010 and 2014 Commonwealth Games.

New Zealand men's national field hockey team
The New Zealand men's national field hockey team, also known as the Black Sticks Men, is the national team for men's field hockey of New Zealand, under the New Zealand Hockey Federation.

At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, they upset Australia to win gold, becoming the first non-Asian/European team to clinch the gold medal. They have also won silver and bronze at the 2002 and 2010 Commonwealth Games.
Calvin H. Robbins
Calvin Hubbard Robbins (December 20, 1840 – February 28, 1900) was an American physician and politicians.

Robbins was born in Norfolk, St. Lawrence County, New York. He went to medical school in Keokuk, Iowa and studied medicine in Chatfield, Minnesota and Ann Arbor, Michigan. Robbins moved to Minnesota in 1859 and settled in Wykoff, Fillmore County, Minnesota with his wife and family. Robbins served in the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1876. He died in Austin, Minnesota.

Keokuk, Iowa
Keokuk /ˈkiːəkʌk/ is a city in and a county seat of Lee County, Iowa, United States. It is Iowa's southernmost city. The population was 9,900 at the time of the 2020 census. The city is named after the Sauk chief Keokuk. It is in the extreme southeast corner of Iowa, where the Des Moines River meets the Mississippi. Keokuk is also the home of Keokuk National Cemetery.

It is at the junction of U.S. Routes 61, 136 and 218. Just across the rivers are the towns of Hamilton and Warsaw, Illinois, and Alexandria, Missouri. Keokuk, along with the city of Fort Madison, is a principal city of the Fort Madison-Keokuk micropolitan area, which includes all of Lee County, Iowa, Hancock County, Illinois and Clark County, Missouri.
Jatlan
Jatlan (Urdu: جاتلاں) is a bazaar that was once a village located on the northern bank of the Upper Jhelum Canal in the administrative region of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. As of the most recent data available, Jatlan has a population of approximately 2,214 residents.

Jatlan, was at the epicentre of the 2019 Kashmir earthquake, a seismic event of magnitude 6 Mww. This earthquake resulted in substantial damage to the village's infrastructure and caused widespread disruption to the lives of its residents.

Jatlan has several notable sites, including the Jatlan Head, a construction dating back to the British colonial period. The structure stands as a tangible testament to the architectural and engineering styles prevalent during the British colonial rule in the region.

Khari Sharif
Khari Sharif (كھڑي شريف) is an agricultural area between Jhelum and Mirpur of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Broadly speaking, Alaqa-e-Khari (translation in English: Area of Khari) refers to the fertile plains of Khari which exist between the mountains of Mirpur and the river Jhelum. Khari has some 80 small and large villages and one of the villages itself is known as Khari Sharif. It is located at a distance of 8 km from the city of Mirpur and is known for housing the shrines of Sufi saints known as Pir Shah Murad Ghazi Qalandar Damri Wali Sarkar and Mian Muhammad Bakhsh.

The place acts as a great seat of learning for students of Sufism. Historically it was a residence of a famous dervish of this region.

According to the 1998 Pakistan Census, the population was 9,632.
St Laurence's College
St Laurence's College (known colloquially as Lauries) is an independent Catholic primary and secondary school for boys, located in South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Founded by the Congregation of Christian Brothers in 1915. the school is a member of Edmund Rice Education Australia. As of 2021, the college had an enrolment of over 1913 students from Year 5 to Year 12. St Laurence's is affiliated with the Associated Independent Colleges sporting association.

Some of the college's historic buildings are listed on the Brisbane Heritage Register.

Congregation of Christian Brothers
The Congregation of Christian Brothers (Latin: Congregatio Fratrum Christianorum; abbreviated CFC) is a worldwide religious community within the Catholic Church, founded by Edmund Rice.

Their first school opened in Waterford, Ireland, in 1802. At the time of its foundation, though much relieved from the harshest of the Penal Laws by the Relief Acts, Catholics faced much discrimination throughout the newly created United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland pending full Catholic emancipation in 1829.

This congregation is sometimes referred to as simply "the Christian Brothers", leading to confusion with the De La Salle Brothers—also known as the Christian Brothers, sometimes by Lasallian organisations themselves. As such, Rice's congregation is sometimes called the Irish Christian Brothers or the Edmund Rice Christian Brothers.