hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linnik's theorem
Linnik's theorem in analytic number theory answers a natural question after Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions. It asserts that there exist positive c and L such that, if we denote p(a,d) the least prime in the arithmetic progression

where n runs through the positive integers and a and d are any given positive coprime integers with 1 ≤ a ≤ d − 1, then:

The theorem is named after Yuri Vladimirovich Linnik, who proved it in 1944. Although Linnik's proof showed c and L to be effectively computable, he provided no numerical values for them.

It follows from Zsigmondy's theorem that p(1,d) ≤ 2d − 1, for all d ≥ 3. It is known that p(1,p) ≤ Lp, for all primes p ≥ 5, as Lp is congruent to 1 modulo p for all prime numbers p, where Lp denotes the p-th Lucas number. Just like Mersenne numbers, Lucas numbers with prime indices have divisors of the form 2kp+1.

Coprime integers
In number theory, two integers a and b are coprime, relatively prime or mutually prime if the only positive integer that is a divisor of both of them is 1. Consequently, any prime number that divides a does not divide b, and vice versa. This is equivalent to their greatest common divisor (GCD) being 1. One says also a is prime to b or a is coprime with b.

The numbers 8 and 9 are coprime, despite the fact that neither—considered individually—is a prime number, since 1 is their only common divisor. On the other hand, 6 and 9 are not coprime, because they are both divisible by 3. The numerator and denominator of a reduced fraction are coprime, by definition.
York–Durham Heritage Railway
The York–Durham Heritage Railway was a heritage railway in both the York Region and the Durham Region of Ontario, Canada, north of Toronto.

The railway formerly operated excursion trains from Uxbridge. Trips had various travel times depending on the event or festival.

The railway ran on the tracks of the former Toronto and Nipissing Railway. Metrolinx owns the tracks to Uxbridge, but operated GO Transit commuter trains no further than Old Elm GO Station, the northern terminal of the Stouffville line.

YDHR began operations in 1996 as an all-volunteer run Heritage Association. During the late 2010s the organization changed business models to become a mix of volunteer and paid staff, lead by CEO John Perks. In 2022 the railway reported financial difficulties, and as of January 2024 has ceased all operations and filed for bankruptcy protection.

Regional Municipality of Durham
The Regional Municipality of Durham (/ˈdʊərəm/), informally referred to as Durham Region, is a regional municipality in Southern Ontario, Canada. Located east of Toronto and the Regional Municipality of York, it forms the east end of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) and is part of the Golden Horseshoe region. It has an area of approximately 2,500 km2 (970 sq mi). The regional government is headquartered in Whitby.

The southern portion of Durham Region, on Lake Ontario, is primarily suburban in nature, forming the eastern end of the "905 belt" of suburbs around Toronto, while the northern portion comprises rural areas and small towns. The city of Pickering, town of Ajax, and the township of Uxbridge are part of the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area, while the communities of Oshawa, Whitby, and Clarington comprise the Oshawa Census Metropolitan Area.
Pewaukee Lake
Pewaukee Lake is a lake located in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. The largest lake in Waukesha County's "Lake Country", Pewaukee Lake is approximately five miles (8 km) long and one mile (1.6 km) wide, with an average depth of 15 feet (4.6 m) sloping to a maximum depth of 46 feet (14 m).

The lake is known for its inland sailing races. National sailing events take place annually and are often hosted by the Pewaukee Yacht Club located on the southern shore of the lake.

The lake's fish include bluegill, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, muskellunge ("muskie"), northern pike, tiger muskellunge ("tiger muskie"), walleye, yellow perch and non-native carp.

Pewaukee Lake experienced high waters and flooding during the spring and summer of 2008. The floods caused millions of dollars in damages to the surrounding area.

Carp
The term carp (pl.: carp) is a generic common name for numerous species of freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large clade of ray-finned fish mostly native to Eurasia. While carp are prized quarries and are valued (even commercially cultivated) as both food and ornamental fish in many parts of the Old World, they are considered trash fish and invasive pests in many parts of Africa, Australia and most of the United States.
Sant Vicenç de Montalt
Sant Vicenç de Montalt (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsam biˈsɛnz ðə munˈtal]), is a municipality in the comarca of the Maresme in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated on the coast between Sant Andreu de Llavaneres and Arenys de Mar, below the el Corredor range, with the main settlement slightly inland. The main N-II road along the coast passes through the municipality, linked to the town by a local road. There are also roads to Arenys de Munt and to Mataró, and a station on the Renfe railway line at Caldes d'Estrac.

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Vezirli, Yüksekova
Vezirli (Kurdish: Vezîrawa, Syriac: Wāzirāwā) is a neighbourhood of Yüksekova in Yüksekova District of Hakkâri Province in Turkey. It had a population of 1,225 in 2023.

Vezirli was a village until 2023.

Yüksekova District
Yüksekova District is a district in the Hakkâri Province of Turkey. Its seat is the city Yüksekova. Its area is 2,547 km2 and had a population of 121,969 people in 2023. It borders Iran to the east, and Kurdistan Region of Iraq to the south.
Meguid
Meguid (Arabic: مجيد), extended form Abdel Meguid (Arabic: عبد المجيد), is an Egyptian surname.

Notable people with this surname include:

Abdel Meguid Amir (born 1961), Egyptian basketball player

Abdel Meguid Mahmoud (born 1946), Egyptian politician

Ahmed Abdel-Meguid, (1923-2013), Egyptian diplomat

Ibrahim Abdel Meguid, Egyptian author

Michael M. Meguid, Egyptian-American surgeon

Nagwa Abdel Meguid, Egyptian geneticist

Omar Abdel Meguid (born 1988), Egyptian squash player

Wahid Abdel Meguid, Egyptian politician

Abdel Meguid Mahmoud
Abdel Meguid Mahmoud (Arabic: عبد المجيد محمود; born 1946) was the Egyptian Attorney General from 2006 to 5 July 2013. He was removed from office by Mohamed Morsi the President of Egypt on 22 November 2012 after a constitutional declaration made by the president. On 2 July 2013, the Egyptian Court of Cassation deemed his removal illegal and reinstated him again as the general prosecutor of Egypt. On 3 July 2013, President Morsi was deposed in a coup d'état by the military and Mahmoud subsequently resigned on 5 July 2013 shortly after being reinstated to “avoid the embarrassment of making judicial decisions against those who removed me from office.”
Lyciasalamandra flavimembris
Lyciasalamandra flavimembris, the Marmaris Lycian salamander or Marmaris salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Salamandridae. It is endemic to Turkey and is found along the southwestern Anatolian coast between Marmaris and Ula. It was first described as subspecies of Mertensiella luschani, now Lyciasalamandra luschani.

Ula, Muğla
Ula is a municipality and district of Muğla Province, Turkey. Its area is 479 km2, and its population is 26,613 (2022). Its name reflects the ancient town of Ula in ancient Caria, whose site is conjectured to be nearby.

The town of Ula is situated at a distance of only 14 km (9 mi) from the province seat of Muğla, a mile after a bifurcation on the road to Marmaris. It is notable for its old houses in the Turkish style and the vast forest region that extends to the south along the country road called Çiçekli after the town. The history of the inhabitants and the town, situated in ancient Caria, can be traced at least as far back as the dynasty of Menteşe.

The towns of Akyaka and Gökova, situated at a close distance to each other at the tip of the Gulf of Gökova, are both rising centers of international tourism.
2014 CIS Men's Basketball Championship
The 2014 CIS Men's Final 8 Basketball Tournament was held March 7–9, 2014 in Ottawa, Ontario. Host and defending champion Carleton Ravens won the  final against the Ottawa Gee-Gees. It was the second of two consecutive CIS Championships to be held at Canadian Tire Centre after the tournament was held in Halifax in 2011 and 2012. This was the fifth time Carleton University has hosted the tournament with the Carleton Ravens guaranteed a spot in the tournament as the host team.

U Sports
U Sports (stylized as U SPORTS) is the national sport governing body for universities in Canada, comprising the majority of degree-granting universities in the country and four regional conferences: Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), Canada West (CW), and Atlantic University Sport (AUS). The equivalent body for organized sports at colleges in Canada is the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). Some institutions are members of both bodies for different sports.
Atelopus tamaense
Atelopus tamaense, the Tamá harlequin frog or Venezuela stubfoot toad, is a toadspecies in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Páramo de Tamá on the Venezuelan-Colombian border and is found in Apure and (likely) Táchira states of Venezuela, and Norte de Santander Department on the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia.

Its natural habitats are sphagnum bogs within the páramo ecosystems and upper montane forests at elevations of 2,950–3,200 m (9,680–10,500 ft) above sea level.

The species is present in the Tamá National Natural Park in Colombia and El Tamá National Park in Venezuela. Habitat degradation due to fire is a major threat, however, the primary threat to this specie is chytridiomycosis, which has negatively impacted many other montane Atelopus species.

Norte de Santander Department
Norte de Santander (Spanish for Northern Santander) (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnoɾte ðe santanˈdeɾ]) is a department of northeastern Colombia. It is in the north of the country, bordering Venezuela. Its capital is Cúcuta, one of the country's major cities.

Norte de Santander is bordered by Venezuela to the east and north, by Santander Department and Boyacá Department to the south, and by Santander Department and Cesar Department to the west.

The official department name is "Departamento de Norte de Santander" (Norte de Santander Department) in honor of Colombian military and political leader Francisco de Paula Santander, who was born and raised near Cúcuta. Norte de Santander Department is located in the northwestern zone of the Colombian Andean Region.

The area of present-day Norte de Santander played an important role in the history of Colombia, during the War of Independence from Spain when Congress gave origin to the Greater Colombia in Villa del Rosario.
Star Trek: The Lost Era
Star Trek: The Lost Era is a series of seven thematically linked novels that explore the period between the film The Undiscovered Country and The Next Generation episode "Encounter at Farpoint". The series was conceived and edited by Mario Palmieri, and published by Pocket Books.: 456

The Buried Age (2007), by Christopher L. Bennett, and the Terok Nor (2008) trilogy, were marketed as "Tales of the Lost Era".

The Icarus Factor
"The Icarus Factor" is the fourteenth episode of the second season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation. It is the 40th episode overall, first broadcast on April 24, 1989. Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D.

In this episode, the Enterprise's first officer William Riker must decide whether to accept command of his own starship, and negative feelings surface when his estranged father arrives to brief him on the mission. Meanwhile, crew members Wesley Crusher, Geordi La Forge and Data attempt to determine why Lt. Worf, a Klingon, seems more agitated than usual, and discover that he is upset over not being able to participate in an important Klingon ritual.
Womb envy
In psychology, womb envy  denotes the envy that men may feel of the biological functions of women (pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding). The neo-Freudian psychiatrist Karen Horney (1885–1952) proposed this as a male psychological trait. These emotions could fuel the social subordination of women, and drive men to succeed in other areas of life, such as business, medicine, law, and politics. Each term is analogous to the concept of female penis envy presented in Freudian psychology. In this they address the gender role social dynamics underlying the "envy and fascination with the female breasts and lactation, with pregnancy and childbearing, and vagina envy [that] are clues and signs of transsexualism and to a femininity complex of men, which is defended against by psychological and sociocultural means".

Envy
Envy is an emotion which occurs when a person lacks another's quality, skill, achievement, or possession and either desires it or wishes that the other lacked it. Envy can also refer to the wish for another person to lack something one already possesses so as to remove the equality of possession between both parties.

Aristotle defined envy as pain at the sight of another's good fortune, stirred by "those who have what we ought to have". Bertrand Russell said that envy was one of the most potent causes of unhappiness. Recent research considered the conditions under which it occurs, how people deal with it, and whether it can inspire people to emulate those they envy.

Jealousy differs from envy in that jealousy is usually focused on emotional relationships and the fear of losing them, and envy is focused on a desire for other people's things or situations.
Pascale Ferran
Pascale Ferran (French: [fɛʁɑ̃]; born 17 April 1960) is a French film director and screenwriter. In 2007, her film Lady Chatterley won five César Awards including Best Film, Best Cinematography and Best Adaptation. Her 2014 film Bird People was selected to compete in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival. Ferran also wrote the screenplay for The Red Turtle, an animated film by Michael Dudok de Wit, that competed in the Hawaii International Film Festival on 12 November 2016.

Michaël Dudok de Wit
Michaël Dudok de Wit (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmixaːɛl ˈdydɔɡ də ˈʋɪt]; born 15 July 1953) is a Dutch animator, director and illustrator based in London. He won an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film for Father and Daughter (2000) and was nominated in the same category for The Monk and the Fish (1994) as well as for an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature for The Red Turtle (2016).
Ali Mahmoud Taha
‘Ali Maḥmūd Ṭāhā (Arabic: علي محمود طه‎) (1901–1949) was an Egyptian neo-romantic poet and member of the Cairo "Apollo Society". He has been called several nicknames, such as: The Engineer and The Lost Sailor.  The Egyptian literary scholar, 'Abd al-Majid 'Abidin, published an Arabic study discussing 'Ali Mahmud Taha "al-Munhandis" (the Engineer Ali Mahmud Taha) and Iliya Abu Madi in 1967, describing them both as reformist poets (sha'irayn mujaddidayn).

Nevertheless, Taha was not as immersed in romanticism as Ibrahim Nagi and Mohammad al-Hamshari.

Furthermore, Taha's poets were politically-colored, but even provocative and patriotic, despite his death, which was before the 23rd-of-July Revolution. He was among the contributors of Al Siyasa, newspaper of the Liberal Constitutional Party.

Patriotism
Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to one's country or state. This attachment can be a combination of different feelings for things such as the language of one's homeland, and its ethnic, cultural, political, or historical aspects. It may encompass a set of concepts closely related to nationalism, mostly civic nationalism and sometimes cultural nationalism.
Giovanni Vasanzio
Giovanni Vasanzio or Jan van Santen (1550 – 21 August 1621) was a Dutch-born architect, garden designer and engraver who spent his mature career in Rome, where he arrived in the 1580s.

Vasanzio was born in Utrecht. He worked as assistant to Flaminio Ponzio and completed works in progress at Ponzio's death (1613); he became in some sense the "house architect' for the Borghese, responsible for ephemeral decorations to provide settings for dynastic events both gay and grave. Vasanzio died in Rome. After his death, Giovanni Battista Soria assumed his role with the Borghese.

House of Borghese
The House of Borghese (/bɔːrˈɡeɪzi/ bor-GAY-zee, Italian: [borˈɡeːze, -eːse]) is a family of Italian noble and papal background, originating as the Borghese or Borghesi in Siena, where they came to prominence in the 13th century and held offices under the commune. During the 16th century, the head of the family, Marcantonio, moved to Rome, where he rose in power and wealth following the election of his son Camillo as Pope Paul V in 1605. They were one of the leading families of the black nobility and maintain close ties to the Vatican.
Frank H. Wheaton Sr.
Frank Hayes Wheaton Sr. (March 16, 1881 – April 1983) was president of Wheaton Industries from 1926 to 1966 and chairman of the board from 1931 until his death. He is one of a handful of centenarians to chair corporate boards, and was the subject of a front-page article in The Wall Street Journal shortly before his 100th birthday; it was titled, At 99, the Chairman Still Doesn't Hanker for a Life of Retirement.

Residents of Millville, New Jersey turned out for a parade in 1981 to honor Wheaton on the occasion of his 100th birthday.

Millville, New Jersey
Millville is a city in Cumberland County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 27,491, a decrease of 909 (−3.2%) from the 2010 census count of 28,400, which in turn reflected an increase of 1,553 (+5.8%) from the 26,847 counted in the 2000 census.

Millville was originally incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 24, 1801, from portions of Fairfield Township. Portions of the township were taken to form Landis Township on March 7, 1864. Millville was reincorporated as a city on March 1, 1866, based on the results of a referendum passed that same day. The city derives its name from a proposal to create a mill town in the area.

Millville is part of the South Jersey region of the state and is located within the Vineland-Bridgeton metropolitan statistical area, and it is ultimately part of the larger Delaware Valley or Philadelphia metropolitan area.
Lützelflüh-Goldbach railway station
Lützelflüh-Goldbach railway station (German: Bahnhof Lützelflüh-Goldbach) is a railway station in the municipality of Lützelflüh, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Solothurn–Langnau line of BLS AG.

BLS AG
BLS AG is a Swiss railway company created by the 2006 (2006) merger of BLS Lötschbergbahn and Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG. Its ownership is divided, with 55.8% of it owned by the canton of Berne, and 21.7% by the Swiss Confederation. It has two main business fields: passenger traffic and infrastructure.

BLS has a subsidiary—BLS Cargo—which is responsible for all freight operations. BLS Cargo works in cooperation with the freight subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn, Railion. However, the staff, apart from management and sales, is employed by BLS AG. Part of the BLS locomotive fleet is owned by BLS Cargo.

Another subsidiary, BLS Fernverkehr AG, is responsible for long-distance passenger transport. BLS Fernverkehr AG is wholly owned by BLS AG.
Before You Leap
Before You Leap is the autobiography published under the name of the Muppet character Kermit the Frog. It was released by Meredith Books in September 2006.

Steve Whitmire performed Kermit on CBS News in January 2007 to discuss the book's themes. The book was also mentioned in a 2014 episode of The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon featuring Kermit.

Steve Whitmire
Steven Lawrence Whitmire (born September 24, 1959) is an American puppeteer, known primarily for his work on The Muppets and Sesame Street. Beginning his involvement with the Muppets in 1978, Whitmire originated the roles of Rizzo the Rat, Lips, Wembley Fraggle, and Bean Bunny. He also inherited the roles of Kermit the Frog and Ernie after Jim Henson's death in 1990; he performed the characters until 2016 and 2014, respectively. In later years, he also performed Statler and Beaker. As part of the Muppet cast, he has appeared in multiple feature films and television series, performing a variety of characters on The Muppet Show, Sesame Street, and Fraggle Rock and during such occupations has been employed by the Jim Henson Company, Sesame Workshop, and the Muppets Studio.
Tennis at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's doubles
The United States' Serena Williams and Venus Williams defeated the Netherlands' Kristie Boogert and Miriam Oremans in the final, 6–1, 6–1 to win the gold medal in Women's Doubles tennis at the 2000 Summer Olympics. It was the first of an eventual three gold medals at the event for the Williams sisters. In the bronze medal match, Belgium's Els Callens and Dominique Van Roost defeated Belarus' Olga Barabanschikova and Natalia Zvereva, 4–6, 6–4, 6–1.

The tournament was held in the Tennis Centre, Sydney Olympic Park in Sydney, Australia from 21 September till 28 September.

The United States' Gigi Fernández and Mary Joe Fernandez were the two-time reigning gold medalists, but Gigi Fernández retired from the sport in 1997 and Mary Joe Fernandez did not participate.

Netherlands at the 2000 Summer Olympics
The Netherlands competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.

Sydney 2000 marked the first time the Dutch Olympic team competed in Australia as the Netherlands and other European nations boycotted the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne due to the Soviet invasion of Hungary but the Netherlands did take part in the Equestrian events at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Stockholm five months earlier with a lone rider of the nation.
Agramonte
Agramonte is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Juan de Agramonte (fl. 1511), Spanish sailor

Roberto Agramonte (1904–1995), Cuban revolutionary

Juan Carlos Robinson Agramonte (born 1956), Cuban politician

Ignacio Agramonte (1841–1873), Cuban politician

Aristides Agramonte (1868–1931), American physician

Juan Carlos Robinson Agramonte
Juan Carlos Robinson Agramonte (born July 16, 1956), was a member of the Cuban politburo and First Secretary of the Provincial Committee of the Cuban Communist Party in Santiago de Cuba. In April 2006 he was dismissed from the Politburo, and in June he was sentenced to 12 years in prison for corruption. .
He was released from prison in 2010.