hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ancha Formation
The Ancha Formation is a  geologic formation found near Santa Fe, New Mexico. It is estimated to be between 1 and 3 million years in age, corresponding to the late Pliocene and Pleistocene.

Study of the formation has provided clues on the development of rivers systems in the region. In particular, evidence from the formation suggests that the Pecos River may originally have flowed west to join the Santa Fe River, rather than east to join the Rio Grande as it now does.

The formation is one of the youngest of the Santa Fe Group formations deposited in the Rio Grande rift. It is an important local aquifer.

Rio Grande rift
The Rio Grande rift is a north-trending continental rift zone. It separates the Colorado Plateau in the west from the interior of the North American craton on the east. The rift extends from central Colorado in the north to the state of Chihuahua, Mexico, in the south. The rift zone consists of four basins that have an average width of 50 kilometres (31 mi). The rift can be observed on location at Rio Grande National Forest, White Sands National Park, Santa Fe National Forest, and Cibola National Forest, among other locations.

The Rio Grande rift has been an important site for humans for a long time, because it provides a north–south route that follows a major river. The Rio Grande follows the course of the rift from southern Colorado to El Paso, where it turns southeast and flows toward the Gulf of Mexico. Important cities, including Albuquerque, Santa Fe, Taos, Española, Las Cruces, El Paso, and Ciudad Juárez, lie within the rift.
Dyer Plateau
Dyer Plateau (70°30′S 65°0′W﻿ / ﻿70.500°S 65.000°W﻿ / -70.500; -65.000) is a broad ice-covered upland of north-central Palmer Land, bounded to the north by Fleming Glacier and Bingham Glacier, and to the south by the Gutenko Mountains.  It is buttressed by Goettel Escarpment.

Fleming Glacier
Fleming Glacier (69°25′S 66°40′W﻿ / ﻿69.417°S 66.667°W﻿ / -69.417; -66.667) is a broad glacier 25 nautical miles (46 km) long on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula, flowing west-northwest and terminating in Forster Ice Piedmont to the east of the Wordie Ice Shelf. The glacier was charted by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Rymill, 1934–37, and was photographed from the air by the United States Antarctic Service on September 29, 1940. This hitherto unnamed feature was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1947 for Reverend W.L.S. Fleming, Dean of Trinity Hall, Cambridge University; also, chaplain, chief scientist, and geologist of the BGLE.
1975 Wagga Wagga state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Wagga Wagga on 6 December 1975. The election was triggered by the resignation of Wal Fife (Liberal) who had been pre-selected as the Liberal candidate for the next federal election for the division of Farrer. Fife subsequently won the election for Farrer on 13 December 1975.

Electoral district of Wagga Wagga
Wagga Wagga is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. The district has been held by Independent MP Joe McGirr since the September 2018 by-election.

Wagga Wagga is a regional electorate. It entirely covers two local government areas: the City of Wagga Wagga and Lockhart Shire. It also covers part of the Snowy Valleys Council, which was established following the merger of Tumut Shire and Tumbarumba Shire.
David E. Barclay
David E. Barclay (born July 12, 1948) is an American historian and the author of several books on German history. He received his Ph.D. in history from Stanford University in 1975, where he studied under Gordon A. Craig.  He taught at Kalamazoo College from 1974 to 2016, and served as the Executive Director of the German Studies Association for over a decade.

Barclay was named a 2006-07 Berlin Prize Winner by the American Academy in Berlin.

Kalamazoo College
Kalamazoo College is a private liberal arts college in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1833 by Baptist ministers as the Michigan and Huron Institute, Kalamazoo is the oldest private college in Michigan. From 1840 to 1850, the institute operated as the Kalamazoo Branch of the University of Michigan. After receiving its charter from the state in 1855, the institute changed its name to Kalamazoo College.

Kalamazoo is a member of the Consortium of Liberal Arts Colleges (CLAC) and the Great Lakes Colleges Association. The college's sports teams are nicknamed the Hornets and compete in the NCAA Division III Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association.
Jean Carlet
Jean Carlet is a French doctor specializing in internal medicine, infectious diseases, and intensive care. He is the former Medical director in the Haute Autorité de santé, the president of the NGO World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance, and a consultant for the World Health Organization.

Dr. Carlet is engaged in the public education of health-related topics, especially antibiotic resistance. He has provided expert input for the Government of France, and the World Health Organization.

His contributions to public health have been highlighted by Le Monde, France Culture, Le Figaro, La Croix, and Libération.

France Culture
France Culture (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃s kyltyʁ]) is a French public radio channel and part of Radio France. Its programming encompasses various features on historical, philosophical, sociopolitical, and scientific themes (including debates, discussions, and exciting documentaries), as well as literary readings, radio plays, and experimental productions. The channel is broadcast nationwide on FM and is also available online.
The Pink Ban
The Pink Ban was a strike action, taken by the Builders Labourers Federation (BLF), at Macquarie University due to the expulsion of a gay man from student housing.

The Pink Bans were a pivotal movement in Australian history, where labour union activism intersected with gay rights. This movement was primarily catalysed by the New South Wales branch of the Builders Labourers Federation (BLF) in 1973, responding to the expulsion of a gay student, Jeremy Fisher, from Macquarie University, Sydney.

Builders Labourers Federation
The Builders Labourers Federation (BLF) was an Australian trade union that existed from 1911 until 1972, and from 1976 until 1986, when it was deregistered in various Australian states by the Hawke Government and some state governments of the time. This occurred in the wake of a Royal Commission into corruption by the union. About the same time, BLF federal secretary Norm Gallagher was jailed for corrupt dealings after receiving bribes from building companies that he used to build a beach house.
Maison James Norman Hall
Maison James Norman Hall is a historic house museum in Arue, French Polynesia. It exhibits the home of writer James Norman Hall, as it was in 1951 at the time of his death. Its collection includes a 3,000-volume library and the author's typewriter.

Historic house museum
A historic house museum is a house of historic significance that is preserved as a museum. Historic furnishings may be displayed in a way that reflects their original placement and usage in a home. Historic house museums are held to a variety of standards, including those of the International Council of Museums. Houses are transformed into museums for a number of different reasons. For example, the homes of famous writers are frequently turned into writer's home museums to support literary tourism.
Category 0
Category 0 can refer to:

Empty category 0, the category of no objects and no morphisms, is the initial object of the category of small categories is the empty category

Category [0], a simplex category

Category 0 triage (Japan) - for victims who are dead, or whose injuries make survival unlikely.

Category 0 of Grade 0 peripheral artery disease - asymptomatic

Category 0 psychics in Psycho Busters - chronodivers, who have the ability to stop and reverse time and change the past

Category 0 cultural heritage assets (Belarus) - inscribed or proposed for inscription on the World Heritage List

Category "0" vessel - allowing unrestricted operation in the world's oceans

Category 0 in "End of the Road" (Torchwood)

Category 0 of the ILO International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses - the absence of small opacity

Psycho Busters
Psycho Busters (Japanese: サイコバスターズ, Hepburn: Saiko Basutāzu) is a light novel series written by Yuya Aoki and drawn by Rando Ayamine. It was published by Kodansha in Japan and is licensed by Del Rey in the United States.
Rural Township, Jefferson County, Kansas
Rural Township is a township in Jefferson County, Kansas, United States.  It was formed in 1871, from the territory of Kentucky Township and Sarcoxie Township.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 804.

Jefferson County, Kansas
Jefferson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and most populous city is Oskaloosa.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 18,368.  The county was named after Thomas Jefferson, the 3rd president of the United States.
Tim Cronk
Tim Cronk (born June 22, 1987) is a Canadian former professional football fullback who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was first signed by the BC Lions on May 30, 2011, after going undrafted in the 2009 CFL draft and finishing his college eligibility in 2010. He played CIS football for the Bishop's Gaiters. On November 18, 2017, Cronk made his amateur MMA debut, winning by submission, 2 minutes into the first round. He attended Holy Cross Catholic Secondary School in Kingston.

Bishop's Gaiters
The Bishop's Gaiters is the men's and women's athletic teams that represent Bishop's University in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. The name Gaiter is a nickname used to refer to garments worn over the shoe and lower pants leg, worn by Anglican bishops until the beginning of the 20th century. The teams play in U Sports, mostly competing in the Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), while the football program competes in the Atlantic University Sport football conference. The Gaiters' home field is Coulter Field, a 2,200 seat capacity stadium located on the university's campus.
RX J1633.3+4718
RX J1633.3+4718 (RX J1633+4718) known as RXS J16333+4718 according to VLBI Network observations, is a narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy, located in the constellation of Hercules. It has a redshift of (z) 0.116 and is located 1.75 billion light years from Earth. The first known reference to this galaxy comes from a radio source which was identified in 1995 in the IRAS catalogue as F16319+4725.

Astronomical radio source
An astronomical radio source is an object in outer space that emits strong radio waves. Radio emission comes from a wide variety of sources. Such objects are among the most extreme and energetic physical processes in the universe.
Spruch
Spruch can mean "saying". It can also refer to:

Spruchdichtung, a genre of Middle High German sung verse excluding love songs

Spruch (music) or dictum, vocal music with lyrics taken from sacred scripture.

Zbigniew Spruch, Polish cyclist

Spruchdichtung
Spruchdichtung or Sangspruchdichtung is the German term for a genre of Middle High German sung verse. An individual work in this genre is called a Spruch (plural Sprüche), literally a "saying", and may consist of one or more strophes.

While closely associated with the lyric genre Minnesang, its theme is not love, but rather

the Spruch treated predominantly of rational, didactic and pragmatic issues, including, for example, socio-political commentary, topics related to moral or religious teaching and philosophy, practical wisdom, biographical material, praise of patrons, begging and much else besides.

Where the texts offer general moral comment, they may also be considered gnomic poetry, while works directed at particular personages or issues are rather political poetry.

The most important medieval collection of Sprüche is the Jenaer Liederhandschrift (MS J), which also has a large number of Spruch melodies.
Nimrod Botelanga
Nimrod Botelanga (1953 or 1954 – 14 March 2013) was a Nauruan politician and former member of the cabinet, speaker and a member of parliament.

Botelanga held several portfolios in the cabinets of René Harris, including the portfolio of Minister of Finance from March 2000 to April 2000, from May 2001 to June 2001 and from May 2004 to June 2004. He also held other cabinet portfolios such as health and sports.

In the parliament Botelanga represented the Meneng Constituency. He was elected as the Speaker of the Parliament from 8 August 2003 to 24 February 2004. He lost his parliamentary seat in the 2004 elections to Sprent Dabwido.

Meneng constituency
Meneng is one of the constituencies of Nauru. It returns three members to the Parliament of Nauru in Yaren. Previously, the Meneng Constituency returned two members of parliament, but in June 2013, the Electoral Act was amended to add an additional parliament member to the constituency. It comprises the Meneng District. It is the southernmost constituency in Nauru.
Vishok Persaud
Vishok Persaud is a Guyanese entrepreneur and racing driver. He is the founder and chief executive of ENet (formerly E-Networks), a telecom operator in Guyana. Under his tenure the company launched a 4G/5G VoLTE network in 2022-2023 and expanded national fibre connectivity. As a participant in national circuit racing, he set lap records at the South Dakota Circuit and the 2024 Group 4 (2WD) title.

4G
4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular network technology, introduced in the late 2000s and early 2010s. Compared to preceding third-generation (3G) technologies, 4G has been designed to support all-IP communications and broadband services, and eliminates circuit switching in voice telephony. It also has considerably higher data bandwidth compared to 3G, enabling a variety of data-intensive applications such as high-definition media streaming and the expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) applications.

The earliest deployed technologies marketed as "4G" were Long Term Evolution (LTE), developed by the 3GPP group, and Mobile Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Mobile WiMAX), based on IEEE specifications. These provided significant enhancements over previous 3G and 2G.
Dian Slavens
Dian Slavens (born March 12, 1958) is a Democratic politician from Michigan who served in the Michigan House of Representatives from 2009 to 2015. Slavens represented  the 21st House District, which includes Canton Township, Belleville and Van Buren Township.

She served on the Families, Children, and Seniors Committee and the Military and Veterans Affairs Committee. Dian has volunteered at Plymouth-Canton Community Schools, as a Sunday School teacher at Geneva Presbyterian Church in Canton Township, and as a Girl Scout leader for the Huron Valley Council. Her priorities included school funding, government efficiency, and encouraging residents to buy local, Michigan-based products.

In 2014, Slavens ran for the 7th district of the Michigan Senate, losing to Republican Senator Patrick Colbeck.

Michigan's 21st House of Representatives district
Michigan's 21st House of Representatives district (also referred to as Michigan's 21st House district) is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives located in part of Oakland County. The district was created in 1965, when the Michigan House of Representatives district naming scheme changed from a county-based system to a numerical one.
Cui Xuanwei
Cui Xuanwei (Chinese: 崔玄暐; 638–706), né Cui Ye (崔曄), posthumous name Prince Wenxian of Boling (博陵文獻王), was an official of China's Tang dynasty and Wu Zhou dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Wu Zetian and her son Emperor Zhongzong. He was a key figure in the coup (Shenlong Coup) that overthrew Wu Zetian and restored Emperor Zhongzong in 705. He was later exiled due to false accusations instigated by Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Sansi and died in exile.

Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given mainly to revered dead people in East Asian culture. It is predominantly used in Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan,  Malaysia and Thailand. Reflecting on the person's accomplishments or reputation, the title is assigned after death and essentially replaces the name used during life. Although most posthumous names are given to royalty, some posthumous names are given to honor significant people without hereditary titles, such as courtiers or military generals.

To create a posthumous name, one or more adjectives are inserted before the deceased's title. The name of the state or domain of the owner may be added to avoid ambiguity.
2000 Hamburg Masters – Singles
Gustavo Kuerten defeated Marat Safin in the final, 6–4, 5–7, 6–4, 5–7, 7–6(7–3) to win the singles tennis title at the 2000 Hamburg European Open.

Marcelo Ríos was the defending champion, but was defeated in the semifinals by Safin.

Gustavo Kuerten
Gustavo "Guga" Kuerten (Portuguese: [ɡusˈtavu ˈkiʁtẽ]; born 10 September 1976) is a Brazilian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals for 43 weeks, including as the year-end No. 1 in 2000. Kuerten won 20 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including three majors at the French Open in 1997, 2000, and 2001, as well as the 2000 Tennis Masters Cup. He also won eight doubles titles. Kuerten is regarded as one of the best Brazilian tennis players of all time. He was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2012. In 2016, Kuerten was a torch bearer for the Rio Olympics.
Shaky Isles
The Shaky Isles or Shaky Islands is a nickname for New Zealand. At one time this nickname was used in New Zealand itself, though its usage there is now seen as dated; it is still fairly widely used in Australia.

The name derived from New Zealand's frequent seismic activity. The islands lie on the margin of two colliding tectonic plates, the Pacific and Indo-Australian Plates. Earthquakes are common, particularly in the southwest of the South Island and in the central North Island, and the North Island's scenery is marked by several active and dormant volcanic cones.

The phrase is at worst only very mildly derogatory, and is usually only used humorously with no pejorative connotations.

The country records more than 14,000 earthquakes a year – but only about 150 are usually felt. Schoolchildren in the country regularly undertake earthquake drills.

Indo-Australian plate
The Indo-Australian plate is or was a major tectonic plate. It is in the process of separation into two or three plates, and may be currently separated into more than one plate. It contains the continent of Australia, its surrounding ocean and extends north-west to include the Indian subcontinent and the adjacent waters.
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on diabetes, metabolic syndromes, and obesity. The journal was established in 2008 and is published by Dove Medical Press.

Metabolic syndrome
Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of at least three of the following five medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. In the U.S., about 25% of the adult population has metabolic syndrome, a proportion increasing with age, particularly among racial and ethnic minorities.

Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and prediabetes are closely related to one another and have overlapping aspects. The syndrome is thought to be caused by an underlying disorder of energy utilization and storage, but the cause of the syndrome is an area of ongoing medical research. Researchers debate whether a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome implies differential treatment or increases risk of cardiovascular disease beyond what is suggested by the sum of its individual components.
Landmark Mall
Landmark Mall, also  Landmark Regional Shopping Center, was a shopping mall in Alexandria, Virginia. Located in a triangle formed by Duke Street (SR 236), I-395, and Van Dorn Street (SR 401), the mall opened as Landmark Center in 1965, closed in 2017, and was demolished in 2022. The mall was anchored by Sears, Lord & Taylor and Macy's.

Woodward & Lothrop
Woodward & Lothrop was a department store chain headquartered in Washington, D.C. that began as the capital's first department store in 1887. Woodies, as it was often nicknamed, maintained stores in the Mid-Atlantic United States. Its flagship store was a fixture of Washington, D.C.'s downtown shopping district, competing with Garfinckel's and acquiring Palais Royal. The chain filed for bankruptcy in January 1994 and completed liquidation in November 1995, with most locations were sold and converted into JCPenney. The flagship building is a D.C. historic landmark that became the center of controversy over competing visions for DC's urban renewal after the chain's demise, and the former service warehouse in the city's northeast is also listed as a landmark.
Tatiana Kutlíková
Tatiana Kutlíková (born 27 September 1972) is a Slovak former cross-country skier and biathlete. She was born in Ružomberok in Czechoslovakia. She competed in cross-country skiing from 1994 to 1997. Competing at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Kutlíková finished seventh in the 4 x 5 km relay and 35th in the 5 km + 10 km combined pursuit event, respectively overall and individually. She was the first woman to represent Slovakia at the Olympics.

Kutlíková's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was 23rd in the 30 km event at Thunder Bay, Ontario in 1995. Her best World Cup finish was 17th in a 30 km event in Slovakia in 1996.

Kutlíková's best career finish was ninth twice in an FIS race at the Czech Republic in the same weekend in 1997 (5 km, 10 km).

Ahead of the 1997–98 season, she switched to biathlon. She qualified for the Olympic team, and participated in Nagano as well as in Salt Lake City, after which she retired as an athlete.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1995
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1995 took place 9–19 March 1995 in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. This marked the second time the separate championships (not part of Winter Olympics) were held outside Europe (the first was in the US towns of Lake Placid, New York, and Rumford, Maine, in 1950). The Nordic combined team event was changed from a 3 × 10 km relay to a 4 × 5 km relay for these championships.
Geir Myhre
Geir Tore Myhre (7 April 1954 – 22 July 2016) was a Norwegian ice hockey player and coach. He played for the Norwegian national ice hockey team, and participated in the Winter Olympics in 1980 and 1984. Myrhe scored two goals in his Olympic ice hockey career, both against the United States: he gave Norway a 1–0 lead against the Americans in the first period of their 1980 match-up, only to watch Team USA come back to win 5-1 en route to the gold medal. Four years later, Myrhe scored in a 3–3 tie versus the USA.

Myrhe played for three Norwegian champion clubs, in 1976, 1982 and 1984, and was awarded Gullpucken as best Norwegian ice hockey player in 1980 and 1982. After retiring as a player, he coached the Norwegian national team from 1994 to 1996.

Gullpucken
Gullpucken (translit. the Golden puck) is awarded by the Norwegian Ice Hockey Federation (NIHF) to the best Norwegian ice hockey player each year. The award is subject to consideration which means it is not necessarily awarded every year. Its inception year was 1959, when Leif Solheim of Furuset became its first recipient. Patrick Thoresen was the last who received the award in 2009.

The NIHF also awards the Valemon trophy to the best Norwegian female ice hockey player.