hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
West Hararghe Zone
West Hararge (Oromo: Hararghe Dhiha) is a zone in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. West Hararghe takes its name from the former province of Hararghe. West Harerge is bordered on the south by the Shebelle River which separates it from Bale, on the southwest by Arsi, on the northwest by the Afar Region, on the north by the Somali Region and on the east by East Hararghe. Towns in West Hararghe include Chiro, Badessa, Gelemso, Mieso, and Asebot.

The highest point in this Zone is Mount Arba Gugu (3574 meters).

The Central Statistical Agency (CSA) reported that 8,364.00 tons of coffee were produced in West Hararghe in the year ending in 2005, based on inspection records from the Ethiopian Coffee and Tea authority. This represents 7.27% of the Region's output and 3.7% of Ethiopia's total output.

Afar Region
The Afar Region (/ˈɑːfɑːr/; Afar: Qafar Rakaakayak; Amharic: ዓፋር ክልል), formerly known as Region 2, is a regional state in northeastern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Afar people. Its capital is the planned city of Semera, which lies on the paved Awash–Assab highway. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north and Djibouti to the northeast; it also shares regional borders with the Tigray, Amhara, Oromo and Somali regions.

The Afar Triangle, the northern part of which is the Danakil Depression, is part of the Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia, and is located in the north of the region. It has the lowest point in Ethiopia and one of the lowest in Africa. The southern part of the region consists of the valley of the Awash River, which empties into a string of lakes along the Djibouti–Ethiopia border. Other notable landmarks include the Awash National Park.

Afar Region is a developing region of Ethiopia with a high rate of fertility.
Children of the Sun (role-playing game)
Children of the Sun is a dieselpunk tabletop role-playing game created by the now defunct Misguided Games, Inc. in 2002. Set on Krace, an island of giant, supernaturally tough trees, it was part of a generation of dieselpunk settings that appeared beginning in the late 1990s. Most notable about the game was its original Token System, which allowed the player to use a token to determine initiative and to interrupt other character's turns.

Game mechanics
In tabletop games and video games, game mechanics define how a game works for players. Game mechanics are the rules or ludemes that govern and guide player actions, as well as the game's response to them. A rule is an instruction on how to play, while a ludeme is an element of play, such as the L-shaped move of the knight in chess. The interplay of various mechanics determines the game's complexity and how the players interact with the game. All games use game mechanics; however, different theories disagree about their degree of importance to a game. The process and study of game design includes efforts to develop game mechanics that engage players.

Common examples of game mechanics include turn-taking, movement of tokens, set collection, bidding, capture, and spell slots.
George W. Sharp
George Winters Sharp (June 20, 1880 – October 24, 1954) was an American politician who served as the 16th Secretary of State of West Virginia as a member of the Republican party from March 4, 1925, until March 4, 1933.

Pocahontas County, West Virginia
Pocahontas County is a county located in the eastern part of the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,869. Its county seat is Marlinton. The county was established in 1821. It is named after the daughter of the Powhatan chief of the Native Americans in the United States who came from Jamestown, Virginia. She married an English settler, and their children became ancestors of many of the First Families of Virginia.

Pocahontas County is the home to the Green Bank Observatory and is part of the National Radio Quiet Zone.
Roberta Invernizzi
Roberta Invernizzi (born 1966, in Milan) is an Italian soprano. She originally studied piano and double bass before turning to singing.  She specialises in early music from the baroque and classical period of music.

She has sung in many operas in Italy, wider Europe and the US and has made over 60 recordings. Her recording of Handel's Cantate per il Cardinal Pamphili won the 2007 Stanley Sadie Handel Recording Prize.

In January 1999 she was invited by Gustav Leonhardt to sing in the inaugural concert of the New York Collegium.

Invernizzi currently teaches singing at the Centro di Musica Antica in Naples.

Gustav Leonhardt
Gustav Maria Leonhardt (30 May 1928 – 16 January 2012) was a Dutch keyboardist, conductor, musicologist, teacher and editor. He was a leading figure in the historically informed performance movement to perform music on period instruments.

Leonhardt professionally played many instruments, including the harpsichord, pipe organ, claviorganum (a combination of harpsichord and organ), clavichord, fortepiano, and piano. He also conducted orchestras and choruses.
Hoppstädten
Hoppstädten (German pronunciation: [ˈhɔpʃtɛtn̩]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken-Wolfstein.

Lauterecken-Wolfstein
Lauterecken-Wolfstein is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Kusel, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Lauterecken. It was formed on 1 July 2014 by the merger of the former Verbandsgemeinden Lauterecken and Wolfstein.

The Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken-Wolfstein consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

49°37′N 7°35′E﻿ / ﻿49.62°N 7.59°E﻿ / 49.62; 7.59
Ladislaus Kmoch
Ladislaus (Ludwig) Kmoch (1894-1971) was an Austrian cartoonist who published one of the first daily comic strips in Continental Europe, Tobias Seicherl for Das Kleine Blatt, a Social Democratic newspaper.  It was also the first Austrian daily comic strip and the first to use speech balloons. It ran from 1930 to 1939.

Kmoch served in the Wehrmacht as a mapmaker, among other roles, and was taken prisoner by the English towards the end of the war. He then worked briefly in a Viennese porcelain factory and resurrected Tobias Seicherl for several Viennese newspapers from 1958 to 1961.

Tobias Seicherl
Tobias Seicherl is the title character of a comic drawn by Viennese caricaturist Ladislaus Kmoch (alias Ludwig Kmoch, 1897–1971), a self-taught cartoonist. The comic appeared as a daily strip in the Austrian tabloid Das Kleine Blatt published by Vorwärts-Verlag from October 5, 1930. Tobias Seicherl can be regarded as the first continental European daily comic strip.

The comic strip has been written in Viennese and was one of the first European comics featuring balloons. ‘Seicherl’ has two meanings in Viennese, which are semantically connected. The original meaning of ‘small sieve’ later gave rise to the second meaning of 'weakling'; someone who lacks moral character - letting everything ‘sieve straight through’ them.
Ex on the Beach (British TV series) series 4
The fourth series of Ex on the Beach, a British television programme, began airing on 19 January 2016 on MTV. The series concluded on 8 March 2016 after eight episodes. The group of cast members for this series include Geordie Shore star Scotty T, and Judge Geordie guest Lewis Good. Star of Magaluf Weekender Jordan Davies also made his return to the series having appeared during the third series, as well as Megan McKenna from the previous series. The series was filmed in Portugal.

Whilst this series was airing, both Scotty T and Megan were both appearing in the seventeenth series or Celebrity Big Brother. Scotty T later went on to win the series. Olivia Walsh later returned to the fifth "all star" series, along with Jordan who returned to make his third appearance on the show. In 2017, Kieran Lee took part in the eighteenth series of Big Brother, but was evicted during the final week. Jordan Davies also took part in the twentieth series of Celebrity Big Brother in August 2017.

MTV (UK & Ireland)
MTV is a British and Irish pay television channel focusing on reality TV and music programming operated by Paramount Networks UK & Australia.

The channel launched as part of MTV Networks Europe localisation strategy in 1997. MTV UK (previously MTV UK & Ireland; MTV One) was launched on 1 July 1997. The channel was set up to provide audiences with local artists and more relevant music content. Prior to the localisation of MTV in Europe, the region was served by MTV Europe which was launched on 1 August 1987. Since February 2011 MTV has been solely an entertainment channel.

The channel is currently available in over 10 million homes in the UK and Ireland.
Škedenj
Škedenj (pronounced [ˈʃkɛːdən]) is a dispersed settlement in the Municipality of Slovenske Konjice in eastern Slovenia. It lies in the hills surrounding the valley of Žičnica Creek, also known as the Valley of Saint John the Baptist (Slovene: dolina svetega Janeza Krstnika) after the church at the Žiče Charterhouse further up the valley dedicated to John the Baptist on the left bank of the Dravinja River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Dravinja
The Dravinja (German: Drann, pronounced [dʁan] ⓘ) is the largest tributary of the Drava River in Slovenia. It is 73 kilometres (45 mi) long. Its source is on the Pohorje Massif southwest of Mount Rogla about 1,150 m above sea level. The river passes Zreče, the town of Slovenske Konjice, the ruins of the fort at Zbelovo, Poljčane, Makole, Štatenberg Castle, Majšperk, and Videm pri Ptuju, where it merges with the Drava. Its main tributary is the Polskava River.

The Dravinja is the best-preserved lowland river in Slovenia and has been protected as part of the European Natura 2000 network. In addition, the river is distinguished by the Pečnik Mill, which has been proclaimed an ethnological monument.
Josh Davis (basketball, born 1991)
Josh Davis (born January 22, 1991) is an American former professional basketball player who last played for Cyberdyne Ibaraki Robots in Japan.

Davis played his freshman year at NC State. Davis transferred to Tulane, where he averaged 17.6 points and 10.7 rebounds per game as a junior and was named to the First Team All-Conference USA. After the season he transferred again to San Diego State but did not have to sit out the season. He was nicknamed Kawhi 2.0 due to his resemblance of Kawhi Leonard and rebounding ability. In his only season at San Diego State, Davis averaged 10.1 rebounds and 7.7 points per game. After the season he signed with the San Antonio Spurs but never played for the team.

Ibaraki Robots
The Ibaraki Robots (茨城ロボッツ, Ibaraki Robottsu) are a Japanese professional basketball team based in Mito, Japan. They compete in the Eastern Conference of the First Division of the Japanese B.League. The team's name originates from its initial location in Tsukuba, Japan, which is well known for its scientific research laboratories and promotes itself as the "City of Robots."
Kleitomachos (athlete)
Kleitomachos (Greek: Κλειτόμαχος, variously also transliterated Cleitomachus or Clitomachus) was a Theban athlete considered a formidable boxer. His achievements were recounted by Pausanias, who notes that he won the pankration and boxing at the 141st and 140th Olympiad in 216 and 212BC respectively, the pankration at three Pythian Games, and the wrestling, boxing, and pankration at an Isthmian Games all on the same day. This latter achievement, victory in all three so-called "downing" events, was regarded as especially impressive, and was only achieved by one other athlete (Theagenes of Thasos). Centuries later, Aelian praised Kleitomachos for his temperance, holding it to be the key to his athletic prowess. In particular, he noted Kleitomachos' abstinence from sex, saying that he would even avert his eyes if he saw two dogs coupling.

Pythian Games
The Pythian Games (Ancient Greek: Τὰ Πύθια, romanized: Ta Pythia) were one of the four Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. Founded circa the 6th century BCE, the festival was held in honor of the god Apollo and took place at his sanctuary in Delphi to commemorate the mytho-historic slaying of Python and the establishment of the Oracle at Delphi. The Pythian Games took place every four years, two years after the Olympic Games, and between each Nemean and Isthmian Games. They continued until the 4th century AD.

The Pythian Games, which were ranked second in importance behind the Olympics, primarily and originally focused on competitions for art and dance. As the Pythian Games evolved over time athletic events were added and some events allowed for the participation of women.
HERC5
E3 ISG15–protein ligase HERC5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HERC5 gene.

This gene is a member of the HERC family of ubiquitin ligases and encodes a protein with a HECT domain and five RCC1 repeats. Pro-inflammatory cytokines upregulate expression of this gene in endothelial cells. The protein localizes to the cytoplasm and perinuclear region and functions as an interferon-induced E3 protein ligase that mediates ISGylation of protein targets. The gene lies in a cluster of HERC family genes on chromosome 4. HERC5 has been shown to exhibit antiviral activity towards HIV-1, influenza A virus and human papillomavirus.

Gene cluster
A gene cluster is a group of two or more genes found within an organism's DNA that encode similar polypeptides or proteins which collectively share a generalized function and are often located within a few thousand base pairs of each other. The size of gene clusters can vary significantly, from a few genes to several hundred genes. Portions of the DNA sequence of each gene within a gene cluster are found to be identical; however, the protein encoded by each gene is distinct from the proteins encoded by the other genes within the cluster. Gene clusters often result from expansions of a single gene caused by repeated duplication events, and may be observed near one another on the same chromosome or on different, but homologous chromosomes. An example of a gene cluster is the Hox gene, which is made up of eight genes and is part of the Homeobox gene family.
Sebitti
The Sebitti or Sebittu are a group of seven minor war gods in Neo-Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian and especially Assyrian tradition. They also appear in sources from Emar. Multiple different interpretations of the term occur in Mesopotamian literature.

Akkadian literature
Akkadian literature is the ancient literature written in the East Semitic Akkadian language (Assyrian and Babylonian dialects) in Mesopotamia (Akkad, Assyria, and Babylonia) during the period spanning the Middle Bronze Age to the Iron Age (roughly the 25th to 4th centuries BC).

Drawing on the traditions of Sumerian literature, the Akkadians, Assyrians, and Babylonians compiled a substantial textual tradition of mythological narrative, legal texts, scientific works, letters and other literary forms. Conversely, Akkadian also influenced Sumerian literature.
Leigh Tesfatsion
Leigh Tesfatsion is a computational economist who taught at Iowa State University. She received her doctorate at the University of Minnesota, and taught at the University of Southern California before moving to Iowa State. She is known for promoting agent-based models as an alternative to rational expectations general equilibrium models for studying markets, finance, and macroeconomic phenomena. Her works are widely cited in the literature on the subject.

Computational economics
Computational or algorithmic economics is an interdisciplinary field combining computer science and economics to efficiently solve computationally-expensive problems in economics. Some of these areas are unique, while others established areas of economics by allowing robust data analytics and solutions of problems that would be arduous to research without computers and associated numerical methods.

Major advances in computational economics include search and matching theory, game theory, the theory of linear programming, algorithmic mechanism design, and fair division algorithms.
Oscar Mayer
Oscar Mayer is an American meat and cold cut producer known for its hot dogs, bologna, bacon, ham, and Lunchables products. The company is a subsidiary of the Kraft Heinz Company and based in Chicago, Illinois.

Altria
Altria Group, Inc. is an American corporation and one of the world's largest producers and marketers of tobacco, cigarettes, and medical products in the treatment of illnesses caused by tobacco. It operates worldwide and is headquartered in the city of Richmond, Virginia.

Altria is the parent company of Philip Morris USA, John Middleton, Inc., U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company, Inc., Philip Morris Capital Corporation, and NJOY Holdings, Inc. Altria also maintains large minority stakes in Belgium-based brewer AB InBev and the Canadian cannabis company Cronos Group. It is a component of the S&P 500 and was a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average from 1985 to 2008, dropping due to spin-offs of Kraft Foods Inc. in 2007 and Philip Morris International in 2008.
Anti-Jo1
Anti-Jo1 is an anti-nuclear antibody.

Anti-Jo1 has been associated with inflammatory myopathies such as polymyositis, dermatomyositis and antisynthetase syndrome.

It has histidine-tRNA ligase as a target.

Inflammatory myopathy
Inflammatory myopathy, also known as idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), is disease featuring muscle weakness, inflammation of muscles (myositis), and in some types, muscle pain (myalgia). The cause of much inflammatory myopathy is unknown (idiopathic), and such cases are classified according to their symptoms and signs, electromyography, MRI, and laboratory findings. It can also be associated with underlying cancer. The main classes of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy are polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM) (including juvenile, amyopathic, and sine-dermatitis form), inclusion-body myositis (IBM), immune-mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM), and focal autoimmune myositis.
Blaine Vess
Blaine Vess is an American entrepreneur, founder, and investor. He has sold two companies, Student Brands and Solve, and has served as an executive producer on several documentaries such as Beyond Utopia and XY Chelsea. Vess has also been an investor in startups.

North Central College
North Central College is a private college in Naperville, Illinois, United States. It is affiliated with the United Methodist Church and has 73 undergraduate majors of study, 17 minors, 25 graduate programs, and 4 certificate programs offered by four undergraduate colleges/schools (College of Arts and Sciences, School of Business and Entrepreneurship, School of Education and Health Sciences, Shimer Great Books School) and one School of Graduate and Professional Studies.
Carcajou et le péril blanc
Carcajou et le péril blanc (Innu: Kauapishit Miam Kuakuatshen Etentakuess) is a Canadian series of documentary films, directed by Arthur Lamothe and released between 1973 and 1976. Profiling the Innu people of northern Quebec, the films were among the first in the history of cinema to depict indigenous peoples speaking their own languages.

The films have also been packaged with Lamothe's later La Terre de l'homme series as a larger Chronique des Indiens du Nord-Est du Québec.

The second film in the series, Ntesi Nana Shepen (On disait que c'était notre terre), won the Association québécoise des critiques de cinéma's Prix L.-E.-Ouimet-Molson for 1975.

Association québécoise des critiques de cinéma
The Association québécoise des critiques de cinéma (AQCC) is a Canadian organization of film critics from Quebec.

Formed in 1973, the organization currently presents two annual awards: the Prix Luc-Perreault for best Quebec film of the year and an award for best international film of the year, It also sponsors awards at various Quebec film festivals, including the Fantasia Film Festival, the Saguenay International Short Film Festival, the Montreal International Documentary Festival, and the Festival du nouveau cinéma.

The organization's current president is Claire Valade, a critic for the film journals Panorama-cinéma and Séquences.

In 2013, the organization celebrated its 40th anniversary by sponsoring a special screening series of classic Quebec films at the Cinémathèque québécoise.
Error-driven learning
In reinforcement learning, error-driven learning is a method for adjusting a model's (intelligent agent's) parameters based on the difference between its output results and the ground truth. These models stand out as they depend on environmental feedback, rather than explicit labels or categories. They are based on the idea that language acquisition involves the minimization of the prediction error (MPSE). By leveraging these prediction errors, the models consistently refine expectations and decrease computational complexity.  Typically, these algorithms are operated by the GeneRec algorithm.

Error-driven learning has widespread applications in cognitive sciences and computer vision. These methods have also found successful application in natural language processing (NLP), including areas like part-of-speech tagging, parsing, named entity recognition (NER), machine translation (MT), speech recognition (SR), and dialogue systems.

Dialogue system
A dialogue system, or conversational agent (CA), is a computer system intended to converse with a human. Dialogue systems employ one or more of text, speech, graphics, haptics, gestures, and other modes for communication on both the input and output channel.

The elements of a dialogue system are not defined because this idea is under research; however, they are different from chatbots. The typical GUI wizard engages in a sort of dialogue, but it includes very few of the common dialogue system components, and the dialogue state is trivial.
WASP-2
WASP-2 is a binary star system located about 496 light-years away in the Delphinus constellation.
The primary is a magnitude 12 orange dwarf star, orbited by a red dwarf star on a wide orbit. The star system shows an infrared excess noise of unknown origin.

The primary star hosts one known exoplanet, WASP-2b. Since the planet transits the star, the star is classified as a planetary transit variable and has received the variable star designation V357 Delphini.

Methods of detecting exoplanets
Methods of detecting exoplanets usually rely on indirect strategies – that is, they do not directly image the planet but deduce its existence from another signal. Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star. For example, a star like the Sun is about a billion times as bright as the reflected light from any of the planets orbiting it. In addition to the intrinsic difficulty of detecting such a faint light source, the glare from the parent star washes it out. For those reasons, very few of the exoplanets reported as of June 2025 have been detected directly, with even fewer being resolved from their host star.
Norbert Buske
Norbert Buske (2 January 1936 – 20 October 2023) was a German theologian and politician. A member of the Christian Democratic Union, he served in the Landtag of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern from 1990 to 1994.

Buske died on 20 October 2023, at the age of 87.

Landtag of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
The Landtag of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is the people's representative body or the state parliament of the German federal state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

The Landtag convenes in Schwerin and currently consists of 79 members of six parties. The current majority is a red-red coalition of the Social Democratic Party and The Left, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Manuela Schwesig. The main functions of the Landtag are the election of the Minister-President and the passage of laws controlling the state government.