hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Homosexual Law Reform Act 1986
The Homosexual Law Reform Act 1986 is a New Zealand Act of Parliament that broadly legalised consensual sexual practices between men as well as consensual anal sex regardless of partners' gender. It removed the provisions of the Crimes Act 1961 that criminalised this behaviour. The legislation established a uniform age of consent, setting it at 16 for both same-sex and opposite-sex partners.

Before Homosexual Law Reform, male homosexual acts had faced severe legal penalties in New Zealand, evolving from capital punishment to life imprisonment and hard labour. Despite initial attempts at decriminalisation in the 1970s, it was not until the landmark 1986 Act that consensual same-sex activities were decriminalised, marking a significant progressive shift in the country's approach to LGBT rights.

Capital punishment for homosexuality
Capital punishment as a criminal punishment for homosexuality has been implemented by a number of countries in their history. It is a legal punishment in several countries and regions, all of which have Islamic-based criminal laws, except for Uganda.

Gay people also face extrajudicial killings by state and non-state actors in some regions of the world. Locations where this is known to occur include Iraq, Nigeria, Egypt, Turkmenistan, Uganda, and Chechnya.

Imposition of the death penalty for homosexuality may be classified as judicial murder of gay people.
Bonnie Falls
Bonnie Falls, also called Scappoose Falls is a small waterfall located in Columbia County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. The waterfall is known for a fish ladder that bypasses the waterfall to assist fish navigate the waterfall.

Bonnie Falls is located off of Highway 30, west of the small town of Scappoose.

U.S. Route 30 in Oregon
U.S. Route 30 (US 30) in the U.S. state of Oregon is a major east–west United States Numbered Highway that runs from its western terminus in Astoria to the Idaho border east of Ontario. West of Portland, US 30 generally follows the southern shore of the Columbia River; east of Portland, the highway has largely been replaced with Interstate 84 (I-84), though it is signed all the way across the state, and diverges from the I-84 mainline in several towns as a de facto business route. (The state of Oregon does not sign Interstate business routes; instead, it uses the designations US 30 and Oregon Route 99 [OR 99; along the I-5 corridor] for this purpose.) At 477.02 miles (767.69 km), it is also the longest road in the state.
Wushu at the 2010 Asian Games – Men's sanshou 60 kg
The men's sanshou 60 kilograms competition at the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China was held from 14 November to 17 November at the Nansha Gymnasium.

A total of sixteen competitors from sixteen countries competed in this event, limited to fighters whose body weight was less than 60 kilograms.

Mohsen Mohammadseifi from Iran won the gold medal after beating Kim Jun-yul of South Korea in gold medal bout 2–0, Mohammadseifi won the first period 5–0 and finished the match in 2nd period by two fall-offs. The bronze medal was shared by M. Bimoljit Singh from India and Nguyễn Minh Thông of Vietnam.

Athletes from Laos, Nepal, Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan shared the fifth place.

Mohsen Mohammadseifi
Mohsen Mohammadseifi (Persian: محسن محمدسیفی, born 8 September 1989 in Zanjan) is an Iranian mixed martial artist and wushu athlete currently competing in the Professional Fighters League. He previously competed for the Bahrain-based Brave Combat Federation.

He won the gold medal at the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou and 2014 Asian Games in Incheon, South Korea. He won the 1st place at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta, Indonesia. He won 5 wushu world championships gold medals between 2011 and 2019. He has been appointed as the new head of the Wushu Board in the city of Zanjan, Iran.
Mohd Suffian Yusoff
Mohd Suffian bin Yusoff is a Malaysian politician and academic who has served as Member of the Kedah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Bandar Baharu since August 2023. He is a member of Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), a component party of Perikatan Nasional (PN).

Kedah State Legislative Assembly
The Kedah State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Undangan Negeri Kedah) is the state legislature of the Malaysian state of Kedah. It is a unicameral institution, consisting of a total of 36 lawmakers representing single-member constituencies throughout the state.

Members of the unicameral state legislature are called state assemblymen. The Legislative Assembly building is located at the Wisma Darul Aman in the state capital, Alor Setar.

Out of the 36 seats, 33 are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) ruling coalition after the 2023 state election. Thus, the PN coalition  commands a two-thirds supermajority in the assembly. Meanwhile, Pakatan Harapan (PH) that comprises People's Justice Party (PKR) holds just 2 seats, followed by Democratic Action Party (DAP) which retain only single seat.
Algidia chiltoni oconnori
Algidia chiltoni oconnori is a subspecies in the genus Algidia in the harvestman family Triaenonychidae. It is found the lower North Island of New Zealand. Only male specimens are known, leading Ray Forster to speculate that it could be a second male form of Algidia chiltoni chiltoni even though  male dimorphism (two forms of male) is unknown in Algidia.

Pedipalp
Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi) are the secondary pair of forward appendages among chelicerates – a group of arthropods including spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. The pedipalps are lateral to the chelicerae ("jaws") and anterior to the first pair of walking legs.
Ernie Jury
Ernest Jury (19 April 1872 – 6 June 1966), also known as Nipper Jury, was a New Zealand lawn bowls player who won a gold medal in the men's fours at the 1938 British Empire Games. He also won two national lawn bowls titles.

Lawn bowls at the 1938 British Empire Games
Lawn bowls at the 1938 British Empire Games was the third appearance of the Lawn bowls at the Commonwealth Games.

Competition took place at the Waverley Bowls Club in Waverley, Sydney, Australia, from 7 to 9 February 1938.

Horace Harvey won the singles going undefeated, New Zealand won the pairs and fours (the latter after a gold medal play off).

New Zealand topped the medal table by winning two of the three gold medals available.
Henry Lovel, 8th Baron Morley
Henry Lovel (or Lovell), 8th Baron Morley (died 1489) was an English peer and translator, Lord of Morley, Hingham, Hockering, &c., in Norfolk.

He was the son of Alianore Lovel, 7th Baroness Morley, née Morley, (1442–1476) and her husband Sir William Lovel (died 1476), who was Baron Morley in her right.

He married Lady Elizabeth de la Pole (c. 1468 – aft. 1489), daughter of John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk and wife Elizabeth Plantagenet, sister of Edward IV and Richard III, but had no children from this marriage. He was succeeded by his sister Alice Parker, 9th Baroness Morley, née Lovel (c. 1467 – 1518).

He died Dixmude in 1489, where he was fighting in support of Maximilian, King of the Romans.

Diksmuide
Diksmuide (Dutch: [dɪksˈmœydə] ⓘ; French: Dixmude [diksmyd]; West Flemish: Diksmude) is a Belgian city and municipality in the Flemish province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Diksmuide proper and the former communes of Beerst, Esen, Kaaskerke, Keiem, Lampernisse, Leke, Nieuwkapelle, Oostkerke, Oudekapelle, Pervijze, Sint-Jacobs-Kapelle, Stuivekenskerke, Vladslo and Woumen.

Most of the area west of the city is a polder riddled with drainage trenches. The major economic activity of the region is dairy farming, producing the famous butter of Diksmuide.
Mohammad Yusef the Painter
Mohammad Yusef the Painter (Persian: محمد یوسف نگارگر) was a Safavid era Persian painter of the Isfahan school. He was an apprentice of Reza Abbasi. The Shahnameh of Rashida is attributed to him. It seems that he and Mohammad Qasem were close co-workers, as their names are usually mentioned together. The Windsor Shahnameh (also known as the Shahnameh of Qarachaqay Khan) contains 148 or 149 miniatures, all of them are attributed to Mohammad Yusef and Mohammad Qasem, except the first two miniatures. The miniatures of this Shahnameh are very similar to the miniatures of the Shahnameh of Rashida, and therefore it has been suggested that these manuscripts of Shahnameh have been prepared by same painters.

Qarachaqay Khan
Qarachaqay Khan (Persian: قرچغای خان; died 1625) was a military commander of Armenian origin in Safavid Iran. He was known for his great collection of porcelain items and loyal service to Abbas the Great. Qarachaqay Khan was killed while commanding an expedition against Georgian rebels.
Historic counties of Wales
The historic counties of Wales (Welsh: siroedd hynafol) were the thirteen sub-divisions used in Wales from 1535 up to their abolition in 1974 when they were replaced by eight larger administrative counties (which in turn were replaced with the current twenty-two). They were used for various functions for several hundred years, with some dating to 1282, but for administrative purposes have been superseded by contemporary sub-national divisions, some of which bear some limited similarity to the historic entities in name and extent. They are alternatively known as ancient counties.

Subdivisions of Wales
The subdivisions of Wales constitute a hierarchy of administrative divisions and non-administrative ceremonial areas.

For the purposes of local government, the country is divided into principal areas, of either counties or county boroughs, and communities.
The current system is the result of incremental reform which has its origins in legislation enacted in 1972 and 1994.
Showa Steel Works
The Shōwa  Steel Works (昭和製鋼所, Shōwa  Seikōsho) (Hanyu Pinyin: Zhāohé Zhìgāngsuǒ; Wade–Giles: Chao1-ho2 Chih4-kang1-so3) was a Japanese government-sponsored steel mill that was one of the showpieces of the industrialization program for Manchukuo in the late 1930s.

Steel mill
A steel mill or steelworks is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel. It may be an integrated steel works carrying out all steps of steelmaking from smelting iron ore to rolled product, but may also be a plant where steel semi-finished casting products are made from molten pig iron or from scrap.
University, Minneapolis
University is a community in Minneapolis. It is composed of seven smaller neighborhoods. It also contains the University of Minnesota campus. Most of the community is commonly referred to as Southeast Minneapolis due street names with a SE suffix.

The University community contains most of Minneapolis City Council Ward 2, currently represented by Robin Wonsley. It also contains pieces of Wards 1, 3, and 6, represented by Elliott Payne, Michael Rainville, and Jamal Osman, respectively. In the Minnesota Legislature, it contains district 60B and parts of districts 59B and 60A.

Jamal Osman (politician)
Jamal Osman is an American politician. A member of Minnesota's Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party, has served in the Minneapolis City Council since his 2020 election, representing the 6th ward. Since 2026, he has been the council's vice president. Ward 6 includes Cedar-Riverside, Elliot Park, Stevens Square, much of Phillips, and parts of Seward.
Society for Epidemiologic Research
The Society for Epidemiologic Research (abbreviated SER) is a learned society dedicated to epidemiology. It was originally proposed in 1967 by Abraham Lilienfeld, Milton Terris, and Brian MacMahon, and was founded the following year. Their motivation in founding SER was to provide an annual meeting where junior faculty in epidemiology departments and graduate students could present their ongoing research to senior epidemiologists and receive criticism, comments, and encouragement. An additional goal was to promote the exchange of ideas between epidemiologists and statisticians.

Since 1968, SER has grown and its current membership is approximately 2000 individuals. The mission of SER today is "to keep epidemiologists at the vanguard of scientific developments".

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
David Burke (boxer)
David Burke (born 3 February 1975 in Liverpool, Merseyside) is an English boxer who won the bronze medal in the Men's Featherweight (– 57 kg) division at the 1996 European Amateur Boxing Championships in Vejle, Denmark.

Nicknamed Burkey, Burke represented Great Britain at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. There he was stopped in the first round of the Men's Featherweight division by Germany's Falk Huste. He was affiliated with the Salisbury Amateur Boxing Club.

Vejle
Vejle (Danish pronunciation: [ˈvɑjlə]) is a city in Denmark, in the southeast of the Jutland Peninsula at the head of Vejle Fjord, where the Vejle River and Grejs River and their valleys converge.  It is the site of the councils of Vejle Municipality (kommune) and the Region of Southern Denmark. The city has a population of 62,011 (As of January 1. 2025), making it the ninth largest city in Denmark. 
Vejle Municipality has a population of 122,433 (as of January 2025), making it the fifth most populous municipality in Denmark. The city is part of the Triangle Region, which includes the neighbouring cities of Kolding and Fredericia. Vejle is located 110 kilometres (68 miles) north of Germany, 70 kilometres  (43,5 miles) from Aarhus and 240 kilometres (149 miles) from the capital Copenhagen.

Vejle is most known for its forested hills, wetlands, Vejle fjord, harbour, shopping, pedestrian street, windmill, and newly built award winning architecture.
Diminuendo and Crescendo in Blue
"Diminuendo and Crescendo in Blue" is a jazz composition written in 1937 by Duke Ellington and recorded for the first time on May 15, 1937, by the Duke Ellington Orchestra with Wallace Jones, Cootie Williams (trumpet), Rex Stewart (cornet), Barney Bigard (clarinet), Johnny Hodges, Otto Hardwick (alto saxophone), Lawrence Brown, Joe Nanton (trombone), Harry Carney (clarinet, baritone saxophone), Sonny Greer(drums), Wellman Braud (bass), Freddie Guy (guitar), and Duke Ellington (piano). No tenor saxophone was present in this recording section, nor in "Crescendo in Blue", which was recorded the same day.

In its early form, the two individual pieces, "Diminuendo in Blue" and "Crescendo in Blue", were recorded on opposite sides of a 78 rpm record. The 1956 performance at the Newport Jazz Festival revitalized Ellington's career, making newspaper headlines when seated audience members chaotically began rising to dance and stand on their chairs during Paul Gonsalves's tenor saxophone solo.

Wallace Jones
Wallace Clayton "Wah Wah" Jones (July 14, 1926 – July 27, 2014) was an American professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1949 to 1952 with the Indianapolis Olympians.
Round Top Mountain
Round Top Mountain is a mountain located at the western end of the Sierra Blanca area in Hudspeth County, Texas near the town of Sierra Blanca. The area includes the Finlay Mountains, Triple Hill, and Sierra Blanca quadrangles as well as parts of the Fort Quitman and McNary quadrangles. Round Top Mountain is known for containing deposits of beryllium as well as the largest deposit of heavy rare-earth elements in the United States.

Sierra Blanca, Texas
Sierra Blanca is a census-designated place (CDP) in, and the county seat of, Hudspeth County, Texas, United States. The town is part of the Trans-Pecos region of far West Texas, is located northeast of the Mexican border and is within the Mountain Time Zone. As of the 2020 census, its population was 315.

The town accommodates travelers between Van Horn and El Paso along Interstate 10, which is the main route that connects Texas from west to southeast. The town was named for the nearby Sierra Blanca Mountain, which was in turn named for the white poppies that grew there (sierra blanca is Spanish for "white mountain").  The letters "SB" can be seen on a nearby mountain from Interstate 10.
Émile Royer
Émile Royer (27 April 1866 – 16 May 1916) was a Belgian socialist politician and member of the Chamber of Representatives.

Royer obtained a law degree at the Free University of Brussels on 4 November 1887 and soon began practicing law in Brussels. In 1903 he represented the anarchist Gennaro Rubino at his trial for having attempted to assassinate King Leopold II the previous year.

Royer had joined the Belgian Workers' Party in 1894, and in 1908 was elected a member of parliament for the Tournai-Ath constituency. Royer became a leader of the Walloon Movement and strongly opposed the annexationist policies of Belgian nationalists such as Pierre Nothomb, Fernand Neuray, and Maurice des Ombiaux. Royer died in Paris on 16 May 1916.

Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)
The Chamber of Representatives (Dutch: Kamer van Volksvertegenwoordigers; French: Chambre des représentants; German: Abgeordnetenkammer) is one of the two chambers in the bicameral Federal Parliament of Belgium, the other being the Senate. It is considered to be the "lower house" of the Federal Parliament.
Martín Kohan
Martín Kohan (born 1967) is an Argentine academic, essayist and novelist. He was born and raised in Buenos Aires. He teaches literary theory at the University of Buenos Aires and the University of Patagonia. He has published more than a dozen books in various genres - essays, short stories and novels. His best-known novel is Ciencias morales which won the Premio Herralde and was turned into a film called La mirada invisible by the director Diego Lerman. His work has been translated into English, French, Italian, German and Hebrew. Two of his novels are available in English: School for Patriots and Seconds Out. Both were translated by Nick Caistor under the Serpent's Tail imprint.

Literary theory
Literary theory is the systematic study of the nature of literature and of the methods for literary analysis. Since the 19th century, literary scholarship includes literary theory and considerations of intellectual history, moral philosophy, social philosophy, and interdisciplinary themes relevant to how people interpret meaning. In the humanities in modern academia, the latter style of literary scholarship is an offshoot of post-structuralism. Consequently, the word theory became an umbrella term for scholarly approaches to reading texts, some of which are informed by strands of semiotics, cultural studies, philosophy of language, and continental philosophy, often witnessed within Western canon along with some postmodernist theory.
Sōka
Sōka (草加市, Sōka-shi) is a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2021, the city had an estimated population of 249,645 in 118,129 households and a population density of 9100 persons per km². The total area of the city is 27.46 square kilometres (10.60 sq mi).

Cities of Japan
A city (市, shi) is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as towns (町, machi) and villages (村, mura), with the difference that they are not a component of districts (郡, gun). Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947.
2014–15 Hawaii Rainbow Warriors basketball team
The 2014–15 Hawaii Rainbow Warriors basketball team represented the University of Hawaii at Manoa during the 2014–15 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Rainbow Warriors, led by interim head coach Benjy Taylor, played their home games at the Stan Sheriff Center as members of the Big West Conference. On October 28, 2014, Gib Arnold was removed as coach at Hawaii following an NCAA investigation. Assistant Benjy Taylor was named interim head coach. Despite a 22 win season and being the runner up in their conference tournament, the Warriors didn't play in a postseason tournament. Taylor was not retained after the season.

Benjy Taylor
Otto Benjamin Taylor Jr. (born August 21, 1967) is an American college basketball coach, currently head coach for Tuskegee. He is a former head men's basketball coach at Chicago State University and former interim head coach at the University of Hawaii.
Etruscan vase painting
Etruscan vase painting was produced from the 7th through the 4th centuries BC, and is a major element in Etruscan art. It was strongly influenced by Greek vase painting, and followed the main trends in style over the period. Besides being producers in their own right, the Etruscans were the main export market for Greek pottery outside Greece, and some Greek painters probably moved to Etruria, where richly decorated vases were a standard element of grave inventories.

Falerii
Falerii is a village in the municipality of Fabrica di Roma in the Province of Viterbo, Italy. Its name is better known for two nearby ancient cities, Falerii Veteres (old Falerii) and Falerii Novi (new Falerii).

Falerii Veteres, now Civita Castellana, was one of the chief cities of the duodecim populi of ancient Etruria. The site is about 2 km west of the course of the Via Flaminia, some 50 km north of Rome.

It was the main city of the Falisci, a people whose language was Faliscan and was part of the Latino-Faliscan language group. The Ager Faliscus (Faliscan Country), which included the towns of Capena, Nepet, and Sutrium, was close to the Monti Cimini.
Anadoluhisarı, Beykoz
Anadoluhisarı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Beykoz, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,612 (2022). It is on the coast of the Bosporus Strait. It takes its name from Anadolu Hisarı fortress, built by Ottoman Sultan Bayezid the Thunderbolt in 1395 CE in preparation for the Conquest of Constantinople. Rumeli Hisarı fortress lies on the opposite shore. Kanlıca and the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge lie to the north and Kandilli to the south.

Goksu Stream flows into the Strait right next to the fortress. The old meadow area between Göksu Stream and Küçüksu Stream flowing into the sea in the south is called Küçüksu Meadow. A landmark of the area is Küçüksu Pavilion, commissioned by Sultan Abdulmejid I and designed by Nikoğos Balyan. Right next to the pavilion is the Mihrişah Valide Sultan Fountain, also known as the Küçüksu Fountain.

Among the important buildings of Anadoluhisarı are Amcazade Mansion and Zarif Mustafa Pasha Mansion.

Beykoz
Beykoz (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈbejkoz]) is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 310 km2, and its population is 247,875 (2022). It lies at the northern end of the Bosphorus on the Anatolian side. The name is believed to be a combination of the words bey and kos, which means "village" in Farsi. Beykoz includes an area from the streams of Küçüksu and Göksu (just before Anadoluhisarı) to the opening of the Bosphorus into the Black Sea, and the villages in the hinterland as far as the Riva creek. Before the Turkish alphabet reform of 1928, it was sometimes Latinized variously as Beicos or Beikos.