hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 Sabha conflict
The 2012 Sabha conflict started in the aftermath of the Libyan civil war, and involved armed clashes between the Tubu and Abu Seif tribes in Sabha, a city of almost 100,000 in the region of Fezzan, Libya. It happened after February 2012 clashes in Kufra, that involved the Tubu people, too. On 27 March, Jomode Elie Getty charged the clashes as "genocide". A Paris-based Tabu official, Jomode Elie Getty, who was an official with the NTC but resigned on Tuesday, accused the NTC of siding with Arabs in attacks on Tabu tribesmen. He called for U.N. intervention.

Issa Abdel Majit Monsur, the head of the Tubu tribe in Libya, announced the reactivation of the "Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya", an opposition group that was already active during the rule of Muammar Gaddafi. He also announced the possibility of separatist activities. A ceasefire was announced, and as of 1 April the violence had stopped.

Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya
The Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya (Arabic: جبهة التبو لإنقاذ ليبيا, romanized: Jibhat al-tibū li-inqādh Lībiyā; French: Front Toubou pour la Salut de la Libye) is a group created in mid-2007 to defend the rights and interests of the Toubou people in Libya. It is led by Jomode Eli Getty  and Issa Abdel Majid Mansur, in France 2 activist Libyan Toubou tribal leader, and has its headquarters in Oslo, Norway. The group, which had participated in the Libyan Civil War on the NTC side, was disbanded in August 2011, with the fall of Tripoli.

The group was revived in March 2012, with the aim of "protecting the Toubou from ethnic cleansing", following the early 2012 deadly clashes between Toubou and Arab militias in southern Libya, which caused the loss of hundreds of lives.
Callulops doriae
Callulops doriae is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea and occurs in the eastern mainland Papua New Guinea and in Tagula Island, Louisiade Archipelago. It is the type species of the genus Callulops erected by George Albert Boulenger in 1888. Common name Doria's callulops frog has been coined for this species.

Tagula Island
Vanatinai Island (also called Tagula and Sudest, for the names of the extreme capes of the island) is a volcanic island in the southeast of the Louisiade Archipelago within Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. The reef-fringed island is approximately 360 kilometres (224 miles) southeast of New Guinea and 30 kilometres (19 miles) south of Misima. With an area of 830 square kilometres (320.5 square miles), it is the largest island of the archipelago. Tagula town, the main settlement, is located on the northwest coast. The population was 3,628 as of 2014. The principal export is copra.
Francisco Ortíz (diver)
Francisco Ortiz Martín (27 May 1899 – 1 May 1951) was a Spanish diver. A member of Bahía de Alicante swimming club, he competed in the men's plain high diving event at the 1924 Summer Olympics, where he finished in 28th position.

Diving at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's plain high diving
The men's plain high diving, also reported as plongeons de haut vol ordinaires (English: regular high diving), was one of five diving events on the diving at the 1924 Summer Olympics programme. The competition was actually held from both 10 metre and 5 metre platforms. The competitors performed four times a forward plain dive: two from the 10 metre and two from the 5 metre platforms. The competition was held on Monday 14 July 1924, and Tuesday 15 July 1924. Twenty-five divers from ten nations competed.
Methyl formate
Methyl formate, also called methyl methanoate, is the methyl ester of formic acid. It has the chemical formula HCOOCH3. The simplest example of a carboxylate ester, it is a colourless liquid with an ethereal odour, high vapor pressure, and low surface tension. It is a precursor to many other compounds of commercial interest.

Methanol
Methanol (also called methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the chemical formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH). It is a light, volatile, colorless and flammable liquid with a distinctive alcoholic odor similar to that of ethanol (potable alcohol), but is more acutely toxic than the latter.
Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced through destructive distillation of wood. Today, methanol is mainly produced industrially by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide.

Methanol consists of a methyl group linked to a polar hydroxyl group. With more than 20 million tons produced annually, it is used as a precursor to other commodity chemicals, including formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl benzoate, anisole, peroxyacids, as well as a host of more specialized chemicals.
The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries
The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries (French: Napoléon dans son cabinet de travail aux Tuileries) is an 1812 painting by Jacques-Louis David. It shows Napoleon I, Emperor of the French in uniform in his study at the Tuileries Palace. Despite the detail, it is unlikely that Napoleon posed for the portrait.

It was a private commission from the Scottish nobleman and admirer of Napoleon, Alexander Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton in 1811 and completed in 1812. Originally shown at Hamilton Palace, it was sold to Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery in 1882, from whom it was bought by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation in 1954, which deposited it in Washington D.C.'s National Gallery of Art, where it now hangs.

Samuel Henry Kress
Samuel Henry Kress (July 23, 1863 – September 22, 1955) was a businessman, philanthropist, and founder of the S. H. Kress & Co. five and ten cent store chain.  With his fortune, Kress amassed one of the most significant collections of Italian Renaissance and European artwork assembled in the 20th century.  In the 1950s and 1960s, a foundation established by Kress would donate 776 works of art from the Kress collection to 18 regional art museums in the United States.
Coloma Road, Rescue
Coloma Road in Rescue, California is a historical road in El Dorado County, California.  A Historical Landmark was built at 4222 Green Valley Road in Rescue, California at the Rescue Junction General Store. The old Coloma Road opened in 1847, it ran from Sutter's Fort to the city of Coloma. James W. Marshall traveled the road to tell of his gold find to Captain John A. Sutter. During the 49ers miners gold rush thousands of miners traveled the road heading out to look for gold and claims. California's first stage line, California Stage Company, traveled the road starting in 1849, the line was founded by James E. Birch.

There is a second Coloma Road Historical Landmark Marker, No. 748. The No. 748 marker is in the Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park's Gold Discovery parking area at 38°48′08″N 120°53′34″W﻿ / ﻿38.8023°N 120.8927°W﻿ / 38.8023; -120.8927.

Miner
A miner is a person who extracts ore, coal, chalk, clay, or other minerals from the earth through mining. There are two senses in which the term is used. In its narrowest sense, a miner is someone who works at the rock face; cutting, blasting, or otherwise working and removing the rock. In a broader sense, a "miner" is anyone working within a mine, not just a worker at the rock face.

Cave-ins, explosions, toxic air, and extreme temperatures are some of the most dangerous mining accidents. The overall long-term health effects of underground mining conditions is also a hazard. In some countries, miners lack social guarantees and in case of injury may be left to cope without assistance.

In regions with a long mining tradition, many communities have developed cultural traditions and aspects specific to the various regions, in the forms of particular equipment, symbolism, music, and the like.
Dryopteris celsa
Dryopteris celsa, the log fern, is a perennial fern in the family Dryopteridaceae.  It naturally occurs on rotting logs and the rich soil of swamps and wet woodlands.  Its native range includes the southeastern United States.

Dryopteridaceae
The Dryopteridaceae are a family of leptosporangiate ferns in the order Polypodiales. They are known colloquially as the wood ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Polypodiineae. Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Dryopteridoideae  of a very broadly defined family Polypodiaceae sensu lato.

The family contains about 1700 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution. Species may be terrestrial, epipetric, hemiepiphytic, or epiphytic. Many are cultivated as ornamental plants.  The largest genera are Elaphoglossum (600+), Polystichum (260), Dryopteris (225), and Ctenitis (150). These four genera contain about 70% of the species.  Dryopteridaceae diverged from the other families in eupolypods I about 100 million years ago.
The fossil record appears to show the earliest members of the group emerging some 99 MYA during the Mid Cretaceous.
Tropical Storm Higos (2008)
Tropical Storm Higos, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Pablo, was a weak tropical storm to hit the Philippines during the 2008 Pacific typhoon season. The name "Higos" is the Chamorro word for fig.

Ficus
Ficus (/ˈfaɪkəs/ or /ˈfiːkəs/) is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae. Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone. Many Ficus species are grown for their fruits, though only two species, the common fig (F. carica) and sycamore fig (F. sycomorus), are cultivated to any extent, with common fig being the type species and by far the most important. The fruit of most other species are also edible though they are usually of only local economic importance or eaten as bushfood. However, they are extremely important food resources for wildlife. Figs are also of considerable cultural importance throughout the tropics, both as objects of worship and for their many practical uses.
PAC MFI-17 Mushshak
The PAC MFI-17 Mushshak and PAC MFI-395 Super Mushshak (Urdu: مشاق, lit. 'Proficient') is a license-built fixed-gear turboprop primary trainer aircraft manufactured by Pakistan Aeronautical Complex (PAC). An improved version of the Saab Safari (MFI-15), the MFI-17 is manufactured in Kamra, Pakistan, by the PAC. Built to Mil-Spec and fully aerobatic, it is used for training, towing and other ground-support roles. An upgraded version, the PAC Super Mushshak, has also been produced by PAC.

As of 2022, there were 477 MFI-15/17/395 in use, making it one of the most commonly used training aircraft in the world.

United States Military Standard
A United States defense standard, often called a military standard, "MIL-STD", "MIL-SPEC", or (informally) "MilSpecs", is used to help achieve standardization objectives by the United States Department of Defense.

Standardization is beneficial in achieving interoperability, ensuring products meet certain requirements, commonality, reliability, total cost of ownership, compatibility with logistics systems, and similar defense-related objectives.

Defense standards are also used by other non-defense government organizations, technical organizations, and industry. This article discusses definitions, history, and usage of defense standards. Related documents, such as defense handbooks and defense specifications, are also addressed.
1952–53 Western Football League
The 1952–53 season was the 51st in the history of the Western Football League.

The champions for the first time in their history were Barnstaple Town, and the winners of Division Two were Chippenham Town Reserves, although they could not be promoted as the club's first team was already in Division One.

Chippenham Town F.C.
Chippenham Town Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Chippenham, Wiltshire, England. They are currently members of the National League South, the sixth tier of English football, and play their games at Hardenhuish Park.
Jesús Sommers
Jesús Martín Sommers López (11 November 1949 – 21 February 2026) was a Mexican professional baseball infielder and manager. Sommers played 27 seasons in the Mexican Baseball League (LMB), debuting in 1970, and still holds the league's career record for hits with 3,004, earning him the nickname "Rey del Hit" (King of Hits). He also played 25 seasons in the Mexican Pacific League (LMP).

As manager, he debuted in 1996 with the Petroleros de Poza Rica and last managed the Piratas de Campeche in 2019.

Rieleros de Aguascalientes
The Rieleros de Aguascalientes (English: Aguascalientes Railroaders)  are a professional baseball team based in Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes that competes in the Mexican League. Established in 1975, the Rieleros have won the Mexican League championship once in 1978. The team plays at the Parque Alberto Romo Chávez.
Midelfart
Midelfart is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Celina Midelfart (born 1973), Norwegian businesswoman

Hans Christian Ulrik Midelfart (1772–1823), Norwegian Lutheran minister and politician

Tove Kvammen Midelfart (born 1951), Norwegian lawyer and businesswoman

Hans Christian Ulrik Midelfart
Hans Christian Ulrik Midelfart (22 July 1772 – 1 December 1823) was a Norwegian Lutheran minister who served as a representative at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly in 1814.

Hans Christian Ulrik Midelfart was born in the Byneset parish in what is now Trondheim Municipality in Trøndelag, Norway. He was the son of a parish priest. He served as minister in the parish of Beitstad in Nordre Trondheim county from 1802 to 1814. He became pastor at Skogn in what is now Levanger Municipality during 1814, and held this office until his death in 1823.

He represented Nordre Trondhjems amt at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly in 1814. He became a member of the Constitutional Committee, and was regarded as belonging to the independence party (Selvstendighetspartiet).
Gloat (company)
Gloat is a company that developed an AI-based employee matching software (talent marketplace). Employees are matched to relevant projects, gigs, mentorships, and full-time roles based on their interests, career ambitions, skills, and experiences. Enterprises such as Unilever, Schneider Electric, Estēe Lauder, Standard Chartered, Pepsico, Fidelity, HSBC, Woolworths, Seagate, MetLife, Nestlé, and Mastercard have used Gloat's technology.

Standard Chartered
Standard Chartered PLC is a British multinational bank with operations in wealth management, corporate and investment banking, and treasury services. Despite being headquartered in the United Kingdom, it does not conduct retail banking in the UK, and around 90% of its profits come from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

Standard Chartered has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It has secondary listings on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, the National Stock Exchange of India, and OTC Markets Group Pink. Its largest shareholder is the Government of Singapore–owned Temasek Holdings. The Financial Stability Board considers it a systemically important bank.

Maria Ramos is the group chair of Standard Chartered. Bill Winters is the current group chief executive.
Nassauoceras
Nassauoceras is a tetragonoceratid nautiloid from the Middle Devonian of Europe, the shell of which is evolute with a wide, deep umbilicus, slight dorsal impression, low arched venter, rounded ventral shoulders, and flanks that converge dorsally so as to produce a subtrigonal whorl section. Nodes are present on the ventral shoulders. Sutures have shallow ventral and lateral lobes. The siphuncle is near the ventral margin.

Nassauoceras differs from Tetragonoceras in that the latter is gyroconic with a subquadrate whorl section and angular ventral shoulders, but is somewhat similar to Wellsoceras in which whorls are in contact in the early growth stages and shoulders are also rounded.

Middle Devonian
In the geological timescale, the Middle Devonian epoch (from 393.47 ± 0.99 million years ago to 382.31 ± 1.36 million years ago) occurred during the Devonian period, after the end of the Emsian age.

The Middle Devonian epoch is subdivided into two stages: Eifelian and Givetian.
Al-Zirbah
Al-Zirbah (Arabic: الزربة)  is a Syrian village located in Mount Simeon District, Aleppo. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Zirbah had a population of 4,760 in the 2004 census.

Mount Simeon District
Mount Simeon District (Arabic: منطقة جبل سمعان, romanized: manṭiqat Jabal Sem‘ān) is a district of Aleppo Governorate in northern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Aleppo.

Until December 2008, the sub-district of Atāreb was part of Mount Simeon District before being incorporated as a separate district. At the 2004 census, the remaining sub-districts had a total population of 2,413,878.
Trumpchi GS8
The Trumpchi GS8 is a mid-size SUV produced by GAC Group under the Trumpchi brand in China and the GAC Motor brand globally.

The first generation was launched in 2016, and spawned a slightly smaller 5-seater variant dubbed the Trumpchi GS7. The Trumpchi GS7 received a facelift in April 2020 and was renamed the Trumpchi GS8S. The second generation GS8 was unveiled in 2021 with a longer, wider body and a longer wheelbase compared to the first generation model.

GAC Motor
GAC Motor Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 广汽传祺汽车有限公司; lit. 'GAC Trumpchi Automotive Co. Ltd.'), sometimes simply as GAC, is a Chinese automobile manufacturing company founded in 2008, with headquarters in Guangzhou. Wholly owned by GAC Group, it focuses on making complete vehicles, auto parts and their trading.

GAC Motor made its first foray into overseas markets in 2013. As of November 2021, it has entered the markets of the Middle East, Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa. In addition, the company set up exclusive distributors in several countries.
Leigh Read
Leigh Read (1809-1841) was a Democratic Party politician in Florida and general in the Second Seminole War. Born in 1809 in Sumner County, Tennessee, Read migrated to Florida and settled in Centerville, Florida in 1831. Read studied in Richard K. Call's law library before being admitted to the bar in April 1833. He  married twice; first to a daughter of John Bellamy, an affluent planter and road builder from Jefferson County. After her death he married Eliza Branch, daughter of former North Carolina governor John Branch.

Centerville, Florida
Centerville is an unincorporated community in northeast Leon County, Florida, United States. It is located 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of Bradfordville and 8 miles (13 km) north of Tallahassee at the intersection of County Road 0342 (Bradfordville Road) and County Road 151 (Centerville Road). The community's elevation is 177 feet (54 m).
2025 Quezon local elections
Local elections were held in the Province of Quezon on May 12, 2025, as part of the 2025 general election.  Voters will select candidates for all local positions: a town mayor, vice mayor and town councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the vice-governor, governor and representatives for the four districts of Quezon.

Legislative districts of Quezon
The legislative districts of Quezon are the representations of the province of Quezon and the highly urbanized city of Lucena in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province and the city are currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through their first, second, third, and fourth congressional districts.
Yuki Saito (pitcher, born 1988)
Yuki Saito (斎藤 佑樹, Saitō Yūki; born June 6, 1988) is a Japanese former professional baseball pitcher. He played 11 seasons in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters.

Saito rose to national stardom as a senior for Waseda Jitsugyo High School when he led the team to a title in the 88th National High School Baseball Championship in 2006. He was given the nickname The Handkerchief Prince (ハンカチ王子, Hankachi Ōji) by the Japanese media for his use of a handkerchief to wipe sweat from his face while on the mound and is also often referred to as Yū-chan (佑ちゃん, Yū-chan).

Baseball field
A baseball field, also called a ball field or baseball diamond, is the field upon which the game of baseball is played. The term can also be used as a metonym for a baseball park. The term sandlot is sometimes used, although this usually refers to less organized venues for activities like sandlot ball.
Gene McCann
Henry Eugene McCann (June 13, 1876 – April 26, 1943) was an American professional baseball player and scout. He played in Major League Baseball as a right-handed pitcher. Born in Baltimore, Maryland, he pitched in nine games for the Brooklyn Superbas during the 1901 and 1902 baseball seasons. He later became a scout for the New York Yankees under manager Joe McCarthy. He died at age 66 in New York City.

Joe McCarthy (baseball manager)
Joseph Vincent McCarthy (April 21, 1887 – January 13, 1978) was an American manager in Major League Baseball, most renowned for his leadership of the "Bronx Bombers" teams of the New York Yankees from 1931 to 1946. The first manager to win pennants with both National and American League teams (doing so with the Chicago Cubs in 1929 and the Yankees in 1932), he won a total nine league pennants and seven World Series championships – the latter is a record tied only by Casey Stengel. McCarthy was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1957. He recorded a 100-win season six times, a record matched only by Bobby Cox. McCarthy's career winning percentages in both the regular season (.615) and postseason (.698, all in the World Series) are the highest in major league history. His 2,125 career victories rank ninth all-time in major league history for managerial wins, and he ranks first all-time for the Yankees with 1,460 wins.
Charlie Muffin
Charlie Muffin (U.S. title: A Deadly Game) is a 1979 British made-for-TV film directed by Jack Gold and starring David Hemmings, Ralph Richardson, Sam Wanamaker, Pinkas Braun, Ian Richardson, Shane Rimmer and Jennie Linden. A Euston Films production, it was written by Keith Waterhouse based on the 1977 novel of the same name by Brian Freemantle.

Euston Films
Euston Films is a British film and television production company. It was originally a subsidiary of Thames Television, and operated from 1971 to 1994, producing various series for Thames, which were screened nationally on the ITV network. Euston Films productions include Van der Valk (1977), The Sweeney (1975–1978), Minder (1979–1994), Quatermass (1979), Danger UXB (1979), and Reilly, Ace of Spies (1983). The Sweeney had two feature film spin-offs, Sweeney! and Sweeney 2, which were also produced by Euston.

In 2014, Euston Films was revived as a production company by the owner of Thames, Fremantle.
Night Vision (Bruce Cockburn album)
Night Vision is the fourth studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Bruce Cockburn released domestically on True North Records. The album earned Cockburn's first Canadian gold record award in 1979. It was the first full album that Cockburn recorded with a band. The album's artwork is an adaptation of a painting by Alex Colville entitled Horse and Train.

Bruce Cockburn
Bruce Douglas Cockburn OC (/ˈkoʊbərn/ KOH-bərn; born May 27, 1945) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist. His song styles range from folk to folk- and jazz-influenced rock to soundscapes accompanying spoken stories. His lyrics reflect interests in spirituality, human rights, environmental issues, and relationships, and describe his experiences in Central America and Africa.

Cockburn has written more than 350 songs on 34 albums over a career spanning five decades, of which 22 have received a Canadian gold or platinum certification as of 2018, and he has sold more than one million albums in Canada alone. In 2014, Cockburn released his memoirs, Rumours of Glory.