hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Argyroderma testiculare
Argyroderma testiculare (Afrikaans: bokklootjies) is a species of succulents endemic to the quartz gravel of the Knersvlakte region. of South Africa's Western Cape. It belongs to the Aizoaceae family, and is listed as rare on the SANBI Red List, because it occurs in an area smaller than 68 km2, but it is not endangered there.

It is a small plant that does not grow larger than 15 cm. The leaves are thick and look like an egg which has been chopped in half. The flowers are purple with a yellow centre.

South African National Biodiversity Institute
The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) is an organisation tasked with research and dissemination of information on biodiversity, and legally mandated to contribute to the management of the country's biodiversity resources.

It was established in 2004 in terms of the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, 2004, under the South African Department of Environmental Affairs (later named Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment).
Thomas Woolnoth
Thomas Alfred Woolnoth (1785–1857) was an English engraver. He was known for his portraits of theatre people. He also painted, and engraved works of Correggio and Van Dyck. Woolnoth was engraver to Queen Victoria. His work was also included in Cadell and Davies Britannia depicta.

Cadell & Davies
Cadell and Davies was a publishing company established in London in 1793.  The business was formed when bookseller and publisher Thomas Cadell the elder (1742–1802) bequeathed his business to his son Thomas Cadell the younger (1773–1836) and the elder Cadell's apprentice William Davies. Cadell & Davies shut down after Davies death in 1819. Cadell continued in business until his own death in 1836.

Cadell & Davies published the 4th to 8th editions of James Boswell's Life of Johnson.
Charles Murdoch (trade unionist)
Charles Murdoch (13 August 1902 – 2 May 1962) was a Scottish trade union leader.

Born in Glasgow, Murdoch completed an apprenticeship as a baker and became active in the Scottish Union of Bakers.  In 1926, he was appointed as the union's Glasgow organiser, then later as its national organiser, and in 1942 as its general secretary.

In 1936, Murdoch was elected to the council of the Scottish Trades Union Congress (STUC), and in 1941/42, he served as its chairman.  In 1946, he was elected to Glasgow City Council for the Labour Party, and William Elger, secretary of the STUC died.  Murdoch was elected as his replacement, beating George Middleton and David Currie.  However, he resigned in 1948 to take a full-time job as a member of the Scottish Gas Board, later becoming its personnel manager, a role in which he served until his death in 1962.

Scottish Gas Board
The Scottish Gas Board was a state-owned utility providing gas for light and heat to industries and homes in Scotland. The board was established on 1 May 1949, and dissolved in 1973 when it became a region of the British Gas Corporation.
Krsto
Krsto (Cyrillic script: Крсто), also Krste or Krǎstyo is a South Slavic masculine given name.

Krsto Papić, Croatian film director

Krsto Ungnad, Ban of Croatia

Krsto Zrnov Popović, Montenegrin soldier

Fran Krsto Frankopan, Croatian baroque poet, nobleman and politician

Vuk Krsto Frankopan, Croatian nobleman and soldier

Krsto Hegedušić, Croatian painter, illustrator and theater designer

Krste Asanović, computer engineer

Krste Crvenkovski, Macedonian politician

Krste Misirkov, Macedonian philologist, journalist, historian and ethnographer

Krste Velkovski, Macedonian footballer

Krastyo Rakovski, Bulgarian socialist revolutionary

Krastyo Krastev, Bulgarian writer, translator, philosopher and public figure

Krsto Papić
Krsto Papić (7 December 1933 – 7 February 2013) was a Croatian screenwriter and film director whose career spanned over five decades. He is generally considered among the best directors of former Yugoslavia, and counted among the Yugoslav Black Wave.
Mizaldus
Mizaldus is a genus of seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae and tribe Drymini, erected by William Lucas Distant in 1901.  The known species distribution appears to include Africa, Japan, Malesia through to New Guinea.

Lygaeoidea
The Lygaeoidea are a sizeable superfamily of true bugs, containing seed bugs and allies, in the order Hemiptera. There are about 16 families and more than 4,600 described species in Lygaeoidea, found worldwide. Most feed on seeds or sap, but a few are predators.

The ash-gray leaf bug family (Piesmatidae) is generally considered a member of the superfamily Lygaeoidea, but in the past it was sometimes placed in its own superfamily.
Vereshchaginsky District
Vereshchaginsky District (Russian: Вереща́гинский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Perm Krai, Russia; one of the thirty-three districts in the krai. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vereshchaginsky Municipal District. It is located in the west of the krai,with an area of 1,621 square kilometers (626 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Vereshchagino. Population:  41,379 (2010 Census); 43,958 (2002 Census); 46,714 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Vereshchagino accounts for 53.5% of the district's total population.

Krai
A krai or kray is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR.

Etymologically, the word is related to the verb кроить (kroítǐ [krɐˈitʲ]), meaning 'to cut'. Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state, since the word krai also means 'border' or 'edge', i.e., 'a place of the cut-off'. In English the term is often translated as 'territory'. As of 2015, the administrative usage of the term is mostly traditional, as some oblasts also fit this description and there is no difference in constitutional legal status in Russia between the krais and the oblasts.
Prionapteryx nebulifera
Prionapteryx nebulifera, the clouded veneer moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stephens in 1834. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Florida, Georgia, Maryland, Michigan, New Hampshire, Ontario, South Carolina and Wisconsin.

Adults have been recorded on wing from May to August.

The larvae feed on Ericaceae species, including Leiophyllum buxifolium and probably Gaylussacia species. Pupation takes place in the larval retreat.

Gaylussacia
Gaylussacia is a genus of about fifty species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae, native to the Americas, where they occur in eastern North America and in South America in the Andes and the mountains of southeastern Brazil (the majority of the known species). Common English names include huckleberry (shared with plants in several other genera) and "dangleberry".

Gaylussacia plants are often a component of an oak-heath forest. They are deciduous or evergreen shrubs growing to a height of 0.4–1.8 metres (1 ft 4 in – 5 ft 11 in).
Bronx Community Board 1
Bronx Community Board 1 is a local government unit of the city of New York, encompassing the neighborhoods of Mott Haven, Melrose, and Port Morris in the borough of the Bronx. It is delimited by the East River, East 149th Street, and Prospect Avenue on the east, East 161st Street (from Prospect Avenue to Third Avenue), East 159th Street (from Third Avenue to Park Avenue), and East 149th Street (from Park Avenue to the Harlem River) on the north, and the Harlem River and Bronx Kill on the west and south.

Harlem River
The Harlem River is an 8-mile (13 km) tidal strait in New York City, flowing between the Hudson River and the East River. It separates the island of Manhattan from the Bronx on the United States mainland.

The northern stretch, also called the Spuyten Duyvil ("spewing devil") Creek, has been significantly altered for navigation purposes. Originally it curved around the north of Marble Hill, but in 1895 the Harlem Ship Canal was dug between Manhattan and Marble Hill, and in 1914 the original course was filled in.
2022 Iași Open
The 2022 Iași Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the third edition of the men's tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour and first edition of the women's tournament which was part of 2022 WTA 125 tournaments. It took place in Iași, Romania between 11 and 17 July 2022 for the men and between 1 and 7 August for the women.

Elixane Lechemia
Elixane Lechemia (born 3 September 1991) is a French tennis player.

She has career-high WTA rankings of No. 343 in singles, achieved on 3 April 2017, and of No. 65 in doubles, set on 7 March 2022. Lechemia has won one doubles title on the WTA Tour with four singles and 16 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Oluwashina Okeleji
Oluwashina Okeleji (born 1 July) is a Nigerian sports journalist who works for BBC Sport. He reports for the BBC World Service Radio, TV and writes regularly for the BBC African football website about the continent's football and stars around the world. He's in regular contact with many top African players and often travels to Europe to meet them. While football is his main strength he also keeps abreast of a wide variety of sports.

Al Jazeera English
Al Jazeera English (AJE; Arabic: الجزيرة, romanized: al-jazīrah, lit. 'the island', pronounced [æl (d)ʒæˈziːrɐ]), often known as Al Jazeera, is a 24-hour English-language news channel operating under Al Jazeera Media Network, which is partially funded by the government of Qatar. Al Jazeera introduced an English-language division in 2006. It is the first global English-language news channel to be headquartered in the Middle East.

Al Jazeera is known for its in-depth and frontline reporting particularly in conflict zones such as the Arab Spring, the Gaza–Israel conflict and others. Al Jazeera's coverage of the Arab Spring won the network numerous awards, including the Peabody Award. It positions itself as an alternative media platform to the dominance of Western media outlets like CNN and BBC, focusing on narrative reporting where subjects present their own stories.
2025 Australian Open – Girls' singles
Wakana Sonobe won the girls' singles title at the 2025 Australian Open, defeating Kristina Penickova in the final, 6–0, 6–1.

Renáta Jamrichová was the reigning champion, but she decided to end her junior career at the 2024 Wimbledon Championships. She received a wild card into the women's singles qualifying, where she lost to Carole Monnet in the second round.

Carole Monnet
Carole Monnet (born 1 December 2001) is a Ukrainian-born French tennis player.
Monnet has career-high WTA rankings of No. 162 in singles, achieved on 11 September 2023, and No. 129 in doubles, reached on 28 October 2024.
Honda Integra
The Honda Integra (Japanese: ホンダ インテグラ, Hepburn: Honda Integura), sold in North America as the Acura Integra and later the Acura RSX, is an automobile produced by the Japanese company Honda from 1985 until 2006, and then since 2021. It succeeded the Quint as a more luxurious and sport-oriented derivative of the Civic. The Integra was one of the launch models for Acura in the US in 1986 alongside the Acura Legend. Throughout its production run, the Integra was highly regarded for its handling and performance. The 1995–2001 Integra Type R is widely regarded as one of the best front-wheel-drive cars of all time.

The Integra nameplate was revived in 2021 after a 16-year hiatus. The Honda Integra nameplate is used for a restyled Honda Civic sedan for the Chinese market, while the Acura Integra nameplate is used for a Civic-based liftback for North America, replacing the Acura ILX.

Car and Driver 10Best
Car and Driver 10Best is a list annually produced by Car and Driver (C/D) beginning in 1983, nominating what it considers the 10 best cars of the year. C/D also produced the 5Best list, highlighting what it considers the five best trucks of the year.

All production vehicles for sale in that calendar year are considered with these recent restrictions:

The vehicle must be on sale by January

It must be priced below 2.5 times the average price of a car that year

The manufacturer must provide an example for testing

Only substantially changed or new vehicles and the past year's 10 best winners are nominated

The magazine sometimes selects a specific trim and other times a whole family of vehicles.

Tuv
Unifly
Unifly is a European software company that provides a platform for drone telematics services for unmanned traffic management. The company provides mapping and location data to connect authorities with pilots for the safe integration of drones into the airspace and unmanned aviation. The company was a wholly owned subsidiary of VITO until a corporate spin-off in 2015. Unifly is headquartered in Antwerp, Belgium.

Telematics
Telematics is an interdisciplinary field encompassing telecommunications, vehicular technologies (road transport, road safety, etc., as part of Intelligent transportation systems), electrical engineering (sensors, instrumentation, wireless communications, etc.), and computer science (multimedia, Internet, etc.). Telematics can involve any of the following:

The technology of sending, receiving, and storing information using telecommunication devices, such as a Telematic control unit, to control remote objects

The integrated use of telecommunications and informatics for application in vehicles and to control vehicles on the move

Global navigation satellite system technology (most commonly GPS) integrated with computers and mobile communications technology in automotive navigation systems, often using a GPS tracking unit

(Most narrowly) The use of such systems within road vehicles (also called vehicle telematics)
Mavis Bank
Mavis Bank is a rural coffee farming community approximately 10 miles (16 km) north east of Kingston, Jamaica in east rural St. Andrew in the Blue Mountains, close to the border of Portland.

The town takes its name from a surrounding coffee (named after Mavisbank House an historic house in Scotland) which has been owned by the Munn family for many years, and is the main employer in the area. One of the coffees produced by the estate is Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee.

Close to the west south west is a summit of the same name on which stands a tertiary triangulation station (18°01′38″N 76°39′45″W﻿ / ﻿18.027118°N 76.662512°W﻿ / 18.027118; -76.662512).

Triangulation station
A triangulation station, also known as a trigonometrical point, and sometimes informally as a trig, is a fixed surveying station, used in geodetic surveying and other surveying projects in its vicinity.

The station is usually set up by a mapping organisation with known coordinates and elevation published. Numerous stations are installed on summits for purposes of visibility and prominence. A graven metal plate on the top of a pillar may provide a mounting point for a theodolite or reflector, often using some form of kinematic coupling to ensure reproducible positioning.
14th César Awards
The 14th César Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma, honoured the best French films of 1988 and took place on 4 March 1989 at the Théâtre de l'Empire in Paris. The ceremony was chaired by Peter Ustinov and hosted by Pierre Tchernia. Camille Claudel won the award for Best Film.

A Strange Place to Meet
A Strange Place to Meet (French: Drôle d'endroit pour une rencontre; also titled Strange Place for an Encounter) is a 1988 French romantic drama film directed by François Dupeyron, and starring Catherine Deneuve and Gérard Depardieu.
LAE Ultrasport 496T
The LAE Ultrasport 496T is a Cypriot helicopter that was produced by LAE Helicopters Cyprus of Larnaca.  Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

The aircraft was reportedly in production in 2015, but by the end of 2017 production had ended in favour of the new LAE Piranha.

Larnaca
Larnaca, also spelled Larnaka, is a city on the southeast coast of Cyprus and the capital of the Larnaca District. With a district population of 155,000 in 2021, it is the third largest city in the country after Nicosia and Limassol.

Built on the ruins of Kition, an Ancient Greek city-state and the birthplace of Stoic philosopher Zeno of Citium, Larnaca is home to the Church of Saint Lazarus, Hala Sultan Tekke, the Kamares Aqueduct, Larnaca Castle, Larnaca District Archaeological Museum, and Pierides Museum. It attracts many visitors to its beaches, as well as to Finikoudes (Φοινικούδες; Greek for "palm trees"), the city's signature seafront promenade lined with palm trees. It gives its name to the country's primary airport, Larnaca International Airport, which is situated in the neighbouring village of Dromolaxia rather than Larnaca proper. It also has a seaport and a marina.
Order of the Star of South Africa
The Order of the Star of South Africa was a South African National Order that consisted of seven decorations in two military and five non-military classes. The order was discontinued on 2 December 2002.

Kimberley, South Africa
Kimberley  (Khoekhoe: ǃ’Ās; Tswana: Kimbali) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance because of its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. The British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and Rhodes also established the De Beers diamond company in the early days of the mining town.

On 2 September 1882, Kimberley became the first city in the Southern Hemisphere and the second in the world after Philadelphia, in the United States, to install electric street lighting. The first stock exchange in Africa was built in Kimberley as early as 1881.
Seventeen (Tarkington novel)
Seventeen: A Tale of Youth and Summer Time and the Baxter Family Especially William is a humorous novel by Booth Tarkington that gently satirizes first love, in the person of a callow 17-year-old, William Sylvanus Baxter. Seventeen takes place in a small city in the Midwestern United States shortly before World War I. It was published as sketches in the Metropolitan Magazine in 1915 and 1916, and collected in a single volume by Harper and Brothers in 1916, when it was the bestselling novel in the United States.

Sketch story
A sketch story, literary sketch or simply sketch, is a piece of writing that is generally shorter than a short story, and contains very little, if any, plot. The genre was invented after the 16th century in England, as a result of increasing public interest in realistic depictions of "exotic" locales. The term was most popularly used in the late nineteenth century. As a literary work, it is also often referred to simply as "the sketch".
Jazz Heaven
Jazz Heaven is a 1929 American pre-Code romantic comedy film directed by Melville Brown and written by Myles Connolly and J. Walter Ruben, based on a story by Pauline Forney and Dudley Murphy. It was moderately successful for RKO Pictures, and was released in both sound and silent versions.

Melville W. Brown
Melville W. Brown (March 10, 1887 – January 31, 1938) was an American film director, screenwriter and occasional actor.  He began his career on the local stage in Oregon, in stock companies and vaudeville, before moving to California and working in the silent film industry in 1916, at the suggestion of Charlie Chaplin.  His career was cut short when he died of a heart attack in January 1938.
Shiashkotan
Shiashkotan (Russian: Шиашкотан) (Japanese: 捨子古丹島; Shasukotan-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island near the center of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean, separated from Ekarma by the Ekarma Strait. Its name is derived from the Ainu language, from “Konbu village”.

Global Volcanism Program
The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program (GVP) documents Earth's volcanoes and their eruptive history during the Quaternary Period of Earth's geologic history, with particular emphasis on volcanic activity during the Holocene Epoch (the last 11,700 years). The mission of the GVP is to document, understand, and disseminate information about global volcanic activity.
Coconut chutney
Coconut chutney is a south Indian chutney, a side-dish or a condiment, common in the Indian subcontinent. The condiment is made with coconut pulp ground with other ingredients such as green chillies, tamarind, salt, coriander and water. Coconut chutney is made with both red chillies or green chillies. It is served with dosas,
idli, bajji, bonda, and vada. In Karnataka, coconut chutney is also served with rice dishes such as pulao, puliyogare, tomato baath, and vangi baath.

Condiment
A condiment is a preparation that is added to food, typically after cooking, to enhance the flavor, to complement the dish, or to impart a specific flavor. Such specific flavors generally add sweetness or pungency, or sharp or piquant flavors. The seasonings and spices common in many different cuisine arise from global introductions of foreign trade. Condiments include those added to cooking to impart flavor, such as barbecue sauce and soy sauce; those added before serving, such as mayonnaise in a sandwich; and those added tableside to taste, such as ketchup with fast food. Condiments can also provide other health benefits to diets that lack micronutrients.
Games Republic
Games Republic was a 30-minute TV game show which was broadcast on BSkyB's .tv channel from 1999 to 2000. It had an Egyptian theme and was hosted by Trevor and Simon.

The first round consisted of the 'punch up quiz' in which two contestants battled against each other to get a chance at playing a bronze, silver or gold challenge.  If the contestant won the bronze challenge then on the next show, the contestant would get a chance to play a silver challenge and the same for the gold challenge. For the challenges, a character called 'the Pundit' (a hooded Charlie Brooker) was brought on to give advice to the contestant and to inform the viewers about the game.

The show was criticised by contestants for the lack of research into its questions.  Contestants often questioned the presenters on air regarding answers which were in fact correct but were still given as false.

Trevor and Simon
Trevor Neal (born 1963, Dorchester, Dorset) and Simon Hickson (born 1962, Salford, Lancashire) are a British comedy duo (known as Trevor and Simon or Trev and Simon) and are best known for a family-friendly version of anarchic alternative comedy on BBC1 Saturday-morning shows Going Live! (1987–1993), and Live and Kicking (1993–1997).
Much Wenlock Limestone Formation
The Much Wenlock Limestone Formation is a series of Silurian limestone beds that date back to the Homerian age, the later part of the Wenlock epoch. The formation comprises nodular to thinly bedded limestones, with variable development of reef bodies that can be found exposed at Wenlock Edge and in a small area near Dudley, England known as Wren's Nest. The formation is made up of three different members which have been classified as the Lower Quarried Limestone Member, the Nodular Beds Member and the Upper Quarried Limestone Member.  Many of the members can be subdivided into separate lithofacies that would have been deposited under different environmental conditions.  However the overall environment of deposition for the formation is in a shallow, tropical marine setting that is located between the storm wave base and the fair weather wave base.

Wenlock Epoch
The Wenlock Epoch (sometimes referred to as the Wenlockian) or Mid-Early Silurian is the second epoch of the Silurian. It is preceded by the Llandovery Epoch and followed by the Ludlow Epoch. Radiometric dates constrain the Wenlockian between 432.9 and 426.7 million years ago.