hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1920 North Dakota blizzard
The 1920 North Dakota blizzard was a severe blizzard that killed 34 people from March 15–18, 1920 in the state of North Dakota. It is considered among the worst blizzards on record in North Dakota.

High winds and an eight-inch (20 cm) snowfall stopped rail service in Bismarck, North Dakota, and only one telephone line functioned between Fargo, North Dakota, and Minneapolis, Minnesota. Telephone service was out between Devils Lake, North Dakota, and Fargo, North Dakota.

Among the victims were five country school students, including Hazel Miner and Adolph, Ernest, Soren, and Herman Wohlk. Also killed were a young mother, Mrs. Andrew Whitehead; Charles Hutchins, north of Douglas, North Dakota; the twelve-year-old son of Matt Yashenko, who lived five miles south of Ruso, North Dakota; and "Chicken Pete" Johnson, a Minot eccentric, who was found dead in his dug-out on South Hill in Minot, North Dakota.

South Hill, Minot
South Hill is a neighborhood in Minot, North Dakota, one of three major areas in the city, others being North Hill and The Valley, it is located south of the Souris River, above the Souris River Valley. It is a primarily residential neighborhood, although there are commercial zones along South Broadway, 20th Ave SW, 37th Ave SW, and around the Dakota Square Mall.
Otto VI, Count of Tecklenburg
Otto VI, Count of Tecklenburg (died 1388) was the only son of Count Nicholas I and his wife, Helena of Oldenburg-Wildeshausen-Alt-Bruchhausen.  In 1367, he succeeded his father as count of Tecklenburg-Ibbenbüren and count of Lingen and Cloppenburg.  In 1376, he became pledge holder of Iburg.

Otto was a bold fighter. He improved the administration of the county and granted city rights to Bevergen.  He acquired the bailiwicks of Clarholz, Marienfeld and Herzebrock.  His marriage with Adelaide of Lippe gave him a claim on the cities of Rheda and Lipperode.  This led to a lengthy dispute, which was resolved in 1401 by a compromise between his son Nicholas II and his second cousin Simon III of Lippe: Nicholas received Rheda, and Lipperode became a condominium between Lippe and the County of Mark

From 1372 to 1379, Otto was also administrator of the Bishopric of Osnabrück, after he had deposed bishop
Melchior.  In 1379, he was besieged in Rheda and had to surrender.

Free State of Lippe
The Free State of Lippe (German: Freistaat Lippe) was created following the abdication of Prince Leopold IV of the Principality of Lippe on 15 November 1918, following the  German Revolution. It was a state in Germany during the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany. After the end of the Second World War, the Control Commission for Germany – British Element (CCG/BE) abolished the state of Lippe in January 1947 and incorporated it into the new German state of North Rhine-Westphalia that had been created three months earlier.
Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission
The Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission (ACIC) is a law enforcement agency established by the Australian federal government on 1 July 2016, following the merger of the Australian Crime Commission (ACC) and CrimTrac. It has specialist investigative capabilities and delivers and maintains national information sharing systems. ACIC is part of the National Intelligence Community.

Law enforcement agency
A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any government agency responsible for law enforcement within a specific jurisdiction through the employment and deployment of law enforcement officers and their resources. The most common type of law enforcement agency is the police, but various other forms exist as well, including agencies that focus on specific legal violations or are organized and overseen by certain authorities. They typically have various powers and legal rights to allow them to perform their duties, such as the power of arrest and the use of force.
The Shining Hour (play)
The Shining Hour is a 1934 Broadway three-act drama written by Keith Winter, 
produced by Max Gordon and staged by Raymond Massey with scenic design created by Aubrey Hammond. It ran for 121 performances from February 13, 1934, to May 1934 at the Booth Theatre. This was 
Gladys Cooper's Broadway debut. Raymond Massey and Adrianne Allen were a married couple at this time.

The play was included in Burns Mantle's The Best Plays of 1933–1934.

It was adapted into the 1938 film The Shining Hour directed by Frank Borzage and starring Joan Crawford,
Robert Young, Margaret Sullavan and Melvyn Douglas.

Robert Young (actor)
Robert George Young (February 22, 1907 – July 21, 1998) was an American film, television, and radio actor best known for his leading roles as Jim Anderson, the father character, in Father Knows Best (CBS, then NBC, then CBS again) and the physician Marcus Welby in Marcus Welby, M.D. (ABC).
Jan Kmita z Wiśnicza
Jan Kmita z Wiśnicza (ca. 1330 - died 1376 in Kraków) was a Polish knight.

He became general starost of Ruthenia and Sieradz (1351–1367), starost of Lwów (1371) and starost of Kraków (1375). In the name of King Louis I of Hungary he governed Ruthenia in 1372–1375.

Kmita is known for having the Nowy Wiśnicz Castle erected which served as a defensive residence for him and his family.

He was killed while attempting to put down a riot consisting of Kraków townspeople and knights in conflict with Hungarian settlers.

Jan was the first Kmita who used the Szreniawa coat of arms with a cross.

Starosta
Starosta /ˈstɑːrɒstə/ or starost (Cyrillic: старост/а, Latin: capitaneus, German: Starost, Hauptmann) is a community elder in some Slavic lands.

The Slavic root of "starost" translates as "senior". Since the Middle Ages, it has designated an official in a leadership position in a range of civic and social contexts throughout Central and Eastern Europe. In reference to a municipality, a starosta was historically a senior royal administrative official, equivalent to a county sheriff or seneschal, and analogous to a gubernator. In Poland, a starosta administered a crown land district called starostwo.

In the early Middle Ages, a starosta could head a settled urban or rural community or other community, as in the case of a church starosta or an artel starosta. A starosta also functioned as a master of ceremonies.
Maria Lindström
Maria Lindström (born 7 March 1963) is a Swedish former tennis player. She won two doubles WTA titles as well as a further ten doubles ITF tournaments during her career. On 15 February 1988, Lindström reached a singles ranking high of world number 87 and on 23 October 1995 ranked world number 44 in doubles.

Lindström appeared 22 times for the Sweden Fed Cup team and represented her country in women's doubles with Catarina Lindqvist at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

Tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's doubles
The United States' Gigi Fernández and Mary Joe Fernández defeated Spain's Conchita Martínez and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario in the final, 7–5, 2–6, 6–2 to win the gold medal in Women's Doubles tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics. The Unified Team's 	Leila Meskhi and Natasha Zvereva and Australia's Rachel McQuillan and Nicole Provis won the bronze medals.

The tournament was held at the Vall d'Hebron complex on Montjuïc in Barcelona, Spain from 30 July to 7 August 1992.

The United States' Zina Garrison and Pam Shriver were the reigning gold medalists, but neither competed in this tournament.
Hutin Britton
Nelly Hutin Britton (24 April 1876 — 3 September 1965), usually credited as Hutin Britton was an English actress. She was best known for her performances in Shakespeare roles early in the 20th century. She also appeared in leading roles in two silent British films.

Adelphi Theatre
The Adelphi Theatre /əˈdɛlfi/ is a West End theatre, located on the Strand in the City of Westminster, central London. The present building is the fourth on the site. The theatre has specialised in comedy and musical theatre, and today it is a receiving house for a variety of productions, including many musicals. The theatre was Grade II listed for historical preservation on 1 December 1987.
Conrath
Conrath is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jean-Marie Conrath (born 1952), French Olympic long-distance runner

Matthew Conrath (born 1989), American football defensive end

Paul Conrath (1896–1979), German general during World War II

Theodore Conrath (1920–1995), American painter, sculptor, and teacher

Walter J. Conrath (1907–1942), American philatelist

Walter J. Conrath
Walter J. Conrath (January 20, 1907 – May 7, 1942), of Pennsylvania, was a stamp collector who specialized in aerophilately, the study of air mail stamps, and wrote extensively on the subject. His career was cut short when he died in an automobile accident at the age of 35.
Karol Grossmann
Karol Grossmann (27 October 1864 – 3 August 1929) was a pioneering Slovene film maker in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

He was born in Drakovci near Mala Nedelja on 27 October 1864. He was a lawyer in Ljutomer. He was the first Slovene amateur filmmaker. In 1905, he made the first Slovene film record in Ljutomer in northeastern Slovenia. A projection of two of his films is available at the Museum in Ljutomer. He died in Ljutomer.

Ljutomer
Ljutomer (pronounced [ˈljúːtɔmɛɾ] ⓘ; German: Luttenberg) is a town in northeastern Slovenia, 40 km (25 mi) east of Maribor. It is the seat of the Municipality of Ljutomer. Traditionally it was part of the region of Styria. It is now included in the Mura Statistical Region. The economy of Ljutomer is largely based on grape farming and wine making.
Malgesso
Malgesso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) west of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,253 and an area of 2.8 square kilometres (1.1 sq mi).

Malgesso borders the following municipalities: Bardello, Besozzo, Brebbia, Bregano, Travedona-Monate.

Province of Varese
The province of Varese (Italian: provincia di Varese) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is Varese, but the largest city is Busto Arsizio. The headquarters of AgustaWestland, the company merged into Leonardo since 2016 and the world's largest producer of helicopters, is based in Samarate, a comune (municipality) of the province. The province has 139 municipalities.

It has a population of 881,907 in an area of 1,198.11 square kilometres (462.59 sq mi), making it the 6th most densely populated province of Italy.
Moyes Microlights
Moyes Microlights  Pty Ltd is an Australian aircraft manufacturer that was based in Waverley, New South Wales and founded by hang gliding pioneer Bill Moyes. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of ultralight aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction and ready-to-fly aircraft.

For a time in the early 2000s the company was called Bailey-Moyes Microlights Pty Ltd and sometimes Moyes Aviation.

In the early 2000s the company was renamed LiteFlite Pty Ltd and moved to Botany, New South Wales to continue production of the Dragonfly. Liteflite continues to be owned by Bill Moyes.

An associated company is Moyes Delta Gliders, which builds hang gliders, including the Moyes Litespeed line, in Kurnell, New South Wales.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".
32 Pomona
32 Pomona (/pəˈmoʊnə/ ⓘ pə-MOH-nə;) is a stony main-belt asteroid that is 81 kilometres (50 mi) in diameter. It was discovered by German-French astronomer Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt on October 26, 1854, and is named after Pōmōna, the Roman goddess of fruit trees.

Photometric observations of this asteroid gave a light curve with a synodic rotation period of 9.448 hours. The data was used to construct a model for the asteroid, revealing it to be an angular object that is spinning about a pole with ecliptic coordinates (β, λ) = (+58°, 267°). The ratio of the major to minor axes' lengths is roughly equal to 1.3.

The spectrum of 32 Pomona matches an S-type in the Tholen classification system, and is similar to primitive achondrite meteorites. Measurements of the thermal inertia of 32 Pomona give a value of around 20–120 m−2 K−1 s−1/2, compared to 50 for lunar regolith and 400 for coarse sand in an atmosphere.

Achondrite
An achondrite is a stony meteorite that does not contain chondrules. It consists of material similar to terrestrial basalts or plutonic rocks and has been differentiated and reprocessed to a lesser or greater degree due to melting and recrystallization on or within meteorite parent bodies. As a result, achondrites have distinct textures and mineralogies indicative of igneous processes.

Achondrites account for about 8% of meteorites overall, and the majority (about ) of them belong to the HED clan, possibly originating from the crust of asteroid Vesta. Other types include Martian, Lunar, and several types thought to originate from as-yet unidentified asteroids. These groups have been determined on the basis of e.g. the Fe/Mn chemical ratio and the 17O/18O oxygen isotope ratios, thought to be characteristic "fingerprints" for each parent body.
China–Cornell–Oxford Project
The China–Cornell–Oxford Project, short for the "China-Oxford-Cornell Study on Dietary, Lifestyle and Disease Mortality Characteristics in 65 Rural Chinese Counties," was a large observational study conducted throughout the 1980s in rural China, a partnership between Cornell University, the University of Oxford, and the government of China. The study compared the health consequences of diets rich in animal-based foods to diets rich in plant-based foods among people who were genetically similar. In May 1990, The New York Times termed the study "the Grand Prix of epidemiology".

Observational study
In fields such as epidemiology, social sciences, psychology  and statistics, an observational study draws inferences from a sample to a population where the independent variable is not under the control of the researcher because of ethical concerns or logistical constraints. One common observational study is about the possible effect of a treatment on subjects, where the assignment of subjects into a treated group versus a control group is outside the control of the investigator. This is in contrast with experiments, such as randomized controlled trials, where each subject is randomly assigned to a treated group or a control group. Observational studies, for lacking an assignment mechanism, naturally present difficulties for inferential analysis.
Takeda clan (Aki)
The Takeda clan of Aki Province was a cadet branch of the famed Takeda clan of the Kai Province of Imperial Japan, descended from Emperor Seiwa (850–880) and the Minamoto clan (Seiwa Genji). The Takeda of Wakasa were a branch of the Takeda of Aki.

Aki Province
Aki Province (安芸国, Aki no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [aꜜ.kʲi (no kɯ.ɲi)]) or Geishū (芸州) was a province in the Chūgoku region of western Honshu, comprising the western part of what is today Hiroshima Prefecture.
Sir John Rous, 5th Baronet
Sir John Rous, 5th Baronet (c.1728 – 31 October 1771) was a British Whig politician.

Rous was the only surviving son of Sir Robert Rous, 4th Baronet and Lydia Smith. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge. On 8 June 1735 he succeeded to his father's baronetcy and on 5 June 1749 he married Judith Bedingfield.

Rous was elected unopposed as a Member of Parliament for Suffolk in the 1768 British general election after Rowland Holt had failed to secure sufficient support at the county meeting on 6 November 1767. He voted four times in the House of Commons, every time on the side of the opposition Rockingham Whigs. He died on 31 October 1771.

Rockingham Whigs
The Rockingham Whigs (or Rockinghamites) in 18th-century British politics were a faction of the Whigs led by Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, from about 1762 until his death in 1782. The Rockingham Whigs briefly held power from 1765 to 1766 and again in 1782, and otherwise were usually in opposition to the various ministries of the period.
Zine (surname)
Zine is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abdellah Ez Zine, Moroccan paralympic athlete

Dennis Zine (born 1947), American politician

Karol Zine, Indian television actress

Mohammed Chaouki Zine (born 1972), Algerian philosopher and writer

Mohammed Chaouki Zine
Mohammed Chaouki Zine is an Algerian philosopher and writer. He was born on May 13, 1972, in Oran, Algeria. He has been interested for several years to Contemporary Western philosophy as testifies his Hermeneutics and Deconstructions (Beirut-Casablanca, 2002), where he speaks about many philosophers like Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Michel de Certeau, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Richard Rorty and Jean Baudrillard.
He has a Ph.D. on Arabic and Iberian Studies about the mystic and Andalusian philosopher from Spain Ibn Arabi (Murcia, 1165–1240, Damascus). He was named in the book of Hubert Mono Ndjana about the History of African Philosophy, in French Histoire de la philosophie africaine .
Baltasar Lopes da Silva
Baltasar Lopes da Silva (23 April 1907 – 8 May 1989) was a writer, poet and linguist from Cape Verde, who wrote in both Portuguese and Cape Verdean Creole.  With Manuel Lopes and Jorge Barbosa, he was the founder of Claridade.  In 1947 he published Chiquinho, considered the greatest Cape Verdean novel and O dialecto crioulo de Cabo Verde which describes different dialects of creoles of Cape Verde. He sometimes wrote under the pseudonym Osvaldo Alcântara.

Ressaca, his work of poems can be found on the CD Poesia de Cabo Verde e Sete Poemas de Sebastião da Gama by Afonso Dias.

Cape Verdean Creole
Cape Verdean Creole is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken on the islands of Cape Verde. It is the native creole language of virtually all Cape Verdeans and is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora.

The creole has particular importance for creolistics studies since it is the oldest living creole. It is the most widely spoken Portuguese-based creole language.
Kong Hee-yong
Kong Hee-yong (Korean: 공희용; born 11 December 1996) is a South Korean badminton player. In 2013, she won the mixed team gold at the BWF World Junior Championships. In 2014, Kong who was educated at the Daesung girls' high school competed at the Asian Junior Championships and won the silver medals in the mixed team and doubles event. She also play for the Jeonbuk Bank at the national event, and at the 2017 Japan Open, she became the runner-up in the women's doubles event partnered with Kim Ha-na. Together with Kim So-yeong, she was awarded as the 2019 BWF Most Improved Player of the Year. Kong competed for South Korea at the 2020 and 2024 Summer Olympics.

2017 Japan Super Series
The 2017 Japan Super Series is the eighth Super Series badminton tournament of the 2017 BWF Super Series. The tournament took place at the Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan from September 19 – 24, 2017 and had a total purse of $325,000.
Ted Peters (politician)
Edward William Peters (12 June 1897 – 22 June 1980) was an Australian politician. Born in Melbourne, he attended Catholic schools before becoming a clerk with the Victorian Public Service. He was president of the Victorian branch of the Clerks' Union and in 1934 was President of the Victorian Labor Party. In 1949, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Labor member for the new seat of Burke. He held the seat until 1955, when it was abolished; Peters contested the new seat of Scullin and was successful, defeating member for Hoddle Jack Cremean, whose seat had also been abolished, running for the Australian Labor Party (Anti-Communist). He held the seat until 1969, when it was abolished, and Peters retired. He died in 1980.

Democratic Labor Party (Australia, 1955)
The Democratic Labor Party (DLP) was an Australian political party. The party came into existence following the 1955 ALP split as the Australian Labor Party (Anti-Communist), and was renamed the Democratic Labor Party in 1957. In 1962, the Queensland Labor Party, a breakaway party of the Queensland branch of the Australian Labor Party, became the Queensland branch of the DLP.

In 1978, a new Democratic Labor Party was founded by members of the original party, which remains active as of 2025.
Kosmos 2222
Kosmos 2222 (Russian: Космос 2222 meaning Cosmos 2222) is a Russian US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1992 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 2222 was launched from Site 43/3 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 12:18 UTC on 25 November 1992. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1992-081A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 22238.

The satellite became inactive in 1995, and reentered the Earth's atmosphere on 3 May 2023 at 03:58 UTC.

International Designator
The International Designator is an international identifier assigned to artificial objects in space. It consists of the launch year, a three-digit incrementing launch number of that year and up to a three-letter code representing the sequential identifier of a piece in a launch. In TLE format the first two digits of the year and the dash are dropped.
For example, 1990-037A is the Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-31, which carried the Hubble Space Telescope (1990-037B) into space. This launch was the 37th known successful launch worldwide in 1990.
Boughton Malherbe
Boughton Malherbe (/ˈbɔːtən ˈmælərbi/ ⓘ BAW-tən MAL-ər-bee) is a village and civil parish in the Maidstone district of Kent, England, equidistant between Maidstone and Ashford.  According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 428, including Sandway and Grafty Green, increasing to 476 at the 2011 Census.

Maidstone
Maidstone is the largest town in the county of Kent in South East England, of which it is also the county town. Maidstone is historically important and lies 32 miles (51 km) east-south-east of London. The River Medway runs through the centre of the town, linking it with Rochester and the Thames Estuary. Historically, the river carried much of the town's trade as the centre of the agricultural county of Kent, which is known as the Garden of England. There is evidence of settlement in the area dating back before the Stone Age. The town, part of the borough of Maidstone, had an approximate population of 100,000 in 2019. Since World War II, the town's economy has shifted from heavy industry towards light industry and services.