hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carbon nanocone
Carbon nanocones are conical structures which are made predominantly from carbon and which have at least one dimension of the order one micrometer or smaller. Nanocones have height and base diameter of the same order of magnitude; this distinguishes them from tipped nanowires, which are much longer than their diameter. Nanocones occur on the surface of natural graphite. Hollow carbon nanocones can also be produced by decomposing hydrocarbons with a plasma torch. Electron microscopy reveals that the opening angle (apex) of the cones is not arbitrary, but has preferred values of approximately 19°, 39°, 60°, 85° and 113°.  This observation was explained by a model of the cone wall composed of wrapped graphene sheets, where the geometrical requirement for seamless connection naturally accounted for the semi-discrete character and the absolute values of the cone angle.  A related carbon nanoform is the single-walled carbon nanohorn which typically form aggregates 80–100 nm in size.

Apex (geometry)
In geometry, an apex (pl.: apices) is the vertex which is in some sense the "highest" of the figure to which it belongs. The term is typically used to refer to the vertex opposite from some "base". The word is derived from the Latin for 'summit, peak, tip, top, extreme end'. The term apex may be used in different contexts:

In an isosceles triangle, the apex is the vertex where the two sides of equal length meet, opposite the unequal third side.

In a pyramid or cone, the apex is the vertex at the "top" (opposite the base). In a pyramid, the vertex is the point that is part of all the lateral faces, or where all the lateral edges meet.
2004 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia
The 2004 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia were held on November 2, 2004 to determine who will represent the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States House of Representatives. Virginia has eleven seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms.

Rick Boucher
Frederick Carlyle Boucher (/ˈbaʊtʃər/; born August 1, 1946) is an American politician and attorney who served as the U.S. representative for Virginia's 9th congressional district from 1983 to 2011. The district, which is massively rural, covers the majority of southwest Virginia. A member of the Democratic Party, he was defeated in his bid for re-election by Republican Morgan Griffith in 2010.
New Belgrade railway station
New Belgrade railway station (Serbian Cyrillic: Железничка станица Нови Београд) is a railway station in New Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. The railroad continues to Tošin Bunar and Zemun in one direction, and Belgrade Centre in the other direction. New Belgrade railway station consists of five railway tracks. It primarily serves New Belgrade, the central business district of Belgrade, and therefore is notably used by commuters from Novi Sad, Inđija and Stara Pazova. Since Belgrade centre railway station has weak connections to the network of public transport, New Belgrade railway station is also used by passenger from some neighbourhoods on the right bank of Sava, especially the ones in Čukarica municipality. Belgrade's Main bus station is located adjacent to the New Belgrade railway station.

Inđija
Inđija (Serbian Cyrillic: Инђија, pronounced [ǐndʑija]) is a town and a municipality located in the Srem District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2022, the town has total population of 24,450, while the municipality has 43,433 inhabitants. It is located in the geographical region of Syrmia.
Item-total correlation
The item–total correlation is the correlation between a scored item and the total test score. It is an item statistic used in psychometric analysis to diagnose assessment items that fail to indicate the underlying psychological trait so that they can be removed or revised.

Point-biserial correlation coefficient
The point biserial correlation coefficient (rpb) is a correlation coefficient used when one variable (e.g. Y) is dichotomous; Y can either be "naturally" dichotomous, like whether a coin lands heads or tails, or an artificially dichotomized variable. In most situations it is not advisable to dichotomize variables artificially. When a new variable is artificially dichotomized the new dichotomous variable may be conceptualized as having an underlying continuity. If this is the case, a biserial correlation would be the more appropriate calculation.

The point-biserial correlation is mathematically equivalent to the Pearson (product moment) correlation coefficient; that is, if we have one continuously measured variable X and a dichotomous variable Y, rXY = rpb. This can be shown by assigning two distinct numerical values to the dichotomous variable.
A Travis Tritt Christmas: Loving Time of the Year
A Travis Tritt Christmas: Loving Time of the Year is the first Christmas music album by American country music singer Travis Tritt. It was released September 29, 1992, via Warner Bros. Records. The album includes a mix of traditional songs, cover songs and new material.

Sonny James
James Hugh Loden (May 1, 1928 – February 22, 2016), known professionally as Sonny James, was an American country music singer and songwriter best known for his 1957 hit, "Young Love", topping both the Billboard Hot Country and  Disk Jockey singles charts. Dubbed the "Southern Gentleman" for his congenial manner, his greatest success came from ballads about the trials of love. James had 72 country and pop charted releases from 1953 to 1983, including an unprecedented five-year streak of 16 straight Billboard Hot Country number-one singles among his 26 Billboard Hot Country number-one hits. From 1964 to 1976, James placed 21 of his albums in the top 10 of Billboard Top Country Albums. James was given a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1961 and co-hosted the first Country Music Association Awards show in 1967. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2007.
Socialist Party of Tajikistan
The Socialist Party of Tajikistan (Russian: Социалистическая партия Таджикистана, romanized: Sotsialisticheskaya partiya Tadzhikistana; Tajik: Ҳизби Сотсиалистии Тоҷикистон, romanized: Hizbi Sotsialistii Tojikiston) is a political party in Tajikistan. The party was founded on 15 June 1996, and registered on 6 August the same year. The party publishes Ittixod (Иттиход). The chairman of the party, Safarali Kenjayev, was assassinated in Dushanbe in 1999. Prior to his murder, there had been speculations that he might have intended to run for president.

In early 2004, the party was divided, with two groups claiming the name 'Socialist Party of Tajikistan'. One group was led by Abduhalim Ghafarov, a Ministry of Education official, and Kurbon Vosiev, a presidential adviser. The other group was led by Mirhuseyn Narziev. The Ghafarov-led group, which supports the government, obtained the legal registration.

Tajik alphabet
The Tajik language has been written in three alphabets over the course of its history: the original Persian alphabet, a briefly used Roman-based orthography, and—more recently—a Cyrillic-based alphabet that is currently the official script in the Republic of Tajikistan.

The use of a specific alphabet generally corresponds with stages in history, with Arabic being used first for most of the time, followed by Latin, as a result of the Soviet takeover, for a short period and then Cyrillic, which remains the most widely used alphabet in Tajikistan. The Bukhori dialect spoken by Bukharan Jews traditionally used the Hebrew alphabet, but today is written using the Cyrillic variant.
Metallised film
Metallised films (or metallized films) are polymer films coated with a thin layer of metal, usually aluminium. They offer the glossy metallic appearance of an aluminium foil at a reduced weight and cost. Metallised films are widely used for decorative purposes and food packaging, and also for specialty applications including insulation and electronics.

Permeation
In physics and engineering, permeation (also called imbuing) is the penetration of a permeate (a fluid such as a liquid, gas, or vapor) through a solid. It is directly related to the concentration gradient of the permeate, a material's intrinsic permeability, and the materials' mass diffusivity. Permeation is modeled by equations such as Fick's laws of diffusion, and can be measured using tools such as a minipermeameter.
Gisbert Haefs
Gisbert Haefs (born 9 January 1950) is a German writer in several genres and translator. He has written historical novels such as Alexander, won both the Deutscher Science Fiction Preis and Kurd-Laßwitz-Preis in science fiction, and placed at the Deutscher Krimi Preis for crime fiction. As a translator he worked on a much criticized effort at translating works of Jorge Luis Borges into German.

His sister is the writer and translator Gabriele Haefs.

Kurd Laßwitz Award
The Kurd Laßwitz Award (German: Kurd-Laßwitz-Preis) is a science fiction award from Germany. The award is named after the science fiction author Kurd Laßwitz. Only works originally published in German are eligible for nomination in all categories except for the Foreign Work category.

Wolfgang Jeschke has won the award 19 times in four different categories, while Andreas Eschbach has won the prize 11 times in two different categories. The foreign-language category includes novels, stories, collections and non-fiction. Iain Banks and China Miéville won the foreign-language prize four times. Other authors to win multiple times are Hans Joachim Alpers, Carl Amery, Herbert W. Franke, Ian McDonald, Michael Marrak, and Connie Willis.
Watchem
Watchem is a town in north western Victoria, Australia. The town is in the Shire of Buloke local government area and on the Sunraysia Highway, 307 kilometres (191 mi) north west of the state capital, Melbourne and 35 kilometres (22 mi) from nearby Donald. At the 2021 census, Watchem and the surrounding area had a population of 124.

Watchem has a thriving lake based within walking distance from the town centre.

The Post Office opened on 2 November 1889.

With its neighbouring township Birchip, Watchem has a football team (Birchip-Watchem) competing in the North Central Football League.

Watchem also has a cricket team named the Watchem Panthers. They play at the Watchem Cricket Ground and compete in the Wimmera-Mallee Cricket Association B Grade. In the 2024/2025 season the Watchem Panthers won the Grand Final against Donald-Jeffcott C.C played at Marnoo Cricket Ground (M.C.G).

Shire of Buloke
The Shire of Buloke is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, located in the western part of the state. It covers an area of 8,000 square kilometres (3,100 sq mi) and, in August 2021, had a population of 6,201. It includes the towns of Birchip, Charlton, Donald, Sea Lake and Wycheproof.

The Shire is governed and administered by the Buloke Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the Council headquarters in Wycheproof, it also has service centres located in Birchip, Charlton, Donald and Sea Lake. The Shire is named after a major geographical feature in the region, Lake Buloke, which is located in the south of the LGA; the name also comes from the "buloke" or "bulloak" tree Allocasuarina luehmannii, which is common in the region.

Within the Shire, agriculture, particularly grain production, is the predominant source of income and employment.
Östanbäck Monastery
Östanbäck Monastery or the Monastery of the Holy Cross and the Prophet Elijah is an Evangelical Lutheran  monastery for men in the Benedictine tradition, located outside Sala in Sweden. The Monastery of the Holy Cross and the Prophet Elijah is under the auspices of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Sweden. The monks are known as The Brothers of the Holy Cross (Swedish: Heliga korsets brödraskap). The Mass is offered daily and the Divine Office is prayed by the monks seven times a day. The Brothers of the Holy Cross at Östanbäck Monastery engage in candlemaking to support their life, and are active in gardening and the raising of koi. The post-nominal letters used by the Brothers of the Holy Cross at Östanbäck Monastery are O.S.B. given that the monks follow the Rule of Saint Benedict. As of 2000, ten monks live at the Monastery of the Holy Cross and the Prophet Elijah, while a number of oblates are associated with it.

Koi
Koi (Japanese: 鯉; Japanese: [koꜜi], literally 'carp'), or more specifically nishikigoi (錦鯉; Japanese: [ɲiɕi̥kiꜜɡoi], literally 'brocaded carp'), are colored varieties of carp (Cyprinus sp.) that are kept for decorative purposes in outdoor koi ponds or water gardens.

Koi is an informal name for the colored variants of carp kept for ornamental purposes. There are many varieties of ornamental koi, originating from breeding that began in Niigata, Japan, in the early 19th century.

Several varieties are recognized by Japanese breeders and owners, distinguished by coloration, patterning, and scalation. Some of the major colors are white, black, red, orange, yellow, blue, brown and cream, besides metallic shades like gold and silver-white ('platinum') scales. The most popular category of koi is the Gosanke, which is made up of the Kōhaku, Taishō Sanshoku and Shōwa Sanshoku varieties.
Lawrence Gama
Lawrence M. Gama (19 January 1935 – 16 December 2009) was a Tanzanian politician and statesman. He served as Member of Parliament for the Songea constituency from 1995 to 2005 and was the Head of the National Service from May 1970 to January 1973, prior to that position. Gama also served as Regional Commissioner for the Dodoma, Ruvuma, Tabora, and Morogoro Regions of Tanzania, and Head of the Special Branch (precursor to the present day Tanzania Intelligence and Security Services - TISS).

Songea
Songea is the capital of Ruvuma Region in southwestern Tanzania. It is located along the A19 road.  The city has a population of 286,285, and is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Songea.  Between 1905 and 1907, the city was a centre of African resistance during the Maji Maji Rebellion in German East Africa.  The city is poised to experience significant economic growth in the near future as the Mtwara Corridor opens up in a few years. It is projected to be the sixth fastest growing city on the African continent between 2020 and 2025, with a 5.74% growth.
Vigra Church
Vigra Church (Norwegian: Vigra kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Giske Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located on the island of Vigra, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) southwest of the village of Roald. It is the church for the Vigra parish which is part of the Nordre Sunnmøre prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1894 using plans drawn up by the architect Gabriel Smith. The church seats about 500 people.

Diocese of Møre
The Diocese of Møre (Norwegian: Møre bispedømme) is a diocese in the Church of Norway which geographically consists of Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. Its bishop is seated at the Molde Cathedral which is located in the county administrative center of Molde. As of 2008, the Bishop of Møre is Ingeborg Midttømme.

The diocese was established on 18 September 1983, when the district of Sunnmøre was removed from the Diocese of Bjørgvin to the south, and the Romsdal and Nordmøre districts were removed from the Diocese of Nidaros to the north.  The three districts (which correspond to Møre og Romsdal county) were used to form the new diocese.
Kari Tiainen
Kari Tiainen (born 26 August 1966 in Riihimäki) is a Finnish former professional enduro rider. He competed in the World Enduro Championships from 1989 to 2003. Tiainen is notable for being a seven-time World Enduro Champion and held the record for most wins in the world championship (77), until the record was broken by compatriot Juha Salminen during the 2008 season. In 2012, Tiainen was named an FIM Legend for his motorcycling achievements.

Enduro
Enduro is a form of motorcycle sport run on extended cross-country, off-road courses. Enduro consists of many different obstacles and challenges. The main type of enduro event, and the format to which the World Enduro Championship is run, is a time-card enduro, whereby a number of stages are raced in a time trial against the clock.
Khammouane province
Khammouane province (Khammouan) (Lao: ຄໍາມ່ວນ, pronounced [kʰám mūan]) is a province in southern Laos. Its capital is Thakhek. Khammouane province covers an area of 16,315 square kilometres (6,299 sq mi), most of which is forested mountainous terrain. The forests of the Nakai-Nam Theun National Park contains streams that feed Mekong tributaries and form the catchment area for Nam Theun 2, the largest hydropower project in Laos. The Xe Bang Fai River, Nam Hinboun River, and the Nam Theun are some of the rivers of the province.

Part of the aborted Thakhek-Tan Ap railway would have crossed the province to connect with the North-South Railway at Tân Ấp Railway Station, Quảng Bình province, Vietnam through Mụ Giạ Pass. Khammouane's human development index is 0.602 which is less than the Laos average of 0.620.

Tân Ấp station
Tân Ấp station is a railway station on the North–South railway (Reunification Express) line in Vietnam. It serves the town of Tân Ấp in Quảng Bình Province. From 1933, the station also served as a terminus of the  Tân Ấp–Xóm Cục railway, the only stretch of railway opened as part of the aborted Thakhek–Tân Ấp railway.

It is uncertain when this stretch of railway was closed, but part, if not all of the railway was reopened by North Vietnam in the 1960s as part of their efforts to aid Vietcong guerillas travelling southwards along the Hồ Chí Minh trail, which begins just south of Xóm Cục in the Mụ Giạ Pass.
Bondage hood
A bondage hood (also called a gimp mask or bondage mask) is a fetishistic hood. It may be made from rubber, latex, PVC, spandex, darlexx or leather.  Full-faced hoods are typically used for the practice of head bondage, and to restrain and objectify the wearer through depersonalization, disorientation and/or sensory deprivation.

The use of bondage hoods can be hazardous if breathing is impeded.

Bondage hoods are frequently referenced in popular culture, most notably in the film Pulp Fiction.

Polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl chloride (alternatively: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: vinyl or polyvinyl; abbreviated: PVC) is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic polymer of plastic (after polyethylene and polypropylene). About 40 million tons of PVC are produced each year.

PVC comes in rigid (sometimes abbreviated as RPVC) and flexible forms. Rigid PVC is used in construction for pipes, doors and windows. It is also used in making plastic bottles, packaging, and bank or membership cards. Adding plasticizers makes PVC softer and more flexible. It is used in plumbing, electrical cable insulation, flooring, signage, phonograph records, inflatable products, and in rubber substitutes. With cotton or linen, it is used in the production of canvas.

Polyvinyl chloride is a white, brittle solid. It is soluble in ketones, chlorinated solvents, dimethylformamide, THF and DMAc.
Alena Arzamasskaia
Alena Arzamasskaia (or Alyona; Erzyan: Эрзямассонь Олёна, Russian: Алёна Арзамасская; died 1670), sometimes called the Russian Joan of Arc, was a famed female rebel fighter in 17th-century Russia, posing as a man and fighting in Cossack Stepan Razin's (Peasants' Revolt) revolt of 1670 in southern Russia. Unlike Joan of Arc, who was fighting in the name of her king, Alyona was rebelling against her czar. She was an Erzyan female ataman under the leadership of Stepan Razin. A peasant by birth from the Vyezdnaya sloboda of Arzamas, she was an elderly nun ("старица") before becoming an ataman. She commanded a detachment of about 600 men and participated in the capture of Temnikov in 1670, before being burned at the stake.

Ataman
Ataman (variants: otaman, wataman, vataman; Russian: атаман, romanized: ataman; Ukrainian: отаман, romanized: otaman, German: Feldataman) was a title of Cossack and haidamak leaders of various kinds. In the Russian Empire, the term was the official title of the supreme military commanders of the Cossack armies. The Ukrainian version of the same word is hetman. Otaman in Ukrainian Cossack forces was a position of a lower rank.
The Quest of Kadji
The Quest of Kadji is a fantasy novel  by American writer Lin Carter, the first book of the Chronicles of Kylix series. It was first published in paperback by Belmont Books in July 1971, and was reprinted in December 1972. The first edition in the United Kingdom was published by Five Star Books in 1973. Wildside Press issued a trade paperback edition in December 1999 and an ebook edition in August 2014. The novel has been translated into Dutch, Portuguese and French.

Fantasy literature
Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults.

Fantasy is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form, but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the genre has taken the form of fantasy films, fantasy television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art.

Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, the Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Hobbit.
Courtright, Ontario
Courtright is an unincorporated community in St. Clair Township, Lambton County, Ontario, Canada. It is located on the St. Clair River, south of Sarnia. It was incorporated as a village on June 25, 1907, and disincorporated in 1974.

Dissolution (politics)
Dissolution in politics is when a state, institution, nation, or administrative region dissolves or ceases to exist, usually separating into two or more entities, or being annexed. This can be carried out through armed conflict, legal means, diplomacy, or a combination of any or all of the three. It is similar to dissolution in the legal sense.

It is not to be confused with secession, where a state, institution, nation, or administrative region leaves; nor federalisation where the structure changes but is not dissolved. There have been several dissolutions in history, while others have been proposed or advanced as hypotheticals.
Giovanni Andrea Lazzarini
Giovanni Andrea Lazzarini (19 November 1710 – 7 September 1801) was an Italian painter, poet, and art historian of the late-Baroque or Rococo.

He was born at Pesaro. He was instructed in painting by Francesco Mancini, and studied at Rome from 1734 to 1749, and worked subsequently at Venice and Forlì in a style recalling Carlo Cignani. He distinguished himself as a fresco-painter. He was, however, a better teacher than artist. He was erudite and wrote extensively including Descrizione della cupola d'Assisi, Catalogo ragionato delle pitture della chiesa di Pesaro, and a book on Pittura. He was a professor at the Academy of Pesaro from 1753.

Among his pupils were Pietro Marchioretto. His works were painted for Gualdo, near Rimini, and for the Cathedrals of Osimo, Foligno, Ancona, and Pesaro. He also painted for the church of Sant'Agostino in Pesaro. He died in Pesaro. The square outside the Teatro Rossini in Pesaro is named after him.

Sant'Agostino, Pesaro
Sant'Agostino is a Roman Catholic church, originally founded in the 13th-century but refurbished in the following centuries, located on Corso XI Settembre in the historic center of Pesaro, region of Marche, Italy.