hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lawn bowls at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games
Lawn bowls at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games was the ninth appearance of the Lawn bowls at the Commonwealth Games. Competition at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games took place in Christchurch, New Zealand from 24 January until 2 February 1974.

The events were held at the 2,000 seating capacity Woolston Working Men's Club, where three greens consisting of Cotula weed provided the playing surface. The pavilion had been recently refurbished.

David Bryant won his third successive Commonwealth Games singles gold medal, with a medals cache of four golds although not competing in 1966. Host country New Zealand won the fours (their seventh gold medal since the start of the games in 1930).

1974 British Commonwealth Games
The 1974 British Commonwealth Games (Māori: 1974 Taumāhekeheke Commonwealth) were held in Christchurch, New Zealand, from 24 January to 2 February 1974. The bid vote was held in Edinburgh at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games. The event was officially named "the friendly games".

There were 1,276 competitors and 372 officials, according to the official history, and public attendance was excellent. The main venue was the QEII Park, purpose-built for this event, which included the athletics stadium, fully covered Olympic standard pool, diving pool, and practice pools.

The Games village was located at the University of Canterbury and had accommodation in the halls of residence and a dining hall for the competitors.

The theme song was "Join Together", sung by Steve Allen. The event was held after the 1974 Commonwealth Paraplegic Games in Dunedin for wheelchair athletes.
Crusade Against Communism Medal
The Medalia Cruciada împotriva comunismului ("Crusade Against Communism medal", in reference to Operation Barbarossa) was a Romanian military award of  World War II. It was instituted on April 1, 1942, by the Royal Decree No. 1014, of King Michael I of Romania. It was commissioned to recognise the distinguished service of Romanian and other Axis powers military and civilian personnel operating on both the Eastern and Home fronts.

Military awards and decorations
Military awards and decorations are distinctions given as a mark of honor for military heroism, meritorious or outstanding service or achievement. A decoration is often a medal consisting of a ribbon and a medallion.

Civil decorations awarded to military personnel should not be considered military decorations, although some orders of chivalry have civil and military divisions. Decorations received by police and fire brigade personnel may sometimes be considered alongside military decorations, on which they may be modelled, although they are strictly not military awards.

Military awards and decorations may take the form of medal ribbons or miniature medals, which are mounted together on a bar known as a barrette.
Ginger and Fred
Ginger and Fred (Italian: Ginger e Fred) is a 1986 comedy-drama film written and directed by Federico Fellini and starring Marcello Mastroianni and Giulietta Masina.

The title is a reference to the American dancing couple Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers. The two leads portray Italian impersonators of Astaire and Rogers who reunite after thirty years of retirement for a vulgar and bizarre television extravaganza.

The film was the subject of a trademark claim in the United States by Ginger Rogers, who claimed in Rogers v. Grimaldi that the film violated her Lanham Act trademark rights, right of publicity, and was a "false light" defamation.  The Second Circuit rejected this claim, finding that "suppressing an artistically relevant though ambiguous[ly] title[d] film" on trademark grounds would "unduly restrict expression."

Lanham Act
The Lanham (Trademark) Act (Pub. L. 79–489, 60 Stat. 427, enacted July 5, 1946, codified at 15 U.S.C. § 1051 et seq. (15 U.S.C. ch. 22) is the primary federal statute governing trademark law in the United States.

The Lanham Act establishes a national system of trademark registration and grants owners of federally registered trademarks the right to pursue civil remedies for trademark infringement, trademark dilution, cybersquatting, and false advertising.
Cultural depictions of lions
The lion has been an important symbol to humans for tens of thousands of years. The earliest graphic representations feature lions as organized hunters with great strength, strategies, and skills. In later depictions of human cultural ceremonies, lions were often used symbolically and may have played significant roles in magic, as deities or close association with deities, and served as intermediaries and clan identities.

Bastet
Bastet or Bast (Ancient Egyptian: bꜣstt), also known as Ubasti or Bubastis, is a goddess of ancient Egyptian religion, possibly of Nubian origin, worshipped as early as the Second Dynasty (2890 BCE). In ancient Greek religion, she was known as Ailuros (Koine Greek: αἴλουρος, lit. 'cat').

Bastet was worshipped in Bubastis in Lower Egypt, originally as a lioness goddess, a role shared by other deities such as Sekhmet. Eventually Bastet and Sekhmet were characterized as two aspects of the same goddess, with Sekhmet representing the powerful warrior and protector aspect, and Bastet, who increasingly was depicted as a cat, representing a gentler aspect.
Push Eject
"Push Eject" is a maxi single by the Japanese electronica/rock duo Boom Boom Satellites, combining the title track taken of their first Out Loud album with tracks and remixes previously available on their 7 Ignitions EP in the West.

The song is on OST for the game Gran Turismo 2.

Gran Turismo 2
Gran Turismo 2 is a 1999 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It is the sequel to Gran Turismo, the second installment of the Gran Turismo series, and the first video game to be developed by Polyphony Digital.

Gran Turismo 2 was a critical and commercial success, shipping 1.73 million units in Asia, 3.96 million units in North America, and 3.68 million units in Europe for a total of 9.37 million units as of April 30, 2008, and eventually becoming a Sony Greatest Hits game.
North Adams Transcript
The North Adams Transcript, prior to being merged into The Berkshire Eagle in 2014, was an American daily newspaper published Mondays through Saturdays in North Adams, Massachusetts. It was one of four Massachusetts newspapers owned by MediaNews Group of Colorado. Under the ownership of MediaNews Group and later Digital First Media, it was part of the New England Newspapers group. The group also included the Berkshire Eagle and Advocate Weekly, as well as three Vermont newspapers — the Bennington Banner, Brattleboro Reformer and Manchester Journal. The Advocate Weekly was shut down in January 2014.

Branded as "The Voice of the Northern Berkshires Since 1843," the Transcript covered North Adams and Adams, Cheshire, Clarksburg, Florida, Hancock, Lanesborough, New Ashford, and Williamstown, Massachusetts; and Pownal and Stamford, Vermont.

Florida, Massachusetts
Florida is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is home to the east portal of the Hoosac Tunnel, as well as Whitcomb Summit (elevation 2,172 ft or 662 m), the highest point of the Mohawk Trail. Florida contains the village of Drury. At the 2020 census the town had a total population of 694. Despite the town’s name, Florida is statistically the coldest and snowiest town in Massachusetts.
Mohammadreza Jounakizadeh
Mohammadreza Jounakizadeh (Persian: محمدرضا جونکی‌زاده) was an Iranian football goalkeeper who played for Persepolis in 2001–02 Iran Pro League. He left the club at the end of season and joined Esteghlal Ahvaz.

2001–02 Iran Pro League
The following is the standings of the Persian Gulf Cup's 2001–02 football season. This was the first season of the Iran Pro League (Persian Gulf Cup) and replaced the Azadegan League as top tier of men's professional football division in the Iranian football league system. Persepolis became the first team to win the title under the management of Ali Parvin.
WHO Surgical Safety Checklist
The World Health Organization (WHO) published the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in 2008 in order to increase the safety of patients undergoing surgery.  The checklist serves to remind the surgical team of important items to be performed before and after the surgical procedure in order to reduce adverse events such as surgical site infections or retained instruments. It is one affordable and sustainable tool for reducing deaths from surgery in low and middle income countries.

Several studies have shown the checklist to reduce the rate of deaths and surgical complications by as much as one-third in centres where it is used. While the checklist has been widely adopted due to its efficacy in many studies as well as for its simplicity, some hospitals still struggle with implementation due to local customs and to a lack of buy-in from surgical staff.

Patient
A patient is any recipient of health care services that are performed by healthcare professionals. The patient is most often ill or injured and in need of treatment by a physician, nurse, optometrist, dentist, veterinarian, or other health care provider.
Congener (beverages)
In the alcoholic beverage industry, congeners are substances produced during fermentation other than the desired type of alcohol (ethanol). These substances include small amounts of chemicals such as methanol and other alcohols (known as fusel alcohols), acetone, acetaldehyde, esters, tannins, and aldehydes (e.g., furfural). Congeners are responsible for most of the taste and aroma of distilled alcoholic beverages and contribute to the taste of non-distilled drinks. Brandy, rum, and red wine have the highest amount of congeners, while vodka and beer have the least.

Congeners are the basis of alcohol congener analysis, a sub-discipline of forensic toxicology that determines what a person drank.

There is some evidence that high-congener drinks induce more severe hangovers, but the effect is not well studied and is still secondary to the total amount of ethanol consumed.

Odor
An odor (American English) or odour (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is a smell or a scent caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds generally found in low concentrations that humans and many animals can perceive via their olfactory system. While smell can refer to pleasant and unpleasant odors, the terms scent, aroma, and fragrance are usually reserved for pleasant-smelling odors and are frequently used in the food and cosmetic industry to describe floral scents or to refer to perfumes.
CD Imperio de Albolote
Club Deportivo Imperio de Albolote was a football team based in Albolote. Founded in 1931 and dissolved in 2012, the team played in Regional Preferente. The club's home ground is Estadio Municipal de Albolote.

Shortly after the club's dissolution, a new club named Albolote CF was founded in the city, but was dissolved in 2020 and CF Imperio de Albolote took its place.

Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in Andalusia
The Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in the Community of Andalusia, are organized by the Federación Andaluza de Fútbol:

División de Honor (Level 6 of the Spanish football pyramid)

Primera Andaluza (Level 7)

Segunda Andaluza (Level 8)

Tercera Andaluza (Level 9)
Mayor of Limerick
The Mayor of Limerick is the head of the local government of the City and County of Limerick. It is a directly elected office with a five-year term. Following the 2024 Limerick mayoral election, John Moran was inaugurated as the first office-holder on 21 June 2024.

Prior to June 2024, it was the title used by the chairperson of Limerick City and County Council. Prior to the amalgamation of the city and county councils in 2014, the mayor was the chairperson of Limerick City Council. The office was originally established in 1195 and reinforced by a charter issued in 1197.

County Limerick
County Limerick (Irish: Contae Luimnigh) is a western county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is located in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Limerick. Limerick City and County Council is the local council for the county. The county's population at the 2022 census was 209,536 of whom 102,287 lived in Limerick City, the county capital.
Jung Seung-hwa
Jung Seung-hwa (Korean: 정승화; Korean pronunciation: [tɕʌŋ.sɯŋ.ɦwa]; born 27 March 1981) is a South Korean épée fencer, individual bronze medallist and team silver medallist at the 2015 World Fencing Championships. With the South Korean team he was also gold medallist at the 2010 Asian Games.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Chen Lin (badminton)
Chen Lin (Chinese: 陈林, born  March 7, 1977) is a former female Chinese badminton player. She starts her career in badminton in her own province - Anhua County Badminton School in 1986 until made it into the first national team in 1999.

She was a solid choice for China during late 90's and early 2000 in women's doubles with Jiang Xuelian, winning several high profile tournaments such as Denmark Open, Hong Kong Open and German Open. She won the bronze medal at the 2001 Badminton World Championships in the women's doubles together with Jiang. Besides women's doubles, Chen Lin is also an established mixed doubles player, winning Dutch Open twice with Chen Qiqiu and also China Open with Liu Yong.

After several downturns of performance in 2003, Chen called it quit in 2004 and continuing her study in administrative management at Jinan University in Guangzhou.

Denmark Open
The Denmark Open, or formerly known as Danish Open, is an annual badminton tournament held in Denmark and organized by Badminton Denmark. It was part of the BWF Super Series from 2011 to 2017. BWF categorised it as one of the five BWF World Tour Super 750 events per the BWF events structure since 2018.
Sundance Channel
Sundance Channel can refer to:

Sundance TV, formerly known as Sundance Channel (United States).

Sundance Channel (Canada)

Sundance Channel (Netherlands)

Sundance Channel (Europe)

Sundance Channel (Iberia)

Sundance Channel (Asia)

Sundance Channel (Turkey)

Sundance TV
Sundance TV (formerly known as Sundance Channel) is an American pay television channel owned by AMC Networks that launched on February 1, 1996. The channel is named after Robert Redford's character in Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid and, while it is an extension of Redford's non-profit Sundance Institute, the channel operates independently of both the Institute and the Sundance Film Festival.

Originally, Sundance was dedicated largely to airing documentaries, independent feature films, short films, world cinema, and coverage on the latest developments from each year's Sundance Film Festival. The channel has since incorporated both original and acquired programming and became fully ad-supported in 2013, with programming being edited for content soon thereafter.

As of November 2023, Sundance is available to approximately 54,000,000 pay television households in the United States-down from its 2017 peak of 71,000,000 households.
Richard J. Ross
Richard J. Ross (born July 6, 1954) is a former Massachusetts State Senator for the former Norfolk, Bristol, and Middlesex district, which included parts of Attleboro, Franklin, Natick, and Wellesley, and all of North Attleboro, Ross's home town of Wrentham, Plainville, Norfolk, Millis, Sherborn, Wayland, and Needham. He is a Republican, and served as the Senate Minority Whip.

Norfolk, Massachusetts
Norfolk (/ˈnɔːrfək/ NOR-fək, locally /ˈnɔːrfɔːrk/ NOR-fork) is a New England town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States, with a population of 11,662 people at the 2020 census. Formerly known as North Wrentham, Norfolk broke away to become an independent town in 1870.
Kevin Dick
Kevin Dick (born 27 October 1957), also known by the nickname of "Iron Teddy Bear", is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. He played at representative level for Great Britain, and at club level for Leeds, Hull FC, Halifax and Huddersfield, as a goal-kicking scrum-half.

Drop goal
A drop goal, field goal, or dropped goal is a method of scoring points in rugby union and rugby league and also, rarely, in American football and Canadian football. 
A drop goal is scored by drop kicking the ball (dropping the ball and then kicking it as it rises from the first bounce) over the crossbar and between the posts of the goal posts. After the kick, the ball must not touch the ground before it goes over and through, although it may touch the crossbar, the uprights or an opponent. A drop goal in rugby union is worth three points, and in rugby league a drop goal is usually worth one point (see below).

If the drop goal attempt is successful, play stops and the non-scoring team (the scoring team in rugby union sevens) restarts play with a kick from halfway. If the kick is unsuccessful, play continues and the offside rules for a kick apply. Defenders may tackle the kicker while he is in possession of the ball, or attempt to charge down or block the kick.
Gravitational metric system
The gravitational metric system (original French term Système des Méchaniciens) is a non-standard system of units, which does not comply with the International System of Units (SI). It is built on the three base quantities length, time and force with base units metre, second and kilopond respectively. Internationally used abbreviations of the system are MKpS, MKfS or MKS (from French mètre–kilogramme-poids–seconde or mètre–kilogramme-force–seconde).
However, the abbreviation MKS is also used for the MKS system of units, which, like the SI, uses mass in kilogram as a base unit.

Second
The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day, first into hours, then into minutes, and lastly into seconds, for a total of 24 × 60 × 60 = 86,400 seconds per day. The definition that is based on 1⁄86400 of a rotation of the earth is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system.

The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise:

The second [...] is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, ΔνCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1.

This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation.
Stan Sayer
Stanley Charles Sayer (2 February 1895 – 3 April 1982) was an English footballer who scored 51 goals from 201 appearances in the Football League playing for Millwall Athletic, Tranmere Rovers, New Brighton, Wigan Borough, Lincoln City and Southend United. He played as a centre forward or inside forward. He also played non-league football for Ramsgate Town, Northfleet and Dartford.

New Brighton A.F.C.
New Brighton Association Football Club is the name of two former football clubs from the seaside resort of New Brighton, in Wallasey, Merseyside in England. The original club founded in 1921 were members of the Football League from 1923 until 1951, playing 21 seasons in Division 3 North but were disbanded in 1983. In 1993, a club with the same name was formed and played in the West Cheshire League, until folding in 2012.
John Denis Browne
John Denis Browne (1798 – 21 May 1862) was an Irish politician.

The fourth son of Denis Browne, John lived at Mount Browne in County Mayo, and was related to the Marquess of Sligo.  He stood in the 1831 UK general election in County Mayo, and was elected for the Whigs.  He held the seat in the 1832 UK general elections, but was defeated in 1835.

1831 United Kingdom general election
The 1831 United Kingdom general election was held from 28 April 1831 to 1 June 1831. With electoral reform becoming a major issue, the Whigs under Prime Minister Earl Grey won a decisive victory with a majority of 82 seats. This was the last election before the Reform Act 1832.
German submarine U-2542
German submarine U-2542 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 10 November 1944 at Blohm & Voss, Hamburg, as yard number 2542. She was launched on 22 January 1945, and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See  Otto Hübschen on 5 March 1945.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Rutger Stuffken
Rutger Stuffken (11 August 1947 – 22 November 2023) was a Dutch coxswain. He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in the eight event and finished in ninth place.

Stuffken died in Hilversum on 22 November 2023, at the age of 76.

Coxswain (rowing)
In a rowing crew, the coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ KOK-sən or /ˈkɒksweɪn/ KOK-swayn; colloquially known as the cox or coxie) is a crewmember who does not row but directs the boat. The coxswain sits facing the bow, unlike the rowers, and is responsible for steering the boat and coordinating the power and rhythm of the rowers. The coxswain's role while on the water is similar to that of an assistant coach or team captain, and they are sometimes also called upon to implement the training regimen or race plan.

In most racing, coxswains may be of either sex regardless of the sex of the rowers. Often they are women, since women are more likely to be near the ideal weight of a cox, which is 110 lbs or 120 lbs for USRowing and 55 kg for World Rowing (see Sex, and Weight, below).