hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Axel Meyer
Axel Meyer (born 4 August 1960) is a German evolutionary biologist and a professor of zoology and evolutionary biology at the University of Konstanz, Germany.

Meyer is best known for his work on the evolution and adaptive radiation of African cichlid fishes, fish-specific genome duplications, molecular phylogenetics of vertebrates, and the role of ecological and sexual selection in speciation.

German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
The German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (German: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina – Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften), in short Leopoldina, is the national academy of Germany, and is located in Halle (Saale). Founded on 1 January 1652, based on academic models in Italy, it was originally named the Academia Naturae Curiosorum until 1687 when Emperor Leopold I raised it to an academy and named it after himself. It was since known under the German name Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina until 2007, when it was declared to be Germany's National Academy of Sciences.
Nikolaos Salavrakos
Nikolaos Salavrakos (Greek: Νικόλαος Σαλαβράκος; born 15 February 1946 in Kalamata) is a Greek politician who was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2009 to 2014, representing the Popular Orthodox Rally. In 2019, he became president of the party.

Kalamata
Kalamata (Greek: Καλαμάτα [kalaˈmata]) is the second most populous city of the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece after Patras, and the largest city of the homonymous administrative region. As the capital and chief port of the Messenia regional unit, it lies along the Nedon River at the head of the Messenian Gulf.

The 2021 census recorded 72,906 inhabitants for the wider Kalamata Municipality, of which 66,135 resided in the municipal unit of Kalamata, and 58,816 in the city proper. Kalamata is renowned as the land of the Kalamatianos dance, Kalamata olives and Kalamata olive oil.
S. A. von Rottemburg
Siegmund Adrian von Rottemburg (28 April 1745 – 1797) was a German entomologist in the 18th century. Little is known about him by scientific historians. In the 1770s he took over Johann Siegfried Hufnagel's lepidopterological collection and published several works about it in Der Naturforscher.

He described several species:

Paranthrene tabaniformis (dusky clearwing)

Hyles gallii (bedstraw hawk-moth)

Thymelicus acteon (Lulworth skipper)

Lycaena alciphron (purple-shot copper)

Polyommatus semiargus (Mazarine blue)

Polyommatus icarus (common blue)

Polyommatus bellargus (Adonis blue)

Brenthis ino (lesser marbled fritillary)

Euphydryas aurinia (marsh fritillary)

Melitaea athalia (heath fritillary)

Hyponephele lycaon (dusky meadow brown)

Purple-shot copper
The purple-shot copper (Lycaena alciphron) is a butterfly in the family of the Lycaenidae or copper butterflies and in the genus of the Lycaena.

The coloring of the males and the females is very different, i.e. the sexual dimorphism is very strong. The top sides of the wings are red-gold with black spots. The males fluoresce purple, while the females' top side is brown, also with black spots. The rear wings have submarginal spots.

The caterpillar is nocturnal and eats sorrel. The fully-grown butterfly feeds from wild thyme, ground-elder, and blackberry flowers.

The purple-shot copper can be found in Europe, Morocco, and Turkey at heights between 500 and 900 meters.

This butterfly migrates from June to July.
Lost at the Front
Lost at the Front is a 1927 American silent comedy film directed by Del Lord and written by Hampton Del Ruth, Frank Griffin, and Ralph Spence. The film stars George Sidney, Charles Murray, Natalie Kingston, John Kolb, Max Asher, and Brooks Benedict. The film was released on May 29, 1927, by First National Pictures.

Frank Griffin (director)
Frank Griffin (September 17, 1886 – March 17, 1953) was an American film director, writer, and actor of the silent era. He directed 29 films between 1914 and 1924. He was born in Norfolk, Virginia, and died in Los Angeles, California from a heart attack.
Nga Tsin Wai Tsuen
Nga Tsin Wai Tsuen, also known as Hing Yau Yu Tsuen, was a walled village in Wong Tai Sin, Kowloon, Hong Kong with a history spanning more than 600 years.

It was the last walled village in the urban core of Hong Kong before its resumption for redevelopment by the Urban Renewal Authority (URA), a government agency, in 2016.

Kowloon
Kowloon (/ˌkaʊˈluːn/) is one of the three areas of Hong Kong, along with Hong Kong Island and the New Territories. It is an urban area comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon. It has a population of 2,019,533  and a population density of 43,033/km2 (111,450/sq mi) in 2006. It is the smallest, second most populous, and most densely populated of the divisions.
University of Halabja
The University of Halabja, orUoH (زانكۆى هه‌ڵه‌بجه‌ in Kurdish) is one of the Iraqi Kurdistan public universities founded in 2011 in the city of Halabja, Halabja Governorate. The university offers a variety of programs such as human sciences, law, physical education, engineering, sciences. Programs last for four years and students receive BA degrees in their corresponding fields at the end of the fourth year. the university campus is situated in Halabja and the college of Education in Sharazoor District. The first president of Halabja University was Dr. Khasraw Abdulla Ali. The current president is Dr. Mahabad Kamil Abdullah

Halabja
Halabja (Kurdish: ھەڵەبجە, romanized: Helebce, Arabic: حلبجة) is a city in northeast Iraq and the capital of Halabja Governorate, located about 240 km (150 mi) northeast of Baghdad and 14 km (9 mi) from the Iranian border.

The city lies at the base of what is often called the greater Hewraman region, stretching across the Iran-Iraq border. Halabja is surrounded by Hawraman and the Shnrwe range in the northeast, the Balambo range in the south and the Sirwan river in the west. Kurds in the city of Halabja mostly speak the Sorani dialect of Kurdish, but the residents of the  villages to the east of the city speak the Hewrami dialect.
The Journey Home (1989 film)
The Journey Home is a Canadian drama short film, directed by Marc F. Voizard and released in 1989. The film stars Jessalyn Gilsig as Jeannie Munroe, a teenage girl who learns an important lesson about the difficulties of adulthood after her father (John Boylan) loses his job.

The cast also includes Geraldine Farrell, Ian Finlay, Dean Hagopian, Terra Maria, Sandra Oh, Philip Spensley and Gordon Michael Woolvett.

The film premiered at the 1989 Montreal World Film Festival.

The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 11th Genie Awards in 1990.

Genie Awards
The Genie Awards were given out annually by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to recognize the best of Canadian cinema from 1980–2012. They succeeded the Canadian Film Awards (1949–1978). In 2013, the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its sister presentation for television, the Gemini Awards, to form the Canadian Screen Awards.

Genie Award candidates were selected from submissions made by the owners of Canadian films or their representatives, based on the criteria laid out in the Genie Rules and Regulations booklet which were distributed to Academy members and industry members. Peer-group juries, assembled from volunteer members of the Academy, met to watch the submissions and select a group of nominees. Academy members then voted on these nominations.
Puerto Rico Metropolitan Bus Authority
The Autoridad Metropolitana de Autobuses (AMA, English: Puerto Rico Metropolitan Bus Authority) is a government-owned corporation and public transport bus service based in the San Juan metropolitan area. It is part of the Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public Works and the Puerto Rico Integrated Transit Authority (ATI). In 2024, the system had a ridership of 2,029,400, or about 8,400 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

San Juan–Bayamón–Caguas metropolitan area
The San Juan–Bayamón–Caguas metropolitan area, most commonly known as the San Juan metropolitan area (Spanish: área metropolitana de San Juan), is the largest and most populous metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in Puerto Rico, concentrated in the capital of San Juan and surrounding municipalities, including Bayamón, Caguas, and Carolina, on the northeastern coastal plain of the main island. One of 6 metropolitan statistical areas in Puerto Rico, it is within the San Juan–Bayamón combined statistical area (CSA), which is one of 3 combined statistical areas in the archipelago as defined by the United States Census Bureau. As of 2023, the estimated population of the San Juan–Bayamón–Caguas metropolitan area is 842,535 in municipalities in the conurbation and 1,193,198 in municipalities outside the urban core, making it the fourth largest in the insular Caribbean.
2015 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round
The 2015 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round was the first round of the 2015 Superbike World Championship and also the 2015 Supersport World Championship. It took place over the weekend of 20–22 February 2015 at the Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit located in Cowes, Victoria, Australia.

2015 Supersport World Championship
The 2015 Supersport World Championship was the seventeenth season of the Supersport World Championship—the nineteenth taking into account the two held under the name of Supersport World Series. Kenan Sofuoğlu claimed the title for the fourth time in the championship's history with one race to spare.
Beldeutas
Beldeutas (Kazakh: Белдеутас) is a village in Karkaraly District, Karaganda Region, Kazakhstan. It is part of the Amanzholov Rural District (KATO code - 354837400). Population: 198 (2009 census results); 271 (1999 census results).

Karkaraly District
Karkaraly District (Kazakh: Қарқаралы ауданы, Qarqaraly audany) is a district of Karaganda Region in central Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Karkaraly. As of 2019, the district is home to a population of 36,025 people.
National Highway 11 (Djibouti)
The RN-11 National Highway is a national highway in Djibouti. It has a length of 120 kilometres (75 mi) across the region of Tadjourah and is the most important road link in the country. It runs from Tadjoura on the Gulf of Tadjoura through the mountains to the Ethiopian border on the west.

The road is mentioned in the 2009 IMF report where restoring the road was one of priorities. According to the document, the action was about'upgrading to modern dirt road standard of the Randa - Dorra segment of National Highway 11, linking the Route de l’Unité to Ethiopia through the north-eastern zones of the country, and the Randa-Day segments serving one of the country's key tourist areas. The sections in question are 51 km and 15 km long, respectively. The components of the project are as follows: technical, economic and environmental studies,  earthworks  surveillance and oversight of works execution'.

Tadjourah Region
The Tadjourah Region Somali: Gobolka Tajoora, Afar: Rakaakay Tagórri) is a region in north-central Djibouti, the largest of its six regions. With its capital at Tadjourah, it has an area of 7,100 square kilometres (2,700 sq mi). It lies along the Gulf of Tadjoura, and the coastal city of Tadjoura. The region has active salt and fisheries industries, and is served by the Tadjoura Airport. In total area, it is larger than Brunei and smaller than Cyprus.
ThinkPad 365
The IBM ThinkPad 365 is a notebook computer series developed by IBM and manufactured by ASE Group. It was released in North America in November 1995, and was the successor of the ThinkPad 360 series. The series had eight models that were released before being discontinued, and was succeeded in 1997 by the ThinkPad 380 series.

DSTN
DSTN (double super twisted nematic), also known as dual-scan super twisted nematic or simply dual-scan, is an LCD technology in which a screen is divided in half, which are simultaneously refreshed giving faster refresh rate than traditional passive matrix screens. It is an improved form of supertwist nematic display that offers low power consumption but inferior sharpness and brightness compared to TFT screens.
2000 Clásica de San Sebastián
The 2000 Clásica de San Sebastián was the 20th edition of the Clásica de San Sebastián cycle race and was held on 12 August 2000. The race started and finished in San Sebastián. The race was won by Erik Dekker of the Rabobank team.

Erik Dekker
Hendrik "Erik" Dekker (born 21 August 1970) is a retired Dutch professional road racing cyclist active from 1992 until 2006. He was a member of the Rabobank cycling team from 1992 till 2006. From 2007 to 2015 he was one of Rabobank's team managers.
Bayanoun
Bayanoun (Arabic: بيانون) is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the A'zaz District of Aleppo Governorate, located northwest of Aleppo. Nearby localities include Al-Zahraa and Mayer to the north and Hreitan to the south. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Bayanoun had a population of 3,824 in the 2004 census.

Azaz District
Azaz District (Arabic: منطقة أعزاز, romanized: manṭiqat A'zāz) is a district of Aleppo Governorate in northern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Azaz. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 251,769.

The district lies between Afrin District to the west, Mount Simeon District to the south and al-Bab District to the east. To the north is the Kilis Province of Turkey.
Rich Beck
Richard Henry Beck (born January 21, 1940) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher. Beck played for the New York Yankees in the 1965 baseball season.

Beck was signed by the Yankees as an amateur free agent in 1962 from Gonzaga University, where he played college baseball for the Bulldogs from 1961 to 1962.

Gonzaga University
Gonzaga University (GU) (/ɡənˈzæɡə/ ghən-ZAG-ə) is a private Jesuit university in Spokane, Washington, United States. It is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities. Founded in 1887 by Joseph Cataldo, a Sicilian-born priest and Jesuit missionary, the university is named after the young Jesuit saint Aloysius Gonzaga. The campus houses 105 buildings on 152 acres (62 ha) of grassland alongside the Spokane River, in a residential setting a half-mile (800 m) from downtown Spokane.

The university grants bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and doctoral degrees through its college and six schools: the College of Arts and Sciences, School of Business Administration, School of Education, School of Engineering and Applied Science, School of Law, School of Nursing and Human Physiology, and the School of Leadership Studies.
Passion for Life (film)
Passion for Life (French: L'école buissonnière) is a 1949 French comedy drama film directed by Jean-Paul Le Chanois and starring Bernard Blier, Juliette Faber and Édouard Delmont. It was shot at the Victorine Studios in Nice and on location around Saint-Jeannet, Vence and Gattières. The film's sets were designed by the art director Claude Bouxin.

Vence
Vence (French pronunciation: [vɑ̃s]; Occitan: Vença) is a commune set in the hills of the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France, north of Nice and Antibes on the Mediterranean coast.
Smižany
Smižany (Hungarian: Szepessümeg, German: Schmögen) is a large village and municipality in the Spišská Nová Ves District in the Košice Region of central-eastern Slovakia.

With a population of over 8,500 people as of 2021, Smižany is the second largest village in Slovakia (a village being defined as a municipality that does not have town status). Smižany is situated directly adjacent to the town of Spišská Nová Ves and the two municipalities form a contiguous urban area, one of the main population centers in Eastern Slovakia.

Košice Region
The Košice Region (Slovak: Košický kraj, IPA: [ˈkɔʂitskiː ˈkraj]; Hungarian: Kassai kerület; Ukrainian: Кошицький край, romanized: Košyćkyj kraj) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions. The region was first established in 1923 and its present borders were established in 1996. It consists of 11 districts (okresy) and 440 municipalities, 17 of which have a town status. About one third of the region's population lives in the agglomeration of Košice, which is its main economic and cultural centre.
Old Benton-Sardis Road Bridge
The Old Benton—Sardis Road Bridge is a historic bridge off Arkansas Highway 183 in Bauxite, Arkansas.   It is a concrete deck truss bridge, with a span of about 15 feet (4.6 m), and is oriented east–west along an old road bed, resting on concrete abutments with diagonal wing walls.  The bridge was built in 1919 as part of a project to build a new road connecting Benton to Sardis, which would facilitate the transport of bauxite mined in the area.  Unlike other concrete bridges built at that time, this bridge included fieldstone in its guardrails, which provided a decorative aspect as well as perhaps being inexpensive locally.  The method of contracting and construction of the road and bridge, involving the establishment of a road improvement district, was an important advance in the means by which roads were built in Arkansas.

The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

Benton, Arkansas
Benton is a city in and the county seat of Saline County, Arkansas, United States. A suburb of Little Rock, it was established in 1837. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 35,014, making it the 12th most populous city in Arkansas. It is part of the Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway metropolitan area. The city of Benton, first settled in 1833 and named after Missouri Senator Thomas Hart Benton, was formally chartered in 1836 when Arkansas became a state.
Ambrose W. Thompson
Amrbrose W. Thompson was a wealthy shipbuilder from Philadelphia.  He acquired a large piece of land, the isthmus of Chiriqui, in the northern part of modern-day Panama.  He thought it would make an ideal port because of its large lagoon and stocks of coal, so he offered to sell it to the United States Navy.  However, in 1861, Chiriqui was brought to the attention of President Lincoln as a possible site to colonize with freed black slaves.  Funds were appropriated by Congress, an emigration agent was appointed, and, by late 1862, 13,700 freed slaves had signed up for the plan.  Financial irregularities (Thompson and his partners were paying off their personal debt with federal funds allocated to the project) stopped the plan.  Also, complaints from neighboring countries about the plan kept it stalled. Lincoln next considered Île-à-Vache, off the west coast of Haiti, as a place for colonization.

Île-à-Vache
Île-à-Vache, (French, pronounced [il a vaʃ], also expressed Île-à-Vaches, former Spanish name Isla Vaca; both translate to Cow Island; Haitian Creole: Lilavach) is a Caribbean island, one of Haiti's satellite islands. It lies in the Baie de Cayes about 6.5 miles (10.5 km) off the coast of the country's southwest peninsula, roughly between the town of Les Cayes and Pointe l'Abacou. It was formerly known by the name of Abacca. Administratively, it became a commune in 1976 as part of the Les Cayes Arrondissement in the Sud department.

Île-à-Vache was claimed by the Spanish Empire in 1492 as part of Hispaniola, and for the next two centuries it was known by the name Isla Vaca. In 1697 the island of Hispaniola was formally divided between Spain and France in the Treaty of Ryswick which ended the Nine Years War. France assumed control of the western half of Hispaniola and named it Saint-Domingue, and Isla Vaca took on its current name, Île-à-Vache.
Innokentyevka, Arkharinsky District, Amur Oblast
Innokentyevka (Russian: Иннокентьевка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Innokentyevsky Selsoviet of Arkharinsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 405 in 2018. There are 12 streets.

Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast (/əˈmʊər ˈɒblæst/) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located on the banks of the Amur and Zeya rivers in the Russian Far East. The oblast borders Heilongjiang province of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the south.

The administrative center of the oblast, the city of Blagoveshchensk, is one of the oldest settlements in the far east of the country, founded in 1856. It is a traditional center of trade and gold mining. The territory is accessed by two railways: the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Baikal–Amur Mainline. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast's population was 766,912.
PR postcode area
The PR postcode area, also known as the Preston postcode area, is a group of eleven postcode districts in North West England which together cover northern Merseyside and parts of central and southern Lancashire. Its four post towns are Chorley, Leyland, Southport, and Preston.

Mail for the PR postcode area is processed at Preston Mail Centre, along with mail for the BB, FY and LA postcode areas.

Chorley
Chorley is a town and the administrative centre of the wider Borough of Chorley in Lancashire, England, 8 miles (13 km) north of Wigan, 11 miles (18 km) south west of Blackburn, 11 miles (18 km) north west of Bolton, 12 miles (19 km) south of Preston and 20 miles (32 km) north west of Manchester. The town's wealth came principally from the cotton industry. In 2020 it had a population of 36,682.

In the 1970s, the skyline was dominated by factory chimneys, but most have now been demolished: remnants of the industrial past include Morrisons chimney and other mill buildings, and the streets of terraced houses for mill workers. Chorley is the home of the Chorley cake.
Gązwa
Gązwa [ˈɡɔ̃zva] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mrągowo, within Mrągowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

As a result of the Treaty of Versailles the 1920 East Prussian plebiscite was organized on 11 July 1920 under the control of the League of Nations, which resulted in 220 votes to remain in Germany and none for Poland. Thus the village remained part of Germany until 1945.

1920 East Prussian plebiscite
The East Prussian plebiscite (German: Volksabstimmung in Ostpreußen), also known as the Allenstein and Marienwerder plebiscite or Warmia, Masuria and Powiśle plebiscite (Polish: Plebiscyt na Warmii, Mazurach i Powiślu), was a plebiscite for the self-determination of the regions of southern Warmia (Ermland), Masuria (Mazury, Masuren) and Powiśle, which had been in parts of the East Prussian Government Region of Allenstein and of the West Prussian Government Region of Marienwerder in accordance with Articles 94 to 97 of the Treaty of Versailles.

Prepared in early 1920, the plebiscite took place on 11 July 1920 and was conducted by German authorities under Inter-Allied control.

The plebiscite reported that most voters had selected East Prussia over Poland (over 97% in the Allenstein Plebiscite Area and 92% in the Marienwerder Plebiscite Area). As a result, most of the territories in question remained in the Free State of Prussia and therefore in Germany.
2011 World Championships in Athletics – Men's discus throw
The men's discus throw event at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics was held at the Daegu Stadium on August 29 and 30.

Defending champion Robert Harting was a clear winner, with three throws better than silver medalist Gerd Kanter.

Daegu Stadium
Daegu Stadium (Korean: 대구스타디움), also known as the Blue Arc, is a multi-purpose sports stadium located in Daegu, South Korea. It was formerly named Daegu World Cup Stadium but was changed to Daegu Stadium on 5 March 2008. It has a seating capacity for 66,422 people, and parking for 3,550 cars. It is located approximately 11 kilometers or 20 minutes by car from Daegu Airport. It is managed by the Daegu Sports Facilities Management Center.

It was one of the host venues of the 2002 FIFA World Cup and the main stadium for the 2003 Summer Universiade and the 2011 World Championships in Athletics. It was the home stadium of Daegu FC until 2018.