hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Postcards Records
Postcards Records was an American jazz record company and label founded in 1993 by Ralph Simon and Sybil Golden. Through 1997 its catalogue included music by Paul Bley, Bill Frisell, Julian Priester, Gary Peacock, Sam Rivers, and Reggie Workman. In 1999, Arkadia Records bought Postcards, producing new recordings and reissuing the back catalog.

Bill Frisell
William Richard Frisell (born March 18, 1951) is an American jazz guitarist. He first came to prominence at ECM Records in the 1980s, as both a session player and a leader. He went on to work in a variety of contexts, notably as a participant in the Downtown Scene in New York City, where he formed a long working relationship with composer and saxophonist John Zorn. He was also a longtime member of veteran drummer Paul Motian's groups from the early 1980s until Motian's death in 2011. Since the late 1990s, Frisell's output as a bandleader has also integrated prominent elements of folk, country, rock ‘n’ roll and Americana. He has six Grammy nominations and one win.
David Calderwood
David Calderwood (1575 – 29 October 1650) was a Scottish minister of religion and historian. Calderwood was banished for his nonconformity. He found a home in the Low Countries, where he wrote his great work, the Altare Damascenum which was an attack on Anglican episcopacy.  He was present at the Glasgow Assembly in 1638, and saw episcopacy and the high church liturgy swept away from the  Church of Scotland. He died at Jedburgh, a fugitive from his parish of Pencaitland; and buried in the churchyard of Crailing, where the first years of his ministry were spent.

Jedburgh
Jedburgh (/ˈdʒɛdbərə/ JED-bər-ə; Scottish Gaelic: Deadard; Scots: Jeddart or Jethart) is a town and former royal burgh in the Scottish Borders and the traditional county town of the historic county of Roxburghshire.
Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett
Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett CBE (11 February 1881 – 4 May 1931) was an English war correspondent during the First World War. Through his reporting of the Battle of Gallipoli, Ashmead-Bartlett was instrumental in the birth of the Anzac legend which still dominates military history in Australia and New Zealand. Through his outspoken criticism of the conduct of the campaign, he was instrumental in bringing about the dismissal of the British commander-in-chief, Sir Ian Hamilton – an event that led to the evacuation of British forces from the Gallipoli peninsula.

War correspondent
A war correspondent is a journalist who covers stories first-hand from a war zone.

War correspondence stands as one of journalism's most important and impactful forms. War correspondents operate in the most conflict-ridden parts of the world. Once there, they attempt to get close enough to the action to provide written accounts, photos, or film footage. It is often considered the most dangerous form of journalism.

Modern war correspondence emerged from the news reporting of military conflicts during the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars. Its presence grew in the middle of the nineteenth century, with American journalists covering the Mexican-American War (1846–1848) and the European newspapermen writing reports from the Crimean War (1853–1856).
American Idol season 21
The twenty-first season of American Idol premiered on February 19, 2023, on the ABC television network. Ryan Seacrest returned as host; Luke Bryan, Katy Perry, and Lionel Richie returned as judges.

Iam Tongi won the season on May 21, 2023, while Megan Danielle was the runner-up, and Colin Stough finished in third place.

Ryan Seacrest
Ryan John Seacrest (born December 24, 1974) is an American television host and producer. Seacrest is the host of Wheel of Fortune, having hosted since replacing long-time host Pat Sajak in September 2024. Seacrest co-hosted and served as executive producer of Live with Kelly and Ryan, and has hosted other media including American Idol, American Top 40, and On Air with Ryan Seacrest. He became co-host of Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve in 2005, and he became the sole host following Clark's death in 2012.

Seacrest received Emmy Award nominations for American Idol each year from 2004 to 2013 and once more in 2016. He won an Emmy for Jamie Oliver's Food Revolution in 2010, and he was nominated once more in 2012. In 2018, he received nominations for Live with Kelly and Ryan for Outstanding Talk Show Entertainment and Outstanding Entertainment Talk Show Host.
Nineveh Plain Forces
The Nineveh Plain Forces (Syriac: ܚܝ̈ܠܘܬܐ ܕܕܫܬܐ ܕܢܝܢܘܐ, romanized: Ḥaylawathe d'Deshta d'Ninwe; Arabic: قوات سهل نينوى; abbreviated as NPF) was an Assyrian militia. Formed in cooperation with the Kurdish Peshmerga, the militia's primary mission was to defend the Nineveh Plains against the Islamic State. The group was affiliated with the Bet-Nahrain Democratic Party and the Beth Nahrain Patriotic Union (HBA), the latter being part of the secular Dawronoye movement. Along with smaller episodes of combat, the group also participated in the Battle of Mosul (2016–2017).

Formed on 6 January 2015, the Nineveh Plain Forces had only a very short time in combat, and was considered defunct by late 2017.

Batnaya
Batnaya (Arabic: باطنايا, Syriac: ܒܛܢܝܐ) is a village in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq. It is located in the Tel Kaif District in the Nineveh Plains.

In the village, there are Chaldean Catholic churches of Mar Quriaqos and Mart Maryam. The Mar Oraha Monastery is also located near the village.
Willard and Maple
Willard and Maple is an international literary magazine published by Champlain College. The magazine has its headquarters in Burlington, Vermont. The name comes from the street corner of the magazine's headquarters.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Hygrophorus meridionalis
Hygrophorus meridionalis is a species of basidiomycete fungus in the family Hygrophoraceae. Described as new to science in 2018, this waxcap is found in abundance on the island of Cyprus and southern Greece, where it grows in association with Pinus brutia and Pinus halepensis on calcareous substrates.

Mycorrhiza
A mycorrhiza (from Ancient Greek  μύκης (múkēs) 'fungus' and  ῥίζα (rhíza) 'root'; pl. mycorrhizae, mycorrhiza, or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant, in which fungal hyphae and plant roots become interconnected and form an interface on the cellular level. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant's rhizosphere, the plant root system and its surroundings. Mycorrhizae play important roles in plant nutrition, soil biology, and soil chemistry.

In a mycorrhizal association, the fungus colonizes the host plant's root tissues, either intracellularly as in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, or extracellularly as in ectomycorrhizal fungi. The association is normally mutualistic. In particular species, or in particular circumstances, mycorrhizae may have a parasitic association with host plants.
The Goose
"The Goose" is a song by the funk band Parliament. It was released as a two-part single, the group's first on their new label Casablanca Records. It was also a track on their 1974 album Up for the Down Stroke. The song failed to chart.

Like "Testify", "The Goose" was borrowed from the repertoire of bandleader and producer George Clinton's earlier doo-wop group The Parliaments. The lyrics use the story of the goose that laid the golden eggs as an eccentric metaphor for romantic attachment, an early instance of the references to fairy tales and nursery rhymes that would continue in Parliament's later releases.

This song was covered by the funk-rock band Fishbone and is included on their 1996 compilation album Fishbone 101: Nuttasaurusmeg Fossil Fuelin' the Fonkay.

The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs
"The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs" is one of Aesop's Fables, numbered 87 in the Perry Index, a story that also has a number of Eastern analogues. Many other stories contain geese that lay golden eggs, though certain versions change them for hens or other birds that lay golden eggs. The tale has given rise to the idiom 'killing the goose that lays the golden eggs', which refers to the short-sighted destruction of a valuable resource, or to an unprofitable action motivated by greed.
Modem sharing device
A modem sharing device, also called a line sharing device, modem sharer or line sharer, allows multiple Binary Synchronous Communications devices to share a serial connection. Synchronous and asynchronous datastreams are supported. A common example was a  Tandem  host connected to automatic teller machines, with a modem or router in between.

Binary Synchronous Communications
Binary Synchronous Communication (BSC or Bisync) is an IBM character-oriented, half-duplex link protocol, announced in 1967 after the introduction of System/360.  It replaced the  synchronous transmit-receive (STR) protocol used with second generation computers. The intent was that common link management rules could be used with three different character encodings for messages.

Six-bit Transcode looked backward to older systems; USASCII with 128 characters and EBCDIC with 256 characters looked forward.  Transcode disappeared very quickly but the EBCDIC and USASCII dialects of Bisync continued in use.

At one time Bisync was the most widely used communications protocol and is still in limited use in 2013.
Praekelt Foundation
Praekelt.org is an African nonprofit organization dedicated to using mobile technology to improve the lives of people living in poverty. It was founded in 2007 as an offshoot of Praekelt Consulting.

Notable projects that the organization is involved in include:

Young Africa Live, a mobile community where young people can talk candidly and learn about love, intimate relationships, sexual intercourse and HIV/AIDS

Project Masiluleke (Zulu for "let us advise" or "may we give counsel"), a campaign to promote AIDS awareness using "Please Call Me" messages, in partnership with the PopTech Accelerator and other companies

TxtAlert, an appointment reminder system for people on chronic medication

Yoza, a project to promote youth literacy using short cellphone stories, or m-novels, was developed in conjunction with the Shuttleworth Foundation

MomConnect, an application for pregnant women

Zulu language
Zulu (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), or isiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken in, and indigenous to, Southern Africa with about 13.56 million native speakers, who primarily inhabit the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The word "KwaZulu-Natal" translates into English as "Home of the Zulu Nation is Natal". Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa (24% of the population), and it is understood by over 50% of its population. It became one of South Africa's 12 official languages in 1994.

According to Ethnologue, it is the second-most widely spoken of the Bantu languages, after Swahili. Like many other Bantu languages, it is written with the Latin alphabet.

In South African English, the language is often referred to in its native form, isiZulu.
William Candlett
William Candlett (c. 1847 – 20 June 1904) was an English cricketer. Born at Newton in Lancashire, Candlett was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.

He made one appearance in first-class cricket for Kent County Cricket Club against Yorkshire in 1880 at Mote Park in Maidstone.

He died at Salford in Lancashire on 20 June 1904.

Maidstone
Maidstone is the largest town in the county of Kent in South East England, of which it is also the county town. Maidstone is historically important and lies 32 miles (51 km) east-south-east of London. The River Medway runs through the centre of the town, linking it with Rochester and the Thames Estuary. Historically, the river carried much of the town's trade as the centre of the agricultural county of Kent, which is known as the Garden of England. There is evidence of settlement in the area dating back before the Stone Age. The town, part of the borough of Maidstone, had an approximate population of 100,000 in 2019. Since World War II, the town's economy has shifted from heavy industry towards light industry and services.
Nihon Kotsu
Nihon Kotsu Co., Ltd. (日本交通株式会社) is one of the largest taxi and limousine operators in Japan, with a fleet of approximately 4,000 vehicles and 2,700 affiliated vehicles. It is one of the four principal taxi companies in Tokyo, along with Daiwa, Teito and Kokusai. Its headquarters is in the Kioicho district of Chiyoda City.

Nihon Kotsu also operates in other Japanese cities through affiliates, including the Tokyo satellite cities of Yokohama, Saitama, Maebashi, and Odawara, and the core Kansai region cities of Osaka, Kyoto and Kobe.

The CEO of Nihon Kotsu, Ichiro Kawanabe, is known in Tokyo media as the "Prince of Taxis" or the "Taxi Prince".

Odawara
Odawara (小田原市, Odawara-shi) is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2025, the city had an estimated population of 185,027 and a population density of 1,700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 113.79 square kilometres (43.93 sq mi).
Battle of Kettle Creek
The Battle of Kettle Creek was the first major victory for Patriots in the back country of Georgia during the American Revolutionary War that took place on February 14, 1779. It was fought in Wilkes County about eleven miles (18 km) from present-day Washington, Georgia. A militia force of Patriots defeated and scattered a Loyalist militia force that was on its way to British-controlled Augusta. Several Loyalist prisoners were subsequently hanged.

The victory illustrated the difficulty British forces faced in holding the interior of the state, or even protecting sizable numbers of Loyalist recruits outside their immediate area. The British, who had already decided to abandon Augusta, recovered some prestige a few weeks later, surprising a Patriot force in the Battle of Brier Creek. Georgia's back country would not come fully under British control until after the 1780 Siege of Charleston broke Patriot forces in the South.

Ninety Six, South Carolina
Ninety Six is a town in Greenwood County, South Carolina, United States, located approximately 9 miles northeast of the county seat, Greenwood. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 2,096, making it the second-largest municipality in the county behind the City of Greenwood. The town covers a total area of 1.82 square miles, all of which is land.
WMGC-FM
WMGC-FM (105.1 MHz "105.1 The Bounce") is a commercial radio station in Detroit, Michigan. It is owned and operated by the Beasley Broadcast Group and airs a classic hip hop radio format. WMGC-FM broadcasts with 50,000 watts of effective radiated power (ERP) from a transmitter tower co-located with its studios and offices off Radio Plaza located in Royal Oak Charter Township in Oakland County.

Oakland County, Michigan
Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a principal county of the Detroit metropolitan area, containing the bulk of Detroit's northern suburbs. Its county seat is Pontiac, and its largest city is Troy. As of the 2020 census, its population 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan (behind neighboring Wayne County), and the most populous county in the United States without a city of 100,000 residents.

Founded in 1819 and organized the following year, Oakland County is composed of 62 cities, villages, and townships. In 2010, Oakland County was among the ten wealthiest counties in the United States to have over one million residents. It is also home to Oakland University, a large public institution that straddles the border between the cities of Auburn Hills and Rochester Hills.
Lackawaxen, Pennsylvania
Lackawaxen is an unincorporated community in Lackawaxen Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located at the confluence of the Delaware and Lackawaxen Rivers, the former of which forms the state line with New York.  Lackawaxen has a post office with ZIP code 18435.

Pike County, Pennsylvania
Pike County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,535. Its county seat is Milford. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state. Pike County is part of the New York Combined Statistical Area.
Kind of Brown
Kind of Brown is a studio album by American jazz bassist Christian McBride together with his band Inside Straight, released on June 16, 2009 (2009-06-16). This was McBride's first album of new material in six years, and the first to be released on the Mack Avenue label.

Christian McBride
Christian McBride (born May 31, 1972) is an American jazz bassist, composer, and arranger. He has appeared on more than 400 recordings as a sideman, and is an eleven-time Grammy Award winner.

McBride has performed and recorded with a number of jazz musicians and ensembles, including Freddie Hubbard, McCoy Tyner, Herbie Hancock, Pat Metheny, Joe Henderson, Diana Krall, Roy Haynes, Chick Corea, Wynton Marsalis, Eddie Palmieri, Joshua Redman, George Duke, and Ray Brown's "SuperBass" with John Clayton, as well as with pop, hip-hop, soul, and classical musicians like Sting, Paul McCartney, Celine Dion, Isaac Hayes, The Roots, Queen Latifah, Kathleen Battle, Renee Fleming, Carly Simon, Bruce Hornsby, and James Brown.
Bhopawar Agency
Bhopawar Agency was a sub-agency of the Central India Agency in British India with the headquarters at the town of Bhopawar, so the name. Bhopawar Agency was created in 1882 from a number of princely states in the Western Nimar and Southern Malwa regions of Central India belonging to the former Bhil Agency and Bhil Sub-agency with the capitals at Bhopawar and Manpur. The agency was named after Bhopawar, a village in Sardarpur tehsil, Dhar District of present-day Madhya Pradesh state. Manpur remained a strictly British territory.

The other chief towns of this region were: Badnawar, Kukshi, Manawar and Sardarpur, Chadawad Estate, Dattigaon. The mighty Vindhya and Satpura ranges crossed the territory of the agency roughly from east to west, with the fertile valley of the Narmada River lying between them. The agency also included the "Bhil Country", inhabited by the Bhil people.

Manawar
Manawar is a town with tehsil in Dhar district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The name Manawar came from name of river Maan River that flows at southern edge of the town. Pin code of Manawar is 454446.
Tamás Révész
Tamás Révész is a Hungarian American photographer. He is head of photojournalism at BKF University of Applied Sciences (Budapest, Hungary).

Révész was born in Budapest, Hungary in 1946.

His critically acclaimed photography exhibition, "New York", was endorsed by the New York City Sister City Program.

Hungarian Americans
Hungarian Americans (Hungarian: amerikai magyarok, pronounced [ˈɒmɛrikɒji ˈmɒɟɒrok]) are Americans of Hungarian descent. The U.S. Census Bureau has estimated that there are approximately 1.396 million Americans of Hungarian descent as of 2018. The total number of people with ethnic Hungarian background is estimated to be around 4 million. The largest concentration is in the Greater Cleveland Metropolitan Area in Northeast Ohio. At one time, the presence of Hungarians within Cleveland proper was so great that the city was known as the "American Debrecen," with one of the highest concentrations of Hungarians in the world.
Davyhurst Gold Mine
The Davyhurst Gold Mine is a gold mine located 53 km south-west of Menzies, near Davyhurst.

The mine was formerly owned by Monarch Gold Mining Company Ltd, and went on care and maintenance shortly before Monarch went into administration in June 2008. The mine resumed operation in early 2021, now owned by Ora Banda Mining, a successor of Monarch Gold.

Historical production for the mine was 230,000 ounces of gold prior to the 1950s, a further 428,000 ounces between 1980 and 2000 and 152,690 ounces in the mining phase between 2000 and 2008.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
Tariq Ali (admiral)
Rear Admiral (R) Tariq Ali HI(M) SI(M) TI(M) is a retired Two Star Admiral and a flag officer from the Pakistan Navy and has served as the Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (Supply), DCNS-S at Naval Headquarters in Islamabad. He took the office as Head of Supply branch of Pakistan Navy in March 2020. Before this he has also served in the field as Commander, Depots (COMDEP) in Karachi.

Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (Pakistan)
The Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (DCNS) are several very important administrative senior military appointments and principle staff commands, headed and commanded by the Principal Staff Officers (PSOs) at the NHQ. They are also the commander of their respective branch in the Pakistan Navy and these commands are held by senior flag officers of Rear Admiral and Vice Admiral rank in the Navy and are directly reporting and functioning under the Chief of the Naval Staff. DCNS appointments play a very important administrative role for the proper functioning of an entire navy. The DCNS appointments ranges from rear admiral to vice admiral rank depending on assignment nature.
Credit Benchmark
Credit Benchmark, (CB) is a British financial data analytics company which provides credit consensus ratings and analytics based on the contributed risk views of major global financial institutions. The internal risk views of these institutions are collected, aggregated and anonymized to create a Credit Consensus Rating on tens of thousands of corporate, financial, fund and sovereign entities globally.

The company is headquartered in London, UK, with offices in New York City, and services a global client base of banks, insurance and reinsurance companies, asset managers, certified credit professional (CCPs) and other firms. Credit Benchmark has been releasing Credit Consensus data since May 2015.

Credit rating
A credit rating is an evaluation of the credit risk of a prospective debtor (an individual, a business, company or a government). It is the practice of predicting or forecasting the ability of a supposed debtor to pay back the debt or default. The credit rating represents an evaluation from a credit rating agency of the qualitative and quantitative information for the prospective debtor, including information provided by the prospective debtor and other non-public information obtained by the credit rating agency's analysts.

Credit reporting (or credit score) is a subset of credit rating. It is a numeric evaluation of an individual's credit worthiness, which is done by a credit bureau or consumer credit reporting agency.