hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
True RMS converter
For the measurement of an alternating current the signal is often converted into a direct current of equivalent value, the root mean square (RMS). Simple instrumentation and signal converters carry out this conversion by filtering the signal into an average rectified value and applying a correction factor. The value of the correction factor applied is only correct if the input signal is sinusoidal.

True RMS provides a more correct value that is proportional to the square root of the average of the square of the curve, and not to the average of the absolute value. For any given waveform, the ratio of these two averages is constant and, as most measurements are made on what are (nominally) sine waves, the correction factor assumes this waveform; but any distortion or offsets will lead to errors. To achieve this, a true RMS converter requires a more complex circuit.

Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion. Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes.

When any two sine waves of the same frequency (but arbitrary phase) are linearly combined, the result is another sine wave of the same frequency; this property is unique among periodic waves. Conversely, if some phase is chosen as a zero reference, a sine wave of arbitrary phase can be written as the linear combination of two sine waves with phases of zero and a quarter cycle, the sine and cosine components, respectively.
Ramaria flaccida
Ramaria flaccida is a species of coral fungus in the family Gomphaceae. Originally described as Clavaria flaccida by Elias Fries in 1821, the species was transferred to Ramaria by Hubert Bourdot in 1898.

Clavarioid fungi
The clavarioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having erect, simple or branched basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the ground, on decaying vegetation, or on dead wood. They are colloquially called club fungi and coral fungi.

Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Clavaria ("clavarioid" means Clavaria-like), but it is now known that clavarioid species are not all closely related. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to retain the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "clavarioid fungi" and this term is frequently used in research papers.
Zajączkowo, Elbląg County
Zajączkowo [zajɔnt͡ʂˈkɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Milejewo, within Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-east of Milejewo, 19 km (12 mi) north-east of Elbląg, and 80 km (50 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Before 1772 the area was part of the Kingdom of Poland; from 1772 to 1945, Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).

Elbląg County
Elbląg County (Polish: powiat elbląski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Elbląg, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains three towns: Pasłęk, 18 km (11 mi) east of Elbląg, Tolkmicko, 27 km (17 mi) north of Elbląg, and Młynary, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Elbląg.

The county covers an area of 1,430.55 square kilometres (552.3 sq mi). In 2019, its total population was 57,395, of which the population of Pasłęk was 12,160, that of Tolkmicko was 2,689, that of Młynary was 1,772, and the rural population was 40,774.
Großer Galtenberg
The Großer Galtenberg is the highest mountain in the Alpbach valley in the Austrian state of Tyrol and belongs to the Kitzbühel Alps. It is 2,424 m (AA) high, is located at the southern end of the Alpbach valley and may be approached from the Alpbach suburb of Inneralpbach. The Alpbachtal ski region is located opposite the  Galtenberg. From the summit there are views of Wildschönau and the Alpbach valley.

Metres above the Adriatic
Metres above the Adriatic (Italian: Metri sopra l'Adriatico, German: Meter über Adria, Serbo-Croatian: Metara iznad Jadrana) is the vertical datum used in Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia to measure elevation, referring to the average water level of the Adriatic Sea at the Sartorio mole in the Port of Trieste.
Invade (Within the Ruins album)
Invade is the second studio album by American metalcore band Within the Ruins. It is the first release to feature Tim Goergen on vocals, and Jay Van Schelt on guitars. The album sold 2,000 copies in its first week and 650 in its second.

MetalSucks
MetalSucks is an American  heavy metal music-themed news website. The site features reviews, interviews, information on the latest metal releases and blog-like posts from the writers, most notably Vince Neilstein and Axl Rosenberg.
Yiannis Pathiakakis Stadium
Yiannis Pathiakakis Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Ano Liosia, Greece.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Akratitos.  The stadium holds 5,000 and was built in 1965. It is named after Giannis Pathiakakis, who guided Akratitos from the lower ranks to the top flight but died in 2002 on the pitch during a training session.

Ano Liosia
Ano Liosia (Greek: Άνω Λιόσια) is a town and a former municipality in the northern part of the Athens agglomeration, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Fyli, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 38.447 km2.
Chen Jiadong
Chen Jiadong (Chinese: 陈家东; born August 1959) is a former Chinese politician who spent his entire career in southwest China's Fujian province. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in February 2022. Previously he served as chairman and party branch secretary  of the Standing Committee of the Xiamen Municipal People's Congress, and before that, party secretary of Zhangzhou.

He was a delegate to the 11th and 13th National People's Congress. He was a member of the 9th and 10th CCP Fujian Provincial Committee.

Southwestern China
Southwestern China (Chinese: 西南; pinyin: Xīnán) is a region in the People's Republic of China. It consists of five provincial administrative regions, namely Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Tibet.
Mikhail Zingarevich
Mikhail Gennadyevich Zingarevich (Russian: Михаил Геннадьевич Зингаревич; born July 8, 1959) is an entrepreneur, philanthropist, and invested in the forest industry, gold mining, and high-tech projects. He is an honorary professor at the Highest School of Technology and Energy at the Saint Petersburg State University for Technology and Design.

Wood industry
The wood industry or timber industry (sometimes lumber industry – when referring mainly to sawed boards) is the industry concerned with forestry, logging, timber trade, and the production of primary forest products and wood products (e.g. furniture) and secondary products like wood pulp for the pulp and paper industry. Some of the largest producers are also among the biggest owners of forest. The wood industry has historically been and continues to be an important sector in many economies.
ROXi
ROXi (/ˈrɒxiː/ ROCK-si) is a television-based music entertainment experience providing full catalogue music streaming, radio, karaoke, music games, sound machine and photo visuals via a TV user interface on pay TV and Smart TV platforms and via ROXi Music System; a dedicated digital media player.

Music video game
A music video game, also commonly known as a music game, is a video game where the gameplay is meaningfully and often almost entirely oriented around the player's interactions with a musical score or individual songs. Music video games may take a variety of forms and are often grouped with puzzle games due to their common use of "rhythmically generated puzzles".

Music video games are distinct from purely audio games (e.g. the 1997 Sega Saturn release Real Sound: Kaze no Regret) in that they feature a visual feedback, to lead the player through the game's soundtrack, although eidetic music games can fall under both categories.
Murder of Kayleigh Haywood
The murder of Kayleigh Haywood, a 15-year-old girl from Measham, Leicestershire, took place in November 2015, following online grooming by Luke Harlow, a 27-year-old man who had contacted her on the social networking website Facebook.

Measham
Measham is a large village in the North West Leicestershire district in Leicestershire, England, near the Derbyshire, Staffordshire and Warwickshire boundaries. It lies off the A42, 4+1⁄2 miles (7.2 km) south of Ashby de la Zouch, in the National Forest. Historically it was in an exclave of Derbyshire absorbed into Leicestershire in 1897. The name is thought to mean "homestead on the River Mease". The village was once part of Derbyshire before being transferred to Leicestershire.
Pio Botticelli
Pio Botticelli (8 January 1789 – 6 September 1855) was an Italian bass-baritone active in the opera houses of Italy from 1810 until the mid-1840s. Amongst the numerous roles he created in world premieres were Pietro il Grande (Peter the Great) in Donizetti's Il falegname di Livonia and The Caliph in Pacini's La schiava in Bagdad. He also sang the role of Leucippo in the Austrian premiere of Rossini's Zelmira.

Teatro Re
45°28′N 9°11′E﻿ / ﻿45.47°N 9.19°E﻿ / 45.47; 9.19

The Teatro Re was a theatre in Milan, located near the Piazza del Duomo and named for its proprietor, Carlo Re. It functioned as both a prose theatre and an opera house and saw the world premieres of numerous operas, including four by Giovanni Pacini. Designed by Luigi Canonica, the theatre was inaugurated in 1813, closed in 1872, and demolished in 1879.
Gold Splash
Gold Splash (foaled 23 January 1990) was an American-bred, French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. She was one of the best two-year-old fillies of her generation in France when she won the Prix Marcel Boussac on her third appearance. In the following season she finished third in the Poule d'Essai des Pouliches before winning the Coronation Stakes at Royal Ascot. She raced in the United States as a four-year-old, winning the Osunitas Handicap before being retired. Gold Splash was not a success as a broodmare, producing only two minor winners.

Prix Marcel Boussac
The Prix Marcel Boussac is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to two-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,600 metres (about 1 mile), and it is scheduled to take place each year in early October.

It is France's only Group 1 event exclusively for juvenile fillies. The leading participants usually become major contenders for the following year's fillies' Classics.
South Wales Mounted Brigade
The South Wales Mounted Brigade was a formation of the Territorial Force of the British Army, organised in 1908.  After home defence service, it was posted to Egypt, where it was absorbed into the 4th Dismounted Brigade in March 1916.

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
2025–26 Bristol Rovers F.C. season
The 2025–26 season is the 143rd season in the history of Bristol Rovers Football Club and their first season back in League Two since the 2021–22 season following relegation from League One in the preceding season. In addition to the domestic league, the club would also participate in the FA Cup, the EFL Cup, and the EFL Trophy.

2021–22 Bristol Rovers F.C. season
The 2021–22 season is Bristol Rovers' 139th year in their history and first season back in League Two since the 2015–16 season, following relegation the previous season. Along with the league, the club also competed in the FA Cup, the EFL Cup and the EFL Trophy. The season covers the period from 1 July 2021 to 30 June 2022.
Phan Thiết station
Phan Thiết station is a subsidiary station of Saigon station at the fishing town of Phan Thiết. It is where the North–South railway begins to follow the beachfront northbound, all the way up to Huế Railway Station.

Saigon station
Saigon station (previously Hòa Hưng station) is a railway station in District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The station is a major hub in the national railway network. Located about 1 km from the city center, Saigon railway station is the final station on the North–South railway, and the southernmost point of the Vietnamese railways. The name of the station has remained the same despite the name of the city of Saigon being changed after the Vietnam War to Ho Chi Minh City (to honor the revolutionary leader who had declared independence back in 1945).
Chydenia
The Chydenia Shopping Center Finnish: Kauppakeskus Chydenia) is a shopping mall located in the town center of Kokkola in Central Ostrobothnia, Finland. The first part of the center was completed in 2006, the third in 2009. The shopping center is located partly on the Tehtaankatu, Rantakatu and Rautatienkatu streets, about 100 meters north of Kokkola railway station. The name of the shopping center refers to Anders Chydenius (1729–1803), who mainly influenced in Kokkola.

The first part of Chydenia has three floors, the second part two and the third six, two of which are in business use. There are almost 300 parking spaces in the shopping center. Parking is free in parking lots when using the parking disc. About 2 million people visit Chydenia every year.

Several stores in Chydenia include Suomalainen Kirjakauppa, H&M, Dressmann, Specsavers, Subway, Hesburger and Espresso House.

Central Ostrobothnia
Central Ostrobothnia (Finnish: Keski-Pohjanmaa; Swedish: Mellersta Österbotten) is a region in Finland. Central Ostrobothnia borders the Bothnian Bay and the regions of Ostrobothnia, North Ostrobothnia, Central Finland and South Ostrobothnia. The regional bird of Central Ostrobothnia is the Eurasian skylark, the regional stone is Gneiss, the regional lake is Lake Lestijärvi, the regional fish is European whitefish. The capital and largest city of the region is Kokkola.

Central Ostrobothnia has an area of 6,462.93 km, of which 5,019.98 km² is land area. Central Ostrobothnia, including the sea areas, is the smallest province in mainland Finland in terms of population and total area, and the second smallest province in Finland after Åland. However, if you count the land area alone, Kymenlaakso is smaller than Central Ostrobothnia.
Basevi
Basevi is a surname that comes from Bathsheba. Notable people with the surname include:

Abramo Basevi (1818–1885), Italian musicologist, associated with the music journal L'Armonia

George Basevi (1794–1845), English architect

James Basevi (1890–1962), British born art director and special effects expert

James Palladio Basevi (1832–1871), British surveyor and army officer

James Basevi
James Basevi (born 21 September 1890, Plymouth, Devon, England – d. 27 March 1962, Bellflower, California) was a British-born art director and special effects expert.

After his military service during World War I Basevi emigrated to Canada and later on to the United States. He began his career in 1924 with MGM, designing sets for silent films. After the advent of talkies, Basevi became the head of MGM's special effects department, helping to create the earthquake scene in San Francisco (1936). He also worked on the storm sequence in John Ford's The Hurricane for 20th Century Fox.

In 1943, he shared an Oscar for art direction with William S. Darling for The Song of Bernadette. He was nominated for Oscars for Wuthering Heights (1939), The Westerner (1940), The Gang's All Here (1943) and The Keys of the Kingdom (1944).
1944–45 in Belgian football
The national football competitions in Belgium were stopped during the 1944–45 season due to World War II. RSC Anderlechtois was the leader of the Premier Division when it was stopped however not all teams had played the same number of matches Also, 4 clubs did not participate to that season: the title holders R Antwerp FC, R Beerschot AC, K Liersche SK and R Berchem Sport. The Belgium national football team played their first official match since 1940 on the 1944 Christmas Eve.

K. Beerschot V.A.C.
Koninklijke Beerschot Voetbal en Atletiek Club was a Belgian football club from Antwerp, founded in 1899 when most players of Antwerp F.C. left that club. It played in the 1920 Olympic Games stadium named the "Kiel". Winners of seven Belgian league titles between 1922 and 1939 and two Belgian Cups in the 1970s, the club's 100-year history ended with dissolution in 1999. Since then, its legacy has been continued via rebranding of other local clubs: Beerschot AC (from KFC Germinal Ekeren, also now defunct) and the extant K Beerschot VA (from KFCO Wilrijk).
PZMS Poltava
MFC PZMS Poltava  (ukr. Міні-Футбольний Клуб «ПЗМС» Полтава), is a futsal club from Poltava, Ukraine, and plays in Ukrainian Women's Futsal Championship.

The club is one of the most titled clubs in Ukraine.

Founded in the 1995 as "Nika Poltava" (later "Nika-Universytet Poltava", "Nika-Peduniversytet Poltava", "Nika-PNPU Poltava"). The current name is in honor of the sponsor (PMGF - Poltava Medical Glass Factory, ukr. ПЗМС - Полтавський завод медичного скла).

Languages of Ukraine
The official language of Ukraine is Ukrainian, an East Slavic language of the Indo-European languages family. It is spoken regularly by 88% of Ukraine's population at home in their personal life, and 87% at work or study. It is followed by Russian which is spoken by 34% in their personal life.
Sam Oropeza
Sam Oropeza (born June 17, 1985) is a former American mixed martial artist, coach, manager, boxer, and politician who most notably competed in Bellator's middleweight and welterweight divisions. Oropeza had 16 professional MMA fights racking up a 13-3 record. Oropeza competed professionally as a boxer where he competed as a cruiserweight and was undefeated in 2 fights. Oropeza recently returned to the ring (June 14,2025) in a sanctioned exhibition bout to become the XRumble United States Champion.

Oropeza was a candidate for a at-large seat on Philadelphia City Council in 2023

Middleweight (MMA)
The middleweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's middleweight division, which groups competitors within 171 to 185 lb (77.5 to 84 kg)

The Shooto's middleweight class, which refers to competitors between 155 and 170 lb (70.3 and 77.1 kg)

The ONE Championship's middleweight division follows the Pride FC model, with an upper limit of 93 kg (205 lb)

The Road FC's  middleweight division, with an upper limit of 185 lb (84 kg)
Leonard Elliott Elliott-Binns
Canon Leonard Elliott Elliott-Binns (born Leonard Elliott Binns) (18 September 1885–1963) was an English historian and theologian, whose works covered a broad range of topics in English and Western church history, as well as the history of the Biblical era.

Born at Manchester, he was educated at Manchester Grammar School and Emmanuel College, Cambridge.

Elliott-Binns was ordained into the Church of England in 1913, serving as chaplain of Ridley Hall for two years before going into parish work. He was a curate in Plymouth, a vicar in Plymouth, Davenport, and West Ham, and a canon of Truro. Most of his life as a parish priest was spent in the West Country. In 1958 he served as the president of the Society for Old Testament Study.

He died at Northampton in 1963, aged 77.

West Country
The West Country is a loosely defined area within South West England, usually taken to include the counties of Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Somerset and Bristol, with some considering it to extend to all or parts of Wiltshire, Gloucestershire and Herefordshire. The West Country has a distinctive regional English dialect and accent, and is also home to the Cornish language.
2011 PTT Pattaya Open – Doubles
Marina Erakovic and Tamarine Tanasugarn were the defending champions, but Erakovic chose not to participate this year.
Tanasugarn partnered with Jill Craybas, but lost in the quarterfinals to Sun Shengnan and Zheng Jie.In the final, Sara Errani and Roberta Vinci defeated Sun and Zheng, 3–6, 6–3, [10–5].

Jill Craybas
Jill N. Craybas (born July 4, 1974) is an American former professional tennis player.

From the 2000 US Open to the 2011 US Open, Craybas competed in 45 consecutive Grand Slam tournament main draws; her best result coming in the 2005 Wimbledon Championships where she reached the fourth round, which included wins over Marion Bartoli and Serena Williams. By the time she retired in 2013, she was one of the oldest players on the WTA Tour at 39 years of age, as well as the longest serving, having turned pro in 1996.
HMS Wave
Five ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Wave:

HMS Wave (1856) an Albacore-class wooden screw gunboat launched in 1856, renamed Clinker in 1882 and sold in 1890

HMS Wave (1882) a tender purchased in 1882 and sold in 1907

HMS Wave (1914) a despatch vessel purchased in 1914, renamed Wayward in 1919 and foundered under tow in 1922

HMS Wave a W-class destroyer cancelled in 1918

HMS Wave (J385) an Algerine-class minesweeper launched in 1944 and scrapped in 1962

V and W-class destroyer
The V and W class was an amalgam of six similar classes of destroyer built for the Royal Navy under the 9th, 10th, 13th and 14th of fourteen War Emergency Programmes during the First World War and generally treated as one class. For their time they were among the most powerful and advanced ships of their type in the world, and set the trend for future British designs.

They arrived in time to see service in the First World War. During the interwar period these ships formed the backbone of the Royal Navy's destroyer flotillas until gradually replaced by new construction; by the mid-1930s most had been displaced to the reserve fleet. Most ships survived to make an extensive contribution to the Second World War effort, in the vital role of convoy escort, freeing up more modern ships for fleet action.
Kumagai Naozane
Kumagai no Jirō Naozane (熊谷 次郎 直実) (March 24, 1141 – September 27, 1207/October 25, 1208) was a famous soldier who served the Genji (Minamoto) clan during the Heian period and Kamakura era of Japanese medieval history. Kumagai is particularly known for his exploits during the Genpei War, specifically for killing the young warrior Taira no Atsumori at the battle of Ichi-no-tani in 1184. Later in life he became a Jōdo-shū Buddhist priest, as a disciple of Hōnen. Atsumori's death and the circumstances surrounding it went on to be fictionalized and retold in numerous forms, including the Heike Monogatari epic, a number of Noh plays, and in the jōruri and kabuki theatres as well.

Monogatari
Monogatari (Japanese: 物語; [monoɡaꜜtaɾi]) is a literary form in traditional Japanese literature – an extended prose narrative tale comparable to epic literature. Monogatari is closely tied to aspects of the oral tradition, and almost always relates a fictional or fictionalized story, even when retelling a historical event. Many of the great works of Japanese fiction, such as the Genji Monogatari and the Heike Monogatari, are in the monogatari form.