hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Porumbacu (river)
The Porumbacu (in its upper course also: Valea Sărății and Valea Mare) is a left tributary of the river Olt in Romania. It discharges into the Olt in Porumbacu de Jos. The Porumbacu originates on the northern slope of Negoiu Peak, Făgăraș Mountains. Its length is 27 km (17 mi) and its basin size is 80 km2 (31 sq mi).

Porumbacu de Jos
Porumbacu de Jos (German: Unter-Bornbach; Hungarian: Alsóporumbák) is a commune in Sibiu County, Transylvania, central Romania, first documented in 1473. It is composed of five villages: Colun, Porumbacu de Jos, Porumbacu de Sus, Sărata, and Scoreiu.

The commune is located in the southeastern part of the country, at the extreme west of the historical region of Țara Făgărașului. It is crossed by the DN1 road, and lies at a distance of 34 km (21 mi) from the county seat, Sibiu, 42 km (26 mi) from Făgăraș, 108 km (67 mi) from Brașov, and 281 km (175 mi) from Bucharest.

It has a population of 3061 (as of 2011) and an administered area of 18,487 ha (45,680 acres) (see map). It is a base for hiking and climbing tours to the Southern Carpathians, notably the Negoiu chalet at 1,546 m (5,072 ft) altitude, which lies at the foot of Negoiu Peak (2,535 m (8,317 ft)).
Frozen (2007 film)
Frozen is a 2007 black-and-white Indian drama film directed by Shivajee Chandrabhushan. The original screenplay written by Shanker Raman, based on a story by Chandrabhushan and starring Danny Denzongpa, Gauri, and Skalzang Angchuk. The film was shot entirely on location at Ladakh, India.

It was featured at the various international film festivals, including the 2007 London Film Festival and Dubai International Film Festival, and was the official selection at 2007 Toronto International Film Festival and 2008 San Francisco International Film Festival, and Palm Springs International Film Festival.

At the 55th National Film Awards, it was awarded the Indira Gandhi Award for Best Debut Film of a Director and Best Cinematography.

Dubai International Film Festival
The Dubai International Film Festival (DIFF, Arabic: مهرجان دبي السينمائي الدولي) was the largest film festival in the Arab region.  With particular emphasis on showcasing Arab, Asian, and African cinema, it also helped to develop industry and talent in the region. It was held in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates.

The Muhr Awards, including the Muhr AsiaAfrica Awards, are the main festival awards.
Sora Eshontoʻrayeva
Sora Abdurahmonovna Eshontoʻrayeva (8 November [O.S. 26 October] 1911 – 8 September 1998) was a Soviet and Uzbek actress. She was one of the first actresses of the Uzbek SSR to gain national prominence. She was described as a "pearl of the Uzbek scene".

Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (UzSSR), also known as Soviet Uzbekistan, the Uzbek SSR, or simply Uzbekistan and rarely Uzbekia, was a union republic of the Soviet Union. It was governed by the Uzbek branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the legal political party, from 1925 until 1990. From 1990 to 1991, it was a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation.

Beginning 20 June 1990, the Uzbek SSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty within its borders. Islam Karimov became the republic's inaugural president.

On 31 August 1991, the Uzbek SSR was renamed the Republic of Uzbekistan and declared independence three months before the Soviet Union's dissolution on 26 December 1991.

Uzbekistan was bordered by Kazakhstan to the north; Tajikistan to the southeast; Kirghizia to the northeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest.
Ruby Heafner
Ruby Ethel "Rebel" Heafner (March 3, 1924 – October 2, 2010) was a right-handed catcher in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League from 1946-51. She joined the AAGPBL after serving during World War II.

Playing for the Rockford Peaches in 1946, she hit .141 with six stolen bases in 47 games. In 1947, with the Fort Wayne Daisies, she hit .172 in 65 games. Again with Fort Wayne in 1948, Heafner batted .160 in 59 games and in 1949, she hit .171 in 50 games for the Daisies. Moving to the Racine Belles in 1950, Heafner hit .211 with a career-high 17 RBI in 65 games. In 1951, with the Battle Creek Belles, she hit .205 with 33 walks (to only 15 strikeouts) in 56 games.

In total, Heafner hit .178 with 171 hits in 959 at-bats. She hit 17 doubles, four triples and no home runs while scoring 83 runs and driving in 57. She had 28 stolen bases, 124 walks and 154 strikeouts.

She was born in Gastonia, North Carolina and died in Kings Mountain, North Carolina.

Racine Belles
The Racine Belles were one of the original teams of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) playing from 1943 through 1950 out of Racine, Wisconsin. The Belles won the league's first championship. The team played its home games at Horlick Field.
Tornado outbreak sequence of June 3–11, 2008
The tornado outbreak sequence of June 3–11, 2008 was a series of tornado outbreaks affecting most of central and eastern North America from June 3–11, 2008. 192 tornadoes were confirmed, along with widespread straight–line wind wind damage. Seven people were killed from a direct result of tornadoes; four in Iowa, two in Kansas, and one in Indiana. Eleven additional people were killed across five states by other weather events including lightning, flash flooding, and straight-line winds. Severe flooding was also reported in much of Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota and Iowa as a result of the same thunderstorms, while high heat and humidity affected much of eastern North America; particularly along the eastern seaboard of the United States from New York City to the Carolinas.

Carolinas
The Carolinas (informally Carolina) are the U.S. states of North Carolina and South Carolina considered together as a historical or cultural entity. They are bordered by Virginia to the north, Tennessee to the west, and Georgia to the southwest. The Atlantic Ocean is to the east and south.

The Carolinas originally formed the British Province of Carolina during America's early colonial period, from 1663 until they were declared two separate royal colonies in 1729. The land had previously been a part of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, from 1609 to 1663. The province was named Carolina to honor King Charles I of England. Carolina is a feminine form of the Latin word Carolus, meaning "Charles".

The Carolinas have a total of 15,557,813 residents. The largest city of the Carolinas (ranked by land area and population) is Charlotte, North Carolina.
Cowell-Stepney baronets
The Cowell-Stepney Baronetcy, of Llanelli in the County of Carmarthen, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 22 September 1871 for John Cowell-Stepney, Member of Parliament for Carmarthen. Born John Cowell, he was the son of Andrew Cowell and Maria Justina Stepney, sister of Sir John Stepney, 8th Baronet, of Prendergast (see Stepney baronets), and assumed the additional surname of Stepney on succeeding to the Stepney estates. The second Baronet also represented Carmarthen in Parliament. The title became extinct on his death in 1909.

Llanelli
Llanelli (Welsh for 'St Elli's Parish'; Welsh: [ɬaˈnɛɬi] ⓘ) is a market town and community in Carmarthenshire and the preserved county of Dyfed, Wales. It is on the estuary of the River Loughor and is the largest town in the county of Carmarthenshire.

The town is 11 miles (18 km) north-west of Swansea and 12 miles (19 km) south-east of Carmarthen. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 25,366, and the built up area had a population of 42,155. The local authority was Llanelli Borough Council when the county of Dyfed existed, and it has been under Carmarthenshire County Council since 1996.
Big Ideas Learning
Big Ideas Learning, LLC is an educational publisher in the United States. The company's headquarters is located in Erie, Pennsylvania. It publishes mathematics textbooks and instructional technology materials.

Big Ideas Learning is a privately owned Limited liability company.

Textbook
A textbook is a book containing a comprehensive compilation of content in a branch of study serving to explain the subject. Textbooks are produced to meet the needs of educators, usually at educational institutions, as well as learners (who could be independent learners outside of formal education). Schoolbooks are textbooks and other books used in schools. Today, many textbooks are published in both print and digital formats.
Southern Province, Rwanda
Southern Province (Kinyarwanda: Intara y'Amajyepfo; French: Province du Sud; Dutch: Zuidelijke Provincie) is one of Rwanda's five provinces. It was created in early January 2006 as part of a government decentralization program that re-organized the country's local government structures.

Southern Province comprises the former provinces of Gikongoro, Gitarama, and Butare, and is divided into the districts of Huye, Ruhango, Nyamagabe, Gisagara, Muhanga, Kamonyi, Nyanza, and Nyaruguru.

The capital city of Southern Province is Nyanza.

Gitarama Province
Gitarama was one of the former twelve provinces (intara) of Rwanda and was situated in the centre of the country, to the west of the capital Kigali. Gitarama Prefecture was created in 1959, increasing the number of prefectures of Rwanda from eight to nine. In 2002, it was renamed a province, as were the other prefectures of Rwanda. It had an area of 2,187 square kilometres and a population of some 851,451 (2002 figures) prior to its dissolution in January 2006. Gitarama was divided into 8 districts: Muhanga, Kayumbu, Kabagali, Ntenyo, Kamonyi, Ntongwe, Ndiza and Ruyumba; and two towns: Ruhango and Gitarama. Gitarama bordered the provinces Butare, Gikongoro, Kibuye, Gisenyi, Ruhengeri, Kigali-Ngali and Kigali City Tourist attractions included the Kamegeri rocks and the Busaga forest.
Julia Balbilla
Julia Balbilla (Greek: Ἰουλία Βαλβίλλα, AD 72 – after AD 130) was a Roman noble woman and poet. Whilst in Thebes, touring Egypt as part of the imperial court of Hadrian, she inscribed three epigrams which have survived.

Thebes, Egypt
Thebes (Egyptian Arabic: طيبه), known to the ancient Egyptians as Waset, was an ancient Egyptian city located along the Nile about 800 kilometers (500 mi) south of the Mediterranean. Its ruins lie within the modern Egyptian city of Luxor. Thebes was the main city of the fourth Upper Egyptian nome (Sceptre nome) and was the capital of Egypt for long periods during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom eras.

The city was close to Nubia and the Eastern Desert, with its valuable mineral resources and trade routes. It was a religious center and the most venerated city during many periods of ancient Egyptian history.

The site of Thebes includes areas on both the eastern bank of the Nile, where the temples of Karnak and Luxor stand and where the city was situated; and the western bank, where a necropolis of large private and royal cemeteries and funerary complexes can be found. In 1979, the ruins of ancient Thebes were classified by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.
E. Bruce Nauman
E. Bruce Nauman (1937–2009) was a professor of chemical engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York.

He obtained his B.S. degree in nuclear engineering from Kansas State University in Manhattan, a M.S. degree in chemical engineering from the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, and a Ph.D. degree in chemical engineering from the University of Leeds in Leeds, England. He joined RPI in 1981 as the chair of the department of chemical engineering, after a career in research and development with Xerox and Union Carbide. During the course of his tenure he oversaw thirty-two doctoral students. He died of lung cancer on May 24, 2009, after a long illness.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (/rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER; RPI) is a private research university in Troy, New York, United States. It is the oldest technological university in the English-speaking world and the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1824 by Stephen Van Rensselaer and Amos Eaton for the "application of science to the common purposes of life".

Built on a hillside, RPI's 265-acre (107 ha) campus overlooks the city of Troy and the Hudson River. The institute operates an on‑campus business incubator and the 1,250-acre (510 ha) Rensselaer Technology Park.

RPI is organized into six main schools which contain 37 departments, with emphasis on science and technology. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities: Very High Research Activity".
Yadunath Khanal
Sardar Yadu Nath Khanal (August 1913 – 2 October 2004) was a pioneer Nepali diplomat, government minister, scholar and author in the modern history of Nepal.

He is often regarded as the great pioneer to formulate the foreign policy of Nepal. Nepal is sandwiched between the two giants China and India. He was the diplomatic consultant to the government on external affairs since the time of Late King Mahendra to Late Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala.

He was born in Tanahun, Nepal. At an early age he migrated with his family to Kathmandu. Yadunath initially was an instructor at Tri Chandra College, Kathmandu. Later he entered into government service, serving as ambassador to China, India and the United States, and as foreign secretary. He was the father of Udayraj Khanal, who is an eminent professor at Tribhuvan University.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
Chhatna railway station
Chhatna railway station is a railway station on Kharagpur–Bankura–Adra line in Adra railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Chhatna of Bankura district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Total 32 local and passengers train stop at Chhatna railway station.

Kharagpur–Bankura–Adra line
The Kharagpur–Bankura–Adra line is part of Mednipur, Bankura, Purulia district. It links Kharagpur to Adra and Bankura in Eastern India, and also serves as a major freight line for transporting iron ore, coal and steel products to Haldia Port.
Shatlyk gas field
The Shatlyk Gas Field is a natural gas field located in the Mary Province near the city of Şatlyk. It was discovered in 1974 and developed by Türkmengaz. It began production in 1980 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Shatlyk gas field are around 33 trillion cubic feet (943 km3), and production was slated to be around 287 million cubic feet/day (8.2×105m3) as of 2013.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Battle of Tippecanoe Outdoor Drama
The Battle of Tippecanoe Outdoor Drama (BOTOD) was an outdoor historical drama held near the site of the Battle of Tippecanoe in Battle Ground, Indiana, in the summers of 1989 and 1990. The drama was held at an amphitheater specially constructed for the production and funded by county authorization of an occupancy tax.

Unable to attract sufficient audiences, the drama board voted in the spring of 1991 to close the production. The county renamed the facility as the Tippecanoe County Amphitheater. The amphitheater is located just north of West Lafayette, Indiana on 166 acres on State Route 43 near the Wabash River, within walking distance of the Tippecanoe Battlefield Park.

Tippecanoe County, Indiana
Tippecanoe County (/ˌtɪpəkəˈnuː/ TIP-ə-kə-NOO) is a county located in the west-central portion of the U.S. state of Indiana about 22 miles (35 km) east of the Illinois state line, less than 50 miles (80 km) from the Indianapolis metro area, and 130 miles (210 km) from Chicago. As of the 2020 census, the population was 186,251. The county seat and largest city is Lafayette. It was created in 1826 from Wabash County portion of New Purchase and unorganized territory. Tippecanoe County was formed March 1, 1826, and named for the anglicization of "Kiteepihkwana", a Miami people term meaning "place of the buffalo fish people." The county is best known for Purdue University, the 1811 Battle of Tippecanoe, and the Tippecanoe County Courthouse, a structure built in 1881 and included in the National Register of Historic Places. Tippecanoe County is part of the Lafayette, Indiana, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
John Archibald Armstrong
John Archibald Armstrong OC (24 March 1917 – 26 December 2010) was a Canadian business executive.

Armstrong was chief executive officer of Imperial Oil from 1973 to 1981. He was also a director of the Royal Bank of Canada.

In 1983, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. He was inducted into the Canadian Petroleum Hall of Fame in 2004.

He died in his sleep in Nanaimo, British Columbia in 2010.

Nanaimo
Nanaimo (/nəˈnaɪmoʊ/ nə-NY-moh) is a city on the east coast of Vancouver Island, in British Columbia, Canada. "The Harbour City" was previously known as the "Hub City", which was attributed to its original layout design with streets radiating from the shoreline like the spokes of a wagon wheel, and to its relatively central location on Vancouver Island. Nanaimo is the headquarters of the Regional District of Nanaimo.

Nanaimo is served by the Island Highway along the east coast, the BC Ferries system, and its regional airport. It is also on the dormant Island Rail Corridor.
Chinese Olympic politics
This narrow-focus article concerns Chinese Olympic politics only. This is the politics, historical and present-day, surrounding the participation in the Olympics of the Chinese Olympic Team, the Chinese Taipei Olympic Team and to a much lesser extent the Hong Kong Olympic Team. This article is not concerned with Sport.

Chinese Taipei at the Olympics
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), competes as "Chinese Taipei" (TPE) at the Olympic Games  since 1984. Athletes compete under the Chinese Taipei Olympic flag instead of the flag of the Republic of China; for any medal ceremony, the National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China is played instead of the National Anthem of the Republic of China.

Taiwanese athletes won their first Olympic medal in 1960, and their first gold medal in 2004. Taiwan achieved their highest total medal count at the 2020 games.
Open-source Unicode typefaces
There are Unicode typefaces which are open-source and designed to contain glyphs of all Unicode characters, or at least a broad selection of Unicode scripts. There are also numerous projects aimed at providing only a certain script, such as the Arabeyes Arabic font. The advantage of targeting only some scripts with a font was that certain Unicode characters should be rendered differently depending on which language they are used in, and that a font that only includes the characters a certain user needs will be much smaller in file size compared to one with many glyphs. Unicode fonts in modern formats such as OpenType can in theory cover multiple languages by including multiple glyphs per character, though very few actually cover more than one language's forms of the unified Han characters.

Han unification
Han unification is an effort by the authors of Unicode and the Universal Character Set to map multiple character sets of the Han characters of the so-called CJK languages into a single set of unified characters. Han characters are a feature shared in common by written Chinese (hanzi), Japanese (kanji), Korean (hanja) and Vietnamese (chữ Hán).

Modern Chinese, Japanese and Korean typefaces typically use regional or historical variants of a given Han character. In the formulation of Unicode, an attempt was made to unify these variants by considering them as allographs – different glyphs representing the same "grapheme" or orthographic unit –  hence, "Han unification", with the resulting character repertoire sometimes contracted to Unihan.

Nevertheless, many characters have regional variants assigned to different code points, such as Traditional 個 (U+500B) versus Simplified 个 (U+4E2A).
Three-Pawn Sacrifice Rapid Attack
Three-Pawn Sacrifice Rapid Attack (三歩突き捨て急戦 san-fu tsukisute kyuusen) is a fast attacking strategy in shogi. It's a Static Rook Boat Rapid Attack strategy against Black's (sente) blocking the bishop's diagonal in a Third File Rook. It was created by Hifumi Katō.

Castle (shogi)
In shogi, castles (Japanese: 囲い, Hepburn: kakoi; lit.: "enclosure") are strong defensive configurations of pieces that protect the king (Japanese: 玉).

While the English shogi term "castle" seems to be borrowed from the special castling move in western chess, shogi castles are structures that require making multiple individual moves with more than one piece.
Yellow Card Man
"Yellow Card Man" is a science fiction novelette published in 2006 by Paolo Bacigalupi.  It was nominated for the 2007 Hugo Award for Best Novelette, as well as finishing ninth for the Locus award, being a finalist for the Sturgeon award, and won the Asimov's Readers' Poll, all for best novelette. In the 2012 Locus on-line poll, it finished 13th for the best novelette of the 21st century. The story serves as a prologue for Bacigalupi's novel, The Windup Girl.

Prologue
A prologue or prolog (from Ancient Greek πρόλογος prólogos, from πρό pró, "before" and λόγος lógos, "speech") is an opening to a story that establishes the context and gives background details, often some earlier story that ties into the main one, and other miscellaneous information. The Ancient Greek word πρόλογος includes the modern meaning of prologue, but was of wider significance, more like the meaning of preface. The importance, therefore, of the prologue in Greek drama was very great; it sometimes almost took the place of a romance, to which, or to an episode in which, the play itself succeeded.
Amilcar M
The Amilcar M is a mid-sized car, initially in the 7CV car tax band, made between 1928 and 1935 by the French Amilcar company. Most of the cars were delivered with a boxy four door “berline” body characteristic of the late 1920s.

Tax horsepower
The fiscal / taxable horsepower or just tax horsepower was an early system to calculate road taxation rates for automobiles in a number of key Western European countries such as the UK, Germany, France, Belgium and Italy. Some U.S. states like Illinois also charged license plate purchase and renewal fees for passenger automobiles, based on taxable horsepower. The tax horsepower rating was typically computed not from actual engine power but by mathematical formulae based on cylinder dimensions etc, and varying per country. In the early twentieth century, fiscal power was reasonably close to real power – but as the internal combustion engine developed, real power output outpaced nominal taxable power by a factor of up to ten or more.