hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The history of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology can be traced back to the 1861 incorporation of the "Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Boston Society of Natural History" led primarily by William Barton Rogers.

Boston Society of Natural History
The Boston Society of Natural History (1830–1948) in Boston, Massachusetts, was an organization dedicated to the study and promotion of natural history. It published a scholarly journal and established a museum. In its first few decades, the society occupied several successive locations in Boston's Financial District, including Pearl Street, Tremont Street and Mason Street. In 1864 it moved into a newly constructed museum building at 234 Berkeley Street in the Back Bay, designed by architect William Gibbons Preston. In 1951 the society evolved into the Museum of Science, and relocated to its current site on the Charles River.
Natural history of Minnesota
The natural history of Minnesota covers the plant and animal species of the U.S. state of Minnesota. The continental climate and location of Minnesota at the physiographic intersection of the Laurentian and the Interior Plains influences its plant and animal life. Three of North America's biomes converge in Minnesota: prairie grasslands in the southwestern and western parts of the state, the eastern temperate deciduous forests in the east-central and the southeast, and the coniferous forest in the north-central and northeast.

Laurentian Upland
The Laurentian Upland (or Laurentian Highlands) is a physiographic region which, when referred to as the "Laurentian Region" or the Grenville geological province, is recognized by Natural Resources Canada as one of five provinces of the larger Canadian Shield physiographic division. The United States Geological Survey recognizes the Laurentian Upland as the larger general upland area of the Canadian Shield.
Conus (surname)
Conus, also Konyus (Russian: Коню́с) is a Russian surname of the family of musicians of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Georgi Conus (1862–1933), Russian composer, brother of Julius and Lev

Julius Conus (1869–1942), Russian violinist and composer, brother of Georgi and Lev

Lev Conus (1871–1944), Russian pianist, music educator, and composer, brother of Georgi and Julius

Natalia Conus (1914–1989) Russian ballet dancer, choreographer, Honored Artist of the RSFSR

Serge Conus (1902–1988), Russian pianist and composer, son of Julius

Georgi Conus
Georgi Eduardovich Conus (Russian: Георгий Эдуардович Конюс; September 30 [O.S. September 18] 1862 – 29 August 1933) was a Russian music theorist and composer of French descent.

He is buried in Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow.
Shesh Bazi
Shesh Bazi (transl. Final Bet) is a 2024 Bangladeshi crime thriller film directed by Mehdi Hasan and produced by Syed Mohammad Sohel under the banner of Require Real Estate Limited. The film's story revolves around the impact of gambling on people's lives, starring Symon Sadik, Shirin Shila, Mahamudul Hasan Mithu, Saberi Alam and Rashed Mamun Apu played in the lead roles. Symon Sadik was nominated for Meril-Prothom Alo Award for Best Film Actor for his role in this film.

Meril-Prothom Alo Award for Best Film Actor
The Meril-Prothom Alo Award for Best Film Actor is an award jointly presented by Meril and Prothom Alo in recognition of the contribution of Bangladeshi film actors. The award was first presented in 1999 as part of the Meril-Prothom Alo Awards for a 1998 film.

Riaz won the award for the first time in this category. Shakib Khan won this award for a record eight times, including five times in a row from 2011 to 2015. Riaz has also come second five times, followed by Manna three times and Arifin Shuvoo twice. The latest winner is Chanchal Chowdhury won the award for his performance in the Hawa (2022).
HMS Tarpon (N17)
The second HMS Tarpon (N17) was a T-class submarine of the Royal Navy. She was laid down by Scotts, Greenock and launched in October 1939. She is named after the large fish Tarpon; one species of which is native to the Atlantic, and the other to the Indo-Pacific Oceans.

Tarpon
Tarpon are fish of the genus Megalops. They are the only extant members of the family Megalopidae. Of the two species, one (M. atlanticus) is native to the Atlantic, and the other (M. cyprinoides) to the Indo-Pacific Oceans.
Robert Eschricht
Robert Alexander Eschricht (born 1985 in Hamburg) is a German politician serving as a member of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin since 2023. He has served as chairman of the Alternative for Germany in Neukölln since 2019.

Neukölln
Neukölln (German: [nɔʏˈkœln] ⓘ; officially abbreviated Neuk), is one of the twelve boroughs of Berlin. It is located south-east of Berlin's center and stretches from the inner city southward to the border with Brandenburg, encompassing the eponymous quarter of Neukölln in the north, and the southern quarters of Britz, Gropiusstadt, Buckow and Rudow.

The borough was constituted in 1920, when the Greater Berlin Act came into effect. After World War II, Neukölln was part of the American sector during the Allied occupation of the city, and of West Berlin from 1949 until German reunification in 1990. Since the late 1950s, it has been characterised by one of the highest shares of immigrant residents in Berlin, especially in its urbanized and industrialized northern regions. An influx of students and artists since the mid-2000s has led to gentrification.
Cecilia (band)
Cecilia was a pop-rock band based in New York. The band was from the Washington, D.C. area, then later moved to Astoria, Queens. While not a religious group, the band chose the name Cecilia from Saint Cecilia, patron saint of music and of the blind. The band released one album, as The Veltz Family.

Saint Cecilia
Saint Cecilia (Latin: Sancta Caecilia), also spelled Cecelia, was a Roman Christian virgin martyr, who is venerated in Catholic, Orthodox, Anglican, and some Lutheran churches, such as the Church of Sweden. She became the patron of music and musicians, it being written that, as the musicians played at her wedding, Cecilia "sang in her heart to the Lord". Musical compositions are dedicated to her, and her feast, on 22 November, is the occasion of concerts and musical festivals. She is also known as Cecilia of Rome.

Saint Cecilia is one of several virgin martyrs commemorated by name in the Canon of the Mass in the Latin Church. The church of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, founded in the 3rd century by Pope Urban I, is believed to be on the site of the house where she lived and died.
Gibby Hatton
Gilbert "Gil" Hatton (born July 31, 1956 in Alburtis, Pennsylvania), also known as Gibby Hatton, is an American former track cyclist and current cycling trainer.

In 1976 and 1977, Hatton was American vice-champion in the sprint. He finished as third in the Keirin at the 1983 UCI Track World Championships in Zürich and was the first American to be invited to the International Keirin Series in Japan, racing there from 1984 until 1991.

After the end of his career in 1992, Hatton continued racing in the masters class. Hatton has also worked as cycling coach. He has supervised Marty Nothstein, a multiple world champion, American cyclists Jessica Grieco, Rebecca Quinn, and Amber Holt, and the South African driver Jean-Pierre van Zyl. In 2003, Hatton was added into the Hall of Fame of the Valley Preferred Cycling Center in Trexlertown, Pennsylvania.

Trexlertown, Pennsylvania
Trexlertown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Upper Macungie Township in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,382. It is part of the Lehigh Valley, which had a population of 861,899 and was the 68th-most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census, and lies between Breinigsville and Wescosville.

The global corporate headquarters of Air Products is located immediately across the Trexlertown's eastern border with Allentown. Lehigh Valley Velodrome, a velodrome for professional and amateur cycling, also is located next to Trexlertown, in Breinigsville.
Daniel David Ellis
Daniel David Ellis (January 6, 1860 – 1927) was a physician and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Moosomin in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1905 to 1908 as a Provincial Rights Party member.

He was born in Wallace, Canada West, the son of Elijah Ellis, a native of Ireland, and was educated there, in Listowel and at the University of Toronto. In 1899, Ellis married Wilhelmina, the daughter of John George Hess. Ellis served as medical health officer for Stratford, Ontario and was a surgeon for the Perth County militia. Ellis served as provincial Grand Master for the Orange Lodge in Saskatchewan. He was defeated by Alexander S. Smith when he ran for reelection to the Saskatchewan assembly in 1908.

Moosomin-Montmartre
Moosomin-Montmartre is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. Located in southeastern Saskatchewan, this constituency was one of 25 created for the 1st Saskatchewan general election in 1905 under the name Moosomin.

Formerly represented by speaker Don Toth, it is arguably one of the most conservative ridings in the province, having been in the hands of a centre-right party without interruption since 1975. It has never elected a member of the CCF or NDP, though the NDP came within 51 votes of winning it during its 1991 landslide.

The largest centre in the constituency is the town of Moosomin. Other towns in the district include Grenfell, Kipling, Montmartre, Broadview, Whitewood, Rocanville and Wolseley.

The riding was renamed Moosomin-Montmartre for the 2024 general election.
Athrips pruinosella
Athrips pruinosella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in western and northern Europe. It has also been recorded from the Caucasus, the southern Ural Mountains, the Altai Mountains, Tuva, Buryatia, the Amur region, Primorye and North America.

The wingspan is 12–16 mm. Adults are on wing from the end of May to the beginning of August.

The larvae feed on Salix repens, Vaccinium uliginosum, Spiraea salicifolia, Andromeda polifolia and Vaccinium myrtillus.

Spiraea salicifolia
Spiraea salicifolia, the bridewort, willow-leaved meadowsweet, spice hardhack, or Aaron's beard, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. A shrub, it is native to east-central Europe, Kazakhstan, all of Siberia, the Russian Far East, Mongolia, northern China, Korea, and Japan, and it has been widely introduced to the rest of Europe and to eastern North America. It has been cultivated since the 1500s for hedges and similar applications, but is not particularly well-behaved.
Hermann-Eberhard Wildermuth
Hermann-Eberhard Wildermuth (23 October 1890  –  9 March 1952) was a German politician and a member of the FDP/DVP. From 1949 until his death he was the Federal Minister for Housing under Konrad Adenauer. During World War II Wildermuth was a highly decorated colonel in the Wehrmacht and was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. He was a grandson of the Swabian writer Ottilie Wildermuth.

Oberst
Oberst (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐst] ⓘ) is a senior field officer rank in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries, equivalent to Colonel. It is currently used by both the ground and air forces of Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, and Norway. The Swedish rank överste is a direct translation, as are the Finnish rank eversti and the Icelandic rank ofursti.
Palazzolo (surname)
Palazzolo is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jack Palazzolo, Australian association football player

Jim Palazzolo, American football coach

Luigi Maria Palazzolo (1827–1886), Italian Roman Catholic priest

Tom Palazzolo (born 1937), American filmmaker, photographer and artist

Vito Roberto Palazzolo (born 1947), Italian businessman

Tom Palazzolo
Tom Palazzolo (born 1937) is an American experimental filmmaker, photographer, and painter. From St. Louis, Missouri, Palazzolo moved to Chicago, Illinois in 1960 to attend the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Palazzolo is most known for his Chicago-centric documentary films. He is recognized for his ability to reveal the realities of the working class and urban life. Utilizing the Cinéma vérité style in films such as Jerry's (1976), his perspective often include panoramic views of a place or event.  Palazzolo's editing style is said to add a sense of humor while still portraying his subjects honestly. He was an important part of the underground film scene in Chicago during the 1960-70s that set itself apart from the lights of Hollywood and New York City.
New York Collegiate Hockey Association
The New York Collegiate Hockey Association was an intercollegiate athletic conference affiliated with the NCAA's Second Division. The league was created in 1977 between 6 then-existing SUNYAC schools as well as Buffalo and Elmira.

State University of New York Athletic Conference
The State University of New York Athletic Conference (SUNYAC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference that competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III, consisting of schools in the State University of New York system. It was chartered in 1958 as the New York State Intercollegiate Athletic Conference.
Suzy Prim
Suzy Prim (11 October 1896 – 7 July 1991) was a French actress.

She was born Suzanne Mariette Arduini in Paris and died in 1991 in Boulogne-Billancourt. She began her screen career as a child actress during the silent era.

Boulogne-Billancourt
Boulogne-Billancourt (French: [bulɔɲ bijɑ̃kuʁ] ⓘ; often colloquially simply Boulogne, until 1924 officially Boulogne-sur-Seine, [bulɔɲ syʁ sɛn], lit. 'Boulogne-on-Seine') is a wealthy and prestigious commune in the western inner suburbs of Paris, France, located 8.2 km (5 mi) from the centre of Paris at Notre Dame. It is a subprefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine department and thus the seat of the larger arrondissement of Boulogne-Billancourt. It is also part of the Métropole du Grand Paris. Boulogne-Billancourt includes one island in the Seine: Île Seguin.

Boulogne-Billancourt is one of the wealthiest regions in the Parisian area and in France. Formerly an important industrial site, it has successfully reconverted into business services and is now home to major communication companies headquartered in the Val de Seine business district.
Kwun Tong Residents Association
The Kwun Tong Residents Association (Chinese: 觀塘民眾聯誼會, KTRA) is a long established Kaifong association rooted in Kwun Tong.

It was established in 1974 and gained its status as non-profit organisation in 1999. It was seen as a traditional pro-PRC leftist group. The chairmen of the association include Chan Kam-lam of the pro-Beijing party Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB), the chairman of the Kwun Tong District Council Bunny Chan and the Kwung Tong District Councillor as well as the former official of the Liaison Office of central government Wong Chun-ping.

The association has been actively participated in the elections of Legislative Council and District Councils, including Hau Shui-pui in the 1991 election, and provides good support to the DAB candidates in elections.

Bunny Chan
Bunny Chan Chung-bun GBM GBS JP (Chinese: 陳振彬; born 1957) is a Hong Kong businessman and politician. He is the former chairman of the Kwun Tong District Council, a Hong Kong deputy to the National People's Congress of China and the chairman of the Hong Kong Army Cadets Association.
Attitude change
Attitude change is when a person or group changes their views, values, or beliefs about a particular topic, issue, or object. This can happen as a result of new information, experiences, or influence from others. Attitudes are associated beliefs and behaviors towards some object. They are not stable, and because of the communication and behavior of other people, are subject to change by social influences, as well as by the individual's motivation to maintain cognitive consistency when cognitive dissonance occurs—when two attitudes or attitude and behavior conflict. Attitudes and attitude objects are functions of affective and cognitive components. It has been suggested that the inter-structural composition of an associative network can be altered by the activation of a single node. Thus, by activating an affective or emotional node, attitude change may be possible, though affective and cognitive components tend to be intertwined.

Behavior
Behavior (American English) or behaviour (British English) is the range of actions of organisms, individuals, systems or artificial entities in some environment. These systems can include other systems or organisms as well as the inanimate physical environment. It is the computed response of the system or organism to various stimuli or inputs, whether internal or external, conscious or subconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary. While some behavior is produced in response to an organism's environment (extrinsic motivation), behavior can also be the product of intrinsic motivation, also referred to as "agency" or "free will".

Taking a behavior informatics perspective, a behavior consists of actor, operation, interactions, and their properties. This can be represented as a behavior vector.
Hal Moggridge
Harry Traherne Moggridge CBE (born 1936) is a British architect and  landscape architect, co-founder of Colvin & Moggridge with Brenda Colvin, and former Professor of Landscape Architecture at Sheffield University; a past president of the Landscape Institute and a commissioner of the Royal Fine Art Commission.

Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment
The Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (CABE) was an executive non-departmental public body of the UK government, established in 1999. It was funded by both the Department for Culture, Media and Sport and the Department for Communities and Local Government. It was merged into the Design Council on 1 April 2011.
Beloved (1934 film)
Beloved is a 1934 American pre-Code drama film directed by Victor Schertzinger and written by Paul Gangelin and George O'Neil. The film stars John Boles, Gloria Stuart, Morgan Farley, Ruth Hall, Albert Conti and Dorothy Peterson. The film was released on January 22, 1934, by Universal Pictures.

Victor Schertzinger
Victor L. Schertzinger (April 8, 1888 – October 26, 1941) was an American composer, film director, film producer, and screenwriter. His films include Paramount on Parade (co-director, 1930), Something to Sing About (1937) with James Cagney, and the first two "Road" pictures Road to Singapore (1940) and Road to Zanzibar (1941). His two best-known songs are "I Remember You" and "Tangerine", both with lyrics by Johnny Mercer and both featured in Schertzinger's final film, The Fleet's In (1942).
Jabuka (Prijepolje)
Jabuka (Serbian Cyrillic: Јабука) is a village located in the municipality of Prijepolje, southwestern Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 275 inhabitants. A border crossing between Serbia and Montenegro is located in the village, as it lies on the main road between Prijepolje and Pljevlja.

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.
Etsowish-simmegee-itshin
Etsowish-simmegee-itshin, or Grizzly Bear Standing was a Chief of the Pend d'Oreilles (Kalispel tribe) in the first half of the 19th century. He became known as Loyola after his baptism under that name by Father De Smet, about 1842 or 1843. His early history is not known, but he was distinguished in his later years for his firm adherence to the Roman Catholic religion and his zealous efforts to lead his people to observe the teachings of the missionaries and the services and ordinances of the church.

Although strict in repressing disorder, Loyola was highly regarded by his people, who regarded him as a father. Towards the end of his life his wife and three children all died "within a short space of time." He died April 6, 1854, and was succeeded by Victor Alamiken, (who was distinct from Victor of the Flathead (Salish) tribe of about the same period.)

Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
The Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation (Montana Salish: Séliš u Ql̓ispé, Kutenai: k̓upawiȼq̓nuk) are a federally recognized tribe centered on the Flathead Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of Montana. The tribe includes Bitterroot Salish, Kutenai, and Upper Pend d'Oreille people, who are all Interior Salish peoples.

The Bitterroot Salish were referred to by Euro-American explorers as Flathead Indians. This name was originally applied to various Salish peoples after Europeans misinterpreted their identifying Coast Salish Sign Language sign to mean that they practiced artificial cranial deformation. This sign involved pressing both hands to the opposite sides of the head and meant, "We the people.”

The peoples of these tribes originally lived in the areas of Montana, parts of Idaho, British Columbia, and Wyoming. The original territory comprised about 22 million acres (89,000 km2) at the time of the 1855 Hellgate treaty.
Because of My Name
Because of My Name: Oratorio of Those Persecuted for Their Faith (Polish: Z powodu Mojego imienia – Oratorium prześladowanych za wiarę) is a double album by Piotr Rubik, was released on 25 July 2016, in CD format by the Agencja Artystyczna MTJ. On 27 February 2017, the same label released a DVD with a live recording of the concert that took place at the Kadzielnia amphitheater in Kielce.

The libretto was written by Zbigniew Książek, and the music was composed by Piotr Rubik. The vocalists are: Agnieszka Przekupień, Zofia Nowakowska, Olivia Wieczorek, Marcin Januszkiewicz, and Michał Bogdanowicz.

Zofia Nowakowska
Zofia Nowakowska (born 25 February 1988, Kościan) is a Polish singer. Besides Polish performances, she has also recorded an English version of the song "The Right to Love".

From 2004-2010, Nowakowska was part of the Studio Buffo musical theatre company where she played in several roles including Marie Antoinette in Ça Ira, a musical written by Roger Waters.

She has worked on dubbing several Disney films into Polish, most notably doing the voice of Nala in The Lion King (2019).

In 2021, Nowakowska played the role of Jenna Hunterson in a Polish version of "Waitress the Musical". That same year, she released a new album with Belgian producer David Nox, entitled ECHO. She has also collaborated with several notable Polish musicians, including Piotr Rubik and Jacek Cygan.
Charles MacCarthy, 1st Viscount Muskerry
Sir Charles MacCarthy, 1st Viscount of Muskerry (died 1641), also called Cormac Oge, especially in Irish, was from a family of Irish chieftains who were the Lords of Muskerry, related to the Old English through maternal lines. He became the 17th Lord of Muskerry upon his father's death in 1616. He acquired a noble title under English law, becoming 1st Viscount Muskerry and 1st Baron Blarney under letters patent. He sat in the House of Lords in both Irish parliaments of King Charles I. He opposed Strafford, the king's viceroy in Ireland, and in 1641 contributed to his demise by submitting grievances to the king in London. Muskerry died during this mission and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

Chief governor of Ireland
The chief governor was the senior official in the Dublin Castle administration, which maintained English and British rule in Ireland from the 1170s to 1922. The chief governor was the viceroy of the English monarch (and later the British monarch) and presided over the Privy Council of Ireland. In some periods he was in effective charge of the administration, subject only to the monarch; in others he was a figurehead and power was wielded by others.