hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tangxi, Hangzhou
Tangxi, often referred to as Tangqi, is a town located in Linping District of Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China, 10 kilometers away from the city center of Hangzhou. Located in the northwest of Linping District, east of Canal Street, Linping Street, south, southwest of Chongxian Street, west of Renhe Street, north of Huzhou Deqing County Leidian Town, Xin'an Town, Yuyue town adjacent, it is 13 kilometers away from Yuhang city. Tangxi was established a thousand years ago and has a total area is 79 square kilometers. It is famous for its loquats and Prunus mume in the neighboring area of Chaoshan Mountain.

Jiangnan
Jiangnan is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, including the southern part of its delta. The region encompasses the city of Shanghai, the southern part of Jiangsu Province, the southeastern part of Anhui Province, the northern part of Jiangxi Province and Zhejiang Province. The most important cities in the area include Anqing, Changzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Wenzhou, Yangzhou and Zhenjiang.

Jiangnan has long been regarded as one of the most prosperous regions in China due to its wealth in trade and very high human development. Most people of the region speak Wu Chinese dialects as their languages which they are native to.
Flatrock Creek (Auglaize River tributary)
Flatrock Creek is a 57.2-mile-long (92.1 km) tributary of the Auglaize River in northeastern Indiana and northwestern Ohio in the United States. It drains a primarily rural farming area in the watershed of Lake Erie.

It rises in a group of headwater streams along the border between Adams County, Indiana and Van Wert County, Ohio, approximately 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Decatur, Indiana.  The creek flows northwest from Ohio into eastern Allen County, Indiana, then turns northeast at Monroeville, Indiana and flows into Paulding County, Ohio, past Payne and Paulding. It joins the Auglaize from the west approximately 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Defiance at 41°10′34″N 84°26′27″W﻿ / ﻿41.1761604°N 84.4407815°W﻿ / 41.1761604; -84.4407815.

Paulding, Ohio
Paulding is a village in and the county seat of Paulding County, Ohio, United States. It is located predominantly in Paulding Township about 64 miles (103 km) southwest of Toledo.  The population was 3,555 at the 2020 census.
Centerpin fishing
Centerpin fishing, also called float fishing or center pin fishing, is a fishing technique which uses  a centerpin rod, a centerpin reel, and Roe,  or an artificial fly. The method is used  for steelhead fishing in fresh water, and is currently popular with freshwater salmon anglers who drift floats downstream.

Roe
Roe, (/roʊ/ ⓘ ROH) or hard roe, is the fully ripe internal egg masses in the ovaries, or the released external egg masses, of fish and certain marine animals such as shrimp, scallop, sea urchins and squid. As a seafood, roe is used both as a cooked ingredient in many dishes, and as a raw ingredient for delicacies such as caviar.

The roe of marine animals, such as the roe of lumpsucker, hake, mullet, salmon, Atlantic bonito, mackerel, squid, and cuttlefish are especially rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids, but omega-3s are present in all fish roe. Also, a significant amount of vitamin B12 is among the nutrients present in fish roes.

Roe from a sturgeon, or sometimes other fish such as flathead grey mullet, is the raw base product from which caviar is made.

The term soft roe or white roe denotes fish milt, not fish eggs.
29th (East Anglian) Anti-Aircraft Brigade
29th (East Anglian) Anti-Aircraft Brigade was an air defence formation of Britain's Territorial Army (TA) before and during the Second World War. It defended East Anglian airfields and ports during the Battle of Britain and The Blitz. It was reformed in the postwar TA.

Wrabness
Wrabness is a small village and civil parish near Manningtree, Essex, England. The village is located six miles (10 km) west of Harwich, in North Essex on the banks of the River Stour. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 369.
Sieversia
Sieversia is a genus of flowering plants of the family Rosaceae. It is also in the subfamily Rosoideae, and tribe Colurieae.

Its native range is the Russian Far East (within the federal subjects of Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye and Sakhalin including the Kuril Islands) to Japan and the Aleutian Islands.

The genus name of Sieversia is in honour of Johann August Carl Sievers (1762–1795), a German-born botanist who explored Central Asia, Siberia, and other Asian regions of the Russian Empire. It was first described and published in Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Vol.5 on page 397 in 1811.

Magadan Oblast
Magadan Oblast is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically located in the Far East region of the country, and is administratively part of the Far Eastern Federal District. Magadan Oblast has a population of 136,085 (2021 Census), making it the least populated oblast and the third-least populated federal subject in Russia.

Magadan is the largest city and the capital of Magadan Oblast with the majority of the oblast's inhabitants living in the city itself. The coastline has a less severe climate than the interiors, although both are relatively cold for their latitudes.

It borders Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the north, Kamchatka Krai in the east, Khabarovsk Krai in the south and the Sakha Republic in the west. The economy is primarily based on mining, particularly gold, silver and other non-ferrous metals.
Aïssa Messaoudi
Aïssa Messaoudi, nom de guerre Tayeb el-Afghani, was an Algerian Islamist. He fought in the Afghan War. Together with a fellow Afghan veteran, Abderrahmane Dahane, he launched an attack on the Guemmar barracks on November 29, 1991, before the start of the Algerian Civil War proper; this attack is sometimes considered to mark the beginning of the Armed Islamic Movement (MIA).  He was arrested on January 28, 1992.

He was sentenced to death on 4 May 1992. He died in November 1992.

Guemar
Guemar (Arabic: ﻗﻤﺎر) is a Saharan oasis town in Algeria near the Tunisian border, in the Oued Souf area of the El Oued Province, about 20 km north of El Oued.  It includes a zaouia and a border post. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 39,168, up from 29,185 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 3.0%.
1992 Alexandra state by-election
A by-election was held for the South Australian House of Assembly seat of Alexandra on 9 May 1992. This was triggered by the resignation of former state Liberal MHA Ted Chapman. The seat had been retained by the Liberals since it was created and first contested at the 1973 state election. The by-election was held on the same day as the Kavel state by-election.

Liberal candidate Dean Brown retained the seat after preferences.

Ted Chapman
William Edwin (Ted) Chapman (16 December 1933 – 25 July 2005) was a Liberal member of the Parliament of South Australia from 10 March 1973 to 11 March 1992 and Minister.

Chapman represented the district of Alexandra in the South Australian House of Assembly between 1973 and 1992. He served as Minister for Agriculture when David Tonkin was premier, taking a lead in promoting Australian dry-land farming in the Middle East.

Chapman died in hospital in July 2005 after incurring a brain hemorrhage two months earlier.
HMS Dauntless
Five ships and one shore establishment of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Dauntless:

HMS Dauntless (1804) was an 18-gun sloop launched at Hull, England in November 1804. In 1807 she ran aground during a battle in the Vistula River and was forced to surrender to the French.

HMS Dauntless (1808) was a 26-gun sloop launched in 1808 and sold for breaking in 1825.

HMS Dauntless (1847) was a 24-gun (from 1854, 33-gun) frigate launched in 1847 and sold for breaking in 1885.

HMS Dauntless (D45) was a Danae-class light cruiser launched in 1918. She was used as a training vessel from 1943 before being sold for breaking in 1946.

HMS Dauntless was the WRNS training establishment at Burghfield, near Reading, Berkshire, from 1947 until 1981.

HMS Dauntless (D33) is a Type 45 destroyer launched on 23 January 2007 at the BAE Systems Govan shipyard in Glasgow, and commissioned in June 2010.

HMS Dauntless (D33)
HMS Dauntless is the second ship of the Type 45 or Daring-class air-defence destroyers built for the British Royal Navy. She is currently under the command of Commander Ben Dorrington. She was launched at Govan in January 2007, was handed over to the Royal Navy on 3 December 2009 and was formally commissioned on 3 June 2010.
Légua
Légua (lit. 'League') is a 2023 drama film directed by João Miller Guerra & Filipa Reis who co-wrote with Sara Morais, José Filipe Costa and Letícia Simões. It stars Carla Maciel and Fátima Soares accompanied by Vitória Nogueira da Silva, Sara Machado, Paulo Calatré and Manuel Mozos. It is a co-production between Portugal, France and Italy.

Légua had its world premiere on May 23, 2023, at Directors' Fortnight at the 76th Cannes Film Festival,

Directors' Fortnight
The Directors' Fortnight (French: Quinzaine des cinéastes, formerly Quinzaine des réalisateurs) is an independent section held in parallel to the Cannes Film Festival. It was started in 1969 by the French Directors Guild after the events of May 1968 resulted in cancellation of the Cannes festival as an act of solidarity with striking workers.

The Directors' Fortnight showcases a programme of shorts and feature films and documentaries worldwide.
Americus Backers
Americus Backers (died 1778), sometimes described as the father of the English grand pianoforte style, brought the hammer striking action for keyboard instruments from his master Gottfried Silbermann's workshop in Freiburg to England in the mid-18th century. Unlike the eleven other ex-apprentices of Silbermann who followed him to England and built square pianos with his action, Backers developed Silbermann's action (copied from Cristofori) into a reliable, powerful and responsive form that he built into a grand harpsichord case and added two tonal effects – una corda and damper lift – activated by pedals built into the dedicated trestle stand, again his original innovation. This new instrument altered the landscape of English music, causing composers and musicians to consign the plucked string harpsichord and its music to history.

Dynamics (music)
In music, the dynamics of a piece are the variation in loudness between notes or phrases. Dynamics are indicated by specific musical notation, often in some detail. However, dynamics markings require interpretation by the performer depending on the musical context:  a specific marking may correspond to a different volume between pieces or even sections of one piece. The execution of dynamics also extends beyond loudness to include changes in timbre and sometimes tempo rubato.
Libby, Minnesota
Libby is an unincorporated community in Libby Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. The community is located between McGregor and Jacobson along State Highway 65 (MN 65). The Mississippi River flows nearby. Libby is located immediately northwest of Big Sandy Lake.

Nearby places include Palisade, McGregor, Tamarack, Jacobson, Ball Bluff, and Savanna Portage State Park.

Libby is located 13 miles north of McGregor, and 16 miles south of Jacobson.

Aitkin Lake is located near Libby, stocked with black bullhead, black crappie, bluegill, brown bullhead, hybrid sunfish, largemouth bass, northern pike, pumpkinseed, tullibee (cisco), walleye, yellow bullhead, yellow perch, bowfin (dogfish), shorthead redhorse, white sucker, golden shiner and minnow.

The community had a post office from 1891 to 1953.

McGregor, Minnesota
McGregor is a city in Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 384 at the 2020 census. McGregor is along Minnesota State Highways 65 and 210. Other routes include Aitkin County Road 8 (Maddy Street).
Mu Tauri
μ Tauri, Latinized as Mu Tauri, is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Taurus. It has a blue-white hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.27. The star is located approximately 490 light years distant from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +16 km/s.

This object has a stellar classification of B3IV, matching a B-type subgiant star. In the past this star was thought to have a variable radial velocity, but is now considered constant. It is 252 million years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 89 km/s. The star has 6.7 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 462 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 16,980 K. It is emitting an infrared excess at a wavelength of 18 μm, making it a candidate host of a faint warm debris disk.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
Synshar Lyngdoh Thabah
Synshar Lyngdoh Thabah (born 1983) is an Indian politician from Meghalaya. He is a member of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly from Sohiong Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Tribe community, in East Khasi Hills district. He won the 2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election representing the United Democratic Party.

United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)
The United Democratic Party is a political party recognised in Meghalaya state, India. It is now led by Metbah Lyngdoh. It was started by E. K. Mawlong.

The flag of the party is of three vertical colours with scarlet red colour at the extreme left nearest to the flag post, parrot green colour at the extreme right and white colour at the middle signifying respectively courage, valour and sacrifice (Scarlet Red), sincerity, honesty, integrity (White) and hope, hard work, survival (Green).
Lockheed Martin Space
Lockheed Martin Space  is one of the four major business divisions of Lockheed Martin. It has its headquarters in Littleton, Colorado, with additional sites in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania; Sunnyvale, California; Santa Cruz, California; Huntsville, Alabama; and elsewhere in the United States and United Kingdom. The division employs about 20,000 people, and its products include commercial and military satellites, space probes, missile defense systems, NASA's Orion spacecraft, and the Space Shuttle external tank.

STS-61-C
STS-61-C was the 24th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the seventh mission of Space Shuttle Columbia. It was the first time that Columbia, the first space-rated Space Shuttle orbiter to be constructed, had flown since STS-9. The mission launched from Florida's Kennedy Space Center on January 12, 1986, and landed six days later on January 18, 1986. STS-61-C's seven-person crew included the first Costa Rican-born astronaut, Franklin Chang-Díaz, the second African-American shuttle pilot, Charles Bolden, and the second sitting politician to fly in space, Rep. Bill Nelson (D-FL). Both Bolden and Nelson would also later go on to become Administrators of NASA. STS-61-C was the last shuttle mission before the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster, which occurred ten days after STS-61-C's landing.
Neurotensin
Neurotensin is a 13 amino acid neuropeptide that is implicated in the regulation of luteinizing hormone and prolactin release and has significant interaction with the dopaminergic system.  Neurotensin was first isolated from extracts of bovine hypothalamus based on its ability to cause a visible vasodilation in the exposed cutaneous regions of anesthetized rats.

Neurotensin is distributed throughout the central nervous system, with highest levels in the hypothalamus, amygdala and nucleus accumbens. It induces a variety of effects, including analgesia, hypothermia, and increased locomotor activity. It is also involved in regulation of dopamine pathways. In the periphery, neurotensin is found in enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine, where it leads to pancreatic and biliary secretion, reduced gastric acid secretion, and smooth muscle contraction.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
Morning business
In the United States Senate, morning business refers to a designated period during a legislative day when routine proceedings are conducted. Despite its name, morning business can occur at any time during the day, typically by unanimous consent.

Unanimous consent
In parliamentary procedure, unanimous consent, also known as general consent, or in the case of the parliaments under the Westminster system, leave of the house (or leave of the senate), is a situation in which no member present objects to a proposal.
Zainab Jah
Zainab Jah is a British award-winning theater, television and film actress of Sierra Leonean descent. She is mostly known for her theater performances as Maima (Wife Number Two) in Danai Gurira's Broadway play Eclipsed, Venus, and School Girls, among others.

She has also worked in film and television. She plays anti-corruption minister Aminata Sissoko in the second season of Deep State, and Aby Bah in Homeland. She has also appeared on Blindspot and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.

Blindspot (TV series)
Blindspot is an American crime drama television series created by Martin Gero for NBC and executive-produced by Gero and Greg Berlanti. The show stars Sullivan Stapleton and Jaimie Alexander, and follows a mysterious woman with no recollection of her past or identity whose numerous tattoos contain clues to crimes that a team of FBI agents must solve. Rob Brown, Audrey Esparza, Ashley Johnson, Ukweli Roach and Marianne Jean-Baptiste co-star alongside Stapleton and Alexander. Archie Panjabi, Luke Mitchell, Michelle Hurd, Ennis Esmer and Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio joined in later seasons.

Blindspot was produced by Berlanti Productions, Quinn's House, and Warner Bros. Television, and premiered on NBC on September 21, 2015. On May 10, 2019, NBC renewed the series for a fifth and final season, which aired from May 7 to July 23, 2020.
2025 China Open – Men's singles
Jannik Sinner defeated Learner Tien in the final, 6–2, 6–2 to win the men’s singles tennis title at the 2025 China Open. It was his second China Open title (after 2023) and 21st ATP Tour title overall.

Carlos Alcaraz was the reigning champion, but chose to compete in Tokyo instead.

Learner Tien
Learner Tien (born December 2, 2005) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 23 achieved on February 9, 2026, and a best doubles ranking of No. 343 reached on August 18, 2025. His best achievement is reaching a major quarterfinal at the 2026 Australian Open. He is currently the No. 3 American in men's singles.

Tien has won one ATP Tour singles title at the 2025 Moselle Open, as well as the 2025 Next Gen ATP Finals.
Enrico Fermi Nuclear Power Plant (Italy)
Enrico Fermi Nuclear Power Plant was a nuclear power plant at Trino (often referred to as ‘Trino Vercellese’, meaning ‘Trino in the Province of Vercelli’), in north-west Italy.

Consisting of one 260 megawatt pressurized water reactor (PWR) from the vendor Westinghouse Electric Corporation, it operated from 1964 until 1990. Trino was in 1964 the third ever commercially operated PWR worldwide, and it had the second highest megawatt-capacity of them. It was closed down following the Italian nuclear power referendum, 1987.

The experimental enrichment plant, EUREX, near the power plant,  was closed down in 1984.

Province of Vercelli
The province of Vercelli (Italian: provincia di Vercelli) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is Vercelli.

As of 2015, it has an area of 2,081 square kilometres (803 sq mi) and a total population of some 176,000. It is an area known for the cultivation of rice.
Podgaje massacre
The Podgaje massacre refers to the mass murder of Polish People's Armies POWs, who were captured in January 1945 by the Waffen SS. The massacre took place in the village of Podgaje during the night of 31 January, during which approximately 160–210 POWs of the 4th Company, 3rd Infantry Regiment, of the 1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division  were executed. The murders were most likely committed by the 48th Dutch SS Grenadier regiment and/or the Latvian 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS.: 23

While some older sources claimed that 32 of the victims were burned alive, newer research does not support that conclusion.

The Polish soldiers were captured during the First Polish Army's attempt of breaking through the German defensive fortifications, known as the Pomeranian Wall.

The Podgaje massacre is commemorated on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw, with the inscription "PODGAJE 31 I 1945".

The event was fictionalized in the Polish 1979 movie Elegia.

Latvian Legion
The Latvian Legion (Latvian: Latviešu leģions) was a formation of the Nazi German Waffen-SS during World War II. Formed in 1943, it consisted primarily of ethnic Latvian men. The legion initially consisted of two divisions of the Waffen-SS: the 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian), and the 19th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (2nd Latvian). Later in the war, Arajs Kommando was disbanded and some of its members were transferred to the Latvian Legion.

The 15th Division was administratively subordinated to the VI SS Corps, but operationally it was in reserve or at the disposal of the XXXXIII Army Corps, 16th Army, Army Group North. The 19th Division held out in the Courland Pocket until May 1945, the close of World War II, when it was among the last of Nazi Germany's forces to surrender.