hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Evening Standard Tournament
The Evening Standard Tournament was a professional golf tournament played at Moor Park Golf Club near Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire in 1925 and 1926 and sponsored by the Evening Standard newspaper. Abe Mitchell won on both occasions. The events used a non-standard format. In 1925 it was effectively a 72-hole par-3 event, while in 1926 it was described as a "target" event with a complex scoring system.

Rickmansworth
Rickmansworth (/ˈrɪkmənzwərθ/) is a town in south-west Hertfordshire, England, located approximately 17 miles (27 km) north-west of central London, 5 miles (8 km) south-west of Watford and inside the perimeter of the M25 motorway. The town is mainly to the north of the Grand Union Canal (formerly the Grand Junction Canal) and the River Colne.

Rickmansworth is the administrative seat of the Three Rivers District Council; the confluence of the River Chess and the River Gade with the Colne in Rickmansworth inspired the district's name. The enlarged Colne flows south to form a major tributary of the River Thames.

The town is served by the Metropolitan line of the London Underground and by Chiltern Railways of the National Rail network, between London Marylebone and Aylesbury.
2013 Crédit Agricole Suisse Open Gstaad
The 2013 Crédit Agricole Suisse Open Gstaad was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 46th edition of the Crédit Agricole Suisse Open Gstaad, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2013 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Roy Emerson Arena in Gstaad, Switzerland, from 20 July through 28 July 2013.

Gstaad
Gstaad (/ɡəˈʃtɑːd, ɡəˈstɑːd/ gə-S(H)TAHD, German: [kʃtaːt]) is a town in the German-speaking section of the Canton of Bern in southwestern Switzerland. It is part of the municipality of Saanen and is known as a major ski resort and a popular destination amongst high society and the international jet set. The winter campus of the Institut Le Rosey is located in Gstaad. Gstaad has a population of about 9,200 and is located 1,050 metres (3,445 feet) above sea level.
Notting Hill Carnival
The Notting Hill Carnival is an annual Caribbean Carnival event that has taken place in London since 1966 on the streets of the Notting Hill area of Kensington, over the August Bank Holiday weekend.

It is led by members of the British Caribbean community, and attracts around two million people annually, making it one of the world's largest street festivals, the largest in Europe, and a significant event in British African Caribbean and British Indo-Caribbean culture. In 2006, the UK public voted the Notting Hill Carnival onto a list of icons of England.

Carnival traditionally commences on the Saturday with Panorama, a competition between steelpan bands. Sunday is designated family and children's day, with a shorter parade route for young people. The main adult parade takes place on Monday. Notting Hill Carnival represents the "five disciplines of carnival": masquerade, calypso, soca, steelpan, and sound systems.

British Indo-Caribbean people
British Indo-Caribbean people are British citizens, whose recent ancestors came from the Caribbean, and who further trace their ancestry back to India and the wider subcontinent. The UK has a large population of Indo-Caribbean people.
Section 115 Reform Act of 2006
The Section 115 Reform Act of 2006 ("SIRA" or "S1RA") was a bill introduced June 8, 2006 in the 109th United States Congress by Howard Berman (California-D) and Lamar Smith (Texas-R) as part of (H.R. 5553).  It is one of several recent attempts to modify Section 115 of the United States Copyright Act to accommodate digital delivery of musical works.

This bill was never enacted and thereby expired, but a revised version was incorporated into the Music Modernization Act twelve years later.: 511

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
Ilse Kubaschewski
Ilse Kubaschewski (1907–2001) was a German film producer. She became one of the prominent figures in the post-war West German film industry after setting up the distribution company Gloria Film in 1949.

Cinema of Germany
The cinema of Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century. The film industry in Germany made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology. Babelsberg became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later. Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors heavily contributed to early Hollywood, many of whom were Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution.

Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.

German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins.
You Have Seen Their Faces
You Have Seen Their Faces is a 1937 book by novelist Erskine Caldwell and photographer Margaret Bourke-White, first published by Viking Press.  A paperback version by Modern Age Books was released a few years later. The book depicts poverty and economic hardship in the American South during the Great Depression, highlighting the plight of tenant farmers, sharecroppers, and chain gangs in that region. The book was a commercial success.  There are three editions of the book published in 1937, 1975, and 1995.

Sharecropping
Sharecropping is a legal arrangement in which a landowner allows a tenant (sharecropper) to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping is different from tenant farming, which provides the tenant greater autonomy, and higher economic and social status.

Sharecropping may be a traditional arrangement of land governed by law. The French métayage, the Catalan masoveria, the Castilian mediero, the Polish połownictwo and Russian izdolshchina, the Italian mezzadria, and the Islamic system of muzara‘a (المزارعة), are examples of legal systems that have supported sharecropping.
Geodesic bicombing
In metric geometry, a geodesic bicombing distinguishes a class of geodesics of a metric space. The study of metric spaces with distinguished geodesics traces back to the work of the mathematician Herbert Busemann. The convention to call a collection of paths of a metric space bicombing is due to William Thurston. By imposing a weak global non-positive curvature condition on a geodesic bicombing several results from the theory of CAT(0) spaces and Banach space theory may be recovered in a more general setting.

CAT(k) space
In mathematics, a  space, where  is a real number, is a specific type of metric space. Intuitively, triangles in a  space (with ) are "slimmer" than corresponding "model triangles" in a standard space of constant curvature . In a  space, the curvature is bounded from above by . A notable special case is ; complete  spaces are known as "Hadamard spaces" after the French mathematician Jacques Hadamard.

Originally, Aleksandrov called these spaces “ domains”.
The terminology  was coined by Mikhail Gromov in 1987 and is an acronym for Élie Cartan, Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov and Victor Andreevich Toponogov (although Toponogov never explored curvature bounded above in publications).
Christian Hjermind
Christian Hjermind (born 25 July 1973) is a Danish former professional team handball player. Until April 2025 he served as the director of KIF Kolding.

Hjermind played club handball for HIK Håndbold, and was the top goalscorer of the club in the 1995 Danish Handball League season. 
He moved abroad to play for SG Flensburg-Handewitt in Germany and BM Ciudad Real in Spain. In 1997 he was named Danish handaller of the year.  He returned to Denmark to play for KIF Kolding in 2003. He played four seasons with KIF, winning two Danish Handball League championships and two Danish Handball Cup trophies, before moving back to Ciudad Real in 2007.

He represented the Danish national handball team at the 2002 European Championship, winning bronze medals, the 2003 World Championship, the 2004 European Championship, winning bronze medals, and the 2005 World Championship.

2003 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2003 World Men's Handball Championship took place in Portugal from 20 January to 2 February 2003. It was the 18th edition of the World Championship in team handball and Croatia won the championship.
2024 West Papua gubernatorial election
The 2024 West Papua gubernatorial election was held on 27 November 2024 as part of nationwide local elections to elect the governor of West Papua province for a five-year term. The previous election was held in 2017. Former Governor Dominggus Mandacan was elected unopposed.

2024 Indonesian local elections
Local executive elections (Indonesian: Pemilihan Kepala Daerah or Pilkada) to elect governors, mayors and regents in Indonesia were held on 27 November 2024 across 545 regions: 37 provinces, 415 regencies and 93 cities, which covered all provinces except Yogyakarta Special Region and all cities/regencies except the constituents of Jakarta. The previous local executive elections were held in 2020. The elections was the first time regional leaders are all elected simultaneously nationwide in Indonesia.

The elections saw major gains for President Prabowo Subianto's Gerindra party, while the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle suffered losses in key races, especially in Central and East Java. Golkar and PKS also suffered setbacks. Most elected leaders were sworn in on 20 February 2025, but 26 races had to be repeated in 2025.
Doug Kostynski
Douglas Kostynski (born February 23, 1963, in Castlegar, British Columbia) is a retired ice hockey player. He was drafted by the Boston Bruins with the 186th overall pick in the 1982 NHL Entry Draft. He played 15 games for the Bruins.

1982 NHL entry draft
The 1982 NHL entry draft was the 20th NHL entry draft. It was held at the Montreal Forum in Montreal, Quebec. The National Hockey League (NHL) teams selected 252 players eligible for entry into professional ranks, in the reverse order of the 1981–82 NHL season and playoff standings. This is the list of those players selected.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Dave Andreychuk, who retired after the 2005–06 season.
Jinzhou, Dalian
Jinzhou District (simplified Chinese: 金州区; traditional Chinese: 金州區; pinyin: Jīnzhōu Qū; lit. 'golden prefecture') is one of the seven districts of Dalian, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China. It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of the city centre and faces the Bohai Sea to the west as well as the Korea Bay to the east and has a longer history than Dalian itself, and used to be a thriving walled city where the officials of this area were dispatched from the central government. Recently, it is again a thriving town, having Dalian Development Area within its area as well as becoming a bedroom community to downtown Dalian. Its area is 1,352.54 square kilometres (522.22 sq mi) and its permanent population as of 2020 is 1,545,491.

Zhou (administrative division)
Zhou (Chinese: 州; pinyin: zhōu; lit. 'land') were historical administrative and political divisions of China. Formally established during the Han dynasty, zhou existed continuously for over 2000 years until the 1912 establishment of the Republic of China. Zhou were also once used in Korea (주, ju), Vietnam (Vietnamese: châu) and Japan (Hepburn: shū).
Caryonoda
Caryonoda is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is considered either the only member of the tribe Caryonodini, or a member of the tribe Eumolpini. It contains six species from South America, and a single species from Nicaragua.

Jan Bechyně
Jan Karel Bechyně (19 September 1920 – 9 March 1973) was a Czech entomologist and a leading authority on leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae). He was the son of photographer Jan Bechyně and nephew of architect Stanislav Bechyně.
Frederick Trench, 3rd Baron Ashtown
Frederick Oliver Trench, 3rd Baron Ashtown (2 February 1868 – 20 March 1946) was an Anglo-Irish landowner and opponent of the United Irish League. He was also an Irish representative peer in the House of Lords from 1908 to 1915.

United Irish League
The United Irish League (UIL) was a nationalist political party in Ireland, launched 23 January 1898 with the motto "The Land for the People". Its objective to be achieved through agrarian agitation and land reform, compelling larger grazier farmers to surrender their lands for redistribution among the small tenant farmers. Founded and initiated at Westport, County Mayo by William O'Brien, it was supported by Michael Davitt MP, John Dillon MP, who worded its constitution, Timothy Harrington MP, John O'Connor Power MP and the Catholic clergy of the district. By 1900 it had expanded to be represented by 462 branches in twenty-five counties.
Australian zebra finch
The Australian zebra finch (Taeniopygia castanotis) is the most common estrildid finch of Central Australia. It ranges over most of the continent, avoiding only the cool humid south and some areas of the tropical far north. The bird has been introduced to Puerto Rico and Portugal. Due to the ease of keeping and breeding the zebra finch in captivity, it has become Australia's most widely studied bird; by 2010, it was the most studied captive model passerine species worldwide, by a considerable margin.

Central Australia
Central Australia, also sometimes referred to as the Red Centre, is an inexactly defined region associated with the geographic centre of Australia. In its narrowest sense it describes a region that is limited to the town of Alice Springs and its immediate surrounds including the MacDonnell Ranges. Commonly, it refers to an area up to 600 km (370 mi) from Alice Springs, in every direction. In its broadest use it can include almost any region in inland Australia that has remained relatively undeveloped, and in this sense is synonymous with the term Outback.

In a modern, more formal sense it can refer to the administrative region used by the Northern Territory government, as of 2022.

Centralia is another term associated with the area, most commonly used by locals.
Linea alba (abdomen)
The linea alba (Latin for: white line) is a strong fibrous midline structure of the anterior abdominal wall situated between the two recti abdominis muscles (one on either side). The umbilicus (navel) is present on the linea alba through which foetal umbilical vessels pass before birth. The linea alba is formed by the union of aponeuroses (of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall) that collectively make up the rectus sheath. The linea alba attaches to the xiphoid process superiorly, and to the pubic symphysis inferiorly. It is narrow inferiorly where the two recti abdominis muscles are in contact with each other posterior to it, and broadens superior-ward from just inferior to the umbilicus.

The name means white line as it is composed mostly of collagen connective tissue, which has a white appearance.

In sufficiently muscular individuals, its presence can be seen on the skin, forming the depression between the left and right halves of a "six pack".

Pubic symphysis
The pubic symphysis (pl.: symphyses) is a secondary cartilaginous joint between the left and right superior rami of the pubis of the hip bones. It is in front of and below the urinary bladder. In males, the suspensory ligament of the penis attaches to the pubic symphysis. In females, the pubic symphysis is attached to the suspensory ligament of the clitoris. In most adults, it can be moved roughly 2 mm and with 1 degree rotation. This increases for women at the time of childbirth.

The name comes from the Greek word symphysis, meaning "growing together".
You're Better Off Dead!
"You're Better Off Dead!" is the first single from the album Hate Crew Deathroll by Children of Bodom. Released in 2002, the single track is the same recording but with a different mix from the album version. The B-side is a cover of "Somebody Put Something in My Drink" by Ramones with slightly altered lyrics. This cover appeared as the North America bonus track for Are You Dead Yet?, and also appeared as a Japanese bonus track for Hate Crew Deathroll.

The single spent two weeks as the best-seller in Finland and was awarded a gold disc.

Hate Crew Deathroll
Hate Crew Deathroll is the fourth studio album by Finnish melodic death metal band Children of Bodom, released in 2003 under the Century Media label. It is the final Children of Bodom album to be recorded with all five original members, as their original rhythm guitarist, Alexander Kuoppala, would leave the band in 2003. It was successful both in Europe and the USA, which is demonstrated by the appearance of the "Needled 24/7" music video on MTV2's Headbangers Ball. "Needled 24/7" also featured on the heavy metal documentary Metal: A Headbanger's Journey and the 2012 horror comedy video game Lollipop Chainsaw.

The track "Angels Don't Kill" was included on the soundtrack of the 2009 video game Brütal Legend and the track "Hate Crew Deathroll" was included in the 2007 skateboarding video game Skate.
Yonah Lewis
Yonah Lewis (born March 2, 1986) is a Canadian film director and screenwriter, who collaborates on most of his work with Calvin Thomas. The duo are most noted for their 2019 film White Lie, which was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Motion Picture, and garnered the duo nominations for Best Director and Best Original Screenplay, at the 8th Canadian Screen Awards.

The duo, both alumni of Sheridan College, released their debut feature film Amy George in 2011. They followed up with The Oxbow Cure in 2013, and Spice It Up in 2018, before releasing White Lie. In addition to their Canadian Screen Award nominations, the duo also won the Vancouver Film Critics Circle award for Best Screenplay for a Canadian Film in 2019.

Vancouver Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay for a Canadian Film
The Vancouver Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay for a Canadian Film is an annual award given by the Vancouver Film Critics Circle. The Best Screenplay for a Canadian Film Award was first awarded in 2015 for films released in 2014.
Autódromo Luis Rubén Di Palma
Autódromo Luis Rubén Di Palma is a 4.696 km (2.918 mi) motorsports circuit located in Mar de Ajó, Argentina. The circuit was inaugurated on 8 February 1998 with Turismo Carretera race, and it was named in honour of Luis Rubén Di Palma. The circuit has hosted mainly national championships. But it has also hosted some continental championship events, Formula 3 Sudamericana in 2001, and South American Super Touring Car Championship in 1998.

Formula 3 Sudamericana
Fórmula 3 Sudamericana was a South American Formula Three championship. It was inaugurated in 1987 and primarily held races in Brazil and Argentina, with a small number of events held in other countries across the continent. Its most notable graduates include former Formula One drivers Nelson Piquet Jr., Ricardo Zonta and Christian Fittipaldi, four-time Indianapolis 500 winner Hélio Castroneves, and Champ Car champion and former F1 driver Cristiano da Matta. The series was replaced for 2014 by the Brazilian Formula Three Championship, which focuses on Brazilian circuits and drivers.
Sheeri Rappaport
Sheeri Rappaport is an American actress. She is most famous for portraying lab technician Mandy Webster on CSI: Crime Scene Investigation.

Rappaport made her television debut with a guest role on Clarissa Explains It All. She portrayed the Amazon Otere on Xena: Warrior Princess, and also made guest appearances on 7th Heaven, The Drew Carey Show, The District and Strong Medicine. She also appeared in the films Claustrophobia, Seeing Other People, and The United States of Leland.

Apart from CSI, Rappaport also portrayed Officer Mary Franco in seasons 7 and 8 of NYPD Blue. Other roles include a manipulative Catholic schoolgirl in the 1996 teen horror film Little Witches, and as Lois Lane in the Blayne Weaver film, Losing Lois Lane.

The Drew Carey Show
The Drew Carey Show is an American television sitcom that aired on ABC from September 13, 1995, to September 8, 2004. Set in Cleveland, Ohio, the series revolved around the retail office and home life of "everyman" Drew Carey, a fictionalized version of the comedian.

The show was created by Carey, who had both stand-up comedy and writing experience, and television writer and producer Bruce Helford.

Produced by Mohawk Productions in association with Warner Bros. Television, it debuted on September 13, 1995, received positive reviews from critics and ranked among the Top 30 programs for four seasons before sliding in popularity. Ratings declined sharply during the final two seasons, and the last two episodes aired on September 8, 2004.
History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
The foundation of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (German: Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, SPD) can be traced back to the 1860s, and it has represented the centre-left in German politics for much of the 20th and 21st centuries. From 1891 to 1959, the SPD theoretically espoused Marxism.

The SPD has been the ruling party at several points, first under Friedrich Ebert in 1918. The party was outlawed in Nazi Germany but returned to government in 1969 with Willy Brandt. Meanwhile, the East German branch of the SPD was merged with the ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany. In the modern Federal Republic of Germany, the SPD's main rival is the CDU. As of May 2025 the SPD was in a coalition government with the CDU, with Friedrich Merz (CDU) as chancellor and Lars Klingbeil (SPD) as vice-chancellor.

Enabling Act of 1933
The Enabling Act of 1933 (German: Ermächtigungsgesetz, officially titled Gesetz zur Behebung der Not von Volk und Reich lit. 'Law to Remedy the Distress of People and Reich') was a law that gave the German Cabinet—most importantly, the chancellor, Adolf Hitler—the power to make and enforce laws without the involvement of the Reichstag or President Paul von Hindenburg. By allowing the chancellor to override the checks and balances in the constitution, the Enabling Act of 1933 was a pivotal step in the transition from the democratic Weimar Republic to the totalitarian dictatorship of Nazi Germany.
Zdechły Osa
Zdechły Osa (born Daniel Wójtowicz; 25 April 1997 in Wrocław) is a Polish singer and lyricist, creating spoken word performances in a style bordering on new age and several other music genres (rap, hardcore hip hop, trap, emo rap).

He is associated with Wrocław (the Gądów estate, called "the cosmonauts' estate" or "cosmos" by Wrocław residents, which often appears in his work). Critics link him with the poetics of Arthur Rimbaud, Rafał Wojaczek, and the works of the band Dezerter.

He received three nominations to Fryderyki.

Hardcore hip-hop
Hardcore hip-hop (also known as hardcore rap) is a subgenre of hip-hop that developed through the East Coast hip-hop scene in the 1980s. Pioneered by such artists as Run-DMC, Schoolly D, Boogie Down Productions and Public Enemy, it is generally characterized by anger, aggression and confrontation.