hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maraanaz
Maraanaz (Arabic: مرعناز, romanized: Mir'anāz) is a village near Azaz in northwestern Aleppo Governorate of northern Syria.

Administratively part of Nahiya Azaz, Maaranaz had a population of 959 in the 2004 census. Nearby localities include Azaz to the northeast, Menagh to the southeast, and Maryamin to the west.

Maraanaz is located by the Baghdad Railway connecting Aleppo with the Turkish city of Adana, and by the strategic highway 214 to Gaziantep.

As of 1 February 2025, the village was uninhabited.

Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab, [muˈħaːfaðˤat ˈħalab]; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Helebê) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of the total population of Syria. The governorate is the fifth in area with an area of 18,482 km2 (7,136 sq mi), or 18,498 square kilometres (7,142 sq mi)2, about 10% of the total area of Syria. The capital is the city of Aleppo.
Robert Schlögl
Robert Schlögl (born 23 February 1954 in Munich) is a German chemist known for research in catalysis. Currently, he is the Director and Scientific Member of the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society in Berlin and the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion in Mülheim an der Ruhr. He became president of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in 2023.

Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (German: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung) is a foundation that promotes international academic cooperation between scientists and scholars from Germany and abroad. Established by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany, it is funded by the Federal Foreign Office, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, and other national and international partners.
Boundary Bay Wildlife Management Area
Boundary Bay Wildlife Management Area is a wildlife management area encompassing the entire Canadian portion of Boundary Bay in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia. It was established by the British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development (FLNRORD) on 21 June 1995 to conserve critical habitat for migratory bird species and resident fish and marine mammal species. It is part of the larger Fraser River Delta Ramsar Site.

Lower Mainland
The Lower Mainland is a geographic and cultural region of the mainland coast of the Canadian province of British Columbia that generally comprises the regional districts of Metro Vancouver and the Fraser Valley. Home to approximately 3.05 million people as of the 2021 Canadian census, the Lower Mainland contains sixteen of the province's 30 most populous municipalities and approximately 60% of the province's total population.

The region was historically occupied by the Sto:lo, a Halkomelem-speaking people of the Coast Salish linguistic and cultural grouping.
Rough and Ready (1918 film)
Rough and Ready is a 1918 American silent Western film directed by Richard Stanton and produced and distributed by the Fox Film Corporation. It stars stage actor and western hero William Farnum. The picture was filmed in the Adirondack Mountains in western New York state. It is a lost film.

Fox Film
The Fox Film Corporation (also known as Fox Studios) was an American independent company that produced motion pictures and was formed in 1915 by the theater "chain" pioneer William Fox. It was the corporate successor to his earlier Greater New York Film Rental Company and Box Office Attraction Company (founded 1913).

The company's first film studios were set up in Fort Lee, New Jersey, but in 1917, William Fox sent Sol M. Wurtzel to Hollywood, California, to oversee the studio's new West Coast production facilities, where the climate was more hospitable for filmmaking. On July 23, 1926, Fox Studios bought the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.

After the Wall Street crash of 1929, William Fox lost control of the company in 1930, during a hostile takeover. Under new president Sidney R. Kent, the new owners merged the company with Twentieth Century Pictures to form Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation (later 20th Century Studios) in 1935.
Retailing in South Korea
Retailing in South Korea consists of hypermarkets, department stores, flea markets, traditional markets, and underground shopping malls. Hypermarkets sell dry goods and groceries, similar to Western supercentres. Traditional markets are also popular throughout South Korea.

Lotte Mart
Lotte Mart (Korean: 롯데마트) is a South Korean hypermarket that sells a variety of groceries, clothing, toys, electronics, and other goods, with headquarters in South Korea. Lotte Mart is a division of the Lotte Co., Ltd. which sells food and shopping services in South Korea and Japan. Lotte Mart, part of the Korean conglomerate "Lotte", opened its first branch at Guui-dong, GangByeon, Seoul, Korea on April 1, 1998. In 2006, Lotte Mart opened its first overseas branch. As of August 8, 2011, Lotte Mart had 199 branches (92 branches in Korea, 82 branches in China, 23 branches in Indonesia, and 13 branches in Vietnam). Store brands include Herbon, Wiselect, Withone, Basicicon, Tasse Tasse, and Gerard Darel.
2014 New Mexico Bowl
The 2014 New Mexico Bowl was a college football bowl game that was played on December 20, 2014 at University Stadium in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The ninth annual New Mexico Bowl, it pitted the Utah State Aggies of the Mountain West Conference against the UTEP Miners of Conference USA. It was one of the 2014–15 bowl games that concluded the 2014 FBS football season. The game started at 12:20 p.m. MST and aired on ESPN.  Sponsored by clothing company Gildan Activewear, the game was officially known as the Gildan New Mexico Bowl.  Utah State beat UTEP by a score of 21–6.

University Stadium (Albuquerque)
University Stadium (officially Dreamstyle Stadium from 2017 to 2020) is an outdoor football stadium in the western United States, located on the south campus of the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque, New Mexico.  It is the home field of New Mexico Lobos football, which competes as a member of the Mountain West Conference.

The stadium opened 65 years ago in September 1960, and currently has a seating capacity of 39,224. Its FieldTurf playing surface, named "Turner & Margaret Branch Field", has a traditional north-south alignment and sits nearly a mile above sea level, at an elevation of 5,100 feet (1,555 m). University Stadium is the fourth highest stadium in FBS college football, behind fellow Mountain West Conference members Wyoming and Air Force, and Colorado of the Big 12 Conference.
Industrial heritage of Barbados
The industrial heritage of Barbados, an island nation in the Caribbean, is exemplified by a number of specific structures still standing.

Notable historical industrial buildings of Barbados include:

Codrington College - A college that was first used as a sugar plantation.  Built around ancient Amerindian archaeological sites, including burials.

Morgan Lewis Windmill

St Nicholas Abbey - One of only three extant Jacobean-style structures in the Western Hemisphere.  Drax Hall Estate, another of the three examples, is also located in Barbados.

Newton Slave Burial Ground - The remains of nearly 600 slaves were found on the grounds of the former Newton Plantation, in use from 1670–1833, at a cemetery consisting of low mounds.

Western Hemisphere
The Western Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth that lies west of the Prime Meridian and east of the 180th meridian. The other half is called the Eastern Hemisphere. In the United States, the term "Western Hemisphere" is often used as a metonym for the Americas, even though geographically, the hemisphere also includes parts of other continents.
Đặng Sỹ
Major Matthew Đặng Sỹ (29 July 1929 – 11 November 2006) was an officer in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. He acquired a degree of infamy for ordering his soldiers to open fire on a crowd of Buddhists demonstrating against a ban on the Buddhist flag, leading to the Huế Vesak shootings in which nine people died. This sparked the Buddhist crisis and downfall of Ngô Đình Diệm.

Buddhist crisis
The Buddhist crisis (Vietnamese: Biến cố Phật giáo) was a period of political and religious tension in South Vietnam between May and November 1963, characterized by a series of repressive acts by the South Vietnamese government and a campaign of civil resistance, led mainly by Buddhist monks.

The crisis was precipitated by the shootings of nine unarmed civilians on May 8 in the central city of Huế who were protesting against a ban of the Buddhist flag. The crisis ended with a coup in November 1963 by the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), and the arrest and assassination of President Ngô Đình Diệm on November 2, 1963.
Hydroxylamine dehydrogenase
Hydroxylamine dehydrogenase (EC 1.7.2.6, HAO (ambiguous)) is an enzyme with systematic name hydroxylamine:ferricytochrome-c oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(1) hydroxylamine + H2O + 2 ferricytochrome c  nitrite + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 5 H+

(2) hydroxylamine + ferricytochrome c  nitric oxide + ferrocytochrome c + 3 H+

The enzymes from the nitrifying bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea and the methylotrophic bacterium Methylococcus capsulatus are hemoproteins.

Methylococcus capsulatus
Methylococcus capsulatus is an obligately methanotrophic gram-negative, non-motile coccoid bacterium. M. capsulatus are thermotolerant; their cells are encapsulated and tend to have a diplococcoid shape. The cell wall is composed of three layers: outer membrane, peptidoglycan layer, and inner membrane. There are extensive intracytoplasmic membranes that are believed to be formed by invaginations of the inner cell membrane. More of these intracytoplasmic membranes are produced when M. capsulatus is grown at a high copper-to-biomass ratio. In addition to methane, M. capsulatus is able to oxidize some organic hydrogen-containing compounds such as methanol.
It has been used commercially to produce animal feed from natural gas.
Hamma Hamma River bridges
The Hamma Hamma River Bridges are two bridges that span the north and south forks of the Hamma Hamma River respectively. They were built as part of the Olympic Loop Highway, which is now U.S. Highway 101. Both bridges can be found on the National Register of Historic Places or National Register of Historic Places listings in Mason County, Washington.

Washington State Department of Transportation
The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT or WashDOT, both /ˈwɒʃdɒt/) is a governmental agency that constructs, maintains, and regulates the use of transportation infrastructure in the U.S. state of Washington. Established in 1905, it is led by a secretary and overseen by the governor. WSDOT is responsible for more than 20,000 lane-miles of roadway, nearly 3,000 vehicular bridges and 524 other structures. This infrastructure includes rail lines, state highways, state ferries (considered part of the highway system) and state airports.
Epigenetic valley
In geology and geomorphology, a valley created by erosion and with little or no sympathy for bedrock structure is labelled an epigenetic valley. Epigenetic valleys are inherited landforms. Arthur Holmes lists the radial valleys of the Lake District in England as examples of epigenetic valleys.

Drainage system (geomorphology)
In geomorphology, drainage systems, also known as river systems, are the patterns formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. They are governed by the topography of land, whether a particular region is dominated by hard or soft rocks, and the gradient of the land. Geomorphologists and hydrologists often view streams as part of drainage basins (and sub-basins). This is the topographic region from which a stream receives runoff, throughflow, and its saturated equivalent, groundwater flow. The number, size, and shape of the drainage basins varies and the larger and more detailed the topographic map, the more information is available.
Flat rate (finance)
In accounting and finance, flat interest rate mortgages and loans calculate interest based on the amount of money a borrower receives at the beginning of the loan.  However, if repayment is scheduled to occur at regular intervals throughout the term, the average amount to which the borrower has access is lower and so the effective or true rate of interest is higher.  Only if the principal is available in full throughout the loan term does the flat rate equate to the true rate.  This is the case in the example to the right, where the loan contract is for 400,000 Cambodian riels over 4 months.  Interest is set at 16,000 riels (4%) a month while principal is due in a single payment at the end.

Repayment plan
In finance, a repayment plan is a structured repaying of funds that have been loaned to an individual, business or government over either a standard or extended period of time, typically alongside a payment of interest. Repayment plans are prominent within the financial industry of a national economy where liquid funds are in high demand to assist in investment opportunities, governmental expenditure or personal finance. The term first saw prominence with its use by the International Monetary Fund to describe its form of financial loan repayment from individual nations.  Typically, the term "repayment plan" refers to the system of Federal Student Aid in the United States of America, which assists in covering tertiary education expenses of domestic students.
Rodrique Wright
Rodrique Charles "Rod" Wright (born July 31, 1984) is an American professional football coach and former player who is the defensive line coach for the Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL). He played for five seasons as a defensive end in the NFL and Canadian Football League (CFL).  Wright played college football for the Texas Longhorns, earning consensus All-American honors in 2005 and a National Championship.  The Miami Dolphins chose him in the seventh round of the 2006 NFL draft, and he also played for the CFL's Saskatchewan Roughriders.

Lombardi Award
The Rotary Lombardi Award is an award for college football in the United States. Awarded by the Rotary Club of Houston, Texas annually to the college football player "who best embodies the values and spirit of NFL's legendary coach Vince Lombardi" the Rotary Lombardi Award program was created in 1970 shortly after the death of Lombardi. The committee outlined the original criteria for eligibility for the award, which remained in place until this day:
Sarah Martin (musician)
Sarah Martin (born 12 February 1974) is the violin player and one of the primary vocalists in the Scottish indie pop band Belle and Sebastian. Besides violin, Martin plays recorder, stylophone, melodica, guitar and flute. She joined the band right before the recording of If You're Feeling Sinister (1996). She was born in Blackburn, England.

Girls in Peacetime Want to Dance
Girls in Peacetime Want to Dance is the ninth studio album by Scottish indie pop band Belle and Sebastian, released on 19 January 2015. It was the first album by the group to be distributed by Matador Records worldwide. The album was recorded in Atlanta, Georgia, in 2014, and marked the first time the band worked with producer Ben H. Allen III. "The Party Line" was announced as the first single from the album on 29 October 2014, with its first airplay on BBC 6 Music.

The album reached number nine on the UK Albums Chart and number 28 on the US Billboard 200.
Koca Katran (Mersin)
Koca Katran (literally "big cedar") is a monumental old prickly cedar (Juniperus oxycedrus) in Mersin Province, southern Turkey. It is a registered natural monument of the country.

The tree is in Dümbelek Pass of Cocokdere Valley in Toros Mountains at an elevation of 1,875 m (6,152 ft). Nearest settlements are Arslanköy town and Tırtar village of Toroslar district in Mersin Province. Its distance to Mersin city center is about 60 km (37 mi). Entrance to the valley, where the tree is situated, is barred, and access is subject to permission from the forestry authority.

The tree is 40 m (130 ft) high and the circumference of its trunk is 7.50 m (24.6 ft) at 2.45 m (8.0 ft) diameter. The nameplate at site states the age of the cedar as 625 years old.

The old tree was registered a natural monument on September 27, 1994.

Natural monument
A natural monument is a natural or cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. They can be natural geological and geographical features such as waterfalls, cliffs, craters, fossil, sand dunes, rock forms, valleys and coral reefs. Locations important to faith groups may be considered natural monuments. Archeological and historical sites linked to the natural environment are also included, such as cave art. This is especially true when relevant to the land of Indigenous Peoples.
Pleurotus opuntiae
Pleurotus opuntiae is a species of Agaricales fungus that grows in the semi-arid climate of central Mexico and in New Zealand, whose mushroom is edible and considered a delicacy in the cuisine of indigenous peoples of Mexico. It is known as hongo de maguey común in Mexican Spanish, seta de chumbera/nopal in Peninsular Spanish, and kjoo'wada in Otomi language. Phylogenetic research has shown that while it belongs to the Pleurotus djamor-cornucopiae clade, it forms its own intersterility group, but it has also been claimed to be genetically inter-incompatible with Pleurotus australis, Pleurotus ostreatus (extra-limital), Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus purpureo-olivaceus of New Zealand.

Mexican Spanish
Mexican Spanish (Spanish: español mexicano) is the variety of dialects and sociolects of the Spanish language spoken in Mexico and its bordering regions. Mexico has the world's largest number of Spanish speakers, more than double any other country. Spanish is spoken by over 99% of the population, being the mother tongue of 93.8%, and the second language of 5.4%.
Prandini
Prandini is an Italian surname. Notable people with this name include:

Giovanni Prandini (1940–2018), Italian politician

Jenna Prandini (born 1992), American track and field athlete

Maria Prandini (born 1969), Italian electrical engineer

Maria Prandini
Maria Prandini (born 8 September 1969) is an Italian electrical engineer whose research topics have included control theory, pursuit–evasion, and air traffic control. She is a professor at the Polytechnic University of Milan.
Pegeen (film)
Pegeen is a 1920 American silent drama film based on the 1915 novel of the same name by Eleanor Hoyt Brainerd. It was produced by Vitagraph Studios and directed by David Smith. It stars Bessie Love in the title role.

David Smith (director)
David Smith (28 October 1872 – 25 April 1930) was an English film director and cinematographer of the silent era. He directed more than 70 films between 1915 and 1927. He was born in Faversham, Kent, and died in Santa Barbara, California. He was the older brother of Albert E. Smith, one of the co-founders of the Vitagraph Studios.
Ismael García
Ismael García (born in 1954) is a Venezuelan politician. He was the leader of PODEMOS, a socialist party which won the second most seats in the National Assembly of Venezuela in the 2005 election.

Although the party formerly supported the program of President Hugo Chávez, it broke decisively with the ruling party over the 2007 constitutional referendum, and García was then heavily  criticized by Chávez. In 2012, following a decision by the Supreme Tribunal of Justice that handed over the party's leadership to Didalco Bolívar, Garcia left PODEMOS and founded Progressive Advance with Henri Falcón. However, in 2014, Garcia left that party to become a member of Primero Justicia.

Justice First
Justice First (Spanish: Primero Justicia) is a centre-right political party in Venezuela. Founded in 1992 as a civil association, it became a political party in 2000. Henrique Capriles was the candidate of the party in the 2013 Venezuelan presidential election.
Ultragotha
Ultragotha (or Ultrogothe, c. 496 – after 566/567) was a Frankish queen of the Merovingian dynasty via her marriage to Childebert I, reigning from c. 541 to 558. They had two daughters, possibly named Chrodoberge and Chrodesinde.

When Childebert died in 558, his brother Clotaire I seized his kingdom and took control of the Palais de la Cité in Paris, where the royal treasures and the family of the deceased were. According to Gregory of Tours, he then condemned Ultragotha and the two daughters to prison. Upon reuniting the kingdom of Clovis, Clotaire I freed them; the daughters likely became nuns. She died in around 567 and was buried in the St-Germain-des-Prés along with Childebert. The two daughters are also buried there.

In 580, again according to Gregory of Tours, Ultragotha's former Chancellor, Ursicinus, was chosen by Maurilio, bishop of Cahors, as his successor.

Diocese of Cahors
The Diocese of Cahors (Latin: Dioecesis Cadurcensis; French: Diocèse de Cahors) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The diocese comprises the whole of the department of Lot.

In the beginning it was a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Bourges, and later, from 1676 to the time of the French Revolution, it was a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Albi. From 1802 to 1822 Cahors was under the Archbishop of Toulouse, and combined the former Diocese of Rodez with a great part of the former Diocese of Vabres and the Diocese of Montauban. However, in 1822 it was restored almost to its pristine limits and again made suffragan to Albi.

In the Diocese of Cahors in 2023 there was one priest for every 3,407 Catholics.
Chepino Saddle
Chepino Saddle (Bulgarian: Чепинска седловина, ‘Chepinska Sedlovina’ \'che-pin-ska se-dlo-vi-'na\) is the saddle of elevation 2526 m in north-central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica, linking Probuda Ridge to the southwest to Bangey Heights to the northeast.  It is part of the glacial divide between Embree Glacier to the north and Ellen Glacier to the south.

The saddle is named after the settlement of Chepino in Western Bulgaria and the homonymous Chepino Valley in Southern Bulgaria.

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.
Siobhan Fahey
Siobhan Maire Deirdre Fahey (/ʃəˈvɔːn ˈfɑːhi/; born 10 September 1958) is an Irish singer whose vocal range is a light contralto. She was a founding member of the British girl group Bananarama, who have had ten top-10 hits including the US number one hit single "Venus". She later formed the musical act Shakespears Sister, who had a UK number one hit with the 1992 single "Stay". Fahey joined the other original members of Bananarama for a 2017 UK tour, and, in 2018, a North America and Europe tour.

She is the first Irish-born woman to have written two number one singles on the Irish charts.

Contralto
A contralto (Italian pronunciation: [konˈtralto]) is a classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest of their voice types.

The contralto voice type is fairly rare. A contralto's range is similar to that of a mezzo-soprano, and almost identical to that of a countertenor – typically from the F below middle C (F3 in scientific pitch notation) to the second F above middle C (F5), although, at the extremes, some voices can reach the D below middle C (D3) or the second B♭ above middle C (B♭5). The contralto voice type includes coloratura, lyric, and dramatic contraltos.