hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Asset-backed commercial paper program
An asset-backed commercial paper program (ABCP program, ABCP conduit, or simply conduit) is a type of non-bank financial entity that issues short-term debt, known as asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP), to fund medium- to long-term assets. These programs act like banks by providing liquidity and transforming maturities—borrowing short-term to finance longer-term investments—but operate outside traditional banking regulation. This structure makes them part of the shadow banking system, which involves financial activities beyond the oversight of standard banking rules.

Often set up by banks, ABCP programs typically manage bank assets off-balance-sheet, possibly to bypass regulatory capital requirements, a practice that tied them to the 2008 financial crisis.

In terminology, "ABCP" refers to the commercial paper itself, with maturities ranging up to 270 days and averaging around 30 days, while "conduit" means the issuing program.

Bond credit rating
In investment, the bond credit rating represents the creditworthiness of corporate or government bonds. The ratings are published by credit rating agencies and used by investment professionals to assess the likelihood the debt will be repaid.
Sébastien Cazenove
Sébastien Cazenove (born 28 December 1976) is a French politician of La République En Marche! (LREM) who served as member of the French National Assembly from 2017 to 2022 French, representing Pyrénées-Orientales's 4th constituency.

Pyrénées-Orientales's 4th constituency
The 4th constituency of the Pyrénées-Orientales (French: Quatrième circonscription des Pyrénées-Orientales) is a French legislative constituency in the Pyrénées-Orientales département. Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using the two-round system, with a run-off if no candidate receives over 50% of the vote in the first round.
Majeed Bhat Laram
Abdul Majeed Bhat Laram, (born 10 March 1967) also known as Majeed Larmi  is an Indian politician and businessman from the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. He is a Member of Legislative Assembly from the Anantnag West Assembly constituency in Anantnag district. Previously, he was an MLA from  Hom Shali Bugh Assembly constituency of Kulgam district.

Anantnag district
Anantnag district is an administrative district of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It is one of ten districts which make up the Kashmir Valley. The district headquarters is Anantnag city. As of 2011, it was the third most populous district of Jammu and Kashmir (out of 22), after Jammu and Srinagar.
Jiří Kochta
Jiří Kochta (11 October 1946 – 3 April 2025) was a Czech professional ice hockey player who played in the Czechoslovak Extraliga. He played for HC Jihlava and HC Sparta Praha. He won a silver medal at the 1968 Winter Olympics and a bronze medal at the 1972 Winter Olympics.

Kochta died on 3 April 2025, at the age of 78.

HC Sparta Praha
Hockey Club Sparta Praha, commonly known as  HC Sparta Prague, is a Prague-based Czech professional ice hockey team playing in the Czech Extraliga. The club has won four Czech championships (most recently in 2007) and four Czechoslovak championships, as well as two Spengler Cups, making it one of the most successful hockey clubs in Czech history. The team HC Sparta Praha plays its home games at O2 Arena, the largest arena in the country.

Founded in 1903, Sparta is one of the oldest hockey teams in the world.
Billy McMahon (athlete)
William Francis McMahon (January 3, 1910 – February 26, 1991) was an American long-distance runner. He won the national marathon championship in 1936 and qualified for the Olympic marathon in Berlin, where he failed to finish.: 82

USA Marathon Championships
The USA Marathon Championships is the annual national championships for marathon running in the United States. The race serves as a way of designating the American national champion for the marathon. The men's race was first contested in 1925 and a women's race was added to the program in 1974.

Since 1968, in years which the Summer Olympics are held the event serves as a way of selecting the athletes who will represent the United States at the Olympic Games, with the top three eligible finishers selected to be on the Olympic team and the fourth and fifth eligible finishers being designated as alternates. During these years, the race is more commonly referred to as the United States Olympic trials and it is much more competitive.
Dimethylglycine oxidase
Dimethylglycine oxidase (EC 1.5.3.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The three substrates of this enzyme are dimethylglycine, water and oxygen. Its products are sarcosine, hydrogen peroxide, and formaldehyde. The enzyme does not further demethylate the product sarcosine to glycine. Enzymes such as sarcosine oxidase are known which can do that conversion.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH group of donors with oxygen as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is N,N-dimethylglycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (demethylating). It employs one cofactor, FAD.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Carriedo Fountain
Carriedo Fountain (Spanish: Fuente Carriedo) is a fountain in Santa Cruz, Manila, Philippines. It was built in honour of the 18th-century Capitán General of Manila, Don Francisco Peredo Carriedo, benefactor of Manila's pipe water system. It was moved three times before its current location at Plaza Santa Cruz in front of the Santa Cruz Church.

Santa Cruz, Manila
Santa Cruz is a district in the northern part of the City of Manila, Philippines, located on the right bank of the Pasig River near its mouth. It is bordered by the districts of Tondo, Binondo, Quiapo, and Sampaloc, as well as the areas of Grace Park and Barrio San José in Caloocan, and the district of La Loma in Quezon City. The district belongs to the 3rd congressional district of Manila.
HMS Cuckoo (1806)
HMS Cuckoo was a Royal Navy Cuckoo-class schooner of four 12-pounder carronades and a crew of 20. She was built by James Lovewell at Great Yarmouth and launched in 1806. Like many of her class and the related Ballahoo-class schooners, she succumbed to the perils of the sea relatively early in her career.

Ballahoo-class schooner
The Ballahoo class (also known as the Fish class) was a Royal Navy class of eighteen 4-gun schooners built under contract in Bermuda during the Napoleonic War. The class was an attempt by the Admiralty to harness the expertise of Bermudian shipbuilders who were renowned for their fast-sailing craft (particularly the Bermuda sloops). The Admiralty ordered twelve vessels on 23 June 1804, and a further six on 11 December 1805.
Grays Harbor Historical Seaport Authority
46°58′19″N 123°47′53″W﻿ / ﻿46.972°N 123.798°W﻿ / 46.972; -123.798
Grays Harbor Historical Seaport Authority,  also known as Grays Harbor Historical Seaport is a government authority created in 1986 by the city of Aberdeen, Washington, as a 501(c)(3) corporation. It was created to commemorate Washington's centennial of statehood. Operations began in 1987 with the purpose of building and operating a full-scale reproduction of the 18th-century brig Lady Washington. Additional goals were to build and operate a maritime museum to promote tourism and economic development in the Grays Harbor area, and to provide educational programs for schools and communities.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
Twarda
Twarda [ˈtfarda] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tomaszów Mazowiecki, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 54 km (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Tomaszów County, Łódź Voivodeship
Tomaszów County (Polish: powiat tomaszowski) is a county in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Tomaszów Mazowiecki, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 1,025.7 square kilometres (396.0 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 120,973, out of which the population of Tomaszów Mazowiecki is 66,705 and the rural population is 54,268.
USS Fitzgerald and MV ACX Crystal collision
Early on 17 June 2017, the United States Navy destroyer USS Fitzgerald collided with MV ACX Crystal, a Philippine-flagged container ship, about 80 nautical miles (150 kilometres; 92 miles) southwest of Tokyo, Japan; 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) southeast of the city of Shimoda on the Japanese mainland (Honshu).

The accident killed seven Fitzgerald sailors. Their bodies were recovered from the flooded berthing compartments of the ship. At least three more of the crew of nearly 300 were injured, including the ship's commanding officer, Commander Bryce Benson. The top two senior officers and the top enlisted sailor were relieved of duty and faced criminal charges, which were later dismissed; about a dozen other sailors received non-judicial punishment. The owners of the merchant vessel agreed to pay $27 million in compensation to the US Navy.

Shimoda, Shizuoka
Shimoda (下田市, Shimoda-shi) is a city and port located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 19,670 in 10,436 households, and a population density of 188 persons per square kilometre (490 persons/mi2). The total area of the city is 104.71 square kilometres (40.43 sq mi). In the 1850s, Japan was in political crisis over its increasing inability to maintain its national seclusion policy and the issue of what relations, if any, it should have with foreign powers. For a few years, Shimoda was central to this debate.
Aakasmika
Aakasmika (transl. Unexpected) is a 1993 Indian Kannada language action thriller film directed by T. S. Nagabharana. The film stars Rajkumar, Geetha and Madhavi. The film was based on Ta Ra Su's trilogy Aakasmika – Aparadhi – Parinama  thereby becoming the second Kannada movie to be based on three novels, the first being 1973 movie Naagarahaavu which incidentally was based on three novels of the same writer.

The movie was produced by S. A. Govindaraju and has music and lyrics written by Hamsalekha. The film opened to packed houses across Karnataka for many months and won many awards and critical acclaim. The film was highly successful at the box office. The movie saw a theatrical run of 25 weeks. At the age of 64, Rajkumar won his 8th Filmfare Award in Best Actor Category. The song Huttidare is still considered one among the top Kannada songs.

T. S. Nagabharana
Talakadu Srinivasaiah Nagabharana (born 23 January 1953), commonly known as T. S. Nagabharana, is an Indian film director, in the Kannada film industry and a pioneer of parallel cinema. He is one of the few film directors to have straddled the mainstream and parallel cinema worlds.
Godapiasal railway station
Godapiasal railway station is a railway station on Kharagpur–Bankura–Adra line in Adra railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside National Highway 60 at Godapiasal of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

South Eastern Railway zone
The South Eastern Railway (abbreviated SER) is one of the 19 railway zones in India. It is headquartered at Garden Reach, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It comprises Adra railway division, Chakradharpur railway division, Kharagpur railway division and Ranchi railway division.
Arturo DeFreites
Arturo Marcelino DeFreites Simon (born April 26, 1953) is a Dominican former professional baseball first baseman. He played parts of two seasons in Major League Baseball, 1978 and 1979, for the Cincinnati Reds.

Following his major league career, DeFreites played in the Mexican League from 1980 until 1986. He was also a minor league baseball manager for the Gulf Coast League Expos in 2004 and the Dorados de Chihuahua in 2009.

Florida Complex League Nationals
The Florida Complex League Nationals are a Rookie-level affiliate of the Washington Nationals, competing in the Florida Complex League of Minor League Baseball. Prior to the 2021 season, the team was known as the Gulf Coast League Nationals. The team plays its home games in West Palm Beach, Florida, at The Ballpark of the Palm Beaches. The team previously played at Space Coast Stadium from their inaugural 2005 season through the end of the 2016 season. The team is composed mainly of players who are in their first year of professional baseball either as draftees or non-drafted free agents.
Sutar
Sutar is a village in Achham District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, the village had a population of 2697 living in 473 houses. At the time of the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 3026, of which 24% was literate.

Seti Zone
Seti (Nepali: सेती अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones located in the Far-Western Development Region of Nepal. Dhangadhi in the Terai is the major city of Seti Zone; headquarters are in Dipayal-Silgadhi. As of 2015, Nepal discontinued zone designations in favor of provinces; the area previously known as Seti Zone is now part of Sudurpashchim Province.
New pragmatism
New pragmatism (Polish: nowy pragmatyzm) is an original paradigmatic and heterodox theory of economics created by Grzegorz W. Kolodko to address the contemporary civilizational challenges and economic system transformations. It is based on the imperative for a harmonious triply sustainable social and economic growth.

New pragmatism, by creating a new, multidisciplinary epistemological perspective for analyzing economic phenomena and by providing new, enriched cognitive and analytic methods and tools stands for abandoning the economic orthodoxy in favor of what works, and what may be a useful basis for solving actual social and economic problems. Cognitive and methodological eclecticism is inherent in this approach.

Economic policy
The economy of governments covers the systems for setting levels of taxation, government budgets, the money supply and interest rates as well as the labour market, national ownership, and many other areas of government interventions into the economy.

Most factors of economic policy can be divided into either fiscal policy, which deals with government actions regarding taxation and spending, or monetary policy, which deals with central banking actions regarding the money supply and interest rates.

Such policies are often influenced by international institutions like the International Monetary Fund or World Bank as well as political beliefs and the consequent policies of parties.
Kandalaksha Coast
66°46′41″N 33°23′43″E﻿ / ﻿66.77806°N 33.39528°E﻿ / 66.77806; 33.39528

The Kandalaksha Coast (Russian: Кандалакшский берег) is a coastal area in Murmansk Oblast in northwest Russia. It is located on the northern side of the White Sea, between Kandalaksha and mouth of Varzuga River. The major rivers flowing to the sea at the coast are the Umba and the Niva.

Administratively, the Kandalaksha Coast is shared between Kandalakshsky and Tersky Districts of Murmansk Oblast.

The cities and villages of Kandalaksha, Luvenga, Kolvitsa, Umba, Olenitsa, Kashkarantsy are all located at the Kandalaksha Coast. The coast was populated not later than 13th century by the Pomors.

Kandalaksha Coast (excluding Kandalakshsky District) is included into border security zone, intended to protect the borders of Russian Federation from unwanted activity. In order to visit the zone, a permit issued by the local FSB department is required.

Luvenga
Luvenga (Russian: Лувеньга, Karelian: Luivinka) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kandalakshsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located beyond the Arctic Circle at a height of 30 meters (98 ft) above sea level. Population: 575 (2010 Census). Dysaphis karyakini was first found in this region.

Luvenga is located at the mouth of the eponymous river Luvenga. Its source is located in the Yolki-Tundry hills about 300 meters (980 ft) above sea level and it ultimately discharges into the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea. The river's name is of Kildin Sámi origin, being derived from a word meaning 'to shake; to rock'. A temporary fishing settlement has existed at the mouth of the Luvenga since the 16th century.

In 1926, the village had 23 inhabitants, of whom all but one were ethnic Karelians. Udmurts began moving into the village sometime before World War II, and during the 1970s and 1980s, Luvenga was seen as an Udmurt village.
Khasaura
Khasaura is a large village in Harpalpur block of Hardoi district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It lies on the left bank of the Ramganga river, to the north of the road connecting Hardoi and Sandi with Farrukhabad. The village hosts a large market twice per week, on Wednesdays and Sundays. It deals mainly in vegetables.

As of 2011, the population of Khasaura is 7,260, in 1,215 households. The village lands cover an area of 614.7 hectares.

Sandi, Uttar Pradesh
Sandi is a town and a nagar palika parishad in Bilgram tehsil of Hardoi district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on the left bank of the Garra river, on the road from Hardoi to Fatehgarh. As of 2011, its population is 26,007, in 4,396 households.
Joe Juneau (prospector)
Joseph Juneau (French: [ʒozɛf ʒyno]; May 28, 1836 – March 1, 1899) was a French Canadian miner and prospector known for co-founding, with Richard Harris, the city of Juneau, Alaska, United States. The city has been the political capital of Alaska since 1900.

Prospecting
Prospecting is the first stage of the geological analysis (followed by exploration) of a territory. It is the search for minerals, fossils, precious metals, or mineral specimens. It is also known as fossicking.

Traditionally prospecting relied on direct observation of mineralization in rock outcrops or in sediments. Modern prospecting also includes the use of geologic, geophysical, and geochemical tools to search for anomalies which can narrow the search area. Once an anomaly has been identified and interpreted to be a potential prospect direct observation can then be focused on this area.

In some areas a prospector must also stake a claim, meaning they must erect posts with the appropriate placards on all four corners of a desired land they wish to prospect and register this claim before they may take samples. In other areas publicly held lands are open to prospecting without staking a mining claim.
Rex Sellers
Rex Samuel Sellers MNZM (born 11 November 1950) is a yachtman from New Zealand. He won a gold medal in the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, and a silver medal in the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, both in the Tornado class with Chris Timms. He also competed in the Tornado class with Brian Jones at the 1992 and 1996 Olympics, where they finished fourth and 15th respectively. Sellers and Gerald Sly were selected to sail in the Tornado class for New Zealand at the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow, but did not compete because of the US-led boycott.

Sellers attended Nelson College from 1965 to 1967. He was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the 2010 New Year Honours, for services to yachting.

Sellers had a daughter, Justina Kitchen, in 1989. She is an exponent in Formula Kite and represented New Zealand in that class at the 2024 Olympics.

Formula Kite
Formula Kite is the kitesurfing class chosen by World Sailing for the 2024 Summer Olympics. The class features a foil kite and a board with a hydrofoil. The equipment is not one-design, but instead competitors use their choice of approved production equipment. The International Kiteboarding Association (IKA) manages the class. The class is for men and women.
Charnley–Norwood House
The Charnley–Norwood House is a summer (winter) cottage designed by architects Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright in 1890 in Ocean Springs, Mississippi on the Mississippi Gulf Coast. The home was built as a vacation residence for James Charnley, a wealthy Chicago lumber baron, and its style represents an important change in American residential architecture known as Prairie School.

Mississippi Gulf Coast
The Mississippi Gulf Coast, also known as Mississippi Coast, Mississippi Gulf Coast region, Coastal Mississippi, and The Coast, is the area of Mississippi along the Mississippi Sound at the northern extreme of the Gulf of Mexico.
Leoš Mareš
Leoš Mareš (born 27 April 1976) is a Czech television and radio presenter and singer. He has hosted a number of singer search television programmes, including Česko hledá SuperStar, X Factor and Hlas Česko Slovenska. He joined Česko Slovensko má talent as a judge in 2013. He is one of the highest-paid television presenters in the Czech Republic. A 2014 Forbes report listed Mareš as one of the 50 most influential people in Czech media.

X Factor Česko a Slovensko
X Factor Česko a Slovensko is a Czech and Slovak reality television music competition created by Simon Cowell and produced by FremantleMedia, on TV Prima and TV JOJ. As part of The X Factor franchise, the series finds new singing talent, including solo artists and groups ages 12 and over, drawn from public auditions, and they compete against each other for votes. The winner is determined by Short Message Service voting of the show's audience and is awarded a recording contract worth €200.000.

The original judging consisted of Celeste Buckingham, Ondřej Brzobohatý, Sisa Sklovská and Oto Klempíř and Martin "Pyco" Rausch as hosts.