hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ISO 3166-2:SS
ISO 3166-2:SS is the entry for South Sudan in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for South Sudan, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for ten states.

Each code consists of two parts separated by a hyphen. The first part is SS, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of South Sudan. The second part is two letters.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
North Longzhou Road station
North Longzhou Road (simplified Chinese: 龙舟北路; traditional Chinese: 龍舟北路) is a metro station of Line 3 of the Hangzhou Metro in China. It is located in Yuhang District of Hangzhou. The station was opened on 22 Sep 2022.

Yuhang, Hangzhou
Yuhang is a suburban district of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

On April 9, 2021, Linping District was established, consisting of the former Yuhang subdistricts of Linping, Donghu, Nanyuan, Xingqiao, Yunhe, Qiaosi, Chongxian and the Town of Tangxi.

Yuhang is the largest district of Hangzhou. The administration center of Yuhang District is Linping, which is a subcenter of Hangzhou located in the northeast side of downtown area. It connects with the downtown via Metro Line 3.
Symphony No. 83 (Haydn)
Symphony No. 83 in G minor, Hoboken I/83, is the second of the six Paris Symphonies (numbers 82–87) written by Joseph Haydn in 1785. It was published by Artaria in Vienna in December 1787.

The symphony is popularly known as The Hen (French: La poule). This nickname comes from the clucking second subject in the first movement, which reminded listeners of the jerky back-and-forth head motion of a walking hen.

Artaria
Artaria & Co. (Italian pronunciation: [artaˈriːa]) was one of the most important music publishing firms of the late 18th and 19th century. Founded in the 18th century in Vienna, the company is associated with many leading names of the classical era.
Nassau grouper
The Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) is one of the large number of perciform fishes in the family Serranidae commonly referred to as groupers.   It is the most important of the groupers for commercial fishery in the West Indies, but has been endangered by overfishing.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists the Nassau grouper as critically endangered, due to commercial and recreational fishing and reef destruction. Fishing the species is prohibited in US federal waters. The Nassau grouper is a US National Marine Fisheries Service-listed threatened species by authority of the Endangered Species Act of 1973.

Serranidae
Serranidae is a family of marine fish belonging to the order Perciformes. The family used to contain about 450 species in 65 genera, including some of the sea basses and groupers, but taxonomic revisions split out Epinephelinae (groupers), Grammistini (soapfish),  and Anthiadinae (anthias); as a consequence, this family is now much less speciose. Representatives of this group live in tropical and subtropical seas worldwide.
Elmlohe
Elmlohe (German pronunciation: [ˈɛlmloːə]; Low German: Elm) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2015 it is part of the town Geestland. It was a component municipality of the former Samtgemeinde Bederkesa.

Cuxhaven (district)
Cuxhaven is a district (Landkreis) in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the districts of Stade, Rotenburg, Osterholz and Wesermarsch, the city of Bremerhaven and the North Sea.
Ablabius (assassin)
Ablabius (Greek: Αβλάβιος) was a Byzantine would-be assassin, known for a failed attempt to kill Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565) in 562. The main sources about him are John Malalas and Theophanes the Confessor.

Theophanes the Confessor
Theophanes the Confessor (Greek: Θεοφάνης Ὁμολογητής) or Theophanes of the Great Field (Greek: Θεοφάνης τοῦ Μεγάλου Ἄγρου; c. 759 – 817 or 818) was a member of the Byzantine aristocracy who became a monk and chronicler. He served in the court of Emperor Leo IV the Khazar before taking up the religious life. Theophanes attended the Second Council of Nicaea in 787 and resisted the iconoclasm of Leo V the Armenian, for which he was imprisoned. He died shortly after his release.

Theophanes the Confessor, venerated on 12 March in both the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, should not be confused with Theophanes of Nicaea, whose feast is commemorated on 11 October.
Forecasting Love and Weather
Forecasting Love and Weather (Korean: 기상청 사람들: 사내연애 잔혹사 편) is a 2022 South Korean drama directed by Cha Young-hoon and starring Park Min-young, Song Kang, Yoon Park and Yura. It depicts a cheerful love story of staff at the Korea Meteorological Administration who break, fall, and rise again and their daily life at work. The drama premiered on JTBC on February 12, 2022, and aired every weekend at 22:30 (KST) for 16 episodes. It is  available for streaming on Netflix.

Forecasting Love and Weather featured in Global Top 10 weekly list of the most-watched international Netflix TV shows for 6 weeks in a row from February 21 to April 3.

JTBC
JTBC (shortened from Joongang Tongyang Broadcasting Company; Korean: 제이티비씨; stylized in all lowercase) is a South Korean nationwide pay television network. Its primary shareholder is JoongAng Holdings, with a 25% stake. It was launched on December 1, 2011. JTBC is a generalist channel, with programming consisting of television series, variety shows, and news broadcasting; its news division is held in similar regard to the three main terrestrial networks in South Korea.

In 2011, JTBC was one of four new South Korean nationwide generalist cable TV networks alongside The Dong-A Ilbo's Channel A, The Chosun Ilbo's TV Chosun and Maeil Business Newspaper's MBN. They serve as supplementary networks to the existing conventional free-to-air TV networks like KBS, MBC, SBS and other smaller channels launched following deregulation in 1990.
2019 LTP Charleston Pro Tennis – Doubles
Alexa Guarachi and Erin Routliffe were the defending champions, however Guarachi chose to compete at the 2019 Grand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem instead. Routliffe played alongside Allie Kiick, but lost in the semifinals to Madison Brengle and Lauren Davis.

Asia Muhammad and Taylor Townsend won the title, defeating Brengle and Davis in the final, 6–2, 6–2.

Lauren Davis
Lauren Davis (born October 9, 1993) is an American former professional tennis player. Known for her aggressive backhand, speed, and clay-court strength, she has won two singles titles on the WTA Tour and reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 26, in May 2017. She has also won eight singles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Space
Space is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions. Modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless four-dimensional continuum known as spacetime. The concept of space is considered to be of fundamental importance to an understanding of the physical universe. However, disagreement continues between philosophers over whether it is itself an entity, a relationship between entities, or part of a conceptual framework.

In the 19th and 20th centuries mathematicians began to examine geometries that are non-Euclidean, in which space is conceived as curved, rather than flat, as in the Euclidean space. According to Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, space around gravitational fields deviates from Euclidean space. Experimental tests of general relativity have confirmed that non-Euclidean geometries provide a better model for the shape of space.

Conceptual framework
A conceptual framework is an analytical tool with several variations and contexts. It can be applied in different categories of work where an overall picture is needed. It is used to make conceptual distinctions and organize ideas. Strong conceptual frameworks capture something real and do this in a way that is easy to remember and apply.
Wilmarth School
Wilmarth School is a school building in Ashland, Wisconsin which was built in 1891.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.  It is noted for its architecture—the design of Henry Wildhagen—which is of the 19th- and 20th-century revival styles.

It is a two-story-plus-basement cream brick and brownstone building.  It has a center "chisel-roof" tower containing the front entrance, which has a Palladian-like sidelights and stairlight.  It has a stone panel with the school's name and three windows over a center arch.  It has two large cream brick chimneys with corbelled caps and a hipped roof.: 3

Wildhagen also designed three other schools in Ashland, also NRHP-listed:  Ashland Middle School (1904), Beaser School (1899), and Ellis School (1900).

Ashland, Wisconsin
Ashland is a city in Ashland and Bayfield counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is the county seat of Ashland County. The city is a port on Lake Superior, near the head of Chequamegon Bay. The population was 7,908 at the 2020 census, all of whom resided in the Ashland County portion of the city. The unpopulated Bayfield County portion is in the city's southwest, bordered by the easternmost part of the Town of Eileen.

The junction of US Highway 2 (US 2) and Wisconsin Highway 13 (WIS 13) is located at this city. It is the home of Northwood Technical College, the Sigurd Olson Environmental Institute, and the recently closed Northland College. The town's original name, zhamawanik, means 'long stretched beaver' in Ojibwe.
Green Cross (chemical warfare)
Green Cross (Grünkreuz) is a German World War I chemical warfare pulmonary agent consisting of chloropicrin (PS, Aquinite, Klop), phosgene (CG, Collongite) and/or trichloromethyl chloroformate (diphosgene, Surpalite, Perstoff).

Green Cross is also a generic World War I German marking for artillery shells with pulmonary agents (chemical payload affecting the lungs). The tip of the projectile with the fuse end painted green and a green cross at the bottom of the cartridge.

Other Green Cross mixtures were based on phosgene and/or diphosgene.

The first use of Green Cross was on May 31 1915 in a German offensive in Ypres. The mixture was chlorine-phosgene, with 95% and 5%.

Chemical warfare
Chemical warfare (CW) involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons. This type of warfare is distinct from nuclear warfare, biological warfare and radiological warfare, which together make up CBRN, the military acronym for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (warfare or weapons), all of which are considered "weapons of mass destruction" (WMDs), a term that contrasts with conventional weapons.

The use of chemical weapons in international armed conflicts is prohibited under international humanitarian law by the 1925 Geneva Protocol and the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907. The 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention prohibits signatories from acquiring, stockpiling, developing, and using chemical weapons in all circumstances except for very limited purposes (research, medical, pharmaceutical or protective).
Mine Atlı
Mine Atlı is Turkish Cypriot politician and lawyer. She was a member of the Turkish Municipality of Nicosia's Municipal Parliament. She was elected as the chairman of the (TDP) Communal Democracy Party in the first extraordinary congress, filling the seat of Cemal Özyiğit who had resigned. Mine Atlı is the incumbent leader of the TDP.

As a feminist activist Mine Atli, as a member of the former Gender Advisory Team (GAT) contributed to a policy brief and report including recommendations on Implementing UNSCR 1325 Provisions on Women, Peace and Security in 2012.

Atlı made a post on Facebook on May 10, 2022, which was considered slander by Ersin Tatar who pressed charges.

Ersin Tatar
Ersin Tatar (born 7 September 1960) is a Turkish Cypriot politician who served as the fifth President of Northern Cyprus from 2020 to 2025. He previously served as the fourth Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus following the collapse of Tufan Erhürman's coalition government in 2019, and remained so until his election as president. He was also the leader of the National Unity Party (UBP) and Leader of the Opposition from 2018 until his election.
Dazepinil
Dazepinil, classified as a tricyclic antidepressant, is a pharmacological compound that has never been approved for medical use. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at the synaptic cleft, thereby enhancing neurotransmitter availability in the brain.

Dazepinil is a 1,3-benzodiazepine derivative that has been reported to have marked anti-tetrabenazine activity, to inhibit neurotransmitter uptake into rat brain synaptosomes and to lack anticholinergic activity as evidenced by negligible displacement of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzylate from rat brain muscarinic receptors, and by negligible antagonism of the cholinergic stimulation produced by physostigmine or oxotremorine. This suggests that HRP 534 might be clinically useful as a novel antidepressant which is devoid of anticholinergic side-effects.

3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate
3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) (IUPAC name 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl hydroxy(diphenyl)acetate; US Army code EA-2277; NATO code BZ; Soviet code Substance 78) is an odorless and bitter-tasting military-grade incapacitating agent. It impairs muscle movement and causes delirium and hallucinations to the point of helplessness.

BZ was first synthesized by the Swiss pharmaceutical company Hoffman-LaRoche in 1951, which unsuccessfully tried to develop it into a treatment for gastrointestinal disease. Within a few years, the United States Army took it up as part of its chemical weapons program. Allegations have been made that the U.S. army used it in the Vietnam War. The army denies this; in 1969 it officially banned the compound due to its "wide range of variability of effects, long onset time, and inefficiency of existing munitions." There have also been numerous, unproven allegations of its use in Syria, Bosnia and Russia.
Chuck Perkins
Chuck Perkins (born Charleston Perkins; August 25, 1965) is an American spoken word poet, orator, narrator, and activist who infuses the rhythms and vernacular from the Crescent City into his musical spoken word pieces. The New Orleans Times-Picayune says that he "recites poetry like a prize fighter...always going for a knock out." He has performed internationally at London's prestigious South Bank Centre with Amiri Baraka, Jazz at Lincoln Center with Nicolas Payton and Pedrito Martinez as well as performances in Paris, Toulouse, Manchester, Liverpool, Cambridge, and Amsterdam. Chuck Perkins has published his first book of poetry and essays titled, "Beautiful and Ugly Too". He was host of WBOK's defunct radio talk show, The Conscious Hour with Chuck Perkins.

Spoken word
Spoken word is an oral poetic performance art that is based mainly on the poem's as well as the performer's aesthetic qualities. It is a 20th-century continuation of an ancient oral artistic tradition that focuses on the aesthetics of recitation and word play, such as the performer's live intonation and voice inflection. Spoken word is a catch-all term that includes any kind of poetry recited aloud, including poetry readings, poetry slams, jazz poetry, pianologues, musical readings, and hip hop music, and can include comedy routines and prose monologues. Unlike written poetry, the quality of spoken word is shaped less by the visual aesthetics on a page, and more from phonaesthetics or the aesthetics of sound.
Cieszyn
Cieszyn (/ˈtʃɛʃɪn/ CHESH-in, Polish: [ˈt͡ɕɛʂɨn] ⓘ; Czech: Těšín [ˈcɛʃiːn] ⓘ; German: Teschen [ˈteːʃn̩]) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitants (as of December 2021), and lies opposite Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. Both towns belong to the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, and formerly constituted the capital of the Duchy of Cieszyn as a single town.

Upper Silesia
Upper Silesia (Polish: Górny Śląsk [ˈɡurnɨ ˈɕlɔ̃sk] ⓘ ; Silesian: Gůrny Ślůnsk, Gōrny Ślōnsk; Czech: Horní Slezsko; German: Oberschlesien [ˈoːbɐˌʃleːzi̯ən] ⓘ ; Silesian German: Oberschläsing; Latin: Silesia Superior) is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia, located today mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic. The area is predominantly known for its heavy industry (mining and metallurgy).
The Carpenter (Nightwish song)
"The Carpenter" is the debut single by the Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish, the only from their debut album, Angels Fall First. This is the only Nightwish single to feature lead vocals by both Tarja Turunen and Tuomas Holopainen. It was performed live for the first time in over twenty years with Floor Jansen and Troy Donockley in 2018 during the Decades: World Tour.

Troy Donockley
Troy Donockley (born 30 May 1964) is an English composer and multi-instrumentalist most known for his playing of Uilleann pipes. Having performed with many artists as a session player, he is most notable as a member of Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish, with whom he has performed since 2007 and joined as a full-time member in 2013.
Emmenbrücke Kapf railway station
Emmenbrücke Kapf railway station (German: Bahnhof Emmenbrücke Kapf) is a railway station in the municipality of Emmen, in the Swiss canton of Lucerne. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Olten–Lucerne line of Swiss Federal Railways. Until the December 2022 timetable change, the station was named Rothenburg Dorf, after the nearby municipality of Rothenburg.

Lucerne S-Bahn
The Lucerne S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn Luzern) is an S-Bahn-style commuter rail network focusing on Lucerne in Central Switzerland.

Opened on 12 December 2004, the network forms part of the Central Switzerland S-Bahn project (German: S-Bahn Zentralschweiz), which also includes the Zug Stadtbahn (German: Stadtbahn Zug).

The system connects to services of Aargau S-Bahn, Bern S-Bahn and Zurich S-Bahn. At larger stations, notably Arth-Goldau, Lucerne and Zug, its lines also connect to long-distance trains (RE, IR, IC, EC). It also connects to mountain railways, such as the Pilatus Railway or the Arth-Rigi railway. Lakeside stations are often close to landing sites served by the Lake Lucerne Navigation Company.
Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
Harriet Mayanja-Kizza is a Ugandan physician, researcher, and academic administrator. She is the former dean of Makerere University School of Medicine, the oldest medical school in East Africa, established in 1924.

Mulago National Specialised Hospital
Mulago National Specialised Hospital, also known as Mulago National Referral Hospital, is a component of Mulago Hospital Complex, the teaching facility of Makerere University College of Health Sciences, in  Kampala, Uganda. It is the largest public hospital in Uganda.
Nueva Ecija's 3rd congressional district
Nueva Ecija's 3rd congressional district is one of the four congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Nueva Ecija. It has been represented in the House of Representatives since 1987. The district consists of the provincial capital city Palayan, its largest city Cabanatuan, and adjacent municipalities, namely Bongabon, Gabaldon, General Mamerto Natividad, Laur and Santa Rosa bordering Aurora. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Jay Vergara of the Partido Federal ng Pilipinas (PFP).

Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija
Santa Rosa, officially the Municipality of Santa Rosa (Tagalog: Bayan ng Santa Rosa) is a municipality in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 80,258 people.
CJPR-FM
CJPR-FM (94.9 MHz) is a Canadian radio station that broadcasts a country format under its on-air branding as New Country in Blairmore, Alberta. The station was owned & operated by Newcap Radio until they were bought out by Stingray Digital.

CJPR originally began broadcasting at 1490 AM in 1972, until it moved to 94.9 FM in 2002.

On May 16, 2008, CJPR applied to the CRTC to add a transmitter at Pincher Creek, Alberta. The station was given approval on July 28, 2008 to operate a rebroadcaster in Pincher Creek at 92.7 FM (CJPV-FM).

In November 2016, CJPR rebranded under the Real Country brand, as with other Newcap-owned country stations in Alberta.

On March 4, 2024, CJPR rebranded to New Country to match the company’s other country music stations.

Stingray Group
Stingray Group Inc. (formerly Stingray Digital and Stingray Digital Group) is a Canadian music, media and technology company based in Montreal, Quebec, with offices in Toronto, Ontario, as well as in the United States, Mexico, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany  and Australia. The company was established in 2007 by Eric Boyko and owned by Boyko Investements Corporation.

The company is primarily involved in digital audio services targeting consumer and business-to-business markets, including internet radio, over-the-top and music television channels, DTV radio, and business audio and advertising services. Through its Stingray Radio division (the former Newcap Broadcasting), it is the largest owner of terrestrial radio stations in Canada.
2015 Syed Modi International Grand Prix Gold
The 2015 Syed Modi International Grand Prix Gold was the second grand prix gold and grand prix tournament of the 2015 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held in Babu Banarasi Das Indoor Stadium, Lucknow, India from 20 January until 25 January 2015 and had a total purse of $120,000.

Akshay Dewalkar
Akshay Dewalkar (born 2 July 1988) is an Indian badminton player. He was the men's doubles National Champion together with Pranav Chopra in 2013 and 2015. Dewalkar was the men's team gold medalists at the 2006 and 2016 South Asian Games, also won a men's doubles silver in 2016 with Chopra and a bronze in 2006 with Jishnu Sanyal. He participated at the 2010, 2014 Asian Games and 2014 Commonwealth Games
Mellinus arvensis
Mellinus arvensis, the field digger wasp, is a species of solitary wasp. The wasp can commonly be found from July to late September or October in sandy places.  In hard soil however the female will often try to steal a nest from another member of the same species.  The female is larger than the male. The wasps' nests are underground in sandy burrows with flies for their offspring to eat. The species is yellow and black like many wasp species, but they have a more narrow waist. This species is the most dominant immediately following forest fires.

Offspring
In biology, offspring are the young creation of living organisms, produced either by sexual or asexual reproduction. Collective offspring may be known as a brood or progeny. This can refer to a set of simultaneous offspring, such as the chicks hatched from one clutch of eggs, or to all offspring produced over time, as with the honeybee.  Offspring can occur after mating, artificial insemination, or as a result of cloning.

Human offspring (descendants) are referred to as children; male children are sons and female children are daughters (see Kinship).