hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex
The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC or DMPFC is a section of the prefrontal cortex in some species' brain anatomy. It includes portions of Brodmann areas BA8, BA9, BA10, BA24 and BA32, although some authors identify it specifically with BA8 and BA9. Some notable sub-components include the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (BA24 and BA32), the prelimbic cortex, and the infralimbic cortex.

Brodmann area 32
The Brodmann area 32, also known in the human brain as the dorsal anterior cingulate area 32, refers to a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined cingulate cortex. In the human it forms an outer arc around the anterior cingulate gyrus.  The cingulate sulcus defines approximately its inner boundary and the superior rostral sulcus (H) its ventral boundary; rostrally it extends almost to the margin of the frontal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24, externally by medial margins of the agranular frontal area 6, intermediate frontal area 8, granular frontal area 9, frontopolar area 10, and prefrontal area 11-1909. (Brodmann19-09).

The dorsal region of the anterior cingulate gyrus is associated with rational thought processes, most notably active during the Stroop task.
Muharram (politician)
Muharram (Teluk Semanting, 7 February 1968 – Balikpapan, 22 September 2020) was an Indonesian politician, member of the Prosperous Justice Party. He served as Regent of Berau from 2016 until his death in office in 2020.

He was elected in the 2015 Indonesian local elections and took office on 17 February 2016, when he was officially inaugurated by Governor of East Kalimantan Awang Faroek Ishak along with his deputy, Agus Tamtomo.

He died of COVID-19 on 22 September 2020, at Pertamina Hospital in Balikpapan, during the pandemic in Indonesia, after being hospitalized for thirteen days.

2015 Indonesian local elections
Local elections were held in Indonesia on 9 December 2015. Eligible voters went to the polls to determine 9 gubernatorial, 224 regent and 36 mayoral races across the country. This election marks the first time since Indonesia's transition to democracy that local elections are held simultaneously in one day. Under the current plan, simultaneous partial local elections will be held in February 2017, June 2018, December 2020, culminating in simultaneous elections for all local executive posts on 2024.
Heterodoxy (group)
Heterodoxy was the name adopted by a feminist debating group in Greenwich Village, New York City, in the early 20th century.  It was notable for providing a forum for the development of more radical conceptions of feminism than the suffrage and women's club movements of the time. The heterodoxy club was also known to be a space filled with people living remarkably diverse personal lives, allowing for women to congregate and talk about their experiences with one another in what was considered to be a safe space for conversation and change. The group was considered important in the origins of American feminism.

Feminism in the United States
Feminism is aimed at defining, establishing, and defending a state of equal political, economic, cultural, and social rights for women. It has had a massive influence on American politics.  Feminism in the United States is often divided chronologically into first-wave, second-wave, third-wave, and fourth-wave feminism.

As of 2025, the United States is ranked 42nd in the world on gender equality, according to the Global Gender Gap Report published by the World Economic Forum.
Ingush okrug
Ingush okrug was a district (okrug) of the Terek Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Ingushskiy okrug made up part of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia.

Established in 1862 as a military district of the Terek Oblast, it existed for approximately 9 years. In 1865 the Karabulakskiy Uchastok was abolished due to the resettlement of the majority of its population (Karabulaks). In 1867, two societies, Merzhoy and Akkins, were ceded to the neighboring Argunskiy Okrug. Finally, in 1871, Ingushskiy Okrug was combined with the Ossetinskiy okrug into a new district, Vladikavkazsky okrug.

Stavropol Governorate
Stavropol Governorate (Russian: Ставропольская губерния, romanized: Stavropol'skaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR. It roughly corresponded to most of present-day Stavropol Krai. It was created in 1847 and disbanded in 1924.
IOS 11
iOS 11 is the eleventh major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple, being the successor to iOS 10. It was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 5, 2017, and was released on September 19, 2017. It was succeeded by iOS 12 on September 17, 2018.

Apple A9
The Apple A9 is a 64-bit ARM-based system-on-chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series. Manufactured for Apple by both TSMC and Samsung, it first appeared in the iPhone 6s and 6s Plus which were introduced on September 9, 2015. Apple states that it has 70% more CPU performance and 90% more graphics performance compared to its predecessor, the Apple A8. On September 12, 2018, the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus along with the first-generation iPhone SE was discontinued, ending production of A9 chips.  The latest software updates for the iPhone 6s & 6s Plus including the iPhone SE (1st generation) variants systems using this chip are iOS 15.8.6, released on January 26, 2026, as they were discontinued with the release of iOS 16 in 2022, and for the iPad (5th generation) using this chip was iPadOS 16.7.14, released on February 2nd, 2026, as it was discontinued with the release of iPadOS 17 in 2023.
Kent Road station
Kent Road station was a commuter rail stop on the Danbury Branch of the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line. It was located near the border between Wilton and Norwalk, south of a grade crossing with Kent Road in Wilton, Connecticut. It opened in 1976 and closed in 1994. A previous station on the site, South Wilton, closed in 1971.

Norwalk, Connecticut
Norwalk is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The city, part of the New York Metropolitan Area, is the sixth-most populous city in Connecticut as of the 2020 census, with a population of 91,184.

Norwalk is on the northern shore of Long Island Sound and was first settled in 1649.
1978 Davis Cup
The 1978 Davis Cup was the 67th edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 50 teams entered the competition, 29 in the Europe Zone, 10 in the Americas Zone, and 11 in the Eastern Zone.

The United States defeated Chile in the Americas Inter-Zonal final, Australia defeated New Zealand in the Eastern Zone final, and Great Britain and Sweden were the winners of the two Europe Zones, defeating Czechoslovakia and Hungary respectively.

In the Inter-Zonal Zone, the United States defeated Sweden and Great Britain defeated Australia in the semifinals. The United States then defeated Great Britain in the final to win their 25th title overall and their first since 1972. The final was held at the Mission Hills Country Club in Rancho Mirage, California, United States on 8–10 December.

Chile Davis Cup team
The Chile men's national tennis team represents Chile in Davis Cup tennis tournament and is governed by Federación de tenis de Chile.  The team played in the World Group on 2019 and reached the final one time in 1976, losing the cup against Italy in Santiago. Chile is currently #17 in the ITF Davis Cup rankings. The team is currently captained by former Chilean tennis player Nicolás Massú.
Justin Mott
Justin Mott (born 1978) is an American photographer living in Vietnam.  Mott specializes in editorial and commercial photography and is the founder of Mott Visuals production house based in Vietnam.  He is also known for his wildlife photojournalism and conservation photography documentary work on the northern white rhinos featured in the Washington Post  and featured in a Leica Witness global campaign. He is currently working on a long-term, self-funded project, Kindred Guardians, documenting people all over the world who dedicate their lives to helping animals.  He was the resident professional photographer on Photo Face-Off, a reality TV show on History Channel for 5 seasons in which Mott competes against and judges amateur photographers throughout Southeast Asia.

History (Southeast Asian TV channel)
History, formerly known as The History Channel, is a Southeast Asian pay television channel broadcasting programming related to historical events and people. The channel is owned by A+E Networks Asia. In India History TV18 owned by a joint-venture between A+E Networks and under permission registered Discovery Communications, owner of the American History and Network 18, Indian media group & available in eight languages (Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu & Urdu) in India.
Saint George's Night Uprising
Saint George's Night Uprising in 1343–1345 (Estonian: Jüriöö ülestõus, Estonian pronunciation: [jyri.øː yles.tɤus]) was an unsuccessful attempt by the indigenous Estonian population in the Duchy of Estonia, the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek, and the insular territories of the State of the Teutonic Order to rid themselves of Danish and German rulers and landlords who had conquered the country in the 13th century during the Livonian Crusade; and to eradicate the non-indigenous Christian religion. After initial success the revolt was ended by the invasion of the Teutonic Order. In 1346, the Duchy of Estonia was sold for 19,000 Köln marks by the King of Denmark to the Teutonic Order. The shift of sovereignty from Denmark to the State of the Teutonic Order took place on November 1, 1346.

Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek
The Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek (Estonian: Saare-Lääne piiskopkond; German: Bistum Ösel–Wiek; Low German: Bisdom Ösel–Wiek; contemporary Latin: Ecclesia Osiliensis) was a Roman Catholic diocese and a semi-independent prince-bishopric — part of Terra Mariana (Old Livonia) in the Holy Roman Empire. The bishopric covered what are now Saare, Hiiu, Lääne counties and the western part of Pärnu county of Estonia.
Volodymyr Kozyavkin
Volodymyr Illich Kozyavkin (Ukrainian: Володимир Ілліч Козявкін; 9 June 1947 – 16 December 2022) was a Ukrainian physician and scientist, Hero of Ukraine (2001). As the medical director of LLC International Rehabilitation Clinic Kozyavkin, he specialized in the fields of neurology and medical rehabilitation.

Kozyavkin's groundbreaking Kozyavkin Method approach of intense neurophysiological therapy is used worldwide to treat individuals with organic nervous system disorders and cerebral palsy. Owing to its efficacy, this rehabilitation approach has garnered widespread worldwide recognition and is legally recognized in Ukraine.

Rehabilitation (neuropsychology)
Rehabilitation  of sensory and cognitive function typically involves methods for retraining neural pathways or training new neural pathways to regain or improve neurocognitive functioning that have been diminished by disease or trauma. The main objective outcome for rehabilitation is to assist in regaining physical abilities and improving performance.
Three common neuropsychological problems treatable with rehabilitation are attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), concussion, and spinal cord injury. Rehabilitation research and practices are a fertile area for clinical neuropsychologists, rehabilitation psychologists, and others.
Axial fan design
An axial fan is a type of fan that causes gas to flow through it in an axial direction, parallel to the shaft about which the blades rotate. The flow is axial at entry and exit. The fan is designed to produce a pressure difference, and hence force, to cause a flow through the fan. Factors which determine the performance of the fan include the number and shape of the blades. Fans have many applications including in wind tunnels and cooling towers. Design parameters include power, flow rate, pressure rise and efficiency.

Axial fans generally comprise fewer blades (two to six) than centrifugal fans. Axial fans commonly have larger radius and lower speed (ω) than ducted fans (esp. at similar power. Stress proportional to r^2).

Flow measurement
Flow measurement is the quantification of bulk fluid movement.  Flow can be measured using devices called flowmeters in various ways. The common types of flowmeters with industrial applications are listed below:

Obstruction type (differential pressure or variable area)

Inferential (turbine type)

Electromagnetic

Positive-displacement flowmeters, which accumulate a fixed volume of fluid and then count the number of times the volume is filled to measure flow.

Fluid dynamic (vortex shedding)

Anemometer

Ultrasonic flow meter

Mass flow meter (Coriolis force).

Flow measurement methods other than positive-displacement flowmeters rely on forces produced by the flowing stream as it overcomes a known constriction, to indirectly calculate flow. Flow may be measured by measuring the velocity of fluid over a known area. For very large flows, tracer methods may be used to deduce the flow rate from the change in concentration of a dye or radioisotope.
41st Cabinet of Kuwait
The Cabinet of Kuwait is the chief executive body of the State of Kuwait. The 41st cabinet in the history of Kuwait was appointed on 5 October 2022. On 5 October 2022, Amir of Kuwait His Highness Sheikh Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah assigned His Highness Sheikh Ahmad Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah as Prime Minister. The Amir has also assigned the Prime Minister to refer the cabinet line-up for their appointment. On 5 October 2022, the new cabinet line up was announced after the Amir approved in an Amiri order. Due to strong backlash from MPs and citizens about some of the recurring ministers returning, on 6 October 2022, the Prime Minister tendered a letter of governmental resignation to the Crown Prince a day after its formation, making it the shortest-lived government in Kuwaiti history. The Prime Minister then met with MPs to take their ideas about the government's new formation in order to ease tensions between the government and parliament.

Emir of Kuwait
The Emir of the State of Kuwait (Arabic: أمير دولة الكويت) is the monarch and head of state of Kuwait, and is the country's most powerful office. The emirs of Kuwait are members of the Al Sabah dynasty.

Sheikh Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah became the emir of Kuwait on 16 December 2023, following the death of Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah.
Ayanavaram taluk
Ayanavaram taluk is a taluk of the village in Chennai in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It was formed in December 2013 from parts of the erstwhile Perambur-Purasawalkam taluk. It comprises the neighbourhoods of Ayanavaram, Kolathur and Peravallur.

Perambur-Purasawalkam taluk

Ayanavaram Firka: Aynavaram (Part 1)

Konnur Firka: Ayanavaram (Part 2), Konnur, Mallikaicheri

Peravallur Firka: Chinna Sembarambakkam

Peravallur
Peravallur is a developed residential area, located on the north - western corner of Madras (renamed to Chennai), a metropolitan city in Tamil Nadu state, India. Out of 1018 places to be renamed by the government of Tamil Nadu, Peravallur is the one to be renamed as "Peravalloor". CMDA (Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority) is the town planning agency for Peravallur. Official language is Tamil; Postal pincode is 600082; Greater Chennai Corporation is the Civic body. A police station viz., K - 5 Peravallur Police Station for this neighborhood is built a year ago with ample space, at the junction of Venkatesan Salai and (70 feet road) Siva Elango Salai in Jawahar Nagar near Perambur.
Hegdal
Hegdal is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eirik Hegdal (born 1973), Norwegian musician, composer, arranger, and music teacher

Sissel Knutsen Hegdal (born 1965), Norwegian politician

Sissel Knutsen Hegdal
Sissel Knutsen Hegdal (born 20 November 1965) is a Norwegian politician and lawyer formerly for the Conservative Party. She served as the mayor of Stavanger between 2023 and 2024, and was previously a deputy member of parliament for Rogaland between 2009 and 2017.
The Sorcerer's Apprentice (TV series)
The Sorcerer's Apprentice is a children's reality show that originally aired on BBC One with Barney Harwood as host for the first series from 9 to 20 July 2007. Children were taught magic tricks, which they would then perform for a pannel of judges. It was moved to BBC Two with Ortis Deley as host for series two and three from 25 January to 20 December 2009.

Ortis Deley
Ortis Deley (/ˈoʊtɪs/ OH-tis; born 2 June 1973) is a British television presenter, comedian, singer, radio DJ and actor. He is of Ghanaian and Nigerian descent, best known for presenting the Children's BBC Saturday morning flagship series Live & Kicking. As of November 2021, he is a presenter on The Gadget Show. He has also co-presented Police Interceptors in the UK, with Rick Edwards. He appeared on Police Interceptors special edition where he drove around with the Cleveland and Durham specialist operations unit as well as observing the operations of the control centre.
Chetak Smarak
Chetak Smarak, also called Chetak Samadhi, is a memorial to Maharana Pratap's famed steed Chetak, in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The horse died of battle wounds after helping the Rana effect a miraculous escape from the Battle of Haldighati. The memorial is said to have been built at the spot that Chetak died.

It is situated in the Aravalli hills in the lake district of Rajsamand, at the village of Balicha. In 2003, the shrine was declared a Monument of National Importance in Rajasthan by the Archaeological Survey of India.

It is an interesting little place with an old museum dedicated to the battle, and a new one coming up close by. It can be reached easily by road, about 4 km from the temple town of Nathdwara.

Rajsamand district
Rajsamand district is a district of the state of Rajasthan in western India.
The city of Rajsamand is the district headquarters. The district was constituted on 10 April 1991 from Udaipur district by carving out 7 tehsils - Bhim, Deogarh, Amet, Kumbhalgarh, Rajsamand, Nathdwara, and Railmagra.
Avilov (surname)
Avilov (Russian: Авилов; masculine) or Avilova (Авилова; feminine) is a Russian surname. It derives from the old Russian male first name Vavila (Vavilo).

The following people share this surname:

Lydia Avilova (1864–1943), Russian Soviet writer and memoirist

Mikhail Avilov (1882–1954), Russian Soviet painter and art educator

Mykola Avilov (born 1948), Ukrainian Soviet decathlete

Pyotr Avilov (1910–2004), Soviet sports shooter

Valentin Avilov, recipient of the Order of Naval Merit, a state decoration of Russia

Viktor Avilov (diplomat) (1900–?), Russian Soviet diplomat

Viktor Avilov (actor)

Vladimir Avilov, Estonian association football player; captain of FC Infonet

Yevgeny Avilov, mayor of the city of Tula, Russia

Vavila, Metropolitan of Zeta
Vavila (Anglicized: Vavil; Serbian Cyrillic: Вавила; fl. 1520, before 1485 – 1520) was the Metropolitan of Zeta and the first prince-bishop (vladika) from c. 1493 to 1504 and the vicar bishop of Visarion and Pahomije, his predecessors.
Abbatini
Abbatini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Maria Abbatini (1595 or 1609 or 1610 – after 1677 or 1679), Italian composer

Bruno Abbatini (1938–2017), Italian football player

Guido Ubaldo Abbatini (1600–1656), Italian painter

Bruno Abbatini
Bruno Abbatini (30 June 1938 Genzano di Roma Italy, – 31 March 2017 Albano Laziale, Italy) was an Italian football player, who played as midfielder and forward and has been a trainer.

He played for Ostia Mare, US Tevere Roma, AS Roma, Cesena, Padova, Avellino and ASD GC Sora. He was a trainer at Cynthia, Aprilia, Nemi, Viterbese and Cassino.

The Bruno Abbantini Municipal Stadium in Genzano di Roma is named after him.
2-hydroxypyridine 5-monooxygenase
In enzymology, a 2-hydroxypyridine 5-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.99.26) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2-hydroxypyridine + AH2 + O2  2,5-dihydroxypyridine + A + H2O

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are 2-hydroxypyridine, an electron acceptor AH2, and O2, whereas its 3 products are 2,5-dihydroxypyridine, the reduction product A, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derive from O miscellaneous.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-hydroxypyridine,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (5-hydroxylating). This enzyme is also called 2-hydroxypyridine oxygenase.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Jim Waltermire
James Douglas Waltermire (February 15, 1949 – April 8, 1988) was an American politician.

Born in Great Falls, Montana, Waltermire served on the Missoula County, Montana Board of Commissioners in 1977. In 1978, he lost the election to the United States House of Representatives on the Republican Party ticket. From 1981 until his death in 1988, Waltermire served as Montana Secretary of State. Waltermire died in an airplane crash near the Helena Regional Airport in Helena, Montana. Waltermire was seeking the Republican nomination for the office of the Governor of Montana at the time of his death.

Missoula County, Montana
Missoula County (/mɪˈzuːlə/ ⓘ miz-OO-lə) is a county located in the state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 117,922, making it Montana's third most populous county. Its county seat and most populous city is Missoula. The county was founded in 1860. Missoula County comprises the Missoula, MT Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is not a consolidated city-county.
Juan del Águila
Juan del Águila y Arellano (Ávila, c. 1545 – A Coruña, August 1602) was a Spanish general. He commanded the Spanish expeditionary Tercio troops in Sicily then in Brittany (1584–1598, also sending a detachment to raid England), before serving as general of the Spanish armies in the invasion of Ireland (1600–1602). As a soldier, and subsequently Maestre de campo of the Tercios, he was posted to Sicily, Africa, Malta, Corsica, Milan, the Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, France and Ireland, where he participated in major military events of his time, such as the Siege of Malta, the Looting of Antwerp, the Siege of Antwerp, the "Miracle of Empel", an expedition in support of the French Catholics during the French Wars of Religion, the Raid on Mount's Bay and another one in support of Irish clans during the Nine Years War. He was however defeated at Kinsale after the fourth Spanish armada was sent to Ireland which resulted in bitter recriminations.

Castlehaven
Castlehaven (Irish: Gleann Bearcháin) is a civil parish in County Cork, Ireland. It is located in West Cork, approximately 45 miles south-west of Cork City on the coast. The civil parish includes the town of Castletownshend and the hamlets of Rineen and Tragumna. The area's Gaelic football club, Castlehaven GAA, has claimed several Munster Senior Club Football Championship titles.