hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Artisans' and Labourers' Dwellings Improvement Act 1875
The Artisans' and Labourers' Dwellings Improvement Act 1875 (38 & 39 Vict. c. 36) or the Cross Act was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom designed by Richard Cross, Home Secretary during Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli's second Conservative Government, which involved allowing local councils to buy up areas of slum dwellings in order to clear and then rebuild them. It formed part of Disraeli's social reform initiative aimed at the "elevation of the people" (the working class), a policy stated in his 1872 speeches at Manchester and Crystal Palace, and associated with his doctrine of One Nation Conservatism. Also, key individuals, such as the philanthropist Octavia Hill, helped pressurise the government into passing the Act.

Local government in the United Kingdom
Local government in the United Kingdom has origins which pre-date the United Kingdom itself, as each of the four countries of the United Kingdom has its own separate system. For an overview, see Administrative geography of the United Kingdom. For details, see:

Local government in England

Local government in Northern Ireland

Local government in Scotland

Local government in Wales

For the history of local government in each country, see:

History of local government in England

History of local government in Northern Ireland

History of local government in Scotland

History of local government in Wales

For local government entities in each country, see

Category:Local authorities of England

Category:Local authorities of Northern Ireland

Category:Local authorities of Scotland

Category:Local authorities of Wales
Angelo Ingrassia
Angelo Ingrassia (March 23, 1923 – March 21, 2013) was an American jurist.

Ingrassia served in the United States Army during World War II. He received his law degree from Albany Law School and was admitted to the New York bar. He served as district attorney of Orange County, New York and then as judge of the Orange County court. In 1982, he was elected to the New York Supreme Court, serving until his retirement in 1999.

Orange County, New York
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 401,310. The county seat is Goshen. This county was first created in 1683 and reorganized with its present boundaries in 1798. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Orange County is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan statistical area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY–NJ–CT–PA Combined Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census the center of population of the state of New York was located in Orange County, in the hamlet of Cuddebackville.
Aceitunilla
Aceitunilla is a village and alqueria located in the municipality of Nuñomoral, in Cáceres province, Extremadura, Spain. As of 2020, it has a population of 67.

Aceitunilla is 179 kilometres (111 mi) north of Cáceres, Spain.

Alqueria
An alquería (Spanish: [alkeˈɾi.a]; Valencian: alqueria [alkeˈɾi.a]; Portuguese: alcaria [alkɐˈɾi.ɐ]; from Arabic القرية al-qarīa, "village, hamlet") in Al-Andalus made reference to small rural communities that were located near cities (medinas). Since the 15th century it makes reference to a farmhouse, with an agricultural farm, found mainly in eastern and southeastern Spain, such as Granada and Valencia. Regarding the latter location Joan Fuster, in his book called El País Valenciano, makes extensive reference to the Valencian alquerías. Vestiges and documents referring to alquerias, known as alcarias in Portuguese, have been found in Portugal's southern region of Algarve. From Central Portugal to the Algarve passing through Alentejo region, a number of places in Portugal have the word Alcaria in its name.
Tyrolite
Tyrolite is a hydrous calcium copper arsenate carbonate mineral with the formula CaCu5(AsO4)2CO3(OH)4⋅6H2O. Tyrolite forms glassy, blue to green orthorhombic radial crystals and botryoidal masses. It has a Mohs hardness of 1.5–2.0 and a specific gravity of 3.1–3.2. It is translucent with refractive indices of nα = 1.694, nβ = 1.726, and nγ = 1.730.

It is a secondary mineral formed by the weathering of associated copper and arsenic minerals. It was first described in 1845 for an occurrence in Schwaz, Tyrol, Austria.

Hydrate
In chemistry, a hydrate is a substance that contains water or its constituent elements. The chemical state of the water varies widely between different classes of hydrates, some of which were so labeled before their chemical structure was understood.
Jean Childs Young
Jean Childs Young (July 1, 1933 – September 16, 1994) was an educator and advocate for equal access to education in the United States. Young also dedicated much of her life to involvement in children's rights, and served as the American chairwoman of the United Nation's International Year of the Child in 1979. Young worked alongside her husband, Andrew Young, as an involved advocate in the Civil Rights Movement.

Southern Christian Leadership Conference
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is an African-American civil rights organization based in Atlanta, Georgia. SCLC is closely associated with its first president, Martin Luther King Jr., who had a large role in the American civil rights movement.
The BBC Presents: Philip Marlowe
The BBC Presents: Philip Marlowe was a series of BBC radio drama adaptations of novels by Raymond Chandler that ran from 1977 to 1978, and again in 1988. The radio show adapted six out of the seven of Chandlers novels starring Philip Marlowe, played by Ed Bishop. The show was adapted by Bill Morrison and produced by John Tydeman. Other actors featured included Don Fellows and  Robert Beatty,

The ten-year gap between the release of The Long Goodbye and Farewell My Lovely was due to the rights for the latter being unavailable (being held by the makers of the 1975 film adaptation).

The shows were released on CD under the BBC Radio Collection label between 2001 and 2004.

John Tydeman
John Peter Tydeman OBE (30 March 1936 – 1 April 2020) was an English producer of radio and director of theatre plays. He was responsible for commissioning and directing the early plays of Caryl Churchill, Joe Orton, Tom Stoppard and Sue Townsend.

Tydeman was the head of BBC Radio Drama from 1986 to 1994.
Rosner
Rosner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Rosner (1945–2013), American composer

Eddie Rosner (1910–1976), Polish jazz musician

Fred Rosner (21st century), American physician

Heinz Rosner (born 1939), motorcycle road racer

Henry J. Rosner (1909–1982), American policy researcher

Mina Rosner (1913–1997), Canadian writer

Richard G. Rosner

Rick Rosner (born 1941), American television writer

Robert Rosner (21st century), American astrophysicist

Shmuel Rosner (21st century), Israeli journalist

Simon Rösner (21st century), German squash player

Henry J. Rosner
Henry Rosner (March 9, 1909 – March 16, 1982) was an American policy researcher, journalist, and fiscal administrator for public welfare programs in New York City and New York State. He consulted for and helped set up welfare programs and departments in a number of U.S. cities and states, including Vermont, and foreign countries, including Israel.
Oberliga Berlin
The term Oberliga Berlin may describe any one of several historical upper-tier level football competitions based in the city of Berlin, Germany.

Brandenburg football championship, refers to any of several early (1898–1923) first division competitions known by various names, but sometimes referred to as the Oberliga Berlin or Oberliga Berlin-Brandenburg

Oberliga Berlin-Brandenburg, the first division competition active 1923–1933

Gauliga Berlin-Brandenburg, the first division competition established under the Third Reich and active 1933–1945

Oberliga Berlin (1945–63), the first tier competition active in West Berlin 1945–1963

Amateur-Oberliga Berlin, the second and third tier competitions active in West Berlin 1947–1991

Oberliga Berlin (1945–1963)
The Oberliga Berlin (English: Premier league Berlin), sometimes also referred to as Stadtliga Berlin (English: City league Berlin) or Vertragsliga Berlin (English: Contract league Berlin) was the highest level of the German football league system in the city of West Berlin in West Germany from 1945 until the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963. It was by far the smallest of the five Oberligas.
Radio transient
Radio transient could refer to :

In radio astronomy :

Rotating radio transient

Galactic Center radio transient

Fast radio burst, milliseconds, most are one-offs, a few repeat

pulsar, radio pulses from a rotating neutron star

new phenomena such as GLEAM-X J162759.5−523504.3 (18 min period) reported in 2022.

GLEAM-X J162759.5−523504.3
GLEAM-X J162759.5−523504.3 is a transient astronomical radio source, found in 2020, in archival data recorded in 2018 by the Murchison Widefield Array.

The source was active in radio for about 1 minute every 18 minutes, from January to March 2018, but has not been recorded since.
The Stage (Antarctica)
The Stage is a prominent moraine floored amphitheater (a cirque) between West Aisle Ridge and Central Aisle Ridge on the north side of Renegar Glacier, Scott Coast. The cirque floor, at 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), is relatively flat. The feature was visited by D. N. B. Skinner's New Zealand Geological Survey field party, 1977–78, which suggested the name; viewed from the lower Renegar Glacier the elevated floor of the amphitheater appears to be the ideal stage for some great theater.

Moraine
A moraine is any accumulation of unconsolidated debris (regolith and rock), sometimes referred to as glacial till, that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions, and that has been previously carried along by a glacier or ice sheet. It may consist of partly rounded particles ranging in size from boulders (in which case it is often referred to as boulder clay) down to gravel and sand, in a groundmass of finely divided clayey material sometimes called glacial flour. Lateral moraines are those formed at the side of the ice flow, and terminal moraines are those formed at the foot, marking the maximum advance of the glacier. Other types of moraine include ground moraines (till-covered areas forming sheets on flat or irregular topography) and medial moraines (moraines formed where two glaciers meet).
Nalkheda
Nalkheda is a town and tehsil with a Nagar Parishad status, located in the Agar Malwa district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is situated on the banks of the Lakhunder River.

Nalkheda lies approximately 150 km from Indore, 100 km from Ujjain, 170 km from Kota in Rajasthan, 180 km from Bhopal, 35 km from Agar, 62 km from Shajapur, and 56 km from Dongargaon by road. It is located about 15 km from Aamla Chourha, which lies on State Highway 27 between Agar Malwa and Susner.

State Highway 27 (Madhya Pradesh)
Madhya Pradesh State Highway 27 (MP SH 27) runs in Jhalawar in Rajasthan, Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh and Malkapur in Maharashtra it cover 386.60 km.

It starts from Rajasthan and has a route as Jhalawar. It enters Madhya Pradesh from Dongargaon and passes through Agar, Ujjain, Indore, Sanawad, Barwaha, Burhanpur and the enter in Maharashtra from Malkapur.
Petteri Rimpinen
Petteri Johannes Rimpinen (born 25 April 2006) is a Finnish professional ice hockey goaltender currently playing for Kiekko-Espoo in the Liiga. Nicknamed "Showtime", Rimpinen was drafted 152nd overall by the Los Angeles Kings in the 2025 NHL entry draft.

HIFK Hockey
HIFK Hockey (a traditional abbreviation of the Swedish name Idrottsföreningen Kamraterna, Helsingfors, English: "Sporting Society Comrades, Helsinki") is a professional ice hockey team based in Helsinki, Finland that plays in the SM-liiga, the sport's top-level league in Finland. The team plays at Helsinki Ice Hall.
Kai En Tai
Kai En Tai (also spelled Kaientai) was a professional wrestling stable made up of Japanese wrestlers Shiryu, Dick Togo and Men’s Teioh, later joined by Sho Funaki and Taka Michinoku. The group was managed by Yamaguchi-San when they were in the WWF.

Gran Hamada
Hiroaki Hamadeh (浜田 広秋, Hamada Hiroaki), better known by his ring name Gran Hamada (グラン浜田, Guran Hamada; November 27, 1950 – February 15, 2025), was a Japanese professional wrestler, the first to adopt the high-flying Mexican lucha libre style. He wrestled for New Japan Pro-Wrestling, the Universal Wrestling Federation, Michinoku Pro, and All Japan Pro Wrestling and was the founder of Universal Lucha Libre. He also had stints with the World Wrestling Federation and Extreme Championship Wrestling in the United States. His daughters Xóchitl Hamada and Ayako Hamada are professional Japanese-Mexican wrestlers.
Henry Randall (priest)
Henry Goldney Randall  (8 August 1808, in Little Bedwyn, Wiltshire – 8 August 1881) was Archdeacon of Bristol from 1873 until his death at his residence at Christian Malford.

Randall was the second son of Richard Randall of Old Jewry, London. He was educated at St John's College, Oxford, The Queen's College, Oxford and the London College of Divinity. He was ordained deacon in 1834 and priest in 1836. He was vicar of St Mary Redcliffe from 1865 until 1877, and an Honorary Canon of Bristol Cathedral from 1868. From 1877 until his death he was rector of Christian Malford, Wiltshire.

His daughter Mary married in 1867 Charles Cornish (1842–1936), who was in turn vicar of St Mary Redcliffe, and then from 1899 to 1915 Bishop of Grahamstown, South Africa. His only son, Richard (born 1844), trained in law.

St John's College, Oxford
St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Founded as a men's college in 1555, it has been coeducational since 1979. Its founder, Sir Thomas White, intended to provide a source of educated Roman Catholic clerics to support the Counter-Reformation under Queen Mary.

St John's is the wealthiest college in Oxford, with assets worth over £790 million as of 2022, largely due to nineteenth-century suburban development of land in the city of Oxford of which it is the ground landlord.

The college occupies a site on St Giles' and in 2024 had a student body of 419 undergraduates and 244 postgraduates. There are over 100 academic staff, and a like number of other staff. In 2018 St John's topped the Norrington Table, the annual ranking of Oxford colleges' final results, and in 2021, St John's ranked second with a score of 79.8.
Tracy Municipal Airport (Minnesota)
Tracy Municipal Airport (ICAO: KTKC, FAA LID: TKC) is a city-owned public-use airport located one mile northeast of the central business district of Tracy, a city in Lyon County, Minnesota, United States.

Lyon County, Minnesota
Lyon County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,269. Its county seat is Marshall.

Lyon County comprises the Marshall Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Arc de Triomf
The Arc de Triomf (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈaɾk də tɾiˈomf]), translated: Arch of Victory, is a memorial arch in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was built by architect Josep Vilaseca i Casanovas as the main access gate for the 1888 Barcelona World Fair. The arch crosses over the wide central promenade of the Passeig de Lluís Companys, leading to the Ciutadella Park that now occupies the site of the world fair. It is located at the northern end of the promenade, facing the Passeig de Sant Joan.

Parc de la Ciutadella
The Parc de la Ciutadella (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈpaɾɡ də lə siwtəˈðeʎə]; lit. 'Citadel Park'; Spanish: Parque de la Ciudadela; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpaɾke ðe la θjuðaˈðela]) is a park on the northeastern edge of Ciutat Vella, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. For decades following its creation in the mid-19th century, this park was the city's only green space. The 31-hectare (77 acres) grounds include the city zoo (once home to the albino gorilla Snowflake, who died in 2003), the Palau del Parlament de Catalunya, a small lake, museums, and a large fountain designed by Josep Fontserè (with possible contributions by the young Antoni Gaudí).

As the location of the Parliament of Catalonia, the tensions in 2018 and 2019 regarding Catalan independence regularly led to the police closure of the park to public access to prevent crowds forming near to the official buildings.
St. Nicholas' GAA
St Nicholas' Gaelic Football Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the Ballyvolane and Blackpool areas of Cork, Ireland. The club, a sister of Glen Rovers, is solely concerned with the game of Gaelic football.

Ballyvolane, Cork
Ballyvolane (Irish: Baile Uí Mhaoláin) is a townland and suburb of Cork on the north side of the city. The townland of Ballyvolane is in the civil parish of St. Anne's Shandon. It is within the Cork North-Central Dáil constituency.

The two schools in Ballyvolane are St. Aidan's Community Community College and Scoil Oilibhéir, and the local Roman Catholic Church is Saint Oliver's, built in the 1990s. Nearby archaeological sites, protected under the National Monuments Acts, include a number of burnt mounds and fulacht fiadh.

Ballyvolane Shopping Centre is anchored by Dunnes Stores and first opened in 1980.

In June 2012, several households in the area were damaged by flooding.
Dum Dum Girls (2008 EP)
Dum Dum Girls is the debut EP by Dum Dum Girls, released in 2008 by frontwoman Dee Dee's own label, Zoo Music. The release was initially limited to 100 pressings, but was later repressed in CD-R format by Sub Pop and offered to those who preordered their debut album, I Will Be.

Sub Pop
Sub Pop is an independent record label founded in 1986 in Seattle by Bruce Pavitt and Jonathan Poneman. Sub Pop achieved fame in the early 1990s for signing Seattle bands such as Nirvana, Soundgarden, and Mudhoney, central players in the grunge movement. They are often credited with helping popularize grunge music. The label's roster includes Fleet Foxes, Tad, Beach House, The Postal Service, Sleater-Kinney, Flight of the Conchords, Foals, Blitzen Trapper, Father John Misty, clipping., Shabazz Palaces, Weyes Blood, Guerilla Toss, Bully,  La Luz, Low, METZ, Rolling Blackouts Coastal Fever, Kiwi Jr., Built to Spill, TV Priest and The Shins. In 1995, the owners of Sub Pop sold a 49% stake of the label to the Warner Music Group.
Gessica Turato
Gessica Turato (born 30 July 1984) is a track and road cyclist from Italy. As a junior, she won the individual pursuit at the 2001 UEC European Track Championships. She won the under-23 road race at the 2005 European Road Championships and represented her nation later that year at the 2005 UCI Road World Championships.

2005 UCI Road World Championships
The 2005 UCI Road World Championships took place in Madrid, Spain, between September 19 and September 25, 2005. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men, women and men under 23.

The Men's road race saw Belgian cyclist Tom Boonen winning.
Good Days (album)
Good Days is an album by the Chicago Underground Quartet, featuring trumpeter Rob Mazurek, guitarist Jeff Parker, keyboardist Josh Johnson, and drummer Chad Taylor. It was recorded during 2018 and 2019 at Big Ego in Long Beach California, and was released in 2020 by Astral Spirits Records.

Regarding the 19-year gap between the band's previous release, Chicago Underground Quartet, and Good Days, Mazurek reflected: "It didn't feel like any time had passed. The only thing different is that maybe everyone's concept of making music is stronger after 20 years, but still similar, at least for this thing." Parker stated: "You can hear it, we're a lot better now."

Astral Spirits Records
Astral Spirits Records is an independent record label specializing in free jazz, improvisation, and experimental music. Based in Austin, Texas, the label was founded in 2014 by musician Nathan Cross, who started Astral Spirits as a platform for "the new wave of heavy free jazz"; as the breadth of the label's offerings expanded, imprint Astral Editions became the home for its more experimental releases.

Astral Spirits has been featured in Bandcamp Daily, All About Jazz, the Chicago Reader, DownBeat, and the Free Jazz Collective; Rolling Stone has called the label "crucial" and "enormously prolific"; and in 2019, Tiny Mix Tapes included Astral Spirits among their favorite labels of the decade.
Alan Henderson (rugby union)
Alan Peter Henderson (26 May 1920 – 4 April 2003) was an English international rugby union player.

Born in Dartford, Kent, Henderson attended Taunton School and the University of Cambridge, gaining three blues. He was a specialist hooker. Other than varsity rugby, Henderson also played for Kent, Taunton and Richmond, as well as the Wanderers club in Edinburgh, where he was also a cricketer with Grange. From 1947 to 1949, Henderson was capped nine times as an England hooker, before losing his place to John Steeds.

Dartford
Dartford is the principal town in the Borough of Dartford, Kent, England. It is located 18 mi (29 km) south-east of Central London and
is situated adjacent to the London Borough of Bexley to its west. To its north, across the Thames Estuary, is Thurrock in Essex, which can be reached via the Dartford Crossing. To its east lies the Borough of Gravesham and to the south the district of Sevenoaks. It had a population of 51,240.

The town centre lies in a valley through which the River Darent flows and where the old road from London to Dover crossed: hence the name, which derives from Darent + ford. Dartford became a market town in medieval times and, although today it is principally a commuter town for Greater London, it has a long history of religious, industrial and cultural importance. It is an important rail hub; the main through-road now by-passes the town itself.
Red Roses and Petrol
Red Roses and Petrol is a 2003 American drama film based on the stage play of the same name by Joseph O'Connor. The film was directed by Tamar Simon Hoffs, and stars Malcolm McDowell and Max Beesley. It was released, on DVD, in 2008.

Flogging Molly
Flogging Molly is an Irish-American seven-piece Celtic punk band formed in Los Angeles in 1997, led by Irish vocalist Dave King, formerly of the hard rock band Fastway. They are signed to their own record label, Borstal Beat Records.
Andraos
Andraos is an Arabic surname. It is commonly found in Lebanon in the villages of Jaj, Kefar Aaka, Kousba and Damour and Nabay. Notable people with the surname include:

Amale Andraos (born 1973), designer

Antoine Andraos (born 1950), Lebanese politician

Assaad Andraos (1945–before 2012), Lebanese sports shooter

Fady Andraos, Palestinian-Lebanese singer and actor

Maryse Andraos (born 1988), Canadian writer

Maryse Andraos
Maryse Andraos (born 1988) is a Canadian writer from Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville, Quebec, whose debut novel Sans refuge was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2022 Governor General's Awards.

The daughter of an Egyptian father and a québécoise mother, she was educated at the Université du Québec à Montréal. The novel is an expansion of her earlier short story of the same name, which was the winner of Ici Radio-Canada's annual short story prize in 2018.