hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Missouri Mountain
Missouri Mountain is a high mountain summit in the Collegiate Peaks of the Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The 14,069.2-foot (4,288 m) fourteener is located in the Collegiate Peaks Wilderness of San Isabel National Forest, 15.2 miles (24.5 km) northwest by west (bearing 302°) of the Town of Buena Vista in Chaffee County, Colorado, United States.  Missouri Mountain is separated from its eastern neighbor Mount Belford by Elkhead Pass (13,220 feet).

San Isabel National Forest
San Isabel National Forest is located in central Colorado.  The forest contains 19 of the state's 53 fourteeners, peaks over 14,000 feet (4,267 m) high, including Mount Elbert, the highest point in Colorado.

It is one of eleven national forests in the state of Colorado and contains the Sawatch Range, the Collegiate Peaks, and Sangre de Cristo Range. It has a total area of 1,120,233 acres (1,750.364 sq mi; 4,533.42 km2) spread out over parts of eleven counties in central Colorado. In descending order of land area it is located in Chaffee, Custer, Lake, Huerfano, Fremont, Pueblo, Saguache, Las Animas, Park, Costilla, and Summit counties.

San Isabel National Forest is co-managed by the Forest Service together with Pike National Forest, Cimarron National Grassland, and Comanche National Grassland from offices in Pueblo. There are local ranger district offices located in Cañon City, Leadville, and Salida.
Middle-class squeeze
The middle-class squeeze refers to negative trends in the standard of living and other conditions of the middle class of the population. In a middle-class squeeze situation, increases in wages fail to keep up with inflation for middle-income earners, leading to a relative decline in real wages, while at the same time, the phenomenon fails to have a similar effect on the top wage earners. People belonging to the middle class find that inflation in consumer goods and the housing market prevent them from maintaining a middle-class lifestyle, undermining aspirations of upward mobility.

Wage
A wage is the price of labor. Examples of wage payments include compensatory payments such as minimum wage, prevailing wage, and yearly bonuses, and remunerative payments such as prizes and tip payouts. Wages are part of the expenses that are involved in running a business. It is an obligation to the employee regardless of the profitability of the company.

Payment by wage contrasts with salaried work, in which the employer pays an arranged amount at steady intervals (such as a week or month) regardless of hours worked, with commission which conditions pay on individual performance, and with compensation based on the performance of the company as a whole. Waged employees may also receive tips or gratuity paid directly by clients and employee benefits which are non-monetary forms of compensation. Since wage labour is the predominant form of work, the term "wage" sometimes refers to all forms (or all monetary forms) of employee compensation.
German submarine U-163 (1941)
German submarine U-163 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during World War II. The keel for this boat was laid down on 8 May 1940 at the DeSchiMAG, Bremen yard as yard number 702. She was launched on 1 May 1941 and commissioned on 21 October under the command of Korvettenkapitän Kurt-Eduard Engelmann.

The U-boat's service began with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla. She then moved to the 10th flotilla on 1 August 1942 for operations. She sank three ships, totalling 15,011 GRT and one warship was declared a total loss (2,000 tons).

She was sunk by a Canadian corvette in March 1943.

Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau
Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft (abbreviated Deschimag) was a cooperation of eight German shipyards in the period 1926 to 1945. The leading company was the shipyard AG Weser in Bremen.
Bixby Block–Home Bank Building
The Bixby Block–Home Bank Building was a five-story commercial structure at the corner of Main St. and School St. in Brockton, Massachusetts. Built in 1883, it was designed by local architect Wesley Lyng Minor. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978, but was destroyed by fire in 1980 and subsequently removed from the Register.

Brockton, Massachusetts
Brockton is a city in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States. Its population was 105,643 at the 2020 United States census, and it is a major economic and commercial hub for the southern part of Greater Boston. Along with Plymouth, it is one of the two county seats of the county. It is the sixth-largest city in Massachusetts and is sometimes referred to as the "City of Champions", due to the success of native boxers Rocky Marciano and Marvin Hagler, as well as its successful Brockton High School sports programs. Two villages within it are Montello and Campello, both of which have MBTA Commuter Rail Stations and post offices. Campello is the smallest neighborhood, but also the most populous. Brockton hosts a baseball team, the Brockton Rox of the Frontier League. It is the second-windiest city in the United States, with an average wind speed of 14.3 mph (23.0 km/h).
Boom bap
Boom bap is a subgenre of hip-hop and music production style that was prominent in East Coast hip-hop  during the golden age of hip-hop from the late 1980s to the early 1990s.

The term "boom bap" is an onomatopoeia that represents the sounds used for the bass (kick) drum and snare drum, respectively. The style is usually recognized by a main drum loop that uses a hard-hitting, acoustic bass drum sample on the downbeats, a snappy acoustic snare drum sample on the upbeats, and an "in your face" audio mix emphasizing the drum loop, and the kick-snare combination in particular.

Key producers include DJ Premier, Pete Rock, Buckwild and Diamond D. Prominent hip hop artists who incorporated "boom bap" in their music include Gang Starr, KRS-One, A Tribe Called Quest, Wu-Tang Clan, MF DOOM, Mobb Deep, Craig Mack, R.A. the Rugged Man, Big L, Boot Camp Clik, Griselda, Jay-Z, Common, Yasiin Bey, Nas, and The Notorious B.I.G.

Boot Camp Clik
Boot Camp Clik is an American hip hop supergroup from Brooklyn, New York City, which is composed of Buckshot (of Black Moon), Smif-N-Wessun (Tek and Steele), Heltah Skeltah (Rockness Monsta and Sean Price) and O.G.C. (Starang Wondah, Top Dog, and Louieville Sluggah). Most of the members are from Brownsville, but Buckshot is from Crown Heights and Tek is from Bedford-Stuyvesant.
Foreign Cultural Exchange Jurisdictional Immunity Clarification Act
The Foreign Cultural Exchange Jurisdictional Immunity Clarification Act (H.R. 4292) is a bill that was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress. Under current law, works of art loaned by foreign governments generally are immune to certain decisions made by federal courts and cannot be confiscated if the President, or the President’s designee, determines that display of the works is in the national interest. However, commercial activity in which foreign governments are engaged does not have immunity in federal courts. H.R. 4292 would clarify that importing works of art into the United States for temporary display is not a commercial activity, and thus that such works would be immune from seizure.

Congressional Budget Office
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that provides budget and economic information to Congress. It is headquartered at the Ford House Office Building in Washington, DC. Inspired by California's Legislative Analyst's Office that manages the state budget in a strictly nonpartisan fashion, the CBO was created as a nonpartisan agency by the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974.

Whereas politicians on both sides of the aisle have criticized the CBO when its estimates have been politically inconvenient, economists and other academics overwhelmingly reject that the CBO is partisan or that it fails to produce credible forecasts. There is a consensus among economists that "adjusting for legal restrictions on what the CBO can assume about future legislation and events, the CBO has historically issued credible forecasts of the effects of both Democratic and Republican legislative proposals."
Garnette Sutherland
Garnette Roy Sutherland FRCSC, is a Canadian neurosurgeon and professor of neurosurgery (clinical neurosciences) at the University of Calgary. He is known for his research into MRI technology, such as intraoperative MRI, and the NeuroArm robotic system.

He graduated from the University of Manitoba, with a Bachelors of Science in Chemistry, in 1974, and an M.D degree in 1978. Later, going on to do a neurosurgery residency under Charles George Drake at the University of Western Ontario.

Sutherland is current serves as a Professor at the University of Calgary in their department of Neurosciences.

Intraoperative MRI
Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is an operating room configuration that enables surgeons to image the patient via an MRI scanner while the patient is undergoing surgery, particularly brain surgery. iMRI reduces the risk of damaging critical parts of the brain and helps confirm that the surgery was successful or if additional resection is needed before the patient's head is closed and the surgery completed.
Bluegrass Stakes
The Bluegrass Stakes is a  Standardbred harness race for two-year-old colt and gelding trotters run annually over The Red Mile at Lexington, Kentucky. Due to a large number of entrants, the 2016 race was divided into five divisions, each with a purse of $66,000.

There is also a Bluegrass Stakes for two-year-old trotting fillies.

Harness racing
Harness racing is a form of horse racing in which the horses race at a specific gait (a trot or a pace). They usually pull a two-wheeled cart called a sulky, spider, or chariot occupied by a driver. In Europe, and less frequently in Australia and New Zealand, races with jockeys riding directly on saddled trotters (trot monté in French) are also conducted.
Champasak Palace
Champasak Palace, in Pakse, Laos, was intended to be a residence of the last Prince of Champasak, Chao Boun Oum. However, he had to abandon it in 1974 before it was finished, as the Royal Lao government was overthrown by the communist Pathet Lao. After the revolution, the building was completed and served as a venue for the communist party congresses and accommodation for visiting dignitaries. The palace was converted into a hotel in 1995 after a Thai company succeeded in its negotiations with the Laotian government.

Boun Oum
Prince Boun Oum (also Prince Boun Oum Na Champassak; Lao: ບຸນອຸ້ມ ນະ ຈຳປາສັກ; Thai: บุญอุ้ม ณ จัมปาศักดิ์; RTGS: Bun-um Na Champasak; 2 December 1911 – 17 March 1980) was the son of King Ratsadanay, and was the hereditary prince of Champassak and also Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Laos from March 1948 to February 1950 and again from December 1960 to June 1962.
Jiuziguangchang station
Jiuziguangchang station (Chinese: 鸠兹广场站; lit. 'Jiuzi Square station') is a monorail interchange station in Jinghu District, Wuhu, Anhui, China. It is an interchange between Line 1 and Line 2 of Wuhu Rail Transit.

The station opened with line 1 on 3 November 2021. Line 2 opened on 28 December 2021, turning the station into an interchange.

Jiuziguangchang station is located in an affluent and heavily trafficked area of Wuhu city center, adjacent to Anhui Normal University Zheshan Campus, Zhongshan Road Pedestrian Street and other commercial facilities. The station is the only transfer station for Wuhu Rail Transit Line 1 and Line 2, so it has become the busiest station in Wuhu Rail Transit System.

Wuhu Rail Transit
Wuhu Rail Transit is a two-line monorail rapid transit system in Wuhu, Anhui, China. Both lines use Bombardier Innovia Monorail 300 trains manufactured under a joint venture with CRRC. Line 1 opened on 3 November 2021, with Line 2 opening on 28 December 2021.
Vastseliina Castle
Vastseliina Castle (Estonian: Vastseliina piiskopilinnus; German: Neuhausen) was a castle of the Livonian Order, Bishopric of Dorpat. It was constructed by 1342 by the Landmeister Burkhard von Dreileben as part of the border fortifications of Old Livonia against Novgorod, Pskov and later Moscow.

Nowadays the ruins of the castle are located near Vastseliina (in the village of Vana-Vastseliina), Võru Parish, Võru County, Estonia.

Pskov
Pskov (Russian: Псков, IPA: [ˈpskof] ⓘ; see also names in other languages) is a city in northwestern Russia and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, located about 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River. Population: 193,082 (2021 census); 203,279 (2010 census); 202,780 (2002 census); 203,789 (1989 Soviet census).

Pskov is one of the oldest cities in Russia. During the Middle Ages, it served as the capital of the Pskov Republic and was a trading post of the Hanseatic League before it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow and became an important border fortress in the Tsardom of Russia.
Matumbi Highlands
The Matumbi Highlands or Matumbi Hills is a major highland of southern Tanzania, extending from southern Pwani Region to northern Kilwa District of Lindi Region. The Matumbi highlands are named after the peoples that were the original inhabitants of the area, the Matumbi people. The average elevation of the highlands is 442m. The highlands are located in Kibata, Kipatimu, Chumo, Kinjumbi and Mingumbi wards of Kilwa District. In Pwani Region the highlands are found in Mbwara and Chumbi wards. The highlands are the location of Nan'goma Cave system.

Nan'goma Cave
Nan'goma Cave (or Nandembo) is a cave system located in Kipatimu and Kibata ward of Kilwa District in Lindi Region of Tanzania.

With 7510m of surveyed underground passages, it is the longest cave in Tanzania.
Salut drapeau!
Salut drapeau! (Hail to the Flag!), also known as Hymne Pour Le "Salut Drapeau", 
is an incidental music piece composed in November 1891 by Erik Satie for the historical  drama Le Prince du Byzance by Joséphin Péladan. One of the more eccentric works of Satie's "Rosicrucian" period (1891–1895), it was the first example of his "static sound décor" approach to theatre music. The score went unperformed in his lifetime and was not published until 1968. Its duration is roughly four minutes.

Satie alternately set Péladan's text for organ and a unison chorus of female voices, or for solo vocalist with piano accompaniment. Live performances and recordings have opted for the latter. He was also said to have composed a Prelude for the play, but it was either lost or never started.

Joséphin Péladan
Joséphin Péladan (28 March 1858 – 27 June 1918) was a French novelist and Rosicrucian who later briefly joined the Martinist order led by Papus (Gérard Encausse).  His father was a journalist who had written on prophecies, and professed an esoteric-aesthetic form of Rosicrucianism and universalist Catholicism. He established the Salon de la Rose + Croix for painters, writers, and musicians sharing his artistic ideals, the Symbolists in particular.
Ṭhē
Ṭhē is an additional letter of the Arabic script. It has the basic shape of tāʼ (ت‎), but with vertical dots, rather than horizontal. It is not used in the Arabic alphabet itself, but is used to represent an aspirated [ʈʰ] in Sindhi, a language mainly spoken in Pakistan. Its Latin description is ṭh, or sometimes t́h.

In an older version of the script, the ٽ‎ was used instead of ٺ‎ and vice versa.

Sindhi is also written in Devanagari, where the corresponding letter is ठ.

The letter is encoded in the Arabic Unicode block as Tteheh at U+067A.

Vertical and horizontal
In astronomy, geography and related sciences and contexts, an orientation or plane passing by a given point is said to be vertical if it contains the local gravity direction at that point.

Conversely, a orientation, plane or surface is said to be horizontal (or leveled) if it is everywhere perpendicular to the vertical orientation.

More generally, something that is vertical can be drawn from "up" to "down" (or down to up), such as the y-axis in the Cartesian coordinate system.
Ortsgruppenleiter
Ortsgruppenleiter (Local Group Leader) was a Nazi Party political rank and title which existed between 1930 and 1945.  The term first came into being during the German elections of 1930, and was held by the head Nazi of a town or city, or in larger cities, of a neighbourhood, for the purposes of election district organization.  After 1933, through the process of Gleichschaltung, the position of Ortsgruppenleiter evolved into the Nazi leader of a large town or city or of a city district.

Gleichschaltung
In Nazi terminology, Gleichschaltung (German pronunciation: [ˈɡlaɪçʃaltʊŋ] ⓘ), meaning 'synchronization' or 'coordination', was the process of Nazification by which Adolf Hitler—leader of the Nazi Party in Germany—established a system of totalitarian control and coordination over all aspects of German society "from the economy and trade associations to the media, culture and education".

Although the Weimar Constitution remained nominally in effect throughout Hitler's dictatorship, near total Nazification was achieved by 1935 with the resolutions approved during that year's Nuremberg Rally, fusing the symbols of the party and the state (see Flag of Nazi Germany) and depriving German Jews of their citizenship (see Nuremberg Laws). The tenets of Gleichschaltung, including the Nuremberg Laws, also applied to territories occupied by the German Reich.
Ila tram stop
Ila, formerly Ilevolden, is a tram stop on the Trondheim Tramway, located at Ila, Trondheim in Trondheim, Norway. It was the original terminus of Ilalinjen, the first tramway and opened in 1901. In 1924 it also became a stop for the private Gråkallbanen that ran to Lian.

The station featured at first a loop around the park it served, but it was later changed to a turning triangle. It was the terminus for Line 1 of Trondheim Sporvei until 1971 when it was merged with A/S Graakalbanen and Line 1 was extended to Lian. The stop is also a stop for bus lines 5 and 8, as well as for buses heading to Trolla and Fosen. The stop primarily serves the residential areas at Ila.

Trondheim Sporvei
Trondheim Sporvei was a municipally owned tram operator in Trondheim, Norway that existed between 1936 and 1974. The company operated the municipal parts of the Trondheim Tramway until it was merged with A/S Graakalbanen and Trondheim Bilruter to create Trondheim Trafikkselskap. That company has become part of Nettbuss,  the largest Norwegian bus company in Norway which is owned by Norwegian State Railways (Norges Statsbaner AS).
Ashley Wallen
Ashley Wallen is an Australian choreographer and has worked with stars such as the Sugababes, Kylie Minogue, Will Young and Mariah Carey.

He was the resident dance captain on The X Factor and appeared as a panelist for Arlene Phillips on BBC One's DanceX. He also choreographed the 2011 UK version of Ghost the Musical.

He was most recently the choreographer for Minogue's Golden Tour, after previously choreographing her Kiss Me Once Tour.  During Minogue's Golden era, Wallen also delivered a dance class for competition winners to learn the dance moves to "Dancing", and dance with Minogue herself.

He also choreographed the 2017 Fox movie The Greatest Showman, starring Hugh Jackman, the 2020 Netflix movie Jingle Jangle: A Christmas Journey, starring Forest Whitaker, and the 2021 movie Cinderella for Amazon Prime.

Arlene Phillips
Dame Arlene Phillips DBE (born 22 May 1943) is an English choreographer, theatre director, talent scout, former television judge, presenter, and dancer. She reached mainstream fame on television as a judge on Strictly Come Dancing (2004-2008) and So You Think You Can Dance (2010-2011). She has also achieved success as a stage choreographer on musicals including Starlight Express (1987), Grease (1993 and 2022), Saturday Night Fever (1998), and Guys and Dolls (2023).
Ring of symmetric functions
In algebra and in particular in algebraic combinatorics, the ring of symmetric functions is a specific limit of the rings of symmetric polynomials in n indeterminates, as n goes to infinity. This ring serves as universal structure in which relations between symmetric polynomials can be expressed in a way independent of the number n of indeterminates (but its elements are neither polynomials nor functions). Among other things, this ring plays an important role in the representation theory of the symmetric group.

The ring of symmetric functions can be given a coproduct and a bilinear form making it into a positive selfadjoint graded Hopf algebra that is both commutative and cocommutative.

Bilinear form
In mathematics, a bilinear form is a bilinear map V × V → K on a vector space V (the elements of which are called vectors) over a field K (the elements of which are called scalars). In other words, a bilinear form is a function B : V × V → K that is linear in each argument separately:

B(u + v, w) = B(u, w) + B(v, w)     and     B(λu, v) = λB(u, v)

B(u, v + w) = B(u, v) + B(u, w)     and     B(u, λv) = λB(u, v)

The dot product on  is an example of a bilinear form which is also an inner product. An example of a bilinear form that is not an inner product would be the four-vector product.

The definition of a bilinear form can be extended to include modules over a ring, with linear maps replaced by module homomorphisms.

When K is the field of complex numbers C, one is often more interested in sesquilinear forms, which are similar to bilinear forms but are conjugate linear in one argument.
Gilbert White (painter)
Thomas Gilbert White (July 18, 1877 – February 17, 1939) was an American painter, now best remembered for his murals. His brothers Stewart Edward White and Roderick White also achieved acclaim, as author and violinist, respectively.

White was born in Grand Haven, Michigan, and died in Paris. He studied at Columbia University and the Art Students League of New York, and at the Académie Julian and the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris with James McNeill Whistler. His work graces the state capitols of Kentucky, Oklahoma, and Utah; the County Courthouse in New Haven, Connecticut and Gadsden, Alabama; and the Pan American Union Building in Washington, D.C. He received numerous awards, among them the Commander de la Legion d’Honneur, Officier de l’Académie française, and the Order of the Purple Heart.

Académie Julian
The Académie Julian (French pronunciation: [akademi ʒyljɑ̃]) was a private art school for painting and sculpture founded in Paris, France, in 1867 by French painter and teacher Rodolphe Julian (1839–1907). The school was active from 1868 through 1968. It remained famous for the number and quality of artists who attended during a great period of effervescence in the arts in the early twentieth century. After 1968, it integrated with the École supérieure de design, d'art graphique et d'architecture intérieure
(ESAG) Penninghen.
Hoody Hooo
"Hoody Hooo" is the first single from TRU's 1999 album Da Crime Family, and released on No Limit Records. The single was written by Master P, Silkk The Shocker, and C-Murder, and produced by then-WNBA athlete Chantel Tremitiere and Beats By the Pound's KLC. The song peaked at #31 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks.

Master P
Percy Robert Miller (born April 29, 1970), better known by his stage name Master P, is an American rapper, actor, and entrepreneur. He founded No Limit Records in 1991, which was relaunched into the spin-off labels New No Limit Records and No Limit Forever Records. Miller gained fame in the mid-1990s as a member of the label's hip hop group TRU,and 504 Boyz as well as his fifth solo album, Ice Cream Man (1996), and its namesake lead single. His 1997 single, "Make 'Em Say Uhh!" received platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

In total, Miller has released 15 studio albums.