hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scythemen
Scythemen, also known as scythe-bearers is the term for soldiers (often peasants and townspeople) armed with war scythes. First appearing in the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794, scythemen quickly became one of the symbols of the struggle for Polish independence and for the emancipation of the serfs.

History of Poland (1795–1918)
From 1795 to 1918, Poland was split between Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and Russia and had no independent existence. In 1795 the third and the last of the three 18th-century partitions of Poland ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Nevertheless, events both within and outside the Polish lands kept hopes for restoration of Polish independence alive throughout the 19th century. Poland's geopolitical location on the Northern European Lowlands became especially important in a period when its expansionist neighbors, the Kingdom of Prussia and Imperial Russia, involved themselves intensely in European rivalries and alliances as modern nation-states took form over the entire continent.
2019 National Hurling League
The 2019 National Hurling League is the 88th season of the National Hurling League for county teams.

Kilkenny were the defending champions, having won the 2018 league.

The GAA announced a new broadcast agreement on 10 January 2019 that runs from 2019 until 2022. Eir Sport and RTÉ provide live TV coverage of the league on Saturday nights. TG4 broadcast Sunday afternoon games. The highlights programmes are RTÉ2's League Sunday on Sunday evenings, TG4's GAA 2019 on Monday evenings and Eir Sport's Allianz Leagues Reloaded on Wednesday evenings.

Limerick won their first league title since 1997 after a 1-24 to 0-19 win against Waterford in the final on 31 March.

RTÉ2
RTÉ2 (formerly known as Network 2, N2 and RTÉ Two) is an Irish free-to-air television channel owned and operated by RTÉ. It was launched on 2 November 1978 as Ireland's second television channel, at which point the pre-existing channel was renamed RTÉ 1 (currently RTÉ One).
The channel airs content aimed at 16-45 year-olds.
Battle of Svistov
The Battle of Svishtov took place during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. It was fought between the Ottoman Empire and Imperial Russia on 26 June 1877. It occurred when Russian general Mikhail Ivanovich Dragomirov crossed the Danube River in a fleet of small boats and attacked the Turkish fortress. The next day, Mikhail Skobelev attacked, forcing the Turkish garrison to surrender. In result, the Russian military became ready to attack Nikopol.

Mikhail Skobelev
Mikhail Dmitriyevich Skobelev (Russian: Михаил Дмитриевич Скобелев; 29 September 1843 – 7 July 1882) was a Russian general became famous for his conquest of Central Asia and for his heroism during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. Dressed in a white uniform and mounted on a white horse, and always in the thickest of the fray, he was known and adored by his soldiers as the "White General", and by the Turks as the "White Pasha". During a campaign in Khiva, his Turkmen opponents called him goz ganly or "Bloody Eyes".

British field marshal Bernard Montgomery assessed Skobelev as the world's "ablest single commander" between 1870 and 1914, and wrote of his "skilful and inspiring" leadership. Francis Vinton Greene also rated Skobelev highly.
2021 Rolex Paris Masters
The 2021 Rolex Paris Masters was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 49th edition of the tournament, and a Masters 1000 event on the 2021 ATP Tour. It was held at the Palais omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France, between 1 and 7 November 2021.

Accor Arena
Accor Arena (originally known as the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy), also known as Bercy Arena, is an indoor sports arena and concert hall in Paris, France. It lies in the neighbourhood of Bercy, on the Boulevard de Bercy, in the 12th arrondissement of Paris. The closest Paris Métro station is Bercy, which also serves the Finance Ministry.

Designed by the architectural firm Andrault-Parat, Jean Prouvé and Aydin Guvan, the pyramidal arena's sloping walls are covered with a lawn. It can seat 7,000 to 20,300 people, depending on the event.

The arena was renamed Bercy Arena after renovations on 1 January 2015, AccorHotels Arena in October 2015, and given its current name in June 2020.

Since 1985, the arena hosts the annual Festival des Arts Martiaux. The 38th Festival des Arts Martiaux was held in March 2025.
Piz Ault
Piz Ault is a mountain of the Glarus Alps, located south of the Oberalpstock in Switzerland.

Three ridges lead to the peak with a fourth one not very distinct to the south. The frontier between the Canton of Uri and the Canton of Graubünden lies on the eastern and the northern ridge, making it a three-quarter Graubünden mountain. The municipalities are Disentis and Sedrun on the south and Silenen to the northeast. There is no path leading onto the peak for hikers. In winter time the area is accessible by a T-Bar ski lift which reaches up to some 200 meters (660 ft) under its peak in its southwestern face. The ski resort is accessible from Disentis, lying south of Piz Ault in the State (Canton) of Graubünden.

Ski lift
A ski lift is a mechanism for transporting skiers up a hill. Ski lifts are typically a paid service at ski resorts. The first ski lift was built in 1908 by German Robert Winterhalder in Schollach/Eisenbach, Hochschwarzwald.
Quiet Resolve
Quiet Resolve (1995–2007) was a Canadian Thoroughbred racehorse foaled in Ontario who was voted the 2000 Canadian Horse of the Year. 
A turf specialist, the son of U.S. Triple Crown Champion Affirmed set a new track record for 8.5 furlongs at Keeneland Race Course. In his 2000 Champion season, Quiet Resolve won races in Canada and the United States  and ran second to Kalanisi in the 2000 Breeders' Cup Turf at Churchill Downs.

Quiet Resolve was retired in October 2002 following a training injury. He had to be  euthanized on February 1, 2007, after colic surgery at the Ontario Veterinary College hospital at the University of Guelph. He was buried at Sam-Son Farm near Milton, Ontario. In 2017, Quiet Resolve was posthumously inducted into the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame.

Canadian Horse of the Year
The Canadian Horse of the Year is a thoroughbred horse racing honour given annually since 1951 by the Jockey Club of Canada. It is the most prestigious honour in Canadian thoroughbred horse racing.

Part of the Sovereign Awards program since 1975, it is similar to the Eclipse Award for American Horse of the Year honours given in the United States.

The original eligibility rules stipulated that the winner be a Canadian-bred horse that did its "best running" in Canada. In 1964, the rule was altered for Northern Dancer, who was a Canadian-bred but whose most notable wins came in the United States when he won the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes. Eventually the requirement that the horse be a Canadian-bred was also dropped. The current rules simply require that the horse have raced at least three times in Canada during the given year (two times for two-year-olds).
Aprilia SL 750 Shiver
The Aprilia Shiver 750 is a standard motorcycle manufactured by Italian manufacturer Aprilia. The motorcycle incorporates the first Ride by Wire Technology on a production motorcycle and a 90° V-twin engine.

The Shiver is also available as a partially faired option known as the Shiver 750 GT, which was launched in 2009.  
The instrument panel features comprehensive gauges including a gear indicator.  The 'Ride by Wire' electronic throttle has three available power settings, referred to as Sport, Touring and Rain.  Sport mode is normal, with maximum power and torque; Touring mode scales back the responsiveness; Rain mode reduces torque by 25%.

Torque
In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational correspondent of linear force. It is also referred to as the moment of force, or simply the moment. Just as a linear force is a push or a pull applied to a body, a torque can be thought of as a twist applied to an object with respect to a chosen axis. For example, driving a screw uses torque to force it into an object. The torque is applied by the screwdriver, rotating around its axis, to the drive on the head of the screw.

Torque is generally referred to using different vocabulary depending on geographical location and field of study, with torque generally being associated with physics and moment being associated with engineering. This article follows the definition used in US physics in its usage of the word torque.

Torque is typically represented mathematically using  the lowercase Greek letter tau (). When being referred to as moment of force, it is commonly denoted by M.
Ignacy Ścibor Marchocki
Ignacy Ścibor Marchocki (1755–1827) of the Clan of Ostoja was a Polish noble, famous in the first quarter of the nineteenth century. Ścibor Marchocki proclaimed his estates in Podolia as an independent state and installed pillars on its borders with name plates that identified that this was “The border of Minkowce state”. He was a benefactor for his peasants; he liberated them from serfdom and was concerned about their household improvement. His eccentricity, especially the introduction of pagan feasts, drew attention and Marchocki was convicted and imprisoned.

Princely houses of Poland and Lithuania
The princely houses of Poland and Lithuania differed from other princely houses in Europe. The Polish and Lithuanian nobility (szlachta) could not be granted noble titles by the King in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as hereditary titles, with some exceptions, were largely forbidden. Therefore, the title of prince either dated to the times before the Union of Lublin, which created the Commonwealth in 1569, or was granted to some nobles (usually magnates) by foreign kings. Due to the longstanding history of common statehood, some noble families often described as "Polish" actually originated in Grand Duchy of Lithuania and are of Lithuanian or Ruthenian descent.
Sone (surname)
Sone (曽根, 素根, 曾禰) pronounced [sone] is a Japanese surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Akira Sone (素根 輝, born 2000), Japanese judoka

Arasuke Sone (曾禰 荒助, 1849–1910), Japanese politician

Chūsei Sone (曽根 中生, 1937–2014), Japanese film director

Dokan Sone (曽根 道貫, 1914–1992), Japanese gymnast

Gal Sone (ギャル 曽根, born 1985), Japanese competitive eater and singer

Kenichi Sone (曽根 健一, c. 1909–1946), Japanese internment camp commander and war criminal

Koji Sone (曽根 康治, 1928–1981), Japanese judoka

Mikiko Sone (曽根 幹子, born 1952), Japanese athlete

Monica Sone (1919–2011), Japanese-American writer

Nanami Sone (born 1999), Japanese football player

Yasuo Sone (born 1950), Japanese professional golfer

Yoshitada Sone (曾禰 好忠, birth and death date unknown), Japanese waka poet

Yutaka Sone (曽根 裕, born 1965), Japanese contemporary artist

Akira Sone
Akira Sone (素根 輝, Sone Akira; born 9 July 2000) is a Japanese judoka. She won the gold medal in the Women's +78 kg event at the 2020 Summer Olympics and a silver medal with the Japanese team in the mixed team event at both the 2020 and 2024 Summer Olympics. She is also a two-time world champion in her weight category. Sone's favorite techniques are Tai Otoshi and Ouchi Gari.
3CLpro-1
3CLpro-1 is an antiviral drug related to rupintrivir which acts as a 3CL protease inhibitor and was originally developed for the treatment of human enterovirus 71. It is one of the most potent of a large series of compounds developed as inhibitors of the viral enzyme 3CL protease, with an in vitro IC50 of 200 nM. It also shows activity against coronavirus diseases such as SARS and MERS, and is under investigation as a potential treatment agent for the viral disease COVID-19.

Molar concentration
Molar concentration (also called amount-of-substance concentration or molarity) is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Specifically, it is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, in particular, of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance per unit volume of solution. In chemistry, the most commonly used unit for molarity is the number of moles per liter, having the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm3 (1000 mol/m3) in SI units. Molar concentration is often depicted with square brackets around the substance of interest; for example, the molarity of the hydronium ion is denoted as [H3O+].
Reide
The Reide (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪdə]) is a stream in the districts of Saalekreis and Halle (Saale) in the German state Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is a tributary of the White Elster, which it joins south of Halle.

Saalekreis
Saalekreis is a district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The district seat is Merseburg. Its area is 1,434.2 km2 (553.7 sq mi). It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts Kyffhäuserkreis (Thuringia), Mansfeld-Südharz, Salzlandkreis, Anhalt-Bitterfeld, Nordsachsen, Leipzig (both Saxony) and Burgenlandkreis. The district-free city of Halle is surrounded by the Saalekreis.
Lyapunov
Lyapunov (Russian: Ляпунов, in old-Russian often written Лепунов) is a Russian surname that is sometimes also romanized as Ljapunov, Liapunov or Ljapunow. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexey Lyapunov (1911–1973), Russian mathematician

Aleksandr Lyapunov (1857–1918), son of Mikhail (1820–1868), Russian mathematician and mechanician, after whom the following are named:
Lyapunov dimension
Lyapunov equation
Lyapunov exponent
Lyapunov function
Lyapunov fractal
Lyapunov stability
Lyapunov's central limit theorem
Lyapunov time
Lyapunov vector
Lyapunov (crater)

Boris Lyapunov (1862–1943), son of Mikhail (1820–1868), Russian expert in Slavic studies

Mikhail Lyapunov (1820–1868), Russian astronomer

Mikhail Nikolaevich Lyapunov (1848–1909), Russian military officer and lawyer

Prokopy Lyapunov (d. 1611), Russian statesman

Sergei Lyapunov (1859–1924), son of Mikhail (1820–1868), Russian composer

Zakhary Lyapunov (d. after 1612), Russian statesman, Prokopy Lyapunov's brother

Mikhail Lyapunov
Mikhail Vasilyevich Lyapunov (12 October [O.S. 30 September] 1820 – 2 December [O.S. 20 November] 1868) was a Russian astronomer and a head of the Demidov Lyceum in Yaroslavl.

He was the father of Aleksandr and Sergei Lyapunov.
Harp Concerto (Higdon)
The Harp Concerto is a composition for harp and orchestra by the American composer Jennifer Higdon. It was commissioned by the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra, Harrisburg Symphony Orchestra, Baton Rouge Symphony Orchestra, Fargo-Moorhead Symphony Orchestra, Lansing Symphony Orchestra, and the Oklahoma City Philharmonic. The work was completed in early 2018 and was given its world premiere at the Eastman Theatre in Rochester, New York, by the harpist Yolanda Kondonassis and the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra under the conductor Ward Stare on May 10, 2018. The piece is dedicated to Yolanda Kondonassis.

Ward Stare
Ward Stare (Born August 27, 1982) is an American conductor.  Stare was the Music Director of the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra from 2014 until 2021 and was also the Resident Conductor of the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra from 2008 to 2012.  Stare is currently active as a guest conductor both domestically within the United States as well as internationally. In addition Stare currently holds a position as a Distinguished Artist at the Robert McDuffie Center for Strings at Mercer University in Macon, Georgia.
October 1946 French constitutional referendum in Dahomey and Togo
A constitutional referendum was held in Dahomey (now Benin) and French Togoland on 13 October 1946 as part of the wider French constitutional referendum. The new proposed new constitution was rejected by 73% of voters, with a turnout of 47%. However, the constitution was approved by a majority of voters in the overall results.

French Togoland
French Togoland (French: Togo français) was a French colonial League of Nations mandate from 1916 to 1946, and a UN trust territory from 1946 to 1960 in French West Africa. In 1960 it became the independent Togolese Republic.
Nile Delta flooded savanna
The Nile Delta flooded savanna, ecoregion (WWF ID: PA0904) covers both the Nile Delta proper, where the Nile River enters the Mediterranean Sea, as well as the river floodplains of the Nile 1,100 kilometres (680 mi) up-river to the Aswan Dam.  Since the Aswan Dam was completed in the 1970s, the Nile on this stretch has not been subject to annual flooding, leading the loss of much of the papyrus sedge (Cyperus papyrus) swamps and other marshes along the river.

Cyperus papyrus
Cyperus papyrus, better known by the common names papyrus sedge, papyrus, paper reed, Indian matting plant, or Nile grass, is a species of aquatic flowering plant belonging to the sedge family Cyperaceae. It is a tender herbaceous perennial, forming tall stands of reed-like swamp vegetation in shallow water.

In nature, it grows in full sun, in flooded swamps, and on lake margins throughout Africa (where it is native), Madagascar, and the Mediterranean region. It has been introduced to tropical regions worldwide, such as the Indian subcontinent, South America, and the Caribbean.

Along with its close relatives, papyrus sedge has a very long history of use by humans, notably by the Ancient Egyptians (as it is the source of papyrus paper, one of the first types of paper ever made). Parts of the plant can be eaten, and the highly buoyant stems can be made into boats. It is now often cultivated as an ornamental plant.
Saline Island
Saline Island is a small, 64 acre islet between Grenada and Carriacou (Grenadines). It is located next to Frigate Island. There is a single watchman living in a 2 bedroom house. The island contains a large salt pond and has a wildlife population consisting of wild goats, sea turtles, and birds. The remains of an ancient lime kiln are also on the island.

Lime kiln
A lime kiln is a kiln used for the calcination of limestone (calcium carbonate) to produce the form of lime called quicklime (calcium oxide). The chemical equation for this reaction is: CaCO3 + heat → CaO + CO2

This reaction can take place at anywhere above 840 °C (1,540 °F), but is generally considered to occur at 900 °C (1,650 °F) (at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 1 atmosphere), but a temperature around 1,000 °C (1,830 °F) (at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 3.8 atmospheres) is usually used to make the reaction proceed quickly. Excessive temperature is avoided because it produces unreactive, "dead-burned" lime.

Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) can be formed by mixing quicklime with water.
Abena Oduro
Abena Frempongmaa Daagye Oduro (born 10 February 1959) is the Vice Dean of the Faculty of Social Science at the University of Ghana where she also holds the position of Associate Professor of the Department of Economics. Having had 30 years of experience teaching, her areas of specialization are centred around gender and asset management, international economics, poverty analysis, macroeconomic theory and trade policy. Abena Oduro is the first Vice President of the Association for the Advancement of African Women Economists (AAAWE) where Professor of Economics in University of Kansas, Elizabeth Asiedu, is the founder and president. She is also the president elect of the International Association for Feminist Economics (IAFFE), her tenure will be 2021 to 2022.

Elizabeth Asiedu
Elizabeth Asiedu is a professor of economics at Howard University and a former professor at the University of Kansas. She has facilitated research that is centered around foreign aid, foreign directed investment (FDI), and gender. She is a founder of the Association for the Advancement of African Women (AAAWE), as well as the current president of the organization. Asiedu is an editor of the Journal of African Development.
Unguis odoratus
Unguis odoratus, is a Latin term that refers to a traditional incense ingredient used in many cultures derived from opercula of certain gastropods (slugs and  snails). Translated it means: unguis, a noun meaning nail, claw, or fang, and odoratus an adjective meaning fragrant or perfumed.
These opercula were used in medicine and perfumery.
. Caught in the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulf, these shells, thought to have come from Byzantium, reached Europe through the spice trade.

Byzantium
Byzantium (/bɪˈzæntiəm, -ʃəm/) or Byzantion (Ancient Greek: Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul in modern times. The Greek name Byzantion and its Latinization Byzantium continued to be used as a name of Constantinople sporadically and to varying degrees during the thousand-year existence of the Eastern Roman Empire, which also became known by the former name of the city as the Byzantine Empire. Byzantium was colonized by Greeks from Megara in the 7th century BCE and remained primarily Greek-speaking until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire in 1453 CE.
Lavey GFC (Cavan)
Lavey are a Gaelic football club from County Cavan in Ireland. They are affiliated with Cavan GAA. The parish of Lavey (formerly also transcribed as "Lavay" or "Lowey"; from the Gaelic "Leamhach", a place producing elm trees") is in the barony of Upper Loughtee, County Cavan, between Stradone and Ballyjamesduff, near Virginia.

Loughtee Upper
Loughtee Upper (Irish: Lucht Tí Uachtarach), or Upper Loughtee, is a barony in County Cavan, Ireland. Baronies were mainly cadastral rather than administrative units. They acquired modest local taxation and spending functions in the 19th century before being superseded by the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898.
Philippines at the 2019 World Beach Games
The Philippines  competed at the inaugural World Beach Games in Doha, Qatar from 10 to 12 October 2019. The country was represented by two athletes in two sports; aquathlete Claire Adorna and skateboarder Jericho Francisco. They were accompanied by four officials with Tom Carrasco as the delegation's chef de mission.

Aquathlon
An aquathlon is a multisport race consisting of continuous run and swim elements. Competitors complete a swim immediately followed by a run over various distances. Athletes compete for fastest overall course completion, including the time transitioning between the disciplines.

Aquathlon is one of a family of endurance based multisport races, which gained popularity from triathlon and various independent races in the second half of the twentieth century. Modern aquathlon is viewed as a discipline of triathlon as standard races cover the same distances as triathlon but without the cycling leg. As such the sport is governed by International Triathlon Union who organise the world championships each year.
Malin (surname)
Malin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Malin, Liechtenstein footballer

David Malin, British-Australian astronomer and photographer

Edward Malin, British actor

Jesse Malin, front-man for New York City hardcore band Heart Attack

Joanne Malin, British TV journalist

Marilyn Malin (1935 or 1936 to 2022), British literary agent, editor and publisher

Markus Malin, Finnish snowboarder

Michael C. Malin, American astronomer and space scientist

Markus Malin
Markus Malin (born 28 May 1987) is a Finnish snowboarder. He is a two-time Olympian; representing Finland in the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyongchang and the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. At both Olympics, Markus competed in halfpipe, finishing 11th in 2010 and 19th in 2018. Malin won the bronze medal at a 2008–09 World Cup event at Stoneham Mountain Resort in the halfpipe.  He also won bronze at the 2010 Canadian Open, a tune-up for the Olympics.

Malin is also a constant competitor at events of the Swatch TTR World Snowboard Tour. After finishing the 08/09 season already in the Top 10 of the Tour, he ended the 09/10 season in World No. 3 of the world ranking list thanks to some good results like a third place at the 5Star Burton Canadian Open and a fourth-place finish at the 6Star O'Neill Evolution and the 6Star Burton US Open.