hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of cheesemaking in Wisconsin
Commercial cheesemaking in Wisconsin dates back to the nineteenth century. Early cheesemaking operations began on farmsteads in the Michigan and Wisconsin territories, with large-scale production starting in the mid-1800s. Wisconsin became the largest producer of cheese in the United States in the early 1900s, and in 2019 produced 3.36 billion pounds of cheese in more than 600 varieties, accounting for 27% of all cheese made in the country that year. Several cheese varieties originated in Wisconsin, including colby, brick, and cold pack.

Wisconsin Territory
The Territory of Wisconsin was an organized and incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 3, 1836, until May 29, 1848, when an eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Wisconsin. Belmont was initially chosen as the capital of the territory. In 1837, the territorial legislature met in Burlington, just north of the Skunk River on the Mississippi, which became part of the Iowa Territory in 1838. In that year, 1838, the territorial capital of Wisconsin was moved to Madison.
211 Isolda
211 Isolda is a very large, dark main-belt asteroid. It is classified as a C-type asteroid and is probably composed of primitive carbonaceous material. The spectra of the asteroid displays evidence of aqueous alteration.

It was discovered by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa on 10 December 1879, in Pola, and is possibly named after Isolde, heroine of the legend of Tristan and Iseult.

In 2001, the asteroid was detected by radar from the Arecibo Observatory at a distance of 1.78 AU. The resulting data yielded an effective diameter of 143 ± 16 km.

Between 2009 and 2022, 211 Isolda has been observed to occult seven stars.

Occultation
An occultation is an event that occurs when one object is hidden from the observer by another object that passes between them. The term is often used in astronomy, but can also refer to any situation in which an object in the foreground blocks from view (occults) an object in the background. In this general sense, occultation applies to the visual scene observed from low-flying aircraft (or computer-generated imagery) when foreground objects obscure distant objects dynamically, as the scene changes over time.

If the closer body does not entirely conceal the farther one, the event is called a transit. Both transit and occultation may be referred to generally as occlusion; and if a shadow is cast onto the observer, it is called an eclipse.

The symbol for an occultation, and especially a solar eclipse, is  (U+1F775 🝵).
1980 Norwegian Football Cup final
The 1980 Norwegian Football Cup final was the final match of the 1980 Norwegian Football Cup, the 75th season of the Norwegian Football Cup, the premier Norwegian football cup competition organized by the Football Association of Norway (NFF). The match was played on 26 October 1980 at the Ullevaal Stadion in Oslo, and opposed two First Division sides Vålerengen and Lillestrøm. Vålerengen defeated Lillestrøm 4–1 to claim the Norwegian Cup for a first time in their history.

Norwegian Football Federation
The Norwegian Football Federation (Bokmål: Norges Fotballforbund, Nynorsk: Noregs Fotballforbund; NFF) is the governing body of football in Norway. It was formed in 1902 and organises the men's and women's national teams, as well as the league systems for men and women (whose top levels are respectively the Eliteserien and Toppserien). The current president of NFF is Lise Klaveness. By 1 January 2004, there were 1,814 clubs organized in Norway and 373,532 registered players. It is the largest sports federation in Norway.

The NFF joined FIFA in 1908, and UEFA in 1954.

The NFF was part of an unsuccessful joint bid with the SvFF, the DBU and the SPL to host the UEFA Euro 2008 championship. The SvFF invited the NFF to join them in bidding for the UEFA Euro 2016 championship. The NFF and Norwegian politicians expressed support for such a proposal, but Euro 2016 was eventually awarded to France.
Joey Woody
Joey Woody (born May 22, 1973, in Iowa City, Iowa) is an American track and field athlete in the 400 meter hurdles event.

Woody attended Iowa City High School and the University of Northern Iowa, where he was the 1997 NCAA champion in the 400 m hurdles.  Woody placed third in the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships and qualified for the 1997 World Championships in Athens. In the 1999 World Championships in Seville, he improved to sixth place. In the 2000 US Olympic Trials, he placed fourth, therefore just missed qualifying for the 2000 Olympics. He again just missed qualifying for the 2004 Olympics.

Woody qualified for the 2003 World Championships in Paris and made it to the finals, winning the silver medal behind 2001 World Champion Félix Sánchez. This was the largest success of his running career.

Woody is now the Director of Track and Field and Cross Country at the University of Iowa.

University of Northern Iowa
The University of Northern Iowa (UNI) is a public university in Cedar Falls, Iowa, United States. UNI offers more than 90 majors across five colleges. The fall 2025 total enrollment was 9,204 students.

The university was initially founded in 1876 as the Iowa State Normal School with the purpose of training school teachers and educators. The University of Northern Iowa is one of three public universities in Iowa, all of which are governed by the Iowa Board of Regents.
Ei mechanism
In organic chemistry, the Ei mechanism (Elimination Internal/Intramolecular), also known as a thermal syn elimination or a pericyclic syn elimination, is a special type of elimination reaction in which two vicinal (adjacent) substituents on an alkane framework leave simultaneously via a cyclic transition state to form an alkene in a syn elimination. This type of elimination is unique because it is thermally activated and does not require additional reagents, unlike regular eliminations, which require an acid or base, or would in many cases involve charged intermediates. This reaction mechanism is often found in pyrolysis.

Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis (/paɪˈrɒlɪsɪs/; from Ancient Greek  πῦρ (pûr) 'fire' and  λύσις (lúsis) 'separation') is a process involving the separation of covalent bonds in organic matter by thermal decomposition within an inert environment without oxygen.
Arne aus den Ruthen
Arne Sydney aus den Ruthen Haag is a Mexican politician. He was the borough mayor for Miguel Hidalgo, D.F. from 2000 to 2003 and deputy in the Federal District Legislature from 1997 to 2000. He is a member of the National Action Party.

He is the general director of administration for Miguel Hidalgo under borough mayor Xóchitl Gálvez. With the title of "city manager", aus den Ruthen has become popular on social media for posting videos through Periscope of infractions committed by citizens and his and the police officers' response. These videos have been called a form of public shaming, while aus den Ruthen says it is part of his neighborhood watch duties.

Public humiliation
Public humiliation or public shaming is a form of punishment whose main feature is dishonoring or disgracing a person, usually an offender or a prisoner, especially in a public place. It was regularly used as a form of judicially sanctioned punishment in previous centuries, and is still practiced by different means (e.g. schools) in the modern era.

In the United States, it was a common punishment from the beginning of European colonization through the 19th century. It fell out of common use in the 20th century, though it has seen a revival starting in the 1990s. With the rise of social media, public shaming moved to the digital sphere, exposing and humiliating people daily, sometimes without their knowledge.
DBLCI Optimum Yield Balanced Index
DBLCI optimum yield balanced index (DBLCI-OY) is a commodity price index operated by German based Deutsche Bank that is based on the Deutsche Bank Liquid Commodity Index but with reduced energy sector weighting. The DBLCI-OY Balanced has the same underlying 14 commodities as the DBLCI-OY Broad, but, the energy sector weight is reduced from 55% of the broad index to 35%. The DBLCI-OY Balanced is designed to be UCITS III compliant, that is the weight of no single commodity or strongly correlated securities exceed 35%. The DBLCI-OY Balanced is listed as an Exchange-traded fund (ETF) on the Deutsche Börse.

In terms of sector weights, the DBLCI-OY Balanced is broadly similar to the S&P GSCI Light Energy Index and the Bloomberg Commodity Index although the DBLCI-OY Broad has no exposure to the livestock sector, but, instead has a higher allocation to precious metals.

Deutsche Börse
Deutsche Börse AG (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈbœʁzə]), or the Deutsche Börse Group, is a German multinational corporation that offers a marketplace for organizing the trading of shares and other securities. It is also a transaction services provider, giving companies and investors access to global capital markets. Founded in 1992, it is a joint stock company headquartered in Frankfurt. On 1 October 2014, Deutsche Börse AG became the 14th announced member of the United Nations Sustainable Stock Exchanges initiative. It is the third-largest stock market in Europe by market cap after Euronext Paris and the London Stock Exchange.

On 23 August 2023, the company formed EuroCTP as a joint venture with 13 other bourses, to provide a consolidated tape for the European Union, as part of the Capital Markets Union proposed by the European Commission.
Swingshift
Swingshift is a live album released by Australian band Cold Chisel in 1981. It was their first album to reach No. 1 on the Australian chart, debuting there in its first week. It peaked at number 9 in New Zealand. A press release said the title referred to, "the midnight to dawn shift that the staff in asylums dread: the hours when the crazies go crazy."

Don Walker (musician)
Donald Hugh Walker (born 29 November 1951) is an Australian musician and songwriter who wrote many of the hits for Australian pub rock band Cold Chisel. 
Walker is considered to be one of Australia's best songwriters. In 2012 he was inducted into the Australian Songwriters Hall of Fame.

He played piano and keyboard with Cold Chisel from 1973 to 1983, when they disbanded. He has since continued to record and tour, both solo, initially under the name Catfish and as Tex, Don and Charlie, and worked as a songwriter for others. In 2009, he released his first book.

Richard Clapton describes Walker as, "the most Australian writer there has ever been. Don just digs being a sort of Beat poet, who goes around observing, especially around the streets of Kings Cross. He soaks it up like a sponge and articulates it so well. Quite frankly, I think he's better than the rest of us."
Cinnamomum sublanuginosum
Cinnamomum sublanuginosum is a species of tree in the laurel family (Lauraceae). It is endemic to Borneo. It is a tree growing 20 to 35 metres tall, with a trunk to 30–50 cm in diameter.

It is known only from Ranau District in Sabah. It grows in montane rain forest above 1200 metres elevation.

Borneo montane rain forests
The Borneo montane rain forests is an ecoregion on the island  of Borneo in Southeast Asia. It includes montane tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, also known as a cloud forests. The ecoregion is partly in East Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak states) and Indonesia (Kalimantan).
20th Saturn Awards
The 20th Saturn Awards, presented by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films and honoring the best in science fiction, fantasy, and horror belonging to genre fiction in film, television and home video in 1993, were held on October 20, 1994.

Genre fiction
In the book-trade, genre fiction, also known as formula fiction, or commercial fiction, encompasses fictional works written with the intent of fitting into a specific literary genre in order to appeal to readers and fans already familiar with that genre.  These labels commonly imply that this type of fiction places more value on plot and entertainment than on character development, philosophical themes, or artistic depth. This distinguishes genre fiction from literary fiction.

Popular genres include crime, fantasy, romance, science fiction and horror—as well as Western, inspirational and historical fiction.

Slipstream genre is sometimes thought to be in between genre and non-genre fiction.
Saidye Bronfman Award
The Saidye Bronfman Award is a Canadian award for fine craft. It is one of the largest individual visual-arts prizes in Canada. The $25,000 annual prize is administered by the Canada Council for the Arts as one of the Governor General’s Awards in Visual and Media Arts. Each year the Canadian Museum of History acquires a work from the winning artist for its collection. The award was created in 1977 to honour the 80th birthday of Saidye Bronfman by The Samuel and Saidye Bronfman Family Foundation through a $1.5 million endowment.

Samuel and Saidye Bronfman Family Foundation
The Samuel and Saidye Bronfman Family Foundation is a private Canadian foundation providing grants to support the community sector. The foundation was established in 1952 as a means by which members of the Bronfman family could combine their philanthropic endeavours.
Lakeside International Raceway
Lakeside Park, formerly known as Lakeside International Raceway is a motor racing circuit located in Kurwongbah, City of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. It is 30-kilometre (19 mi) north of Brisbane, and lies adjacent to Lake Kurwongbah.

The circuit was known as the spiritual home of Queensland motorsport and was built by volunteers and borrowed machinery in the 1960s. The 2.410 km (1.498 mi) circuit opened on 19 March 1961 and was closed in mid-2001. The circuit reopened on 5 April 2008, with a race meeting held the following day.

City of Moreton Bay
The City of Moreton Bay, known until July 2023 as the Moreton Bay Region, is a local government area in the north of Greater Brisbane in South East Queensland, Australia. Established in 2008, it replaced three established local government areas, the City of Redcliffe and the Shires of Pine Rivers and Caboolture.

With an estimated operating budget of A$391 million and a 2018 population of 459,585, Moreton Bay is the third most populous local government area in Australia behind the City of Brisbane and City of Gold Coast, both of which are also amalgamated entities.

In the 2021 census, the City of Moreton Bay had a population of 476,340 people.
Chernyaevo
Chernyaevo (Russian: Черняево) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Chernyaevsky Selsoviet of Magdagachinsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 406 as of 2018. There are 17 streets.

Magdagachinsky District
Magdagachinsky District  (Russian: Магдага́чинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty in Amur Oblast, Russia. The area of the district is 16,667 square kilometers (6,435 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Magdagachi. Population: 22,671 (2010 census); 26,427 (2002 Census); 33,682 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Magdagachi accounts for 48.1% of the district's total population.
The Storm (Notaker song)
The Storm is a song by American electronic producer Notaker. The Song was released by Monstercat on September 17, 2018.
The song was added to the soundtrack of the game Forza Horizon 4 in December 2018.

Forza Horizon 4
Forza Horizon 4 is a 2018 racing video game developed by Playground Games and published by Microsoft Studios. It was released on 2 October 2018 for Windows and Xbox One after being announced at Xbox's E3 2018 conference. An enhanced version was released on Xbox Series X/S on 10 November 2020. The game is set in a fictionalised representation of areas of Great Britain. It is the fourth Forza Horizon title, following Forza Horizon 3, and the eleventh  instalment  in the Forza series. The game is noted for its introduction of changing seasons to the series, as well as featuring several content-expanding updates which have included new game modes. A sequel, Forza Horizon 5, was released on 9 November 2021. Forza Horizon 4 was delisted from sale on 15 December 2024 across all platforms.
Ramtek Lok Sabha constituency
Ramtek is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in the state of Maharashtra in western India. The constituency did not exist during the Indian general elections of 1951-52 for the 1st Lok Sabha. It was created for 1957 Indian general election for the 2nd Lok Sabha, with abolition of the Amravati West constituency in the neighbouring Amravati district.

1st Lok Sabha
The First Lok Sabha was constituted on 17 April 1952 after India's first general election. The 1st Lok Sabha lasted its full tenure of five years and was dissolved on 4 April 1957. The First Session of this Lok Sabha commenced on 13 May 1952.

Total Lok Sabha seats were 489 and total eligible voters were 17.3 crores. The Indian National Congress (INC) won 364 seats. They were followed by Independents, winning a total of 37 seats. The Communist Party of India (CPI) and the Socialist Party (India) followed with 16 and 12 seats respectively. Indian National Congress got 45% of the total votes in this election and won 76% of the 479 contested seats.
Taraon State
Taraon, also spelt Tarrauhan,Tarahwan, and Tarahuhān,  was a jagir in India during the British Raj. It had an area of 67 square miles and its population was distributed in 13 villages. The capital of the state was in Pathraundi, located about 1.5 km from Karwi railway station of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway.

Tarrauhan Estate was merged into the Indian state of Vindhya Pradesh in 1948.

Chitrakoot Dham
Chitrakoot Dham is a city in the Chitrakoot district, in the India state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the headquarters of the Chitrakoot district. Situated in the Baghelkhand region, it holds great cultural, historical, religious and archaeological importance and it is said that Rama, a major deity in Hinduism, spent 11 years of exile in Chitrakoot. It is connected to the town of Chitrakoot, situated in the Satna district of Madhya Pradesh.
Cadmea
The Cadmea, or Cadmeia (Greek: Καδμεία, Kadmía), was the citadel of ancient Thebes, Greece, which was named after Cadmus, the legendary founder of Thebes. The area is thought to have been settled since at least the early Bronze Age, although the history of settlement can only be reliably dated from the late Mycenaean period (c. 1400 BC).

Citadel
A citadel is the most fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of city, meaning "little city", because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core.

In a fortification with bastions, the citadel is the strongest part of the system, sometimes well inside the outer walls and bastions, but often forming part of the outer wall for the sake of economy. It is positioned to be the last line of defence, should the enemy breach the other components of the fortification system.
1988 Ladies European Tour
The 1988 Ladies European Tour was a series of golf tournaments for elite female golfers from around the world which took place in 1988. The tournaments were sanctioned by the Ladies European Tour (LET).

Ladies European Tour
The Ladies European Tour is a professional golf tour for women which was founded in 1978. Most of the players on the tour are European, with members from more than 40 countries internationally. Despite its name, the tour also has tournaments in Africa, Asia, North America and Oceania.

The organization is based at Buckinghamshire Golf Club near London in England. Like many British-based sports organisations it is a company limited by guarantee, a legal structure which enables it to focus on maximising returns to its members through prize money, rather than on making profits for investors. The tour is run by a board of directors and a Players' Council.
Zijin County
Zijin County (postal: Tzekam; Chinese: 紫金縣; pinyin: Zǐjīn Xiàn; Hakka Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Tsṳ́-kîm-yen) is a county in the east of Guangdong Province, China. It is the southernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Heyuan. The county was known as Yongan County (postal: Wingon) before January 1914.

Administrative divisions of China
The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since 1412, due to mainland China's large population and geographical area. In the People's Republic of China, the constitution provides for three levels of government. However in practice, there are five levels of local government; the provincial (province, autonomous region, municipality, and special administrative region), prefecture, county, township, and village.

Since the 17th century, provincial boundaries in mainland China have remained largely static. Major changes since then have been the reorganization of provinces in the northeast after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the formation of autonomous regions, based on Soviet ethnic policies. The provinces serve an important cultural role in China, as people tend to identify with their native province.
Hip Tin temples in Hong Kong
There are several Hip Tin temples (Chinese: 協天宮; Jyutping: hip3 tin1 gung1) in Hong Kong. Kwan Tai (Guan Yu) is worshiped in these temples.

Kwan Tai temples are also dedicated to Guan Yu. Man Mo temples are jointly dedicated to Man Tai (文帝) and Kwan Tai (aka. Mo Tai, 武帝).

Note 1: A territory-wide grade reassessment of historic buildings is ongoing. The grades listed in the table are based on these updates   (8 June 2023). The temples with a "Not listed" status in the table below are not graded and do not appear in the list of historic buildings considered for grading.
Note 2: While most probably incomplete, this list of Hip Tin temples is tentatively exhaustive.

Heritage conservation in Hong Kong
This article details the history and status of heritage conservation in Hong Kong, as well as the role of various stakeholders.

An indication of the size of the built heritage in Hong Kong is given by a territory-wide survey conducted by the Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) between 1996 and 2000, which recorded some 8,800 buildings. The preservation of Intangible Cultural Heritage is also an emerging theme.
Online (album)
Online is the second English-language international studio album by the Latvian rock band Brainstorm was released on September 10, 2001 on the Microphone Records. The album was also produced by Tony Mansfield, a former member of New Musik and the record was also made in the United Kingdom. The album was also released in the Latvian version as Kaķēns, kurš atteicās no jūrasskolas" in the same year. The singles including "Online", "Maybe" and Waterfall, earned the attention, but not only in Latvia and also in Eastern Europe, Central Europe and Poland where the album was given the certification status as gold. It also sold over between 35,000 copies and later surpassed over 80,000 copies.

"Online" was also named as the "Latvian Pop Music Album of the Year" by the Annual Latvian Music Recording Awards.

New Musik
New Musik were an English synth-pop group active from 1977 to 1982. Led by Tony Mansfield, they achieved success in 1980 with the top 20 single "Living by Numbers" which was followed up with the top 40 hits "This World of Water", "Sanctuary" and hit album From A to B.