hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hinokinin
Hinokinin is a dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan, derived from various species of plants. It is a potential antichagonistic agent. In vitro, it has been shown to have potential neuroprotective effects as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antiviral and antifungal properties. Historically, it was isolated, for the first time, by Yoshiki and Ishiguro in 1933 from hinoki wood.

Neuroprotection
Neuroprotection refers to the relative preservation of neuronal structure and/or function. In the case of an ongoing insult (a neurodegenerative insult) the relative preservation of neuronal integrity implies a reduction in the rate of neuronal loss over time, which can be expressed as a differential equation.
1947 Kamoke train massacre
The 1947 Kamoke train massacre was an attack on a refugee train and subsequent massacre of Hindu and Sikh refugees by a Muslim mob at Kamoke, Pakistan on 24 September 1947 following the partition of India. The train was carrying approx. around 3,000-3,500 refugees from West Punjab and was attacked 25 miles from Lahore by a mob of thousands of Muslims. Figures for the number of people killed vary, with West Punjab officials reporting figures of around 400 and East Punjab-based reports suggesting thousands of casualties. Additionally, around 600 female refugees were abducted by the attackers. Local railway officials, Muslim League National Guards and local goons aided and participated in the massacre and the subsequent abductions of the surviving female refugees.

West Punjab
West Punjab was a province in the Dominion of Pakistan from 1947 to 1955. It was established from the western-half of British Punjab, following the independence of Pakistan.  The province covered an area of 159,344 km2 (61,523 sq mi), including much of the current Punjab province and the Islamabad Capital Territory, but excluding the former Princely state of Bahawalpur. Lahore, being the largest city and the cultural centre, served as the capital of the province. The province was composed of four divisions (Lahore, Sargodha, Multan and Rawalpindi) and was bordered by the state of Bahawalpur to the south-east, the province of Baluchistan to the south-west and Sind to the south, North-West Frontier Province to the north-west, and Azad Jammu and Kashmir to the north. It shared International border with Indian state of East Punjab to the east and Indian-administered Jammu & Kashmir to the north-east. It was dissolved and merged into West Pakistan upon creation of One Unit Scheme, in 1955.
Magdalene of Canossa
Magdalena di Canossa (1 March 1774 – 10 April 1835) was an Italian religious sister and the foundress of the two Canossian congregations. Magdalena was a leading advocate for the poor in her region after she witnessed first hand the plight of the poor following the spillover effects of the French Revolution into the Italian peninsula through the Napoleonic invasion of the northern territories. Canossa collaborated with humanitarians such as Leopoldina Naudet and Antonio Rosmini in her mission of promoting the needs of the poor and setting a new method of religious life for both men and women.

Her beatification was celebrated in Rome on 7 December 1941 and she was canonized in Saint Peter's Square on 2 October 1988.

Religious sister
A religious sister (abbreviated: Sr.) is a Christian woman who has taken public vows in a religious order dedicated to apostolic works. Though often referred to as nuns, they are canonically distinct. Nuns, religious sisters and canonesses all use the term "Sister" as a form of address. Religious sisters are found in various traditions of Christianity, particularly Catholicism, Evangelical Lutheranism and Anglicanism. In the Catholic Church, religious sisters are associated with a religious institute.
Kjersti Markusson
Kjersti Markusson (born 13 April 1955) is a Norwegian politician for the Socialist Left Party.

She has spent most of her professional career in the school system, and has been active in the trade union Union of Education Norway. She was first elected to the municipal council of Evenes Municipality in 1991, and has been re-elected several times. She has also been a member of Nordland county council.

When the second cabinet Stoltenberg assumed office following the 2005 election, she was appointed State Secretary in the Ministry of Finance. In October 2007 she changed to the Office of the Prime Minister.

Evenes Municipality
Evenes (Norwegian) or Evenášši (Northern Sami) is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Ofoten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bogen. Other villages in Evenes include Liland, Tårstad, Dragvik, Lakså, and the village of Evenes.

The 253-square-kilometre (98 sq mi) municipality is the 286th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Evenes Municipality is the 312th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,330. The municipality's population density is 5.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (14/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 4.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Deemed university
In India, a deemed university or deemed-to-be-university is an accreditation granted to higher educational institutions by the Ministry of Education under The Section 3 of University Grants Commission Act 1956. According to the ministry's definition, the accreditation indicates, "an Institution of higher education, other than universities, working at a very high standard in specific area of study" and the accreditation grants "the academic status and privileges of a university". According to the UGC  section 3  "The expression 'University' means a University established or incorporated by or under a Central Act, a Provincial Act or a State Act, and includes any such institution as may, in consultation with the University concerned, be recognized by the Commission in accordance with the regulations made in this behalf under this Act."

State university (India)
In India, state universities are run and funded by the state government of each of the states of India.

Following the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1950, education became a state responsibility. Following a constitutional change in 1976, it became a joint responsibility of the states and the central government.

As of 23 August 2022, the UGC lists 456 state universities.
Goldman v. Weinberger
Goldman v. Weinberger, 475 U.S. 503 (1986), was a United States Supreme Court case in which a Jewish Air Force officer was denied the right to wear a yarmulke when in uniform on the grounds that the Free Exercise Clause applies less strictly to the military than to ordinary citizens.

The 5-4 decision by the majority elicited unusually harsh dissents from the other justices and was heavily criticized by legal scholars. Congress responded to the case by enacting legislation to accommodate  yarmulkes and similar unobtrusive religious apparel for members of the military.

Uniform
A uniform is a variety of costume worn by members of an organization while usually participating in that organization's activity. Modern uniforms are most often worn by armed forces and paramilitary organizations such as police, emergency services, security guards, in some workplaces and schools, and by inmates in prisons. In some countries, some other officials also wear uniforms in their duties; such is the case of the Commissioned Corps of the United States Public Health Service or the French prefects. For some organizations, such as police, it may be illegal for non-members to wear the uniform.
Rule the World (2 Chainz song)
"Rule the World" is a song by American rapper 2 Chainz featuring American singer-songwriter Ariana Grande, released as the second single from the former's fifth studio album Rap or Go to the League on March 19, 2019. It samples "Why Don't We Fall in Love" by Amerie. It is Epps' and Grande's second collaboration, following the remix of "7 Rings", from Grande's fifth studio album, Thank U, Next (2019). It was nominated for a MTV Video Music Award for Best Hip-Hop Video in 2019.

MTV Video Music Award for Best Hip Hop Video
The MTV Video Music Award for Best Hip Hop was first given out at the 1999 MTV Video Music Awards. The award, according to MTV, was originally intended for hip hop-inspired songs, not necessarily actual hip hop music videos (which were instead honored by Best Rap Video). This explains the recognition of non-hip hop songs such as "Thong Song" and "I'm Real (Remix)".

The award was not given out in 2007, as the VMAs were revamped and most original categories were eliminated, however, Best Hip Hop Video was reinstated in 2008. By then, though, the rules had relatively changed, as R&B and rap videos also became eligible for nominations in this category since the awards for Best Rap Video and Best R&B Video were not brought back.

Drake owns the most nominations, with a total of fifteen. Nicki Minaj has the most wins in this category, with a total of five moonmen.
Llorenç Matamala i Piñol
Llorenç Matamala i Piñol (1856–1925) was a Spanish Catalan sculptor.

Matamala was born in Vila de Gràcia, a quarter of Barcelona. He collaborated with sculptor Joan Flotats on the sculpture decoration of the Parc de la Ciutadella. He was also a friend and collaborator of architect Antoni Gaudí, collaborating with him in the decoration of the Sagrada Família and the Casa de los Botines.

His son, Joan Matamala i Flotats, was also a sculptor. Matamala died in Barcelona in 1925.

Parc de la Ciutadella
The Parc de la Ciutadella (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈpaɾɡ də lə siwtəˈðeʎə]; lit. 'Citadel Park'; Spanish: Parque de la Ciudadela; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpaɾke ðe la θjuðaˈðela]) is a park on the northeastern edge of Ciutat Vella, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. For decades following its creation in the mid-19th century, this park was the city's only green space. The 31-hectare (77 acres) grounds include the city zoo (once home to the albino gorilla Snowflake, who died in 2003), the Palau del Parlament de Catalunya, a small lake, museums, and a large fountain designed by Josep Fontserè (with possible contributions by the young Antoni Gaudí).

As the location of the Parliament of Catalonia, the tensions in 2018 and 2019 regarding Catalan independence regularly led to the police closure of the park to public access to prevent crowds forming near to the official buildings.
Miri Crocodile Farm cum Mini Zoo
The Miri Crocodile Farm Wildlife Mini Zoo (Malay: Taman Buaya Miri dan Zoo Mini) is a crocodile farm and zoo in Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia. It is registered by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.

Crocodile farm
A crocodile farm or alligator farm  is an establishment for breeding and raising of crocodilians in order to produce crocodile and alligator meat, leather from crocodile and alligator skin, and other goods. Many species of both alligators and crocodiles are farmed internationally.  In Louisiana alone, alligator farming is a $60 to $70 million industry. Most crocodile farms are located in Thailand. Around 1.33-1.5 million crocodiles were slaughtered from 2007 to 2010 in crocodile farms.
Listed buildings in Oakley, Bedfordshire
Oakley is a civil parish in Bedford, Bedfordshire, England. It contains 22 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.

Borough of Bedford
Bedford, or the Borough of Bedford, is a local government district with borough status in the ceremonial county of Bedfordshire, England. It is administered by Bedford Borough Council, a unitary authority. The council is based in Bedford, the borough's namesake and principal settlement, which is the county town of Bedfordshire.

The Bedford built-up-area is the 71st largest in the United Kingdom and also includes Kempston and Biddenham. Away from the Bedford built-up area the borough includes a large rural area with many villages. 75% of the borough's population live in the Bedford built-up and the five large villages which surround it, which makes up slightly less than 6% of the total land area of the borough.

The borough is also the location of the Wixams new settlement, immediately south of Bedford, which received its first residents in 2009.
Stell Parker Selby
Esthelda Ramona Parker Selby is an American politician and educator who served in the Delaware House of Representatives for the 20th district from 2022 until her resignation in 2025. Prior to her election, Parker Selby worked as a teacher and academic administrator in the Cape Henlopen School District, then served on the Cape Henlopen School Board and on the Milton city council. She resigned following a longterm absence after suffering from a stroke in 2024.

Cape Henlopen
Cape Henlopen is the southern cape of the Delaware Bay along the Atlantic coast of the United States. It lies in the state of Delaware, near the town of Lewes, where the Delaware Bay meets the Atlantic Ocean. Off the coast on the bay side are two lighthouses, called the Harbor of Refuge Light and the Delaware Breakwater East End Light.
Pearl City Worship
Pearl City Worship is an Indian Christian music worship group from Hyderabad, Telangana, India, where they started in 2016, after being discovered by Ian Eskelin at Pearl City Church. They have released one studio album, We Won't Be Silent (2016).

Contemporary worship music
Contemporary worship music (CWM), also known as praise and worship music, is a distinct genre of Christian music used in contemporary worship. It has evolved over the past 60 years and is stylistically similar to pop music. The songs are often referred to as "praise songs" or "worship songs" and are typically led by a "worship band" or "praise team," with either a guitarist or pianist serving as the lead. It has become a common genre of music performed in many churches, particularly in charismatic or non-denominational Protestant churches, with some Catholic congregations also incorporating it into the Mass.
Frank Murchison Moore
Second Lieutenant Frank Murchison Moore (4 July 1894 - 2 September 1918) was an officer with the United States Army Air Service during the Great War. He was killed in action in the waning months of that conflict. Moore Air Force Base, northwest of Mission, Texas, was named in his honor.

Mission, Texas
Mission is a city in Hidalgo County, in the US state of Texas, United States. Its population was 85,778 at the 2020 census and an estimated 86,635 in 2022. Mission is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas.
Parsa District
Parsa District (Nepali: पर्सा जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Madhesh Province in Terai plain, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Birgunj as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,353 km2 (522 sq mi) and has a population (2001) of 497,219. According to the locals, Parsa is named after the Parashnath temple situated in Mahuwan.

2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly
The Second Constituent Assembly of Nepal, later converted to the Legislature Parliament (Nepali: व्यवस्थापिका संसद), was a unicameral legislature of Nepal. It was elected in the 2013 Constituent Assembly elections after the failure of the first Constituent Assembly (CA) to promulgate a new constitution. The Assembly converted into a legislative parliament after the constitution was promulgated in 2015. The legislature parliament's term ended on 14 October 2017.
Ampicillin/sulbactam
Ampicillin/sulbactam is a fixed-dose combination medication of the common penicillin-derived antibiotic ampicillin and sulbactam, an inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase. Two different forms of the drug exist. The first, developed in 1987 and marketed in the United States under the brand name Unasyn, generic only outside the United States, is an intravenous antibiotic. The second, an oral form called sultamicillin, is marketed under the brand name Ampictam outside the United States, and generic only in the United States. Ampicillin/sulbactam is used to treat infections caused by bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. Sulbactam blocks the enzyme which breaks down ampicillin and thereby allows ampicillin to attack and kill the bacteria.

Β-Lactam antibiotic
β-Lactam antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics) are antibiotics that contain a β-lactam ring in their chemical
structure. This includes penicillin derivatives (penams), cephalosporins and cephamycins (cephems), monobactams, carbapenems and carbacephems. Most β-lactam antibiotics work by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis in the bacterial organism and are the most widely used group of antibiotics. Until 2003, when measured by sales, more than half of all commercially available antibiotics in use were β-lactam compounds. The first β-lactam antibiotic discovered, penicillin, was isolated from a strain of Penicillium rubens (named as Penicillium notatum at the time).

Bacteria often develop resistance to β-lactam antibiotics by synthesizing a β-lactamase, an enzyme that attacks the β-lactam ring. To overcome this resistance, β-lactam antibiotics can be given with β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid.
Mo Harkin
Maurice Harkin (born 16 August 1979) is a Northern Irish footballer who plays for Egham Town as a midfielder. Harkin has played international football for Northern Ireland at both youth and under-20 level.

Lewes F.C.
Lewes Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Lewes, East Sussex, England. Established in 1885, they were founder members of the East Sussex League in 1896 and the Sussex County League in 1920, before moving up to the Athenian League in 1965 and then the Isthmian League in the 1977. After being founder members of the Conference South in 2004, they were promoted to the Conference National, the fifth tier of English football, in 2007. However, they were relegated back to the Conference South after a single season, and were later relegated to the Isthmian League in 2011.

The club have played at the Dripping Pan since their foundation. The men's first team are currently members of the Isthmian League Premier Division, while the women's team play in the FA Women's National League South.
Józefów nad Wisłą
Józefów nad Wisłą (Polish pronunciation: [juˈzɛfuf nad ˈviswɔ̃]) is a small town in Opole Lubelskie County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Józefów nad Wisłą.

Józefów nad Wisłą lies on the Vistula river.

The town has a population of 1,023, and in 1687–1870 it had a status of a town, regained in 2018.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
2023 Virginia's 4th congressional district special election
The 2023 Virginia's 4th congressional district special election was a special election to the U.S. House of Representatives that was held to fill Virginia's 4th congressional district for the remainder of the 118th United States Congress. The seat became vacant after incumbent Democrat Donald McEachin died on November 28, 2022, of colorectal cancer. State Senator Jennifer McClellan was declared the victor shortly after the polls closed, winning in a landslide against her Republican opponent.

In the United States, vacancies in the House must be filled by special elections. Under Virginia law, the governor schedules the special election and political parties handle their nominating processes themselves. On December 12, 2022, Governor Glenn Youngkin announced that the special election would take place on February 21, 2023. According to the writ of election, party nominees and other prospective candidates had until December 23 to file to run in the special election.

Virginia's 70th House of Delegates district
Virginia's 70th House of Delegates district elects one of 100 seats in the Virginia House of Delegates, the lower house of the state's bicameral legislature. District 70, in Henrico County, Chesterfield County, and Richmond, Virginia, has been represented by Democrat Delores McQuinn since 2010. In the 2017 election, she faced a primary challenge from Alex Mejias.
Geraldine Edwards
Geraldine Edwards was an All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player.

Born in Cleveland, Ohio, Edwards joined the league with the Kenosha Comets club in its 1951 season. Additional information is incomplete because there are no records available at the time of the request.

In 1988, a permanent display was inaugurated at the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum at Cooperstown, New York, that honors those who were part of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Geraldine Edwards, along with the rest of the girls and the league staff, is included at the display/exhibit.

All-American Girls Professional Baseball League
The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) was a professional women's baseball league founded by Philip K. Wrigley, which existed from 1943 to 1954. The AAGPBL is the forerunner of women's professional league sports in the United States.  Over 600 women played in the league, which eventually consisted of 10 teams located in the American Midwest. In 1948, league attendance peaked at over 900,000 spectators. The most successful team, the Rockford Peaches, won a league-best four championships.

The 1992 film A League of Their Own and the 2022 television show of the same name are mostly fictionalized accounts of the league and its stars. Sixty-five original AAGPBL members appeared in scenes for the movie filmed in October 1991 recreating the induction of the league into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1988.
Freedom of Choice Act
In the United States, the Freedom of Choice Act was a bill which sought to codify Roe v. Wade into law. The bill asserts in its findings section that Congress has the affirmative power to legislate abortion based, in part, on the crossing of state lines by abortion providers, women seeking abortions, and medical supplies used in abortions.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
Chuck Knoblauch
Edward Charles Knoblauch (/ˈnɒblɔːk/; born July 7, 1968) is an American former professional baseball player. He played 12 seasons in Major League Baseball, from 1991 through 2002, for the Minnesota Twins, New York Yankees, and Kansas City Royals. He played mostly as a second baseman before moving to left field for his final two seasons.

Left fielder
In baseball, a left fielder, abbreviated LF, is an outfielder who plays defense in left field. Left field is the area of the outfield to the left of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the left fielder is assigned the number seven.