hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kisumu Rural Constituency
Kisumu Rural Constituency is a former electoral constituency in Kenya. It was one of three constituencies of Kisumu District. The constituency was established for the 1963 elections. The constituency had eight wards, all of which elected councillors for Kisumu County Council.

The constituency used to be represented by Robert Ouko. For the 1988 elections he moved to Kisumu Town Constituency (later split to Kisumu Town West and Kisumu Town East Constituencies).

Ouko was later assassinated in February 1990.

Constituencies of Kenya
The constituencies of Kenya are used to elect members of the National Assembly, the lower chamber of the Kenyan Parliament. In accordance with Article 89 of the 2010 Constitution of Kenya, there are 290 constituencies, based on a formula where these constituencies were to be delineated based on population numbers. Each constituency returns one Member of National Assembly. The constituencies are further divided into electoral wards.
Ibrahim El Hakami
Ibrahim El Hakami (Arabic: ابراهيم الحكمي; born May 2, 1979) is a Saudi singer who rose to popularity around the world as the winner of Super Star 3, the pan-Arabic version of Pop Idol. Ibrahim won with 53% of the total vote against Shahd Barmada from Syria.

Ibrahim names Faiza Ahmad and Thekra as his main musical inspirations.

Warda Al-Jazairia
Warda Mohammed Ftouki (Arabic: وردة محمد فتوكي; 22 July 1939 – 17 May 2012), known professionally as Warda Al-Jazairia (وردة الجزائرية, 'Rose, the Algerian' or 'the Algerian Rose', pronounced [ˈwɑrdæ l(d)ʒæzæːʔɪˈrɪjjæ]), was an Algerian singer. She was well known for her Egyptian Arabic songs and music. Her name was sometimes shortened to just Warda in the Arab world.
1949 Giro d'Italia
The 1949 Giro d'Italia was the 32nd Giro d'Italia, organized and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport. The race began on 21 May in Palermo with a stage that stretched 261 km (162 mi) to Catania, finishing in Monza on 12 June after a 267 km (166 mi) stage and a total distance covered of 4,088 km (2,540 mi). The race was won by Fausto Coppi of the Bianchi team, with fellow Italians Gino Bartali and Giordano Cottur coming in second and third respectively.

Coppi won the overall by way of the memorable 17th stage (from Cuneo to Pinerolo), in which he escaped from the group and climbed alone the Maddalena Pass, the Col de Vars, the Col d'Izoard, the Col de Montgenèvre and the Sestriere Pass, arriving in Pinerolo 11'52" ahead of Bartali, his tenacious antagonist during those years.

Maddalena Pass
The Maddalena Pass (Italian: Colle della Maddalena; French: Col de Larche, historically Col de l'Argentière) (elevation 1996 m.) is a high mountain pass between the Cottian Alps and the Maritime Alps, located on the border between Italy and France. It connects Barcelonnette in France with Cuneo in Italy. Its French name Col de Larche refers to the village Larche on its northwestern side.

Under its earlier name, Col de l'Argentière it has historically linked Lyon with Italy; the Col de l'Argentière was in the possession of the house of Savoy from 1388 to 1713, offering an easy route between Piedmont and its outlying valley of Barcelonnette, which came into Savoyard possession in 1388, when Amadeus VI of Savoy purchased it for the sum of 60,000 ecus, it was of such strategic and commercial importance.

A few hundred metres from the pass, on its Italian side, is the Lago della Maddalena, which is the source of the Stura di Demonte, an important tributary of the Tanaro.
Archdiocese of Hierapolis in Syria
The archdiocese of Hierapolis in Syria was the metropolitan bishopric of the ecclesiastical province of the Euphratensis. It was based in the city of Hierapolis in Syria (Arabic Manbij, Syriac Mabbug). It was traditionally the fifth see in dignity under the Patriarch of Antioch. Under the Patriarch Athanasius I in the sixth century, it had nine suffragan bishoprics.

During the Crusades, a Latin archbishop of Hierapolis was established at Dülük. He usually resided in Tell Bashir, as did the Syriac Orthodox bishops in the Crusader period. The diocese was set up between 1131 and 1134 by Count Joscelin II of Edessa. It was subject to the Latin Patriarch of Antioch. It had two suffragan sees, Marash and Kesoun. It was effectively lost by 1151.

Gündoğan, Oğuzeli
Gündoğan, historically Turbessel (Syriac: Tel Bshir; Arabic: Tell Bāshir or Tel-Basheir; Armenian: Թլպաշար, romanized: Tʿlpašar; Turkish: Tilbeşar or Tilbaşar), is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Oğuzeli, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. Its population is 374 (2022). It was originally a fortress that played an important role in the Crusades, remnant of which is a tumulus.
Urho Hietanen
Urho Hietanen is a fictional character in Väinö Linna's 1954 war novel The Unknown Soldier. He is one of the main characters in the novel.

Hietanen is considered to be inspired by Väinö Linna's comrade-in-arms, Sergeant Pauli Santa (1919–1982) from Vehmaa; however, Hietanen's fate is different from that of his role model, as Linna had freely combined and altered events in this regard, and some features may have also been taken from a couple of other people. The destruction of the Kliment Voroshilov tank with an anti-tank mine, which is described as the most heroic act by Hietanen, is also based on a true incident witnessed by Linna with his own eyes.

Vehmaa
Vehmaa (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈʋehmɑː]; Swedish: Vemo) is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Southwest Finland region. The municipality has a population of 2,262 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 202.09 square kilometres (78.03 sq mi) of which 13.32 km2 (5.14 sq mi) is water. The population density is 11.98 inhabitants per square kilometre (31.0/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Vehmaa is known of their red Granite Balmoral red, as well as being the birthplace of Albin Stenroos who won the gold medal in the marathon at the 1924 Olympics. According to Traficom, Vehmaa is the fifth most motorized municipality in Finland with 628 cars per 1000 inhabitants.
1969 French Open – Men's doubles
Ken Rosewall and Fred Stolle were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Ilie Năstase and Ion Țiriac.

John Newcombe and Tony Roche won in the final 4–6, 6–1, 3–6, 6–4, 6–4 against Roy Emerson and Rod Laver.

Ilie Năstase
Ilie Theodoriu Năstase (Romanian: [iˈli.e nəsˈtase] ⓘ; born 19 July 1946) is a Romanian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the inaugural world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 40 weeks. Năstase is one of ten players to have won over 100 total ATP-level titles, with 64 in singles and 45 in doubles,  among which seven majors: two in singles, three in men's doubles and two in mixed doubles. He also won four Masters Grand Prix year-end championships. He was the first professional sports figure to sign an endorsement contract with Nike, doing so in 1972. Năstase also wrote several novels in French in the 1980s, and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1991.
Fagopsis
Fagopsis is an extinct genus of beech relative in the family Fagaceae with two accepted species – Fagopsis longifolia and Fagopsis undulata. It has been found in fossil strata ranging in age between the Early Eocene to the Late Eocene or Early Oligocene in British Columbia, Colorado, Montana, and Washington.  Several other species were formerly placed in the genus, but later removed because of insufficient associated fossils.

Rupelian
The Rupelian, in the geologic timescale, the older of two ages or the lower of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 33.9 and 27.3 Ma. It is preceded by the Priabonian Stage (part of the Eocene) and is followed by the Chattian Stage. The Rupelian is also known, informally, as the early Oligocene  and lower Oligocene.
Comic Relief Does Fame Academy series 2
Comic Relief Does Fame Academy, a spin-off of the original Fame Academy show where celebrities students sing as students of the Academy to help raise money for the charities supported by Comic Relief, returned for a second live airing on 26 February 2005. It was once again hosted by Patrick Kielty and Cat Deeley. During the Comic Relief show on 11 March (Red Nose Day), Edith Bowman was announced as the winner.

Edith Bowman
Edith Eleanor Bowman (born 1974) is a Scottish radio DJ and television presenter. She hosted Colin and Edith, weekday afternoons, weekend breakfast, and The Radio 1 Review on BBC Radio 1 until 2014 and has presented a variety of music-related television shows and music festivals. Since 2020, Bowman has hosted the annual Scottish Music Awards ceremony.
Emmanuel Vermignon
Emmanuel Vermignon (born 20 January 1989) is a professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Club Colonial in the Martinique Championnat National and internationally for Martinique.

He made his debut for Martinique in 2010 and was in the Martinique Gold Cup squads for the 2013 and 2017  tournaments.

2013 CONCACAF Gold Cup
The 2013 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the 12th CONCACAF Gold Cup competition and the 22nd CONCACAF regional championship overall in CONCACAF's fifty years of existence. The United States was the host nation.

The competition began on July 7, 2013, at the Rose Bowl, and ended with the final on July 28, 2013, at Soldier Field, with the United States defeating Panama 1–0. In this edition of the Gold Cup, Mexico participated with an alternative squad due to the main players competing at the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup prior to the Gold Cup. Despite not playing with their full squad, they reached the semi-finals where they lost to eventual runners-up Panama with a score of 1–2.

United States won the tournament, which qualified them for a play-off match against the champions of the 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup, to decide which team would represent CONCACAF in the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup in Russia. The playoff was played in a single match held on October 10, 2015, which Mexico won 3–2.
Gordon Walsh (bishop)
Gordon John Walsh (b Dublin 1880 - d Ely 1971) was an Anglican bishop of the Diocese of Hokkaido, in the Nippon Sei Ko Kai, the province of the Anglican Communion in Japan.

Walsh was educated at Sutton Valence School and Trinity College, Dublin. He was ordained in 1903. He was a curate in Belfast from 1903 to 1909. He was Rector of St Peter, Athlone (now owned by the Catholic Church and known as Corpus Christi Priory) from 1910 to 1913, when he became a CMS missionary. He served at Tokushima, Hakodate and Asahigawa, eventually becoming Bishop of Hokkaido in 1927, serving until 1940. Returning to England, Walsh was Vicar of Eastry and Tilmanstone, Kent from 1941 to 1942, and a Residentiary Canon of Ely Cathedral from 1942 to 1967 and Assistant Bishop of Ely, 1942 till death.

Tilmanstone
Tilmanstone is a small village and civil parish in Kent, in the South East of England, near Eastry, a much bigger and more developed area. Tilmanstone no longer has a village school; however, the independent Northbourne Park School is close to the parish boundary. The name of Tilmanstone has historically been famous for its colliery, although it is located in the village of Eythorne, operated from 1906 to 1986 as one of the four main pits of the Kent coalfield. The population taken at the 2011 Census also included that of the nearby hamlet of Ashley.
Graph (topology)
In topology, a branch of mathematics, a graph is a topological space which arises from a usual graph  by replacing vertices by points and each edge  by a copy of the unit interval , where  is identified with the point associated to  and  with the point associated to . That is, as topological spaces, graphs are exactly the simplicial 1-complexes and also exactly the one-dimensional CW complexes.

Thus, in particular, it bears the quotient topology of the set

under the quotient map used for gluing. Here  is the 0-skeleton (consisting of one point for each vertex ),  are the closed intervals glued to it, one for each edge , and  is the disjoint union.

The topology on this space is called the graph topology.

Unit interval
In mathematics, the unit interval is the closed interval [0,1], that is, the set of all real numbers that are greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.  It is often denoted I (capital letter I). In addition to its role in real analysis, the unit interval is used to study homotopy theory in the field of topology.

In the literature, the term "unit interval" is sometimes applied to the other shapes that an interval from 0 to 1 could take: (0,1], [0,1), and (0,1).  However, the notation I is most commonly reserved for the closed interval [0,1].
Adolf Rosenberger
Adolf Rosenberger (8 April 1900 - 6 December 1967) was a successful German-Jewish businessman and co-founder of the Porsche car company.

A racing driver, he raced Mercedes and Benz cars in the 1920s. His successes and records included wins at Avus, Stuttgart Solitude in 1924 and 1925, the Kasseler Herkules Hillclimb, and the Klausenpassrennen. At the 1926 German Grand Prix, Rosenberger was involved in one of the numerous accidents in treacherous conditions. He survived a crash into the timekeepers' box, which killed its three occupants.

Following the Aryanization and after the Holocaust, Rosenberger, a Jew, was deprived of his stake-holdings and position in the Porsche company.

Mercedes (car brand)
Mercedes (German: [mɛʁˈtseːdəs, -dɛs]) was a brand originally created by the Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) and used for first time in the 35 hp model released by the company in 1901. DMG began to develop in 1900, after the death of its co-founder, Gottlieb Daimler. Although the name was not lodged as a trade name until 23 June 1902 and not registered legally until 26 September, the brand name eventually would be applied to an automobile model built by Wilhelm Maybach to specifications by Emil Jellinek. This vehicle was delivered to him on 22 December 1900.

By Jellinek's contract, the new model contained a newly designed engine designated "Daimler-Mercedes". This engine name is the first instance of the use of the name Mercedes by DMG. The automobile design would later be called the Mercedes 35 hp. When DMG merged with Benz & Cie to form "Daimler-Benz" in 1926, the new company became owner of the Mercedes brand name.
Sarbarakar
A Sarbarakar is an aristocrat from the Indian subcontinent. The term means 'Landlord, Debottar, Khamar, Society Activities' in Orissa States Agency. Typically hereditary, a Sarbarakar held tracts of land, engaged in social activities and exerted control over local peasants. A Sarbarakar had the right to collect taxes from the peasantry on behalf of imperial courts for military and social infrastructure.

Sarbarakar was a royal responsibility of landlords, They provided debottar (religious endowments supporting temples), Khamar (water endowments for society), Social Activities and Chief representative of princely states during the British Raj era. The Sarbarakar was also known as Malikana (Chief) and was in charge of revenue collection. They were loyal to the ruler and had to pay on the total revenue collected from the people.

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
Château d'Argeville
The Château d'Argeville is a château in the commune of Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine, Seine-et-Marne, France. Some elements of the château date from the 17th century, and those and parts of its grounds are listed as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture. The château itself, being partially destroyed, is not protected.

Around 1700, the château had French gardens with hedged squares and crescents.

The château was occupied during the last decades of his life by the exiled English politician Lord Bolingbroke (1678–1751), who wrote many of his works there.

Joseph Charles Hippolyte Crosse (1826–1898), the French conchologist, lived in the château until his death there on 7 August 1898.

Château
A château (plural châteaux, both pronounced [ʃɑto]) is a manor house, or palace, or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions.

Nowadays, a château may be any stately residence built in a French style; the term is additionally often used for a winegrower's estate, especially in the Bordeaux region of France.
Kara-Suu District
Kara-Suu (Kyrgyz: Кара-Суу району, romanized: Kara-Suu rayonu) is a district of Osh Region in south-western Kyrgyzstan. Its area is 3,616 square kilometres (1,396 sq mi), and its resident population was 448,608 in 2021. The administrative seat lies at the city Kara-Suu.

Districts of Kyrgyzstan
The regions of Kyrgyzstan are divided into districts (raions), administered by government-appointed officials. Rural communities (ayyl aymagy) consisting of up to twenty small settlements have their own elected mayors and councils. The raions are listed below, by region:
Shamokin, Pennsylvania
Shamokin  (/ʃəˈmoʊkɪn/; Saponi Algonquian Schahamokink, meaning "place of eels") (Lenape Indian language: Shahëmokink) is a city in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. Surrounded by Coal Township at the western edge of the Anthracite Coal Region in central Pennsylvania's Susquehanna River Valley, the city was named after a Saponi Indian village, Schahamokink. At the 2020 United States census, the population was 6,942.

Susquehanna Valley
The Susquehanna Valley is a region of low-lying land that borders the Susquehanna River in the U.S. states of New York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland.  The valley consists of areas that lie along the main branch of the river, which flows from Upstate New York through Pennsylvania and Maryland into the Chesapeake Bay, as well as areas that lie along the shorter West Branch in Pennsylvania.
Dallas Seymour
Dallas Seymour (born 19 August 1967 in Tokoroa) is a former New Zealand rugby union footballer and rugby sevens player. One of New Zealand rugby sevens' longest serving players, he played in the national team from 1988 until 2002.

He also had a distinguished provincial rugby career at the fifteen a side game and made a brief appearance as an All Black playing 3 tour matches in 1992, one in Australia and two in South Africa.

He is married to former Silver Fern captain julie Seymour (née Dawson). When he won a gold medal at the Rugby sevens at the 1998 Commonwealth Games she won a silver medal in the Netball competition.

Rugby sevens at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
Rugby sevens at the 1998 Commonwealth Games was the first Commonwealth Games where rugby sevens was played. It was at the time one of the male-only sports at the Commonwealth Games.

The gold medal was won by New Zealand who defeated Fiji 21–12 in the final on 14 September 1998. In the bronze medal playoff Australia defeated Samoa 33–12. Gambia and Zimbabwe withdrew before the tournament started, resulting in a re-draw of the first round matches and groups.
Kinkaider Brewing Company
Kinkaider Brewing Company is a microbrewery based in Broken Bow in the U.S. state of Nebraska.  It was founded in 2014. The brewery uses locally grown pumpkins, corn, hops, and jalapeños in its small-batch, hand-crafted beers.

Craft beer
Craft beer is beer manufactured by craft breweries, which typically produce smaller amounts of beer than larger "macro" breweries and are often independently owned. Such breweries are generally perceived and marketed as emphasising enthusiasm, new flavours, and varied brewing techniques.

The microbrewery movement began in both the United States and United Kingdom in the 1970s, although traditional artisanal brewing existed in Europe for centuries and subsequently spread to other countries. As the movement grew, and some breweries expanded their production and distribution, the more encompassing concept of craft brewing emerged. A brewpub is a pub that brews its own beer for sale on the premises.
Middlesex RFU Senior Vase
The Middlesex RFU Vase is an annual rugby union knock-out club competition organised by the Middlesex Rugby Football Union and donated by Russell Grant Founder of the Federation of Middlesex Sports.  It was first introduced during the 2002–03 season, with the inaugural winners being London French.  It is the third most important cup competition organised by the Middlesex RFU, behind the Senior Cup and Senior Bowl.

The Senior Vase is currently open to all club sides based in the historic county of Middlesex not eligible for the Senior Cup or Senior Vase, typically playing between tiers 9 (Herts/Middlesex 1) and tiers 10 (Herts/Middlesex 2) of the English rugby union league system.  The format is a knockout cup with a first round, semi-finals and a final to be held at one of the finalist's home ground between March–June (although final dates can vary drastically).

Russell Grant
Russell John Dammerall Grant (born 5 February 1951) is a British astrologer and media personality. He has written several books on astrology, provides syndicated newspaper horoscopes and operates premium rate astrology phone lines. In March 2010, he began offering a "Pet Psychic" service. He is also the author of The Real Counties of Britain, and founded the Association of British Counties in 1989.

Grant participated in the ninth series of Strictly Come Dancing in 2011 and appeared in Celebrity MasterChef in 2014.
Jolanta Zawadzka
Jolanta Zawadzka (born 8 February 1987) is a Polish chess player with the title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM). In 2004, she won the World Youth Chess Championship for girls U18. She won the women's Polish Chess Championship in 2006, 2011, 2015 and 2018.

She won the gold medal with the Polish team in the European Team Chess Championship in Gothenburg in 2005 and silver medals at the same competitions in Heraklion 2007 and Porto Carras 2011. At the 41st Chess Olympiad in 2014 she was member of the Polish team that became 7th in the Women's section.

She is the sister of IM Stanisław Zawadzki.

European Team Chess Championship
The European Team Championship (often abbreviated in texts and games databases as ETC) is an international team chess event, eligible for the participation of European nations whose chess federations are located in zones 1.1 to 1.9. This more or less accords with the wider definition of Europe used in other events such as the Eurovision Song Contest and includes Israel, Russia and the former Soviet States. The competition is run under the auspices of the European Chess Union (ECU).