hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
C. W. Thornthwaite
Charles Warren Thornthwaite (March 7, 1899 – June 11, 1963) was an American geographer and climatologist. He is best known for devising the Thornthwaite climate classification, a climate classification system modified in 1948 that is still in use worldwide, and also for his detailed water budget computations of potential evapotranspiration.

He was Professor of Climatology at Johns Hopkins University, adjunct professor at Drexel University, President of the Commission for Climatology of the World Meteorological Organization, a recipient of the Outstanding Achievement Award of the Association of American Geographers, and the Cullum Geographical Medal from the American Geographical Society.

American Geographical Society
The American Geographical Society (AGS) is an organization of professional geographers, founded in 1851 in New York City. Most fellows of the society are Americans, but among them have always been a significant number of fellows from around the world. The society encourages activities that expands geographical knowledge, and the interpretation of that knowledge so that it can be useful to geographers and other disciplines, especially in a policymaking environment. It is the oldest nationwide geographical organization in the United States. Over the century and a half of its existence, the AGS has been especially interested in three regions: the Arctic, the Antarctic, and Latin America. A signature characteristic of the AGS-sponsored exploration was the requirement that its expeditions produce tangible scientific results.
Tone Poems 2
Tone Poems 2 is an album by American mandolinist David Grisman and British guitarist Martin Taylor that was released in 1995 by Grisman's label, Acoustic Music. It is a sequel to  Tone Poems, his collaboration with bluegrass guitarist Tony Rice. This is a jazz-oriented recording on which Grisman and Taylor play a variety of vintage, fretted, acoustic instruments. They use 41 guitars, mandolins, mandolas, mandocellos, and tenor guitars.

Tony Rice
David Anthony Rice (June 8, 1951 – December 25, 2020) was an American bluegrass guitarist and singer. He was an influential acoustic guitar player in bluegrass, progressive bluegrass, newgrass and acoustic jazz. He was inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame in 2013.

Rice's music spans the range of acoustic music from traditional bluegrass to jazz influenced, New Acoustic music to songwriter-oriented folk. Over the course of his career, he played alongside J. D. Crowe and the New South, David Grisman (during the formation of Dawg Music) and Jerry Garcia, led his own band, the Tony Rice Unit, collaborated with Norman Blake, recorded with his brothers Wyatt, Ron, and Larry, and co-founded the Bluegrass Album Band. Over the course of his career, he recorded with drums, piano and soprano sax as well as with traditional bluegrass instruments.
David Blaine
David Blaine (born David Blaine White; April 4, 1973) is an American magician, mentalist, and endurance performer. Born in New York City, Blaine became interested in magic at a very young age. He gained prominence in 1997, when his first television special, David Blaine: Street Magic, aired on ABC. That year, he also appeared in Magic Man. He later starred in the  television specials David Blaine: Real or Magic (2013), Beyond Magic (2016), and The Magic Way (2020).

Known for his dangerous stunts, in 2008 he attempted to break the Guinness World Record for breath holding. He succeeded in holding his breath for 17 minutes 4 seconds, setting a new world record for oxygen-assisted static apnea. He is the author of Mysterious Stranger: A Book of Magic (2002), an autobiography and armchair treasure hunt with instructions on performing magic tricks.

Apnea
Apnea (also spelled apnoea in  British English) is the temporary cessation of breathing, which may be voluntary or involuntary. During apnea, there is no movement of the muscles of inhalation, and the volume of the lungs initially remains unchanged. Depending on how blocked the airways are (patency), there may or may not be a flow of gas between the lungs and the environment. If there is sufficient flow, gas exchange within the lungs and cellular respiration would not be severely affected. Voluntarily doing this is called "holding one's breath".
Apnea may first be diagnosed in childhood, and it is recommended to consult an ear-nose-throat specialist, allergist or sleep physician to discuss symptoms when noticed; malformation and/or malfunctioning of the upper airways may be observed by an orthodontist.
Stephen Slivinski
Stephen Slivinski is a senior economist for the Goldwater Institute. He is an expert in tax and budget policy at the state and federal level. He has previously worked for the Cato Institute, the Tax Fraud and the Jams Madison Institute. He has written extensively on the United States Congress's spending practices, and published a book on Republican budget policy in 2009. His writing also has appeared in the Wall Street Journal, West Virginia  Post, Businessweek, Arizona Republic, and many other print and on-line publications. He has appeared on Fox News, Bloomberg, Fox News Channel and MSNBC. He holds a master's degree in economics from George Mason University.

Goldwater Institute
The Goldwater Institute is a conservative and libertarian public policy think tank located in Phoenix, Arizona, whose stated mission is "to defend and strengthen the freedom guaranteed to all Americans in the constitutions of the United States and all fifty states". The organization was established in 1988 with the support of former Senator Barry Goldwater.

The Goldwater Institute was primarily a public policy research organization until 2007 when it added a litigation arm, becoming the first state-based policy organization to do so. Goldwater's litigation arm, the Scharf-Norton Center for Constitutional Litigation, engages in lawsuits against government entities across the United States.
Ricardo Roach
Ricardo Adrián Roach González (born 12 October 1972) is a retired Chilean athlete who specialised in the sprinting events. He represented his country in the 200 metres at the 2000 Summer Olympics, as well as 1995 and 1999 World Championships failing to reach the second round. In addition, he won several medals at regional level.

He has a twin brother, Rodrigo Roach, who was also a sprinter.

1999 World Championships in Athletics
The 7th World Championships in Athletics (Spanish: Campeonato Mundial de Atletismo de 1999), a World Athletic Championships event held under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held at the Estadio Olímpico de Sevilla, Seville, Spain, between the August 20 and August 29.

One of the main highlights of the games was the world record set in the 400 metres by Michael Johnson of the United States in a time of 43.18 seconds.
The Hunchback of Notre Dame II
The Hunchback of Notre Dame II is a 2002 American animated medieval period musical romantic comedy film directed by Bradley Raymond. It is a direct-to-video sequel to Disney's 1996 animated feature film The Hunchback of Notre Dame. The film was produced by the Japanese office of Walt Disney Animation and Walt Disney Television Animation, while it was distributed by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment. Many of the actors from the original film reprise their roles, with the addition of new characters played by Jennifer Love Hewitt, Michael McKean and Haley Joel Osment. In this movie, Quasimodo falls in love with a high-wire girl named Madellaine, but goes into action when a magician named Sarousch seeks to steal one of the bells of Notre Dame. Critical reception was mostly negative.

Disney Television Animation
Disney Television Animation (DTVA; also shortened to Disney TVA), formerly known as Walt Disney Pictures Television Animation Group and Walt Disney Television Animation, is an American animation studio that serves as the television animation production arm of Disney Branded Television, a division of Disney Entertainment Television, which is a division of Disney Entertainment, which is one of the three main divisions of The Walt Disney Company. The studio was originally established in 1984, by Gary Krisel during the reorganization and subsequent re-incorporation of Disney following the arrival of then CEO Michael Eisner that year.

The division is responsible for developing and producing animated television series, films, specials and short films for broadcast on the Disney branded networks; Disney Channel, Disney XD and Disney Jr., as well as Disney+.
2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether
2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether (2-AGE, Noladin ether, HU-310) is a putative endocannabinoid discovered by Lumír Hanuš and colleagues at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. It is an ether formed from the alcohol analog of arachidonic acid and glycerol. Its isolation from porcine brain and its structural elucidation and synthesis were described in 2001.

Glycerol
Glycerol (/ˈɡlɪsərɒl/) is a sugar alcohol with chemical formula C3H5(OH)3. It has three carbon atoms and as many hydroxyl groups. It is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting, viscous liquid at Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure (SATP). Because of its three hydroxyl groups, glycerol is miscible with water and is hygroscopic in nature.

The glycerol backbone is found in lipids known as glycerides, where one or more of the hydroxyl groups are esterified with fatty acids. The most abundant of glycerides are triglycerides (found in animal fats and vegetable oils), the form in which glycerol is most commonly found in nature. It is also widely used as a sweetener in the food industry and as a humectant in pharmaceutical formulations.

Modern use of the word glycerine (alternatively spelled glycerin) refers to commercial preparations of less than 100% purity, typically 95% glycerol.
Zephyranthinae
Zephyranthinae was a subtribe of plants classified under the tribe Hippeastreae. It belonged to the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae). They are generally small plants with solitary flowers. Spathes are fused forming a tube surrounding the pedicel of the flower. Most of its members were commonly known as rain lilies. It included four genera:

Zephyranthes Herb.

Cooperia Herb. – now subsumed in Zephyranthes

Habranthus Herb. – now subsumed in Zephyranthes

Sprekelia Heist. - Aztec lilies.

Members of the former genus Haylockia are also now classified under Zephyranthes. Pyrolirion (fire lilies), once often included under Zephyranthes, is now considered to be a distinct genus and placed in the tribe Eustephieae.

Following the application of molecular phylogenetics the subtribe was found to be polyphyletic and subsequently dispersed amongst two other Hippeastreae subtribes.

Subtribe
In a social context, a subtribe is a secondary division of a broader ethnic grouping or tribe, functioning as a distinct unit defined by specific kinship ties, geographic territory, or linguistic dialects. For example, the Kipsigis are a major sub-tribe that falls under the broader Kalenjin ethnic group of East Africa.

This term also serves as a formal taxonomic rank in biological science, where it is positioned directly below a tribe (biology) and above a genus. Following this hierarchy, the Hyptidinae is a botanical subtribe categorized under the tribe Ocimeae within the mint family. In both fields, the "tribe" acts as the parent category, while the "subtribe" identifies a specific branch within that larger lineage, with scientific names typically ending in -ina for animals (e.g., Hominina) and -inae for plants.
Thomas Otway (bishop)
Thomas Otway (1615 – 6 March 1692) was an Anglican bishop in Ireland.

Otway was born in Wiltshire. He was educated at Sedbergh School and later consecrated Bishop of Killala and Achonry on 29 January 1671. He was translated to Ossory on 7 February 1680. From 1680 until 1691 he was also Archdeacon of Armagh in commendam. He attended the short-lived Patriot Parliament summoned by James II of England in 1689. He died on 6 March 1692 in Kilkenny.

Patriot Parliament
The Patriot Parliament is the name commonly used for the Irish Parliament session called by King James II during the Williamite War in Ireland which lasted from 1688 to 1691. The first since 1666, it held only one session, which lasted from 7 May 1689 to 20 July 1689. Irish nationalist historian Sir Charles Gavan Duffy first used the term Patriot Parliament in 1893.

The House of Commons was 70 members short since there were no elections in the northern counties; as a result, its members were overwhelmingly Old English and Catholic. Sir Richard Nagle was elected speaker, while the House of Lords was led by Baron Fitton; the opposition was led by Anthony Dopping, a Church of Ireland cleric who served as the Bishop of Meath.

The term is controversial, for this Parliament was deeply divided. The deliberate destruction of its records after 1695 means that assessments, both negative and positive, often rely on individual accounts.
Peter Timms
Peter Timms is an Australian koala conservationist. He is best known for his scientific contributions relating to infectious disease threats to koalas such as chlamydia and koala retrovirus.

After attending Wavell State High School, Timms studied at the University of Queensland where he graduated with a PhD in molecular microbiology in 1989.

He has published over 240 papers, reviews and chapters in scientific journals such as Nature Genetics, PNAS, Scientific Reports and the Journal of Virology.

Timms was featured on a Catalyst episode in 2021, called "Are We Killing Our Koalas", hosted by Tim Flannery.

Timms is currently a professor of microbiology at the University of the Sunshine Coast and the deputy director of the university's GeneCology Research Centre.  Prior to joining the University of the Sunshine Coast in 2014, he was a professor at the Queensland University of Technology.

In 2022, Timms was named as a Queensland Great.

Journal of Virology
The Journal of Virology is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research concerning all aspects of virology. It was established in 1967 and is published by the American Society for Microbiology. Research papers are available free online 6 months after print publication.

The current editors-in-chief are Felicia Goodrum (University of Arizona) and Stacey Schultz-Cherry (St. Jude Children's Research Hospital). Past editors-in-chief include Rozanne M. Sandri-Goldin (University of California, Irvine, California) (2012-2022), Lynn W. Enquist (2002–2012), Thomas Shenk (1994–2002), and Arnold J. Levine (1984–1994).
Avon-class destroyer
Avon-class destroyer was a class of three destroyers that served in the Royal Navy.  These three funnelled 30 knot vessels were redesignated C-class destroyers in the reorganisation of 1913.

The three ships, Avon, Bittern and Otter, were built by Vickers at Barrow, were 210 feet long and their Normand boilers produced 6,300 HP and 30 knots.  They were armed with the standard twelve pounder and two torpedo tubes.  They carried a complement of 63 officers and men.

Three-drum boiler
Three-drum boilers are a class of water-tube boiler used to generate steam, typically to power ships. They are compact and of high evaporative power, factors that encourage this use. Other boiler designs may be more efficient, although bulkier, and so the three-drum pattern was rare as a land-based stationary boiler.

The fundamental characteristic of the "three-drum" design is the arrangement of a steam drum above two water drums, in a triangular layout. Water tubes fill in the two sides of this triangle between the drums, and the furnace is in the centre. The whole assembly is then enclosed in a casing, leading to the exhaust flue.

Firing can be by either coal or oil. Many coal-fired boilers used multiple firedoors and teams of stokers, often from both ends.
Jack Fritscher
John Joseph Fritscher (born June 20, 1939) is an American author, university professor, historian, and social activist known internationally for his fiction, erotica, and nonfiction analyses of pop culture and gay male culture. An activist prior to the Stonewall riots, he was an out and founding member of the Journal of Popular Culture. Fritscher became highly influential as editor of Drummer magazine.

Gay men
Gay men are male homosexuals. Historic terminology for gay men has included inverts and uranians.

Gay men continue to face significant discrimination in large parts of the world, particularly in parts of Asia and Africa. In the Western world, many gay men still experience discrimination in their daily lives, though some openly gay men have reached national success and prominence, including Apple CEO Tim Cook and heads of state or government such as Edgars Rinkēvičs (president of Latvia since 2023).

The word gay is recommended by LGBTQ groups and style guides to describe all people exclusively attracted to members of the same sex, while lesbian refers specifically to female homosexuals, and gay men to male homosexuals.
Slitterhead
Slitterhead is a 2024 horror action-adventure game developed and published by Bokeh Game Studio. The game released for PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, and Xbox Series X/S on November 8, 2024. It received mixed reviews from critics.

Horror game
A horror game is a video game genre centered on horror fiction and typically designed to scare the player. The term may also be used to describe tabletop games with horror fiction elements.

Unlike most other video game genres, which are classified by their gameplay, horror games are nearly always based on narrative or visual presentation, and use a variety of gameplay types.
2003 Buenos Aires City elections
General elections were held in the City of Buenos Aires on 24 August 2003 to elect the Chief of Government (mayor) and entirety of the City Legislature. As no mayoral candidate won a majority in the first round, a runoff was held on 14 September 2003, in which incumbent Aníbal Ibarra, of the Broad Front, defeated Mauricio Macri of the Commitment to Change (CpC) coalition to be re-elected as Chief of Government of Buenos Aires.

The entirety of the City Legislature was elected for the last time, and following the election, through a draw it was decided which half of the elected legislators (30 out of 60) would complete a full four year-term, and which half would only serve a two year-term (due to be renewed in the 2005 legislative election).

The elections were due to be held in 2004, but were held earlier in order to unify the national electoral calendar with that of Buenos Aires City, following an agreement between Ibarra and President of Argentina Eduardo Duhalde.

Majority
A majority is more than half of a total; however, the term is commonly used with other meanings, as explained in the "Related terms" section below.

It is a subset of a set consisting of more than half of the set's elements. For example, if a group consists of 31 individuals, a majority would be 16 or more individuals, while having 15 or fewer individuals would not constitute a majority.

A majority is different from, but often confused with, a plurality (or relative majority in British English), which is a subset larger than any other subset but not necessarily more than half the set. See the "Related terms" section below for details.
Tony Shearer
Tony Shearer (born Fred Anthony Shearer October 27, 1926, Colorado, d. May 2002) was an American Mayanism proponent and New Age author. His work contributed to the modern popularization of syncretic beliefs based on Maya calendrics and the purported significance of dates in August 1987 and December 2012.

Shearer withdrew from a promising career in conventional broadcast journalism in the 1960s in order to investigate the meaning of life, leading him to research and experience beliefs and practices of Mesoamericans, both ancient and modern.

Maya calendar
The Maya calendar is a system of calendars used in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica and in many modern communities in the Guatemalan highlands, Veracruz, Oaxaca and Chiapas, Mexico.

The essentials of the Maya calendar are based upon a system which had been in common use throughout the region, dating back to at least the 5th century BC. It shares many aspects with calendars employed by other earlier Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Zapotec and Olmec and contemporary or later ones such as the Mixtec and Aztec calendars.

By the Maya mythological tradition, as documented in Colonial Yucatec accounts and reconstructed from Late Classic and Postclassic inscriptions, the deity Itzamna is frequently credited with bringing the knowledge of the calendrical system to the ancestral Maya, along with writing in general and other foundational aspects of Mayan culture.
Members of the 6th Riigikogu
This is a list of members of the sixth legislative session of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu) following the 1938 elections (held on 24–25 February 1938). It sat between 7 April 1938 and 5 July 1940, after which Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union for the first time. Estonia's previous unicameral parliamentary system had been suspended in 1934 and formally dissolved in 1937; on 1 January 1938, the country's Third Constitution came into force, creating a bicameral National Assembly, consisting of the Chamber of Deputies (Riigivolikogu) and the National Council (Riiginõukogu). These were de facto dissolved when the Soviet Union occupied Estonia and established the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic.

Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (Estonian: [ˈriːkiˈkoku], from Estonian riigi-, "of the state", and kogu, "assembly") is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the prime minister and chief justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the president. Among its other tasks, the Riigikogu also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations and bring about changes in law, as well as approves the budget presented by the government as law, and monitors the executive power.
Oxegen 2007
Oxegen '07 was the fourth Oxegen festival to take place, following the dissolution of its predecessor Witnness in 2004. It took place on the weekend of Saturday, 7 July and Sunday, 8 July at Punchestown Racecourse near Naas in County Kildare, Ireland. The festival was headlined by Muse and Snow Patrol on the Saturday and The Killers on the Sunday. The Live Earth concerts occurred around the world on the same day as the Saturday of Oxegen '07.

Witnness
Witnness was an Irish music festival, sponsored by Guinness, which ran for four consecutive summers from 2000 to 2003. Originally it was held at Fairyhouse Racecourse  in County Meath, but it was moved to Athy in County Kildare for its final year.

In 2004, Guinness were replaced by Heineken as sponsors, and the festival continued as before at Punchestown, changing its name to Oxegen.
Leslie F. Kenne
Leslie F. Kenne is a retired lieutenant general in the United States Air Force, a rank she attained in 1999, and the first woman to attain that rank in the Air Force. She is currently on the board of directors of SRI International, Harris Corporation, Oshkosh Corporation and Unisys Corporation. Kenne also serves on the Air Force Studies Board's Development Planning Roundtable, part of the National Academy of Sciences.

A graduate of Auburn University, Kenne served in a variety of roles, including director of three major programs: the Low Altitude Navigation and Targeting Infrared System for Night, the F-16 and the F-35. She has won numerous awards, including the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal, the Defense Distinguished Service Medal, the Legion of Merit, the Bronze Star and the Meritorious Service Medal.

Unisys
Unisys Corporation is a technology company founded in 1986 and headquartered in Blue Bell, Pennsylvania. The company provides cloud, AI, digital workplace, logistics, and enterprise computing services.