hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Brothers Karamazov
The Brothers Karamazov (Russian: Братья Карамазовы, romanized: Brat'ya Karamazovy, IPA: [ˈbratʲjə kərɐˈmazəvɨ]), also translated as The Karamazov Brothers, is the sixteenth and final novel by Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky. Dostoevsky spent nearly two years writing The Brothers Karamazov, which was published as a serial in The Russian Messenger from January 1879 to November 1880. Dostoevsky died less than four months after its publication. It has been acclaimed as one of the supreme achievements in world literature.

Set in 19th-century Russia, The Brothers Karamazov is a passionate philosophical novel that discusses questions of God, free will, and morality. It has also been described as a theological drama dealing with problems of faith, doubt, and reason in the context of a modernizing Russia, with a plot that revolves around the subject of patricide. Dostoevsky composed much of the novel in Staraya Russa, which inspired the main setting.

Patricide
Patricide (or paternal homicide) is the act of killing one's own father. The word patricide derives from the Latin word pater (father) and the suffix -cida (cutter or killer). Patricide is a sub-form of parricide, which is defined as an act of killing a close relative. In many cultures and religions, patricide was considered one of the worst sins. For example, according to Marcus Tullius Cicero, in the Roman Republic it was the only crime that led a civilian to death penalty.
Dianne Wager
Dianne Wager (October 16, 1931 – August 23, 2011) was an art director, production designer, and set designer for motion pictures and television.

Wager was born in Milwaukee in 1931. She moved to Los Angeles and studied set design and set illustration at the Chouinard Art Institute. In 1964, she was hired by Twentieth Century Fox as a set designer on the television series, Peyton Place. While at Fox, she also worked on the Batman television series and the feature film Fantastic Voyage.

Through the 1970s, Wager worked with Oscar-winning production designer Dale Hennesy. When Hennesy died in 1981 during the production of Annie. She received ADG Award nominations for art direction on Pleasantville (1999) and for set design on Changeling (2008).

Wager died in 2011, and in 2016, she was posthumously inducted into the Art Directors Guild Hall of Fame.

Chouinard Art Institute
The Chouinard Art Institute was a professional art school founded in 1921 by Nelbert Murphy Chouinard (1879–1969) in the Westlake neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. In 1961, Walt and Roy Disney guided the merger of the Chouinard Art Institute and the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music to establish the California Institute of the Arts. Chouinard continued to operate until the new campus opened in 1970.
Schur functor
In mathematics, especially in the field of representation theory, Schur functors (named after Issai Schur) are certain functors from the category of modules over a fixed commutative ring to itself. They generalize the constructions of exterior powers and symmetric powers of a vector space. Schur functors are indexed by Young diagrams in such a way that the horizontal diagram with n cells corresponds to the nth symmetric power functor, and the vertical diagram with n cells corresponds to the nth exterior power functor. If a vector space V is a representation of a group G, then  also has a natural action of G for any Schur functor .

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Chen Maiping
Chen Maiping (born November 4, 1952, in Changshu, Jiangsu) is a Chinese-Swedish writer and poet, known by the pen name Wan Zhi (万之). He has written mostly short stories, and has also translated literature from English and Swedish to Chinese.

During the late 1970s and early 1980s, Chen was an avid contributor to the non-sanctioned, underground literature magazine Jintian (Today). For this, he became watched by the Chinese authorities, and since 1986 he is living in exile. After the Tiananmen Square massacre in 1989, he started Jintian for Chinese in exile and dissentients within China.

Chen moved to Sweden in 1990. He has among other things taught Chinese at Stockholm University, and worked as a translator. He is also the vice president and secretary general of the Independent Chinese PEN Centre. He is married to translator and librarian Anna Gustafsson Chen, who, among other things, has translated Nobel laureate Mo Yan into Swedish.

Changshu
Changshu (Chinese: 常熟; pinyin: Chángshú; Wade–Giles: Ch'ang-shu'; lit. 'evergrow'; Suzhounese: /d͡ʐan¹³ ʐoʔ²³/) is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Suzhou, Jiangsu province, and is part of the Yangtze River Delta. It borders the prefecture-level city of Nantong to the northeast across the Yangtze River. Due to the mild climate and terrain, it has had a high level of agriculture since ancient times, and is named after this: the first character of its name (常) means "always, often", while the second (熟) means "ripe". The name of the adjacent county-level city of Taicang means "great granary".
John Wellington Pickup
John Wellington Pickup (1892–1973) was a Canadian lawyer and judge. He was Chief Justice of Ontario from 1952 to 1957.

Born in Millbrok, Ontario, he studied as Osgoode Hall, graduating with the Gold Medal in 1913, and was called to the Bar the same year. He practised at Fasken in Toronto. In September 1952, he was appointed Chief Justice of Ontario directly from the Bar, succeeding his former law partner Robert Spelman Robertson. He retired in 1957.

Court of Appeal for Ontario
The Court of Appeal for Ontario (frequently mistakenly referred to as the Ontario Court of Appeal) (ONCA is the abbreviation for its neutral citation) is the appellate court for the province of Ontario, Canada. The seat of the court is Osgoode Hall in downtown Toronto (also the seat of the Law Society of Ontario and the Divisional Court of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice).
Miguel Flores-Vianna
Miguel Flores-Vianna is an Argentine photographer, best known for architecture and interiors. He has worked for publications including Cabana and Architectural Digest.

Flores-Vianna was born in Argentina, and lives in London.

Architectural Digest
Architectural Digest  (stylized in all caps) is an American monthly magazine founded in 1920. Its principal subjects are interior design and landscaping, rather than pure external architecture. The magazine is published by Condé Nast, which also publishes international editions of Architectural Digest in China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Mexico/Latin America, the Middle East, Poland, and Spain.

Architectural Digest is aimed at an affluent and style-conscious readership, and is subtitled "The International Design Authority." The magazine releases the annual AD100 list, which recognizes the most influential interior designers and architects around the world.
Bridge of Serves
Bridge of Serves is a bridge to connect Pedome, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal to Gondar, Guimarães, Portugal, crossing the Ave River. The bridge was classified as a National Monument in 1938. Construction probably started in 1185; the structure underwent reinforcement works in 1950 that left it completely changed from its medieval origins. It features four uneven arches, with cutwaters in the pillars.

Ave River
Ave River (Portuguese: Rio Ave, pronounced [ˈʁi.u ˈavɨ]) is a river in Northern Portugal. It has its source in the Cabreira Mountain (Serra da Cabreira) in the Minho Region. In its course passes through the cities of Guimarães, Vizela, Santo Tirso, Trofa and Vila do Conde.
The Vizela River and Este River (Portugal) flow into it. The Ave flows into the Atlantic Ocean in the city of Vila do Conde.
Marc Burckhardt
Marc Burckhardt is an American fine artist and illustrator. Burckhardt's work focuses on historical symbolism with contemporary themes. He uses a mix of both oil and acrylic paints in a modern variation of the Old Masters techniques of monochromatic underpainting and color glazing, often using wood panels. Burckhardt is additionally known for combining some paintings with pressed metal facades, historically known as rizas or oklads, forming elaborate patterns in the metal to create a jacket-like patterned covering

Old Master
In art history, "Old Master" (or "old master") refers to any painter of skill who worked in Europe before about 1800, or a painting by such an artist. An "old master print" is an original print (for example an engraving, woodcut, or etching) made by an artist in the same period. The term "old master drawing" is used in the same way.

In theory, "Old Master" applies only to artists who were fully trained, were Masters of their local artists' guild, and worked independently, but in practice, paintings produced by pupils or workshops are often included in the scope of the term. Therefore, beyond a certain level of competence, date rather than quality is the criterion for using the term.
Chocolate fountain
A chocolate fountain is a device for serving chocolate fondue. Typical examples resemble a stepped cone, standing 2–4 feet tall with a crown at the top and stacked tiers over a basin at the bottom. The basin is heated to keep the chocolate in a liquid state so it can be pulled into a center cylinder then vertically transported to the top of the fountain by an Archimedes screw. From there it flows over the tiers creating a chocolate "waterfall" in which food items like strawberries or marshmallows can be dipped.

The Jean-Philippe Patisserie at the Bellagio Casino in Paradise, Nevada was the world's tallest chocolate fountain. Since 2020 the tallest chocolate fountain is the nine-meter-tall free-standing chocolate fountain at the Lindt Museum in Kilchberg, Switzerland.

Pâtisserie
A pâtisserie (French: [pɑtisʁi]; pasticceria in Italian; pastry shop or patisserie in English) is a type of bakery that specializes in pastries and sweets. In French, the word pâtisserie also denotes a pastry as well as pastry-making.

While the making and selling of pastries may often be only one part of the activity of a bakery, in some countries pâtisserie or its equivalents are legally controlled titles which may only be used by bakeries that employ a licensed "master pastry chef" (French: maître pâtissier; Dutch: meester banketbakker; German: Konditormeister). For example, in France and Belgium, the maître pâtissier is a pastry chef who has completed a lengthy training process, typically an apprenticeship, and passed a written examination.
Chongqing North railway station
Chongqing North railway station is a railway station located in Yubei District, Chongqing, China. It is served by the Yuhuai Railway, Suining–Chongqing Railway and Yuli Railway, and operated by the China Railway Chengdu Group.

Chongqing–Huaihua railway
Chongqing–Huaihua railway or Yuhuai railway (simplified Chinese: 渝怀铁路; traditional Chinese: 渝懷鐵路; pinyin: yúhuái tiělù), is a single-track, electrified railroad in southwest China between Chongqing Municipality and Huaihua in Hunan Province.  The line is 624.5 km (388 mi) long and was built between 2000 and 2005.  Cities and towns along route include Changshou, Fuling, Wulong, Pengshui, Qianjiang, Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Xiushan, Songtao in Chongqing Municipality, Tongren in Guizhou Province and Huaihua in Hunan Province.

The Chongqing–Huaihua railway was one of the 10 major projects in the Chinese government's campaign to develop western regions in 2000.  The completion of the line shortened railway travel time from Chongqing to Zhangjiajie from 16 hours to 8 hours.
Muckley Corner
Muckley Corner is a small village and area of Hammerwich in Lichfield District of Staffordshire, England. The village is located on the A5 road/Watling Street and borders the Walsall Metropolitan Borough in the West Midlands County and Lichfield District in Staffordshire.

Metropolitan Borough of Walsall
The Metropolitan Borough of Walsall is a metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England. It is named after its largest settlement, Walsall, but covers a larger area which also includes Aldridge, Bloxwich, Brownhills, Darlaston, Pelsall and Willenhall.

The borough had an estimated population of 254,500 in 2007.

The borough was created on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972. It is bounded on the west by the City of Wolverhampton, the south by the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, to the south east by the City of Birmingham, and by the Staffordshire districts of Lichfield, Cannock Chase and South Staffordshire to the east, north and northwest respectively.  Most of the borough is highly industrialised and densely populated, but areas around the north and east of the borough are open space.
We Can Report Them
We Can Report Them is Michael Brodsky's sixth novel.  The novel intertwines death and creation, centering on the making of a commercial glorifying a serial killer's last days.  Bert, the commercial's director, must also deal with two terminally ill patients, first his stepfather Albert, then his mother-in-law Joyce.

Several reviews noted that We Can Report Them has a more straightforward narrative than Brodsky's previous ***.  Nevertheless, the novel is filled with mathematical allusions (Cantor and transfinite cardinals, topology, infinite series, Turing machines) and to kabbalistic allusions (tsimtsum, ein sof, sefirot, Isaac Luria).  It is also dense with philosophical discussion, with frequent allusions to Heidegger and Charles Peirce.  Prominent film makers and critics, including Robert Bresson and Manny Farber, are also referred to.

Robert Bresson
Robert Bresson (French: [ʁɔbɛʁ bʁɛsɔ̃]; 25 September 1901 – 18 December 1999) was a French filmmaker. Known for his ascetic approach, Bresson made a notable contribution to the art of cinema; his non-professional actors, ellipses, and sparse use of scoring have led his works to be regarded as preeminent examples of minimalist film. Much of his work is known for being tragic in story and nature.

Bresson is among the most highly regarded filmmakers of all time. He has the highest number of films (seven) that made the 2012 Sight and Sound critics' poll of the Greatest Films of All Time. His works A Man Escaped (1956), Pickpocket (1959) and Au hasard Balthazar (1966) were ranked among the top 100, and other films like Mouchette (1967) and L'Argent (1983) also received many votes. Jean-Luc Godard once wrote, "He is the French cinema, as Dostoevsky is the Russian novel and Mozart is German music."
Anwar Hossain (footballer)
Anwar Hossain (Bengali: আনোয়ার হোসেন; born 1 January 1979) is a retired Bangladeshi footballer who played as a attacking-midfielder or left wing-back. He played for the Bangladesh national team from 1999 to 2000.

All Airlines Gold Cup
The All Airlines Gold Cup was a domestic football tournament organised by the Indian Football Association. It was launched in 1986 and Mohammedan Sporting won the inaugural edition beating Mohun Bagan 3–2.  All Airlines Gold Cup was introduced by the All Airlines Recreation Club.

The 2012 All Airlines Gold Cup was won by Mohun Bagan.
Breaker (hydraulic)
A breaker is a powerful percussion hammer fitted to an excavator for demolishing hard (rock or concrete) structures. It is powered by an auxiliary hydraulic system from the excavator, which is fitted with a foot-operated valve for this purpose. Additionally, demolition crews employ the hoe ram for jobs too large for jackhammering or areas where blasting is not possible due to safety or environmental issues.

Breakers are often referred to as "hammers", "peckers", "hoe rams" or "hoe rammers". These terms are popular and commonly used amongst construction/demolition workers. The first hydraulic breaker, Hydraulikhammer HM 400, was invented in 1967 by German company Krupp in Essen (today Swedish company Epiroc).

Epiroc
Epiroc AB is a Swedish manufacturer of mining and infrastructure equipment. It is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden and has its manufacturing facilities in Sweden, the United States, Canada, Australia, China, India, Japan, and Germany.
Guanay
Guanay is a small town on the Tipuani River in the Yungas region of Bolivia. It is the seat of the Guanay Municipality, the second municipality of the Larecaja Province.

Guanay and the nearby town of Tipuani are at the end of El Camino del Oro (the Gold Digger's Trail) from Sorata. There is still gold mining activity in the Guanay–Tipuani area.

The Tipuani River is a tributary to the Beni River. It is possible to travel by boat from Guanay to Rurrenabaque.

15°29′52″S 67°52′46″W﻿ / ﻿15.4978°S 67.8794°W﻿ / -15.4978; -67.8794

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
D. C. Jefferson
D. C. Jefferson (born May 7, 1989) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Rutgers Scarlet Knights. He was selected by the Arizona Cardinals in the seventh round of the 2013 NFL draft. Jefferson was released on November 4, 2013, after he was arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence.

Rutgers Scarlet Knights football
The Rutgers Scarlet Knights football program represents Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Rutgers competes as a member of the Big Ten Conference. Prior to joining the Big Ten, the Scarlet Knights were a member of the American Athletic Conference (formerly the Big East Conference) from 1991 to 2013. Rutgers plays its home games at SHI Stadium, in Piscataway, New Jersey. The team is currently led by head coach Greg Schiano. The Scarlet Knights football team is also notable for playing in the first college football game in 1869, in which the Scarlet Knights won by the score 6–4.
Bart De Pontieu
Bart De Pontieu is a solar physicist who works at Lockheed Martin's Solar & Astrophysics Laboratory. He is known for his work on the dynamics and heating of the solar chromosphere, transition region and corona, via both wave mechanisms and nanoflares.  De Pontieu has had a major role in multiple solar scientific space missions, including TRACE, Hinode, the Solar Dynamics Observatory, and IRIS. He is the Principal Investigator of the in-development Multi-slit Solar Explorer selected by NASA in February 2022.

De Pontieu is a member of the American Astronomical Society and its Solar Physics Division, as well as the American Geophysical Union and the Belgian Astronomical Society (Vereniging voor Sterrenkunde).  He was elected to the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters in 2018.

TRACE
Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE, or Explorer 73, SMEX-4) was a NASA heliophysics and solar observatory designed to investigate the connections between fine-scale magnetic fields and the associated plasma structures on the Sun by providing high-resolution images and observation of the solar photosphere, the transition region, and the solar corona. A main focus of the TRACE instrument was the fine structure of coronal loops low in the solar atmosphere. TRACE was the third spacecraft in the Small Explorer program, launched on 2 April 1998, and obtained its last science image on 21 June 2010, at 23:56 UTC. It reentered the atmosphere 600 km south of Perth, Australia on 18 July 2025, at 11:37 UTC.
Aimoin of Saint-Germain-des-Prés
Aimoin (died 9 June 889) was a monk of Saint-Germain-des-Prés from before 845. From 872 he was the abbey's chancellor (archivist) and chief copyist, overseeing the scriptorium. He was the teacher of Abbo Cernuus.

Aimoin's chief interests were relics and miracles, and his writings mostly hagiography. Around 874 he wrote De miraculis sancti Germani ("On the Miracles of Saint Germain"), and De Normanorum gestis circa Parisiacam urbem et de divine in eos ultione tempore Caroli calvi ("On the Deeds of the Normans at the Siege of the City of Paris and of the Divine Vengeance upon Them in the Time of Charles the Bald"), which only survives as a single fragment. It is an important source for contemporary Viking raids. Both of these were first edited in the second volume of Historiae Francorum Scriptores, published at Paris in 1639–49.

Viking expansion
Viking expansion was the historical movement which led Vikings, to sail most of the North Atlantic, reaching south as far as North Africa and east as far as Russia, and through the Mediterranean as far as Constantinople and the Middle East, acting as looters, traders, colonists and mercenaries. To the west, Vikings under Leif Erikson (the heir to Erik the Red) reached North America and set up a short-lived settlement in present-day L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland, Canada. Longer lasting and more established Norse settlements were formed in Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Russia, Ukraine, Great Britain, Ireland, Normandy and Sicily.
Little Monadnock Mountain
Little Monadnock Mountain, 1,900 feet (579 m), is located in the towns of Fitzwilliam and Troy, New Hampshire. Most of the mountain is located within Rhododendron State Park; there are scenic vistas from ledges just below the summit. The 110 mile Metacomet-Monadnock Trail crosses the mountain.

The mountain is flanked by Gap Mountain four miles northeast and by the Franconia Range (not the major ridge in the White Mountains), 4.5 miles to the west; its south and east slopes drain into the Tully River, then to the Millers River, thence to the Connecticut River and Long Island Sound, while its north and west slopes drain into the Ashuelot River, thence to the Connecticut River.

Millers River
The Millers River is a 52.1-mile-long (83.8 km) river in northern Massachusetts, originating in Ashburnham and joining the Connecticut River just downstream from Millers Falls, Massachusetts. Sections of the river are used for whitewater kayaking, and a section upriver is popular with flatwater racers (canoe racing), and the river is known locally as a good place for pike fishing.
2019 IndyCar Grand Prix
The 2019 IndyCar Grand Prix was the fifth round of the 2019 IndyCar season. The race took place over 85 laps on the infield road course at Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana. Simon Pagenaud, who drove for Team Penske, made a late race pass on Scott Dixon to win his first race since 2017.

Speedway, Indiana
Speedway is a town in Wayne Township, Marion County, Indiana, United States. The population was 13,952 at the 2020 census, up from 11,812 in 2010. Speedway, which is an enclave of Indianapolis, is the home of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.