hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tidwell
Tidwell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Tidwell (1932–2023), American sports administrator and coach

Blade Tidwell (born 2001), American baseball player

Charlie Tidwell (1937–1969), American athlete

Cortney Tidwell (born 1972), American singer-songwriter

Danny Tidwell (1984–2020), American dancer

George Ernest Tidwell (1931–2011), American judge

John Tidwell (basketball), American basketball player

John Tidwell (politician) (born 1941), American politician

Larry Tidwell (born 1953), American basketball coach

Monica Tidwell (born 1954), American model

Moody R. Tidwell, III (born 1939), American judge

Thomas Tidwell (born 1953), American forester

Travis Tidwell (1929–2004), American football player

Monica Tidwell
Monica Tidwell (born January 14, 1954) is an American model. She was born in Shreveport, Louisiana. A red-head, she was Playboy magazine's Playmate of the Month for the November 1973 issue; her centerfold was photographed by Dwight Hooker and Bill Frantz. Tidwell was the first Playmate who was younger than the magazine itself: she was 19 at the time of the photo shoot, having been born when the second issue of Playboy was on sale.

Tidwell was the Primary Producer of the 2008 Off Broadway play Mindgame in New York City.  Written by Anthony Horowitz (writer of Foyle's War), the play was directed by British film director Ken Russell and starred Keith Carradine, Lee Godart and Kathleen McNenny.
Autecology
Autecology is an approach in ecology that seeks to explain the distribution and abundance of species by studying interactions of individual organisms with their environments. An autecological approach differs from ecosystem ecology, community ecology (synecology) and population ecology (demecology) by greater recognition of the species-specific adaptations of individual animals, plants or other organisms, and of environmental over density-dependent influences on species distributions. Autecological theory relates the species-specific requirements and environmental tolerances of individuals to the geographic distribution of the species, with individuals tracking suitable conditions, having the capacity for migration at least at one stage in their life cycles. Autecology has a strong grounding in evolutionary theory, including the theory of punctuated equilibrium and the recognition concept of species.

Migration (ecology)
Migration, in ecology, is the large-scale movement of members of a species to a different environment. Migration is a natural behavior and component of the life cycle of many species of mobile organisms, not limited to animals, though animal migration is the best known type. Migration is often cyclical, frequently occurring on a seasonal basis, and in some cases on a daily basis. Species migrate to take advantage of more favorable conditions with respect to food availability, safety from predation, mating opportunity, or other environmental factors.

Migration is most commonly seen in the form of animal migration, the physical movement by animals from one area to another. That includes bird, fish, and insect migration. However, plants can be said to migrate, as seed dispersal enables plants to grow in new areas, under environmental constraints such as temperature and rainfall, resulting in changes such as forest migration.
Robert Beauchamp
Robert Beauchamp (1923 – 22 March 1995) was an American figurative painter and arts educator. Beauchamp's paintings and drawings are known for depicting dramatic creatures and figures with expressionistic colors. His work was described in the New York Times as being "both frightening and amusing". He was a Guggenheim Fellow and a student of Hans Hofmann.

Figurative art
Figurative art, sometimes written as figurativism, describes artwork (particularly paintings and sculptures) that is clearly derived from real object sources and so is, by definition, representational. The term is often in contrast to abstract art:

Since the arrival of abstract art the term figurative has been used to refer to any form of modern art that retains strong references to the real world.

Painting and sculpture can therefore be divided into the categories of figurative, representational and abstract, although, strictly speaking, abstract art is derived (or abstracted) from a figurative or other natural source. However, "abstract" is sometimes used as a synonym of non-representational art and non-objective art, i.e. art which has no derivation from figures or objects.

Figurative art is not synonymous with figure painting (art that represents the human figure), although human and animal figures are frequent subjects.
Maksim Demenko
Maksim Vladimirovich Demenko (Russian: Максим Владимирович Деменко; born 21 March 1976) is a Russian football manager and a former player who played as a central midfielder.

He is one of six players who scored for six different teams in the Russian Premier League and the only player who had to take-over in goal when the goalkeeper was sent-off after all the substitutions have been made on two separate occasions (he allowed goals in both games, including a decisive goal for FC Anzhi Makhachkala against FC Zenit in 2000).

FC Anzhi Makhachkala
Football Club Anzhi Makhachkala (Russian: Футбо́льный клуб «Анжи́» Махачкала́, pronounced [fʊdˈbolʲnɨj ˈklup ɐnˈʐɨ məxətɕkɐˈla]), known simply as FC Anji, is a Russian semi-professional football club based in the Dagestani capital of Makhachkala. Founded in 1991, the club now competes in the fifth-tier of Russian Football, the Russian Amateur Football League.

In January 2011, Anzhi Makhachkala was purchased by billionaire Suleyman Kerimov, and subsequently made numerous high-profile signings, including those of striker Samuel Eto'o and defender Roberto Carlos. Following severe budget cuts ahead of the 2013–14 Russian Premier League season, the club lost most of its key players and went on to finish bottom of the table, which resulted in relegation to the Russian National Football League at the end of the season.
Hana Goda
Hana Ayman Hussin Mohamed Goda (born 12 December 2007) is an Egyptian table tennis player who is currently world rank number 28 in ITTF. She is African number 2 table tennis player.

In May 2022 she became the youngest player who won ITTF Africa Cup event when she was 14 years and 7 months old.

Goda competed for Egypt at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Egypt at the 2024 Summer Olympics
Egypt competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. Egyptian athletes won three medals at this edition of the Olympic. Since the nation's debut in 1912, Egyptian athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games except for two occasions: the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles because of the worldwide Great Depression and the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, as part of the United States-led boycott.
UFO Tofu
UFO Tofu is the third album by Béla Fleck and the Flecktones, released in 1992. The title is a palindrome, which is also a musical theme in the title track; the idea originated with the musician Baby Gramps.

Béla Fleck
Béla Anton Leoš Fleck (/ˈbɛɪlə/ BAY-lə; born July 10, 1958) is an American virtuoso banjo player whose work blends bluegrass with other genres, including jazz, and who is known for his work with the bands New Grass Revival and Béla Fleck and the Flecktones. Fleck has won 17 Grammy Awards and been nominated 39 times.

In 2020, he was inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame as a member of New Grass Revival.
Russia women's national floorball team
Russia women's national floorball team is the national team of Russia. At the 1997 Women's World Floorball Championships in Godby and Mariehamn, Åland, Finland, the team finished fifth. At the 1999 Women's World Floorball Championships in Borlänge, Sweden, the team withdrew from the competition and were relegated to the B-Division. At the 2001 Women's World Floorball Championships in Riga, Latvia, the team finished first in the B-Division and were elevated to the A-Division. At the 2003 Women's World Floorball Championships in Germany, the team finished fifth in the A-Division. At the 2005 Women's World Floorball Championships in Singapore, the team finished sixth in the A-Division. At the 2007 Women's World Floorball Championships in Frederikshavn, Denmark, the team finished seventh in the A-Division. At the 2013 Women's World Floorball Championships in Brno and Ostrava, Czech Republic, the team finished tenth.

2003 Women's World Floorball Championships
The 2003 Women's World Floorball Championships was the fourth world championship in women's floorball. The games were played in Bern, Gümligen and Wünnewil in Switzerland 17–24 May 2003. Sweden won the tournament, their second title defeating Switzerland, 8–1, in the final-game.

Italy, Malaysia and USA made their first appearances in the women's floorball world championships.
Colin Kingsley
Colin Kingsley (1925–2020)  was a British pianist and teacher. Among his many recordings were the piano music of his colleague Kenneth Leighton the composer Alun Hoddinot and John White.  He also championed many English Composers from the early twentieth century

Kingsley was a lecturer at the University of Edinburgh Music Faculty where among his pupils were Tanya Ekanayaka and Donald Runnicles "‘Nominally, the hours spent with Colin Kingsley were piano lessons; but in actual fact they were remarkable, holistic musical journeys delving deep into the composer’s intentions, whether melodic, harmonic structural or even orchestral".

Donald Runnicles
Sir Donald Cameron Runnicles (born 16 November 1954) is a Scottish conductor.  Runnicles has served as music director of the San Francisco Opera, principal guest conductor of the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, principal conductor of the Orchestra of St. Luke's, music director of the Grand Teton Music Festival, and chief conductor of the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra.  He is currently Generalmusikdirektor of the Deutsche Oper Berlin and chief conductor of the Dresden Philharmonic.
Maria Anna of Saxony
Maria Anna of Saxony can refer to:

Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony (1728–1797), wife of Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria

Princess Maria Anna of Saxony (1799–1832), Grand Duchess of Tuscany

Princess Marie Anne of Saxe-Altenburg (1864–1918), Princess of Schaumburg-Lippe

Princess Maria Anna of Saxony
Marie Anna of Saxony (Maria Anna Carolina Josepha Vincentia Xaveria Nepomucena Franziska de Paula Franziska de Chantal Johanna Antonia Elisabeth Cunigunde Gertrud Leopoldina; 15 November 1799 – 24 March 1832) was a princess of Saxony. She became Grand Duchess of Tuscany by her marriage to Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany.
2014 African Women's Handball Championship
The 2014 African Women's Handball Championship was the 21st edition of the African Women's Handball Championship, held in Algiers and Chéraga, Algeria, from 16 to 25 January 2014. It acted as the African qualifying tournament for the 2015 World Women's Handball Championship in Denmark.

2015 World Women's Handball Championship
The 2015 IHF World Women's Handball Championship, the 22nd event hosted by the International Handball Federation, was held in Denmark. The decision to select Denmark as the host was announced on 27 January 2011.

In the final Norway won 31–23 against the Netherlands to gain their third title. Romania won bronze after they defeated Poland 31–22.
Square wave (waveform)
A square wave is  a non-sinusoidal periodic waveform in which the amplitude alternates at a steady frequency between fixed minimum and maximum values, with the same duration at minimum and maximum. In an ideal square wave, the transitions between minimum and maximum are instantaneous.

The square wave is a special case of a pulse wave which allows arbitrary durations at minimum and maximum amplitudes. The ratio of the high period to the total period of a pulse wave is called the duty cycle. A true square wave has a 50% duty cycle (equal high and low periods).

Square waves are often encountered in electronics and signal processing, particularly digital electronics and digital signal processing. Its stochastic counterpart is a two-state trajectory.

Digital electronics
Digital electronics is a field of electronics involving the study of digital signals and the engineering of devices that use or produce them. It deals with the relationship between binary inputs and outputs by passing electrical signals through logical gates, resistors, capacitors, amplifiers, and other electronic components. The field of digital electronics is in contrast to analog electronics, which work primarily with analog signals (signals with varying degrees of intensity as opposed to on/off two-state binary signals). Despite the name, digital electronics designs include important analog design considerations.

Large assemblies of logic gates, used to represent more complex ideas, are often packaged into integrated circuits. Complex devices may have simple electronic representations of Boolean logic functions.
Gerardo Huidobro
Gerardo Huidobro Sigismondi (born 28 June 1996) is a Peruvian swimmer who has won several national and international medals at junior level. He has also participated in the 2013 FINA World Junior Swimming Championships in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in 2013 and he has had several gold medals and records at the South American Junior Championships.

In 2015 he started his collegiate career at Albion College, and he has won several individual gold medals at the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association.

Albion College
Albion College is a private liberal arts college in Albion, Michigan, United States. The college was founded in 1835, and its undergraduate population was approximately 1,500 students as of fall 2021. The college competes in NCAA Division III and the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA).
Cantonese internet slang
Cantonese Internet Slang (Chinese: 廣東話網上俗語) is an informal language originating from Internet forums, chat rooms, and other social platforms. It is often adapted with self-created and out-of-tradition forms. Cantonese Internet Slang is prevalent among young Cantonese speakers and offers a reflection of the youth culture of Hong Kong.

Culture of Hong Kong
The culture of Hong Kong is a combination of Chinese and Western influences, rooted in Lingnan Cantonese heritage and shaped by its time as a British colony (1841 to 1997). In addition to absorbing global influences, the city's culture is enriched by its indigenous communities and ethnic minorities from South and Southeast Asia. As "Asia's World City," Hong Kong has developed a distinct identity that persists under the "one country, two systems" framework, which began after the 1997 transfer of sovereignty to China.
Karim Samir Lotfy
Karim Samir Lotfy El Sayed (born 21 April 1989) is an Egyptian high jumper.

In age levels he finished eighth at the 2005 World Youth Championships, won the silver medal at the 2005 African Junior Championships, competed at the 2006 World Junior Championships and finished fourteenth at the 2008 World Junior Championships. In regional competitions he finished seventh at the 2007 All-Africa Games, fifth at the 2007 Pan Arab Games and fourth at the 2008 African Championships.

His personal best is 2.25 metres, achieved in June 2008 in Eberstadt. This is the Egyptian record.

2005 World Youth Championships in Athletics
The 2005 World Youth Championships in Athletics were held in Marrakesh, Morocco on July 13–July 17. The host stadium was Stade Sidi Youssef Ben Ali.

The boy's 400 metres hurdles event was initially won by Sudan's Abdulagadir Idriss in a time of 50.78 seconds, but this was later annulled due to Idriss failing a doping control.
Nick Allen (catcher)
Artemus Ward "Nick" Allen (September 14, 1888 – October 16, 1939) was an American catcher in Major League Baseball. He played for the Buffalo Buffeds/Blues, Chicago Cubs, and Cincinnati Reds. Allen became a minor league baseball manager after his playing career was over and earned the nickname "Roarin' Nick" for his altercations with umpires. He stood at 6' 0" and weighed 180 lbs.

Umpire (baseball)
In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling disciplinary actions. The term is often shortened to the colloquial form ump. They are also sometimes nicknamed blue due to the traditional color of the uniform worn by umpires. Although games were often officiated by a sole umpire in the formative years of the sport, since the turn of the 20th century, officiating has been commonly divided among several umpires, who form the umpiring crew.  The position is analogous to that of a referee in many other sports.
Leptopleuroninae
Leptopleuroninae is an extinct subfamily of procolophonid reptiles. It is defined as all taxa closer to Leptopleuron lacertinum than to Procolophon trigoniceps. The oldest member of Leptopleuroninae is Phonodus dutoitorum from the Induan age of the Early Triassic. It is the only procolophonid group that survived into the Late Triassic.

Induan
The Induan is the first age of the Early Triassic epoch in the geologic timescale, or the lowest stage of the Lower Triassic series in chronostratigraphy. It spans the time between 251.902 Ma and 249.9 Ma (million years ago). The Induan is sometimes divided into the Griesbachian and the Dienerian subages or substages. The Induan is preceded by the Changhsingian (latest Permian) and is followed by the Olenekian.

The Induan is roughly coeval with the regional Feixianguanian Stage of China.
Moksha (river)
Moksha (Russian: Мо́кша, Moksha: Йов) is a river in central Russia, a right tributary of the Oka. It flows through Penza Oblast, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Ryazan Oblast and the Republic of Mordovia, and joins the Oka near Pyatnitsky Yar, near the city of Kasimov.

It is 656 kilometres (408 mi) in length, and has a drainage basin of 51,000 square kilometres (20,000 sq mi).

In the 1950s, several hydroelectric power stations were built in the middle course of the river, but without navigable locks. In 1955, 2 km below the mouth of the river. Prices on the Moksha River built Rasypukhinsky hydro-power plant with a hydroelectric power station and a wooden shipping lock. Navigation on the river was carried out until the mid-1990s.

On the Moksha is the Trinity-Scans monastery, the Nativity-Theotokos Sanaksar Monastery and the Krasnoslobodsky Savior-Transfiguration Monastery.

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Нижегородская область, romanized: Nizhegorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Nizhny Novgorod. It has a population of 3,119,115 as of the 2021 Census. From 1932 to 1990, it was known as Gorky Oblast (Russian: Горьковская область).

The oblast is crossed by the Volga River. Apart from Nizhny Novgorod's metropolitan area (including Dzerzhinsk, Bor and Kstovo) the biggest city is Arzamas. Near the town of Sarov there is the Serafimo-Diveyevsky Monastery, one of the largest convents in Russia, established by Saint Seraphim of Sarov. The Makaryev Monastery opposite of the town of Lyskovo used to be the location of the largest fair in Eastern Europe. Other historic towns include Gorodets and Balakhna, located on the Volga to the north from Nizhny Novgorod.
Meloidogyne chitwoodi
Meloidogyne chitwoodi is a plant pathogenic root-knot nematode that is a crop pest of potatoes, carrots, and black salsify.  Root-knot nematodes such as M. chitwoodi cause the production of root-knot galls when their larvae infect the plant's roots and capture nutrients stored in the roots.

Gall
Galls (from the Latin galla, 'oak-apple') or cecidia (from the Greek kēkidion, anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls can be such highly organized structures that their cause can be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology.
L
L, or l, is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is el (pronounced /ˈɛl/ ⓘ EL), plural els.

Letter (alphabet)
In a writing system, a letter is a grapheme that generally corresponds to a phoneme—the smallest functional unit of speech—though there is rarely total one-to-one correspondence between the two. An alphabet is a writing system that uses letters.
Andy Taylor (Scottish cricketer)
Andrew 'Andy' Rankine Taylor (born 8 February 1955) is a Scottish former cricketer.

Taylor was born at Bridge of Allan in February 1955. A club cricketer for Carlton, he made a single appearance for Scotland in a List A one-day match against Warwickshire at Edgbaston in the 1982 Benson & Hedges Cup. He was dismissed without scoring by Gladstone Small, while with the ball he bowled two wicketless overs with his right-arm medium-fast bowling.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Spitrasaurus
Spitrasaurus is an extinct genus of cryptoclidid plesiosauroid plesiosaur known from the uppermost Jurassic of central Spitsbergen, Norway and likely also Kimmeridge, England. It is named after a syllabic abbreviation for Spitsbergen Travel. Two species have been named: Spitrasaurus wensaasi, honouring volunteer Tommy Wensås, and Spitrasaurus larseni honouring volunteer Stig Larsen.

The holotype, found in 2004, of S. wensaasi is PMO 219 718 and consists of sixty articulated cervical vertebrae and other postcranial material from a juvenile, and the holotype of S. larseni, found in 2010, is SVB 1450, a juvenile skeleton which consists of cervical vertebrae but also of skull material.

A cervical vertebra, MANCH LL 5519c, was found in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation in England and was tentatively assigned to cf. Spitrasaurus in 2014 after being compared to Colymbosaurus megadeirus, while more possible Spitrasaurus vertebrae found at Kimmeridge reside within the collection of Steve Etches.

The Etches Collection
The Etches Collection (also known as the Museum of Jurassic Marine Life) is an independent fossil museum located in the village of Kimmeridge, Dorset, England. It is based on the lifetime collection of Steve Etches, a fossil hunter for whom some of his finds have been named, from the local area on the Jurassic Coast, a SSSI and World Heritage Site, especially around Kimmeridge Bay and the Kimmeridge Ledges.