hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2017 Lesbos earthquake
The 2017 Lesbos earthquake occurred at 12:28:39 UTC on 12 June. The earthquake's epicentre was 5 km south of Plomari on the Greek island of Lesbos off the Aegean coast of Turkey. It had a magnitude of 6.3 on the moment magnitude scale and a maximum perceived intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale. Extensive damage was caused on parts of southern Lesbos, where there was one fatality and 10 people were injured. The earthquake was also felt in Turkey but no significant damage or injuries were reported.

Scientific Data on the 2017 Lesbos earthquake, collected by the Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens are published on-line in an integrated Story Map.

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA; Greek: Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών, Ethnikó kai Kapodistriakó Panepistímio Athinón), simply referred to as the University of Athens (UoA), is a public university in Athens, Greece, with various campuses along the Athens agglomeration.

It has been in continuous operation since its establishment in 1837 and is the oldest higher education institution of the modern Greek state and the first contemporary university in both the Balkan Peninsula and the Eastern Mediterranean. Today it is one of the largest universities by enrollment in Europe, with over 69,000 registered students.
Abby B. Hyde
Abby B. Hyde (née, Bradley; 1799–1872) was an American hymnwriter, who wrote the lyrics to at least 52 hymns. At an early age, she started writing poetry, and subsequently, sacred hymns. Some of these were first published without her name. Among American women to make contributions to its hymnology, she was one of the earliest.

Her Christian hymns were strongly evangelistic in tone, but unlike many hymns of that period which portrayed the anguish of hell and sought to terrify sinners into repentance, hers were more moderate and were marked by a calm persuasiveness which made them effective. In her day, nearly fifty of her poems were being sung in the U.S. It was to Asahel Nettleton's Village Hymns, 1824, and to Elias Nason's Collection, 1857, that the greater part of her hymns were contributed. Smith included Hyde's "Dear Saviour, if these lambs should stray" in his Songs from the Hearts of Women: One Hundred Famous Hymns and Their Writers (1903).

Asahel Nettleton
Asahel Nettleton (April 21, 1783 – May 16, 1844) was an American theologian and Evangelist from Connecticut who was highly influential during the Second Great Awakening. The number of people converted to Christianity as a result of his ministry was estimated by one biographer at 30,000. He participated in the New Lebanon Conference in 1827, during which he and Lyman Beecher opposed the teachings of Charles Grandison Finney.
Emma (manga)
Emma (エマ, Ema) is a Japanese historical romance manga by Kaoru Mori. It was published by Enterbrain in the magazine Comic Beam and collected in ten tankōbon volumes. The series has been adapted as an anime television series, entitled Emma – A Victorian Romance (英國戀物語エマ, Eikoku Koi Monogatari Emma). The manga is licensed in English in North America by Yen Press and the anime is licensed in English by Nozomi Entertainment.

Set in Victorian London at the end of the 19th century, Emma is the story of a housemaid who falls in love with a member of the gentry. However, the man's father and young siblings disapprove of him associating with people of the lower classes.

Historical romance
Historical romance is a broad category of mass-market fiction focusing on romantic relationships in historical periods, which Byron helped popularize in the early 19th century. The genre often takes the form of the novel.
Vaidava Parish
Vaidava Parish (Latvian: Vaidavas pagasts) is an administrative unit of Valmiera Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. Prior to the 2009 administrative reforms it was part of Valmiera district.

Valmiera Municipality
Valmiera Municipality (Latvian: Valmieras novads) is one of the 35 municipalities established in Latvia in 2021, located approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of the national capital Riga. Its first elected municipal council took office on 1 July 2021. Its seat is the city of Valmiera.
Rhoiptelea
Rhoiptelea is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Juglandaceae. It contains a single species, Rhoiptelea chiliantha, commonly known as the horsetail tree. This genus was previously recognized in its own family, Rhoipteleaceae, but the APG III system of 2009 placed it in the Juglandaceae family. Rhoiptelea chiliantha is native to southwest China and north Vietnam and lives at the elevation of 700-1600m in mountainous areas. The trees are wind-pollinated, the flowers arranged in large sagged panicles usually 32 cm long like horse tails, and the fruit is a small botanical nut with rounded wings. The leaves are pinnately compound and papery. The trees are usually 17 m high and with 40 cm diameter. It is a protected species of China.

Nut (fruit)
A nut is a fruit consisting of a hard or tough nutshell protecting a kernel which is usually edible. In general usage and in a culinary sense, many dry seeds are called nuts, but in a botanical context, "nut" implies that the shell does not open to release the seed (indehiscent).

Most seeds come from fruits that naturally free themselves from the shell, but this is not the case in nuts such as hazelnuts, chestnuts, and acorns, which have hard shell walls and originate from a compound ovary.
Naki Sumo Crying Baby Festival
The Naki Sumo Crying Baby Festival (Japanese: 泣き相撲, Hepburn: Nakisumo) is an annual Japanese festival in which sumo wrestlers in a sumo ring hold babies in their arms and attempt to make them cry, with upsetting faces and sounds. The first baby to start crying is proclaimed the winner. In Japanese folklore, strong and loud crying is seen as a sign of healthy baby growth and believed to ward off evil spirits.

Japanese folklore
Japanese folklore encompasses the informally learned folk traditions of Japan and the Japanese people as expressed in its oral traditions, customs, and material culture.

In Japanese, the term minkan denshō (民間伝承; "transmissions among the folk") is used to describe folklore. The academic study of folklore is known as minzokugaku (民俗学). Folklorists also employ the term minzoku shiryō (民俗資料) or "folklore material" (民俗資料) to refer to the objects and arts they study.
Mark Bayliss
Mark Bayliss (born 12 December 1965) is a former Australian rules footballer in the Australian Football League.

Bayliss was recruited from the WAFL club South Fremantle by Collingwood with their first-round draft pick in the 1988 National Draft. He played as the second string key forward behind Coleman Medallist Brian Taylor and only played in four games.

Coleman Medal
The Coleman Medal is an Australian rules football award given annually to the Australian Football League (AFL) player who kicks the most goals in the home-and-away season. It is named after Essendon full-forward John Coleman, one of the most prolific goalkickers in the league's history, who was league leading goalkicker for five consecutive seasons.

The medal has been presented at various different events, including the preliminary and grand finals, the All-Australian awards ceremony, and club award ceremonies. Geelong's Jeremy Cameron is the most recent recipient, kicking 83 goals in 2025.
KWSA
KWSA (100.1 FM) is a radio station broadcasting an adult hits format. Licensed to Price, Utah, United States, the station is currently owned by Jeff Wood and Against the Wind Broadcasting, Inc. and features programming from Cumulus Media.

Price, Utah
Price is a city in the U.S. state of Utah and the county seat of Carbon County. The city is home to Utah State University Eastern, as well as the USU Eastern Prehistoric Museum. Price is located within short distances of both Nine Mile Canyon and the Manti-La Sal National Forest.

The population was 8,216 at the 2020 census, making it the largest city in Carbon County.
Mudiah - Luksin
Mudiah - Luxin (Arabic: المضيئة لوكسين)  is a Syrian village located in Al-Janudiyah Nahiyah in Jisr al-Shughur District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Mudiah - Luxin had a population of 350 in the 2004 census.

Jisr ash-Shughur District
Jisr ash-Shughur District (Arabic: منطقة جسر الشغور, romanized: manṭiqat Ǧisr aš-Šuġūr) is a district of the Idlib Governorate in northwestern Syria. Administrative centre is the city of Jisr ash-Shugur. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 150,193.
Edoardo Candiago
Edoardo Candiago (born 6 August 1978) is an Italian rugby union player. He plays as a flanker.

He played more recently for Rugby Calvisano (2004/05-2005/06), Venezia Mestre Rugby FC (2007/08-2009/10) and for Mogliano, since 2010/11.

Rugby Calvisano
Rugby Calvisano is an Italian rugby union club currently competing in the Top12. They are based in Calvisano (Province of Brescia), in Lombardy. They were founded in 1970 by a group of players: Tonino Montanari, Gianluigi Vaccari and Alfredo Gavazzi. In 1992 the club became “Rugby Calvisano S.r.l.”
Françoise Minkowska
Françoise Minkowska-Brokman (22 January 1882 – 15 September 1950) was a French Jewish psychiatrist, born in Poland.

She was married to the psychiatrist Eugene Minkowski.  Their son was the pediatrician Alexandre Minkowski. Their daughter Jeannine Pilliard-Minkowski wrote a memoir of her parents' life and work.

With her husband, she fled to Zurich at the outbreak of World War I, where they trained as psychiatrists at the Burghölzli Institute directed by Eugen Bleuler.

She was associated with the work of Hermann Rorschach, another of Bleuler's pupils.

She studied the life of Vincent Van Gogh,  and argued that the artist's illness was not schizophrenia, but epilepsy.

She established the Centre Françoise Minkowska, a psychiatric institute for refugees and migrants.

Hermann Rorschach
Hermann Rorschach (Swiss Standard German: [ˈhɛrman ˈroːrʃaχ]; 8 November 1884 – 2 April 1922) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. His education in art helped to spur the development of a set of inkblots that were used experimentally to measure various unconscious parts of the subject's personality. His method has come to be referred to as the Rorschach test, iterations of which have continued to be used over the years to help identify personality, psychotic, and neurological disorders. Rorschach continued to refine the test until his premature death at age 37.
South Africa national rugby sevens team
The South African national rugby sevens team, commonly known as the Springbok Sevens, competes in the World Rugby Sevens Series, the Rugby World Cup Sevens, the Summer Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games. Overall, the team has won the World Rugby Sevens Series 4 times, as well as having won 40 tournaments in the series.

Hong Kong Sevens
The Hong Kong Sevens (Chinese: 香港國際七人欖球賽) is a rugby sevens tournament held annually in Hong Kong on a weekend in late March or early April. Considered the premier tournament on the World Rugby Sevens Series competition, the Hong Kong Sevens is currently the fifth tournament on the World Series calendar (following the Canada Sevens). The tournament spans three days, beginning on a Friday and concluding on Sunday. The tournament is organised each year by the Hong Kong Rugby Union (HKRU). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the tournament was cancelled in 2020 and 2021. The latest Hong Kong Rugby Sevens was held from 28 to 30 March 2025 at Kai Tak Stadium.
John Kelly (race walker)
John Kelly (6 December 1929 – 13 November 2012) was an Irish racewalker, marathon runner, and actor. He competed in the men's 50 kilometres walk at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

John Kelly was born in Loughmore, a village in County Tipperary, Ireland.

Kelly won the 1965 Philadelphia Marathon, finishing the race in a time of 2:37:23 during a snowstorm.

Throughout the 1960s and 1970s he was a member of various track and field athletics clubs, including the Amateur Athletic Union, Southern California Striders and the Santa Monica Track Club.

In the 1970s Kelly became a member of the Screen Actors Guild and appears briefly in the musical film Star!, starring Julie Andrews and Richard Crenna.  In September 1973, he was a guest on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.

Screen Actors Guild
The Screen Actors Guild (SAG) was an American labor union which represented over 100,000 film and television principal and background performers worldwide. On March 30, 2012, the union leadership announced that the SAG membership voted to merge with the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) to create SAG-AFTRA.
Superfiring
Superfiring armament is a naval design technique in which two or more turrets are located one behind the other, with the rear turret located above ("super") the one in front so that it can fire over the first. This configuration meant that both forward and aft turrets could fire at any target within their sector, even when the target was directly ahead of the turrets.

Naval architecture
Naval architecture, or naval engineering, is an engineering discipline incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering as applied to the engineering design process, shipbuilding, maintenance, and operation of marine vessels and structures. Naval architecture involves basic and applied research, design, development, design evaluation (classification) and calculations during all stages of the life of a marine vehicle. Preliminary design of the vessel, its detailed design, construction, trials, operation and maintenance, launching and dry-docking are the main activities involved. Ship design calculations are also required for ships being modified (by means of conversion, rebuilding, modernization, or repair). Naval architecture also involves formulation of safety regulations and damage-control rules and the approval and certification of ship designs to meet statutory and non-statutory requirements.
Planzer
Planzer (/ˈplænzər/; respectively Planzer Holding AG) is a Swiss transportation and logistics company based in Seewen, Schwyz in Switzerland. The operational headquarters are located in Dietikon near Zurich. The concern is entirely owned and controlled by the extended Planzer family.

It employs 5,600+ people, including 350 apprentices, and owns 2,500+ trucks. In 2022, Planzer Holding AG, had an annual turnover of CHF 1,084 billion (about $1.2 billion in 2024). Planzer operates 63 locations in Switzerland and several more in Italy, Luxembourg, Germany, France, Liechtenstein as well as in Hong Kong. They are also a direct private competitor the state-owned Swiss Post as of 2024.

Seewen, Schwyz
Seewen is a village in the municipality of Schwyz, itself in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland. It lies some 2 km (1.2 mi) to the west of the town centre of Schwyz, and near the shore of Lake Lauerz. The outfall stream of the lake, the Seeweren, passes through the village on its way to join the Muota river.

Schwyz railway station, on the Gotthard railway, is located in Seewen. The A4 motorway passes just to the west of the village, and an adjacent motorway junction provides access to it.
Barbara Wagner
Barbara Aileen Wagner (born May 5, 1938) is a Canadian former pair skater. She teamed up with Robert Paul in 1952. They became the 1960 Olympic champions, four-time World champions, and five-time Canadian national champions. After retiring from competition, the pair toured with Ice Capades.

Wagner was formerly married to U.S. figure skater James Grogan. She resides in Alpharetta, Georgia, coaching figure skating at the Alpharetta Family Skate Center, the Cooler, and is a member of the Atlanta Figure Skating Club.

Ice Capades
The Ice Capades were traveling entertainment shows featuring theatrical ice skating performances. Shows often featured former Olympic and US National Champion figure skaters who had retired from formal competition. Started in 1940, the Ice Capades grew rapidly and prospered for 50 years. A decline in popularity ensued in the 1980s, and the show went out of business around 1995. There have been several attempts to revive the show and its name.

Similar traditional ice-skating entertainment shows included the Ice Follies and Holiday on Ice.
2016–17 San Diego Toreros women's basketball team
The 2016–17 San Diego Toreros women's basketball team represented the University of San Diego in the 2016–17 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Toreros, members of the West Coast Conference (WCC), were led by 12th-year head coach Cindy Fisher. The Toreros played their home games at the Jenny Craig Pavilion on the university campus in San Diego, California. They finished the season 14–16, 7–11 in WCC play, to finish in seventh place. They advanced to the quarterfinals of the WCC women's tournament, where they lost to BYU.

2017 West Coast Conference women's basketball tournament
The 2017 West Coast Conference women's basketball tournament was held March 2–7, 2017, at Orleans Arena in the Las Vegas Valley community of Paradise, Nevada. Seeds were determined solely on conference record. Regular-season champion Gonzaga added the tournament crown to its résumé, earning the conference's automatic bid to the 2017 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament.
Sajjad Zaheer
Syed Sajjad Zaheer (5 November 1905 –  13 September 1973) was an Indian Urdu writer, Marxist ideologue, radical revolutionary and a member of the Communist Party of India. He established the All India Progressive Writers' Association after the short story collection Angarey (Embers, 1932) was banned by the British Indian government. He then went on to study law at Lincoln's Inn in London and published the memoir London Ki Ek Raat (1935) based on his experience. He later served as the editor of several Communist Party of India newspapers. After the partition of India, he moved to the newly created Pakistan and became one of founding members of the Communist Party of Pakistan but was arrested in the alleged Rawalpindi conspiracy case and returned to India to continue working in cultural activities organized by the Communist Party of India.

Gora (novel)
Gora (Bengali: গোরা) is a novel by Rabindranath Tagore, set in Calcutta (now Kolkata), in the 1880s during the British Raj. It is the fifth in order of writing and the longest of Tagore's twelve novels. It is rich in philosophical debate on politics and religion.
Other themes include liberation, universalism, brotherhood, gender, feminism, caste, class, tradition versus modernity, urban elite versus rural peasants, colonial rule, nationalism and the Brahmo Samaj.

The novel is the longest novel written by Tagore. It deeply influences the Indian society and emerged as a debate between Brahmo Samaj and Hinduism.
Derugin family
The Derugin family (Russian: Дерюгины, German: von Derjugin, Deryugin) is a Russian noble family descended from boyar scions.

One branch of the family also holds matrilineal descent from the Rurik dynasty through Irina Borisovna née princess Shakhovskaya, wife of George Georgievich von Derjugin (1915–1987).

In the 19th century, and especially after the abolition of serfdom, the "Derugin" surname began to appear among peasants who adopted their employers' name but were not themselves descendants of the noble family.

Pskov
Pskov (Russian: Псков, IPA: [ˈpskof] ⓘ; see also names in other languages) is a city in northwestern Russia and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, located about 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River. Population: 193,082 (2021 census); 203,279 (2010 census); 202,780 (2002 census); 203,789 (1989 Soviet census).

Pskov is one of the oldest cities in Russia. During the Middle Ages, it served as the capital of the Pskov Republic and was a trading post of the Hanseatic League before it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow and became an important border fortress in the Tsardom of Russia.
Action of Tambo Nuevo
The action of Tambo Nuevo, also known as Hazaña de los Tres Sargentos was a successful cavalry raid carried out between 23 and 25 October 1813, during the second Upper Peru campaign of the Argentine War of Independence, by a small detachment of dragoons of the Army of the North. The targets were the headquarters of royalist Colonel Saturnino Castro at Yocalla, and later a forward outpost on Tambo Nuevo.

Dragoon
Dragoons were originally a class of mounted infantry, who used horses for mobility, but dismounted to fight on foot. From the early 17th century onward, dragoons were increasingly also employed as conventional cavalry and trained for combat with swords and firearms from horseback. While their use goes back to the late 16th century, dragoon regiments were established in most European armies during the 17th and early 18th centuries; they provided greater mobility than regular infantry but were far less expensive than cavalry.

The name reputedly derives from a type of firearm, called a dragon, which was a handgun version of a blunderbuss, carried by dragoons of the French Army. The title has been retained in modern times by a number of armoured or ceremonial mounted regiments.
Kazuhiko Kishino
Kazuhiko Kishino (岸野一彦, Kishino Kazuhiko; February 14, 1934 – February 22, 2020) was a Japanese actor and voice actor who was represented by Tokyo Actor's Consumer's Cooperative Society. He was a graduate of Doshisha University and resided in Osaka Prefecture. He died of acute heart failure on February 22, 2020.

As a voice actor, he was most recognized for his work in the anime series Kinnikuman as Mayumi Kinniku, Neptuneman and several others.

Tokyo Actor's Consumer's Cooperative Society
The Tokyo Actor's Consumer's Cooperative Society (東京俳優生活協同組合, Tōkyō Haiyū Seikatsu Kyōdō Kumiai), also known as Haikyō (俳協), is a Sendagaya, Shibuya-based talent management agency and cooperative representing Japanese voice actors.
1901 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1901.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.