hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reign
A reign is the period of a person's or dynasty's occupation of the office of monarch of a nation (e.g., Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Andorra), of a people (e.g., the Franks, the Zulus) or of a spiritual community (e.g., Catholicism, Tibetan Buddhism, Nizari Ismailism). In most hereditary monarchies and some elective monarchies (e.g., Holy Roman Empire) there have been no limits on the duration of a sovereign's reign or incumbency, nor is there a term of office. Thus, a reign usually lasts until the monarch dies, unless the monarchy itself is abolished or the monarch abdicates or is deposed.

In elective monarchies, there may be a fixed period of time for the duration of the monarch's tenure in office (e.g., Malaysia).

The term of a reign can be indicated with the abbreviation "r." (for Latin rexit) after a sovereign's name, such as the following:

George VI, King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions, Emperor of India (r. 1936–1952).

Monarch
A monarch (/ˈmɒnərk/) is a head of state for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch usually exercises the highest authority and power in the state. Usually, a monarch either personally inherits the lawful right to exercise the state's sovereign rights (often referred to as the throne or the crown) or is selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation's monarch. Alternatively, an individual may proclaim oneself monarch, or even usurp power, as many Ancient Greek tyrants did. If a young child is crowned the monarch, then a regent is often appointed to govern until the monarch reaches the requisite adult age to rule.
Three Wishes for Cinderella (1973 film)
Three Wishes for Cinderella (Czech: Tři oříšky pro Popelku; German: Drei Haselnüsse für Aschenbrödel, also called in English Three Hazelnuts for Cinderella or Three Gifts for Cinderella) is a 1973 Czechoslovak-East German film based on the fairy-tale Cinderella.

It was directed by Václav Vorlíček in a co-production between DEFA-Studio für Spielfilme and Barrandov Studios. The story was based on the fairy tale O Popelce written by Božena Němcová (a Bohemian variation of the classic Cinderella fairytale). It still remains a popular Christmas holiday film in many European countries.

DEFA
DEFA (Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft) was the state-owned film studio of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) throughout the country's existence. Since 2019, DEFA's film heritage has been made accessible and licensable on the PROGRESS archive platform. The DEFA Foundation is a non-profit organisation that was established in order to preserve the films in the DEFA library as well as the film studios, and make them accessible to the public.
Carlo l'Ami
Carlo l'Ami (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkɑrloː laːˈmi]; born 20 July 1966 in Leiden) is a Dutch football coach and former player who is currently the goalkeeping coach for UAE Pro League side Al Ain FC.

During his playing career, he played as a goalkeeper for various Dutch clubs, including Excelsior, PSV, Heracles Almelo, SC Heerenveen, SC Cambuur, Telstar and Feyenoord. Following his playing career he became the goalkeeping coach for Feyenoord, Excelsior and then Ajax.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Jenilca Giusti
Jenilca Franchesca Giusti is a Puerto Rican singer, songwriter and actress commonly known as Jenilca. Jenilca was a participant of the third season of Objetivo Fama and a principal actress in the Broadway musicals Fame and Grease, which were presented at the CBA Luis A. Ferré in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Jon Secada
Juan Francisco Secada Ramírez (born October 4, 1961), better known as Jon Secada, is a Cuban-born American singer. He has won two Grammy Awards and sold 15 million records, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists. His music fuses funk, soul music, pop, and Latin percussion.

Secada has written songs for Gloria Estefan, Ricky Martin, and Jennifer Lopez. He has toured with Luciano Pavarotti and recorded duets with Jim Brickman, Olivia Newton-John, and Frank Sinatra.

Secada has performed several times at A Capitol Fourth, an annual Independence Day concert from the United States Capitol.
Brisbane Street, Perth
Brisbane Street is a major cross street located in the suburb of Perth. It runs from Palmerston Street through to Bulwer Street, and intersects major roads Lake Street, William Street, and Beaufort Street. The section between Beaufort Street and Stirling Street was called Padbury Street until circa 1917. The street was named after Thomas Brisbane, Governor of New South Wales.

"Among other streets which Dr Battye said were named after English and Colonial public men were Aberdeen, Newcastle, Brisbane, Bulwer (Bulwer-Lyton), Moore, Short, Hill, Irwin, Hutt and Milligan Streets and Harvest Terrace."

The street had the McDowall's service station, as well as a Methodist church.

Newcastle Street, Perth
Newcastle Street is a road in Perth, Western Australia. It connects Leederville with East Perth, starting from Oxford Street and ending at Lord Street, crossing a number of roads leading north out of Perth including Loftus Street, Charles Street, Fitzgerald Street, William Street, and Beaufort Street.
Rododafni
Rododafni (Greek: Ροδοδάφνη, before 1928: Μουρλά - Mourla) is a town in northern Achaea, Greece. It is located on the Gulf of Corinth, 4 km northwest of Aigio and 28 km east of Patras. It was the seat of the municipality of Sympoliteia, which is a municipal unit of the municipality Aigialeia since 2011. The Greek National Road 8A (Athens - Corinth - Patras) and the railway Corinth - Patras pass through the town. Rododafni's beach and the area along the coast is called Akoli, while the settlement lying in between is called Avythos.

Greek National Road 8a
Greek National Road 8a (Greek: Εθνική Οδός 8a, abbreviated as EO8a) was a toll road in the Attica, Peloponnese and West Greece regions. It connected Athens with the cities of Corinth and Patras. It was built in the 1960s as a replacement for the old National Road 8 as the major route to the Peloponnese, and bypasses most towns. The National Road 8a has gradually been upgraded to a motorway, the A8. Since April 2017, the complete length of the A8 motorway has been operational.

The EO8a started east of Eleusis, where it branched off the old EO8 as a limited-access dual carriageway. Between Megara and Kineta the motorway passed through several tunnels. Its western end was the interchange with the A5 Ionia Odos, near Rio, northeast of Patras.

The total length of the route was 215 km. The eastern section, between Eleusis and Corinth, was part of European route E94. The western section, between Corinth and Rio, was part of European route E65.
Limburgian cuisine
Limburgisch cuisine, the cuisine of the Province of Limburg, is different from the Belgian and Dutch cuisines but also shares many similarities with these cuisines. Maastricht is known for its Limburgian cuisine.

Limburg is a little different compared to the rest of the Dutch and Belgian provinces. The landscape is hilly in the southeast (while the rest of the Dutch landscape is cultivated and flat) and the Limburgish language could be said to be a separate language rather than a dialect of Dutch. This different landscape provides the Limburgish cuisine with a lot of game meat, especially in the hunting season. The north of the Limburg is quite flat and is the largest asparagus producing area of the Netherlands. In the southwest is found the Haspengouw which is famous for being the fruit basket of Belgium.

Hesbaye
The Hesbaye (French, French pronunciation: [ɛsbɛ]), or Haspengouw (Dutch and Limburgish, Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɑspə(ŋ)ˌɣʌu]), is a traditional cultural and geophysical region in eastern Belgium. It is a loamy plateau region which forms a watershed between the Meuse and Scheldt drainage basins. It has been one of the main agricultural regions in what is now Belgium since before Roman times, and specifically named in records since the Middle Ages, when it was an important Frankish pagus or gau, called Hasbania in medieval Latin.
The 1987 Annual World's Best SF
The 1987 Annual World's Best SF is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by Donald A. Wollheim and Arthur W. Saha, the fourteenth volume in a series of nineteen. It was first published in paperback by DAW Books in June 1987, followed by a hardcover edition issued in July of the same year by the same publisher as a selection of the Science Fiction Book Club. For the hardcover edition the original cover art by Tony Roberts was replaced by a new cover painting by Richard Powers.

The book collects ten novellas, novelettes and short stories by various science fiction authors, with an introduction by Wollheim. The stories were previously published in 1986 in the magazines Omni, Amazing Stories, Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine, and The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, and the anthology L. Ron Hubbard Presents Writers of the Future, Volume II.

Bookspan
Bookspan LLC is a New York–based online bookseller, founded in 2000.

Bookspan began as a joint endeavor by Bertelsmann and Time Warner. Bertelsmann took over control in 2007, and a year later, sold its interest to Najafi Companies, an Arizona investment firm. Najafi held its ownership in a subsidiary named Direct Brands, which also held Najafi's ownership in the Columbia House record club. In 2013, Najafi sold its interest in Direct Brands to Pride Tree Holdings, a New York–based media and consumer technology holding company founded in 2012 and incorporated in Delaware.
Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945
Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945 is a 2005 non-fiction book written by British historian Tony Judt examining the six decades of European history from the end of World War II in Europe in 1945 to 2005. Postwar is widely considered one of the foremost accounts of contemporary European history, particularly with regard to the history of Eastern Europe.  It has been translated into French, Spanish and German.

Although it was published in 2005, Postwar had been in development since 1989.

End of World War II in Europe
The end of World War II in Europe occurred in May 1945. Following the suicide of Adolf Hitler on 30 April, leadership of Nazi Germany passed to Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz and the Flensburg Government. Soviet troops captured Berlin on 2 May, and a number of German military forces surrendered over the next few days. On 8 May, Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel signed the German Instrument of Surrender, an unconditional surrender to the Allies, in Karlshorst, Berlin. This is celebrated as Victory in Europe Day, while in Russia, 9 May is celebrated as Victory Day.

Some fighting continued after the German surrender. Some battles continued on the Eastern Front such as the Courland Pocket in western Latvia surrendering on 10 May, and the Prague offensive in Czechoslovakia ending on 11 May. On 25 May 1945, the Battle of Odžak ended in a Yugoslav Partisan victory. Following the conclusion in the European theatre, the war continued in the Pacific theatre.
Blackwater River State Forest
Blackwater River State Forest is a state forest in the western panhandle of Florida, United States. It is administered by the Florida Forest Service, part of the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Blackwater River State Forest is completely contained within Santa Rosa and Okaloosa Counties. The forest is managed from a common headquarters in Munson, Florida. There are local ranger offices in Molino (Escambia County), Milton, (Santa Rosa County), and Baker (Okaloosa County).

Santa Rosa County, Florida
Santa Rosa County is a county located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2020, its population was 188,000. The county seat is Milton, which lies in the geographic center of the county. Other major communities within Santa Rosa County are Navarre, Pace, and Gulf Breeze. Navarre is the most populated community with a population of approximately 45,000 residents. Santa Rosa County is included in the Pensacola metropolitan area, which also includes Escambia County.
Nuttin' Less Nuttin' Mo'
Nuttin' Less Nuttin' Mo' is the second and final album released by rap group, the College Boyz. It was released on October 4, 1994, by Virgin and Capitol Records. After a successful debut two years prior, this album failed to match the success of Radio Fusion Radio, peaking at No. 80 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. The only charting single, "Rollin", reached No. 49 on the Hot Rap Singles chart.

The album was rated 3 and a half stars by B.R. Wright for The Grand Rapids Press.

Hot Rap Songs
Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles) is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio stations and sales in hip hop-focused or exclusive markets. Streaming data, digital downloads and All-Format radio stations were added to the methodology of determining chart rankings in 2012. From 1989 through 2001, it was based on how much the single sold in that given week.
Miss America 2015
Miss America 2015 was the 88th Miss America pageant, held at the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey, on September 14, 2014.

Nina Davuluri of New York crowned Kira Kazantsev of New York as her successor at the end of the event, making it the third consecutive year that a Miss New York won the Miss America crown; New York thus became the first state to have a Miss America winner three years in a row.

Nina Davuluri
Nina Davuluri (born April 20, 1989) is an American public speaker, advocate, and beauty queen who hosts the reality show Made in America on Zee TV America from Manhattan.

As Miss America 2014, she became the first Indian American contestant to win both the Miss New York followed by the Miss America Competition. She is also the second Asian American to be crowned Miss America.
Conversation games
Conversation games, also known as verbal games or spoken games, are games that require only conversational ability and no other paraphernalia. Conversation games owe their popularity to their ability to be played almost anywhere with almost anyone and for their ability to generate conversation. Their popularity has gained in part due to the hip hop culture and TV shows like Wild 'N Out and Yo Momma. They  can often also be categorized as guessing games, word games, or because of their freedom from equipment or visual engagement, car games. Because of their nature, conversation games are usually non-commercial.

Conversation
Conversation is interactive communication between two or more people. The development of conversational skills and etiquette is an important part of socialization. The development of conversational skills in a new language is a frequent focus of language teaching and learning. Conversation analysis is a branch of sociology which studies the structure and organization of human interaction, with a more specific focus on conversational interaction.
Ukraine Square, Oslo
59°54′46.930″N 10°42′22.150″E﻿ / ﻿59.91303611°N 10.70615278°E﻿ / 59.91303611; 10.70615278

Ukraine Square (Norwegian: Ukrainas plass) is a square in Skarpsno, Frogner, Oslo, Norway. It is located at the intersection of Drammensveien and Leiv Eirikssons gate. The Russian Embassy is located next to Ukraine Square. The borough of Frogner renamed the square as Ukraine Square on 8 March 2022 in support of Ukraine's freedom, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The borough voted on 8 March 2022 to change the name of part of the road where the Russian embassy and other properties have its addresses; none of the addresses were changed, however the intersection closest to the Russian embassy got its name "Ukraine Square".

Drammensveien
Drammensveien is a street in Oslo, Norway, and a highway between the cities Oslo and Drammen. The highway is the heaviest trafficked road in Norway. The original road Drammensveien was built for transport from Oslo to the foundry Bærums Verk and the silver mines at Kongsberg.
Vinod Kumar Shukla
Vinod Kumar Shukla (1 January 1937 – 23 December 2025) was an Indian Hindi writer known for his writing style that often bordered on magical realism. His works included the novels Naukar ki Kameez (Servant's shirt) and Deewar Mein Ek Khirkee Rehti Thi (A window lived in a wall). The latter won the Sahitya Akademi Award for the best Hindi work in 1999. This novel has been made into a stage play by theatre director Mohan Maharishi.

Shukla became the first Chhattisgarhi to receive the Jnanpith Award, and was also the first Indian author to receive the PEN/Nabokov Award for Achievement in International Literature.

Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.
1979 Cambridge City Council election
The 1979 Cambridge City Council election took place on 3 May 1979 to elect members of Cambridge City Council in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England. This was on the same day as other local elections across England.

Cambridge City Council
Cambridge City Council is the local authority for Cambridge, a non-metropolitan district with city status in Cambridgeshire, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2014. It meets at Cambridge Guildhall. The council is a member of the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority.
Lincoln in the White House
Lincoln in the White House  is a 1939 American biographical short or historical "special" about United States President Abraham Lincoln, highlighting events during his first term of office, from his inaugural speech in 1861 to his delivery of the Gettysburg Address in 1863. Produced by Warner Bros. and directed by William C. McGann, the 21-minute Technicolor film stars Frank McGlynn Sr., a veteran actor who since 1915 had specialized in impersonating Lincoln on both stage and screen.

John Harron
John Harron (March 31, 1904 – November 24, 1939) was an American actor. He appeared in more than 160 films between 1918 and 1939.

Born on March 31, 1904, in New York City, he was the brother of actor Robert Harron and of actress Mary Harron.

Harron graduated from Santa Clara University. His film debut came in Through the Back Door (1921). After acting for Universal, he was under contract to Warner Bros. Harron "achieved great success on the silent screen but was reduced to minor roles or minor films with the coming of sound."

Harron died in Seattle, Washington from spinal meningitis. He is buried in Calvary Cemetery in Los Angeles.
Chattel mortgage
Chattel mortgage, sometimes abbreviated CM, is the legal term for a type of loan contract used in some states with legal systems derived from English law.

Under a typical chattel mortgage, the purchaser borrows funds for the purchase of movable personal property (the chattel) from the lender. The lender then secures the loan with a mortgage over the chattel. Legal ownership of the chattel is transferred to the purchaser at the time of purchase, and the mortgage is removed once the loan has been repaid.

Chattel mortgages may have more particular characteristics in different jurisdictions.

Goods and services tax (Australia)
Goods and Services Tax (GST) in Australia is a value added tax of 10% on most goods and services sales, with some exemptions (such as for certain food, healthcare and housing items) and concessions (including qualifying long-term accommodation, which is taxed at an effective rate of 5.5%). GST is levied on most transactions in the production process, but is in many cases refunded to all parties in the chain of production other than the final consumer.

The tax was introduced by the Howard government and commenced on 1 July 2000, replacing the previous federal wholesale sales tax system and designed to phase out a number of various State and Territory Government taxes, duties and levies such as banking taxes and stamp duty.

A proposed increase of GST to 15% has been put forward, but is generally lacking in bipartisan support.
Easter Song
"Easter Song" is a song written by Annie Herring of the Jesus music group the 2nd Chapter of Acts that tells of Jesus Christ's resurrection and the elation Christians feel about this resurrection on Easter. It was first recorded in 1974 and released on the band's debut album, With Footnotes. It continues to be performed, appearing in church hymnals and Easter songbooks as well as on Wow Gold CD. It has been covered by several other artists, including GLAD and Keith Green.

According to Tori Taff of CCM Magazine, "The opening notes to 'Easter Song' just may be the single most recognizable intro in contemporary Christian music". The song even achieved moderate success as a crossover on mainstream radio stations. In 1998 CCM Magazine named "Easter Song" as the No. 4 Christian song of all time.

Jesus music
Jesus music, known as gospel beat music in the United Kingdom, is a style of Christian music that originated on the West Coast of the United States in the late 1960s and early 1970s. This musical genre developed in parallel to the Jesus movement and became a defining part of the movement. It outlasted the movement that spawned it and the Christian music industry began to eclipse it and absorb its musicians around 1975.
1996–97 NHL transactions
This list is for 1996–97 NHL transactions within professional ice hockey league of players in North America. The following contains team-to-team transactions that occurred in the National Hockey League during the 1996–97 NHL season.  It lists what team each player has been traded to, or claimed by, and for which players or draft picks, if applicable.

1998 NHL entry draft
The 1998 NHL entry draft was the 36th NHL entry draft. It was held on June 27 at the Marine Midland Arena in Buffalo, New York. A total of 258 players were drafted.

The last active players in the NHL from this draft class were Francois Beauchemin, Mike Fisher and Brian Gionta, who all retired after the 2017–18 season.