hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Salinity
Salinity (/səˈlɪnɪti/) is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity). It is usually measured in g/L or g/kg (grams of salt per liter/kilogram of water; the latter is dimensionless and equal to ‰).

Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of biological processes within it, and is a thermodynamic state variable that, along with temperature and pressure, governs physical characteristics like the density and heat capacity of the water. These in turn are important for understanding ocean currents and heat exchange with the atmosphere.

A contour line of constant salinity is called an isohaline, or sometimes isohale.

Heat capacity
Heat capacity or thermal capacity is a physical property of matter, defined as the amount of heat that must be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature. The SI unit of heat capacity is joule per kelvin (J/K). It quantifies the ability of a material or system to store thermal energy.

Heat capacity is an extensive property. The corresponding intensive property is the specific heat capacity, found by dividing the heat capacity of an object by its mass. Dividing the heat capacity by the amount of substance in moles yields its molar heat capacity. The volumetric heat capacity measures the heat capacity per volume.  In architecture and civil engineering, the heat capacity of a building is often referred to as its thermal mass.
George Banton
George Banton (1856 – 19 April 1932) was a Labour politician in England.

A long-serving alderman in Leicester, and leader of the Labour Party in Leicester,
Banton was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) Leicester East at a by-election March 1922.
He made his maiden speech on 4 April, about old-age pensions.

He was defeated at the general election in November 1922.

He regained the seat at the 1923 general election, but was defeated again at the 1924 general election.

1922 United Kingdom general election
A general election was held in the United Kingdom on Wednesday 15 November 1922. It was won by the Conservative Party, led by Prime Minister Bonar Law, which gained an overall majority over the Labour Party, led by J. R. Clynes, and a divided Liberal Party.

This election is considered one of political realignment, with the Liberal Party falling to third-party status. The Conservative Party went on to spend all but eight of the next forty-two years as the largest party in Parliament, and Labour emerged as the main competition to the Conservatives.

The election was the first not to be held in Southern Ireland, due to the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty on 6 December 1921, under which Southern Ireland was to secede from the United Kingdom as a Dominion – the Irish Free State – on 6 December 1922. This reduced the size of the House of Commons by nearly one hundred seats when compared to the previous election.
60th Filmfare Awards
The 60th Filmfare Awards were held to honour the best films of 2014 from the Hindi-language film industry. The ceremony was hosted by Karan Johar, Alia Bhatt and Kapil Sharma and  took place on 31 January 2015 at the Yash Raj Studio in Mumbai.

Queen led the ceremony with 13 nominations, followed by Haider and Highway with 9 nominations each.

Queen won 6 awards, including Best Film, Best Director (for Vikas Bahl) and Best Actress (for Kangana Ranaut), thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.

Haider was the runner-up of the ceremony with 5 awards, including Best Actor (for Shahid Kapoor), Best Supporting Actor (for Kay Kay Menon) and Best Supporting Actress (for Tabu).

Kay Kay Menon
Krishna Kumar Menon (born 2 October 1966), known professionally as Kay Kay Menon, is an Indian actor who works predominantly in Hindi cinema, and occasionally in Gujarati, Tamil, Marathi and Telugu films. He is best known for his roles in films such as Black Friday (2004), Deewar (2004), Sarkar (2005), Shaurya (2008), Gulaal (2009), Haider (2014), Baby (2015). He has starred in web series such as Special Ops, Farzi, The Railway Men and Citadel: Honey Bunny.
2025 Borchetta Bourbon Music City Grand Prix
The 2025 Borchetta Bourbon Music City Grand Prix was the seventeenth and final round of the 2025 IndyCar season. The race was held on August 31, 2025, in Lebanon, Tennessee at the Nashville Superspeedway. Due to construction of New Nissan Stadium, this was the second consecutive year that the race was held at the Superspeedway, The race was contested of 225 laps. Josef Newgarden won the race, Álex Palou finished 2nd, and Scott McLaughlin finished 3rd. Kyffin Simpson and Conor Daly rounded out the top five, while Kyle Kirkwood, Felix Rosenqvist, Santino Ferrucci, Callum Ilott, and Alexander Rossi rounded out the top ten.

Conor Daly
Conor James Daly (born December 15, 1991) is an American-Irish professional racing driver who last competed in the IndyCar Series driving the No. 76 Chevrolet for Juncos Hollinger Racing. He also competes occasionally in the NASCAR Cup Series and Xfinity Series and has also raced in the GP2 Series, ARCA Menards Series, Nitrocross and Road to Indy.
Vittoria Buttress
Vittoria Buttress (69°23′S 71°47′W﻿ / ﻿69.383°S 71.783°W﻿ / -69.383; -71.783) is a conspicuous rock cliff, rising to about 750 m, overlooking the southeast side of Lazarev Bay and forming the northwest extremity of the Lassus Mountains in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica. The feature was first mapped from air photographs taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947–48, by Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Tomas Luis de Victoria (1535–1611), Spanish composer.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Vittoria Buttress". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Alexander Island
Alexander Island, also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. The George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north–south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second-largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.
Outline of Joseph Smith
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the life and influence of Joseph Smith:

Joseph Smith (1805 – 1844) – central figure of Mormonism, whom the teachings of most List of sects in the Latter Day Saint movement hold to be the founding Prophet. Smith is also called the Prophet of the Restoration.

Smith Family Farm
The Smith Family Farm was the boyhood home of Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement.

The farm—located in the townships of Palmyra, Wayne County and Manchester, Ontario County, New York—includes the Sacred Grove, the Smiths' restored frame home, and a reconstructed log home. The farm site passed into ownership of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in 1915, and in the 1990s, the church restored the frame home, reconstructed the log home, and built a welcome center. Church missionaries provide free tours.
Quebec Route 221
Route 221 is a north–south highway in Quebec on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River, linking the US border south of Lacolle to Saint-Isidore.

The highway begins at the US border at the Overton Corners–Lacolle 221 Border Crossing, where it connects to New York State Route 276 (NY 276), and goes north, briefly running concurrently with Route 202 before reaching the urban area of Lacolle. It then continues north until Napierville where it goes west concurrently with Route 219 until they separate at Saint-Patrice-de-Sherrington, where Route 221 goes north toward Saint-Édouard. There it briefly goes roughly west via Saint-Michel and Saint-Rémi before turning northeast toward its terminus at Route 207 in the northern part of Saint-Isidore, just south of Autoroute 30.

Route 221 north begins past Overton Corners border station at US border

Route 221 runs through historic Odelltown locality.

Saint-Édouard, Quebec
Saint-Édouard (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿edwaʁ]) is a municipality in the Jardins de Napierville Regional County Municipality in Quebec, Canada, situated in the Montérégie administrative region. The population as of the 2021 Canadian census was 1,365.
M501 railway (Croatia)
The state border–Čakovec–Kotoriba–state border railway (Croatian: Pruga državna granica–Čakovec–Kotoriba–državna granica), officially designated as the M501 railway, is a 42.4-kilometre (26.3 mi) railway line in Croatia that connects the towns of Čakovec and Kotoriba to Slovene railway network via Pragersko and the Hungarian capital city Budapest via Murakeresztúr. The line is single-tracked and non-electrified, used for freight and passenger (local/commuter) transport.

The M501 railway connects to the rest of the Croatian railway network in Čakovec, where the R201 line extending south to Varaždin forms a junction with the M501. The M501 also connects to the L101 in Čakovec. The L101 serves Mursko Središće to the north of the M501 and also the town of Lendava in Slovenia.

Rail transport in Croatia
Rail transport in Croatia has existed since the 19th century. Since the country's independence in the early 1990s, the state-owned Croatian Railways (Croatian: Hrvatske željeznice, HŽ) has maintained the tracks and the rolling stock. This company was since split into HŽ Passenger Transport, HŽ Infrastructure and HŽ Cargo.
The Blacklist season 9
The ninth season of the American crime thriller television series The Blacklist premiered on October 21, 2021, on NBC, and ended on May 27, 2022. The season consisted of 22 episodes.

This is the first season without Jon Bokenkamp as showrunner and Megan Boone as Elizabeth Keen. It is also the last season to star Amir Arison as Aram Mojtabai and Laura Sohn as Alina Park.

The season is produced by Davis Entertainment, Universal Television and Sony Pictures Television. All executive producers (except Bokenkamp) remain the same: John Eisendrath, John Davis, Joe Carnahan and John Fox.

Davis Entertainment
Davis Entertainment (also known as Davis Entertainment Company) is an American independent film and television production company, founded by John Davis in 1984.

Davis's three divisions–feature film, independent film, and television–develop and produce film and television projects for the major studios, independent distributors, networks and cable broadcasters. The company itself has enjoyed a long-standing first-look production deal at 20th Century Studios, although it also produces projects for all studios and mini-majors.
Ernesto Forza
Ernesto Forza (Rome, 21 August 1900 – 13 April 1975) was an Italian admiral. During World War II he commanded the Decima Flottiglia MAS, the special operations unit of the Royal Italian Navy, from July 1940 to May 1943, and then its equivalent within the Italian Co-belligerent Navy, Mariassalto, after the armistice of Cassibile. He continued his career in the postwar Marina Militare.

Regia Marina
The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy', pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").
National Highway 151A (India)
National Highway 151A, commonly referred to as NH 151A is a national highway in India. It is a secondary route of National Highway 51.

NH-151A runs in the state of Gujarat in India. It starts at National Highway 51 Karungaa Chokdi in Dwarka and finishes at Maliya junction of National Highway 27 in the Morbi district.

Spur route
A spur route is a short road forming a branch from a longer, more important road such as a freeway, Interstate Highway, or motorway. A bypass or beltway is not considered a  spur route as it typically reconnects with another or the same major road.
John Kaye (screenwriter)
John Kaye (born August 31, 1941) is an American screenwriter, novelist and playwright. His feature credits as a screenwriter include American Hot Wax, Rafferty and the Gold Dust Twins and Where the Buffalo Roam. He also directed the feature film Forever Lulu, starring Melanie Griffith and Patrick Swayze. His novels Stars Screaming (1997) and The Dead Circus (2002) were published by the Atlantic Monthly/Grove Press. A graduate of U.C. Berkeley, Kaye was producer and writer of The Lohman and Barkley Show, a late-nite live, 90 minute, satirical show that ran for a year on KNBC, the NBC affiliate in Los Angeles in 1971. A precursor to Saturday Night Live, Kaye gave Barry Levinson, Craig T. Nelson, John Amos, and McLean Stevenson their first jobs in the entertainment business. In 2012,  The Los Angeles Review of Books began publishing his memoirs.

Rafferty and the Gold Dust Twins
Rafferty and the Gold Dust Twins is a 1975 American comedy-drama film directed by Dick Richards and written by John Kaye. The film was the second film credit for Jerry Bruckheimer, who was an associate producer.  The film features the song "Honky Tonk Angels", performed by lead actress Sally Kellerman.
1999 Caribbean Series
The forty-first edition of the Caribbean Series (Serie del Caribe) was held from February 2 through February 8 of 1999 with the champion baseball teams of the Dominican Republic, Tigres del Licey; Mexico, Águilas de Mexicali; Puerto Rico, Indios de Mayagüez, and Venezuela, Cardenales de Lara. The format consisted of 12 games, each team facing the other teams twice, and the games were played at Hiram Bithorn Stadium in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Cardenales de Lara
The Cardenales de Lara (English: Lara Cardinals) is a baseball team in the Venezuelan Professional Baseball League (LVBP). Founded in 1942 and based in Barquisimeto, the Cardenales have won seven domestic titles, including back-to-back in 1998 and 1999, 2019, 2020 and 2025.
Picacho Mountain
Picacho Mountain (Spanish: Cerro Picacho) is a mountain in Panama. It is located in San Carlos District on the western side of the Panamá Province. At the base of the peak there is a green lagoon named "Laguna de San Carlos" and the private mountain development Altos del Maria.

San Carlos District, Panama
San Carlos is a district (distrito) of West Panamá Province in Panama. The population according to the 2000 census was 15,541; the latest official estimate (for 2019) is 24,001. The district covers a total area of 338 km².

The capital city of the District is named San Carlos as well.
2022 Australia Day Honours
The 2022 Australia Day Honours are appointments to various orders and honours to recognise and reward good works by Australian citizens. The list was announced on 26 January 2022 by the Governor General of Australia, David Hurley.

The Australia Day Honours are the first of the two major annual honours lists, the first announced to coincide with Australia Day (26 January), with the other being the Queen's Birthday Honours, which are announced on the second Monday in June.

1,040 people have been recognised in this honours list with 732 going to civilians and 47% of the list are women.

Conspicuous Service Cross (Australia)
The Conspicuous Service Cross (CSC) is a decoration (medal) of the Australian honours system. It is awarded to members of the Australian Defence Force "for outstanding devotion to duty or outstanding achievement in the application of exceptional skills, judgment or dedication, in non-warlike situations". In November 2019, 1129 people were listed as recipients. All ranks are eligible for the award.
Effort to impeach Getúlio Vargas
The effort to impeach Getúlio Vargas was a process openly aiming to remove Getúlio Vargas from the Presidency of Brazil in 1954.

It was rejected by the Chamber of Deputies on 16 June 1954 in a vote of 136 to 35 with 40 abstentions. There were accusations of benefiting the newspaper Última Hora and attempting to install what was called a "syndicalist republic". Besides his victory in the process, he didn't conclude his term because, under pressure of the military and the attack against the opposition leader Carlos Lacerda, Vargas committed suicide on 24 August 1954. The Getulist coalition, being not so solid, had 57% of the Chamber.

President of Brazil
The president of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente do Brasil), officially the president of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente da República Federativa do Brasil) or simply the President of the Republic, is the head of state and head of government of Brazil.

The presidential system was established in 1889, upon the proclamation of the republic in a military coup d'état against Emperor Pedro II. Since then, Brazil has had six constitutions, three dictatorships, and three democratic periods. The Constitution of Brazil, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities of the president, their term of office and the method of election.

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is the 39th and current president. He was sworn in on 1 January 2023.
Hell's Corner
Hell's Corner is a crime novel written by David Baldacci. This is the fifth and final installment to feature the Camel Club, a small group of Washington, D.C. civilian misfits led by "Oliver Stone", an ex-Green Beret and a former CIA trained assassin. The book was initially published on November 9, 2010, by Grand Central Publishing.

Grand Central Publishing
Grand Central Publishing is a book publishing imprint of Hachette Book Group, originally established in 1970 as Warner Books when Kinney National Company acquired the New York City-based Paperback Library. When Time Warner sold their book publishing business to Hachette Livre in March 2007, the North American operations of the Time Warner Book Group were renamed Hachette Book Group, while the group's Warner Books imprint became Grand Central Publishing, named in part by the proximity of their new offices to New York's Grand Central Terminal.

In addition to the Grand Central imprint itself, Grand Central Publishing has several sub-imprints, including Balance, Forever/Forever Yours, Legacy Lit, and Twelve.
2-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol
2-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethanol is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H15NO2 and is a liquid at room temperature. Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol is polyfunctional, having a tertiary amine, ether and hydroxyl functionality. Like other organic amines, it acts as a weak base.

Room temperature
Room temperature, colloquially, denotes the range of air temperatures most people find comfortable indoors while dressed in typical clothing. Comfortable temperatures can be extended beyond this range depending on humidity, air circulation, and other factors.

In certain fields, like science and engineering, and within a particular context, room temperature can mean different agreed-upon ranges. In contrast, ambient temperature is the actual temperature, as measured by a thermometer, of the air (or other medium and surroundings) in any particular place. The ambient temperature (e.g. an unheated room in winter) may be very different from an ideal room temperature.

Food and beverages may be served at "room temperature", meaning neither heated nor cooled.
Agnieszka Korneluk
Agnieszka Korneluk, née Kąkolewska (born 17 October 1994) is a Polish volleyball player of Fenerbahçe.  She is playing as a middle blocker and part of the Poland women's national volleyball team.

She competed at the 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship, and 2019 Montreux Volley Masters.
On club level she played for SMS PZPS Sosnowiec.

2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 28th edition of the European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted by Germany and Switzerland from 6 to 14 September 2013. The matches took place in 5 different cities (4 in Germany and one in Switzerland) with the final being played in Berlin.

Russia defeated Germany 3–1 in the final to capture their 18th title and the qualification for the 2013 FIVB Women's World Grand Champions Cup.
Nine Puzzles
Nine Puzzles (Korean: 나인 퍼즐) is a South Korean mystery crime thriller television series written by Lee Eun-mi, directed by Yoon Jong-bin and Kim Jung-ho, and starring Kim Da-mi and Son Suk-ku. The series follows a ten-year-old cold case that involves a new string of baffling murders, all related to mysterious puzzles. It was released on Disney+ on May 21, 2025.

Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency
37°34′29″N 126°58′20″E﻿ / ﻿37.574651°N 126.972209°E﻿ / 37.574651; 126.972209

The Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency (SMPA; Korean: 서울특별시경찰청; Hanja: 서울特別市警察廳; RR: Seoulteugbyeolsigyeongchalcheong) is the primary police force for the South Korean capital city of Seoul. The agency is not an independent police force, but is one of eighteen provincial sub-divisions of the National Police Agency. The SMPA is headquartered along with the National Police Headquarters in Seoul. While modern police agencies of Seoul can trace their history back to 1945 with the creation of a Korean police force, the modern-day Metropolitan Police Agency in Seoul came into being on August 1, 1991 and currently polices over 10 million inhabitants.
Wissenschaftspark Leipzig
Wissenschaftspark Leipzig (in English: Leipzig Science Park) refers to both a research site in the Leipzig borough northeast and an registered association of the institutions represented there (Wissenschaftspark Leipzig/Permoserstraße e. V.).

The tasks worked on by the represented institutions range from basic scientific research to the application of its results to the production of scientific equipment.

Registered association (Germany)
An eingetragener Verein (German: [ˈaɪnɡəˌtʁaːɡənɐ fɛɐˈʔaɪn]; lit. 'registrated association'), abbreviated e.V. (German: [ˌeːˈfaʊ] ⓘ), is a legal status for a registered voluntary association in Germany. While any group may be called a Verein, registration as eingetragener Verein confers many legal benefits, because it confers the status of a juridical person rather than just a group of individuals. The legal status must be mentioned in the name as well. Like certain other corporate bodies, an eingetragener Verein can apply for the status of a charitable organization (Gemeinnützigkeit).
Sewell Barn Theatre
Sewell Barn Theatre is located in the grounds of Sewell Park Academy (formerly the Blyth school, later the Blyth-Jex school and Sewell Park College) on Constitution Hill in Norwich, England. It is home to a popular amateur theatre company, with close historical links to the author Anna Sewell who wrote Black Beauty.

Black Beauty
Black Beauty: His Grooms and Companions, the Autobiography of a Horse is an 1877 novel by English author Anna Sewell. It was written from a horse as main character's perspective. She wrote it in the last years of her life, during which she was bedridden and seriously ill. The novel became an immediate best-seller, with Sewell dying just five months after its publication, but having lived long enough to see her only novel become a success. With over fifty million copies sold, Black Beauty is one of the best-selling books of all time.

While forthrightly teaching animal welfare, it also teaches how to treat people with kindness, sympathy, and respect. In 2003, the novel was listed at number 58 on the BBC's survey The Big Read. It is seen as a forerunner of the pony book genre.