hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vlastimil Pták
Vlastimil Pták (Czech pronunciation: [ˈvlascɪmɪl ˈptaːk]; 8 November 1925 in Prague – 5 May  1999) was a Czech mathematician. He worked in functional analysis, theoretical numerical analysis, and linear algebra. Notable early work include generalizations of the open mapping theorem.

During 1945–1949, Vlastimil Pták studied mathematics and physics at the Charles University in Prague. Later, he worked at the university and since 1952 in Mathematical Institute of Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. In 1965 he was named professor at the Charles University. He has published more than 160 mathematical research papers. He had three Ph.D. students:  Nicholas Young, Michal Zajac and Miroslav Engliš.

Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
The Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (Czech: Československá akademie věd, Slovak: Česko-slovenská akadémia vied) was established in 1953 to be the scientific center for Czechoslovakia. It was succeeded by the Czech Academy of Sciences (Akademie věd České republiky) and Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovenská akadémia vied) in 1992.
Elk Neck State Park
Elk Neck State Park is a public recreation area located between Chesapeake Bay and the Elk River near the southern tip of the Elk Neck Peninsula in Cecil County, Maryland. The state park is home to the historic Turkey Point Light and offers land-based and water-based recreation. The park is located on MD 272, eight miles (13 km) south of the town of North East, and 13 miles (21 km) south of exit 100 on I-95. It is operated by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.

Elk River (Maryland)
The Elk River is a tidal tributary of the Chesapeake Bay on the Eastern Shore of Maryland and on the northern edge of the Delmarva Peninsula. It is about 15 miles (24 km) long.  As the most northeastern extension of the Chesapeake Bay estuary, it has served as one entrance to the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal since the 19th century. The canal and river now serve as one boundary of the Elk Neck Peninsula. The river flows through Cecil County, Maryland, with its watershed extending into New Castle County, Delaware and Chester County, Pennsylvania. Elkton, the county seat of Cecil County, is located at its head.  Its total watershed area is 143 square miles (370 km2) (including the Bohemia River), with 21 square miles (54 km2) of open water, so its watershed is 15% open water. It is south and east of the North East River, and north of the Sassafras River.
Josua Koroibulu
Josua "Josh" Koroibulu is a Fijian professional rugby league footballer who has played for the Milton-Ulladulla Bulldogs, the Guyra Super Spuds and the Armidale Rams (of Group 19 Rugby League, in Armidale, New South Wales). In 2008 he was named rookie of the year by the Fiji National Rugby League. He was selected for Fiji squad in the 2008 Rugby League World Cup, but he did not play in any of Fiji's four matches.

In March 2010 he was selected for the Gympie Devils.

Group 19 Rugby League
The New England Group 19 Rugby League competition is a Rugby league competition which is run under the auspices of the NSWRL, which absorbed the NSWCRL in 2019. It is based in the New England region. It was originally called the Group 5 Rugby League Premiership but that competition merged with another local competition to form New England Group 19. The competition is generally played on Sundays throughout the winter months, with strong local rivalries as well as inter – town rivalries.
Chitinimonas koreensis
Chitinimonas koreensis is a Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive motile bacterium with a single flagellum of the genus Chitinimonas and the family Burkholderiaceae which was isolated from greenhouse soil in Korea.

Catalase
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes; one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules to water and oxygen each second.

Catalase is a tetramer of four polypeptide chains, each over 500 amino acids long. It contains four iron-containing heme groups that allow the enzyme to react with hydrogen peroxide. The optimum pH for human catalase is approximately 7, and has a fairly broad maximum: the rate of reaction does not change appreciably between pH 6.8 and 7.5. The pH optimum for other catalases varies between 4 and 11 depending on the species. The optimum temperature also varies by species.
Chemical table file
Chemical table file (CT file) is a family of text-based chemical file formats that describe molecules and chemical reactions. One format, for example, lists each atom in a molecule, the x-y-z coordinates of that atom, and the bonds among the atoms.

The formats were created by MDL Information Systems (MDL), which was acquired by Symyx Technologies then merged with Accelrys Corp., and now called BIOVIA, a subsidiary of Dassault Systèmes of Dassault Group.

The CT file is an open format. BIOVIA publishes its specification. BIOVIA requires users to register to download the CT file format specifications.

BIOVIA
BIOVIA is a software company headquartered in the United States, with representation in Europe and Asia. It provides software for chemical, materials and bioscience research for the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, consumer packaged goods, aerospace, energy and chemical industries.

Previously named Accelrys, it is a wholly owned subsidiary of Dassault Systèmes after an April 2014 acquisition and has been renamed BIOVIA.
Danielle Brown
Danielle Brown MBE (born 10 April 1988) is a British competitive archer and award winning children's author. She competed in the Paralympic Games, winning gold medals in Beijing 2008 and London 2012, and has also won medals shooting in the able-bodied category, including at the Commonwealth Games.

She was born in Steeton, West Yorkshire.

University of Leicester
The University of Leicester (/ˈlɛstər/ ⓘ LEST-ər) is a public research university based in Leicester, England. The main campus is south of the city centre, adjacent to Victoria Park. The university's predecessor, University College, Leicester, gained university status in 1957.

The university had an income of £395.0 million in 2024/25, of which £84.9 million was from research grants, with an expenditure of £407.3 million.

The university is known for the invention of genetic fingerprinting, and for partially funding the discovery and the DNA identification of the remains of King Richard III in Leicester.
Aljaž Tower
Aljaž Tower (Slovene: Aljažev stolp) or the Triglav Tower (Triglavski stolp) is a tower, a storm shelter and a triangulation point on the summit of Mount Triglav in northwestern Slovenia. Along with Triglav, it is a landmark of Slovenia and a symbol of the Slovenehood. The tower was designed by Jakob Aljaž, a priest in the Upper Carniolan village of Dovje, who also had it erected, in 1895. Today it is owned by the state, tended by the Ljubljana Matica Alpine Club and stands on a parcel belonging to the Municipality of Bohinj.

Bohinj
Bohinj (Slovene pronunciation: [ˈbɔ̀ːxin]; German: Wochein), or the Bohinj Valley (Slovene: Bohinjska dolina) or Bohinj Basin (Slovene: Bohinjska kotlina), is a 20 km long and 5 km wide basin in the Julian Alps, in the Upper Carniola region of northwestern Slovenia. It is traversed by the Sava Bohinjka river. Its main feature is the periglacial Lake Bohinj (Slovene: Bohinjsko jezero). Bohinj is part of the Municipality of Bohinj, the seat of which is Bohinjska Bistrica.
Velvet (Wink album)
Velvet (ベルベット, Berubetto) is the fourth studio album by Japanese idol duo Wink, released by Polystar on July 11, 1990. It features the No. 1 single "Sexy Music", a Japanese-language cover of The Nolans' 1981 single. Also included in the album are covers of Carmin's "Dos Hombres", the Nolans' "I'm in the Mood for Dancing", Kool & the Gang's "Cherish", and Eddie Hodges' "I'm Gonna Knock on Your Door". Velvet was Wink's first album to feature Satoshi Kadokura as the duo's music arranger.

The album peaked at No. 4 on Oricon's albums chart and sold over 198,000 copies. It was also certified Gold by the RIAJ.

Recording Industry Association of Japan
The Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) (日本レコード協会, Nihon Rekōdo Kyōkai) is an industry trade group composed of Japanese corporations involved in the music industry. It was founded in 1942 as the Japan Phonogram Record Cultural Association, and adopted its current name in 1969.

The RIAJ's activities include promotion of music sales, enforcement of copyright law, and research related to the Japanese music industry. It publishes the annual RIAJ Year Book, a statistical summary of each year's music sales, as well as distributing a variety of other data.

Headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, the RIAJ has twenty member companies and a smaller number of associate and supporting members; some member companies are the Japanese branches of multinational corporations headquartered elsewhere.

The association is responsible for certifying gold and platinum albums and singles in Japan.
Alejandro Anreus
Alejandro Anreus is a curator, art historian and critic who has focused his research on Latin American Art. Though he began his career as an artist, Anreus is now an art historian and poet, and is professor of art history and Latin American/Latino Studies at William Paterson University. Among his many accomplishments, Anreus is a two-time recipient of the Oscar B. Cintas Foundation and has worked as a curator with public collections such as the Montclair Art Museum and the Jersey City Museum during his career.

El Museo del Barrio
El Museo del Barrio, often known simply as El Museo (the museum), is a museum at 1230 Fifth Avenue in Upper Manhattan, New York City. It is located near the northern end of Fifth Avenue's Museum Mile, immediately north of the Museum of the City of New York. Founded in 1969, El Museo specializes in Latin American and Caribbean art, with an emphasis on works from Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican community in New York City. It is the oldest museum of the country dedicated to Latino art.
Duane Eubanks
Duane Eubanks (born January 24, 1969, in Philadelphia) is an American jazz trumpeter and flugelhornist,  known for his participation in Dave Holland's big band. He is the younger brother of Kevin Eubanks and Robin Eubanks. He also has a twin, Shane Eubanks.

Dave Holland (bassist)
David Holland (born 1 October 1946) is an English double bassist, bass guitarist, cellist, composer and bandleader who has been performing and recording for five decades. He has lived in the United States since the early 1970s.

His extensive discography ranges from solo performances to pieces for big band. Holland runs his own independent record label, Dare2, which he launched in 2005.
Herbert, Saskatchewan
Herbert is a town in the Rural Municipality of Morse No. 165, in southwest Saskatchewan, Canada. The community is 48 km east of the city of Swift Current, and 197 km west of Regina, the provincial capital, on the Trans-Canada Highway. Its population as of 2016 was 856.

Herbert was named after the British diplomat Sir Michael Henry Herbert. It is the hometown of CBC Sports broadcaster Don Wittman. Herbert was also the home of former senator Jack Wiebe.

Swift Current
Swift Current is the sixth-largest city in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is situated along the Trans Canada Highway, 177 kilometres (110 mi) west of Moose Jaw, 223 kilometres (139 mi) east of Medicine Hat, Alberta, and 254 kilometres (158 mi) west of the provincial capital city, Regina. As of 2021, Swift Current has an estimated population of 16,750, a growth of 0.9% from the 2016 census population of 16,604. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Swift Current No. 137.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on consumer products
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an immediate decrease in the number of product offerings by consumer goods manufacturers, and change in business decision making by many producers that the Wall Street Journal said was likely to be long-term.

Final good
A final good or consumer good is a final product ready for sale that is used by the consumer to satisfy current wants or needs, unlike an intermediate good, which is used to produce other goods. A microwave oven or a bicycle is a final good.

When used in measures of national income and output, the term "final goods" includes only new goods. For example, gross domestic product (GDP) excludes items counted in an earlier year to prevent double counting based on resale of items. In that context, the economic definition of goods also includes what are commonly known as services.

Manufactured goods refer to products that have undergone processing or assembly, distinguishing them from raw materials.
Morahan
Morahan is an Irish surname, from the Irish Ó Murcháin, meaning 'sea-warrior'. Notable people with the surname include:

Andy Morahan (born 1958), English commercial, film and music video director

Caroline Morahan (born 1977), Irish actress and television host

Christopher Morahan (born 1929), English stage and television director and producing manager

Edythe Morahan de Lauzon, Canadian poet

Eugene Morahan (1869–1949), American sculptor

Hattie Morahan (born 1978), English television, film and stage actress

Jim Morahan (1902–1976), British art director

Luke Morahan (born 1990), Australian Rugby Union Player

Thomas Morahan (1931–2010), member of the New York State Senate

Thomas N. Morahan (1906-1969), British film designer

BJ Morahan Irelands Oldest Bar in the same family since 1641. Morahans Bar, Roscommon, Ireland.

Hattie Morahan
Harriet Jane Morahan (born 7 October 1978), better known as Hattie Morahan, is an English actress. Her roles include Sister Clara in The Golden Compass (2007), Gale Benson in The Bank Job  (2008), Alice in The Bletchley Circle (2012–2014), Ann in Mr. Holmes (2015), Rose Coyne in My Mother and Other Strangers (2016), Agathe/The Enchantress in Beauty and the Beast (2017), Corinne Aldrich in Luther: The Fallen Sun, Louise in Hijack, and Caroline Burkett in Fool Me Once.
Emmay Entertainment
Emmay Entertainment and Motion Pictures LLP is an Indian content production company based in Mumbai, India. It was founded by Nikkhil Advani, Monisha Advani and Madhu Bhojwani in 2011. After its inception, it began with full-length feature films and gradually expanded to television, short films, telefilms and digital content.

Rajendra Chawla
Rajendra Chawla is an Indian actor. He is predominantly known for his roles in the films A Wednesday!, Mumbai Mirror, M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story, and Paisa Paisa, and the television series Saas Bina Sasural, Ghar Ki Lakshmi Betiyann, Maat Pitaah Ke Charnon Mein Swarg, Sanskaar – Dharohar Apnon Ki, and Bahu Hamari Rajni Kant.

In 2020, he was seen in Sony SAB's Tera Yaar Hoon Main.
Mount Edison
Mount Edison is an 11,450-foot (3,490 m) elevation glaciated summit located 36 mi (58 km) northwest of Valdez in the Chugach Mountains of the U.S. state of Alaska. Set on land managed by Chugach National Forest, this remote peak is situated 4.7 mi (8 km) northwest of Mount Einstein, near the head Columbia Glacier. It is part of the Dora Keen Range, which is a 25-miles-long divide separating Harvard Glacier from Yale Glacier. The mountain was named by members of the Chugach Mountains Expedition in 1955, and later officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names to honor Thomas Edison (1847–1931), who has been described as America's greatest inventor.

Valdez, Alaska
Valdez (/vælˈdiːz/ val-DEEZ; Alutiiq: Suacit) is a city in the Chugach Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. In 2020, the population of Valdez was 3,985, up slightly from 3,976 in 2010. It is the third most populated city in Alaska's Unorganized Borough.

Valdez was named in 1790 after the Spanish Navy Minister Antonio Valdés y Fernández Bazán. A former Gold Rush town, it is located at the head of Port Valdez on the eastern side of Prince William Sound. Valdez was incorporated in 1901, and flourished after the road link to Fairbanks was constructed in 1910. It suffered catastrophic damage during the 1964 Alaska earthquake, and is located near the site of the disastrous 1989 Exxon Valdez oil tanker spill. Today, it is one of the most important ports in Alaska, a commercial fishing port as well as a freight terminal. Valdez is the terminus for the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System.
Agecroft
Agecroft is a suburban area of Pendlebury, within the City of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. It lies within the Irwell Valley, on the west bank of the River Irwell and along the course of the Manchester, Bolton & Bury Canal. It comprises a section of Pendlebury's high ground bisected by the A6044 (Agecroft Road), its main thoroughfare; Kersal and Salford are across the river to the east. Agecroft Cemetery and HM Prison Forest Bank are in the area.

Historically a part of Lancashire, Agecroft emerged as a manor of Pendlebury. With local government reforms in the 19th century, Agecroft became a constituent district of the Municipal Borough of Swinton and Pendlebury. Agecroft Bridge railway station was on the Manchester, Bolton and Bury Railway between 1838 and 1861; Agecroft Colliery opened as a commercial coal mine in 1844; and Agecroft Power Station was a coal-fired power station between 1925 and 1993.

Pendlebury
Pendlebury is a town in the City of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. The population at the 2011 Census was 13,069. It lies 4 miles (6 km) north-west of Manchester, 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Salford and 6 miles (10 km) south-east of Bolton.

Historically in Lancashire, Pendlebury, together with the neighbouring settlements of Swinton and Clifton, formed the municipal borough of Swinton and Pendlebury. Pendlebury saw extensive coal extraction from several collieries until the closure of Agecroft Colliery in the 1990s.
2nd Guards Tank Army
The 2nd Guards Tank Army (Russian: 2-я гвардейская танковая армия, romanized: 2-ya gvardeyskaya tankovaya armiya) was a large military formation of the Red Army and Soviet Army, later part of the Russian Ground Forces of the Russian Federation.

The army was originally formed in early 1943 as the 2nd Tank Army. It was the first Red Army unit to enter Berlin during the Battle of Berlin.

Russian Ground Forces
The Russian Ground Forces (Russian: Сухопу́тные войска́ [СВ], romanized: Sukhopútnye Voyská [SV]), also known as the Russian Army in English, are the land forces of the Russian Armed Forces.

The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Forces are the protection of the state borders and land-based combat operations.
The president of Russia is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces is appointed by the president of Russia. The Main Command of the Ground Forces is based in Moscow.
Titanic Collapsible Boat B
Collapsible Boat B was a lifeboat from the Titanic. It was one of the last boats launched to sea, over two and a half hours after the Titanic collided with an iceberg and began sinking on 14 April 1912. Collapsible B could not be successfully launched, and it was washed off deck and upside down when the Titanic made her final plunge at 2:20 a.m. It carried mostly men, including Second Officer Charles Lightoller, who took command of the boat until being picked up by others who came to their rescue.

Pen and Sword Books
Pen and Sword Books, also stylised as Pen & Sword, is a British publisher which specialises in printing and distributing books in both hardback and softback on military history, militaria and other niche subjects, primarily focused on the United Kingdom. Pen and Sword has over 6,000 titles available in print, and also available as ebook download.  Releasing 500 new titles each year on a variety of subjects, it is part of the Barnsley Chronicle newspaper group.
Cornell Big Red women's basketball
The Cornell Big Red women's basketball team is the intercollegiate women's basketball program representing Cornell University. The school competes in the Ivy League in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Big Red play home basketball games at the Newman Arena in Ithaca, New York on the university campus.

Cornell Big Red
Cornell Big Red is the informal name of the sports and other competitive teams that represent Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. The university sponsors 37 varsity sports, and several intramural and club teams. Cornell participates in NCAA Division I as part of the Ivy League.

The men's and women's ice hockey teams compete in the ECAC Hockey League. Additionally, teams compete in the National Intercollegiate Women's Fencing Association, the Collegiate Sprint Football League, the Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges (EARC), the Eastern Association of Women's Rowing Colleges (EAWRC), the Middle Atlantic Intercollegiate Sailing Association, and until 2025 the Eastern Intercollegiate Wrestling Association (EIWA).
Yemen at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics
The Republic of Yemen competed at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics from August 27 to September 4 in Daegu, South Korea.
A team of 2 athletes was
announced to represent the country
in the event.

2011 World Championships in Athletics
The 13th IAAF World Championships in Athletics (Korean: 2011년세계육상선수권대회) was an international athletics competition that was held in Daegu, South Korea. It started on 27 August 2011 and finished on 4 September 2011.

The United States topped the medal standings in the competition with 28 (12 gold, 9 silver, and 7 bronze). During the competition, 41 national records, 4 area records, 3 championship records, and 1 world record was set.

The championships were heavily affected by post-championship doping cases, particularly from the Russian team, who in subsequent years were stripped of eleven medals, seven of them gold.
Adelaide Avenue
Adelaide Avenue is a limited-access road in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.

The road connects Yarralumla with the Parliament House area.  Adelaide Avenue is a popular tourist route, since Parliament house, The Lodge, the residence of the Australian Prime Minister, and the Royal Australian Mint, can be seen from it. It continues as Yarra Glen to link to the district of Woden.

The far right lane was used as a bus lane until December 2006, but due to the Gungahlin Drive Extension it was changed to a T2 transit lane. The T2 lane was reverted to a bus lane on 14 November 2011 after the completion of the Gungahlin Drive Extension. However a week after the lane was turned back to a bus lane the ACT Liberals and the ACT Greens overturned the decision, resulting in the lane changing to a T2 lane despite the wishes of the Labor party and the Transport Workers Union.

Government House, Canberra
Government House, colloquially known as Yarralumla, is the official residence of the governor-general of Australia. It is located in the suburb of Yarralumla in the Australian capital city of Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory. The main residence is set amid 54 hectares (130 acres) of parkland. The house and its associated grounds were added to the Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004.

At Government House, the governor-general of Australia presides over meetings of the Federal Executive Council, and holds investitures to present honours within the Order of Australia and associated Australian military, bravery and civil decorations. The governor-general also receives visiting heads of state and other dignitaries and the credentials of ambassadors to Australia, and entertains people from all walks of life. The Monarch of Australia also uses Government House when they are in Canberra.