hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mulghar Union
Mulghar Union (Bengali: বেতাগা ইউনিয়ন) is a Union Parishad under Fakirhat Upazila of Bagerhat District in the division of Khulna, Bangladesh. It has an area of 48.25 km2 (18.63 sq mi) and a population of 18,640.

Fakirhat Upazila
Fakirhat (Bengali: ফকিরহাট) is a Upazila (sub-district) of Bagerhat District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh. The medieval Sixty Dome Mosque (ষাট গম্বুজ মসজিদ) and the Khan Jahan Ali Mazar are situated here.
Warwick Uniting Church
Warwick Uniting Church is a heritage-listed Uniting church at 37 Guy Street (corner of Fitzroy Street), Warwick, Southern Downs Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1869 to 1922. It is also known as St Andrew's Presbyterian Church. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 24 March 2000.

Prior to the church's affiliation with the Uniting Church, the building was a place of worship for members of the Presbyterian Church of Australia.

Southern Downs Region
The Southern Downs Region is a local government area (LGA) in the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia. The region runs along the state's southern boundary with New South Wales and was created in 2008 from a merger of the Shire of Warwick and the Shire of Stanthorpe. As at 2024, it has an area of 7,088 square kilometres (2,737 sq mi).

In the 2021 census, the Southern Downs Region had a population of 36,290 people.
Munson Building
The Munson Building is a historic building located in Independence, Iowa, United States.  The Late Victorian French Renaissance style building was built in 1893.  The three-story brick structure is composed of two symmetrical units that form an asymmetrical structure.  It has a four sided tower that is capped with a pointed tile roof and features decorative tin work.  The building was named for Perry Munson, a local businessman who was a machinist and blacksmith by trade, who bequeathed $5,000 for its construction.  The building housed a variety of programs geared toward the community's youth.  They were trained in mechanical arts such as printing, drafting, and woodworking.  It also housed the Y.M.C.A., public library, Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, and other community groups.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Girl Scouts of the USA
Girl Scouts of the United States of America (GSUSA), commonly referred to as Girl Scouts, is a youth organization for girls in the United States and American girls living abroad. 
It was founded by Juliette Gordon Low in 1912, a year after she had met Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of Scouting (formerly Boy Scouts).

The stated mission of Girl Scouts is to "[build] girls of courage, confidence, and character, who make the world a better place" through activities involving camping, community service, and practical skills such as first aid. Members can earn badges by completing certain tasks and mastering skills. More senior members may be eligible for awards, such as the Bronze, Silver, and Gold Awards. Membership is organized according to grade level, with activities designed for each level. The organization is a member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS).
Croatan National Forest
The Croatan National Forest (/ˈkroʊətæn/) is a U.S. national forest, was established on July 29, 1936, and is located on the Atlantic coast of North Carolina. It is administered by the United States Forest Service, a part of the United States Department of Agriculture. The forest is managed together with the other three North Carolina National Forests (Nantahala, Pisgah, and Uwharrie) from common headquarters in Asheville, North Carolina. However, Croatan has a local ranger district office in New Bern.

In 2023, more than 32,000 acres burned in the Great Lakes Fire, which began on April 19 and continued until heavy rains in June.

National Park Service ranger
National Park Service rangers are among the uniformed employees charged with protecting and preserving areas set aside in the National Park System by the United States Congress and the President of the United States. While all employees of the agency contribute to the National Park Service mission of preserving unimpaired the natural and cultural resources set aside by the American people for future generations, the term "park ranger" is traditionally used to describe all National Park Service employees who wear the uniform. Broadly speaking, all National Park Service rangers promote stewardship of the resources in their care—either voluntary stewardship via resource interpretation, or compliance with statute or regulation through law enforcement.  These comprise the two main disciplines of the ranger profession in the National Park Service.
Beverley Shenstone
Beverley Strahan Shenstone MASc, HonFRAes, FAIAA, AFIAS, FCAISI, HonOSTIV (10 June 1906 – 9 November 1979) was a Canadian aerodynamicist often credited with developing the aerodynamics of the Supermarine Spitfire elliptical wing. In his later career, he established the technical foundation of British commercial airline industry and promoted human-powered flight.

Royal Aeronautical Society
The Royal Aeronautical Society, also known as the RAeS, is a British multi-disciplinary professional institution dedicated to the global aerospace community. Founded in 1866, it is the oldest aeronautical society in the world. Members, Fellows, and Companions of the society can use the post-nominal letters MRAeS, FRAeS, or CRAeS, respectively.
Jungle Jim's International Market
Jungle Jim's International Market, formerly Jungle Jim's Farmer's Market, is a large specialty supermarket in Fairfield, Ohio, with a satellite location in Union Township, Clermont County, both near Cincinnati. The main location is roughly 200,000 square feet (4.6 acres or 18,580 square meters), and has been described as a theme park of food. Jungle Jim's offers one of the largest wine selections in the United States, live seafood tanks, and an in-store cooking school. Each week, the store is visited by about 82,000 shoppers, whom founder "Jungle" Jim Bonaminio calls "foodies". Many of the specialty foods in international departments are difficult to find elsewhere in the Greater Cincinnati area, and customers have been known to drive from other cities for the store's wide variety of food. Jungle Jim’s is also known for its use of animatronics as well as other displays.

Foodie
A foodie is a person who has an ardent or refined interest in food, and who eats food not only out of hunger but also as a hobby. The related terms "gastronome" and "gourmet" define roughly the same thing, i.e. a person who enjoys food for pleasure; the connotation of "foodie" differs slightly—an everyday person with a love for food culture and different foods. Some, such as Paul Levy, say the foodie can still be a "foodist". Foodie in slang can be used to describe someone who searches out food and bases their schedule around that endeavor.
Henry Ó Mealláin
Henry Ó Mealláin, O.F.M. (c. 1579 – after 1642) was an Irish Franciscan friar, and sometime Guardian of the Franciscan Friars of Armagh.

Ó Mealláin was born in Dromiskin, County Louth, and educated at the Irish College of Salamanca. He returned to Ireland in 1605 as a priest. In 1625 he was nominated for the see of Armagh, but Aodh Mac Aingil was chosen instead.

He has been mistaken as the author of Cín Lae Uí Mhealláin, which was written by his kinsman, Tarlach Ó Mealláin. Tarlach attended a sermon preached by Henry at Carnteel on the first Sunday of Lent in 1642, and mentioned it in his Cín Lae, demonstrating that he and Henry were two different people.

Armagh
Armagh (/ɑːrˈmɑː/ ar-MAH; Irish: Ard Mhacha, IPA: [ˌaːɾˠd̪ˠ ˈwaxə], "Macha's height") is a city and the county town of County Armagh, in Northern Ireland, as well as a civil parish. It is the ecclesiastical capital of Ireland – the seat of the Archbishops of Armagh, the Primates of All Ireland for both the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of Ireland. In ancient times, nearby Navan Fort (Eamhain Mhacha) was a pagan ceremonial site and one of the great royal capitals of Gaelic Ireland. Today, Armagh is home to two cathedrals (both named after Saint Patrick) and the Armagh Observatory, and is known for its Georgian architecture.

Statistically classed as a medium-sized town by NISRA, Armagh was given city status in 1994 and Lord Mayoralty status in 2012. It had a population of 16,310 people in the 2021 Census.
Stigmella desperatella
Stigmella desperatella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found from Estonia to the Pyrenees, Italy and Bulgaria, and from Great Britain to Ukraine.

The wingspan is 4–5 mm. Adults are on wing in June.

The larvae feed on Malus baccata, Malus domestica, Malus sylvestris and Pyrus communis. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Malus sylvestris
Malus sylvestris, the European crab apple, also known as the European wild apple or simply the crab apple, is a species of the genus Malus. Its scientific name means "forest apple", reflecting its habitat. It is native to western Eurasia.
Dalmary
Dalmary is a small hamlet in Stirling, Scotland, situated in the civil parish of Drymen.

Unlike other settlements in the Drymen civil parish, Dalmary has an FK postcode whereas Drymen has a G postcode. It is also in the catchment area for Gartmore Primary School, which is in the catchment area for McLaren High School, however Dalmary is in the catchment area for Balfron High School.

Balfron High School
Balfron High School is a secondary school situated in the village of Balfron, approximately 18 miles (29 km) west of Stirling and 16 miles (26 km) north of Glasgow. The catchment area extends over most of West Stirlingshire including the villages of Arnprior, Balfron, Balmaha, Blanefield, Buchlyvie, Croftamie, Drymen, Fintry, Killearn, Kippen, Milton of Buchanan and Strathblane, along with the hamlets of Balfron Station, Boquhan, Buchanan Smithy, Dumgoyne, Gartness and Mugdock. The school also has pupils attending from other nearby areas of Dunbartonshire and Stirlingshire.
Tunde ke kabab
Tunday ke kebab also known as Galouti kebab, is a dish made out of minced meat strongly associated with the city of Lucknow, India. It is a part of Awadhi cuisine. It is said to incorporate 160 different spices. Ingredients include finely minced buffalo meat, plain yogurt, garam masala, grated ginger, crushed garlic, ground cardamom, powdered cloves, melted ghee, dried mint, small onions cut into rings, vinegar, saffron, rose water, sugar, and lime. Galouti Kebab was popularised by the Nawab of Awadh Wajid Ali Shah of Lucknow. Lucknow restaurant Tunday Kababi, started in 1905, is famous for serving buffalo meat galouti kebab.

In India, due to dietary and religious restrictions, galouti kebab is also made with minced mutton and minced chicken  with a variety of assorted spices and ground millet for binding. It is generally fried in ghee, though any other fat may be used also.

Ground meat
Ground meat, called mince or minced meat outside North America, is meat finely chopped by a meat grinder or a chopping knife. A common type of ground meat is ground beef, but many other types of meats are prepared in a similar fashion, including pork, veal, lamb, goat meat, and poultry.
Suture (film)
Suture is a 1993 American thriller film written and directed, and produced by Scott McGehee and David Siegel. It stars Dennis Haysbert and Mel Harris. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival.

1994 Cannes Film Festival
The 47th Cannes Film Festival took place from 12 to 23 May 1994. American filmmaker and actor Clint Eastwood served as jury president for the main competition. French actress Jeanne Moreau hosted the opening and closing ceremonies.

American filmmaker Quentin Tarantino won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the comedy-drama film Pulp Fiction.

The festival opened with The Hudsucker Proxy by Joel Coen, and closed with Serial Mom by John Waters.
Alhaji N'jai
Dr. Alhaji Umar N'jai is a Sierra Leonean Ebola researcher and nonprofit leader. While working as a pathologist at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, he worked on developing an Ebola vaccine. He also hosted the Pan Africa Radio Show on WORT. In conjunction with Project 1808, a nonprofit he founded, N'jai has led trainings in Sierra Leone on preparing for potential Ebola outbreaks.

Demographics of Sierra Leone
The demographics of Sierra Leone are made up of an indigenous population from 18 ethnic groups. The Temne in the north and the Mende in the south are the largest. About 60,000 are Krio, the descendants of freed slaves who returned to Sierra Leone from Great Britain, North America and slave ships captured on the high seas.

In the past, some Sierra Leoneans were noted for their educational achievements, trading activity, entrepreneurial skills, and arts and crafts work, particularly woodcarving. Many are part of larger ethnic networks extending into several countries, which link West African states in the area. Their level of education and infrastructure have declined sharply over the last 30 years.
Mietek Grocher
Mietek Grocher (1926–2017), was a Swedish author and public speaker who survived the Holocaust in Poland. Grocher recounted the events in his 1996 memoir Jag överlevde (English translation: I survived).

Grocher was born in 1926 in Warsaw, Poland. As a teenager during World War II he resided with his family in the Warsaw Ghetto. Grocher claims to have survived nine different  Nazi concentration camps during World War II including Buchenwald and Majdanek. He also wrote that he survived the Majdanek gas chambers. When he realized he was led to gassing by the guards, he began walking backwards. The SS man guarding the door to the gas chambers was in conversation with another guard and so Grocher escaped unnoticed, to join his father. He was the only member of his family to survive the Final Solution. Since the end of the war Grocher lived in Västerås, Sweden and traveled around Swedish schools giving speeches about the events of the Holocaust. He died in December 2017.

Gas chamber
A gas chamber is an apparatus for killing humans or animals with gas, consisting of a sealed chamber into which a poisonous or asphyxiant gas is introduced. Poisonous agents used include hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide. High concentration carbon dioxide is typically used in gas chambers for animals.
Cynometra minor
Cynometra minor is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree which grows 7–18 metres tall. It is endemic to Fiji, where it is native to the islands of Viti Levu, Ovalau, Kadavu, Koro, Mamanuca, Matuku, and Moala. It grows in lowland moist forests and dry forests below 250 metres elevation.

The species was first described as Maniltoa minor by Albert Charles Smith in 1942. In 2019 Aleksandar Radosavljevic placed the species in genus Cynometra as C. minor.

Albert Charles Smith
Albert Charles Smith (April 5, 1906 – May 23, 1999) was an American botanist who served as director of the National Museum of Natural History and Arnold Arboretum and was the former president of the American Society of Plant Taxonomists.
Madhyamam
Madhyamam (meaning Medium) is a Malayalam-language newspaper published in Kerala, India, since 1987. It was founded by Ideal Publications Trust run by the Jamaat-e-Islami Hind wing in Kerala. It has nine editions in India (seven in Kerala and one each in Mangalore and Bangalore) and its Persian Gulf edition Gulf Madhyamam has nine in the Middle East.

According to Indian Readership Survey 2021 and IRS 2010 Q4, it is the fourth popular newspaper in Kerala with a circulation of 1.5 lakhs and readership of 6 lakhs.

The newspaper and its team of journalists have secured nearly ninety awards including Ramnath Goenka Journalism Award, Statesman Award for Rural Reporting, PUCL Journalism Award for Human Rights, ESR World Journalism Prize and the Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI) Developing Asia Journalism Award.

Land reform
Land reform (also known as agrarian reform) involves the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership, land use, and land transfers. The reforms may be initiated by governments, by interested groups, or by revolution.

Land reform is often considered a contentious process, as land is a key driver of a wide range of social, political and economic outcomes. The structure and distribution of land rights has been linked to state formation, economic growth, inequality, political violence, and identity politics, making land reform highly consequential for the long-term structures of society.
Faridah Nakazibwe
Faridah Nakazibwe is a Ugandan journalist, who was appointed as Head of News at NTV Uganda, effective 31 March 2021. Replacing Josephine Karungi, who took up a job with the World Bank, as a communications consultant.  Nakazibwe is also a Luganda news anchor  and was a host of Mwasuze Mutya, a show that airs on Nation Television Uganda and Spark TV Uganda, a sister TV station in Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city.

Nation Media Group
Nation Media Group (NMG), formerly known as East African Newspapers (Nation Series) Ltd, is an East African media group based in Kenya and listed on the Nairobi Stock Exchange. It is owned by Aga Khan IV.
Kuršėnai
Kuršėnai (pronunciationⓘ; Samogitian: Koršienā) is a city in northwestern Lithuania, Šiauliai County, Šiauliai district municipality. It is the twenty-fifth largest city in Lithuania. According to the 2023 estimate, it had 10,651 residents.

Samogitian language
Samogitian (endonym: žemaitiu kalba or sometimes žemaitiu rokunda, žemaitiu šnekta or žemaitiu ruoda; Lithuanian: žemaičių tarmė, žemaičių kalba) is an Eastern Baltic language spoken primarily in Samogitia, that is often considered a dialect of Lithuanian.

It has preserved many features of the extinct Curonian language, such as specific phonological traits and vocabulary. Samogitian differs significantly from standard Lithuanian in phonetics, morphology, syntax, and lexis, with unique archaic features not found in other Lithuanian dialects. This difference often causes speakers of Aukštaitian dialects to not be able to understand speakers of Samogitian. The use of Samogitian is currently in decline, with limited presence in media and education. Efforts are being made to preserve the language, including local initiatives and cultural societies.
2019 Samarkand Challenger – Doubles
Sriram Balaji and Vishnu Vardhan were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Gonçalo Oliveira and Andrei Vasilevski won the title after defeating Sergey Fomin and Teymuraz Gabashvili 3–6, 6–3, [10–4] in the final.

Sergey Fomin (tennis)
Sergey Fomin (born 1 February 2001) is an Uzbek tennis player. Fomin has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 323 achieved on 16 February 2026 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 313 achieved on 17 July 2023. Fomin is currently the No. 1 Uzbek player.

Fomin represents Uzbekistan at the Davis Cup, making his first appearance in a tie against Turkey in March 2022.
Nova Bus
Nova Bus is a Canadian transit bus manufacturer headquartered in Saint-Eustache, Quebec. Nova is owned by the Volvo Group.

The company has roots in the General Motors Diesel Division, which opened in 1979. Nova Bus was established in 1993, by Nova Quintech, through the acquisition of Dial Corporation's transit division which consisted of Motor Coach Industries and Transportation Manufacturing Corporation. Volvo took partial ownership of Nova Bus in 1998 and complete ownership in 2004.

Chicago Transit Authority
The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) is a public transit agency in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It operates the Chicago "L" rail system and CTA bus services.

The CTA was established as an independent governmental agency by the Metropolitan Transportation Act passed by the Illinois General Assembly on April 12, 1945. It started operations on October 1, 1947, upon the purchase and combination of the transportation assets of the Chicago Rapid Transit Company and the Chicago Surface Lines streetcar system. In 1952, CTA purchased the assets of the Chicago Motor Coach Company, resulting in a fully unified system. Today, the CTA is one of the three service boards financially supported by the Regional Transportation Authority, and CTA service connects with Metra commuter rail and Pace Suburban Bus.

In 2025, the system had a ridership of 319,160,900, or about 971,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Catanha
Henrique Guedes da Silva (born 6 March 1972), known as Catanha, is a professional footballer who plays as a striker for Segunda Federación club Conquense. Born in Brazil, he represented the Spain national team.

He played almost exclusively for modest clubs in his native Brazil (seven teams in total), except for a brief spell with Atlético Mineiro. He competed in Spain during 12 seasons, most notably with Celta, amassing La Liga totals of 148 matches and 62 goals in five years.

Segunda Federación
Segunda Federación, previously called Segunda RFEF, also officially known as Segunda B, is the fourth tier of the Spanish football league system containing 90 teams divided into five groups. It is administered by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. It is the second tier outside the top two professional leagues, the Primera División (also known as La Liga) and Segunda División (also known as La Liga 2), being behind Primera Federación and above Tercera Federación. The division also includes the reserve teams of a number of La Liga and La Liga 2 teams.
Ouled Djellal
Ouled Djellal is a town and commune in Ouled Djellal Province, Algeria. Prior to the creation of Ouled Djellal Province in 2019, Ouled Djellal was part of Biskra Province. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 45,622. more recent census says it has over 66,000 people. Mayor Rachid Boufateh (in 2016) announced that Ouled Djellal is to be a State in the next Administrative Division.

Communes of Algeria
The communes of Algeria (Arabic: بلدية (singular)), also known as municipalities, form the third level of administrative subdivisions of Algeria. As of 2002, there were 1,541 municipalities in the country. The municipalities are also known as communes (baladiyahs).
Ami Faku
Amanda Faku (born 28 May 1993) is a South African singer, performer and songwriter. Born and raised in the township of eZinyoka, Port Elizabeth, she developed musical interest at the age of 6 and participated on church choirs. Faku rose to fame as a contestant on The Voice SA  season 2 in 2017, prior to getting recognition in the music industry.

After she signed a record deal with The Vth Season, Ami released her debut studio album Imali (2019), debuted number one in South Africa. It reached Gold by the Recording Industry of South Africa (RiSA).

Mail & Guardian, ranked Faku number 27 on 200 Young South African, in 2020.

The Voice South Africa
The Voice South Africa is a South African reality singing competition and local version of The Voice first broadcast as The Voice of Holland. Its first season started on 31 January 2016 and proved to be a hit on M-Net. The second season started on 5 February 2017 on the same channel. The third season premiered on 3 February 2019.

The original coaching panel of the show consists of Kahn Morbee, Lira, Bobby van Jaarsveld, and Karen Zoid. Lungile Radu and Stacy Norman were the original hosts. Season 3 saw a change in the coaching panel, replacing previous coaches and hosts. Lira is the only remaining coach being joined by Afrikaans singer Riana Nel, rapper Riky Rick and rocker Francois Van Coke. Anele Mdoda is the current host.