hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rundu Airport
Rundu Airport (IATA: NDU, ICAO: FYRU) is an airport serving Rundu, the capital of the Kavango Region in Namibia. The airport is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of the center of Rundu.

Runway 26 has an additional 300 metres (980 ft) of displaced threshold available for takeoff. There are no IFR procedures or equipment, but navigation is supported by an NDB north of the airport, across the border in Angola.

Kavango Region
Kavango (before 1998: Okavango) was one of the thirteen regions of Namibia until it was split into the Kavango East and Kavango West Regions in 2013. Its capital was Rundu.

In the north, Kavango bordered the Cuando Cubango Province of Angola, and in the southeast the North-West District of Botswana. Domestically, it bordered the following regions:

Zambezi – east

Otjozondjupa – south

Oshikoto – west

Ohangwena – northwest

Because of its rather higher rainfall than most other parts of Namibia, this region had agricultural potential for the cultivation of a variety of crops, as well as for organised forestry and agro-forestry, which stimulated furniture making and related industries.

Khaudum National Park and Mahango Game Park were located in the region.
Ulf Hoffmann
Ulf Hoffmann (born 8 September 1961) is a retired German gymnast. He missed the 1984 Summer Olympics due to their boycott by East Germany and took part in the Friendship Games instead, winning a silver medal in the team competition. He won another silver medal with the East German team at the 1988 Summer Olympics. His best individual result at those Games was 13th place on parallel bars. He won three bronze medal at the world championships in 1985 and 1987 (team) and European championships in 1985 (parallel bars). After retiring he moved to Basel, Switzerland where he coaches female gymnasts.

His elder brother Lutz was an Olympic gymnast.

Friendship Games
The 1984 Friendship Games, or Friendship-84 (Russian: Дружба-84, Druzhba-84), was an international multi-sport event held between 2 July and 16 September 1984 in the Soviet Union and eight other Eastern Bloc states which boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.

Although Friendship Games officials denied that the Games were a counter-Olympic event to avoid conflicts with the International Olympic Committee, the competition was often dubbed the Soviet Bloc's "alternative Olympics". Some fifty states took part in the competition. While the boycotting countries were represented by their strongest athletes, other states sent their reserve teams, consisting of athletes who failed to qualify for the games in Los Angeles.
The Newton Kansan
The Newton Kansan is an American newspaper published three days per week (excluding major holidays) in Newton, Kansas. It is owned by CherryRoad Media. The paper covers Harvey County, including the cities of Newton, Burrton, Halstead, Hesston, North Newton and Sedgwick.

Halstead, Kansas
Halstead is a city in Harvey County, Kansas, United States.  Halstead was named in honor of Murat Halstead, a respected Civil War correspondent and newspaper editor. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 2,179.
OMS Video
OMS Video is an open, royalty-free video compression specification that was under development by Sun Microsystems's Open Media Commons as part of the Open Media Stack. It defines a video decoder and the associated bitstream syntax. It is intended for delivery, storage and playback of video streams.

It was announced on April 11, 2008. The latest version of OMS Video Specification is 0.91, released on June 9, 2009.

Vorbis
Vorbis is a free and open-source software project headed by the Xiph.Org Foundation. The project produces an audio coding format and software reference encoder/decoder (codec) for lossy audio compression, libvorbis. Vorbis is most commonly used in conjunction with the Ogg container format and it is therefore often referred to as Ogg Vorbis.

Version 1.0 of Vorbis was released in May 2000. Since 2013, the Xiph.Org Foundation has stated that the use of Vorbis should be deprecated in favor of the Opus codec, an improved and more efficient format that has also been developed by Xiph.Org.
Chuck Chapman
Charles Winston Chapman (April 21, 1911 – March 6, 2002) was a Canadian basketball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. Born in Vancouver, he played in four games, including the final, for the Canadian basketball team which won the silver medal. He was the older brother of Art Chapman, who also played at the Berlin Games.

Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics was the first appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event.  The tournament was played between 7 and 14 August 1936 in Berlin, Germany.  23 nations entered the competition, making basketball the largest tournament of the team sports, but Hungary and Spain withdrew, meaning 21 competed.

The International Olympic Committee and International Basketball Federation, which is the governing body of international basketball, used the 1936 tournament to experiment with outdoor basketball.  Lawn and dirt tennis courts were used for the competition, but this caused problems when the weather was adverse, especially during the final of the tournament.

The medals were awarded by James Naismith, the inventor of basketball.  The United States won its first gold medal, while Canada and Mexico won silver and bronze, their only medals in basketball, as of 2024.
Ōtene Pāora
Ōtene Pāora (c.1870 – 29 December 1930) was a New Zealand Māori leader, Anglican lay reader and land negotiator. He was a son of Paora Kawharu and identified with the Ngāti Whātua iwi. He was born in Reweti, Auckland, New Zealand.

He unsuccessfully contested the 1919 election in the Western Maori electorate. Of 12 candidates, he came tenth.

1919 New Zealand general election
The 1919 New Zealand general election was held on Tuesday, 16 December in the Māori electorates and on Wednesday, 17 December in the general electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 20th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 560,673 (80.5%) voters turned out to vote.

In 1919 women won the right to be elected to the House of Representatives. The law was changed late that year, and with only three weeks' notice, three women stood for Parliament.

They were Ellen Melville in Grey Lynn, Rosetta Baume in Parnell, and Aileen Cooke in Thames. Ellen Melville stood for the Reform Party and came second. She stood for Parliament several more times and generally polled well but never won a seat.

This is the most recent general election in which none of the major party leaders were born in New Zealand.
Origo gentis Romanae
The Origo gentis Romanae ("origin of the Roman people") is a short historiographic literary compilation. It narrates the origins of the Roman people, beginning with Saturn and ending with Romulus. The work was earlier associated with Aurelius Victor, but it is no longer believed to be by his hand.

There are two manuscript copies of the Origo: MS 9755-63 in the Royal Library of Belgium in Brussels and MS Canon. Class. Lat. 131 in the Bodleian Library in Oxford. Both date to the fifteenth century.

Saturn (mythology)
Saturn (Latin: Sāturnus [saːˈtʊrnʊs]) was a god in ancient Roman religion, and a character in Roman mythology. He was described as a god of time, generation, dissolution, abundance, wealth, agriculture, periodic renewal and liberation. Saturn's mythological reign was depicted as a Golden Age of abundance and peace. After the Roman conquest of Greece, he was conflated with the Greek Titan Cronus. Saturn's consort was his sister Ops, with whom he fathered Jupiter, Neptune, Pluto, Juno, Ceres and Vesta.

Saturn was especially celebrated during the festival of Saturnalia each December, perhaps the most famous of the Roman festivals, a time of feasting, role reversals, free speech, gift-giving and revelry. The Temple of Saturn in the Roman Forum housed the state treasury and archives (aerarium) of the Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire. The planet Saturn and the day of the week Saturday are both named after and were associated with him.
Gangnauli
Gangnauli is a village in Saharanpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
The village is known for being very poor, & also known as the "Village with One Sick Member Per House".  The reason to this is drinking polluted water.

Saharanpur district
Saharanpur district is the northernmost of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state, India. Bordering the states of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, and close to the foothills of Shivalik range, it lies in the northern part of the Doab region.

The district headquarters are in Saharanpur, which is also the headquarters of Saharanpur Division. Other principal towns are Sarsawa, Behat, Deoband, Gangoh and Rampur Maniharan.
Ahlat District
Ahlat District is a district of Bitlis Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Ahlat. Its area is 1,153 km2, and its population is 42,131 (2021). From 1929 to 1936, it was a district of Van Province.

Van Province
Van Province (Turkish: Van ili, Kurdish: Parezgêha Wanê, Armenian: Վանի մարզ) is a province and metropolitan municipality in the Eastern Anatolian region of Turkey, between Lake Van and the Iranian border. Its area is 20,921 km2, and its population is 1,128,749 (2022). Its adjacent provinces are Bitlis to the west, Siirt to the southwest, Şırnak and Hakkâri to the south, and Ağrı to the north. The capital of the province is the city of Van, with a population of 525,016 as of 2022. The second-largest city is Erciş, with 92,945 inhabitants in 2022. The province was part of ancient province of Vaspurakan and is considered to be one of the cradles of Armenian civilization. Before the Armenian genocide, Van Province was one of the six Armenian vilayets. A majority of the population of the province is Kurdish and considered part of Turkish Kurdistan.
Sergei Troinitsky
Sergei Nikolaevich Troinitsky (1882–1946), was the first director of the Hermitage Museum in St Petersburg after the 1917 revolution.

In 1904, Troinitsky graduated from the Imperial School of Jurisprudence. In 1908, he began work at the Hermitage Museum as lead curator of the jewellery, porcelain and silver department. In 1917, he became the  first director of the Hermitage Museum after the revolution.

Troinitsky was also an expert on heraldry, and published several books on the subject. From 1913 to 1914, he published the journal Gerboved (The Heraldry Master).

Imperial School of Jurisprudence
The Imperial School of Jurisprudence (Russian: Императорское училище правоведения, romanized: Impyeratorskoye uchilichshye pravovyedyeniya) was, along with the Page Corps, a school for boys in Saint Petersburg, the capital of the Russian Empire.

The school for would-be imperial administrators was founded by Duke Peter of Oldenburg in 1835. The classes were accommodated in six buildings along the Fontanka Quay. After the October Revolution of 1917, the school was disbanded, but its memory survives in the nursery rhyme about Chizhik-Pyzhik.

Among the instructors were lawyers of Imperial Russia, such as Anatoly Koni and Włodzimierz Spasowicz. Boys studied in the school for six or seven years. The graduates of the School of Jurisprudence include Ivan Aksakov, Aleksey Apukhtin, Konstantin Pobedonostsev, Alexander Serov, Vladimir Stasov, Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and his younger brother Modest Ilyich Tchaikovsky.
Nizhniye Karamaly
Nizhniye Karamaly (Russian: Нижние Карамалы; Bashkir: Түбәнге Ҡарамалы, Tübänge Qaramalı) is a rural locality (a village) in Bakeyevsky Selsoviet, Sterlibashevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 29 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Sterlibashevsky District
Sterlibashevsky District (Russian: Стерлиба́шевский райо́н; Bashkir and Tatar: Стәрлебаш районы, Stärlebaş rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Miyakinsky District in the north, Sterlitamaksky District in the northeast and east, Meleuzovsky District in the southeast, Fyodorovsky District in the south, and with Orenburg Oblast in the west. The area of the district is 1,609 square kilometers (621 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Sterlibashevo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 20,217, with the population of Sterlibashevo accounting for 29.3% of that number.
Unió de Radioaficionats Andorrans
The Unió de Radioaficionats Andorrans (URA) (in English, Andorran Amateur Radio Union) is a national non-profit organization for amateur radio enthusiasts in Andorra. URA operates a QSL bureau for those members who regularly communicate with amateur radio operators in other countries. URA represents the interests of Andorran amateur radio operators and shortwave listeners before Andorran and international telecommunications regulatory authorities. URA is the national member society representing Andorra in the International Amateur Radio Union.

Amateur radio operator
An amateur radio operator is someone who uses equipment at an amateur radio station to engage in two-way personal communications with other amateur operators on radio frequencies assigned to the amateur radio service. Amateur radio operators have been granted an amateur radio license by a governmental regulatory authority after passing an examination on applicable regulations, electronics, radio theory, and radio operation. As a component of their license, amateur radio operators are assigned a call sign that they use to identify themselves during communication. About three million amateur radio operators are currently active worldwide.

Amateur radio operators are also known as radio amateurs or hams. The term "ham" as a nickname for amateur radio operators originated in a pejorative usage (like "ham actor") by operators in commercial and professional radio communities, and dates to wired telegraphy. The word was, in the 1920s, adopted by amateur radio operators.
Scadoxus membranaceus
Scadoxus membranaceus is a flowering plant in the Amaryllidaceae family. It is a bulbous plant from South Africa (east Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal). The smallest of the species of Scadoxus, it is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental plant where a minimum temperature of 5 °C (41 °F) can be maintained.

Umbel
In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules or umbellets. A small umbel is called an umbellule. The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; and onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.

An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.
A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.
Hoffman–Singleton graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Hoffman–Singleton graph is a 7-regular undirected graph with 50 vertices and 175 edges. It is the unique strongly regular graph with parameters (50,7,0,1). It was constructed by Alan Hoffman and Robert Singleton while trying to classify all Moore graphs, and is the highest-order Moore graph known to exist. Since it is a Moore graph where each vertex has degree 7, and the girth is 5, it is a (7,5)-cage.

Degree (graph theory)
In graph theory, the degree (or valency) of a vertex of a graph is the number of edges that are incident to the vertex; in a multigraph, a loop contributes 2 to a vertex's degree, for the two ends of the edge. The degree of a vertex  is denoted  or . The maximum degree of a graph  is denoted by , and is the maximum of 's vertices' degrees. The minimum degree of a graph is denoted by , and is the minimum of 's vertices' degrees. In the multigraph shown on the right, the maximum degree is 5 and the minimum degree is 0.

In a regular graph, every vertex has the same degree, and so we can speak of the degree of the graph. A complete graph (denoted , where  is the number of vertices in the graph) is a special kind of regular graph where all vertices have the maximum possible degree, .

In a signed graph, the number of positive edges connected to a vertex  is called its positive degree and the number of connected negative edges is called  negative degree.
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tulancingo
The Archdiocese of Tulancingo (Latin: Archidioecesis Tulancingensis) is an archdiocese of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church in Mexico. The Archdiocese comprises the province of Hidalgo, and the archiepiscopal see is located in  the Mexican city of Tulancingo.

As a Metropolitan Archdiocese, it is responsible for the suffragan dioceses of Huejutla and Tula. It was elevated as an archdiocese on November 25, 2005.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Gerald Sensabaugh
Gerald Lind Sensabaugh Jr. (born June 13, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a safety in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the North Carolina Tar Heels and East Tennessee State Buccaneers. Sensabaugh was selected by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the fifth round of the 2005 NFL draft. He also played for the Dallas Cowboys.

Georgia Southern University
Georgia Southern University (informally known as Southern or Georgia Southern) is a public research university in the U.S. state of Georgia. The flagship campus is in Statesboro, with additional campuses in Savannah (Armstrong Campus), Swainsboro (East Georgia Campus), and Hinesville (Liberty Campus). Founded in 1906, Georgia Southern is the fifth-largest institution in the University System of Georgia.

The university offers over 140 different academic majors at the bachelor's, master's, and doctoral levels. The university had an enrollment of approximately 26,000 students in 2023. Georgia Southern is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity" and a "comprehensive" university by the University System of Georgia.

Georgia Southern University's intercollegiate sports teams, known as the "Eagles", compete in the Sun Belt Conference.
Shanni Hazrat Mahama
Shanni Hazrat Mahama is a Ghanaian politician and member of the first parliament of the second republic of Ghana representing Yendi constituency in the Northern Region of Ghana under the membership of the Progress Party (PP).

Northern Region (Ghana)
The Northern Region is one of the sixteen regions of Ghana. It is situated in the northern part of the country and ranks as the second largest of the sixteen regions. Before its division, it covered an area of 25,000 square kilometres, representing 10 percent of Ghana's area. In December 2018, the Savannah Region and North East Region were created from it.  The Northern Region is divided into 16 districts. The region's capital is Tamale,  Ghana's third-largest city.
Shirreff Cove
Shirreff Cove (62°28′S 60°48′W﻿ / ﻿62.467°S 60.800°W﻿ / -62.467; -60.800) is a small cove or anchorage, situated immediately southwest of Cape Shirreff between San Telmo Island and Gerlovo Beach on the northwest side of Ioannes Paulus II Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

Edward Bransfield, Master, Royal Navy, named a cove in this vicinity for Captain William H. Shirreff, British commanding officer in the Pacific in 1820. Present application of the name is based upon the location shown on Captain George Powell's map, published by Laurie in 1822.

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
Prigogine's greenbul
Prigogine's greenbul (Chlorocichla prigoginei) is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae.
It is found only in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Bulbul
The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills. The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropical Asia to Indonesia, and north as far as Japan. A few insular species occur on the tropical islands of the Indian Ocean. There are 166 species in 32 genera. While different species are found in a wide range of habitats, the African species are predominantly found in rainforest, whereas Asian bulbuls are predominantly found in more open areas.
Rancho Azusa de Duarte
Rancho Azusa de Duarte was a 6,596-acre (26.69 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Los Angeles County, California, given in 1841 by Governor Juan Alvarado to Andres Duarte, a former Mexican corporal.  Cities that have been established on the Rancho lands originally granted to Andres Duarte include  Arcadia, portions of Monrovia, all of Bradbury, all of Duarte, portions of Irwindale, portions of Azusa and a portion of Baldwin Park.

Juan Bautista Alvarado
Juan Bautista Valentín Alvarado y Vallejo (February 14, 1809 – July 13, 1882) usually known as Juan Bautista Alvarado, was a Californio politician who served as governor of Alta California from 1837 to 1842. Prior to his term as governor, Alvarado briefly led a movement for independence of Alta California from 1836 to 1837, in which he successfully deposed interim governor Nicolás Gutiérrez, declared independence, and created a new flag and constitution, before negotiating an agreement with the Mexican government resulting in his recognition as governor and the end of the independence movement.