hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Blackthorne
John Blackthorne, also known as Anjin (按針; lit. "Pilot", "Steuermann"), is the protagonist of James Clavell's 1975 novel Shōgun. The character is loosely based on the life of the 17th-century English navigator William Adams, who was the first Englishman to visit Japan. The character is played by Richard Chamberlain in the 1980 TV miniseries, and by Cosmo Jarvis in the 2024 series.

James Clavell
Charles Edmund Dumaresq Clavell (10 October 1921 – 7 September 1994), known as James Clavell, was a British and American writer, filmmaker and a British Army officer during the Second World War.  He is best known for his Asian Saga novels, a number of which have had television and film adaptations.

Clavell also wrote such screenplays as those for The Fly (1958), based on the short story by George Langelaan, and The Great Escape (1963), based on the personal account of Paul Brickhill. He directed the popular 1967 film To Sir, with Love, for which he also wrote the script.

During his war service, Clavell was a prisoner-of-war to the Imperial Japan at Changi Prison, which formed the basis of his semi-autobiographical novel King Rat (1962) and its 1965 film adaptation.
Michael T. Scott
Michael T. Scott is an American comedy writer, animation director and creator of the Happy Fatties online cartoon series, which has been featured on several notable web video sites including, YouTube, Dailymotion, Yahoo! Video, Openfilm, Animation World Network, Crackle, Aniboom, Funny or Die and Newgrounds. He is also well-known and famous for producing the television series titled Kentucky Fried Memories.

Scott also wrote and produced three comedy albums Pre-chewed Appetizers and The Jim Panzee and Friends Funtime Radio Hour.

Openfilm
Openfilm was a website for finding and distributing independent film. Its advisory board included members of the film industry, such as James Caan, Robert Duvall, Scott Caan and Mark Rydell, and independent filmmaker Alan Melikdjanian.

The site was named "Best Online Video Sharing Site" by Videomaker Magazine in their 2008 "Best Products of the Year" feature.

Openfilm closed in August 2015.
Alexander Horn
Alexander Horn (or Dom Maurus Horn, OSB; 28 June 1762 – 1820), was a Scottish Benedictine monk who became a secret agent and diplomat. His work contributed to the birth of the conspiracy theory of the illuminati.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.
There Was a Young Man
There Was a Young Man is a 1937 British comedy film directed by Albert Parker and starring Oliver Wakefield, Nancy O'Neil and Clifford Heatherley. It was made at Wembley Studios as a quota quickie by Twentieth Century Fox.

Fountain Studios
Fountain Studios was an independently owned television studio in Wembley Park, north-west London, England. The company was last part of the Avesco Group plc.

Several companies owned the site before it was bought by Fountain in 1993. Originally a film studio complex, as Wembley Studios it was formerly the base for the ITV London weekday franchise holder Rediffusion from 1955 to 1968, and London Weekend Television from 1968 to 1972. More recently, the studios were best known for being the venue for the live stages of ITV British shows The X Factor and Britain's Got Talent.

The last show to be broadcast live (and recorded) at the studios was The X Factor on 4 December 2016, after which the studio was closed, and the site sold to property developer Quintain. It is now known as Troubadour Wembley Park Theatre.
Ballers (album)
Ballers is the second studio album by  American hip hop  group, 504 Boyz. It was released on December 10, 2002, through The New No Limit and was produced by Donald XL Robertson with additional production by newcomer Todd Moultrie on the reggae influenced My Life is Sweet. The album peaked at number 49 on the Billboard 200 and  number 13 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

The members that perform on this album include Master P, Silkk The Shocker, Magic, Krazy, Choppa, T-Bo and Curren$y.

Magic (rapper)
Awood Johnson Jr. (August 16, 1975 – March 1, 2013), better known by his stage name Magic (or Mr. Magic), was an American rapper from Downtown New Orleans, best known for his stint with No Limit Records in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
R. Rajalakshmi (politician)
R. Rajalakshmi is an Indian politician and was a member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Mylapore constituency in Chennai District. She represented the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party.

The elections of 2016 resulted in her constituency being won by R. Nataraj. Rajalakshmi was one of thirteen AIADMK MLAs in the Greater Chennai area who were deselected by the party, apparently in an attempt to thwart a potential anti-incumbency backlash from the electorate following the recent flooding. It was felt that fresh faces would put some distance between the past and the present.
She joined BJP on March 11, 2024.  She quit BJP and  joined TVK in the presence of its leader Vijay on 9 June 2025.

2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The Fifteenth Legislative Assembly Election was held on 16 May 2016 for the 232 seats (except Thanjavur and Aravakurichi for which held on 26 October 2016) of the Legislative Assembly in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The AIADMK under J. Jayalalithaa won the elections and became the first ruling party to be re-elected in Tamil Nadu since 1984, though with a simple majority. The DMK won half of the seats it contested but its allies performed poorly; notably, the Indian National Congress won 16% of the seats they contested, and the alliance lost due to its poor performance. The votes were counted on 19 May 2016. In the previous election in 2011, AIADMK had, under the leadership of Jayalalithaa, won a thumping majority and formed the government, while DMDK chief Vijayakanth served as the Leader of Opposition until January 2016. This was the last election that J. Jayalalithaa and M. Karunanidhi would contest, as they died later in 2016 and 2018, respectively.
Çayönü
Çayönü  Tepesi is a Pre-Pottery Neolithic B settlement in southeastern Turkey which prospered from circa 8,630 to 6,800 BC. It is located in Diyarbakır Province forty kilometres north-west of Diyarbakır, one hundred and forty kilometres north-east of Şanlıurfa, at the foot of the Taurus mountains. It lies near the Boğazçay, a tributary of the upper Tigris River and the Bestakot, an intermittent stream. It is an early example of agriculture.

Çayönü Tepesi belongs to the "Taş Tepeler" monumental tradition of Göbekli Tepe, a style found in all the Pre-Pottery Neolithic sites of the Urfa region. There are some variations though, such as using decorated stelae, but without the characteristic T-shape of Göbekli Tepe.

Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları or Toroslar; Kurdish: Çiyayên Torosê) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region from the central Anatolian Plateau. The system extends along a curve from Lake Eğirdir in the west to the upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the east. It is a part of the Alpide belt in Eurasia.
Javi Moreno (footballer, born 1974)
Javier Moreno Valera (born 10 September 1974) is a Spanish professional football coach and a former striker who is the manager of Segunda Federación club Intercity.

Best known for his Alavés stint, he amassed totals of 118 matches and 38 goals in La Liga, where he also represented Atlético Madrid and Zaragoza. He had brief spells with Milan in Serie A and Bolton Wanderers of the Premier League, with little impact.

Moreno, who earned five caps for Spain in 2001, later managed in the lower divisions.

CF Intercity
Club de Fútbol Intercity is a Spanish football team based in Alicante, in the Valencian Community. The club plays in Segunda Federación – Group 5, holding home matches at the Estadio Antonio Solana, with a capacity of 2,000 spectators.
Adorers of the Blood of Christ
The Adorers of the Blood of Christ (Latin: Sorores Adoratrices Pretiosissimi Sanguinis) are a Catholic centralized religious institute of consecrated life of Pontifical Right for women founded by Maria De Mattias in 1834. Their post-nominal letters are ASC.

The institute operates the Newman University in Wichita, Kansas.

Post-nominal letters
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity. An individual may use several different sets of post-nominal letters, but in some contexts it may be customary to limit the number of sets to one or just a few. The order in which post-nominals are listed after a name is based on rules of precedence and what is appropriate for a given situation. Post-nominal letters are one of the main types of name suffix. In contrast, pre-nominal letters precede the name rather than follow it, such as addressing a physician or professor as "Dr. Smith".
Jerome Horsey
Sir Jerome Horsey (c. 1550 – 1626), of Great Kimble, Buckinghamshire, was an English explorer, diplomat and politician in the 16th and 17th centuries.

He spent much time in Russia over the course of seventeen years, first arriving in 1573 and leaving in 1591. He got to know well many leading people at the Russian court. He first travelled to Moscow as an agent for the Russia Company, and later acted as an envoy of Tsar Ivan the Terrible to Queen Elizabeth and then from the English court under Queen Elizabeth to Ivan. After returning to England, Horsey served in the House of Commons, sitting on many committees including the Committee for Returns, Elections, and Privileges. Knighted in 1603, he wrote accounts of his time in Russia which have been published several times, and was the subject of two novels.

Unreformed House of Commons
The "unreformed House of Commons" is a name given to the House of Commons of Great Britain (after 1800 the House of Commons of the United Kingdom) before it was reformed by the Reform Act 1832, the Irish Reform Act 1832, and the Scottish Reform Act 1832.

Until the Act of Union of 1707, which united the Kingdoms of Scotland and England to form Great Britain, Scotland had its own Parliament, and the term can be used to refer to the House of Commons of England (which included representatives from Wales from the 16th century). From 1707 to 1801 the term refers to the House of Commons of Great Britain. Until the Act of Union of 1800 joining the Kingdom of Ireland to Great Britain (to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland), Ireland also had its own Parliament. From 1801 to 1832, therefore, the term refers to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
Esli
Esli (Russian: Если, Russian for "If") was a Russian science fiction literary magazine. It was started in 1991 in Moscow, as a publisher of foreign SF stories, but soon broadened its format to include Russophone writers as well. In the 2000s, Esli also started publishing fantasy short stories and articles on futurology.

The magazine won the European Science Fiction Award (Eurocon award) for best science fiction magazine in 2000.

Esli closed down by the end of 2012 due to retailing problems. In late 2015, the magazine was relaunched with a new team and a new, futurology-centered subject. It was suspended again in the late 2016.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Haugesund Kommune v DEPFA ACS Bank
Haugesund Kommune v DEPFA ACS Bank [2010] EWCA Civ 579 and the subsequent decision in Haugesund Kommune v DEPFA ACS Bank (No 2) [2011] EWCA Civ 33 were decisions of the English Court of Appeal relating to the consequences of certain swap transactions which had been entered into between the Irish bank and the Norwegian kommune, but were held to be beyond the powers of ("ultra vires") the kommune.

In his judgment Lord Justice Aikens noted the striking similarity between the case before him, and the long series of decisions in the local authorities swaps litigation relating to similar transactions entered into by English local authorities.  Nonetheless, the appeals raised a number of novel points of English law relating to restitution.

Restitution in English law
The English law of Restitution is the law of gain-based recovery. Its precise scope and underlying principles remain a matter of significant academic and judicial controversy. Broadly speaking, the law of restitution concerns actions in which one person claims an entitlement in respect of a gain acquired by another, rather than compensation for a loss.
2002 California elections
Elections were held in California on November 5, 2002. Primary elections were held on March 5. Up for election were all the seats of the California State Assembly, 20 seats of the California Senate, seven constitutional officers, all the seats of the California Board of Equalization, as well as votes on retention of two Supreme Court justices and various appeals court judges. Seven ballot measures were also up for approval. Municipal offices were also included in the election.

The incumbent governor Gray Davis won reelection with less than 50% of the vote over his Republican challenger Bill Simon.  Democrats also won every other statewide office and maintained their majorities in both houses of the state legislature.

California State Board of Equalization
The California State Board of Equalization (BOE) is a public agency charged with tax administration and fee collection in the state of California in the United States. The authorities of the Board attempt to ensure that counties fairly assess property taxes, collect excises taxes on alcoholic beverages, administer the insurance tax program, and other tax collection related activities.

The BOE is the only publicly elected tax commission in the United States. It is made up of four directly elected members, each representing a district for four-year terms, along with the State Controller, who is elected on a statewide basis, serving as the fifth member. Since the passage of Proposition 140 in 1990, board members are limited to two terms in office.

In June 2017, Governor Jerry Brown signed legislation stripping the Board of many of its powers, returning the agency to its original core responsibilities (originating in the State Constitution in 1879).
Bismuth sulfite agar
Bismuth sulfite agar is a type of agar media used to isolate Salmonella species. It uses glucose as a primary source of carbon. Bismuth and brilliant green (dye) both inhibit gram-positive growth. Bismuth sulfite agar tests the ability to use ferrous sulfate and convert it to hydrogen sulfide.

Bismuth sulfite agar typically contains (w/v):

1.6% bismuth sulfite Bi2(SO3)3
1.0% pancreatic digest of casein
1.0% pancreatic digest of animal tissue
1.0% beef extract
1.0% glucose
0.8% dibasic sodium phosphate
0.06% ferrous sulfate • 7 water
pH adjusted to 7.7 at 25 °C

This medium is boiled for sterility, not autoclaved.

Mass concentration (chemistry)
In chemistry, the mass concentration ρi (or γi) is defined as the mass of a constituent mi divided by the volume of the mixture V.

For a pure chemical substance, the mass concentration equals its density (mass divided by volume); thus the mass concentration of a component in a mixture can be called the "density of a component in a mixture". This explains the usage of ρ (the lower case Greek letter rho), the symbol most often used for density.
Anna Shorina
Anna Vladimirovna Shorina (Russian: Анна Владимировна Шорина, 26 August 1982, Moscow, USSR) is a Russian synchro-swimmer.

She has Olympic gold medal in team competition in 2004, won World (2001, 2003, 2005, 2007) and European (1999, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006) Championships and other tournaments.

She is a member of National team since 1999, now she works in FC Terek Grozny.

FC Akhmat Grozny
Republican Football Club Akhmat (Chechen: футболан клуб Ахмат Соьлжа-ГӀала; Russian: Республиканский футбольный клуб Ахмат Грозный), commonly known as Akhmat Grozny, and formerly as Terek Grozny from 1958 to 2017, is a Russian professional football club based in Grozny that plays in the Russian Premier League.
Mount Wilcox (Antarctica)
Mount Wilcox (67°57′S 66°56′W﻿ / ﻿67.950°S 66.933°W﻿ / -67.950; -66.933) is a mountain with a sharp, rocky, triangular peak surmounting the southeast corner of Square Bay, 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Camp Point on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. The mountain was apparently first seen and roughly charted in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Charcot. It was surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Rymill and was photographed from the air in 1940 by the United States Antarctic Service (USAS). The name, proposed by Colonel Lawrence Martin, is for Phineas Wilcox, mate on the Hero, in which Captain Nathaniel Palmer explored the Antarctic mainland south of Deception Island in 1820.

Nathaniel Palmer
Nathaniel Brown Palmer (August 8, 1799 – June 21, 1877) was an American seal hunter, explorer, sailing captain, ship designer, and a whale hunter, known for being one of the first persons to sight continental Antarctica. He gave his name to Palmer Land, which he explored in 1820 on his sloop Hero. He was born in Stonington, Connecticut, and was a descendant of Walter Palmer, one of the town's founders.
Ana Filipa Martins
Ana Filipa da Silva Martins (born 9 January 1996) is a retired Portuguese artistic gymnast who competed at the 2016, 2020, and 2024 Olympic Games. She won a bronze medal at the 2015 Summer Universiade on the balance beam. She is the first Portuguese gymnast to win a World Cup gold medal.

At the 2021 European Championships, Martins became the first Portuguese gymnast to qualify to a European Championships event final, earning a spot in the uneven bars final. She also debuted a new skill, a Hindorff to mixed-grip, making her the first Portuguese gymnast to get a skill named after them in the Code of Points.

Gymnastics at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Gymnastics at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo was held in three categories: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and trampolining. All gymnastics events were staged at the Olympic Gymnastic Centre, Tokyo in 2021.

The programme for 2020 remained unchanged from 2016, despite an application from the FIG for the admission of a new parkour based event. The application had proved contentious with specialist parkour or freerunning organisations lobbying for the sport not to be included, and to be recognized as an entirely separate sport from gymnastics.

Originally planned as a temporary venue, in 2016, the Tokyo 2020 authorities confirmed the Olympic Gymnastic Centre would become a permanent venue, functioning as a convention centre after the Games. Before its refurbishment, the venue was also expected to host the Boccia event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics.

There was one unbroken tie in artistic gymnastics: bronze in the women's floor final.
Nafusa Mountains campaign
The Nafusa Mountains campaign was a series of battles in the Libyan Civil War, fought between loyalist pro-Gaddafi forces and rebel anti-Gaddafi forces in the Nafusa Mountains and, at a later period, in the surrounding plains of western Libya. The mountain range is of strategic importance due to its close proximity to Tripoli, the Libyan capital. Along with the city of Misrata, the Nafusa Mountains region was one of the major rebel strongholds in the Tripolitania region of the country.

Misrata
Misrata (/mɪsˈrɑːtə/ miss-RAH-tə; Arabic: مصراتة, romanized: Miṣrāta, Libyan Arabic: Məṣrāta; also spelled Misratah and known by the Italian spelling Misurata) is a city in northwestern Libya located in the Misrata District, situated 187 km (116 mi) to the east of Tripoli on the Mediterranean coast near Cape Misrata. With a population of about 881,000, it is the third-largest city in Libya, after Tripoli and Benghazi. It is the capital city of the Misrata District and has been called the economic and trade capital of Libya. Its harbor is at Qasr Ahmad.
1962 United States Senate election in Hawaii
The 1962 United States Senate election in Hawaii took place on November 6, 1962. Incumbent Democratic Senator Oren Long retired after serving an abbreviated three-year term. Democratic U.S. Representative Dan Inouye was elected to succeed Long, defeating Republican Ben Dillingham II, the heir to the massive Dillingham industrial fortune.

Inouye would continue to hold the seat with little trouble for nearly fifty years, until his death in 2012.

Walter F. Dillingham
Walter Francis Dillingham (April 5, 1875 – October 22, 1963) called the "Baron of Hawaii Industry", was an American industrialist and businessman from Honolulu, Hawaii. He gained favors from Hawaii politicians to develop urban Honolulu and Waikiki.
William C. Wimsatt
William C. Wimsatt (born May 27, 1941) is professor emeritus in the Department of Philosophy, the Committee on Conceptual and Historical Studies of Science (previously Conceptual Foundations of Science), and the Committee on Evolutionary Biology at the University of Chicago.  He is currently a Winton Professor of the Liberal Arts at the University of Minnesota and a Residential Fellow of the Minnesota Center for Philosophy of Science. He specializes in the philosophy of biology, where his areas of interest include reductionism, heuristics, emergence, scientific modeling, heredity, and cultural evolution.

Emergence
In philosophy, systems theory, science, and art, emergence occurs when a complex entity has properties or behaviors that its parts do not have on their own, and emerge only when they interact in a wider whole.

Emergence plays a central role in theories of integrative levels and of complex systems. For instance, the phenomenon of life as studied in biology is an emergent property of chemistry and physics.

In philosophy, theories that emphasize emergent properties have been called emergentism.