hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Podgaje massacre
The Podgaje massacre refers to the mass murder of Polish People's Armies POWs, who were captured in January 1945 by the Waffen SS. The massacre took place in the village of Podgaje during the night of 31 January, during which approximately 160–210 POWs of the 4th Company, 3rd Infantry Regiment, of the 1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division  were executed. The murders were most likely committed by the 48th Dutch SS Grenadier regiment and/or the Latvian 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS.: 23

While some older sources claimed that 32 of the victims were burned alive, newer research does not support that conclusion.

The Polish soldiers were captured during the First Polish Army's attempt of breaking through the German defensive fortifications, known as the Pomeranian Wall.

The Podgaje massacre is commemorated on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw, with the inscription "PODGAJE 31 I 1945".

The event was fictionalized in the Polish 1979 movie Elegia.

1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division
The Polish 1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division (Polish: 1 Polska Dywizja Piechoty im. Tadeusza Kościuszki) was an infantry division in the Polish armed forces formed in 1943 and named for the Polish and American revolutionary Tadeusz Kościuszko. Formed in the Soviet Union, it was the first division of the First Army (Berling Army), and of what later became the post-war Polish Armed Forces (Ludowe Wojsko Polskie) after Invasion of Poland in 1939 and defeating the Nazi Germany in 1945. It was considered part of Polish Armed Forces in the East.
Kids Alive
Kids Alive was a Japanese rock band formed in 1998 when bassist Akihiro Yamamura, vocalist Yuta Aihara and guitarist Hiroshi "Keiji" Kanno signed up for Kids Records. Their  first major debut single was released in 2002. They changed over to the Cutting Edge label for their next five singles and album two years later. They were with avex and released their two latest singles with them shortly before their break-up in 2003.

One of their songs, "Bokura no bouken", was used as the first ending theme of the anime Hikaru no Go and its opening melody was sampled by German rapper Kool Savas for his Song "Tot oder Lebendig". "2nd Stage" was used for the opening theme of the anime Hungry Heart: Wild Striker.

Kool Savas
Savaş Yurderi (born 10 February 1975), known by his stage name Kool Savas, is a German rapper. Along with Taktlo$$, he formed the highly influential German rap duo Westberlin Maskulin (1997–2000). He was also a founding member of the German rap crew Masters of Rap in 1996. Savas is considered one of the most successful German rappers.

In 2012, he collaborated in "Xavas", a duo formation with Xavier Naidoo, a German soul and R&B singer-songwriter and actor in the album Gespaltene Persönlichkeit. The two had already worked together on a number of other releases.
Enathu Bailey bridge
Enathu Bailey bridge was a Bailey bridge constructed by Indian Army through Kallada River in Enathu, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. It connects Enathu with Kottarakkara. The bridge is opened for public at 10 April 2017. In September 2017, after the Enathu Bridge maintenance completed, the Indian Army dismantle the Bailey bridge.

Pathanamthitta
Pathanamthitta (IPA: [pɐt̪ːɐnɐn̪d̪iʈːɐ]), is a Municipal Town in southern Kerala, India, spread over an area of 23.5 km2 (9.1 sq mi). It is the administrative capital of Pathanamthitta district. The town has a population of 37,538 (as of 2011 census). The Hindu pilgrim centre Sabarimala is situated in the Pathanamthitta district; as the main transport hub to Sabarimala, the town is known as the 'Pilgrim Capital of Kerala'. Pathanamthitta District, the thirteenth revenue district of the State of Kerala, was formed with effect from 1 November 1982, with headquarters at Pathanamthitta. Forest covers more than half of the total area of the District. Pathanamthitta District ranks the 7th in area in the State. The district has its borders with Allepey, Kottayam, Kollam and Idukki districts of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Nearest town is Thiruvalla (largest town in Pathanamthitta District), located at a distance of 30 km. Thiruvalla railway station is 30 km via Thiruvalla-Kumbazha highway.
Isaac van Amburgh and his Animals
Isaac van Amburgh and his Animals is an 1839 portrait painting by the British artist Edwin Landseer. It shows the American animal trainer Isaac A. Van Amburgh. Van Amburgh enjoyed great success performing in London in the late 1830s at locations like the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane and Astley's Amphitheatre. He is shown surrounded by lions and other animals in a cage with spectators peering through the bars. It is was one of the earliest commissions for Landseer from Queen Victoria. He was one her favourite painters and would produce works for her for several decades. 
The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1839 at the National Gallery. It remains in the Royal Collection today at Windsor Castle.

Commission (art)
In art, a commission is the act of requesting the creation of a piece, often on behalf of another. Artwork may be commissioned by private individuals, by the government, or businesses. Commissions often resemble endorsement or sponsorship.

In classical music, ensembles often commission pieces from composers, where the ensemble secures the composer's payment from private or public organizations or donors.
We Will Become Silhouettes
"We Will Become Silhouettes" is a single by American indie band the Postal Service, released February 8, 2005, under the Sub Pop Records label. The single included a new track "Be Still My Heart" and two remixed tracks by Matthew Dear ("We Will Become Silhouettes") and Styrofoam ("Nothing Better").  The title track has been used in a Honda Civic commercial. Indie band The Shins recorded an acoustic cover of the title track, which was included as a B-side on the Postal Service's earlier single "Such Great Heights".

"We Will Become Silhouettes" was the fourth single released by The Postal Service and is the band's most successful, reaching number three on the Canadian Singles Chart, number 82 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number 92 on the UK Singles Chart.

The cover artwork was designed by Kozyndan, who have illustrated the previous singles as well.

Kozyndan
Kozyndan is the joint pseudonym of Los Angeles–based husband-and-wife illustrator team Kozue and Dan Kitchens, known in particular for their whimsical and occasionally absurd illustrations of modern cityscapes.
2001–02 UEFA Cup
The 2001–02 UEFA Cup was won by Feyenoord at their home ground in the final against Borussia Dortmund. It was the second time they won the competition.

Liverpool could not defend their title as they automatically qualified for the 2001–02 UEFA Champions League and also reached the knockout stage.

2001–02 UEFA Champions League knockout stage
The knockout stage of the 2001–02 UEFA Champions League began on 2 April 2002 and ended on 15 May 2002 with the final at Hampden Park in Glasgow, Scotland. Teams qualified via the 2001–02 UEFA Champions League second group stage.

All times are CEST (UTC+2), as listed by UEFA.
Emtmannsberg
Emtmannsberg is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Upper Franconia in Bavaria, Germany.

The Ölschnitz river begins near Emtmannsberg-Unterölschnitz at the confluence of the Laimbach and Bieberswöhrbach.

Upper Franconia
Upper Franconia (German: Oberfranken, pronounced [ˈoːbɐˌfʁaŋkn̩] ⓘ) is an administrative region (Regierungsbezirk) of the state of Bavaria, southern Germany. It forms part of the historically significant region of Franconia, the others being Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia, which are all part of Bavaria.

With more than 200 independent breweries which brew approximately 1000 different types of beer, Upper Franconia has the world's highest brewery-density per capita. A special Franconian beer route (Fränkische Brauereistraße) runs through many popular breweries.
Long Wood, Ealing
Long Wood is a 1.2 hectare Local Nature Reserve and Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade 1, in Norwood Green in the London Borough of Ealing. It is owned and managed by Ealing Council.

The site has ancient woodland, marshy areas, a stream and more open areas. Flora include bluebells, false brome and wood millet. Wet areas have Opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage and large bittercress, which are rare in London. An unusual feature is a mature oak and cherry tree which have the same trunk.

There is access from Windmill Lane, close to an M4 bridge, and from Trumpers Way, by a footpath which crosses a railway line.

Norwood Green
Norwood Green is a place in the London Borough of Ealing in London, England, that forms the southern part of Southall. It is a suburban development centred 10.7 miles (17.2 km) west of Charing Cross and 4 miles (6.4 km) ENE of Heathrow Airport.

Its origin coincides with the 12th century arch in its chapel, the date when it is first recorded. Reflecting its mid-19th century agrarian nature it remained below church status in Hayes parish until 1859.

It often lends its name to an electoral ward of around 12,500 people. It today forms the southern part of larger Southall, named after the main manor which lay in the north of its area which is south of Northolt parish.

Informally, Norwood Green overspills into part of Heston in the London Borough of Hounslow.
Christian Wolther
Christian Wolther (born in Oslo, 1964) is a Norwegian artist and writer, playwright, director, philosopher and pedagogue, and earlier in his career also theatre critic and art writer. Since 2005 he has been living in France and Thailand besides Norway. He has been active as a philosopher with his own YouTube channel since 2012. In January 2011, Christian Wolther had a major solo exhibition "UNTITLED OCEAN" in The National Gallery of Thailand.

Solo exhibition
A solo show or solo exhibition is an exhibition of the work of only one artist. Rather than a group of artists who collaborate to form an exhibition. The artwork may be paintings, drawings, etchings, collage, sculpture, or photography. The creator of any artistic technique may be the subject of a solo show. Other skills and crafts have similar types of shows for the creators. Having solo shows of one's artwork marks the achievement of success and usually is accompanied by receptions and a great deal of publicity. The show may be of current work being produced, those from a single time period, or representative work from different periods in the career of the artist, the latter is termed a retrospective.
Scitalis
The Scitalis or Scytale is a serpent from Medieval bestiaries, such as the Aberdeen Bestiary, supposed to have such marvelous markings on its back that its appearance would stun the viewer, slowing the person down so that they could be caught. Its bodily heat was so great that it shed its skin even in the winter.

Lucan wrote in the 1st century AD, in his Pharsalia, book 9, verse 841-842, that "Sole of all serpents Scytale to shed / In vernal frosts his slough...".

Isidore of Seville wrote in the 7th century AD in his Etymologiae Book 12, 4:19, that "The scitalis (scytale) has a skin that shines with such variety that by these marks it slows down any who see it. It creeps slowly and cannot pursue its prey, so it stupifies with its marvelous appearance. It is so hot that even in winter it sheds its skin."

Lucan
Marcus Annaeus Lucanus (3 November AD 39 – 30 April AD 65), better known in English as Lucan (/ˈluːkən/), was a Roman poet, born in Corduba, Hispania Baetica (present-day Córdoba, Spain). He is regarded as one of the outstanding figures of the Imperial Latin period, known in particular for his epic Pharsalia. His youth and speed of composition set him apart from other poets.
Neil Speight
Neil Speight (born July 1958) is a British journalist, football manager and politician who has served as the member of Thurrock Council for the ward of Stanford-le-Hope West since 2023 and the editor of Thurrock Nub News since 2019.

Thurrock Council
Thurrock Council is the local authority for the borough of Thurrock in the ceremonial county of Essex, England. Since 1998 the council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council. It is a member of the East of England Local Government Association. The council is based in Grays.

In 2022 the council's level of debt arising from failed investments led to it issuing a Section 114 notice, being the local authority equivalent of declaring bankruptcy. The government directed neighbouring Essex County Council to take over Thurrock's finances and also appointed a new managing director for the council.

Since 2024, the government has planned to abolish the council and merge it with other parts of Essex as part of its planned reorganisation of local government in Essex in 2025, with the next local elections in 2025 likely postponed until 2026.
Mihkel Räim
Mihkel Räim (born 3 July 1993) is an Estonian cyclist, who currently rides for Quick Pro Team. In October 2020, he was named in the startlist for the 2020 Vuelta a España. He is four time Estonian national road race champion. In his career he earned more than 15 UCI victories in different categories.

Quick Pro Team
Quick Pro Team is an Estonian-registered UCI Continental road cycling team founded in 2022. Prior to 2025, the team was based in Mongolia under the sponsor Ferei. The team moved to Estonia after signing several Estonian riders and one Finnish rider in 2024.
2011 WSA World Series Finals
The 2011 WSA World Series Finals is the women's edition of the 2011 WSA World Series Finals (Prize money : $50 000). The event took place at the Queen's Club in London in England between 4–8 January 2012. Nicol David won her first WSA World Series Finals trophy, beating Madeline Perry in the final.

Queen's Club
The Queen's Club is a private sporting club in Barons Court, West Kensington, London, England. The club hosts the annual Queen's Club Championships grass court lawn tennis tournament (currently known as the "HSBC Championships" for sponsorship reasons). It has 28 outdoor courts and ten indoor. With two courts, it is also the national headquarters of real tennis, hosting the British Open every year except in 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic. The Queen's Club also has rackets and squash courts; it became the headquarters for both sports after the closure of the Prince's Club in 1940.
Shepherd Public Schools
Shepherd Public Schools is a public school district in Central Michigan. In Isabella County, it serves Shepherd and parts of the townships of Chippewa, Coe, Denver, Fremont, and Lincoln. It also serves small sections of the townships of Pine River and Seville in Gratiot County and Greendale and Jasper in Midland County.

Gratiot County, Michigan
Gratiot County (/ˈɡræʃɪt/ GRASH-it) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 41,761. The county seat is Ithaca, although its most populous city is Alma.

Gratiot County comprises the Alma, MI Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also part of the Mount Pleasant-Alma, MI Combined Statistical Area. The Gratiot County Courthouse was designed in the classical revival style by Claire Allen, a prominent southern Michigan architect. It is one of seven sites in the county listed on the National Register of Historic Places (No. 76002291 added 1976). In June 2012, the 212.8 MW Gratiot County Wind Project opened, the largest wind power installation in the state.
Argonauta argo
Argonauta argo, also known as the greater argonaut, is a species of pelagic octopus belonging to the genus Argonauta.  The Chinese name for this species translates as "white sea-horse's nest".

A. argo was the first argonaut species to be described and is consequently the type species of the genus. The type specimen of A. argo was collected in the Mediterranean Sea and is deposited at the Linnean Society of London.

Tommaso Di Maria Allery Monterosato
Tommaso di Maria Allery, marchese di Monterosato (27 June 1841 – 1 March 1927) was an Italian malacologist.

He was born in Palermo, Italy, in 1841 and died there in 1927. He became a distinguished scholar of the Mollusca in the Mediterranean, appreciated by students of malacology from around the world.

Despite his reluctance to research in the field, he collected a considerable amount of specimens to be studied in collaboration with other scholars. During his many travels in Italy and abroad, he kept many contacts with  famous malacologists.

His scientific production was of considerable importance. He described many new species, enumerated the Mediterranean shells and studied the fossil deposits of Mount Pellegrino. According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) he has named 345 marine species, many of which have become synonyms
Yeoh hyperelastic model
The Yeoh hyperelastic material model is a phenomenological model for the deformation of nearly incompressible, nonlinear elastic materials such as rubber. The model is based on Ronald Rivlin's observation that the elastic properties of rubber may be described using a strain energy density function which is a power series in the strain invariants  of the Cauchy-Green deformation tensors. The Yeoh model for incompressible rubber is a function only of . For compressible rubbers, a dependence on  is added on. Since a polynomial form of the strain energy density function is used but all the three invariants of the left Cauchy-Green deformation tensor are not, the Yeoh model is also called the reduced polynomial model.

Phenomenological model
A phenomenological model is a scientific model that describes the empirical relationship of phenomena to each other, in a way which is consistent with fundamental theory, but is not directly derived from theory. In other words, a phenomenological model is not derived from first principles. A phenomenological model forgoes any attempt to explain why the variables interact the way they do, and simply attempts to describe the relationship, with the assumption that the relationship extends past the measured values. Regression analysis is sometimes used to create statistical models that serve as phenomenological models.
National Federation of Workers' Councils
The National Federation of Workers' Councils (MOSz) is a national trade union center in Hungary. It was formed in 1989 and has a membership of 56,000 in 12 branches.

Most members are from small to medium-sized businesses in the private sector. The MOSz is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation, and the European Trade Union Confederation.

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
Kathy Tu
Kathy Tu is an Asian-American podcaster and current head of production at Wondery. Tu previously co-hosted Nancy (WNYC/New York Public Radio) until 2020 and worked for New York Times Opinion podcasts.

Tu was listed on Fast Company's "Queer 50" list in 2022.

Fast Company
Fast Company is an American business magazine published monthly in print and online, focusing on technology, business, and design. Founded in 1995, it releases six print issues annually, in addition to various ranking lists, podcasts, newsletters, and paid communities of business executives. As of 2025, Fast Company attracts millions of monthly readers. It is owned by Mansueto Ventures.
Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament – Group A
Group A of the men's football tournament at the 2024 Summer Olympics was played from 24 to 30 July 2024. The group consisted of hosts France, Guinea, New Zealand and the United States. The top two teams, France and the United States, advanced to the knockout stage.

France Olympic football team
The France Olympic football team, also known as the France national under-23 football team, represents France in men's international football competitions in Olympic Games. It has been active since 1948, and first competed in 1948. Olympic football was originally an amateur sport, and as the pre-World War II France national team was also amateur, it was able to send a team to the games. The rules on amateurism were relaxed in the 1980s, which allowed France some success, notably a gold medal finish in 1984. Since 1992 the tournament has been competed by under-23 teams, making France's Olympic qualification dependent on the results of the under-21 team. Only in 2020 the French returned to the Olympic stage after a 24-year absence.
Floris Diergaardt
Floris Diergaardt (born 23 September 1980 in Windhoek) is a Namibian football striker currently playing for FC Civics.  He is a member of the Namibia national football team.

Early in his career, Diergaardt played in the fourth-tier German Oberliga with TuS Germania Schnelsen.

Namibia national football team
The Namibia national football team represents Namibia in men's international football and is controlled by the Namibia Football Association. They have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup but have made four appearances in the Africa Cup of Nations. The team represents both FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Acrobasis tricolorella
Acrobasis tricolorella, the destructive prune worm or tricolored acrobasis moth, is a species of snout moth in the genus Acrobasis. It was described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1878, and is known from southern Canada and northern United States.

Adults are on wing from June to October.

The larvae feed on Prunus, Malus pumila, Prunus armeniaca, Sorbus americana, Rosa, Amelanchier and Heteromeles arbutifolia. They feed on buds and fruits of their host plant. The larvae engage in leaf rolling behavior. The species overwinters in the larval stage.

Sorbus americana
The tree species Sorbus americana is commonly known as the American mountain-ash. It is a deciduous perennial tree, native to eastern North America.

The American mountain-ash and related species (most often the European mountain-ash, Sorbus aucuparia) are also referred to as rowan trees.
Alectryon subdentatus
Alectryon subdentatus is a tall shrub/small tree in the Sapindaceae family, and was first described in 1863 as Nephelium subdentatum by Ferdinand von Mueller, and then in 1879  was assigned to the genus, Alectryon, by Ludwig Radlkofer.

It is native to Queensland and to New South Wales in Australia, where it is found in the dry tropical biome.

Sapindaceae
The Sapindaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1,858 accepted species. Examples include horse chestnut, maples, ackee and lychee.

The Sapindaceae occur in temperate to tropical regions, many in laurel forest habitat, throughout the world. Many are laticiferous, i.e. they contain latex, a milky sap, and many contain mildly toxic saponins with soap-like qualities in either the foliage and/or the seeds, or roots. The largest genera are Serjania, Paullinia, Allophylus and Acer.