hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Long Creek (Saskatchewan)
Long Creek is a river in central North America that begins in Saskatchewan, flows south-east into North Dakota, and then flows back north into Saskatchewan. It is a tributary of the Souris River. The Souris River drains into the Assiniboine River, which is part of the Red River drainage basin in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion. In 1957, a dam was built on Long Creek near where it meets the Souris River to create Boundary Dam Reservoir.

In 1873, the Boundary Commission set out from Pembina, Dakota Territory to survey the Canada–United States border. The route used by the commission followed several rivers near the border, including Long Creek. In 1874, the North-West Mounted Police followed the same route along Long Creek on their March West to deal with the Cypress Hills Massacre.

Prairie Pothole Region
The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) is an expansive area of the northern Great Plains that contains thousands of shallow wetlands known as potholes. These potholes are the result of glacier activity in the Wisconsin glaciation, which ended about 10,000 years ago. The decaying ice sheet left behind depressions formed by the uneven deposition of till as buried ice blocks melted in ground moraines. These depressions are called potholes, glacial potholes, kettles, or kettle lakes. They fill with water in the spring, creating wetlands, which range in duration from temporary to semi-permanent. The region covers an area of about 800,000 sq. km and expands across three Canadian provinces (Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Alberta) and five U.S. states (Minnesota, Iowa, North and South Dakota, and Montana). The hydrology of the wetlands is variable, which results in long term productivity and biodiversity. The PPR is a prime spot during breeding and nesting season for millions of migrating waterfowl.
Jack Remsen
John Jay Remsen (April, 1850 – After 1884) was an American Major League Baseball player who played mainly in center field for eight teams in nine seasons, from 1872 to 1884.  He played for the Brooklyn Atlantics, New York Mutuals, Hartford Dark Blues, of the National Association; the Dark Blues, St. Louis Brown Stockings, Chicago White Stockings, Cleveland Blues, Philadelphia Quakers of the National League; and the Brooklyn Atlantics of the American Association.

Cleveland Blues (National League)
The Cleveland Blues were a Major League Baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio, that operated in the National League from 1879 to 1884.  In six seasons their best finish was third place in 1880.  Hugh Daily threw a no-hitter for the Blues on September 13, 1883.  Besides Daily, notable Blues players included Jack Glasscock and Baseball Hall of Fame member Ned Hanlon. The team was purchased by Charles Byrne in 1885 for $10,000 and folded into his Brooklyn Grays team.
1937 Mitropa Cup
The 1937 season of the Mitropa Cup football club tournament was won by Ferencváros who defeated Lazio 9–6 on aggregate in the final. It was their second victory in the competition, having previously won it in 1928. The two legs of the final were played on 12 September and 24 October.

This was the eleventh edition of the tournament, and the first edition to feature a team from Romania. Defending champions Austria Wien lost at the semifinal stage to eventual winners Ferencváros.

FK Austria Wien
Fußballklub Austria Wien AG (German pronunciation: [ˈaʊstri̯aː ˈviːn]), known in English as Austria Vienna, and Austria Wien in German-speaking countries, is an Austrian professional association football club from the capital city of Vienna. It has won the most trophies of any Austrian club from the top flight, with 24 Austrian Bundesliga titles and 27 Austrian Cup titles. With 27 victories in the Austrian Cup and six in the Austrian Supercup, Austria Wien is also the most successful club in each of those tournaments. The club reached the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup final in 1978, and the semi-finals of the European Cup the season after. The club plays at the Franz Horr Stadium, known as the Generali Arena since a 2010 naming rights deal with an Italian insurance company. Along with their local rivals, they have never been relegated.
Mirza Masood
Mirza Nasir-ud-din Masood (23 April 1906 – 21 September 1991) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

In 1936 he was a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played one match  as halfback.

In 1948, Masood became private secretary to India's first Minister of Education, Abul Kalam Azad. He was temporarily released from that role in 1952 when he was appointed the UNESCO Mission Chief to Indonesia, where he remained until 1957. Following Azad's death in 1958, Jawaharlal Nehru successively appointed Masood as Advisor on Physical Education and Recreation, Consul General responsible for Muscat and Oman, the Emirates, and Bahrain, and Ambassador to Saudi Arabia. Upon his return to India in 1964, he was made secretary of the Central Waqf Board by Lal Bahadur Shastri.

Masood retired to Delhi in 1968 with his wife Atiya. He died in 1991 and was buried in Nizamuddin cemetery.

Central Waqf Council
Central Waqf Council  is an Indian statutory body operated by the Government of India under The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025, a subordinate of the Waqf Act, 1995.

The Waqf boards in the Indian subcontinent were formed in 1913 during the British rule. The Mussalman Waqf Act 1923 was established for the purpose of advising it on matters pertaining to the working of the State Waqf Boards and proper administration of the Waqfs in the country. Waqf is a permanent dedication of movable or immovable properties given by philanthropists for religious, pious or charitable purposes as recognized by Muslim Law. The grant is known as mushrut-ul-khidmat, while a person making such dedication is known as Wakif.
Clinton, Michigan
Clinton is the name of some places in the U.S. state of Michigan:

Clinton County, Michigan

Clinton Township, Macomb County, Michigan

Clinton, Lenawee County, Michigan, village

Clinton Township, Lenawee County, Michigan

Clinton Township, Oscoda County, Michigan

Clinton Township, Lenawee County, Michigan
Clinton Township is a civil township of Lenawee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 3,765 at the 2020 census. The village of Clinton is located within the township.

Both the village and township are named in honor of DeWitt Clinton, the governor of New York from 1817 to 1823.
Warren Burt
Warren Burt (born 10 October 1949)  is an Australia-based composer of American birth. He is known for composing in a wide variety of new music styles, ranging from acoustic music, electroacoustic music, sound art installations to text-based music. Burt often employs elements of improvisation, microtonality, humour, live interaction, and lo-fi electronic techniques in his music.

Adaptive music
Adaptive music is music which changes in response to real-time events or user interactions, found most commonly in video games. It may change in volume, arrangement, tempo, and more. Adaptive music is a staple within the role-playing game genre, often being used to change the tone and intensity of music when the player enters and leaves combat. Music video games, in which a core gameplay element involves player interaction with music, also have fundamentally adaptive soundtracks.
Acidobacterium capsulatum
Acidobacterium capsulatum is a bacterium. It is an acidophilic chemoorganotrophic bacterium containing menaquinone. It is gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, mesophilic, non-spore-forming, capsulated, saccharolytic and rod-shaped. It is also motile by peritrichous flagella. Its type strain is JCM 7670.

They can grow between pH 3.0 and 6.0, but not at pH 6.5. They give positive results in esculin hydrolysis, β-galactosidase and catalase tests and are negative in oxidase and urease tests. They can use glucose, starch, cellobiose, maltose as a sole carbon source, but cannot use elemental sulfur and ferrous iron as an energy source. Another characteristic of this organism is the presence of high amounts of exopolysaccharides coating the cells from soil isolates. Presence of exopolysaccharides helps in increased adhesion and allow the bacterium to acquire nutrients more readily from the environment.

Pectin
Pectin (Ancient Greek: πηκτικός pēktikós: 'congealed' and 'curdled') is a heteropolysaccharide, a structural polymer contained in the cell walls and middle lamellae of terrestrial plants. The principal chemical component of pectin is galacturonic acid (a sugar acid derived from galactose) which was isolated and described by Henri Braconnot in 1825. Commercially produced pectin is a white-to-light-brown powder, produced from citrus fruits for use as an edible gelling agent, especially in jams and jellies, dessert fillings, medications, and sweets; as a food stabiliser in fruit juices and milk drinks; and as a source of dietary fiber.
Todd Erdos
Todd Michael Erdos (born November 21, 1973) is an American former middle-relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the San Diego Padres, New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox in a span of six seasons from 1997 to 2001. Listed at 6' 1", 205 lb., Erdos batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Washington, Pennsylvania.

The Padres selected Erdos in the 9th round of the 1992 MLB draft out of the Meadville Area Senior High School in Pennsylvania, where he played for the Bulldog baseball team.

1992 Major League Baseball draft
The 1992 Major League Baseball draft took place on June 1, 1992, through a conference call involving all 28 MLB teams of the time. Phil Nevin of Cal State Fullerton was the first overall selection, chosen by the Houston Astros. Derek Jeter, selected for the National Baseball Hall of Fame in January 2020, was selected by the New York Yankees with the sixth selection. In addition to Nevin, Paul Shuey, B. J. Wallace, Jeffrey Hammonds, and Chad Mottola were selected ahead of Jeter.
Love no Theme
"Love no Theme" is Ai Otsuka's first (15th overall) single under the avex trax label under her pen name Love. It is also her second single released in 2007.

"Love no Theme", marks the first time that Ai has released a single about a character bunny name Love-chan and under her pen name Love. "I canChu♥" was the original title but it was changed to "Love no Theme".

"Love no Theme" also the opening theme for the Oshare Majo: Love and Berry anime movie, Oshare Majo: Love and Berry Shiwase no Mahou.

Love and Berry: Dress Up and Dance!
Love and Berry: Dress Up and Dance! is a collectible card game developed and published by Sega for arcades. The game was first shown in amusement arcades on October 30, 2004, and became very popular among the target market in late 2005 through 2006. Game machines were installed in many department stores and children's play areas. Players receive 1 card at the start of the game with barcodes on them that store information for new outfits, accessories, and hairstyles for the game characters. As of April 2006, there are 180 different collectible cards. As of January 2006, approximately 6,800 machines have been installed, and 104 million cards printed. It is the fourth trading card arcade game by Sega, following World Club Champion Football, Mushiking: The King of Beetles and The Key of Avalon.
Sofia Andres
Sofia Louise Alejandre Andres (born August 24, 1998) is a Filipino actress. After appearing in several television commercials as a child, she first appeared as an actress at age 14 in the hit series, Princess and I. She has since gained both critical and commercial praise for her performances in a string of successful film and television series such as: She's Dating the Gangster (2014), Bagani (2018), Pusong Ligaw (2017) and Relaks, It's Just Pag-ibig (2014).

She was recognized by Tatler as one of the most stylish Filipino personalities in Asia. She was also invited as a presenter at the Web TV Asia Awards 2016 at the Korea International Exhibition Centre (KINTEX) in Seoul, South Korea. In 2022, she was handpicked as the brand ambassadress of the personal care brand Sooper Beaute.

Korea International Exhibition Center
Korea International Exhibition Center (Korean: 킨텍스; commonly known as KINTEX) is a convention and exhibition center located in Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi Province, approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) from Seoul, South Korea. It comprises two exhibition centers, one of which is connected to the office building of its parent company KINTEX Inc., and is the largest "MICE" venue in South Korea.
Golak (Sikhism)
A Golak (meaning "till", "receptacle", or "cash-box") is a donation-box installed at Sikh temples for the purposes of keeping gifts, offerings, and financial contributions. The golak is usually kept at the front of the sanctum sanctorum in the Darbar Sahib Hall as a receptacle for visitors to put money inside. Whatever is inputted into the golak should be used for charitable means and offerings are made in the name of the guru. They are found in gurdwaras and historically, dharamsāls. The donations from the golak fund langar, schools, and hospitals.

Donation box
A donation box or collecting box is a receptacle for receiving donations. These are typically found in public places, as a means of generating additional revenue in small increments. Churches, libraries, museums, and many non-profit organizations make use of donation boxes.

In churches it is common to find a Mite box or Alms Box, and in Shinto shrines a Saisen-bako.
Jan Maas
Jan Maas can refer to:

Jan Maas (cyclist, born 1900) (1900–1977), Dutch cyclist

Jan Maas (cyclist, born 1996), Dutch cyclist

Jan Maas (sailor) (1911–1962), Dutch sailor

Jan Maas (character), a fictional footballer in the TV series Ted Lasso

Jan Maas (sailor)
Jan Maas (2 April 1911 Batavia, Dutch East Indies – 31 December 1962, New York) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Maas competed, with his Brother Bob Maas as helmsman, in the Star, he took the 6th place. The Maas brothers took part at their own cost.

Jan Maas is the younger brother of Bob Maas.
L-amino-acid dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a L-amino-acid dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

an L-amino acid + H2O + NAD+ ⇌ a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + NADH + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are L-amino acid, H2O, and NAD+, whereas its 4 products are 2-oxo acid, NH3, NADH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-amino-acid:NAD+ oxidoreductase (deaminating).

Keto acid
In organic chemistry, keto acids or ketoacids (also called oxo carboxylic acids) are organic compounds that contain a carboxylic acid group (−COOH) and a ketone group (>C=O).  In several cases, the keto group is hydrated.  The alpha-keto acids are especially important in biology as they are involved in the Krebs citric acid cycle and in glycolysis.
Moussa Kaboré
Moussa Kaboré (born 6 July 1982 in Kombissiri, Burkina Faso) is a Burkinabé football striker.

Kaboré was part of the Burkinabé U-17 World Championship team, which finished third place of its group in the first round of competition. In 2000–2001 he played for ASFA Yennenga in the Burkinabé Premier League.

In Germany, the striker played for LR Ahlen, 1. FC Bocholt and TuRU Düsseldorf. In 2006, Kaboré moved to Moroccan sports club Wydad Casablanca and two years later he joined KS Bylis Ballsh in the Albanian Superliga.

KF Bylis
Klubi i Futbollit Bylis is an Albanian professional football club based in Ballsh, part of Mallakastër municipality. They compete in the Abissnet Superiore, the top tier of Albanian football. Their home ground is the Adush Muça Stadium.
Admirals All (play)
Admirals All is a 1934 adventure comedy play by the British writers Ian Hay and Stephen King-Hall about a film star who becomes mixed up with the Royal Navy and Chinese pirates.

It premiered at the Kings Theatre, Southsea in the naval town of Portsmouth before transferring to the West End. It ran for 192 performances at the Shaftesbury Theatre and then the Cambridge Theatre between 6 August 1934 and 19 January 1935. It marked the West End debut of Hollywood film actress Laura La Plante, then in London making films for Warner Brothers at Teddington Studios. The cast also included Diana Beaumont, Jack Hobbs, Frederick Burtwell, Geoffrey Sumner and Aubrey Mather.

Adventure
An adventure is a novel and exciting undertaking that is typically bold, sometimes risky. Adventures may be activities with danger such as traveling, exploring, skydiving, mountain climbing, scuba diving, river rafting, or other extreme sports. Adventures are often undertaken to create psychological arousal or in order to achieve a greater goal, such as the pursuit of knowledge that can only be obtained by such activities.
Storö-Bockö-Lökaö Nature Reserve
Storö-Bockö-Lökaö Nature Reserve (Swedish: Storö-Bockö-Lökaö naturreservat, also known as Möjaskärgården or Möja archipelago) is a nature reserve in Stockholm County in Sweden.

The nature reserve consists of more than 150 islands of different sizes on the border between the outer and middle parts of Stockholm archipelago. The vegetation on the outer islands is dominated by birch, while the other islands are dominated by pine. The undergrowth is generally sparse, apart from in the occasional small valley, where vegetation can be relatively lush with oak trees and other deciduous trees. Several of the islands also contain areas of swamp forest. The bird-life is rich, with species such as velvet scoter, tufted duck, common eider, ruddy turnstone, skua and black guillemot found here.

Velvet scoter
The velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca) is a large sea duck, which breeds over the far north of Europe and the Palearctic west of the Yenisey basin. The genus name is derived from Ancient Greek melas "black" and netta "duck". The species name is from the Latin fuscus "dusky brown".
Popiel I
Popiel I was a legendary ruler of Poland, member of the Popielids dynasty. According to the legends reported by Wincenty Kadłubek in his Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae, he was the son of Leszko III. Father of Popiel II. Reportedly ruled in harmony along with twenty stepbrothers, who chose his son for a new king during his lifetime (according to Chronicle of Greater Poland, chosen after his death).

According to Jan Długosz, Popiel led numerous successful wars, however he was described as inefficient and indolent. Długosz reported Popiel I at first ruling in Kraków, then deciding to move the capital to Gniezno. Ultimately, he moved the capital to Kruszwica.

Benedykt Chmielowski in Nowe Ateny reports that Popiel ruled for 15 years, and died in 815.

Kruszwica
Kruszwica ([kruʂˈfʲit͡sa]) is a town in central Poland, in the Inowrocław County in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. It has a population of 9,161 (2010). Initially founded in the 6th century, Kruszwica is the oldest town in the region and features a medieval castle with a 12th-century Romanesque church. It is situated on the shores of Gopło Lake in the historic region of Kuyavia.
Canyon towhee
The canyon towhee (Melozone fusca) is a bird of the family Passerellidae.  Until 1989, the canyon towhee and the California towhee were considered to be a single species which was called the brown towhee.

New World sparrow
New World sparrows are a group of mainly New World passerine birds, forming the family Passerellidae. They are seed-eating birds with conical bills, brown or gray in color, and many species have distinctive head patterns.

Although they share the name sparrow, New World sparrows are more closely related to Old World buntings than they are to the Old World sparrows (family Passeridae). New World sparrows are also similar in both appearance and habit to finches, with which they sometimes used to be classified.
ΑΒΒ
αΒΒ is a second-order deterministic global optimization algorithm for finding the optima of general, twice continuously differentiable functions. The algorithm is based around creating a relaxation for nonlinear functions of general form by superposing them with a quadratic of sufficient magnitude, called α, such that the resulting superposition is enough to overcome the worst-case scenario of non-convexity of the original function. Since a quadratic has a diagonal Hessian matrix, this superposition essentially adds a number to all diagonal elements of the original Hessian, such that the resulting Hessian is positive-semidefinite. Thus, the resulting relaxation is a convex function.

Hessian matrix
In mathematics, the Hessian matrix, Hessian or (less commonly) Hesse matrix is a square matrix of second-order partial derivatives of a scalar-valued function, or scalar field. It describes the local curvature of a function of many variables. The Hessian matrix was developed in the 19th century by the German mathematician Ludwig Otto Hesse and later named after him. Hesse originally used the term "functional determinants". The Hessian is sometimes denoted by H or  or  or  or .
Sporopodium awasthianum
Sporopodium awasthianum is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen in the family Ectolechiaceae. Found in India, it was formally described as a new species in 2008 by Krishna Pal Singh and Athokpam Pinokiyo. The type specimen was collected by the first author in the Tengapani Reserve Forest (Lohit district, Arunachal Pradesh) at an altitude of 250 m (820 ft), where it was found growing on dicotyledon leaves. The lichen has a finely verrucose (warty) thallus with whitish-pale to greyish green or brownish verrucae, a white hypothallus (when present), and colourless, muriform (chambered) ascospores that measure 50–85 by 15–20 μm. The specific epithet awasthianum honours Indian lichenologist Dharani Dhar Awasthi, who, according to the authors, "has made valuable contributions to Indian lichenology, and who is still continuing his efforts towards the development of lichenology in India".

Foliicolous lichen
A foliicolous lichen  is a lichen which grows on the surfaces of living leaves of vascular plants, usually inhabiting the upper surface (epiphyllous) but sometimes also the lower surface (hypophyllous). Foliicolous lichens largely occur in tropical environments and of the over 800 foliicolous lichens accepted (as of 2008) over 600 of these are known from the tropics. Unlike most lichens which are common in humid but cool and temperate climates, these tropical lichens are more suited to the higher temperatures and lower light levels present beneath the rainforest canopy, where they are involved in the nutrient cycle and water retention. Chlorophyta are common photosynthetic partner phycobionts of epiphyllous lichens.
Pope Benedict IV
Pope Benedict IV (Latin: Benedictus IV; c. 840 – 30 July 903) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 1 February 900 to his death.  The tenth-century historian Flodoard, who nicknamed him "the Great", commended his noble birth and public generosity.

Benedict was a native of Rome, the son of one Mammalus, and was ordained priest by Pope Formosus. He succeeded Pope John IX. In 900, he excommunicated Count Baldwin II of Flanders for murdering Archbishop Fulk of Reims. In 901, Benedict crowned Louis the Blind as emperor. In 902, Berengar of Friuli defeated Louis III and forced him to leave Italy. Benedict died in Rome during the summer of 903; it is possible that Berengar had some involvement. Benedict was buried in front of St Peter's Basilica, by the gate of Guido. He was followed by Pope Leo V.

Fulk (archbishop of Reims)
Fulk the Venerable (died June 17, 900) was archbishop of Reims from 883 until his death. He was a key figure in the political conflicts of the West Frankish kingdom that followed the dissolution of the Carolingian Empire in the late ninth century.