hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Penal Code (Singapore)
The Penal Code 1871 sets out general principles of the criminal law of Singapore, as well as the elements and penalties of general criminal offences such as assault, criminal intimidation, mischief, grievous hurt, theft, extortion, sex crimes and cheating.  The Penal Code does not define and list exhaustively all the criminal offences applicable in Singapore – a large number of these are created by other statutes such as the Arms Offences Act, Kidnapping Act, Misuse of Drugs Act and Vandalism Act.

Mischief
Mischief (or malicious mischief) is a class of criminal offenses that are defined differently in different legal jurisdictions. While the wrongful acts will often involve what is popularly described as vandalism, there can be a legal differentiation between vandalism and mischief. The etymology of the word comes from Old French meschief, which means "misfortune", from meschever, "to end badly".
Angelina Vovk
Angelina Mikhaylovna Vovk  (Russian: Ангели́на Миха́йловна Вовк, IPA: [ɐnɡʲɪˈlʲinə mʲɪˈxajləvnə ˈvofk]; born September 16, 1942) is a former presenter for the Soviet Central Television active from 1980, best known for years on Good Night, Little Ones! and Pesnya goda. She was awarded People's Artist of the Russian Federation (2006).

Soviet Central Television
The Central Television of the USSR (Russian: Центральное телевидение СССР, romanized: Tsentral'noye televideniye SSSR; abbreviated CT USSR, SCTV [Russian: ЦТ СССР, romanized: TsT SSSR]) was the state television broadcaster of the Soviet Union.

Initially, the service was operated, together with the national radio service, by the Ministry of Culture. Later it was operated by the Gosteleradio committee, under the Communications Ministry and the Information and Press Ministry, and later a Council of Ministers-controlled network of television and radio broadcasting.
Todd O'Brien
Todd O'Brien (born March 3, 1989) is an American-born, naturalized Armenian professional basketball player who last played for Alexandria Sporting Club of the Egyptian National League. He played college basketball for Bucknell and Saint Joseph's before playing professionally in Latvia, France, Japan, Poland, Qatar, Lebanon, Armenia, Egypt and Israel.

Saint Joseph's Hawks men's basketball
The Saint Joseph's Hawks men's basketball team represents Saint Joseph's University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The program is classified in the NCAA's Division I, and the team competes in the Atlantic 10 Conference. Saint Joseph's competes as well as part of the Philadelphia Big 5. Their home court is the Hagan Arena. The team is led by head coach Steve Donahue.

Through the years they have produced a number of NBA players. Saint Joseph's primary rivalry is with the Villanova Wildcats. Other rivals include the Temple Owls, the La Salle Explorers, the Penn Quakers, who make up the rest of the Big 5. Saint Joseph's basketball program was ranked 43rd best of all time by Smith & Street's magazine in 2005.
Cryptomathic
Cryptomathic is a software company specializing in the area of cryptography for e-commerce security systems. The company develops secure software for the financial and governmental industries. It focuses especially on developing back-end solutions using hardware security modules.

Cryptomathic has its headquarters in Aarhus, Denmark. The company was founded in 1986, by three professors from University of Aarhus, among them Peter Landrock and Ivan Damgård.  It now operates world-wide with offices in London, UK; Munich, Germany and San Jose, California, US

Cryptomathic has collaborated in research projects with the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences to develop Cryptomathic's systems for securing messaging between hardware security modules (HSMs). With Bristol University, Cryptomathic conducted research on authenticated encryption between HSMs.

Authenticated encryption
Authenticated encryption (AE) is any encryption scheme which simultaneously assures the data confidentiality (also known as privacy: the encrypted message is impossible to understand without the knowledge of a secret key) and authenticity (in other words, it is unforgeable: the encrypted message includes an authentication tag that the sender can calculate only while possessing the secret key). Examples of encryption modes that provide AE are GCM, CCM.

Many (but not all) AE schemes allow the message to contain "associated data" (AD) which is not made confidential, but is integrity protected (i.e., readable, but tamperevident). A typical example is the header of a network packet that contains its destination address. To properly route the packet, all intermediate nodes in the message path need to know the destination, but for security reasons they cannot possess the secret key. Schemes that allow associated data provide authenticated encryption with associated data, or AEAD.
1991 British Formula Three Championship
The 1991 British Formula Three season was the 41st British Formula Three Championship, won by Brazilian Rubens Barrichello. The season started on 17 March at Silverstone and ended on 13 October at Thruxton following sixteen races. The 1991 season is often considered a 'vintage' year for the series, producing two future Formula One Grand Prix winners in the form of Barrichello and David Coulthard as well as a future champions in CART (de Ferran), BTCC (Rydell) and WEC (Kristensen). It was also the last title win for Ralt chassis and the West Surrey Racing team. Class B was won by Finnish driver Pekka Herva.

The scoring system was 9-6-4-3-2-1 points awarded to the first six finishers, with 1 (one) extra point added to the driver who set the fastest lap of the race. The best 13 results counted for the driver's final tally.

West Surrey Racing
West Surrey Racing is a UK-based motorsport team run by New Zealander Dick Bennetts. He is responsible for masterminding the careers of such names as Ayrton Senna, Mika Häkkinen, Jonathan Palmer, Rubens Barrichello, Maurício Gugelmin and Eddie Irvine with his involvement in F3 and a racing academy in the 80s and 90s. Founded in 1981, WSR has won more than 70 races in Formula 3 and more than 100 class and outright wins in the BTCC.
Valmiera
Valmiera (pronunciationⓘ) is the second largest city of the historical Vidzeme region, Latvia, with a total area of 19.35 square kilometres (7 square miles). As of 2002, Valmiera had a population of 27,323, and in 2020, it was at 24,879. It is a state city (although without a separate municipal government), and is the seat of the Valmiera Municipality. Valmiera is one of the oldest cities in Latvia; it was a member of the Hanseatic League. According to the ethnic composition, Valmiera has the largest proportion of ethnic Latvians among the state cities.

Valmiera lies at the crossroads of several important roads, 107 kilometres (66 miles) to the north-east from Riga, the capital of Latvia, and 50 km (31 mi) south of the border with Estonia. Valmiera lies on both banks of the Gauja River.

Arnis Rumbenieks
Arnis Rumbenieks (born 4 April 1988) is a Latvian track and field athlete competing in road walking. Rumbenieks has competed at 2010 European Championships. At the 2012 International Road Walking Festival in Alytus, Lithuania he finished second behind Marius Žiūkas at the 20 km walk.  He has competed in the 20 km men's walk at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.  He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics, in the 50 km walk. In 2018, he competed in the men's 50 kilometres walk at the 2018 European Athletics Championships held in Berlin, Germany. He did not finish his race.
Småvatna Hydroelectric Power Station
The Småvatna Hydroelectric Power Station (Norwegian: Småvatna kraftverk) is a hydroelectric power station in Kvænangen Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The plant utilizes a 283-meter (928 ft) drop between Lake Lassa (Kven: Lassojärvi, Northern Sami: Lássájávri) and Little Lakes (Norwegian: Småvatnan, Kven: Pikkujärvet, Northern Sami: Čorrojávrrit). Lake Lassa is regulated at a level between 543 m (1,781 ft) and 519 m (1,703 ft), and Little Lakes serves as the reservoir for the Kvænangsbotn Hydroelectric Power Station. The Småvatna plant also utilizes water from Abo River (Norwegian: Aboelva, Kven: Aapujoki, Northern Sami: Ábojohka) and the Lassajavre Hydroelectric Power Station. The plant came into operation in 1969. It has a Francis turbine and operates at an installed capacity of 18.8 MW, with an average annual production of about 61 GWh. The plant is controlled by Kvænangen Kraftverk AS, with a 48.2% share owned by Troms Kraft.

Kvænangen Municipality
Kvænangen (Northern Sami: Návuotna; Kven: Naavuono) is a municipality in Troms county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Burfjord. Other notable villages in the municipality include Alteidet, Badderen, Kjækan, and Sekkemo. The European route E6 highway goes through the municipality and over the Sørstraumen Bridge, and many people stop at the Kvænangsfjellet pass to view the scenery of the Kvænangen fjord.

The 2,109-square-kilometre (814 sq mi) municipality is the 32nd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Kvænangen is the 324th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,157. The municipality's population density is 0.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.2% over the previous 10-year period.
Jeff Burton
Jeffrey Tyler Burton (born June 29, 1967), nicknamed "the Mayor", is an American former professional stock car racing driver and current racing commentator. He is a member of the Burton racing family. He scored 21 career victories in the NASCAR Cup Series, including two Coca-Cola 600s in 1999 and 2001 and the 1999 Southern 500. He currently serves as a color commentator for NBC Sports, having joined them upon their return to their coverage of NASCAR. His son and nephew, Harrison and Jeb, respectively, both currently compete in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, while his brother Ward Burton has also raced in the Cup Series.

Bass Pro Shops Night Race
The Bass Pro Shops Night Race is a NASCAR Cup Series stock car race held at Bristol Motor Speedway in Bristol, Tennessee. It is one of two NASCAR Cup Series races held at Bristol, the other being the Food City 500. From 1978 to 2019, the race has been held in late August, typically on the last weekend of the month, on a Saturday night.

The race is currently the third race in the NASCAR Chase. Christopher Bell is the defending race winner.
Villa Nova, Mauritania
The Diocese of Villanova (Latin: Dioecesis Villanovensis) is a suppressed  and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.

In antiquity the seat of the bishopric was in a Roman town of the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis. That civitas has now been lost to history though it was undoubtedly in modern Algeria.

Christianity came late to the province of Mauritania Cesariense, and like most bishoprics from there, Villa Nova only comes into the historic records after the Council of Nicaea. The only known bishop of this diocese is Balente, who took part in the synod assembled in Carthage in 484 by the Arian King Huneric of the Vandal Kingdom, after which Balente was exiled, possibly to Sicily.

The diocese seems to have effectively continued till some time after the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb and today Villanova survives as a titular bishopric and the current bishop-owner is Mirosław Milewski, auxiliary bishop of Płock, who replaced Matteo Zuppi of Bologna in 2015.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Płock
The Diocese of Płock (Latin: Dioecesis Plocensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Płock in the ecclesiastical province of Warszawa in Poland.

Sunday mass attendance in 2013 was 30.7% of the population (39.1% Polish average) placing it to the group of less religious dioceses in the country.
Nagendra Prasad Sinha
Nagendra Prasad Sinha (Nepali: नागेन्द्र प्रसाद सिन्हा) is a Nepalese politician who is an elected member of the Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province from Nepali Congress. Sinha, a resident of Ishanath, Rautahat was elected to the 2017 provincial assembly election from Rautahat 2(A).

Ishanath, Rautahat
Ishnath (Nepali: ईशनाथ) is a municipality in Rautahat District, a part of Madhesh Province in Nepal. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 9 sections (wards) from previous 9 former VDCs. It occupies an area of 35.17 km2 with a total population of 41,435.
Baron Grantley
Baron Grantley, of Markenfield, in the County of York is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created on 9 April 1782 for Sir Fletcher Norton, Attorney General from 1763 to 1765 and Speaker of the House of Commons from 1770 to 1780. His son, the second Baron, was also a politician and represented Richmond, Wigtown Burghs, Guildford and Surrey in Parliament. He was succeeded by his nephew, Fletcher Norton, the third Baron. He was childless and on his death the title passed to his nephew, the fourth Baron. As of 2017 the title is held by the latter's great-great-grandson, the eighth Baron, who succeeded his father in 1995.

Peerage of Great Britain
The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain between the Acts of Union 1707 and the Acts of Union 1800. It replaced the Peerage of England and the Peerage of Scotland, but was itself replaced by the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1801.

The ranks of the Peerage of Great Britain are Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount and Baron. Until the passage of the House of Lords Act 1999, all peers of Great Britain could sit in the House of Lords.

Some peerages of Great Britain were created for peers in the Peerage of Scotland and Peerage of Ireland as they did not have an automatic seat in the House of Lords until the Peerage Act 1963 which gave Scottish Peers an automatic right to sit in the Lords.

In the following table of peers of Great Britain, holders of higher or equal titles in the other peerages are listed. Those peers who are known by a higher title in one of the other peerages are listed in italics.
Opinion polling for the 2022 French presidential election
This page lists public opinion polls conducted for the 2022 French presidential election the first round of which was held on 10 April 2022. Since no candidate won a majority of the vote in the first round, the second round election was held between the top two candidates on 24 April 2022.

Miscellaneous left
Miscellaneous left (French: Divers gauche, DVG) in France refers to left-wing candidates who are not members of any party or a member of party that has no elected seats. They include either small left-wing parties or dissidents expelled from their parties for running against their party's candidate. Numerous divers gauche candidates are elected at a local level, and a smaller number at the national level.
Time Served (album)
Time Served is the third studio album by American rapper Moneybagg Yo. It was released on January 10, 2020, through Roc Nation, Collective Music Group, Bread Gang Entertainment, N-Less Entertainment, and Interscope Records. The album features collaborations with Lil Baby, Blac Youngsta, Future, DaBaby, Summer Walker, Fredo Bang, and Megan Thee Stallion. The production on the album was handled by Tay Keith, 30 Roc, and DMacTooBangin, among others. The deluxe edition was released on May 15, 2020, featuring some additional guest appearances from Big Homiie G, Big30, and Rylo Rodriguez.

Roc Nation
Roc Nation is an American entertainment company founded by Jay-Z in 2008. Headquartered in New York City, the company is a successor to his previous Roc-A-Fella Records label, with additional offices in Los Angeles and London. It serves as a record label, talent agency, media production firm and clothing line along with educational and philanthropic programs.

It is co-owned by Jay-Z & Live Nation Entertainment.
Elvetham Heath LNR
Elvetham Heath LNR is a  20-hectare (49-acre) local nature reserve in Elvetham Heath in Hampshire. It is owned by Elvetham Heath Developments (on a 999-year lease to Hart District Council) and managed by Hart Countryside Service. The nature reserve and adjoining open spaces have been given a Green Flag Award.

Typical heathland plants such as heather and gorse are regenerating naturally on the heath, and there are other habitats such as reedbeds and wet woodland, which has the rare plant bog myrtle.

Calluna
Calluna vulgaris, common heather, ling, or simply heather, is the sole species in the genus Calluna in the flowering plant family Ericaceae. It is a low-growing evergreen shrub growing to 20 to 50 centimetres (8 to 20 in) tall, or rarely to 1 metre (40 in) and taller, and is found widely in Europe and Asia Minor on acidic soils in open sunny situations and in moderate shade.

It is the dominant plant in most heathland and moorland in Europe, and in some bog vegetation and acidic pine and oak woodland.  It is tolerant of grazing and regenerates following occasional burning, and is often managed in nature reserves and grouse moors by sheep or cattle grazing, and also by light burning.
Podmežakla Hall
Podmežakla Hall (Dvorana Podmežakla) is an indoor sporting arena located in Jesenice, Slovenia. It is the home of the HDD Jesenice ice hockey team. It is also the site of the Triglav Trophy, an annual international figure skating competition held each spring. The name Podmežakla (literally 'below Mežakla') is derived from its location on the southwest bank of the Sava Dolinka, directly below the Mežakla Plateau.

Sava Dolinka
The Sava Dolinka is a headwater of the Sava River in northwestern Slovenia. The 45 kilometres (28 mi) long Sava Dolinka starts as Nadiža Creek in the Planica Valley under Mount Zadnja Ponca in the Julian Alps, at an elevation of 1222 m, close to the Italian border. The stream goes underground soon after its source and breaks out again after 5 km at an elevation of 842 m in Zelenci, near Kranjska Gora. The Sava Dolinka flows through Kranjska Gora, Gozd Martuljek, Jesenice, between Bled and Breg, and past the town of Lesce. The first in a series of hydroelectric power plants on the river, the Moste Hydro Power Plant (22.5 MW), is located near Žirovnica. It merges with the second major headwater of the Sava, the Sava Bohinjka, at Radovljica. Tributaries of the Sava Dolinka include the Triglav Bistrica at Mojstrana and the Radovna, which flows through the Vintgar Gorge near Bled.
Officer Cadet School, Portsea
The Officer Cadet School, Portsea (sometimes referred to as OCS Portsea) was an officer training establishment of the Australian Army. Established at Portsea in Victoria, Australia, in 1951 to provide training to officer cadets prior to commissioning, the OCS provided the Australian Regular Army with the bulk of its junior officers for many years. However, following a review of military training establishments in Australia in the mid-1980s, the school was eventually closed in 1985, as the Royal Military College, Duntroon, assumed sole responsibility for training Army officers.

The motto of OCS Portsea was Loyalty and Service, which was chosen by Colonel (later Major General Sir) James Harrison during his time serving as OCS's first Commandant (1952–1954).

Sir
Sir is a formal honourific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "Sieur" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exists in French only as part of "Monsieur" lit. 'my lord'.

Traditionally, as governed by law and custom, Sir is used for men who are knights and belong to certain orders of chivalry, as well as later applied to baronets and other offices.

As the female equivalent for knighthood is damehood, the suo jure female equivalent term is typically Dame. The wife of a knight or baronet tends to be addressed as Lady, although a few exceptions and interchanges of these uses exist.

Additionally, since the late modern period, Sir has been used as a respectful way to address a man of superior social status or military rank. Equivalent terms of address for women are Madam (shortened to Ma'am), in addition to social honourifics such as Mrs, Ms, or Miss.
Portuguese conquest of Goa
The Portuguese conquest of  Goa occurred when the governor Afonso de Albuquerque captured the city in 1510 from the Sultanate of Bijapur. Old Goa became the capital of Portuguese India, which included territories such as Fort Manuel of Cochin, Bom Bahia, Damaon, and Chaul. It was not among the places Albuquerque was supposed to conquer. He did so after he was offered the support and guidance of Timoji and his troops.

Albuquerque had been given orders by Manuel I of Portugal to capture Ormus, Aden, and Malacca only. Goa would remain under Portuguese control until 1961.

Décadas da Ásia
Décadas da Ásia (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈdɛkɐðɐʒ ðɐ ˈazjɐ]; Decades of Asia) is a history of the Portuguese in Asia (particularly India) and southeast Africa collected and published by João de Barros between 1552 and 1563, while living abroad. His work was continued by Diogo do Couto and João Baptista Lavanha.
Formosa, Ontario
Formosa is a community located in the municipality of South Bruce, in Bruce County, Ontario, Canada.

Prominent features of Formosa include:

a hilltop church (named the Church of the Immaculate conception) built from 1875-1883

Lion and Lioness Park – a picnic stop

Waterloo Brewing Company

site of the Saugeen Conservation's main administrative office

Formosa Inn and TNT General Store (1886)

Neighbouring towns include Mildmay and Walkerton.

The postal code for the hamlet is N0G 1W0.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
Dennis Hird
James Dennis Hird (28 January 1850 - 13 July 1920) was a British clergyman, educator and author.

Hird was born in Ashby, Lincolnshire (now part of Scunthorpe) to Robert and Fanny Dennis Hird née Kendall. He was the second of five sons, though only three survived to adulthood. In later life he became known by his middle name, Dennis, this being the maiden name of his maternal grandmother, Fanny Kendall. The Kendall family, who was well known in Ashby, was credited as the main instigators in bringing Primitive Methodism to the hamlet. Six of Dennis's maternal uncles were ordained ministers in this faith, along with a cousin, Holliday Bickerstaffe Kendall. The Hird family were also Methodists and well known in the hamlet. Robert Hird was a grocer and Hird Terrace (no longer standing) was once named after the family. Primitive Methodism was a big influence in Dennis's early life and may be the spark for his socialist tendencies, as it was more favoured by the working classes of the time.

Scunthorpe
Scunthorpe (/ˈskʌnθɔːrp/) is an industrial town in Lincolnshire, England, and the county's third most populous settlement after Lincoln and Grimsby, with a population of 81,286 in 2021. It is the administrative centre and largest settlement of the North Lincolnshire district. Scunthorpe lies north of Lincoln and is between Grimsby to the east and Doncaster to the west, while Hull is to the north-east via the Humber Bridge.