hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Credit Corporation
The National Credit Corporation was an independent agency of the United States federal government established in 1931 to stem the tide of bank failures across the US. The corporation served as an intermediary in the interbank lending market, loaning funds from its $500,000,000 banker's pool to banks on the verge of failure. While the corporation was successful in restoring the liquidity of banks on the verge of failure, factors such as the high rates of deflation and unemployment meant that the solvency of banks alone would be insufficient to restore public confidence in the economy.

In 1932 the corporation was replaced with the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, a federal lender of last resort with the broader scope of supporting state and local governments and making loans to banks, railroads, mortgage associations, and other businesses.

Independent agencies of the United States federal government
In the United States federal government, independent agencies are agencies that exist outside the federal executive departments (those headed by a Cabinet secretary) and the Executive Office of the President.: 6  In a narrower sense, the term refers only to those independent agencies that, while considered part of the executive branch, have regulatory or rulemaking authority and are insulated from presidential control, usually because the president's power to dismiss the agency head or a member is limited.

Established through separate statutes passed by Congress, each respective statutory grant of authority defines the goals the agency must work towards, as well as what substantive areas, if any, over which it may have the power of rulemaking. These agency rules (or regulations), when in force, have the power of federal law.
Axiom A
In mathematics, Smale's axiom A defines a class of dynamical systems which have been extensively studied and whose dynamics is relatively well understood. A prominent example is the Smale horseshoe map. The term "axiom A" originates with Stephen Smale.  The importance of such systems is demonstrated by the chaotic hypothesis, which states that, 'for all practical purposes', a many-body thermostatted system is approximated by an Anosov system.

David Ruelle
David Pierre Ruelle (French: [david pjɛʁ ʁɥɛl]; born 20 August 1935) is a Belgian and naturalized French mathematical physicist. He has worked on statistical physics and dynamical systems. With Floris Takens, Ruelle coined the term strange attractor, and developed a new theory of turbulence.
Joe Joiner
Joseph William Joiner (August 1, 1888 – June 2, 1932) was an American politician. He was a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives, serving from 1919 to 1925. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.
Electoral system of Australia
The electoral system used for the election of members of the Australian Parliament is governed primarily by the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918. The system presently has a number of distinctive features including compulsory enrolment; compulsory voting; majority-preferential instant-runoff voting in single-member seats to elect the lower house, the House of Representatives; and the use of the single transferable vote proportional representation system to elect the upper house, the Senate.

The timing of elections is governed by the Constitution and political conventions. Generally, elections are held approximately every three years and are conducted by the independent Australian Electoral Commission (AEC).

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.
Selty
Selty (Russian: Селты, Udmurt: Сьӧлта, Śölta) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Seltinsky District, Udmurtia, Russia. Population:  5,276 (2010 Census); 5,585 (2002 Census); 5,846 (1989 Soviet census).

Udmurtia
Udmurtia, officially the Udmurt Republic, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is administratively part of the Volga Federal District. Its capital is the city of Izhevsk.

It was established as the Udmurt (until 1931 — Votskaya) an autonomous region of the Udmurts, Udmurtia, within Russia on November 4, 1920.
Maromitety
Maromitety is a municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Vavatenina, which is a part of Analanjirofo Region. The population of the municipality was 20896.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 96% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crop is rice, while other important products are bananas, coffee and cloves.  Services provide employment for 4% of the population.

Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum (/sɪˈzɪdʒiːəm ˌærəˈmætɪkəm/). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics. Cloves are available throughout the year owing to different harvest seasons across various countries.
Jim McGuire (American football)
James McGuire (born c. 1962) is an American college football coach. He was most recently the running backs coach for the Nichols College in 2022. He previously was a coach for Dean, Fitchburg State, Assumption, and WPI. He was the head coach for the Fitchburg State Falcons football team from 2018 to 2019.

Assumption Greyhounds
The Assumption Greyhounds are the athletic sports teams for Assumption University. They are a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, Division II. The Greyhounds are a member of the Northeast-10 Conference (NE-10) and the New England Women's Hockey Alliance (NEWHA), one of the five conferences that compete at the NCAA's National Collegiate level (the effective equivalent of Division I) in women's ice hockey. Assumption joined the NEWHA for administrative purposes in 2022 in advance of its first season of varsity women's hockey in 2023–24.
Sea of Poppies
Sea of Poppies (2008) is a novel by Indian novelist Amitav Ghosh which was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize in 2008. It is the first volume of the Ibis trilogy. In the words of Rajnish Mishra, "the Ibis trilogy is Ghosh's most vehement indictment of the source of imperialism and colonialism." The second volume is River of Smoke.

The main characters include Deeti, an ordinary village woman, an "octoroon" American sailor named Zachary Reid, an Indian rajah / zamindar called Neel Rattan Halder, and Benjamin Burnham, an evangelist opium trader.

The story is set prior to the First Opium War, on the banks of the holy river Ganges and in Calcutta. The author compares the Ganges to the Nile, the lifeline of the Egyptian civilization, attributing the provenance and growth of these civilizations to these selfless, ever-flowing bodies. He portrays the characters as poppy seeds emanating in large numbers from the field to form a sea, where every single seed is uncertain about its future.

Short list
A short list or shortlist is a list of candidates for a job, prize, award, political position, etc., that has been reduced from a longer list of candidates (sometimes via intermediate lists known as "long lists"). The length of short lists varies according to the context. A candidate on a short list may or may not receive the award or position.
Ontario Highway 51
King's Highway 51, commonly referred to as Highway 51, was a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario that connected Highway 3 in Eatonville with Rondeau Provincial Park. An earlier designation existed south of Orangeville, connecting Highway 24 with Highway 10 in Caledon Village. This iteration was assumed in 1938, but later renumbered as Highway 24 In 1961. The more recent incarnation of the route number was assumed in 1970, but then decommissioned in 1997 and transferred to what is now the city of Chatham-Kent.

Rondeau Provincial Park
Rondeau Provincial Park is the second oldest provincial park in Ontario, Canada, having been established with an order in council on 8 September 1894.  The park is located in Southwestern Ontario,   on an 8 km long crescentic sand spit extending into Lake Erie.  Rondeau is home to the largest area of Carolinian forest in Canada, a long sand beach, a large marsh, approximately half of Rondeau Bay, campgrounds and a cottage community. The name of the park comes from the French words "ronde eau" or "round water" which describes the shape of the harbour sheltered by the peninsula.

The park is an important stopover for birds during migration and has been identified as a Canadian Important Bird Area. Its Carolinian woods also provide nesting habitat for the prothonotary warbler and many other rare or endangered species. The park is a popular recreation area. The presence of private cottages in the park has been controversial, as have been efforts to control white-tailed deer populations.
Ruen Icefall
The Ruen Icefall (Bulgarian: ледопад Руен, romanized: ledopad Ruen, IPA: [lɛdoˈpat ˈruɛn]) on Rozhen Peninsula in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands in Antarctica is situated south of Huntress Glacier, northwest of Prespa Glacier and northeast of Peshtera and Charity Glaciers.  It descends towards False Bay from the circus overlooked by Simeon Peak, St. Cyril Peak and St. Methodius Peak in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains.

Ruen is the summit of Osogovo Mountain in south-western Bulgaria.

Rozhen Peninsula
Rozhen Peninsula (Bulgarian: полуостров Рожен, romanized: poluostrov Rozhen, IPA: [poɫuˈɔstrof ˈrɔʒɛn]) extends 9 km in the southwest direction towards Barnard Point, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, and 8.8 km wide. It is bounded by False Bay and its segment Inept Cove to the west, Bransfield Strait to the southeast and Brunow Bay to the east.  Its interior is occupied by the Friesland Ridge of Tangra Mountains.

The peninsula is named after Rozhen site in Pirin Mountain, Bulgaria.
Fadenia
Fadenia is an extinct genus of eugeneodontid holocephalian chondrichthyan from the Carboniferous Period of Missouri (United States), the Permian period of Greenland, and the Early Triassic epoch of British Columbia, Canada (Sulphur Mountain Formation).

Sulphur Mountain Formation
The Sulphur Mountain Formation is a geologic formation of Early to Middle Triassic age. It is present on the western edge of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin in the foothills and Rocky Mountains of western Alberta and northeastern British Columbia. It includes marine fossils from the time shortly after the Permian-Triassic extinction event.

The Sulphur Mountain Formation was first described as a member of the Spray River Formation by P.S. Warren in 1945, who named it for Sulphur Mountain in Banff National Park. It was later raised to formation status. Its type section is located in the Spray River gorge at the southern end of Sulphur Mountain.
Igor Skuz
Igor Vasyliovych Skuz (Ukrainian: Ігор Васильович Скуз, born 30 May 1976) is a Ukrainian professional racing driver currently competing in the Ukrainian Touring Championship since 2007 for a family-owned MasterKart Racing Team, that also has a role of main promoter of the series since 2018. Outside Ukraine he competed in Russian Touring Car Championship, European Touring Car Cup and TCR International Series.

Campos Racing
Campos Racing (formerly Adrián Campos Motorsport and Campos Grand Prix) is a Spanish motor racing team based in Alzira, Valencia, founded by former Formula One driver Adrián Campos in 1997. The team has been successful in Formula Three, GP2 Series and F4 Spanish Championship.

Previous drivers include Fernando Alonso, Marc Gené, Antonio García, Roldán Rodríguez, Vitaly Petrov, Lucas Di Grassi, Sergio Pérez, Alexander Rossi, Álex Palou, Rio Haryanto, Mitch Evans, Roberto Merhi, Lando Norris, Luca Ghiotto, Roy Nissany, Jack Aitken, Linus Lundqvist and Isack Hadjar.
Katie Boyle
Caterina Irene Elena Maria Boyle, Lady Saunders (née Imperiali dei Principi di Francavilla; 29 May 1926 – 20 March 2018), usually known as Katie Boyle, was an Italian-born British actress, writer, radio announcer and television personality. She became best known for presenting the Eurovision Song Contest on a record four occasions: in 1960, 1963, 1968 and 1974; the first three in London and the last in Brighton, England. She was also an agony aunt (an advice columnist), answering problems that had been posted by readers of the TVTimes.

Battersea Dogs & Cats Home
Battersea Dogs & Cats Home (now known as Battersea) is an animal rescue centre for dogs and cats. Battersea rescues dogs and cats until their owner or a new one can be found. It is one of the UK's oldest and best known animal rescue centres. It was established in Holloway, London, in 1860 and moved to Battersea in 1871.

The non-government funded organisation cares for an average of 240 dogs and 145 cats across all three centres at any one time. The charity has cared for more than 3.1 million dogs and cats over its history.
Goa Forward Party
Goa Forward Party (abbr. GFP) is a regional political party in the western coastal Indian state of Goa, led by Vijai Sardesai. The GFP fielded four candidates in the 2017 Goa Assembly election and won three seats. It played a crucial, if controversial, role in the return of the Bharatiya Janata Party to power in the March 2017 election results in Goa. The party's motto is "Goem, Goemkar, Goemkarponn" (Goa, Goans and Goan ethos). The party was launched on 25 January 2016 and its symbol is the coconut.

Rohan Khaunte
Rohan Ashok Khaunte (born 25 February 1974) is an Indian politician who serves as the Minister for Tourism, IT, E&C and Printing and Stationery in the Government of Goa. He also serves as a member of the Goa Legislative Assembly, representing the Porvorim constituency since 2012. Khaunte has previously served as Minister of IT, Revenue, Labour and Employment and Planning and Statistics and Evaluation in the Cabinet of Manohar Parrikar.

Khaunte first contested the Goa Legislative Assembly Elections in 2012 as an independent candidate from the newly formed Porvorim constituency. During his political career, Khaunte has initiated several social initiatives for public welfare under Porvorim Youth Welfare Trust and Chairman of Sporting Clube de Porvorim. In 2017, he became the first Independent MLA to be re-elected in Goa.
Conostylis albescens
Conostylis albescens is a rhizomatous, tufted perennial, grass-like plant or herb in the family Haemodoraceae and is endemic to inland areas of Western Australia. It is similar to Conostylis bealiana has hairy leaves and yellowish-cream to white tubular flowers.

Haemodoraceae
Haemodoraceae is a family of perennial herbaceous angiosperms (flowering plants) containing 15 genera and 102 known species, sometimes known as the "bloodroots", found throughout the Southern Hemisphere, from Australia and New Guinea to South Africa, as well as the Americas (from extreme southeastern USA through tropical South America).

Perhaps the best-known (and most popular in cultivation) genera from the family are the unusual Anigozanthos and Macropidia, both commonly called "kangaroo-paw" or "kangaroo's paw" due to their fuzzy flowers. These genera are hugely popular in both private gardens and public landscaping projects in Mediterranean climate regions, such as in Chile, northwestern Mexico (Baja California), Southern California (and the Bay Area) and Western Australia, among other locations; the kangaroo-paws are valued for their hardiness, adaptability and low irrigation requirements, once established.
Rare, Rarer & Rarest
Rare, Rarer & Rarest is a compilation album by the band Blood, Sweat & Tears released by Wounded Bird Records/Sony Music on July 2, 2013. The songs here were recorded over an eight-year period and include mono single mixes, previously unreleased songs, and the music the band recorded for a film soundtrack from 1970.

The last half of this compilation includes the music from the movie soundtrack The Owl and the Pussy Cat. These songs were written and arranged by Dick Halligan and do not contain the dialog from the movie that was included on the original vinyl release. There are four outtakes from the soundtrack sessions included at the end of this collection.

David Clayton-Thomas
David Clayton-Thomas (born David Henry Thomsett, 13 September 1941) is a Canadian musician, singer, and songwriter, best known as the lead vocalist of the American band Blood, Sweat & Tears.

Clayton-Thomas began his music career in the early 1960s, working the clubs on Toronto's Yonge Street, where he discovered his love of singing and playing the blues. Before moving to New York City in 1967, Clayton-Thomas fronted a couple of local bands, first The Shays and then The Bossmen, one of the earliest rock bands with significant jazz influences. His main success came only a few difficult years later when he joined Blood, Sweat & Tears, with whom he won a Grammy award.

Clayton-Thomas has been inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame and in 2007 his jazz/rock composition "Spinning Wheel" was enshrined in the Canadian Songwriter's Hall of Fame. In 2010, Clayton-Thomas received his star on Canada's Walk of Fame.
Kala Krishna
Kala Krishna (born November 26, 1956 New Delhi, India) is an Indian-American economist, Professor of Economics at Pennsylvania State University, a NBER Research Associate and a CESifo Research Network Fellow. Her research is in the areas  of international trade, economics of education, development economics and industrial organization.

CESifo Economic Studies
CESifo Economic Studies is a journal on economics published by the CESifo Group. It was established as IFO Studien in 1955 and obtained its current title in 2002.

The journal is abstracted and indexed by the Social Sciences Citation Index, Current Contents/Social and Behavioral Sciences, EconLit, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Journal Citation Reports/Social Sciences Edition, ProQuest, RePEc, Scopus, Social Science Research Network, and Social SciSearch.
Stilaro
The Stilaro (in antiquity the Elleporus or possibly Elleporos; in Calabrian dialect Stilaru) is an Italian river, which runs through Bivongi, Pazzano and Stilo in the Province of Reggio Calabria, Calabria and, along with the river, gives its name to the Vallata dello Stilaro Allaro, the valley through which it flows. It is 59.17 km long.

Along the river there are remains of iron works, which arose with the industrialization of the area, mills and two hydroelectric plants.

In 389 BC, the Battle of the Elleporus was alongside the river.

Province of Reggio Calabria
The province of Reggio Calabria (Italian: provincia di Reggio Calabria) was a province in the Calabria region of Italy. It was the southernmost province in mainland Italy and is separated from the island of Sicily by the Strait of Messina. The capital was the city of Reggio.

It was effectively replaced by the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria in 2017.
Marcel Scharrelmann
Marcel Scharrelmann (born 21 November 1982 in Vechta) is a German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of Lower Saxony since 2017. He has served as chairman of the Christian Democratic Union in Diepholz since 2025.

Diepholz (district)
Diepholz (German pronunciation: [ˈdiːphɔlts]) is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the northeast and clockwise) the districts of Verden, Nienburg, Minden-Lübbecke (in North Rhine-Westphalia), Osnabrück, Vechta and Oldenburg, and by the cities of Delmenhorst and Bremen. The most populous municipality is Stuhr at the border to Bremen.
Acacia adenogonia
Acacia adenogonia is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to northern Western Australia. It is a prickly, erect to sprawling shrub with cylindrical branchlets, egg-shaped to lance-shaped phyllodes, flowers arranged in spherical heads of golden yellow flowers, and thin leathery pods that are constricted between the seeds.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Privateer Holdings
Privateer Holdings is an American private equity company that invests in the legal cannabis industry. It is headquartered in Seattle, Washington and employs more than 350 people in seven countries.

Privateer Holdings secured the first institutional investor to enter the cannabis industry, Founders Fund.
In 2019, Privateer Holdings was merged with Tilray.

Founders Fund
Founders Fund is an American venture capital fund formed in 2005 and based in San Francisco. The fund has roughly $17 billion in total assets under management as of 2025. Founders Fund was the first institutional investor in Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX) and Palantir Technologies, and an early investor in Facebook. The firm's partners have been founders, early employees and investors at companies including PayPal, Palantir Technologies, Anduril Industries and SpaceX.

The firm's investments include Airbnb, Anduril, DeepMind, Rippling, Facebook, Ramp, Palantir Technologies, Pudgy Penguins, SpaceX, Spotify, Stripe, Neuralink, and Nubank.

Notable partners include Peter Thiel, Trae Stephens, and Mike Solana. Former partners include Brian Singerman, Keith Rabois, Cyan Banister, Ken Howery, Kevin Hartz, Sean Parker, and Bruce Gibney.