hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Toronto school of communication theory
The Toronto School is a school of thought in communication theory and literary criticism, the principles of which were developed chiefly by scholars at the University of Toronto. It is characterized by exploration of Ancient Greek literature and the theoretical view that communication systems create psychological and social states. The school originated from the works of Eric A. Havelock and Harold Innis in the 1930s, and grew to prominence with the contributions of Edmund Snow Carpenter, Northrop Frye, Ursula Franklin, and Marshall McLuhan.

Since 1963, the McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology at the University of Toronto Faculty of Information has carried the mandate for teaching and advancing the school. Notable contemporary scholars associated with the Toronto School include Derrick de Kerckhove, Robert K. Logan and Barry Wellman.

Northrop Frye
Herman Northrop Frye CC FRSC (July 14, 1912 – January 23, 1991) was a Canadian literary critic and literary theorist, considered one of the most influential of the 20th century.

Frye gained international fame with his first book, Fearful Symmetry (1947), which led to the reinterpretation of the poetry of William Blake. His lasting reputation rests principally on the theory of literary criticism that he developed in Anatomy of Criticism (1957), one of the most important works of literary theory published in the twentieth century. The American critic Harold Bloom commented at the time of its publication that Anatomy established Frye as "the foremost living student of Western literature." Frye's contributions to cultural and social criticism spanned a long career during which he earned widespread recognition and received many honours.
Litvak (surname)
Litvak is a surname literally meaning Litvak, Lithuanian Jew. Notable people with the surnamre include:

A. Litvak or Litwak, nom de plume of Khayim (Chaim) Yankl Helfand (1874–1932), social-democratic Bundist ideologue and Yiddishist

Anatole Litvak (1902–1974), Lithuanian-American filmmaker

Jesse Litvak, financier

Lena Litvak (born 1988), American tennis player

Meir Litvak, Israeli historian

Michel Litvak (born 1951), Belgian businessman

Moshe Litvak (1926–2012), Israeli footballer

Nelly Litvak (born 1972), Russian and Dutch mathematician

Salvador Litvak (born 1965), American screenwriter, film director and producer

Sergio Litvak, retired Chilean football goalkeeper

Moshe Litvak
Moshe Litvak (Hebrew: משה ליטבק) was an Israeli footballer and manager. He is best known for his years at Maccabi Rehovot where he started his managerial career. He also played 6 official matches for the national team between 1949 and 1954.
The Voice of Ireland series 5
The Voice of Ireland was an Irish reality talent show which is broadcast by RTÉ. In June 2015, it was confirmed by the programme's broadcaster RTÉ that the show would be recommissioned for a fifth series, despite speculation of its axing for Syco Productions' Ireland's Got Talent. The Voice of Ireland continued to be produced by Screentime ShinAwiL Productions, and filmed in The Helix.

It was confirmed that Una Healy of The Saturdays would return, alongside former S Club 7 member Rachel Stevens, Kian Egan and Bressie.

Michael Lawson won the title, marking Bressie's third and final win as a coach. Kelesa Mulcahy from Team Kian as runner-up and Nigel Connell from Team Una third.

Talent show
A talent show or talent contest is an event in which participants perform the arts of singing, dancing, lip-syncing, acting, martial arts, playing an instrument, poetry, comedy or other activities to showcase skills. Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests. In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind. For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.
Old Georgian Club
Old Georgian Club is an Argentine sports club. Although headquartered in Buenos Aires, most of Old Georgian's facilities and venue are located on Quilmes. Founded in 1908 by alumni of St. George's College of Quilmes, the club sees itself as a pillar of Buenos Aires' British community.

The rugby union team currently competes in Primera C, the fourth division of the URBA league system, while its field hockey teams are affiliated to the Buenos Aires Hockey Association. Other sections of the club are basketball, and football.

In cricket, Old Georgian was member of the Argentine Cricket Association and played in the national league. Many old Georgians have played for the Argentina national team.

Argentine Cricket Association
The Argentine Cricket Association (Spanish: Asociación de Críquet Argentino; ACA), also known as Cricket Argentina, is the governing body for the sport of cricket in Argentina. The organization was established in 1913, it has been an associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1974. Its headquarters is located in Buenos Aires, where Argentina's oldest cricket club is located.
Togolese cuisine
Togolese cuisine is the cuisine of the Togolese Republic, a country in West Africa. Staple foods in Togolese cuisine include maize, rice, millet, cassava, yam, plantain and beans. Maize is the most commonly consumed food in the Togolese Republic. Fish is a significant source of protein. People in Togo tend to eat at home, but there are also restaurants and food stalls.

Cuisine
A cuisine  is a style of cooking characterized by distinctive ingredients, techniques, and dishes, and usually associated with a specific culture or geographic region. Regional food preparation techniques, customs and ingredients combine to enable dishes unique to a region.
Amos Adams House
The Amos Adams House is a historic house in the Newton Corner village of Newton, Massachusetts.  Built in 1888, it is a prominent local example of Queen Anne architecture.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 4, 1986.

Newton, Massachusetts
Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is located roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of Downtown Boston, and comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders Boston to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of Brighton and West Roxbury), Brookline to the east, Watertown and Waltham to the north, and Weston, Wellesley, and Needham to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923.

Newton is home to the Charles River, Crystal Lake, and Heartbreak Hill, among other landmarks. It is served by several streets and highways (including Route 9, Hammond Pond Parkway, and the Mass Pike), as well as the Green Line D branch run by the MBTA.

Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of Cambridge (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became a city in 1874.
Krutoye
Krutoye (Russian: Крутое) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Krutovsky Selsoviet of Volodarsky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 754 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

Astrakhan Oblast
Astrakhan Oblast (Russian: Астраха́нская о́бласть, romanized: Astrakhanskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southern Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Astrakhan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,010,073.
Kavli Prize
The Kavli Prize was established in 2005 as a joint venture of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research, and the Kavli Foundation. It honors, supports, and recognizes scientists for outstanding work in the fields of astrophysics, nanoscience and neuroscience. Three prizes are awarded every second year. Each of the three Kavli Prizes consists of a gold medal, a scroll, and a cash award of US$1,000,000. The medal has a diameter of 70 millimetres (2.8 in), a thickness of 5 millimetres (0.20 in), and weighs 311 grams (11.0 oz).

The first Kavli Prizes were awarded on 9 September 2008 in Oslo, presented by Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway.

Diameter
In geometry, a diameter of a circle is any straight line segment that passes through the centre of the circle and whose endpoints lie on the circle. It can also be defined as the longest chord of the circle. Both definitions are also valid for the diameter of a sphere.

In more modern usage, the length  of a diameter is also called the diameter. In this sense one speaks of the diameter rather than a diameter (which refers to the line segment itself), because all diameters of a circle or sphere have the same length, this being twice the radius

The word "diameter" is derived from Ancient Greek: διάμετρος (diametros), "diameter of a circle", from διά (dia), "across, through" and μέτρον (metron), "measure". It is often abbreviated  or
Jim Keenan
James William Keenan (February 10, 1856 – September 21, 1926) was an American professional baseball catcher. He played most of his major league career with the Cincinnati Red Stockings of the American Association and later National League, after they became the Cincinnati Reds.

Keenan made his debut at age 17 with the New Haven Elm Citys of the National Association, but did not establish himself in the majors until 1884, when he became the regular catcher for the Indianapolis Hoosiers. He stayed in Indianapolis to start the 1885 season, with the city's entry in the Western League, but the league quickly folded, and he was acquired by the Detroit Wolverines.

Before he played a game for Detroit, however, Keenan jumped to the Red Stockings, where he split time at catcher with Pop Snyder. Over the next four seasons, he would split catching duties for the Red Stockings with Kid Baldwin. In 1890 and 1891, he backed up Jerry Harrington.

American Association (1882–1891)
The American Association of Base Ball Clubs (AA) was a professional baseball league that existed for 10 seasons from 1882 to 1891. Together with the National League (NL), founded in 1876, the AA participated in an early version of the World Series seven times versus the champion of the NL in an interleague championship playoff tournament. At the end of its run, several AA franchises joined the NL. After 1891, the NL existed alone, with each season's champions being awarded the Temple Cup (1894–1897).

During its existence, the AA was often simply referred to as "the Association" in the media, in contrast to the NL, which was sometimes called "the League". It was also sometimes called the "Beer and Whiskey League".
Balintore, Angus
Balintore (Scottish Gaelic: Baile an Todhair) is a village in Angus, Scotland. It lies in Glen Isla, four miles north of the Loch of Lintrathen and seven miles west of Kirriemuir. Approximately half a mile to the east is Knowehead of Auldallan farm, where there can be found a pair of uninscribed standing stones.

Kirriemuir
Kirriemuir (/ˌkɪriˈmjʊər/ KIRR-ee-MURE, Scots: [ˌkɪreˈmeːr, -møːr]; Scottish Gaelic: Ceathramh Mhoire [ˌkʲʰɛɾə ˈvɔɾʲə]), sometimes called Kirrie or the Wee Red Toon, is a burgh in Angus, Scotland, United Kingdom.

The playwright J. M. Barrie was born and buried here and a statue of Peter Pan is in the town square.
Gwendolen Bishop
Gwendolen Bishop (1874–1926) was best known as an actress in the avant-garde theatre in the early years of the 20th century. Later, in 1910, she married Clifford Bax, the playwright, and also used the name Daphne Bax in publications and correspondence. She was a restless woman and had an eclectic career, including as a theatre director, traveller, campaigner and poet. She had a wide circle of friends and associates, including CR Ashbee, WB Yeats, GB Shaw, Thomas Sturge Moore, Florence Farr, Havelock Ellis, Ezra Pound and HD (Hilda Doolittle).  Her principal importance lies in her promotion of avant-garde theatre.

Charles Robert Ashbee
Charles Robert Ashbee (17 May 1863 – 23 May 1942) was an English architect and designer who was a prime mover of the Arts and Crafts movement, which took its craft ethic from the works of John Ruskin and its co-operative structure from the socialism of William Morris.

Ashbee was defined by one source as "designer, architect, entrepreneur, and social reformer". His disciplines included metalwork, textile design, furniture, jewellery and other objects in the Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style) and Arts and Crafts genres. He became an elected member of the Art Workers' Guild in 1892, and was elected as its Master in 1929.
DiesOtto
The DiesOtto motor is an experimental automobile engine that "is said to incorporate the benefits of a diesel engine, but runs on gasoline instead."

Its name is a portmanteau of Diesel and Otto, referring to the Diesel engine, first introduced by German engineer Rudolf Diesel, and the Otto cycle, as a reference to Nicolaus Otto (even though the invention of the gasoline engine is variously attributed to both Nicolaus Otto and Alphonse Beau de Rochas).

As of 2017, the only company which announced to launch a car with a DiesOtto motor is Mazda, with SKYACTIV-X.

Mazda
Mazda Motor Corporation (マツダ株式会社, Matsuda Kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Fuchū, Hiroshima, Japan. The company was founded on January 30, 1920, as Toyo Cork Kogyo Co., Ltd., a cork-making factory, by Jujiro Matsuda. The company then acquired Abemaki Tree Cork Company. It changed its name to Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. in 1927 and started producing vehicles in 1931.

Mazda is known for its innovative technologies, such as the Wankel engine, the SkyActiv platform, and the Kodo Design language. It also has a long history of motorsport involvement, winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1991 with the rotary-powered Mazda 787B. In the past and present, Mazda has been engaged in alliances with other automakers. From 1974 until the late 2000s, Ford was a major shareholder of Mazda. Other partnerships include Toyota, Nissan, Isuzu, Suzuki and Kia. In 2023, it produced 1.1 million vehicles globally.
Paulo Obradović
Paulo Obradović (born 9 March 1986) is a Croatian water polo player. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed for the Croatia men's national water polo team in the men's event, where they won the gold medal. He is 6 ft 3 inches tall. At club level, he played for Greek powerhouse Olympiacos, with whom he won the 2017–18 LEN Champions League.

He went on loan for the summer 2018 with San Giljan A.S.C. He now plays for Jug AO.

Croatian First League of Water Polo
The Croatian First League of Water Polo (Croatian: Prva hrvatska vaterpolo liga) is the top water polo league in Croatia.

The league was formed in 1991 with the dissolution of the Yugoslav First League of Water Polo and its first season started in 1992. The league is operated by the Croatian Water Polo Federation.
Nick Green (writer)
Nick Green is a Canadian actor and playwright. He won the Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding New Play in 2017 for his play Body Politic, a dramatization of the history of the Canadian LGBTQ newsmagazine The Body Politic.

A graduate of the University of Alberta, his prior plays have included Gayface, On the Wire, Undercovered, Coffee Dad, Chicken Mom and the Fabulous Buddha Boy, Under the Big Top, and Bearded Lady.

In 2020, after a production of his newest play was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Green launched Social Distancing Festival, a website where arts professionals could share works online.

In 2023 his play Casey and Diana, a dramatization of the 1991 visit of Diana, Princess of Wales, to Casey House, Toronto's HIV/AIDS hospice, premiered at the Stratford Festival under the direction of Andrew Kushnir.

Dora Mavor Moore Award for Best Original Play (General Theatre)
The Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding New Play is an annual award celebrating achievements in Toronto theatre.

For most of the Dora Awards' history, separate awards have been presented for best play and Best Original Musical. For part of the 1990s, however, the two awards were merged with both musicals and dialogue-based plays competing in a single category. From 1980 to 1988, only a single award was presented each year; beginning in 1988, a separate award was introduced for Outstanding New Play, Small/Independent Theatre.
1973 Rainier International Tennis Classic – Singles
The 1973 Rainier International Tennis Classic – Singles was an event of the 1973 Rainier International Tennis Classic tennis tournament played at the Seattle Center Arena in Seattle, Washington, in the United States between September 10 and September 16, 1973. Ilie Năstase was the defending champion, but did not compete in this edition. Second-seeded Tom Okker won the singles title, defeating John Alexander 7–5, 6–4 in the final.

Mercer Arena
Mercer Arena, previously known as the Exposition Building, Civic Ice Arena, and Seattle Center Arena, was a performing arts venue situated in Seattle Center in Seattle, Washington. Constructed in 1927 next to the Seattle Civic Auditorium (now the site of the Seattle Opera House), it was built at a cost of $1 million. The arena was located at Mercer Street and 4th Avenue North and predated the Seattle Center Coliseum by about 35 years. Mercer Arena was demolished in 2017.
The Spirit of '17
The Spirit of '17 is a lost 1918 American silent drama film directed by William Desmond Taylor and written by Judge Willis Brown and Julia Crawford Ivers. The film stars Jack Pickford, Clarence Geldart, Edythe Chapman, L.N. Wells, Charles Arling, and Virginia Ware. The film was released on January 26, 1918, by Paramount Pictures and, like several other films released shortly after the American entry into World War I, had a patriotic theme. Several of the intertitles of this film had messages at the bottom which encouraged young men to enlist.

Intertitle
In films and videos, an intertitle, also known as a title card, is a piece of filmed, printed text edited into the midst of (hence, inter-) the photographed action at various points. Intertitles used to convey character dialogue are referred to as "dialogue intertitles", and those used to provide related descriptive/narrative material are referred to as "expository intertitles". In modern usage, the terms refer to similar text and logo material inserted at or near the start or end of films and television shows.
Oh No (Mos Def and Pharoahe Monch song)
"Oh No" is a song by American rappers Mos Def and Pharoahe Monch featuring American singer Nate Dogg. It was released in November 2000 by Rawkus Records, as a single from the compilation album Lyricist Lounge 2 (2000). The song was produced by Rockwilder.

Rawkus Records
Rawkus Records (or Rawkus Entertainment) is an American hip-hop record label, owned by James Murdoch, known for starting the careers of many rappers. Rawkus started in 1995 with releases in hip-hop, drum and bass and fun-dustrial (Dystopia One).

Label heads Brian Brater and Jarret Myer then signed some of the top underground talent from the New York area, notably Mos Def, Talib Kweli, Hi-Tek and Company Flow, who went on to define the label's sound. The string of 12" releases and full-length albums that followed helped initiate a resurgence in the New York/East Coast sound. Many of these are considered classics among hip-hop aficionados. During the mid to late 1990s, Rawkus became a dominant label in the underground hip-hop scene, producing a string of gold albums and a platinum album.
University of Prince Edward Island Faculty of Medicine
The Faculty of Medicine at the University of Prince Edward Island will be Canada's newest medical school when it opens in the fall of 2025. The University has partnered with the Memorial University of Newfoundland to establish the island's first medical school.

The UPEI Faculty of Medicine will be housed in a new building at the north end of campus.

Memorial University of Newfoundland
Memorial University of Newfoundland, or MUN (/mʌn/), is a public research university in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, based in St. John's, with satellite campuses in Corner Brook, Happy Valley-Goose Bay, and Harlow, England.  Memorial University offers certificate, diploma, undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate programs, as well as online courses and degrees.

Founded in September 1925 as a memorial to Newfoundlanders and Labradorians who died in the First World War, Memorial is the largest university in Atlantic Canada; it is also Newfoundland and Labrador's only university. As of 2018, there were 1,330 faculty and 2,474 staff, supporting 18,000 students from nearly 100 countries.
1981 Porsche Tennis Grand Prix
The 1981 Porsche Tennis Grand Prix was a women's singles tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Tennis Sporthalle Filderstadt in Filderstadt in West Germany. The event was part of the Category 4 tier of the 1981 Toyota Series. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from 26 October through 1 November 1981. First-seeded Tracy Austin won the singles event, her fourth successive singles title at the event, and the accompanying $22,000 first-prize money.

Filderstadt
Filderstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈfɪldɐˌʃtat] ⓘ; Swabian: Fildorsdadd) is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is located approximately 13 km south of Stuttgart.

Filderstadt is located next to the Stuttgart Airport and the new Trade Fair. Line S2 of the Stuttgart S-Bahn terminates at Filderstadt station.

Filderstadt was created as a town in 1975 from five smaller villages called Bernhausen, Bonlanden, Plattenhardt, Sielmingen and Harthausen.

From 1978 to 2005, it played host to the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix, a WTA Tier II event.

Princess Claire of Luxembourg was born here on 21 March 1985.

German writer Michael Ende, author of The Neverending Story, died in Filderstadt in 1995.
Wicklow Farmhouse Cheese
Wicklow Farmhouse Cheese is a range of handmade cow's milk cheese made in Arklow, County Wicklow ranging from Brie cheeses to Cheddar cheese. A range of cheese are produced varying from fresh soft cheese to a Gouda style hard cheese.

Arklow
Arklow (/ˈɑːrkloʊ/ ARK-loh; from Old Norse  Arnkell-ló 'meadow of Arnkell'; Irish: An tInbhear Mór, lit. 'the great estuary') is a town in County Wicklow on the southeast coast of Ireland. The town is overlooked by Ballymoyle Hill. It was founded by the Vikings in the ninth century. Arklow was the site of one of the bloodiest battles of the 1798 rebellion. Its proximity to Dublin led to it becoming a commuter town with a population of 13,163 as of the 2016 census. The 2022 census recorded a population of 13,399. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.

Arklow is at the mouth of the River Avoca, the longest river wholly within County Wicklow. The town is divided by the river, which is crossed by the Nineteen Arches Bridge, a stone arch bridge linking the southern or main part of the town with the northern part, called Ferrybank. The Nineteen Arches Bridge is the longest handmade stone bridge in Ireland, and a plaque on the south end of the bridge acknowledges this.
Tebenna micalis
Tebenna micalis, also known as the small thistle moth, is a species of moth in the family Choreutidae found worldwide. It was first described by the German Bohemian entomologist, Joseph Johann Mann in 1857.

Choreutidae
Choreutidae, or metalmark moths, are a family of insects in the lepidopteran order whose relationships have been long disputed. It was placed previously in the superfamily Yponomeutoidea in family Glyphipterigidae and in superfamily Sesioidea. It is now considered to represent its own superfamily (Minet, 1986). The relationship of the family to the other lineages in the group "Apoditrysia" need a new assessment, especially with new molecular data.