hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grand-disciple
Grand-disciple or academic grandson (or granddaughter) (German: Enkelschüler) are terms sometimes used in academic contexts or contexts relating to fine arts, and denote someone whose mentor or teacher was himself (or herself) a student of a famous representative of that discipline, such as a famous composer or a Nobel Prize-winning scientist.

The term implies that knowledge, techniques and/or skills are transferred from the "grandfather" to the "grand-disciple," borrowing from kinship terminology. The term Enkelschüler is fairly common in German, but similar terms are also used in English to some extent. In German a doctoral advisor is also usually referred to as a Doktorvater, a "doctoral father," similarly modelled on kinship terminology.

Kinship terminology
Kinship terminology is the system used in languages to refer to the persons to whom an individual is related through kinship. Different societies classify kinship relations differently and therefore use different systems of kinship terminology; for example, some languages distinguish between consanguine and affinal uncles (i.e. the brothers of one's parents and the husbands of the sisters of one's parents, respectively), whereas others have only one word to refer to both a father and his brothers. Kinship terminologies include the terms of address used in different languages or communities for different relatives and the terms of reference used to identify the relationship of these relatives to ego or to each other.
SpankChain
SpankChain is an adult entertainment website and cryptocurrency exchange mostly used for exchanges in the sex work industry. Users pay for services using SpankChain Ethereum-based coin "SPANK". The SpankChain's tokens are sometimes referred to as "SpankCoin".

Sex work
Sex work is "the exchange of sexual services, performances, or products for material compensation. It includes activities of direct physical contact between buyers and sellers as well as indirect sexual stimulation". Sex work only refers to voluntary sexual transactions; thus, the term does not refer to human trafficking and other coerced or nonconsensual sexual transactions such as child prostitution. The transaction must take place between consenting adults of the legal age (generally 18 and older) and mental capacity to consent and must take place without any methods of coercion, other than payment. The term emphasizes the labor and economic implications of this type of work. Furthermore, some prefer the use of the term because it grants more agency to the sellers of these services.
B. Sheikh Ali
B. Sheikh Ali (died 1 September 2022) was an Indian historian. He received Bachelor's and Master's degrees from the University of Mysore, where he would later work as a member of the faculty. He received PhDs from the Aligarh Muslim University in 1954 and the University of London in 1960. He authored 55 books, 12 of which were in Urdu. He served at various points as the vice chancellor of Goa University and Mangalore University. An obituary in The New Indian Express described him as an authority on Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan, and the history of the Kingdom of Mysore during the British Raj.

Aligarh Muslim University
Aligarh Muslim University is a collegiate, central, and research university located in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, which was originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875. Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College became Aligarh Muslim University in 1920, following the Aligarh Muslim University Act.

The university offers more than 300 courses in traditional and modern branches of education. It is an Institute of National Importance and is listed in the Union List under the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India.
Brooklands (Havering ward)
Brooklands  was an electoral ward in the London Borough of Havering from 1978 to 2022. The ward was first used in the 1978 elections and last used for the 2018 elections. It returned councillors to Havering London Borough Council. It was replaced by Hylands and Harrow Lodge, Rush Green and Crowlands and St Edward's electoral wards.

1978 London local elections
Local government elections took place in London, and some other parts of the United Kingdom on Thursday 4 May 1978. Ward changes took place in every borough (except Enfield) which increased the total number of councillors by 41 from 1,867 to 1,908.

All London borough council seats were up for election.  The previous Borough elections in London were in 1974.
Alsophila ferruginea
Alsophila ferruginea, synonym Cyathea ferruginea, is a species of tree fern endemic to the Philippines. It is native to the islands of Negros, Palawan and Balabac. It grows in mossy forest up to an altitude of about 1,200 metres (3,900 ft).

Cyatheales
The order Cyatheales, which includes most tree ferns, is a taxonomic order of the fern class, Polypodiopsida. No clear morphological features characterize all of the Cyatheales, but DNA sequence data indicate the order is monophyletic. Some species in the Cyatheales have tree-like growth forms from a vertical rhizome, others have shorter or horizontal expanding rhizomes.

Some species have scales on the stems and leaves, while others have hairs. However, most plants in the Cyatheales are tree ferns and have trunk-like stems up to 10 metres (33 ft) tall. It is unclear how many times the tree form has evolved and been lost in the order.
Selection Committee (Australia)
The Selection Committee is a committee of the Australian House of Representatives responsible for determining the program of private members business in the House of Representatives. The committee is governed by Standing Order 222 and consists of fourteen members, eight government members and six non-government members. The Speaker is chair of the committee ex officio. The Deputy Speaker can substitute for the Speaker in his absence.

Ex officio member
An ex officio member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, or council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term ex officio is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic.

According to Robert's Rules of Order, the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ex officio member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to the position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ex officio members may frequently abstain from voting.

Opposite notions are dual mandate, when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union, when two states share the same monarch.
Charlie Osgood
Charles Benjamin Osgood (November 23, 1926 – January 23, 2014) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher who appeared in one game for the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1944. At 17 years of age, the 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m), 180 lb (82 kg) rookie was the fifth-youngest player to appear in a National League game that season.

Osgood was one of many ballplayers who only appeared in the major leagues during World War II. His only major league action came on June 18, 1944 in a road doubleheader against the Philadelphia Blue Jays at Shibe Park. He pitched three innings of relief in one of the games, allowing six baserunners but only one earned run.

On November 7, 1944, Osgood was drafted by the Chicago Cubs from the Dodgers in the 1944 minor league draft, but he never again made it to the major league level. His career ended with a 0–0 record and a 3.00 ERA.

Doubleheader (baseball)
In the sport of baseball, a doubleheader is a set of two games played between the same two teams on the same day. Historically, doubleheaders have been played in immediate succession, in front of the same crowd. Contemporarily, the term is also used to refer to two games played between two teams in a single day in front of different crowds and not in immediate succession.

The record for the most doubleheaders played by a major-league team in one season is 44 by the Chicago White Sox in 1943. Between September 4 and September 15, 1928, the Boston Braves played nine consecutive doubleheaders – 18 games in 12 days.
Bunsen burner
A Bunsen burner, named after Robert Bunsen, is a kind of ambient air gas burner used as laboratory equipment; it produces a single open gas flame, and is used for heating, sterilization, and combustion.

The gas can be natural gas, which is mainly methane, or a liquefied petroleum gas, such as propane, butane, a mixture or, as Bunsen himself used, coal gas. Combustion temperature achieved depends in part on the adiabatic flame temperature of the chosen fuel mixture.

Adiabatic flame temperature
In the study of combustion, the adiabatic flame temperature is the temperature reached by a flame under ideal conditions. It is an upper bound of the temperature that is reached in actual processes.

There are two types of adiabatic flame temperature: constant volume and constant pressure, depending on how the process is completed. The constant volume adiabatic flame temperature is the temperature that results from a complete combustion process that occurs without any work, heat transfer or changes in kinetic or potential energy. Its temperature is higher than in the constant pressure process because no energy is utilized to change the volume of the system (i.e., generate work).
Pod svobodnim soncem
Pod svobodnim soncem: povest davnih dedov (Under the Free Sun: a Story of the Ancient Forefathers) is a historical novel by the Slovene writer Fran Saleški Finžgar.  The work was initially published in 1906 and 1907 as a serial story in the conservative newspaper Dom in svet. It was published in the book form in 1912. It is an extensive narrative oeuvre with nationally motivated content.

Slovenes
The Slovenes, also known as Slovenians (Slovene: Slovenci [slɔˈʋéːntsi]), are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Slovenia and adjacent regions in Italy, Austria and Hungary. Slovenes share a common ancestry, culture, and history, and speak Slovene as their native language.

Outside of Slovenia and Europe, Slovenes form diaspora groups in the United States, Canada, Argentina and Australia.
The Greeks Have a Word For It
The Greeks Have a Word For It is the second novel by Booker Prize-winning author Barry Unsworth published by Hutchinson in 1967. It has since been republished by Weidenfeld & Nicolson in 1993 and W. W. Norton & Company in 2002. It has been praised for its 'utterly convincing characterizations'.

Weidenfeld & Nicolson
Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd (established 1949), often shortened to W&N or Weidenfeld, is a British publisher of fiction and reference books. It has been a division of the French-owned Orion Publishing Group since 1991.
2000 Mahoran status referendum
A referendum on the Paris Agreement was held in Mayotte on 2 July 2000. The agreement allowed Mayotte to become a "collectivité départementale", and provided for another referendum on status in ten years' time. It was approved by 72.93% of voters. A further referendum on becoming an overseas department was subsequently held in 2009.

Departmental collectivity
Departmental collectivity (French: collectivité départementale) was a legal designation used to describe the particular status of the French overseas collectivity of Mayotte between 2001 and 2011.  The term is used to indicate that Mayotte at the time was similar to a French department but not yet an overseas department.  The term was made official by Law No. 2001-616 on 11 July 2001. Mayotte became a department in 2011.
TESP (company)
TESP (English: Society for the Exploitation of Potassium Salt, Polish: Towarzystwo Eksploatacji Soli Potasowych) was a private mining enterprise, which existed in the Second Polish Republic, with head office in Lwow. It operated potassium salt mines in Kalusz and Stebnik, and sponsored a soccer team TESP Kalusz. Before World War I, the potassium salt mines in Kalusz and Stebnik had been operated by the government of Austria-Hungary.

In 1961 in its place was created a big Soviet chemical and metallurgical association Khlorvinil that used to employ some 17,000 workers.

Kalush, Ukraine
Kalush (Ukrainian: Калуш [ˈkɑlʊʃ] ⓘ; Polish: Kałusz) is a city set in the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains, in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Kalush Raion (district) and hosts the administration of Kalush urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its estimated population was 65,088 (2022 estimate). Its important local industries include chemicals and concrete.
2020–21 Second Men's League of Serbia (basketball)
The 2020–21 Second Men's League of Serbia is the 15th season of the Second Basketball League of Serbia, the 2nd-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia.

The season is the first to be played after the previous season was abandoned due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia. The Basketball Federation of Serbia ruled that the 11 teams from the previous season will stay in the league and the highest-placed clubs from four divisions of the First Regional League will be promoted, while the three highest-placed clubs from the previous season will be promoted to the First League.

Basketball Federation of Serbia
The Basketball Federation of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашки савез Србије, КСС, romanized: Košarkaški savez Srbije, KSS) is a non-profit organization and the national sports governing body for basketball in Serbia.

The organization represents Serbia in FIBA and the men's and women's national basketball teams in the Olympic Committee of Serbia. The Federation traditionally selects the Serbian Basketball Player of the Year.
Tripurasundari Rural Municipality, Dhading
Tripurasundari is a rural municipality located within the Dhading District of the Bagmati Province of Nepal. The rural municipality spans 271.23 square kilometres (104.72 sq mi), with a total population of 22,960 according to a 2011 Nepal census.

On March 10, 2017, the Government of Nepal restructured the local level bodies into 753 new local level structures. The previous Salyantar, Mulpani, Salyankot, Aginchok and Tripureshwar VDCs were merged to form Tripurasundari. Tripurasundari is divided into 7 wards, with Salyantar declared the administrative center of the rural municipality.

Tripureshwor
Tripureshwor is a village development committee in Dhading District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2707 and had 497 houses in it. This is one of the mid-north village development committee which was politically popular during 10 year of insurgency. The rising number of population is making this part much more populated than last five years. The biggest river of the district, Netrawati passes through this village. One of the popular town of the district, Khahare is located in the north of Tripureshwor. Khahare is now well doing in the field of agriculture. People here are dependent in their agriculture for their livelihood. There are 8 wards.
2012 Aberto de Florianópolis – Doubles
Tomasz Bednarek and Mateusz Kowalczyk were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Blaž Kavčič and Antonio Veić won the title after defeating Javier Martí and Leonardo Tavares 6–3, 6–3 in the final.

Antonio Veić
Antonio Veić (born 18 February 1988) is a Croatian former professional tennis player and a coach. His highest singles ranking is No. 119 achieved on 14 May 2012 and a doubles ranking of No. 120 achieved on 19 November 2012.
2026 MLS SuperDraft
The 2026 MLS SuperDraft was the 26th edition of the MLS SuperDraft, a sports draft to select amateur, usually collegiate, soccer players that are not affiliated with an MLS club, or college soccer players that had their homegrown player rights relinquished by their parent MLS club. The draft was held on December 18, 2025, marking the fourth year in a row that the draft was held in December. Despite the draft being held in 2025, the draft retained the 2026 branding.

FC Cincinnati
Football Club Cincinnati is an American professional soccer club based in Cincinnati. The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Eastern Conference. The team was first announced on August 12, 2015, as a United Soccer League (USL) franchise which played from 2016 to 2018. On May 29, 2018, the club's ownership was awarded an MLS franchise, and the team began MLS play on March 2, 2019. The club's ownership group is led by Carl Lindner III with Jeff Berding serving as co-CEO. Currently, the role of general manager is held by Chris Albright.
John Dunn (bushranger)
John Dunn (14 December 1846 – 19 March 1866) was an Australian bushranger.  He was born at Murrumburrah near Yass in New South Wales. He was 19 years old when he was hanged in Darlinghurst Gaol. He was buried in the former Devonshire Street Cemetery in Sydney.

Yass, New South Wales
Yass (/jæs/)
is a town on the periphery of the Southern Tablelands and South West Slopes of New South Wales, Australia. The name appears to have been derived from an Aboriginal word, "Yarrh" (or "Yharr"), said to mean 'running water'.

Yass is located 280 km south-west of Sydney, on the Hume Highway, and is 59 km from Canberra. It lies at an elevation of 505 metres. The Yass River, which is a tributary of the Murrumbidgee River, flows through the town.

Yass has a historic high street, with well-preserved 19th-century verandah post pubs (mostly converted to other uses). It is popular with tourists, some from Canberra and others taking a break from the Hume Highway.
J. L. Ilsley High School
J.L. Ilsley High School is a Canadian high school located in Spryfield in the eastern part of Halifax, Nova Scotia. The school is named after James Lorimer Ilsley, a former federal cabinet minister who served in Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King's World War II government and was later Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia.  The school opened in 1971. Funding for the construction of a new school to replace the existing structure was announced in 2018. The province of Nova Scotia has opened the new school for the 2021–2022 school year. When the new school opened there were no smoke alarms or functioning security cameras in the school.

Nova Scotia Supreme Court
The Nova Scotia Supreme Court is a superior court in the province of Nova Scotia.

The Supreme Court consists of 25 judicial seats including the position of Chief Justice and Associate Chief Justice. At any given time there may be one or more additional justices who sit as supernumerary justices. The justices sit in 18 different locations around the province.
1936 Copa Aldao
The 1936 Copa Aldao was the final match to decide the winner of the Copa Aldao, the ninth edition of the international competition organised by the Argentine and Uruguayan Associations together. The final was contested by Uruguayan club Peñarol and Argentine club River Plate.

River Plate contested the match as the winner of "Copa de Oro", a cup that decided which team would participate in the final as the 1936 Argentine Primera División season had crowned two champions, River Plate and San Lorenzo. After River beat San Lorenzo 3–1, the team was eligible to play the 1936 edition of Copa Aldao.

The match was played at Estadio Centenario in Montevideo, where River Plate achieved a conclusive victory of 5–1 over Peñarol, winning its first Copa Aldao Trophy.

1936 Argentine Primera División
The 1936 Argentine Primera División was the 45th season of top-flight football in Argentina. Two regular championships were disputed that year, "Copa de Honor" (won by San Lorenzo) and "Copa Campeonato" (won by River Plate).

At the end of the season, both champions, River and San Lorenzo, played a single match for the "Copa de Oro" trophy. River Plate won the match, that would be recognised as an additional league title.
Saturn Curve
The Saturn Curve is a roadster concept by Saturn designed by Michael Mauer who was the former head of design at Saab Automobile. It was shown at the 2004 North American International Auto Show along with the Saturn Sky concept.

This project would also evolve to a new "Saab Sonett", with a different front styling, but ultimately Saab's intentions to make it an AWD car did not come true, and Saturn opted to go with the Opel project   giving birth to the Saturn Sky.

Concept car
A concept car (also known as a concept vehicle or show vehicle) is a car made to showcase new styling or new technology. Concept cars are often exhibited at motor shows to gauge customer reaction to new and radical designs which may or may not be produced.

General Motors designer Harley Earl is generally credited with inventing the concept car, and did much to popularize it through its traveling Motorama shows of the 1950s.

Concept cars never go into production directly. In modern times, all would have to undergo many changes before the design is finalized for the sake of practicality, safety, regulatory compliance, and cost. A "production-intent" prototype, as opposed to a concept vehicle, serves this purpose.
Mesogona rubra
Mesogona rubra is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in the Cascade Mountains north to Skamania County, Washington, in the Klamath Mountains, on the Pacific coast from central Oregon to central California, and in the Sierra Nevada.

The length of the forewings is 18–21 mm.

The larvae feed on Arctostaphylos columbiana and probably other Arctostaphylos species.

Skamania County, Washington
Skamania County (/skəˈmeɪniə/ skə-MAY-nee-ə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,036. The county seat and largest incorporated city is Stevenson, although the Carson River Valley CDP is more populous. Skamania County is included in the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Roman Popov (ice hockey)
Roman Popov (born May 3, 1980) is a Russian former professional ice hockey defenceman.

Popov played in the Russian Superleague and Kontinental Hockey League for HC CSK VVS Samara, HC Sibir Novosibirsk, HC MVD and Metallurg Novokuznetsk

HC MVD
HC MVD (Russian: ХК МВД) was a professional ice hockey club based in Balashikha, Moscow Oblast, Russia. They were members of the Tarasov Division of the Kontinental Hockey League. They are best known for winning the silver medal in the KHL backstopped by all star goaltender Michael Garnett in 2010. The team merged with Dynamo Moscow to form UHC Dynamo after the 2009–10 season.
Richard Soley
Richard Mark Soley (born c. 1960, in Baltimore, Maryland, died 8 Nov., 2023, in Lexington, Massachusetts) was an American computer scientist and businessman, and chairman and CEO of the Object Management Group, Inc. (OMG). He was also the executive director of the Cloud Standards Customer Council, and executive director of the Industrial Internet Consortium, managed by the OMG.

Lexington, Massachusetts
Lexington is a suburban town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, located 10 miles (16 km) from Downtown Boston. The population was 34,454 as of the 2020 census.  The area was originally inhabited by Native Americans, and was first settled by Europeans c. 1642 as a farming community. Lexington is well known as the site of the first shots of the American Revolutionary War, in the Battle of Lexington on April 19, 1775, where the "Shot heard 'round the world" took place. It is home to Minute Man National Historical Park.