hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solar-Powered Aircraft Developments Solar One
The Solar-Powered Aircraft Developments Solar One is a British mid-wing, experimental, crewed solar-powered aircraft that was designed by David Williams and produced by Solar-Powered Aircraft Developments under the direction of Freddie To. On 13 June 1979 it became one of the first solar-powered aircraft to fly, after the uncrewed AstroFlight Sunrise and the crewed Mauro Solar Riser, and the first successful British solar-powered aircraft.

Experimental aircraft
An Experimental aircraft is an aircraft intended for testing new aerospace technologies and design concepts.

The term research aircraft or testbed aircraft, by contrast, generally denotes aircraft modified to perform scientific studies, such as weather research or geophysical surveying, similar to a research vessel.

The term "experimental aircraft" also has specific legal meaning in Australia, the United States and some other countries; usually used to refer to aircraft flown with an experimental certificate. In the United States, this also includes most homebuilt aircraft, many of which are based on conventional designs and hence are experimental only in name because of certain restrictions in operation.
Vismodegib
Vismodegib, sold under the brand name Erivedge, is a medication used for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC). The approval of vismodegib on January 30, 2012, represents the first Hedgehog signaling pathway targeting agent to gain U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. The drug is also undergoing clinical trials for metastatic colorectal cancer, small-cell lung cancer, advanced stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, medulloblastoma and chondrosarcoma as of June 2011. The drug was developed by the biotechnology/pharmaceutical company Genentech.

Phases of clinical research
The phases of clinical research are the stages in which scientists conduct experiments with a health intervention to obtain sufficient evidence for a process considered effective as a medical treatment. For drug development, the clinical phases start with testing for drug safety in a few human subjects, then expand to many study participants (potentially tens of thousands) to determine if the treatment is effective. Clinical research is conducted on drug candidates, vaccine candidates, new medical devices, and new diagnostic assays.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 260
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 260 (P. Oxy. 260 or P. Oxy. II 260) is a fragment of a Promise of Attendance in Court, in Greek. It was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It is dated to 3 July 59. Currently it is housed in the Trinity College (Pap. D 3) in Dublin.

Papyrus
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus (plural: papyri or papyruses) can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.

Papyrus was first known to have been used in Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), as the papyrus plant was once abundant across the Nile Delta. It was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Apart from writing material, ancient Egyptians employed papyrus in the construction of other artifacts, such as reed boats, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets.
Heijnen
Heijnen is a Dutch patronymic surname. Heijn is a regional short form of the given name Hendrik. In Belgium the name is more often spelled Heynen. People with this surname include:

Eugène Heijnen (born 1964), Dutch politician and tax consultant

Harry Heijnen (1940–2015), Dutch football player

Hilde Heijnen (born 1965), Belgian actress

Pierre Heijnen (born 1953), Dutch politician

Pieter Heijnen (born 1979), Dutch DJ

Sibyl Heijnen (born 1961), Dutch visual artist

Tonnie Heijnen (born 1967), Dutch table tennis player

Heijne

Bas Heijne (born 1960), Dutch writer and translator

Heynen

Bryan Heynen (born 1997), Belgian football player

Hilde Heynen (born 1959), Belgian architectural theoretician

Julia Heynen, American actress

Louise Heynen (1862–1932), German actress and theater director known as  Louise Dumont

Vital Heynen (born 1969),  Belgian volleyball player and coach

Pierre Heijnen
Pierre Maria Michel Heijnen (born 5 October 1953 in The Hague) is a Dutch politician and former civil servant. As a member of the Labour Party (Partij van de Arbeid) he was an MP between 1 March 2007 and 1 September 2013. He focused on matters of local government, civil service personnel and finances.

Heijnen studied Dutch language and Dutch literature at Utrecht University. He worked at the Province of South Holland from 1977 to 1998. From 1986 to 2002 he was a member of the municipal council of The Hague and from April 1998 to April 2006 an alderman of the same municipality.
Félix Labisse
Félix Labisse (March 9, 1905 – January 27, 1982) was a French Surrealist painter, illustrator, and designer.

He was born in Marchiennes. He divided his time between Paris and the Belgian coast from 1927. In Ostend he met James Ensor, who influenced his work. Beginning in 1931 he designed for the theater. His paintings depict fantastical hybrid creatures, and are often erotic. He painted the first of a series of blue women in 1960; among them is the Bain Turquoise.

He was the subject of a film by Alain Resnais, Visite à Félix Labisse (1947). In 1966 he was elected to the 
Académie des Beaux-Arts. In 1973 his paintings were shown in a retrospective exhibition at the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam. He died in Neuilly-sur-Seine in 1982.

Académie des Beaux-Arts
The Académie des Beaux-Arts (French pronunciation: [akademi de boz‿aʁ]; lit. 'Academy of Fine Arts') is a French learned society based in Paris. It is one of the five academies of the Institut de France. As of 2025, the president of the academy is Coline Serreau, a French actress and film director.
Rietz
For the musician, see Julius Rietz.

Rietz (German pronunciation: [ʁiˈə̯t͡s] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Imst district, Austria, and is located 23 km east of Imst and 4 km west of Telfs on the southern shore of the Inn River. It is a peculiarity that the village has no sun during winter time because of the height of the Stubai Alps. The village is mentioned in documents dating from the year 1264 and has been a community since the year 1325. The main source of income is tourism.

Inn (river)
The Inn (German pronunciation: [ɪn] ⓘ; Latin: Aenus; Romansh: En) is a river in Switzerland, Austria and Germany. The 518 km (322 mi) long river is a right tributary of the Danube, being the third largest tributary of the Danube by discharge. The highest point of its drainage basin is the summit of Piz Bernina at 4,049 m (13,284 ft). The Engadine, the valley of the En, is the only Swiss valley whose waters end up in the Black Sea (via the Danube).
Willie Loney
William Loney (31 May 1879 – 6 March 1956) was a Scottish footballer who played for Celtic, Partick Thistle, Motherwell and Scotland. He had a key role in the Celtic team of the 1900s which won six consecutive Scottish Football League championships.

His brother James (Clyde, Dundee Hibernian) and cousin Harry (Falkirk, Alloa Athletic, Dumbarton) were also footballers.

Clyde F.C.
Clyde Football Club is a Scottish semi-professional football club who play in Scottish League Two. Nicknamed the Bully Wee, the club was formed in 1877 at the River Clyde in Glasgow, the club currently host their home matches at New Douglas Park in Hamilton, having played at Broadwood Stadium in Cumbernauld from 1994 until 2022.

The club's biggest accomplishments are winning the Scottish Cup on three occasions: 1939, 1955 and 1958; they reached the final a further three times, all during a long period based at Shawfield, in Rutherglen. They have not played in the top division of Scottish football since 1975.

The club have been managed by Darren Young since October 2024.
Okerlund
Okerlund is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clinton Okerlund, American politician

Gene Okerlund (1942–2019), American wrestling announcer and former wrestler

Ralph Okerlund (1952–2024), American politician

Todd Okerlund (born 1964), American ice hockey player

Clinton Okerlund
Clinton (Clint) Okerlund is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the 42nd district in the Utah House of Representatives since 2025. In the 2024 election he was elected over Democratic Party candidate Travis Smith.
Spafford, New York
Spafford is a town in Onondaga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 1,588. The town was named after Horatio Gates Spafford, a writer and founder of the local library. Spafford is in the southwestern corner of Onondaga County and is southwest of Syracuse.

Finger Lakes
The Finger Lakes are a group of eleven long, narrow, roughly north–south lakes located in an area called the Finger Lakes region in New York, in the United States. This region straddles the northern and transitional edge of the Northern Allegheny Plateau, known as the Finger Lakes Uplands and Gorges ecoregion, and the Ontario Lowlands ecoregion of the Great Lakes Lowlands.

The geological term finger lake refers to a long, narrow lake in an overdeepened glacial valley, while the proper name Finger Lakes goes back to the late 19th century. Cayuga and Seneca Lakes are among the deepest in the United States, measuring 435 and 618 feet (133 and 188 m), respectively, with bottoms well below sea level. Though none of the lakes' widths exceed 3.5 miles (5.6 km), Seneca Lake is 38.1 miles (61.3 km) long, and at 66.9 square miles (173 km2) is the largest in total area.
Boina River
The Boina River (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbɔjnɐ]) is a small river in the south west Algarve, Portugal. It is a tributary of the Arade River which it has a conflux at the Boina Estuary 6.8 kilometres (4.2 mi) north of the mouth of the Arade at the town of Portimão.

Portimão
Portimão (European Portuguese pronunciation: [puɾtiˈmɐ̃w] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality in the district of Faro, in the Algarve region of southern Portugal. The population in 2022 was 63,079 in an area of 182.06 km2. It was formerly known as Vila Nova de Portimão. In 1924, it was incorporated as a cidade and became known merely as Portimão. Historically a fishing and shipbuilding centre, it has nonetheless developed into a strong tourist centre oriented along its beaches and southern coast. The two largest population centers in the Algarve are Portimão and Faro.
Wisuta Heebkaew
Wisuta Heebkaew (Thai: วิสุตา หีบแก้ว, born (1980-02-01)1 February 1980) is a retired Thai female volleyball player.

She was part of the Thailand women's national volleyball team at the 1998 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Japan, and also at the 2002 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

2002 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 2002 FIVB Women's World Championship was the fourteenth edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 30 August to 15 September 2002 in Berlin, Bremen, Dresden, Münster, Schwerin, Riesa, Leipzig, and Stuttgart, Germany. The tournament saw the discontinuation of Cuba's historic eight consecutive world titles, as the team finished fifth after being eliminated by the United States in the quarterfinals.
Rhabdophis swinhonis
Rhabdophis swinhonis is a species of snake in the subfamily Natricinae of the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Taiwan. It is also known commonly as the Taiwan keelback and Swinhoe's grass snake.

Colubridae
Colubridae (/kəˈluːbrɪdiː/, commonly known as colubrids /ˈkɒljʊbrɪdz/, from Latin: coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest fossil species of the family date back to the Late Eocene epoch, with earlier origins suspected. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Sugar Loaf railway station
Sugar Loaf railway station is a railway station in Powys, Wales, and is part of the Heart of Wales Line. It is the most geographically remote station in Wales. The station is located one mile (1.5 kilometres) northeast of a small but prominent knoll known as Sugar Loaf, around which the A483 road loops.

The line through here was opened by the Central Wales Extension Railway in 1868.  The passing loop and associated Sugar Loaf Summit signal box were removed and the station closed to passengers in 1965 but the station subsequently reopened to traffic in 1984.

The station's name in Welsh is Dinas y Bwlch; however, in Welsh station announcements, the station is referred to as Pen-y-fâl, the name given to the mountain of the same name in Monmouthshire.

Sugar Loaf, Monmouthshire
The Sugar Loaf (Welsh: Mynydd Pen-y-fâl) is a hill situated two miles (3.2 km) north-west of Abergavenny in Monmouthshire, Wales, within the Brecon Beacons National Park. It is the southernmost of the summit peaks of the Black Mountains, and rises to 1,955 feet (596 metres). The Sugar Loaf was gifted to the National Trust by suffragette Lady Rhondda.
Wallace Chung
Wallace Chung Hon-leung (Chinese: 鍾漢良; born 30 November 1974) is a Hong Kong actor and singer, best known for his work on several Chinese television dramas.

Chung ranked 68th on Forbes China Celebrity 100 list in 2013, 94th in 2014, 45th in 2015, 31st in 2017.

Forbes China Celebrity 100
The Forbes China Celebrity 100 is a list published annually by Forbes that ranks the influence of Chinese celebrities. First published in 2004, it is similar to the Celebrity 100 also published by Forbes. Factors that are taken into account include income, search engine hits, as well as exposure in newspapers, magazines, and television.

Prior to 2010, the list only included celebrities born in mainland China. In 2010, it started to include Chinese celebrities born in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and other countries or regions. The list was suspended in 2016 and 2018. It published only a top 10 ranking in 2021 and has been discontinued since.
2021 Australian Open – Men's doubles
Ivan Dodig and Filip Polášek defeated the defending champions Rajeev Ram and Joe Salisbury in the final, 6–3, 6–4 to win the men's doubles tennis title at the 2021 Australian Open. With the win, Dodig and Polášek claimed their first Grand Slam title as a team. The victory earned Polášek his first major title, and made him the second Slovak to win one after Daniela Hantuchová.

Mate Pavić was in contention to reclaim the ATP No. 1 doubles ranking, but he failed to do so after he and Nikola Mektić lost in the semifinals to Dodig and Polášek.

Nikola Mektić
Nikola Mektić (born 24 December 1988) is a Croatian professional tennis player who is a former world No. 1 in doubles.

He is a two-time Grand Slam champion, having won the 2021 Wimbledon Championships in men's doubles partnering compatriot Mate Pavić, and the 2020 Australian Open with Barbora Krejčíková in mixed doubles. Mektić also finished runner-up at the 2020 US Open with Wesley Koolhof and at the 2022 Wimbledon Championships with Pavić in men's doubles, and the 2018 US Open with Alicja Rosolska in mixed doubles.

He became world No. 1 in men's doubles in October 2021, the second Croatian to reach this ranking. Mektić has won 33 doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including 10 at Masters 1000 level with five different partners. He also won the 2020 ATP Finals with Koolhof. In singles, he reached his highest ranking of world No. 213 in May 2013. Mektić was part of the Croatian team which won the 2018 Davis Cup, and won men's doubles gold at the 2020 Olympic Games alongside Pavić.
Equestrian events at the 2023 Pan American Games
Equestrian competitions at the 2023 Pan American Games are scheduled to be held from October 22 to November 3. The venue for the competition is the Escuela de equitación regimiento granaderos in Quillota, Chile.

A total of 150 athletes are scheduled to compete in the three disciplines of dressage, eventing and jumping, each with an individual and team event.

All three disciplines will serve as qualifiers for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.

Quillota
Quillota is a city located in the valley of the Aconcagua River in Valparaíso Region, Chile. It is the capital and largest city of Quillota Province. It is surrounded by the localities of San Isidro, La Palma, Pocochay, and San Pedro. It is an important agricultural center, mainly because of the plantations of avocado and cherimoya trees.

Quillota is connected to the city of La Calera by the small city of La Cruz. Charles Darwin described the area's agriculture and the landscape in his book The Voyage of the Beagle. In nearby La Campana National Park, there is a plaque at a viewpoint commemorating Darwin's visit.
Ishakha International University, Bangladesh
Ishakha International University Bangladesh is a private university located in Kishorganj, Bangladesh. The government of Bangladesh approved its establishment in 2012 under the Private University Act (PUA) 1992 (now replaced by PUA 2010). Financial support came from the United Group, a Bangladeshi business conglomerate.

In 2016, the University Grants Commission declared certificates issued by the university void.

University Grants Commission of Bangladesh
University Grants Commission of Bangladesh (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় মঞ্জুরী কমিশন, romanized: Bañglādeś Biśbobidyālaẏ mañjurī komiśan; abbreviated as UGC) is the apex body responsible for overseeing higher education in Bangladesh, ensuring quality standards, and advising on university development. It was established on 16 December 1972, according to the Presidential Order (P.O. No 10 of 1973) of the Government of People's Republic of Bangladesh. It regulates public and private universities, promoting academic excellence and supporting research initiatives across the country.
Vodopyanov
Vodopyanov is an East Slavic surname in the masculine form. Variants include: Vodopianov, Vodopianoff, Wodopjanow. (Cyrillic: Водопьянов, Вадопьянов Водоп'янов) The female variant is Vodopyanova (Водопьянова).

Notable people with the surname Vodopyanov or Vodopyanova include:

Konstantin Vodopyanov (born 1963),  Russian physicist from Stanford University

Mikhail Vodopyanov (1899–1980),  Soviet pilot, Major General

Natalia Vodopyanova (born 1981), Russian basketball player

Sergey Vodopyanov (born 1987), Russian boxer

Vitali Vodopyanov (born 1974), Russian footballer

Pyotor Vodopyanov (1855-1912), Colonel in Russian Army

Radik Vodopyanov, Kyrgyzstani footballer

Tetyana Vodopyanova (born 1973), Ukrainian biathlete

Veniamin Vodopyanov (1865-1943), Russian Cossack commander in the Russo-Japanese War

Yulia Vodopyanova, Armenian rhythmic gymnast

Natalia Vodopyanova
Natalia Andreyevna Vodopyanova (Russian: Наталья Андреевна Водопьянова, born 4 June 1981) is a Russian basketball player. She was part of the Russian teams that won bronze medals at the 2004 and 2008 Olympics and placed fourth in 2012; she also won the European title in 2007 and a silver medal at the 2006 World Championships.
André Lamoglia
André Lamoglia Agra Gomes (born 4 August 1997) is a Brazilian actor, known for playing Rafael Smor in the Disney Channel Brazil series, Juacas and Luan in the second season of Bia. He's best known worldwide as Iván in Netflix's Elite.

Disney Channel (Brazil)
Disney Channel was a Brazilian children's pay television channel operated by The Walt Disney Company Brazil, a part of The Walt Disney Company Latin America and the Brazilian local version of the eponymous American cable channel. Launched on 5 April 2001, as a premium channel, it became a basic-tier channel in 2004. After 23 years, the channel closed on 1 March 2025, along with other non-sports Disney channels in Brazil.
Methanosalsum
Methanosalsum is a genus of microbes within the family Methanosarcinaceae. This genus contains two species.

Methanosalsum zhilinae was isolated from the saline and alkaline sediments of Wadi Natrun in Egypt and from Lake Magadi. It is moderately halophilic.

Methanosalsum natronophilum (natronophilum means soda-loving) was isolated from hypersaline soda lakes.

Halophile
A halophile (from the Greek word for 'salt-loving') is an extremophile that thrives in high salt concentrations. In chemical terms, halophile refers to a Lewis acidic species that has some ability to extract halides from other chemical species.

While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, such as the alga Dunaliella salina and fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Some well-known species give off a red color from carotenoid compounds, notably bacteriorhodopsin.

Halophiles can be found in water bodies with salt concentration more than five times greater than that of the ocean, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Lake Urmia in Iran, the Dead Sea, and in evaporation ponds. They are theorized to be a possible analogues for modeling extremophiles that might live in the salty subsurface water ocean of Jupiter's Europa and similar moons.
Tujunga
Tujunga can refer to a few different things:

Tujunga, the Tongva village

Tujunga (fly), a genus of picture-winged fly

Sunland-Tujunga, Los Angeles, a neighborhood of the San Fernando Valley

Rancho Tujunga, a Mexican land grant that became Sunland and Tujunga, LA

Tujunga Wash, a tributary of the Los Angeles River

Big Tujunga Creek, which flows to the Tujunga Wash

Big Tujunga Dam, spanning Big Tujunga Canyon in Los Angeles County

Tujunga Wash
Tujunga Wash is a 13-mile-long (20.9 km) stream in Los Angeles County, California. It is a tributary of the Los Angeles River, providing about a fifth of its flow, and drains about 225 square miles (580 km2). It is called a wash because it is usually dry, especially the lower reaches, only carrying significant flows during and after storms, which usually only occur between November and April. The name of the wash derives from a Tongva village name.
São Nicolau wall gecko
The São Nicolau wall gecko (Tarentola nicolauensis) is a species of geckos in the family Phyllodactylidae. The species is endemic to Cape Verde, where it occurs on the islands of São Vicente and São Nicolau. The species was named by Hans Hermann Schleich in 1984.

São Nicolau, Cape Verde
São Nicolau (Portuguese for Saint Nicholas) is one of the Barlavento (Windward) islands of Cape Verde. It is located between the islands of Santa Luzia and Sal. Its population is 12,424 (2015),: 36  with an area of 343 km2 (132 sq mi).: 25  The main towns are Ribeira Brava and Tarrafal de São Nicolau.
International Aerobatic Club
The International Aerobatic Club (IAC) is a division of the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) and the National Aeronautics Association (NAA). It promotes aerobatics and governs the sport of competition aerobatics in the United States under the regulations of the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI).

The IAC was founded in 1970 as an evolution of the EAA's "Precision Flying Division" to provide an organized method for advancing aerobatic skills via a "building block" competition system.  It is responsible for pilot selection of Advanced and Unlimited Power, and Advanced Glider, aerobatic teams that represent the U.S. at World Aerobatic Championships events. IAC has grown to be the world's largest aerobatic organization.

IAC chapters throughout the U.S. promote aerobatics at a local level and host aerobatic critiques, seminars and competitions.

Experimental Aircraft Association
The Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) is an international organization of aviation enthusiasts based in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.  Since its inception, it has grown internationally with over 300,000 members and nearly 1,000 chapters worldwide. It hosts the largest aviation gathering of its kind in the world, EAA AirVenture Oshkosh.