hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mesovouno massacres
The Mesovouno massacre (Greek: Οι σφαγές του Μεσόβουνου) refers to two massacres perpetrated by members of the Wehrmacht in the village of Mesovouno in Ptolemaida, Greece, during the Axis occupation of Greece, carried out on 23 October 1941 and 22 April 1944.

On 23 October 1941, the Wehrmacht soldiers gathered all men aged 16–69 years old, killed them with machine guns and set the houses on fire. In 1944 the village was razed by Nazi troops two days before the massacre of the village Pyrgoi in Ptolemaida. A total of 268 civilians were killed.

In the 1941 massacre, Mesovouno was part of a series of mass executions by the Nazis that took place from 17 to 28 of October, the rest being the executions of the inhabitants of the villages Kalokastro and Kerdylia in Serres, of Kleisto, Kidonia and Ambelofyto in Kilkis.

There are annual wakes in the village in memory of the victims, in which members of the Greek Parliament and the President of Greece officially participate.

Wake (ceremony)
A wake or visitation is a social gathering associated with death, held before a funeral. Traditionally, a wake involves family and friends keeping watch over the body of the dead person, usually in the home of the deceased. Some wakes are held at a funeral home or another convenient location. The wake or the viewing of the body is a part of death rituals in many cultures. It allows one last interaction with the dead, providing a time for the living to express their thoughts and feelings with the deceased. It highlights the idea that the loss is borne by the whole community and is a way of honoring the deceased member. The emotional tone of a wake is sometimes seen as more positive than a funeral due to the socially supportive atmosphere and the focus on the life rather than the death of the deceased.

In many cultures a reception is held to celebrate the life of the deceased after the funeral rather than before it.
Robinvale railway line
The Robinvale railway line is a freight only country railway line in north-western Victoria, Australia. The line branches from the Mildura line at Dunolly, and at Inglewood the Eaglehawk – Inglewood line connects with the Piangil line outside Bendigo. The parallel Kulwin line junctions from the Robinvale line at Korong Vale then continues northward.

Ultima, Victoria
Ultima is a town in the Rural City of Swan Hill, Victoria, Australia. The town is located 353 kilometres (219 mi) north-west of the state capital, Melbourne, and 35 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of Swan Hill. At the 2021 census, Ultima had a population of 173, down from 333 in 2011.
Sanhedrin Wilderness
The Sanhedrin Wilderness is a 10,666-acre (43.16 km2) wilderness within Mendocino National Forest in the North Coast region of Northern California. It was established in 2006 by the Northern California Coastal Wild Heritage Wilderness Act. The name derives from the Sanhedrin, a historical group of Jewish elders.

North Coast (California)
The North Coast of California (also called the Redwood Empire or the Redwood Coast in reference to the dense redwood forests throughout the region) is a region in Northern California that lies on the Pacific coast between San Francisco Bay and the Oregon border. It commonly includes Mendocino, Humboldt, and Del Norte counties and sometimes includes Lake and two counties from the San Francisco Bay Area, Marin and Sonoma.
Victoria cruziana
Victoria cruziana (Santa Cruz water lily, water platter, yrupe, synonym Victoria argentina Burmeist.) is a tropical species of flowering plant, of the Nymphaeaceae family of water lilies native to South America, primarily Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina and Paraguay.

Hermann Burmeister
Karl Hermann Konrad Burmeister (also known as Carlos Germán Conrado Burmeister) (15 January 1807 – 2 May 1892) was a German Argentine zoologist, entomologist, herpetologist, botanist, and coleopterologist. He served as a professor at the University of Halle, headed the museum there and published the Handbuch der Entomologie (1832–1855) before moving to Argentina where he worked until his death.
Dahlen (surname)
Dahlen is a Low German surname variation of Dahl originating in medieval Westphalia. Dahlen is also a common Scandinavian surname. The Swedish language spelling replaces the e with é, indicator of an integrated loan word. Dahlen is uncommon as a given name. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Dahlén (born 1982), Swedish footballer

Bill Dahlen (1870–1950), American baseball player

Carl Dahlén  (1770–1851), Swedish ballet dancer and choreographer

Jonathan Dahlen (born 1997), Swedish ice hockey player

Neal Dahlen (1940–2026), American football manager

Ulf Dahlén (born 1967), Swedish ice hockey player

Hermann, Freiherr Dahlen von Orlaburg (1828–1887), Austrian governor of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Hermann, Freiherr Dahlen von Orlaburg
Hermann Freiherr Dahlen von Orlaburg (10 January 1828 – 15 November 1887) was an Austrian administrator. He was the Austrian governor of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1881 to 1882.

He died in Vienna on 15 November 1887. He is buried at the Olšany Cemetery in Prague.
Lawrence Rocks
The Lawrence Rocks are a group of two rocky islets, 6.8 ha and 1.5 ha in area, with an associated reef, 2.4 km south-east of Point Danger in western Victoria, Australia, and about 6 km south-east of the city of Portland.  Geologically, the group is formed from the remnants of an extinct volcano, with the islets composed of basalt and tuff.

The islets were sighted by Lieutenant James Grant on 5 December 1800 from the survey brig HMS Lady Nelson and named
for Captain Effingham Lawrence, 
one of the Elder Brethren of Trinity House.

Islet
An islet (/ˈaɪlət/ EYE-lət) is generally a small island. Definitions vary and are not precise, but some suggest that an islet is a very small, often unnamed, island with little or no vegetation unable to support human habitation. It may be made of rock, sand and/or hard coral; may be permanent or tidal (i.e. surfaced reef or seamount); and may exist in the sea, lakes, rivers or any other sizeable bodies of water.
Stanisław Młodożeniec
Stanisław Młodożeniec (31 January 1895, Dobrocice – 21 January 1959, Warsaw) was a poet, and a founder of Polish futurism.

He was born to a well-to-do peasant family in 1895  in the village of Dobrocice, near Sandomierz. Captured in 1915 by the retreating Russian army, Młodożeniec was taken to Moscow where he attended the Collegium Gostomianum in order to avoid military service. After returning to Poland in 1918, he studied Polish literature at the Jagellonian University. Along with Tytus Czyżewski and Bruno Jasieński he founded the futurist club Katarynka, and participated in futurist activities. Between 1922 and 1939 he worked as a high school teacher and during the 1930s he became politically active in the peasants' party. After the war he lived in London, before returning in 1958 to Poland, where he died in 1959 in Warsaw.

Dobrocice
Dobrocice [dɔbrɔˈt͡ɕit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wilczyce, within Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Wilczyce, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Sandomierz, and 70 km (43 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
SWISS Conference
The Southern Wisconsin and Illinois Small Schools Conference, more commonly referred to as the SWISS Conference, is a former high school athletic conference. It was in existence from 1982 to 2006, and consisted primarily of private schools in southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois.

Athletic conference
An athletic conference is a collection of sports teams which play competitively against each other in a sports league. In many cases conferences are subdivided into smaller divisions, with the best teams competing at successively higher levels. Conferences often, but not always, include teams from a common geographic region.
Conemaugh Township Area School District
The Conemaugh Township Area School District covers the Borough of Benson and Conemaugh Township and the western portion of Paint Township in Somerset County, Pennsylvania. The district encompasses approximately 53 square miles. According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 7,694.

Conemaugh Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania
Conemaugh Township is a township in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 6,760 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Statistical Area. Conemaugh Township includes the towns of Jerome, Davidsville, Tire Hill, Thomas Mills, part of Holsopple, and surrounding countryside.
Vol. 4: The Redemption
Vol. 4: The Redemption is the fourth compilation album by American hip-hop record label Ruff Ryders Entertainment. It was released on July 26, 2005 via Artemis Records.

Production was handled by Mr. Devine, Swizz Beatz, Akon, Almighty, Antonio Simmons, DJ Green Lantern, Elite, Jelly Roll, LV, Neo Da Matrix, Notty, Scott Storch, SPK, Ike Dirty and Steve Skinner.

It features contributions from the L.O.X., Infa-Red, Kartoon, Cross, Flashy, DMX, Drag-On, Chocolate Ty, Snypah, Bunny Wailer, Pirate, Noreaga, Scarlett, Aja Smith, Akon, Cassidy, Jin, J-Hood, and LT.

The album debuted at number 40 on the Billboard 200, selling 24,949 copies in first week (total sold 43,318).

DJ Green Lantern
James Christopher D'Agostino (born July 7, 1975), professionally known as DJ Green Lantern, is an American hip hop DJ and producer from Rochester, New York. In 2002, D'Agostino was signed by American rapper Eminem, to become the official DJ for Shady Records, after DJ Head stepped down for undisclosed reasons.
Miami Supercops
Miami Supercops (Italian: Miami Supercops (I poliziotti dell'8ª strada)) is a 1985 Italian action comedy film starring the comedy team of Terence Hill and Bud Spencer. It was their final non-Western film together.

The film opens with a bank robbery in Detroit. Only one of the robbers was caught and imprisoned. Following his release, the man was found dead in Miami. Two FBI agents start working undercover as Miami police officers, in hope of locating the last surviving robber and his loot.

Bank robbery
Bank robbery is the criminal act of stealing from a bank, specifically while bank employees and customers are subjected to force, violence, or a threat of violence. This refers to robbery of a bank branch or teller, as opposed to other bank-owned property, such as a train, armored car, or (historically) stagecoach. It is a federal crime in the United States.

According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reporting Program, robbery is "the taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence or by putting the victim in fear." By contrast, burglary is "unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft."
National Park (band)
National Park is a Scottish band formed in 1997 in Glasgow. The band's music has been described as having some similarities to Velvet Underground, Galaxie 500, and Yo La Tengo "without sounding like anything else.""

Alasdair Roberts (musician)
Alasdair Roberts (born 8 August 1977) is a Scottish folk musician. He released a number of albums under the name Appendix Out and, following the 2001 album The Night Is Advancing, under his own name. Roberts is also known for his frequent collaborations with other musicians and writers, as well as for being a member of the folk supergroup The Furrow Collective.
Nauvoo Temple
The Nauvoo Temple was the second temple constructed by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. The church's first temple was completed in Kirtland, Ohio, United States, in 1836. In the winter of 1846, when the main body of the church was forced out of Nauvoo, the church attempted to sell the building, finally succeeding in 1848. The building was damaged by arson and a tornado before being demolished.

In 1937, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) reacquired the lot on which the original temple had stood. In 2000, the church began to build a temple on the same site with an exterior that is a replica of the original, but whose interior is laid out like a modern Latter-day Saint temple. On June 27, 2002, a date that coincided with the 158th anniversary of the death of Joseph and Hyrum Smith, the temple was dedicated by the LDS Church as the Nauvoo Illinois Temple.

Hyrum Smith
Hyrum Smith (February 9, 1800 – June 27, 1844) was an American religious leader in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, the original church of the Latter Day Saint movement. He was the older brother of the movement's founder, Joseph Smith, and was killed with his brother at Carthage Jail where they were being held awaiting trial.
Alta Mountain
Alta Mountain is a 6,275-foot (1,913-metre) mountain summit located in Kittitas County of Washington state. It is set within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness which is part of the Cascade Range. Alta Mountain is situated on land managed by Wenatchee National Forest. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Yakima River.

Lithosphere
A lithosphere is the rigid outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the lithospheric mantle, the topmost portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of up to thousands of years or more. The crust and upper mantle are distinguished on the basis of chemistry and mineralogy.
Francisco Zepeda González
Francisco Alberto Zepeda González (born 4 October 1969) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRI. He served as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Colima, and previously served in the Congress of Colima.

Colima
Colima, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Colima, is among the 31 states that make up the 32 federated entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima.

Colima is a small state of western Mexico on the central Pacific coast, and includes the four oceanic Revillagigedo Islands. Mainland Colima shares borders with the states of Jalisco and Michoacán. In addition to the capital city of Colima, the main cities are Manzanillo, Villa de Alvarez and Tecomán. Colima is the fourth smallest state in Mexico and has the smallest population, but has one of Mexico's highest standards of living and the lowest unemployment. It is also the state with the highest murder rate per capita and one of the highest crime rates, due to its ports being a contested area for cartels.
Banda Arkángel R-15
Banda Arkángel R-15 is a Regional Mexican band founded by Jesus Navarro in Las Varas, Nayarit in 1992. The band is one of the best known in the Technobanda genre. The R15 in the band's name represents a type of assault rifle commonly known in the banda mafia genre. Their record labels were Fonovisa (1990–1998), Sony BMG (1999–2003), and Caro Music (2006-).

Their best known hits include "Bailame Quebradito", "La Quebradita", "Goza mi cumbia", and "El Brinque y Brinque".

Sony BMG
Sony BMG Music Entertainment was an American record company owned as a 50–50 joint venture between Sony Corporation of America and Bertelsmann. The venture's successor, the revived Sony Music, is wholly owned by Sony, following their buyout of the remaining 50% held by Bertelsmann. BMG was instead rebuilt as BMG Rights Management on the basis of the remaining 200 artists.
Spencer Cemetery
Spencer Cemetery is a historic cemetery located at Cameron, Marshall County, West Virginia. The cemetery includes just one grave monument and two related headstones for John W. "Jack" Spencer (1841–1914) and his third wife, Eva "Effie" (Winters) Spencer (1866–1919). The eight foot-tall carved limestone marker is in the shape of two tree trunks with entwined branches.  It includes an engraved badge of the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Marshall County, West Virginia
Marshall County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, the population was 30,591. Its county seat is Moundsville. With its southern border at what would be a continuation of the Mason-Dixon line to the Ohio River, it forms the base of the Northern Panhandle of West Virginia.

Marshall County is part of the Wheeling metropolitan area.

Marshall County is home to the largest conical burial mound in North America, at Moundsville. Marshall County was formed in 1835 from Ohio County by act of the Virginia Assembly. In 1852, on Christmas Eve, workers completed the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's connection to the Ohio River at Rosby's Rock in Marshall County. It more recently became home to the New Vrindaban community of Hare Krishnas, and Prabhupada's Palace of Gold.
Portreeve, Saskatchewan
Portreeve is an unincorporated in the Rural Municipality of Clinworth No. 230, Saskatchewan, Canada. It previously held the status of village until December 31, 1972. The hamlet is located approximately 114 kilometres (71 mi) northwest of the city of Swift Current on Highway 32.

Swift Current
Swift Current is the sixth-largest city in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is situated along the Trans Canada Highway, 177 kilometres (110 mi) west of Moose Jaw, 223 kilometres (139 mi) east of Medicine Hat, Alberta, and 254 kilometres (158 mi) west of the provincial capital city, Regina. As of 2021, Swift Current has an estimated population of 16,750, a growth of 0.9% from the 2016 census population of 16,604. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Swift Current No. 137.
Nanda Kyaw
Nanda Kyaw (Burmese: နန္ဒကျော်; born 3 September 1996) is a Burmese professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Shan United and the Myanmar national team. He is the former captain of the Myanmar U-20 national team and played in the 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup. Nanda Kyaw won first runner-up of the 2013 MNL Youth League's Best Player Award.

Shan United F.C.
Shan United Football Club (Burmese: ရှမ်းယူနိုက်တက် အသင်း, pronounced [ʃán]) is a professional football club based in Taunggyi, Myanmar, representing the Shan State in the Myanmar National League. It had previously competed as an amateur club under the name Kanbawza, based in Yangon. The club had won 6 league titles (including one unbeaten title), 1 General Aung San Shield, 2 MNL Cups and 3 MFF Charity Cups. The club did not lose a single match in their 2022 season, winning 15 and drawing 3 times.
Irbit (river)
57°40′48″N 63°04′36″E﻿ / ﻿57.68000°N 63.07667°E﻿ / 57.68000; 63.07667

The Irbit (Russian: Ирбит) is a river in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia in the Tura River basin. It is a tributary of the Nitsa. It has its sources near the town of Sukhoy Log, which is on the Pyshma River and flows in a northeasterly direction between the Pyshma and Nitsa towards its mouth in the Nitsa at the town of Irbit.

Sverdlovsk Oblast
Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: Свердловская область, romanized: Sverdlovskaya oblast, [ʹsvʲɪrdˈlofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as "Sverdlovsk". Its population is 4,268,998 (according to the 2021 Census).
Raorchestes blandus
Roarchestes blandus or the Anamalai bush frog is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to India. Scientists have observed it in the Western Ghat mountains, between 45 and 806 meters above sea level.

This frog is found in evergreen forests at low to middle elevations. It lives in the understorey and seems to require that level of the forest to be intact. This frog breeds through direct development with no free-swimming tadpole stage.

Scientists classify this frog as critically endangered because its range covers only 859 square kilometers and because that area is still subject to degradation, especially for the establishment of rubber and arecanut plantations. Scientists have also observed morbidity due to the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis but have not confirmed mortality.

This frog's range includes two protected parks: Parambikulam Tiger Reserve and Anamalai Tiger Reserve.

Direct development
Direct development is a concept in biology.  It refers to forms of growth to adulthood that do not involve metamorphosis.  An animal undergoes direct development if the immature organism resembles a small adult rather than having a distinct larval form.  A frog that hatches out of its egg as a small frog undergoes direct development.  A frog that hatches out of its egg as a tadpole does not.

Direct development is the opposite of complete metamorphosis.  An animal undergoes complete metamorphosis if it becomes a non-moving thing, for example a pupa in a cocoon, between its larval and adult stages.
Roscrea Friary
Roscrea Friary (Irish: Mainistir na bProinsiasach) is a ruined medieval Franciscan friary and National Monument in Roscrea, County Tipperary, Ireland. It is on Abbey Street, in the west end of Roscrea, on the north bank of the River Bunnow. The Friary was founded in the 15th century by Greyfriars (Franciscans) and later destroyed by British soldiers. What remains are the north and east walls and the bell tower.

National monument (Ireland)
A national monument (Irish: séadchomhartha náisiúnta) in Ireland is a structure or site, the preservation of which has been deemed to be of national importance and therefore worthy of state protection. If the land adjoining the monument is essential to protect it, this land may also be protected.

Equivalent monuments in Northern Ireland are listed within the Northern Ireland Sites and Monuments Record and are either in state care or included within the list of scheduled monuments. They are under the protection of the Department for Communities.
Nikonov
Nikonov (Russian: Никонов) and Nikonova (Russian: Никонова) are masculine and feminine forms of a common Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Nikonov (1893–1937), a Soviet military leader

Gennadiy Nikonov (1950–2003), a Russian gun engineer

Pavel Nikonov (1930–2025), a Russian painter and graphic artist

Vadim Nikonov (b. 1948), a Soviet football player and coach

Vyacheslav Nikonov (b. 1956), a Russian political scientist

Yevgeny Nikonov (1920–1941), a Russian war hero

Angelina Nikonova (b. 1976), a Russian filmmaker, script writer and film producer

Elena Nikonova, a Russian pair skater

Matrona Nikonova (1881–1952), a canonized saint of the Russian Orthodox Church

Ry Nikonova (1942–2014), Russian artist, poet, and writer

Valentina Nikonova (b. 1952), a Soviet fencer

Yevgeniya Nikonova (b. 1970), a Russian basketball player

Elena Nikonova
Elena Olegovna Nikonova (Russian: Елена Олеговна Никонова), married surname: Prudsky, is a Russian former pair skater. With her skating partner, Nikolai Apter, she won silver at three senior international competitions – 1991 Skate America, 1991 Grand Prix International St. Gervais, and 1990 Skate Electric. As juniors, they won the gold medal at the 1988 Blue Swords.

Nikonova was born in Leningrad (Saint Petersburg). As of 2017, she is a figure skating coach based in Texas.
Trictenotoma
Trictenotoma is a genus of beetle in the Trictenotomidae family. They have scales covering the elytra that fluoresce under ultraviolet light. Based on similarities in the larval characteristics, the family is thought to be closely related to the Salpingidae.

Salpingidae
Salpingidae or  narrow-waisted bark beetles is a family of beetles in the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. The species are small, about 1.5 – 7 mm in length. The family is globally distributed and consists of about 45 genera and 300 species, which are generally found in the temperate regions of both hemispheres. The family is mainly associated with plants (both living and dead) as well as with ascomycete and hyphomycete fungi. Some members of the family are associated with unusual habitats, like Aegialites and Antarcticodomus, which are found in coastal areas including the intertidal zone, with former feeding on algae.