hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dugald Clerk
Sir Dugald Clerk (sometimes written as Dugald Clark) KBE, LLD FRS (1854, Glasgow – 1932, Ewhurst, Surrey) was a Scottish engineer who designed the world's first successful two-stroke engine
in 1878 and patented it in England in 1881. He was a graduate of Anderson's University in Glasgow (now the University of Strathclyde), and Yorkshire College, Leeds (now the University of Leeds). He formed the intellectual property firm with George Croydon Marks, called Marks & Clerk. He was knighted on 24 August 1917.

University of Strathclyde
The University of Strathclyde (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Shrath Chluaidh) is a public research university located in Glasgow, Scotland. Founded in 1796 as the Andersonian Institute, it is Glasgow's second-oldest university, having received its royal charter in 1964 as the first technological university in the United Kingdom. Taking its name from the historic Kingdom of Strathclyde, its combined enrolment of 25,000 undergraduate and graduate students ranks it Scotland's third-largest university, drawn with its staff from over 100 countries.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £430.6 million of which £119.5 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £440.1 million.
Cluny, Alberta
Cluny is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada within Wheatland County. It is 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of Highway 1 on a Canadian Pacific Kansas City railway line and Highway 843, approximately 87 kilometres (54 mi) southeast of Calgary. It has an elevation of 570 metres (1,870 ft).

The hamlet is in Census Division No. 5 and in the federal riding of Crowfoot.

The hamlet takes its name from the Parish of Cluny in Scotland.

Canadian Pacific Kansas City
Canadian Pacific Kansas City Limited, doing business as CPKC (known as Canadian Pacific Railway Limited until 2023), is a Canadian Class I freight railway, headquartered in Calgary. It operates about 32,000 kilometres (20,000 mi) of rail in Canada, Mexico, and the United States, and is the only single-line rail corporation ever to connect the three countries.
Piyush Anand
Piyush Anand (born 18 June 1968) is a 1991-batch Indian Police Service (IPS)  officer from the Uttar Pradesh cadre. Since 1 April 2024, he has served as the Director General of the National Disaster Response Force of India.

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
SAHANZ
SAHANZ ("Society of Architectural Historians, Australia and New Zealand") was founded in South Australia in 1984. It is a scholarly society for the advancement of research into the history of architecture, with a focus on New Zealand, Australia and the South Pacific. It holds an annual conference and produces a journal, Fabrications. The current President,  Flavia Marcello from Swinburne University of Technology, was elected to the role in 2023.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Egyptian Healy
John J. Healy (October 27, 1866 – March 16, 1899), nicknamed "Egyptian" and "Long John", was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball. Healy played for the St. Louis Maroons, Indianapolis Hoosiers, Washington Nationals, Chicago White Stockings, Toledo Maumees, Baltimore Orioles, and Louisville Colonels from 1885 to 1892. He was 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall and weighed 158 pounds (72 kg).

Louisville Colonels
The Louisville Colonels were a Major League Baseball team that played in the American Association (AA) throughout that league's ten-year existence from 1882 until 1891. They were known as the Louisville Eclipse from 1882 to 1884, and as the Louisville Colonels from 1885 to 1891; the latter name derived from the historic title of the Kentucky Colonel. After the AA folded in 1891, the Colonels joined the National League and played through the 1899 season.

"Colonels" was also the name of several minor league baseball teams that played in Louisville, Kentucky, in the 20th century.
Arthur Julian Andrew
Arthur Julian Andrew (1915, in Pictou County, Nova Scotia – 1994) was a Canadian diplomat. He was the Chargé d'Affaires a.i. to Austria and Czechoslovakia and the High Commissioner to Cyprus and the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Israel, Sweden and Greece. He was also an author of books about international relations.
Joyce Mowbray Sircom married Arthur Andrew in 1940. The couple had two daughters, Stephanie and Victoria. Joyce Andrew was one of the founding members of the External Affairs Wives Association (now the Foreign Service Community Association), a mutual aid group for families in the Foreign Service.

Pictou County
Pictou County is a county in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It was established in 1835, and was formerly a part of Halifax County from 1759 to 1835. It had a population of 43,657 people in 2021, a decline of 0.2 percent from 2016. Furthermore, its 2016 population is only 88.11% of the census population in 1991. It is the sixth most populous county in Nova Scotia.
Believe (The Jets album)
Believe is the fourth studio album by Tongan-American family band the Jets, released on July 8, 1989, by MCA Records.

It includes the singles "You Better Dance", "The Same Love", Somebody to Love Me", and "Under Any Moon". The album peaked at No. 107 on the Billboard 200.

Glenn Medeiros
Glenn Alan Medeiros (born June 24, 1970) is an American former singer best known for his 1987 George Benson cover, "Nothing's Gonna Change My Love for You", which reached No. 12 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and topped the charts in Canada and the United Kingdom. It also topped the charts in a further four countries in Europe. In 2009, the song was used in France in a television advert for Spontex sponges.

In 1988, he followed that single with "Un Roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason)", a duet with Elsa Lunghini which achieved huge success in France where it managed to top the chart for six consecutive weeks, and remained on the Top 50 chart for 25 weeks. In 1990, Medeiros also collaborated with R&B artist Bobby Brown for the hit "She Ain't Worth It", a certified-Gold US and international chart-topper.
Mira El Dannawi
Mira El Dannawi is an Australian politician and former early childhood teacher. She was appointed to the South Australian Legislative Council on 17 October 2023 to fill the vacancy left by Irene Pnevmatikos, who resigned due to ill health. A member of the Australian Labor Party, she is the first Muslim member of the South Australian parliament.

Prior to entering state politics, she was an early childhood teacher, and is the assistant director of the Modbury Community Children's Centre. She is a member of the United Workers Union and is reportedly aligned with the Left faction of the Australian Labor Party.

United Workers Union
The United Workers Union (UWU) is an Australian trade union. Described as the biggest blue-collar union in Australia, the UWU covers more than 150,000 workers within over 45 industries, including warehousing, defence, hospitality, health, disability support, early childhood education, aged care, logistics and supermarket supply, cleaning, security, farming, manufacturing, and market research. The union is the result of the 2019 merger of two Australian trade unions: United Voice and the National Union of Workers. The United Workers Union is a member of the Labor Left.

The union is unique in its structure, having only one centralised federal branch which is not separated into state branches.
Lee Soo-kyung (actress, born 1996)
Lee Soo-kyung (Korean: 이수경; born October 24, 1996) is a South Korean actress. She is the youngest two-time winner of the Baeksang Arts Awards for Best Supporting Actress with the films Heart Blackened (2017) and Miracle: Letters to the President (2021). She made her television debut in the series Hogu's Love in 2015 and starred in Adamas (2022) and Love in the Big City (2024).

Baeksang Arts Awards
The Baeksang Arts Awards (Korean: 백상예술대상), also known as the Paeksang Arts Awards, are awards for excellence in film, television and theatre in South Korea. The awards were introduced in 1965 by Chang Key-young, the founder of the newspaper Hankook Ilbo, whose art name was "Baeksang". It was established for the development of Korean popular culture and art and for enhancing the morale of artists. They are regarded as one of the most prestigious entertainment awards in South Korea.

Baeksang Arts Awards are annually presented at a ceremony organised by JoongAng Group in the second quarter of each year. Until 2021, it was organised by Ilgan Sports before its acquisition by eDaily, a subsidiary of KG Group. It is the only comprehensive awards ceremony in the country, recognising excellence in film, television and theatre.
Akoko
The Akoko Listenⓘare a large Yoruba cultural sub-group in the Northeastern part of Yorubaland. The area spans from Ondo State to Edo State in southwest Nigeria. The Akokos as a subgroup make up 20.3% of the population of Ondo State, and 5.7% of the population of Edo State. Out of the present 18 Local Government Councils it constitutes four; Akoko North-East, Akoko North-West, Akoko South-East and Akoko South-West, as well as the Akoko Edo LGA of Edo State. The Adekunle Ajasin University, a state owned university with a capacity for about 20,000 tertiary education students and more than 50 departments in seven faculties is located in Akungba-Akoko. A state specialist hospital is situated at Ikare Akoko, while community general hospitals are located in Oka-Akoko, Irun-Akoko and Ipe-Akoko.

Arigidi, a dialect cluster, is spoken in the LGAs of Akoko North East, Akoko North West, Ekiti East, and Ijumu.

Akoko language
North Akoko, usually abbreviated as Akoko and also known as Arigidi, is a dialect cluster spoken in Nigeria. It is a branch of the YEAI ("Yoruba–Edo–Akoko–Igbo") (YEAI) group of the Niger–Congo languages. It is spoken in the Akoko Edo, and the LGAs of Akoko North East, Akoko North West, Ekiti East, and Ijumu (Ethnologue).
Herbert L. Lewis
Herbert L. Lewis (Lefkovitz, Lefkowitz) (1898-1971) was an American journalist and newspaper editor. He was the editor of the St. Paul Pioneer Press (formerly the Dispatch) from 1949 to 1964 and a longtime contributor to the New York Times, who played a key role in transforming St. Paul into a model of good government.

St. Paul Pioneer Press
The St. Paul Pioneer Press is a newspaper based in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. It serves the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area. Circulation is heaviest in the east metro, including Ramsey, Dakota, and Washington counties, along with western Wisconsin, eastern Minnesota and Anoka County, Minnesota. The paper's main rival is the Star Tribune, based in neighboring Minneapolis. The Pioneer Press is owned by MediaNews Group, controlled by Alden Global Capital. It no longer includes "St. Paul" as part of its name in either its print or online edition, but its owner still lists the paper's name as the St. Paul Pioneer Press and the paper also calls itself the St. Paul Pioneer Press on its Facebook and Twitter pages. Its URL and digital presence is TwinCities.com.
Ares (missile)
The Ares was a proposed intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) derived from the Titan II missile. It was a single-stage rocket with a high-performance engine to increase the rocket's specific impulse. Both Aerojet and Rocketdyne carried out engine design studies for the project, but Ares was ultimately cancelled in favour of solid-fuel ICBMs, which were safer to store and could be launched with much less notice. The Ares missile series was canceled due to the inconvenience of using liquid fuel. Some reasons included extensive protection from corrosion  within the silos, as well as the liquid fuel propellant, ideally used in the proposed Ares missiles, being more expensive to maintain. Thus making the transition to use the Minuteman II missiles, that ran on solid fuel, easier because solid fuel was more reliable for sand was less expensive than previous projects.  Hence the cancellation of the Ares missile series.

Rocketdyne
Rocketdyne was an American rocket engine design and production company headquartered in Canoga Park, in the western San Fernando Valley of suburban Los Angeles, in southern California.

Rocketdyne was founded as a division of North American Aviation in 1955 and was later part of Rockwell International from 1967 until 1996 and Boeing from 1996 to 2005. In 2005, Boeing sold the Rocketdyne division to United Technologies Corporation, becoming Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne as part of Pratt & Whitney. In 2013, Rocketdyne was sold to GenCorp, Inc., which merged it with Aerojet to form Aerojet Rocketdyne. The space portion of Aerojet Rocketdyne will be spun off as a new company named "Rocketdyne" in the second half of 2026, following an acquisition from L3Harris by AE Industrial Partners.
2016 Morocco Tennis Tour – Meknes – Doubles
Kevin Krawietz and Maximilian Marterer were the defending champions but only Marterer chose to defend his title, partnering Nils Langer. Langer and Marterer withdrew in the first round.

Luca Margaroli and Mohamed Safwat won the title after defeating Pedro Martínez and Oriol Roca Batalla 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Kevin Krawietz
Kevin Krawietz (born 24 January 1992) is a German professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He achieved his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 5 on 10 February 2025. Krawietz has won twelve doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including the 2024 ATP Finals with Tim Pütz, becoming the first all-German pair to win the title. He is a two-time Grand Slam champion at the French Open in 2019 and 2020 with Andreas Mies.

Krawietz was also a finalist with Tim Pütz at the 2024 US Open and reached the mixed doubles semifinals at the 2021 Wimbledon Championships and at the 2022 French Open, partnering Květa Peschke and Nicole Melichar-Martinez respectively.

In singles, Krawietz reached his highest ranking of world No. 211 in December 2018. He has represented Germany in the Davis Cup since 2019, and also competed at the 2020 Olympic Games in men's and mixed doubles and 2024 Olympic Games in men's doubles.
Trevor Holder
Trevor Arthur Holder (born May 8, 1973) is a former Canadian politician. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1999 to 2024. At the time of his resignation, he was the longest serving member of the legislature.

A 1995 graduate of the University of New Brunswick in Saint John, he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science and history.

Department of Tourism, Heritage and Culture
The Department of Tourism, Heritage and Culture is a department of the government of New Brunswick.

It was created in 2001 as the Department of Tourism and Parks from the Business New Brunswick and Department of Investment and Exports. Its mandate promote the province's tourism industry and maintain its official provincial parks.

Its mandate was widely expanded in March 2012 when Premier David Alward restructured government. It was merged with the Department of Wellness, Culture and Sport to form the new Department of Culture, Tourism and Healthy-Living. This new department was short-lived however with it being split back up in October 2012 into the Department of Tourism, Heritage and Culture (which held the mandate of the former Department of Tourism and Parks as well as an oversight of community arts development and heritage programs) and a Department of Healthy and Inclusive Communities.
Shirley Shahan
Shirley Shahan (nicknamed the "Drag-On Lady") is a pioneering American woman drag racer.

Shahan in 1965 became the first woman to win an NHRA pro event. Her husband, H. L., prepared the cars she drove.

She became a member of the International Motorsports Hall of Fame and the Drag Racing Hall of Fame in 1997.

International Motorsports Hall of Fame
The International Motorsports Hall of Fame (IMHOF) is a hall of fame located adjacent to the 2.66 mi (4.28 km) Talladega Superspeedway (formerly Alabama International Motor Speedway) located in Talladega County, east central Alabama. It enshrines those who have contributed the most to motorsports either as a developer, driver, engineer, or owner.
Kaymakam Kürşat Ağca, Polateli
Kaymakam Kürşat Ağca, historically Mağaracık, is a neighbourhood of the town Polateli, Polateli District, Kilis Province, Turkey. Its population is 165 (2022).

In late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of 7 houses inhabited by Turks.

Martin Hartmann
Martin Hartmann (9 December 1851, Breslau – 5 December 1918, Berlin) was a German orientalist, who specialized in Islamic studies.

In 1875, he received his doctorate at the University of Leipzig as a student of Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer. From 1876 to 1887 he served as a dragoman at the German General Consulate in Beirut. From 1887 until his death in 1918 he taught classes at the Department of Oriental Languages in Berlin.

As a professor in Berlin he strove hard for the recognition of Islamic studies as an independent discipline. His numerous contributions to the field of Islamic studies were based on a sociological standpoint. Many of these works were published in the journal "Die Welt des Islams" (The World of Islam), a publication of the "Deutsche Gesellschaft für Islamkunde", an organization that Hartmann was a co-founder of in 1912.
Laminotomy
A laminotomy is an orthopaedic neurosurgical procedure that removes part of the lamina of a vertebral arch in order to relieve pressure in the vertebral canal. A laminotomy is less invasive than conventional vertebral column surgery techniques, such as laminectomy because it leaves more ligaments and muscles attached to the spinous process intact and it requires removing less bone from the vertebra. As a result, laminotomies typically have a faster recovery time and result in fewer postoperative complications. Nevertheless, possible risks can occur during or after the procedure like infection, hematomas, and dural tears. Laminotomies are commonly performed as treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis and herniated disks. MRI and CT scans are often used pre- and post surgery to determine if the procedure was successful.

Spinal nerve
A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body. In the human body there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, one on each side of the vertebral column. These are grouped into the corresponding cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal regions of the spine. There are eight pairs of cervical nerves, twelve pairs of thoracic nerves, five pairs of lumbar nerves, five pairs of sacral nerves, and one pair of coccygeal nerves. The spinal nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system.
September (2003 film)
September is a 2003 German drama film directed by Max Färberböck. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival. The subject matter is the effect of the September 11 attacks.

2003 Cannes Film Festival
The 56th Cannes Film Festival took place from 14 to 25 May 2003. French opera and theatre director, filmmaker, actor and producer Patrice Chéreau was the President of the Jury for the main competition. Monica Bellucci hosted the opening and closing ceremonies.

American filmmaker Gus Van Sant won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film Elephant, based on the Columbine High School massacre. Ingmar Bergman was awarded with the Honorary Palme d'Or for his contributions to cinema throughout his career.

The festival opened with Fanfan la Tulipe by Gérard Krawczyk, and closed with Charlie: The Life and Art of Charles Chaplin by Richard Schickel.
Kala Kendra Jammu
Kala Kendra Jammu   (Centre for Art)  is an autonomous multi-arts institution located in the city of Jammu, India. The centre was established by the Department of Culture, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, with the support of the Ministry of Culture, Government of India, and became fully functional in 2005.  Its core objective is the preservation, promotion, and dissemination of both visual and performing arts, with special attention to the rich artistic traditions of the region.

Ministry of Culture (India)
The Ministry of Culture is the Indian government ministry charged with preservation and promotion of art and culture of India.

Gajendra Singh Shekhawat is the current Minister of Culture. Recently the government has established the National Mission on Libraries India under this ministry.
Kévin Aymoz
Kévin Aymoz (French pronunciation: [ke.vin e.moz]; born 1 August 1997) is a French figure skater. He is the 2019–20 Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, an eight-time ISU Grand Prix medalist, and a six-time ISU Challenger Series medalist. Domestically, he is a seven-time French national champion (2017, 2019–2022, 2025–26).

Aymoz represented France at the 2022 and 2026 Winter Olympics, where he finished twelfth and eleventh respectively. He has placed as high as fourth at the World Championships (2023), and twice finished fourth at the European Championships (2019, 2023).

Master's de Patinage
The Master's de Patinage is an annual domestic French figure skating competition held in the autumn. Skaters compete in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance at the senior and junior levels.
Hendijan-class vessel
Hendijan (Persian: هندیجان, also known as MIG-S-4700) is a class of auxiliary ships operated by the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy. The first eight of this class were built by Dutch Damen Group, and the rest by Iran's Marine Industries Organization, Bandar Abbas. According to Jane's, ships of the class are tenders that are used for coastal surveillance and one of them is used as a training ship. IISS classifies all vessels as patrol boats.

Ship's tender
A ship's tender, usually referred to as a tender, is a boat or ship used to service or support other boats or ships. This is generally done by transporting people or supplies to and from shore or another ship.

A second and different meaning for "tender" is small boats carried by larger vessels, to be used either as lifeboats, or as transport to shore, or both.