hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marcin Bielski
Marcin Bielski (or Wolski; 1495 – 18 December 1575) was a Polish soldier, historian, chronicler, renaissance satirical poet, writer and translator. His son, Joachim Bielski, royal secretary to king Sigismund III Vasa, was also a historian and poet.

He was born of noble parentage on the patrimonial estate of Biała (whence the family name), Pajęczno County, in the Polish province of Sieradz. His alternate surname Wolski derives from his estate at Wola.

One of two Polish writers of the same name, he was the first to use the Polish language, hence his designation as the father of Polish prose.

Pajęczno County
Pajęczno County (Polish: powiat pajęczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pajęczno, which lies 78 kilometres (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Działoszyn, lying 10 km (6 mi) west of Pajęczno.

The county covers an area of 804.14 square kilometres (310.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 53,395, out of which the population of Pajęczno is 6,674, that of Działoszyn is 6,276, and the rural population is 40,445.
Vogtendorf Formation
The Vogtendorf Formation, in 2001 redefined from the older name Randschiefer-Serie by Sdzuy et al., is a geologic formation in Bavaria, Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Tremadocian stage of the Ordovician period.

Tremadocian
The Tremadocian is the lowest stage of Ordovician. Together with the later Floian Stage it forms the Lower Ordovician Epoch. The Tremadocian lasted from 486.85 to 477.1 million years ago. The base of the Tremadocian is defined as the first appearance of the conodont species Iapetognathus fluctivagus at the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) section on Newfoundland.
Chucal Formation
Chucal Formation (Spanish: Formación Chucal) is a volcano-sedimentary geological formation in the Andes of Arica y Parinacota Region in northernmost Chile. Sediments of the formation deposited sometime during the Miocene epoch (23 to 5 million years ago) and represent fluvial and lacustrine environments. It overlies Lupica Formation.

Volcano-sedimentary sequence
A volcano-sedimentary sequence is a stratigraphic sequence derived from the alternation and combination of volcanic and sedimentary events. The volcanic material of these sequences may include lava flows and tephra or reworked volcanic material, for example basaltic sand or pebbles.

Areas surrounding volcanic arcs are common settings for volcano-sedimentary sequences.
Howz-e Hafez
Howz-e Hafez (Persian: حوض حافظ, also Romanized as Ḩowẕ-e Ḩāfez̧, Ḩowz-e Ḩāfez̧, and Hauz-i-Hāfiz) is a village in Dokuheh Rural District, Seh Qaleh District, Sarayan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 20, in 4 families.

Sarayan County
Sarayan County (Persian: شهرستان سرایان) is in South Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Sarayan. Sarayan is in the north central part of the province. The county was a part of Ferdows County until May 2004.
1995 Metro Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1995 Metro Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 10–12 at Freedom Hall in Louisville, Kentucky.

Louisville defeated Southern Miss in the championship game, 78–64, to win their 11th Metro men's basketball tournament. The Cardinals received an automatic bid to the 1995 NCAA tournament.

This was the final Metro Conference men's basketball tournament, as five members of the Metro Conference and six members of the Great Midwest Conference joined to form Conference USA. The inaugural Conference USA men's basketball tournament was played March 7–9, 1996.

Metro Conference
The Metropolitan Collegiate Athletic Conference, popularly known as the Metro Conference, was an NCAA Division I athletics conference, so named because its six charter members were all in urban metropolitan areas, though its later members did not follow that pattern. The conference was centered in the Upper South with some strength in the Deep South. The conference never sponsored football, although most of its members throughout its history had Division I-A football programs (from 1983 to 1991, all Metro schools had independent football programs). In 1995, it merged with the Great Midwest Conference to form Conference USA. The merger was driven mainly by football, as several Metro Conference members had been successfully lured to larger conferences that sponsored the sport.

The conference was popularly known as the "Metro 6" during its first season, then as the "Metro 7" during the rest of the 1970s and early 1980s. For most of its existence, it was considered a "major" conference.
Rachel Latuff
Rachel Latuff (born March 2, 1991) is an American educator and beauty pageant titleholder from Minneapolis, Minnesota, who was crowned Miss Minnesota 2015. She competed for the Miss America 2016 title in September 2015.

Hastings, Minnesota
Hastings (/ˈheɪstɪŋz/ HAY-stings) is a city mostly in Dakota County, Minnesota, of which it is the county seat, with a portion in Washington County, Minnesota, United States. It is near the confluence of the Mississippi, Vermillion, and St. Croix Rivers. The population was 22,154 at the 2020 census. It is named for the first elected governor of Minnesota, Henry Hastings Sibley.

The advantages of Hastings's location that led to its original growth are that it is well-drained, provides a good riverboat port, and is close to a hydropower resource at the falls of the Vermillion River. Other sites closer to the river confluence are either too swampy (Dakota County) or too hilly (Washington County and Pierce County, Wisconsin).

U.S. Highway 61 and Minnesota State Highways 55 and 316 are three of Hastings's main routes.
1904 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 1904 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 16th staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.

Tullaroan won the championship after a 6–14 to 1–06 defeat of Piltown in the final. This was their eighth championship title overall and their first title in two championship seasons.

Tullaroan GAA
Tullaroan is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the village of Tullaroan in County Kilkenny, Ireland.  The club was founded in 1884 and is primarily concerned with the game of hurling.  Tullaroan is the most successful club in the history of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship.
Women in Albania
The first women's association in Albania was founded in 1909. Albanian women from the northern Gheg region resided within a conservative and patriarchal society. In such a traditional society, the women had subordinate roles in Gheg communities that believe in "male predominance". This is despite the arrival of democracy and the adoption of a free market economy in Albania, after the period under the communist Party of Labour. Traditional Gheg Albanian culture was based on the 500-year-old Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini, a traditional Gheg code of conduct, where the main role of women was to take care of the children and to take care of the home.

Party of Labour of Albania
The Party of Labour of Albania (Albanian: Partia e Punës e Shqipërisë, PPSh), was the ruling and sole legal party of Albania during the communist period (1944–1991). It was founded on 8 November 1941 as the Communist Party of Albania (Partia Komuniste e Shqipërisë, PKSh) but changed its name in 1948 following a recommendation by Joseph Stalin. The party dissolved on 13 June 1991 and refounded itself as the Socialist Party of Albania. For most of its existence, the party was dominated by its first leader, Enver Hoxha, who was also the dictator of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985.
Zimmerman (surname)
Zimmerman is a surname, a variant of the German Zimmermann, meaning "carpenter" (literally "room man").  The modern German terms for carpenter are Zimmerer, Tischler, or Schreiner, but Zimmermann is still used. It is also commonly associated with Ashkenazi Jews.

Zimmer in literal German means "room" or archaically a chamber within a structure; it is cognate with the English word "timber". The German mann means "man" or "worker". Combining the two German words, one gets "a worker of wood", or, literally translated, "room man" or "room worker".

At the 1990 United States census, it ranked as the 441st-most common surname. German names were regularly Anglicized with immigration. Surnames were often translated, so in this case, Zimmerman would become Carpenter.

Notable people and characters with the surname include:

Cognate
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and it often takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate.  It can also happen that words which appear similar, or identical, in different languages, are not cognate.

Cognates are distinguished from loanwords, where a word has been borrowed from another language.
Elton B. Stephens Expressway
The Elton B. Stephens Expressway, more commonly referred to locally as the Red Mountain Expressway, is a limited-access freeway serving as a north–south connection between Homewood and Mountain Brook south of Red Mountain with I-20/I-59 just to the northeast of downtown Birmingham. It was named for local businessman and philanthropist Elton Bryson Stephens, Sr., who chaired the Birmingham and Jefferson County Freeway and Expressway Committee. The expressway was largely built over the former path of 26th Street North and South. It runs through the Red Mountain Expressway Cut, designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987.

The freeway generally carries three lanes for travel in each direction and carries traffic for both U.S. Route 31 (US 31) and US 280. From its southern terminus to University Boulevard, the freeway is mostly at-grade. Between University Boulevard and its northern terminus, the freeway is elevated.

Homewood, Alabama
Homewood is a city in southeastern Jefferson County, Alabama, United States.  It is a suburb of Birmingham, located on the other side of Red Mountain due south of the city center. The population was 26,414 at the 2020 census.
Rainer Vassiljev
Rainer Vassiljev (born July 19, 1983) is an Estonian professional volleyball coach. He is a head coach of the Latvia men's national volleyball team. On club level he is the current head coach of Pärnu VK of the  Estonian Volleyball League and Baltic Men Volleyball League.

Latvia men's national volleyball team
The Latvia men's national volleyball team (Latvian: Latvijas vīriešu volejbola izlase) represents Latvia in international men's volleyball competitions and friendly matches. It is governed by the Latvian Volleyball Federation and takes part in international volleyball competitions.

The team was formed shortly after regaining full independence in 1991. The biggest achievement of the national team until 2020 was the qualification for the group stage of the 1995 Men's European Volleyball Championship in Greece.

In September 2020, the team qualified for the 2021 Men's European Volleyball Championship after beating Cyprus 3-0 and claiming the top spot in Qualifying Pool D, which came after a 26-year-long absence from the European championships.
Blenheim and Woodstock branch line
The Blenheim and Woodstock branch line was a 4-mile (6.4 km) railway branch line that linked Kidlington and Woodstock, Oxfordshire. It ran from Kidlington railway station parallel with the Cherwell Valley Line north to Shipton-on-Cherwell, where it turned west through Shipton-on-Cherwell Halt towards Blenheim and Woodstock.

Kidlington
Kidlington is a town in the Cherwell district of Oxfordshire, England (as of the 19th February 2026). In February 2026, Kidlington Parish Council voted unanimously to change its status from a village to a town.

It is situated between the River Cherwell and Oxford Canal, 5 miles (8 km) north of Oxford and 8 miles (13 km) south-west of Bicester. It had a population of 13,600 at the 2021 Census.
Staraya Belitsa, Kursk Oblast
Staraya Belitsa (Russian: Старая Белица) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') and the administrative center of Starobelitsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Konyshyovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  348 (2010 Census); 569 (2002 Census);

Konyshyovsky District
Konyshyovsky District (Russian: Конышёвский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-eight in Kursk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwestern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,135 square kilometers (438 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Konyshyovka. Population: 8,425 (2021 Census); 10,594 (2010 Census);  15,155 (2002 Census); 19,234 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Konyshyovka accounts for 42.7% of the district's total population.
Travolta Fever
Travolta Fever is a 1978 compilation album featuring songs by John Travolta and was released on the Midsong International label.  This 2-record set reached No. 161 on the U.S. albums chart in the same year that the soundtrack for Grease reached No. 1.

Midland International Records
Midland International Records (later Midsong International Records) was a US record label founded in 1974 by Eddie O'Loughlin and Bob Reno.

The label was best known for the hit records "Doctor's Orders" by Carol Douglas, "Fly, Robin, Fly" and "Get Up and Boogie" by Silver Convention, and "Let Her In" by John Travolta.
Sandra Levy
Sandra Elizabeth Levy (born 3 December 1965 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a former field hockey player, who represented Canada at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, Korea and the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. The Toronto, Ontario native ended up in seventh place with the Canadian National Team in Barcelona, after having finished in sixth place four years earlier in Seoul, South Korea.

York Lions
The York Lions is the official name for the athletic varsity teams that represent York University in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The university's varsity teams compete in the Ontario University Athletics conference of U Sports and, where applicable, in the east division. The Lions' logo features a red lion from the school's logo with the university's colours, red and white.

York's former teams were known as the York Yeomen and York Yeowomen, but changed their name to the gender-neutral Lions in 2003.
Jeffry Miranda
Jeffry Eyeri Miranda Miguel (born 3 September 2002) is a Honduran footballer currently playing as a forward for Marathón.

He made his professional debut on 17 April 2019 as a sixteen-year-old, scoring during a 6–0 win over Honduras Progreso.

C.D. Honduras Progreso
Club Deportivo Honduras Progreso (commonly referred to as Honduras Progreso or simply Honduras), is a Honduran football club based in El Progreso, Honduras. It was founded in 1965 and currently plays in the Honduran Liga Nacional.
Yan (Three Kingdoms)
Yan (Chinese: 燕) was a Chinese kingdom that existed from July 237 to September 238 CE in the Liaodong Peninsula during the Three Kingdoms period. Its predecessor was an independent regime ruled by Gongsun Du and his son Gongsun Kang from 190 to 237. Though it only claimed independence in 237, historians such as Wang Zhongshu and Hou Tao consider it to be a de facto independent regime from when Gongsun Du established his rule in Liaodong in 190. Although it existed during the Three Kingdoms period, it is not counted as one of the eponymous three kingdoms: Cao Wei, Shu Han, and Eastern Wu. Nevertheless, writers such as Kang Youwei consider it to be a "fourth country".

Gongsun Kang
Gongsun Kang (pronunciationⓘ; fl. 200s to 210s) was a Chinese military general, politician, and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty. He became a vassal of the state of Cao Wei in the early Three Kingdoms period.
Aylesworth (surname)
Aylesworth is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include the following:

Allen Bristol Aylesworth (1854–1952), Canadian lawyer and parliamentarian

Arthur Aylesworth (1883–1946), American actor

John Aylesworth (1928–2010), Canadian television producer and comedian

Michael Aylesworth (b. 1943), American politician

Reiko Aylesworth (b. 1972), American film and television actress

Wilbert Ross Aylesworth (1892–1973), Canadian politician, farmer and merchant

Wilbert Ross Aylesworth
Wilbert Ross Aylesworth (14 July 1892 – February 5, 1973) was a Canadian politician, farmer and merchant.

He was elected in 1940 as a Member of the National Government to the House of Commons of Canada to represent the riding of Frontenac—Addington. He was re-elected to the same riding in 1945 and 1949 as a Member of the Progressive Conservative. He lost when he ran in 1953 for the riding of Kingston. Prior to his federal political career, he was elected to Kingston Township, Ontario as councillor, reeve and deputy reeve between 1924 and 1940. He was also a councillor in Frontenac County, Ontario between 1926 and 1940.
Quaker gun
A Quaker gun is a deception tactic that was commonly used in warfare during the 18th and 19th centuries. Although resembling an actual cannon, the Quaker gun was simply a wooden log, usually painted black, used to deceive an enemy. Misleading the enemy as to the strength of an emplacement was an effective delaying tactic. The name derives from the Religious Society of Friends or "Quakers", who have traditionally held a religious opposition to war and violence in the Peace Testimony.

Testimony of peace
The testimony of peace (a.k.a. testimony for peace or testimony against war) is the action generally taken by members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) for peace and against participation in war. Like other Quaker testimonies, it is not a "belief", but a description of committed actions, in this case to promote peace, and refrain from and actively oppose participation in war. Quakers' original refusal to bear arms has been broadened to embrace protests and demonstrations in opposition to government policies of war and confrontations with others who bear arms, whatever the reason, in the support of peace and active nonviolence. Due to this core testimony, the Religious Society of Friends is considered one of the traditional peace churches.
1814 Ohio's 6th congressional district special election
A special election was held in Ohio's 6th congressional district on June 7, 1814, to fill a vacancy left by the resignation of Reasin Beall (DR) to accept an appointment to the Federal Land Office in Wooster, Ohio.

Ohio's 6th congressional district
Ohio's 6th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district which is represented by Representative Michael Rulli of the Republican Party. Rulli was elected to the seat after he defeated Democrat Michael Kripchak in the June 11, 2024 special election, caused by the resignation of incumbent Bill Johnson (R) on January 21, 2024.

This district runs along the eastern side of the state, bordering West Virginia and Pennsylvania. It stretches from Marietta through several Ohio River industrial towns all the way to the city of Youngstown.
Terbol
Terbol (Arabic: تربل), is a village located in the Zahlé District of the Beqaa Governorate in Lebanon.
The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) has a research station located in the village.

International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas
The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), a member of CGIAR, supported by the CGIAR Fund, is a non-profit agricultural research institute that aims to improve the livelihoods of the resource-poor across the world's dry areas.
Tancanhuitz de Santos
Tancanhuitz is a town and one of the 58 municipalities of the state of San Luis Potosí in central Mexico.  It is located in the southeastern part of the state, approximately 330 km (210 mi) from the city of San Luis Potosí. The municipality covers an area of 134.05 km2 (51.76 sq mi).

San Luis Potosí
San Luis Potosí, officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí, is one of the 32 states which compose the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 59 municipalities and is named after its capital city, San Luis Potosí.

It is located in eastern and central Mexico and is bordered by seven other Mexican states: Nuevo León to the north; Tamaulipas to the north-east; Veracruz to the east; Hidalgo, Querétaro and Guanajuato to the south; and Zacatecas to the north-west. In addition to the capital city, other major cities in the state include Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, Rioverde, and Tamazunchale.
Strake Jesuit College Preparatory
Strake Jesuit College Preparatory (properly referred to as Strake Jesuit or Jesuit but often informally called Strake) is a Jesuit, college-preparatory school for boys, grades 9–12, in the Chinatown area and in the Greater Sharpstown district of Houston, Texas, United States. It is near Alief.

With over 1,200 students, it is the largest Catholic high school in Houston. It has a full-time curator for its art collection; the City of Houston has classified the campus as an art museum. The school is located within the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston. It is one of only two private schools in Texas that are members of the University Interscholastic League (the other being Dallas Jesuit), which allows it to compete athletically against the largest public schools.

Archdiocese of Galveston–Houston
The Archdiocese of Galveston–Houston (Latin: Archidiœcesis Galvestoniensis–Houstoniensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the United States. The archdiocese covers a portion of Southeast Texas, and is the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province covering east Texas. The archdiocese was erected in 2004, having been a diocese since 1959 and the "Diocese of Galveston" since 1847. The mother church of the archdiocese is St. Mary Cathedral Basilica in Galveston; the co-cathedral is the Co-Cathedral of the Sacred Heart in Houston. The archbishop is Joe Vásquez.
United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas
The United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas (in case citations, W.D. Ark.) is a federal court in the Eighth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The District was established on March 3, 1851, with the division of the preceding United States District Court for the District of Arkansas into an Eastern  and Western district.

The U.S. Courthouse & Post Office in Texarkana is shared with the Eastern District of Texas, making it the sole federal courthouse located in two states and a location of two federal districts.

The United States Attorney's Office for the Western District of Arkansas represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of November 17, 2021, the current United States Attorney is David Clay Fowlkes.

El Dorado, Arkansas
El Dorado (locally /ɛl dʌˈreɪdoʊ/ el durr-AY-doh) is a city in and the county seat of Union County, on the southern border of Arkansas, United States. According to the 2020 census, the population of the city is 17,755.

El Dorado is headquarters of the Arkansas Oil and Gas Commission as well as Murphy USA, Deltic Timber Corporation and a DelekUS oil refinery. The city has a downtown arts district, the Murphy Arts District (MAD); a community college, South Arkansas College (SouthArk); and a multi-cultural arts center, South Arkansas Arts Center (SAAC). El Dorado is the population, cultural and business center of south central Arkansas.

The city was the heart of the 1920s oil boom in the area. During World War II, it became a center of the chemical industry, which still plays a part in the economy, as do oil and timber.