hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A Child of Sorrow
A Child of Sorrow is a 1921 novel by the Filipino author Zoilo Galang. It is considered the first Philippine novel written in English. Critics have suggested that the novel was heavily influenced by the sentimentalism of the Tagalog prose narratives of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Sentimentalism (literature)
As a literary mode, sentimentalism, the practice of being sentimental, and thus tending towards making emotions and feelings the basis of a person's actions and reactions, as opposed to reason, has been a recurring aspect of world literature. Sentimentalism includes a variety of aspects in literature, such as sentimental poetry, the sentimental novel, and the German sentimentalist music movement, Empfindsamkeit. European literary sentimentalism arose during the Age of Enlightenment, partly as a response to sentimentalism in philosophy. In eighteenth-century England, the sentimental novel was a major literary genre. The genre developed in England between 1730 and 1780 at the time of high enlightenment from where it spread to other European literatures. Its philosophical basis primarily came from Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury, a pupil of John Locke.
Discriminator
In computing, a discriminator is a field of characters designed to separate a certain element from others of the same identifier. As an example, suppose that a program must save two unique objects to memory, both of whose identifiers happen to be foo. To ensure the two objects are not conflated, the program may assign discriminators to the objects in the form of numbers; thus, foo (1) and foo (2) distinguish both objects named foo.

This has been adopted by programming languages as well as digital platforms for instant messaging and massively multiplayer online games.

Massively multiplayer online game
A massively multiplayer online (MMO) game, sometimes referred to as an MMOG, is an online video game with a large number of players to interact in the same online game world. MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although there are games that differ. These games can be found for most network-capable platforms, including the personal computer, video game console, or smartphones and other mobile devices.

MMOs can enable players to cooperate and compete with each other on a large scale, and sometimes to interact meaningfully with people around the world. They include a variety of gameplay types, representing many video game genres.
2006 Copa Indonesia
The 2006 Copa Indonesia was the second edition of Piala Indonesia, the nationwide football cup tournament in Indonesia, involving clubs from Premier Division, First Division and Second Division. The winner of the tournament qualified to play for 2007 AFC Champions League.

Arema Malang became champions after a victory over Persipura Jayapura in the final match at Gelora Delta Stadium, Sidoarjo.

Persipura Jayapura
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Jayapura, or Persipura, is an Indonesian professional football club based in Jayapura, Papua. The club was founded in 1963 and currently competes in the Championship.

One of the giants of modern football in Indonesia, Persipura has won numerous league and cup titles. The club is known for having a distinct playing style, which often showcases the individual abilities of players. Persipura is also known for producing great players from Papua such as Rully Nere, Jack Komboy, Eduard Ivakdalam, Boaz Solossa, Ian Louis Kabes, and Imanuel Wanggai.
Clarence Berry
Clarence Jesse Berry (1867–1930), known as C.J., was an American businessman and successful gold miner in the Klondike Gold Rush. He and his wife, Ethel Berry, made a further fortune in Ester, Alaska, in 1902, and founded several oil companies over the years, which eventually became Berry Corporation.

In Ester, Berry pioneered the use of the cold water point and the steam point, used to thaw frozen soil and permafrost in a safer manner for drift mining than boring shafts using hot rocks or underground fires, which rendered the excavations and tunnels far more susceptible to collapse. The Berrys operated No. 8 Below Discovery Claim.

Miner
A miner is a person who extracts ore, coal, chalk, clay, or other minerals from the earth through mining. There are two senses in which the term is used. In its narrowest sense, a miner is someone who works at the rock face; cutting, blasting, or otherwise working and removing the rock. In a broader sense, a "miner" is anyone working within a mine, not just a worker at the rock face.

Cave-ins, explosions, toxic air, and extreme temperatures are some of the most dangerous mining accidents. The overall long-term health effects of underground mining conditions is also a hazard. In some countries, miners lack social guarantees and in case of injury may be left to cope without assistance.

In regions with a long mining tradition, many communities have developed cultural traditions and aspects specific to the various regions, in the forms of particular equipment, symbolism, music, and the like.
Nunation
Nunation (Arabic: تَنوِين, tanwīn), in some Semitic languages such as Arabic, is the addition of one of three vowel diacritics (ḥarakāt) to a noun or adjective.

This is used to indicate the word ends in an alveolar nasal without the addition of the letter nūn. The noun phrase is fully declinable and syntactically unmarked for definiteness, identifiable in speech.

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Gerhard Koall
Gerhard "Knall" Koall (7 June 1912 – 27 April 1945) was a Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. Gerhard Koall was killed on 27 April 1945 after being hit by Soviet anti-aircraft fire near Anklam. During his career he was credited with 37 victories, 35 on the Eastern Front and 2 during the Invasion of Yugoslavia.

Gruppenkommandeur
Gruppenkommandeur is a Luftwaffe position (not rank), that is the equivalent of a commander of a group or wing in other air forces. A Gruppenkommandeur usually has the rank of Major or Oberstleutnant (Lieutenant Colonel), and commands a Gruppe, which is a sub-unit of a Geschwader. A Gruppe usually consists of three or four Staffeln (each of which is commanded by a Staffelkapitän).
Hanover High School
Hanover High School is the name of several secondary schools in the United States:

Hanover High School (Massachusetts) — Hanover, Massachusetts

Hanover High School (New Hampshire) — Hanover, New Hampshire

Hanover High School (Pennsylvania) — Hanover, Pennsylvania

Hanover High School (Mechanicsville, Virginia) — Mechanicsville, Virginia

Hanover Central Junior-Senior High School — Cedar Lake, Indiana

Hanover-Horton High School — Horton, Michigan

Hanover Junior-Senior High School — Colorado Springs, Colorado

Hanover Park High School — East Hanover, New Jersey

New Hanover High School — Wilmington, North Carolina

New Hanover High School
New Hanover High School is a high school in downtown Wilmington, North Carolina. New Hanover High is the oldest existing high school in Wilmington. It is a part of New Hanover County Schools.

New Hanover is the most diverse high school in New Hanover County. The school's ethnicity is 50% Caucasian, 43% African American, 5% Hispanic, and 2% of other ethnic classification. The school has an enrollment of 1,721 students and a staff of 930.
Anansi Boys (TV series)
Anansi Boys is an unreleased British fantasy miniseries created by Neil Gaiman, based on his 2005 novel of the same name. The series follows the two sons of the spider-god Anansi. The series was set to be released on Amazon Prime Video.

Cecilia Noble
Cecilia Angela Noble (born 11 June 1966) is an English actress who has appeared in various television series, films and on stage with a career spanning over thirty years. Some of her notable television roles include Beverley Jackson in The Bill (2004), Pauline in The Teacher (2022) and Barbara in Killing Eve (2022). Her notable theatre roles include Ruta Skadi in the play His Dark Materials (2003–2004) and Aunt Maggie in Nine Night (2018).
Fold of left vena cava
The fold of the left vena cava, ligament of the left vena cava, or vestigial fold of Marshall, is a triangular fold of the serous pericardium that lies between the left pulmonary artery and subjacent pulmonary vein.

It is formed by the folding of the serous layer over the remnant of the lower part of the left superior vena cava (duct of Cuvier), which becomes obliterated during fetal life, and remains as a fibrous band stretching from the highest left intercostal vein to the left atrium, where it is continuous with a small cardiac vein, the vein of the left atrium (oblique vein of Marshall), which opens into the coronary sinus.

Supreme intercostal vein
The supreme intercostal vein (highest intercostal vein) is a paired vein that drains the first intercostal space on its corresponding side.

It usually drains into the brachiocephalic vein. Alternatively, it drains into the superior intercostal vein, or the vertebral vein of its corresponding side.
Rafael Palomar
Rafael J. Palomar Acosta (born 19 July 1951) is a Mexican-American former basketball player. He was a longtime member of the Mexico national team, competing in the 1976 Summer Olympics and winning a bronze medal at the 1983 Pan American Games.

Palomar was inducted into the National Hispanic Hall of Fame in 1999, the Juárez Athletic Hall of Fame in 2008, the El Paso Athletic Hall of Fame in 2012, and the Chihuahua Athletic Hall of Fame in 2014.

1983 Pan American Games
The 1983 Pan American Games, officially known as the IX Pan American Games (Spanish: IX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Caracas 1983, were held in Caracas, Venezuela from August 14 to August 29, 1983. The games were the first major international competition to include relatively accurate steroid testing.
Sava Petrović (painter)
Sava Petrović (Serbian Cyrillic: Сава Петровић) (Jazvin, Banat, Austrian Empire, former Holy Roman Empire, 1788 – Timișoara, Austrian Empire, 9 June 1857) was a Serbian icon painter and portraitist. He was the father of international portraitist Pavel Petrović, the globetrotter.

He lived and worked in Temisvar but travelled whenever he received commissions to paint icons or portraits. His well-known works are portraits of Bishop Josif Putnik, done in 1830; Josif Rajačić, completed in 1850; and restoration work of a portrait of Bishop Sofronije Kirilović in 1846. Petrovic was a contemporary of icon painter Arsenije Teodorović and master carvers Arsenije and Aksentije Marković who worked in the Fenek Monastery.

Fenek Monastery
The Fenek Monastery (Serbian: Манастир Фенек, romanized: Manastir Fenek) is the male monastery in the eparchy of Srem of the Serbian Orthodox Church. The monastery is situated near the village of Jakovo, 25 km from Belgrade, former Municipality of Zemun and now Surčin. Although geographically it does not belong to Fruška gora there is a huge historical connection with Fruška gora monasteries. The monastery church was dedicated to St. Martyr Paraskeva (celebrated on 26 July, that is, 8 August according to the new calendar).
Greal (Llangollen)
The Greal (Llangollen) was a 19th-century Welsh-language periodical, first published by William Williams in Llangollen in 1852. Its editors included Baptist minister John Jones (Mathetes, 1821-1878), minister Abel Jones Parry (1833-1911) and minister Owen Davies (1840-1929). Its articles were aimed at members of the Baptist Church congregations. Many popular Welsh musicians and poets of the 19th Century, such as John Owen published regularly in this popular periodical.

Llangollen
Llangollen (Welsh: [ɬaŋˈɡɔɬɛn] ⓘ) is a town and community, situated on the River Dee, in Denbighshire, Wales. Its riverside location forms the edge of the Berwyn range, and the Dee Valley section of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, with the easternmost point of the Dee Valley Way being within the town. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 3,603.
Jamie Lee (comedian)
Jamie Amanda Lee (born March 15, 1983) is an American comedian, actress, and writer best known for Ted Lasso, Girl Code, Crashing, I Love..., Ridiculousness, and The Wedding Coach. She is the author of the 2016 book Weddiculous: An Unfiltered Guide to Being a Bride.

I Love...
I Love... is a British and American television and compilation album brand by the BBC and VH1, which looks back at a specific year in each episode. The programmes consist of celebrities and public figures discussing, reminiscing and commenting on the pop culture of the time i.e. films, fads, fashion, television, music, etc. that relate to the program's overall topic.
Mark Cavallin
Mark Cavallin (born October 20, 1971) is a Canadian-British former professional ice hockey goaltender.  He played in the British Ice Hockey Superleague for the London Knights, Belfast Giants and the Ayr Scottish Eagles. He also played in the German 2nd Bundesliga for the EC Bad Tölz and EV Regensburg.  He played for the Great Britain national ice hockey team in two World Championships.

Ice Hockey Superleague
The British Ice Hockey Superleague (BISL, also known as the Sekonda Ice Hockey Superleague from 1998 to 1999 for sponsorship reasons) was a professional ice hockey league in the United Kingdom between 1996 and 2003. Devised in 1995, it replaced the premier division of the British Hockey League at the end of 1995–1996 season; following the major reshuffle of the league and the split between the first and second tier divisions; with the British National League becoming the new second tier division. It was disbanded after the 2002–03 season and replaced by the Elite Ice Hockey League. Unlike its North American counterparts, the Superleague was not divided into conferences; teams competed in a single division.
1990 Orissa Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Orissa Legislative Assembly were held in February 1990 to elect members of the 147 constituencies in Orissa, India. The Janata Party won a majority of seats and Biju Patnaik was appointed as the Chief Minister of Odisha. The number of constituencies was set as 147 by the recommendation of the Delimitation Commission of India.

Odisha Legislative Assembly
The Odisha Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of the state of Odisha in India. The seat of the Legislative Assembly is at Bhubaneswar, the capital city. The Legislative Assembly comprises 147 Members of Legislative Assembly. Out of total 147 Assembly Constituencies of Odisha Legislative Assembly, 33 seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST) and 24 seats for the Scheduled Castes (SC).
Sanam Baloch
Sanam Baloch Hisbani or Jatoi (Urdu: صنم بلوچ, Sindhi: صنم بلوچ جتوئي‎) (born 14 July 1986) credited as Sanam Baloch  is a Pakistani actress and television presenter. She has hosted various television shows, such as Sanam Small Room on KTN and The Morning Show with Sanam Baloch on Samaa TV. As an actress, she has starred in critically acclaimed drama series, such as Dastaan (2010) and Durr-e-Shehwar (2012).

ARY News
ARY News HD (Urdu: ARY نیوز) is a Pakistani news channel launched on 26 September 2004 with the name "ARY One", the channel was later renamed to "ARY One World" until May 2009 when it was rebranded as "ARY News". A bilingual news channel in English and Urdu, it is a part of the ARY Digital Network, which is a subsidiary of ARY Group. ARY is an acronym of Abdul Razzak Yaqoob and Salman Iqbal, who was the owner of ARY Group. ARY head office located in Karachi, Pakistan.
Tocaloma, California
Tocaloma (Miwok: Tokoloma, meaning "salamander") is an unincorporated community in Marin County, California. It is located on the Northwestern Pacific Railroad 3 miles (4.8 km) east-southeast of Point Reyes Station, at an elevation of 75 feet (23 m). By vehicle, it is near the McIsaac's ranch on Sir Francis Drake Boulevard just east of the ascent  to the ridge before Olema.

A post office operated at Tocaloma from 1891 to 1919.

Point Reyes Station, California
Point Reyes Station (formerly Marin and Olema Station) is a small unincorporated town in western Marin County, California, United States. Point Reyes Station is located 13 miles (21 km) south-southeast of Tomales, at an elevation of 39 feet (12 m). Point Reyes Station is located along State Route 1 and is a gateway to the Point Reyes National Seashore, an extremely popular national preserve. The Point Reyes Station census-designated place (CDP) covers the unincorporated town and adjacent development to the north, with a total population of 895 as of the 2020 census.
Peter Kelly (cricketer)
Peter Charles Kelly (28 April 1942 – 11 October 2023) was an Australian cricketer. He played twenty-three first-class matches for New South Wales and Western Australia between 1962–63 and 1966–67.

A right-handed opening batsman, Kelly had an outstanding season for Western Australia in 1965–66, when he scored four centuries, including two in one match (119 and 108*) against the touring English team. Kelly died in October 2023, at the age of 81.

Century (cricket)
In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batter. The term is also included in "century partnership" which occurs when two batsmen add 100 runs to the team total when they are batting together. A century is regarded as a landmark score for batters and a player's number of centuries is generally recorded in their career statistics. Scoring a century is loosely equivalent in merit to a bowler taking a five-wicket haul, and is commonly referred to as a ton or hundred. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double (200–299 runs), triple (300–399 runs), and quadruple centuries (400–499 runs), and so on. Reaching 50 runs in an innings is known as a half-century.

Scoring a century at Lord's cricket ground in London earns the batter a place on the Lord's honours boards.
Pakistan–Qatar relations
Pakistan–Qatar relations refer to the bilateral links between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the State of Qatar. Pakistan has an embassy in Doha; Qatar maintains an embassy in Islamabad and a consulate-general in Karachi. Relations between the two are shaped by Pakistan's generally close relations with the Arab world. Like other nearby gulf states, there is a large Pakistani community in Qatar which numbers over 150 000. They work in diverse fields and send remittances each year. During the 2010 Pakistan floods, Qatar provided timely assistance to the country. After the British left, Pakistan originally called for the territory to be merged into with the Trucial States of the United Arab Emirates, with which it had recognized in the same year despite this however diplomatic relations between the two were established.

Trucial States
The Trucial States, also known as the Trucial Coast, or the Trucial Sheikhdoms, or Trucial Oman, was a group of tribal confederations in southeastern Arabia south of the Persian Gulf whose leaders had signed protective treaties with the British Empire between 1820 and 1892.

The Trucial States remained an informal British protectorate until the treaties were revoked on 1 December 1971. The following day, six of the sheikhdoms—Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain and Fujairah—formed the United Arab Emirates; the seventh, Ras Al Khaimah, joined on 10 February 1972.
Magnus Carlsen Chess Tour 2020
The 2020 Magnus Carlsen Chess Tour was a series of online chess tournaments featuring most of the world’s best players, playing for a prize money pool of US $1 million. The tour consisted of four super-tournaments (elite competitions), with the winners then playing in a Grand Final in August 2020.

Online chess
Online chess is chess that is played over the Internet, allowing players to play against each other. This was first done asynchronously through PLATO and email in the 1970s. In 1992, the Internet Chess Server facilitated live online play via telnet, and inspired several other telnet-based systems around the world. Web-based platforms became popular in the 2010s and grew considerably amid the COVID-19 pandemic, alongside a trend of livestreaming chess.
Scale of harmonics
The scale of harmonics is a musical scale based on the noded positions of the natural harmonics existing on a string. This musical scale is present on the guqin, regarded as one of the first string instruments with a musical scale. Most fret positions appearing on Non-Western string instruments (lutes) are equal to positions of this scale. Unexpectedly, these fret positions are actually the corresponding undertones of the overtones from the harmonic series. The distance from the nut to the fret is an integer number lower than the distance from the fret to the bridge (see: superparticular number).

Bridge (instrument)
A bridge is a device that supports the strings on a stringed musical instrument and transmits the vibration of those strings to another structural component of the instrument—typically a soundboard, such as the top of a guitar or violin—which transfers the sound to the surrounding air. Depending on the instrument, the bridge may be made of carved wood (violin family instruments, acoustic guitars and some jazz guitars), metal (electric guitars such as the Fender Telecaster) or other materials. The bridge supports the strings and holds them over the body of the instrument under tension.
Return of the Funker
Return of the Funker was a professional wrestling supercard event produced by Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW). It took place on February 25, 1995 from the ECW Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States. The commentator for the event was Joey Styles. Several of the bouts were broadcast on the February 28, March 7 and March 14 episodes of ECW Hardcore TV. The tag team match pitting Chris Benoit and Dean Malenko against Sabu and The Tazmaniac was featured on the 2001 Pioneer Entertainment compilation DVD Hardcore History.

The event was named for Terry Funk ("the Funker"), who returned to ECW at the end of the event having been absent since August 1994.

Card (sports)
In sports, a card lists the matches taking place in a title match combat-sport event. Cards include a main event match and the undercard listing the rest of the matches. The undercard may be divided into a midcard and a lower card, according to the perceived importance of the matches.  Promoters schedule matches to occur in ascending order of importance.