hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swimming at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre backstroke
The men's 100 metre backstroke event at the 1960 Olympic Games took place between 30 and 31 August. This swimming event used backstroke.  Because an Olympic-size swimming pool is 50 metres long, this race consisted of two lengths of the pool.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Abner Powell
Abner Charles Powell (December 15, 1860 – August 7, 1953) was an American Major League Baseball player Powell played for the Washington Nationals of the Union Association in 1884. He later played for the Baltimore Orioles and the Cincinnati Red Stockings in 1886. He also managed and owned several teams, and is best known for his innovations as a manager.

Union Association
The Union Association was an American professional baseball league which competed with Major League Baseball, lasting for just the 1884 season. St. Louis won the pennant and joined the National League the following season.

Seven of the twelve teams who were in the Association at some point during the season did not play a full schedule: four teams folded during the season and were replaced, while  Chicago moved to Pittsburgh in late August.
Hosianna Mantra
Hosianna Mantra is the third album by German band Popol Vuh. It was originally released in 1972 on the German record label Pilz. The album saw the band blend elements of Western classical music, Asian music, and space rock. For the release, bandleader Florian Fricke abandoned electronic synthesizers and instead employed acoustic instruments such as piano, oboe, and tambura. Prominently featured are Korean vocalist Djong Yun and electric guitarist Conny Veit.

Space rock
Space rock is a music genre characterized by loose and lengthy song structures centered on instrumental textures that typically produce a hypnotic, otherworldly sound. It may feature distorted and reverberation-laden guitars, minimal drumming, languid vocals, synthesizers, and lyrical themes of outer space and science fiction.

The genre emerged in late 1960s psychedelia and progressive rock bands such as Pink Floyd, Hawkwind, and Gong who explored a "cosmic" sound. Similar sounds were pursued in the early 1970s' West German kosmische Musik ("cosmic music") scene. By the 1980s and 1990s, the "drone-heavy" sound of Spacemen 3, spearheaded a revival of the genre which later influenced shoegaze and post-rock.
Jack Tingle
Robert Jackson Tingle (December 30, 1924 – September 22, 1958) was an American professional basketball player. He was the first player from Trimble County, Kentucky to go to the University of Kentucky on a scholarship for basketball. He was one of only seven UK players to make the all SEC team four years in a row. After graduation, he played two seasons in the NBA for the Washington Capitols and Minneapolis Lakers. After his NBA stint he coached basketball at Hiseville High School and was an engraver for the Louisville Courier-Journal newspaper.

Courier Journal
The Courier Journal, also known as the Louisville Courier Journal (and informally The C-J or The Courier), and called The Courier-Journal between November 8, 1868, and October 29, 2017, is a daily newspaper published in Louisville, Kentucky, and owned by USA Today Co., which bills it as "Part of the USA Today Network".

It is the newspaper with the highest number of recorded circulation in Kentucky. According to the 1999 Editor & Publisher International Yearbook, the paper is the 48th-largest daily paper in the United States.
Juan Ruiz de Medina
Juan Ruiz de Medina (died 30 January 1507) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Segovia (1502–1507), Bishop of Cartagena (1495–1502), Bishop of Badajoz (1493–1495), and Bishop of Astorga (1489–1493).

Catholic-Hierarchy.org
Catholic-Hierarchy.org is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Latin Church and the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches that are in full communion with Rome. The website, not officially sanctioned by the Church, is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in Kansas City.
Bubsy 3D: Bubsy Visits the James Turrell Retrospective
Bubsy 3D: Bubsy Visits the James Turrell Retrospective is a downloadable 3D platform video game developed and published by indie game developer Arcane Kids. Touted as an educational experience, it is a facetious spiritual successor to Bubsy 3D, an entry from the Bubsy series of video games, and was created as a tribute to the game for the Bubsy franchise's 20th anniversary. The game follows Bubsy Bobcat as he travels through a nightmarish scenario upon visiting the real-life retrospective tribute of postmodern artist James Turrell. It was released in autumn 2013 – shortly after the domain name for Bubsy 3D's official website had expired. In 2017, in addition to making a downloadable version of the game available due to the fading support of the browser version of Unity, a remastered version of the game was made available with high-definition graphics and a new epilogue following Bubsy reminiscing over the events of the game and meeting his older self.

Video game graphics
A variety of computer graphic techniques have been used to display video game content throughout the history of video games. The predominance of individual techniques have evolved over time, primarily due to hardware advances and restrictions such as the processing power of central or graphics processing units.
Ethiopia at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Ethiopia competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. The nation returned to the Olympic Games after a 12-year absence, having boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States and 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. Twenty competitors, fourteen men and six women, took part in eleven events in two sports.

Transitional Government of Ethiopia
The Transitional Government of Ethiopia (TGE) was an era established immediately after the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) seized power from the Marxist-Leninist People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) in 1991. During the transitional period, Meles Zenawi served as the president of the TGE while Tamrat Layne was prime minister. Among other major shifts in the country's political institutions, it was under the authority of the TGE that the realignment of provincial boundaries on the basis of ethnolinguistic identity occurred. The TGE was in power until 1995, when it transitioned into the reconstituted Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that remains today.
Christopher Beeny
Christopher Winton Beeny (7 July 1941 – 3 January 2020) was an English actor and dancer. He had a career as a child actor, but was best known for his work as the footman Edward Barnes on the 1970s television series Upstairs, Downstairs, as Billy Henshaw  in the sitcom In Loving Memory (Yorkshire Television), and as the incompetent debt collector and golfer Morton Beamish in Last of the Summer Wine.

Thora Hird
Dame Thora Hird (28 May 1911 – 15 March 2003) was an English actress. In a career spanning over 70 years, she appeared in more than 100 films, as well as many television roles, becoming a household name and a British institution.

Hird was a three-time winner of the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress, for Talking Heads: A Cream Cracker Under the Settee (1989), Talking Heads: Waiting for the Telegram (1999) and Lost for Words (2000). She also received a BAFTA Special Award in 1994. Her film credits included The Love Match (1955), The Entertainer (1960), A Kind of Loving (1962) and The Nightcomers (1971).
Ys I & II
Ys I & II (イースI・II, Īsu I II) is an action role-playing game compilation released by Hudson Soft for the PC Engine CD-ROM² in 1989 and by NEC for the TurboGrafx-CD in 1990. It consists of enhanced remakes of the first two Ys games by Nihon Falcom for the PC-8801 home computer in Japan. It was released as Ys Book I & II for the TurboGrafx-CD in North America in 1990, and was a pack-in title for the TurboDuo in 1992. Ys I & II was released on the Wii Virtual Console in Japan in October 2007, and worldwide the following year. A port to X68000 was released in 2021.

X68000
The X68000 (Japanese: エックス ろくまんはっせん, Hepburn: Ekkusu Rokuman Hassen) is a home computer created by Sharp Corporation. It was first released in 1987 and sold only in Japan.

The initial model has a 10 MHz Motorola 68000 CPU, 1 MB of RAM, and lacks a hard drive. The final model was released in 1993 with a 25 MHz Motorola 68030 CPU, 4 MB of RAM, and optional 80 MB SCSI hard drive. RAM in these systems is expandable to 12 MB, though most games and applications do not require more than 2 MB.

The X68000 has graphics hardware similar to arcade video games of the late-1980s, with custom coprocessors supporting scrolling, tiled backgrounds, and large numbers of sprites. Sound is supplied through multiple sound chips supporting 8 channels of FM synthesis and one channel of adaptive differential pulse-code modulation audio, which are mixed down to 2 analog stereo channels via a DAC chip. As such, video gaming was a major use of the X68000.
Coffey School of Aeronautics
The Coffey School of Aeronautics was a flight school at Harlem Airport in Oak Lawn, Illinois, founded by Cornelius Coffey and Willa Brown. Established in 1938, it was the first flight school owned and operated by African Americans in the United States. The school was one of only two non-collegiate institutions selected to participate in the federal Civilian Pilot Training Program (CPTP) for African American students, training over 200 pilots who went on to join the Tuskegee Airmen. The school closed in 1945 following the end of World War II.

Cornelius Coffey
Cornelius Robinson Coffey (September 6, 1903, Newport, Arkansas – March 2, 1994, Chicago, Illinois)
 was an American aviator. Alongside Willa Brown, he was the first African American to create a non-university-affiliated aeronautical school in the United States.
Newtown, South Carolina
Newtown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Dillon County, South Carolina, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census which listed a population of 770.

The CDP is in central Dillon County, on the south side of Dillon, the county seat. Development is continuous between the two communities.

South Carolina Highway 57 passes through Newtown, leading north into Dillon and southeast 10 miles (16 km) to Fork.

South Carolina Highway 57
South Carolina Highway 57 (SC 57) is a 25.9-mile-long (41.7 km) state highway in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of South Carolina. The highway travels in a southeast-northwest orientation from the unincorporated community of Fork northwest through Dillon to Little River and then curves northeasterly to the North Carolina state line, north of Little River, all completely within Dillon County.
Marshall County Courthouse (South Dakota)
The Marshall County Courthouse in Britton, in the state of South Dakota in the Midwestern United States, was built in 1908. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

It is a three-and-a-half-story building.  It replaced use of the former Arlington Hotel as county courthouse, and solidified the selection of Britton as the county seat of Marshall County.

Marshall County, South Dakota
Marshall County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,306. Its county seat is Britton. The county was created on May 2, 1885, and was named for Marshall Vincent, who homesteaded near Andover, South Dakota.
Neeleman
Neeleman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ad Neeleman (born 1964), Dutch linguist

David Neeleman (born 1959), Brazilian-American businessman

Hannah Neeleman, née Hannah Wright (born 1990), American social media personality and businesswoman

Mark Neeleman (born 1959), Dutch sailor

Stanley D. Neeleman (born 1943), American Mormon leader and lawyer

Wim Neeleman, Dutch curler and curling coach

David Neeleman
David Gary Neeleman (born October 16, 1959) is a Brazilian-American businessman and entrepreneur. He has founded five commercial airlines: Morris Air, WestJet, JetBlue Airways, Azul Brazilian Airlines, and Breeze Airways. Along with Humberto Pedrosa and Aigle Azur, he owned 45% of TAP Air Portugal. In 2017 he became a citizen of Cyprus.
Betty Tyson
Betty Tyson (June 29, 1948 – August 17, 2023) was a black woman known for her wrongful conviction in the murder of an American businessman in 1973. Tyson, who was 24 at the time of her arrest, spent 25 years in prison, becoming New York State's longest-serving female inmate until her release on May 28, 1998. Her case prompted allegations of police misconduct, coerced testimony, and the exposure of evidence fabrication by a detective, leading to her eventual exoneration. After her release, Tyson struggled financially but was known for her positive transformation in prison, where she found religion, earned a general equivalency diploma, and acquired various vocational skills. She is considered to be a symbol of the potential for miscarriages of justice within the American legal system.

Police misconduct
Police misconduct is inappropriate conduct and illegal actions taken by police officers in connection with their official duties. Types of misconduct include among others: sexual offences, coerced false confession, intimidation, false arrest, false imprisonment, falsification of evidence, spoliation of evidence, police perjury, witness tampering, police brutality, police corruption, racial profiling, unwarranted surveillance, unwarranted searches, and unwarranted seizure of property.
Areces government
Vicente Álvarez Areces formed the Areces government on 20 July 1999 after passing the investiture at the General Junta of the Principality of Asturias to form a government as a result of the Asturian Socialist Federation's victory at the 1999 regional election. Areces was nominated again in 2003 and 2007 for a second and third cabinet.

President of the Principality of Asturias
The President of the Principality of Asturias (Spanish: Presidente del Principado de Asturias; Asturian: Presidente del Principáu d'Asturies) is the head of government of the Spanish autonomous community of Asturias. The president is chosen by the General Junta of the Principality of Asturias, autonomous parliamentary institution.
Lydart
Lydart is a dispersed hamlet within the community of Mitchel Troy, Monmouthshire, Wales.  It is located about 3 miles (4.8 km) south-west of Monmouth, 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Trellech, and 1 mile (1.6 km) south-east of Mitchel Troy village, on the top of an escarpment which slopes steeply down to the valley of the River Trothy. The B4293 road passes through the area.

Monmouth
Monmouth (/ˈmɒnməθ/ MON-məth or /ˈmʌn-/ MUN-; Welsh: Trefynwy, lit. 'Town on the Monnow') is a market town and community in Monmouthshire, Wales, situated on where the River Monnow joins the River Wye, two miles (three kilometres) from the Wales–England border. The population in the 2011 census was 10,508, rising from 8,877 in 2001. Monmouth was the county town of historic Monmouthshire, although Abergavenny is the largest settlement and Monmouthshire County Council has its main offices at Rhadyr, just outside Usk. Monmouth is in the UK Parliament constituency of Monmouthshire and the Senedd constituency of Monmouth.

The town was the site of a small Roman fort, Blestium, and became established after the Normans built Monmouth Castle c. 1067. The medieval stone gated bridge is the only one of its type remaining in Britain. The castle later came into the possession of the House of Lancaster, and was the birthplace of King Henry V in 1386.
Shovi
Shovi (Georgian: შოვი) is a village in the Oni Municipality of Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti in Georgia. It is a mountain climatic and health resort known for its carbonated water, situated on the confluence of the Buba and Chanchakhi Rivers, left tributaries of the Rioni River. The village faces the main ridge of the Greater Caucasus to the north, and the Shoda-Kedela Range to the south.

A mudslide on August 3, 2023 coming down the Buba River destroyed much of the settlement, causing more than 200 people to be evacuated via airlift with 32 confirmed deaths and 1 missing person.

Greater Caucasus
The Greater Caucasus is the major mountain range of the Caucasus Mountains. It stretches for about 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) from west-northwest to east-southeast, from the Taman Peninsula of the Black Sea to the Absheron Peninsula of the Caspian Sea: from the Western Caucasus in the vicinity of Sochi on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea and reaching nearly to Baku on the Caspian.
Paul Hatfield
Paul Hatfield is the name of:

Paul Hatfield (Canadian politician) (1873–1935), Canadian politician, member of both Parliament and Senate

Paul G. Hatfield (1928–2000), American judge and Montana senator

Paul G. Hatfield
Paul Gerhart Hatfield (April 29, 1928 – July 3, 2000) was an American attorney, politician, and jurist. He served briefly as United States Senator from Montana in 1978, and then as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Montana.
BC Sakalai
BC Sakalai was a professional basketball club based in Vilnius, Lithuania, playing in the Lithuanian Basketball League and the Baltic Basketball League. They played their home games at the 1,000-seat Ekinstos laisvalaikio centras.

Sakalai means falcons in the Lithuanian language.

LKAL
LKAL - Lietuvos Krepšinio A Lyga (English: Lithuanian Basketball A League) was the second tier Lithuanian basketball league. It was established in 1994 and was active until it ceased to exist in the spring of 2005.

The newly created league named NKL, Nacionalinė Krepšinio Lyga (National Basketball League), replaced LKAL as the second tier Lithuanian basketball league.

The prime Lithuanian basketball league during the LKAL existence was and still is the Lietuvos krepšinio lyga (Lithuanian Basketball League).
Grąbnica
Grąbnica [ɡrɔmbˈnit͡sa] (German: Hundeberg) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ustronie Morskie, within Kołobrzeg County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) east of Ustronie Morskie, 15 km (9 mi) east of Kołobrzeg, and 119 km (74 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Kołobrzeg County
Kołobrzeg County (Polish: powiat kołobrzeski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is Kołobrzeg, which lies on the coast 106 kilometres (66 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. Its only other town is Gościno.

The county covers an area of 725.86 square kilometres (280.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population was 76,089, out of which the population of Kołobrzeg was 44,794 and the rural population was 31,295.
Ellen S. Berscheid
Ellen Patricia Saumer Berscheid (October 11, 1936 – May 22, 2025) was an American social psychologist who was a Regents professor at the University of Minnesota, where she earlier had earned her PhD in 1965. Berscheid conducted research on interpersonal relationships, emotions and moods, and social cognition. Berscheid wrote books, articles and other publications to contribute to the field of Social Psychology. She was involved in controversy surrounding the funding for her research on why people fall in love. In addition to her position at the University of Minnesota as a Psychology and Business professor, she also held a position at Pillsbury. She received awards for her contributions to social psychology, including The Presidential Citation and the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the American Psychological Association.

Berscheid died on May 22, 2025, at the age of 88.

William Proxmire
Edward William Proxmire (November 11, 1915 – December 15, 2005) was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a United States senator from Wisconsin from 1957 to 1989. He holds the record for being the longest-serving senator from Wisconsin.

Known as a political maverick and an aggressive critic of wasteful government spending, Proxmire invented and awarded the tongue-in-cheek Golden Fleece Award to appropriations he found particularly egregious. He was a member of the Senate Banking Committee, the Senate Appropriations Committee, and the Joint Economic Committee. On the Joint Economic Committee, he exposed numerous instances of wasteful spending on military programs such as the C-5 aircraft and the F-16 fighter, as well as other government programs such as the development of a supersonic transport airplane (SST).
Aundha Nagnath
Aundha Naganath is a town in  Hingoli district of Maharashtra State in India. The town is known for the Aundha Nagnath Temple, a Hindu temple. It is the 8th Jyotirling out of 12 that is dedicated to Shiva. The town is also known for the Siddheshwar Dam, which is about 15 km away from the city in the western direction. It is the proposed site for the LIGO-India Project, a planned gravitational wave detector that lies 12 km away from the town. After its scheduled completion in 2024, this research facility will be the fifth such facility after Hanford, Washington, Livingston, Louisiana in the USA, Virgo in Italy and KAGRA in Japan.

Livingston, Louisiana
Livingston is the parish seat of Livingston Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 1,877 as of the 2020 census.

Livingston hosts one of the two LIGO gravitational wave detector sites, the other one being located in Hanford, Washington.
Abakada alphabet
The Abakada alphabet was an "indigenized" Latin alphabet adopted for the Tagalog-based Wikang Pambansa (now Filipino) in 1939.

The alphabet, which contains 20 letters, was introduced in the grammar book developed by Lope K. Santos for the newly designated national language based on Tagalog. It was officially adopted by the then Institute of National Language (Filipino: Surian ng Wikang Pambansa) and the National Commission on Culture and the Arts (Filipino: Pambasang Komission Para sa Kultura at mga Pambasa).

The alphabet has since been superseded by the adoption of the Filipino alphabet (with an additional eight letters and repositioning of the letter K) in 1987.

Letter (alphabet)
In a writing system, a letter is a grapheme that generally corresponds to a phoneme—the smallest functional unit of speech—though there is rarely total one-to-one correspondence between the two. An alphabet is a writing system that uses letters.
Brunia trigyna
Brunia trigyna, the Pondoland ghost-bush, is a shrub or small tree belonging to the genus Brunia. The species is endemic to KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape. The species has a range of 100 km². This plant's numbers have been declining since the 1900s due to habitat destruction and by 1960 its numbers were critically low. One subpopulation has recently been discovered, currently there are only three subpopulations and the total number of plants is only 12. It occurs only at the Umtamvuna Nature Reserve and at Mkambati.

Umtamvuna Nature Reserve
The Umtamvuna Nature Reserve is situated in South Africa on the KwaZulu-Natal side of the Mtamvuna River, and is managed by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. The reserve is 3,257 hectares in extent and was established on 25 July 1971.