hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swiss Music Pedagogic Association
The Swiss Music Pedagogic Association (SMPA) (in German Schweizerischer Musikpädagogischer Verband (SMPV), in French Société Suisse de Pédagogie Musicale (SSPM), in Italian Società Svizzera di Pedagogia Musicale (SSPM), in Romansh Societad Svizra da Pedagogia Musicala (SSPM)) is the umbrella organisation of music educators, pedagogues and music teachers in Switzerland.

The SMPA has been founded in 1893 and nowadays has about 5000 members. It is divided in 21 sections (capital seat in Bern); acting chairman is Jakob Stämpfli.

Umbrella organization
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members.
Torentje van Drienerlo
The Torentje van Drienerlo (pronounced [ˈtoːrə(ɲ)tɕə vɑn ˈdrinərloː]; Dutch for "Drienerlo Steeple") is a 1979 artwork by Dutch artist Wim T. Schippers, located on the campus of the University of Twente in Enschede.

Enschede
Enschede (Dutch: [ˈɛnsxədeː] ⓘ; local Twents: Eanske [ˈɛːnskə]) is a city and municipality in the province of Overijssel and the Twente region of the eastern Netherlands. The east of the urban area reaches the border of the German city of Gronau.

Enschede began as a small settlement in the Middle Ages and was granted city rights in 1325. It grew as a regional centre for trade and agriculture before becoming a major hub of the textile industry in the 18th and 19th centuries. Until 1935, the municipality of Enschede consisted only of the city of Enschede, when the rural municipality of Lonneker, which surrounded the city, was annexed after the rapid industrial expansion of Enschede that began in the 1860s and involved the building of railways and the digging of the Twentekanaal.

Enschede is home to the football club FC Twente, a one-time Dutch champion; the University of Twente; Saxion University of Applied Sciences and the last Polaroid film factory.
Kudumbam Namukku Sreekovil
Kudumbam Namukku Sreekovil is a 1978 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Hariharan and produced by T. E. Vasudevan. The film stars Prem Nazir, Adoor Bhasi, Jose Prakash and Sankaradi in the lead roles. The film has musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy.

Sankaradi
Paravoor memana Kanakku Chembakaraman Parameswaran Chandrashekara Menon, better known by his screen name Sankaradi (14 July 1924 – 8 October 2001), was an Indian actor. He was a veteran Malayalam comedian and character artist, who had over 700 Malayalam films to his credit. He dominated the Malayalam film scene in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s as a comedian along with Adoor Bhasi and Bahadoor. Later, he switched to character roles.
Charlotte Public Schools
Charlotte Public Schools is a public school district in Eaton County, Michigan. It serves Charlotte, and parts of the townships of Benton, Brookfield, Carmel, Chester, Eaton, Eaton Rapids, Oneida, Roxand and Windsor.

Eaton County, Michigan
Eaton County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 109,175. The county seat is Charlotte. The county was organized in 1837 and was named for John Eaton, who was Secretary of War under U.S. President Andrew Jackson, making it one of Michigan's Cabinet counties. Eaton County is included in the Lansing-East Lansing, Metropolitan Statistical area in Central Michigan.
Howard Cox
Howard Cox is a British academic and Professor of International Business History at the University of Worcester. His research covers international business, industrial and corporate change, and the business history of various industries, including publishing, tobacco, alcoholic beverages, and food retailing.  He is a contributor to the History of Oxford University Press which will be published in 2016, and is an associate member of the Centre for Printing History and Culture (CPHC). His keynote lecture to the 2016 symposium of the CHPC was about the founder of John Bull, Horatio Bottomley and entitled "Horatio Bottomley and the Making of John Bull Magazine."

University of Worcester
The University of Worcester is a public research university, based in Worcester, England. With a history dating back to 1946, the university began awarding degrees in 1997 and was granted full university status in 2005.
Lawa River (Africa)
The Lawa River is a river in West Africa at 7°48′58″N 9°59′08″W﻿ / ﻿7.81623°N 9.98556°W﻿ / 7.81623; -9.98556. The river, which is approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) long, originates in eastern Guinea south of Macenta. The river flows southwest into Liberia, where it enters the Lofa River in Lofa County.

Lofa County
Lofa is a county in the northernmost portion of Liberia. One of 15 counties that constitute the first-level of administrative division in the nation, it has nine districts. Voinjama serves as the capital with the area of the county measuring 3,854 square miles (9,980 km2). As of the 2022 Census, it had a population of 367,376, making it Liberia's fourth most populous county.

Lofa's County Superintendent is William Tamba Kamba. The county is bordered by Bong County to the south and Gbarpolu County to the west. The northwestern parts of Lofa border the nation of Sierra Leone, and the northeastern parts border Guinea. Mount Wuteve, the highest mountain in Liberia, lies in the north-central part of the county.
Rybical
Rybical [rɨˈbit͡sal] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ryn, within Giżycko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 69 km (43 mi) south of Ryn, 69 km (43 mi) south-west of Giżycko, and 69 km (43 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Giżycko County
Giżycko County (Polish: powiat giżycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms of 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Giżycko, which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Ryn, lying 18 km (11 mi) south-west of Giżycko.

The county covers an area of 1,118.74 square kilometres (431.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 56,661, out of which the population of Giżycko is 29,335, that of Ryn is 2,851, and the rural population is 24,475.

Until 2002 Giżycko County also included the three gminas which now form Węgorzewo County.
Penrose criterion
In plasma physics, the Penrose criterion is a rule for the kinetic stability of a plasma with a given velocity-space distribution function. This criterion can be used to determine that all so-called "single-humped" distributions (those with a single maximum), are kinetically stable. It is not employed in accounting for the electric field. The criterion is named after Oliver Penrose who proposed it in 1960.

Space
Space is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions. Modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless four-dimensional continuum known as spacetime. The concept of space is considered to be of fundamental importance to an understanding of the physical universe. However, disagreement continues between philosophers over whether it is itself an entity, a relationship between entities, or part of a conceptual framework.

In the 19th and 20th centuries mathematicians began to examine geometries that are non-Euclidean, in which space is conceived as curved, rather than flat, as in the Euclidean space. According to Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, space around gravitational fields deviates from Euclidean space. Experimental tests of general relativity have confirmed that non-Euclidean geometries provide a better model for the shape of space.
McConnel (surname)
McConnel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Douglas McConnel (1893–1961), British Army officer

John McConnel (1806–1899), Australian pastoralist and politician

Mary McConnel (pioneer) (1824–1910), Scottish settler and hospital administrator

May Jordan McConnel (1860–1929), Australian trade unionist and suffragist

Michael McConnell (born 1942), one half of the first same-sex couple to be married legally with a license that was never revoked

Ursula McConnel (1888–1957), Australian anthropologist and ethnographer

William McConnel (1809–1902), English industrialist

Ursula McConnel
Ursula Hope McConnel (1888–1957) was a Queensland anthropologist and ethnographer best remembered for her work with, and the records she made of, the Wik Mungkan people of Cape York Peninsula.

First trained at University College London, then supervised by Professor Alfred Radcliffe-Brown in the Department of Anthropology, University of Sydney, McConnel was one of the first women to be trained in anthropology and then go out to observe Aboriginal Australians in remote areas, systematically documenting, recording, and describing their culture, mythology, beliefs, and way of life.
Southern grey shrike
The southern grey shrike is a former species of shrike that has been split or reassigned to the following:

some southern subspecies of the great grey shrike, Lanius excubitor

Iberian grey shrike, Lanius meridionalis

Steppe grey shrike, Lanius pallidirostris

Iberian grey shrike
The Iberian grey shrike (Lanius meridionalis) is a member of the shrike family. It is closely related to the great grey shrike, Lanius excubitor, and its plumage is generally similar to the great grey shrike apart from the differences noted below. The Iberian was previously considered conspecific with the great grey; where they co-occur, they do not interbreed and are separated by choice of habitat.
First Holt ministry
The First Holt Ministry (Liberal–Country Coalition) was the 41st ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 17th Prime Minister, Harold Holt. The First Holt ministry succeeded the Tenth Menzies ministry, which dissolved on 26 January 1966 following the retirement of former Prime Minister Sir Robert Menzies. The ministry was replaced by the Second Holt ministry on 14 December 1966 following the 1966 federal election.

As of 20 December 2020, Ian Sinclair is the last surviving member of the First Holt ministry; Sinclair is also the last surviving minister of the Menzies government, the Second Holt ministry, and the McEwen, Gorton, and McMahon governments, as well as the First Fraser ministry. James Forbes was the last surviving Liberal minister, and Allen Fairhall and Charles Barnes were the last surviving Liberal and Country Cabinet ministers respectively.

Allen Fairhall
Sir Allen Fairhall KBE FRSA (24 November 1909 – 3 November 2006) was an Australian politician who served in the House of Representatives from 1949 to 1969, representing the Liberal Party. He was a government minister under four prime ministers, most notably as Minister for Defence from 1966 to 1969.
Perla Ruth Albertsdóttir
Perla Ruth Albertsdóttir (born 21 September 1996) is an Icelandic handballer who plays for Icelandic top division side Selfoss and the Icelandic national team as a center back. Perla started playing handball at the age of 17 and within three years, she had been selected for the national team

In June 2019, Perla signed with Fram. Perla signed back with her hometown club Selfoss in June 2023.

Úrvalsdeild kvenna (handball)
Úrvalsdeild kvenna (English: Women's Premier League), also known as Olís deild kvenna for sponsorship reasons, is the highest women's handball competition among clubs in Iceland, where play determines the national champion. It is managed by the Icelandic Handball Association.

The current champions are Valur who won the national championship for the 20th time in 2025.
2025 Men's T20 World Cup Europe Regional Final
The 2025 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Europe Regional Final was a cricket tournament that formed part of the qualification process for the 2026 Men's T20 World Cup. It was held in the Netherlands in July 2025.

Netherlands won the tournament, while Italy qualified for a World Cup for the first time by clinching second place ahead of Jersey on net run-rate after the two teams finished level on points.

They will join England and Ireland as Europe's representatives at the 2026 T20 World Cup. England qualified directly as a top eight team from the previous edition, while Ireland qualified directly through ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings.

ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings
The ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings is an international Twenty20 cricket rankings system of the International Cricket Council. After every Twenty20 International (T20I) match, the two teams involved receive points based on a mathematical formula. The total of each team's points total is divided by the total number of matches to give a rating, and all teams are ranked on a table in order of rating. Teams need to have played at least eight T20I matches in the previous three to four years to remain in the rankings table.

World Champions India currently lead the ICC Men's T20I team rankings, a position they have held since 21 February 2022.
Rhombencephalosynapsis
Rhombencephalosynapsis is a rare genetic  brain abnormality of malformation of the cerebellum. The cerebellar vermis is either absent or only partially formed, and fusion is seen in varying degree between the cerebellar hemispheres, fusion of the middle cerebellar peduncles, and fusion of the dentate nuclei. Findings range from mild truncal ataxia, to severe cerebral palsy.

Rhombencephalosynapsis is a constantly found feature of Gomez-Lopez-Hernandez syndrome. One case of which has shown a co-occurrence with autism-spectrum disorder.

Truncal ataxia
Truncal ataxia (or trunk ataxia) is a wide-based "drunken sailor" gait characterized by uncertain starts and stops, lateral deviations and unequal steps. It is an instability of the trunk and often seen during sitting. It is most visible when shifting position or walking heel-to-toe.

As a result of this gait impairment, falling is a concern in patients with ataxia.

Truncal ataxia affects the muscles closer to the body such as the trunk, shoulder girdle and hip girdle. It is involved in gait stability.

Truncal ataxia is different from appendicular ataxia. Appendicular ataxia affects the movements of the arms and legs. It is caused by lesions of the cerebellar hemispheres.
Walther P99
The Walther P99 (German: [ˈvaltɐ]) is a semi-automatic pistol developed by the German company Carl Walther GmbH Sportwaffen of Ulm for law enforcement, security forces and the civilian shooting market.

Inch
The inch (symbol: in or ″) is a unit of length in the British Imperial and the United States customary systems of measurement. It is equal to ⁠1/36⁠ yard or ⁠1/12⁠ of a foot. Derived from the Roman uncia ("twelfth"), the word inch is also sometimes used to translate similar units in other measurement systems, usually understood as deriving from the width of the human thumb.

Standards for the exact length of an inch have varied in the past, but since the adoption of the international yard during the 1950s and 1960s the inch has been based on the metric system and defined as exactly 25.4 mm.
Wernigerode (district)
Wernigerode was a district (Kreis) in the west of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The neighboring districts were (from north clockwise) Halberstadt, Quedlinburg, the district Nordhausen in Thuringia and the district Goslar in Lower Saxony. On 1 July 2007, during the district reform in Saxony-Anhalt it became part of the new district of Harz.

Goslar (district)
Goslar (German pronunciation: [ˈɡɔslaʁ]) is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Göttingen, Northeim, Hildesheim and Wolfenbüttel, the city of Salzgitter, and by the states of Saxony-Anhalt (district of Harz) and Thuringia (Nordhausen).
LNB Pro A Best Scorer
The LNB Pro A Best Scorer, or Top Scorer, is the best scorer of the season award, of the top-tier level men's professional club basketball league in France, the LNB Pro A. In basketball, points are the sum of the score accumulated through free throws or field goals. The LNB Pro A's scoring title is awarded to the player with the highest points per game average in a given regular season. Before the 1976–77 season, the league's Top Scorer was the player who scored the most total points in the league during the season. Since the 1976–77 season, the league's Top Scorer is the player with the highest scoring average per game during the season.

Free throw
In basketball, free throws or foul shots are unopposed attempts to score points by shooting from behind the free-throw line (informally known as the foul line or the charity stripe), a line situated at the end of the restricted area. Free throws are generally awarded after a foul on the shooter by the opposing team, analogous to penalty shots in other team sports. Free throws are also awarded in other situations, including technical fouls, and when the fouling team has entered the bonus/penalty situation (after a team commits a requisite number of fouls, each subsequent foul results in free throws regardless of the type of foul committed). Also, depending on the situation, a player may be awarded between one and three free throws. Each successful free throw is worth one point.
Wheelchair fencing at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Men's épée B
The men's épée category B fencing competition at the 2012 Summer Paralympics was held on 5 September 2012 at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre in London. This class was for athletes who had good trunk control and their fencing arm was not affected by their impairment.

Excel London
Excel London (formerly styled as ExCeL, an abbreviation for Exhibition Centre London) is an international exhibition and convention centre in the Custom House area of Newham, East London. The facility is situated on a 100-acre (0.40 km2) site on the northern quay of the Royal Victoria Dock in London Docklands, located between Canary Wharf and London City Airport.
2000 Nottingham Open – Doubles
Patrick Galbraith and Justin Gimelstob were the defending champions, but did not partner together this year.  Galbraith partnered Brian MacPhie, losing in the quarterfinals.  Gimelstob partnered Jared Palmer, losing in the first round.

Donald Johnson and Piet Norval won the title, defeating Ellis Ferreira and Rick Leach 1–6, 6–4, 6–3 in the final.

Donald Johnson
Donald James Johnson (born September 9, 1968) is an American former professional tennis player who reached the World No. 1 doubles ranking in 2002. Although born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, he was raised and learned the sport of tennis in the Pittsburgh suburb of Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania. Johnson attended Fairview High School in Erie, Pennsylvania, and won the PIAA State Singles Championship in 1984. During his career, he won the Wimbledon men's doubles title in 2001 (partnering Jared Palmer), and the Wimbledon mixed doubles title in 2000 (partnering Kimberly Po). He also won the doubles title at the Tennis Masters Cup in 2000 (partnering Piet Norval). He won a total of 23 top-level doubles titles.

Prior to turning professional, Johnson played collegiate tennis for the University of North Carolina from 1987 to 1991. As a youngster, he earned the Sportsmanship Award at the USTA National Junior Championships in 1986.
Beguiled
Beguiled or The Beguiled can refer to:

To be subject to deception

To be subject to charisma

The Beguiled (novel), a 1966 novel about the American civil war by Thomas P. Cullinan
The Beguiled (1971 film), adaptation by Don Siegel
The Beguiled (2017 film), adaptation by Sofia Coppola

"Beguiled", a 2022 song by The Smashing Pumpkins

Beguiled (song)
"Beguiled" is a song by the American alternative rock band The Smashing Pumpkins. It was released as the first single from their twelfth studio album, Atum: A Rock Opera in Three Acts on September 20, 2022. The song debuted with a live music video premiering on TikTok directed by Linda Strawberry. The single was released digitally to streaming services the following day.

The song reached number seven on the Billboard Rock Airplay chart, the band's first top ten hit since "Tarantula" in 2007. In January 2023, the song peaked at number 12 on Billboard's Alternative Airplay chart. "Beguiled" was performed live for the first time on September 20, 2022 at the Metro, Chicago. The song was performed by the band on The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon on September 23, 2022.
Hristina Vuković
Hristina Vuković (Serbian Cyrillic: Христина Вуковић), known mononymously  as Hristina, is a Serbian singer, songwriter and psychologist.

Hristina was born in Belgrade where she lives and works. Her parents are originally from Montenegro. She graduated with a degree in psychology. She participated in the music competition X Factor Adria, and released her first single "Deep Waters" in 2014 shortly after. She is a backing vocalist in Željko Joksimović's band. According to the assessment of the Milan Mladenović Foundation in 2019, Vuković's song "Kazaljka" was among the 12 best original compositions in the territory of the former Yugoslavia.

In 2023, she released her debut album Bedem, published by PGP-RTS and promoted at the Studio 6 of Radio Belgrade. With the song of the same name, she was announced among the participants of Pesma za Evroviziju '24, the Serbian national final for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024. The song qualified for the final.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
Federico Ling Altamirano
Héctor Federico Ling Altamirano (8 February 1939 – 23 April 2014) was a Mexican engineer, diplomat and politician affiliated with the National Action Party. He served as Senator of the LVIII and LIX Legislatures of the Mexican Congress representing the Federal District, as Deputy during the LI and LIII Legislatures and as Ambassador of Mexico to the Holy See between 2009 and 2013. He also served in the LVIII Legislature of the Congress of Durango.

Congress of Durango
The Congress of the State of Durango (Spanish: Congreso del Estado de Durango) is the unicameral legislative branch of the government of the Mexican State of Durango. The Congress is the governmental deliberative body of Durango, which is equal to, and independent of, the executive.

The Congress is unicameral and consists of 25 deputies. Deputies are elected to serve for a three-year term.

The Congress convenes in Durango City, the capital city of the state of Durango.