hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Črešnjevec, Slovenska Bistrica
Črešnjevec (pronounced [ˈtʃɾeːʃnjɛʋəts]; German: Kerschbach) is a village in the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. It lies southeast of the town of Slovenska Bistrica itself. The railway line from Ljubljana to Maribor runs through a tunnel near the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.

The local parish church is dedicated to Saint Michael and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was originally a Romanesque building. It was greatly rebuilt in 1374, but some of the original structure survives in the walls of the nave. It was restyled in the Baroque in the 18th century.

Maribor
Maribor (UK: /ˈmærɪbɔːr/ MARR-ib-or, US: /ˈmɑːr-/ MAR-, Slovene: [ˈmáːɾibɔɾ] ⓘ; also known by other historical names) is the second-largest city in Slovenia and the largest city of the traditional region of Lower Styria. It is the seat of the Urban Municipality of Maribor and the Drava Statistical Region. Maribor is also the economic, administrative, educational, and cultural centre of eastern Slovenia.

Maribor was first mentioned as a castle in 1164, as a settlement in 1209, and as a city in 1254. Like most Slovene ethnic territory, Maribor was under Habsburg rule until 1918, when Rudolf Maister and his men secured the city for the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, which then joined the Kingdom of Serbia to form the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In 1991 Maribor became part of independent Slovenia.

Maribor, along with the Portuguese city of Guimarães, was selected as the European Capital of Culture for 2012.
His Shadow
"His Shadow" (Welsh: Ei Gysgod) is a poem in the form of a cywydd by the 14th-century bard Dafydd ap Gwilym, widely considered the greatest of the Welsh poets.  It relates a conversation in which the poet defends his character from the insinuations of his own shadow, and it parodies a popular medieval genre in which the Soul remonstrates with the Body.  It has been argued that "His Shadow" was written towards the end of Daydd's poetic career.  It was accepted in the 2007 edition of Dafydd ap Gwilym's poems by Dafydd Johnston et al. as a genuine work of his; previously, Thomas Parry had included it in his 1952 edition of Dafydd's works and in his Oxford Book of Welsh Verse (1962) as genuine, though in 1985 he expressed some doubts as to Dafydd's authorship.

The Oxford Book of Welsh Verse
The Oxford Book of Welsh Verse (1962), edited by Thomas Parry, is an anthology of Welsh-language poetry stretching from Aneirin in the 6th century to Bobi Jones in the 20th.  No translations of the poems are provided, but the introduction and notes are in English.  It was the first anthology to give the reader a thorough idea of Welsh poetry in its entirety through 1400 years, containing as it does 370 poems, of which 59 cannot be securely attributed while the rest are the work of 146 named poets.  It went through eight editions in its first 21 years, and was supplemented in 1977 by the publication of Gwyn Jones's Oxford Book of Welsh Verse in English.
USS Guinevere (SP-512)
The first USS Guinevere (SP-512) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918.

Guinevere was built in 1908 as a private steam and sail yacht of the same name by George Lawley & Son at Neponset, Massachusetts. On 10 June 1917, the U.S. Navy acquired her from her owner, Edgar Palmer of New York City, for use as a section patrol vessel during World War I. She was commissioned as USS Guinevere (SP-512) on 20 July 1917.

Guinevere departed Coaling Station Newport at Newport, Rhode Island, on 1 August 1917 bound for St. John's, Dominion of Newfoundland; the Azores; and Brest, France. Arriving at Brest on 29 August 1917, she commenced patrols of the French coast and began escorting convoys to Quiberon, Ushant, Lorient, and St. Nazaire, France.

Guinevere ran aground and was wrecked off the French coast on 26 January 1918 with no loss of life. Her wreck was sold for scrapping to the French firm Societe Americaine de Sauvetage on 30 June 1919.

Ushant
Ushant (/ˈʌʃənt/; Breton: Eusa, pronounced [ˈøsa]; French: Ouessant, pronounced [wɛsɑ̃]) is a French island at the southwestern end of the English Channel which marks the westernmost point of metropolitan France. It belongs to Brittany and in medieval times, Léon. In lower tiers of government, it is a commune in the Finistère department. It is the only place in Brittany, save for Brittany itself, with a separate name in English.
Carol Tyler
Carol Tyler (born November 20, 1951) is an American painter, educator, comedian, and eleven-time Eisner Award-nominated cartoonist known for her autobiographical comics. She has received multiple honors for her work including the Cartoonist Studio Prize, the Ohio Arts Council Excellence Award, and was declared a Master Cartoonist at the 2016 Cartoon Crossroads Columbus Festival at the Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum.

In 2026, Carol Tyler was a Judge's Choice inductee into the Will Eisner Hall of Fame.

Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum
The Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum is a research library of American cartoons and comic art affiliated with the Ohio State University library system in Columbus, Ohio. Formerly known as the Cartoon Research Library and the Cartoon Library & Museum, it holds the world's largest and most comprehensive academic research facility documenting and displaying original and printed comic strips, editorial cartoons, and cartoon art. The museum is named after the Ohio cartoonist Billy Ireland.

Covering comic books, daily strips, Sunday strips, editorial cartoons, graphic novels, magazine cartoons, and sports cartoons, the collection includes 450,000 original cartoons, 36,000 books, 51,000 serial titles, and 3,000 feet (910 m) of manuscript materials, plus 2.5 million comic strip clippings and tear sheets.
Crediton Hamlets
Crediton Hamlets is a civil parish in Mid Devon in the English county of Devon.  It has a population of 1,307. The largest centre of population is Yeoford, and it extends southwards and westwards from the town of Crediton, which is a separate civil parish.

Crediton
Crediton /ˈkrɛdɪtən/ ⓘ is a town and civil parish in the Mid Devon district of Devon, England. It stands on the A377 Exeter to Barnstaple road at the junction with the A3072 road to Tiverton, 7 miles (11 km) north west of Exeter and 14 miles (23 km) from the M5 motorway. It has a population of 21,990.

The town is in the narrow vale of the River Creedy, between two steep hills and is divided into two parts, the north or old town and the south and east or new town.
Glycidyl methacrylate
Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) is an ester of methacrylic acid and glycidol. Containing both an epoxide and an acrylate group, the molecule is bifunctional. It is a common monomer used in the production of epoxy resins. While typical home epoxies contain diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA),  glycidyl methacrylate is instead used to provide epoxy functionalization to polyolefins and other acrylate resins. Glycidyl methacrylate is produced by several companies worldwide, including Dow Chemical.  It is used to prepare a range of composites.

Functionalized polyolefins
Functionalized polyolefins are olefin polymers with polar and nonpolar functionalities attached onto the polymer backbone. There has been an increased interest in functionalizing polyolefins due to their increased usage in everyday life. Polyolefins are virtually ubiquitous in everyday life, from consumer food packaging to biomedical applications; therefore, efforts must be made to study catalytic pathways towards the attachment of various functional groups onto polyolefins in order to affect the material's physical properties.

Based on the polyolefin structure, functionalized polyolefin can be categorized into four main groups: randomly functionalized polyolefins, end-functionalized polyolefins, block polyolefins, and graft polyolefins.
Art Building (Rocky Ford, Colorado)
The Art Building of the Arkansas Valley Fairgrounds in Rocky Ford, Colorado was built in 1901.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

It is a one-story octagonal wood-frame building.

National Register of Historic Places architectural style categories
In the United States, the National Register of Historic Places classifies its listings by various types of architecture.  Listed properties often are given one or more of 40 standard architectural style classifications that appear in the National Register Information System (NRIS) database.   Other properties are given a custom architectural description with "vernacular" or other qualifiers, and others have no style classification.  Many National Register-listed properties do not fit into the several categories listed here, or they fit into more specialized subcategories.
Bernardino Cirillo Franco
Bernardino Cirillo Franco (20 May 1500 – 19 June 1575), also called Bernardino Cirillo and Cyrilo Franco, was a Roman Catholic archpriest of Loreto, Italy.

He was born in the city of L'Aquila, Italy on 20 May 1500. His father was Pietro Sante de' Cirilli, and his mother was Gemma Bucci.

He participated in the Council of Trent and was interested in improving Church music. He published litanies to the Virgin Mary. Cirillo advocated a return to the simplicity and harmony of the earlier forms of Church music rather than elaborate forms of organ music.

Cirillo attacked "modern" church music in a 1549 letter to Ugolino Gualteruzzi. In 1649, King John IV of Portugal wrote a treatise entitled Defence of modern music against the mistaken opinion of Bishop Cyrilo Franco [i.e., Bernardino Cirillo], presenting a point-by-point rebuttal of Cirillo's letter.

He died in Rome on 19 June 1575.

John IV of Portugal
Dom John IV (João; 19 March 1604 – 6 November 1656), also known by the Portuguese as John the Restorer (João, o Restaurador), was the King of Portugal from 1640 until his death in 1656. He restored the independence of Portugal from Habsburg Spanish rule by terminating the 60-year-old Iberian Union in which Portugal and Spain shared the same monarch, and by establishing the House of Braganza on the Portuguese throne.

Before becoming king, he was John II, the 8th Duke of Braganza. He was the grandson of Catherine, Duchess of Braganza, a claimant to the crown during the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580. On the eve of his death in 1656, the Portuguese Empire was at its territorial zenith, spanning the globe.
Italy at the 2019 European Games
Italy competed at the 2019 European Games, in Minsk, Belarus from 21 to 30 June 2019. Italy has previously competed at the 2015 European Games in Baku, Azerbaijan, where it won 47 medals, including ten golds.

2019 European Games
The 2nd European Games 2019 (Belarusian: II Еўрапейскія гульні, Jeŭrapiejskija huĺni 2019; Russian: II Европейские игры, Yevropeyskiye igry 2019), also known as the 2019 European Games or Minsk 2019 (Belarusian: Мінск 2019; Russian: Минск 2019), were held in Minsk, Belarus, from 21 June to 30 June 2019. The games featured 200 events in 15 sports (23 disciplines). Around 4,000 athletes from 50 countries participated. Ten of the sports offered qualification opportunities for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. The opening ceremony at the Dinamo Stadium was held on 21 June, and the closing ceremony at the same venue was held on 30 June.

The logo of the games was "paparać-kvietka"—a plant that plays an important role in the culture of the Slavs. The slogan of the event is "Bright Year, Bright You", which also makes reference to the national domain of the Republic of Belarus and the official international shortening—BY.
15th Congress of Deputies
The 15th Congress of Deputies is the current meeting of the Congress of Deputies, the lower house of the Spanish Cortes Generales, with the membership determined by the results of the general election held on 23 July 2023. The congress met for the first time on 17 August 2023. According to the Constitution of Spain the maximum legislative term of the congress is 4 years from the preceding election.

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.
Baijiantan, Karamay
Baijiantan District (Chinese: 白碱滩区; Uyghur: جەرەنبۇلاق رايونى) is a district of the city of Karamay in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. It contains an area of 1,272 km2 (491 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 60,000.

Karamay
Karamay (also spelled Karamai) is a prefecture-level city in the north of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. It is surrounded on all sides by Tacheng Prefecture. The name of the city comes from the Uyghur language and means "black oil", referring to the oil fields near the city.

Karamay was the site of one of the worst disasters in modern Chinese history, the 1994 Karamay fire, when 324 people, including 288 school children, lost their lives in a cinema fire on 8 December 1994.
The Outpost (Resnick novel)
The Outpost is a science fiction novel by American writer Mike Resnick, first published as hardback by Tor Books in May 2001, followed by paperback edition in August 2002. It is a satirical anthology centered on a tavern called the Outpost on the planet Henry II at the edge of the galaxy, in the neutral territory known as the Inner Frontier where fighting is forbidden. It attracts legendary characters who, while drinking and relaxing, share stories of their lives.

Hardcover
A hardcover, hard cover, or hardback (also known as hardbound, and sometimes as casebound) book is one bound with rigid protective covers (typically of binder's board or heavy paperboard covered with buckram or other cloth, heavy paper, or occasionally leather). It has a flexible, sewn spine which allows the book to lie flat on a surface when opened. Modern hardcovers may have the pages glued onto the spine in much the same way as paperbacks. Following the ISBN sequence numbers, books of this type may be identified by the abbreviation Hbk.
Legal system of Kuwait
Kuwait follows the "civil law system" modeled after the French legal system. Kuwait's legal system is largely secular. Sharia law governs only family law for Muslim residents, while non-Muslims in Kuwait have a secular family law. For the application of family law, there are three separate court sections: Sunni (Maliki), Shia, and non-Muslim. According to the United Nations, Kuwait's legal system is a mix of English common law, French civil law, Egyptian civil law and Islamic law.

The court system in Kuwait is secular. Unlike other Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Kuwait does not have Sharia courts. Sections of the civil court system administer family law. Kuwait has the most secular commercial law in the Persian Gulf region.

Arab states of the Persian Gulf
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf (Arabic: دول الخليج الفارسي, romanized: duwal al-Khalīj al-ʿfarsi), are a group of Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

The term has been used in different contexts to refer to a number of Arab states in the Persian Gulf region. The prominent political union of the region is the Gulf Cooperation Council, which includes all Persian Gulf states except Iraq. Most Persian Gulf states are former protectorates of the British Empire.
1961 Kanonloppet
The 7th Kanonloppet was a motor race, run to Formula One rules, held on 20 August 1961 at the Karlskoga Circuit, Sweden. The race was run over 30 laps of the little circuit, and was won by British driver Stirling Moss in a Lotus 18/21, run by the UDT Laystall Racing Team.

This race featured some local drivers who did not compete regularly in Formula One, and also the multiple world motorcycle champion Geoff Duke.

Stirling Moss arrived late at the circuit and missed the practice and qualifying sessions, but was allowed to start from the back of the grid.

British Racing Partnership
British Racing Partnership (BRP) was a racing team, and latterly constructor, from the United Kingdom. It was established by Alfred Moss and Ken Gregory – Stirling Moss's father and former manager, respectively – in 1957 to run cars for Stirling, when not under contract with other firms, along with other up-and-coming drivers.
Croxley Common Moor
Croxley Common Moor is a 39.5-hectare (98-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and Local Nature Reserve in Croxley Green, Hertfordshire. It is owned by Three Rivers District Council and managed by the council together with the Countryside Management Service and the Friends of Croxley Common Moor. Most of it is a registered common.

The site is mainly grass heathland with some ancient woodland and hazel coppice. It has been designated an SSSI for its botanical interest, and over 250 species of plants have been recorded. Principal species include sheep sorrel, common bent and sheep's fescue. There is also abundant sweet vernal grass and harebell. There are many ant hills made by yellow meadow ants.

The moor can be accessed from the Ebury Way, a foot/cycle route which borders it to the south, and by a footbridge across the River Gade, which borders it to the north, from Mill Lane, close to Croxley tube station.

Rumex acetosella
Rumex acetosella, commonly known as red sorrel, sheep's sorrel, field sorrel and sour weed, is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Native to Eurasia including the British Isles, the plant and its subspecies are common perennial weeds. It has green arrowhead-shaped leaves and red-tinted deeply ridged stems, and it sprouts from an aggressive and spreading rhizome. The flowers emerge from a tall, upright stem. Female flowers are maroon in color.
George E. Royce
George Edmund Royce (January 1, 1829 – March 5, 1903) was an American businessman from Rutland, Vermont who was prominent in the quarrying and building stone industry. He was also a banker, jointly founding the Baxter National Bank of Rutland, and was a member of the Vermont State Senate from 1902 to his death in 1903.

Jonas Rice
Jonas Rice (1672–1753) was the first permanent settler of European descent in Worcester, Massachusetts, and was a founder and prominent citizen of the town.  He was elected as a judge to the Court of Common Pleas in Worcester County, Massachusetts and he served until his death.
Michael Buchleitner
Michael Buchleitner (born 14 October 1969 in Mödling) is an Austrian long-distance runner.

Up to 1999 he specialized in the 3000 metres steeplechase. He finished tenth at the 1993 World Championships and competed without reaching the final in 1997 and 1999. He did, however, achieve a personal best time of 8:20.04 minutes at the latter event. Competing at the Universiade he won a gold medal in 1993 and a bronze in 1997. He also finished fifth in 3000 metres at the 2002 European Indoor Athletics Championships.

From 2000 he has concentrated on the marathon race. He competed in this event at the 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympics.

He married Ellen Kiessling, a German champion middle-distance runner, in 1994.

1997 World Championships in Athletics
The 6th World Championships in Athletics (Greek: Παγκόσμιο Πρωτάθλημα Στίβου 1997), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletic Federations, were held at the Olympic Stadium, Athens, Greece between 1 and 10 August 1997. 1,882 athletes from 198 participant nations participated in this event.

It was the first edition to award wild cards to defending champions even if they did not qualify for their national team. This allowed four athletes from the same country to compete in an individual event in some cases.
Mount Battle
Mount Battle is a mountain located 65 km (40 mi) northeast of Pangnirtung on Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. It is part of the Baffin Mountains which in turn form part of the Arctic Cordillera mountain system.

Mount Battle is named for Ben Battle, a geomorphologist from McGill University, who drowned crossing a melt water-swollen stream near Glacier Lake during the 1953 Arctic Institute of North America research-mountaineering expedition.

Geomorphology
Geomorphology (from Ancient Greek  γῆ (gê) 'earth'  μορφή (morphḗ) 'form' and  λόγος (lógos) 'study') is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features generated by physical, chemical or biological processes operating at or near Earth's surface. Geomorphologists seek to understand why landscapes look the way they do, to understand landform and terrain history and dynamics and to predict changes through a combination of field observations, physical experiments and numerical modeling. Geomorphologists work within disciplines such as physical geography, geology, geodesy, engineering geology, archaeology, climatology, and geotechnical engineering. This broad base of interests contributes to many research styles and interests within the field.
Wards of New York City
New York City was divided into wards between 1683 and 1938. These were used for the election of various municipal offices, and would later be used to construct the boundaries of larger electoral districts. Prior to the formation of the so-called City of Greater New York in 1898, what is now New York City comprised multiple municipalities that had different histories with wards.

City of Greater New York
The City of Greater New York was the consolidation of the City of New York
with Brooklyn, western Queens County, and Staten Island, which took effect on January 1, 1898. New York had already annexed the Bronx (west of the Bronx River in 1874,  east of the Bronx River in 1895), so the consolidated city sprawled across 
five counties of New York State, which became the five Boroughs of modern New York. Eastern Queens County was excluded and later became Nassau County.
Humboldt Park branch
The Humboldt Park branch was a rapid transit line which was part of the Chicago "L" system from 1895 to 1952. The branch served the West Town and the Humboldt Park neighborhoods of Chicago and consisted of six elevated stations. It opened on July 29, 1895, and closed on May 4, 1952.

Humboldt Park, Chicago
Humboldt Park is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago in Illinois, United States, located on the West Side of Chicago. The Humboldt Park neighborhood is known for its dynamic social and ethnic demographic change over the years. The Puerto Rican community has identified strongly with the area since the 1970s. Humboldt Park is also the name of the Chicago Park District's historic 207-acre (0.8 km2) park or public garden adjacent to the community area.
Kim Seoung-il
Kim Seoung-il (Korean: 김성일; Korean pronunciation: [kim.sʌŋ.il]; born 19 December 1990 in Daegu) is a South Korean short track speed skater.

At the 2009 Winter Universiade, Kim won silver medals behind future Olympic speed skating gold medalist Lee Seung-hoon in the men's 1500 metre and 300 metre events. He added bronze in the 5000 metre relay, combining with Lee Seung-hoon.

Kim earned a silver medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics after skating in the semifinals of the 5000 metre relay.

Short-track speed skating
Short-track speed skating is a form of competitive ice speed skating. In competitions, multiple skaters (typically between four and six) skate on an oval ice track with a length of 111.12 metres (364.57 ft). The rink itself is 60 metres (196.85 ft) long by 30 metres (98.43 ft) wide, which is the same size as an Olympic-sized figure skating rink and an international-sized ice hockey rink. Related sports include long-track speed skating and inline speed skating.