hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Parnassius bremeri
Parnassius bremeri is a high altitude butterfly which is found in Russia, Korea and China . It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (Parnassius) of the swallowtail family (Papilionidae).
Over its vast range (Transbaikal, the Amur and Ussuri regions and the Kuriles), the species varies widely in morphology and many subspecies have been described.

P. bremeri is found in open landscapes on forest-steppe, as well as slopes with woodlands up to the alpine zone (1,500 m.). The flight period is May and June. Known host plants are: Sedum - Sedum clizoorl, S. ussuriensis, S. ishida and Orostachys malacophylla.

Orostachys
Orostachys is a genus of the succulent family Crassulaceae (stonecrop family) that contains about 15 species. It is a biennial herb growing in China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia. Eight species occur in China.
Ari Holtzman
Ari Holtzman is a professor of Computer Science at the University of Chicago and an expert in the area of natural language processing and computational linguistics. Previously, Holtzman was a PhD student at the University of Washington where he was advised by Luke Zettlemoyer.

In 2017, he was a member of the winning team for the inaugural Alexa Prize for developing a conversational AI system for the Amazon Alexa device. Holtzman has made multiple contributions in the area of text generation and language models such as the introduction of nucleus sampling in 2019, his work on AI safety and neural fake news detection, and the fine-tuning of quantized large language models.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Koshi District, Niigata
Koshi (古志郡, Koshi-gun) was a district located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district had an estimated population of 2,035 with a density of 51.09 persons per km2. The total area is 39.83 km2.

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
Mentore Maggini
Mentore Maggini (6 February 1890 – 8 May 1941) was an Italian astronomer.

He was director of the Collurania Observatory and is best known for his maps of Mars and the work on binary stars.

A crater on Mars was named in his honor.

Collurania-Teramo Observatory
The Collurania Observatory, also Teramo Observatory, (Italian: Osservatorio Astronomico di Collurania "Vincenzo Cerulli"), is an astronomical observatory located in Teramo, in Abruzzo region of central Italy. It was founded by Vincenzo Cerulli in 1890, who was later honoured by having it bear his name. The observatory is owned and operated by the National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF). It has the IAU code 037.
One Little Kiss
"One Little Kiss" is a country song written by Ashley Gorley, Jimmy Robbins, and Shane McAnally. It was originally recorded by American country singer Jake Owen for his 2013 studio album, Days of Gold, under the title "One Little Kiss (Never Killed Nobody)". The song was covered by Canadian country rock artist Dallas Smith three years later with the abbreviated title of "One Little Kiss". Both recordings were produced by Joey Moi. Smith's version was released April 22, 2016 through 604 Records as the second single off his third studio album, Side Effects (2016).

Shane McAnally
Shane Lamar McAnally (born October 12, 1974) is an American country music singer, songwriter, and record producer. He debuted as a singer in 1999 with his self-titled album on Curb Records. This project produced three singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts, including "Are Your Eyes Still Blue".

After a hiatus from music, McAnally returned to songwriting, having his first major success with "Last Call" by Lee Ann Womack in 2008. From the early 2010s onward, McAnally has worked almost exclusively as a songwriter and producer. Artists with whom he has worked include Old Dominion, Midland, and Kacey Musgraves. He has won four Grammy Awards and multiple awards from the Country Music Association (CMA). In 2023, he collaborated with Brandy Clark in writing the musical Shucked.
Jorrin John
Jorrin Nemiah John (born 6 November 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for Leicester St Andrews. Born in England, he represented the country internationally at various youth levels before switching to the Antigua and Barbudan national team.

Leicester St Andrews F.C.
Leicester St Andrews Football Club are a football club based in Aylestone, a suburb of Leicester, England. They play in the Midland League Division One, having been relegated from the Premier Division at the end of the 2017–18 season.
The Boy with the X-Ray Eyes (song)
"The Boy with the X-Ray Eyes" is a song by Babylon Zoo, released in October 1996 as the third and final single from their debut album of the same name. The release was a failure, continuing a downward trend in chart positions for the group's singles and peaking at #32 on the UK Singles Chart. It marked Babylon Zoo's final appearance in the UK Top 40.

The single version was a new edit of the song, remixed by Arthur Baker. Each CD version (including the two promos) has a different colour sleeve and disc.

Babylon Zoo
Babylon Zoo were an English rock band formed in 1992 in Wolverhampton. Their song "Spaceman" gained considerable exposure through its use in a Levi's jeans television advert in the United Kingdom in late 1995. Released as the band's debut single on 21 January 1996, it entered the UK Singles Chart at number one. "Spaceman" led to the band being perceived as a one-hit wonder, when subsequent releases charted less successfully.
Bernard Lewison
Bernard Lewison (February 7, 1902 – January 13, 1984) was an American politician and businessman.

Born in Viroqua, Wisconsin, Lewison went to Lawrence University. He was a farmer, automobile dealer, body shop owner, saving and loan director, and real estate broker. Lewis served on the Vernon County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors, the Viroqua Common Council, and was Mayor of Viroqua 1943–1948. Lewison served in the Wisconsin State Assembly 1955–1957, 1961–1981 as a Republican. He died in Madison, Wisconsin.

Lawrence University
Lawrence University is a private liberal arts college and conservatory of music in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1847, its first classes were held on November 12, 1849. Lawrence was the second college in the U.S. to be founded as a coeducational institution.
Kennington (surname)
Kennington is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Kennington (rugby), Australian rugby player

Alan Kennington (writer) (1906–1986), British novelist

D. J. Kennington (born 1977), Canadian stock car racing driver

Dale Kennington (1935–2017), American artist

Eric Kennington (1888–1960), English sculptor

Jill Kennington (born 1943), British fashion model and photographer

Richard Kennington (1921–1999), American philosopher

Thomas Benjamin Kennington (1856–1916), British painter

Alan Kennington (writer)
Alan Kennington (1906–1986) was a British novelist and playwright, particularly known for his thrillers. Two of his novels were adapted into films. The 1939 novel The Night Has Eyes was made into a 1942 film of the same title, while She Died Young (1938) was turned into the 1956 film You Can't Escape. His 1949 novel Pastures New was a comedy about American students in post-war Britain.
Yokohama Rosai Hospital
Yokohama Rosai Hospital (横浜労災病院, Yokohama Rōsai Byōin) is a hospital in the Kōhoku ward of Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.  It is adjacent to Nissan Stadium and is accessible on foot from Shin-Yokohama Station.

As one of the hospitals owned and operated by the Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety (JOHAS), an independent administrative institution, it is classified as a workplace accident and illness hospital (rōsai byōin). The hospital also functions as a general hospital for members of the public and includes a 24-hour emergency and critical care center.

Opened in June 1991, the hospital serves as a teaching hospital affiliated with Yokohama City University, University of Tokyo, and Chiba University. It is designated by the City of Yokohama as one of the city's disaster base hospitals during times of natural disaster.

Yokohama City University
Yokohama City University (YCU) (横浜市立大学, Yokohama Shiritsu Daigaku) is a public university, in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 2013, YCU has two faculties with a total of around 4,850 students, 111 of whom are foreign. YCU also has four campuses (Kanazawa-Hakkei, Fukuura, Maioka and Tsurumi) and two hospitals (YCU Hospital and YCU Medical Center). YCU is a member of the Port-City University League (PUL), and a core member of the Japanese University Network in the Bay Area (JUNBA). In 2017, YCU has been ranked #16th among "world's best small universities" in 2016-2017 (Times Higher Education), ranked at 23rd among life sciences institutes in Japan (Nature Index 2016).
May 1957 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Monday, May 13, 1957, with an umbral magnitude of 1.2982. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 3.25 days after perigee (on May 9, 1957, at 4:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

This lunar eclipse was the third of an almost tetrad, with the others being on May 24, 1956 (partial); November 18, 1956 (total); and November 7, 1957 (total).

Earth's shadow
Earth's shadow (or Earth shadow) is the shadow that Earth itself casts through its atmosphere and into outer space, toward the antisolar point. During the twilight period (both early dusk and late dawn), the shadow's visible fringe —sometimes called the dark segment or twilight wedge—appears as a dark and diffuse band just above the horizon, most distinct when the sky is clear.

Since the angular diameters of the Sun and the Moon as viewed from Earth's surface are almost the same, the ratio of the length of Earth's shadow to the distance between Earth and the Moon will be almost equal to the ratio of the diameters of Earth and the Moon.

Since Earth's diameter is 3.7 times the Moon's, the length of the planet's umbra is correspondingly 3.7 times the average distance from the Moon to Earth: about 1.4 million km (870,000 mi). The diameter of Earth's shadow at lunar distance is about 9,000 km (5,600 mi), or 2.6 lunar diameters, which allows observation of total lunar eclipses from Earth.
2016 Christmas Handball Tournament of Four
The 2016 Christmas Handball Tournament of Four was a friendly men's handball tournament, held in Moscow, Russia at the Krylatskoye Sports Palace between 08–10 January organised by the Handball Union of Russia as a preparation of the host nation to the 2016 European Men's Handball Championship.

Krylatskoye Sports Palace
Dynamo Palace of Sports in Krylatskoye (Russian: Дворец спорта «Динамо» в Крылатском) is a multi-purpose indoor sporting arena in Krylatskoye District, Moscow, Russia. The arena has mainly been used to host futsal, boxing, and basketball. The seating capacity of the arena is for 5,000 people.
Marico
Marico Limited is an Indian multinational consumer goods company, headquartered in Mumbai. Marico is present in over 25 countries across Asia and Africa. It owns brands in categories of hair care, skin care, edible oils, health foods, male grooming, and fabric care.

Marico has 8 factories in India located at Puducherry, Perundurai, Kanjikode, Jalgaon, Paldhi, Dehradun, Baddi and Paonta Sahib. Founder Harsh Mariwala is the chairman, while Saugata Gupta has been the MD and CEO since March 2014.

Kanjikode
Kanjikode or Kanchikode is an industrial town located 13 km (8.1 mi) east of Palakkad. Kanjikode is the second largest industrial hub in Kerala after Kochi. The town is part of Pudussery Panchayat. It is one of the growing suburbs of Palakkad city. First and the only Indian Institute of Technology in Kerala, Indian Institute of Technology,Palakkad was established in  Kanjikode. The upcoming Industrial Smart City project is going to be established in Kanjikode.
Claude Guilhot
Claude Guilhot (September 2, 1929 - December 15, 1990) was a French jazz vibraphonist and drummer.

Guilhot was born in Toulouse to a family of music pedagogues. Initially a professional drummer, he worked with Charles Barrié, Jacques Gauthé, and Mezz Mezzrow before switching to vibraphone late in the 1950s. He and saxophonist Michel Roques shared leadership of an ensemble which included appearances from Don Byas, Buck Clayton, Bill Coleman, Sonny Grey, and Lucky Thompson. In 1962 he relocated to Paris, where he played with Kenny Clarke, Alix Combelle, Champion Jack Dupree, Pierre Dutour, Jimmy Gourley, Henri Renaud, and Hal Singer.

In 1970 he taught music in St. Germain-en-Laye, and in the 1980s worked with Georges Arvanitas and in his own ensemble with Sylvain Beuf and Stéphane Belmondo as sidemen.

Don Byas
Carlos Wesley "Don" Byas (October 21, 1912 – August 24, 1972) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist, associated with swing and bebop. He played with Count Basie, Duke Ellington, Art Blakey, and Dizzy Gillespie, among others, and also led his own band. He lived in Europe for the last 26 years of his life.
Kara Depression
The Kara Depression is a depression in the Extreme North of European Russia, by the mouth of Kara River, north-east of the Pay-Khoy Ridge (a continuation of the northern Ural Mountains). It is of diameter 50–60 km (31–37 mi) and filled with Quaternary deposits.

The depression is part of the Pechora coal basin.

Kara (river)
The Kara (Russian: Ка́ра) is a river draining to the Arctic Kara Sea in Russia. It flows through the Pai-Khoi Range in the Polar Ural region, and forms parts of the borders between the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Komi Republic.

The length of the river, from the confluence of the Malaya and Bolshaya Kara to the mouth in the Baydaratskaya Bay is 257 kilometres (160 mi). Its drainage basin area is 13,400 square kilometres (5,200 sq mi). The settlement of Ust-Kara is near the river mouth. The name of the river is derived from Nenets word meaning "hummocked ice".
Society of the Atonement
The Society of the Atonement, also known as the Friars and Sisters of the Atonement or Graymoor Friars and Sisters, is a Franciscan religious congregation in the Catholic Church. The friars and sisters were founded in 1898 by Paul Wattson and Lurana White as a religious community in the Episcopal Church. The religious order is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the Marian title of Our Lady of Atonement.

Religious congregation
A religious congregation is a type of religious institute in the Catholic Church. They are legally distinguished from religious orders – the other major type of religious institute – in that members take simple vows, whereas members of religious orders take solemn vows.
Flags of the Australian Defence Force
The three branches of the Australian Defence Force are each represented by flags, among other emblems and insignia. Within each service, various symbols fly on individual ships, at bases, camps, the Australian Defence Force Academy and colleges. These include flags, standards, guidons and banners and that denote rank, appointment, corps, formations, regiments, training units and sub-units.

Flag
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular) with distinctive colours and design, often flown from a pole and used for symbolic, signalling, or decorative purposes. The term flag is also used to refer to the graphic design employed on such pieces of fabric. The study of flags is known as "vexillology" from the Latin vexillum, meaning "flag" or "banner".

The first flags were used to aid military coordination on the battlefield, and flags have since evolved into a common tool for basic signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as maritime environments where semaphore is used). The national flag is a common patriotic symbol of a country, and many national or other flags may be assigned to flag families based on similarities in their designs that demonstrate a shared history, culture, or influence. Flags are also used in messages, advertising, or for other decorative purposes.
Anabasis of Alexander
The Anabasis of Alexander (Ancient Greek: Ἀλεξάνδρου Ἀνάβασις, Alexándrou Anábasis; Latin: Anabasis Alexandri) was composed by Arrian of Nicomedia in the second century AD, most probably during the reign of Hadrian. The Anabasis (which survives complete in seven books) is a history of the campaigns of Alexander the Great, specifically his conquest of the Persian Empire between 336 and 323 BC.

The Anabasis is by far the fullest surviving account of Alexander's conquest of the Persian Empire. It is primarily a military history, reflecting the content of Arrian's model, Xenophon's Anabasis; the work begins with Alexander's accession to the Macedonian throne in 336 BC, and has nothing to say about Alexander's early life (in contrast, say, to Plutarch's Life of Alexander). Nor does Arrian aim to provide a complete history of the Greek-speaking world during Alexander's reign.

Hellenic historiography
Hellenic, Greek, or ancient Greek historiography involves efforts made by the Ancient Greeks to track and record historical events. By the 5th century BC, it became an integral part of ancient Greek literature and held a prestigious place in later Roman historiography and Byzantine literature.
173rd Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery
173rd Siege Battery was a unit of Britain's Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) formed during World War I. It served on the Western Front, including the Battles of Vimy Ridge, Third Ypres and Cambrai, and the crushing victories of the Allied Hundred Days Offensive in 1918.

Royal Garrison Artillery
The Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) was formed in 1899 as a distinct arm of the British Army's  Royal Regiment of Artillery serving alongside the other two arms of the Regiment, the Royal Field Artillery (RFA) and the Royal Horse Artillery (RHA).  The RGA were the 'technical' branch of the Royal Artillery who were responsible for much of the professionalisation of technical gunnery that was to occur during the First World War.  It was originally established to man the guns of the British Empire's forts and fortresses, including coastal artillery batteries, the heavy gun batteries attached to each infantry division and the guns of the siege artillery. The RGA was amalgamated with the RFA in 1924, from which time the only two arms within the Royal Regiment of Artillery have been the Royal Artillery and the Royal Horse Artillery.
Michael Feldman (consultant)
Michael Feldman (born October 14, 1968) is an American public relations and communications consultant and a former Democratic political adviser. Feldman was Vice President Al Gore’s traveling chief of staff during the 2000 presidential election campaign. He is a founding partner and managing director of The Glover Park Group, a communications, consulting, and advocacy firm.

Consultant
A consultant (from Latin: consultare "to deliberate") is a professional (also known as expert, specialist, see variations of meaning below) who provides advice or services in an area of specialization (generally to medium or large-size corporations). Consulting services generally fall under the domain of professional services, as contingent work.

The Harvard Business School defines a consultant as someone who advises on "how to modify, proceed in, or streamline a given process within a specialized field".
Steve Sparks (volcanologist)
Sir Robert Stephen John Sparks, CBE, FRS (born Harpenden, Hertfordshire, 15 May 1949) is Chaning Wills Professor of Geology in the School of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol. He is one of the world's leading volcanologists and has been widely recognised his pioneering research into the physics of eruptions, volcanic geology, igneous petrology, volcanic hazards and risk assessment, and wider services to the science community.

Geological Society of London
The Geological Society of London, known commonly as the Geological Society, is a learned society based in the United Kingdom. It is the oldest national geological society in the world and the largest in Europe, with more than 12,000 Fellows.

Fellows are entitled to the postnominal FGS (Fellow of the Geological Society), over 2,000 of whom are Chartered Geologists (CGeol). The Society is a registered charity, no. 210161
. It is also a member of the Science Council, and is licensed to award Chartered Scientist to qualifying members.

The mission of the society is: "Making geologists acquainted with each other, stimulating their zeal, inducing them to adopt one nomenclature, facilitating the communication of new facts and ascertaining what is known in their science and what remains to be discovered".
Idalion
Idalion or Idalium (Greek: Ιδάλιον, Idalion, Phoenician: 𐤀𐤃𐤉𐤋, ʾDYL, Akkadian: e-di-ʾi-il, Edīl) was an ancient city in Cyprus, in modern Dali, Nicosia District. The city was founded on the copper trade in the 3rd millennium BC. Its name does not appear on the Sargon Stele of 707 BC, but does appear on the later Prism of Esarhaddon (copies of the text dated to 673–672 BC) and in similar spellings in Ashurbanipal's annal (648/647 BC).

Recent excavations have uncovered major buildings on the site which are open to visitors. A new museum is at the entrance of the site.

Nicosia District
The Nicosia District, or simply Nicosia (also Lefkosia and Lefkoşa), is one of the six districts of Cyprus. Its main town is the island country's capital city, Nicosia. The de facto TRNC-controlled northern part of the district is the Lefkoşa District of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

TRNC-controlled areas of the Larnaca District of the Republic of Cyprus are administered as part of Nicosia District, while western parts of the Nicosia District under de facto TRNC control are administered as part of the new Güzelyurt and Lefke Districts.