hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Gastrell
Colonel Sir William Henry Houghton Gastrell CMG TD FRGS (24 September 1852 – 11 April 1935) was Conservative MP for Lambeth North.

He was born in Gloucestershire and educated at Cheltenham College. He moved to London, where he obtained a commission in the Middlesex Yeomanry, rising to the rank of major and second-in-command of the unit in 1901. In 1909, he was awarded the Territorial Decoration. He was subsequently promoted to the rank of colonel in the Army Service Corps, commanding Woolwich District.

He was a member of London County Council for St Pancras South from 1904 to 1907 for the Moderates, forerunners of the Municipal Reform Party. He previously stood unsuccessfully in 1901.

He stood unsuccessfully in Lambeth North in 1906, won the seat from the Liberals in January 1910, held it in December 1910, but lost it to them in 1918.

He was knighted in 1917.

Middlesex Yeomanry
The Middlesex Yeomanry was a volunteer cavalry regiment of the British Army originally raised in 1797. It saw mounted and dismounted action in the Second Boer War and in the First World War at Gallipoli, Salonika and in Palestine, where one of its officers won a Victoria Cross at the Battle of Buqqar Ridge and the regiment rode into Damascus with 'Lawrence of Arabia'. Between the world wars the regiment was converted to the signals role and it provided communications for armoured formations in the Second World War, including service in minor operations in Iraq, Palestine, Syria and Iran, as well as the Western Desert, Italian and North-West European campaigns. It continued in the postwar Territorial Army and its lineage is maintained today by 31 (Middlesex Yeomanry and Princess Louise's Kensington) Signal Squadron, Royal Corps of Signals, which forms part of the  Army Reserve.
2020–21 Egyptian Premier League
The 2020–21 Egyptian Premier League, also known as The WE Egyptian Premier League for sponsorship purposes, was the 62nd season of the Egyptian Premier League, the top Egyptian professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1948. The season started on 11 December 2020 and is concluded on 28 August 2021. Fixtures for the 2020–21 season was announced one week before the start of the competition.

The season was initially scheduled to start in July, but was delayed to November and later to December due to effects and consequence of the postponement of the previous season's conclusion due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt.

Al Ahly were the defending champions, having won their 5th consecutive and 42nd overall league title in the previous season. Zamalek secured their 13th league title and their first since 2015 with two games to spare; ending Al Ahly's five-year dominance.

Egyptian Football Association
The Egyptian Football Association (Egyptian Arabic: الاتحاد المصري لكرة القدم) is the governing body of association football in Egypt. Founded in 1921, it became a member of FIFA since 1923 and a founding member of the CAF, the EFA has jurisdiction over the Egyptian football league system and is responsible for the men's and women's national teams.

The EFA headquarters is located in Gezira, Cairo. The EFA organizes the semi-professional Egyptian Second Division as well as the lower regional leagues at the third and fourth levels of the league system.
2013 Vuelta a Castilla y León
The 2013 Vuelta a Castilla y León was the 28th edition of the Vuelta a Castilla y León cycle race and was held on April 12 through April 14, 2013. The race started in Arévalo and finished in Cervera de Pisuerga. The race was won by Rubén Plaza.

Cervera de Pisuerga
Cervera de Pisuerga is a municipality located on the banks of the Pisuerga River in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. 
According to the 2018 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 2,316 inhabitants.

In one of the nearby villages of Cervera de Pisuerga, Valsadornín, the Roman Valsadornín Hoard was discovered in 1937.
Stingray City, Grand Cayman
Stingray City is a series of shallow sandbars found in the North Sound of Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. It is a tourist attraction, where southern stingrays are found in abundance and visitors can pet and interact with the animals.

There are two sandbars, one which is in the shallows and the other one which is deeper and where it is possible to dive with stingrays.

Sound (geography)
In geography, a sound is a smaller body of water usually connected to a sea or an ocean. A sound may be an inlet that is deeper than a bight and wider than a fjord; or  a narrow sea channel or an ocean channel between two land masses, such as a strait; or also a lagoon between a barrier island and the mainland.
Kanze Dena
Kanze Dena Mararo, also known as Kellen Beatrice Kanze Dena Mararo,( born in 1980) is a Swahili-Kenyan journalist who is a former spokesperson in the executive office of the president of the Republic of Kenya and Head of President's Strategic Communication Unit (PSCU).

She intended to join the Kenya Medical Training College, but after several unsuccessful application attempts, she shifted to studying Journalism and Mass Communication at Foundation College of Professional Studies.

Previously she worked as a news anchor who reported on current affairs, political interviews and entertainment. Dena has worked as a news anchor for other networks, including Kenya Broadcasting Corporation, Kenya Television Network, and Citizen TV. She resigned from Citizen TV in June 2018, after being appointed as the Deputy State House Spokesperson and Deputy Head of PSCU, before taking on her current role of Spokesperson in the Executive Office of the President.

Kawish Television Network
Kawish Television Network (KTN) is the first private Sindhi TV channel in Pakistan. It is the most-watched private Sindhi-language general entertainment television channel worldwide. The channel is part of the Kawish Group.
Gastrolobium sericeum
Gastrolobium sericeum is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a prostrate, low shrub with pendulous yellow, green, red or nearly black pea-flowers from spring to summer.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
The Shang Grand Tower
The Shang Grand Tower, also known as simply the Shang Tower, is a high-end residential condominium  skyscraper located in Makati, Philippines. It was developed by Shang Properties, Inc. The 46-story building was opened in 2006 and rises to 180 metres (630 feet) from the ground to its architectural top. It is currently the 10th-tallest complete building in Makati, and is the 19th-tallest building in the country and Metro Manila as well. The 250-unit condominium was the first self-funded residential condominium of Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts’ Kuok Group in the country, and all units were sold-out as of 2006.

Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts
Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts (Chinese: 香格里拉酒店) is a multinational hospitality company, founded in 1971 by tycoon Robert Kuok and bearing the name of Shangri-La, a Far Eastern mythical land of contentment depicted in the 1933 novel Lost Horizon. It is a subsidiary of Kerry Properties, the company has over 100 luxury hotels and resorts with over 40,000 rooms in Africa, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North America and Oceania.

Shangri-La has 4 brands across different market segments: Shangri-La, Traders Hotels, Kerry Hotels, and Hotel Jen. The company's head office is in Kerry Centre (嘉里中心), Quarry Bay, Hong Kong. The current chairman is Kuok Hui-kwong.
Nenana Valley
Nenana Valley is an archaeological site in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area of Alaska.

The site was first occupied around 11,000 years ago (early Holocene) and  represents one of the earliest known sites in Arctic North America. The location of artifacts in the stratigraphic column suggests that, originally, the site was not occupied year-round, and that during the last glacial period people would have been travelling back and forth between North America and Asia, using this site as an outpost. Zooarchaeological evidence, such as mammoth and sheep bones, suggest that people were following these paths seasonally for hunting. As the ice age ended, the site would have become a more permanent residence. Points found here suggest that the culture is ancestral to that which created the Clovis points, of which variations can be found across North America.

Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska
Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area (/ˈjuːkɒn ˈkaɪjəkək/ YOO-kon KY-yə-kək) is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,343, down from 5,588 in 2010. With an area of 147,842.51 sq mi (382,910.3 km2), it is the largest of any county or county-equivalent in the United States. While slightly larger than the entire state of Montana, the census area only consists of 22.2% of Alaska's total area. It is part of the unorganized borough of Alaska and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest communities are the cities of Galena, in the west, and Fort Yukon, in the northeast.
Karthik Muralidharan
Karthik Muralidharan (born November 1975) is an Indian economist who currently serves as a professor of economics at the University of California, San Diego, where he also holds the Tata Chancellor's Endowed Chair in Economics. His primary research interests include development economics, public economics, and labour economics. Moreover, Muralidharan is co-chair of the education programme of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL). He also founded CEGIS, an organization aimed to improve lives by helping state governments deliver better development outcomes.

Labour economics
Labour economics is the subfield of economics concerned with the study of labour as an input to economic production. Broadly, it surveys labor markets and the economic decisions of agents participating in such markets. Topics of study include the labour supply of workers and how it is affected by variables such as age, education, gender and childbearing, as well as the labour demand by firms searching for different forms of labour as an input in the production of goods and services. In addition, labour economics studies, amongst others, phenomena such as schooling, human capital, inequality, unemployment, trade unions, discrimination, technological change, and public policies related to labour markets, such as unemployment benefits, pensions and health care.
Geraniaceae
Geraniaceae is a family of flowering plants placed in the order Geraniales. The family name is derived from the genus Geranium. The family includes both the genus Geranium (the cranesbills, or true geraniums) and the garden plants called geraniums, which modern botany classifies as genus Pelargonium, along with other related genera.

The family comprises 830 species in five to seven genera. The largest genera are Geranium (430 species), Pelargonium (280 species) and Erodium (80 species).

Phyllotaxis
In botany, phyllotaxis (from Ancient Greek  φύλλον (phúllon)  'leaf' and  τάξις (táxis)  'arrangement') or phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem. Phyllotactic spirals form a distinctive class of patterns in nature.
Castle of Chinchilla
The Castle of Chinchilla (Spanish: Castillo de Chinchilla) is a castle located in Chinchilla de Monte-Aragón, Spain. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 1931. As of right now visitors only have access to see the exterior of the castle as the interior is under construction. Visitors to the castle can see the remains of Iberian and Roman architecture.

Marquess of Villena
Marquess of Villena (Spanish: Marqués de Villena) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, granted in 1445 by John II to Juan Pacheco, Grand Master of the Order of Santiago and later also 1st Duke of Escalona.

It was originally founded as the Lordship of Villena in the thirteenth century by Ferdinand III of Castile for his youngest son, Don Manuel. In 1369, the estate was elevated to a Marquisate, the first such designation in Castile, and awarded to Don Alfonso of Aragon. 
However, the title was not hereditary and in 1395 it reverted back to the crown of Castile. From that point, Villena had a complicated history of awards and reversions back to the crown until John II granted it as a hereditary title to Juan Pacheco in 1445. It was the first time the Marquisate was held outside of royalty.

The 8th marquess, Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco, founded the Royal Spanish Academy.
Charles Marcotte
Charles Marcotte (November 1, 1844 – September 20, 1901) was a notary and political figure in Quebec. He represented L'Islet in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1881 to 1886 as a Conservative.

He was born in Cap-Santé, Canada East, the son of Félix Marcotte and Marie Delage. Marcotte was educated at the Séminaire de Québec and qualified as a notary in 1865, setting up practice at L'Islet and then Deschambault. He was secretary for the school board at L'Islet from 1870 to 1882. Marcotte was mayor of Deschambault from 1876 to 1879. He was married twice: to Céline Frenette in 1875 and later to Élise Matte. Marcotte was an unsuccessful candidate for L'Islet in the Quebec assembly in 1878, losing to Jean-Baptiste Couillard Dupuis. He defeated Dupuis in 1881 but was defeated by François-Gilbert Miville Dechêne when he ran for reelection in 1886. Marcotte died at Deschambault at the age of 56.

Séminaire de Québec
46°48′53″N 71°12′19″W﻿ / ﻿46.81472°N 71.20528°W﻿ / 46.81472; -71.20528

The Seminary of Quebec (French: Séminaire de Québec, pronounced [seminɛʁ də kebɛk]) is a Catholic diocesan seminary in Quebec City founded in 1663 by François de Laval, the first bishop of New France.
Dynamics Explorer 2
Dynamics Explorer 2 (DE-2 or Explorer 63) was a NASA low-altitude mission, launched on 3 August 1981. It consisted of two satellites, DE-1 and DE-2, whose purpose was to investigate the interactions between plasmas in the magnetosphere and those in the ionosphere. The two satellites were launched together into polar coplanar orbits, which allowed them to simultaneously observe the upper and lower parts of the atmosphere.

Magnetosphere
In astronomy and planetary science, a magnetosphere is a region of space surrounding an astronomical object, such as a planet or other object, in which charged particles are affected by that object's magnetic field. It is created by a celestial body with an active interior dynamo.

In the space environment close to a planetary body with a dipole magnetic field such as Earth, the field lines resemble a simple magnetic dipole. Farther out, field lines can be significantly distorted by the flow of electrically conducting plasma, as emitted from the Sun (i.e., the solar wind) or a nearby star. Planets having active magnetospheres, like the Earth, are capable of mitigating or blocking the effects of solar radiation or cosmic radiation. Interactions of particles and atmospheres with magnetospheres are studied under the specialized scientific subjects of plasma physics, space physics, and aeronomy.
2022–23 Promotion League
The 2022–23 Swiss Promotion League (known as the YAPEAL Promotion League for sponsorship reasons) is the 11th season (9th under its current name) of the 3rd tier of the Swiss football league system under its current format.

Swiss Cup
The Swiss Cup (German: Schweizer Cup; French: Coupe de Suisse; Italian: Coppa Svizzera; Romansh: Cuppa Svizra)  is a football cup competition that has been organised annually since 1925–26 season by the Swiss Football Association.

The Swiss Cup final is usually the most important game of the year with a high attendance. The competition is also shaped by games in the first rounds when villages celebrate the tie of their club with a professional team leading to infrastructure improvements and often thousands of spectators at the local football pitch. Since 1999 the cup winners earns the chance to qualify for the UEFA Europa League or the UEFA Conference League in accordance with the rankings of Switzerland in the UEFA coefficient.
Lillian McDermott Medal
The Lillian McDermott Medal, established in 2021, is awarded annually by the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT). Named after Lillian Christie McDermott, the Medal "recognizes those who are passionate and tenacious about improving the teaching and learning of physics and have made intellectually creative contributions in this area".

The Robert A. Millikan award was the medal previously given by the AAPT to individuals who provide notable contributions to the teaching of physics. The award was established in 1962; the winner received a monetary award and certificate and delivered an address at an AAPT summer meeting. In the spring of 2021, the AAPT Board of Directors removed Millikan's name from the award.

Lillian C. McDermott
Lillian Christie McDermott (1931 – July 8, 2020) was an American physicist. In the early 1970s, McDermott established the Physics Education Group (PEG) at the University of Washington to "improve the teaching and learning of physics from kindergarten all the way through graduate school." She was recognized for her many contributions to the field of physics education research with an election to the American Physical Society in 1990.
Nodezilla
Nodezilla is a peer-to-peer network software written in C++ (core, aka Network Agent) and Java (GUI), and the GUI part is released under the GNU General Public License. It attempts to provide anonymity.

File sharing
File sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digital media, such as computer programs, multimedia (audio, images and video), documents or electronic books. Common methods of storage, transmission and dispersion include removable media, centralized servers on computer networks, Internet-based hyperlinked documents, and the use of distributed peer-to-peer networking.

File sharing technologies, such as BitTorrent, are integral to modern media piracy, as well as the sharing of scientific data and other free content.
Sisterabben Hill
Sisterabben Hill (73°21′S 0°44′W﻿ / ﻿73.350°S 0.733°W﻿ / -73.350; -0.733) is a hill about 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) north of Sistefjell Mountain, at the northeast end of the Kirwan Escarpment in Queen Maud Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Sisterabben (the last hill).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Sisterabben Hill". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition
The Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (also known as NBSX or NBSAE) (1949–1952) was the first Antarctica expedition involving an international team of scientists. The team members came from Norway, Sweden and the British Commonwealth of Nations.
Sword of Damocles
The Sword of Damocles is an ancient Greek moral anecdote, an allusion to the imminent and ever-present peril faced by those in positions of power. Its main character, Damocles, was based on a courtier in the court of Dionysius I of Syracuse, a ruler of Syracuse, Sicily, Magna Graecia, during the classical Greek era.

The anecdote apparently figured in the lost history of Sicily by Timaeus of Tauromenium (c. 356 – c. 260 BC). The Roman orator Cicero (c. 106 – c. 43 BC), who may have read it in the texts of Greek historian Diodorus Siculus, used it in his Tusculanae Disputationes, 5. 61, by which means it passed into the European cultural mainstream.

Timaeus (historian)
Timaeus of Tauromenium (Ancient Greek: Τιμαῖος; born 356 or 350 BC; died c. 260 BC) was an ancient Greek historian. He was widely regarded by ancient authors as the most influential historian between the time of Ephorus (4th century BC) and Polybius (2nd century BC). In the words of scholar Lionel I. C. Pearson, Timaeus "maintained his position as the standard authority on the history of the Greek West for nearly five centuries."
Max von Boehn (general)
Max Ferdinand Karl von Boehn (16 August 1850 − 18 February 1921) was a Prussian and German officer who served in the Franco-Prussian War and World War I. He reached the rank of Generaloberst and held several high commands in World War I. He was decorated with the Pour le Mérite with Oakleaves, Prussia's highest award for military valor.

Order of the Red Eagle
The Order of the Red Eagle (German: Roter Adlerorden) was an order of chivalry of the Kingdom of Prussia. It was awarded to both military personnel and civilians, to recognize valor in combat, excellence in military leadership, long and faithful service to the kingdom, or other achievements. As with most German and other European orders, the Order of the Red Eagle could be awarded only to commissioned officers or civilians of approximately equivalent status. However, there was a medal of the order, which could be awarded to non-commissioned officers and enlisted men, lower ranking civil servants and other civilians.
2007 Indianapolis Tennis Championships
The 2007 Indianapolis Tennis Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 20th edition of the Indianapolis Tennis Championships, and was part of the International Series of the 2007 ATP Tour. It took place at the Indianapolis Tennis Center in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, from July 23 through July 30, 2007.

The singles draw featured ATP No. 5, Australian Open semifinalist, Wimbledon quarterfinalist, Queen's Club winner and two-time Indianapolis champion Andy Roddick, Sydney titlist and Los Angeles runner-up James Blake, and Queen's Club and Nottingham semifinalist Dmitry Tursunov. Also present were Australian Open quarterfinalist Mardy Fish, Houston and Nottingham champion Ivo Karlović, Hyung-taik Lee, Robby Ginepri and Benjamin Becker, and a young Kei Nishikori, appearing in his first-ever ATP quarterfinal.

2007 Nottingham Open
The 2007 Nottingham Open was the 2007 edition of the Nottingham Open men's tennis tournament that was part of the International Series of the 2007 ATP Tour. It was the 18th edition of the tournament and was held from 18 June until 25 June and played on outdoor grass courts at the Nottingham Tennis Centre in Nottingham, United Kingdom. Second-seeded Ivo Karlović won the singles title.
CCNB-Edmundston
The Collège communautaire du Nouveau-Brunswick Edmundston Campus is one of the five campuses of the higher education institution Collège communautaire du Nouveau-Brunswick (CCNB). It comprises a main campus in Edmundston and another in Grand Falls, New Brunswick.

The college was founded in 1965 and welcomes over 2,000 students each year.

Edmundston
Edmundston (/ˈɛdməndstən/) is a city in Madawaska County, New Brunswick, Canada. Established in 1850, it had a population of 16,437 as of 2021.

On January 1, 2023, Edmundston amalgamated with the village of Rivière-Verte and parts of two local service districts; revised census figures have not been released.
The Godsend (film)
The Godsend is a 1980 British horror film directed by Gabrielle Beaumont, written by Olaf Pooley, and starring Malcolm Stoddard, Cyd Hayman, Angela Pleasence, Patrick Barr, Wilhelmina Green, and Joanne Boorman. It follows a family who adopt an infant girl from a strange woman, only to find that, as they raise her, their other children begin to die in a series of mysterious accidents. It is based on the 1976 novel The Godsend by Bernard Taylor. The film was released in the United States on 11 January 1980 by The Cannon Group, Inc.

Cyd Hayman
Cyd Hayman (born 1 May 1944) is an English film and stage actress.

She appeared in the films Percy (1971), Rogue Male (1976), The Human Factor (1979), The Godsend (1980), and Mask of Murder (1988).

Her television credits include Adam Adamant Lives!, The Two Ronnies, Manhunt, Clochemerle, The Persuaders!, The Lotus Eaters, Special Branch, Space: 1999, Tales of the Unexpected, and Lame Ducks.