hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Humarock
Humarock (often called Humarock Beach or Humarock Island) is part of Scituate, Massachusetts, United States. Humarock is a picturesque seaside village surrounded by water and situated on Cape Cod Bay midway between Boston and Plymouth. It was separated from the rest of the town in the Portland Gale of 1898 in which the mouth of the North River shifted.  Humarock is now accessible from Scituate only by boat or from the Town of Marshfield by bridge.

Cape Cod Bay
Cape Cod Bay is a large bay of the Atlantic Ocean adjacent to the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Measuring 604 square miles (1,560 km2) below a line drawn from Brant Rock in Marshfield to Race Point in Provincetown, Massachusetts, it is enclosed by Cape Cod to the south and east, and Plymouth County, Massachusetts, to the west. To the north of Cape Cod Bay lie Massachusetts Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. Cape Cod Bay is the southernmost extremity of the Gulf of Maine. Cape Cod Bay is one of the bays adjacent to Massachusetts that give it the name Bay State. The others are Narragansett Bay, Buzzards Bay, and Massachusetts Bay.
Salem metropolitan area (Oregon)
The Salem metropolitan statistical area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is a metropolitan statistical area consisting of two counties in western Oregon, Marion and Polk. The principal city is Salem, the state capital, which has a population of 175,535.

A July 1, 2024 census estimate placed the population at 443,416, an increase of 2.27% from the 2020 census, an increase of 11.88% from the 2010 census, and an increase of 21.70% from the 2000 census.

Western Oregon
Western Oregon is a geographical term that is generally taken to mean the part of the U.S. state of Oregon within 120 miles (190 km) of the state’s coastal region, on the west side of the crest of the Cascade Range. The term is applied somewhat loosely, however, and is sometimes taken to exclude the southwestern areas of the state, which are often referred to as Southern Oregon. In that case, Western Oregon refers only to the counties west of the Cascades and north of and including Lane County.

Western Oregon, being 120 by 250 miles (190 by 400 km) in area, is about the same size as New England minus Maine. Unlike the climate of Eastern Oregon, which is primarily dry and continental, the climate of Western Oregon is generally a moderate Mediterranean climate.
1993–94 WRU Challenge Cup
The 1993–94 WRU Challenge Cup, known for sponsorship reasons as the SWALEC Cup, was the 24th WRU Challenge Cup, the annual national rugby union cup competition of Wales. The competition was won by Cardiff who beat Llanelli 15-8 in the final.

Llanelli RFC
Llanelli Rugby Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Llanelli) was a Welsh rugby union club founded on 30 March 1872.

The club's historic home ground was Stradey Park in Llanelli, but they moved in 2008 to the new Parc y Scarlets in adjacent Pemberton. The club song is "Sosban Fach", a Welsh song meaning "Little Saucepan", which is sometimes sung by the club's fans during matches as the club anthem. The team colours are scarlet and white.

Following the 2003 regionalisation of Welsh rugby, Llanelli became a feeder club to the Scarlets regional team. Following the 2022-23 season, the club was disbanded.
Eric Oscroft
Eric Oscroft (20 April 1933 – 8 November 2013) was an English cricketer.  Oscroft was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm fast-medium.  He was born at Sutton-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire.

Oscroft made his first-class debut for Nottinghamshire against Warwickshire at Trent Bridge in the 1950 County Championship.  He made eight further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Surrey at The Oval in the 1951 County Championship. In his nine first-class appearances for Nottinghamshire, he took 13 wickets at an average of 54.38, with best figures of 4/88. With the bat, he scored a total of 8 runs at an average of 1.60, with a high score of 7 not out.

Sutton-in-Ashfield
Sutton-in-Ashfield is a market town in Nottinghamshire, England, with a population of 36,404 in 2021. It is the largest town in the district of Ashfield, four miles west of Mansfield, 2 miles (3 km) from the Derbyshire border and 12 miles (19 km) north of Nottingham.
1939 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1939.

Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry, residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events. Residue may be the material remaining after a process of preparation, separation, or purification, such as distillation, evaporation, or filtration. It may also denote the undesired by-products of a chemical reaction.

Residues as an undesired by-product are a concern in agricultural and food industries.
MTV Force India The Fast and The Gorgeous
MTV Force India The Fast and The Gorgeous is a reality show on MTV India produced in association with Indian Formula 1 team Force India. The show’s concept was to find four new face of Force India F1 for the 2009 season.

The show was hosted by the VJ Rannvijay Singh.

MTV India did not commission a second series. In 2011, Force India partnered with NDTV Good Times for a second season, presented by Ambika Anand.

MTV (India)
MTV is an Indian pay television channel specialising in music, reality and youth culture programming. It was launched in 1996 as the Indian version of the original American network and is owned by JioStar, under a license agreement with Paramount Networks EMEAA. Most of the programming on the channel is produced in Hindi. MTV India has its headquarters in Vile Parle in Mumbai.
Nepenthes benstonei
Nepenthes benstonei /nɪˈpɛnθiːz bɛnˈstoʊniaɪ/ is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Peninsular Malaysia, where it grows at elevations of 150–1350 m above sea level. The specific epithet benstonei honours botanist Benjamin Clemens Stone, who was one of the first to collect the species.

Forest Research Institute Malaysia
The Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM; Malay: Institut Penyelidikan Perhutanan Malaysia) is a statutory agency of the Government of Malaysia, under the Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability (NRES). It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that promotes sustainable management and optimal use of forest resources in Malaysia by generating knowledge and technology through research, development and application in tropical forestry. FRIM is located in Kepong, near Kuala Lumpur.

FRIM is the world's oldest and largest re-created tropical rain forest.
Edmond Tarverdyan
Edmond Tarverdyan is an Armenian mixed martial arts (MMA) trainer who co-owns the Glendale Fighting Club in Glendale, California. He has trained former UFC Bantamweight Champion Ronda Rousey, Travis Browne, Jake Ellenberger, boxer Art Hovhannisyan and  Edmen Shahbazyan.

Edmond Tarverdyan's credentials as a professional fight trainer and the quality of his boxing training have often drawn ridicule and mockery from the media and the MMA community. Tarverdyan got into trouble with the California State Athletic Commission about lying about his arrest history leading to his corner licence being revoked. The major criticism being that his fighter's skills appear to stagnate or decline under his coaching methods.

California State Athletic Commission
The California State Athletic Commission (CSAC) is a state government agency that regulates amateur and professional boxing, amateur and professional kickboxing, and professional mixed martial arts (MMA) throughout California by licensing all participants and supervising the events. CSAC operates under California's Department of Consumer Affairs.

In May 2017, CSAC implemented a 10-point plan against extreme weight-cutting inclusive of fine fighters who missed contracted fight weights, missed weight fighters may ask to move to higher weight class, a 30-day and 10-day weight check for “high level title fights among others  On October 25, 2019 CSAC passed a vote of 5–0 on cancelling a fight if fighters weighted more than 15% above their contracted fight weight on the day of the event.
Gnaeus Cornelius Blasio
Gnaeus Cornelius Blasio was a Roman statesman and general during the middle era of the Roman Republic. He was one of the two consuls of 257 BCE, serving with Gaius Atilius Regelus. Blasio was considered a princeps (leading member) of the Senate. He was consul during the First Punic War against Carthage. During his consulship he commanded the Republic's land forces on Sicily, while his fellow consul Regelus led the fleet. He did not achieve any stunning victories, but focused on consolidating Rome's power on the island.

Princeps
Princeps (plural: Principes) is a Latin word meaning "first in time or order; the first, foremost, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble; the first person". As a title, Princeps originated in the Roman Republic wherein the leading member of the Senate was designated princeps senatus. It is primarily associated with the Roman emperors as an unofficial title first adopted by Augustus (r. 27 BC – AD 14) in 27 BC. Its use in this context continued until the regime of Diocletian (r. 284–305) at the end of the third century. He preferred the title of dominus, meaning "lord" or "master". As a result, the Roman Empire from Augustus to Diocletian is termed the "principate" (principatus), and from Diocletian on the "dominate" (dominatus). Other historians define the reign of Augustus to Severus Alexander (r. 222–235) as the Principate, and the period afterwards as the "Autocracy".

The medieval title "Prince" goes back to princeps, as does the title Principal.
Lorna Cartwright
Lorna Cartwright is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera EastEnders, played by Janet Dibley intermittently between 31 July 1997 and 23 April 1998. Lorna was introduced primarily as a catalyst to break up Phil Mitchell's (Steve McFadden) marriage to Kathy Beale (Gillian Taylforth). Although producers reportedly wanted to develop the character further, actress Janet Dibley declined their offer of an extended contract, as she disagreed with a proposed storyline that would see Lorna gang raped. The character returned on 17 March 2016, as part of Phil's cirrhosis storyline.

Gang rape
In scholarly literature and criminology, gang rape, also called serial gang rape, party rape, group rape, or multiple perpetrator rape, is the rape of a single victim by two or more violators. Gang rapes are forged on shared identity, religion, ethnic group, or race. There are multiple motives for serial gang rapes, such as for sexual entitlement, asserting sexual prowess,  or punishment.

Gang rapes often occur during warfare, ethnic cleansing, and genocide.
The Medicine Will
"The Medicine Will" is a song recorded by American country music artist Brad Paisley that features on his thirteenth studio album Son of the Mountains. The song was released on September 29, 2023, alongside the title track, with both being included on Paisley's extended play The First Four Tracks. Paisley co-wrote the song with Lee Thomas Miller, and co-produced it with Luke Wooten, describing it as his favorite song he's ever written, with the lyrics highlighting the Opioid epidemic in the United States and how people in his home state of West Virginia have been impacted by it.

Sierra Hull
Sierra Dawn Hull (born September 27, 1991) is an American bluegrass singer-songwriter, mandolinist, and guitarist.

Hull was signed to Rounder Records at the age of 13 and released her debut vocal album, Secrets, in 2008 at the age of 16. The album peaked at No. 2 on the Billboard Top Bluegrass Albums chart. Her second album, Daybreak, was released on March 8, 2011.
Anthony Murley
Anthony Jonathan Murley (born 7 August 1957) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Murley was born at Radlett in August 1957. He was educated at Oundle School, before going up to St Catharine's College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge, he played first-class cricket for Cambridge University Cricket Club in 1981, making six appearances. Playing as an opening batsman alongside Peter Mills in five of these matches, he scored 152 runs at an average of 13.81 and a highest score of 48.

St Catharine's College, Cambridge
St Catharine's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. Founded in 1473 as Katharine Hall, it adopted its current name in 1860. The college is nicknamed "Catz". The college is located in the historic city-centre of Cambridge, and lies just south of King's College and across the street from Corpus Christi College. The college is notable for its open court (rather than closed quadrangle) that faces towards Trumpington Street.

The college community consists of approximately 1000 Fellows, graduate and undergraduate students, and staff. The college is led by a Master, and the college is run by a governing body comprising the official and professorial Fellows of the college, chaired by the Master. The current Master, Sir John Benger took up office on 1 October 2023.
Lompoc Air Force Station
Santa Rosa Island Air Force Station (ADC ID: RP-15, NORAD ID: Z-15) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station.  It is 5.6 miles (9.0 km) south-southwest of Lompoc, California.  It was closed in 1968 by the Air Force, and turned over to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

Today the site is part of the Joint Surveillance System (JSS), designated by NORAD as  Western Air Defense Sector (WADS) Ground Equipment Facility G-35.  It is also partially used by Air Force Space Command at Vandenberg AFB as a telemetry receiving station.

Joint Surveillance System
The Joint Surveillance System (JSS) is a joint United States Air Force and Federal Aviation Administration system for the atmospheric air defense of North America.  It replaced the Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) system in 1983.
International Jazz Festivals Organization
International Jazz Festivals Organization (IJFO) is an umbrella organization including 15 leading jazz festivals worldwide.

IJFO sponsors an international jazz award presented in partnership with the International Association for Jazz Education (IAJE) at their annual conferences, and rewards upcoming talents in the genre of jazz.

It was founded in 1982, when five European festival organisers met in Paris.

The recipient of the 2007 International Jazz Award for New Talent was Mathias Eick.

Umbrella organization
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members.
Protostropharia
Protostropharia, is a coprophilous agaric fungal genus that produces glutinous, mostly yellowish to yellow brown fruit bodies. Characteristically most form chrysocystidia and rather large, smooth, violaceous basidiospores each with a prominent germ pore (as Stropharia subg. Stercophila).  It is differentiated from Stropharia by production of astrocystidia on its mycelium rather than by acanthocytes that Stropharia produces. Phylogenetically, Protostropharia is distinct from Stropharia, Pholiota, and Leratiomyces. Two species, P. luteonitens and P. tuberosa, form pseudosclerotia within the dung substrate.

Germ pore
A germ pore is a small pore in the outer wall of a fungal spore through which the germ tube exits upon germination.  It can be apical or eccentric in its location, and, on light microscopy, may be visualized as a lighter coloured area on the cell wall.

Apical germ pore is mushroom spore which has a pore at one end. Some spores have a hole in the cell wall where the first strand of germinating mycelium emerges. If the cell wall is divided from one end to the other, this is called a germ slit. Commonly the germ pore is at one end of the mushroom spore and is called an apical pore.

Mushroom genera with apical germ pores include Agrocybe, Panaeolus, Psilocybe, and Pholiota.
There Will Never Be Another Tonight
"There Will Never Be Another Tonight" is a song written by Canadian musician Bryan Adams, Robert Lange, and Jim Vallance for Adams sixth studio album, Waking Up the Neighbours (1991). It was the third single released from the album, in November 1991 by A&M Records. The song peaked at number two on Canada's RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart, number six on the US Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart, and number 31 on the Billboard Hot 100. The song has only appeared on one compilation album released by Adams: Anthology (2005). Starting in 2009, the song is used as the opening theme song for the CBC reality competition, Battle of the Blades.

Battle of the Blades
Battle of the Blades (or BOTB for short) is a Canadian figure skating reality show and competition on CBC Television. The show originally aired for four seasons between 2009 and 2013.  It was revived for a fifth season in 2019.
It was first broadcast before a live audience at the historic Maple Leaf Gardens. However, with Maple Leaf Gardens under renovation, the show was filmed at Pinewood Toronto Studios in season two.  The venue moved again in season three to MasterCard Centre located in Etobicoke, Ontario. For the revived fifth season in 2019, the venue was at the FirstOntario Centre in Hamilton, Ontario.  The venue changed again in the sixth season to the CAA Centre, located in Brampton, Ontario.
1954 New Mexico gubernatorial election
The 1954 New Mexico gubernatorial election took place on November 2, 1954, in order to elect the Governor of New Mexico. Incumbent Republican Edwin L. Mechem was term-limited, and could not run for reelection to a third consecutive term. Democrat John F. Simms defeated Republican Alvin Stockton, winning the largest share of the vote for any candidate since Clyde Tingley in 1936. Simms was the first Democrat since Tingley in 1936 to carry Torrance County and Valencia County.

Edwin L. Mechem
Edwin Leard Mechem (July 2, 1912 – November 27, 2002) was an American attorney, politician, and jurist from New Mexico. He served as the 15th, 17th, and 19th governor of New Mexico, the first person born in the 20th century to become the state's governor, as well as the first person born in New Mexico after statehood to ascend to the office. During his final term as governor, Mechem appointed himself as a United States Senator, pursuant to the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. During his tenure, he was one of five non-Southern Republicans in the Senate to vote against the Civil Rights Act 1964. He was defeated in his bid to keep his senate seat in the 1964 United States Senate election in New Mexico. He later served as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Mexico.
Lagan (1941 film)
Lagan is a 1941 Indian Hindi language film. It was the fifth highest grossing Indian film of 1941. The film was directed by Nitin Bose for New Theatres Ltd. Calcutta. The film was a bilingual with K. L. Saigal and Kanan Devi acting as the lead in its Bengali language version, Porichoy. The music for both versions was by R. C. Boral. This was the last film Saigal did for New Theatres, Calcutta, before his move to Bombay to make films for different studios there.

The film was a romantic triangle involving a poet, his beloved, and her wealthy husband. A theme, which was later followed by Guru Dutt, for his film, Pyaasa (1956).

Guru Dutt
Guru Dutt (born Vasanth Kumar Shivashankar Padukone; 9 July 1925 – 10 October 1964; also known as Gurudatta Padukone) was an Indian film actor, director, producer, choreographer, and writer. He is regarded as one of the greatest filmmakers of Indian cinema. He was heavily influenced by Alfred Hitchcock in his initial films and later was compared with Orson Welles due to his works getting a legitimate amount of prominence amongst the cinephiles.

Dutt was lauded for his artistry, notably his usage of close-up shots, lighting, and depictions of melancholia. He directed a total of eight Hindi films, several of which have gained a cult following internationally. This includes Pyaasa (1957), which made its way onto Time magazine's 100 Greatest Movies list, as well as Kaagaz Ke Phool (1959), all of which are frequently listed among the greatest films in Hindi cinema. He was included among CNN's "Top 25 Asian Actors" in 2012.
2005–06 NCAA football bowl games
The 2005–06 NCAA football bowl games were a series of 28 post-season games (including the Bowl Championship Series) that was played in December 2005 and January 2006 for Division I-A football teams and all-stars from Divisions I-AA, II, and III, as well as from the NAIA. The post-season began with the New Orleans Bowl on December 20, 2005, and concluded with the Senior Bowl, played on January 28, 2006.

For the second consecutive year, the 28 team-competitive bowl games were played by 56 teams with winning records, as no teams with non-winning seasons (6–6, or .500) were invited to participate in bowl games.

Senior Bowl
The Senior Bowl is a post-season college football all-star game played annually in late January or early February in Mobile, Alabama, which showcases the best NFL draft prospects of those players who have completed their college eligibility. Produced by the non-profit Mobile Arts & Sports Association, the game is also a charitable fund-raiser, benefiting various local and regional organizations with over US$7.8 million in donations over its history. The game is sponsored by Panini America and is televised by the NFL Network.
Chris Mattina
Chris Henry Mattina (born 31 March 1993) is an American professional rugby union player. He plays as a centre, wing or full back for the Chicago Hounds in Major League Rugby (MLR).

He previously played for Rugby United New York (RUNY) and the Austin Gilgronis in the MLR. He was also a part of the professional USA 7s residency program at Chula Vista, California.

Rugby New York
Rugby New York, originally known as Rugby United New York and officially nicknamed the Ironworkers, was a professional rugby union team based in New York City that was a member of Major League Rugby (MLR). The team played an exhibition season in spring 2018 and joined MLR for its second full season in 2019. The team was founded by James Kennedy.

During the 2022 season, its first under the Rugby New York name, the team made its only MLR Final appearance, winning a title in front of 1,979 attendees at Red Bull Arena in nearby Harrison, New Jersey.

In December 2023, MLR announced that Rugby New York had withdrawn from the league and had folded, following a failed attempt to sell the team.
Russell A. Livigni
Russell A. Livigni (born 20 July 1934) is a rubber industry scientist and executive noted for his discovery and development of high trans styrene-butadiene rubber, a crystallizing rubber that provides superior oxidation resistance relative to natural rubber.

Strain crystallization
Strain crystallization is a phenomenon in which an initially amorphous solid material undergoes a phase transformation due to the application of strain. Strain crystallization occurs in natural rubber, as well as other elastomers and polymers. The phenomenon has important effects on strength and fatigue properties.