hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Věra Soukupová
Věra Soukupová (born 12 April 1932) is a Czech mezzo-soprano.

Born in Prague, Soukupová studied singing at the Prague Conservatory and privately with Luis Kadeřábek and A. Mustanová-Linková. She won several competitions, including the international singing competition in Prague (1954), the international singing competition in  Toulouse (1958), the competition at the Prague Spring Festival (1960), and the international singing competition in Rio de Janeiro (1963). She began her performance career as a concert singer in 1955 and in 1957 made her stage debut at the Divadlo Josefa Kajetána Tyla in Plzeň. In 1960 Soukupová became a principal artist at the National Theatre in Prague which has remained her principal home.

National Theatre (Prague)
The National Theatre (Czech: Národní divadlo) is a historic opera house in Prague, Czech Republic. It is known as the alma mater of Czech opera, and as the national monument of Czech history and art.

The National Theatre belongs to the most important Czech cultural institutions, with a rich artistic tradition, which helped to preserve and develop the most important features of the nation–the Czech language and a sense for a Czech musical and dramatic way of thinking.

Today the National Theatre consists of three artistic ensembles: opera, ballet and drama. They alternate in their performances in the historic building of the National Theatre, in the State Opera, in the Estates Theatre and in the Kolowrat Theatre. All three artistic ensembles select their repertoire both from classical heritage, and modern authors.
Joseph-Octave Latour
Joseph-Octave Latour (11 February 1906 – 22 May 1975) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a notary by profession.

Latour was born in Saint-Jérôme, Quebec, and attended Saint-Jérôme Collegiate, Sainte-Thérèse Seminary, and the Université de Montréal, where he obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree.

Between 1945 and 1958, he served as the registrar for Deux-Montagnes County.

After an unsuccessful campaign at the Argenteuil—Deux-Montagnes riding during the 1957 election, he was elected in the 1958 election. After serving one term, the 24th Canadian Parliament, Latour lost his seat in the 1962 election to Vincent Drouin of the Liberal party.

1958 Canadian federal election
The 1958 Canadian federal election was held to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 24th Parliament of Canada on March 31, 1958, just nine months after the 23rd election. It transformed Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's minority into the largest majority government in Canadian history and the second-largest percentage of the popular vote; only Unionist Prime Minister Robert Borden’s triumph in the 1917 federal election, at 56.93 percent, was higher. Although the Tories would surpass their 1958-seat total in the 1984 election, the 1958 result (achieved in a smaller House) remains unmatched both in terms of percentage of seats (78.5%) and the size of the government majority over all opposition parties (a 151-seat majority). Voter turnout was 79.4%, the highest percentage of eligible electors to cast a ballot in Canadian federal election history.
Decree on Land
The Decree on Land (Russian: Декретъ о землѣ), written by Vladimir Lenin, was passed by the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies on 8 November [O.S. 26 October] 1917, following the success of the October Revolution.

It decreed an abolition of private property, and the redistribution of the landed estates amongst the peasantry. According to the Decree on Land, the peasants had seized the lands of the nobility, monasteries and Church. This decree was followed on February 19, 1918, by a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, "The Fundamental Law of Land Socialization". These decrees were amended by the 1922 Land Code.

Private property
Private property is a legal designation for the ownership of property by non-governmental legal entities. Private property is distinguishable from public property, which is owned by a state entity, and from collective or cooperative property, which is owned by one or more non-governmental entities. Private property is foundational to capitalism, an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit. As a legal concept, private property is defined and enforced by a country's political system.
Bunhe
Bunhe (Ukrainian: Бунге) or Bunge (Ukrainian: Бунґе; Russian: Бунге, romanized: Bunge), also known as Yunokomunarivsk (Ukrainian: Юнокомунарівськ; Russian: Юнокоммунаровск), is a city in Yenakiieve urban hromada, Horlivka Raion, Donetsk Oblast (province) of Ukraine. Population: 13,495 (2022 estimate), 14,154 (2013 est.), 17,813 (2001).

Horlivka Raion
Horlivka Raion (Ukrainian: Горлівський район, romanized: Horlivskyi raion; Russian: Горловский район, romanized: Gorlovsky rayon) is a prospective raion (district) of Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. It was formally created in July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. The center of the raion is in the town of Horlivka. Population: 662,069 (2022 estimate). The area of the raion is occupied by Russia, which continues to use the old, pre-2020 administrative divisions of Ukraine. Prior to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, portions of the northern Maiorsk district of Horlivka were the only notable areas of the raion under Ukrainian government control.
Arivonimamo
Arivonimamo is a city (commune urbaine) in Itasy Region, in the Central Highlands of Madagascar.

Arivonimamo is connected by the National Road No.1 to Antananarivo (50 km in the east) and Tsiroanomandidy (west). The Antananarivo  international airport was there until replaced by Ivato in 1967. Now it is an airbase.

It borders to the communes of Miarinarivo in the west, Antananarivo and the Analamanga region in the North-east.

Itasy Region
Itasy is a region in central Madagascar. It borders Analamanga region in northeast, 
Vakinankaratra in south and Bongolava in northwest. The capital of the region is Miarinarivo, and the population was 897,962 in 2018. It is the smallest of all the 22 regions in area with 6,993 km2 (2,700 sq mi), and is the most densely populated region after Analamanga.
Maddy Prespakis
Madison Prespakis (born 2 November 2000) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the Essendon Football Club in the AFL Women's (AFLW). She previously played for the Carlton Football Club from 2019 to season 6. A midfielder who won multiple accolades at junior level and played in the VFL Women's (VFLW) as a teenager, Prespakis won the 2019 AFL Women's Rising Star award in her debut season and the 2020 AFL Women's best and fairest award in her second season. She is a three-time AFL Women's All-Australian, three-time Carlton best and fairest winner and was the inaugural Essendon best and fairest winner in season 7.

2019 AFL Women's All-Australian team
The 2019 AFL Women's All-Australian team represents the best-performed players of the 2019 AFL Women's season. It was announced on 2 April 2019 as a complete women's Australian rules football team of 21 players. The team is honorary and does not play any games.
Bitwise operation
In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit string, a bit array or a binary numeral (considered as a bit string) at the level of its individual bits. It is a fast and simple action, basic to the higher-level arithmetic operations and directly supported by the processor. Most architectures provide only a few high value bitwise operations, presented as two-operand instructions where the result replaces one of the input operands.

On simple low-cost processors, typically, bitwise operations are substantially faster than division, several times faster than multiplication, and sometimes significantly faster than addition. While modern processors usually perform addition and multiplication just as fast as bitwise operations due to their longer instruction pipelines and other architectural design choices, bitwise operations do commonly use less power because of the reduced use of resources.

Instruction pipelining
In computer engineering, instruction pipelining is a technique for implementing instruction-level parallelism within a single processor. Pipelining attempts to keep every part of the processor busy with some instruction by dividing incoming instructions into a series of sequential steps (the eponymous "pipeline") performed by different processor units with different parts of instructions processed in parallel.
Ivar Samset
Ivar Samset (4 December 1918 – 29 June 2015) was a Norwegian forester.

He was born in Skien. He graduated from the Norwegian College of Agriculture in 1944, and was a professor at the Norwegian College of Agriculture and research director at the Norwegian Forest Research Institute from 1956 to 1988. In 1977 he received an honorary degree from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. He was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. In 2004 he published the autobiography Storm gjennom skogene.

Norwegian University of Life Sciences
The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (Norwegian: Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet, NMBU) is a public university located in Ås, Norway. It is located  in Akershus county and has around 7,700 students.
SN 2013ej
SN 2013ej is a Type II-P supernova in the nearby spiral galaxy Messier 74 (NGC 628). It was discovered by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search on July 25, 2013, with the 0.76 m Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope, with pre-discovery images having been taken the day before.

Supernova 2013ej was noted for being as bright as 12th magnitude.

SN 2013ej was compared to supernovas SN 2004et and SN 2007od. Based on various observations it has been theorized that the supernova originated from a red supergiant star that went supernova.

SN 2013ej is one of the brightest Type II supernova detected to-date in NGC 628.

Red supergiant
Red supergiants (RSGs) are stars with a supergiant luminosity class (Yerkes class I) and a stellar classification K or M. They are the largest stars in the universe in terms of volume, although they are not the most massive or luminous. Betelgeuse and Antares A are the brightest and best known red supergiants (RSGs), indeed the only first magnitude red supergiant stars.
Arunarnsin Taib
Arunarnsin Taib (born 19 January 1966) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the State Assistant Minister of Youth and Sports of Sabah in the Heritage Party (WARISAN) administration under former Chief Minister Shafie Apdal and former Ministers Frankie Poon Ming Fung and Ginger Phoong Jin Zhe from May 2018 to the collapse of the WARISAN administration in September 2020, as well as Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Gum-Gum since May 2018.

Shafie cabinet
The Shafie cabinet of Sabah took office on 16 May 2018.

The cabinet consists of ministers and assistant ministers from the Sabah Heritage Party (WARISAN), the United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation (UPNO), Democratic Action Party (DAP) and People's Justice Party (PKR).
Quodlibet
A quodlibet (/ˈkwɒdlɪbɛt/; Latin for "whatever you wish" from quod, "what" and libet, "pleases") is a musical composition that combines several different melodies—usually popular tunes—in counterpoint, and often in a light-hearted, humorous manner.

There are three main types of quodlibet:

A catalogue quodlibet consists of a free setting of catalogue poetry (usually humorous lists of loosely related items).

In a successive quodlibet, one voice has short musical quotations and textual quotations while the other voices provide homophonic accompaniment.

In a simultaneous quodlibet, two or more pre-existing melodies are combined. The simultaneous quodlibet may be considered a historical antecedent to the modern-day musical mashup. Simultaneous quodlibets are found in elementary music classes, referred to as Partner Songs.

Melody
A melody (from Greek  μελῳδία (melōidía) 'singing, chanting'), also tune, voice, or line, is a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity. In its most literal sense, a melody is a combination of pitch and rhythm, while more figuratively, the term can include other musical elements such as tonal color. It is the foreground to the background accompaniment. A line or part need not be a foreground melody.

Melodies often consist of one or more musical phrases or motifs, and are usually repeated throughout a composition in various forms. Melodies may also be described by their melodic motion or the pitches or the intervals between pitches (predominantly conjunct or disjunct or with further restrictions), pitch range, tension and release, continuity and coherence, cadence, and shape.
Triviality (mathematics)
In mathematics, the adjective trivial is often used to refer to a claim or a case which can be readily obtained from context, or a particularly simple object possessing a given structure (e.g., group, topological space). The noun triviality usually refers to a simple technical aspect of some proof or definition. The origin of the term in mathematical language comes from the medieval trivium curriculum, which distinguishes from the more difficult quadrivium curriculum. The opposite of trivial is nontrivial, which is commonly used to indicate that an example or a solution is not simple, or that a statement or a theorem is not easy to prove.

Triviality does not have a rigorous definition in mathematics. It is subjective, and often determined in a given situation by the knowledge and experience of those considering the case.

Trivium
The trivium is the lower division of the seven liberal arts and comprises grammar, logic, and rhetoric.

The trivium is implicit in De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii ("On the Marriage of Philology and Mercury") by Martianus Capella, but the term was not used until the Carolingian Renaissance, when it was coined in imitation of the earlier quadrivium. Grammar, logic, and rhetoric were essential to a classical education, as explained in Plato's dialogues. The three subjects together were denoted by the word trivium during the Middle Ages, but the tradition of first learning those three subjects was established in ancient Greece, by rhetoricians such as Isocrates.: 12–23  Contemporary iterations have taken various forms, including those found in certain British and American universities (some being part of the Classical education movement) and at the independent Oundle School in the United Kingdom.
Violaxanthin
Violaxanthin is a xanthophyll pigment with an orange color found in a variety of plants. Violaxanthin is the product of the  epoxidation of zeaxanthin where the oxygen atoms are from reactive oxygen species (ROS).  Such ROS's arise when a plant is subject to solar radiation so intense that the light cannot all be absorbed by the chlorophyll.

Reactive oxygen species
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (O2), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are the hydroperoxide radical or hydroperoxyl (HO2), superoxide (O2−), the hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen(1O2).  ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O2, which is abundant.  ROS are important in many ways, both beneficial and otherwise.  ROS function as signals, that turn on and off biological functions.  They are intermediates in the redox behavior of O2, which is central to fuel cells.  ROS are central to the photodegradation of organic pollutants in the atmosphere.  Most often, however, ROS are discussed in a biological context, ranging from their effects on aging and their role in causing dangerous genetic mutations.
San Marino national under-17 football team
The San Marino national U-17 football team is the national under-17 football team of San Marino and is controlled by the San Marino Football Federation. The head coach is Pietro Rossi.

They have competed in the UEFA European Under-17 Championship qualifying rounds every year since 2003. They have so far played 44 official games with 40 defeats, three draws (against Andorra in 2012, Faroe Islands in 2005 and Armenia in 2015) and one victory (over Andorra, in 2002).

San Marino Football Federation
The San Marino Football Federation (FSGC; Italian: Federazione Sammarinese Giuoco Calcio) is the governing body of football in San Marino. It organizes the San Marino football league (Campionato Sammarinese), a national cup (Coppa Titano), a super cup (Trofeo Federale) and the San Marino national football team. It is based in the city of San Marino. As of 18 August 2024, the FIFA committee recognizes San Marino as the lowest-ranking team according to the FIFA World Rankings.

The FSGC also helped to create the original incarnation of A.S.D. Victor San Marino, a team that plays in Serie D, the fourth division of the Italian league.
1952 Wimbledon Championships – Women's doubles
Shirley Fry and Doris Hart successfully defended their title, defeating Louise Brough and Maureen Connolly in the final, 8–6, 6–3 to win the ladies' doubles tennis title at the 1952 Wimbledon Championships.

Maureen Connolly
Maureen Catherine Connolly-Brinker (née Connolly; September 17, 1934 – June 21, 1969), known as "Little Mo", was an American tennis player, the winner of nine major singles titles in the early 1950s. In 1953, she became the first woman to win a Grand Slam (all four major tournaments during the same calendar year). She is also the only player in history to win a title without losing a set at all four major championships. The following year, in July 1954, a horseback riding accident seriously injured her right leg and ended her competitive tennis career at age 19. She died of ovarian cancer at the age of 34.
Dzeudji
Dzeudji (also spelled N'Zodghi) is a village in south-eastern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Danguira, Alépé Department, La Mé Region, Lagunes District.

Dzeudji was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Alépé Department
Alépé Department is a department of La Mé Region in Lagunes District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 180,253 and its seat is the settlement of Alépé. The sub-prefectures of the department are Aboisso-Comoé, Alépé, Allosso, Danguira, and Oghlwapo.
Luqman Hakim
Luqman Hakim (born 12 April 1975) is an Indonesian politician who served as a member of the People's Representative Council between 2019 and 2024, representing the Central Java VI electoral district, which includes the Magelang Regency, Purworejo Regency, Wonosobo Regency, and Magelang City. Luqman is a cadre of the National Awakening Party and is currently serving as a Deputy Chairman of the Second Commission.

Magelang
Magelang (Javanese: ꦩꦒꦼꦭꦁ) is one of six cities in Central Java, Indonesia, that are administratively independent of the regencies in which they lie geographically. Each of these cities is governed by a mayor rather than a bupati. Magelang City covers an area of 18.56 km2 and had a population of 118,227 at the 2010 census and 121,526 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid-2024 was 128,709 (comprising 63,612 males and 65,097 females). It is geographically located in the middle of the Magelang Regency, between Mount Merbabu and Mount Sumbing in the south of the province, and lies 43 km north of Yogyakarta, 15 km north of Mungkid and 75 km south of Semarang, the capital of Central Java.
Charlotte Karam
Charlotte M. Karam is a Lebanese–Canadian university professor and scholar-activist known for her work in inclusive human resource systems, business ethics, leadership development, and feminist praxis. She currently holds the Ian Telfer Professorship in Inclusive Human Resource Systems at the Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa.

American University of Beirut
The American University of Beirut (AUB; Arabic: الجامعة الأميركية في بيروت, romanized: al-Jāmiʿa l-Amērkiyya fī Bayrūt) is a private, non-sectarian, and independent university chartered in New York with its main campus in Beirut, Lebanon. AUB is governed by a private, autonomous board of trustees and offers programs leading to bachelor's, master's, MD, and PhD degrees.

AUB has an operating budget of $423 million with an endowment of approximately $768 million. The campus is composed of 64 buildings, including the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC, formerly known as AUH – American University Hospital) (420 beds), four libraries, three museums and seven dormitories. Almost one-fifth of AUB's students attended secondary school or university outside Lebanon before coming to AUB. AUB graduates reside in more than 120 countries worldwide. The language of instruction is English. Degrees awarded at the university are officially registered with the New York Board of Regents.
Parotocinclus eppleyi
Parotocinclus eppleyi is a fish in the family Loricariidae native to South America. It is found swimming in the upper and middle portions of the Rio Orinoco. This species reaches a length of 3 cm (1.2 in).

The fish is named in honor of Capt. Marion Eppley (1883–1960), the founder of the Eppley Foundation for Research in New York, for its financial support of the authors’ 1989–1991 collecting efforts in Venezuela, which led to the discovery of this species.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Matti Pulli
Matti Pulli (8 September 1933 – 24 September 2016) was a Finnish Olympic ski jumping coach. He coached the 1984 and 1988 gold medalist Matti Nykänen. In the biographical film Matti: Hell Is for Heroes, the character of Maisteri was based loosely on Pulli.

Matti: Hell Is for Heroes
Matti: Hell Is for Heroes (Finnish: Matti) is a 2006 Finnish biographical film about Finnish skijumper Matti Nykänen. The film was directed by Aleksi Mäkelä and written by Marko Leino. With 461,665 views it was the most watched film in Finland in 2006.
1989 Budweiser 200
The 1989 Budweiser 200 was the first stock car race of the 1989 NASCAR Winston West Series season. The race was held on Sunday, April 30, 1989, at Madera Speedway, a 0.333 mile (0.536 km) oval shaped racetrack in Madera, California. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. Bill Sedgwick won the race, his first of the season and the first of his career. Sedgwick won by one second over Roy Smith. Sedgwick took the lead for the final time on the 127th lap, passing Hershel McGriff. McGriff, fighting through a handling problem in the final 50 laps, would finish third, and Bill Schmitt and Butch Gilliland rounded out the top five.

Bill Schmitt
Bill Schmitt (born February 13, 1936 – November 8, 2014) was an American professional stock car racing driver who competed in the NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the NASCAR Winston West Series.

Schmitt was a multiple time champion of the West Series, having won four championships and nineteen races from 1974 to 1993.

Schmitt also competed in series such as the NASCAR Northwest Series, the NASCAR Southwest Series, the USAC Stock Car Series, and the Trans Am Championship.