hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John W. Costello
John W. Costello was an American attorney and politician who served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, the Massachusetts Governor's Council, and was the Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts in 1964.

Massachusetts Governor's Council
The Massachusetts Governor's Council (also known as the Executive Council) is a governmental body that provides advice and consent in certain matters – such as judicial nominations, pardons, and commutations – to the Governor of Massachusetts.  Councillors are elected by the general public and their duties are set forth in the Massachusetts Constitution.

The Governor's Council has gone through many different formations throughout its history, at times being simply a legal counsel, also serving as provincial magistrates and judges, sometimes acting as an executive in the absence of a Governor, to serving as an upper house of the Massachusetts General Court (the state legislature). Whether going by the name of "Council of Assistants" or Governor's Council, the power of the council has ebbed and flowed; however, it has remained a mainstay in New England politics from the earliest colonial days of Massachusetts Bay.
Saint-Marcel-lès-Valence
Saint-Marcel-lès-Valence (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ maʁsɛl lɛ valɑ̃s], literally Saint-Marcel near Valence; Occitan: Sant Marçau de Valença) is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France.

Lès
The word lès (French pronunciation: [lɛ] ⓘ, and [lɛz‿] with liaison) is an archaic French preposition meaning "near", "nearby", or "next to". Today it occurs only in place names to distinguish places with the same name.

The word lès has two variants: lez and les. The latter should not be confused with the plural definite article les (e.g. les-Bains, "the Baths").
Punshon
Punshon is a surname, found in Australia and the UK. Notable people with this surname include:

Arthur Punshon (1891–1955), Australian rules football player

E. R. Punshon (1872–1956), English novelist

Monte Punshon (1882–1989), Australian artist and teacher

William Morley Punshon (1824 – 1881), English Methodist preacher

E. R. Punshon
Ernest Robertson Punshon (born East Dulwich, London 25 June 1872 – died Streatham, London 23 October 1956) was an English novelist and literary critic of the early to mid 20th century. He also wrote under the pseudonyms Robertson Halkett and Robertson Halket. Primarily writing on crime and deduction, he enjoyed some literary success in the 1930s and 1940s. Today, he is remembered, in the main, as the creator of Police Constable Bobby Owen, the protagonist of many of Punshon's novels, who was eventually promoted to sergeant, inspector, superintendent and, finally, commander. A popular Scotland Yard detective, Owen appeared in 35 novels from 1933 to 1956.  Punshon reviewed many of Agatha Christie's novels for The Guardian on their first publication. Punshon was also a prolific writer of short stories, and a selection of his crime and horror fiction has recently been collected together.
Woodside (Buckingham, Virginia)
Woodside is a historic plantation house located at Buckingham, Buckingham County, Virginia. The main house was built about 1860, and is a two-story, five-bay, T-shaped frame dwelling in the Greek Revival style. It consists of a projecting three-bay, pedimented pavilion with flanking one-bay, hip-roofed wings.  It has a hipped roof and is sheathed in weatherboard siding. In 1937 a kitchen wing was added to the rear elevation of the dwelling.  Also on the property are a contributing smokehouse (c. 1860), a covered well and the sites of an icehouse, kitchen, dairy, and corncrib.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
Pazardzhik Province
42°5′N 24°15′E﻿ / ﻿42.083°N 24.250°E﻿ / 42.083; 24.250

Pazardzhik Province (Bulgarian: Област Пазарджик Oblast Pazardzhik, former name Pazardzhik okrug) is a province in Southern Bulgaria, named after its administrative and industrial centre: the city of Pazardzhik. The territory is 4,456.9 km2 (1,720.8 sq mi) that is divided into 12 municipalities with a total population of 275,548 inhabitants, as of February 2011.

Okrug
An okrug is a type of administrative division in some Slavic-speaking states. The word okrug is a loanword in English, alternatively translated as area, district, county, or region.

Etymologically, okrug literally means 'circuit', derived from Proto-Slavic *okrǫgъ, in turn from *ob- "around" + *krǫgъ "circle". In meaning, the word is similar to the German term Bezirk or Kreis ('district') and the French word arrondissement; all of which refer to something "encircled" or "surrounded".
José Martell
José Luis Martell (born 21 October 1976) is a retired Mexican male volleyball player. He was part of the Mexico men's national volleyball team at the 2010 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship in Italy. He played for IMSS VALLE DE MEXICO until 2012 where he then retired.

Mexico men's national volleyball team
The Mexico men's national volleyball team represents Mexico in international volleyball competitions. In the 1950s the squad twice won a medal (silver and bronze) at the Pan American Games. The dominant forces in men's volleyball in North and Central America are Cuba and the United States.
Commonplace book
Commonplace books (or commonplaces) are personal notebooks used to compile any information the owner finds interesting or useful. They can variously contain notes, proverbs, adages, aphorisms, maxims, recipes, quotes, letters, poems, tables of weights and measures, prayers, legal formulas, and other professional references. They have been kept from antiquity, and were kept particularly during the Renaissance and in the nineteenth century.

Entries are most often organized under systematic subject headings and differ functionally from journals or diaries, which are chronological and introspective.

Maxim (philosophy)
A maxim is a moral rule or principle which can be considered dependent on one's philosophy. A maxim is often pedagogical and motivates specific actions. Simon Blackburn, in the Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy defines it generally as:

"any simple and memorable rule or guide for living ... associated with a simplistic 'folksy' or 'copy-book' approach to morality",

providing as examples:

"neither a borrower nor a lender be";

Tennyson's "little hoard of maxims preaching down a daughter's heart", from his 1835 poem, Locksley Hall.

Blackburn also notes that in Immanuel Kant's usage,

"each action proceeds according to a maxim or subjective principle in accordance with which it is performed, and it is the maxim that determines the moral worth of any action[.] The first form of the categorical imperative asserts that one can tell whether an action is right by seeing whether its maxim can consistently be willed to be universal law."
Xin Co
Xin Co (Chinese: 新错, Tibetan: ཤིན་མཚོ) is a high-altitude glacial lake situated at 4,820 meters (15,814 ft) in Nyingchi Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Covering 26 km2, it lies within the Nyenchen Tanglha Mountain range and feeds the upper reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River. The lake's turquoise waters, with pH levels averaging 8.3, support endemic species such as the Tibetan snowtrout (Schizopygopsis thermalis) and migratory black-necked cranes (Grus nigricollis). Its shoreline hosts rare alpine flora, including Rhododendron nivale and cushion plant communities (Androsace tapete), adapted to temperatures as low as -30 °C.

Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains
The Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains (officially spelt Nyainqêntanglha Mountains in Chinese) are a 700-kilometre (430 mi) long mountain range, and subrange of the Transhimalaya System, located in Tibet and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.
Madras Sappers Military Band
The Madras Sappers Military Band is one of the close to 50 Indian Army regimental bands, serving as part of the Madras Engineer Group in Bangalore. It was raised in 1951 with 30 bandsmen in its ranks. Lance Havildar Peter was the first bandmaster. The Madras Sappers Pipes and Drums was previously raised in 1934. It was selected as the ceremonial band for the Rashtrapati Bhavan in 1992.

It has performed at arrival ceremonies at the Rashtrapati Bhavan as well as events hosted by the President of India. It participates in rermemberance ceremonies in honor of those who were killed in Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and the Bangladesh Liberation War. It has performed in various domestic parades and ceremonies such as the Delhi Republic Day parade. It has also taken part in Republic Day parades in Bangalor as well as foreign events such as the 1987 South Asian Games and 2003 Afro-Asian Games.

1987 South Asian Games
The 1987 South Asian Games, officially the 3rd South Asian Federation Games were a multi-sport event, held in Kolkata, India from 20 November to 27 November 1987. It was the largest sporting event ever to be held in Kolkata, and West Bengal as a whole. This was also the first time India hosted these Games.

The games were opened by Indian president R. Venkataraman and the Games Flame was carried by Indian runner Milkha Singh, with Leslie Claudius lighting the flame.

A total of 10 disciplines were contested in these Games. India was the major medal winner at these events, garnering approximately 43% of all the medals. Seven nations participated in these Games.
Shaila Scott
Shaila Scott is an American radio personality. A native New Yorker from Harlem, she has worked in New York radio for 30 years as of 2018. Scott is currently a midday on-air radio personalities for WBLS 107.5 FM. Scott graduated Buffalo State College with a B.A in radio and television in 1985. Her first job was as an on-air personality for WBLK in Buffalo where she worked for four years, followed by six years at WBLS. She joined 98.7 KISS FM in New York City in 1994 as the first hostess of love show Kissing After Dark and co-host to Jeff Foxx, Talent and Bob Slade of the 98.7 KISS FM morning show, The Wake Up Club for 5 years. In 2010 Scott and Fred Buggs received the Excellence In Radio Broadcast Journalism Award. Following the closure of KISS FM, she re-joined the WBLS team in April 2012.

She is the mother of media personality and model Scottie Beam.

WBLS
WBLS (107.5 MHz) is an urban adult contemporary formatted FM radio station, licensed to New York, New York. It is currently owned and operated by MediaCo Holding, along with sister station WQHT (97.1 FM). The stations share studios in the Hudson Square neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, and WBLS' transmitter is located at the Empire State Building. It was previously owned by YMF Media LLC, owned jointly by investor Ronald Burkle and Magic Johnson, which had assumed control of WBLS and WLIB's former parent company, Inner City Broadcasting Corporation, on October 19, 2012, at a purchase price of $180 million.
Blackshape Prime
The Blackshape Prime is an Italian ultralight aircraft, produced by Blackshape srl, the company founded in Monopoli by Luciano Belviso and Angelo Petrosillo. The aircraft first flew in 2007 and was introduced at the Aero show held in Friedrichshafen in 2009. It is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Monopoli
Monopoli (Italian: [moˈnɔːpoli]; Monopolitan: Menòpele [məˈnɔːpələ] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in Italy, in the Metropolitan City of Bari and region of Apulia. The town is roughly 156 square kilometres (60 sq mi) in area and lies on the Adriatic Sea about 40 kilometres (25 miles) southeast of Bari. It has a population of 49,246 (2014), and is important mostly as an agricultural, industrial and tourist centre.
Will Simpson (equestrian)
William "Will" Simpson (born June 9, 1959, in Springfield, Illinois) is an American show jumping competitor and Olympic champion.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Simpson won the gold medal as part of the United States team in team jumping, together with McLain Ward, Laura Kraut, and Beezie Madden.

In 2010 Simpson was featured in the television series A Rider's Story
along with his wife, fellow Grand Prix show jumper Nicole Shahinian-Simpson.

FanDuel Racing
FanDuel Racing (formerly TVG2, HRTV, and Meadows Racing Network) is an American sports-oriented digital cable and satellite television network. It is part of the FanDuel Group and is owned by Flutter Entertainment. Dedicated to horse racing, it broadcasts events from U.S. and international racetracks, as well as a range of English and Western horse competitions, news, original programming and documentaries
Rutland Jewish Center
The Rutland Jewish Center is a non-denominational Jewish synagogue and religious community center located at 96 Grove Street in Rutland, Vermont, in the United States. The synagogue, owned by the  Congregation Adath Israel, is located in the former H. H. Baxter Memorial Library building, a Richardsonian Romanesque structure that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Rutland (city), Vermont
Rutland is the only city in and the seat of Rutland County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 15,807. It is located approximately 65 miles (105 km) north of the Massachusetts state line, 35 miles (56 km) west of New Hampshire state line, and 20 miles (32 km) east of the New York state line. Rutland is the third largest city in the state of Vermont after Burlington and South Burlington. Rutland City is completely surrounded by Rutland Town, which is a separate municipality. The downtown area of the city is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.
Spiroctenus
Spiroctenus is a genus of African mygalomorph spiders in the family Bemmeridae. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1889. Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, it was transferred to the funnel-web trapdoor spiders in 1985, and to the Bemmeridae in 2020. It is a senior synonym of Bemmeris, Bessia, and Ctenonemus.

Eugène Simon
Eugène Louis Simon (French pronunciation: [øʒɛn lwi simɔ̃]; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider taxonomist in history, describing over 4,000 species.
Copper–copper(II) sulfate electrode
The copper–copper(II) sulfate electrode is a reference electrode of the first kind, based on the redox reaction with participation of the metal (copper) and its salt, copper(II) sulfate.
It is used for measuring electrode potential and is the most commonly used reference electrode for testing cathodic protection corrosion control systems. The corresponding equation can be presented as follow:

Cu2+ + 2e− → Cu0(metal)

This reaction is characterized by reversible and fast electrode kinetics, meaning that a sufficiently high current can be passed through the electrode with 100% efficiency of the redox reaction (dissolution of the metal or cathodic deposition of the copper-ions).

The Nernst equation below shows the dependence of the potential of the copper-copper(II) sulfate electrode on the activity or concentration copper-ions:

The potential of a copper–copper sulfate electrode is +0.314 volt with respect to the standard hydrogen electrode.

Electrode potential
In electrochemistry, electrode potential is the voltage of a galvanic cell built from a standard reference electrode and another electrode to be characterized. The standard electrode potential is a conventional instance of this concept whose reference electrode is the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), defined to have a potential of zero volts. It may also be defined as the potential difference between the charged metallic rods and salt solution.

The electrode potential has its origin in the potential difference developed at the interface between the electrode and the electrolyte. It is common, for instance, to speak of the electrode potential of the M+/M redox couple.
Australia at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Australia competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. Australia sent 417 athletes, 250 men and 167 women, to the Atlanta Games.

An Australian segment was featured in the closing ceremony, as Australia was to host the next edition of the Summer Olympics in Sydney four years later.

Nicole Livingstone
Nicole Dawn Livingstone, AO (born 24 June 1971) is an Australian former competitive swimmer. Since retiring from swimming Livingstone has had careers as a television sports commentator and media presenter and as a sports administrator. She was known for a period as Nicole Stevenson, when she was married to Australian cyclist Clayton Stevenson.
Alan Smith (footballer, born 1950)
Alan Michael Smith (born 1 September 1950) is an English former amateur footballer who played as a winger in the Football League for York City, and in non-League football for Harrogate Railway Athletic, Bradford Park Avenue, Bridlington Town, Ossett Albion and Harrogate Town. He joined Harrogate as player-manager in 1979, before retiring from playing in 1984. He served as general manager from 1990 to 1991 before taking as team manager again in 1994.

Bridlington Town A.F.C.
Bridlington Town Association Football Club is an association football club based in Bridlington, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. They were founded in 1918 and currently play in the Northern Premier League Division One East.
Itron
Itron, Inc. is an American technology company that offers products and services for energy and water resource management. It is headquartered in Liberty Lake, Washington, United States. The company's products measure and analyze electricity, gas and water consumption. Its products include electricity, gas, water and thermal energy measurement devices and control technology, communications systems, software, as well as managed and consulting services.

Liberty Lake, Washington
Liberty Lake is a city in Spokane County, Washington, United States, located adjacent to the eponymous lake. Located just over a mile (about 2 km) west of the Washington–Idaho border, Liberty Lake is both a suburb of Spokane, Washington, and a bedroom community to Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. The population was 12,003 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 13,353 in 2024.

Liberty Lake was named after a pioneer who settled near the lake, Etienne Edward Laliberte, later he changed his name to Steve Liberty. The town was previously called Arturdee.
Goh Choon Phong
Goh Choon Phong (simplified Chinese: 吴俊鹏; traditional Chinese: 吳俊鵬; pinyin: Wú Jùnpéng) is a Singaporean businessman who is the chief executive officer (CEO) of Singapore Airlines and Singapore Airlines Cargo. He was formally appointed to be the CEO on 1 January 2011 in an announcement dated 3 September 2010. Prior to his appointment, he worked for the SIA group for more than 20 years for the airlines' operations in China and Scandinavia.

SilkAir
SilkAir Singapore Private Limited, operating as SilkAir, was a Singaporean regional airline with its head office in Changi, Singapore. It was a wholly owned subsidiary of Singapore Airlines and in 2017, operated scheduled passenger services from Singapore to 54 cities in Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, East Asia, and Northern Australia. As the regional wing of Singapore Airlines, it served the short to medium-haul destinations in the Singapore Airlines Group network.

By the end of 2021, SilkAir ceased operations, with all flights transferred to its parent company Singapore Airlines or its low-cost affiliate Scoot.
Mauro Corona
Mauro Corona (Baselga di Piné, 9 August 1950), is an Italian writer, mountaineer and wood carver.

Author of several books, some of which are bestseller, he dedicated himself to mountaineering, by climbing many Italian and foreign peaks and opening over 230 climbing routes in the Friulian Dolomites.

Longarone
Longarone is a town and comune on the banks of the Piave in the province of Belluno, in northeast Italy. It is situated 35 kilometres (22 miles) from Belluno.

4,642 people work all together in Longarone, which is 112.62% of the total population, with most actual inhabitants working within the village.
2016 Thailand Open Grand Prix Gold
The 2016 Thailand Open Grand Prix Gold will be the 14th grand prix's badminton tournament of the 2016 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament will be held at Nimibutr Stadium in Bangkok in Thailand 4–9 October 2016 and had a total purse of $120,000.

Bodin Isara
Bodin Isara (born 12 December 1990) is badminton player and Rattana Bundit University's student from Thailand. He competed for Thailand at the 2012 Summer Olympics with Maneepong Jongjit but was defeated in the quarterfinals by Malaysia's Koo Kien Keat and Tan Boon Heong. In 2013, Isara switched from competing for the national squad to competing for the Granular Club, an independent badminton club in Thailand. Currently his partner is Nipitphon Phuangphuapet.

On 21 July 2013, Isara was suspended for two years for his role in a brawl with former teammate Maneepong Jongjit during the men's doubles final at the 2013 Canada Open Grand Prix.
Little Theatre Guild of Great Britain
The Little Theatre Guild of Great Britain (LTG) is an Umbrella organisation promoting and supporting independent amateur theatre companies which have control over their own premises and produce drama of a high quality for the benefit of their communities. It has been credited with being pivotal in securing recognition for the theatrical contribution of little theatres in the United Kingdom.

Umbrella organization
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members.
Punsia railway station
Punsia railway station is a railway station on the Dumka–Bhagalpur line of Sahibganj loop under Malda railway division of the Eastern Railway Zone. The station is situated beside State Highway 23 at Punsia in Banka district in the Indian state of Bihar.

Eastern Railway zone
22°34′21.8″N 88°21′50.2″E﻿ / ﻿22.572722°N 88.363944°E﻿ / 22.572722; 88.363944

The Eastern Railway (abbreviated ER) is among the 19 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place (Kolkata) and comprises four divisions: Howrah, Malda, Sealdah, and Asansol. Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). The name of the division denotes the name of the city where the divisional headquarters is located. Eastern Railway oversees the largest and second largest rail complexes in the country, Howrah Junction and Sealdah railway station, and also contains the highest number of A1 and A Category Stations like Howrah, Malda Town,
Sealdah, Asansol, Kolkata, Durgapur, Barddhaman, Jasidih, Madhupur, Rampurhat Junction, Bhagalpur, Jamalpur, Bandel and Naihati. Eastern Railways operates India's oldest train, Kalka Mail.
Molazzana
Molazzana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lucca in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Florence and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Lucca.

Molazzana borders the following municipalities: Barga, Careggine, Castelnuovo di Garfagnana, Gallicano, Stazzema, Fabbriche di Vergemoli.

Barga, Tuscany
Barga is a medieval town and comune of the province of Lucca in Tuscany, central Italy. It is home to around 10,000 people and is the chief town of the "Media Valle" (mid valley) of the Serchio River. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Barga is a member of Cittaslow.