hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Upson Clark
Charles Upson Clark (January 14, 1875 – September 29, 1960) was a professor of history at Columbia University. He discovered the Barberini Codex, the earliest Aztec writings on herbal medicines extant.

Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis
The Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis (Latin for "Little Book of the Medicinal Herbs of the Indians") is an Aztec herbal manuscript, describing the medicinal properties of 250 plants used by the Aztecs. It was translated into Latin by Juan Badiano, from a Nahuatl original composed in the Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco in 1552 by Martín de la Cruz that is no longer existant. The Libellus is also known as the Badianus Manuscript, after the translator; the Codex de la Cruz-Badiano, after both the original author and translator; and the Codex Barberini, after Cardinal Francesco Barberini, who had possession of the manuscript in the early 17th century.

The Badianus Manuscript of 1552 is the first illustrated and descriptive scientific text of Nahua medicine and botany produced in the Americas. It is a significant text in the history of botany and the history of medicine.
Table tennis at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Men's individual – Class 9
The Men's individual table tennis - Class 9 tournament at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London took place from 30 August to 2 September 2012 at ExCeL Exhibition Centre. Classes 6–10 are for athletes with a physical impairment who competed from a standing position; the lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment was on an athlete's ability to compete.

In the preliminary stage, athletes competed in four groups of three. Winners of each group qualified for the semi-finals, together with four seeded players given byes for the preliminary round.

Excel London
Excel London (formerly styled as ExCeL, an abbreviation for Exhibition Centre London) is an international exhibition and convention centre in the Custom House area of Newham, East London. The facility is situated on a 100-acre (0.40 km2) site on the northern quay of the Royal Victoria Dock in London Docklands, located between Canary Wharf and London City Airport.
Jat'u K'achi
Jat'u K'achi (Aymara jat'u the stripes on a blanket, k'achi incisors; chin; vertex, edge, possibly "stripe incisors", Hispanicized spelling Jatucachi) is a  mountain in the Andes of southern Peru, about 5,200 metres (17,060 ft) high. It is located on the border of the Moquegua Region, General Sánchez Cerro Province, Ichuña District, and the Puno Region, Puno Province, San Antonio District. Jat'u K'achi lies west of the mountain Chuqipata, northeast of Millu and southeast of Pura Purani.

Department of Puno
Puno (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpuno]; Aymara and Quechua: Punu) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's southeast, it is the fifth largest department in Peru, after Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto. It is bordered by Bolivia to the east, the departments of Madre de Dios to the north, Cusco and Arequipa to the west, Moquegua to the southwest, and Tacna to the south. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Puno, which is located on Lake Titicaca in the geographical region known as the Altiplano or high sierra.
Kaho Onodera
Kaho Onodera (小野寺 佳步, Onodera Kaho; born 11 November 1991 in Tokoro) is a Japanese curler from Sapporo, Hokkaido. She is the third on the FORTIUS curling team, which won the Japan Curling Championships in 2015, 2021 and 2025. At the international level, she has represented Japan at four World Women's Curling Championship (2015, 2018, 2021, 2025) and three Pacific-Asia Curling Championships in 2013, 2014 and 2021, winning the gold medal in 2021.

Tokoro, Hokkaido
Tokoro (常呂町, Tokoro-chō) is a small town, formerly an independent administrative division located in Tokoro District, Abashiri Subprefecture (now Okhotsk Subprefecture), Hokkaido, Japan. On March 5, 2006, the division, along with the towns of Rubeshibe and Tanno (all from Tokoro District), was merged into a part of the expanded city of Kitami, and became Tokoro Town, Kitami City.
Epirrhoe molluginata
Epirrhoe molluginata is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found from the southern part of central Europe to the Caucasus.

The wingspan is about 23–27 mm. Adults are on wing from May to July.

The larvae feed on Galium species, including Galium mollugo and Galium sylvaticum. The species overwinters as a pupa.

Galium mollugo
Galium mollugo, common name hedge bedstraw or false baby's breath, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Rubiaceae. It shares the name hedge bedstraw with the related European species, Galium album.
Isonicotinamide
Isonicotinamide (pyridine-4-carboxamide) is the amide form of isonicotinic acid. It is an isomer of nicotinamide, which has the carboxamide group in the 3-position.

It is soluble in water (191 g/L), and is also soluble in ethanol, DMSO, methanol, chloroform, chloroform/methanol mixtures, and  dioxane (10 mg/L). This compound is used for material synthesis.

Compounds in which the amide nitrogen is connected to another, and then doubly-bonded, are called isonicotinoylhydrazones.

Methanol
Methanol (also called methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the chemical formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH). It is a light, volatile, colorless and flammable liquid with a distinctive alcoholic odor similar to that of ethanol (potable alcohol), but is more acutely toxic than the latter.
Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced through destructive distillation of wood. Today, methanol is mainly produced industrially by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide.

Methanol consists of a methyl group linked to a polar hydroxyl group. With more than 20 million tons produced annually, it is used as a precursor to other commodity chemicals, including formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl benzoate, anisole, peroxyacids, as well as a host of more specialized chemicals.
Omnisend
Omnisend is a marketing automation platform for ecommerce businesses, focusing on email and SMS marketing. It is designed by the company Omnisend, established in 2014 under the name Soundest. Omnisend is headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

BigCommerce
BigCommerce Inc. is a NASDAQ-listed ecommerce platform that provides software as a service services to retailers. The company's platform includes online store creation, search engine optimization, hosting, and marketing and security from small to Enterprise sized businesses.
Scott Kalitta
Scott D. Kalitta (February 18, 1962 – June 21, 2008) was an American drag racer who competed in the Funny Car and Top Fuel classes in the National Hot Rod Association (NHRA) Full Throttle Drag Racing Series. He had 17 career Top Fuel wins and one career Funny Car win. At the time of his death due to an accident during race qualifying, he was one of 14 drivers to win in both divisions. He was the son of veteran NHRA driver and crew chief Connie Kalitta.

Drag racing
Drag racing is a type of motor racing in which automobiles or motorcycles compete, usually two at a time, to be first to cross a set finish line. The race follows a short, straight course from a standing start over a measured distance, most commonly 1⁄4 mi (1,320 ft; 402 m), with a shorter, 1,000 ft (0.19 mi; 304.80 m) distance becoming increasingly popular, as it has become the standard for Top Fuel dragsters and Funny Cars, where some major bracket races and other sanctioning bodies have adopted it as the standard. The 1⁄8 mi (660 ft; 201 m) is also popular in some circles. Electronic timing and speed sensing systems have been used to record race results since the 1960s.

The history of automobiles and motorcycles being used for drag racing is nearly as long as the history of motorized vehicles themselves, and has taken the form of both illegal street racing and as a regulated motorsport.
DecoTurf
DecoTurf is a brand of tennis hardcourt constructed from layers of acrylic resin, rubber, silica, and other materials on top of an asphalt or concrete base. It is manufactured by the sports surfaces division of California Products Corporation, based in Andover, Massachusetts.

The surface is currently in use at the following tournaments:

Washington Open

Dubai Championships

Canada Masters

China Open

Japan Open

Shanghai Masters

DecoTurf was used at the US Open from 1978 to 2019, at the 2020 Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan; the 2008 Olympics held in Beijing, China and the 2004 Olympics held in Athens, Greece, as well as the Paralympic Games at both sites.

Japan Open (tennis)
The Japan Open, currently sponsored by the Kinoshita Group, is a men's tennis tournament held in Ariake Tennis Forest Park with its center court Ariake Coliseum, located in Koto, Tokyo. It has been held since 1972. In 2018, the venue switched to the Musashino Forest Sports Plaza as the Ariake Coliseum was renovated for the tennis events at the 2020 Summer Olympics. The championship includes men's singles and doubles competitions.
Hildegard Puwak
Hildegard Carola Puwak (16 September 1949–25 May 2018) was a Romanian politician, a member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), who served as the Minister for European Integration from 2000 until October 2003 (as part of the Adrian Năstase cabinet). Puwak was of German ethnicity (Swabian) and represented Timiș County in the Chamber of Deputies from 1996 to 2004.

Banat Swabians
The Banat Swabians are an ethnic German population in the former Kingdom of Hungary in Central-Southeast Europe, part of the culturally homogenous but geographically widespread group of Danube Swabians, and of the culturally varied Germans of Romania. They emigrated in the 18th century to what was then the Austrian Empire's Banat of Temeswar province, a province which had been left sparsely populated in the wake of the wars against the Ottoman Empire. At the end of World War I in 1918, the Swabian minority worked together with the Hungarians and Jews to establish an independent multi-ethnic Banat Republic; however, the province was divided by the Treaty of Versailles of 1919, and the Treaty of Trianon of 1920. The greater part was annexed by Romania, a smaller part by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed Yugoslavia in 1929), with just a small region around Szeged remaining part of Hungary.
East Hartford Velodrome
The East Hartford Velodrome was a velodrome in East Hartford, Connecticut. In its three-year lifespan, it hosted football and boxing events before it was demolished in 1929.

The Hartford Blues played their 1926 and 1927 seasons at the velodrome, a then-new bicycle track located across the Connecticut River in East Hartford. The grass football field barely fit inside the wooden track. Its capacity was 8,000 spectators.

Velodrome
A velodrome is an arena for track cycling. Modern velodromes feature steeply banked oval tracks, consisting of two 180-degree circular bends connected by two straights. The straights transition to the circular turn through a moderate easement curve.
Goat cheese
Goat cheese, goat's cheese or chèvre (/ˈʃɛv(rə)/ SHEV(-rə); from the French fromage de chèvre [fʁɔmaʒ də ʃɛvʁ] with the same meaning) is cheese made from goat's milk. Goats were among the first animals to be domesticated for producing food. Goat cheese is made around the world with a variety of recipes, giving many different styles of cheeses, from fresh and soft to aged and hard.

Whey
Whey, also known as milk serum, is the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained. It is a byproduct of the manufacturing of cheese or casein and has several commercial uses. Sweet whey is a byproduct of the making of rennet types of hard cheese, like cheddar or Swiss cheese. Acid whey (also known as sour whey) is a byproduct of the making of acidic dairy products such as strained yogurt.

Whey proteins consist of β-lactoglobulin (48%–58%), α-lactalbumin (13%–19%), Glycomacropeptide (12%–20%), bovine serum albumin, heavy and light chain immunoglobulins and several minor whey proteins.
Tetris: The Grand Master
Tetris: The Grand Master (テトリス ザ・グランドマスター, Tetorisu: Za Gurando Masutā) is a series of puzzle arcade video games created by Arika.

Released in Japan in August 1998, Tetris: The Grand Master was followed by two sequels: Tetris: The Absolute – The Grand Master 2 in October 2000 (with a Plus update released in December 2000), and Tetris: The Grand Master 3 – Terror‑Instinct in March 2005. A spin-off console game, Tetris: The Grand Master Ace, was published by AQ Interactive on December 10, 2005, and was a launch title for the Xbox 360's Japan release. On December 1, 2022, Tetris: The Grand Master was released for the Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4 as part of the Arcade Archives series. This was followed by Tetris: The Absolute – The Grand Master 2 Plus on June 1, 2023. A new installment, Tetris: The Grand Master 4 –  Absolute Eye, was released on April 3, 2025, on Steam.

The Tetris Company
The Tetris Company, Inc. (TTC) is the manager and licensor for the Tetris brand to third parties. It is an American company based in Nevada and owned by the Tetris creator Alexey Pajitnov and Henk Rogers. The company is the exclusive licensee of Tetris Holding LLC, the company that owns Tetris rights worldwide.
Albert Peries
Sir Pattiyapathirennehelage Albert Fredrick Peries, KBE (12 May 1905 – 21 September 1967) was the 4th Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. Serving as Deputy Speaker, Peries first became Speaker after the sudden death of Francis Molamure, who collapsed and died while presiding over the session.

Peries attended St. Joseph's College, Colombo where he was a keen sportsman. He entered the Ceylon Law College and qualified as a proctor and notary public.

He was elected to the seat of Nattandiya in the 1947 parliamentary election and was re-elected in the 1952, 1960 (March and July), 1965 elections and died in office in 1967. He only lost the 1956 parliamentary election to Hugh Fernando.

Peries was appointed a Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in the 1954 Birthday Honours during his first tenure as Speaker. The Sir Albert F. Peiris Sports Complex in Wennappuwa is named after him.

Sri Lanka Law College
Sri Lanka Law College (abbreviated as SLLC), formerly known as Ceylon Law College, is a law college, and the only legal institution where one can enrol as an Attorney-at-Law in Sri Lanka. It was established in 1874, under the then Council of Legal Education, under the British Regime in order to impart a formal legal education to those who wished to become Advocates and proctors in Ceylon. The main building of the college was constructed in 1911. It is located on Hulftsdorp Street in Colombo, Sri Lanka. As of late 2024, the principal was President's Counsel Prasantha Lal De Alwis.
Murder of Lilie James
Lilie James (c. May 2002 – 25 October 2023) was a student and water polo coach from Sans Souci, New South Wales, who was found murdered at St Andrew's Cathedral School in Sydney CBD. She was last seen alive at around 7 p.m. on 25 October 2023, entering the gymnasium toilet with a man following behind. Her body was discovered by police before midnight that day. According to advocacy group Counting Dead Women Australia, James was the 46th woman to be murdered in Australia in 2023.

On 26 October 2023, police began investigations, initially at St Andrew's where they identified Lilie James as a victim of homicide. Paul Thijssen was later identified and named a prime suspect after reportedly disappearing. Thijssen was last seen at Diamond Bay in Vaucluse, New South Wales, where he died by suicide. His body was found and identified on 27 October 2023 by police.

Sans Souci, New South Wales
Sans Souci (/sænz suːsiː/) is a Southern Sydney suburb in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Sans Souci is 17 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and lies across the local government areas of the Bayside Council and the Georges River Council. It is part of the St George area.

Sans Souci sits on the western shore of Botany Bay. Lady Robinsons Beach and Cook Park run along the eastern border. Kogarah Bay runs along the western border. Sans Souci is connected to Taren Point, in the Sutherland Shire, to the south, by the Captain Cook Bridge over the Georges River.
Janet Stewart, Lady Fleming
Janet Stewart, Lady Fleming (17 July 1502 – 20 February 1562), called la Belle Écossaise (French for 'the Beautiful Scotswoman'), was a Scottish courtier. She was an illegitimate daughter of King James IV of Scotland who served as governess to her half-niece Mary, Queen of Scots. Janet was briefly a mistress of King Henry II of France, by whom she had a legitimated son: Henri d'Angoulême. Her daughter, Mary Fleming, was one of the young queen's "Four Marys".

Legitimacy (family law)
Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce.

Conversely, illegitimacy, also known as bastardy, has been the status of a child born outside marriage, such a child being known as a bastard, a love child, a natural child, or illegitimate. In Scots law, the terms natural son and natural daughter carry the same implications.

The importance of legitimacy has decreased substantially in Western countries since the sexual revolution of the 1960s and 1970s and the declining influence of Christian churches in family and social life.

A 2009 report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicated that in 2007 a substantial proportion of births in Western countries occurred outside marriage.
1972 First National Tennis Classic
The 1972 First National Tennis Classic, also known as the Louisville WCT, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Louisville Tennis Center in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from July 24 through July 30, 1972. The tournament was part of the 1972 World Championship Tennis circuit and offered total prize money of $50,000. The singles final was won by ninth-seeded Arthur Ashe who earned $10,000 first-prize money.

Joe Creason Park
Joe Creason Park is a municipal park in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. Located in the Poplar Level neighborhood, it is in roughly the central portion of the city. The park adjoins and connects to Beargrass Creek State Nature Preserve, and both were originally part of the same property prior to becoming parks.

The park is located on the south fork of Beargrass Creek. It opened as a park in 1966.

The park is named for Joe Creason, a popular features journalist for The Courier-Journal, who died while playing tennis at the park's Louisville Tennis Center in 1974.
Ski jumping at the 2006 Winter Olympics – Normal hill individual
The Men's normal hill individual ski jumping competition for the 2006 Winter Olympics was held in Pragelato, Italy. It began on 11 February, and concluded on 12 February.

Lars Bystøl of Norway won his country's first gold and his second international victory of the season, beating Matti Hautamäki to the title by only one point.

Dmitry Vassiliev could have won Russia's second ski jumping gold medal ever because he had the best jump in the first round. But as the last starter in the second round, he failed and finished tenth

This was the last highly ranked official event participated by Masahiko Harada - who won 2 Olympic medals in Nagano and 1 in Lillehammer - and it was after a break of over 3 years from participating in Ski jumping World Cup. Unfortunately for him, he was disqualified in the qualifying and did not compete in the final. Later he started only in FIS Cup event in Sapporo.

Russia at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Russia participated at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. It sent a total of 190 athletes to participate in all 15 of the Winter Olympic sports.

Dmitry Dorofeev, a speed skater, served as flag bearer at the opening ceremonies.
Abdu Gusau
Abdu Gusau, Garkuwan Sokoto, MBE, OON (1918–1994), was a Nigerian civil engineer, and statesman who served as the Garkuwa of Sokoto until his death in 1994. He was the Chief  estate engineer for Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria from 1967 to 1972 where he was in charge of estates, which included buildings (both design and construction), the campus road network and the water supply. Gusau also served as a principal engineer with Taylor Woodrow of London where he worked on building London Heathrow's airport terminal.

Gusau was the civil commissioner for the now defunct North western state Nigeria from 1972 to 1975.

Ahmadu Bello
Sir Ahmadu Bello GCON KBE (Hausa pronunciationⓘ; born Ahmadu Rabah; 12 June 1910 – 15 January 1966), also known by his title Sardauna of Sokoto, was a conservative Nigerian statesman who was one of the leading northern politicians in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966, in which capacity he dominated national affairs for over a decade.

He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time, which was largely made up of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics.
Katrin Engel
Katrin Engel (born 2 May 1984, in Mistelbach) is an Austrian handballer playing for Thüringer HC and the Austrian national team. She was the 2009 World Women's Handball Championship topscorer with 67 goals.

2009 World Women's Handball Championship
The 2009 World Women's Handball Championship was the 19th edition, second to take place outside Europe, of the international championship tournament in women's team sport handball that is governed by the International Handball Federation (IHF). China hosted the event from 5–20 December 2009. Russia successfully contested France in the final, their fourth title.
All God's Creatures
All God's Creatures is an American romantic thriller feature-length film distributed by Osiris Entertainment that premiered at the 2011 Hoboken International Film Festival on June 4, 2011. The film was directed by Ryan Charles and Frank Licata (Nitty Gritty Studios), produced by Matt Jared (Sid and Nancy Productions), and written and produced by Josh Folan (NYEH Entertainment).

Kenneth del Vecchio
Kenneth del Vecchio is an American lawyer, politician, and filmmaker. He has written, produced, directed and acted in over 30 films. He is founder and chairman of the Hoboken International Film Festival. He also is the author of several legal books, including criminal codebooks published by Prentice Hall and ALM. He is a novelist, who penned his first published novel as a 24-year-old law student. He is the owner of the Criminal Law Learning Center and a former part-time New Jersey municipal judge.
Richmond child murder
The Richmond child murder was the case of Amy Gregory who was convicted in 1895 of strangling to death her daughter, Frances Maud Gregory, whose dead body was found on the ice in the Old Deer Park, Richmond, England. She was granted a reprieve from execution by the Home Secretary.

The case was widely reported at a time when women on trial for killing their babies were increasingly charged with manslaughter instead of murder and eventually led to a change in the law for infanticide.

Old Deer Park
The Old Deer Park is an area of open space within Richmond, owned by the Crown Estate, in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, England. It covers 147 hectares (360 acres) of which 90.4 hectares (220 acres) are leased as sports grounds for  sports, particularly rugby, golf and cricket. Despite the name, there are now no deer in the park.