hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tom Arden
David Rain (2 May 1961 – 15 December 2015), known by his pen name Tom Arden, was a British science fiction and fantasy writer. He was born in Australia.

His main work is the five volume Orokon saga, as well as the novels Shadow Black, The Translation of Bastian Test and the Doctor Who novella Nightdreamers.

Arden was born in 1961 and grew up in Mount Gambier, South Australia. He wrote his first unpublished novel, Moon Escape at the age of seven and later studied English at the University of Adelaide, graduating with First Class Honours. Arden completed his PhD thesis on Clarissa, the epic tale by 18th-century novelist Samuel Richardson.

In 1990, he moved to the United Kingdom, living in Northern Ireland and England. He lectured in English at Queen's University Belfast for seven years. Since 2003, he lectured creative writing at Middlesex University, London.

Mount Gambier
Mount Gambier (/ˈɡæmbiəɹ/ GAM-bee-ər) is the second most populated city in South Australia, with a population of 26,878 as of the 2021 census. The city is located on the slopes of Mount Gambier, a volcano in the south east of the state, about 450 kilometres (280 mi) south-east of the capital Adelaide and just 17 kilometres (11 mi) from the Victorian border. The traditional owners of the area are the Bungandidj (or Buandik) people. Mount Gambier is the most important settlement in the Limestone Coast region and the seat of government for both the City of Mount Gambier and the District Council of Grant.

The city is well known for its geographical features, particularly its volcanic and limestone features, most notably Blue Lake/Waawor/Warwar, and its parks, gardens, caves and sinkholes.
Layla ʽUssayran
Layla ʽUssayran (Arabic: ليلى عسيران; 1934–2007) was a Lebanese novelist.

She was born in Sidon and received a BA in political science from the American University of Beirut. She worked for the Lebanese publisher Dar Al Sayyad. She was also a correspondent for the Egyptian magazine Rose al-Yūsuf. In 1996, she was named a knight in the National Order of the Cedar.

Sidon
Sidon (/ˈsaɪdən/ SY-dən), or Saida (/ˈsaɪdə, ˈsɑːɪdə/ SY-də, SAH-id-ə; Arabic: صيدا, romanized: Ṣaydā), is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located on the Mediterranean coast in the South Governorate, of which it is the capital. Tyre, to the south, and the Lebanese capital of Beirut, to the north, are each about 40 kilometres (25 miles) away. Sidon has a population of about 80,000 within the city limits, while its metropolitan area has more than a quarter-million inhabitants.
Blue Film: Estimation
Blue Film: Estimation (蒼いフィルム　品さだめ, Aoi firumu shinasadame) is a 1968 Japanese pink film directed by Kan Mukai.
It is in the Part color-format which was common with Pink films in the late 1960s and early 1970s before Nikkatsu's entry into the genre with their Roman Porno films.

1968 in film
The year 1968 in film involved some significant events, most notably with the release of Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey, as well as two highly successful musical films, Funny Girl and Oliver!, the former earning Barbra Streisand the Academy Award for Best Actress (an honour she shared with Katharine Hepburn for her role in The Lion in Winter) and the latter winning both the Best Picture and Best Director awards.
Daniel Lightwing
Daniel James Lightwing is a former mathematics child prodigy and co-founder of the London-based Internet/gambling business Castella Research, which uses high-frequency trading inspired methods to place bets on sports exchanges. He was previously a web backend developer for the London offices of Google. In 2006, he represented the United Kingdom at the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) in Ljubljana, Slovenia, where he won a silver medal. His experience at the IMO was described in the 2007 BBC Two British television documentary Beautiful Young Minds and the 2014 film X+Y.

Lightwing started to gain more fame in China from 2016 onwards, particularly on the website Zhihu, where his articles written in Chinese, covering a broad range of topics had attracted over 170,000 followers within one year.

Front end and back end
In software development, front end refers to the presentation layer that users interact with, while back end refers to the data management and processing behind the scenes. "Full stack" refers to both together. In the client–server model, the client is usually considered the front end, handling most user-facing tasks, and the server is the back end, mainly managing data and logic.
Saville Grand Prix
The Saville Grand Prix is an annual curling tournament, held in the fall at the Saville Community Sports Centre in Edmonton, Alberta. It has been part of the men's and women's tour cycle since the 2023–24 season. The event attracts many of the top teams from around the world, particularly on the women's side.

The inaugural event was held in October 2023 with a comparatively weaker field to subsequent years. Alberta's Ryan Jacques and Selena Sturmay won the first titles with Scott Webb and Delaney Strouse finishing as respective runners-up.

In 2024, the event was held on the first weekend of November with Korey Dropkin and Kerri Einarson defeating Japan's Takumi Maeda and Korea's Ha Seung-youn.

In 2025, the women's event was held in September while the men's event was held in October.

Kerri Einarson
Kerri Einarson (/ˈeɪnərsən/; born Kerri Flett; October 3, 1987) is a Canadian Métis curler from Camp Morton, Manitoba, in the Rural Municipality of Gimli. Einarson is a five-time women's national champion in curling, skipping her team to victory in the 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2026 Scotties Tournament of Hearts. She also took the silver medal in 2018 and 2025. Einarson has won six Grand Slam of Curling events: the 2016 Boost National, 2019 Players' Championship, 2021 Players' Championship, 2022 Champions Cup, 2022 Masters, and 2024 Tour Challenge.
Bichsel
Bichsel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Felix Bichsel (1897–1970), Swiss weightlifter

Lian Bichsel (born 2004), Swiss ice hockey player

Peter Bichsel (1935–2025), Swiss writer and journalist

William J. Bichsel (1928–2015), American Jesuit priest

Peter Bichsel
Peter Bichsel (Swiss Standard German: [ˈpeːtər ˈbɪksl̩]; 24 March 1935 – 15 March 2025) was a Swiss writer and journalist representing modern German literature. He was a member of the Group 47. His breakthrough was the collection of short stories And Really Frau Blum Would Very Much Like to Meet the Milkman.
Outline of corporate finance
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to corporate finance:

Corporate finance is the area of finance that deals with the sources of funding, and the capital structure of corporations, the actions that managers take to increase the value of the firm to the shareholders, and the tools and analysis used to allocate financial resources.

For finance in general, see Outline of finance.

Clientele effect
The clientele effect is the idea that the set of investors attracted to a particular kind of security will affect the price of the security when policies or circumstances change.
For instance, some investors want a company that doesn't pay dividends but instead invests that money in growing the business, whereas other investors prefer a stock that pays a high dividend, and still others want one that balances payout and reinvestment. If a company changes its dividend policy substantially, it is said to be subject to a clientele effect as some of its investors (its established clientele) decide to sell the security due to the change.  Although commonly used in reference to dividend or coupon (interest) rates, it can also be used in the context of leverage (debt levels), changes in line of business, taxes, and other aspects of the company.
Büşra Kuru
Büşra Kuru (born 24 October 2001) is a women's football midfielder who plays in the Turkish Super League for Beylerbeyi. and the Turkey women's national team.

Born in Germany, she represents Turkey at the international level.

2018 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship qualification
The 2018 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship qualifying competition was a women's under-17 football competition that determined the seven teams joining the automatically qualified hosts Lithuania in the 2018 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship final tournament.

Apart from Lithuania, 45 of the remaining 54 UEFA member national teams entered the qualifying competition. Players born on or after 1 January 2001 are eligible to participate. Each match has a duration of 80 minutes, consisting of two halves of 40 minutes with a 15-minute half-time.
Varvara Massyagina
Varvara Gennadyevna Masyagina (Kazakh: Варвара Геннадьевна Масягина; born 25 August 1977 in Almaty) is a Kazakh judoka, who competed in the women's half-heavyweight category. She picked up five medals in her career, including two silvers each from the 1998 Asian Games in Bangkok, Thailand and the 2003 Asian Judo Championships in Jeju City, South Korea, and later represented her nation Kazakhstan at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Massyagina qualified for the Kazakh squad in the women's half-heavyweight class (78 kg) at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by placing third and receiving a berth from the Asian Championships in Almaty. She lost her opening match to a seventeen-year-old U.S. judoka Nicole Kubes, who scored an ippon victory and quickly subdued her on the tatami with a harai makikomi (hip sweep wraparound) at eight seconds.

2004 Asian Judo Championships
The 2004 Asian Judo Championships were held at the Baluan Sholak Palace of Culture and Sports in Almaty, Kazakhstan from 15 May to 16 May 2004. A total of 194 judokas participated, 113 men and 81 women.
Kamrul Hasan Bhuiyan
Qamrul Hassan Bhuiyan (24 July 1952 – 6 August 2018) was a Bangladeshi major in the Bangladesh Army. He was a freedom fighter, liberation war researcher and writer. He was the founder chairman of the Center for Liberation War Studies. He received Bangla Academy Award in the year 2018 for his contribution to the liberation war literature.

Bangla Academy Literary Award
The Bangla Academy Literary Award (Bengali: বাংলা একাডেমি সাহিত্য পুরস্কার; Bangla Academy Shahitya Puroshkar) is given by the Bangla Academy of Bangladesh in recognition of creative genius in advancement and overall contribution in the field of Bengali language and literature.

It was introduced in 1960 and recognized six categories: poetry, novels, short stories, essays, children's literature and translation. Beginning in 1985, two more awards were introduced to recognize overall contributions to Bengali language and literature.

At present, the Bangla Academy award is given in three fields:

Poetry, novel, and short story

Research, essay, and science

Translation, drama, and juvenile literature
William Rhett
Colonel William Rhett (4 September 1666 – 12 January 1723) was an English-born planter, politician and military officer who moved to the Carolinas, where he spent the majority of his life. Born in London, Rhett emigrated to North America in 1694, accompanied by his wife Sarah. He gradually acquired ownership over several slave plantations which specialized in producing rice. Rhett also sat in the South Carolina General Assembly and served in the colonial militia; in 1718, he commanded two chartered sloops and defeated the Barbadian pirate Stede Bonnet in the Battle of Cape Fear River.

South Carolina Army National Guard
The South Carolina Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army and the United States National Guard.  Nationwide, the Army National Guard comprises approximately one half of the U.S. Army's available combat forces and approximately one third of its support organization.  National coordination of various state National Guard units is maintained through the National Guard Bureau.

South Carolina Army National Guard units are trained and equipped as part of the United States Army.  The same ranks and insignia are used and National Guardsmen are eligible to receive all United States military awards. The South Carolina Guard also bestows a number of state awards for local services rendered in or to the state of South Carolina.

The South Carolina Army National Guard is composed of approximately 10,000 soldiers (as of February 2009) and maintains 80 facilities across the state with over 2 million square feet (180,000 m2) of space.
Grimmer Parish, New Brunswick
Grimmer is a geographic parish in Restigouche County, New Brunswick, Canada.

For governance purposes it is part of the incorporated rural community of Kedgwick, which is a member of the Restigouche Regional Service Commission.

Before the 2023 governance reform, the local service district (LSD) of White's Brook straddled the eastern boundary of the parish along Route 17. Most of the parish formed the LSD of the parish of Grimmer until its merger with the village of Kedgwick on 1 July 2012 to form the rural community.

2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.
2011 Sicilia Classic – Doubles
Martin Fischer and Philipp Oswald were the defending champions, but decided not to participate.
Tomasz Bednarek and Mateusz Kowalczyk won this tournament by defeating Alexander Bury and Andrei Vasilevski 6–2, 6–4 in the final.

Philipp Oswald
Philipp Oswald (German pronunciation: [ˈfiːlɪp ˈʔɔsvalt]; born 23 January 1986) is an Austrian former professional tennis player who primarily played doubles events on the ATP Tour. On 7 December 2009, he reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 206, and his highest doubles ranking of No. 31 was reached on 21 June 2021. In 2021, he participated in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics partnering with Oliver Marach.

In July 2024, Oswald retired from professional tennis and made his final appearance at the 2024 Generali Open Kitzbühel.
The Ecstasy of Rita Joe
The Ecstasy of Rita Joe is a drama by George Ryga.  The play, in two acts, premiered at the Vancouver Playhouse, November 23, 1967.  It was directed by George Bloomfield.  The play has an important place in the history of modern Canadian theatre, as it was one of the first to address issues relating to Indigenous people.  It recounts the story of a young Indigenous woman in the city.

The play opened the studio theatre of the National Arts Centre in 1969.  It was adapted and choreographed as a ballet by Norbert Vesak (commissioned by the Manitoba Indian Brotherhood) and first performed by the Royal Winnipeg Ballet on July 27, 1971 in Ottawa. The play was revived by Alberta Theatre Projects in 1976. It was translated by Gratien Gélinas and presented at the Comédie-Canadienne.  It was also produced in Washington, DC, in May, 1973, with Chief Dan George and Frances Hyland in lead roles.

National Arts Centre
The National Arts Centre (NAC) (French: Centre national des Arts) is a performing arts organization in Ottawa, Ontario, along the Rideau Canal. It is based in the eponymous National Arts Centre building.
Portrait of Baudouin de Lannoy
Portrait of Baudouin de Lannoy is a small oil-on panel portrait by the Early Netherlandish painter Jan van Eyck, completed c. 1435. It shows Baldwin of Lannoy, a contemporary Flemish statesman and ambassador for Philip the Good at the court of Henry V of England. From surviving documents it is known that the work was commissioned to mark his entry into the order Baudouin de Lanno.

The man is shown in a formal pose, holding a wooden stick in his right hand and a gold ring on his little finger. Van Eyck's surviving early portraits typically depict the sitter holding an emblem of their profession and social class.

Panel painting
A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel of wood, either a single piece or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, panel painting was the normal method, when not painting directly onto a wall (fresco) or on vellum (used for miniatures in illuminated manuscripts). Wood panels were also used for mounting vellum paintings.
Calyptapis
Calyptapis is an extinct bombini genus related to bumblebees with one described species Calyptapis florissantensis. It is known only from the Late Eocene Chadronian age shales of the Florissant Formation in Colorado. The genus and species were described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1906.

Priabonian
The Priabonian is, in the ICS's geologic timescale, the latest age or the upper stage of the Eocene Epoch or Series. It spans the time between 37.71 and 33.9 Ma. The Priabonian is preceded by the Bartonian and is followed by the Rupelian, the lowest stage of the Oligocene.

Priabona, an extinct dipteran of Pipunculidae family, is named after Priabonian, the age of deposits from which this insect is known.
Teddy bear
A teddy bear, or simply a teddy, is a stuffed toy in the form of a bear. The teddy bear was named by Morris Michtom after the 26th president of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt; it was developed apparently simultaneously in the first decade of the 20th century by two toymakers: Richard Steiff in Germany and Michtom in the United States. It became a popular children's toy, and it has been celebrated in story, song, and film.

Since the creation of the first teddy bears (which sought to imitate the form of real bear cubs), "teddies" have greatly varied in form, style, color, and material. They have become collector's items, with older and rarer teddies appearing at public auctions. Teddy bears are among the most popular gifts for children, and they are often given to adults to signify affection, congratulations, or sympathy.

Velour
Velour, occasionally velours, is a plush, knitted fabric or textile similar to velvet or velveteen. It can be made from polyester, spandex, cotton, or a cotton-polyester blend. Velour is used in a wide variety of applications, including clothing and upholstery. Velour typically has a medium-length pile, shorter than velvet but longer than velveteen.
DJ Hix
Hix is a Northern Irish DJ, music producer, songwriter, musician, broadcaster and radio presenter. He is also occasionally referred to as DJ Hix. He is known for presenting radio shows on Cool FM, a commercial radio station based in Newtownards, Northern Ireland, and on Kiss FM UK. He is also known for his live DJ sets and his commercially released music. Hix was born in London before moving to Northern Ireland at a young age.

Newtownards
Newtownards (/ˌnjuːtənˈɑːrdz/) is a town in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies at the most northern tip of Strangford Lough, 10 miles (16 km) east of Belfast, on the Ards Peninsula. It is in the civil parish of Newtownards and the historic baronies of Ards Lower and Castlereagh Lower. Newtownards is in the Ards and North Down Borough. The population was 29,677 in the 2021 Census.
HMS Grimsby
Two ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Grimsby :

HMS Grimsby (U16) was a Grimsby-class sloop commissioned in 1934 and sunk in 1941

HMS Grimsby (M108) is a Sandown-class minehunter commissioned in 1999

Minehunter
A minehunter is a naval vessel that seeks, detects, and destroys individual naval mines. Minesweepers, on the other hand, clear mined areas as a whole, without prior detection of mines. A vessel that combines both of these roles is known as a mine countermeasures vessel (MCMV).
DCG-IV
DCG-IV is a research drug which acts as a group-selective agonist for the group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR2/3). It has potent neuroprotective and anticonvulsant effects in animal studies, as well as showing anti-Parkinsonian effects, but also impairs the formation of memories.

Neuroprotection
Neuroprotection refers to the relative preservation of neuronal structure and/or function. In the case of an ongoing insult (a neurodegenerative insult) the relative preservation of neuronal integrity implies a reduction in the rate of neuronal loss over time, which can be expressed as a differential equation.
Local government in Northern Ireland
Local government in Northern Ireland is divided among 11 single-tier districts known as local government districts (abbreviated LGDs) and formerly known as district council areas (DCAs). Councils in Northern Ireland do not carry out the same range of functions as those in the rest of the United Kingdom; for example they have no responsibility for education, road-building or housing (although they do nominate members to the advisory Northern Ireland Housing Council). Their 
functions include planning, waste and recycling services, leisure and community services, building control and local economic and cultural development. The collection of rates is handled centrally by the Land and Property Services agency of the Northern Ireland Executive.

Rates (tax)
Rates are a type of property tax system in various countries, and in places with systems deriving from the British one, the proceeds of which are used to fund local government. Some other countries have taxes with a more or less comparable role, like France's taxe d'habitation.
You.tv
you.tv is an Australian television channel specialising in home shopping. It replaced TVSN, which moved channel numbers from the Network 10 multiplex to the Seven Network.

On 25 June 2024, it was announced that the channel would begin airing on channel 16 (channel 58 in 10 TV stations in regional areas, channel 66 in Tasmania via TNT and channel 76 in Darwin via TND in Seven’s TV stations in regional areas). The launch officially happened on 1 July 2024. All informercials for the channel are filmed and produced at Eden Studios in Ultimo.

Home shopping
Home shopping is the electronic retailing and home shopping channels industry, which includes such billion dollar television-based and e-commerce companies as Shop LC, HSN, Gemporia, TJC, QVC, eBay, ShopHQ, Rakuten.com and Amazon.com, as well as traditional mail order and brick and mortar retailers as Hammacher Schlemmer and Sears. Home shopping allows consumers to shop for goods from the privacy of their own home, as opposed to traditional shopping, which requires one to visit brick and mortar stores and shopping malls.

There are three main types of home shopping: mail or telephone ordering from catalogs; telephone ordering in response to advertisements in print and electronic media (such as periodicals, TV shopping channels and radio); and online shopping. The study shows that home shopping are continuously preferred by the customers especially for those teleworkers and busy working class.
Mariken van Nieumeghen
Mariken van Nieumeghen ("Mary of Nijmegen") is a miracle play recorded in a Middle Dutch text from the early 16th century. The protagonist Mariken of the story spends seven years with the devil, after which she is miraculously released. The oldest edition dates from 1515 and was printed by Willem Vorsterman. Linguistic evidence suggests it was written by a poet from an Antwerp chamber of rhetoric.

Nijmegen
Nijmegen (/ˈnaɪmeɪɡən/ NY-may-gən, Dutch: [ˈnɛimeːɣə(n)] ⓘ; Nijmeegs: Nimwèège [ˈnɪmβ̞ɛːçə]) is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and the ninth largest of the Netherlands as a whole. Located on the Waal River close to the German border, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands and the first to be recognized as such in Roman times. In 2005, it celebrated 2,000 years of existence.

Nijmegen became a free imperial city in 1230 and a Hanseatic city in 1402. Since 1923 it has been a university city with the opening of a Catholic institution now known as the Radboud University Nijmegen. The city is well known for the annual Vierdaagse — the International Four Days Marches Nijmegen event.

Its population as of 2024 was 187,011.