hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raiwal Dona
Raiwal Dona is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Shahkot, 22 kilometres (14 mi) from Nakodar, 33 kilometres (21 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 177 kilometres (110 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Nakodar
Nakodar is a town and a municipal council in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab.

The city is almost 365 km from Delhi, 25 km from Jalandhar, 49 km from Ludhiana, and about 101 km from Amritsar. Surrounding villages include Chak Mughlani, Maheru, Allowal, Mehatpur (Haripur) (Bhullar) Nawan Pind Jattan, Heran, Bir Pind, (Aulakh), Shankar, Nur Pur Chatha, Sarih, Malri, Khanpur Dhadda, Uggi, and Malhian Kalan.

The town is well paved and currently forms a Tehsil of District Jalandhar. Outside the town, there are two large tombs dating from the times of Emperor Jahangir, later one of them is said to be the burial place of the adviser of Emperor Shah Jahan, but it is not known who stand buried in the earlier tomb.
Collège Henri-IV
The Collège Henri-IV (also known as the Collège royal Henri le Grand or the Jesuit College of La Flèche) was a Jesuit educational institution located in La Flèche, in the department of Sarthe, France. Founded in 1603 by Henri IV, shortly after the king had recalled the Society of Jesus to France, the college prospered, quickly reaching over 1,000 students who followed the curriculum defined in the Ratio Studiorum. Some of them went on to become famous, such as the philosophers René Descartes and David Hume. The college was the first boarding school opened by the Jesuits.

After the expulsion of the Jesuits from France in 1762, the college buildings were used by a succession of institutions. In 1808, Napoleon I finally decided to establish the Prytanée National Militaire, which has since become one of France's six defense lycées.

Georges Fournier
Georges Fournier (21 November 1881 – 1 December 1954) was a French astronomer.

He observed the planet Mars with great detail. In 1909 he was credited with discovering clouds on the planet. During the campaign to observe Mercury between 1924 and 1929, he was the only experienced observer who doubted the deduced rotational period. It later (in 1965) turned out to be incorrect.

A crater on Mars was named in his honor.
Ulf Puder
Ulf Puder, born 1958 in Leipzig, is a German painter. He is educated at the Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig and is associated with the New Leipzig School. His paintings contain semi-abstract architectural and geometrical shapes, often in pastel colours and subdued colours, with a sense of melancholy and decay.

He lives and works in Leipzig and Liemehna, Germany. He is represented by Galerie Jochen Hempel in Germany and Marc Straus in the United States.

Marc Straus
Marc Straus is an American oncologist, art collector, poet, and writer. He is the author of more than 40 scientific papers on the treatment of various types of cancer. Straus was among the first oncologists to introduce the use of continuous infusion for the delivery of chemotherapy, a practice that has since become standard.

Straus is the founder of Hudson Valley MOCA and the Marc Straus Gallery in New York City.
Autoimmune skin diseases in dogs
Autoimmune skin diseases occur when the immune system of an infected animal attacks its own skin. In dogs, autoimmune skin diseases are usually not detected until visible symptoms appear, which differs from detection in humans who are able to verbally express their concerns. Genetics, nutrition, and external environmental factors all collectively contribute to increasing the probability an autoimmune skin disease occurring. The severity of symptoms varies based on the specific disease present and how far it has progressed. Diagnosis often requires the onset of visible symptoms and for a biopsy to be performed. For many diseases, the condition itself cannot be cured, but a veterinarian can prescribe medications and other forms of treatment to help manage the symptoms of the dog.

Biopsy
A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, an interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist. The process involves the extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease. The tissue is then fixed, dehydrated, embedded, sectioned, stained and mounted before it is generally examined under a microscope by a pathologist; it may also be analyzed chemically. When an entire lump or suspicious area is removed, the procedure is called an excisional biopsy. An incisional biopsy or core biopsy samples a portion of the abnormal tissue without attempting to remove the entire lesion or tumor. When a sample of tissue or fluid is removed with a needle in such a way that cells are removed without preserving the histological architecture of the tissue cells, the procedure is called a needle aspiration biopsy. Biopsies are most commonly performed for insight into possible cancerous or inflammatory conditions.
Guangzhou government
The Government of the Republic of China (Chinese: 廣州中華民國政府) was the government that led the Second Constitutional Protection Movement based in Guangzhou. The military junta was replaced by a presidential system.

Wu Ting-fang
Wu Ting-fang (Chinese: 伍廷芳; 30 July 1842 – 23 June 1922) was a Chinese calligrapher, diplomat, lawyer, politician, and writer who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and briefly as Acting Premier during the early years of the Republic of China. He was also known as Ng Choy or Ng Achoy (Chinese: 伍才; pinyin: Wǔ Cái).
Topashaw Creek
Topashaw Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Mississippi. It is a tributary to the Yalobusha River.

Topashaw is a name derived from the Choctaw language purported to mean either (sources vary) "little chestnut tree" or named after the Taposa people. Variant names are "Tapashaw Creek", "Topasaw Creek", "Topisaw Creek", "Toposhaw Creek", and "Tupashaw Creek".

Taposa
The Taposa were an Indigenous people of the Southeastern Woodlands from what is now Mississippi in the United States.

The Taposa were a small tribe like their neighbors, the Ibitoupa and Chakchiuma, who all lived along the upper Yazoo River between the larger, more powerful Chickasaw and Choctaw.
The Ultimate Collection (Billy Joel album)
The Ultimate Collection is a double-disc compilation album by American singer-songwriter Billy Joel. It was first released by Sony Music Entertainment Japan in December 2000, and subsequently issued in the most of European and Oceanian countries with slightly different track listings (replacing Japanese top-3 charting hit "The Stranger" with live version of "You're My Home").

This career-spanning compilation features some of Joel's early notable compositions and hit singles which were disregarded on his Greatest Hits series, although several hits and fan favorites like "Only the Good Die Young", "Captain Jack", "Vienna", "Scenes from an Italian Restaurant", "Pressure" and "Big Shot" were excluded alternatively. It became a smash hit worldwide, entering top-5 on the charts in many countries, including United Kingdom.

The Ultimate Collection was not issued in the United States, though Legacy Recordings released another similar compilation The Essential in October 2001.

The Stranger (Billy Joel song)
"The Stranger" is a song by rock artist Billy Joel and the title track from his 1977 album of the same name. The song was released as a single in Japan where it became very popular and peaked at No. 2 on the Oricon chart, selling more than 471,000 copies, charting as well in Australia, New Zealand and France. It was the last single from the album in Japan, while the US and UK saw "She's Always a Woman", released the previous year, as the last single from the album. The single is featured on Joel's greatest hits album Greatest Hits – Volume I & II.
RMO (cycling team)
RMO (Relation Main d'Oeuvre) was a French professional cycling team that existed from 1986 to 1992. Its main sponsor was French supplier of temporary workers Relation Main d'Oeuvre. Its most notable results were the mountains classification of the 1990 Tour de France with Thierry Claveyrolat and the 1991 Paris–Roubaix with Marc Madiot.

Cycling team
A cycling team is a group of cyclists who join a team or are acquired and train together to compete in bicycle races whether amateur or professional – and the supporting personnel. Cycling teams are most important in road bicycle racing, which is a team sport, but collaboration between team members is also important in track cycling and cyclo-cross.
George Lyttelton, 2nd Baron Lyttelton
George Fulke Lyttelton, 2nd Baron Lyttelton (27 October 1763 – 12 November 1828) was an Anglo-Irish peer and politician from the Lyttelton family.

He was the eldest son of William Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton and his first wife Martha Macartney. Between 1798 and 1800, Lyttelton represented Granard in the Irish House of Commons.

He succeeded his father as member of parliament for Bewdley in 1790; and to his title and his estates in Hagley, Halesowen, and Frankley in 1808.  He died unmarried and was succeeded by his half-brother William Henry Lyttelton, 3rd Baron Lyttelton.

Hagley
Hagley is a village and civil parish in Worcestershire, England. It is on the boundary of the West Midlands and Worcestershire counties between the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley and Kidderminster. Its estimated population was 7,162 in 2019.
United States Proof Set
The United States Mint Proof Set, commonly known as the Proof Set in the United States, is a set of proof coins sold by the United States Mint.  The proof set is popular with coin collectors as it is a way to collect examples of United States coinage in proof condition.

San Francisco Mint
The San Francisco Mint is a branch of the United States Mint. Opened in 1854 to serve the gold mines of the California gold rush, in twenty years its operations exceeded the capacity of the first building. It moved into a new one in 1874, now known as the Old San Francisco Mint. In 1937 Mint operations moved into a third building, the current one, completed that year.
Horndon Meadow
Horndon Meadow is a 0.8-hectare (2.0-acre) nature reserve north of Stanford-le-Hope in Essex. It is managed by the Essex Wildlife Trust.

This site is an unimproved hay meadow, which has around eighty flower species, such as green-winged orchids, yellow rattles, musk mallows and black knapweeds. Other plants include adder's tongue ferns.

There is access from South Hill, at Tyelands Farm.

Centaurea nigra
Centaurea nigra is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, and is also known as lesser knapweed, common knapweed, black knapweed and bell weed.

It is native to central Europe, and has been introduced to temperate North America and Australasia, where it is usually regarded as a noxious weed due to its fast spread, hardiness and competitive potential.
Zetov
Zetov, feminine:  Zetova is a surname whose spelling in English may be of two origins: Bulgarian-language surname Зетов/Зетова and Czech-language Zeťov/Zeťová. Both are of the same derivation: Зет in Bulgarian and 
Zeť in Czech mean son-in-law.

Notable people with the surname include:

Antonina Zetova, Bulgarian volleyball player

Helena Zeťová, Czech singer

Ivan Zetov, Bulgarian basketball player

Zlatko Zetov, former head coach of KK Strumica

Antonina Zetova
Antonina Zetova (Bulgarian: Антонина Зетова; born on 7 September 1973 in Pleven) is a former international volleyball player from Bulgaria. She is the head coach of the Bulgaria women's national volleyball team and also coached the U18 and U23 women's national teams.
Effective Cycling
Effective Cycling is a trademarked cycling educational program designed by John Forester, which was the national education program of the League of American Wheelmen for a number of years until Forester withdrew permission for them to use the name.

It is also the name of Forester's book (first published in 1976 and revised numerous times since then) on the topic. 
The program consists of textbooks and training courses (for both students and instructors) and a training video for students. The central teaching of the program is vehicular cycling practices. The primary recommendation is that a bicyclist, as an operator of a pedal vehicle, should follow the rules of the road that are common to all vehicle types. Forester argues that behaving otherwise actually increases the likelihood of collisions with other vehicles.

Collision
In physics, a collision is any event in which two or more bodies exert forces on each other in a relatively short time. Although the most common use of the word collision refers to incidents in which two or more objects collide with great force, the scientific use of the term implies nothing about the magnitude of the force.
Bobrovy Dvory
Bobrovy Dvory (Russian: Бобровы Дворы) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bobrodvorskaya Territorial Administration, Gubkinsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,332 as of 2010. There are 13 streets.

Belgorod Oblast
Belgorod Oblast (Russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Belgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. As of 2021, the population is 1,540,486.
York, South Carolina
York /ˈjɔːrk/ is a city in and the county seat of York County, South Carolina, United States. The population was approximately 7,736 at the 2010 census, and up to 8,053 as of the 2020 census. York is located approximately 27 miles (43 km) southwest of Charlotte, North Carolina and 13 miles (21 km) west of Rock Hill, South Carolina.

Pillory
The pillory is a device made of a wooden or metal framework erected on a post, with holes for securing the head and hands, used during the medieval and renaissance periods for punishment by public humiliation and often further physical abuse. The pillory is related to the stocks.
Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse
The Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse, or the Toulouse University System, formerly the Federal University of Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, is the association of universities and higher education institutions (ComUE) for institutions of higher education and research in the French region of Midi-Pyrénées (now called Occitania).

The three universities, along with other institutions, participated in the reconstruction of the University of Toulouse – a joint structure of 107,000 students including 4,500 doctoral students, 17,000 staffs and 145 research laboratories. The mission was entrusted to Patrick Lévy,  former president of the Grenoble Alpes University, accompanied by Philippe Raimbault, president of the Federal University of Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées.

Midi-Pyrénées
Midi-Pyrénées (French pronunciation: [midi piʁene] ⓘ; Occitan: Miègjorn-Pirenèus [mjɛdˈdʒuɾ piɾeˈnɛws] or Mieidia-Pirenèus [mjejˈði.ɔ piɾeˈnɛws]; Spanish: Mediodía-Pirineos) is a former administrative region of France. Since 1 January 2016, it has been part of the new region of Occitania. It was the largest region of Metropolitan France by area, larger than the Netherlands or Denmark.

Midi-Pyrénées has no historical or geographical unity. It is one of the regions of France created in the late 20th century to serve as a hinterland and zone of influence for its capital, Toulouse, one of a handful of so-called "balancing metropolises" (métropoles d'équilibre). Another example of this is the region of Rhône-Alpes which was created as the region for Lyon.
Blakistonia bella
Blakistonia bella is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Idiopidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2018 by Australian arachnologists Sophie Harrison, Michael Rix, Mark Harvey and Andrew Austin. The specific epithet bella is from the Latin for "beautiful", with reference to the distinctively patterned abdomen.

Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs.
Carnitas
Carnitas, literally meaning "little meats", in Mexican cuisine, is a dish made by braising, simmering and frying pork in its own fat, lard or cooking oil. The name "carnitas" is, historically, the colloquial name given in Mexico for the French dish rillons de Tours, also known in Spanish as chicharrón de Tours.

The process takes three to four hours, and the result is very tender and juicy meat, which is then typically served with chopped cilantro (coriander leaves), diced onion, salsa, guacamole, tortillas, and refried beans (frijoles refritos).

Frying
Frying is the cooking of food in oil or another fat. Similar to sautéing, pan-fried foods are generally turned over once or twice during cooking to ensure that the food is evenly cooked, using tongs or a spatula, whereas sautéed foods are cooked by "tossing in the pan". A large variety of foods may be fried. Frying is a dehydration process which involves the transfer of mass and heat. Different chemical changes take place during the frying process such as protein denaturation, starch gelatinization, surface browning, rapid water evaporation and oil absorption.
Riccardo Annibaldi
Riccardo Annibaldi (1200 – October 4, 1276) was an Italian cardinal. A nephew of Pope Innocent III, he was also related to Popes Gregory IX and Alexander IV. Pope Gregory IX appointed him cardinal deacon of Sant'Angelo in Pescheria probably in 1238, as the first bull signed by him is dated June 25, 1238.

From 1239 to 1249 he was a rector (governor) of the province of Campagna e Marittima. In year 1243 he was appointed the first protector of the Augustinian order; he held this position until his death in 1276.

Campagna e Marittima Province
The Campagna and Marittima Province (Latin Campaniæ Maritimæque Provincia, Italian Provincia di Campagna e Marittima) was one of the five provinces of the Papal States from the 12th century to the end of the 18th.

The province was established by Pope Innocent III in the year 1198, with Frosinone as its capital. Innocent's aim was to counter attempts to achieve self-government in some of the towns in the south of his domains, such as Alatri, Ferentino, Velletri and Terracina, by installing a garrison at Ferentino. Even before that the "Province of the Roman Campagna and Marittima Province' was part of the Patrimony of St Peter.

In 1357, the establishment of the province was confirmed by the Constitutiones Sanctæ Matris Ecclesiæ.

The province was administered by a class of feudal 'Roman barons'.
2023 Australian winter
The 2023 Australian Winter was the warmest on record, showing an average of 1.53 °C above the 1961–1990 average. The winter began on June 22 at the winter solstice, and concluded with the September equinox on September 23. The meteorological winter began on June 1, and finished on 31 August.

September equinox
The September equinox (or southward equinox) is the moment when the Sun appears to cross the celestial equator, heading southward. Because of differences between the calendar year and the tropical year, the September equinox may occur from September 21 to 24.

At the equinox, the Sun as viewed from the equator rises due east and sets due west. Before the Southward equinox, the Sun rises and sets more northerly, and afterwards, it rises and sets more southerly.

The equinox may be taken to mark the end of astronomical summer and the beginning of astronomical autumn (autumnal equinox) in the Northern Hemisphere, while marking the end of astronomical winter and the start of astronomical spring (vernal equinox) in the Southern Hemisphere.
Eremophila scaberula
Eremophila scaberula, commonly known as rough emu bush, is a flowering plant in the figwort family Scrophulariaceae, and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a low growing, heath-like shrub with crowded leaves and which produces solitary pale to dark purple flowers in the leaf axils predominantly between July and October in its native range.

Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family.  The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs.  Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial  (actinomorphic) symmetry.  The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains.  The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.
Anagnostakis
Anagnostakis is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Anagnostakis (1826–1897), Greek physician and educator

Loula Anagnostaki (1928–2017), Greek writer

Manolis Anagnostakis (1925–2005), Greek poet and critic

Andreas Anagnostakis
Andreas Anagnostakis (Ανδρέας Αναγνωστάκης; 11 August 1826 – 27 March 1897) was a Greek ophthalmologist, physician, and educator. He is best known for inventing the ophthalmoscope, a handheld tool used in diagnostics and still relevant today. He is credited as the first ophthalmologist in Greece.
Grantray-Lawrence Animation
Grantray-Lawrence Animation was an American animation studio active from 1954 to 1968 and founded by Grant Simmons, Ray Patterson (hence "Grant-Ray"), and Robert L. Lawrence.

This animation company produced commercials and low-budget animated television shows until it went bankrupt in 1968 after the death of Grant Simmons.  and its distributor, Krantz Films, took over production. The best-known of those animated shows are its adaptations of superheroes from Marvel Comics, the earliest such adaptations for electronic media. Before then, it did sub-contracted work on Top Cat, The Jetsons, The Dick Tracy Show, and The Famous Adventures of Mr. Magoo.

Animation studio
An animation studio is a company producing animated media. The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce, own the physical equipment for production, employ operators for that equipment, and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced. They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created or held by the company, much like authors holding copyrights. In some early cases, they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity. Overall, they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms.
William Hamilton (British Army officer)
William Robert Hamilton (1891–12 October 1917) was a Scottish poet and First World War soldier. He was born in Dumfries, Scotland in 1891. He emigrated to South Africa where a portion of his education was at the South African College, Cape Town. He was killed on the Western Front in Flanders, Belgium in 1917 and is remembered on the Tyne Cot Memorial, at the Tyne Cot British Cemetery and Memorial, at Ypres in Flanders, Belgium.

The reference to him reads:

In Memory of Second Lieutenant William Robert Hamilton Coldstream Guards attd. 4th Coy., Machine Gun Guards who died on 12 October 1917. Son of John Hamilton, of 105, Kloof St., Cape Town, South Africa. Remembered with honour.

Tyne Cot
Tyne Cot Commonwealth War Graves Cemetery and Memorial to the Missing is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) burial ground for the dead of World War I in the Ypres Salient on the Western Front. It is the largest cemetery for Commonwealth forces in the world, for any war. The cemetery and its surrounding memorial are located outside Passendale, near Zonnebeke in Belgium.