hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brookfield Craft Center
Brookfield Craft Center, located in Brookfield, Connecticut, is a  501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization, founded in 1954 with the mission "to teach and preserve the skills of fine craftsmanship and enable creativity and personal growth through craft education."  Subjects taught at the craft center include basketry, beadwork, blacksmithing, bladesmithing, ceramics, glass, jewelry making, metalsmithing, fiber and weaving, woodturning, woodworking, photography, paper and book arts, decorative arts, painting and drawing, and business / marketing for artists.

Its 2.5-acre (1.0 ha) campus is located 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Danbury, Connecticut, on the banks of the Still River, with an historic mill building as its centerpiece. Its six buildings house seven fully equipped studios, an exhibition gallery, a retail craft gallery and gift shop, and housing for visiting faculty.

Basket weaving
Basket weaving (also basketry or basket making) is the process of weaving or sewing pliable materials into objects, such as baskets, mats, mesh bags or even furniture. Craftspeople and artists specialized in making baskets may be known as basket makers and basket weavers. Basket weaving is also a rural craft. It is also widely known in Middle Eastern regions such as Cyprus.

Basketry is made from a variety of fibrous or pliable materials—anything that will bend and form a shape. Examples include pine, straw, willow (esp. osier), oak, wisteria, forsythia, vines, stems, fur, hide, grasses, thread, and fine wooden splints. There are many applications for basketry, from simple mats to hot air balloon gondolas.

Many Indigenous peoples are renowned for their basket-weaving techniques.
Program Trading
Program Trading  (foaled April 22, 2020) is a multiple Grade 1 winning British-bred American-trained Thoroughbred racehorse. The horse as a three-year-old in 2023 the horse won the Grade 1 Saratoga Derby at Saratoga Racetrack and the Hollywood Derby at Del Mar Racetrack.

Saratoga Race Course
Saratoga Race Course is a Thoroughbred horse racing track located on Union Avenue in Saratoga Springs, New York, United States. Opened in 1863, it is often considered to be the oldest major sporting venue of any kind in the U.S. It is the fourth oldest racetrack after Pleasanton Fairgrounds Racetrack (1858), Freehold Raceway (1854) and Fair Grounds Race Course (1852).

The racetrack is operated by the New York Racing Association.

The Saratoga meet originally lasted only four days. The meet has been lengthened gradually since that time. From 1962 to 1990, the meet lasted four weeks and began in late July or early August. In 2010, the meet expanded to 40 racing days, with races held five days per week. It lasts from mid-July through Labor Day in early September.
Llanfihangel Nant Melan
Llanfihangel Nant Melan is a small village in Powys, Wales, in the ancient county of Radnorshire. It is around 7 miles (11 km) from the English border. It is in the community of New Radnor. Until 1983 Llanfihangel Nant Melan was a community itself.

The village lies in a valley on the A44 road on the edge of the Radnor Forest, and is home to a church and two pubs. The A481 road from Builth joins the A44 near here.

England–Wales border
The England–Wales border, sometimes referred to as the Wales–England border or the Anglo-Welsh border, runs for 160 miles (260 km) from the Dee estuary, in the north, to the Severn estuary in the south, separating England and Wales.

It has followed broadly the same line since the 8th century, and in part that of Offa's Dyke; the modern boundary was fixed in 1536, when the former marcher lordships which occupied the border area were abolished and new county boundaries were created. The administrative boundary of Wales was confirmed in the Local Government Act 1972. Whether Monmouthshire was part of Wales, or an English county treated for most purposes as though it were Welsh, was also settled by the 1972 Act, which included it in Wales.
Barry Cheales
Barry Cheales OAM (born 7 February 1943) is an Australian gymnast. He competed in eight events at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

Cheales was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia in the 1994 Australia Day Honours for "service to the sport of gymnastics". He received the Australian Sports Medal in 2000.

1994 Australia Day Honours
The 1994 Australia Day Honours are appointments to various orders and honours to recognise and reward good works by Australian citizens. The list was announced on 26 January 1994 by the Governor General of Australia, Bill Hayden.

The Australia Day Honours are the first of the two major annual honours lists, the first announced to coincide with Australia Day (26 January), with the other being the Queen's Birthday Honours, which are announced on the second Monday in June.

† indicates an award given posthumously.
Chervonyi Yar, Zaporizhzhia Raion
Chervonyi Yar (Ukrainian: Червоний Яр; Russian: Червоный Яр) is a village (a selo) in the Zaporizhzhia Raion (district) of Zaporizhzhia Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its population was 114 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census. Administratively, it belonged to the Vesele Rural Council, a former local government area before the administrative reform in 2020.

Local government in Ukraine
Local government in Ukraine (Ukrainian: Місцева влада, romanized: Mistseva vlada) consists of two systems based on the administrative divisions of Ukraine. There are 24 oblasts, one autonomous republic, and two cities with special status, with each region further divided into raions (districts) and then hromadas.

In Ukraine, relations regarding the organization and activity of entities of local government are regulated by the Constitution of Ukraine, laws "About local self-governance in Ukraine" (1997) and "About local state administrations" (1999).

Deputies in Ukrainian local councils work on a voluntary basis.
Braunstein–Ghosh–Severini entropy
In network theory, the Braunstein–Ghosh–Severini entropy (BGS entropy) of a network is the von Neumann entropy of a density matrix given by a normalized Laplacian matrix of the network. This definition of entropy does not have a clear thermodynamical interpretation. The BGS entropy has been used in the context of quantum gravity.

Network theory
In mathematics, computer science, and network science, network theory is a part of graph theory. It defines networks as graphs where the vertices or edges possess attributes. Network theory analyses these networks over the symmetric relations or asymmetric relations between their (discrete) components.

Network theory has applications in many disciplines, including statistical physics, particle physics, computer science, electrical engineering, biology, archaeology, linguistics, economics, finance, operations research, climatology, ecology, public health, sociology, psychology, and neuroscience. Applications of network theory include logistical networks, the World Wide Web, Internet, gene regulatory networks, metabolic networks, social networks, epistemological networks, etc.; see List of network theory topics for more examples.

Euler's solution of the Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem is considered to be the first true proof in the theory of networks.
Sonagachi
Sonagachi is a neighbourhood in Kolkata, India, located in North Kolkata near the intersection of Jatindra Mohan Avenue (north of C.R. Avenue) with Beadon Street and Sovabazar, about one kilometer north of the Marble Palace area. Sonagachi is among the largest red-light districts in Asia and the world with several hundred multi-storey brothels residing more than 16,000 commercial sex workers.

Chittaranjan Avenue, Kolkata
Chittaranjan Avenue, commonly C.R. Avenue (Formerly known as Central Avenue) is a principal north-south thoroughfare in Central-North Kolkata. It starts from Beadon Street (Dani Ghosh Sarani/Abhedananda Road) crossing (Girish Park) in the north and ends at Chowringhee Road-Bentinck Street Junction (Esplanade) in the south. The road is renamed after Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das, a nationalist politician and freedom-fighter of India. North of Beadon Street crossing, Central Avenue becomes Jatindra Mohan Avenue.
Islam in West Bengal
According to the 2011 census, West Bengal has over 24.6 million Muslims, making up 27% of the state's population. The vast majority of Muslims in West Bengal are ethnic Bengali Muslims, numbering around over 22 million and comprising 24.1% of the state population (mostly they reside in Rural areas). There also exists an Urdu-speaking Muslim community numbering 1.66 million, constituting 2.9% of the state population and mostly resides in Urban areas of the state.

Muslims form the majority of the population in three districts: Murshidabad, Malda and Uttar Dinajpur. Among these, Uttar Dinajpur is notable as ethnic Bengali Muslims comprise 28% of the district's population, with the remaining 22% being Urdu and Surjapuri speakers.

Abul Bashar
Abul Bashar (Bengali: আবুল বাশার) is an Indian Bengali writer. He was born in 1951 in  Tekaraipur, Islampur, Domkal, Murshidabad district. Bashar won Banga Bhushan in 2019. Bashar was chief guest for Inauguration at Kolkata International Book Fair in 2025.
A. Thomas Doyle
Andrew Thomas Doyle (September 23, 1917 – July 22, 1989) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse trainer known for his success with young horses. He was reported as both "Tommy Doyle" and "A. T. Doyle."

A native of Dublin, Ireland, Tommy Doyle came from a family with a long history in the sport of horse racing. He emigrated to the United States in 1951 and made his way to California where he eventually owned a ranch in Bradbury on which he raised and trained horses.

Widely respected for his ability to work with young horses, two-year-old fillies trained by Tommy Doyle won the Junior Miss and Del Mar Debutante Stakes a combined thirteen times. Among his best-known horses, Doyle trained Typecast to the 1972 American Champion Older Female Horse title and in 1975 conditioned Avatar to wins in the Santa Anita Derby and the third leg of the U.S. Triple Crown, the Belmont Stakes.

Tommy Doyle died from Alzheimer's disease at age 71 in 1989.

Junior Miss Stakes
The Junior Miss Stakes was an American flat Thoroughbred horse race for two-year-old fillies held annually at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California from 1952 through 1992.  It was run as a Grade III race over a distance of 6 furlongs on dirt.
Adrien Arsenault
Adrien F. Arsenault (April 12, 1889 – June 28, 1941) was a lawyer and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 3rd Prince in the Legislative Assembly from 1922 to 1935 as a Conservative.

Legislative assembly
Legislative assembly is the name given in some countries to either a legislature, or to one of its houses.

The name is used by a number of countries, including member-states of the Commonwealth of Nations and other countries.  It is also used by their sub-national divisions, such as the Indian states and union territories, Australian states and Canadian provinces.
Turin–Fossano–Savona railway
The Turin–Fossano–Savona railway is a major Italian railway that links the cities of Turin and Savona. The railway is double track up to Ceva, standard gauge and fully electrified at 3 kV DC. It connects the cities of Trofarello, Carmagnola, Cavallermaggiore, Savigliano, Fossano, Mondovì, Ceva and San Giuseppe di Cairo.

Carmagnola
Carmagnola (Italian: [karmaɲˈɲɔːla]; Piedmontese: Carmagnòla [karmaˈɲɔla] ⓘ) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located 29 kilometres (18 mi) south of Turin. The town is on the right side of the Po river. The nature of the soil determined over time how the river's sand accumulated.

Carmagnola borders the following municipalities: Poirino, Villastellone, Carignano, Lombriasco, Ceresole d'Alba, Racconigi, Sommariva del Bosco, Caramagna Piemonte.
Coeur d'Alene Parkway State Park
Coeur d'Alene Parkway State Park is a 5.7-mile-long (9.2 km) paved trail in Kootenai County, Idaho, United States. The parkway is located south of Coeur d'Alene along the north shore of Lake Coeur d'Alene. It is a portion of the North Idaho Centennial Trail. Park features include a boat launch, docks, and picnic area at Higgens Point.

Parkway
A parkway is a landscaped thoroughfare. The term is particularly used for a roadway in a park or connecting to a park from which trucks and other heavy vehicles are excluded.

Over the years, many different types of roads have been labeled parkways. The term may be used to describe city streets as narrow as two lanes with a landscaped median, wide landscaped setbacks, or both.

The term has also been applied to scenic highways and to limited-access roads more generally. Many parkways originally intended for scenic, recreational driving have evolved into major urban and commuter routes.
Schaumburg Regional Airport
Schaumburg Regional Airport (FAA LID: 06C) is a public use airport located 22 nautical miles (41 km; 25 mi) northwest of Chicago in the village of Schaumburg in Cook and DuPage counties, Illinois, United States. The airport is owned by the Village of Schaumburg and is just south of the Schaumburg Municipal Helistop.

Illinois Route 19
Illinois Route 19 (abbreviated IL-19, or simply Illinois 19) is a major east–west arterial state highway in northeastern Illinois, United States. It runs from Illinois Route 25 (Liberty St.) in Elgin, to Lake Shore Drive (U.S. Route 41) on the north side of Chicago. Illinois 19 is 33.64 miles (54.14 km) long. From its western terminus to Schaumburg Road in Elgin, it's known as Chicago Street before becoming Irving Park Road until its eastern terminus.
F. C. S. Schiller
Ferdinand Canning Scott Schiller, FBA (German: [ˈʃɪlɐ]; 16 August 1864 – 6 August 1937), usually cited as F. C. S. Schiller, was a German-British philosopher. Born in Altona, Holstein (at that time member of the German Confederation, but under Danish administration), Schiller studied at the University of Oxford, later was a professor there, after being invited back after a brief time at Cornell University. Later in his life he taught at the University of Southern California. In his lifetime he was well known as a philosopher; after his death, his work was largely forgotten.

Schiller's philosophy was very similar to and often aligned with the pragmatism of William James, although Schiller referred to it as "humanism". He argued vigorously against ideas like logical positivism, absolute idealism (such as F. H. Bradley), and the type of determinism written about by Bertrand Russell.

Altona, Hamburg
Altona (German: [ˈaltonaː] ⓘ), also called Hamburg-Altona, is the westernmost urban borough (Bezirk) of the German city state of Hamburg. Located on the right bank of the Elbe river, Altona had a population of 270,263 in 2016.

From 1640 to 1864, Altona was under the administration of the Danish monarchy. Altona was an independent borough until 1937.
Battle of Roliça
At the Battle of Roliça (17 August 1808), the first battle fought by the British army during the Peninsular War, an Anglo-Portuguese army under Sir Arthur Wellesley defeated an outnumbered Imperial French division under General of Division Henri François Delaborde, near the village of Roliça in Portugal. The French retired in good order.

Divisional general
Divisional general (alternatively general of division) is a general officer rank who commands an army division. The rank originates from the French Revolutionary System, and is used by a number of countries.  The rank is above a brigade general, and normally below an army corps general.

The rank is mostly used in countries where it is used as a modern alternative to a previous older rank of major-general or lieutenant-general.
Supersilent
Supersilent is a Norwegian avant-garde-improvisational music group formed at Nattjazz in Bergen in 1997. The trio Veslefrekk was asked to play with electronic musician Helge "Deathprod" Sten. The fusion of the experimental jazz group with Sten's rumbling drones and noise was so successful that they united as Supersilent.

That same year, their triple debut album 1-3 was released as the first release on the record label Rune Grammofon. The band attracted attention with their aggressive combination of improvised jazz, frirock and noise blowouts. They are known for making only improvised music and for the distinctive uniformity of their album covers.

Nattjazz
Bergen International Jazz Festival or  Nattjazz, is one of the largest jazz festivals of Norway. The festival has a musical profile with an emphasis on ethnic and contemporary jazz. It is held annually in late May, coinciding with Festspillene i Bergen, and is located at Verftet in Bergen Municipality.
John Dudley (physicist)
John Michael Dudley is a physicist and currently Professor of Physics at the Université Marie et Louis Pasteur working at the joint University-CNRS research Institute FEMTO-ST in Besançon, France.  Originally from New Zealand, he is known for his research in nonlinear and ultrafast optical physics, for service to international scientific societies, and for initiatives in promoting international scientific outreach and the public communication of science.

Optica (society)
Optica, founded as the Optical Society of America (later the Optical Society), is a professional society of individuals and companies with an interest in optics and photonics. It publishes journals, organizes conferences and exhibitions, and carries out charitable activities.
Berberis lambertii
Berberis lambertii is a shrub in the family Berberidaceae described as a species in 1921. It is known only from the Chamoli and Pithoragarh districts of Uttarakhand in northern India. The species was long thought to be extinct because it had not been collected in nearly 100 years until living populations were discovered recently.

Chamoli district
Chamoli district is a district of the Uttarakhand state of India. It is bounded by China's Xizang Autonomous Region to the north, and by the Uttarakhand districts of Pithoragarh and Bageshwar to the east, Almora to the south, Pauri Garhwal to the southwest, Rudraprayag to the west, and Uttarkashi to the northwest. The administrative headquarters of Chamoli district is in Gopeshwar.

Chamoli hosts a variety of destinations of pilgrim and tourist interest including Badrinath, Hemkund Sahib and Valley of Flowers. The Chipko movement was first started in Chamoli.
ARM Huracán
ARM Huracán (A-301) is a missile boat in the Mexican Navy. Previously the Israeli Navy Sa'ar 4.5-class missile boat INS Aliya, was bought by Mexico for the Mexican Navy. Press reports indicate that the Israelis removed the Harpoon missile systems prior to the sale, though the Gabriel anti-ship missile systems were included in the package.

ARM Huracán was built by Israel Shipyards Ltd in 1981 and underwent a complete overhaul before its transfer to the Mexican Navy on August 23, 2004.

Israeli Navy
The Israeli Navy (Hebrew: חיל הים הישראלי‎, Ḥeil HaYam HaYisraeli, lit. '[The] Israeli Sea Corps'; Arabic: البحرية الإسرائيلية) is the naval warfare service arm of the Israel Defense Forces, operating primarily in the Mediterranean Sea theater as well as the Gulf of Eilat and the Red Sea theater. The current commander of the Israeli Navy is Rear Admiral David Saar Salama. The Israeli Navy is believed to be responsible for maintaining Israel's offshore nuclear second strike capability.
Vomeronasal cartilage
The vomeronasal cartilage (or Jacobson's cartilage) is a narrow strip of cartilage, low on the medial wall of the nasal cavity. It lies between the septal nasal cartilage and the vomer. The cartilage lies below, but is not connected to, the rudimentary vomeronasal organ.

Ludwig Lewin Jacobson (1783–1843), a Danish anatomist, named this structure in 1809.

Vomer
The vomer (/ˈvoʊmər/; Latin: vomer, lit. 'ploughshare') is one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull. It is located in the midsagittal line, and articulates with the sphenoid, the ethmoid, the left and right palatine bones, and the left and right maxillary bones. The vomer forms the inferior part of the nasal septum in humans, with the superior part formed by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. The name is derived from the Latin word for a ploughshare and the shape of the bone.
Orbitolina
Orbitolina is an extinct genus of foraminifera belonging to the order Textulariida and family Orbitolinidae. Fossils of this genus are widely found in beds deposited in the Tethys Ocean ranging from Aptian (early Cretaceous) to Cenomanian (early Late Cretaceous) in age. It has been used as a shallow carbonate platform facies marker and as a Cretaceous index fossil.

The test of the organism has the shape of a cone, with the proloculus (initial chamber) at the apex of the cone and increasingly large cuplike chambers forming the remainder of the test. Each chamber is further subdivided by numerous partitions.

Facies
In geology, a facies (/ˈfeɪʃɪ.iːz/ FAY-shih-eez, US also /ˈfeɪʃiːz/ FAY-sheez; same pronunciation and spelling in the plural) is a body of rock with distinctive characteristics. The characteristics can be any observable attribute of rocks (such as their overall appearance, composition, or condition of formation) and the changes that may occur in those attributes over a geographic area. A facies encompasses all the characteristics of a rock including its chemical, physical, and biological features that distinguish it from adjacent rock.

The term "facies" was introduced by the Swiss geologist Amanz Gressly in 1838 and was part of his significant contribution to the foundations of modern stratigraphy, which replaced the earlier notions of Neptunism.
Waikare
Waikare is a locality in Northland, New Zealand. The Waikare River flows from the Russell Forest past Waikare and into the Waikare Inlet, which leads into the Bay of Islands.

The population is largely of the Te Kapotai hapū and Ngāti Pare iwi.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "rippling waters" for Waikare.

Northland Region
Northland (Māori: Te Tai Tokerau), officially the Northland Region, is the northernmost of New Zealand's 16 local government regions. The region is known for its warm weather. The major population centre is the city of Whangārei, and the largest town is Kerikeri. At the 2018 New Zealand census, Northland recorded a population growth spurt of 18.1% since the previous 2013 census, placing it as the fastest growing region in New Zealand, ahead of other strong growth regions such as the Bay of Plenty Region (2nd with 15%) and Waikato (3rd with 13.5%).
History of Tocco da Casauria
The history of Tocco da Casauria traces its origins to the foundation of the first settlement of Interpromium in ancient times. After the disappearance of that settlement in the Middle Ages, the present town of Tocco was formed, developing around the two most important town buildings (Caracciolo Castle and the church of St. Eustace) as a result of a succession of rivalries between the Abbey of San Clemente a Casauria, to which the territories of Tocco belonged de jure, and lords of Germanic origin who attempted to usurp them by force.

De jure
In law and government, de jure (/deɪ ˈdʒʊəri, di -, - ˈjʊər-/; Latin: [deː ˈjuːre]; lit. 'from law') describes practices that are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. The phrase is often used in contrast with de facto ('from fact'), which describes situations that exist in reality, even if not formally recognized.