hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hampstead Heath, with a Bonfire
Hampstead Heath, with a Bonfire is a c.1822 landscape painting by the British artist John Constable. It depicts a view of Hampstead Heath, close to where Constable and his family had been living since 1819. In several views of the Heath, Constable uses relatively small human figures to emphasise its size.

Today it is in the Yale Center for British Art in Connecticut, having been acquired in 1999 through Paul Mellon.

Yale Center for British Art
The Yale Center for British Art at Yale University in central New Haven, Connecticut, houses the largest and most comprehensive collection of British art outside the United Kingdom. The collection of paintings, sculpture, drawings, prints, rare books, and manuscripts reflects the development of British art and culture from the Elizabethan period onward. Its director is currently Martina Droth.
Carol Smith (contralto)
Carol Louise Smith (February 20, 1926 – June 6, 2021) was an American contralto who made an international career in opera and concert, and was an academic teacher at the Musikhochschule Zürich and at the Indiana University Bloomington.

Contralto
A contralto (Italian pronunciation: [konˈtralto]) is a classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest of their voice types.

The contralto voice type is fairly rare. A contralto's range is similar to that of a mezzo-soprano, and almost identical to that of a countertenor – typically from the F below middle C (F3 in scientific pitch notation) to the second F above middle C (F5), although, at the extremes, some voices can reach the D below middle C (D3) or the second B♭ above middle C (B♭5). The contralto voice type includes coloratura, lyric, and dramatic contraltos.
Fişek
Fişek is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hayrullah Fişek (1885–1975), Turkish career officer

Hicri Fişek (1918–2002), Turkish politician

Nusret Fişek (1914–1990), Turkish government minister

Şadan Fişek (1922–2002), Turkish politician

Hicri Fişek
Hicri Fişek (22 September 1918 – 26 February 2002) was a Turkish professor of international law.

He founded the "Tevfik Fikret" high-school in Ankara, Turkey, in 1964. He received the French Légion d'Honneur (Chevalier 1964; Officier 1975), and was awarded an Honorary Degree by the University of Strasbourg in 1974.
Silchar–Coimbatore Superfast Express
The Silchar-Coimbatore Superfast Express is a Superfast train of the Indian Railways belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway connecting Silchar in Assam and  Coimbatore Junction in Tamil Nadu. It is currently being operated with 12516/12515 train numbers on once in week basis. The train passes through Assam, West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand,  Odisha, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. It starts from Silchar at 20:10 on Tuesday and reaches Coimbatore Junction at 12:00 on Friday.
During its journey the train travels through major cities like Guwahati, Siliguri, Malda, Rampurhat, Kolkata, Kharagpur, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram,  Visakhapatnam, Rajahmundry, Vijayawada, Chennai, Vellore, Salem, Erode and Coimbatore. It holds the record of 8th longest running train of Indian Railways that covers 3492 km. (as of 2022).

Longest train services of Indian Railways
This article lists the longest passenger rail services that are currently scheduled and running directly between two cities. Services that require railcar exchanges, coach changes, shunting or station transfers are not listed.
Ryszard Wójcik
Ryszard Wójcik (born 6 June 1956) is a Polish former football referee who is best known for refereeing a match at the 1998 FIFA World Cup and two at the 1991 FIFA World Youth Championship in Portugal.

He was born in Opole in 1956 and refereed over 300 matches in the Polish Football League. In 1991, he refereed two matches at the FIFA World Youth Championship - a group stage match between Brazil and the Ivory Coast which ended 2-1 and a further quarter-final in which Portugal defeated Mexico 2-1.

In 1998 he was selected to referee in that year's World Cup in France as a UEFA representative. He refereed one match - a group match between the Netherlands and South Korea which the Dutch won 5-0.

He also refereed the 1999 UEFA Super Cup, which Lazio won 1-0. Amongst others, he has refereed matches in the UEFA Champions League. He retired in 2002.

1999 UEFA Super Cup
The 1999 UEFA Super Cup was a football match played on 27 August 1999 between the 1998–99 UEFA Champions League winners, Manchester United, and Lazio, winners of the 1998–99 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.

Lazio won the match 1–0, the winning goal coming from Chilean striker Marcelo Salas in the 35th minute. The match was played at a neutral venue, the Stade Louis II in Monaco, in front of 14,461 spectators.

This was the last Super Cup contested by the winners of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, as the tournament was discontinued after the 1998–99 season. Since 2000, it has been contested by the winners of the UEFA Champions League and the winners of the UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League.
Dhaka, East Champaran
Dhaka is a town and a notified area in the district of East Champaran entry point Mehsi in the state of Bihar, India. Dhaka is Nagar Parishad that is divided into 25 wards. It is the headquarters of  Sikrahana subdivision. In the last 10–15 years Dhaka emerged as the town for its nearby area. It is very close to the border of Nepal. People of all religions live here, but this is a predominantly Muslim area. Its land is second cheapest after Raxaul in Bihar. There are both criminal and civil courts dealing with cases for the whole jurisdiction. There are two graduate degree level colleges in Dhaka. There are busy and bustling markets here that offers goods of all brands.

Dhaka is also known as a land of 'champaran satyagrah' which was started by Mahatma Gandhi. Another prominent leader and freedom fighter was Siyaram Thakur. And MLA from 1977 to 1979. From Janta party government.

East Champaran district
East Champaran district or Purvi Champaran district is an administrative district in the Tirhut division of the state of Bihar in India. The district headquarter is located at Motihari. Prior to 1971, there was a single Champaran District. On 1 December 1971, it was divided into East and West Champaran (Purvi and Paschimi Champaran). In early days the land of East Chamapran was ruled by different kingdoms as Videha, Sunga, Kanvas. It is also believed that Champaran used to be a major part of King Janak's empire. Mahatma Gandhi started his famous Satyagraha movement from here.
Grace Alele-Williams
Grace Awani Alele-Williams  OON, FMAN, FNAE (16 December 1932 – 25 March 2022) was a Nigerian professor of mathematics education, who made history as the first Nigerian woman to receive a doctorate, and the first female vice-chancellor at any Nigerian university,  at the University of Benin.

Mathematics education
In contemporary education, mathematics education (known in Europe as the didactics or pedagogy of mathematics) is the practice of teaching, learning, and carrying out scholarly research into the transfer of mathematical knowledge.

Although research into mathematics education is primarily concerned with the tools, methods, and approaches that facilitate practice or the study of practice, it also covers an extensive field of study encompassing a variety of different concepts, theories and methods. National and international organisations regularly hold conferences and publish literature in order to improve mathematics education.
Palace II
Palace II (Chinese: 宫锁珠帘, lit. Locked Beaded Curtain) is a 2012 Chinese television series written and produced by Yu Zheng and directed by Lee Wai-chu. It is a sequel to the 2011 television series Palace. The series was first broadcast on HBS in China from 20 January to 8 February 2012.  It was followed by Palace 3: The Lost Daughter (宫锁连城), and the film The Palace (2013 film), otherwise known as The Palace: Lock Sinensis (宫锁沉香).

Hunan Broadcasting System
Hunan Broadcasting System (HBS) (Chinese: 湖南广播电视台; pinyin: Húnán Guǎngbò Diànshìtái), formerly known as Golden Eagle Broadcasting System (GBS), is China's second biggest state-owned television network after China Media Group (CMG). The television network is owned by the Hunan provincial government. The network is based in Changsha in Hunan and Xining in Qinghai. On 20 May 2009, the television network expanded its service to Hong Kong and North America.
1962 Batman by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Batman in Victoria (Australia) on 1 September 1962. It was triggered by the death of Labor MP Alan Bird.

The by-election was won by Labor candidate Sam Benson. The governing Liberal Party did not nominate a candidate, leaving the candidate of the so-called Liberal Forum, an ally of Douglas Darby, an Independent New South Wales state parliamentarian, to take second place.

Douglas Darby
Evelyn Douglas Darby MP (24 September 1910 – 22 August 1985) was an Australian politician, elected as a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly.  His efforts in denouncing socialism, attacking  the labour movement, breaking strikes, organising anti-Soviet Eastern European émigrés, supporting Australia's military commitment to the Vietnam War, and championing non-communist Taiwan, established Darby's reputation as a powerful right-wing ideologue.
One Hundred Nails
One Hundred Nails (Italian: Centochiodi) is a 2007 Italian drama film directed by Ermanno Olmi, starring Raz Degan. It tells the story of a young professor who leaves his position at the University of Bologna to live in an old farmhouse by the river Po, where he gets involved with the local population. The film was shown as a Special Screening at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival. It received the Critics Award at the 2007 David di Donatello Awards and was nominated in eight more categories, including Best Film.

David di Donatello
The David di Donatello Awards, named after Donatello's David, a symbolic statue of the Italian Renaissance, are film awards given out each year by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (the Academy of Italian Cinema). There are 26 award categories, as of 2023. The industry-voted awards are considered the Italian equivalent of the American Academy Awards.
Schleithal
Schleithal (French pronunciation: [ʃlaital]) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. Located in the northern Lower Rhine just steps from the French-German border. This boundary is defined by the Lauter which gives its name to the small town of Lauterbourg located at the mouth of the river Rhine. Schleithal is a linear settlement.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
Tribe of Manasseh
According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Manasseh (/məˈnæsə/; Hebrew: שֵׁבֶט מְנַשֶּׁה‎‎ Ševet Mənašše, Tiberian: Šēḇeṭ Mănašše) was one of the twelve tribes of  Israel. After the  Assyrian invasion of 720 BCE, it is counted as one of the ten lost tribes. Together with the Tribe of Ephraim, Manasseh also formed the House of Joseph.

Academic consensus, informed by historical context, textual analysis, and archaeological evidence, largely views the Israelite tribes as eponymous figures representing social or regional groups formed from indigenous Canaanite populations during the Late Bronze and Early Iron periods, rather than as actual historical individuals.

Tiberian Hebrew
Tiberian Hebrew is the canonical pronunciation of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) committed to writing by Masoretic scholars living in the Jewish community of Tiberias in ancient Galilee c. 750–950 CE under the Abbasid Caliphate. They wrote in the form of Tiberian vocalization, which employed diacritics added to the Hebrew letters: vowel signs and consonant diacritics (nequdot) and the so-called accents (two related systems of cantillation signs or te'amim). These together with the marginal notes masora magna and masora parva make up the Tiberian apparatus.

Although the written vowels and accents came into use in around 750 CE, the oral tradition that they reflect is many centuries older, with ancient roots.
Babyland
Babyland was an American performance-based independent electronic junk punk band from Los Angeles featuring Dan Gatto performing vocals and electronics and Michael Smith on percussion. The band released six studio albums before disbanding in 2009: You Suck Crap (1992), A Total Letdown (1994), Who's Sorry Now (1995), Outlive Your Enemies (1998), The Finger (2004), and Cavecraft (2008).

Re-Constriction Records
Re-Constriction Records was a division of Cargo Music based in California. The label was founded in 1992 and headed by Chase, who previously was the music director at KCR, a student radio station on the campus of San Diego State University. They specialized in releasing bands belonging to the industrial, aggrotech, and EBM genres.

After the label folded, Chase worked for Access Communications for 14 years in video game-related public relations, including helping to launch Twitch in 2011. In May 2013, he took a staff job at Twitch overseeing all of their PR efforts. In 2019, he left Twitch  and soon joined StreamElements.
Lake Bullen Merri
Lake Bullen Merri and its smaller northern neighbour Lake Gnotuk are a pair of crater lakes near Camperdown in south western Victoria, Australia.

Lake Bullen Merri has brackish water quality whereas Lake Gnotuk is hyper saline (twice as salty than seawater).

Regions of Victoria
The regions of Victoria vary according to the different ways that the Australian state of Victoria is divided into distinct geographic regions. The most commonly used regions are those created by the state government for the purposes of economic development.

Others regions include those made for land management, such as agriculture or conservation, and for the gathering of information, such as statistical or meteorological. Although most regional systems were defined for specific purposes and given specific boundaries, many regions have similar names and extents according to the different regionalisations. As a result, the names and boundaries of regions can vary and overlap even in popular usage.
Chris Pearce
Chris Pearce is the name of:

Chris Pearce (politician) (born 1963), Australian politician

Chris Pearce (footballer) (born 1961), Welsh footballer

Christopher Pearce (cricketer) (born 1984), English cricketer

Christopher Pierce (rower) (born 1942), British rower who competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics

Christopher Pearce (cricketer)
Christopher James Pearce (born 19 April 1984) is an English cricketer.  Pearce is a right-handed batsman who bowls leg break. He was born in Wolverhampton, England.

Pearce represented the Worcestershire Cricket Board in a single List A match against Worcestershire in the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy.  In his only List A match, he scored 5 runs and took a single catch in the field.
Pandeiro
The pandeiro (Portuguese pronunciation: [pɐ̃ˈdejɾu]) is a type of hand frame drum popular in Brazil. The pandeiro is used in a number of Brazilian music forms, such as samba, choro, coco, capoeira, and bossa nova music.

The drumhead is tunable, and the rim holds metal jingles (platinelas) which are cupped, creating a crisper, drier and less sustained tone on the pandeiro than on the tambourine. It is held in one hand, and struck on the head by the other hand to produce the sound. Typical pandeiro patterns are played by alternating the thumb, fingertips, heel, and palm of the hand. A pandeiro can also be shaken to make sound, or one can run a finger along the head to produce a drum roll.

Frame drum
A frame drum is a drum that has a drumhead width greater than its depth. It is one of the most ancient musical instruments, and perhaps the first drum to be invented. It has a single drumhead that is usually made of rawhide, but man-made materials may also be used. Some frame drums have mechanical tuning, while on many others the drumhead is tacked in place. The drumhead is stretched over a round, wooden frame called a shell. The shell is traditionally constructed of rosewood, oak, ash etc. that has been bent and then scarf jointed together; though some are also made of plywood or man-made materials. Metal rings or jingles may also be attached to the frame. In many cultures, larger frame drums are played mainly by men in spiritual ceremonies, while medium-size drums are played mainly by women.
Peaceful transition of power
A peaceful transition or transfer of power is a concept important to democratic governments in which the leadership of a government peacefully hands over control of government to a newly elected leadership. This may be after elections or during the transition from a different kind of political regime, such as the post-communist period after the fall of the Soviet Union.

In scholarship examining democratization and emerging democracies, study of the successful transitions of power is used to understand the transition to constitutional democracy and the relative stability of that government. A 2014 study concluded that 68 countries had never had a peaceful transition of power due to an election since 1788.

Post-communism
Post-communism is the period of political and economic transformation or transition in post-Soviet states and other formerly communist states located in Central-Eastern Europe and parts of Latin America, Africa, and Asia, in which new governments aimed to create free market-oriented capitalist economies. In 1989–1992, communist party governance collapsed in most communist party-governed states. After severe hardships communist parties retained control in China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, and Vietnam. SFR Yugoslavia began to disintegrate, which plunged the country into a long complex series of wars between ethnic groups and nation-states. Soviet-oriented communist movements collapsed in countries where they were not in control.
Viktor Dovgan
Viktor Dovgan (born February 27, 1987) is a Russian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He last played with Beibarys Atyrau in the Kazakhstan Hockey Championship (KHC). He was originally selected in the seventh round, 209th overall, by the Washington Capitals in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft.

He formerly played with HC Sarov in the Supreme Hockey League (VHL) under contract from Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

2005 NHL entry draft
The 2005 NHL entry draft was the 43rd entry draft for the National Hockey League. Originally scheduled to be held on June 25, it was postponed to July 30 due to the 2004–05 NHL lockout.

Special procedures were required to determine the order of picks, because the previous season had been cancelled due to the lockout. The first overall pick was won in a lottery by the Pittsburgh Penguins, who selected Sidney Crosby.

As of 2025, the remaining active players in the NHL from this draft are Sidney Crosby, Jack Johnson, Anze Kopitar, Kris Letang, Jonathan Quick, Ryan Reaves, and Marc-Edouard Vlasic.
Ffynnon Beuno and Cae Gwyn Caves
Ffynnon Beuno and Cae Gwyn Caves are two scheduled monuments, in Denbighshire, Wales, which are also designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).

The site has two caves, with entrances close to each other high on a valley side, above the Vale of Clwyd. They were first excavated in 1883–5. Human tools have been found on the site dating back to around 36,000 BC, and a mammoth bone has been dated back to 16,000 BC. These very early discoveries were significant in providing one of the first direct associations between stone tools of Paleolithic people and the bones of extinct pre-ice age animals such as mammoth and woolly rhinoceros.

In 1963 it was designated as an SSSI for the Palaeontological interest described above and for its species interest as a winter roost of lesser horseshoe bat.

Lesser horseshoe bat
The lesser horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros) is a type of small European and North African insectivorous bat, related to its larger cousin, the greater horseshoe bat. As with all horseshoe bats, the species gets its name from its distinctive horseshoe-shaped noseleaf.
Næs jernverk
58°37′41″N 8°51′17″E﻿ / ﻿58.62806°N 8.85472°E﻿ / 58.62806; 8.85472

Næs Ironworks (Norwegian: Næs Jernverk or Næs verk) in Holt (now part of Tvedestrand municipality, in Aust-Agder county, Norway), was an iron works which started operation in  1665 under the name “Baaseland Værk”.  The blast furnace and foundry were located at the Båsland farm, while the associated  forge was located a kilometer further east, by the Storelva river at Næs. The blast furnace was new, and not an extension of the Barbu jernverk at Arendal which ceased operations in the 1650s. “Baaseland Værk” was given the name Naes blast furnace operation when the buildings were concentrated by Storelva in 1738.
About 1840 the firm was renamed Jacob Aall & Søn. It ceased operation in 1959.

Foundry
A foundry is a factory that produces metal castings. Metals are cast into shapes by melting them into a liquid, pouring the metal into a mold, and removing the mold material after the metal has solidified as it cools. The most common metals processed are aluminium and cast iron. However, other metals, such as bronze, brass, steel, magnesium, and zinc, are also used to produce castings in foundries. In this process, parts of desired shapes and sizes can be formed.

Foundries are one of the largest contributors to the manufacturing recycling movement, melting and recasting millions of tons of scrap metal every year to create new durable goods. Moreover, many foundries use sand in their molding process. These foundries often use, recondition, and reuse sand, which is another form of recycling.
Bay of Sielmönken
The Bay of Sielmönken or Bight of Sielmönken (German: Bucht von Sielmönken or Sielmönker Bucht) is a former bay on the territory of the present day municipality of Krummhörn in the west of East Frisia in Germany. The bight reached its greatest extent during the Carolingian transgression of 800 to 950 A. D. After that it silted up heavily and was completely enclosed by dykes between 1,000 A. D. and the 13th century.

Koog
A koog (German pronunciation: [koːk] ⓘ; plural: köge [ˈkøːɡə] ⓘ) or groden is a type of polder found on the North Sea coast of Germany that is established by the construction of dykes enclosing the land which is then drained to form marshland. This type of land reclamation is also used along rivers. In general, a koog is protected by embankments known as dykes (Deiche).