hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Otto Friedrich Bernhard von Linstow
Otto Friedrich Bernhard von Linstow (17 October 1842 – 3 May 1916) was a German high-ranking medical officer (Oberstabsarzt und Regimentsarzt)  and helminthologist. Von Linstow was born in Itzehoe north west of Hamburg. He received his medical PhD in 1864 at the University of Kiel and worked as military doctor in Hameln, later in Göttingen, where he was promoted to a major. He published his book Compendium der Helminthology in 1878 in Hannover. Von Linstow  died 3 May 1916 in Göttingen.

Itzehoe
Itzehoe (German: [ɪtsəˈhoː] ⓘ; Low German: Itzhoe) is a town in Schleswig-Holstein in northern Germany.

As the capital of the district Steinburg, Itzehoe is located on the Stör, a navigable tributary of the Elbe, 51 km (31.7 mi) northwest of Hamburg and 24 km (14.9 mi) north of Glückstadt. The population is about 32,530.
San Roque Canyon
San Roque Canyon is a valley in Santa Barbara County, California.  San Roque Creek tributary to Arroyo Burro flows through it. The Canyon heads at a point at an elevation of 3,400 feet / 1,000 meters, at 34°29′34″N 119°42′58″W﻿ / ﻿34.49278°N 119.71611°W﻿ / 34.49278; -119.71611, 0.8 miles west of La Cumbre Peak and trends south-southwest four miles to 34°26′20″N 119°44′41″W﻿ / ﻿34.43889°N 119.74472°W﻿ / 34.43889; -119.74472, near the confluence of San Roque Creek with Arroyo Burro at an elevation of 187 feet / 57 meters.

Arroyo Burro
Arroyo Burro or Arroyo Burro Creek is a stream in Santa Barbara County, California, United States.

Arroyo Burro is 6 miles (9.7 km) long. Its source is in the Santa Ynez Mountains at the head of Barger Canyon at an elevation of 1,550 feet (470 m) at 34°28′49″N 119°44′39″W﻿ / ﻿34.48028°N 119.74417°W﻿ / 34.48028; -119.74417.  It trends south to its confluence with the Santa Barbara Channel of the Pacific Ocean, 2.3 miles (3.7 km) west of Santa Barbara Point in the Arroyo Burro Beach County Park.
Martyn Trainor
Vice Admiral Martyn Trainor SD & Bar SM MMM SAN (Rtd) (born 13 January 1944) is a retired South African Navy Officer, who served as Chief of Corporate Staff of the South African National Defence Force.

South African National Defence Force
The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) comprises the armed forces of South Africa. The Chief of the SANDF is appointed by the President of South Africa from one of the armed services. They are in turn accountable to the Minister of Defence and Military Veterans of the Defence Department.

The military as it exists today was created in 1994, following South Africa's first nonracial election in April of that year and the adoption of a new constitution. It replaced the South African Defence Force and also integrated uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK), and the Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) guerilla forces.
Northeaster (painting)
Northeaster is one of several paintings on marine subjects by the late-19th-century American painter Winslow Homer. Like The Fog Warning and Breezing Up, he created it during his time in Maine. It is on display in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Viewers are presented a struggle of elements between the sea and the rocky shore. Winslow Homer excelled in painting landscape paintings that depicted seascapes and mountain scenery.

Winslow Homer
Winslow Homer (February 24, 1836 – September 29, 1910) was an American landscape painter and illustrator, best known for his marine subjects. He is considered one of the foremost painters of 19th-century America and a preeminent figure in American art in general.

Largely self-taught, Homer began his career working as a commercial illustrator. He subsequently took up oil painting and produced major studio works characterized by the weight and density he exploited from the medium. He also worked extensively in watercolor, creating a fluid and prolific œuvre, primarily chronicling his working vacations.
Zahira College, Matale
Zahira College (National School) Matale, (Arabic: Zahira means "Excellence"; Tamil: சாஹிரா தேசிய கல்லூரி; Sinhala: සහිරා ජාතික පාසල), is one of the oldest schools in the Matale District. It is situated in the centre of the city.

Matale District
Matale District (Sinhala: මාතලේ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය, Tamil: மாத்தளை மாவட்டம்) is a district in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. It is one of 25 districts of Sri Lanka. The administrative capital and largest city of the district is Matale.

The district is considered to be the centremost region of the island and has a total area of 1,993 km2 (770 sq mi). It is in the northern part of the Central Province. Sharing borders with 6 other districts, the Matale district is bordered by Anuradhapura to the north, Polonnaruwa to the northeast, Badulla and Ampara to the east, Kurunegala to the west and Kandy to the south.
Shimoichiguchi Station
Shimoichiguchi Station (下市口駅, Shimoichiguchi-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of Ōyodo, Yoshino District,  Nara Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the private transportation company, Kintetsu Railway.

Kintetsu Railway
Kintetsu Railway Co., Ltd. (近畿日本鉄道株式会社, Kinki-nippon Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha), referred to as Kintetsu (近鉄) and officially Kinki-Nippon Railway, is a Japanese passenger railway company, managing infrastructure and operating passenger train service. Its railway system is the largest in Japan, excluding Japan Railways Group. The railway network connects Osaka, Nara, Kyoto, Nagoya, Tsu, Ise, and Yoshino. Kintetsu Railway Co., Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Kintetsu Group Holdings Co., Ltd.
Express (weaponry)
An express weapon is a hunting rifle chambered to  fire ammunition capable of higher than typical velocities.  Early express cartridges used a heavy charge of black powder to propel a lightweight, often hollow point bullet, at high velocities to maximize point blank range.  Later the express cartridges were loaded with nitrocellulose-based gunpowder, leading to the Nitro Express cartridges, the first of which was the .450 Nitro Express.

Although the term express entered use in the mid-19th century, it is still in use today, applied to rifles, ammunition, and a type of iron sight.  With the widespread adoption of small bore, high velocity rifle cartridges, the meaning of express has shifted in modern usage, and refers to high velocity, large bore rifles and ammunition, typically used for hunting large or dangerous game at close range.

Nitrocellulose
Nitrocellulose (also known as cellulose nitrate, flash paper, flash cotton, guncotton, pyroxylin and flash string, depending on form) is a highly flammable compound formed by nitrating cellulose through exposure to a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid.

One of its first major uses was as guncotton, a replacement for gunpowder as propellant in firearms. It was also used to replace gunpowder as a low-order explosive in mining and other applications. In the form of collodion, it was also a critical component in an early photographic emulsion, the use of which revolutionized photography in the 1860s.  In the 20th century, it was adapted to automobile lacquer and adhesives.
Henri Koch (bobsledder)
Henri Koch (14 October 1904 - 11 May 1954)
was a Luxembourgish bobsledder who competed in the 1930s.  He competed in the two-man event at the 1936 Winter Olympics, but crashed out during the fourth run and did not finish.

1936 Winter Olympics
The 1936 Winter Olympics, officially known as the IV Olympic Winter Games (German: IV. Olympische Winterspiele) and commonly known as Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936, were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 16 February 1936 in the market town of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. Later that year, the country also hosted the 1936 Summer Olympics, which were held in Berlin. It was the last year in which the Summer and Winter Games both took place in the same country (the cancelled 1940 Olympics would have been held in Japan, with Tokyo hosting the Summer Games and Sapporo hosting the Winter Games).

The 1936 Winter Games were organized on behalf of the German League of the Reich for Physical Exercise (DRL) by Karl Ritter von Halt, who had been named president of the committee for the organization of the Fourth Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen by Reichssportführer Hans von Tschammer und Osten.
Gianfranco Bianchin
Gianfranco Bianchin (6 February 1947 – 1 August 1970) was an Italian professional road cyclist. Bianchin died at the age of 23, drowning in the Adriatic Sea in only his second season as a professional. He won the 1970 Giro di Toscana and placed second in the Giro di Campania the same year and the Coppa Sabatini the previous year. He also competed in the 1969 and 1970 Giro d'Italia.

The Trofeo Gianfranco Bianchin race is named after him, which has been organized since 1970 in Ponzano Veneto.

1970 Giro d'Italia
The 1970 Giro d'Italia was the 53rd edition of the Giro, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The 3,292-kilometre (2,046 mi) race consisted of 20 stages, starting in San Pellegrino Terme on 18 May and finishing Bolzano on 7 June. There was one time trial stage and a single rest day. Eddy Merckx of the Faemino team won the overall general classification, his second victory. Italians Felice Gimondi (Salvarani) placed second, 3 min and 14 s slower than Merckx, and Martin Van Den Bossche (Molteni) was third, nearly five minutes behind Merckx.
Green ban
A green ban is a form of strike action, usually taken by a trade union or other organised labour group, which is conducted for environmentalist or conservationist purposes. They mainly took place in Australia during the 1970s, led by the Builders Labourers Federation (BLF) and used to protect parkland, low-income housing and buildings with historical significance.  At times, industrial action was used in relation to other issues, such as when a 'pink ban' was placed on Macquarie University due to the expulsion of Jeremy Fisher, a gay man, from student housing.

Labour economics
Labour economics is the subfield of economics concerned with the study of labour as an input to economic production. Broadly, it surveys labor markets and the economic decisions of agents participating in such markets. Topics of study include the labour supply of workers and how it is affected by variables such as age, education, gender and childbearing, as well as the labour demand by firms searching for different forms of labour as an input in the production of goods and services. In addition, labour economics studies, amongst others, phenomena such as schooling, human capital, inequality, unemployment, trade unions, discrimination, technological change, and public policies related to labour markets, such as unemployment benefits, pensions and health care.
Agurda
Agurda (Russian: Агурда; Bashkir: Ағурҙа, Ağurźa) is a rural locality (a village) in Baishevsky Selsoviet, Zianchurinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 89 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Zianchurinsky District
Zianchurinsky District (Russian: Зианчу́ринский райо́н; Bashkir: Ейәнсура районы, Yeyänsura rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic and borders with Kugarchinsky District in the north, Zilairsky District in the northeast and east, Khaybullinsky District in the east, and with Orenburg Oblast in the south and west. The area of the district is 3,342.35 square kilometers (1,290.49 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Isyangulovo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,626, with the population of Isyangulovo accounting for 26.9% of that number.
Jucker Farm
Jucker Farm is a Swiss agrotourism company and agriculture producer and distributor, that operates three farm estates including restaurants and three farm shops. Based in Seegräben in the canton of Zurich, Jucker Farm is known for the agricultural events, among them the biggest pumpkin festival in Switzerland, and Jucker Farm is also the most important pumpkin producer respectively distributor in Switzerland.

Canton of Zurich
The canton of Zurich is an administrative unit (canton) of Switzerland, situated in the northeastern part of the country. With a population of 1,553,423 (as of 31 December 2020), it is the most populous canton of Switzerland. Zurich is the de facto capital of the canton, but is not specifically mentioned in the constitution. The official language is German. The local Swiss German dialect, called Züritüütsch, is commonly spoken.

The canton has the highest Human Development Index score (0.993) out of 1,790 subnational regions as of 2022. It is also a global financial center and has the fourth-highest GRP in Switzerland behind Basel-Stadt, Zug and Geneva by GDP per capita.
An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States
An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States is a non-fiction book written by the historian Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz and published by Beacon Press. It is the third of a series of  six ReVisioning books which reconstruct and reinterpret U.S. history from marginalized peoples' perspectives. On July 23, 2019, the same press published An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States for Young People, an adaptation by Jean Mendoza and Debbie Reese of Dunbar-Ortiz's original volume.

Imperialism
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more formal empire.

While related to the concept of colonialism, imperialism is a distinct concept that can apply to other forms of expansion and many forms of government.
Code of Virginia
The Code of Virginia is the statutory law of the U.S. state of Virginia and consists of the codified legislation of the Virginia General Assembly. The 1950 Code of Virginia is the revision currently in force. The previous official versions were the Codes of 1819, 1849, 1887, and 1919, though other compilations had been printed privately as early as 1733, and other editions have been issued that were not designated full revisions of the code.

United States Code
The United States Code, formally The Code of Laws of the United States of America, is the official codification of the general and permanent federal statutes of the United States. It contains 53 titles organized into numbered sections.

The U.S. Code is published by the U.S. House of Representatives' Office of the Law Revision Counsel. New editions are published every six years, with cumulative supplements issued each year. The official version of these laws appears in the United States Statutes at Large, a chronological, uncodified compilation.
The Lemon Sisters
The Lemon Sisters is a 1990 American comedy-drama film from Miramax Films directed by Joyce Chopra and written by Jeremy Pikser. The film stars Diane Keaton, Carol Kane and Kathryn Grody. The film was both a commercial and critical failure after being shelved for more than a year with extensive revisions.

Carol Kane
Carolyn Kane (born June 18, 1952) is an American actress and comedian. She gained recognition for her role in Hester Street (1975), for which she received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress. She became known in the 1970s and 1980s in films such as Dog Day Afternoon (1975), Annie Hall (1977), When a Stranger Calls (1979), The Princess Bride (1987), Scrooged (1988) and Flashback (1990).

Kane appeared on the television series Taxi in the early 1980s, as Simka Gravas, the wife of Latka, the character played by Andy Kaufman, winning two Emmy Awards for her work. She has played the character of Madame Morrible in the musical Wicked, both in touring productions and on Broadway from 2005 to 2014. From 2015 to 2020, she was a main cast member on the Netflix series Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, in which she played Lillian Kaushtupper. She currently plays the recurring role of Pelia in Star Trek: Strange New Worlds (2023–present).
Klark Kent (album)
Klark Kent is the debut solo album of Stewart Copeland, and the first solo album recorded by any band member of The Police. The album was released in 1980 as a 10-inch EP on green vinyl. It was later re-released on black vinyl as a 12 inch with a grey and black sleeve. It includes the song "Don't Care", which had entered the UK Top 50 two years earlier.

I.R.S. Records
I.R.S. Records is a record label founded by Miles Copeland III and Jay Boberg in 1979. I.R.S. produced some of the most popular bands of the 1980s, and was particularly known for issuing records by college rock, new wave and alternative rock artists, including R.E.M., the Go-Go's, Wall of Voodoo, and Fine Young Cannibals. Currently the label is distributed by parent company Universal Music Group.
Acharnae
Acharnae or Acharnai (/əˈkɑːr.niː/; Ancient Greek: Ἀχαρναί) was a deme of ancient Athens. It was part of the phyle Oineis.

Acharnae, according to Thucydides, was the largest deme in Attica.  In the fourth century BCE, 22 of the 500 members of the Athenian council came from Acharnae, more than from any other deme.

Boule (ancient Greece)
In cities of ancient Greece, the boule (Ancient Greek: βουλή; pl.: boulai, βουλαί) was a council (βουλευταί, bouleutai) appointed to run daily affairs of the city. Originally a council of nobles advising a king, boulai evolved according to the constitution of the city: In oligarchies boule positions might have been hereditary, while in democracies members were typically chosen by lot and served for one year. Little is known about the workings of many boulai, except in the case of Athens, for which extensive material has survived.
Danny Ferry (footballer)
Daniel Ferry (born 31 January 1977) is a Scottish footballer who played 'senior' for Queen's Park, Dumbarton and Albion Rovers worked as assistant manager at Kirkintilloch Rob Roy since December 2022, subsequently becoming manager in October 2023.

Kirkintilloch Rob Roy F.C.
Kirkintilloch Rob Roy Football Club are a Scottish football club based in the town of Kirkintilloch, East Dunbartonshire. Nicknamed The Rabs or The Roy, they were formed in 1878. They wear red and black hoops and currently compete in the West of Scotland League First Division.
Jazz Standard (jazz club)
Jazz Standard was a jazz club located at 116 East 27th Street in the Rose Hill neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It frequently hosted well-known bands and musicians. The club was owned by restaurateur Danny Meyer and was located in the basement of one of his Blue Smoke restaurants.

The magazine New York listed the club as a "top 5 jazz joint". The New York City Jazz Record named Jazz Standard the "venue of the year" 2017.

Fred Hersch
Fred Hersch (born October 21, 1955) is an American jazz pianist, composer, and a 17-time Grammy nominée. He was the first person to play weeklong engagements as a solo pianist at the Village Vanguard in New York City. He has written and recorded more than 75 original compositions.
Reticius
Saint Reticius (or Rheticus, Rheticius) (French: Saint Rhétice) (early 4th century) was a bishop of Autun, the first one known to history, according to the Catholic Encyclopedia.  He was a Gallo-Roman, and an ecclesiastical writer, and served as bishop of this see from around 310 to 334 AD.

He traveled on behalf of Emperor Constantine the Great in 313 to the Synod of Rome and in 314 to the Synod of Arles, in order to bring about a resolution to the dispute with the Donatists.

Gregory of Tours praised Reticius in his writings. Saint Jerome mentions Reticius in his De Viris Illustribus:

Reticius, bishop of Autun, among the Aedui, had a great reputation in Gaul in the reign of

Constantine. I have read his commentaries On the Song of Songs and another great volume

Against Novatian but besides these, I have found no works of his.

Reticius was succeeded by Cassian of Autun, also venerated as a saint.

Novatian
Novatian (Greek: Νοβατιανός, Latin: Novatianus, c. 200 – c. 258) was a scholar, priest, and theologian. He is considered by the Catholic Church to have been an antipope between 251 and 258. Some Greek authors give his name as Novatus, who was an African presbyter.

He was a noted theologian and writer, the first Roman theologian who used the Latin language, at a time when there was much debate about how to deal with Christians who had lapsed and wished to return, and the issue of penance. Consecrated as pope by three bishops in 251, he adopted a more rigorous position than the established Pope Cornelius. Novatian was shortly afterwards excommunicated: the schismatic church which he established persisted for several centuries (see Novatianism).
Rabbit (zodiac)
The Rabbit or Hare is the fourth in the twelve-year periodic sequence (cycle) of animals that appear in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar. The Year of the Rabbit or Year of the Hare is associated with the Earthly Branch symbol 卯. the element Wood in Wuxing theory and within Traditional Chinese medicine the Liver Yin and the emotions and virtues of kindness and hope. Both rabbits and hares are called 兔 in Chinese. However, rabbits were not introduced to China until the 16th century, and hares were the only leporids in China when the Chinese zodiac was invented.

In the Vietnamese zodiac and the Gurung zodiac, the cat takes the place of the rabbit/hare. In the Malay zodiac, the mousedeer takes the place of the rabbit/hare.

Zangfu
The zangfu (simplified Chinese: 脏腑; traditional Chinese: 臟腑; pinyin: zàngfǔ) are functional relationships stipulated by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This concept did not primarily develop out of anatomical biological considerations, but from cosmological patterns and influences.

Each zang is paired with a fu, and each pair is assigned to one of the Wuxing (Five Elements). The zangfu are also connected to the twelve standard meridians – each zang organ is attached to a yin meridian, and each fu organ, to a yang meridian. They are five systems of Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, Kidney.

To highlight the fact that the zangfu are not equivalent to the anatomical organs, their names are often capitalized.
Exploratory programming
Exploratory programming, as opposed to implementation (programming), is an important part of the software engineering cycle: when a domain is not very well understood or open-ended, or it's not clear what algorithms and data structures might be needed for an implementation, it's useful to be able to interactively develop and debug a program without having to go through the usual constraints of the edit-compile-run-debug cycle. Languages such as APL, Cecil, Clojure, C#, Dylan, Factor, Forth, F#, J, Java, Julia, Lisp, Mathematica, Obliq, Oz, Prolog, Python, REBOL, Perl, R, Ruby, Scala, Self, Smalltalk, Tcl, and JavaScript, often in conjunction with an IDE, provide support for exploratory programming via interactivity, dynamicity, and extensibility.

Ruby (programming language)
Ruby is a general-purpose programming language. Its design puts an emphasis on programming productivity and simplicity. In Ruby, everything is an object, including primitive data types. Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto started to develop the language in the mid-1990s in Japan.

Ruby is interpreted, high-level, and dynamically typed; its interpreter uses garbage collection and just-in-time compilation. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming. According to the creator, Ruby was influenced by Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, BASIC, and Lisp.