hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Garret FitzGerald (18th-century MP)
Garret FitzGerald (died 1775) was a member of the Irish House of Commons, representing Kildare Borough from 1761 to 1768 and Harristown from 1768 to 1775.

He was born before 21 December 1740, given that he was over 21 when returned in 1761. He died in Paris, probably in August, in 1775.

Irish House of Commons
The Irish House of Commons (Irish: Teach na gComóntach, Teach na dTeachtaí) was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until the end of 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords. The membership of the House of Commons was directly elected, but on a highly restrictive franchise, similar to the unreformed House of Commons in contemporary Great Britain. Catholics were disqualified from sitting in the Irish parliament from 1691, even though they comprised the vast majority of the Irish population.

The Irish executive, known as the Dublin Castle administration, under the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, was not answerable to the House of Commons but to the British government. However, the Chief Secretary for Ireland was usually a member of the Irish parliament. In the Commons, business was presided over by the Speaker.

From 1 January 1801, it ceased to exist and was succeeded by the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
Neuroacanthocytosis
Neuroacanthocytosis is a label applied to several genetic neurological conditions in which the blood contains misshapen, spiculated red blood cells called acanthocytes.

The 'core' neuroacanthocytosis syndromes, in which acanthocytes are a typical feature, are chorea acanthocytosis and McLeod syndrome. Acanthocytes are seen less frequently in other conditions including Huntington's disease-like syndrome 2 (HDL2) and pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN).

The neuroacanthocytosis syndromes are caused by a range of genetic mutations and produce a variety of clinical features but primarily produce neurodegeneration of the brain, specifically the basal ganglia.

The diseases are hereditary but rare.

Abetalipoproteinemia
Abetalipoproteinemia (also known as: Bassen–Kornzweig syndrome, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein deficiency disease, MTP deficiency, and betalipoprotein deficiency syndrome) is a disorder characterized by abnormal absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins from food. It is caused by a mutation in microsomal triglyceride transfer protein resulting in deficiencies in the apolipoproteins B-48 and B-100, which are used in the synthesis and exportation of chylomicrons and VLDL respectively. It is not to be confused with familial dysbetalipoproteinemia.

It is a rare autosomal recessive disorder.
Allan Shields
John Allan Shields (May 10, 1907 - September 24, 1975) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played eleven seasons in the National Hockey League for the Ottawa Senators, Philadelphia Quakers, New York Americans, Montreal Maroons and Boston Bruins between 1927 and 1938.

New York Americans
The New York Americans, colloquially known as the Amerks, were a professional ice hockey team based in New York City from 1925 to 1942. They were the third expansion team in the history of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the second to play in the United States. The team never won the Stanley Cup, but reached the semifinals twice. While it was the first team in New York City, it was eclipsed by the second, the New York Rangers, which arrived in 1926 under the ownership of the Amerks' landlord, Madison Square Garden. The team played as the Brooklyn Americans during the 1941–42 season before suspending operations in 1942 due to World War II and long-standing financial difficulties. The demise of the club marked the beginning of the NHL's Original Six era from 1942 to 1967, though the Amerks' franchise was not formally canceled until 1946. The team's overall regular season record was 255–402–127.
Xalam 2
Xalam 2, also known as Xalam and Xalam II, a Senegalese musical group, founded in 1969 by a group of friends. The band was originally called African Khalam Orchestra.

The band takes its name from the xalam, a lute-like instrument. Xalam performed a mix of contemporary jazz tunes as well as African mbalax originals, usually sung in Wolof, the dominant local language; although the leading artists are all Serer and Toucouleur. The band included sax, drums, African percussion, bass and electric guitar.

Mbalax
Mbalax (or mbalakh) is the urban dance music of Senegal, Mauritania and the Gambia. The musical style is rooted in  instrumental and vocal styles accompanied by polyrhythmic sabar drumming of the Wolof, a social identity that includes both the original Wolof people of the Greater Senegambia region and the urban panethnic identity that arose during colonialism.

In the 1970s, mbalax arose as Senegalese fused indigenous music styles with urban dance music from the African diaspora, the West, and the continent.  These foreign sounds included U.S. soul, jazz, and salsa. Afro Cuban musics from the diaspora, Congolese rumba, and rock were also fused with the rhythms of sabar that were now played on the electric bass, guitar and keyboards.
African spotted creeper
The African spotted creeper (Salpornis salvadori) is a small passerine bird in the family Salpornithidae. It is found in subsaharan Africa in open deciduous forest and mango groves. It does not migrate other than local movements.

The African spotted creeper has strongly spotted and barred plumage, closely similar to the Indian spotted creeper, but clearly different from the treecreepers in the genus Certhia. It weighs up to 16 grams (0.56 oz), twice as much as treecreepers of similar length [up to 15 cm (5.9 in)].

The African spotted creeper has a long, thin, pointed down-curved bill, which it uses to extricate insects from bark, but it lacks the stiff tail feathers which the Certhia treecreepers use to support themselves on vertical trees.

Treecreeper
The treecreepers are a family, Certhiidae, of small passerine birds, widespread in wooded regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The family contains nine species in one genus, Certhia. Their plumage is dull-coloured. As their name implies, they climb over the vertical surfaces of trees in search of food.
Gramos, Greece
Gramos (Greek: Γράμος, Aromanian: Gramosta) is a remote mountain village and a former municipality in Kastoria regional unit, Macedonia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the Nestorio municipality as a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 59.422 km2. Population 10 (2021). The village is a traditional Aromanian (Vlach) settlement, named after the nearby Gramos mountains to its south. It lies very close to the Albanian border. The source of the river Aliakmonas is near Gramos. It had the smallest population of any municipality in Greece at 28 inhabitants in the 2001 Greek census. It was also the least densely populated community or municipality in Greece, at 0.47 inhabitants/km2. A small road connects Gramos with Nestorio, 20 km to its east. Gramos is the nearest village to Lake Gkistova.

Gramos
Gramos (Greek: Γράμος or Γράμμος; Albanian: Gramoz, Mali i Gramozit; Aromanian: Gramosta, Gramusta, Yramos or Yramustea) is a mountain chain situated on the border of Albania and Greece. Part of the larger northern Pindus mountain range, its highest peak, Maja e Çukapeçit, rises at an elevation of 2,523 m (8,278 ft).
Alfred Fischer (judge)
Alfred Fischer (14 December 1919 – 17 June 2004) was a German judge.  He served on the Federal Administrative Court from 1966 until 1987.

Most recently he was chairman of the 2nd Senate (officials and staff representation rights). He was a commentator for staff representation rights. In the early 1990s he worked as a trust officer in the Treuhandanstalt.

Federal Administrative Court (Germany)
The Federal Administrative Court (German: Bundesverwaltungsgericht, pronounced [bʊndəsfɛɐˈvaltʊŋsɡəˌʁɪçt] ⓘ, BVerwG) is one of the five federal supreme courts of Germany. It is the court of the last resort for generally all cases of administrative law, mainly disputes between citizens and the state. It hears appeals from the  Oberverwaltungsgerichte, or Superior Administrative Courts, which, in turn, are the courts of appeals for decisions of the Verwaltungsgerichte (administrative courts).

However, cases concerning social security law belong to the jurisdiction of the Sozialgerichte (Social Courts) with the  Bundessozialgericht as federal court of appeals, and cases of tax and customs law are decided by the Finanzgerichte (Fiscal Courts), and, ultimately, by the Bundesfinanzhof.

The Bundesverwaltungsgericht has its seat at the former Reichsgericht (Imperial Court of Justice) building in Leipzig's district Mitte.
Pegas 2000
Pegas 2000 SRO is a Czech aircraft manufacturer based in Prague. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of paragliders in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft. The company also builds powered paragliding wings and parafoil kites.

The company is a společnost s ručením omezeným (SRO), a Czech limited company.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".
Washington to Atlanta Main Line
The Washington to Atlanta Main Line is a railroad line owned and operated by the Norfolk Southern Railway that runs through the southeastern United States.

It runs from a junction with CSX Transportation's RF&P Subdivision in Alexandria, Virginia southwesterly via Charlottesville, Virginia, Lynchburg, Virginia, Danville, Virginia, Greensboro, North Carolina, Charlotte, North Carolina, Spartanburg, South Carolina, and Greenville, South Carolina to Atlanta, Georgia.  The portion from Greensboro to Charlotte is actually owned by the North Carolina Railroad, but NS has an exclusive trackage rights agreement to use the line.

The line was once the main line of the Southern Railway.

The line is also used by Amtrak's Crescent (New York-New Orleans), as well as the Carolinian (New York-Charlotte) and Piedmont (Raleigh-Charlotte).

Lynchburg, Virginia
Lynchburg is an independent city in Virginia, United States. Located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the James River, it had a population of 79,009 at the 2020 census, making it the 11th-most populous city in Virginia. It is nicknamed the "City of Seven Hills" or the "Hill City." Lynchburg was founded in 1757 by John Lynch, a Quaker ferry operator and abolitionist. During the American Civil War, Lynchburg's strategic importance helped it remain the only major city in Virginia not recaptured by Union forces before the war's end.

Lynchburg anchors the Lynchburg metropolitan area, which lies near the geographic center of Virginia and is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the state, with a population of 261,593. The city is a regional hub for education, home to several institutions of higher learning, including Liberty University, the University of Lynchburg, Randolph College, Virginia University of Lynchburg, and Central Virginia Community College.
Bridge Abutments
Bridge Abutments are four pair of historic earthen bridge abutments located in Congaree National Park near Hopkins, Richland County, South Carolina. They were built by settlers (possibly Isaac Huger) in the 1780s in the Congaree Swamp to provide a means of transporting produce and livestock to markets in cities, such as Charleston. They vary in size from 5-to-10-feet high and 10-to-15-feet wide.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Richland County, South Carolina
Richland County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 416,147, making it the second-most populous county in South Carolina, behind only Greenville County. The county seat and largest community is Columbia, the state capital. The county was established on March 12, 1785. Richland County is part of the Columbia, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2020, the center of population of South Carolina was located in Richland County, in the city of Columbia. The county is also the location of the geographic center of South Carolina, southeast of Columbia.
It is located in the Midlands region of South Carolina.
1960 VI South African Grand Prix
The 6th South African Grand Prix was a motor race, run to Formula Libre rules, held on 1 January 1960 in East London. The race was run over 60 laps of the circuit, and was won by Belgian driver Paul Frère, his second Grand Prix victory following the 1952 Grand Prix des Frontières. Stirling Moss finished second and also set the fastest lap of the race. Local driver Syd van der Vyver finished in third place.

The race was the first of two South African Grands Prix in 1960, with the 7th South African Grand Prix to be held on 27 December 1960.

Formula Libre
Formula Libre, also known as Formule Libre, is a form of automobile racing allowing a wide variety of types, ages and makes of purpose-built racing cars to compete "head to head". This can make for some interesting matchups, and provides the opportunity for some compelling driving performances against superior machinery. The name translates to "Free Formula" – in Formula Libre races the only regulations typically govern basics such as safety equipment.
Buinsk, Republic of Tatarstan
Buinsk (Russian: Буи́нск; Tatar: Буа; Chuvash: Пӑва, Păva) is a town in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located on the left bank of the Karla River (left tributary of the Sviyaga), 137 kilometers (85 mi) southwest of Kazan. Population:  20,352 (2010 Census); 19,736 (2002 Census); 16,800 (1989 Soviet census).

Sviyaga
The Sviyaga (Russian: Свияга; Tatar: Зөя; Chuvash: Сĕве) is a river in the Ulyanovsk Oblast and Tatarstan, a right tributary of the Volga. It is 375 kilometres (233 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 16,700 square kilometres (6,400 mi2). The Sviyaga flows into the Sviyaga Cove of the Kuybyshev Reservoir, west of Kazan. It freezes up in November or December and stays icebound until April or May. Major tributaries are the Arya, Birlya, Bula, Karla, Kubnya, Sulitsa and Tosha rivers.

The city of Ulyanovsk is along the Sviyaga. In Ulyanovsk, the Sviyaga flows only a few kilometres away from the Volga, but their eventual confluence happens much further downstream, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) north of Ulyanovsk.

The castle of Sviyazhsk, which dates to 1551, is on the island in Sviyaga Cove of the Kuybyshev Reservoir.
Nonie Lynch
Nonie Lynch (née Crawford; 5 February 1910 – 29 September 2011) was an Irish traditional singer from Milltown Malbay, County Clare.

Lynch took part in several editions of The Clare Festival of Traditional Singing, including the first edition to be held outside Ennistymon, which took place in Spanish Point in 2003. At the time of that festival she was already 93 years of age.

Most of her life she was living in the townland Mountscott, Mullagh. The last few years of her life were spent in a nursing home in Liscannor.

County Clare
County Clare (Irish: Contae an Chláir) is a county in the province of Munster in the  Southern part of Ireland, bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Clare County Council is the local authority. The county had a population of 127,938 at the 2022 census. The county seat and largest settlement is Ennis.
Gupta script
The Gupta script (sometimes referred to as Gupta Brahmi script or Late Brahmi script) was used for writing Sanskrit and is associated with the Gupta Empire of the Indian subcontinent, which was a period of material prosperity and great religious and scientific developments. The Gupta script was descended from Brāhmī and gave rise to the Śāradā and Siddhaṃ scripts. These scripts in turn gave rise to many of the most important Indic scripts, including Devanāgarī (the most common script used for writing Sanskrit since the 19th century), the Gurmukhī script for Punjabi, the Odia script, the Bengali-Assamese script and the Tibetan script.

Gurmukhi
Gurmukhī (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ [ˈɡʊɾᵊmʊkʰiː], Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). Commonly regarded as a Sikh script, Gurmukhi is used in Punjab, India as the official script of the Punjabi language.

The primary scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, is written in Gurmukhī, in various dialects and languages often subsumed under the generic title Sant Bhasha or "saint language", in addition to other languages like Persian and various phases of Indo-Aryan languages.

Modern Gurmukhī has thirty-five original letters, hence its common alternative term paintī or "the thirty-five", plus six additional consonants, nine vowel diacritics, two diacritics for nasal sounds, one diacritic that geminates consonants and three subscript characters.
Mercapturic acid
Mercapturic acids are condensation products formed from the coupling of cysteine with aromatic compounds. They are formed as conjugates in the liver and are excreted in the urine.

Mercapturic acids are formed as part of xenobiotic metabolism. A glutathione S-transferase first conjugates the foreign compound to glutathione, forming an adduct. The adduct is then converted to the mercapturic acid: the γ-glutamate and glycine residues in the glutathione molecule are removed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and dipeptidases. In the final step, the cystine residue in the conjugate is acetylated. The mercapturic acid is then excreted.

Levels of mercapturic acids in urine may be used as an indicator of exposure to, e.g., ethylene dibromide, acrylamide, and terbuthylazine.

Glutathione
Glutathione (GSH, /ˌɡluːtəˈθaɪoʊn/) is a small protein made of the amino acids glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. It is an antioxidant in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria and archaea. Glutathione is capable of preventing damage to important cellular components caused by sources such as reactive oxygen species, free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides, and heavy metals.

It is synthesized by attaching cysteine to the carboxyl group of the glutamate side chain with a gamma peptide linkage, and to glycine with a normal peptide linkage.
Casein paint
Casein paint, occasionally marketed as milk paint, derived from casein, is a fast-drying, water-soluble medium used by artists. It is a paint bound with casein. It can be made from milk and lime, generally with pigment added for color.

Pigment
A pigment is a chemical compound that gives a substance or organism color, or is used by humans to add or alter color or change visual appearance. Pigments are completely or nearly insoluble and chemically unreactive in water or another medium; in contrast, dyes are colored substances which are soluble or go into solution at some stage in their use. Dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic. Pigments of prehistoric and historic value include ochre, charcoal, and lapis lazuli. Biological pigments are compounds produced by living organisms that provide coloration.
Storm (Assemblage 23 album)
Storm is the fourth album by the American electronic act Assemblage 23.  It was released on September 28, 2004, on Metropolis Records and Accession Records. Storm is a much more layered album than any of Shear's previous work and the songs are much more optimistic in nature.

Metropolis Records
Metropolis Records is a record label that was founded in Philadelphia in 1993, by Dave Heckman. The label's all-electronic format closely tracked with European contemporaries including Off Beat, and since 1995 has been instrumental in promoting and distributing underground electronic music in the U.S.

On June 9, 1999, Metropolis bought the American industrial label, Pendragon Records. It assumed distribution responsibilities for Pendragon's back catalog, as well as that of 21st Circuitry, another industrial label which had gone out of business.
Mark Thomas (cricketer)
Mark Wynne Thomas (born 30 January 1977) is an English cricketer. Thomas is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Norwich, Norfolk.

Thomas made his debut for Norfolk in the 1996 Minor Counties Championship against Cumberland. Thomas played Minor counties cricket for Norfolk infrequently from 1996 to 2008, which included 35 Minor Counties Championship matches and 21 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 2001, he appeared in 3 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches for Cambridgeshire. He made his List A debut for Norfolk against Hampshire in the 1996 NatWest Trophy. He made 3 further List A appearances for the county, the last coming against the Surrey Cricket Board in the 1999 NatWest Trophy. In his 4 List A matches, he scored 35 runs at an average of 8.75, with a high score of 26. As a bowler, Thomas bowled 38.1 overs for the cost of 182 runs, and claiming just the one wicket.

His father, Peter and uncle, David, both played for Norfolk.

Cumbria County Cricket Club
Cumbria County Cricket Club (formerly Cumberland County Cricket Club) is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic counties of Cumberland and Westmorland.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Cricket Championship Eastern Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Cumbria played List A matches occasionally from 1984 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

With Westmorland losing a CCC, Cumberland renamed to Cumbria to cover both counties. The rename to Cumbria takes inspiration from a similar local government reform. The club play at Carlisle (Edenside Ground), Workington and Penrith from Cumberland as well as Westmorland's former grounds in Kendal (Netherfield Cricket Club Ground) and Barrow-in-Furness, the latter originally Lancashire.
Richard Beale (footballer)
Richard Beale (born 22 May 1979) is an English football manager and former player who is currently the Head Coach of Aston Villa Under-18s. He has worked for the youth teams of Birmingham City, Aston Villa and West Bromwich Albion, and was caretaker manager at Birmingham and West Brom.

Caretaker manager
In association football, a caretaker manager or interim manager is somebody who takes temporary charge of the management of a football team, usually when the regular manager is dismissed or leaves for a different club. However, a caretaker manager may also be appointed if the regular manager is suspended, ill, has a suspected contagious disease (e.g. COVID-19) or is unable to attend to their usual duties. Caretaker managers are normally appointed at short notice from within the club, usually the assistant manager, a senior coach, or an experienced player.
Eldor Urazbayev
Eldor Magomatovich Urazbayev (Russian: Эльдор Магоматович Уразбаев; 11 October 1940 – 21 February 2012) was a Soviet, Kazakhstani, and Russian film director, screenwriter and film producer. He was honored with the title, Honored Worker of Culture of the Russian Federation in 1998.

2002 in film
2002 in film is an overview of events, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, festivals, a list of country- and genre- specific lists of films released, notable deaths and film debuts. Paramount Pictures and Universal Pictures celebrated their 90th anniversaries in 2002.