hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fairlee, Maryland
Fairlee is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Kent County, Maryland, United States. Its population was 490 as of the 2010 census.

The Battle of Caulk's Field during the War of 1812 took place near Fairlee on August 31, 1814; it ended in victory for the local militia, and the British commander was killed during the fighting.

The Fairlee Manor Camp House and St. Paul's Church are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Battle of Caulk's Field
The Battle of Caulk's Field was fought during the War of 1812 in Kent County, Maryland, United States, between a small  force commanded by Captain Sir Peter Parker of the Royal Navy and American militia forces commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Philip Reed. Parker, who was operating in the Chesapeake Bay region as part of the British campaign against Baltimore, Maryland, landed on the eastern shore of the Chesapeake Bay to move against Reed's militia encampment. The British attacking force encountered American skirmishers, who conducting a fighting retreat, drawing the British towards the main American line. Parker was mortally wounded during the fight, and the British force withdrew after Parker fell. Later British setbacks at the Battle of North Point and the Battle of Fort McHenry led the British to abandon their campaign against Baltimore. In 2012, the battlefield was the site of an archaeological survey.
Mattheis
Mattheis is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Mattheis (born 1954), Brazilian retired automobile racing driver

Fiorella Mattheis (born 1988),  Brazilian actress, model, television presenter and entrepreneur

Hilde Mattheis (born 1954), German politician

Petra Mattheis (born 1967), German artist und photographer

Hilde Mattheis
Hildegard "Hilde" Mattheis (née Gudelius, born 6 October 1954) is a German teacher and politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) who served as a member of the Bundestag from 2002 until 2021.
1937 Memorial Cup
The 1937 Memorial Cup final was the 19th junior ice hockey championship of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association (CAHA). The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Copper Cliff Redmen of the Northern Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champions Winnipeg Monarchs of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League in Western Canada. This was the first Memorial Cup series to feature a best-of-five format. The games were held at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto, Ontario, Winnipeg won their second Memorial Cup, defeating Copper Cliff three games to one.

Northern Ontario Hockey Association
The Northern Ontario Hockey Association (NOHA) is an ice hockey governing body for minor, junior and senior ice hockey.  The NOHA is sanctioned by the Ontario Hockey Federation and Hockey Canada.  The major league run by the NOHA is the Northern Ontario Junior Hockey League of the Canadian Junior A Hockey League.
Road to Andalay
Road to Andalay is a 1964 Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies animated short directed by Friz Freleng and Hawley Pratt. The short was released on December 26, 1964, and is one of the last shorts to feature Speedy Gonzales and Sylvester.

In this film, Sylvester acquires a falcon and uses it against Speedy.

Hawley Pratt
Hawley Barnard Pratt (June 9, 1911 – March 4, 1999) was an American animator, character designer, and illustrator. He is best known for his work for Warner Bros. Cartoons and as the right-hand man of director Friz Freleng as a layout artist and later as a director. Pratt also worked for Walt Disney Studios, Filmation, and DePatie-Freleng Enterprises where he co-created The Pink Panther.
1916 Vermont gubernatorial election
The 1916 Vermont gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1916. Incumbent Republican Charles W. Gates, per the "Mountain Rule", did not run for re-election to a second term as Governor of Vermont. Republican candidate Horace F. Graham defeated Democratic candidate William B. Mayo to succeed him.

Governor of Vermont
The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. The officeholder is elected in even-numbered years by direct voting for a term of two years. Vermont and bordering New Hampshire are the only states to hold gubernatorial elections every two years, instead of every four as in the other 48 U.S. states.

There is no limit on the number of terms a Vermont governor can serve. If no candidate receives at least 50% plus one vote of all votes for governor cast in the election, the governor of Vermont is then elected by the state legislature. The incumbent Vermont governor is Republican Phil Scott. He was sworn in on January 5, 2017, becoming Vermont's 82nd governor.

Despite having a Republican governor, Vermont has the most Democratic Cook Partisan Voting Index of any of the 50 U.S. states, at D+17.
St Mary's Church, Chadwell St Mary
The Church of St Mary is a Church of England parish church in Chadwell St Mary, Thurrock, Essex. The church is a Grade I listed building. Together with Emmanuel Church, it forms the Parish of Chadwell St Mary in the Diocese of Chelmsford.

Chadwell St Mary
Chadwell St Mary is an area of the unitary authority of Thurrock in Essex, England. It lies 2 miles (3 km) east of the centre of Grays, its post town, and 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Tilbury. At the 2021 census the Chadwell St Mary built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics had a population of 10,685.

Chadwell St Mary, historically sometimes just called Chadwell, was an ancient parish. The parish included both Chadwell St Mary itself and the area to the south where the port town of Tilbury developed from the 19th century. In 1912, the parish became the Tilbury Urban District. That urban district and the civil parish of Chadwell St Mary were abolished in 1936 on the creation of the larger Thurrock Urban District, which in turn became the modern borough of Thurrock in 1974. Chadwell St Mary remains the name of one of Thurrock's Church of England parishes.
Regents of University of California v. Superior Court of Los Angeles County (Rosen)
Regents of the University of California v. Superior Court of Los Angeles County, 4 Cal. 5th 607, 413 P.3d 656 (2018), was a case in which the Supreme Court of California held that universities owe a duty to protect students from foreseeable violence during curricular activities. In an opinion by Justice Carol Corrigan, the Court reinstated the 2010 case in which Katherine Rosen, a former UCLA student, sued the university for negligence when another student stabbed her in a chemistry lab. Following this ruling, Rosen can continue to pursue the case in court.

Supreme Court of California
The Supreme Court of California is the highest and final court of appeals in the courts of the U.S. state of California. It is headquartered in San Francisco at the Earl Warren Building, but it regularly holds sessions in Los Angeles and Sacramento. Its decisions are binding on all other California state courts.  Since 1850, the court has issued many influential decisions in a variety of areas including torts, property, civil and constitutional rights, and criminal law.
Outgassing
Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen, or absorbed in some material. Outgassing can include sublimation and evaporation (which are phase transitions of a substance into a gas), as well as desorption, seepage from cracks or internal volumes, and gaseous products of slow chemical reactions. Boiling is generally thought of as a separate phenomenon from outgassing because it consists of a phase transition of a liquid into a vapor of the same substance.

Seepage
In soil mechanics, seepage is the movement of water through soil. If fluid pressures in a soil deposit are uniformly increasing with depth according to , where  is the depth below the water table, then hydrostatic conditions will prevail and the fluids will not be flowing through the soil. However, if the water table is sloping or there is a perched water table as indicated in the accompanying sketch, then seepage will occur. For steady state seepage, the seepage velocities are not varying with time. If the water tables are changing levels with time, or if the soil is in the process of consolidation, then steady state conditions do not apply.
Flowers of sulfur
Flowers of sulfur (British spelling flowers of sulphur) is a very fine, bright yellow sulfur powder that is produced by sublimation and deposition. It can contain up to 30% of the amorphous allotrope of sulfur, which is the noncrystalline structure of sulfur. It is known as flores sulphuris by apothecaries and in older scientific works. Natural sulfur was also known as brimstone, hence the alternative name flowers of brimstone.

Flowers of sulfur has unique properties. Production occurs mainly through sublimation of natural sulfur. According to The Sulphur Institute, flowers of sulphur is widely used due to its powdered structure in rubber vulcanization, agricultural dusts, pharmaceutical products, stock feeds. It can also be used in Flowers of Sulfur (FoS) Tests.

Powder
A powder is a dry solid composed of many very fine particles that may flow freely when shaken or tilted. Powders are a special sub-class of granular materials, although the terms powder and granular are sometimes used to distinguish separate classes of material. In particular, powders refer to those granular materials that have the finer grain sizes, and that therefore have a greater tendency to form clumps when flowing. Granulars refer to the coarser granular materials that do not tend to form clumps except when wet.
Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay
The men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay took place on 15 August at the Olympic Aquatic Centre of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Athens, Greece.

The South African team (Roland Schoeman, Lyndon Ferns, Darian Townsend, and Ryk Neethling) set a new world record of 3:13.17 to solidify their country's triumph with a gold medal in the event. Defending Olympic champion Pieter van den Hoogenband swam a fastest split of 46.79 to take the silver for the Dutch in a national record of 3:14.36, leaving the U.S. team of Ian Crocker, Michael Phelps, Neil Walker, and Jason Lezak with the bronze in 3:14.62, their worst result in Olympic history.

Athens Olympic Sports Complex
The Olympic Athletic Center of Athens Spiros Louis (Greek: Ολυμπιακό Αθλητικό Κέντρο Αθηνών "Σπύρος Λούης", Olympiakó Athlitikó Kéntro Athinón "Spýros Loúis") or OACA (OAKA)), is a sports complex located in Marousi, Athens. The complex consists of five major venues as well as other supplementary sport facilities.
38°02′19″N 23°47′09″E﻿ / ﻿38.038611111111°N 23.785833333333°E﻿ / 38.038611111111; 23.785833333333

The complex has hosted the Mediterranean Games in 1991, the World Championship in Athletics in 1997 as well as other important athletic and cultural events. Most notably, the complex was the main venue for the 2004 Summer Olympics. The complex was revamped for the games under a design produced by the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava.
Dan Dowling
Dan Dowling (November 16, 1906– July 27, 1993) was an American cartoonist. His work was published in the New York Herald Tribune, the Omaha World Herald, and the Kansas City Star. Some of his work can be seen at the Brooklyn Museum.

The Kansas City Star
The Kansas City Star is a newspaper based in Kansas City, Missouri. Published since 1880, the paper is the recipient of eight Pulitzer Prizes.

The Star is most notable for its influence on the career of President Harry S. Truman and as the newspaper where a young Ernest Hemingway honed his writing style. The paper is the major newspaper of the Kansas City metropolitan area and has widespread circulation in western Missouri and eastern Kansas.
Man from God's Country
Man from God's Country is a 1958 American CinemaScope Western film. It was written by George Waggner (credited as "george waGGner"), directed by Paul Landres and starred George Montgomery and Randy Stuart.

Paul Landres
Paul Landres (August 12, 1912 – December 26, 2001) was an American film and television editor and director. He directed episodes of The Lone Ranger, Maverick and Flipper, among many other TV series.

He directed the vampire film The Return of Dracula (1958) based on Pat Fiedler's script and starring Francis Lederer, Ray Stricklyn, Virginia Vincent, John Wengraf, Gage Clarke, Jimmy Baird and Greta Granstedt. He met actor Arthur Franz and actress Kathleen Crowley, and both appeared in The Flame Barrier (1958).

He directed western films such as Son of a Gunfighter (1965) with Russ Tamblyn in the title role, and Oregon Passage (1957) starring John Ericson, Lola Albright, Toni Gerry, Edward Platt, and H.M. Wynant; and western television series such as Brave Eagle, The Lone Ranger, The Cisco Kid, The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp, Bonanza, and Maverick.
Flag of Utah
The flag of the U.S. state of Utah was adopted on March 9, 2024, and is one of the official flags of the state. It is a horizontal tricolor of irregular blue, white, and red bands, with the white band featuring a gold-outlined blue hexagon containing a gold beehive above a five-pointed white star.

The former design (1913–2024) was re-designated as the "Historic State Flag" and retains co-official status in the state. It continues to fly year-round at the Utah Capitol, as well as on special occasions statewide. It can be flown at any time by private citizens.

Utah Territory
The Territory of Utah was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from September 9, 1850, until January 4, 1896, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Utah, the 45th state.  At its creation, the Territory of Utah included all of the present-day State of Utah, most of the current state of Nevada save for a portion of Southern Nevada (including the metro area of the city of Las Vegas), much of modern western Colorado, and the extreme southwest corner of present-day Wyoming.
History of cricket in the West Indies from 1945–46 to 1970
This article describes the history of West Indies cricket from 1946 to 1970.

First-class cricket in the West Indies had begun in February 1865 and the federation began playing Test cricket in 1928, but it was not until the 1965–66 West Indian cricket season that a formal domestic competition was founded, this being the Shell Shield which has subsequently evolved into the Carib Beer Cup.

Bourda
Bourda, or officially Georgetown Cricket Club Ground, is a cricket ground in Georgetown, Guyana, used by the Guyanese cricket team for matches with other nations in the Caribbean as well as some Test matches involving the West Indies. The ground is one of the two cricket stadiums in the South American mainland and is uniquely surrounded by a moat for flood-prevention and drainage purposes.
Grave Robber (song)
"Grave Robber" is a song by American contemporary Christian musician Crowder. The song was released as a single on November 10, 2023, through Sixstepsrecords/Capitol CMG. It was the lead single of Crowder's 2024 studio album The Exile.

Capitol Christian Music Group
Capitol Christian Music Group (Capitol CMG) (formerly known as EMI Christian Music Group) is an American record label that, since 2013, is under the ownership of Universal Music Group. Based in Nashville, Tennessee, the label is in the Christian and gospel music industries.
Flip-Chip module
A Flip-Chip module is a component of digital logic systems made by the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) for its PDP-7, PDP-8, PDP-9, and PDP-10 computers, and related peripherals, beginning on August 24, 1964.

Peripheral
A peripheral  device, or simply peripheral, is an auxiliary hardware device that a computer uses to transfer information externally. A peripheral is a hardware component that is accessible to and controlled by a computer but is not a core component of the computer. It can communicate with a computer through wired or wireless connections. Many modern electronic devices, such as Internet-enabled digital watches, video game consoles, smartphones, and tablet computers, have interfaces for use as a peripheral.

Mouses and keyboards became the standard for computer peripheral input devices in the 1970s, while memory storage devices continued to be developed in new ways. Output devices, such as monitors, began as cathode rays, before switching to LCD monitors in the 1980s.
Wentworth season 5
The fifth season of the television drama series Wentworth premiered on Showcase in Australia on 4 April 2017, having previously aired on SoHo, and concluded on 20 June 2017. It was executive produced by FremantleMedia's Director of Drama, Jo Porter. The season comprised 12 episodes. The fifth season picks up just days after the death of Bea Smith and is therefore noted as the first season not to feature Danielle Cormack.

Bea Smith (Wentworth)
Bea Smith is a fictional character from the Australian television drama Wentworth, portrayed by Danielle Cormack. She was introduced in the first episode of the series "No Place Like Home", broadcast in May 2013. Bea is notable for her storylines of being abused by her husband Harry, avenging the death of her daughter by murdering Brayden Holt and being the top dog in Wentworth Prison. Bea has had rivalries with Franky Doyle, Jacs Holt, Kaz Proctor and Joan Ferguson. Bea was the central character in Wentworth until her exit at the end of Season 4.
IC Bus
IC Bus (originally IC Corporation) is an American bus manufacturer.  Headquartered in Lisle, Illinois, IC is a wholly owned subsidiary of International Motors. Established in 2002 by Navistar through the reorganization of subsidiary manufacturer AmTran, IC currently produces school buses and commercial-use buses for multiple applications.

The IC name stands for "Integrated Coach", referring to how the vehicles are nearly completely assembled under a single corporate structure. For all vehicles, the body and chassis are assembled within the same manufacturing facility; the latter is designed by parent company Navistar (prior to 2015, Navistar also supplied the engine). While using a chassis and hood shared with International-brand trucks, IC Bus vehicles have separate badging.

IC vehicles are produced at the Navistar Tulsa Bus Plant in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Prior to 2010, they were also assembled at the former AmTran/Ward facility in Conway, Arkansas.

Lisle, Illinois
Lisle (/ˈlaɪəl/ LY-əl) is a village in DuPage County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, Lisle had a population of 24,223. It is a south-western suburb of Chicago in the Illinois Technology and Research Corridor. It is also the headquarters of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Region III.
Logan station
Logan station is a SEPTA Metro subway stop on the B1 in the Logan neighborhood of North Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is located at 5100 North Broad Street at Lindley Avenue.  This is a local station, and thus has four tracks, with only the outer two being served. There are separate fare control areas for the northbound and southbound platforms, and no crossover exists.

Logan station is located on Broad Street beneath a bridge for what is today the SEPTA Main Line that carries the Fox Chase, Lansdale/Doylestown, Warminster, and West Trenton Line. No connection to any of these railroad lines exists at this station.

SEPTA Metro signage was installed on the southbound platform on January 6, 2025. Making this tied for 3rd station to be changed to have SEPTA Metro signage along with Hunting Park, and Wyoming in front of Erie, but behind Drexel Station at 30th Street

Lansdale/Doylestown Line
The Lansdale/Doylestown Line is a SEPTA Regional Rail line connecting Center City Philadelphia to Doylestown in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. With 9,257 daily riders every weekday in FY 2024, it is the second busiest line in SEPTA's Regional Rail network.

Until 1981, diesel-powered trains continued on the Bethlehem Branch from Lansdale to Quakertown, Bethlehem, and Allentown. Restored service on that portion has been proposed, but is not planned by SEPTA. The line is currently used by the East Penn Railroad for freight.
Pietra (surname)
Pietra  is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Pietra (born 1968), Argentine actress

Angelo Pietra (1550–1587), Italian Benedictine economist

Gaetano Pietra (1879–1961), Italian statistician

Minervino Pietra (born 1954), Portuguese footballer

Andrea Pietra
Andrea Pietra is an Argentine actress. She worked with Nancy Dupláa as the lead actresses of Socias. She suggested her to hire the actress Paola Barrientos for her new telenovela, Graduados. In 2012 she joined the telenovela Sos mi hombre.
2018 Caracas drone attack
On 4 August 2018, two drones detonated explosives near Avenida Bolívar, Caracas, where Nicolás Maduro, the president of Venezuela, was addressing the Bolivarian National Guard in front of the Centro Simón Bolívar Towers and Palacio de Justicia de Caracas. The Venezuelan government claims the event was a targeted attempt to assassinate Maduro, though the cause and intention of the explosions is debated. Others have suggested the incident was a false flag operation designed by the government to justify repression of opposition in Venezuela.

Jorge Rodríguez (Venezuelan politician)
Jorge Jesús Rodríguez Gómez (born 9 November 1965) is a Venezuelan politician  serving as President of the National Assembly of Venezuela since 2021. He is the brother of Delcy Rodríguez, the vice president and acting president of Venezuela.

He was vice president of Venezuela under the government of Hugo Chávez from 8 January 2007, to 3 January 2008, rector and president of the National Electoral Council from January 2005 to April 2006, and mayor of Caracas from November 2008 to December 2017. He served as Venezuela’s Minister of Communication and Information under President Nicolás Maduro from November 2017 until 4 September 2020, when he left the position to successfully run in that year’s parliamentary elections in the Capital District.
Cheryl Dumesnil
Cheryl Dumesnil (born 1969) is an American author, poet and editor. She is a frequent contributor to The Huffington Post. Her poems and essays have appeared in Indiana Review, Barrow Street, Calyx, and Rattle.

Dumesnil was awarded the 2008 Agnes Lynch Starrett Poetry Prize for her first full-length book, In Praise of Falling.

Dumesnil received her MFA in creative writing from Syracuse University and taught at Santa Clara University from 1994 to 2001. She lives in the San Francisco Bay Area with her wife and two sons.

Agnes Lynch Starrett Poetry Prize
The Agnes Lynch Starrett Poetry Prize is a major American literary award for a first full-length book of poetry in the English language.

This prize of the University of Pittsburgh Press  in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States was initiated by Ed Ochester and developed by Frederick A. Hetzel. The prize is named for a former director of the Press. It has both recognized and supported emerging poets, which has allowed their work to become available to readers around the world.

The award is open to any poet writing in English who has not had a full-length book published previously. Entry requires the payment of a significant fee.    A "full-length book" of poetry is defined as a volume of 48 or more pages published in an edition of 500 or more copies. The prize carries a cash award of $5,000 and publication by the University of Pittsburgh Press in the Pitt Poetry Series. The winner is announced in the fall of each year.