hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Black Apollo Press
Black Apollo Press is an independent publisher based in Cambridge, England.  It was founded in 1995 by American writer Bob Biderman and British Baudelarian scholar, David Kelley.  As well as publishing original translations of important European authors, including the French existentialist playwright Jean Tardieu and Armenian dissident Gurgen Mahari, the press has brought  back into print a group of late Victorian writers such as Margaret Harkness, Amy Levy and Israel Zangwill. Black Apollo has also helped develop a series of art books jointly sponsored by Trinity College, Cambridge, and the French Cultural service. Their backlist  includes works of contemporary fiction, poetry and non-fiction titles in media studies, social history and politics.  An imprint of the press is Black Apollo Mysteries which publishes socially engaged thrillers including the Joseph Radkin Investigations series.

Gurgen Mahari
Gurgen Mahari (Armenian: Գուրգեն Մահարի, born Gurgen Grigori Ajemian; August 14 [O.S. August 1], 1903 – June 17, 1969) was an Armenian writer of prose and poetry. His most significant works include the semi-autobiographical novella Barbed Wires in Blossom (1968) and the novel Burning Orchards (1966), which is set in the writer's hometown of Van on the eve of the Armenian genocide.
National Advisory Committee on Occupational Safety and Health
The National Advisory Committee on Occupational Safety and Health (NACOSH) was established under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 to advise the Secretaries of Labor and Health and Human Services on occupational safety and health programs and policies. Members of the twelve-person advisory committee are chosen on the basis of their knowledge and experience in occupational safety and health.

The twelve-member NACOSH has two members representing management, two members representing labor, two members representing the occupational health professions, two members representing the occupational safety professions and four members representing the public. Two of the health representatives and two of the public members are designated by the Secretary of Health and Human Services, although actual appointment of these members, as well as all other members, is by the Secretary of Labor. The members serve two-year terms.

Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States)
The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 is a US labor law governing the federal law of occupational health and safety in the private sector and federal government in the United States. It was enacted by Congress in 1970 and was signed by President Richard Nixon on December 29, 1970. Its main goal is to ensure that employers provide employees with an environment free from recognized hazards, such as exposure to toxic chemicals, excessive noise levels, mechanical dangers, heat or cold stress, or unsanitary conditions. The Act created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

The Act can be found in the United States Code at title 29, chapter 15.
Mugur
Mugur ("bud") and its diminutive Mugurel are Romanian given names. Notable persons with these names include:

Mugur Bolohan (born 1976), Romanian footballer

Mugur Gușatu (born 1969), Romanian footballer

Mugur Isărescu (born 1949), Romanian economist and politician

Mugurel Buga (born 1977), Romanian footballer

Mugurel Dedu (born 1985), Romanian footballer

Mugurel Dumitru (born 1972), Romanian footballer

Mugurel Dumitru
Mugurel Dumitru is a retired Romanian association football forward who played professionally in the USISL A-League.

In 1998, Dumitru moved to the United States to play for the Silicon Valley Ambassadors of the USISL Pro Development League.  In 1999, he moved to the San Diego Flash of the USISL A-League.  In April 2001, the Flash ceased operations due to financial problems.    The league took control of the team and financed its operations through the end of the season.  However, several Flash players left  the team, including Dumitru who moved to the El Paso Patriots where he finished his American career.
Ruth Mary Reynolds
Ruth Mary Reynolds (February 29, 1916 – December 2, 1989) was an American educator, political and civil rights activist who embraced the ideals of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party. She was incarcerated in La Princesa Prison for sedition during the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Revolts of the 1950s. As one of the founders of the organization known as the "American League for Puerto Rico's Independence," she devoted many years of her life to the cause of Puerto Rico's independence from the United States after her release from prison.

Río Piedras massacre
The Río Piedras massacre occurred on October 24, 1935, at the University of Puerto Rico in Río Piedras. Puerto Rico Police officers confronted and opened fire on supporters of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party. Four Nationalist Party members were killed, and one police officer was wounded during the shooting.
25th Division (Yugoslav Partisans)
The 25th Serbia Division (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Dvadesetpeta srpska divizija) was a Yugoslav Partisan division formed on 10 June 1944 in Jošanica. It was formed from the 16th, 18th and 19th Serbia Brigades. Upon formation it had around 3,000 soldiers, it grew to around 12,000 by December 1944. The division was direct command of the Supreme Headquarters until 6 September 1944. It became a part of the 2nd Army in January 1945.

2nd Army (Yugoslav Partisans)
The 2nd Army of the Yugoslav Partisans was a Partisan army that operated in Yugoslavia during the last months of the Second World War.

The Army was created on 1 January 1945, when Chief Commander Marshal Josip Broz Tito converted the guerilla National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia in a more regular Yugoslav Army.
Pont Bodefail
Pont Bodefail is a bridge between the villages of Boduan and Efailnewydd in Wales.

The bridge carries the A497 road over the Afon Rhyd-hir. It is a single-span concrete arch bridge clad with locally sourced masonry. It runs parallel to Pont Bodfel which was damaged in a storm in 2019 and subsequently repaired and reopened as a pedestrian and cyclist crossing.

Boduan
Boduan is a village in Gwynedd, Wales, about 4 miles from Pwllheli. It is in the historic county of Caernarfonshire. It was due to host the National Eisteddfod in 2021 but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, instead it hosted the 2023 edition.

Garn Boduan, a hillfort built soon after Roman occupation, is located in the village. Plas Boduan is an 18th-century Grade II listed house, set in a park dating from the 19th century which is designated Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.
Yovani Romero
Yovani Humberto Romero Guevara (born April 11, 1980 in Santa Rosa de Lima, El Salvador) is a  Salvadoran footballer who currently plays for Vista Hermosa in the Primera División de Fútbol de El Salvador.

Primera División de El Salvador
The Primera División de Fútbol Profesional de El Salvador (First Division of Professional Football of El Salvador), more commonly known as  La Liga Mayor or La Primera, also known as Liga Pepsi for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional football league in El Salvador.

It was established in 1947, and in 2011 had 10 clubs. Initially the league was run as a year-long tournament, but since 1998 there are two tournaments each year, much like in many other football leagues in the Americas.

The Apertura season runs from July to December, while the Clausura season runs from January to May.

Of the 56 teams to have competed in the league, FAS has won the title 19 times,  followed by Alianza (19), Aguila (17), Firpo (11) and Isidro Metapan (10)
Andrew Underhill
Andrew Underhill (April 17, 1749 - before June 14, 1794) was an American silversmith, active in New York City.

Underhill was born in Cedar Swamp, New York, or Westbury, Long Island, a brother of silversmith Thomas Underhill. He married Deborah Willett on November 3, 1774, in Matinecock, New York, and worked from 1775-1788 as a silversmith in New York City. On his death, his will records property in Vendewater Street and farms and mills at New Rochelle. His works are collected in the Art Institute of Chicago, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Museum of the City of New York, and Winterthur Museum.

Museum of the City of New York
The Museum of the City of New York (MCNY) is a history and art museum in Manhattan, New York City. It was founded by Henry Collins Brown in 1923 to preserve and present the history of New York City and its people. It is located at 1220–1227 Fifth Avenue between East 103rd to 104th Streets, across from Central Park on Manhattan's Upper East Side, at the northern end of the Museum Mile section of Fifth Avenue.

The red brick with marble trim museum was built in 1929–30 and was designed by Joseph H. Freedlander in the neo-Georgian style, with statues of Alexander Hamilton and DeWitt Clinton by sculptor Adolph Alexander Weinman facing Central Park from niches in the facade.

The museum is a private non-profit organization which receives government support as a member of New York City's Cultural Institutions Group. Its other sources of income are endowments, admission fees, and contributions.
Fiction (American magazine)
Fiction is an American literary magazine founded in 1972 by Mark Jay Mirsky, Donald Barthelme, and Max Frisch.  It is published by the City College of New York.

In its early years, Fiction was published in tabloid format and featured experimental work by such writers as John Barth, Jerome Charyn, Italo Calvino, Ronald Sukenick, Steve Katz, Russell Banks, Samuel Beckett, and J. G. Ballard. It later took the form of a more traditional paperback literary magazine, publishing short works by Reinaldo Arenas, Isaac Babel, Donald Barthelme, Jackson Bliss, Mei Chin, Julio Cortázar, Marguerite Duras, Natalia Ginzburg, Clarice Lispector, Robie Macauley, Robert Musil, Joyce Carol Oates, Manuel Puig, and John Yau.

Though the magazine ostensibly focuses on publishing fiction, as its name implies, it has recently also featured excerpts from Robert Musil's diaries and letters, as well as various writings with an autobiographical slant.

Reinaldo Arenas
Reinaldo Arenas (July 16, 1943 – December 7, 1990) was a Cuban poet, novelist, and playwright who is known as a vocal critic of Fidel Castro, the Cuban Revolution, and the Cuban government. His memoir of the Cuban dissident movement and of being a political prisoner, Before Night Falls, was dictated after his escape to the United States during the 1980 Mariel boatlift and published posthumously. Arenas, who was dying of AIDS, killed himself in 1990.
Mapleton, Illinois
Mapleton is a small village in Peoria County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, Mapleton had a population of 261. Mapleton is part of the Peoria, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. There are four different plants in Mapleton, all located along U.S. Route 24: an Evonik chemical plant, an Arxada, LLC plant (formerly Lonza Group), a Caterpillar Inc. foundry, and an Ingredion facility.

Ingredion
Ingredion Inc. is an American food and beverage ingredient provider based in Westchester, Illinois, producing mainly starches, non-GMO sweeteners, stevia, and pea protein. The company turns corn, tapioca, potatoes, plant-based stevia, grains, fruits, gums and other vegetables into ingredients for the food, beverage, brewing, and pharmaceutical industries and numerous industrial sectors. It has about 12,000 employees in 44 locations, and customers in excess of 120 countries.

In 2021, Ingredion was ranked second in the Modified Starch category of the Global Food Thickener Companies list and second on the Top 50 Global Sweetener Companies list by FoodTalks.
Karmaflow
Karmaflow: The Rock Opera Videogame is an interactive rock opera video game developed by Dutch studio BaseCamp Games and features singers from bands such as DragonForce, Cradle of Filth, Epica, Sonata Arctica, and Arch Enemy. The symphonic sound of the score is performed by the Metropole Orkest.

Sonata Arctica
Sonata Arctica is a Finnish power metal band from the town of Kemi. Created as a hard rock band named Tricky Beans, they later changed to Tricky Means and finally to Sonata Arctica, when they shifted to power metal. The current lineup consists of drummer Tommy Portimo, lead singer Tony Kakko, keyboardist Henrik Klingenberg, guitarist Elias Viljanen and bassist Pasi Kauppinen. All the musicians of the band's history except Portimo also acted as backing vocalists.

As of 2024, the band has released eleven full-length albums (three via Spinefarm Records, eight via Nuclear Blast, and one via Atomic Fire).
Family Biz
Family Biz is a Canadian-French television sitcom, filmed in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada starring Doug Murray, Ephraim Ellis and Kate Corbett. Created by James Nadler, the program is currently airing on YTV in Canada and France 2 in France. The first episode was shown on YTV. The program has been rated "C8+" in Canada, where it ran for one season from March 6 to December 8, 2009.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
Zebah and Zalmunna
Zebah (Hebrew: זֶ֫בַח Zeḇaḥ, "sacrifice", Zebee in the Brenton Septuagint Translation and the Douai-Rheims Bible) and Zalmunna (צַלְמֻנָּע Ṣalmunnā‘, "shade denied" or "Salm protects" Salmana in the Brenton Septuagint Translation and the Douai-Rheims Bible) were the two kings who led the vast host of the Midianites who invaded the land of Israel, and over whom Gideon gained a great and decisive victory (Judges 8). Zebah and Zalmunna had succeeded in escaping across the Jordan River with a remnant of the Midianite host, but were overtaken at Karkor, probably in the Hauran, and routed by Gideon. The kings were taken alive and brought back across the Jordan; and confessing that they had personally taken part in the killing of Gideon's brothers, they were put to death.

Their demise is remembered and invoked in Psalms 83:9–11:

Deal with them as with Midian ... yes, all their princes like Zebah and Zalmunna.

See also 1 Samuel 12:11 and Isaiah 10:26.

The Septuagint version of the Old Testament (Brenton)
The Septuagint version of the Old Testament is a translation of the Septuagint to English by Sir Lancelot Charles Lee Brenton, originally published by Samuel Bagster & Sons, London, in 1844.

From the 1851 edition, the Apocrypha were included, and by about 1870, an edition with parallel Greek text existed; another one appeared in 1884. In the 20th century, it was reprinted by Zondervan, among others.

Codex Vaticanus is used as the primary source. Brenton's had been the most widely used translation until the publication of New English Translation of the Septuagint in 2007.
Somali Democratic Republic
The Somali Democratic Republic (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliyeed; Arabic: جمهورية الصومال الديمقراطية; Italian: Repubblica Democratica Somala) was a communist state in Somalia, one of only two in the Arab world (together with South Yemen), that existed from 1969 to 1991.

Established in October 1969, the Somali Democratic Republic emerged following a coup d'état led by Major General Siad Barre and the Somali military. The coup took place six days after the assassination of Abdirashid Shermarke, the second President of the Somali Republic. Barre's administration and the Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party governed Somalia for the next 21 years until the rise of Ethiopian-backed Somali rebel groups, which ultimately led to the government's collapse and the onset of civil war in 1991.

Somali Air Force
The Somali Air Force (SAF; Somali: Ciidanka Cirka Soomaaliyeed, Osmanya: 𐒋𐒕𐒆𐒖𐒑𐒖𐒆𐒖 𐒋𐒘𐒇𐒏𐒖 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒜𐒆, CCS; Arabic: القوات الجوية الصومالية, Al-Qūwāt al-Gawwīyä as-Ṣūmālīyä) is the air force of Somalia. Called the Somali Aeronautical Corps (SAC) during its pre-independence period (1954–1960), it was renamed as Somali Air Force (SAF) after Somalia gained independence in 1960. Ali Matan Hashi, Somalia's first pilot and person principally responsible for organizing the SAF, was its founder and served as its the country's first air chief. At one point, the Somali Air Force had the strongest airstrike capability in the Horn of Africa. But by the time President Siad Barre fled Mogadishu in 1991, it had completely collapsed. The SAF headquarters was technically reopened in 2015 and from 2023 new helicopters arrived. It is now carrying out operations against Al-Shabaab, mostly supporting ground forces.
Mount Washington Wilderness
The Mount Washington Wilderness is a wilderness area located on and around Mount Washington in the central Cascade Range of Oregon in the United States.  The wilderness was established in 1964 and comprises 54,278 acres (219.66 km2) of the Willamette National Forest and Deschutes National Forest. It is administered by the U.S. Forest Service.

Pinus contorta
Pinus contorta, with the common names lodgepole pine, shore pine, twisted pine, and contorta pine, is an evergreen species of conifer tree. It is a common pine in western North America, found near the ocean shore and in dry montane forests to the subalpine, but is rare in lowland rain forests.
Samuel Mukooza
Samuel Mukooza (born 4 December 1989) is an Ugandan retired basketball player. His last professional team was Trelleborg Basket of the Swedish Basketettan.

He represented Uganda's national basketball team at the 2015 AfroBasket, where he was his team's best passer.

AfroBasket 2015
AfroBasket 2015 was the 28th edition of the AfroBasket, a men's basketball continental championship of Africa. It also served as the qualifying tournament for FIBA Africa at the 2016 Summer Olympics Basketball Tournament in Brazil. The tournament was held in Tunis, Tunisia. The winner qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics Basketball Tournament.

Nigeria won their first ever AfroBasket, beating Angola in the final 74–65. Chamberlain Oguchi was named tourney MVP.

By winning the title, Nigeria automatically qualified for the 2016 Olympics. The next three best-placed teams, Angola, Tunisia, and Senegal, each secured a spot in the final FIBA World Olympic qualifying tournament.
Saint Nonnus
Nonnus (Ancient Greek: Νόννος, Nónnos) was legendary 4th- or 5th-century Christian saint, said to have been an Egyptian monk who became a bishop in Syria and was responsible for the conversion of St Pelagia the harlot during one of the Synods of Antioch. His feast day is observed on November 10.

Roman Syria
Roman Syria was an early Roman province annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC by Pompey in the Third Mithridatic War following the defeat of King of Armenia Tigranes the Great, who had become the protector of the Hellenistic kingdom of Syria.

Following the partition of the Herodian Kingdom of Judea into a tetrarchy in 4 BC, it was gradually absorbed into Roman provinces, with Roman Syria annexing Iturea and Trachonitis. By the late 2nd century AD, the province was divided into Coele Syria and Syria Phoenice.
Boyhood Loves
Boyhood Loves (French: Amour d'enfance) is a 2001 French drama film directed by Yves Caumon. It was the director's first feature film. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Un Certain Regard Award.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
HD 32515
HD 32515 (HR 1635) is a solitary star located in the southern constellation Caelum. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.9, making it faintly visible to the naked eye under ideal conditions. The star is situated at a distance of 326 light years but is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of  29.4 km/s.

This star was designated Theta Caeli by Johann Elert Bode in his 1801 Uranographia, but this is now no longer used.

HD 32515 has a stellar classification of K2 III, indicating that it is an early K-type giant star. HD 32515 has an angular diameter of 1.03±0.07 mas (after limb darkening correction); this yields a diameter 11.9 times that of the Sun at its estimated distance. At present, it has 152% of the Sun's mass and shines at 56.3 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,540 K, giving it an orange glow. HD 32515 has a similar metallicity and age to the Sun and spins slowly with a projected rotational velocity of 1.4 km/s

Naked eye
Naked eye, also called bare eye or unaided eye, is the practice of engaging in visual perception unaided by a magnifying, light-collecting optical instrument, such as a telescope or microscope, or eye protection.

In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids, including 4 Vesta. Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.
Kuninkaanhauta
Kuninkaanhauta (The King's Grave) is a Bronze Age tumulus in the village of Panelia in Eura, Finland, dating back to c. 1500–1300 BC. It is the largest burial cairn (Finnish: hiidenkiuas) in Finland, Kuninkaanhauta is 36×30 meters wide and about four meters high.

According to the legends, Kuninkaanhauta is the burial place of a local king or chief, but the grave has never been opened. It was built on the shore of the ancient Bay of Panelia. Since the Bronze Age, the coastline has moved nearly 20 kilometers west due to the post-glacial rebound.

Kuninkaanhauta is located about 9 kilometers northeast of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Sammallahdenmäki which includes more than 30 Bronze Age burial cairns.

Post-glacial rebound
Post-glacial rebound (also called isostatic rebound or crustal rebound) is the rise of land masses after the removal of the huge weight of ice sheets during the last glacial period, which had caused isostatic depression. Post-glacial rebound and isostatic depression are phases of glacial isostasy (glacial isostatic adjustment, glacioisostasy), the  deformation of the Earth's crust in response to changes in ice mass distribution. The direct raising effects of post-glacial rebound are readily apparent in parts of Northern Eurasia, Northern America, Patagonia, and Antarctica. However, through the processes of ocean siphoning and continental levering, the effects of post-glacial rebound on sea level are felt globally far from the locations of current and former ice sheets.