hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jeffery–Hamel flow
In fluid dynamics Jeffery–Hamel flow is a flow created by a converging or diverging channel with a source or sink of fluid volume at the point of intersection of the two plane walls. It is named after George Barker Jeffery(1915) and Georg Hamel(1917), but it has subsequently been studied by many major scientists such as von Kármán and Levi-Civita, Walter Tollmien, F. Noether, W.R. Dean, Rosenhead, Landau, G.K. Batchelor etc. A complete set of solutions was described by Edward Fraenkel in 1962.

Theodore von Kármán
Theodore von Kármán (Hungarian: (szőllőskislaki) Kármán Tódor [(søːløːʃkiʃlɒki) ˈkaːrmaːn ˈtoːdor], May 11, 1881 – May 6, 1963) was a Hungarian-American mathematician, aerospace engineer, and physicist who worked in aeronautics and astronautics. He was responsible for crucial advances in aerodynamics characterizing supersonic and hypersonic airflow. The human-defined threshold of outer space is named the "Kármán line" in recognition of his work. Kármán is regarded as an outstanding aerodynamic theoretician of the 20th century.
Madog ap Rhiryd
Madog ap Rhiryd was a 12th-century Welsh prince of part of Powys. His birth and death dates are unknown. He was a son of Rhiryd ap Bleddyn.

In 1110 he allied himself with his cousin, Owain ap Cadwgan, against Henry I of England. After Henry stripped Owain of his title and replaced him with Iorwerth ap Bleddyn, their uncle, Madog killed Iorwerth in 1111. When Owain's father, Cadwgan, was also killed by Madog at Welshpool the same year, Owain became ruler of much of Powys. He employed his uncle Maredudd ap Bleddyn as penteulu (captain of the guard). In 1113 Maredudd captured Madog and sent him to Owain. Owain took vengeance for the killing of his father by gouging out Madog's eyes. Nothing more of him is known to history.

Welshpool
Welshpool (Welsh: Y Trallwng ⓘ) is a market town and community in Powys, Wales, historically in the county of Montgomeryshire. The town is four miles (six kilometres) from the Wales–England border and low-lying on the River Severn. The community, which also includes Cloddiau and Pool Quay, has a population of 6,664 (as of the 2011 United Kingdom census), with the town having 5,948. There are many examples of Georgian architecture within the town. Powis Castle is located to the north.
WR 22
WR 22, also known as V429 Carinae or HR 4188, is an eclipsing binary star system in the constellation Carina.  The system contains a Wolf-Rayet (WR) star that is one of the most massive and most luminous stars known, and is also a bright X-ray source due to colliding winds with a less massive O class companion. Its eclipsing nature and apparent magnitude make it very useful for constraining the properties of luminous hydrogen-rich WR stars.

In 1978, Anthony Moffat and Wilhelm Seggewiss announced that the star's brightness varies. Eclipses were first detected by Luis A. Balona et al. in 1989. It received its variable star designation, V429 Carinae, in 1980.

Anthony Moffat
Anthony (Tony) F.J. Moffat is an emeritus professor of astronomy at the Université de Montréal in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He was appointed as a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2001. Moffat's research focuses on massive stars (Wolf-Rayet stars in particular), stellar winds, binary stars, as well as the structure and dynamics of star formation regions and galaxies.
South Carolina Highway 174
South Carolina Highway 174 (SC 174) is a 25.730-mile (41.408 km) state highway, connecting Edisto Beach with the western part of the Charleston area, in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of South Carolina. The highway was designated a South Carolina scenic byway in 1988. In 2009, the U.S. Department of Transportation declared that a 17-mile (27 km) stretch of SC 174 on Edisto Island would be designated as a National Scenic Byway. According to the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT), the southern terminus is at the southern terminus of Yacht Club Road, where Palmetto Boulevard changes name to Dock Site Road. However, the signed southern terminus is at an intersection with Dock Site Road and the western terminus of Buoy Road, approximately 1,112 feet (339 m) to the northeast.

Charleston metropolitan area, South Carolina
The Charleston metropolitan area is an urban area centered around Charleston, South Carolina. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget designates the area as the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, a metropolitan statistical area used for statistical purposes only by the United States Census Bureau and other federal agencies. The OMB defines the area as comprising Berkeley, Charleston and Dorchester counties, an area with 799,636 residents in the 2020 census.  Principal cities include Charleston, North Charleston, and Summerville. The area is commonly referred to as the Tri-County Area or the Lowcountry, though the latter term has historically referred to South Carolina's southern coast in general.
Casual Peeps at Sophia
Casual Peeps at Sophia is a collection of essays and addresses by Allama I I Kazi. It was published by the Sindhi Adabi Board in 1967. The subjects dealt within these essays and addresses cover a wide range of topics such as philosophy, religion, history, poetry, art and literary criticism.

Sindhi Adabi Board
Sindhi Adabi Board is a government sponsored institution in Sindh,  Pakistan for the promotion of Sindhi literature. It was established in 1955 in Jamshoro, Sindh. It is under the Education Department of the Government of Sindh.
M. R. Ghanoonparvar
Mohammad Reza Ghanoonparvar (Persian: محمدرضا قانون‌پرور) is a Professor Emeritus of Persian and Comparative Literature at the Faculty of Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Texas, Austin, whose expertise includes the works of Simin Daneshvar, Sadeq Chubak, and Sadeq Hedayat.

Middle Eastern Studies (journal)
Middle Eastern Studies is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal of Middle-Eastern studies. It was established in 1964 by Elie Kedourie, who served as editor-in-chief from 1964 to 1992, and is published by Taylor & Francis. From 1992 to 2016, the journal was edited by Sylvia Kedourie. It is now co-edited by Saul Kelly and Helen Kedourie.
Maza Pravas
Maza Pravas: 1857 cya Bandaci Hakikat (or Majha Pravas, which translates into English as "My Travels: the Story of the 1857 Mutiny") is a Marathi travelogue written by Vishnubhat Godse, who travelled on foot from Varsai, a village near Pen (in what is now the state of Maharashtra, in India), to the central and northern parts of India during 1857-1858, and witnessed several incidents of what he calls "The Mutiny of 1857", also known as the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

During his travel, he witnessed the events at Mhow, worked for the Rani of Jhansi for a few months, and witnessed the defeat of Jhansi, visited Ayodhya, eventually returning penniless to his village. Apart from his encounters of the mutiny, he also visited most of the Hindu holy places.

Modi script
Modi (Marathi: मोडी, 𑘦𑘻𑘚𑘲‎, Mōḍī, Marathi pronunciation: [moːɖiː]) is an old script used to write the Marathi language, which is the primary language spoken in the state of Maharashtra, India. There are multiple theories concerning its origin. The Modi script was used alongside the Devanagari script to write Marathi until the 20th century when the Balbodh style of the Devanagari script was promoted as the standard writing system for Marathi.
Sylvia Steinbrecht
Sylvia Steinbrecht Aleix (born 1977) is an Andorran artistic director and production designer of Swiss origin. She has worked with directors including Brad Anderson, Woody Allen, Isabel Coixet, Cesc Gay, Alejandro González Iñárritu, Ramón Salazar and Tom Tykwer. She is a winner of the Gaudí Award for Best Art Direction.

Brad Anderson (director)
Brad Anderson (born April 5, 1964) is an American film director, producer and writer. A director of thriller and horror films and television projects, he is best known for directing The Machinist (2004), starring Christian Bale, psychological horror film Session 9 (2001) and The Call (2013), starring Halle Berry. He also produced and directed several episodes of the Fox science fiction series Fringe. Earlier in his career he directed the romantic comedies Next Stop Wonderland (1998) and Happy Accidents (2000).
Primary Health Care (magazine)
Primary Health Care is a professional magazine published 10 times a year by the RCNi, part of the Royal College of Nursing group. It publishes news, features, and clinical articles relevant to the practice of community health nursing in the United Kingdom. It is available in print or digital format.

The magazine was established in 1982. It is indexed by the British Nursing Index and CINAHL and available through most online aggregators as well as from the publisher.

In 2014 it had an average circulation of over 7,150.

British Nursing Index
The British Nursing Index (BNI) is a bibliographic database of nursing and midwifery journal articles. The index contains details of English language articles from 1985 to the present, and is updated monthly. As of 2016, the database covers more than 700 journal titles, over half of which are current publications.

In 1991, the Nursing and Midwifery Index (NMI) was created by health librarians at Poole Hospital, Salisbury District Hospital and Bournemouth University; this became a database in 1994.

The BNI database was formed in 1996 with the merging of the Nursing and Midwifery Index database and the Royal College of Nursing's Nursing Bibliography. The BNI database was launched on 1 January 1997 and covered 220 journals. As of September 2013, 81 of the journal titles indexed by BNI are not covered by the CINAHL databases, and 51 of these are published in the UK.
Atiwa District
Atiwa District is a former district that was located in Eastern Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger East Akim District in 1988, which was created from the former East Akim District Council, until the northwest part of the district was split off to create Atiwa District on 17 February 2004; thus the remaining part has been retained as East Akim District, which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 29 February 2008 to become East Akim Municipal District. However, on 1 June 2018, it was split off into two new districts: Atiwa West District (capital: Kwabeng) and Atiwa East District (capital: Anyinam). The municipality was located in the central part of Eastern Region and had Kwabeng as its capital town.

Eastern Region (Ghana)
The Eastern Region is located in the eastern part of Ghana and is one of the sixteen administrative regions of Ghana. Eastern Region is bordered to the east by the Lake Volta, to the north by Bono East Region and Ashanti region, to the west by Ashanti Region, to the south by Central Region and Greater Accra Region. Akans are the dominant inhabitants and natives of Eastern Region, and Akan, Ewe, Krobo, Hausa and English are the main spoken languages. The capital town of Eastern Region is Koforidua. The Eastern Region is the location of the Akosombo Dam, and the economy of the Eastern Region is dominated by its high-capacity electricity generation. Eastern Region covers an area of 19,323 square kilometres, which is about 8.1% of Ghana's total landform.
Petroleum industry in Nigeria
Nigeria is the largest oil and gas producer in Africa. Crude oil from the Niger Delta basin mostly comes in two types: light, and comparatively heavy – the lighter crude has API gravity of approximately  36 while the heavier crude has  API gravity range 20 -25. Both types are paraffinic and low in sulfur. Nigeria's economy and budget have been largely supported from income and revenues generated from the petroleum industry since 1960. Statistics as at February 2021 show that the Nigerian oil sector contributes to about 9% of the GDP of the nation.

The need for holistic reforms in the petroleum industry, ease of doing business, and encouragement of local content in the industry birthed the Petroleum Industry Bill by the Goodluck Jonathan administration on 18 July 2008.

Agip
Agip S.p.A., acronym for Azienda generale italiana petroli, was an Italian automotive gasoline, diesel, LPG, lubricants, fuel oil, and bitumen retailer established in 1926 and subsidiary of Eni S.p.A.

In 2013 Agip merged into Eni, creating the Refining and Marketing Division (R&M).
Little League Volunteer Stadium
Little League Volunteer Stadium is a baseball stadium in South Williamsport, Pennsylvania.  Along with Howard J. Lamade Stadium, it annually hosts the Little League World Series, one of the few sports events where children 12 years old and younger take the center stage.

Volunteer Stadium was built starting in 2000 to accommodate the growth of the Little League World Series, and was completed in 2001. Its seating capacity is 3,000. The stadium is comparable in seating capacity to Lamade Stadium but with far less standing room; the berms surrounding the stadium are much smaller, limiting potential attendance to 5,000 spectators, as opposed to the over 40,000 that can be accommodated at Lamade Stadium. Volunteer Stadium is used for all international games.

In 2006, the home run distance was increased by 20 ft (6.1 m), from 205 ft (62 m) to 225 ft (69 m), to all fields; the outfield wall forms one-fourth of a true circle.

As of 2024, Volunteer Stadium began hosting elimination games.

Circle
A circle is a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the centre. The distance between any point of the circle and the centre is called the radius. The length of a line segment connecting two points on the circle and passing through the centre is called the diameter. A circle bounds a region of the plane called a disc.

The circle has been known since before the beginning of recorded history. Natural circles are common, such as the full moon or a slice of round fruit. The circle is the basis for the wheel, which, with related inventions such as gears, makes much of modern machinery possible. In mathematics, the study of the circle has helped inspire the development of geometry, astronomy and calculus.
2008–09 Umaglesi Liga
The 2008–09 Umaglesi Liga was the twentieth season of top-tier football in Georgia. It was scheduled to begin in August 2008, but the start of the league was delayed due to the 2008 South Ossetia war. The first round of games finally took place on 13 and 14 September 2008. The season ended with the 33rd round played on 23 May 2009. Dinamo Tbilisi were the defending champions.

The league was reduced from 14 to 12 teams prior to this season. However, Ameri Tbilisi voluntarily withdrew from the competition in mid-July because of financial reasons. As no replacement team was announced, the league featured only 11 teams.

Erovnuli Liga
The Erovnuli Liga (Georgian: ეროვნული ლიგა; lit. 'National League') is the top division of professional top tier football in Georgia. Since 1990, it has been organized by the Professional Football League of Georgia and Georgian Football Federation. From 1927 to 1989, the competition was held as a regional tournament within the Soviet Union. From 2017, the Erovnuli Liga switched to a spring-autumn system, with only 10 clubs in the top flight.
USS Luster
USS Luster (IX‑82), was a yacht which served in the United States Navy as a patrol boat during World War II.

She was built as Ko‑Asa in 1936 by M. M. Davis & Sons of Solomons, Maryland, and purchased by the Navy from George Marshall Allen of New York City on 21 July 1942; and placed in service on 14 August 1942.

Solomons, Maryland
Solomons, also known as Solomons Island, is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Calvert County, Maryland, United States. The population was 2,368 at the 2010 census, up from 1,536 in 2000. Solomons is a popular weekend destination spot in the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area.
1974 Brazilian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Brazil on 15 November 1974. The National Renewal Alliance won 203 of the 364 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, whilst the Brazilian Democratic Movement won 16 of the 22 seats in the Senate. Voter turnout was 81%.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Christy Connery
Christopher J. Connery (born 20 October 1967) is an Irish former hurler who played as a right corner-back for the Cork senior team.

Born in Cork, Connery first played competitive hurling during his schooling at the North Monastery. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Cork minor team before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 1987 championship and became a regular member of the team over the next few seasons. Connery won one All-Ireland medal as a non-playing substitute.

At club level Connery is a three-time county club championship medalist with Na Piarsaigh.

Throughout his career Connery made 3 championship appearances. His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1991 championship.

North Monastery
The North Monastery (Irish: An Mhainistir Thuaidh), commonly known as The Mon, is a co-educational education campus comprising Scoil Mhuire Fatima Primary School, North Monastery Co-educational Secondary and Gaelcholáiste Mhuire AG, located at Our Lady's Mount, Cork, Ireland.
Kragujevac Cross
The Cross of St. George (Serbian: Ђурђевдански крст), commonly known as the Kragujevac Cross, is a monumental cross at the entrance of the city of Kragujevac, Serbia. It is 18 metres high and 11 metres wide, with the Crucifixion of Jesus on one side, and the icon of St. George and the Dragon on the other. It was blessed by Serbian Patriarch Irinej on July 21, 2010.

Irinej, Serbian Patriarch
Irinej (Serbian Cyrillic: Иринеј, pronounced [irǐneːj], English: Irenaeus; born Miroslav Gavrilović; 28 August 1930 – 20 November 2020) was the head of the Serbian Orthodox Church from 2010 until his death in 2020.

He had first been the bishop of Niš between 1975 and 2010, and then the patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church from 22 January 2010 succeeding Pavle, until his death. He was considered, both abroad and at home, to be a moderate traditionalist, open to global inter-religious dialogue.
Dorset Regiment
The Dorset Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in existence from 1881 to 1958, being the county regiment of Dorset. Until 1951, it was formally called the Dorsetshire Regiment, although usually known as "The Dorsets". In 1958, after service in the Second Boer War along with World War I and World War II, the Dorset Regiment was amalgamated with the Devonshire Regiment to form the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment. In 2007, it was amalgamated with the Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire and Wiltshire Regiment, The Light Infantry and the Royal Green Jackets to form a new large regiment, The Rifles.

Tirah campaign
The Tirah campaign, often referred to in contemporary British accounts as the Tirah expedition,  was an Indian frontier campaign from September 1897 to April 1898. Tirah is a mountainous tract of country in what was formerly known as Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan, now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.
Net gain (telecommunications)
In telecommunications, net gain is the overall gain of a transmission circuit. Net gain is measured by applying a test signal at an appropriate power level at the input port of a circuit and measuring the power delivered at the output port. The net gain in dB is calculated by taking 10 times the common logarithm of the ratio of the output power to the input power.

The net gain expressed in dB may be positive or negative.  If the net gain expressed in dB is negative, it is also called the net loss.  If the net gain is expressed as a ratio, and the ratio is less than unity, a net loss is indicated.

The test signal must be chosen so that its power level is within the usual operating range of the circuit being tested.

Power (physics)
Power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time. In the International System of Units, the unit of power is the watt (symbol W), equal to one joule per second (J/s). Power is a scalar quantity.

The output power of a motor is the product of the torque that the motor generates and the angular velocity of its output shaft.  Likewise, the power dissipated in an electrical element of a circuit is the product of the current flowing through the element and of the voltage across the element.
Culis monumentalibus
Culis monumentalibus (Latin for "to the monumental buttocks") is an urban sculpture located on Pelayo street, in front of the Campoamor Theater, in the city of Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain.
The sculpture, which bears the name in Latin and is made of bronze (the figure, which is four meters high) and granite (the pedestal, which is 80 centimeters high), is the work of Eduardo Úrculo, and is dated 2001.

Oviedo
Oviedo (Spanish: [oˈβjeðo] ⓘ) or Uviéu (Asturian: [uˈβjew]) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region. With a population of 220,027, it is also the 2nd-largest city in Asturias.

Oviedo is located approximately 24 km (15 mi) southwest of Gijón and 23 km (14 mi) southeast of Avilés, both of which lie on the shoreline of the Bay of Biscay. Oviedo's proximity to the ocean of less than 30 kilometres (19 mi) in combination with its elevated position with areas of the city more than 300 metres above sea level causes the city to have a maritime climate, even though it does not sit directly on the shore.
Eduruleni Manishi (1975 film)
Eduruleni Manishi (transl. The Man Without Opposition) is a 1975 Telugu-language action film directed by K. Bapayya. It stars N. T. Rama Rao and Vanisri, with music composed by K. V. Mahadevan. This film is the debut of Aswini Dutt's Vyjayanthi Movies banner in the film industry. It is a remake of the Hindi film Johny Mera Naam (1970). The film's title was later used as the title of Rama Rao's memoir, by his wife Lakshmi Parvathi.

Lakshmi Parvathi
Lakshmi Parvathi (born 14 September 1955) is an Indian politician from the state of Andhra Pradesh and widow of N. T. Rama Rao. She was previously married to a harikatha artist Veeragandham Venkata Subba Rao. Later, she separated from him and started living together with Rama Rao who officially married her in 1993.
Farma (Croatian TV series) season 5
The fifth season of the Croatian reality television series Farma premiered on 4 September 2016 on Nova TV and featured 18 new farmers. Mia Kovačić and Dušan Bućan returned as hosts, while Josip Tučkorić - Joža returned as mentor. The format was similar to that of the previous season. The season concluded on 23 December 2016 when Goran Kaleb won the final duel against Josipa Tomljanović to win the grand prize 500,000kn and the title of Farma.

Farma (Croatian TV series)
Farma (English: The Farm) is a Croatian reality television series based on the Swedish format of The Farm. The series follows a group of participants living on a farm and competing for a cash prize in an elimination-based format.

Farma debuted on Nova TV on 9 March 2008 as the first HDTV program to be broadcast in Croatia. The series concluded its run on Nova TV on 30 December 2020 with the finale of the seventh season.

In May 2024, RTL announced a revival of Farma, which premiered on 19 May 2025 on RTL's streaming service Voyo.