hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carl Ribbe
Carl Heinrich Michael Ribbe (November 16, 1860, Berlin - August 27, 1934, Radebeul Dresden) was a German explorer and entomologist.

Carl Ribbe was an insect dealer in Berlin. He travelled widely in the South Seas, exploring Celebes, the Aru Islands, Ceram, Amboina, Key Island, Wumba-Inseln, the Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Shortland Island and "New Pomerania" (New Guinea). He also collected in Andalusia and Southern Spain. His private collection of Lycaenidae is in the Natural History Museum in Dresden.
Ribbe described many new species of  butterflies, including Graphium weiskei. He also collected and sold ethnographic material de:Ethnologisches Museum and published an ethnographical travelogue of his time in Solomon Islands. Carl followed the profession of his father, also entomologist, Heinrich Ribbe.

Graphium weiskei
Graphium weiskei, the purple spotted swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the swallowtail family; Papilionidae. It is found only in the highlands of New Guinea. These swallowtails live in elevations of 4,500 to 8,000 feet (1,400 to 2,400 m).

The name honours the collector Emil Weiske.
Puncak Borneo
Puncak Borneo is a federal constituency in Kuching Division (Bau District and Kuching District) and Serian Division (Tebedu District and Siburan District), Sarawak, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 2018.

The federal constituency was created in the 2018 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.

Kuching Division
Kuching Division (Malay: Bahagian Kuching) is one of the twelve administrative divisions in Sarawak, Malaysia. Formerly part of what was called the "First Division", it is the center and the starting point of modern Sarawak. Kuching Division has a total area of 4,559.5 km2 (1,760.4 sq mi).

Kuching Division consists of three administrative districts:

Kuching

Bau

Lundu

There is also two subdistricts which is available in Kuching Division:

Padawan

Sematan
Tammi Wilson
Tammi Wilson Uluinayau (born 29 September 1973) is a New Zealand former rugby union player. She represented the New Zealand women's national rugby union team, the Black Ferns, at the 1998 and 2002 Women's Rugby World Cup.

Wilson was born in Christchurch and was the only girl in a family of two. She attended Hato Hohepa Maori Girls College and Auckland Girls' Grammar School. She has a master's degree from Auckland University of Technology. She had previously represented New Zealand in touch and Sevens and rugby league before making the Black Ferns.

Wilson was a member of the first official New Zealand women's sevens team, who took part in the 2000 Hong Kong Sevens. In 2001, she played in the two test series for the Black Ferns against England.

Wilson also played Rugby League for New Zealand in 1995, playing in the inaugural Test Match series against Australia.

England women's national rugby union team
The England women's national rugby union team, commonly known as the Red Roses, represents England in women's international rugby union. They compete in the annual Women's Six Nations Championship with France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. England have won the championship on a total of 21 out of 30 occasions  – winning the Grand Slam 19 times and the Triple Crown 25 times – making them the most successful side in the tournament's history. They have won the Women's Rugby World Cup on three occasions (1994, 2014, and 2025), and have been runners-up on six other occasions. Their current permanent head coach, as of October 2023, is John Mitchell. They currently hold the longest ever winning streak in rugby, of 33 consecutive games as of the 2025 World Cup final.
Deepwater Horizon explosion
On April 20, 2010, an explosion and fire occurred on the Deepwater Horizon semi-submersible mobile offshore drilling unit, which was owned and operated by Transocean and drilling for BP in the Macondo Prospect oil field about 40 miles (64 km) southeast off the Louisiana coast. The explosion and subsequent fire resulted in the sinking of the Deepwater Horizon and the deaths of 11 workers; 17 others were injured. The same blowout that caused the explosion also caused an oil well fire and a massive offshore oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, considered the largest accidental marine oil spill of all time, and the largest environmental disaster in United States history.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Schmalkalden-Meiningen
Schmalkalden-Meiningen is a Landkreis in the southwest of Thuringia, Germany. Its neighboring districts are (from the northwest clockwise) the districts Wartburgkreis, Gotha, Ilm-Kreis, the district-free city Suhl, the district Hildburghausen, the Bavarian district Rhön-Grabfeld, and the district Fulda in Hesse.

Saxe-Meiningen
Saxe-Meiningen (/ˌsæks ˈmaɪnɪŋən/ SAKS MY-ning-ən; German: Sachsen-Meiningen [ˌzaksn̩ ˈmaɪnɪŋən]) was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin, located in the southwest of the present-day German state of Thuringia.

Established in 1681, by partition of the Ernestine Duchy of Saxe-Gotha among the seven sons of deceased Duke Ernest the Pious, the Saxe-Meiningen line of the House of Wettin lasted until the end of the German monarchies in 1918.
Justice, My Foot!
Justice, My Foot!  (Chinese: 審死官) is a 1992 Hong Kong comedy film directed by Johnnie To, starring Stephen Chow, Anita Mui and Ng Man Tat.

The film is set in the Qing dynasty and the protagonist is a litigation master, but his work is portrayed more similarly to a Hong Kong lawyer. The movie is based on the book Four Scholars.

Johnnie To
Johnnie To Kei-fung (born 22 April 1955) is a Hong Kong filmmaker. A prolific and versatile filmmaker, To is best known for his action and crime movies, including The Mission (1999), PTU (2003), Breaking News (2004), Election (2005), Election 2 and Exiled (both 2006), and Drug War (2012).

His films, often made in collaboration with the same group of actors, screenwriters and cinematographers, frequently explore themes of friendship, fate and the changing face of Hong Kong society. To co-founded the production company Milkyway Image with his frequent co-director Wai Ka-fai.
Irishtown, Dublin
Irishtown (Irish: An Baile Gaelach) is an inner suburb of Dublin, Ireland. It is situated on the southside of the River Liffey, between Ringsend to the north and Sandymount to the south, and is to the east of the River Dodder.

Southside, Dublin
The Southside (Irish: Taobh Ó Dheas) is the part of Dublin city that lies south of the River Liffey. It is an informal but commonly used term. In comparison to the city's Northside, it has historically been regarded as wealthier and more privileged, with several notable exceptions. Malahide, one of the wealthiest areas in Ireland, is on the Northside, for example, whereas low-income districts such as Jobstown and Sallynoggin are part of the Southside.
Urbonas
Urbonas is a Lithuanian language masculine given name and surname. It corresponds to the surname Urban

Notable people with the surname include:

Gediminas Urbonas, artist and MIT professor, awarded the Lithuanian National Prize for Culture and Arts in 2007

Julijonas Urbonas, artist, perhaps best known as the designer of the Euthanasia Coaster, a hypothetical roller coaster engineered to humanely take the life of a human being

Michael J. Urbonas (died 1976), American Roman Catholic clergyman

Rolandas Urbonas, Lithuanian paralympic athlete

Valdas Urbonas (born 1967), Lithuanian footballer

Žydrūnas Urbonas (born 1976), Lithuanian basketball player

Euthanasia Coaster
The Euthanasia Coaster is a hypothetical steel roller coaster and euthanasia device designed with the sole purpose of killing its passengers. The concept was conceived in 2010 and made into a scale model by Lithuanian artist Julijonas Urbonas, a PhD candidate at the Royal College of Art in London.

Urbonas, who had formerly been an amusement park employee, stated that the goal of his concept roller coaster is to take lives "with elegance and euphoria", either for euthanasia or execution purposes. John Allen, who had been the president of the Philadelphia Toboggan Company, inspired Urbonas with his description of the "ultimate" roller coaster as one that "sends out 24 people and they all come back dead".
Nichols Farms Historic District
Nichols Farms is a historic area within the town of Trumbull, Connecticut.  The Nichols Farms Historic District, which encompasses part of the area, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Originally home to the Paugusset people, the Nichols area was colonized by the English during the Great Migration of the 1630s as a part of the coastal settlement of Stratford. The first English settlements followed soon after settlement of the mother-town in 1639.

The area was governed by Stratford for eighty six years before a separate village was organized in 1725. Hence, all of Nichols Farms early public records are intermingled with and identified as Stratford records.

The early English settlers named Nichols after the family who maintained a large farm in its center. It was first organized as the village of Unity in 1725. The village of Unity (later called North Stratford) continued for seventy-two years before the privileges of a town were granted in 1797.

Puritan migration to New England (1620–1640)
The Puritan migration to New England took place from 1620 to 1640, and declined sharply thereafter. The term "Great Migration" can refer to the migration in the period of English Puritans to the New England Colonies, starting with Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony. They came in family groups rather than as isolated individuals and were mainly motivated by freedom to practice their beliefs. The Migration primarily came from East Anglia and Lincolnshire, where John Cotton's teachings were most received in England.
Jules Molle
Jules Molle (16 February 1868, Aubenas - 8 January 1931) was a Fascist French Algerian politician.
He was the founder of the Unions latines political party, the mayor of Oran and the publisher of an Anti-Jewish newspaper, Le Petit Oranais, which ran for years with a swastika on its front and openly called for violence and persecution against Algerian Jews. His victory in the 1921 mayoral election was followed by street violence against Jews. After he was arrested in the year 1925 on charges of incitement to violence, pro-Molle rioters attacked and pillaged the Jewish quarter in Oran. By the time army forces had quelled the violence, two Jews had been killed and fifty wounded. Molle died from a heart failure in 1931.

Incitement
In criminal law, incitement is the encouragement of another person to commit a crime. Depending on the jurisdiction, some or all types of incitement may be illegal. Where illegal, it is known as an inchoate offense, where harm is intended but may or may not have actually occurred.
Chatino Sign Language
San Juan Quiahije Chatino Sign Language (Spanish: Lengua de señas chatina de San Juan Quiahije, also known as Cha'ya') is an emerging village sign language of the indigenous Chatino villages of San Juan Quiahije and Cieneguilla in Oaxaca, Mexico, used by both the deaf and some of the hearing population. It is apparently unrelated to Mexican Sign Language. As of 2014, there is a National Science Foundation-funded study and also a National Institutes of Health-funded study of the development of this language.

Non-signing hearing people in the village use various gestures for negation when speaking, and these are retained in Chatino Sign Language.  The variability of these signs may be due to the small size of the deaf population in comparison to the number of hearing people who use them as co-speech gestures.

San Juan Quiahije
San Juan Quiahije is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. It is part of the Juquila District in the centre of the Costa Region. The origin of the name Quiahije is not known, some people conjecture it might mean "Stone Forest" in the Zapotec language.
Counterfeit (song)
"Counterfeit" is the debut single by American nu metal band Limp Bizkit, released on August 26, 1997. It is from their debut studio album, Three Dollar Bill, Y'all (1997). Notable for showcasing guitarist Wes Borland's experimental playing style, the song was written by Borland, DJ Lethal, Fred Durst, John Otto and Sam Rivers as a response to local bands that copied Limp Bizkit's style.

"Counterfeit" was the subject of controversy when Interscope Records paid a Portland radio station to play the song fifty times as a paid advertising, sparking payola accusations and criticism of the band and label. In 1999, the song was reissued as another single under the title "Counterfeit Countdown". It also appears on multiple compilations.

In 2022, Eli Enis of Revolver included the song in his list of the "10 Heaviest Nu-Metal Songs of All Time".

DJ Lethal
Leor Dimant (Latvian: Leors Dimants, Russian: Леор Григорьевич Димант, [lʲɪˈor grʲɪˈɡorʲjɪvʲɪd͡ʑ‿dʲɪˈmant]; born December 18, 1972), better known as DJ Lethal, is a Latvian-American DJ, musician, and record producer, best known as a member of the groups House of Pain and Limp Bizkit.
Guilty by Affiliation
Guilty by Affiliation is the third-solo studio album by American rapper WC. It was released on August 14, 2007 via Lench Mob Records. Production was handled by Hallway Productionz, Emile, D-Mac, Jelly Roll, Laylaw, Mr. Porter, Nottz, Rick Rock, The Legendary Traxster, and Ice Cube, who served as co-producer and executive producer. It features guest appearances from Ice Cube, Butch Cassidy, Snoop Dogg and The Game. The album peaked at number 49 on the Billboard 200, at number six on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and at number five on the Top Rap Albums in the United States. The song "This Is Los Angeles" was used in David Ayer's 2008 film Street Kings.

Street Kings
Street Kings is a 2008 American action thriller film directed by David Ayer, and starring Keanu Reeves, Forest Whitaker, Hugh Laurie, Chris Evans, Common and The Game. The initial screenplay drafts were written by James Ellroy in the late 1990s under the title The Night Watchman.

The film was released in theaters on April 11, 2008, and was followed by a direct-to-video stand-alone sequel Street Kings 2: Motor City in 2011, with Clifton Powell returning as a corrupt cop.
Norman Wilkinson (stage designer)
Norman Wilkinson (8 August 1882 in Handsworth Wood – 14 February 1934 in London) was an English stage designer.

He was educated at the New School and the Birmingham School of Art.

Wilkinson designed scenery and costumes for Granville Barker at the Duke of York's Theatre and the Savoy Theatre.  In the Savoy production of A Midsummer Night's Dream, his costumes for the fairies included gilded faces and wigs, a choice which received some criticism.  He also did work for the Phoenix Society.

He referred to himself as "Norman Wilkinson of Four Oaks" to distinguish himself from the artist Norman Wilkinson.  When he died, on 15 February 1934, some newspapers reported that it was the artist who had died.

Abbotsholme School
Abbotsholme School is a co-educational private boarding and day school. The school is situated on a 140-acre campus on the banks of the River Dove in Derbyshire, England near the county border and the village of Rocester in Staffordshire. It is a member of the Society of Heads (formerly Society of Headmasters & Headmistresses of Independent Schools) and is a founding member of the Round Square conference of schools.
56th Bodil Awards
The 56th Bodil Awards were held on 2 March 2003 in the Imperial Cinema in Copenhagen, Denmark, honouring the best national and foreign films of 2002. Susanne Bier's Open Hearts took three awards, winning Best Danish Film as well as the awards for Best leading Actor Actress which went to Nikolaj Lie Kaas and Paprika Steen respectively. Paprika Steen also won the award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her performance in Okay, while Jens Albinus won Best Actor in a Leading Role. The David Lynch film Mulholland Drive was named Best American Film and Almodovar's Talk to Her the Best Non-American Film. Kim Fupz Aakeson, Anders Thomas Jensen and Mogens Rukov collectively received a Bodil Honorary Award for their work as screenwriters.

Wilbur Wants to Kill Himself
Wilbur Wants to Kill Himself is a 2002 Danish-Scottish drama film directed by Lone Scherfig and starring Jamie Sives, Adrian Rawlins, Shirley Henderson, Lisa McKinlay, Mads Mikkelsen, and Julia Davis. Harbour and his suicidal brother, Wilbur, inherit their father's secondhand bookshop in their native Glasgow. Their lives become entangled with a woman called Alice and her young daughter, Mary, after the two visit the shop. Idealistic Mary captures Wilbur's heart, and may be able to help save his life or help him find peace.
Maggie Michael (journalist)
Maggie Michael is an Egyptian journalist. She won the 2019 Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting as part of an Associated Press (AP) team that covered the effects of the Yemen Civil War. She shared the award with Maad al-Zikry and Nariman El-Mofty. Michael, born 1979, began working for the AP in 2002 and worked to cover conflicts in the Middle East.

2019 Pulitzer Prize
The 2019 Pulitzer Prizes were awarded by the Pulitzer Prize Board for work during the 2018 calendar year. Prize winners and nominated finalists were announced by administrator Dana Canedy at 3:00 p.m. EST on April 15, 2019.

The Washington Post won two prizes, as did The New York Times; The Wall Street Journal won one; and the Sun-Sentinel won its second Pulitzer for Public Service.
Eucephalus gormanii
Eucephalus gormanii is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Gorman’s aster. It grows on rocky slopes and on cliffs at high elevations in the Cascade Mountains of the US State of Oregon.

Eucephalus gormanii is a perennial herb up to 40 cm (16 inches) tall, with short rhizomes and a woody caudex. Stems are hairless. One plant will usually produce 2-5 flower heads per stem. Each head has 5-13 white ray florets surrounding numerous yellow  disc florets.

Caudex
A caudex (pl.: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In the strict sense of the term, meaning a stem, "caudex" is most often used with plants that have a different stem morphology from the typical angiosperm dicotyledon stem; examples include palms, ferns, and cycads. The largest of all caudices is that of the ombu (Phytolacca dioica) of the Pampas of South America, which can reach up to 14 metres girth.

The related term caudiciform, literally meaning stem-like, is sometimes used to mean pachycaul, thick-stemmed. Caudices should not be confused with lignotubers which can also be very large.
Renaissance Child
Renaissance Child is the second solo studio album by American rapper Hell Razah. It was released on February 20, 2007, through Nature Sounds. Recording sessions took place at Chung King Studios in New York. Production was handled by Bronze Nazareth, Dirty Needlez, Krohme, 4th Disciple, Dev 1, DJ Battle, Fabrizio Sotti, Fokis, Jordan River Banks, MF Doom, Shuko and Smokeshop Productions, with Amal McCaskill and Hell Razah serving as executive producers. It features guest appearances from The Maccabeez, Bronze Nazareth, Ras Kass, R.A. the Rugged Man, Talib Kweli, Tragedy Khadafi and Viktor Vaughn.

The track "Renaissance" was originally released on the Nature Sounds compilation album Natural Selection. The album's lead single "Buried Alive" b/w "Project Jazz" was dropped on March 6, 2007. The album has moved 4,506 units.

Chung King Studios
Chung King Studios was a recording studio that operated in New York City under that name from 1986 to 2015. It was founded by producer John King and engineer Steve Ett with financial backing from the Etches brothers, occupying three locations during that era. Countless notable hip hop acts recorded music at Chung King Studios over the years, including Run-DMC, LL Cool J, Beastie Boys, Public Enemy, Busta Rhymes, Notorious B.I.G., Tupac Shakur, Lauryn Hill, Outkast, ODB, Method Man, Nas, Jay-Z, Hell Razah, Lil Wayne, and Kanye West. The studio became one of the most important recording spaces in the history of hip hop, pioneering commercial production of rap music. Beyond hip hop, notable groups like Aerosmith, Amy Winehouse, Beyoncé, Blondie, David Bowie, Depeche Mode, Destiny's Child, Fergie, Lady Gaga, Maxwell, Moby and Phish also recorded there.
Dylan Robinson
Dylan Robinson is a xwélmexw (Stó:lō/Skwah) artist, curator and writer. He is an Associate Professor at the University of British Columbia's School of Music.

His "research focuses on the sensory politics of Indigenous activism and the arts, and questions how Indigenous rights and settler colonialism are embodied and spatialized in public space."

Robinson was the Canada Research Chair in Indigenous Arts and the co-chair of the Indigenous Advisory Council for the Canadian Music Centre.

American Musicological Society
The American Musicological Society (AMS) is a musicological organization which researches, promotes and produces publications on music. Founded in 1934, the AMS was begun by leading American musicologists of the time, and was crucial in legitimizing musicology as a scholarly discipline.

At present, approximately 3000 individual members from forty nations are a part of the Society. Since 1948, the AMS has published the triannual Journal of the American Musicological Society.
Maryamin, Afrin
Maryamin (Arabic: مريمين, also spelled Mariamein, Maryamayn, Mreimin Afrin or Maryamayn Afrin) is a village in northwestern Aleppo Governorate northwestern Syria. Administratively, the village belongs to Nahiya Afrin in Afrin District. Nearby localities include Jalbul to the south, Afrin to the west, Qatma to the north and A'zaz to the east. In the 2004 census, Maryamin had a population of 810. The village is inhabited by Turkmen.

Maryamin was noted as "a celebrated village of Aleppo inhabited by Turkomans" by the 13th-century Syrian geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi.

Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab, [muˈħaːfaðˤat ˈħalab]; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Helebê) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of the total population of Syria. The governorate is the fifth in area with an area of 18,482 km2 (7,136 sq mi), or 18,498 square kilometres (7,142 sq mi)2, about 10% of the total area of Syria. The capital is the city of Aleppo.