hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 Asia Rugby Championship division tournaments
The 2019 Asia Rugby Championship division tournaments refers to the divisions played within the annual international rugby union tournament for the Asian region. The Asia Rugby Championship (ARC) replaced the Asian Five Nations tournament in 2015. The main tournament is now contested by the top three teams in Asia. The other national teams in Asia compete in three divisions.

Asia Rugby Championship
The Asia Rugby Championship, or ARC, is an annual rugby union competition held amongst national rugby sides within the Asia Rugby region. The competition was originally known as the Asian Rugby Football Tournament when founded in 1969, and was called the Asian Five Nations from 2008 to 2014.

The winner of the competition's top division is recognised as the rugby champion of Asia. The top division, sometimes referred to as the Tri Nations, includes the top three Asian teams each season. Division 1 includes the next four teams and Division 2 includes the next four. Division three is  further divided geographically, with each of the West, East and South Central divisions including three teams.

Japan is the most successful team, securing 25 out of a possible 30 titles since 1969. They have not participated in the series since 2017.
Hassan Niknafs
Hassan Niknafs is an Iranian Azerbaijani mechanical engineer and academic administrator. He became president of Khazar University in 2015. Niknafs was dean of the school of engineering and applied sciences at Khazar University from 2013 to 2015.

Iranian Azerbaijanis
Iranian Azerbaijanis are a Turkic ethnic group native to the Iranian Azerbaijan region (including provinces of East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan and West Azerbaijan). They also live in smaller numbers in other provinces, such as Kurdistan, Qazvin, Hamadan, Gilan, Markazi and Kermanshah. Iranian Azerbaijanis constitute the largest ethnic minority in Iran and make up significant minorities in Tehran, Karaj, and elsewhere in Iran. Most Iranian Azerbaijanis are bilingual in Azerbaijani and Persian.
H. Rap Brown
Jamil Abdullah al-Amin (born Hubert Gerold Brown; October 4, 1943 – November 23, 2025) was an American Muslim cleric who was the fifth chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in the 1960s. Best known as H. Rap Brown, he served as the Black Panther Party's minister of justice during a short-lived (six months) alliance between SNCC and the Black Panther Party.

Brown was perhaps known for his proclamations during that period, such as, "Violence is as American as cherry pie", and, "If America don't come around, we're gonna burn it down." He was also known for his autobiography, Die Nigger Die! He served a life sentence for murder following the shooting of two Fulton County, Georgia, sheriff's deputies in 2000.

Gloria Richardson
Gloria Richardson Dandridge (born Gloria St. Clair Hayes; May 6, 1922 – July 15, 2021) was an American civil rights activist best known as the leader of the Cambridge movement, a civil rights action in the early 1960s in Cambridge, Maryland, on the Eastern Shore. Recognized as a major figure in the Civil Rights Movement, she was one of the signatories to "The Treaty of Cambridge", signed in July 1963 with Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, and state and local officials. It was an effort at reconciliation and commitment to change after a riot the month before.

At the August 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, Richardson and five other women were honored by being seated on the stage at the Lincoln Memorial, but none of the women were invited to speak to the crowd. The next year Richardson moved to New York City, where she worked locally in Harlem on civil rights and economic development.
2004 Fed Cup
The 2004 Fed Cup was the 42nd edition of the most important competition between national teams in women's tennis.

The final was held at the Ice Palace Krylatskoye in Moscow, Russia, on 27–28 November. The home team Russia defeated the defending champion France to win their first title after five final appearances.

Porto Seguro
Porto Seguro (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpoʁtu siˈɡuɾu], Safe Harbor in English), is a city located in the far south of Bahia, Brazil. The city has an estimated population of 150,658 (2020), covers 2,287 square kilometres (883 sq mi), and has a population density of 52.7 residents per square kilometer. The area that includes Porto Seguro and neighbouring Santa Cruz Cabrália and Eunápolis holds a distinctive place in Brazilian history: in 1500 it was the first landing point of Portuguese navigators, principally Pedro Álvares Cabral.
Bradshaw, Virginia
Bradshaw is an unincorporated community in the northern sections of Montgomery and Roanoke counties in the U.S. state of Virginia.  Bradshaw occupies a narrow valley between the north slope of Fort Lewis Mountain and the south slope of Catawba Mountain.

Bradshaw is bisected by State Route 622, known as Bradshaw Road, which runs from State Route 311 at Masons Cove in Roanoke County to North Fork Road at Ironto in Montgomery County.  A portion of the road passes alongside the Havens Wildlife Management Area of the Virginia Department of Games and Inland Fisheries.  The regional landfill for the Roanoke Valley is located in Bradshaw.  Refuse is delivered to the landfill once per day by a special train operated by Norfolk Southern instead of by truck over Bradshaw Road.

The Montgomery County portion of Bradshaw is part of the Blacksburg-Christiansburg metropolitan area, while the Roanoke County portion is part of the Roanoke metropolitan area.

Roanoke Valley
The Roanoke Valley (/ˈroʊ.əˌnoʊk/ ROH-ə-nohk) in southwest Virginia is an area adjacent to and including the Roanoke River between the Blue Ridge Mountains to the east and the Appalachian Plateau to the west. The valley includes much of Roanoke County, as well as the two independent cities of Roanoke and Salem.
Arhat Hall
The Arhat Hall is a building in East Asian Buddhist temples dedicated to the veneration of the Arhats (Sanskrit: Arhat; Pali: Arahant), who are enlightened disciples of the Buddha. It serves as spaces for contemplation on the Buddha's teachings and the diverse paths to enlightenment. The life-sized statues of Arhats within these halls are renowned for their vivid, individualized expressions and poses, depicting a range of human emotions and spiritual states. They are typically named the Luohan tang in Chinese Buddhist temples, the Rakan-dō in Japanese Buddhist temples, the Nahan-jeon in Korean Buddhist temples, and La Hán Đường in Vietnamese Buddhist temples.

Buddhism in Japan
Buddhism was first established in Japan in the 6th century CE. Most of the Japanese Buddhists belong to new schools of Buddhism which were established in the Kamakura period (1185－1333). During the Edo period (1603–1868), Buddhism was controlled by the feudal Shogunate. The Meiji period (1868–1912) saw a strong response against Buddhism, with persecution and a forced separation between Buddhism and Shinto (Shinbutsu bunri).

The largest sects of Japanese Buddhism are Pure Land Buddhism with 22 million believers, followed by Nichiren Buddhism with 10 million believers, Shingon Buddhism with 5.4 million, Zen Buddhism with 5.3 million, Tendai Buddhism with 2.8 million, and only about 700,000 for the six old schools established in the Nara period (710－794).
Sødring & Co.
Sødring & Co. was a Danish manufacturer of artificial mineral water and soft drinks based in Copenhagen, Denmark. The company was initially based in Rabeshave in Christianshavn, then at Kompagnistræde 20 from 1860 and finally at Østerbrogade 48 (now No. 70) in Østerbro from 1886. A branch in Aalborg was established in 1870 and from 1926 continued as an independent company under the name Sødring & Co.'sEftf.. The remainder of the company was in 1929 acquired by Rosenborg Brøndanstalt.

Østerbro
Østerbro (Danish pronunciation: [ˈøstɐˌpʁoˀ]) is one of the 10 official districts of Copenhagen Municipality, Denmark. It is located just north of the city centre, outside the old city gate Østerport which, after it was moved around 1700, used to be located close to present-day Østerport Station. From the beginning, Østerbro has been a wealthy district, and it remains one of the most affluent areas in Copenhagen.
Little Nightmares II
Little Nightmares II is a puzzle-platform horror adventure game developed by Tarsier Studios and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment. The story follows Mono, who must work together with Six, the protagonist from Little Nightmares, to survive the horrors of the Pale City and discover its dark secrets. The game was released for Google Stadia, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows and Xbox One on 11 February 2021. An upgraded version, titled Little Nightmares II: Enhanced Edition, was developed by Supermassive Games and released on 25 August 2021 for PlayStation 5, Windows and Xbox Series X/S.

Little Nightmares II received positive reviews upon release. Critics praised its graphics, atmosphere, and quality of life improvements, with some finding it superior to its predecessor. Within one month of release, the game had sold one million units worldwide. A sequel, Little Nightmares III, was released on 10 October 2025 by Supermassive Games.

Tarsier Studios
Tarsier Studios is a Swedish video game developer based in Malmö. The studio is most known for creating the first two Little Nightmares games in collaboration with publisher Bandai Namco Entertainment. They have finished work on a new game called Reanimal.
Lazar (armoured vehicle)
The Lazar is a family of 8×8 wheeled armored personnel carriers (APCs) and infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) developed by Serbian defense company Yugoimport SDPR. Designed for versatility in modern warfare, including anti-terrorism, peacekeeping, and conventional conflicts, the series emphasizes modularity and high mobility. The family, named after the Serbian medieval prince Lazar Hrebeljanović, includes three main variants: Lazar 1 (MRAP concept, unveiled in 2008), Lazar 2 (MRAV concept, unveiled in 2013), and Lazar 3 (armored personnel carrier and infantry fighting vehicle, introduced in 2017 and entered serial production in 2020).

Yugoimport SDPR
44°19′18″N 20°24′57″E﻿ / ﻿44.32167°N 20.41583°E﻿ / 44.32167; 20.41583

Yugoimport–SDPR (Serbian: Југоимпорт–СДПР, romanized: Jugoimport–SDPR) is a Serbian and formerly Yugoslav state-owned weapons manufacturer as well as intermediary for the import and export of defense-related equipment. It is headquartered in Belgrade, with production facilities in Velika Plana, Kuršumlija, Pančevo, and Uzići.
Thomas Howard (Manitoba politician)
Thomas Howard (1845 – July, 1903) was a political figure in Manitoba. He represented St Peters from 1871 to 1874 and St. Clements from 1874 to 1878 in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba.

He was born in Kingston, Ontario, the son of Dr. Henry Howard, and was educated in Montreal. Howard came to Manitoba as captain and paymaster with Wolseley's Red River Expeditionary Force in 1869. He served in the Manitoba cabinet as Minister of Agriculture, Minister of Public Works, Provincial Secretary and Provincial Treasurer. Howard was also secretary for the Board of Health for Manitoba and the North-West Territories, a founding member of the Winnipeg Board of Trade in 1873 and a director for the Manitoba and Northwestern Railway.

He was murdered during a visit to San Francisco in 1903.

St. Clements (electoral district)
St. Clements is a former provincial electoral district in Manitoba, Canada, which existed on two separate occasions. The original constituency was one of twenty-four established at the province's creation in 1870. It was eliminated through redistribution before the 1888 provincial election, but was restored for the 1914 election. The division was eliminated for the second time by redistribution prior to the 1958 election.

St. Clements was located to the northeast of Winnipeg. After its elimination, much of its territory was included in the new constituency of Brokenhead.
Robert B. Luckey
Robert Burneston Luckey (July 9, 1905 – September 9, 1974) was a decorated officer in the United States Marine Corps with the rank of lieutenant general. A veteran of several wars, Luckey completed his career as commanding general, Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic.

Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune (/ləˈʒɜːrn/ lə-ZHURN or /ləˈʒuːn/ lə-ZHOON) is a 246-square-mile (640 km2) United States military training facility in Jacksonville, North Carolina. Its 14 miles (23 km) of beaches make the base a major area for amphibious assault training, and its location between two deep-water ports (Wilmington and Morehead City) allows for fast deployments. The main base is supplemented by six satellite facilities: Marine Corps Air Station New River, Camp Geiger, Stone Bay, Courthouse Bay, Camp Johnson, and the Greater Sandy Run Training Area. The Marine Corps port facility is in Beaufort, at the southern tip of Radio Island (between the NC State Port in Morehead City, and the marine science laboratories on Pivers Island in Beaufort). It is occupied only during military port operations.
Gay Cowbourne
Gay Cowbourne is a former Canadian politician, who served on Toronto City Council, representing one of the two Scarborough East wards, between 2003 and 2006.

Originally from Liverpool, England, she moved to Canada in 1976 when her husband, an electrical engineer, got a job with Ontario Hydro. A teacher by training, she became an adult literacy instructor and community activist, and the president of the Centennial Community and Recreation Association. In the 2003 municipal election, Cowbourne successfully challenged Ron Moeser, who had represented the ward for fifteen years.

During her term, she chaired the mayor's Roundtable on Seniors. She also chaired the city's Language Equity and Literacy Working Group.

She chose not to run for re-election in 2006 and Moeser won the seat again.

Ontario Hydro
Ontario Hydro, established in 1906 as the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, was a publicly owned electricity utility in the Province of Ontario. It was formed to build transmission lines to supply municipal utilities with electricity generated by private companies already operating at Niagara Falls, and soon developed its own generation resources by buying private generation stations and becoming a major designer and builder of new stations. As most of the readily developed hydroelectric sites became exploited, the corporation expanded into building coal-fired generation and then nuclear-powered facilities. Renamed as "Ontario Hydro" in 1974, by the 1990s it had become one of the largest, fully integrated electricity corporations in North America.
Rolland E. Kidder
Rolland E. Kidder is an American politician and author from New York State.

Born in Jamestown, New York, Kidder served in the United States Navy during the Vietnam War. Kidder graduated from Houghton College and SUNY Buffalo Law School. He later served on the American Battle Monuments Commission and the National World War II Memorial Design Committee.

A Democrat, Kidder served four terms in the New York State Assembly, serving in the 181st, 182nd, 183rd, and 184th New York State Legislatures from January 8, 1975, to December 31, 1982.

183rd New York State Legislature
The 183rd New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 3, 1979, to December 31, 1980, during the fifth and sixth years of Hugh Carey's governorship, in Albany.
June Bronhill
June Mary Bronhill OBE (26 June 1929 – 24 January 2005), also known as June Gough, was an Australian coloratura soprano opera singer, performer and actress,

She was well known for light opera, operetta and musical theatre in London West End theatres and Australia as well as on the opera stage.

Coloratura soprano
A coloratura soprano (Italian: soprano di coloratura) is a type of operatic soprano voice that specializes in music that is distinguished by agile runs, leaps and trills.

The term coloratura refers to the elaborate ornamentation of a melody, which is a typical component of the music written for this voice. Within the coloratura category, there are roles written specifically for lighter voices known as lyric coloraturas and others for larger voices known as dramatic coloraturas. Categories within a certain vocal range are determined by the size, weight and color of the voice. Coloratura is particularly found in vocal music and especially in operatic singing of the 18th and 19th centuries.
Bagby (surname)
Bagby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Bagby (1973–2001), murdered by his former partner

Anne Luther Bagby (1859–1942), American Baptist missionary from Texas

Arthur P. Bagby (1795–1858), governor of Alabama

Arthur P. Bagby Jr. (1833–1921), American lawyer, editor, and Confederate general

Benjamin Bagby, American singer and composer

George Bagby (author) (1906–1985), American author

George Bagby (politician) (born 1937), American politician

George William Bagby (1828–1883), American librarian and writer

Hank Bagby (1922–1993), American jazz musician

Jim Bagby Jr. (1916–1988), American baseball player

Jim Bagby Sr. (1889–1954), American baseball player

John C. Bagby (1819–1896), U.S. Representative from Illinois

Lamont Bagby (born 1976), American politician

Larry Bagby (born 1974), American actor and musician

R. Michael Bagby, Canadian psychologist

Rachel Bagby (born 1956), American performance artist

Lamont Bagby
Lamont Bagby (born December 21, 1976) is an American politician of the Democratic Party. On November 3, 2015, he was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates, representing the 74th district, which includes Charles City County, parts of Henrico County and the city of Richmond. Bagby serves as the Chair of the Democratic Party of Virginia and Chair of the bicameral Virginia Legislative Black Caucus. He is a former member of the Henrico County School Board.

Bagby was the Democratic nominee in a special election to Virginia's 9th Senate district, which was vacated by Jennifer McClellan following her election to Congress. He won the election on March 28, 2023. He was sworn in on April 11, 2023. He will be eligible to run for re-election in the newly re-drawn 14th Senate district.
Howzzattt
Howzzattt!! is an Indian digital 2D animation series focusing on six children who enjoy the game of cricket. They call themselves the Gulab Nagar Junglees. Toonz Animation India developed the series in Trivandrum. The 13-episode series first aired on Disney XD India from 2012 to 2014 and then was syndicated on Discovery Kids India. It was developed by Renju Ramesh and produced by Rathan Sam George. P. Jayakumar was the executive producer.

Traditional animation
Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique in which each frame is drawn by hand. The technique was the dominant form of animation of the 20th century in the United States until there was a shift to computer animation in the industry, such as 3D computer animation. Despite this, the process remains commonly used primarily in the form of digital ink and paint for television and film, especially when outsourced.
Anabel Bosch
Ana Isabel "Anabel" Ramirez Bosch (January 25, 1976 – January 10, 2009) was a Filipina singer and poet who fronted several important Filipino rock bands.

Bosch's singing career started when she was in high school, when she became a regular at Club Dredd in Quezon City. She soon became a singer for Tropical Depression, a popular Filipino rock band in the late 1990s. She also sang for the rock bands Elektrikoolaid, Spy and Analog.

She was a member of the women's poetry movement "Romancing Venus", founded 2006 by Kooky Tuason, which spawned a spoken-word album and book.

Bosch was stricken with a brain aneurysm on New Year's Day 2009, and lapsed into unconsciousness. Her friends in the Filipino musical community staged various gigs and fundraising efforts to shoulder her medical expenses. She died on January 10, 2009.

Bosch was estranged from her husband, the stage and film actor Jamie Wilson. She has a daughter, Mishaela, from a previous relationship.

Club Dredd
Club Dredd (also known as Club Dredd Timog) is a night club that has been located in a number of locations in the Philippines. Since it opened in 1990, it has been influential in the Pinoy rock scene, and was considered a home by a number of bands that became the most popular recording acts in the Philippines in the 1990s.

Journalist Eric S. Caruncho included Club Dredd on his list of "movers and shakers in popular Filipino culture the past 32 years," published in 2017. His entry on Club Dredd read:

In the "alternative" rock era of the '90s, [Club Dredd on EDSA] (from its original site on Timog), Cubao, was the epicenter of the cultural revolt.
Harry Kraf
Harry Kraf (January 1, 1907 – December 22, 1989) was an American lawyer, judge, and Democratic politician from New York. Over the course of his career, he served in both the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, where he focused on issues such as traffic safety and air pollution. Later, he was elected to the New York City Civil Court, where he served until his retirement.

New York City Civil Court
The Civil Court of the City of New York is a civil court of the New York State Unified Court System in New York City that decides lawsuits involving claims for damages up to $50,000 and includes a small claims part (small claims court) for cases involving amounts up to $10,000 as well as a housing part (housing court) for landlord-tenant matters, and also handles other civil matters referred by the New York Supreme Court. The court has divisions by county (borough), but it is a single citywide court.

It handles about 25% of all the New York state and local courts' total filings. The court consists of 3 parts: Housing, Small Claims, and General Civil. The court's jurisdiction includes ejectment actions, replevin of personal property within monetary limits, equity jurisdiction limited to real property actions, real property actions such as partitions, foreclosures within monetary limits, and actions to rescind or reform a contract.
Surface ectoderm
The surface ectoderm, AKA external ectoderm, is one of the two early embryonic divisions of the ectoderm.
The other early division of the ectoderm is the neuroectoderm.

The surface ectoderm develops into the following structures:

Skin (only the epidermis; the dermis is derived from the mesoderm) (along with glands, hair, and nails)

The epithelium of the mouth and nasal cavity

The glands of the mouth and nasal cavity, namely the saliva glands and the mucosal glands

Tooth enamel (as a side note, dentin and dental pulp are formed from the ectomesenchyme, which is derived from the neuroectoderm (specifically neural crest cells, and it travels with mesenchymal cells)

The epithelium of the anterior pituitary gland

The lens, cornea, lacrimal gland, tarsal glands, and the conjunctiva of the eye

The apical ectodermal ridge, which induces the development of the limb buds of the embryo

Tooth enamel
Tooth enamel is one of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many animals, including some species of fish. It makes up the normally visible part of the tooth, covering the crown. The other major tissues are dentin, cementum, and dental pulp. It is a very hard, white to off-white, highly mineralised substance that acts as a barrier to protect the tooth but can become susceptible to degradation, especially by acids from food and drink. In rare circumstances enamel fails to form, leaving the underlying dentin exposed on the surface.