hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antoine-Alfred Marche
Antoine-Alfred Marche (15 February 1844, Boulogne-Billancourt  – 31 August 1898, Paris, France) was a French naturalist and explorer. He visited Africa, the Philippines and finally the Mariana Islands. He made collections of various artifacts. He made a large collection of bird specimens from the Marianas between 22 April 1887 and May 1889 and some of them included new avian species (such as the golden white-eye, a bird described by Émile Oustalet).

In 1887, Marche was awarded the Legion d'Honneur. In his later years, he worked as an archivist in Tunis.

Archivist
An archivist is an information professional who assesses, collects, organizes, preserves, maintains control over, and provides access to records and archives determined to have long-term value. The records that are maintained by an archivist can consist of a variety of forms, including but not limited to letters, diaries, logs, other personal documents, government documents, sound or picture recordings, digital files, or other physical objects.
Achim Mentzel
Achim Mentzel (15 July 1946 – 4 January 2016) was a German musician, television presenter and actor. He was best known for hosting his show Achims Hitparade from 1989 to 2006 and for his work with Oliver Kalkofe (Kalkofes Mattscheibe). He released 23 singles and seven albums between 1978 and 2010. He was a member of the cover band, Fritzens Dampferband (German: Fritzen's Steamboat Band), together with Nina Hagen. He appeared in the films The Legend of Paul and Paula (1973) and Der Wixxer (2004), and the television shows Das Amt and Leipzig Homicide.

Mentzel was born in Berlin. He was married four times and had eight children.

Mentzel died on 4 January 2016 in Cottbus, Brandenburg, aged 69. It is believed the cause was a heart attack or stroke.

Kalkofes Mattscheibe
Kalkofes Mattscheibe is a German satirical television show starring Oliver Kalkofe.

The show's title is a pun based upon the fact that the German word Mattscheibe can mean "television screen" as well as a "mental blackout". In it, Kalkofe shows clips from German TV and humorously comments on them or parodies them. In 1996 he was awarded the Adolf-Grimme-Preis for the show. After changing channels several times over the years, the show's current incarnation (entitled Kalkofes Mattscheibe Rekalked) is broadcast on Tele 5.

Kalkofe's Media Meltdown

For Deutsche Welle, Kalkofe has also picked up some international productions that he parodies in English.
Joyos de Tolosa
Joyos de Tolosa (probably late 13th century), whose first named is also spelled Joios, was a troubadour from Toulouse (also Toloza or Tholosa). He has left behind only one pastorela, "L'autr' ier el dous tems de Pascor", in which he names himself as the author. It is three coblas in length and mirrors the poem "Lantelm, qui·us onra ni·us acuoill" by Lanfranc Cigala in structure. Joyos' knight compains to the shepherdess (pastorela) of the mistreatment he receives at the hands of his lady (dompna).

Lanfranc Cigala
Lanfranc Cigala (or Cicala) (Italian: Lanfranco, Occitan: Lafranc; fl. 1235–1257) was a Genoese nobleman, knight, judge, and man of letters of the mid thirteenth century. He remains one of the most famous Occitan troubadours of Lombardy. Thirty-two of his poems survive, dealing with Crusading, heresy, papal power, peace in Christendom, and loyalty in love. Lanfranc represented a tradition of Italian, Occitan-language trovatori who berated the Papacy for its handling of the Crusades.

Lanfranc's surviving corpus consists of thirty-two poems, including seven cansos of courtly love; four religious cansos; three sirventes; two crusading songs; and one planh. Among the thirty works attributed to him are nine tensos composed with other troubadours: four with Simon Doria and one each with Jacme Grils, Guilleuma de Rosers, Lantelm, Rubaut, and an otherwise unknown "Guilhem".
Esterri de Cardós
Esterri de Cardós (Catalan pronunciation: [esˈtɛri ðe kaɾˈðos]) is a town and municipality in Pallars Sobirà county and the Alt Pirineu region, Catalonia. It has a population of 63 (register office, 2024) .

Alt Pirineu
Alt Pirineu (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈaɫ pi.ɾiˈnɛw]; English: Upper Pyrenees) is one of the nine regions (vegueries) of Catalonia.

Located in the north-west of Catalonia, specifically by the Pyrenees, it covers the higher mountain regions from the Aragon border to the Cerdanya. It is the second least populated region, with 63,892 inhabitants as of 2022.

It consists of the counties of Alta Ribagorça, Alt Urgell, Cerdanya, Pallars Jussà and Pallars Sobirà. Although the Aran Valley is officially not part of the region, as it has its own autonomous governing body, it is sometimes included under the name of Alt Pirineu i Aran (English: Upper Pyrenees and Aran; Aranese: Naut Pirenèu e Aran) for statistical purposes. Within Catalonia, it borders to the south with Ponent and Central Catalonia, and to the east with the Girona region.

Its de facto capital is La Seu d'Urgell, the most populous settlement, as a law has not set one yet.
Adrián Chacón
Adrian Chacón Muñoz (born 10 December 1988) is a Cuban track and field sprinter who competes in the 400 metres. He represented his country at the 2016 Rio Olympics. His personal best for the 400 m is 45.91 seconds, set in 2015.

Internationally, he competes mainly with the Cuban 4 × 400 metres relay team. He is a two-time participant at the IAAF World Relays and was a finalist at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics with William Collazo, Raidel Acea and Yoandys Lescay. Medals came with Collazo, Lescay and Osmaidel Pellicier at the 2015 NACAC Championships in Athletics and the Pan American Games. The quartet regrouped for the 2016 Olympic Games and placed sixth in the final with a time of 2:59.53 minutes.

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics were held during the last 10 days of the games, from 12 to 21 August 2016, at the Olympic Stadium. The sport of athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics was made into three distinct sets of events: track and field events, road running events, and racewalking events.
Maysor
Maysor (Kazakh and Russian: Майсор) is a salt lake in Bayanaul District, Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan.

There are important ancient burial grounds near the lake. Close to the southwest there is an open-air extraction site of sulphide ore and a sulphide plant. Maysor is located  85 kilometers (53 mi) to the west of Ekibastuz city. Bozshakol village lies 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) to the southwest.

Salt lake
A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water that has a concentration of salts (typically sodium chloride) and other dissolved minerals significantly higher than most lakes (often defined as at least three grams of salt per liter). In some cases, salt lakes have a higher concentration of salt than sea water; such lakes can also be termed hypersaline lake, and may also be pink lakes on account of their color. An alkalic salt lake that has a high content of carbonate is sometimes termed a soda lake.

Salt lakes are classified according to salinity levels. The formation of these lakes is influenced by processes such as evaporation and deposition. Salt lakes face serious conservation challenges due to climate change, pollution and water diversion.
IGF
IGF may stand for:

Insulin-like growth factor

Independent Games Festival

Internet Governance Forum

Identity Governance Framework

Inoki Genome Federation

International Golf Federation

International Genetics Federation

International Graphical Federation, a former global union federation

Israeli Ground Forces

International Go Federation

Induced gas flotation

Induced gas flotation
Induced gas flotation (IGF) is a water treatment process that clarifies wastewater (or other waters) by removing suspended matter such as oil or solids. The removal is achieved by injecting gas bubbles into the water or wastewater in a flotation tank or basin. The small bubbles adhere to the suspended matter causing the suspended matter to float to the surface of the water where it may then be removed by a skimming device.

Induced gas flotation is very widely used in treating the industrial wastewater effluents from oil refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants, natural gas processing plants and similar industrial facilities. A very similar process known as dissolved air flotation is also used for waste water treatment. Froth flotation is commonly used in the processing of mineral ores.

IGF units in the oil industry do not use air as the flotation medium due to the explosion risk. These IGF units use natural gas or nitrogen to create the bubbles.
The Banks of Sweet Dundee
The Banks of Sweet Dundee (Roud 148, Laws M25) is a folk song very popular with and frequently collected from traditional singers in Britain and Ireland, fairly common in North America, and also performed by revival singers and groups. A young woman escapes a forced marriage by shooting dead both the squire who is her intended husband and her uncle who attacks her.

The song is also known as The Farmer's Daughter and Undaunted Mary.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Dorothy Walton
Dorothy Louise Walton, CM, née McKenzie (7 August 1909 – 17 October 1981) was a Canadian badminton player who is the only Canadian ever to win the All England Open Badminton Championships, winning the Women's Singles in 1939.

Born in Swift Current, Saskatchewan, she was a founding member of the Consumers' Association of Canada and was its President from 1950 to 1953.

In 1973, she was made a Member of the Order of Canada, Canada's highest civilian honour. In 1961, she was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. In 1966, she was inducted into the Saskatchewan Sports Hall of Fame. In 1971, she was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame.

Swift Current
Swift Current is the sixth-largest city in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is situated along the Trans Canada Highway, 177 kilometres (110 mi) west of Moose Jaw, 223 kilometres (139 mi) east of Medicine Hat, Alberta, and 254 kilometres (158 mi) west of the provincial capital city, Regina. As of 2021, Swift Current has an estimated population of 16,750, a growth of 0.9% from the 2016 census population of 16,604. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Swift Current No. 137.
Kopaniny, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Kopaniny [kɔpaˈninɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Końskie, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) west of Końskie and 44 km (27 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Końskie County
Końskie County (Polish: powiat konecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Końskie, which lies 38 kilometres (24 mi) north of the regional capital Kielce. The only other town in the county is Stąporków, lying 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Końskie.

The county covers an area of 1,139.90 square kilometres (440.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 77,019, out of which the population of Końskie is 19,176, that of Stąporków is 5,639, and the rural population is 52,204.
Olga Bellin
Olga Bellin (born Olga Bielinska; August 17, 1933 – November 8, 1987), also known as Olga Winters, was a Polish-born American actress who worked primarily in theater and television, but is best known for her sole big screen credit, as Robert Duvall's co-star in the critically acclaimed Faulkner adaptation, Tomorrow. She also played Margaret Roper—née More, daughter of Paul Scofield's Thomas More–in the original Broadway production of A Man for All Seasons and played the lead in HB Studio's The House of Mirth, adapted from Edith Wharton's like-named novel.

Night Must Fall
Night Must Fall is a play, a psychological thriller, by Emlyn Williams, first performed in 1935. There have been four filmed adaptations: Night Must Fall (1937); a 1954 adaptation on the television anthology series Ponds Theater starring Terry Kilburn, Una O'Connor, and Evelyn Varden; a 1957 British television version; and Night Must Fall (1964).
Voto de Santiago
The Voto de Santiago was an offering rendered by the Christian kingdoms of Asturias, Galicia, León and Castille to Saint James and his cathedral at Santiago de Compostela in thanks for the saint's miraculous intervention, which they believed had enabled them to win the legendary battle of Clavijo against the Moors. The battle had resulted from his refusal to pay the  Tribute of 100 Damsels to the Emirate of Córdoba.

This was vowed to James before the battle by Ramiro I of Asturias in Calahorra, offering Saint James part of the booty taken from the Moors along with the first fruits and crops from each year's harvest as an ex voto. It was then paid for via a special tax. It was renewed and formalised by a national festival in 1643 for his feast day (25 July) by Philip IV of Spain. It was abolished in 1808 by the Bayonne Statute.

Kingdom of Castile
The Kingdom of Castile (/kæˈstiːl/; Spanish: Reino de Castilla: Latin: Regnum Castellae) was a polity in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. It traces its origins to the 9th-century County of Castile (Spanish: Condado de Castilla, Latin: Comitatus Castellae), as an eastern frontier lordship of the Kingdom of León. During the 10th century, the Castilian counts increased their autonomy, but it was not until 1065 that it was separated from the Kingdom of León and became a kingdom in its own right. Between 1072 and 1157, it was again united with León, and after 1230, the union became permanent.

Throughout that period, the Castilian kings made extensive conquests in southern Iberia at the expense of the Islamic principalities. The Kingdoms of Castile and of León, with their southern acquisitions, came to be known collectively as the Crown of Castile, a term that also came to encompass overseas expansion.
Vladimir Lipayev
Vladimir Georgyevich Lipayev (Russian: Владимир Георгиевич Липаев; born on 6 February 1959), is a Russian diplomat who has served as the ambassador to Romania since June 2024. He had served as the last ambassador to Estonia from 2021 to 2023.

In January 2023, he was declared persona non-grata by the Estonian government.

He was admitted to the Floreasca Hospital on the New Year’s Eve in 2024 to 2025.

Floreasca Hospital
Floreasca Hospital (Romanian: Spitalul Clinic de Urgență București Floreasca) is a major hospital located at 8 Calea Floreasca, Bucharest, Romania. The hospital is specialized in providing emergency medical care.
Fred Lonzo
Fred Lonzo (born August 26, 1950), also known as Freddie Lonzo, is a jazz trombonist.

Born in New Orleans, Louisiana, Lonzo is one of the most highly regarded practitioners of "tailgate" style traditional jazz trombone. His style is distinctly his own, but such influences as Kid Ory and Frog Joseph can be heard.

Lonzo has played with such brass bands as Doc Paulin's, the Imperial, Olympia, and Young Tuxedo.

Lonzo has played and recorded with such notables as Alvin Alcorn, Doc Cheatham, Evan Christopher, Lars Edegran, Bob French, Wynton Marsalis, Teddy Riley, Dr. Michael White, Wendell Brunious and Sammy Rimington.

In New Orleans, he regularly plays at such venues as Donna's, the Palm Court Jazz Cafe, and Preservation Hall.

Dixieland jazz
Dixieland jazz, also referred to as traditional jazz, hot jazz, or simply Dixieland, is a style of jazz based on the music that developed in New Orleans at the start of the 20th century. The 1917 recordings by the Original Dixieland Jass Band fostered awareness of this new style of music.
CoreFiling
CoreFiling Limited (trading as DecisionSoft Limited until 2009) is a private limited software house based in Oxford, UK. Its product-range enables creation, validation, search, filing and audit of XBRL/iXBRL documents. Its products are used by financial regulators and financial institutions. Its products are sold directly and through resellers including BDO International, Unit4, and IRIS Software. It is a member of the XBRL Consortium.

Consortium
A consortium (pl. consortiums or consortia) is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations, or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. Consortia are generally nonprofit with a goal to help its members improve their competitiveness in the specific field.

Consortium is a Latin word meaning "partnership", "association", or "society", and derives from consors ("shared in property"), itself from con- ("together") and sors ("fate").
Héctor Ricardo
Héctor Ricardo (10 February 1925 – 6 September 1989) was an Argentine footballer. He played in seven matches for the Argentina national football team in 1945. He was also part of Argentina's squad for the 1945 South American Championship.

1945 South American Championship
The eighteenth edition of the South American Championship was held in Santiago, Chile from 14 January to 28 February. This tournament was an extra edition, with no trophy handed to the winners, but considered official by CONMEBOL.

The participating countries were Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia (for the first time), Ecuador, and Uruguay. Paraguay and Peru withdrew from the tournament.
Trade item
A trade item is an item that is the subject of trade.  It is a term used primarily by people in supply chain management and logistic engineering. An often used term in the Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

Logistics engineering
Logistics engineering is a  field of engineering dedicated to the scientific organization of the purchase, transport, storage, distribution, and warehousing of materials and finished goods. Logistics engineering is a complex science that considers trade-offs in component/system design, repair capability, training, spares inventory, demand history, storage and distribution points, transportation methods, etc., to ensure the "thing" is where it's needed, when it's needed, and operating the way it's needed all at an acceptable cost.
Overton, Malpas
Overton is a former civil parish, now in the parish of Malpas, in the Cheshire West and Chester district and ceremonial county of Cheshire in England. In 2001 it had a population of 68. Overton was formerly a township in the parish of Malpas, in 1866 Overton became a separate civil parish, on 1 April 2015 the parish was abolished and merged with Malpas. It is the site of a deserted village, a scheduled monument, the sole remains of which are earthworks.

Abandoned village
An abandoned village is a village that has, for some reason, been deserted. In many countries, and throughout history, thousands of villages have been deserted for a variety of causes. Abandonment of villages is often related to epidemic, famine, war, climate change, economic depressions, environmental destruction, or deliberate clearances.
James Forbes (botanist)
James Forbes (May 1773  – 6 July 1861) was a British gardener and botanist.

Forbes was born in May 1773 in Bridgend, Perthshire. He was the gardener for the Duke of Bedford at Woburn Abbey. He became a member of the Linnean Society of London in 1832. He was the author of Salictum Woburnense (1829),  Hortus Woburnensis (1833), Journal of Horticultural Tour through Germany, Belgium and Part of France in... 1835 (1837) and Pinetum Woburnense (1839).

Sir William Jackson Hooker (1785 – 1865) named the species Oncidium forbesii (in the family of Orchidaceae) after him. Forbes became a member of the Royal Society on 24 March 1803.

Forbes died on 6 July 1681, at Woburn Abbey, Bedfordshire, aged 88.

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
Charles Hastings Collette
Charles Hastings Collette (1816–1901) was a British 19th-century solicitor and writer of Protestant popular controversialist apologetics. He was the father of actor Charles Henry Collette and the organizer of the Joseph Mendham library.  As a volunteer in the First Middlesex Artillery, he compiled a handbook for drill instruction.

His Novelties of Romanism, developed from a sermon, was translated into Spanish and, from Spanish, into Portuguese (under the translated name of Carlos Hastings Collette) and remains in print to this day.

Apologetics
Apologetics (from Ancient Greek  ἀπολογία (apología) 'speech in defense') is the religious discipline of  defending religious doctrines through systematic argumentation and discourse. Early Christian writers (c. 120–220) who defended their beliefs against critics and recommended their faith to outsiders were called Christian apologists. In 21st-century usage, apologetics is often identified with debates over religion and theology.
The Vagabonds (1937 film)
The Vagabonds (German: Die Landstreicher) is a 1937 German operetta film directed by Karel Lamac and starring Paul Hörbiger, Lucie Englisch and Gretl Theimer. It is an adaptation of the 1899 operetta of the same name by Carl Michael Ziehrer.

Location shooting took place around Lake Schliersee.

Carl Michael Ziehrer
Carl Michael Ziehrer (more rarely spelled Karl Michael Ziehrer) (2 May 1843 – 14 November 1922)  was an Austrian composer. In his lifetime, he was one of the fiercest rivals of the Strauss family; most notably Johann Strauss II and Eduard Strauss.
Thunderclouds (song)
"Thunderclouds" is a song by pop music supergroup LSD. It was released on August 9, 2018, by Columbia Records as the third single from LSD's eponymously named debut studio album, following "Genius" and "Audio". The song was written by Labrinth, Sia, Diplo, King Henry and Jr Blender, and produced by Labrinth, Diplo, and Jr Blender.

"Thunderclouds" was used as the main theme song for the Samsung Galaxy Note 9 phablet promotional campaign, being featured extensively in parts in the company's ads, as well as at the reveal event in New York on August 9, 2018.

Samsung Galaxy Note 9
The Samsung Galaxy Note 9 (stylized as Samsung Galaxy Note9) is an Android phablet smartphone developed, produced and marketed by Samsung Electronics as part of the Samsung Galaxy Note series. It was unveiled on 9 August 2018 at a Galaxy Unpacked event, as the successor to the Galaxy Note 8. It is available in six colors (Ocean Blue, Midnight Black, Lavender Purple, Metallic Copper, Cloud Silver, and Alpine White). It was succeeded by the Galaxy Note 10 on 8 August 2019.

Furthermore, it is the last Galaxy Note series phone to include a 3.5 mm headphone jack (except the Note 10 Lite).