hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Borredà
Borredà (Catalan pronunciation: [burəˈða]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Berguedà in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated in the upper valley of the Margençol river in the east of the comarca. There are several notable houses from the 17th and 18th centuries. The Romanesque church of Sant Sadurní de Rotgers, a protected historico-artistic monument, can be reached by a mountain track. The village is served by the C-149 road between Berga and Sant Quirze de Besora. The municipality surrounds an exclave of Les Llosses.

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Robert Light (civil servant)
Robert Light is a British civil servant and former Conservative Party politician who served as Leader of Kirklees Council between 2006 and 2009, and as a councillor for Birstall and Birkenshaw ward on Kirklees Council for over eighteen years between 2000 and 2018. Light also served as the first Chair of the Leeds City Region.

Light was the Head Commissioner for the Independent Commission on Civil Aviation Noise, and the Chair of the Consumer Council for Water.

Independent Commission on Civil Aviation Noise
The Independent Commission on Civil Aviation Noise (ICCAN) was an advisory non-departmental public body of the Government of the United Kingdom with responsibility for civil aviation noise, and how it affects communities.

The stated objectives of the commission were to "increase trust, transparency and clarity in the aviation noise debate", to "promote consistency, responsibility and accountability within the industry and beyond", and to establish its authority and credibility as a body. It was dissolved in September 2021.
Central Arc Thoroughfare
Central Arc Thoroughfare (Rus. Центральная дуговая магистраль) in Saint Petersburg, Russia, is a semicircular (reverse C-shaped) chain of streets, designed to connect two motorways to and from the city and bypassing downtown through centers of mass residential areas built up from the 1960s.

The two motorways connect the city with local seaside towns along the coast of the Gulf of Finland, Primorskoye Shosse motorway going along the north shore towards the town of Primorsk not far from Finland, and Petergofskoye Shosse following the south coast through the town of Peterhof. The motorways start from the northwest (Primorskoye) and southwest (Petergofskoye)  of the city respectively.

The Thoroughfare in its south often repeats the course of the frontline of the times of the 1941–44 Siege of Leningrad that divided Soviet troops from the troops of Nazi Germany and its satellite nations.

Gulf of Finland
The Gulf of Finland (Estonian: Soome laht; Finnish: Suomenlahti; Russian: Фи́нский зали́в, romanized: Finskiy zaliv; Swedish: Finska viken) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It extends between Finland to the north and Estonia to the south, to Saint Petersburg—the second largest city of Russia—to the east, where the river Neva drains into it. Other major cities around the gulf include Helsinki and Tallinn. The eastern parts of the gulf belong to Russia, and some of Russia's most important oil harbors are located there, including Primorsk. As the seaway to Saint Petersburg, the gulf is of considerable strategic importance to Russia. Some of the environmental problems affecting the Baltic Sea are at their most pronounced in the shallow gulf. Proposals for an undersea Helsinki–Tallinn Tunnel through the gulf have been made.
Jamie Harvey
Jamie Harvey (15 August 1955 – 4 September 2025) was a Scottish professional darts player, who competed in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) and British Darts Organisation (BDO) tournaments. Originally nicknamed “the Tartan Terror” he later used the nickname Bravedart for his matches – a play on the lead character from the film Braveheart. As darts began to introduce entrance tunes for its players during the 1990s, Harvey used to come to stage whilst the tune "The Bonnie Banks o' Loch Lomond" was played.

The Bonnie Banks o' Loch Lomond
"The Bonnie Banks o' Loch Lomond" (or "Loch Lomond") is a traditional Scottish folk song (Roud No. 9598). Its origins are thought to date to the Jacobite rising of 1745.

Loch Lomond is the largest Scottish loch. In Scots, "bonnie" means "fair" or "beautiful".
Flagstaff Hill, Tai Po
Flagstaff Hill is a hill in Tai Po, Hong Kong. It was the site of the British flag raising ceremony which marked the official British takeover of the New Territories. on 16 April 1899, after the British leased the New Territories in 1898. The Old Tai Po Police Station was built in 1899 at the site, It was the first police station and police headquarters in the New Territories. It operated as a police station until the new district police station of Tai Po started its service in 1987.

Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory
The Convention between the United Kingdom and China, Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory, commonly known as the Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory or the Second Convention of Peking, was a lease and unequal treaty signed between Qing China and the United Kingdom in Peking on 9 June 1898, leasing to the United Kingdom for 99 years, at no charge, the New Territories (as the area became known) and New Kowloon, including 235 islands.
Hartshill Hayes Country Park
Hartshill Hayes Country Park is a country park located immediately west of the village of Hartshill in northern Warwickshire, England in between the towns of Nuneaton and Atherstone. The park covers  137 acres (55 ha) of woodland, and is run by Warwickshire County Council. The park is traversed by footpaths. It is on a hilltop location, and views can be enjoyed over the surrounding countryside.

Within the park is a Memorial for Road Traffic Victims in Warwickshire.

Atherstone
Atherstone /ˈæðərstən/ is a market town and civil parish in the North Warwickshire district of Warwickshire, England. Located in the far north of the county, Atherstone is on the A5 national route, and is adjacent to the border with Leicestershire which is here formed by the River Anker. It is situated between the larger towns of Tamworth and Nuneaton. Atherstone is the administrative centre of the North Warwickshire district, with the offices of North Warwickshire Borough Council located in the town.

Atherstone has had its own local tradition of holding an annual Shrove Tuesday Ball Game in the streets, which has been played annually for over 800 years since 1199.

In the 2021 census the population of the civil parish of Atherstone was at 9,212. The population of the larger built-up area which includes the adjoining village of Mancetter was 11,259.
United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
The United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) is a United Nations committee whose main task is to review and foster international cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space, as well as to consider legal issues arising from the exploration of outer space.

The committee currently has 104 members who meet annually in Vienna, Austria at the Vienna International Centre in June. Additionally, the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee tends to meet in February, while the Legal Subcommittee usually meets in April.

Vienna International Centre
The Vienna International Centre (VIC) is the campus and building complex hosting the United Nations Office at Vienna (UNOV; in Austrian German: Büro der Vereinten Nationen in Wien). The complex encompassing the Vienna International Centre and the Austria Center Vienna (ACV) convention center is colloquially known as UNO City.
Volano
Volano is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,851 and an area of 10.8 square kilometres (4.2 mi2).

Volano borders the following municipalities: Calliano, Pomarolo, Nomi and Rovereto.

Municipalities of Trentino
This is a list of the 166 municipalities (comuni/gemeinden) of the autonomous province of Trentino in the autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol in Italy. Some municipalities have a second official language such as German (Cimbrian and Mócheno) and Ladin. Most German names of municipalities however are historical apart from the previously mentioned communities. The Ladin variety of the Fassa Valley is currently the only officially recognized one, in contrast to the varieties of Non and Sole Valley).
John Young (stage actor)
John Young was an English stage actor of the seventeenth century. He was a member of the Duke's Company during the Restoration Era, appearing at Lincoln's Inn Fields and then at the Dorset Garden Theatre when the company relocated. Not much is known about his background. He was repeatedly in debt during his acting career. In 1667 he stood in for Thomas Betterton after he fell ill during the run of Macbeth appearing as the title role. The diarist Samuel Pepys described him as "a bad actor at best".

Samuel Pepys
Samuel Pepys FRS (/ˈpiːps/ PEEPS; 23 February 1633 – 26 May 1703) was an English writer and Tory politician. He served as an official in the Navy Board and Member of Parliament, but is most remembered today for the diary he kept for almost a decade. Though he had no maritime experience, Pepys rose to be the Chief Secretary to the Admiralty under both Charles II and James II through patronage, diligence, and his talent for administration. His influence and reforms at the English Admiralty were important in the early professionalisation of the Royal Navy.

The detailed private diary that Pepys kept from 1660 until 1669 was first published in the 19th century and is one of the most important primary sources of the Stuart Restoration. It provides a combination of personal revelation and eyewitness accounts of great events, such as the Great Plague of London, the Second Anglo-Dutch War and the Great Fire of London.
A New Treatise on Aids to Administration
A New Treatise on Aids to Administration or A New Treatise on Political Counsel (simplified Chinese: 资政新篇; traditional Chinese: 資政新篇), also called New Treatise on Government, was a pro-modernisation proposal written by Hong Rengan to Hong Xiuquan when he arrived in Tianjing in the ninth year of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (1859).

A New Treatise on Aids to Administration was a blueprint of modernization for the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In his book, Hong proposed a program for China's economic modernization, including the construction of railroads and ships, the establishment of banks, patents, currency, public welfare institutions and hospitals, and so forth.

Regarding the sources that contributed to Hong's book, many scholars have pointed  out the influence of missionaries' Chinese newspapers and  periodicals.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
Gebhart
Gebhart is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Frederick Gebhart (1891–1942), American actor

Émile Gebhart (1839–1908), French academic and writer

Timo Gebhart (born 1989), German footballer

Thomas Gebhart (born 1971), German politician

Émile Gebhart
Émile Gebhart (19 July 1839, Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle – 22 April 1908, Paris) was a French academic and writer, He was elected to the Académie Française (fauteuil 34) in 1905.

He was attacked by Radicals for his religious and patriotic ideals.
Said
Said can refer to:

Speech, or the act of speaking

Saʽid, an Arabic male forename and surname

Said (honorific), a honorific in Islamic culture

Said, Iran (disambiguation), multiple places in Iran

Port Said, a city in Egypt

Saïd Business School at the University of Oxford

Saʽid
Saʽid (Arabic: سعيد Saʽīd), also spelled Saʽeid, Said, Saïd, Sid, Saeed, Saed, Saied, Sayeed or Sayid, is a male Arabic given name which means "blessed, lucky, joy" or "happy, patient". The name stems from the Arabic verb sa‘ada (سَعَدَ – 'to be happy, fortunate or lucky').

The lesser uncommon form of the name Saʽid is "Suʽid (سُعِيد suʽīd)" and the feminine form of the name is Saida (Saʽidah, سَعِيدة saʽīdah) or Suida (Suʽidah, سُعِيدة suʽīdah). Saʽid is another variant from the Arabic given name Saad.

The written form of the name in Turkish is Sait and in Bosnian is Seid. Said or Sid is the spelling used in most Latin languages.
Jung's theorem
In geometry, Jung's theorem is an inequality between the diameter of a set of points in any Euclidean space and the radius of the minimum enclosing ball of that set. It is named after Heinrich Jung, who first studied this inequality in 1901. Algorithms also exist to solve the smallest-circle problem explicitly.

Circumcircle
In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a triangle is a circle that passes through all three vertices. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter of the triangle, and its radius is called the circumradius. The circumcenter is the point of intersection between the three perpendicular bisectors of the triangle's sides, and is a triangle center.

More generally, an n-sided polygon with all its vertices on the same circle, also called the circumscribed circle, is called a cyclic polygon, or in the special case n = 4, a cyclic quadrilateral. All triangles, rectangles, isosceles trapezoids, right kites, and regular polygons are cyclic, but not every polygon is.
Jean E. Williams
Jean Elizabeth Williams (20 January 1876 – July 1965) was a composer. She was born in Wednesbury, England, then moved to Toronto, Canada. After graduating from the Royal Conservatory of Music of the University of Toronto, she returned to England and studied to be a concert pianist.

Williams changed her career plans from performance to teaching after breaking her wrist. She returned to the University of Toronto to teach voice and piano. She later taught in Cleveland, Ohio, and St. Louis, Missouri, before moving to Portland, Oregon, in 1932.

Williams served as president of the National Music Teachers Association and as president of Mu Phi Epsilon, a professional music fraternity. She collaborated on two music education books with Nellie Tholen, who later donated Williams' papers to the University of Oregon, where they are archived.

Williams' compositions include:

Wednesbury
Wednesbury (/ˈwɛnzbəri/ locally [ˈwɛnzbriː]) is a market town in the Sandwell district, in the county of the West Midlands, England; it was historically in Staffordshire. It is located near the source of the River Tame and is part of the Black Country. Wednesbury is situated 5 miles (8km) south-east of Wolverhampton, 3 miles (4.4km) south-west of Walsall and 7 miles (11.8km) north-west of Birmingham. At the 2021 Census, the town's built-up area had a population of 20,313.
Hale Holden
Hale Holden (August 11, 1869 – September 23, 1940) was president of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (CB&Q) from 1914 to 1918 and 1920 to 1929, and chairman of the board of directors for Southern Pacific Railroad from 1932 to 1939. He was one of the lawyers working for James J. Hill's defense team in the Minnesota Rate Cases. In later years he served as a director for a number of large companies including American Telephone & Telegraph, New York Life Insurance Company and the Chemical Bank & Trust.

Dalton, Massachusetts
Dalton is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. Dalton is a transition town between the urban and rural portions of Berkshire County. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 6,330 at the 2020 census.
Frühling Rijsdijk
Frühling Vesta Rijsdijk is a Dutch behavior geneticist who is a professor in Statistical and Behavioral Genetics at the Anton de Kom University in Paramaribo, Suriname. She focuses on many aspects of genetics and behaviors of twins.

Paramaribo
Paramaribo is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 252,581 people as of 2025 estimate, almost half of Suriname's population. The historic inner city of Paramaribo has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002.
Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2010
The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show is an annual fashion show sponsored by Victoria's Secret, a brand of lingerie and sleepwear. Victoria's Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings. The show features some of the world's leading fashion models, such as current Victoria's Secret Angels Adriana Lima, Alessandra Ambrosio, Behati Prinsloo, Candice Swanepoel, Rosie Huntington-Whiteley Erin Heatherton, Lily Aldridge, and Chanel Iman. Miranda Kerr and Doutzen Kroes both missed this year's show due to their pregnancies.

The 15th fashion show featured some of the new Angels and also the returning Angels. There were special performances by Katy Perry & Akon.

Doutzen Kroes
Doutzen Kroes (West Frisian: [ˈdɔutsn̩ ˈkrus], Dutch: [ˈdʌutsə(ŋ) ˈkrus]; born 23 January 1985) is a Dutch fashion model. She began her modelling career in 2003, in the Netherlands and was quickly sent by her agency to New York where she was cast by lingerie brand Victoria’s Secret. She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 2008 until 2014, making her the second Dutch to earn the coveted title after Karen Mulder. She has been a brand ambassador for L'Oréal Paris since 2006. Kroes has been one of the highest-paid models, with an estimated income of more than $5 million per year, since 2008. In 2014, she came in second on the Forbes top-earning models list, estimated to have earned $8 million in one year. In 2013, she became the first model to land four different solo international covers of Vogue's September issue in a single year.

Her film debut was in Nova Zembla (2011).
Jerzy Ossoliński
Prince Jerzy Ossoliński h. Topór (15 December 1595 – 9 August 1650) was a Polish  nobleman (szlachcic), Crown Court Treasurer from 1632, governor (voivode) of Sandomierz from 1636, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire since 1634, Crown Deputy Chancellor from 1639, Great Crown Chancellor from 1643, starost of Bydgoszcz (1633), Luboml (1639), Puck and Bolim (1647), magnate, politician, statesman and diplomat. Famous for being extensively educated, he was a skillful politician and a persuasive public speaker.

He is the founder of the Baroque church in Klimontów.

Starosta
Starosta /ˈstɑːrɒstə/ or starost (Cyrillic: старост/а, Latin: capitaneus, German: Starost, Hauptmann) is a community elder in some Slavic lands.

The Slavic root of "starost" translates as "senior". Since the Middle Ages, it has designated an official in a leadership position in a range of civic and social contexts throughout Central and Eastern Europe. In reference to a municipality, a starosta was historically a senior royal administrative official, equivalent to a county sheriff or seneschal, and analogous to a gubernator. In Poland, a starosta administered a crown land district called starostwo.

In the early Middle Ages, a starosta could head a settled urban or rural community or other community, as in the case of a church starosta or an artel starosta. A starosta also functioned as a master of ceremonies.
Randall Hall
Randall C. Hall is an American politician who has served as a member of the Maine House of Representatives since December 7, 2022. He represents Maine's 74th House district. He formerly represented District 114.

Maine House of Representatives
The Maine House of Representatives is the lower house of the Maine Legislature. The House consists of 151 voting members and three nonvoting members. The voting members represent an equal number of districts across the state and are elected via plurality voting. The nonvoting members represent three of Maine's Native American tribes, though one tribe (the Penobscot Nation) has declined to send a representative. Each voting member of the House represents around 9,000 citizens of the state. Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine House of Representatives usually have outside employment as well. Members are limited to four consecutive terms of two years each, but may run again after two years.

The House meets at the Maine State House in Augusta.
USS Virgo
USS Virgo (AKA-20) was an Andromeda class attack cargo ship of the United States Navy, named after the constellation Virgo. She was later converted to an ammunition ship and redesignated as (AE-30). She served as a commissioned ship for 22 years and 4 months.

Virgo (AKA-20) was laid down on 9 March 1943 at Kearny, New Jersey, by the Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, under a Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 204); launched on 4 June 1943; sponsored by Miss Sharman Douglas; delivered to the Navy on 15 July 1943; and commissioned at the New York Navy Yard on 16 July 1943.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").