hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thapsacus
Thapsacus (Ancient Greek: Θάψακος, romanized: Thapsakos; Hebrew: תִּפְסַח Tipsah) was an ancient town along the western bank of the Euphrates river that would now lie in modern Syria. Thapsacus was the Greek and Roman name for the town. The town was important and prosperous due to its river crossing, which allowed east-west land traffic to pass through it. Its precise location is unknown and there are several different locations identified as the site of Thapsacus. One possibility is a location close to Carchemish, which now lies in Turkey, on its border with Syria. Karkamış and Jarabulus are the closest modern towns in Turkey and Syria respectively. More recently it has been suggested that Thapsacus was renamed to Seleucia at the Zeugma, which lies further upstream on the Euphrates, or that it is identical with the Jebel Khalid, which lies a bit farther downstream on the river.

Arrian
Arrian of Nicomedia (/ˈæriən/; Greek: Ἀρριανός Arrianos; Latin: Lucius Flavius Arrianus; c. 86/89 – c. after 146/160 AD) was a Greek historian, public servant, military commander, and philosopher of the Roman period.

The Anabasis of Alexander by Arrian is considered the best source on the campaigns of Alexander the Great. Scholars have generally preferred Arrian to other extant primary sources, though this attitude has changed somewhat in light of modern studies into Arrian's method.
Vorderer Tajakopf
The Vorderer Tajakopf is a 2,450-metre-high mountain in the Mieming Chain in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

The normal route to the summit runs from the Coburger Hut (1,917 m) over the Vorderes Tajatörl and the south arête. More recently the Vorderer Tajakopf has been climbed more frequently up a challenging klettersteig laid out in 2000 along the west arête.
The neighbouring Hinterer Tajakopf (2,408 m) is accessible via the Vorderer Tajatörl on the Coburger Klettersteig or from the Hinterer Tajatörl.

Arête
An arête (/əˈrɛt/ ə-RET; French: [aʁɛt]) is a narrow ridge of rock that separates two valleys. It is typically formed when two glaciers erode parallel U-shaped valleys. Arêtes can also form when two glacial cirques erode headwards towards one another, although frequently this results in a saddle-shaped pass, called a col. The edge is then sharpened by freeze-thaw weathering, and the slope on either side of the arête steepened through mass wasting events and the erosion of exposed, unstable rock. The word arête is French for "edge" or "ridge"; similar features in the Alps are often described with the German equivalent term Grat.

Where three or more cirques meet, a pyramidal peak is created.
Rublyovo-Uspenskoye Highway
The Rublyovo-Uspenskoye Highway (Russian: Рублёво-Успенское шоссе), designated as A106, is a Russian federal highway that runs from Moscow to Zvenigorod. It starts at the Rublevsky Highway at the intersection with the Moscow Ring Road, runs along the Moskva river and ends near Zvenigorod.

The Rublyovo-Uspenskoye Highway is a highway with improved surface. It is one of the shortest federal highways with its length at approximately 30 km (19 mi). Almost the entire length of the highway has two lanes and a speed limit of 50–60 km/h (31–37 mph). The road is maintained by the 7th District of the GIBDD.

Moskva (river)
The Moskva (/məsˈkvɑː/ məs-KVAH or /ˈmɒskvə/ MOS-kvə; Russian: Москва) is a river that flows through Western Russia. It rises about 140 km (90 mi) west of Moscow and flows roughly east through the Smolensk and Moscow Oblasts, passing through central Moscow. About 110 km (70 mi) southeast of Moscow, at the city of Kolomna, it flows into the Oka, itself a tributary of the Volga, which ultimately flows into the Caspian Sea.
Helena Mniszek
Helena Mniszek (family name Mniszek-Tchorznicka, surname by first marriage: Chyżyńska, surname by second marriage: Rawicz Radomyska; 24 May 1878 – 18 March 1943) was a Polish novelist. She was born in Volhynia and died in Sabnie. Her debut novel Trędowata written in 1909 brought her to prominence.

Jerzy Hoffman
Jerzy Julian Hoffman (pronounced [ˈjɛʐɨ ˈxɔfman]; born 15 March 1932) is a Polish director, screenwriter, and producer. He received the Polish Academy Life Achievement Award in February 2006.

Hoffman is best known for his works in The Deluge (1974) and With Fire and Sword (1999), the former of which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. His other notable credits were in Three Steps on Earth (1965) and Colonel Wolodyjowski (1969).
Trinity College Clock
Trinity College Clock is a historic pendulum clock in Trinity College, Cambridge. It is housed in one of the oldest buildings in the college, King Edward's Gate, also known as the clock tower. The building was formerly the entrance to King's Hall, a college which merged with Michaelhouse to form Trinity College.

The clock is noted for striking the hour twice, first on a low note (the "Trinity" chime) and then a higher one (the "St John's" chime). This peculiarity was noted by William Wordsworth in his autobiographical poem:

Near me hung Trinity’s loquacious clock,
Who never let the quarters, night or day,
Slip by him unproclaimed, and told the hours
Twice over with a male and female voice.

A common myth claims that the clock strikes the hour twice, because the fellows of St John's College once complained about its noise.

William Wordsworth
William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798).

Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi-autobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times. It was posthumously titled and published by his wife in the year of his death, before which it was generally known as "The Poem to Coleridge".

Wordsworth was Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death from pleurisy on 23 April 1850. He remains one of the most recognizable names in English poetry and was a key figure of the Romantic poets.
Salyn Buzarquis
Enrique Salyn Concepción Buzarquis Cáceres (born 11 November 1974) is a Paraguayan politician serving as a member of the Senate since 2018. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 2008 to 2012, and served as president of the Chamber from 2008 to 2010. From 2012 to 2013, he served as minister of public works and communications.

Chamber of Deputies of Paraguay
The Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados) is the lower house of Paraguay's bicameral legislature, the National Congress. It is made up of 80 members, elected for a five-year term by proportional representation. The other chamber of the National Congress (Congreso Nacional) is the Chamber of Senators (Cámara de Senadores).

Unicameral congress was established in 1813, and replaced with bicameral congress including Chamber of Deputies and the Senate in 1870. In 1940, unicameral Chamber of Representatives was formed, and since 1967 there has been a bicameral legislature.
Aktel, Shebalinsky District, Altai Republic
Aktel (Russian: Актел; Altay: Ак-Jул, Ak-Ĵul) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Aktelskoye Rural Settlement, Shebalinsky District, the Altai Republic, Russia. The population was 344 as of 2016. There are 3 streets.

Shebalinsky District
Shebalinsky District (Russian: Шебали́нский райо́н; Altay: Шабалин аймак, romanized: Şabalin aymak; Kazakh: Шибалы ауданы, Şibaly audany) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the ten in the Altai Republic, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the republic. The area of the district is 3,794 square kilometers (1,465 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Shebalino. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 13,596, with the population of Shebalino accounting for 36.2% of that number.
Zion Square
Zion Square (Hebrew: כיכר ציון, romanized: Kikar Tziyon) is a public square in Jerusalem, located at the intersection of Jaffa Road, Ben Yehuda Street, Herbert Samuel Street, and Yoel Moshe Salomon Street.

The square is one of the vertices of the Downtown Triangle commercial district. Since the British Mandate era, Zion Square has been the focal point of the cultural life of downtown Jerusalem. The square is busy day and night with tourists, elderly immigrants, overseas students, local youth, street performers, and religious activists. In recent decades, the square has become a hangout for disaffected and homeless youth.

From the 1930s to 2011, the square was a popular site for mass protests and demonstrations.

Vertex (geometry)
In geometry, a vertex (pl.: vertices or vertexes), also called a corner, is a point where two or more curves, lines, or line segments meet or intersect. For example, the point where two lines meet to form an angle and the point where edges of polygons and polyhedra meet are vertices.
Tataviam language
The Tataviam language is an extinct Uto-Aztecan language formerly spoken by the Tataviam people of the upper Santa Clara River basin, Santa Susana Mountains, and Sierra Pelona Mountains in southern California. It had become extinct by 1916 and is known only from a few early records, notably a few words recorded by Alfred L. Kroeber and John P. Harrington in the early decades of the 20th century.  These word lists were not from native speakers, but from the children of the last speakers who remembered a few words and phrases.

Alfred Kroeber
Alfred Louis Kroeber (/ˈkroʊbər/ KROH-bər; June 11, 1876 – October 5, 1960) was an American cultural anthropologist. He received his PhD under Franz Boas at Columbia University in 1901, the first doctorate in anthropology awarded by Columbia. He was also the first professor appointed to the Department of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley. He played an integral role in the early days of its Museum of Anthropology, where he served as director from 1909 through 1947. Kroeber provided detailed information about Ishi, the last surviving member of the Yahi people, whom he studied over a period of years. He was the father of the author Ursula K. Le Guin.
Horst Tomayer
Horst Tomayer (1 November 1938, Asch, Sudetenland (now Aš, Czech Republic) – 13 December 2013, Hamburg, Germany) was a German poet, columnist, and actor. His column, Tomayers ehrliches Tagebuch, was published from 1982 to 2013 in the monthly magazine Konkret.

Hermann L. Gremliza
Hermann Ludwig Gremliza (20 November 1940 – 20 December 2019) was a German radical left journalist.

Gremliza was born in Cologne. In the 1960s he studied in Tübingen. He learned the profession working at Der Spiegel, and after 1974 Gremliza become editor-in-chief of the radical left-wing magazine konkret.

In 1987, he contended that he was a ghostwriter for the investigative journalist Günter Wallraff. Wallraff impugned the accusations.

In 1989, he left the Social Democratic Party because of its support of German reunification. He died in Hamburg, aged 79.
Ashwni Dhir
Ashwni Dhir (born 23 September 1968) is an Indian film director and screenwriter. He has written and produced various TV serials for the channel SAB TV

He has directed films such as One Two Three (2008), Atithi Tum Kab Jaoge? (2010), Son Of Sardaar (2012) and Guest Iin London (2017). He also produced the TV show Chidiya Ghar and wrote the show Office Office.

Office Office
Office Office is an Indian Hindi language satirical comedy television series. It consists of short stories and focuses on government and other offices in corrupt situations. It premiered on SAB TV on 3 September 2001. The show was a satirical take on prevalent corruption in India.
Mulenge
Mulenge is a village encircled by hills in the Kigoma groupement, within Bafuliiru Chiefdom, located in the Uvira Territory, South Kivu, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Perched on the Itombwe massif's high plateaus, it overlooks Uvira. Historically, the area has been inhabited by remnants of Bantu communities like the Fuliiru people whom are the original inhabitants of region, and some Nyindu communities. The region's economy is centered around agriculture, family livestock breeding, and fishing.

Tutsi
The Tutsi (/ˈtʊtsi/ TUUT-see), also called Watusi, Watutsi or Abatutsi (Kinyarwanda pronunciation: [ɑ.βɑ.tuː.t͡si]), are an ethnic group established primarily in Rwanda and Burundi. They are a Bantu-speaking people and the second-largest of three main ethnic groups in Rwanda and Burundi, the other two being the Hutu and Twa.

Historically, the Tutsi were pastoralists and filled the ranks of the warrior caste. Before 1962, they regulated and controlled Rwandan society, which consisted of Tutsi aristocrats and Hutu commoners under a clientship structure. The Tutsi occupied the dominant positions in the sharply stratified society and constituted the ruling class.
Layla Almasri
Layla Almasri (/ælˈmɑːsri/ al-MAHSS-ree; Arabic: ليلى المصري, Palestinian pronunciation: [ˈleːlæ lˈmˤɑsˤri]; born 26 June 1999) is a Palestinian-American athlete specializing in middle-distance and long-distance running. In 2024, she received an invitation from the International Olympic Committee to represent Palestine in the 800 meters event at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Palestinian Americans
Palestinian Americans (Arabic: فلسطينيو أمريكا, romanized: Filasṭīnīyū Amrīkā) are Americans who are of full or partial Palestinian descent.

There are around 160,000 Palestinian Americans according to the 2023 American Community Survey, making up around 0.05% of the U.S. population.

The Palestinian community is concentrated in the Chicago, New York City, Philadelphia, Houston, and Detroit metropolitan areas, with other populations in the Los Angeles and San Francisco metropolitan areas. Some Palestinians have emigrated to smaller metropolitan or micropolitan/rural areas, such as Gallup, New Mexico, in the late 20th and 21st century.
Weare Reservoir
Weare Reservoir is a 268-acre (1.08 km2) impoundment on the Piscataquog River in Hillsborough County in southern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Weare. The reservoir is also known as Lake Horace.

It is classified as a warmwater fishery, with observed species including rainbow trout, brown trout, smallmouth and largemouth bass, chain pickerel, horned pout, and black crappie.

Black crappie
The black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) is a freshwater fish in the sunfish family (Centrarchidae). It is endemic to North America, one of the two types of crappies. It is very similar to the white crappie (P. annularis) in size, shape, and habits, except that it is darker, with a pattern of black spots. Alternate names for the species include calico bass, speck, speckled perch, speckled bass, moonfish, grass bass, strawberry bass, shiner, crappie, oswego bass, sac-a-lait, and marigane noire.
Quinnipiac Bobcats softball
The Quinnipiac Bobcats softball team represents Quinnipiac University in NCAA Division I college softball.  The team participates in the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC), having joined in 2014. From 1988 until 1998, Quinnipiac was a member of the Northeast-10 Conference (NE-10) at the Division II level. The program transitioned to Division I in 1999, joining the Northeast Conference (NEC) where they were a member until 2013. The Bobcats are currently led by head coach Hillary Smith. The team plays its home games at Quinnipiac Softball Field, which is located on the college's campus.

Quinnipiac University
Quinnipiac University (/ˈkwɪnəˌpi.æk/ KWIH-nə-pee-ak) is a private university in Hamden, Connecticut, United States. The university grants undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. It also hosts the Quinnipiac University Polling Institute.
Atte Pentikäinen
Atte Pentikäinen (born 12 December 1982) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey defenseman. He last played for the Fischtown Pinguins in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).

He played with Ässät (2004–06) and Färjestads BK (2006–07). After spending the majority of his 13-year professional career in his native Finland, Pentikäinen agreed to a one-year contract with Austrian outfit, Graz 99ers of the EBEL on July 4, 2016. Just over two-months later, after enduring pre-season with the 99ers, Pentikainen used an opt-out clause to release him from his contract on September 8. He was signed the following day with German club, the Fischtown Pinguins of the neighboring DEL to begin the 2015–16 season.

Graz 99ers
The Moser Medical Graz99ers are an Austrian professional ice hockey team from Graz, Styria. The club was founded in 1999 after the previous club, EHC Graz, folded prior to the 1998–99 season due to financial difficulties. The Graz99ers started in the 1999–2000 season in the Austrian National League, Austria's second division, where they were crowned instant champions. Since the 2000–01 season they have been playing in the ICE Hockey League (ICEHL).
Collybiopsis affixa
Collybiopsis affixa, the little stinker, is a species of fungus in the family Omphalotaceae. It occurs in Asia and Australia. While it has been considered a basidiolichen by some researchers, its status as a lichenised fungus remains uncertain.

Omphalotaceae
The Omphalotaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are most frequently agarics (gilled mushrooms), but occasionally corticioid (in the genus Brunneocorticium) or poroid (in the genus Hymenoporus).
Balyakala Smaranakal
Balyakala Smaranakal (Childhood memories) is 1987 autobiographical book written by Kamala Surayya (Madhavikutty). The book discusses Madhavikutty's residences in Nalappattu in Punnayurkulam and Landan Road in Kolkata, and the people she met there, as well as her experiences. She brings out her feminist vision through the child character. Balyakala Smaranakal is one of Madhavikutty's three major novels. The book's characters were drawn as paintings and displayed in the Kozhikode exhibition in 2019.

Kamala Surayya
Kamala Surayya  (born Kamala; 31 March 1934 – 31 May 2009), popularly known by her one-time pen name Madhavikutty and married name Kamala Das, was an Indian poet in English as well as an author in Malayalam from Kerala, India. Her fame in Kerala primarily stems from her short stories and autobiography, My Story, whereas her body of work in English, penned under the pseudonym Kamala Das, is renowned for its poems and candid autobiography. Her works are known for originality, versatility and indigenous flavour of the soil. She was also a widely read columnist and wrote on diverse topics including women's issues, child care, politics, etc. Her liberal treatment of female sexuality, marked her as an iconoclast in popular culture of her generation. On 31 May 2009, aged 75, she died at Jehangir Hospital in Pune.
The Mansion (TV series)
The Mansion is an Australian television comedy based upon news and current affairs. It is hosted by Michael Chamberlin and Charlie Pickering and features Kate McLennan and Justin Kennedy, It premiered on The Comedy Channel on Thursday 3 April 2008 at 8:30 pm.

The fictional backstory of The Mansion is that its previous host of The Mansion was one of the word's richest and most sexually potent news magnates, Jebediah McNews. The series finale of the Mansion aired on 19 June 2008 with a 'best of' episode airing on 26 June.

Backstory
In a narrative, a backstory or the background (information) is a set of events that establishes a character's past or that precedes and leads up to the main plot. In acting, it is the fictional history of a character before the main plot events that a performer creates during their preparation for the role.
110 Virginis
110 Virginis is a star in the zodiac constellation Virgo, located 195 light-years away from Earth. It is visible to the naked eye as an orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.40. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −16 km/s.

The stellar classification of 110 Virginis is K0.5 IIIb Fe–0.5, indicating that this is an evolved giant star with a mild underabundance of iron in its spectrum. At the age of 4.5 billion years old, it belongs to a sub-category of giants called the red clump, which means it is on the horizontal branch and is generating energy through the helium fusion at its core. Compared to the Sun, it has 167% of the mass but has expanded to 14 times the size. The enlarged photosphere has an effective temperature of 4,655 K and is radiating 80 times the Sun's luminosity.

Naked eye
Naked eye, also called bare eye or unaided eye, is the practice of engaging in visual perception unaided by a magnifying, light-collecting optical instrument, such as a telescope or microscope, or eye protection.

In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids, including 4 Vesta. Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.
Charles Yuill
Charles Yuill (August 14, 1889 – July 30, 1972) was a former Mayor of Barrhead, Alberta and served as a Canadian federal politician from 1953 to 1958. He was born in Calabogie, Ontario.

Yuill began his political career by serving as Mayor of the Village of Barrhead and then Mayor of the Town of Barrhead, Alberta north of Edmonton, Alberta. He campaigned for a seat in the House of Commons of Canada representing the Jasper—Edson riding for the first time in the 1953 federal election, and defeated incumbent Member of Parliament John Welbourn and 2 other candidates to win his first term in office. Yuill was re-elected in the 1957 federal election he won a closely contested race defeating 3 other candidates. Parliament was dissolved almost a full year later and Yuill ran for a 3rd term in the 1958 federal election, but was defeated by Progressive Conservative candidate Hugh Horner. Yuill ran against Horner once more in the 1962 federal election but failed to gain back his seat.

Jasper—Edson
Jasper—Edson was a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1968. This riding was created in 1933 from parts of Peace River riding. The electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into  Peace River, Pembina, Red Deer, Rocky Mountain, and Wetaskiwin ridings.
IC 4997
IC 4997 is  a planetary nebula located in the constellation of Sagitta. It was discovered in 1896 by Edward Charles Pickering and Williamina Fleming, and independently by Gustav Gruss the same year. This nebula is about 14,000 light-years from Earth. It looks like an ordinary star in smaller telescopes, and only detailed study of its spectrum reveals its nebular characteristics.

Williamina Fleming
Williamina Paton Stevens Fleming (15 May 1857 – 21 May 1911) was a Scottish astronomer. At the Harvard College Observatory, she contributed to the photographic classification of stellar spectra, helping to develop a common designation system for stars. Fleming cataloged more than ten thousand stars, 59 gaseous nebulae, over 310 variable stars, and 10 novae, among other astronomical phenomena. She is credited with the discovery of the Horsehead Nebula in 1888, and she was a vocal supporter of women's representation in her field.
Pile ou face
"Pile ou face" ([pil u fas], "heads or tails") is a song by French model, actress and singer Corynne Charby. She released it in 1987 as a single and on the album Toi.

The song debuted at number 47 in France during the week of 30 May 1987, climbing all the way to number five for one week in July.

Coin flipping
Coin flipping, coin tossing, or heads or tails involves using the thumb to launch a coin in the air and then checking which side is showing once it has landed, in order to randomly choose between two alternatives. It is a form of sortition which inherently has two possible outcomes. Used in such a fashion, the coin serves as a binary lot.