hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1731
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1731, adopted unanimously on December 20, 2006, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situations in Liberia and West Africa, the Council extended arms and travel embargoes on the country for one year and a ban on the sale of diamonds for a period of six months.

Arms embargo
An arms embargo is a restriction or a set of sanctions that applies either solely to weaponry or also to "dual-use technology." An arms embargo may serve one or more purposes:

to signal disapproval of the behavior of a certain actor

to maintain neutrality in an ongoing conflict

as a peace mechanism that is part of a peace process to resolve an armed conflict

to limit the ability of an actor to inflict violence on others

to weaken a country's military capabilities before a foreign intervention
Tutilo Burger
Tutilo Burger OSB (born 8 September 1965, Löffingen, as Heinz Burger) is a German Benedictine. He took as his monastic name Tutilo, after the saint, monk and composer Tuotilo. Since 2011 he has been the eleventh archabbot of Beuron Archabbey, whilst his elder brother Stephan Burger is Archbishop of Freiburg.

Stephan Burger
Stephan Burger (born 29 April 1962 in Freiburg im Breisgau) is a German Roman Catholic clergyman. Since 2014 he has been Archbishop of Freiburg and Metropolitan Bishop of the Ecclesiastical Province of Freiburg.
DGS Quadra
The Quadra was a survey and patrol vessel operated by the Government of Canada.  She was launched in 1891, on the River Cart, in Scotland.  For her first fourteen years her captain was John T. Walbran.

The Quadra undertook surveys, maintained buoys and lighthouses, carried Police, and carried the Governor General on a visit to Alaska.

The Quadra foundered in 1906 in Nanaimo Harbour, and was raised in 1916.

Nanaimo Harbour
Nanaimo Harbour, also known as the Port of Nanaimo, is a natural harbour on the east coast of Vancouver Island in the Canadian province of British Columbia. The city of Nanaimo runs along the west side of the harbour. Three islands, Newcastle, Protection, and Gabriola, along with Duke Point, form the eastern edge. The Port of Nanaimo includes the Inner Harbour, Nanaimo River estuary, Departure Bay, the waters on the east side of Newcastle and Protection Islands, and Northumberland Channel. The port is under the management of the Nanaimo Port Authority.
Platysiagum
Platysiagum is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish belonging to the family Platysiagidae. Fossils are known from the Middle Triassic of China, Italy and Switzerland, and the Early Jurassic of England.

Middle Triassic
In the geologic timescale, the Middle Triassic is the second of three epochs of the Triassic period or the middle of three series in which the Triassic system is divided in chronostratigraphy. The Middle Triassic spans the time between 246.7 Ma and 237 Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Early Triassic Epoch and followed by the Late Triassic Epoch. The Middle Triassic is divided into the Anisian and Ladinian ages or stages.

Formerly the middle series in the Triassic was also known as Muschelkalk. This name is now only used for a specific unit of rock strata with approximately Middle Triassic age, found in western Europe. The Ashfield Shale and Bringelly Shale of western Sydney date to this epoch, with the former featuring fluvial fossils from that era.
Lathyrus littoralis
Lathyrus littoralis is a species of wild pea known by the common name silky beach pea. It is native to the coastline of western North America from British Columbia to California. It is a resident of beaches and dunes.

This is a perennial herb which grows a patch of hairy gray-green stems along the sandy ground or slightly upright. The woolly leaves are made up of several oval or oblong scoop-shaped leaflets. There are small, tough tendrils but the plant does not use them to climb. The plant produces dense inflorescences of several flowers each one to two centimeters wide. Each flower is bicolored in dark-veined deep pink and white. The fruit is a dehiscent oval-shaped hairy legume pod. It blooms from late spring to early summer.

The roots are edible.

Dehiscence (botany)
Dehiscence is the splitting of a mature plant structure along a built-in line of weakness  to release its contents. This is common among fruits, anthers and sporangia.  Sometimes this involves the complete detachment of a part. Structures that open in this way are said to be dehiscent. Structures that do not open in this way are called indehiscent, and rely on other mechanisms such as decay, digestion by herbivores, or predation to release the contents.

A similar process to dehiscence occurs in some flower buds (e.g., Platycodon, Fuchsia), but this is rarely referred to as dehiscence unless circumscissile dehiscence is involved; anthesis is the usual term for the opening of flowers. Dehiscence may or may not involve the loss of a structure through the process of  abscission. The lost structures are said to be caducous.
National Heritage Institute (Tunisia)
The National Heritage Institute (French: L'Institut national du patrimoine) (Arabic: المعهد الوطني للتراث) (INP) is a Tunisian public administrative institution responsible for dealing with Tunisian heritage. It has its headquarters in the Medina of Tunis. It has its origins in 1885 which is when the Department of Antiquities and Arts decided to start conducting real scientific studies of archaeological sites. It became the Directorate of Antiquities, and was replaced by the National Institute of Archaeology and Art (INAA) in 1957. In 1993 it received its current name. Its Director of Research is Leïla Ladjimi Sebaï.

Inside of the institute

First floor of the institute

Entrance of the institute

Marble plaque of the institute

Medina of Tunis
The Medina of Tunis is the medina quarter of Tunis, the capital of Tunisia. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1979.

The Medina contains some 700 monuments, including palaces, mosques, mausoleums, madrasas and fountains dating from various periods.
Jitendra Awhad
Jitendra Satish Awhad is a senior leader and Indian politician from Maharashtra. Previously he served as a member of legislative council of Maharashtra from  2002 to 2009. He also served as the Deputy Leader of the Opposition Maharashtra Legislative Assembly with Ajay Choudhari in 2024 and currently a Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly for 3 terms representing Mumbra-Kalwa in Thane. He has previously served as the Acting Leader of the Opposition Maharashtra Legislative Assembly and he has previously served as Cabinet Minister of Medical Education and Horticulture in 2014 and Housing and Minority Affairs from 2019 to 2022. He belongs to the Nationalist Congress Party.

Ministry of Housing (Maharashtra)
The Ministry of Housing is a ministry in the Government of Maharashtra. Ministry is responsible for implementation of laws and acts related to housing in Maharashtra.

The Ministry is headed by a cabinet level minister. Eknath Shinde is current Deputy Chief Minister and Minister of Housing.
Andreyevo, Vladimir Oblast
Andreyevo (Russian: Андреево) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Andreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3,470 (2021 Census); 3,798 as of 2010. There are 31 streets.

Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast (Russian: Влади́мирская о́бласть, romanized: Vladimirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located 190 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.

The UNESCO World Heritage List includes the 12th-century cathedrals of Vladimir, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, and Kideksha.
Hedge Lawn
Hedge Lawn is a historic home located at Colonie in Albany County, New York.  It was built in 1870 and is an unusual 2+1⁄2-story mansion designed in a composite style with Greek Revival  and Second Empire style elements.  It features a Mansard roof with scalloped slate shingles, three pedimented dormers, and a monumental portico across the front elevation supported by six massive Doric order columns. The property also has a contributing carriage house, lawns, mature plantings, iron fence, and two wagon sheds.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Albany County, New York
Albany County (/ˈɔːlbəni/ ⓘ AWL-bə-nee) is a county in the state of New York, United States. Its northern border is formed by the Mohawk River, at its confluence with the Hudson River, which is to the east. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 314,848. The county seat and largest city is Albany, which is also the state capital of New York. As originally established by the English government in the colonial era, Albany County had an indefinite amount of land, but has had an area of 530 square miles (1,400 km2) since March 3, 1888. The county is named for the Duke of York and of Albany, who became James II of England (James VII of Scotland). The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.
F. D. Roosevelt Airport
F. D. Roosevelt Airport (IATA: EUX, ICAO: TNCE) is the airport located on the Dutch Caribbean island of Sint Eustatius. It was opened as "Golden Rock Airport" in 1946 and renamed for Franklin Delano Roosevelt. As of 2012, the only commercial aircraft that serves the island is the DHC-6 Twin Otter (can operate chartered flights with Britten-Norman Islander and Cessna 208 Caravan), although the runway can accommodate larger turboprop aircraft and some smaller jets. As of 2023, the largest aircraft type to operate at the airport is the ATR 42.

President Roosevelt had Dutch ancestors and in 1939 presented Sint Eustatius with a plaque in recognition of the "First Salute," the first official salute of the flag of the newly declared independent United States in 1776. Members of the Roosevelt family lived on St. Eustatius in the 18th century and had possessions on the island.

Cessna 208 Caravan
The Cessna 208 Caravan is a utility aircraft produced by Cessna.

The project was commenced on November 20, 1981, and the prototype first flew on December 9, 1982.
The production model was certified by the FAA in October 1984 and its Cargomaster freighter variant was developed for FedEx.
The 4 ft (1.2 m) longer 208B Super Cargomaster first flew in 1986 and was developed into the passenger 208B Grand Caravan.

The strutted, high wing 208 typically seats nine passengers in its unpressurized cabin, is powered by a single Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A tractor turboprop and has a fixed tricycle landing gear, floats, or skis.

By 2022, 3,000 had been delivered and 24 million flight hours have been logged. Caravans have been used for flight training, commuter airlines, VIP transport, air cargo, skydiving and humanitarian missions.
Geoffrey Drake-Brockman (engineer)
Brigadier Geoffrey Drake-Brockman MC (1885–1977) was a Western Australian civil engineer, and an Australian Army officer in both World Wars.

In 1908 he was involved in mapping the route for the railway-line from Kalgoorlie, Western Australia to Port Augusta, South Australia. In 1921 he was appointed commissioner of the Department of the North-West (of Western Australia) based in Broome; as commissioner he recommended a survey of agricultural land at the Ord River, the planting of cotton and the development of the Kimberley region. In 1946 he was appointed assistant-director of public works, and in 1949 chairman of the Western Australian Transport Board, retiring in 1952.

As a soldier, in World War I he was awarded the Military Cross, and commanded the 9th Field Company in 1917–18. In World War II he was posted to Army Headquarters, Melbourne; as colonel, then brigadier, he occupied senior engineering staff posts.

In retirement, he wrote an autobiography, The Turning Wheel (1960).

Kalgoorlie
Kalgoorlie (/ˈkælˌɡʊːɹli/ kal-GOOR-LEE), also known as Kalgoorlie–Boulder, is a city in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, located 595 km (370 mi) east-northeast of Perth at the end of the Great Eastern Highway. It is referred to as Kalgoorlie–Boulder as the surrounding urban area includes the historic townsite of Boulder and the local government area is the City of Kalgoorlie–Boulder.

Kalgoorlie–Boulder lies on the traditional lands of the Wongatha People. The city was established in 1893 during the Western Australian gold rushes. It soon replaced Coolgardie as the largest settlement on the Eastern Goldfields. Kalgoorlie is the ultimate destination of the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme and the Golden Pipeline Heritage Trail. The nearby Super Pit gold mine was Australia's largest open-cut gold mine for many years.

During August 2021, Kalgoorlie–Boulder had an estimated urban population of 29,072, a slight decline from the recent peak of 32,966 in 2013.
Your Face Sounds Familiar Kids (Philippine TV series)
Your Face Sounds Familiar Kids is a Philippine television reality competition show broadcast by ABS-CBN. Based on the Spanish television series Your Face Sounds Familiar. Hosted by Billy Crawford and judges by Sharon Cuneta, Gary Valenciano and Ogie Alcasid, it aired on the network's Yes Weekend line up from January 7, 2017 to August 19, 2018, replacing Pinoy Boyband Superstar and was replaced by The Kids' Choice.

Jed Madela
John Edward Tiña Tajanlangit (born July 14, 1977), professionally known as Jed Madela, is a Filipino singer, songwriter, TV host, entertainer and occasional actor. He was the first Filipino to win the World Championships of Performing Arts title.
Mark Gaskell
Mark Gaskell (born 17 October 1956) is an Australian cricketer. He played in sixteen first-class matches and three List-A matches for Queensland between 1977/78 and 1982/83. His father, Brian, was a life member of Queensland Cricket who played for Eastern Suburbs in Brisbane Grade Cricket and served as State Director of Coaching.

Queensland Premier Cricket
Queensland Premier Cricket is the top cricket competition played in Queensland, Australia. The competition was founded under the name Brisbane Electoral Cricket in 1897 and eventually came to be known as Brisbane Grade Cricket, but has since expanded to take in teams from Gold Coast, Sunshine Coast, and Ipswich.

As of the 2019/20 season there were six grades in the Two-Day Bulls Masters competition. In addition to the two-day Grade competition there is also a One-Day competition for the John McKnoulty Cup and a T20 competition for the Tom Veivers Trophy. There is also a women's One-Day competition for the Katherine Raymont Shield contested by eight sides as of the 2020/21 season, and a women's T20 competition under Queensland Premier Cricket.

Easts-Redlands are the reigning First Grade premiers, and Gold Coast are the reigning premiers in both the One Day and T20 competitions.
Witankowo
Witankowo [vitaŋˈkɔvɔ] (German: Wittkow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wałcz, within Wałcz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) east of Wałcz and 134 km (83 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Wałcz County
Wałcz County (Polish: powiat wałecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wałcz, which lies 127 kilometres (79 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains three other towns: Mirosławiec, 27 km (17 mi) west of Wałcz, Człopa, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Wałcz, and Tuczno, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Wałcz.

The county covers an area of 1,414.79 square kilometres (546.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 54,639, out of which the population of Wałcz is 26,140, that of Mirosławiec is 2,633, that of Człopa is 2,390, that of Tuczno is 1,965, and the rural population is 21,511.
Verticali
Vertical (Russian: Вертикаль) is a Russian company that engaged in the construction and further leasing of towers to mobile operators such as MTS, MegaFon, VimpelCom and Tele2 Russia. According to the research done by Advanced Communications & Media (AC&M), in the first half of 2019, Vertical was the second largest independent telecom infrastructure company in Russia, owning 3500 towers.

Veon (company)
VEON Ltd. (formerly VimpelCom Ltd.), also known as VEON Group, is a multinational telecommunication and digital services company. Headquartered in Dubai, the company is publicly traded on the U.S.-based NASDAQ stock exchange. VEON operates in six markets in Europe and Asia, including Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. Specific brands include Banglalink in Bangladesh, Jazz in Pakistan, Kyivstar in Ukraine, and units operating in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan under the Beeline brand. In 2024, the company had 160 million total customers, 1.8 million fixed line customers, and 111 million monthly active users of its digital services, with products and services in areas such as mobile financial services, entertainment, health, and education among others.
Jagdstaffel 38
Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 38, commonly abbreviated to Jasta 38, was a "hunting group" (i.e., fighter squadron) of the Luftstreitkräfte, the air arm of the Imperial German Army during World War I. The unit would score 17 aerial victories during the war. The squadron's victories came at the expense of four losses, including one killed in action, one injured in a flying accident, and one wounded in action.

Luftstreitkräfte
The Deutsche Luftstreitkräfte (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈlʊftˌʃtʁaɪtkʁɛftə], German Air Combat Forces) – known before October 1916 as Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches (The Imperial German Air Service, lit. "The flying troops of the German Imperial Realm") – was the air arm of the Imperial German Army. In English-language sources it is usually referred to as the Imperial German Air Service, although that is not a literal translation of either name. German naval aviators of the Marine-Fliegerabteilung were an integral part of the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). Both military branches operated aeroplanes, observation balloons and airships.
Piñon Hills, California
Piñon Hills (from piñón, Spanish for 'pine nut') is a census-designated place in San Bernardino County, California, near the Los Angeles County line. It is located along Pearblossom Highway, 28 miles east of Palmdale, and 15 miles west of the Cajon Pass where Pearblossom Highway meets Interstate 15. The town lies within 25 miles of Hesperia and Victorville. Piñon Hills is in a tri-community that consists of Piñon Hills, Phelan, and Wrightwood. The elevation is 4,173 feet (1,272 m). The population was 7,258 at the 2020 census.

Victorville, California
Victorville is a city in the Victor Valley in San Bernardino County, California. Its population as of the 2020 census was 134,810.

Victorville is the principal city of a Victor Valley–based urban area defined by the United States Census Bureau: the Victorville–Hesperia–Apple Valley urban area had a population of 355,816 as of the 2020 census, making it the 117th largest in the United States.
Gene Bissell Field
Gene Bissell Field at JRI Hospitality Stadium is a stadium located on the campus of Kansas Wesleyan University in Salina, Kansas. The facility is part of the Graves Family Sports Complex and serves as home field for the Kansas Wesleyan Coyotes football, soccer, and track and field teams.

Kansas Wesleyan University
Kansas Wesleyan University is a private Christian university in Salina, Kansas, United States. Founded in 1886, it is affiliated with the United Methodist Church and accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. It has over 900 students and a 28-acre (11 ha) campus.
Varkaus
Varkaus, before 1929 known as Warkaus, is a Middle-Savonian industrial town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the former province of Eastern Finland and is part of the North Savo region, between the city of Kuopio and the town of Savonlinna.

The municipality has a population of 19,603 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 524.48 square kilometres (202.50 sq mi) of which 138.45 km2 (53.46 sq mi) is water. The population density is 50.84 inhabitants per square kilometre (131.7/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish. In old Finnish 'Varkaus' meant strait, and this city is located in the lake district on straits between two parts of Lake Saimaa. An extension of the Saimaa Canal passes through the town.

Saimaa Canal
The Saimaa Canal (Finnish: Saimaan kanava; Swedish: Saima kanal; Russian: Сайменский канал) is a transportation canal that connects lake Saimaa with the Gulf of Finland near Vyborg, Russia. The canal was built from 1845 to 1856 and opened on 7 September [O.S. 26 August] 1856. It was overhauled and widened in 1963–1968.

A system of inland waterways and canals in the 120 interconnected lakes of the south-central and south-east part of Finland (Finnish Lakeland) are reached through the canal. The network of deep channels in Lake Saimaa with at least a draught of 4.2 m (14 ft) covers 814 km (506 mi). The deep channels extend all the way to Kuopio in Central Finland. The canal is closed in the winter.
Leasingthorne
Leasingthorne is a hamlet and former pit village in County Durham, England. It is situated to the east of Bishop Auckland, near Coundon. Located in the Durham Coalfield, most of the former pit village of Leasingthorne was demolished in 1969 after the colliery closed, as Durham County Council's policy at the time preferred demolition over regeneration. There was also a brickworks in the village. In the 2001 census the village had a population of 41.

Coundon
Coundon is an old mining village and former civil parish in the County Durham district, in the ceremonial county of Durham, England. The Boldon Book mentions a mine in Coundon in the twelfth century. In 2001 it had a population of 2611. In 2011 the ward had a population of 7139.
Portchester Community School
Portchester Community School is a mixed comprehensive community school for 11- to 16-year-olds in Portchester, England.

As of January 2015, the date of the last Ofsted inspection, the school has been rated overall as 'good'.

Community school (England and Wales)
A community school in England and Wales is a type of state-funded school in which the local education authority employs the school's staff, is responsible for the school's admissions and owns the school's estate. The formal use of this name to describe a school derives from the School Standards and Framework Act 1998.
Martin v. Ohio
Martin v. Ohio, 480 U.S. 228 (1987), is a criminal case in which the United States Supreme Court held that the presumption of innocence requiring prosecution to prove each element of a crime beyond a reasonable doubt only applies to elements of the offense, and does not extend to the defense of justification, whereby states could legislate a burden on the defense to prove justification.: 18  The decision was split 5–4.: 18  The decision does not preclude states from requiring such a burden on the prosecution in their laws.: 18

Criminal procedure
Criminal procedure is the adjudication process of the criminal law. While criminal procedure differs dramatically by jurisdiction, the process generally begins with a formal criminal charge with the person on trial either being free on bail or incarcerated, and results in the conviction or acquittal of the defendant. Criminal procedure can be either in form of inquisitorial or adversarial criminal procedure.