hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
San Cosmo Albanese
San Cosmo Albanese (Arbëreshë Albanian: Strigàri; Calabrian: San Cuòsimu) is a village and comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy.

In the territory of the current village a tiny rural settlement called Santo Cosma, formerly dependent on the local Basilian monastery, existed prior to the arrival of Albanians. Following the collapse of Albanian resistance to the Ottoman Empire, Albanian Christians migrated to Italy and settled in the village. As a result, today the village is home to an Arbëresh community.

Province of Cosenza
The province of Cosenza (Italian: provincia di Cosenza) is a province in the region of Calabria in Italy. Its capital is the city of Cosenza. It has a population of 669,239 across its 150 municipalities.

The province of Cosenza contains a community of Occitan language (also known as Langue d'oc) speakers in Guardia Piemontese: it was formed by Vaudoi or Waldensian movement members, who moved to Cosenza to avoid religious persecution, in the 13th and 14th centuries. Many of the Arbëreshë Albanians of Italy live in the province, since arriving in the 16th century to flee the religious persecution undertaken by the Ottoman Empire.
Krunkelbach Pit
The Krunkelbach Pit (German: Grube Krunkelbach), also known as the Hans Paul Pit (Grube Hans Paul), was a mine established to investigate a uranium deposit in the High Black Forest near the municipality of Menzenschwand, today part of St. Blasien in the county of Waldshut in the south German state of Baden-Württemberg. Located on the edge of the nature reserve of Feldberg, operation of the mine was abandoned between 1961 and 1991 due to protests from local residents, conservationists and environmentalists as well as the anti-nuclear movement. In the 1970s, plans to use water from the pit that contained radon in order to build an exclusive health spa around Menzenschwand, were cancelled. Since 2005, water from the uranium ore deposit has been used to run a radon bath in Menzenschwand.

Mineral diversity is very high: >95 minerals were found here. It is a type locality of Arsenuranospathite, Chadwickite, Metakahlerite, Metakirchheimerite, Metauranospinite Pharmacolite.

Waldshut (district)
Waldshut (German pronunciation: [ˌvalt͡sˈhuːt]) is a Landkreis (district) in the south of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (clockwise from the west) Lörrach, Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and Schwarzwald-Baar; followed in the south by the Swiss cantons of Schaffhausen, Zürich and Aargau.
John III, Count of Nassau-Siegen
Count John III the Younger of Nassau-Siegen (d. 18 April 1430), German: Johann III. der Jüngere Graf von Nassau-Siegen, succeeded, with his brothers, his father in 1416 as Count of Nassau-Siegen (a part of the County of Nassau). With his brothers, he inherited the County of Vianden in 1417, and also inherited half of the County of Diez in 1420. He descended from the Ottonian Line of the House of Nassau.

Dillenburg
Dillenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈdɪlənbʊʁk] ⓘ), officially Oranienstadt Dillenburg, is a town in Hesse's Gießen region in Germany. The town was formerly the seat of the old Dillkreis district, which is now part of the Lahn-Dill-Kreis.

The town lies on the German-Dutch holiday road called the Orange Route, joining towns, cities and regions associated with the House of Orange-Nassau, as well as on the German Timber-Frame Road and the Rothaarsteig hiking trail.
Hans Daubmann
Hans Daubmann (born in Torgau, died in 1573 in Königsberg) was a German printer, active in Nuremberg and then Königsberg, Ducal Prussia (at the time a fief of Kingdom of Poland). He moved to Königsberg in 1554, where he was the official printer of Duke Albert. Daubmann was responsible for printing Lutheran religious texts, as well as the Duke's edicts.

Duchy of Prussia
The Duchy of Prussia (German: Herzogtum Preußen, Polish: Księstwo Pruskie, Lithuanian: Prūsijos kunigaikštystė) or Ducal Prussia (German: Herzogliches Preußen; Polish: Prusy Książęce) was a duchy in the region of Prussia established as a result of secularization of the Monastic Prussia, the territory that remained under the control of the State of the Teutonic Order until the Protestant Reformation in 1525.
Snapphanar (miniseries)
Snapphanar is a Swedish miniseries directed by Måns Mårlind and Björn Stein that aired in three parts on Sveriges Television during Christmas 2006. It is a historical drama about the Snapphane peasant rebel movement that fought against the Swedish rule of Scania in the 17th century. The "Snapphanar" fought secretly for Denmark during 1660–1700.

The miniseries was criticised by historians due to a perceived lack of historical accuracy. The Scanian nationalist attitudes portrayed in the series did not exist in the 17th century and the term snapphane - used for self-identification in the series - was in fact a derogatory term used by Swedes.

Måns Mårlind
Måns Magnus Mårlind (born 29 July 1969) is a Swedish director and screenwriter. After making his feature film debut in 2005, he co-directed the big-budget horror films Shelter (2010) and Underworld: Awakening (2012). He co-created the Danish-Swedish crime thriller The Bridge (2011–2018).  This was adapted as The Tunnel, a British-French production that ran from 2013-2018.
Ladies' Mile Historic District
The Ladies' Mile Historic District was a prime shopping district in Manhattan, New York City, at the end of the 19th century, serving the well-to-do "carriage trade" of the city. It was designated in May 1989, by the New York City Landmark Preservation Commission to preserve an irregular district of 440 buildings on 28 blocks and parts of blocks, from roughly 15th Street to 24th Street and from Park Avenue South to west of the Avenue of the Americas (Sixth Avenue). Community groups such as the Drive to Protect the Ladies' Mile District and the Historic Districts Council campaigned heavily for the status.

The Ladies' Mile Historic District contains mostly multi-story store and loft buildings. These buildings became common after 1899 when laws prohibited combined home and production areas without a permit, causing people who had previously worked at home to seek commercial spaces; the rise of unions which advocated for better working conditions also contributed to the development.

Loft
A loft is a building's upper storey or elevated area in a room directly under the roof (American usage), or just an attic: a storage space under the roof usually accessed by a ladder (primarily British usage). A loft apartment refers to large adaptable open space, often converted for residential use (a converted loft) from some other use, often light industrial.
Ospedale Maggiore di Bologna
The Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi" belongs to the Azienda Sanitaria Locale (local health authority) of Bologna, together with Ospedale Bellaria "C. A.Pizzardi". It is the second largest district general hospital in Bologna with more than 900 beds, after the Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi (which is public but a teaching hospital) so it is autonomous and does not belong to the ASL).

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
¿Quién quiere ser millonario?
¿Quién quiere ser millonario? is the title of several Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? franchise game shows in Spanish-speaking countries.

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Argentine game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Chilean game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Colombian game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Costa Rican game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Ecuadorian game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Salvadoran game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Mexican game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Peruvian game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Panamanian game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Spanish game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Uruguayan game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Venezuelan game show)

¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Venezuelan game show)
¿Quién Quiere ser Millonario?  (English translation: Who Wants to be a Millionaire?) was a Venezuelan game show based on the British format of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. The show offered large cash prizes for correctly answering a series of randomized multiple-choice questions of varying difficulties. It was hosted by Eladio Lárez, and broadcast from the Teatro La Campina.

It was labeled by the Venezuelan press and critics as the best and most popular game show in the country, though the format is repeated in other Latin American countries.
Diocese of Allentown
The Diocese of Allentown (Latin: Diœcesis Alanpolitana) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the Lehigh Valley region of Pennsylvania in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Philadelphia. The mother church of the Diocese of Allentown is the Cathedral Church of Saint Catharine of Siena in Allentown. The bishop is Alfred A. Schlert.

The Diocese of Allentown covers Berks, Carbon, Lehigh, Northampton and Schuylkill counties. As of 2025, the diocese had a registered population of 205,000 served by 78 parishes.

Carbon County, Pennsylvania
Carbon County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,749. The county is part of the Northeast region of the commonwealth.

The county borders Lehigh and Northampton counties in the state's Lehigh Valley region to its south, Monroe County to its east, Luzerne County to its north, and Schuylkill County to its west. The county is approximately 33 miles (53 km) northwest of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 117 miles (188 km) west of New York City, the nation's largest city.

The county seat is Jim Thorpe, which was founded in 1818 as Mauch Chunk. The Lehigh River, a 109-mile-long (175 km) tributary of the Delaware River, flows through Carbon County.
Tom Iansek
Tom Iansek is a Melbourne-based Australian record producer and songwriter, best known for his work with #1 Dads, Big Scary, and No Mono. Iansek has produced music for Emma Louise, Airling, Lanks, and Slum Sociable.

Emma Louise
Emma Louise Lobb (born 16 July 1991), known professionally as Emma Louise, is an Australian singer-songwriter. She is best known for her 2011 debut single "Jungle". Two studio albums, Vs Head vs Heart (March 2013) and Supercry (July 2016), have reached the ARIA Albums Chart top 15. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2013 she was nominated for Best Female Artist.
Book Row
Book Row was a district in New York City from the 1890s to the 1960s composed of six city blocks which, at its peak, contained over three dozen bookstores. Many – if not most – of the places were used bookstores. In its heyday, Book Row spanned the stretch of Fourth Avenue between Union Square and Astor Place. Other names for it included "Booksellers' Row" and "Second-Hand Row."

By the 1960s, skyrocketing rents had forced most of the bookstores to move or close. Apartments replaced most of the former storefronts. Another factor contributing to Book Row's decline was the retirements and/or deaths of the stores' original owners. By 1984, just two stores remained on Fourth Avenue. The only bookstore from Book Row that survives today is the Strand Bookstore, which moved away in 1957 due to major rent increases.

Bookselling
Bookselling is the commercial trading of books, which is the retail and distribution end of the publishing process.

People who engage in bookselling are called booksellers, bookdealers, book people, bookmen, or bookwomen.
Mark Brody
Mark Allen Brody (born December 6, 1951) is a Wisconsin-born Republican member of the North Carolina House of Representatives. He has represented the 55th district (including constituents in Anson and Union counties) since 2013.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
NanoMagSat
NanoMagSat (Scout 3) is a future satellite constellation under development by the European Space Agency (ESA) for the study of Earth's magnetic field and ionosphere. The mission will consist of three 16U CubeSats named Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie (A, B, and C) in low-Earth orbit at an altitude of 545 km, two at an inclination of 60° and one in polar orbit. Each satellite will be equipped with a long deployable boom carrying an absolute magnetometer at its end and a high-frequency magnetometer positioned midway along the boom. The body of each satellite will carry a multi-needle Langmuir Probe and two GNSS receivers. The satellites are being built by the UK-based company Open Cosmos and their first launch is expected in late 2027.

Langmuir probe
A Langmuir probe is a device used to determine the electron temperature, electron density, and electric potential of a plasma. It works by inserting one or more electrodes into a plasma, with a constant or time-varying electric potential between the various electrodes or between them and the surrounding vessel. The measured currents and potentials in this system allow the determination of the physical properties of the plasma.
Kulullû
Kulullû, inscribed 𒄩𒇽𒍇𒇻, "Fish-Man", was an ancient Mesopotamian mythical monster possibly inherited by Marduk from his father Ea. In later Assyrian mythology, he was associated with kuliltu, "Fish-Woman", and statues of them were apparently located in the Nabû temple in Nimrud, ancient Kalhu, as referenced on a contemporary administrative text.

LÚ
The cuneiform sign LÚ (𒇽) is the sign used for "man"; its complement is the symbol for woman: šal (𒊩). Cuneiform LÚ, (or lú as rendered in some texts) is found as a Sumerogram in the Epic of Gilgamesh. It also has a common usage in the 1350 BC Amarna letters as the Sumerogram for "man".

In the Epic of Gilgamesh, LÚ is only used as the Sumerogram, LÚ-(58 times).

Both lú, for "man", and šal for "woman" are also considered as determinatives. In the Amarna letters' Rainey's glossary (Rainey 1970) which is the glossary for Akkadian language words, Sumerograms, etc., for Amarna letters EA 359–379, uses for both LÚ and lú are recorded. For the Amarna letters in Rainey's glossary, "LÚ" as the Sumerogram becomes Akkadian amēlu, for "man".
Tony Stevenson
Anthony Stevenson (born 24 July 1988) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a right back and midfielder for Petershill in the Scottish Junior Football Association, West Region. He has previously played in the Scottish Premier League for Hamilton Academical.

Clyde F.C.
Clyde Football Club is a Scottish semi-professional football club who play in Scottish League Two. Nicknamed the Bully Wee, the club was formed in 1877 at the River Clyde in Glasgow, the club currently host their home matches at New Douglas Park in Hamilton, having played at Broadwood Stadium in Cumbernauld from 1994 until 2022.

The club's biggest accomplishments are winning the Scottish Cup on three occasions: 1939, 1955 and 1958; they reached the final a further three times, all during a long period based at Shawfield, in Rutherglen. They have not played in the top division of Scottish football since 1975.

The club have been managed by Darren Young since October 2024.
CRM197
CRM197 is a non-toxic mutant of diphtheria toxin, currently used in certain vaccines as a carrier protein for polysaccharides and haptens to make them immunogenic.
There is some dispute about the toxicity of CRM197, with evidence that it is toxic to yeast cells and some mammalian cell lines.

Diphtheria toxin
Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted mainly by Corynebacterium diphtheriae (but also by Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis),  the pathogenic bacterium that causes diphtheria. The toxin gene is encoded by a prophage called corynephage β.
The toxin causes the disease in humans by gaining entry into the cell cytoplasm and inhibiting protein synthesis.
Wesely
Wesely is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Wesely (born 1945), American wargamer, board game designer, and video game developer

Don Wesely (1954–2025), American politician

Ferdinand Wesely (1897–1949), Austrian footballer and coach

Inka Wesely (born 1991), German football player

Michael Wesely (born 1963), German art photographer

Ferdinand Wesely
Ferdinand Wesely (30 May 1897 – 19 March 1949) was an Austrian footballer and coach. He was son of the shoemaker Jakob Wesely (d. 1918) and Antonie. As a first class seaman, he was assigned to the battleship SMS Zrínyi in August 1914 and served on various ships in the Navy throughout the First World War. As of 1929 he was married to the merchant's daughter Martha née Hörmann.
Flame holder
A flame holder is a bluff body mounted in high-velocity combustible flow to create a local region of turbulence and low velocity in which a flame is stabilized.

Jet engine afterburners and ramjets require a flame holder.

The simplest design, often used in amateur projects, is the can-type flame holder, which consists of a can covered in small holes. Much more effective is the H-gutter flame holder, which is shaped like a letter H with a curve facing and opposing the flow of air. Even more effective, however, is the V-gutter flame holder, which is shaped like a V with the point in the direction facing the flow of air. Some studies have suggested that adding a small amount of base bleed to a V-gutter helps reduce drag without reducing effectiveness. The most effective of the flame holders are the step type flame holder and the strut type flame holder.

The first mathematical model of a flame holder was proposed in 1953.

Base bleed
Base bleed or base burn (BB) is a system used on some artillery shells to increase range, typically by about 20%–35%. It expels gas into the low-pressure area behind the shell to reduce base drag (but does not produce thrust, unlike rocket-assisted projectiles). Being percentage-based, the range extension is more useful on longer-range artillery where an increase of approximately 5–15 kilometres (3.1–9.3 mi) can be achieved, and it also was found that the reduced turbulence gave the projectiles a more consistent trajectory, resulting in tighter grouping, and efficient shelling more than 40 kilometres (25 mi) away.

Base bleed technology was developed in Sweden in the mid-1960s but took some time to spread and find its niche between cheaper classical ordnance and even more expensive rocket-assisted projectiles. It is now a fairly common option.
MFC 23
MFC 23: Unstoppable was a mixed martial arts event held by the Maximum Fighting Championship (MFC) on December 4, 2009, at the River Cree Resort and Casino in Enoch, Alberta. The main event featured former UFC contender Thales Leites taking on fellow UFC veteran Dean Lister. The co-main event featured Jason MacDonald taking on Solomon Hutcherson. The event aired live on HDNet.

Solomon Hutcherson
Solomon Hutcherson (born August 13, 1972) is an American professional mixed martial arts fighter formerly competing in the Middleweight division. He was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter 3, and has competed for the UFC and MFC.
Ilmensky Mountains
The Ilmensky Mountains (Russian: Ильменские горы, romanized: Il'menskiye gory) are located in the Southern Urals in the Chelyabinsk Oblast on the administrative territory of Miass in Chebarkulsky and Argayashsky districts.  They are on the Tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

They are famous for their precious (like topaz and beryl) and semi-precious stones, such as amazonite and rare metals, found in pegmatites and nepheline syenites. Ilmenite is named after them, after being found here. Now, most part of Ilmensky Mountains are inside strict Ilmen Nature Reserve and all mining activities there are prohibited.

Nepheline syenite
Nepheline syenite is a holocrystalline plutonic rock that consists largely of nepheline and alkali feldspar. The rocks are mostly pale colored, grey or pink, and in general appearance they are not unlike granites, but dark green varieties are also known. Phonolite is the fine-grained extrusive equivalent.
Lourdes Cuesta
María de Lourdes Cuesta Orellana (born 5 October 1976) is an Ecuadorian politician who was a member of the CREO party until she left. She stood again for election for the Social Christian Party. She represents the Province of Azuay.

Azuay Province
Azuay (English: /əˈzwaɪ/, Spanish: [aˈswaj] ⓘ), Province of Azuay is a province of Ecuador, created on 25 June 1824. It encompasses an area of 8,171 square kilometres (3,155 sq mi). Its capital and largest city is Cuenca. It is located in the south center of Ecuador in the highlands. Its mountains reach 4,500 m (14,800 ft) above sea level in the national park of El Cajas.

Azuay is located on the Panamerican Highway. Cuenca is connected by national flights from Quito and Guayaquil. It has the largest hydroelectric plant of the country, situated on the river Paute.
Igor Valeev
Igor Valeev (born 9 January 1981) is a retired Russian professional ice hockey player who last played for the Edinburgh Capitals. Valeev previously played with Chelmet Chelyabinsk in the Vysshaya hokkeinaya liga (VHL), and was selected by the St. Louis Blues in the fourth round (122nd overall) of the 2001 NHL Entry Draft.

All-Russian Hockey League
The All-Russian Hockey League (VHL) (Russian: Всероссийская хоккейная лига (ВХЛ), Vserossiyskaya hokkeinaya liga (VHL)), also known as the Supreme Hockey League, Major Hockey League or Higher Hockey League (HHL) (Russian: Высшая хоккейная лига, Vysshaya hokkeinaya liga), is a professional ice hockey league in Eurasia, and the second highest level of Russian hockey.

As the Kontinental Hockey League, the top tier of Russian ice hockey, is independent from the Ice Hockey Federation of Russia, the VHL's champion is also declared the Champion of Russia.