hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Asteroidal water
Asteroidal water is water or water precursor deposits such as hydroxide (OH−) that exist in asteroids (i.e., small Solar System bodies (SSSBs) not explicitly in the subcategory of comets). The "snow line" of the Solar System lies outside of the main asteroid belt, and the majority of water is expected in minor planets (e.g. Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) and Centaurs). Nevertheless, a significant amount of water is also found inside the snow line, including in near-earth objects (NEOs).

The formation of asteroidal water mirrors that of water formation in the Solar System, either from transfer via bombardment, migration, ejection, or other means. Asteroidal water has recently been pursued as a resource to support deep space exploration activities, for example, for use as a rocket propellant, human consumption, or for agricultural production.

Rocket propellant
Rocket propellant is used as a reaction mass ejected from a rocket engine to produce thrust. The energy required can either come from the propellants themselves, as with a chemical rocket, or from an external source, as with ion engines.
St. Gerard Church, The Valley
St. Gerard Church is a religious building located in the town of The Valley, capital of the British overseas territory of Anguilla,  in the Lesser Antilles, Caribbean Sea.

The temple follows the Roman or Latin rite and depends on the Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint John's – Basseterre (Dioecesis Sancti Ioannis Imatellurana) which was created in 1971 by Pope Paul VI by the Bull "Cum nobis" and is headquartered in the city of St. John's in Antigua and Barbuda.

The Catholic community organised in this place dates back to 1948 when a small chapel was built; the structure was destroyed by a hurricane in 1961. Catholics gathered at the site known as Wallblake House until 1966 when the present church was completed.

Diocese of Saint John's–Basseterre
The Diocese of Saint John's–Basseterre (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Ioannis–Imatellurana) is a diocese of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church, covering five English-speaking jurisdictions in the Caribbean. The bishopric is a suffragan of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Castries, and a member of the Antilles Episcopal Conference, but remains dependent on the missionary Dicastery for Evangelization.
Series 90 (software platform)
The Series 90 (S90, formerly Hildon) is a platform for mobile phones that use the Symbian operating system (OS). It was developed by Nokia together with Psion. It was released in 2003 and was to be the platform for the Nokia 7700 which was cancelled, but S90 made it to market eventually in the Nokia 7710.

Nokia discontinued Series 90 as a platform, but merged its technology into S60. Although only one production Series 90 device was made, a form of the graphical user interface (GUI) continued on as Nokia's Hildon user interface in the Maemo shipped with Nokia Internet Tablets.

Nokia Internet Tablet
The Nokia Internet Tablet is a discontinued line of Nokia mobile Internet appliances products.  These tablets fall in the range between a personal digital assistant (PDA) and an Ultra-Mobile PC (UMPC), and slightly below Intel's Mobile Internet device (MID).
John Stanbridge
John Stanbridge (1463–1510) was an English grammarian and schoolmaster.

He was born in Heyford, Northamptonshire and educated at Winchester College. In 1480 he went to New College, Oxford and stayed until 1486, when he joined the staff of the newly founded Magdalen College School, founded by William Waynflete. Stanbridge became headmaster in 1488, following the death of John Anwykyll.

He is best remembered for the series of educational books which he wrote and edited:

Accidence (c.1505)

Parvulorum institutio (c.1507)

Gradus comparationum together with Sum es fui (c.1509)

Vulgaria (c.1509)

Vocabula (1510)

These works were important as they were among the first in England to incorporate humanist educational principles and standards of Latin with the older style of teaching materials.

William Waynflete
William Waynflete (c. 1398 – 11 August 1486), born William Patten, was Headmaster of Winchester College (1429–1441), Provost of Eton College (1442–1447), Bishop of Winchester (1447–1486) and Lord Chancellor of England (1456–1460). He founded Magdalen College, Oxford, and three subsidiary schools, namely Magdalen College School in Oxford, Magdalen College School, Brackley in Northamptonshire and Wainfleet All Saints in Lincolnshire.
Abington Meadows
Abington Meadows is a 9.6-hectare (24-acre) nature reserve in Northampton. It is owned by Northamptonshire County Council and managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.

This is marshy grassland with diverse wildlife. 421 species of invertebrates have been recorded, and flora include great burnet, purple loosestrife and the nationally rare pennyroyal. There are birds such as snipe.

There is access from Weston Mill Lane and the Nene Way footpath.

Common snipe
The common snipe (Gallinago gallinago, formerly also known as Gallinago cælestis) is a small, stocky wader native to the Old World, where it breeds in marshes, bogs, tundra and wet meadows. It is usually shy and well-camouflaged, foraging in soft mud mainly for insects and earthworms but also some plant material. During courtship, males perform a "winnowing" display; flying high in circles and then taking shallow dives to produce a "drumming" sound by vibrating the tail feathers.
Herbrechtingen
Herbrechtingen (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛʁbʁɛçtɪŋən] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Heidenheim in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated on the river Brenz, 7 km south of Heidenheim, and 28 km northeast of Ulm.

Brenz (river)
The Brenz (German pronunciation: [bʁɛnts] ⓘ) is a river in Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Danube. Its source is at a spring in the town of Königsbronn and it flows for 52 kilometers before meeting the Danube at Lauingen, a few kilometers west of Dillingen. It flows through the towns of Königsbronn, Heidenheim an der Brenz, Giengen and Lauingen.
North Kildare Reapers
The North Kildare Reapers were an American football team which formed in 2012 and participated in the IAFL from the 2013 to the 2017 season. The team merged with the South Kildare Soldiers after the 2017 season, with the merged club becoming known as the Cill Dara Crusaders.

The original club's first year of competition was 2013. They were a fully kitted team playing under the 2014 NCAA rules, as governed by the Irish American Football League. The team trained and played their home games at North Kildare Rugby Club in Kilcock, County Kildare.

American Football Ireland
American Football Ireland (AFI) is the national governing body for American football on the island of Ireland, with teams across both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Founded in 1984, it is entirely run by volunteers and played by amateurs. The senior men's full-contact league currently consists of a two-division promotion and relegation system with 8 teams in each division, with the Premier Division playoff champions being awarded the Shamrock Bowl. AFI also organizes developmental youth leagues, co-ed and women's flag football competitions, as well as overseeing the Irish Wolfhounds national team which competes in IFAF competitions.
2025 UNCAF U-19 Tournament
The 2025 UNCAF U-19 Tournament, also known as UNCAF FIFA Forward Men's U-19 Tournament (Spanish: Torneo UNCAF Sub-19 FIFA Forward), was the fourth edition of the UNCAF U-19 Tournament, the biennial international youth football tournament organised by the Central American Football Union (UNCAF) for the men's under-19 national teams of the Central America region. It was held in Panama City, Panama between 5 and 11 December 2024.

The tournament's purpose is for the UNCAF teams to prepare for the upcoming 2026 CONCACAF U-20 Championship but it is not a qualifier. Originally planned to take place in early 2026, this edition has been brought forward to December 2025.

Costa Rica won their second UNCAF U-19 title by beating Panama 4–3 on penalties following a 0–0 draw in the final. Defending champions Guatemala failed to retain their title and finished fourth after losing to Honduras 2–4 on penalties after a 0–0 draw in the third-place match.

Guatemala national under-20 football team
The Guatemala national Under-20 football team is the national under-20 age level football team of Guatemala, and represents the nation in under-20 international matches.

The team has qualified to the FIFA U-20 World Cup twice, in 2011 and 2023. It finished in the top 4 of the CONCACAF region at the 2011 CONCACAF U-20 Championship, earning the first participation in a World Cup finals tournament at any level for Guatemala.
WCGX
WCGX (1360 AM) is a radio station licensed to Galax, Virginia, serving Carroll and Grayson counties and the Independent City of Galax in Virginia. Owned by Twin County Broadcasting Corporation, the station airs an oldies format.

Independent city (United States)
In the United States, an independent city is a city that is not in the territory of any county or counties and is considered a primary administrative division of its state. Independent cities are classified by the United States Census Bureau as "county equivalents" and may also have similar governmental powers to a consolidated city-county or a unitary authority. However, in the case of a consolidated city-county, a city and a county were merged into a unified jurisdiction in which the county at least nominally exists to this day, whereas an independent city was legally separated from any county or merged with a county that simultaneously ceased to exist even in name.

Of the 41 independent U.S. cities, 38 are in Virginia, whose state constitution makes them a special case. The three independent cities outside Virginia are Baltimore, Maryland; St. Louis, Missouri; and Carson City, Nevada. Baltimore is the most populous independent city in the United States.
Crab fisheries
Crab fisheries are fisheries which capture or farm crabs. True crabs make up 20% of all crustaceans caught and farmed worldwide, with about 1.4 million tonnes being consumed annually. The horse crab, Portunus trituberculatus, accounts for one quarter of that total. Other important species include flower crabs (Portunus pelagicus), snow crabs (Chionoecetes), blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus), edible or brown crabs (Cancer pagurus), Dungeness crab (Metacarcinus magister), and mud crabs (Scylla serrata), each of which provides more than 20,000 tonnes annually.

Chionoecetes
Chionoecetes is a genus of crabs that live in the northern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

Common names for crabs in this genus include "queen crab" (in Canada) and "spider crab". The generic name Chionoecetes means snow (χιών, chion) inhabitant (οἰκητης, oiketes); opilio means shepherd, and C. opilio is the primary species referred to as snow crab. Marketing strategies, however, employ snow crab for any species in the genus Chionoecetes. The name "snow crab" refers to their being commonly found in cold northern oceans.
Bald Head River (Newfoundland)
The Bald Head River is a short river on the Avalon Peninsula in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It flows from an unnamed lake through Bald Head Pond to its mouth at the Atlantic Ocean near a headland named Bald Head and about 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi) northeast of the community of Bay Bulls.

Avalon Peninsula
The Avalon Peninsula (French: Péninsule d'Avalon) is a large peninsula that makes up the southeast portion of the island of Newfoundland in Canada. It is 9,220.61 square kilometres (3,560.10 sq mi) in size.

The peninsula is home to 270,348 people, about 52% of  the province's population, according to the 2016 Canadian census. The peninsula is the location of St. John's, the provincial capital and largest city. It is connected to the main section of the island by the 5 km (3 mi) wide Isthmus of Avalon. The peninsula protrudes into the rich fishing zones near the Grand Banks. Its four major bays (Trinity Bay, Conception Bay, St. Mary's Bay and Placentia Bay) have long been the centre of Newfoundland's fishing industry.
Bauli
Bauli S.p.A. is an Italian food company of bakery products such as pandoro, panettone, colomba and cornetti, founded in Verona in 1922 by pastry chef Ruggero Bauli.

Between 2020 and 2021, Bauli re-confirmed itself as the leader company in the recurrence market with a 37% share for Christmas and 33% for Easter.

Pandoro
Pandoro (Italian: [panˈdɔːro]) is an Italian sweet bread, most popular around Christmas and New Year. Typically a product of the city of Verona,  Veneto, pandoro traditionally has an eight-pointed shape. It is often dusted with vanilla scented icing sugar, which is said to resemble the snowy peaks of the Alps during Christmas. Its name and origins are attributed to the Italian pastry chef Domenico Melegatti.
1992 Torneo Godó – Doubles
Horacio de la Peña and Diego Nargiso were the defending champions, but Nargiso did not compete this year. De la Peña teamed up with Boris Becker and lost in the first round to Marcos Górriz and Jan Gunnarsson.

Andrés Gómez and Javier Sánchez won the title by defeating Ivan Lendl and Karel Nováček 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Jan Gunnarsson
Jan Gunnarsson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjɑːn ˈɡɵ̂nːaˌʂɔn]; born 30 May 1962) is a former tennis player from Sweden, who won one singles title in Vienna in 1985 (beating Libor Pimek in the final) and nine doubles titles on the world tour during his professional career. In 1989 he reached the semi-finals of Australian Open where he lost in straight sets to Miloslav Mečíř.

Along with Michael Mortensen he won the longest tie-break in tennis history at Wimbledon in 1985. The Swedish/Danish duo defeated John Frawley and Víctor Pecci in the first round.

The right-hander reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 25 in December 1985.
Shaver Lake, California
Shaver Lake (formerly Musick Creek and Musick Creek Heights) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fresno County, California, United States. The population was 580 at the 2020 census, down from 634 at the 2010 census. Shaver Lake is on the southwest end of the lake of the same name, 10 miles (16 km) east of New Auberry, at an elevation of 5,627 ft (1,715 m). The name honors C.B. Shaver, founder of the Fresno Flume and Irrigation Company that built the dam, creating the lake. The lake served as a mill pond for the Shaver Sawmill and the source for a flume that ran 65 miles (105 km) to Clovis. The original town of Shaver was inundated when the Thomas A. Edison Company purchased and enlarged the lake in 1919.

New Auberry, California
37°05′36″N 119°29′49″W﻿ / ﻿37.09333°N 119.49694°W﻿ / 37.09333; -119.49694

New Auberry (also, Auberry) is an unincorporated community in Fresno County, California. It is located 10 miles (16 km) west of Shaver Lake Heights, at an elevation of 2064 feet (629 m).
Greyhound of the Year Awards
The Greyhound of the Year Awards are the annual awards for the leading greyhounds in the United Kingdom.

The British Greyhound Breeders & Owners Association inaugurated the Silver Greyhound Awards in 1951 and every year the winners were announced at the annual dinner and ball at the Dorchester Hotel. In 1970 the voting switched to the Greyhound Trainers & Breeders Association and the venue changed to the London Hilton on Park Lane. In 1982 the Greyhound Writers Association took over the voting and today the awards are now known as the Greyhound Board of Great Britain annual awards which are held at a different venue every year.

On 14 February 2021, the 2020 awards were held as virtual event due to the lockdown that was in place as a consequence of COVID-19.

London Hilton on Park Lane
London Hilton on Park Lane is a hotel situated on Park Lane, overlooking Hyde Park, in the exclusive Mayfair district of Westminster. It is 100 metres (328 ft) tall, has 28 storeys and 453 rooms including 56 suites.
Radu Țârle
Radu Ţîrle (born 17 May 1967 in Criștioru de Jos, Bihor County) is a Romanian politician. He served in the European Parliament from 2005 to 2007, first as an Observer (before Romania joined the EU) and then as a Member of the European Parliament on behalf of the Democratic Party (EPP-ED). He later served as President of the County Council of Bihor, from 2008-2012. From 2004-2008, he served in the Romanian Parliament as a Senator.

Senate of Romania
The Senate (Romanian: Senat) is the upper house in the bicameral Parliament of Romania. It has 136 seats (before the 2016 parliamentary election the total number of elected representatives was 176), to which members are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation in 43 electoral districts (the 41 counties, the city of Bucharest plus 1 constituency for the Romanians living abroad), to serve four-year terms.
Buszcze
Buszcze [ˈbuʂt͡ʂɛ] (German: Buschhof) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Czaplinek, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) east of Czaplinek, 35 km (22 mi) east of Drawsko Pomorskie, and 116 km (72 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Drawsko Pomorskie
Drawsko Pomorskie [ˈdrafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] (until 1948 Polish: Drawsko; German: Dramburg) is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northwestern Poland. It is the administrative seat of Drawsko County and the urban-rural commune of Gmina Drawsko Pomorskie. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 11,292. It is home to the Drawsko Training Ground, one of the largest training areas in Poland.
Elise Takosi
Elise Takosi (born 7 November 1988) is a track and field athlete from New Caledonia.

At the 2009 Pacific Mini Games (Rarotonga), Takosi won silver for hammer throw with a throw of 49.80 metres. At the 2013 Pacific Mini Games (Mata-Utu), she won gold for hammer throw, with a throw of 53.63 metres. She also placed fifth for both the discus throw (35.12 metres) and shot put (11.32 metres).

Takosi has won three gold medals for hammer throw at the Pacific Games (2007, 2011, and 2015). At the 2007 Pacific Games in Apia she won with a throw of 47.41 metres, at the 2011 Pacific Games in Nouméa, she had a throw of 50.13 metres, and at the 2015 Pacific Games in Port Moresby wi, also setting the record for the games.

Takosi holds the record for New Caledonia in Hammer throw, with her personal best of 54.08 metres, set on 13 June 2011 in Colmar, France. Her personal best for discus throw is 41.90 metres (set in Niort) and for shot put is 12.74 metres (set in Saran).

Saran, Loiret
Saran (French pronunciation: [saʁɑ̃]) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France.

Saran has, considering its size, many sports facilities including two stadiums, indoor and outdoor tennis courts, one swimming pool and four gymnasiums.
Sodium tail of the Moon
The Moon has a comet-like tail of sodium atoms too faint to be detected by the human eye. Hundreds of thousands of kilometers long, the feature was discovered in 1998 as a result of scientists from Boston University observing the Leonid meteor shower.

The Moon is constantly releasing atomic sodium as a fine dust from its surface due to photon-stimulated desorption, solar wind sputtering, and meteorite impacts. Solar radiation pressure accelerates the sodium atoms away from the Sun, forming an elongated tail toward the antisolar direction.

The continual impacts of small meteorites produce a constant "tail" from the Moon, but the Leonids intensified it, thus making it more observable from Earth than usual.

The Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) Chandrayaan-2 mission discovered an abundance of sodium on the Moon in October 2023.

Sputtering
In physics, sputtering is a phenomenon in which microscopic particles of a solid material are ejected from its surface, after the material is itself bombarded by energetic particles of a plasma or gas. It occurs naturally in outer space, and can be an unwelcome source of wear in precision components. However, the fact that it can be made to act on extremely fine layers of material is utilised in science and industry—there, it is used to perform precise etching, carry out analytical techniques, and deposit thin film layers in the manufacture of optical coatings, semiconductor devices and nanotechnology products. It is a physical vapor deposition technique.
Northumbrian Gathering
The Northumbrian Gathering is an annual gathering held in Morpeth, Northumberland celebrating the traditional culture of Northumberland and the wider North East region. The gathering is held over a weekend in mid April and celebrates music, dance, crafts and dialects of the county, including reenactments of famous events including battles, exhibitions, competitions and workshops. The Border Cavalcade and Pageant through the town happens ever year and draws crowds. The 50th gathering took place in 2017, and consisted of several traditional dances, workshops, musical performances, a barn dance and the Border Cavalcade and Pageant.

North East England
North East England, often referred to as simply the North East within England, is one of nine official regions of England. It consists of County Durham, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear and part of North Yorkshire. With 2.6 million residents in 2022, it is the least populous region of England. Its largest settlements include Newcastle upon Tyne, Sunderland, Middlesbrough, Gateshead, Darlington and Hartlepool. The North East is covered by two mayoral combined authorities: North East Combined Authority and Tees Valley Combined Authority. It is one of three regions, the other two being North West England and Yorkshire and the Humber, that make up Northern England.
Television in Poland
Television in Poland was introduced on an experimental basis in 1937. It was state owned, and was interrupted by the Second World War in 1939. Television returned to Poland in 1952 and for several decades was controlled by the communist government. Colour television was introduced in Poland in 1971. Private television stations in Poland appeared around the time of the fall of communism, with PTV Echo (once a member of the local channels of Polonia 1) becoming the first private station in Poland (and in the former Eastern Bloc).

Timeline of the introduction of television in countries
This is a list of when the first publicly announced television broadcasts occurred in the mentioned countries. Non-public field tests and closed circuit demonstrations are not included.

This list should not be interpreted to mean the whole of a country had television service by the specified date. For example, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and the former Soviet Union all had operational television stations and a limited number of viewers by 1939. Very few cities in each country had television service. Television broadcasts were not yet available in most places.
Nong Het
Nong Het, also Nong Haet, Nonghet, Muang Nonghet or Nonghed, is a market town in Xiangkhouang Province in northeastern Laos, located about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from the border with Vietnam. It is the principal town of Nong Het District. It is located along Route 7,  119 kilometres (74 mi) east of Phonsavan, along the road which passes through Muang Kham and Ban Na Sala on the way to Nong Haet. Bus companies operating in the area have increased to cater for tourists. The population is primarily Hmong peoples.

Hmong people
The Hmong people (RPA: Hmoob, CHV: Hmôngz, Nyiakeng Puachue: 𞄀𞄩𞄰, Pahawh Hmong: 𖬌𖬣𖬵, IPA: [m̥ɔ̃́], Chinese: 苗族蒙人) are an ethnic group from East and Southeast Asia. In China, the Hmong people are classified as a sub-group of the Miao people. The modern Hmong reside mainly in Southwestern China and Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and Myanmar. There are also diaspora communities in the United States, Australia, France, and South America.