hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Regnier de Graaf
Regnier de Graaf (English spelling), original Dutch spelling Reinier de Graaf, or Latinized Reijnerus de Graeff (30 July 1641 – 17 August 1673), was a Dutch physician, physiologist and anatomist who made key discoveries in reproductive biology. He specialized in iatrochemistry and iatrogenesis, and was the first to develop a syringe to inject dye into human reproductive organs so that he could understand their structure and function.

Syringe
A syringe is a simple reciprocating pump consisting of a plunger (though in modern syringes, it is actually a piston) that fits tightly within a cylindrical tube called a barrel. The plunger can be linearly pulled and pushed along the inside of the tube, allowing the syringe to take in and expel liquid or gas through a discharge orifice at the front (open) end of the tube.  The open end of the syringe may be fitted with a hypodermic needle, a nozzle or tubing to direct the flow into and out of the barrel.  Syringes are frequently used in clinical medicine to administer injections, infuse intravenous therapy into the bloodstream, apply compounds such as glue or lubricant, and draw/measure liquids. There are also prefilled syringes (disposable syringes marketed with liquid inside).

The word "syringe" is derived from the Greek σῦριγξ (syrinx, meaning "Pan flute", "tube").
Wittig reaction
The Wittig reaction or Wittig olefination is a chemical reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with a triphenyl phosphonium ylide called a Wittig reagent.   Wittig reactions are most commonly used to convert aldehydes and ketones to alkenes. Most often, the Wittig reaction is used to introduce a methylene group using methylenetriphenylphosphorane (Ph3P=CH2). Using this reagent, even a sterically hindered ketone such as camphor can be converted to its methylene derivative.

Methylene group
A methylene group is any part of a molecule that consists of two hydrogen atoms bound to a carbon atom, which is connected to the remainder of the molecule by two single bonds. The group may be represented as −CH2− or >CH2, where the '>' denotes the two bonds.

This stands in contrast to a situation where the carbon atom is bound to the rest of the molecule by a double bond, which is preferably called a methylidene group, represented =CH2. Formerly the methylene name was used for both isomers. The name "methylene bridge" can be used for the single-bonded isomer, to emphatically exclude methylidene.  The distinction is often important, because the double bond is chemically different from two single bonds.

The methylene group should be distinguished from the CH2 molecule called carbene. This was also formerly called methylene.
Peg Dixon
Margaret Elizabeth Dixon (23 August 1923 – c. 26 October 2015), credited as Peg Dixon, was a Canadian actress. She was best known for her voice acting in Spider-Man. She was married to Ed McNamara.

She was also in an episode with Rob Paulsen. In the mid-1970s, Peg changed her name to Melissa, at the suggestion of her numerologist.

Rob Paulsen
Robert Frederick Paulsen III (born March 11, 1956) is an American voice actor and voice director, known for his roles in numerous animated television series and films. He received a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in an Animated Program and three Annie Awards for his role as both Yakko and Pinky in the Animaniacs franchise. His other voice roles include: Hadji in The New Adventures of Jonny Quest (1986–1987) and The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest (1996–1997); Raphael in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987) (1987–1996); Donatello in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2012) (2012–2017); P.J. Pete in Goof Troop (1992), A Goofy Movie (1995), and An Extremely Goofy Movie (2000); Carl Wheezer in Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius (2001) and its TV series (2002-2006); Jaq in Cinderella II: Dreams Come True (2002) and Cinderella III: A Twist in Time (2007); and Mac in The Looney Tunes Show (2011–2013) and Looney Tunes: Rabbits Run (2015).
Deaths in April 1997
The following is a list of notable deaths in April 1997.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Equestrian events at the 1948 Summer Olympics
The equestrian events at the 1948 London Summer Olympics included dressage, eventing, and show jumping. All three disciplines had both individual and team competitions. The competitions were held from 9 to 14 August 1948, with the first five days held in the military complex at Aldershot, the endurance day on the army grounds of Aldershot at Tweseldown, and the jumping at the Empire Stadium in Wembley. World War II resulted in a greatly reduced number of competitors, including the absence of Germany, although Brazil made its first appearance in the equestrian events. 103 entries from 17 nations (Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Denmark, Finland, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United States) competed. The youngest participant was Aëcio Coelho from Brazil at 23 years old, while the oldest rider was the Italian Alessandro, Count Bettoni Cazzago, at 55 years old.
Aayudham (2008 film)
Aayudham is a 2008 Malayalam-language action film, directed by M. A. Nishad. The film stars Suresh Gopi, Thilakan, Lal, Bharathi, Karthika and Bala. The film had musical score by Alphonse Joseph and Biji Bal.

Thilakan
Palappurathu Keshavan Surendranatha Thilakan (15 July 1935 – 24 September 2012), known mononymously as Thilakan, was an Indian film and stage actor who appeared in over 200 Malayalam films. Spanning more than five decades, Thilakan’s acting career was marked by critical acclaim for his versatility and powerful screen presence. He won several major honours including the Padma Shri (2009) from the Government of India, multiple National Film Awards and numerous Kerala State Film Awards, becoming the most frequent winner of the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actor.

Thilakan was known for his elaborate method acting and realistic, spontaneous performances and is widely regarded as one of the greatest actors in Indian cinema, whose style influenced generations of Malayalam actors and audience.
Pretty Together
Pretty Together is the sixth studio album by the Canadian rock group Sloan. While the album still has the 1960s and 1970s influences of Sloan's previous albums, it is more melancholy with fewer of the upbeat songs found on previous albums. "If It Feels Good Do It" and "The Other Man" were the two singles released from the album, with the latter being a melancholy plea by Chris Murphy which marked a departure from the usual upbeat songs Murphy provides the group with. The album reached #12 on the Canadian Albums Chart, and both singles received notable radio airplay in Canada. The album was nominated for Best Rock Album at the 2002 Juno Awards.

Billboard Canadian Albums
The Billboard Canadian Albums is the official record chart ranking the 100 most popular music albums and extended plays in Canada. It is compiled weekly (every Monday) by U.S.-based music sales tracking company Luminate, and published every Tuesday by American music and entertainment magazine Billboard. The albums are compared across all genres, ranked by album sales, audio on-demand streaming activity and digital sales of tracks from albums.
Sebe Coulibaly
Sebe Coulibaly (born 9 February 1994) is a footballer who plays as a midfielder for RC Saint-Denis. Born in France, she plays for Mali women's national team.

She played for Mali at the 2016 Africa Women Cup of Nations, scoring for Mali in the match against Kenya.

She has played for RC Saint-Denis since 2017. She had previously played for Tremblay FC and AS Saint-Étienne.

AS Saint-Étienne (women)
Association Sportive de Saint-Étienne Loire (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿etjɛn lwaʁ]), commonly known as ASSE (French pronunciation: [a.ɛs.ɛs.ø]) or simply Saint-Étienne, is a professional football club based in Saint-Étienne in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France. The club was founded in 1977 under the name Racing Club de Saint-Étienne. The current name was adopted following the 2008–09 season as RC Saint-Étienne merged with their men's side.

Saint-Étienne plays its home matches at the Stade Salif-Keita in Saint-Étienne which has a capacity of 1,000 spectators. They are coached by Laurent Mortel.
Labordeta
Labordeta is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ángela Labordeta (born 1967), Spanish writer and journalist

José Antonio Labordeta (1935–2010), Spanish singer-songwriter and politician

Miguel Labordeta (1921–1969), Spanish poet

Miguel Labordeta
Miguel Labordeta Subías (16 July 1921 - 1 August 1969) was an Aragonese poet. He was born in Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain. He held a Doctorate in History from the University of Madrid. His younger brother was the singer, writer and politician José Antonio Labordeta. He died on 1 August 1969 from a heart attack´at the age of 48.
Vili Sopanen
Vili Sopanen (born October 21, 1987) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey player. He last played for Lukko in the Liiga. He was drafted by the New Jersey Devils, 177th overall, in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft. Sopanen has previously played in the top tier Finnish Liiga with Lahti Pelicans, JYP Jyväskylä and HIFK.

Lukko
Rauman Lukko (Finnish for "lock") is a Finnish sports club based in Rauma, Finland, best known for its men's professional ice hockey team. The club was founded as Rauma Woodin Lukko in 1936. The representative team currently plays in the Finnish Liiga, the premier men's professional ice hockey league in Finland. They play their home games in the Äijänsuo Arena, which has a capacity of 5,400 spectators. Lukko won the SM-sarja in 1963 and won the Liiga championship in 2021. Until 2023 the club also had a top-tier women's representative ice hockey team, which played in the Naisten Liiga, and a top-tier women's representative pesäpallo team, which plays in the Superpesis.
Stepanović
Stepanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Степановић, pronounced [stepǎːnoʋitɕ]) is a Serbian surname, derived from the male given name Stepan (Stephen). Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandra Stepanović (born 1994), Serbian volleyball player

Aleksa Stepanović (born 1998), Serbian basketball player

Bojan Stepanović (born 1983), Serbian footballer

Dragoslav Stepanović (born 1948), Serbian football manager and former player

Katarina Stepanović (born 1985), Serbian handball player

Ognjeslav Kostović Stepanović (1851–1916), Serbian-Russian inventor

Stepa Stepanović (1856–1929), Serbian field marshal

Uroš Stepanović (born 1993), Serbian footballer

Aleksandra Stepanović
Aleksandra Stepanović (born 1 February 1994) is a Serbian volleyball player. She is part of the Serbia women's national volleyball team.

She participated in the 2015 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix.
On club level she played for Vizura Beograd in 2015.
South African cricket team in New Zealand in 1994–95
The South African national cricket team toured New Zealand in February and March 1995 and played a single Test match against the hosts to celebrate the centenary of the New Zealand Cricket Council, as well as a pair of tour games. The tour was the South African team's first to New Zealand since 1964, and their seventh overseas tour since their readmission to the International Cricket Council in 1991. South Africa won the single Test match by 93 runs.

New Zealand Cricket
New Zealand Cricket, formerly the New Zealand Cricket Council, is the governing body for professional cricket in New Zealand. Cricket is the most popular and highest profile summer sport in New Zealand.

New Zealand Cricket operates the New Zealand cricket team, organising Test tours and One-Day Internationals with other nations. It also organises domestic cricket in New Zealand, including the Plunket Shield first-class competition, The Ford Trophy men's domestic one-day competition, the Hallyburton Johnstone Shield women's domestic one-day competition, as well as the Men's Super Smash and Women's Super Smash domestic Twenty20 competitions.

Scott Weenink is the Chief Executive Officer of New Zealand Cricket. Tom Latham is the current Blackcaps Test captain, succeeding Tim Southee who still represents the team. Sophie Devine is the current White Ferns captain.
Pacific leaping blenny
The Pacific leaping blenny (Alticus arnoldorum), also known as the leaping rockskipper, is a species of combtooth blenny (family Blenniidae) in the genus Alticus. The blennies are oviparous, and form distinct pairs when mating. Males can reach a maximum total length of 8 centimetres (3.15 inches). These fish feed primarily on benthic algae, which they consume by scraping off rocky surfaces.

Combtooth blenny
Combtooth blennies are blenniiformids; percomorph marine fish of the family Blenniidae, part of the order Blenniiformes. They are the largest family of blennies with around 401 known species in 58 genera. Combtooth blennies are found in tropical and subtropical waters in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans; some species are also found in brackish and even freshwater environments.
Pat E. Johnson
Patrick E. Johnson (December 31, 1939 – November 5, 2023) was an American martial artist and actor. He was a 9th degree black belt in American Tang Soo Do and was the president of the National Tang Soo Do Congress, which was originally created by Chuck Norris in 1973.

Johnson was famous for the martial arts choreography in The Karate Kid series, in which he also starred as the All Valley Karate Tournament head referee, and was involved in many films, as choreographer and actor, including Enter the Dragon (as a Mafia collection-agent who gets coldcocked by John Saxon), Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Mortal Kombat, Green Street Hooligans, and Punisher: War Zone. He was the 1995 Black Belt magazine Instructor of the Year.

Black belt
In East Asian martial arts, the black belt is associated with expertise, but may indicate only competence, depending on the martial art. The use of colored belts is a relatively recent invention dating from the 1880s.
One in the Sun
One in the Sun is credited as the only solo album by Steve Gaines, best known as a guitarist for Lynyrd Skynyrd. It was recorded with Crawdad band mates at Leon Russell's Church Studio in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and at Capricorn studios in Macon, Georgia, in 1975. It was released in 1988 by MCA Records, 11 years after Gaines' death in the 1977 Lynyrd Skynyrd plane crash.  Crawdad had been a working band for some time and all the material had been performed onstage prior to being recorded.  Gaines had previously worked with all the members of Crawdad in other bands, some of which included Magic Kitchen, Man Alive, and Detroit.

Lynyrd Skynyrd plane crash
On October 20, 1977, a Convair CV-240 passenger aircraft ran out of fuel and crashed in a wooded area near Gillsburg, Mississippi, United States. Chartered by the rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd from L & J Company of Addison, Texas, it was flying from Greenville, South Carolina, to Baton Rouge, Louisiana, crashing near its destination.

Lynyrd Skynyrd lead vocalist and founding member Ronnie Van Zant, guitarist and vocalist Steve Gaines, backing vocalist Cassie Gaines (Steve's older sister), assistant road manager Dean Kilpatrick, Captain Walter McCreary, and First Officer William John Gray all died as a result of the crash, while twenty others survived. The tragedy abruptly halted Lynyrd Skynyrd's career until Van Zant's brother Johnny reformed the band ten years later.
Sidónio Pais
Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais CavC OA CavA (1 May 1872 – 14 December 1918) nicknamed "the President-King" (o Presidente-Rei), was the president of Portugal, serving in 1918. A Portuguese politician, military officer, and diplomat he served as prime minister, minister of war and minister of foreign affairs from 1917 to 1918, minister of finance from 1911 to 1912, and minister of commerce and public works in 1911. His time in politics turned him into one of the most divisive figures in modern Portuguese history, having been referred to by writer Fernando Pessoa as the "President-King", a description that stuck in later years and symbolizes his regime. He is the only Portuguese president to have been assassinated, and the 3rd Portuguese head of state to die a violent death.

Ministry of Planning (Portugal)
The Ministry of Planning (Portuguese: Ministério do Planeamento), formerly Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications (Ministério das Obras Públicas, Transportes e Comunicações or MOPTC) was a Portuguese government ministry. It had its head office in Lisbon.

The Gabinete de Prevenção e Investigação de Acidentes com Aeronaves was a subordinate agency.
Tikobo No. 2
Tikobo No.2 is a town in the Western region of Ghana.  It is in the Jomoro District.  The main occupation of the inhabitants of the town is coconut, rubber and cocoa farming. The town has a sister town called Tikobo No.1.

Jomoro Municipal District
Jomoro Municipal District (a.k.a. Nzema West Municipal District) is one of the fourteen districts in Western Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988 when it was known as Jomoro District, which was created from the former Nzema District Council, until it was later elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018 to become Jomoro Municipal District. The municipality is located in the southwest part of Western Region and has Half Assini as its capital town.
Víctimas del Pecado
Víctimas del Pecado (Victims of Sin) is a 1951 Mexican drama film directed by Emilio Fernández and starring Ninón Sevilla. It was shot at the Churubusco Studios in Mexico City.

Detroit Institute of Arts  considers the film as "one of the most famous post-war Mexican films," and shares that it includes "knockout mambo numbers by Pérez Prado and Pedro Vargas".  The film was also released as Hell's Kitchen.

Rodolfo Acosta
Rodolfo Pérez Acosta (born Rodolfo Acosta; July 29, 1920 – November 7, 1974) was an American actor who became known for his roles as Mexican outlaws or American Indians in Hollywood western films. He was sometimes credited as Rudolph Acosta.
Mid Iowa Rollers
The Mid Iowa Rollers is a roller derby league based in Des Moines, Iowa.  Founded in 2006, the league currently consists of two teams which compete against teams from other leagues.

The league was founded by Jamie "Dangerous" Daugharthy, after she watched Rollergirls on television.  The league initially had five women skaters, and was the first to be created in Iowa.  In its early days, the league was given considerable assistance by the No Coast Derby Girls, of Lincoln, Nebraska.  By 2008, the league had twenty skaters, and was attracting around 500 fans to its bouts, while, in 2010, crowds topped 1,000, in a season in which the All Stars team won all eight of its interleague bouts.

Mid Iowa was accepted into the Women's Flat Track Derby Association Apprentice Program in October 2010, and became a full member of the WFTDA in December 2011.

WFTDA Apprentice Program
The Women's Flat Track Derby Association Apprentice was the program affiliate of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA). In operation from 2009 until early 2019, the Apprentice Program served to onboard new member leagues into the WFTDA. In February 2019, the WFTDA announced it was retiring the program, to be replaced with a new "New Member Program" in the near future.
Miss Asia Quest 1968
Miss Asia Quest 1968 was the first edition of the Miss Quest Asia pageant before it was renamed to its current title, Miss Asia Pacific International. The event was held on December 8, 1968, at the Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines.

The pageant aims to promote tourism, peace, goodwill, credit and trading to the participating countries. Shih also received P10,000 (US$ 2,500 at 1968 rates) cash prize, a complete wardrobe, Asian cities tour, gifts ranging from camera to toothpaste. Her court each received P1,000 and prizes in kind.

Araneta Coliseum
The Araneta Coliseum, also currently known by naming rights sponsorship as Smart Araneta Coliseum, is an indoor multi-purpose sports arena that is part of the Araneta City in the Cubao area of Quezon City, Philippines. Nicknamed "the Big Dome", it is one of the largest indoor arenas in Asia, and one of the largest clear span domes in the world. The dome measures approximately 108.0 meters (354.3 ft) making it the largest dome in Asia from its opening in 1960 until 2001 when it was surpassed by the Ōita Stadium in Japan with a dome measuring 274.0 meters (899.0 ft).

The Smart Araneta Coliseum is mostly used for indoor sports such as basketball. It is a main venue of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). The Big Dome is also used for other sports and events such as boxing, cockfighting, local and international concerts, circuses, religious gatherings, and beauty pageants.
Tholpavakoothu
Tholpavakoothu (Malayalam:തോൽപ്പാവക്കൂത്ത്, Tamil:தோல்பாவைக்கூத்து) is a form of shadow puppetry that is practiced in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India. It is performed using leather puppets and is performed in temples or in villages in specially built theatres. This form of art is especially popular in the Madurai and nearby districts of Madurai in Tamil Nadu and also in Palakkad, 
Thrissur and Malappuram districts of Kerala.

Thrissur district
Thrissur district (Malayalam: [t̪riʃ(ː)uːr] ⓘ), anglicised as Trichur, is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala. It is situated in the central region of the state. Spanning an area of about 3,032 km2 (1,171 sq mi), the district is home to over 9% of Kerala's population.

Thrissur district is bordered by the districts of Palakkad and Malappuram to the north,  the district of Ernakulam to the south and Coimbatore to the east. The Arabian Sea lies to the west and Western Ghats stretches towards the east.  It is part of the historical Malabar Coast, which has been trading internationally since ancient times.  The main language spoken is Malayalam.

Thrissur district was formed on 1 July 1949, with the headquarters at Thrissur city. The district is known for its ancient temples, churches, and mosques.
World Champion (film)
World Champion (Russian: Чемпион мира) is a 1955 Soviet sports drama film directed by Vladimir Gonchukov.

The film tells the story of Ilya Gromov, a well-known strongman among fellow villagers and how under the guidance of an experienced coach, a simple country boy becomes a world champion in the Greco-Roman wrestling.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.