hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vito J. Titone
Vito Joseph Titone (July 5, 1929 – July 6, 2005) was an American judge who served as an Associate Judge of the New York Court of Appeals from 1985 to 1998.

Titone was known as a liberal lion of the state's highest court. One of his most notable decisions was the majority opinion in Braschi v. Stahl, which recognized for the first time that a gay couple could be considered a family under the law.

Born in Brooklyn, New York, and raised in Queens, Titone received his law degree from St. John's University School of Law, where he was a classmate and close friend with future Governor Mario Cuomo, who later appointed Titone to the Court of Appeals. He died on July 6, 2005, in Staten Island, New York City, New York at age 76.

New York Court of Appeals
The New York Court of Appeals is the highest court in the Unified Court System of the State of New York. It consists of seven judges: the chief judge and six associate judges, who are appointed by the governor and confirmed by the state senate to 14-year terms. The chief judge of the Court of Appeals also heads administration of the state's court system, and thus is also known as the chief judge of the State of New York. The Court of Appeals was founded in 1847 and is located in the New York Court of Appeals Building in Albany, New York.
Lloyd 400
The Lloyd 400 is a small car produced by the Borgward Group's Lloyd Motoren Werke GmbH (Lloyd Motor Works) in Bremen between 1953 and 1957.

As with its predecessor, the Lloyd 300, the full name of the Lloyd 400 featured a two letter prefix that identified the body shape as follows: LP400 ("Limousine" / saloon), LK400 (panel van) and LS400 (estate).  From August 1955 an LC400 ("Cabrio-Limousine" / cabriolet saloon) was also offered.

Lloyd (automobile)
Lloyd Motoren Werke G.m.b.H. (Lloyd Engine Works) was a German automobile manufacturer, created in 1908 and owned by the Norddeutscher Lloyd shipping company. The factory was in Bremen. The company operated under a variety of different names throughout the decades, but their products were nearly always badged with the Lloyd marque. Originally a manufacturer of luxury cars, the company was folded into the Borgward Group in 1929, with the brand not used on passenger cars again until 1950. Production ended for good in 1963, although a successor company continued trading until 1989, selling replacement parts, as well as manufacturing engines for snowmobiles and boats.

The German Lloyd marque had no connection with the British Lloyd Cars Ltd company active between 1936 and 1951.
Charging order
A charging order, in English law, is an order obtained from a court or judge by a judgment creditor, by which the property of the judgment debtor in any stocks or funds or shares in a  limited liability company  or land stands charged with the payment of the amount for which judgment shall have been recovered, with interest and costs.

Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties  and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument.

The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals.
Sucleia
Sucleia (Moldovan Cyrillic, Russian, and Ukrainian: Суклея, romanized: Sukleya) is a village in the Slobozia District of  Transnistria, part of the internationally-recognised territory of Moldova and part of the autonomous territory Stinga Nistrului. Until 1990, it was part of the Slobodzeya district of the Moldavian SSR. A suburb of Tiraspol, the capital of Transnistria, and a part of the Tiraspol-Bendery agromeration.

The local football side FC Sucleia play in the third tier of Moldovan Football.

According to the 2004 census, the population of the village was 10,001 inhabitants, of which 3,483 (34.82%) were Moldovans (Romanians), 3,054 (30.53%) Ukrainians and 2,868 (28.67%) Russians.

Bender, Moldova
Bender ([benˈder], Moldovan Cyrillic: Бендер) or Bendery (Russian: Бендеры, [bʲɪnˈdɛrɨ]; Ukrainian: Бендери), also known as Tighina, is a city within the internationally recognized borders of Moldova under de facto control of the unrecognized Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria) (PMR) since 1992. It is located on the western bank of the river Dniester in the historical region of Bessarabia.

Together with its suburb Proteagailovca, the city forms a municipality, which is separate from Transnistria (as an administrative unit of Moldova) according to Moldovan law. Bender is located in the buffer zone established at the end of the 1992 War of Transnistria. While the Joint Control Commission has overriding powers in the city, Transnistria has de facto administrative control.

The fortress of Tighina was one of the important historic fortresses of the Principality of Moldova until 1812.
Upper Yiu Tung (constituency)
Upper Yiu Tung (Chinese: 上耀東) is one of the 35 constituencies in the Eastern District.

The constituency returns one district councillor to the Eastern District Council, with an election every four years. The seat is currently held by Chow Cheuk-ki.

Upper Yiu Tung has estimated population of 13,149.

Eastern District Council
The Eastern District Council (noted as East) is the district council for the Eastern District in Hong Kong. It is one of 18 such councils. The Eastern District Council currently consists of 35 members, of which the district is divided into three constituencies, electing a total of 6 members, 12 district committee members, and 12 appointed members. The last election was held on 10 December 2023.
Kevin Foster (basketball)
Kevin Joseph Foster (born June 17, 1990) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Beşiktaş of the Turkish Basketball League (TBL). The 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) shooting guard played college basketball for Santa Clara University between 2008–09 and 2012–13. Foster made 431 three-point field goals in his career, which is tied for the fourth-most all-time in NCAA Division I history. He finished his collegiate career as Santa Clara's all-time leading scorer with 2,423 points, which is also the most in San Francisco Bay Area Division I history and second most in West Coast Conference history. Foster holds a rare distinction of being named a most valuable player (MVP) in two different postseason tournaments: the 2011 CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament (CIT) and the 2013 College Basketball Invitational (CBI), both of which Santa Clara won.

2013 College Basketball Invitational
The 2013 College Basketball Invitational (CBI) was a single-elimination tournament of 16 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I teams that did not participate in the NCAA Tournament or the NIT. The opening games were held on Tuesday, March 19. A best-of-three championship series between the final two teams was held on April 1, April 3, and April 5.
Charlie Luce
Charles Barton Luce (January 4, 1929 – January 5, 2022) was an American basketball coach and administrator who was the head men's basketball coach at Boston University from 1966 to 1971 and the director of athletics at Connecticut College from 1974 to 1992.

Connecticut College
Connecticut College (Conn) is a private liberal arts college in New London, Connecticut. Originally chartered as Thames College but soon changed to Connecticut College for Women, it was founded in 1911 as the state's only women's college, a response to Wesleyan University having closed its doors to female students in 1909. The college became coeducational in 1969, adopting its current name.

Conn is a four-year residential undergraduate institution with approximately 1,900 students. Students choose courses from 41 programs, including interdisciplinary pathways and centers, with a majority choosing to study abroad. The college is situated on a hill located adjacent to the Thames River. In 1982, Conn was inducted as a member of the New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC), where its athletes compete as part of NCAA Division III.
Dick Bowman
Richard Lindon Bowman (May 1, 1930 – April 2, 1983) was an American football player and coach.  He served as the head football coach at Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois from 1965 to 1970 and at Wabash College from 1971 to 1973, compiling a career college football record of 23–56–1.

Galesburg, Illinois
Galesburg is a city in Knox County, Illinois, United States. The city is 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Peoria. At the 2020 census, its population was 30,052. Galesburg is the home of Knox College, a private four-year liberal arts college, and Carl Sandburg College, a community college named for native-born poet Carl Sandburg.

Galesburg is the county seat of Knox County and the principal city of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Knox and Warren counties. A 496-acre (201 ha) section of the city is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Galesburg Historic District.
Gas heater
A gas heater is a space heater that utilizes natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, propane, or butane as fuel to generate heat for residential or outdoor areas.

Indoor household gas heaters can be classified according to two principal ventilation systems: flued or non-flued, or vented and unvented.

Butane
Butane (/ˈbjuːteɪn/) is an alkane with the formula C4H10. Butane exists as two isomers, n-butane, CH3CH2CH2CH3 and iso-butane, (CH3)3CH.  Both isomers are highly flammable, colorless, easily liquefied gases that quickly vaporize at room temperature and pressure. Butanes are a trace component of natural gases, which contain higher concentrations of other hydrocarbons such as propane, ethane, and especially methane. Liquefied petroleum gas is a mixture of propane and some butanes.

The name butane comes from the root but- (from butyric acid, named after the Greek word for butter) and the suffix -ane (for organic compounds).
Caroline swiftlet
The Caroline swiftlet (Aerodramus inquietus), also known as the island swiftlet, Micronesian swiftlet, or Caroline Islands swiftlet,  is a species of swift in the family Apodidae. Some taxonomists consider it to be a subspecies of the uniform swiftlet. It is endemic to the Caroline Islands, and its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Caroline Islands
The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the central and eastern parts of the group, and Palau at the extreme western end. Historically, this area was also called Nuevas Filipinas or New Philippines, because they were part of the Spanish East Indies and were governed from Manila in the Philippines.

The Carolines are scattered across a distance of approximately 3,540 kilometres (2,200 mi; 1,910 nmi), from the westernmost island, Tobi, in Palau, to the easternmost island, Kosrae, a state of the FSM.
Angel D'Meza
Angel D'Meza (1877-1954) was a Cuban professional baseball pitcher, third baseman and right fielder in the Cuban League and Negro leagues. He played from 1902 to 1908 with several teams, including Fe, Almendares, San Francisco, Azul, and Habana.

Club Fé
Club Fé was a Cuban baseball team based in Havana in the Cuban League. It played in 1882, 1885, from 1887 to 1890, and again from 1901 to 1914.

Fé first played during the 1882 season, which was canceled after four games and all game results were voided, though Fé had had a 1–4 record.

The club finished in second place in the spring of 1885 behind Habana with a 3–3 record and ended the winter of 1885 in third place behind Habana and Almendares.

Fé won the 1888 championship with a 12–3 record. Managed by Antonio Utera, Francisco Hernandez won 10 games, and José María Teuma batted .350 and won two games.

Alberto Azoy managed the team from 1905 to 1910, during which they won the league championship in 1905. They would win again in 1912 under manager Tinti Molina.
Samoa at the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games
Samoa competed at the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games held in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan from September 17 to 27. Samoa sent a delegation consisting of 15 athletes competing in 3 different sports. Iuniarra Sipaia was the only medalist in the event for Samoa as she claimed the bronze medal in the women's weightlifting over 90 kg category.

Samoa made its debut in an Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games for the first time at the Games held in Turkmenistan along with other Oceania nations.

Weightlifting at the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games
Weightlifting competitions at the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan,  took place from 18 to 25 September at the Weightlifting Arena. Around 188 athletes competed in 16 different events, according to their respective weight categories.
Fukuoka Japan Temple
The Fukuoka Japan Temple (福岡神殿, Fukuoka Shinden) is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints located in Fukuoka, Japan. It was announced on May 7, 1998, and later dedicated on June 11, 2000, by church president Gordon B. Hinckley. It became the church's 88th operating temple, the second in Japan (after Tokyo)), and the first in southern Japan. The temple serves more than 7,700 members across the Kyushu, Okinawa, Yamaguchi, Hiroshima, and Shikoku regions.

Temple president
Temple president is a priesthood leadership position in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. A temple president's primary responsibility is to supervise the affairs of a church temple in both an administrative and spiritual capacity.

The president is assisted by two male counselors and together they compose the temple presidency. Normally the wife of the temple president serves as the temple matron, and the wives of the president's counselors as assistants to the matron. The matron and her assistants share in the responsibilities of the temple presidency. All members of a temple presidency are ordained high priests in the church.
Cloverden
Cloverden is an historic house at 29 Follen Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts.  It is a 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, five bays wide, with a side-gable roof, two asymmetrically placed chimneys, and clapboard siding.  A single-story porch extends across the front, supported by Doric columns.  The Greek Revival house was built in 1837.

The house served as bachelor housing for Harvard University faculty in the 1850s, and was known as a center of hospitality where "the famous 'Roman Banquet' was given", according to William Watson Goodwin.  Prominent occupants include geology professor Josiah Dwight Whitney, and Mary Mann, the mother of education reform proponent Horace Mann.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Josiah Whitney
Josiah Dwight Whitney (November 23, 1819 – August 18, 1896) was an American geologist, professor of geology at Harvard University, and chief of the California Geological Survey (1860–1874).  Through his travels and studies in the principal mining regions of the United States, Whitney became the foremost authority of his day on the economic geology of the U.S. Mount Whitney, the highest point in the contiguous United States, and the Whitney Glacier, the first confirmed glacier in the United States, on Mount Shasta, were both named after him by members of the Survey.
Mina Yadav
Mina Yadav is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the CPN (Maoist Centre) Party. She is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election she was elected as a proportional representative from the Madhesi people category.

Madheshi people
Madheshi people (Nepali: मधेशी) is a term used for several ethnic groups in Nepal living in the Terai region of Nepal. It has also been used as a political pejorative term by the Pahari people of Nepal to refer to Nepalis with a non-Nepali language as their mother tongue, regardless of their place of birth or residence.: 2 
The term Madheshi became a widely recognised name for Nepali citizens with an Indian cultural background only after 1990.

Madheshi people comprise various cultural groups such as Hindu caste groups, Muslims, Marwaris, Brahmin and Dalit people, ethnic groups like Maithils, Bhojpuri, Awadhi and Bajjika speaking people and indigenous people of the Terai.: 68  Many of these groups share cultural traditions, educational and family ties with people living south of the international border in the Indian states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.: 131  Tharu people and Pahari people living in the Terai do not consider themselves as Madheshi.
Mu Muscae
Mu Muscae, Latinized from μ Muscae, is a solitary star in the southern constellation of Musca. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of around 4.75. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 7.21 mas as seen from Earth, it is located about 450 light years from the Sun. The star is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +37 km/s.

This is an evolved K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K4 III, having exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core then cooled and expanded to 53 times the Sun's radius. It most likely on the red giant branch, rather than the asymptotic giant branch, and shows no signs of mass loss. Mu Muscae is a type Lb, oxygen-rich irregular variable with a small amplitude that ranges in visual magnitude between 4.71 and 4.76. It is radiating 602 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,930 K.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
Illescas Batholith
Illescas Batholith is a geological complex located in Uruguay made up of various plutons including rapakivi granite and quartz syenite. The batholith is of Late Paleoproterozoic age. The batholith originated and was emplaced in an anorogenic tectonic setting during a period of extensional tectonics. The batholith intrudes the Valentines Granulitic Complex of Nico Perez Terrane. The Florida dyke swarm is related to the Illescas Batholith.

Paleoproterozoic
The Paleoproterozoic Era (also spelled Palaeoproterozoic) is the first of the three sub-divisions (eras) of the Proterozoic eon, and also the longest era of the Earth's geological history, spanning from 2,500 to 1,600 million years ago (2.5–1.6 Ga). It is further subdivided into four geologic periods, namely the Siderian, Rhyacian, Orosirian and Statherian.

Paleontological evidence suggests that the Earth's rotational rate ~1.8 billion years ago equated to 20-hour days, implying a total of ~450 days per year. It was during this era that the continents first stabilized.
Yves Marie André
Yves Marie André  (1675–1764), also known as le Père André,  was a French Jesuit mathematician, philosopher, and essayist.

André entered the Society of Jesus in 1693. Although distinguished in his scholastic studies, he adhered to Gallicanism and Jansenism and was thus considered unsuitable for responsible office by Church authorities. He therefore pursued scientific studies and became royal professor of mathematics at Caen.

He is best known for his Essai sur le Beau (Essay on Beauty), a 1741 philosophical work on aesthetics, which made him famous at the time and remained a well-known work into the 19th century.

Gallicanism
Gallicanism is the belief that popular secular authority—often represented by the monarch's or the state's authority—over the Catholic Church is comparable to that of the pope. Gallicanism may be contrasted with ultramontanism. Gallicanism shares some similarities with the ecclesiology of Anglicanism, but while it plays down the authority of the Pope in church, it generally does not deny that there are some authoritative elements to the papal office as primus inter pares ('first among equals'). Other terms for the same or similar doctrines include Erastianism, Regalism, Febronianism, and Josephinism.

Gallicanism originated in France (the term derives from Gallia, the Latin name of Gaul), and is unrelated to the first-millennium Catholic Gallican Rite. In the 18th century, it spread to the Low Countries, especially the Netherlands. The University of Notre Dame professor John McGreevy defines it as "the notion that national customs might trump Roman (Catholic Church) regulations."
Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary
Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Surajpur District, Chhattisgarh, in central India. It was declared as a wildlife sanctuary in 1978. In 2021, National Tiger Conservation Authority has approved the Chhattisgarh government's proposal to declare the combined areas of the Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary as a Guru Ghasidas - Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve.

National Tiger Conservation Authority
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is a wildlife conservation agency formed to protect the endangered Bengal tiger in India. It was established by the Government of India under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change in December 2005 for the management of Project Tiger and the various tiger reserves in India. It has been constituted under section 38 L (1) of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. As of 2023, there were 3,682 wild tigers in India, which is almost 75% of the world's wild tiger population.
Evan Richards
Evan Sloane Richards (23 January 1862 – 19 April 1931) was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Swansea, captaining the club through three seasons during the 1880s. Richards' father was Member of Parliament for Ceredigion, Evan Matthew Richards.

Swansea RFC
Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team which plays in the Super Rygbi Cymru. The club play at St Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground in Swansea and are also known as The Whites, in reference to their home kit colours.
Theophilus Danzy
Theophilus Danzy (May 20, 1930 – November 27, 2012) was an American college football coach. He served as the head football coach at Prairie View A&M University (1972), Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University (1977–1978), Miles College (1980–1982), Alcorn State University (1986–1990), and Stillman College (1999–2005), compiling a career head coaching record of 84–88–3. He was an alumnus of Tennessee State University. Danzy died on November 27, 2012.

Alcorn State University
Alcorn State University (Alcorn State, ASU or Alcorn) is a public historically black land-grant research university adjacent to Lorman, Mississippi. It was founded in 1871 and was the first black land grant college established in the United States.  The university is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

Alcorn State's athletic teams are known as the Braves and compete in the NCAA's Division I. All teams compete as members of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC).