hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alastair Bruce of Crionaich
Major-General Alastair Andrew Bernard Reibey Bruce of Crionaich CB OBE TD VR DL (born 25 June 1960), is a British television journalist and former senior officer in the British Army Reserves who served as Governor of Edinburgh Castle from 2019 until 2024.

Royal, Religious and National Events Commentator for Sky News, Bruce was previously engaged by the BBC, and was historical adviser to several feature films and the ITV series Downton Abbey. He has been a commentator on many major State events in the United Kingdom, including the Queen's Diamond Jubilee in 2012, the Royal Wedding in 2011, the Papal Visit in 2010, the Coronation in 2023, and the deaths and funerals of Diana, Princess of Wales in 1997, the Queen Mother in 2002, the Duke of Edinburgh in 2021, and Queen Elizabeth II in 2022.

Bruce commanded the TA Media Operations Group before his appointment as Governor of Edinburgh Castle and continues to serve as an officer of arms in the Royal Household.

Volunteer Reserves Service Medal
The Volunteer Reserves Service Medal (VRSM) is a medal which may be awarded to members of the Volunteer Reserves of all branches of the British Armed Forces - the Royal Naval Reserve, the Royal Marines Reserve, the Army Reserve and the Royal Auxiliary Air Force. It replaced the separate decorations and medals awarded respectively to officers and other ranks in each of the services - the Royal Navy's Reserve Decoration and Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, the British Army's Territorial Decoration and Efficiency Medal, and the Royal Air Force's  Air Efficiency Award - from 1 April 1999.
Stratford Professional
The Stratford Professional was a non-ranking snooker tournament held on three occasions from 1970–1972.

The first tournament, played on 4 September 1970, was won by Gary Owen, who defeated Ray Reardon 6–4. Owen achieved a top break of 66, while Reardon's high break was 54. The following year featured two different finalists, with John Spencer defeating David Taylor 5–2 at Wilmcote Men's Club. Spencer also had the highest break of the match, with 91. The third edition took place the following year at Wootton Wawen Social Club, with Spencer attempting to defend his title against Alex Higgins. Although Spencer made the highest break of 77, Higgins won 6–3.

Wootton Wawen
Wootton Wawen /ˈwʊtən ˈwoʊ.ən/ is a village and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon district of Warwickshire, England. The village is on the A3400 in mid-western Warwickshire, about 20 miles (32 km) from Birmingham, about 2 miles (3 km) south of Henley-in-Arden and about 6.5 miles (10 km) north of Stratford-upon-Avon. The soil is a strong clay and some arable crops are grown, but the land is mainly in pasture. The common fields were inclosed in 1776, but some inclosures had already been made about 1623.

The scenery is wooded and undulating, rising from about 200 feet (61 m), in the south to 488 feet (149 m), in the north-west at College Farm, above Forde Hall. Near here is Mockley Wood, which, with May's Wood in the centre of the parish and Austy Wood near Edstone, is one of the larger blocks of woodland. The older part of the village straddling the A3400 is designated as a Conservation Area because of its open, rural character and many historic buildings.
Lemon battery
A lemon battery is a simple battery often made for the purpose of education. Typically, a piece of zinc metal (such as a galvanized nail) and a piece of copper (such as a penny) are inserted into a lemon and connected by wires.  Power generated by reaction of the metals is used to power a small device such as a light-emitting diode (LED).

The lemon battery is similar to the first electrical battery invented in 1800 by Alessandro Volta, who used brine (salt water) instead of lemon juice. The lemon battery illustrates the type of chemical reaction (oxidation-reduction) that occurs in batteries. The zinc and copper are the electrodes, and the juice inside the lemon is the electrolyte. There are many variations of the lemon cell that use different fruits (or liquids) as electrolytes and metals other than zinc and copper as electrodes.

Voltaic pile
The voltaic pile was the first electrical battery that could continuously provide an electric current to a circuit. It was invented by Italian chemist Alessandro Volta, who published his experiments in 1799. Its invention can be traced back to an argument between Volta and Luigi Galvani, Volta's fellow Italian scientist who had conducted experiments on frogs' legs. Use of the voltaic pile enabled a rapid series of other discoveries, including the electrical decomposition (electrolysis) of water into oxygen and hydrogen by William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle (1800), and the discovery or isolation of the chemical elements sodium (1807), potassium (1807), calcium (1808), boron (1808), barium (1808), strontium (1808), and magnesium (1808) by Humphry Davy.

The entire 19th-century electrical industry was powered by batteries related to Volta's (e.g. the Daniell cell and Grove cell) until the advent of the dynamo (the electrical generator) in the 1870s.
Reflectarray antenna
A reflectarray antenna (or just reflectarray) consists of an array of unit cells, illuminated by a feeding antenna (source of electromagnetic waves). The feeding antenna is usually a horn.
The unit cells are usually backed by a ground plane, and the incident wave reflects off them towards the direction of the beam, but each cell adds a different phase delay to the reflected signal.
A phase distribution of concentric rings is applied to focus the wavefronts from the feeding antenna into a plane wave (to account for the varying path lengths from the feeding antenna to each unit cell).
A progressive phase shift can be applied to the unit cells to steer the beam direction. It is common to offset the feeding antenna to prevent blockage of the beam.
In this case, the phase distribution on the reflectarray surface needs to be altered. A reflectarray focuses a beam in a similar way to a parabolic reflector (dish), but with a much thinner form factor.

Ground plane
In electrical engineering, a ground plane is an electrically conductive surface, usually connected to electrical ground. Ground planes are typically made of copper or aluminum, and they are often located on the bottom of printed circuit boards (PCBs).

The term has two different meanings in separate areas of electrical engineering.

In antenna theory, a ground plane is a conducting surface large in comparison to the wavelength, such as the Earth, which is connected to the transmitter's ground wire and serves as a reflecting surface for radio waves.

In printed circuit boards, a ground plane is a large area of copper foil on the board which is connected to the power supply ground terminal and serves as a return path for current from different components on the board.
Aprasia aurita
Aprasia aurita, also called the mallee worm-lizard or eared worm-lizard, is a species of lizard in the Pygopodidae family endemic to Australia; and listed on Schedule 1 under the Commonwealth's Endangered Species Protection Act. It is also listed as "threatened" on Schedule 2 under the Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act.

A. aurita was formerly found in the Woomelang and Ouyen areas of north-western Victoria. Due to human land use, it is now mostly found in 400 ha (990 acres) of Wathe State Wildlife Reserve, north-western Victoria. It has also been found in Cobbler Creek Recreation Park in South Australia and Mambray Creek Reserve.

It inhabits tall shrubland and open heath, primarily mallee and other vegetation that has not been burnt for at least 40 years. It shelters under rotting logs, leaf litter and mallee root.

Woomelang
Woomelang is a town in the Mallee region of Victoria, Australia.  The town is in the Shire of Yarriambiack local government area and on the Sunraysia Highway, 359 kilometres (223 mi) north-west of the state capital, Melbourne, 183 kilometres (114 mi) south-east of Mildura and 154 kilometres (96 mi) north of Horsham.  At the 2011 census, Woomelang and the surrounding area had a population of 191.

As with most towns in the Mallee region, the main industry is dryland agriculture and woolgrowing.  The population has been slowly declining, from 290 at the 1981 census to 211 people in 2001, 195 in 2006, and 191 in 2011.

Woomelang Post Office opened on 10 August 1900.

Woomelang Magistrates' Court closed on 1 May 1981, having not been visited by a Magistrate since 1971.

An interesting attraction to the south of Woomelang is a shearing shed constructed during World War II.  Due to wartime shortages, the shed is made of compacted kerosene tins.
John Mulvihill (politician)
John Mulvihill (born 1 July 1945) is an Irish  former Labour Party politician. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for Cork East from 1992 to 1997.

A plant operator, Mulvihill was elected to Dáil Éireann for Cork East during the swing to Labour at the 1992 general election.

Like some other Labour TDs elected in 1992, he lost his seat at the 1997 general election. His seat was taken by David Stanton of Fine Gael. Mulvihill again unsuccessfully contested the 2002, 2007 and 2011 general elections.

He was a local councillor for the Midleton local electoral area on Cork County Council from 1991 to 2014. His son John Mulvihill, Jnr was a member of Cobh Town Council and a former Mayor of Cobh.

1992 Irish general election
The 1992 Irish general election to the 27th Dáil was held on Wednesday, 25 November, almost three weeks after the dissolution of the 26th Dáil on 5 November by President Mary Robinson, on the request of Taoiseach Albert Reynolds following a defeat of the government in a motion of confidence. The general election took place in 41 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 166 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas, under a revision in the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1990. Three referendums on abortion were held on the same date.

The 27th Dáil met at Leinster House on 14 December 1992 to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland. No government was formed on that date, but on 12 January 1993, Reynolds was re-appointed Taoiseach, forming the 23rd government of Ireland, a coalition government of Fianna Fáil and the Labour Party.
1987 Trans America Athletic Conference baseball tournament
The 1987 Trans America Athletic Conference baseball tournament was held at J. I. Clements Stadium on the campus of Georgia Southern in Statesboro, Georgia, from April 30 to May 2. This was the ninth tournament championship held by the Trans America Athletic Conference, in its ninth year of existence. Georgia Southern won their third tournament championship and earned the conference's automatic bid to the 1987 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

1987 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 1987 NCAA Division I baseball tournament was played at the end of the 1987 NCAA Division I baseball season to determine the national champion of college baseball.  The tournament concluded with eight teams competing in the College World Series, a double-elimination tournament in its forty first year.  Eight regional competitions were held to determine the participants in the final event.  Each region was composed of six teams, resulting in 48 teams participating in the tournament at the conclusion of their regular season, and in some cases, after a conference tournament.  The forty-first tournament's champion was Stanford, coached by Mark Marquess.  The Most Outstanding Player was Paul Carey of Stanford.
Quentin L. Cook
Quentin LaMar Cook (born September 8, 1940) is a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Currently, he is the fifth most senior apostle in the church. Prior to his calling as an Apostle, he worked as a lawyer and business executive.

Area (LDS Church)
In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), an area is an administrative unit that typically is composed of multiple stakes and missions. These areas are the primary church administrative unit between individual stakes or missions and the church as a whole.
Landscape with the Port of Santa Marinella
Landscape with the Port of Santa Marinella (French: Paysage avec le port de Santa Marinella) is an oil on copper painting by Claude Lorrain in the collection of the Petit Palais in Paris. It dates from 1637 or 1638, and is one of a pair commissioned from the artist by pope Urban VIII. It depicts the little harbour of Santa Marinella near Civitavecchia which the Pope wanted to turn into a major port. The other painting in the pair, in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, is a view of Castel Gandolfo, a palace on the banks of Lake Albano. It was acquired by the Petit Palais in 1902 as part of the Dutuit bequest.

Fitzwilliam Museum
The Fitzwilliam Museum is the art and antiquities museum of the University of Cambridge. It is located on Trumpington Street opposite Fitzwilliam Street in central Cambridge. It was founded in 1816 under the will of Richard FitzWilliam, 7th Viscount FitzWilliam (1745–1816), and comprises one of the best collections of antiquities and modern art in western Europe. With over half a million objects and artworks in its collections, the displays in the museum explore world history and art from antiquity to the present. The treasures of the museum include artworks by Monet, Picasso, Rubens, Vincent van Gogh, Renoir, Rembrandt, Cézanne, Van Dyck, and Canaletto, as well as a winged bas-relief from Nimrud. Admission to the public is always free.

The museum is a partner in the University of Cambridge Museums consortium, one of 16 Major Partner Museum services funded by Arts Council England to lead the development of the museums sector.
Ithaca Tompkins International Airport
Ithaca Tompkins International Airport (IATA: ITH, ICAO: KITH, FAA LID: ITH) is a county-owned airport located in the Town of Lansing, three miles northeast of Ithaca, the county seat and only city in Tompkins County, New York. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2025–2029 categorized it as a primary commercial service facility. Federal Aviation Administration records say the airport had 60,848 passenger boardings in 2023.

Nonstop scheduled commercial commuter-jet service is available to John F. Kennedy International Airport and Dulles International Airport.

Tompkins County, New York
Tompkins County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,740. The county seat is Ithaca. The name is in honor of Daniel D. Tompkins, who served as Governor of New York and Vice President of the United States. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.

Tompkins County comprises the Ithaca Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is home to Cornell University, Ithaca College and Tompkins Cortland Community College.
Elizabeth Kridl Valkenier
Elizabeth Kridl Valkenier (November 13, 1926 – November 13, 2024) was a Polish-born American art historian and a specialist in nineteenth century Russian art. Her work on the Peredvizhniki, first published in 1977, was part of a re-evaluation of their aims in breaking away from the Russian academy.

Culture of Russia
Russian culture (Russian: Культура России, romanized: Kul'tura Rossii, IPA: [kʊlʲˈturə rɐˈsʲiɪ]) has been formed by the nation's history, its geographical location and its vast expanse, religious and social traditions, and both Eastern and Western influence. Cultural scientists believe that the influence of the East was fairly insignificant, since the Mongols did not coexist with the Russians during conquest, and the indigenous peoples were subjected to reverse cultural assimilation. Unlike the Scandinavian and more western neighbors, which have become the main reason for the formation of modern culture among Russians. Russian writers and philosophers have played an important role in the development of European thought. The Russians have also greatly influenced classical music, ballet, theatre, painting, cinema and sport, The nation has also made pioneering contributions to science and technology and space exploration.
Ure Bank
Ure Bank is a suburb of the city of Ripon, in North Yorkshire, England. It developed as a small settlement in the nineteenth century before being officially included as part of the city in the early years of the 20th century, and is located 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Ripon city centre, across the River Ure. Historically, the suburb was the site of an army camp and the location of Ripon's railway station.

River Ure
The River Ure in North Yorkshire, England, is about 74 miles (119 km) long from its source to the point where it becomes the River Ouse.  It is the principal river of Wensleydale, which is the only major dale now named after a village rather than its river. The old name for the valley was Yoredale after the river that runs through it.

The Ure is one of many rivers and waterways that drain the Dales into the River Ouse. Tributaries of the Ure include the River Swale and the River Skell.
Pholiota malicola
Pholiota malicola, commonly known as the forgettable pholiota, is an inedible species of fungus.

The species is in the family Strophariaceae. Originally called Flammula malicola by mycologist Calvin Henry Kauffman in 1926, it was transferred to the genus Pholiota by Alexander H. Smith in 1934.

It is an orangish species with a smooth cap 3–9 centimetres (1+1⁄4–3+1⁄2 in) in width. The stalk is 4–15 cm (1+1⁄2–6 in) long.

It is found in North America and Australia. It grows in groups on decaying wood.

Calvin Henry Kauffman
Calvin Henry Kauffman (March 1, 1869–1931) was an American botanist and mycologist. A fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, he was affiliated with the University of Michigan from 1904 until his death, and was known for his studies of the family Agaricaceae.

The standard author abbreviation Kauffman is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Salatiwara
Asia portal

Salatiwara was a Middle Bronze Age city in south-central Anatolia on a road connecting the kingdoms Waḫšušana and Burushattum. The history of the city is known primarily from the Anitta text.

In the 18th century BC, Salatiwara was besieged by Anitta, King of Kussara. Anitta defeated troops who were sent out from the city to confront him. The soldiers were taken to Nesa as prisoners. When the city revolted and marshaled its forces along the Hulana River, Anitta circled around and captured the city from behind, setting fire to the city in the process.

A large amount of silver and gold, as well as 40 teams of horses and 1400 infantry were removed from the city, either by the king of Salatiwara as he escaped, or by Anitta as booty.

Anitta (king)
Anitta, son of Pitḫana, was a Middle Bronze Age king of Kuššara (c. 1740-1725 BC middle chronology). The city has not yet been identified. He is the earliest known ruler to compose a text in the Hittite language.

His high official, or rabi simmiltim, was named Peruwa.
Vicus Longus
The vicus Longus was a street in Regio VI of ancient Rome, linking the Suburra to the summit of the Quirinal Hill along the valley between the Quirinal Hill and the Viminal Hill.

Livy (X.23.6.) mentions it in relation to the dedication of an altar to Pudicitia Plebeia in 296 BC - he reports that there were shrines on it to Febris and Fortuna. Its name is confirmed by two imperial-era inscriptions (CIL VI, 9736, CIL VI 10023). A long stretch of the street's end was destroyed to build the Baths of Diocletian.

Viminal Hill
The Viminal Hill (/ˈvɪmɪnəl/ VIM-in-əl; Latin: Collis Vīminālis [ˈkɔllɪs wiːmɪˈnaːlɪs]; Italian: Viminale [vimiˈnaːle]) is the smallest of the famous Seven Hills of Rome. A finger-shape cusp pointing toward central Rome between the Quirinal Hill to the northwest and the Esquiline Hill to the southeast, it is home to the Teatro dell'Opera and the Termini Railway Station.

At the top of the Viminal Hill is the Palace of Viminale that hosts the headquarters of the Ministry of the Interior; currently the term Il Viminale means the Ministry of the Interior.

According to Livy, the hill first became part of the city of Rome, along with the Quirinal Hill, during the reign of Servius Tullius, Rome's sixth king, in the 6th century BC. The name of the hill derives from Latin viminalis (“pertaining to osiers”), from vimen (“a pliant twig, osier”).
Filip Dvořák (ice hockey, born 1997)
Filip Dvořák (born March 9, 1997) is a Czech professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for HC ZUBR Přerov of the Czech 1.liga.

Dvořák made his Czech Extraliga debut playing with HC Kometa Brno during the 2015-16 Czech Extraliga season.

1st Czech Republic Hockey League
The Maxa liga is the second-highest level of professional ice hockey in the Czech Republic, after the Extraliga. It began in 1993 and is run and administered by Czech Ice Hockey Association.

Until 2015, the league was known as the 1st Czech National Hockey League. It was then known as the WSM Liga until 2018, and the Chance Liga until 2024.
Sword of Sherwood Forest
Sword of Sherwood Forest is a 1960 British Technicolor/MegaScope adventure film directed by Terence Fisher and starring Richard Greene, Peter Cushing, Niall MacGinnis, Nigel Green and Sarah Branch. Greene reprises the role of Robin Hood that he had played in The Adventures of Robin Hood television series from 1955 to 1959. The film was coproduced by Greene, Sidney Cole and Michael Carreras for Hammer Film Productions.

The film was shot in both England and Ireland, from 23 May 1960 until 8 July It was released in the UK on 26 Dec. 1960 and in the U.S. in January 1961.

Niall MacGinnis
Patrick Niall MacGinnis (29 March 1913 – 6 January 1977) was an Irish actor and physician. On screen, he was well-known for his character roles with a "poetic timbre", though he occasionally played leading parts like the title character in Martin Luther (1953) and the occultist antagonist of the classic horror film Night of the Demon (1957). In theatre, he was an accomplished Shakespearean, and a member of the Old Vic Company.
Napier Culverin
The Napier Culverin was a licensed built version of the Junkers Jumo 204 six-cylinder vertically opposed liquid-cooled diesel aircraft engine built by D. Napier & Son. The name is derived from the French word, culverin, for an early cannon or musket. First flown in 1938, the engine went into limited production, with testing carried out on a Blackburn Iris V biplane flying-boat aircraft and Fairey IIIF biplane.

Fairey III
The Fairey Aviation Company Fairey III was a family of British reconnaissance biplanes that enjoyed a very long production and service history in both landplane and seaplane variants. First flying on 14 September 1917, examples were still in use during the Second World War.
Clarinda, Victoria
Clarinda is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 18 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Kingston local government area. Clarinda recorded a population of 7,441 at the 2021 census.

Local government areas of Victoria
This is a list of local government areas (LGAs) in Victoria, sorted by region.

Also referred to as municipalities, the 79 Victorian LGAs are classified as cities (34), shires (38), rural cities (6) and boroughs (1). In general, an urban or suburban LGA is called a city and is governed by a city council, while a rural LGA covering a larger rural area is usually called a shire and is governed by a shire council. Local councils have the same administrative functions and similar political structures, regardless of their classification.

Local elections are held in Victoria every four years with the most recent elections held in 2024.