hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Danbury and Norwalk Railroad
The Danbury and Norwalk Railroad, chartered in 1836 as the Fairfield County Railroad, was an independent American railroad that operated between the cities of Danbury and Norwalk, Connecticut from 1852 until its absorption by the Housatonic Railroad in 1886. The right of way established by the D&N continues in operation and is now the Danbury Branch of the New Haven Line of the Metro-North Railroad.

South Norwalk, Connecticut
South Norwalk is a neighborhood in Norwalk, Connecticut which corresponds to the city's Second Taxing District. Often referred to as SoNo, the neighborhood was originally settled as Old Well, then chartered as the city of South Norwalk on August 18, 1870. The cities of Norwalk and South Norwalk were incorporated on June 6, 1913. South Norwalk underwent major redevelopment during the early 21st century, with many new apartments being constructed, often in close proximity to South Norwalk station, and generally more expensive than existing housing.

South Norwalk is a diverse neighborhood both from a socioeconomic and racial perspective.

The neighborhood hosts the annual SoNo Arts Festival, an event that showcases local artists, businesses, and musical acts. The annual Norwalk Oyster Festival, sponsored by the Norwalk Seaport Association, is held at Veteran's Memorial Park, across the Norwalk Harbor in East Norwalk.
DDL intercettazioni
DDL Intercettazioni or the Wiretapping Bill is a piece of legislation put periodically before the Italian Parliament, but never passed.

In the XVI legislature, that version of the bill provided for a measure (paragraph 29), found to be in violation of free speech by the public opinion: after the public outcry, it has never been approved by Parliament.

Legislature XVI of Italy
The Legislature XVI of Italy (Italian: XVI Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) started on 29 April 2008 and ended on 14 March 2013. Its composition resulted from the snap election of 13–14 April 2008, called after President Giorgio Napolitano dissolved the houses on 6 February 2008. The dissolution of the Parliament was a consequence of the defeat of the incumbent government led by Romano Prodi during a vote of confidence in the Senate.

The legislature was dissolved by President Napolitano on 22 December 2012, a few months before the end of its natural five-year term.
P'isaqa (Cochabamba)
P'isaqa (Aymara and Quechua for Nothoprocta, a bird, also spelled Pizaca) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 3,200 m (10,500 ft). It is located in the Cochabamba Department, Carrasco Province, Pocona Municipality. It lies at the Wanaku Mayu.

Nothoprocta
Nothoprocta is a genus of birds belonging to the tinamou family Tinamidae. They inhabit scrubland, grassland and open woodland in western South America, particularly in the Andes. They are poor fliers and spend most of their time on the ground. Their diet includes seeds and insects. They nest on the ground, laying large glossy eggs. The eggs are covered with feathers when a potential predator is nearby.

They are medium-sized tinamous, 26 to 36 cm (10–14 in) long. They have strong legs and fairly long, downcurved bills. The plumage is mostly grey-brown with intricate black, white and buff markings. The birds have loud, whistling calls.
Abscission
Abscission (from Latin  ab- 'away' and  scindere 'to cut') is the shedding of various parts of an organism, such as a plant dropping a leaf, fruit, flower, or seed. In zoology, abscission is the intentional shedding of a body part, such as the shedding of a claw, husk, or the autotomy of a tail to evade a predator. In mycology, it is the liberation of a fungal spore. In cell biology, abscission refers to the separation of two daughter cells at the completion of cytokinesis.

Autotomy
Autotomy ('self-amputation', from the Greek auto-, "self-" and tome, "severing") is the behaviour whereby an animal sheds or discards an appendage, usually as a self-defense mechanism to elude a predator's grasp or to distract the predator and thereby allow escape. Some animals are able to regenerate the lost body part later. Autotomy is thought to have evolved independently at least nine times. The term was coined in 1883 by Leon Fredericq.
Roston
Roston is a hamlet in Derbyshire, England. It is located  north of Rocester. The Roston Inn (known locally as 'The Shant') is at the junction of Mill Lane and Lid Lane in the hamlet. Roston is in the parish of Norbury with Roston.

Roston Common is a short distance east from Roston. George Eliot's father, Robert Evans was born here and sang in the choir at Norbury church.

Rocester
Rocester /ˈroʊstər/ ⓘ is a village and civil parish in the East Staffordshire district of Staffordshire, England. Its name is spelt Rowcestre in the Domesday Book of 1086. It is located on the Derbyshire border.
Fairbanks Exploration Company Dredge No. 2
The Fairbanks Exploration Company Dredge No. 2 is a historic gold mining dredge in a remote area of Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska, northeast of the city of Fairbanks.  It is currently located on the north bank of Fish Creek, shortly northeast of the mouth of Slippery Creek.  Its main structure is a compartmented steel hull, 128 feet (39 m) long, 60 feet (18 m) wide, and 12 feet (3.7 m) high, with a 1-2 story superstructure above made of steel and wood framing sheathed in corrugated metal.  It has three gantries, and a digging ladder 112 feet (34 m) long at its bow that weights 178,000 pounds (81,000 kg).  All of its original operating equipment was reported to be in place in 1999.  The dredge was built in 1927 by the Bethlehem Steel Company, and assembled for use in Alaska in 1928.  It was operated by the Fairbanks Exploration Company in the Goldstream Valley from 1928 to 1949, and on Fairbanks Creek and lower Fish Creek from 1950 to 1961.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
Archibald John Macdonald (Prince Edward Island politician)
Archibald John Macdonald (October 10, 1834 – August 18, 1917) was a merchant and political figure in Prince Edward Island. He represented 5th Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island as a Conservative member from 1872 to 1876 and from 1879 to 1912.

He was born in Panmure Island, the son of Hugh Macdonald and Catherine McDonald, and was educated at Georgetown and at the Central Academy (later Prince of Wales College) in Charlottetown. He went into business with his older brother Andrew Archibald and his younger brother Augustine Colin. In 1873, he married Marion Murphy. Macdonald was a justice of the peace, a customs collector at Georgetown and was also a consular agent for the United States. He served as a member of the province's Executive Council from 1873 to 1876 and again in 1883.

Macdonald was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1876. He also served as sheriff for Kings County. He died in Georgetown at the age of 72.

Panmure Island, Prince Edward Island
Panmure Island is a Canadian rural community in Lot 61 township in Kings County, Prince Edward Island.

The community is situated upon Panmure Island and derives its name from this island.

The community is home to several year-round residents but hosts numerous visitors in the summer months when its many cottages are fully occupied.
Senju-ji
Senju-ji (専修寺), also known as Takadayama (高田山), refers to a pair of temples which are the chief Buddhist temples of the Takada branch of Jōdo Shinshū, a Japanese Buddhist sect. The current head temple, Honan Senju-ji, founded in the 15th century, is located in Mie Prefecture. The original head temple, Hon-ji Senju-ji, founded in 1225, is located in Tochigi Prefecture. Both temples are governed by the same abbot.

Buddhist temples in Japan
Buddhist temples or monasteries are (along with Shinto shrines) the most numerous, famous, and important religious buildings in Japan. The shogunates or leaders of Japan have made it a priority to update and rebuild Buddhist temples since the Momoyama period (late 16th century). The Japanese word for a Buddhist monastery is tera (寺) (kun reading), and the same kanji also has the pronunciation ji (on reading), so temple names frequently end in -dera (voiced) or -ji. Another ending, -in (院), is normally used to refer to minor temples. Examples of temple names that have these suffixes are Kiyomizu-dera, Enryaku-ji and Kōtoku-in.
Pakihi
Pakihi or pākihi is a vegetation association unique to the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand, characterised by flat boggy land with infertile, waterlogged soil on which only rushes, ferns, moss, and mānuka grow.

Westport, New Zealand
Westport (Māori: Kawatiri) is the main town of the Buller District in the West Coast Region of the South Island of New Zealand. Established in 1861, it is the oldest European settlement on the West Coast. Originally named Buller, it is on the right bank and at the mouth of the Buller River, close to the prominent headland of Cape Foulwind. It is connected with Greymouth, 100 kilometres (62 mi) to the south, via State Highway 6, and with Nelson, 222 kilometres (138 mi) to the northeast, via the Buller Gorge. The Westport urban area has 4,600 residents, out of a Buller District population of 10,650, as of June 2025.
Martyrologium Hieronymianum
The Martyrologium Hieronymianum (meaning "martyrology of Jerome") or Martyrologium sancti Hieronymi (meaning "martyrology of Saint Jerome") is an ancient martyrology or list of Christian martyrs in calendar order, one of the most used and influential of the Middle Ages. It is the oldest surviving general or "universal" martyrology, and the precursor of all later Western martyrologies.

Pseudepigraphically attributed to Saint Jerome, the Martyrologium Hieronymianum contains a reference to him derived from the opening chapter of his Life of  Malchus (392 AD) where Jerome states his intention to write a history of the saints and martyrs from the apostolic times: "I decided to write [a history, mentioned earlier] from the coming of the saviour up to our age, that is, from the apostles, up to the dregs of our time".

Pseudo-Jerome
Pseudo-Jerome is the name given to several authors misidentified as, or pseudepigraphically claiming to be, Saint Jerome. A principal writing identified as "Pseudo Jerome" is the ninth-century writing the Epistle of Pseudo-Jerome to Paula and Eustochium, a sermon on the Assumption of Mary.

Other works are also pseudonymously attributed to Jerome, including a Handbook on the Apocalypse, a kind of preacher's manual containing glosses (brief 1-2 sentence explanations) of passages from the Book of Revelation. This work was likely composed by an Irish bishop writing from continental Europe in the late 7th century.
Ait Bouyahya El Hajjama
Ait Bouyahya El Hajjama is a commune in Khémisset Province of the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra administrative region of Morocco. At the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 5,514 people in 1,066 households.

Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra (Arabic: الرباط-سلا-القنيطرة, romanized: ar-ribāṭ salā al-qunayṭira) is one of twelve administrative regions of Morocco. It is situated in north-western Morocco and has a population of 5,132,639 (2024 census). The capital is Rabat.
Ndao Island
Ndao is one of the southernmost islands of the Indonesian archipelago. It is part of Lesser Sunda Islands and is located west of the island of Rote Island, 500 km (310 mi) from the coast Australia and 170 km (110 mi) from the Ashmore and Cartier Islands.

Administratively, Ndao forms, together with Rote and neighboring islands, the Rote Ndao Regency after the regency was separated from Kupang province.

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
The Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands is an uninhabited Australian external territory consisting of four low-lying tropical islands in two separate reefs (Ashmore and Cartier), as well as the 12-nautical-mile (22 km; 14 mi) territorial sea generated by the islands. The territory is located in the Indian Ocean situated on the edge of the continental shelf, about 320 km (200 mi) off the northwest coast of Australia and 144 km (90 mi) south of the Indonesian island of Rote.

Ashmore Reef is called Pulau Pasir by Indonesians and Nusa Solokaek in the Rotenese language. Both names have the meaning "sand island".
Cavendish Club
The Cavendish Club was a prestigious contract bridge club founded in 1925 by Wilbur Whitehead in association with Gratz M. Scott and Edwin A. Wetzlar. Initially located at the Mayfair House (65th and Park Avenue) in New York City, it relocated several times with a final address in a townhouse on 73rd. St. It ceased operations at the end of May 1991 as a result of rent escalations and falling membership.

The Cavendish had reciprocal arrangements with Crockford's in London, the Golfer's in Paris and the Savoy in Hollywood, California.

In 1975, the Club inaugurated the Cavendish Invitational Pairs, now one of the strongest and most prestigious invitational contract bridge events in the world.

Howard Schenken
Howard Schenken (September 28, 1903 – February 20, 1979) was an American bridge player, writer, and long-time syndicated bridge columnist. He was from New York City. He won three Bermuda Bowl titles, and set several North American records. Most remarkably he won the Life Master Pairs five times, the Spingold twelve, and the Vanderbilt Trophy ten times; the LM Pairs and Vanderbilt records that still stand today.

Schenken is ACBL Life Master number 3, dating from 1936. He was named to the bridge hall of fame by The Bridge World in 1966, which brought the number of members to nine, all made founding members of the ACBL Hall of Fame in 1995.
Kay Oyegun
Kay Oyegun is a Nigerian born American writer, producer, and director. She is known for writing for This Is Us, of which she also produced and directed several episodes, and writing for Queen Sugar. She made her This Is Us directorial debut in the "Birth Mother" episode which aired on January 12, 2021.

Oyegun wrote the original script for Assisted Living, an upcoming Paramount movie which will mark Cardi B's debut in a leading movie role.

Oyegun currently serves as a writer and executive producer on Apple TV+'s upcoming miniseries, Imperfect Women, starring Kerry Washington, Elisabeth Moss, Kate Mara, Joel Kinnaman, and Corey Stoll.

Oyegun has a bachelor's degree in Journalism from the University of Pittsburgh and an MFA in Producing from USC.

Kate Mara
Kate Rooney Mara (/ˈmɛərə/ MAIR-ə; born February 27, 1983) is an American actress. She is known for her work in television, playing reporter Zoe Barnes in the Netflix political drama House of Cards (2013–2014; 2016), computer analyst Shari Rothenberg in the Fox thriller series 24 (2006), wronged mistress Hayden McClaine in the FX miniseries American Horror Story: Murder House (2011), Patty Bowes in the first season of the FX drama series Pose (2018), and a teacher involved with an underage student in the FX miniseries A Teacher (2020).

Mara made her film debut in Random Hearts (1999). She has since appeared in Brokeback Mountain (2005), We Are Marshall (2006), Shooter (2007), Transsiberian (2008), Stone of Destiny (2008), The Open Road (2009), Transcendence (2014), The Martian (2015), Fantastic Four (2015), Morgan (2016), Megan Leavey (2017), My Days of Mercy (2017), Chappaquiddick (2018), and Friendship (2024).
DakhaBrakha
DakhaBrakha are a Ukrainian folk music quartet which combines the musical styles of several ethnic groups. They were a winner of the Sergey Kuryokhin Contemporary Art Award in 2009 and the Shevchenko National Prize in 2020.

DakhaBrakha are a project of the Dakh Contemporary Arts Center, led by Vladyslav Troitskyi and born as a live theater music crew. Troitskyi continues to be the band's producer. Members of DakhaBrakha participate in the centre's other projects, notably in the all-female cabaret project Dakh Daughters, as well as in the annual Gogolfest festival.

Ukrainian folk music
Ukrainian folk music includes a number of varieties of traditional, folkloric, folk-inspired popular music, and folk-inspired European classical music traditions.

In the 20th century numerous ethnographic and folkloric musical ensembles were established in Ukraine and gained popularity.

During the Soviet era, music was a controlled commodity and was used as a tool for the indoctrination of the population. As a result, the repertoire of Ukrainian folk music performers and ensembles was controlled and restricted.
Lorenza Borrani
"While having a formidable technique, she is not a virtuoso phenomenon, but something different that has to do intimately with music."

Lorenza Borrani (born 1983 in Florence) is an Italian violinist. She performs as leader, ensemble director, soloist and chamber musician all over the world. To the concert activity she adds that of professor of violin and chamber orchestras.

Fiesole School of Music
The Fiesole School of Music (Italian: Scuola di Musica di Fiesole) is a music school in Fiesole, Italy.  It was founded by Piero Farulli (it) in 1974.

It presents an annual New Year's Day concert at the Teatro del Maggio Musicale Fiorentino.

A premier institution at the Fiesole School of Music is the Orchestra Giovanile Italiana, the national youth orchestra of Italy.

As of 2008 violinist Pavel Vernikov was tutor at the school, and Maria Kouznetsova one of his students.
2016 Montana Secretary of State election
The 2016 Montana Secretary of State election was held on November 8, 2016, in order to elect the Secretary of State of Montana. Republican nominee and former member of the Montana Senate from the 27th district Corey Stapleton won the election against Democratic nominee and incumbent Auditor of Montana Monica Lindeen and Libertarian Roger Roots.

Montana State Auditor
The Montana state auditor is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Montana. The state auditor is elected once every four years, concurrent with the state's gubernatorial election and the U.S. presidential election. The current state auditor is James Brown, who was first elected in November 2024 and took office in January 2025.
The Oscar Pettiford Orchestra in Hi-Fi Volume Two
The Oscar Pettiford Orchestra in Hi-Fi Volume Two (also referred to as O.P.'s Jazz Men) is an album by bassist/cellist and composer Oscar Pettiford that was recorded in 1957 and first issued on the ABC-Paramount label.

Benny Golson
Benny Golson (January 25, 1929 – September 21, 2024) was an American bebop and hard bop jazz tenor saxophonist, composer, and arranger. He came to prominence with the big bands of Lionel Hampton and Dizzy Gillespie, more as a writer than a performer, before launching his solo career. Golson was known for co-founding and co-leading The Jazztet with trumpeter Art Farmer in 1959. From the late 1960s through the 1970s Golson was in demand as an arranger for film and television and thus was less active as a performer, but he and Farmer re-formed the Jazztet in 1982.

Many of Golson's compositions have become jazz standards, including "I Remember Clifford", "Blues March", "Stablemates", "Whisper Not", "Along Came Betty", and "Killer Joe". He is regarded as "one of the most significant contributors" to the development of hard bop jazz, and was a recipient of a Grammy Trustees Award in 2021.
Anthranilate N-benzoyltransferase
In enzymology, an anthranilate N-benzoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.144) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

benzoyl-CoA + anthranilate  CoA + N-benzoylanthranilate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are benzoyl-CoA and anthranilate, whereas its two products are CoA and N-benzoylanthranilate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is benzoyl-CoA:anthranilate N-benzoyltransferase.

Anthranilic acid
Anthranilic acid is an aromatic acid with the formula C6H4(NH2)(CO2H) and has a sweetish taste. The molecule consists of a benzene ring, ortho-substituted with a carboxylic acid and an amine. As a result of containing both acidic and basic functional groups, the compound is amphoteric. Anthranilic acid is a white solid when pure, although commercial samples may appear yellow. The anion [C6H4(NH2)(CO2)]−, obtained by the deprotonation of anthranilic acid, is called anthranilate. Anthranilic acid was once thought to be a vitamin and was referred to as vitamin L1 in that context, but it is now known to be non-essential in human nutrition.
Electric dipole moment
The electric dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative electrical charges within a system: that is, a measure of the system's overall polarity. The SI unit for electric dipole moment is the coulomb-metre (C⋅m). The debye (D) is a CGS unit of measurement used in atomic physics and chemistry.

Theoretically, an electric dipole is defined by the first-order term of the multipole expansion; it consists of two equal and opposite charges that are infinitesimally close together, although real dipoles have separated charge.

Coulomb
The coulomb (symbol: C) is the unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined to be equal to the electric charge delivered by a 1 ampere current in 1 second, with the elementary charge e as a defining constant in the SI.
Almen
Almen is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is in the municipality Lochem, about 7 km east of the city of Zutphen.

It was first mentioned in 1188 as Almen, and means "settlement near elm trees". Castle Ehze was built around 1300. It was destroyed during the Dutch Revolt and rebuilt in 1647. In 1816, it was demolished and replaced by an estate in 1831. In 1840, it was home to 456 people.

Elm
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the genus Ulmus in the family Ulmaceae. They are distributed over most of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the temperate and tropical-montane regions of North America and Eurasia, ranging southward in Western Asia to Iran, in Africa to Libya, and in Southeast Asia into Indonesia.

Elms are components of many kinds of natural forests. Moreover, during the 19th and early 20th centuries, many species and cultivars were also planted as ornamental street, garden, and park trees in Europe, North America, and parts of the Southern Hemisphere, notably Australasia. Some individual elms reached great size and age. However, in recent decades, most mature elms of European or North American origin have died from Dutch elm disease, caused by a microfungus dispersed by bark beetles. In response, disease-resistant cultivars have been developed, capable of restoring the elm to forestry and landscaping.