hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dario Polli
Dario Polli is an Italian physicist and academic, whose research interest include the development of innovative microscopy systems, especially in the field of coherent Raman scattering microscopy, ultrafast spectroscopy, Fourier-transform spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging. He is currently serving as a Full Professor of Physics at the Physics Department of the Politecnico di Milano. Polli is also associated with the Italian CNR (National Research Council) with a research assignment.

Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development
The Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development, also called Framework Programmes or abbreviated FP1 to FP9, are funding programmes created by the European Union/European Commission to support and foster research in the European Research Area (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named Horizon.

The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, Horizon Europe, has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over 7 years.

The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In Horizon 2020, the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies.
James Kaiser
James Frederick Kaiser (Dec. 10, 1929 – Feb. 13, 2020) was an American electrical engineer noted for his contributions in signal processing. He was an IEEE Fellow and received many honors and awards, including the IEEE Centennial Medal, the IEEE W.R.G. Baker Award, the Bell Laboratories Distinguished Technical Staff Award, and the IEEE Jack S. Kilby Signal Processing Medal.

IEEE W.R.G. Baker Award
IEEE W.R.G. Baker Award provided by the Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE), was created in 1956 from a donation from Walter R. G. Baker (1892–1960) to the IRE. The award continued to be awarded by the board of directors of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), after the IRE organization merged into the IEEE in 1963. Recipients received a certificate and honorarium "for the most outstanding paper reporting original work" in one of the IEEE publications, including the transactions, journals, proceedings, and magazines of the IEEE Societies. The award was discontinued in 2016.
Marek Cholewa
Marek Piotr Cholewa (born July 1, 1963) is a former Polish ice hockey player. He played for the Poland men's national ice hockey team at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, and the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville.

Albertville
Albertville (French pronunciation: [albɛʁvil] ⓘ; Arpitan: Arbèrtvile) is a subprefecture of the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. 
It is best known for hosting the 1992 Winter Olympics and Paralympics. In 2022, the commune had a population of 19,706; its urban area had 40,715 inhabitants.
Miss Venezuela 1999
Miss Venezuela 1999 was the 46th Miss Venezuela pageant, was held in Caracas, Venezuela on September 10, 1999 after weeks of events. The winner of the pageant was Martina Thorogood, Miss Miranda.

The pageant was broadcast live on Venevision from the Poliedro de Caracas in Caracas, Venezuela. At the conclusion of the final night of competition, outgoing titleholder Carolina Indriago, crowned Martina Thorogood of Miranda as the new Miss Venezuela.

Venevisión
Venevisión (Spanish pronunciation: [beneβiˈsjon]) is a Venezuelan free-to-air television channel and one of Venezuela's largest television networks, owned by the Cisneros Media division of Grupo Cisneros. It was founded in 1961 by Diego Cisneros. It is one of the major telenovela producers in the world, along with Televisa, TV Azteca, Telemundo, TV Globo, Caracol Televisión, RCN Televisión, ABS-CBN, GMA Network and Channel 3.
Donté K. Hayes
Donté K. Hayes (born 1975, Baltimore, Maryland) is an American artist known for his ceramic sculpture. He studied at Kennesaw State University and the University of Iowa. In 2019 Hayes was named Ceramics Monthly magazine's emerging artist. The same year, he won the Society 1858 prize for contemporary Southern art from the Gibbes Museum of Art. His work is in the collection of Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. His piece, Initiate, was acquired by the Smithsonian American Art Museum as part of the Renwick Gallery's 50th Anniversary Campaign.

Kennesaw State University
Kennesaw State University (KSU) is a public research university in the U.S. state of Georgia with two campuses in the Atlanta metropolitan area, one in the Kennesaw area and the other in Marietta on a combined 581 acres (235 ha) of land. The school was founded in 1963 by the Georgia Board of Regents using local bonds and a federal space-grant during a time of major Georgia economic expansion after World War II. KSU also holds classes at the Cobb Galleria Centre, Dalton State College, and in Paulding County (Dallas). The total enrollment exceeds 51,000 students making KSU the third-largest university by enrollment in Georgia.

KSU is part of the University System of Georgia and is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". Kennesaw State's athletic teams are an NCAA Division I member of the Conference USA.
Camp Santiago Joint Training Center
Camp Santiago Joint Training Center is a military training installation controlled by the Puerto Rico National Guard on 6,500 hectares (16,000 acres)  of land located in Salinas, Puerto Rico. This training facility was named posthumously after Medal of Honor recipient and native of Salinas, Puerto Rico, Specialist Four Héctor Santiago-Colón.

Army National Guard
The Army National Guard (ARNG) is an organized militia force and a federal military reserve force of the United States Army. It is simultaneously part of two different organizations: the Militia of the United States (consisting of the ARNG of each state, most territories, and Washington D.C.), as well as the federal ARNG, as part of the National Guard as a whole (which includes the Air National Guard). It is divided into subordinate units stationed in each state or insular area, responsible to their respective governors or other head-of-government.

The Guard's origins are usually traced to the city of Salem, Massachusetts, in 1636. That year a regiment of militia drilled for the first time to defend a multi-community area within what is now the United States.
Queensland Poetry Festival
Queensland Poetry Festival was the flagship program of Queensland Poetry, one of Australia's premier organisations for all things poetry. It existed to support and promote a poetry culture in Queensland and Australia, embracing the wide possibility of poetic expression in all of its forms. As well as hosting an annual festival,  Queensland Poetry also produced a number of signature projects and programs throughout the year.

Jeet Thayil
Jeet Thayil (born 1959) is an Indian poet, novelist, librettist and musician. He is the author of several poetry collections, including These Errors Are Correct (2008), which won the Sahitya Akademi Award. His first novel, Narcopolis, (2012), won the DSC Prize for South Asian Literature, and was shortlisted for the 2012 Man Booker Prize and The Hindu Literary Prize.
Frank Rochon
François "Frank" Rochon (born April 18, 1953, in Laval, Quebec) is a retired professional ice hockey player who played 255 games in the World Hockey Association.  He played for the  Chicago Cougars, Denver Spurs, Ottawa Civics and the Indianapolis Racers.

Chicago Cougars
The Chicago Cougars were a professional ice hockey team in Chicago. They competed in the World Hockey Association from 1972 to 1975. The Cougars played their home games in the International Amphitheatre.
Directed algebraic topology
In mathematics, directed algebraic topology is a refinement of algebraic topology for directed spaces, topological spaces and their combinatorial counterparts equipped with some notion of direction.  Some common examples of directed spaces are spacetimes and simplicial sets.  The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify directed spaces up to directed analogues of homotopy equivalence.  For example, homotopy groups and fundamental n-groupoids of spaces generalize to homotopy monoids and fundamental n-categories of directed spaces.  Directed algebraic topology, like algebraic topology, is motivated by the need to describe qualitative properties of complex systems in terms of algebraic properties of state spaces, which are often directed by time.  Thus directed algebraic topology finds applications in concurrency (computer science), network traffic control, general relativity, noncommutative geometry, rewriting theory, and biological systems.

Concurrency (computer science)
In computer science, concurrency refers to the ability of a system to execute multiple tasks through simultaneous execution or time-sharing (context switching), sharing resources and managing interactions. Concurrency improves responsiveness, throughput, and scalability in modern computing, including:

Operating systems and embedded systems

Distributed systems, parallel computing, and high-performance computing

Database systems, web applications, and cloud computing
Thomas Dunne (Lord Lieutenant)
Sir Thomas Raymond Dunne, KG, KCVO, JP (24 October 1933 – 6 January 2025) was a British military officer who was Lord Lieutenant of Hereford and Worcester, serving from 1977, then (after the historic counties were restored) from 1998 he was the Lord Lieutenant of Worcestershire until 2001 and the Lord Lieutenant of Herefordshire until 2008.

Lord-lieutenant
A lord-lieutenant (UK: /lɛfˈtɛnənt/ lef-TEN-ənt) is the British monarch's personal representative in each lieutenancy area of the United Kingdom. Historically, each lieutenant was responsible for organising the county's militia. In 1871, the lieutenant's responsibility over the local militia was removed. However, it was not until 1921 that they formally lost the right to call upon able-bodied men to fight when needed.

Lord-lieutenant is now an honorary titular position usually awarded to a notable person in the county, and despite the title of the office, may be either male or female, peer or not.
Algotsson
Algotsson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Håkan Algotsson (born 1966), Swedish ice hockey goaltender

Linda Algotsson (born 1972), Swedish equestrian

Matilda Algotsson (born 1998), Swedish figure skater

Sara Algotsson Ostholt (born 1974), Swedish equestrian

Sara Algotsson Ostholt
Sara Anneli Algotsson Ostholt (born 8 December 1974 in Rockneby, Sweden) is a Swedish equestrian. At the 2012 Summer Olympics she competed in both the team and the individual eventing. Algotsson won a silver medal in the individual eventing.

She is the younger sister of fellow rider Linda Algotsson. She is married to German equestrian Frank Ostholt.

She lost one of her lead horses in a vehicle fire while on the way to a competition. The probable cause of the fire was stated as a mechanical issue.
CLRg property
In mathematics, the notion of "common limit in the range" property denoted by CLRg property is a theorem that unifies, generalizes, and extends the contractive mappings in fuzzy metric spaces, where the range of the mappings does not necessarily need to be a closed subspace of a non-empty set .

Suppose  is a non-empty set, and  is a distance metric; thus,  is a metric space. Now suppose we have self mappings  These mappings are said to fulfil CLRg property if

for some

Next, we give some examples that satisfy the CLRg property.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
UWI F.C.
University of the West Indies Football Club (commonly abbreviated UWI F.C.), was a Jamaican association football club based at the Mona campus of the University of the West Indies, near Kingston. They were promoted to the National Premier League for first time after the 2014–15 season. During their first season in Jamaica's top division in 2015–16, the club finished one point out of the championship play-offs.

Mona, Jamaica
Mona is a neighbourhood in southeastern Saint Andrew Parish, approximately eight kilometres from Kingston, Jamaica.  A former sugarcane plantation, it is the site of a reservoir serving the city of Kingston and the main campus of the University of the West Indies.
Tilburg Reeshof railway station
Tilburg Reeshof is a railway station located in the Reeshof in Tilburg, Netherlands. It is situated on the Breda–Eindhoven railway. The station was opened on 14 December 2003. The train services are operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen.

Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen ([ˈneːdərlɑntsə ˈspoːrˌʋeːɣə(n)] ⓘ, lit. 'Dutch Railways', NS [ɛnˈɛs] ⓘ) is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands. It is a Dutch state-owned company founded in 1938.

The rail infrastructure is maintained by network manager ProRail, which was split off from NS in 2003. Freight operator NS Cargo merged with DB Cargo in 2000. NS runs 4,800 scheduled domestic trains a day, serving 1.1 million passengers. The NS also provides international rail services from the Netherlands to other European destinations and carries out concessions on some foreign rail markets through its subsidiary Abellio.
Christoph Babbi
Christoph Babbi, also known as Cristoforo Babbi, was an Italian violinist and composer. He was born in Cesena in 1748 and died in Dresden in 1814. He was the concert master of the Dresden court and among his works are concerti for violin, quartets, symphonies, and flute duets.

Cesena
Cesena (Italian: [tʃeˈzɛːna]; Romagnol: Cisêna) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy; and - with Forlì - is the capital of the Province of Forlì-Cesena. Served by Autostrada A14, and located near the Apennine Mountains, about 15 kilometres (9 miles) from the Adriatic Sea. The total population is 97,137.
South Carolina Memorial Garden
South Carolina Memorial Garden is a historic memorial garden located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was established in 1944-1945 by the Garden Club of South Carolina.  It was designed by noted landscape architect Loutrel W. Briggs (1893-1977).  It includes a variety of ornamental plants and complementary design elements such as a gate house or tea room (1957), tool house or gardener's shed (1949-1951), walls (1948), gates (1948), walks, fountain terrace and fountain (1951-1952), sculpture (1952, 1954), and garden furniture.  It was the first memorial garden sponsored by a state garden club in the United States that recognized veterans of World War II.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Loutrel Briggs
Loutrel Winslow Briggs (December 12, 1893 - May 1977) was an American landscape architect active in Charleston, South Carolina.

Briggs was born in New York City, graduated from Cornell University in 1917 with a degree in "Rural Art" (landscape architecture), and chaired the department of landscape architecture at the New York School of Fine and Applied Art. In the 1920s he began a seasonal landscape architecture practice in Charleston catering to wealthy New Yorkers who wintered in the area. His first major commission was in 1929 for Mrs. Washington Roebling, widow of the engineer who supervised construction of the Brooklyn Bridge. In 1951, Briggs published a book, "Charleston Gardens," about the private gardens in Charleston, South Carolina.

Briggs is now best known for more than one hundred gardens that he designed in or near Charleston's historic district. He was also landscape architect for Mepkin Abbey.
Helen Turley
Helen Turley is a pioneering American winemaker and wine consultant. She is known for bringing several Californian cult wines to the public awareness, and as the owner of a 20-acre (8.1 ha) boutique winery, Marcassin Vineyard. She is the recipient of several prestigious American wine awards, to include Wine Spectator's Distinguished Service Award and Food & Wine's Achievement Winemaker of the Year. In 2019, she was inducted to the California Hall of Fame.

In addition to consulting for wineries such as Pahlmeyer, Bryant Family Vineyard, Colgin, Martinelli and Blankiet, until 1995, she was the winemaker for Turley Wine Cellars.

Winery
A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the cultivation and production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, bottling lines, laboratories, and large expanses of tanks known as tank farms. Wineries may have existed as long as 8,000 years ago.
Robert Wilson (priest, born 1840)
Robert James Wilson (20 September 1840 – 15 May 1897) was an English Anglican priest and academic, who was Warden of Keble College, Oxford, from 1889 until his death.

Wilson was born in Broadwater, Sussex, England and educated at Cheltenham College and Merton College, Oxford. He was appointed as a Fellow of the college in 1867, retaining this position until 1889.  He was ordained in the Church of England in 1868, and served as vicar of Wolvercote, Oxfordshire, from 1875 to 1879, when he became Warden of Radley College (until 1888); he was also vicar of Radley from 1880 to 1893. In 1889, he was appointed Warden of Keble College, Oxford, and made an Honorary Fellow of Merton.  He died on 15 May 1897. His writings included joint authorship (with Henry Parry Liddon) of a biography of Edward Bouverie Pusey, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement.

Cheltenham College
Cheltenham College is a public school (fee-charging boarding and day school for pupils aged 13–18) in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England. The school opened in 1841 as a Church of England foundation and is known for its outstanding linguistic, military, and sporting traditions.
Hassan El-Far
Hassan Ahmed El-Far (Arabic: حَسَن أَحْمَد الْفَار; 21 May 1912 – 8 August 1973) was an Egyptian football midfielder who played for Egypt in the 1934 FIFA World Cup. He also participated in the 1936 Summer Olympics and played for Zamalek SC.

Egypt national football team
The Egypt national football team (Egyptian Arabic: منتخب مصر لكرة القدم), nicknamed The Pharaohs (Egyptian Arabic: الفراعنة), represents Egypt in men's international football, and is governed by the Egyptian Football Association (EFA), the governing body of football in Egypt.

Egypt is Africa's oldest national football team and has won the Africa Cup of Nations a record seven times. The team has made three appearances in the FIFA World Cup and was the first-ever African and Middle Eastern team to make such an appearance.

Internationally, Egypt earned the honour of becoming a bronze medalist at the 2001 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Argentina.
Iago Negueruela
Iago Negueruela Vázquez (born 8 May 1980) is a Spanish politician serving as a member of the Parliament of the Balearic Islands since 2019. From 2015 to 2023, he served as minister of labor, trade and industry of the Balearic Islands.

Parliament of the Balearic Islands
The Parliament of the Balearic Islands (Catalan: Parlament de les Illes Balears; Spanish: Parlamento de las Islas Baleares) is the unicameral autonomous parliament of the Balearic Islands, one of the autonomous communities of Spain. Composed of 59 elected seats, it sits in the city of Palma, on the island of Majorca.
Kaigas
The Kaigas glaciation was a hypothesized Snowball Earth event in the Neoproterozoic Era, preceding the Sturtian glaciation. Its occurrence was inferred based on the interpretation of Kaigas Formation conglomerates in the stratigraphy overlying the Kalahari Craton as correlative with pre-Sturtian Numees formation glacial diamictites. However, the Kaigas formation was later determined to be non-glacial, and a Sturtian age was assigned to the Numees diamictites. Thus, there is no longer any evidence for a Neoproterozoic glaciation prior to the Sturtian Snowball Earth event.

Kalahari Craton
The Kalahari Craton is a craton, an old and stable part of the continental lithosphere, that occupies large portions of South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe. It consists of two cratons separated by the Limpopo Belt: the larger Kaapvaal Craton to the south and the smaller Zimbabwe Craton to the north.  The Namaqua Belt is the southern margin of the Kaapvaal Craton.

Parts of the Kalahari Craton are now in East Antarctica (the Grunehogna Craton) and West Antarctica (Haag Nunataks) and the Falkland Islands.
The name was introduced by T.N. Clifford in 1970 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFT.N._Clifford_in1970 (help).
Seal Sands
Seal Sands (grid reference NZ529260) is a 294.37 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in County Durham, England, notified in 1966.

Situated in the mouth of the River Tees next to Greatham Creek and Seaton-on-Tees Channel, the site is accessible from the A178 road running between Seaton Carew and Port Clarence.

SSSIs are designated by Natural England, formerly English Nature, which uses the 1974–1996 county system. This means there is no grouping of SSSIs by Stockton-on-Tees unitary authority, or County Durham which is the relevant ceremonial county. As such Seal Sands is one of 18 SSSIs in the Cleveland area of search.

An area of reclaimed land is given over to chemical industries.

Borough of Stockton-on-Tees
The Borough of Stockton-on-Tees is a unitary authority area with borough status in County Durham and North Yorkshire, England. In 2021, it had a population of 196,600.

The main settlement and namesake of the borough is Stockton-on-Tees, which lies on the north bank of the River Tees in County Durham, along with the towns of Billingham and Norton-on-Tees. The borough also includes the towns of Ingleby Barwick, Thornaby-on-Tees and Yarm, all south of the Tees, in North Yorkshire. Bridges spanning the River Tees include the Yarm Viaduct and the Tees Transporter Bridge. The borough is locally governed by Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council and forms part of the Tees Valley together with the boroughs of Darlington, Middlesbrough, Redcar and Cleveland and Hartlepool. Teesside International Airport is partly within the borough.
Ein Elsoda
Ein Elsoda (Arabic: عين السودة)  is a Syrian village located in Jisr al-Shughur Nahiyah in Jisr al-Shughur District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ein Elsoda had a population of 2947 in the 2004 census.

Jisr ash-Shughur Subdistrict
Jisr ash-Shughur Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية مركز جسر الشغور)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Jisr ash-Shughur District in Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jisr ash-Shughur Subdistrict had a population of 89,028 in the 2004 census.