hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caleb Shaffner
Caleb Willoughby Shaffner (February 1, 1846 – December 28, 1904) was a travelling salesman and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Annapolis County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1878 to 1882 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Nicteaux, Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, of German descent, and was educated at Acadia College. In 1871, he married Annie Wood. He was a lieutenant-colonel in the local militia. Shaffner lived in Wilmot, Nova Scotia. He died in Truro at the age of 87.

Wilmot, Nova Scotia
Wilmot is an unincorporated community located in Annapolis County in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

The community takes its name from Wilmot Township, one of the early subdivisions of Annapolis County. The township was named after Montague Wilmot, a colonial governor of Nova Scotia. The township, which included what is now Aylesford, was granted in 1764 to New England settlers. In 1768 it had a population of 40; by 1827 it had grown to 2,294.

The first major land owner, a magistrate named Philip Richardson, was granted seven lots totaling 2,000 acres (809 ha) in 1777. Brigadier General Timothy Ruggles was granted 10,000 acres (4047 ha) in 1784.
Japanese Right Army
The Japanese Right Army or Army of the Right was an army of Japan during the second wave of Japanese invasions of Korea, in the years 1597–1598.  It included forces from several divisions of the earlier invasions (1592–1596). Under the overall command of Mori Hidemoto, the Right Army consisted mainly of the former Second Division led by Katō Kiyomasa, the Third Division led by Kuroda Nagamasa and the Seventh Division led by Mōri Hidemoto, who replaced his cousin Mōri Terumoto.

Mōri Terumoto
Mōri Terumoto (毛利 輝元, January 22, 1553 – June 2, 1625) was a Japanese daimyō. The son of Mōri Takamoto, and grandson and successor of the great warlord Mōri Motonari, he fought against Oda Nobunaga but was eventually overcome. He participated in Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Korean Campaign (1592) and built Hiroshima Castle, thus essentially founding Hiroshima.
Pat Robinson III
Patrick "Pat" Robinson III (born November 15, 1999) is an American professional basketball player for the Cheshire Phoenix of the British Super League. He played college basketball for the Charleston Cougars, West Liberty Hilltoppers, and the Holy Family Tigers.

West Liberty Hilltoppers
The West Liberty Hilltoppers, also previously known as the West Liberty State Hilltoppers, are the athletic teams that represent West Liberty University, located in West Liberty, West Virginia, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Hilltoppers compete as members of the Mountain East Conference for all sports.

Prior to 2012, West Liberty was a member of the West Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, of which the Hilltoppers were an original founding member from 1924.
Crowne Plaza Riyadh Palace
Crowne Plaza Riyadh Palace (Arabic: كراون بلازا قصر الرياض), formerly Riyadh Palace Hotel (Arabic: فندق قصر الرياض), is a five-star 11-floor hotel in the al-Murabba neighborhood of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, located in close proximity to several government ministries. Opened in 1979, it incorporates some elements of modern architecture and assumed its current name when it was bought by InterContinental Hotels Group in 2018.

IHG Hotels & Resorts
InterContinental Hotels Group (IHG), marketed as IHG Hotels & Resorts, is a British multinational hospitality company headquartered in Windsor, Berkshire, England. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. It is also a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

As of September 2025, the group employs 375,000 people and operates, franchises and leases more than 6,800 hotels globally.
Loftis
Loftis is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Curtis M. Loftis, Jr. (born 1958), American politician, businessman and philanthropist

Dwight Loftis (born 1943), American politician

Norman Loftis, American poet

Robert Geers Loftis (born 1956), American diplomat

Zenas Sanford Loftis (1881–1909), American missionary to Tibet

Robert Geers Loftis
Robert Geers Loftis (born 1956) is a career member of the United States Foreign Service, former United States Ambassador to the Kingdom of Lesotho, and former Acting Coordinator for Reconstruction and Stabilization at the United States Department of State.

In 2013, Loftis joined Boston University as a professor of international relations.
Fritz Losigkeit
Fritz Losigkeit (17 November 1913 – 14 January 1994) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during the Spanish Civil War and wing commander during World War II. As a fighter ace, he is credited with 68 aerial victories in approximately 750 combat missions. This figure includes 13 aerial victories over the Western Allies, the remaining victories were claimed over the Eastern Front.

In June 1943, he was given command of III. Gruppe, Jagdgeschwader 51 (JG 51—51st Fighter Wing) which was fighting on the Eastern Front. In April 1944, Losigkeit was appointed Geschwaderkommodore (wing commander) of JG 51. A year later, he was appointed the last Geschwaderkommodore of Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) and received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, the highest award in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II.

Wing commander
Wing commander (Wg Cdr or W/C) is a senior officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank is used by air forces of many countries that have historical British influence.

Wing commander is immediately senior to squadron leader and immediately below group captain. It is usually equivalent to the rank of commander in the navy and the rank of lieutenant colonel in other services.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force and the Women's Royal Air Force (until 1968) and in Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (until 1980) was wing officer. The equivalent rank in the Royal Observer Corps (until 1995) was observer commander, which had a similar rank insignia.
Deadstream
Deadstream is a 2022 American supernatural horror comedy film directed, written, produced and edited by wife and husband Vanessa and Joseph Winter in their directorial debut, with Joseph also acting as lead actor and soundtrack composer.

The plot follows a disgraced content creator attempting to resurrect his career by livestreaming himself spending the night in a notorious haunted house; the film uses a found footage format, displaying the livestream itself. Deadstream had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 11, 2022, and was released in the United States on October 6, 2022, by Shudder to positive reviews.

Haunted house
A haunted house, spook house or ghost house in ghostlore is a house or other building often perceived as being inhabited by disembodied spirits of the deceased who may have been former residents or were otherwise connected with the property. Parapsychologists often attribute haunting to the spirits of the dead who have suffered from violent or tragic events in the building's past such as murder, accidental death, or suicide.

Upon scientific investigation, alternative causes to supernatural phenomenon are found, such as hoaxes, environmental effects, hallucinations or confirmation biases. Common symptoms of hauntings, like cold spots and creaking or knocking sounds, can be found in most homes regardless of suspected paranormal presences. Carbon monoxide poisoning has also been cited as a cause of suspected hauntings.
Education in Pennsylvania
There are numerous elementary, secondary, and higher institutions of learning in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, which is home to 500 public school districts, thousands of private schools, many publicly funded colleges and universities, and over 100 private institutions of higher education.

In general, under state law, school attendance in Pennsylvania is mandatory for a child from the age of 8 until the age of 17, or until graduation from an accredited high school, whichever is earlier.

Pennsylvania has a high school graduation rate of 90.2% in 2018. Additionally, 27.5% have gone on to obtain a bachelor's degree or higher. In 2009, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that 87.9% of Pennsylvanians aged 25 or older have attained a high school diploma or better.

Commonwealth (U.S. state)
Commonwealth is a term used by four of the 50 states of the United States in their full official names: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. "Commonwealth" is a traditional English term used to describe a political community as having been founded for the common good, and shares some similarities with the Latin phrase "res publica" ('the public thing'), which ultimately is the origin of the word "republic".

The "commonwealth" appellation is merely stylistic and carries no legal or political significance. The four states that use this term are all in the Eastern United States, and prior to the formation of the United States in 1776 were British colonial possessions (at the time, Kentucky was a part of colonial Virginia). As such, they share a strong influence of English common law in some of their laws and institutions.
Manaus Aerotáxi
Manaus Aerotáxi is a non-scheduled airline and air taxi company headquartered in Manaus, Brazil, specializing in charter flights and air medical services certified by the National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC) under the Brazilian Civil Aviation Regulations (RBAC) No. 135.

Founded in 1998, the company has contracts with the Brazilian Ministry of Defense to transport passengers, cargo and medevac to serve riverside communities in the Legal Amazon region.

Medical evacuation
Medical evacuation, often shortened to medevac or medivac, is the timely and efficient movement and en route care provided by medical personnel to patients requiring evacuation or transport using medically equipped air ambulances, helicopters and other means of emergency transport including ground ambulance and maritime transfers.

Examples include civilian EMS vehicles, civilian aeromedical helicopter services, and military air ambulances. This term also covers the transfer of patients from the battlefield to a treatment facility or from one treatment facility to another by medical personnel, such as from a local hospital to another medical facility which has adequate medical equipment.
Rhombitrioctagonal tiling
In geometry, the rhombitrioctagonal tiling is a semiregular tiling of the 
hyperbolic plane. At each vertex of the tiling there is one triangle and one octagon, alternating between two squares. The tiling has Schläfli symbol rr{8,3}. It can be seen as constructed as a rectified trioctagonal tiling, r{8,3}, as well as an expanded octagonal tiling or expanded order-8 triangular tiling.

Vertex (geometry)
In geometry, a vertex (pl.: vertices or vertexes), also called a corner, is a point where two or more curves, lines, or line segments meet or intersect. For example, the point where two lines meet to form an angle and the point where edges of polygons and polyhedra meet are vertices.
Hisashiburi no Lip Gloss
"Hisashiburi no Lip Gloss" (久しぶりのリップグロス, Hisashiburi no rippugurosu; lit. Lip Gloss After Some Time)) is 60th single by Japanese girl group AKB48. It is released on October 19, 2022. Member Erii Chiba served as both lead singer and choreographic center for the first time.

This single topped Oricon weekly singles chart after its release.

This is the last single released under King Records.

King Records (Japan)
King Record Co., Ltd. (キングレコード株式会社, Kingu Rekōdo Kabushiki gaisha), commonly known as King Records, is a Japanese record company founded in January 1931 as a division of the Japanese publisher Kodansha. It initially began operating as an independent entity in the 1950s. It later became part of the Otowa Group. Today, King Records is one of Japan's largest record companies which is not owned by a multinational entity. The label's headquarters are in Bunkyo, Tokyo.

The label's name is actually based from the now-defunct Kingu magazine published by Kodansha from 1924 to 1957.
Levu
Levu is a genus of small planthoppers from the family Derbidae, tribe Rhotanini, with more than 30 species. The species are found mainly on the islands of the western Pacific, particularly Melanesia. A few species have been also reported from eastern Australia and mainland Asia. The adult hoppers are around 4–5 mm long from head to the tip of the forewings. They lack the bright colours or conspicuous wing patters of other derbids, but a few species have red or orange markings. The wings may be carried in a roof-like (tectiform) position when the insects are at rest or they form a common plane like in house flies.

Type species: Levu vitiensis Kirkaldy, 1906

Planthopper
A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of grasshoppers. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. Fulgoromorphs are most reliably distinguished from the other Auchenorrhyncha by two features: the bifurcate (Y-shaped) anal vein in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented antennae, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous arista.
Raudfjordbreen
Raudfjordbreen is a glacier at Spitsbergen, Svalbard, on the divide between Albert I Land and Haakon VII Land. It has a length of 18 kilometers and debouches into Klinckowströmfjorden, the eastern branch of Raudfjorden.

Albert I Land
Albert I Land is the land area of the northwestern part of Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is bordered by Haakon VII Land to the southeast. To the northeast lies Raudfjorden and its inner branch, Klinckowströmfjorden, to the southeast Krossfjorden and its inner branch, Lilliehöökfjorden, to the west and north the Arctic Ocean.

Albert I Land is part of Spitsbergen that was first observed by Willem Barentz in 1596. Currently uninhabited, several geographical names stem from the history of whaling in the area during the 17th century. The area is named after Albert I, Prince of Monaco, in honor of his exploration of Spitsbergen, and in particular this area in 1898-1907.

The Hornemantoppen mountain is the highest peak in Albert I Land.
2024 RideLondon Classique
The 2024 Ford RideLondon Classique was a British women's cycle stage held in Essex and London, as part of the UCI Women's World Tour. Taking place between 24 and 26 May, the race was the tenth edition of the RideLondon Classique, part of the RideLondon cycling festival.

The race was won by Dutch rider Lorena Wiebes of Team SD Worx–Protime, with Wiebes winning all three stages as well as the sprints classification.

UCI Women's World Tour
The UCI Women's World Tour is the premier annual female elite road cycling tour. As of 2025, the tour includes 27 events in Europe, Asia and Oceania – with one-day races such as Strade Bianche Donne and Paris–Roubaix Femmes, stage races such as Women's Tour Down Under, as well as week long stage races (sometimes referred to as a "Grand Tour") such as Tour de France Femmes.
Shell Control Box
Shell Control Box (SCB) is a network security appliance that controls privileged access to remote IT systems, records activities in replayable audit trails, and prevents malicious actions. For example, it records as a system administrator updates a file server or a third-party network operator configures a router. The recorded audit trails can be replayed like a movie to review the events as they occurred. The content of the audit trails is indexed to make searching for events and automatic reporting possible.

SCB is a Linux-based device developed by Balabit. It is an application level proxy gateway. In 2017, Balabit changed the name of the product to Privileged Session Management (PSM) and repositioned it as the core module of its Privileged Access Management solution.

File server
In computing, a file server (or fileserver) is a computer attached to a network that provides a location for shared disk access, i.e. storage of computer files (such as text, image, sound, video) that can be accessed by  workstations within a computer network. The term server highlights the role of the machine in the traditional client–server scheme, where the clients are the workstations using the storage. A file server does not normally perform computational tasks or run programs on behalf of its client workstations (in other words, it is different from e.g. an application server, which is another type of server).

File servers are commonly found in schools and offices, where users use a local area network to connect their client computers.
High-bit-rate digital subscriber line
High-bit-rate digital subscriber line (HDSL) is a telecommunications protocol standardized in 1994. It was the first digital subscriber line (DSL) technology to use a higher frequency spectrum over copper, twisted pair cables. HDSL was developed to transport DS1 services at 1.544 Mbit/s and 2.048 Mbit/s over telephone local loops without a need for repeaters. Successor technology to HDSL includes HDSL2 and HDSL4, proprietary SDSL, and G.SHDSL.

Baud
In telecommunications and electronics, baud (/bɔːd/; symbol: Bd) is a common unit of measurement of symbol rate, which is one of the components that determine the speed of communication over a data channel.

It is the unit for symbol rate or modulation rate in symbols per second or pulses per second. It is the number of distinct symbol changes (signalling events) made to the transmission medium per second in a digitally modulated signal or a bd rate line code.

Baud is related to gross bit rate, which can be expressed in bits per second (bit/s). If there are precisely two symbols in the system (typically 0 and 1), then baud and bits per second are equivalent.
Theophilus Keene
Theophilus Keene (1680–1718) was an Anglo-Irish stage actor and theatre manager.

Keene was from a Presbyterian background. He originally began acting at the Smock Alley Theatre in Dublin. Having arrived in London from Ireland in 1704, he appeared as part of the company at the Drury Lane Theatre until 1714. Along with Christopher Bullock he took over the management of the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre in 1717, at the time one of two patent theatres in London. The co-managers worked together for one season after replacing the "broke" John Rich before Keene's death after a fall from a horse while riding in the county.

Following his death in 1718 a biography of him Memoirs of the Life of Mr. Theophilus Keene was produced by Richard Savage.

Smock Alley Theatre
Since the 17th century, there have been numerous theatres in Dublin with the name Smock Alley.

The current Smock Alley Theatre (Irish: Amharclann Scabhat Smock) is a 21st-century theatre in Dublin, converted from a 19th-century church building, incorporating structural material from an 18th-century theatre building, and built on the site of the 17th century Theatre Royal, Dublin. The present theatre was opened in 2012, after a €3.5 million investment.

The Smock Alley Theatre site comprises Smock Alley Theatre (177 seats), The Boys School (60 - 100 capacity), Black Box (80 capacity), and The Banquet Hall (150 capacity).
Dappula de Livera
Dappula de Livera PC is a Sri Lankan lawyer and the former Attorney General of Sri Lanka. He previously served as the Solicitor General of Sri Lanka from February 2018 and took over as acting attorney general from 29 April 2019 until his formal appointment in May 2019.

Solicitor General of Sri Lanka
The solicitor general of Sri Lanka is a post subordinate to the attorney general of Sri Lanka. The solicitor general of Sri Lanka assists the attorney general, and is assisted by four additional solicitors general. Note that the post was solicitor general of Ceylon until Sri Lanka became a republic in 1972.
Flerobuterol
Flerobuterol (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name; developmental code name CRL-40827) is a selective β-adrenergic receptor agonist related to salbutamol which was under development for the treatment of major depressive disorder but was never marketed. It is an agonist of the β1-, β2-, and β3-adrenergic receptors. The drug was under development in France by Cephalon and Lafon and reached phase 2 clinical trials prior to its development being discontinued. It was first described in the scientific literature by 1988 and its development was terminated in 2007.

Adrenergic receptor
The adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of many catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) produced by the body, but also many medications like beta blockers, beta-2 (β2) agonists and alpha-2 (α2) agonists, which are used to treat high blood pressure and asthma, for example.

Many cells have these receptors, and the binding of a catecholamine to the receptor will generally stimulate the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The SNS is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, which is triggered by experiences such as exercise or fear-causing situations. This response dilates pupils, increases heart rate, mobilizes energy, and diverts blood flow from non-essential organs to skeletal muscle. These effects together tend to increase physical performance momentarily.
Hoʻokupu
Hoʻokupu is a Hawaiian language term for gifts and offerings. The ceremony dates back hundreds of years, to a time when the average Hawaiian subsisted on manual labor, with little-to-no financial assets. Their gifts were literally the fruits of their personal labors to the Hawaiian aliʻi (rulers), or to visiting royalty.  Through time, the gifts became more monetary based and a part of the monarch's wealth. Although they were allowed to approach the monarch with the gifts, they were handed to a royal attendant so as not to touch the aliʻi. In 1869, the visiting Duke of Edinburgh Prince Alfred was accorded a hoʻokupu by Kamehameha V, and broke with protocol by reaching out to touch any gift-giver who wished to shake his hand.

The gift protocol is still done for Lono during the Makahiki festival and for celebrations related to Hawaiian kings.

Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Alfred (Alfred Ernest Albert; 6 August 1844 – 30 July 1900) was sovereign Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 22 August 1893 until his death in 1900. He was the second son and fourth child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. He was known as the Duke of Edinburgh from 1866 until he succeeded his paternal uncle Ernest II as the reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in the German Empire.
Bjørn Fongaard
Bjørn Fongaard (2 March 1919 in  Oslo – 26 October 1980 in Oslo) was a Norwegian composer, guitarist, and teacher. In addition to being concerned with microtonal and electronic music, he was perhaps the first to use the prepared guitar. "Fongaard's output is considerable...Due to the partly experimental notation, these works have not become widely known."

Prepared guitar
A prepared guitar is a guitar that has had its timbre altered by placing various objects on or between the instrument's strings, including other extended techniques. This practice is sometimes called tabletop guitar, because many prepared guitarists do not hold the instrument in the usual manner, but instead place the guitar on a table to manipulate it.

The idea of altering an instrument's timbre through the use of external objects has been applied to other instruments as well, most notably John Cage's prepared piano, which preceded the prepared guitar.