hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of the Crna Bend (1917)
The Battle of the Crna Bend was a significant military engagement fought between the forces of the Central Powers and the Entente in May 1917. It was part of the Allied Spring Offensive of the same year that was designed to break the stalemate on the Macedonian Front. Despite the considerable numerical and material advantage of the attackers over the defenders, the Bulgarian and German defence of the positions in the loop of the river Crna remained a formidable obstacle, which the Allies were unable to defeat not only in 1917 but until the end of the war.

Macedonian front
The Macedonian front, also known as the Salonica front (after Thessaloniki), was a military theatre of World War I formed as a result of an attempt by the Allied Powers to aid Serbia, in the autumn of 1915, against the combined attack of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria. The expedition came too late and with insufficient force to prevent the fall of Serbia and was complicated by the internal political crisis in Greece (the National Schism). Eventually, a stable front was established, running from the Albanian Adriatic coast to the Struma River, pitting a multinational Allied force against the Bulgarian army, which was at various times bolstered with smaller units from the other Central Powers. The Macedonian front remained stable, despite local actions, until the Allied offensive in September 1918 resulted in Bulgaria capitulating and the liberation of Serbia.
Guru Bangsa: Tjokroaminoto
Guru Bangsa: Tjokroaminoto (lit. 'Teacher of the Nation: Tjokroaminoto') is a 2015 biographical drama film directed by Garin Nugroho. The screenplay was written by Ari Syarif dan Erik Supit from a story by Syarif, Supit, Sabrang Mowo Damar Panuluh, Nugroho, and Kemal Pasha Hidayat. It portrays the life of Indonesian nationalist Tjokroaminoto. It stars Reza Rahadian as the titular role.

It was released in Indonesian theatres on 9 April 2015. It was nominated for eight Citra Awards including Best Picture, winning three.

Citra Award for Best Picture
The Citra Award for Best Picture (Indonesian: Film Cerita Panjang Terbaik) is an award given at the Indonesian Film Festival (FFI) to the best feature film of the year. The Citra Awards, described by Screen International as "Indonesia's equivalent to the Oscars", are the country's most prestigious film awards and are intended to recognize achievements in films as well as to draw public interest to the film industry.

The drama On Your Lap is the most recent winner at the 2025 ceremony.
Hoegaarden
Hoegaarden (Dutch: [ˈɦuɣaːrdə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant, in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium. The municipality comprises the villages of Hoegaarden proper, Meldert and Outgaarden. On January 1, 2006, Hoegaarden had a total population of 6,225. The total area is 33.93 square kilometres (13.10 square miles) which gives a population density of 183 inhabitants per km2.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.
In America (film)
In America is a 2002 drama film directed by Jim Sheridan. The semi-autobiographical screenplay was written by Jim Sheridan and his daughters, Naomi and Kirsten. A co-production between Ireland, United States and the United Kingdom, it focuses on an immigrant Irish family's struggle to start a new life in New York City, as seen through the eyes of the elder daughter.

At the 76th Academy Awards, it was nominated for Best Original Screenplay for the Sheridans, Best Actress for Samantha Morton and Best Supporting Actor for Djimon Hounsou. At the 9th Critics' Choice Awards, the film won Best Original Screenplay, in addition to the Stanley Kramer Award win at the 15th Producers Guild of America Awards. The film also was nominated for two Golden Globes.

Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material; writers with "written by", "screenplay" or "story" credits are all collectively recognized as recipients for each nomination.

The category was created in 1940, and has always existed concurrently with the Best Adapted Screenplay category (conversely for films based on pre-existing intellectual properties); originally, it also co-existed with a third writing category, Best Story, which had been active since the original Academy Awards ceremony in 1929; this latter award was meant to reward specifically writers who originated a film's plot and characters rather than those who wrote the dialogue and final screenplay, although Best Story would later be merged into Best Original Screenplay in 1956.
Veterans' Legion of Indonesia
The Veterans' Legion of Indonesia (Indonesian: Legiun Veteran Republik Indonesia), established on 1 January 1957, is the national ex-service organisation of Indonesia, serving men and women veterans and veterans' families who previously served in the Indonesian National Armed Forces. It is governed by the Veterans of the Republic of Indonesia Law passed by the People's Representative Council on 3 August 1967. It is a member of the World Veterans Federation.

The VLI is mandated to serve the veterans who in the period of struggle and the period of defense of the independence of Indonesia struggled to take up arms to defend the independence and freedom of the Republic against foreign and domestic enemies threatening the national ideology of Pancasila and the territorial integrity of the state.

The legal basis of the VLI is Proclamation 103 of 1 January 1957 and the Veterans of the Republic of Indonesia Law of 3 August 1967, which serves as the official charter of the Legion.

Pancasila (politics)
Pancasila (Indonesian: [pantʃaˈsila] ⓘ) is the official, foundational philosophical theory within socialism that became the ideology of Indonesia. The name is made from two words originally derived from Sanskrit: pañca 'five' and śīla 'principles; precepts'.

It is composed of five principles:

Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa (belief in the one and only God)

Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab (just and civilized humanity)

Persatuan Indonesia (the unity of Indonesia)

Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan/perwakilan (democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations among representatives)

Keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia (social justice for all the people of Indonesia)

The legal formulation of Pancasila is contained within the fourth paragraph of the preamble of the Constitution of Indonesia.
Acacia doreta
Acacia doreta, also known as Vollies’ minni ritchi,  is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to north-western Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with minni ritchi bark, glabrous branchlets, more or less terete phyllodes, spherical to oblong heads or spikes of light golden yellow flowers and narrowly oblong to linear pods.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Travedona-Monate
Travedona-Monate is a comune and small town near the eastern shore of the Lake Maggiore, in the province of Varese, northern Italy. The population is about 3,336 inhabitants. It extends to an area of 9 square kilometres (3.5 mi2), with a density of 371 inhabitants/km2. It shares boundaries with Biandronno, Brebbia, Bregano, Cadrezzate, Comabbio, Ispra, Malgesso, Osmate, Ternate, and the Lago di Monate lake.

Cadrezzate
Cadrezzate was a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Milan and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) west of Varese.

In 2019 it merged with the nearby Osmate forming the new municipality of Cadrezzate con Osmate.
Rallye International du Valais
The Rallye International du Valais is a yearly rally in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It was founded by Philippe Simonetta, a local wine dealer in 1960. Since 1980 it has been part of the European Rally Championship and in 2007 and 2008 it was an event of the Intercontinental Rally Challenge. In 2009, it became a top category (coeff. 20) event of the European Rally Championship and since then it has been the final event of the ERC season. The rally headquarters is in Martigny.

Martigny
Martigny (French pronunciation: [maʁtiɲi]; German: Martinach, pronounced [ˈmaʁtiːnaːx]; Latin: Octodurum) is the capital city of the district of Martigny, canton of Valais, Switzerland. It lies at an elevation of 471 meters (1,545 ft), and its population is approximately 20,000 inhabitants (Martignerains or "Octoduriens"). It is a junction of roads joining Italy, France and Switzerland. One road links it over the Great St. Bernard Pass to Aosta (Italy), and the other over the col de la Forclaz to Chamonix (France). In winter, Martigny is known for its numerous nearby Alp ski resorts such as Verbier.
Zuzana Hlavoňová
Zuzana Hlavoňová (née Kováčiková Czech pronunciation: [ˈzuzana ˈɦlavoɲovaː ˈkovaːtʃɪkovaː]), born 16 April 1973) is a Czech Republic former high jumper. Born in Šaľa, Czechoslovakia, she competed at three Olympic Games, and won silver medals at the 1999 World Indoor Championships and the 2000 European Indoor Championships. Her personal best jump is 2.00 metres, achieved in June 2000 in Prague.

2000 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 2000 European Athletics Indoor Championships were held from Friday, 25 February to Sunday, 27 February 2000 in Ghent, Belgium. This edition marked the return of relay races to European Indoor Championships, having been held for the last time in 1975.
Spatial relation
A spatial relation specifies how some object is located in space in relation to some reference object. When the reference object is much bigger than the object to locate, the latter is often represented by a point. The reference object is often represented by a bounding box.

In Anatomy it might be the case that a spatial relation is not fully applicable. Thus, the degree of applicability is defined which specifies from 0 till 100% how strongly a spatial relation holds. Often researchers concentrate on defining the applicability function for various spatial relations.

In spatial databases and geospatial topology the spatial relations are used for spatial analysis and constraint specifications.

In cognitive development for walk and for catch objects, or for understand objects-behaviour; in robotic Natural Features Navigation; and many other areas, spatial relations plays a central role.

Commonly used types of spatial relations are: topological, directional and distance relations.

Automated guided vehicle
An automated guided vehicle (AGV) is a portable robot that, unlike an autonomous mobile robot (AMR),  follows along marked long lines or wires on the floor, or uses radio waves, vision cameras, magnets, or lasers for navigation. They are most often used in industrial applications to transport heavy materials around a large industrial building, such as a factory or warehouse. The application of AGVs broadened during the late 20th century.
The Master of Man
The Master of Man: The Story of a Sin was a best-selling 1921 novel by Hall Caine. The fictional story is set on the Isle of Man and is concerned with Victor Stowell, the Deemster's son, who commits a romantic indiscretion and then gives up on all of his principles in order to keep it a secret. However, in the face of the mounting consequences, Victor confesses publicly to his crime and is punished, but redemption comes through a woman's love. The penultimate of Caine's novels, it is romantic and moralistic, returning to his regular themes of sin, justice and atonement, whilst also addressing "the woman question." It was adapted for a film entitled Name the Man in 1924 by Victor Sjöström.

Castle Rushen
Castle Rushen (Manx: Cashtal Rosien) is a medieval castle located in the Isle of Man's historic capital, Castletown, in the south of the Island. It towers over the Market Square to the south-east and the harbour to the north-east. The castle is amongst the best examples of medieval castles in Europe and is still in use as a museum and educational centre.
Patrick Robinson (wide receiver)
Patrick Lavel Robinson (born October 3, 1969) was an American football player who played college football at Tennessee State and in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cincinnati Bengals and Arizona Cardinals. He was selected by the Houston Oilers in the seventh round of the 1993 NFL draft with the 187th overall pick.

1993 NFL draft
The 1993 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 25–26, 1993, at the Marriot Marquis in New York City, New York. No teams chose to claim any players in the supplemental draft that year, but the New York Giants and Kansas City Chiefs forfeited their first and second round picks, respectively, due to selecting quarterback Dave Brown and defensive end Darren Mickell in the 1992 supplemental draft.

With the first overall pick of the draft, the New England Patriots selected quarterback Drew Bledsoe.
Ulúa River
The Ulúa River (Spanish: Río Ulúa, Spanish pronunciation: [ˈri.o wˈlu.a]) is a river in western Honduras. It rises in the central mountainous area of the country close to La Paz and runs 240 kilometres (150 mi) approximately due northwards to the east end of the Gulf of Honduras at 15°55′N 87°43′W﻿ / ﻿15.917°N 87.717°W﻿ / 15.917; -87.717. En route, it is joined by the Sulaco River, the Jicatuyo River, the Otoro River and the Chamelecón River. The Ulúa River valley is famed for its ornate calcite vessels that date from the Mayan times. One of them can be found in the British Museum's collection.

La Paz, Honduras
La Paz (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈpas]) is the capital city of the La Paz Department of Honduras. The town, founded in 1792, has a population of 32,450 (2023 est.).

La Paz is located 750m (2461 feet) above sea level on the Comayagua River near the Cordillera de Montecillos in an area that has mountainous terrain with thick jungle cover.
Avan Amaran
Avan Amaran (transl. He is immortal) is a 1958 Indian Tamil language political drama film produced and written by Nagercoil S. Nagarajan, and directed by S. Balachander. The film stars K. R. Ramasamy, P. Kannamba, Rajasulochana and T. S. Balaiah. It was released on 23 May 1958 and failed at the box office.

T. S. Balaiah
Thirunelveli Subramaniyan Balaiah (21 August 1912 – 22 July 1972) was an Indian actor. He is best known for playing supporting roles in Tamil films. Born in Sundankottai, near Sathankulam in Thoothukudi, Balaiah was introduced to the cine field by director Ellis R. Dungan in Sathi Leelavathi (1936), along with M. G. Ramachandran, N. S. Krishnan and M. K. Radha. He was one of the very few actors who excelled as a villain, as well as in character roles and comic roles.
Night of the Zombies
Night of the Zombies (alternate titles: Night of the Zombies II, Battalion of the Living Dead) is a 1981 American zombie horror war film directed by Joel M. Reed. The film was produced by Lorin E. Price. The film was distributed on VHS by InterGlobal Video Promotions Ltd.

Zombie film
A zombie film is a film genre. Zombies are fictional creatures usually portrayed as reanimated corpses or virally infected human beings. They are commonly portrayed as cannibalistic in nature. While zombie films generally fall into the horror genre, some cross over into other genres, such as action, comedy, science fiction, thriller, or romance. Distinct subgenres have evolved, such as the "zombie comedy" or the "zombie apocalypse". Zombies are distinct from ghosts, ghouls, mummies, Frankenstein's monsters or vampires, so this article does not include films devoted to these types of undead.
Oath of Bereg
The oath of Bereg (Hungarian: beregi eskü), also labelled as agreement at Bereg (Hungarian: beregi egyezmény), was a treaty signed between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Holy See in the forests of Bereg on 20 August 1233. In the document, King Andrew II of Hungary vowed that he would not employ Jews and Muslims to administer royal revenues, which caused a decade-long discord with the Holy See starting in the early 1220s, composing of diplomatic complaints and ecclesiastical censures. The document is also an important source for the history of salt trade in Hungary.

Censure (Catholic canon law)
A censure, in the canon law of the Catholic Church, is a medicinal and spiritual punishment imposed by the Church on a baptized, delinquent, and contumacious individual. This punishment deprives the person, either wholly or partially, of certain spiritual goods until they resolve their contumacy. These spiritual goods may include access to the sacraments, participation in specific liturgical activities, and involvement in ecclesiastical functions.

Censures in the Catholic Church have their roots in ancient ecclesiastical practices and have evolved over centuries. They originated from the early Church's efforts to maintain order and discipline among its members. Throughout history, censures have been used to uphold the Church's teachings and values, promote repentance, and encourage spiritual growth.
Dangerous Ground (soundtrack)
Music From the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack Dangerous Ground is the original soundtrack to Darrell Roodt's 1997 action thriller film Dangerous Ground. It was released on February 11, 1997 via Jive Records, and entirely composed of hip hop music songs.

The album peaked on the US Billboard charts at number 20 on the Billboard 200 and number 3 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, and spawned two singles: "The World Is Mine" by the film's star Ice Cube, and "Ghetto Smile" by B-Legit and Daryl Hall. "The World Is Mine" made it to number 55 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and number 39 on the Hot Rap Songs chart in the United States.

Along with singles, music videos were released for both singles to promote the soundtrack and film releases.

Darrell Roodt
Darrell James Roodt (born in Johannesburg, 28 April 1962) is a South African film director, screenwriter and producer. He is probably most well known for his 1992 film Sarafina! which starred actress Whoopi Goldberg. Roodt has worked with Patrick Swayze in Father Hood,  James Earl Jones in Cry, the Beloved Country  and Ice Cube in Dangerous Ground.
Christoph Dieckmann (writer)
Christoph Dieckmann (born 22 January 1956) is a German journalist, commentator and author. Before 1990 he grew up and, as a young man, built his career in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany): much of his most thoughtful writing continues to relate to those times, along with the tensions and frictions that still resonate from the division of Germany between 1949 and 1990.

Sangerhausen
Sangerhausen (German pronunciation: [zaŋɐˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ) is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, central Germany, capital of the district of Mansfeld-Südharz. It is situated southeast of the Harz, approx. 35 kilometres (22 miles) east of Nordhausen, and 50 km (31 mi) west of Halle (Saale). About 26,000 people live in Sangerhausen (2020).
Peperomia macrorhiza
Peperomia macrorhiza is a species of plant in the genus Peperomia. It is endemic to Peru.  It is a geophytic plant, storing water and reserves in an underground tuber. During dry periods parts above ground, such as leaves, will wither away but the plant will survive due to the tuber. When more rain falls the plant regrows its stalks and leaves on the surface.

Storage organ
A storage organ is a part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy 
(generally in the form of carbohydrates) or water. Storage organs often grow underground, where they are better protected from attack by herbivores. Plants that have an underground storage organ are called geophytes in the Raunkiær plant life-form classification system. Storage organs often, but not always, act as perennating organs which enable plants to survive adverse conditions (such as cold, excessive heat, lack of light or drought).
Doboatherina
Doboatherina is a genus of fish in the family Atherinidae .There are found in the tropical habitats of Indian and Pacific ocean. It contains 11 species:

Doboatherina aetholepis (Kimura, Iwatsuki & Yoshino, 2002) (spatular-scale silverside)

Doboatherina balabacensis (Seale, 1910) (Balabac Island silverside)

Doboatherina bleekeri (Günther, 1861)

Doboatherina duodecimalis (Valenciennes, 1835) (tropical silverside)

Doboatherina iwatsukii Sasaki, Kimura & Satapoomin, 2019

Doboatherina magnidentata Sasaki, Kimura, Satapoomin & Nguyen, 2019

Doboatherina palauensis Kimura, Takeda, Gotoh & Hanzawa, 2020

Doboatherina salangensis Sasaki, Kimura & Satapoomin, 2019

Doboatherina valenciennei (Bleeker, 1854) (Sumatran silverside)

Doboatherina woodwardi (Jordan & Starks 1901)

Doboatherina yoshinoi Sasaki & Kimura, 2019

Pieter Bleeker
Pieter Bleeker (10 July 1819 – 24 January 1878) was a Dutch medical doctor, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He was famous for the Atlas Ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Néêrlandaises, his monumental work on the fishes of East Asia published between 1862 and 1877.
Love Letters of a Star
Love Letters of a Star is a 1936 American mystery film directed by Milton Carruth and Lewis R. Foster and written by Milton Carruth, Lewis R. Foster, and James Mulhauser. The film stars Henry Hunter, Polly Rowles, C. Henry Gordon, Walter Coy, Hobart Cavanaugh, Mary Alice Rice, and Ralph Forbes. The film was released on November 8, 1936, by Universal Pictures.

Walter Coy
Walter Darwin Coy (January 31, 1909 – December 11, 1974) was an American stage, radio, film, and, principally, television actor, arguably most well known as the brother of John Wayne's character in The Searchers (1956).
Bob Kilby
Robert Stanley Kilby (23 September 1944 – 11 January 2009) was a motorcycle speedway rider from England, who rode for the Swindon Robins, Oxford Rebels and Exeter Falcons. He earned 37 international caps for the England national speedway team and 5 caps for the Great Britain team.

Great Britain national speedway team
The Great Britain national speedway team (formerly the England speedway team) is one of the major teams in international motorcycle speedway. The team is managed by former Great Britain riders Oliver Allen and Simon Stead, and captained by the Tai Woffinden.

The team raced as England from 1928 to 1961 and again from 1974 to 2000. They have raced as Great Britain from 1962 to 1973 and since 2001.