hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Joseph Fanning
John Joseph Fanning (27 April 1874 – 14 June 1931) was an Irish-Australian insurance manager, equestrian judge, horse trader, amateur jockey and civic leader. Well known in North Queensland’s pastoral and racing circles, he served 36 years with the National Mutual Life Association of Australasia (NMLA), rising from a clerk to Northern District Manager, and later a senior role in Brisbane. His equestrian career spanned ownership, judging, and trading across all horse classes - ponies, hacks, thoroughbreds, and draught horses - while his civic contributions shaped Townsville’s infrastructure and community life. Fanning’s legacy reflects the Irish diaspora’s resilience and his pivotal role in Queensland’s colonial development.

Hack (horse)
Hack within the activity of equestrianism commonly refers to one of two things: as a verb, it describes the act of pleasure riding for light exercise, and as a breed (Hackney/hack), it is a type of horse used for riding and pulling carriages. The term is sometimes used to describe certain types of exhibition or horse show classes where quality and good manners of the horse are particularly important.
Pont Saint-Martin
The Pont Saint-Martin is a Roman bridge in the Aosta Valley in Italy dating to the 1st century BC.

The span is 31.4 metres (103 ft) according to recent research, but frequently stated to be 35.64 m or 36.65 m.

Other extant Roman bridges in the Aosta valley include the Pont d'Aël in the Cogne Valley and the Pont de Pierre in Aosta.

Roman bridge
The ancient Romans were the first civilization to build large, permanent bridges. Early Roman bridges used techniques introduced by Etruscan immigrants, but the Romans improved those skills, developing and enhancing methods such as arches and keystones. There were three major types of Roman bridge: wooden, pontoon, and stone. Early Roman bridges were wooden, but by the 2nd century BC stone was being used. Stone bridges used the arch as their basic structure, and most used concrete, the first use of this material in bridge-building.
Rueglio
Rueglio is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Turin.

Rueglio borders the following municipalities: Castellamonte, Val di Chy, Valchiusa, Issiglio, Castelnuovo Nigra, and Vistrorio.

Castellamonte
Castellamonte is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Turin.

It is located in the Canavese, at the feet of a hill surmounted by a 14th-century castle, hence the name (meaning "Castle at the Mount"). Only traces remain of the latter's original structure, what is visible now dating to an 18th-century renovation. The town is also home to an unfinished rotunda designed by Alessandro Antonelli, the Baroque church of San Rocco; the Sacro Monte di Belmonte is not far, though in the communal territory of Valperga.

Architects Carlo and Amedeo di Castellamonte were born in the town.
Julia Bishop
Julia Bishop is an English Baroque violin specialist. She was a member of The English Concert for six years, and has toured the world with most of the UK's leading period instrument orchestras.  She has appeared as an orchestral leader and concerto soloist with the Gabrieli Consort, Brandenburg Consort, Florilegium early music ensemble and the Hanover Band. Bishop has taught baroque violin techniques at the Royal Academy of Music, London.

Bishop was a member of the Baroque group Red Priest. She was interviewed on the BBC Radio 4 program Woman's Hour in January 2006.

Baroque violin
A  Baroque violin is a violin set up in the manner of the baroque period of music. The term includes original instruments which have survived unmodified since the Baroque period, as well as later instruments adjusted to the baroque setup, and modern replicas. Baroque violins have become relatively common in recent decades thanks to historically informed performance, with violinists returning to older models of instrument to achieve an authentic sound.

The differences between a Baroque violin and a modern instrument include the size and nature of the neck, fingerboard, bridge, bass bar, and tailpiece. Baroque violins are almost always fitted with gut strings, as opposed to the more common metal and synthetic strings on a modern instrument, and played with a bow made on the baroque model rather than the modern Tourte bow. Baroque violins are not fitted with a chin rest and are played without a shoulder rest.
Rainbow in the Dark
"Rainbow in the Dark" is a song by heavy metal band Dio. Released from the band's double platinum-selling 1983 debut album, Holy Diver.  Assisted by a popular MTV music video, it reached #12 on US Billboard Album Rock Tracks in early October.

The distinctive keyboard motif was composed by Jimmy Bain on a Yamaha keyboard.

The song was covered by Corey Taylor, with support from Roy Mayorga, Satchel, Christian Martucci and Jason Christopher for the Ronnie James Dio – This Is Your Life album. It was also covered by Norwegian band Jorn on their 2016 album Heavy Rock Radio.

The song was also featured in the 2019 San Diego Comic-Con reveal of Marvel Studios' Thor: Love and Thunder, and is featured in end credits of the film itself. The song is also featured in the 2024 absurdist anthology film Kinds of Kindness.

Ronnie James Dio – This Is Your Life
Ronnie James Dio – This Is Your Life is a 2014 tribute album to Ronnie James Dio, lead singer of several heavy metal bands, including Elf, Rainbow, Black Sabbath, Heaven & Hell, and his own band Dio. The album features many of Dio's contemporaries performing songs originally recorded by Dio. Tenacious D won the Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance at the 57th Grammy Awards for their cover of "The Last in Line", and Anthrax were nominated in the same category for their cover of "Neon Knights".

Dio died in 2010 from stomach cancer. Album proceeds were targeted for Dio's Stand Up and Shout Cancer Fund.
History of the Jews in Brody
The Jewish community of Brody (a city in the Lviv region of western Ukraine) was one of the oldest and best-known Jewish communities from western Ukraine (and formerly of the Austrian Empire / Poland up to 1939) until it perished in the Holocaust in 1942–1943.

While today it is a non-significant town in Western Ukraine, only serving as the administrative center of the Brodovsky rayon, in the northeastern fringe of the Lviv oblast, Brody once stood out as a Jewish cultural and economic center in the area.

After Lviv, Brody was the second largest city in Eastern Galicia and had the largest proportion of Jewish residents (88%), in contrast to other areas in the region.

Even the remote tiny forest village of Stanislavchyk, 15 km northeast of the city and surrounded by hip plantations, presumes of a Jewish heritage as it had many Jews living there, most likely moving from Brody.

An old desolate Jewish graveyard in Stanislavchyk bears witness to its vivid Jewish past.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Abdul Hafiz (general)
Abdul Hafiz (born 6 November 1957) is a retired three star general of the Bangladesh Army and antecedent chief of the general Staff. He served as the Force Commander in UN peacekeeping mission in Western Sahara and Côte d'Ivoire. He is currently a Special Assistant to the Chief Adviser of the interim government led by Muhammad Yunus in matters related to defense and national integrity development.

Bangladesh Military Academy
Bangladesh Military Academy (BMA) is a military service academy for the training of officer cadets of the Bangladesh Army. It is located in Bhatiary, Sitakunda Upazila, in the Chittagong District of south-eastern Bangladesh.
Shackleton, Zimbabwe
Shackleton is a village in Mashonaland West province in Zimbabwe, near the Chinhoyi region.

It is known for the Shackleton Copper Mine, an underground copper mine which was established in 1960 and began production in 1971. The ore is described by Mindat as "sedimentary copper deposit, hosted in calcareous argillite and arkose".

In 2000, Shackleton was shut down, as copper mining declined. Along with Mhangura, Sutton, Vanad, and Kildonan, the mining towns became ghost towns, changing from thriving communities to impoverished small villages.

Arkose
Arkose (/ˈɑːrkoʊs, -koʊz/) or arkosic sandstone is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. Arkosic sand is sand that is similarly rich in feldspar, and thus the potential precursor of arkose.
2011–12 Highland League Cup
The 2011–12 Breedon Aggregates Highland League Cup was the 67th edition of the Highlands' premier knock-out football competition.  The winners were Buckie Thistle, who defeated Cove Rangers 2–0 in the final at Princess Royal Park in Banff.

Cove Rangers F.C.
Cove Rangers Football Club is a senior Scottish football club currently playing in Scottish League One. They are based in the Altens area of Aberdeen and play their football at Balmoral Stadium, having left their former home at Allan Park, Cove Bay in April 2015.
Culture of Uttar Pradesh
The culture of Uttar Pradesh has been shaped by its ancient Hindu roots, medieval and early modern Muslim empires, and its place in the struggle for independence from colonial rule. Modern Uttar Pradesh citizens are largely rural Hindu agriculturalists, with a large minority of Muslims concentrated in its cities.

Kushinagar
Kushinagar (Pali: Kusinārā; Sanskrit: Kuśinagara) is a town in the Kushinagar district in Uttar Pradesh, India, 53 kilometres (33 miles) east of Gorakhpur on National Highway 27, Kushinagar is a Buddhist pilgrimage site, where Buddhists believe Gautama Buddha died.
Marcus Simplicinius Genialis
Marcus Simplicinius Genialis was a Roman governor and military leader during the third century CE.

He was the governor of Raetia in 260 when he defected to the Gallic Empire and brought the province under the rule of Postumus. He erected the Augsburg Victory Altar in 260 to commemorate the victory over the Semnones.

Gallic Empire
Gallic Empire or Gallo-Roman Empire are names used in modern historiography for a breakaway Western European part of the Roman Empire that functioned de facto as a separate state from 260 to 274. It originated during the Crisis of the Third Century, when a series of Roman military leaders and aristocrats declared themselves emperors and took control of Gaul and adjacent provinces without attempting to conquer Italy or otherwise seize the central Roman administrative apparatus.

The Gallic Empire was established by Postumus in 260 in the wake of barbarian invasions and instability in Rome, and at its height it included the territories of Germania, Gaul, Britannia, and Hispania. After Postumus' assassination in 269 it lost much of its territory but continued under several emperors and usurpers. It was retaken by Roman Emperor Aurelian after the Battle of Châlons in 274.
Melanie Oates
Melanie Oates is a Canadian writer, filmmaker and costume designer, whose directorial debut feature film Body and Bones was released in 2019.

Based in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, she won the Percy Janes First Novel Award in 2010 for her manuscript Hanging from the Ceiling. She subsequently worked in film and television costuming, with wardrobe credits on Republic of Doyle, Mean Dreams and Little Dog, and costume design credits on Cast No Shadow and Closet Monster.

She directed a number of short films before releasing Body and Bones, which premiered at the 2019 Atlantic International Film Festival.

Her second feature film, Sweet Angel Baby, premiered at the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival, and was longlisted for the 2024 Jean-Marc Vallée DGC Discovery Award.

In 2025 she entered production on her third feature film, Stranger in Town, currently slated for release in 2026.

Republic of Doyle
Republic of Doyle is a Canadian comedy-drama television series set in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, which aired on CBC Television from January 6, 2010, to December 10, 2014.

The show stars Allan Hawco as private investigator and former police officer Jake Doyle and Seán McGinley as his father, retired police officer Malachy Doyle. They partner as private investigators with Rose Doyle, Malachy's second wife, played by Lynda Boyd, in St. John's. Krystin Pellerin stars as Constable/Sergeant Leslie Bennett, with Mark O'Brien as Desmond "Des" Courtney, who works with the Doyles, and Marthe Bernard as Katrina "Tinny" Doyle, Jake's niece and Malachy's granddaughter. Their cases involve them in all sorts of dealings – not all of them on the right side of the law.
Battle of Jenkins' Ferry
The Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, also known as the Engagement at Jenkins' Ferry,  was fought on April 30, 1864, in Hot Spring and Saline counties (present-day Grant County), Arkansas, during the American Civil War. Ending in a tactical Union victory, the Confederacy saw it as a strategic success as they prevented Frederick Steele from holding southwest Arkansas. Due to the chaotic nature of the battle, casualty figures vary.

Jenkins' Ferry was the decisive engagement of Steele's Camden Expedition (a part of the Red River Campaign) and E. Kirby Smith's last. As a result of the battle, Federal forces could complete a retreat from a precarious position at Camden to their defenses at Little Rock.

The battlefield has largely been preserved as a unit within the Arkansas State Park System.

Grant County, Arkansas
Grant County, officially the County of Grant, is a county in the U.S. state of Arkansas. Its population was 17,958 at the 2020 United States census. The county seat is Sheridan. Grant County is included in the Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway metropolitan area. It is an alcohol prohibition or dry county.
Elgon francolin
The Elgon francolin (Scleroptila elgonensis) is a francolin found in moorland at altitudes above 2,300 metres (7,500 ft) from eastern Uganda (Mount Elgon) to central Kenya.

It was described by Ogilvie-Grant in 1891 as Francolinus elgonensis, and some authorities still use the genus Francolinus for all members otherwise placed in Scleroptila. It was previously considered a subspecies of the moorland francolin (S. psilolaema), which is now thought to be endemic to Ethiopia. Alternatively, it was suggested as a subspecies of the Shelley's francolin (S. shelleyi elgonensis), or even a hybrid between the moorland and red-winged francolins. However, it was split as a distinct species by the IUCN Red List and BirdLife International in 2014, and by the International Ornithological Congress in 2022 based on a 2019 study. The Elgon francolin resembles the moorland francolin, but the latter is duller (less rufescent) and has a black-dotted throat, and also differs in vocalizations.

International Ornithologists' Union
The International Ornithologists' Union (IOU) is an international organization for the promotion of ornithology. It links basic and applied research and nurtures education and outreach activities. Specifically, the IOU organizes and funds global congresses on ornithology at regular intervals, sets up and supports commissions and committees on various aspects of avian biology and conservation, and initiates and backs other international ornithological activities with specific aims consistent with its own mission and goal. It discloses the names and professional affiliations of its members on its website to encourage international collaboration and networking. The IOU acts as the Ornithology Section of the IUBS.
Connie Binsfeld
Connie Berube Binsfeld (April 18, 1924 – January 12, 2014) was an American Republican politician from the U.S. State of Michigan. She served as the 60th lieutenant governor of Michigan. Starting as an advocate for the environment in planning for the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, she also was known for protecting interests of women and children. She was the first woman to hold leadership posts in Michigan's House, Senate and executive branch, where she served four terms in the House, two in the Senate, and two as Lieutenant Governor.

Glen Lake
Glen Lake is a lake located in Northern Michigan. Located in the southwestern Leelanau Peninsula, the lake is directly adjacent to Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, and is, at its closest, about 0.94 miles (1.51 km) from Lake Michigan. The lake consists of two large bodies of water connected by a narrow channel, which is traversed by a causeway carrying the famous highway M-22. The body of water on the west of this causeway, which is far shallower and more elongated, is known as Little Glen Lake, and the body of water east of the causeway, which is nearly perfectly round and deeper, is known as Big Glen Lake.

The total area of Glen Lake is 6,286 acres (25 km2), with a maximum depth 130 feet (40 m). The lake empties into Lake Michigan via the shallow Crystal River which winds through Glen Arbor.
Lashinda Demus
Lashinda Demus (born March 10, 1983, in Inglewood, California) is a retired American hurdler who specialized in the 400 meter hurdles, an event in which she was the 2011 world champion and 2012 Olympic gold medalist, becoming the first woman from the United States to win the Olympic 400 m hurdles title.

Demus' personal best time over 400 m hurdles is 52.47 seconds, set in Daegu, South Korea on September 1, 2011, making her as of December 2022 the seventh-fastest woman in history in the event. At the time it was the American record. She is a five-time national champion (400 m hurdles), and a four-time NCAA champion (400 m hurdles, 400 m indoors and 4 × 400 m relay out and indoors).

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Moo Deng
Moo Deng (Thai: หมูเด้ง, RTGS: Mu Deng, Thai pronunciation: [mǔː dêŋ]; born 10 July 2024) is a pygmy hippopotamus residing at Khao Kheow Open Zoo in Si Racha, Chonburi, Thailand. She gained widespread attention as an internet meme at two months old, after photos of her went viral online in September 2024.

Sibling
A sibling is a relative that shares at least one parent with the other person. A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister. A person with no siblings is an only child.

While some circumstances can cause siblings to be raised separately (such as foster care or adoption), most societies have siblings grow up together. This causes the development of strong emotional bonds, with siblinghood considered a unique type of relationship. The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.

Medically, a full-sibling is a first-degree relative and a half-sibling is a second-degree relative as they are related by 50% and 25%, respectively.
Antenna (song)
"Antenna" is a song by Ghanaian-English afrobeats recording artist Fuse ODG. The song premiered on BBC Radio 1Xtra on 12 August 2012, and first appeared on his debut EP The Buzz in September 2012. It was released as a single in the United Kingdom through 3 Beat Productions on 2 June 2013, and became his first chart entry, debuting and peaking at number 7 on the UK Singles Chart, as well as reaching number 9 in Scotland. The song received several award nominations and won Afro Pop Song of the Year at the 2013 Ghana Music Awards. A remix to "Antenna" featuring Haitian rapper Wyclef Jean was released alongside its music video in December 2012. On 22 April 2013, Fuse ODG released an additional remix to the song featuring Nigerian singer Wande Coal, Ghanaian rapper Sarkodie, and Ghanaian duo R2Bees.

Ghana Music Awards
The Ghana Music Awards, also known since 2024 by the sponsored name Telecel Ghana Music Awards (TGMAs), formerly Vodafone Ghana Music Awards (VGMAs), is an annual music awards event in Ghana established in 1999 by a local event organizer and planner company known as Charter House to originally and primarily celebrate the "outstanding contributions of Ghanaian musicians to the growth and expansion of its associated industry".

Usually held between April and June, the event is broadcast locally on GHOne TV, GTV and/or TV3 and outside Ghana on Akwaaba Magic on satellite TV platform DStv and terrestrial TV platform GOtv. Prior to the launch of the Akwaaba Magic channel in 2021, the event was broadcast outside Ghana on channels 155 and 198 on DStv and on channel 110 on GOtv.
Stands for Decibels
Stands for Decibels is the debut studio album by American power pop band the dB's, released January 15, 1981 by Albion Records. The album was commercially unsuccessful but critically acclaimed.

At the time of its release, the dB's consisted of singer/guitarists Chris Stamey and Peter Holsapple, bassist Gene Holder, and drummer Will Rigby. The songwriting was evenly divided between Stamey and Holsapple, although Stamey became known for writing the stranger, more avant-garde numbers ("She's Not Worried", "Espionage"), while Holsapple wrote the more accessible, poppier songs ("Black and White", "Bad Reputation"). Both Stamey and Holsapple played keyboards occasionally as well. Holder and Rigby did not receive any songwriting credits (other than a group credit for "Dynamite").

The album, which was recorded at Blue Rock Studio in SoHo, Manhattan, was dedicated to George Scott III. "Black and White" was released as the band's first single. I.R.S. Records reissued the album on CD in 1989.

George Scott III
George Scott III (October 16, 1953 - August 5, 1980) was a bass player for several New York City bands during the no wave era. He was a founding member of Jack Ruby, 8-Eyed Spy and the Raybeats, and he worked with James Chance and the Contortions, James White and the Blacks, Human Switchboard, and John Cale, among others.
Yun Range
The Yun Range (Chinese: 雲嶺; pinyin: Yún Lǐng; lit. 'Cloudy Peaks') are a mountain range running north–south in northwestern Yunnan province, China. They were formerly romanized as the Yun Ling and tautologically as the Yun-ling Mountains.  The Yun Range runs between the Lancang River (Mekong) to the west and Jinsha River (Yangtze) to the east.  The range is a major component of the greater Hengduan Mountains.

In historic times, the Yun Ling referred more broadly to all mountains south and west of the Sichuan Basin.  At times, the name was applied to the Min Mountains, Qionglai Mountains, Daxue Mountains and other ranges in the Hengduan Mountains.  In this context the province of Yunnan, meaning "south of cloud [mountains]", was named after the Yun Range.

The Yunling Mountains Nature Reserve in Lanping County in Nujiang Prefecture is part of the Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas and a habitat for the endangered black snub-nosed monkey.

Daxue Mountains
The Daxue Range or Daxue Mountains (Chinese: 大雪山山脉, 大雪山; pinyin: Dàxuě Shān; Wade–Giles: Ta4-hsüeh3 Shan1; lit. 'Great Snow Mountains') are a great mountain range in the western part of Sichuan province in Southwest China. It is part of the Hengduan Mountains, a complicated system of mountain ranges of western Sichuan, which itself is adjacent to the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau.