hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Columbia, South Carolina, in the American Civil War
Columbia, the capital city of South Carolina, was an important political and supply center for the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. Much of the town was destroyed during occupation by Union forces under Major General William T. Sherman during the Carolinas campaign in the last months of the war. Sherman was accused of having deliberately and needlessly burned the city, which he denied. Modern historians say that multiple causes were responsible.

Carolinas campaign
The Carolinas campaign (January 1 – April 26, 1865), also known as the Campaign of the Carolinas, was the final campaign conducted by the Union Army against the Confederate Army in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. On January 1 Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman advanced north from Savannah, Georgia, through the Carolinas, with the intention of linking up with Union forces in Virginia. The campaign culminated in the defeat of Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's army at the Battle of Bentonville, and its unconditional surrender to Union forces on April 26, 1865. Coming just two weeks after the defeat of Robert E. Lee's army at the Battle of Appomattox Court House, it signaled that the war was effectively over.
Citizens of the Universe
Citizens of the Universe, also referred to as 'COTU', is a guerrilla theatre specializing in 'found space' performances and is currently headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. There are branches of COTU also located in Orlando, Florida, Baltimore, Maryland, and Greenville, South Carolina.

COTU was founded in 2001 by James Cartee and Andrew Bryant in Greenville, South Carolina with core artist Dan A. R. Kelly, Jason Bryant and Traysie Amick added in 2002. COTU's work ranges from original works and foreign language pieces to classics with a recent focus on films that have been adapted for stage.

In 2004, the group's production of Arthur Miller's The Creation of the World and Other Business was banned from playing at Greenville Technical College.

In 2010, COTU adapted a business model where all showings became a suggested donation. This decision was made so that their work would be able to be available to anyone at any time.

The Lion in Winter
The Lion in Winter is a 1966 play by James Goldman, depicting the personal and political conflicts of Henry II of England, his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine, their children and their guests during Christmas 1183. It premiered on Broadway at the Ambassador Theatre on March 3, 1966, starring Robert Preston and Rosemary Harris, who won a Tony Award for her portrayal of Eleanor. It was adapted by Goldman into an Academy Award-winning 1968 film of the same name, starring Peter O'Toole and Katharine Hepburn. The play has been produced numerous times, including Broadway and West End revivals.
Ralph Houk
Ralph George Houk (/ˈhaʊk/; August 9, 1919 – July 21, 2010), nicknamed "the Major", was an American catcher, coach, manager, and front office executive in Major League Baseball. He is best known as the successor of Casey Stengel as manager of the New York Yankees from 1961 to 1963, when his teams won three consecutive American League pennants and the 1961 and 1962 World Series championships. In 1961 he became the second rookie manager to win 100 games in a season and third rookie manager to win a World Series. He was the first manager to win World Series titles in his first two seasons and the first manager since Hughie Jennings to win three pennants in his first three seasons.

Ball Four
Ball Four: My Life and Hard Times Throwing the Knuckleball in the Big Leagues is a book by Major League Baseball pitcher Jim Bouton, edited by Leonard Shecter and first published in 1970. The book is a diary of Bouton's 1969 season, spent with the Seattle Pilots and then the Houston Astros following a late-season trade. Bouton also recounts much of his earlier baseball career, spent mainly with the New York Yankees.

The book was controversial for divulging many unflattering facts about the sport and its players; baseball commissioner Bowie Kuhn attempted to discredit it and label it as detrimental to the sport. It is considered a landmark in American sports literature, and was the only sports-themed book included on the New York Public Library's 1996 list of Books of the Century, under the category "Popular Culture & Mass Entertainment". It was also included on Time's list of the 100 greatest non-fiction books published since the magazine's founding in 1923.
Xu Yunbei
Xu Yunbei (Chinese: 徐运北; July 1914 – 6 January 2018) was a Chinese politician who served as Minister of the Second Ministry of Light Industry from 1967 to 1970.

He was a representative of the 7th, 8th, and 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 3rd National People's Congress and a member of the Standing Committee of the 6th and 7th National People's Congress.

8th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
The 8th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in two sessions, the first 15–27 September 1956 and the second 5–23 May 1958 in Beijing. It was the first Congress of the Chinese Communist Party since the start of it taking full control of mainland China in 1949 and establishing the People's Republic of China. It was preceded by the relatively early 7th National Congress and was formally succeeded by the 9th National Congress. 1,026 delegates and 86 alternate delegates represented the party's 10.73 million members.

The Great Hall of the People was not yet constructed, so it was held in the National Political Consultative Hall.
Zhao Lin (politician)
Zhao Lin (Chinese: 赵林) (1906–2003) original name Luo Huimin (Chinese: 罗惠民), also known as Luo Xianglin (Chinese: 罗祥林), was a People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Ji'an, Jiangxi. He was the Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of Jilin. He was a member of the Central Advisory Commission and a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress. He was a member of the 61 Renegades.

Central Advisory Commission
The Central Advisory Commission (CAC) was a body of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that existed during the era of the paramount leadership of Deng Xiaoping. The body was supposed to provide "political assistance and consultation" to the CCP Central Committee; however, as the CAC was a select group of senior CCP leadership, it was often seen as having more authority unofficially than that body.
Jeff Thomas (photographer)
Jeff Thomas (born 1956) is an Onondaga Nation photographer, curator, and cultural theorist who works and lives in Ottawa, Ontario.

Thomas is known for his photographic work that addresses and interrogates the place of First Nations people in contemporary Canadian society. Often, his works explore the disjuncture between depictions he sees of Indigenous people as relics of the past (for instance, in museums), and contemporary Indigenous life as he views it.

His work includes the "Indians on Tour" series began in 2000, in which stereotypical "Indian" figurines are posed against natural or urban landscapes, otherwise against historical monuments and contemporary culture, as Thomas' photographs document First Nations people. In his "Vanishing Race" series, he depicts encounters with stereotypical depictions of Indigeneity.

He is the father of Ehren "Bear Witness" Thomas of the musical group The Halluci Nation (formerly known as A Tribe Called Red.)

Library and Archives Canada
Library and Archives Canada (LAC; French: Bibliothèque et Archives Canada) is the federal institution tasked with acquiring, preserving, and providing accessibility to the documentary heritage of Canada. The national archive and library is the 16th largest library in the world. The LAC reports to the Parliament of Canada through the Minister of Canadian Identity and Culture.

LAC traces its origins to the Dominion Archives, formed in 1872, and the National Library of Canada, formed in 1953. The former was later renamed as the Public Archives of Canada in 1912, and the National Archives of Canada in 1987. In 2004, the National Archives of Canada and the National Library of Canada were merged to form Library and Archives Canada.
Michelini
Michelini is an Italian surname, derived from the given name Michele. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Michelini (born 1941), Italian journalist and politician

Arturo Michelini (1909–1969), Italian politician

Danilo Michelini (1917–1983), Italian footballer

Famiano Michelini (1604–1665), Italian mathematician

Flavien Michelini (born 1986), French footballer

Gian Carlo Michelini (born 1935), Italian-Taiwanese Roman Catholic priest

Giovanni Battista Michelini (1604–1655), Italian painter

Giulia Michelini (born 1985), Italian actress

Ottavio Michelini (1906–1979), Italian Roman Catholic priest

Rafael Michelini (born 1958), Uruguayan politician

Stéphanie Michelini, French actress

Zelmar Michelini (1924–1976), Uruguayan reporter and politician

Arturo Michelini
Arturo Michelini (17 February 1909 – 15 June 1969) was an Italian politician and secretary of the Italian Social Movement (MSI). A minor party official during the days of Italian fascism and a war veteran, Michelini emerged as one of the two leading figures in the MSI during the 1950s and 1960s, representing the moderate tendency of the party against the nostalgic fascist tendency.
Club Atlético y Progreso
Club Social Deportivo y Cultural Atlético y Progreso (simply known as Atlético y Progreso) is an Argentine sports club, located in the city of Brandsen in the homonymous partido of Buenos Aires Province. The football team plays in the regional "Liga Chascomunense de Fútbol" ("Chascomús Football League") while the rugby union squad participates in Segunda División, the fourth division of the URBA league system. The club also has field hockey teams competing in Cuenca del Salado league.

Apart from the aforementioned sections, Atlético y Progreso also hosts the practise of other sports such as basketball, field hockey, jiu jitsu, artistic roller skating, and volleyball. By 2013 the club had about 1,300 active members.

The football team play their home matches at Estadio Clemente Jauregui Lorda, while the rugby and hockey fields are distant some blocks from the Jauregui Lorda, on Calle 25.

Chascomús
Chascomús is the principal city in Chascomús Partido in eastern Buenos Aires Province of Argentina, located 123 km (76 mi) south of the capital Buenos Aires. In 2001, the city had a population of 30,670.
Sahdev Prasad Yadav
Sahdeo Prasad Yadav was an Indian politician, an excise minister in the Government of Bihar and a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly of India. He represented the Kurtha constituency in Arwal district of Bihar. He had been a Mukhiya of Chitaukhar-Jalalpur Panchayat for almost 25 years. First he became an MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly) in 1980 while being in Lok Dal party. He was elected in 1995 as a member of Janata Dal. Yadav started his political career in 1957 as an Independent candidate from Tikari constituency but lost. Later this constituency named as Konch (Vidhan Sabha constituency), now again becomes Tikari constituency from 2010 onwards. He also fought from here as a candidate of Indian National Congress in 1967 but lost to U. N. Verma of Samyukta Socialist Party and in 1969 lost to Ram Balav Saran Singh.

Janata Dal
Janata Dal (lit. 'People's Party') was an Indian political party which was formed through the merger of Lok Dal, Jagjivan's Congress, and Jan Morcha on 11 October 1988—the birth anniversary of Jayaprakash Narayan under the leadership of V. P. Singh.
Gospel of the Nazarenes
The Gospel of the Nazarenes (also Nazareans, Nazaraeans, Nazoreans, or Nazoraeans) is the traditional but hypothetical name given by some scholars to distinguish some of the references to, or citations of, non-canonical Jewish–Christian gospels extant in patristic writings from other citations believed to derive from different Gospels.

Bible translations into Coptic
There have been many Coptic versions of the Bible, including some of the earliest translations into any language. Several different versions were made in the ancient world, with different editions of the Old and New Testament in five of the dialects of Coptic: Bohairic (northern), Fayyumic, Sahidic (southern), Akhmimic and Mesokemic (middle). Biblical books were translated from the Alexandrian Greek version.

The Sahidic was the leading dialect in the pre-Islamic period, after the 11th century Bohairic became dominant and the only used dialect of the Coptic language.

Partial copies of a number of Coptic Bibles survive. A considerable number of apocryphal texts also survive in Coptic, most notably the Gnostic Nag Hammadi library. Coptic remains the liturgical language of the Coptic Church and Coptic editions of the Bible are central to that faith.
KWOZ
KWOZ is a radio station airing a country music format licensed to Mountain View, Arkansas, broadcasting on 103.3 MHz FM.  The station serves the areas of Searcy, Mountain Home, Batesville, and Newport, and is owned by WRD Entertainment, Inc.

Batesville, Arkansas
Batesville is the largest city in and the county seat of Independence County, Arkansas, United States, 80 miles (128 km) northeast of Little Rock, the state capital. According to the 2020 Census, the population of the city was 11,191. The city serves as a regional manufacturing and distribution hub for the Ozark Mountain region and Northeast Arkansas.
Michael Hughes (priest)
Michael Hughes  was a Welsh Anglican priest in the 17th century.

Hughes was educated at Brasenose College, Oxford, England. He held livings at Usk in  Monmouth, 1633, sinecure rector of Llandyssil in Montgomeryshire, and vicar of Chirk, and Llandudno. He was appointed archdeacon of Merioneth in 1676, a post he held until his death in 1680.

Llandudno
Llandudno (/lænˈdɪdnoʊ/, Welsh: [ɬanˈdɨdnɔ] ⓘ) is a seaside resort, town and community in Conwy County Borough, Wales, located on the Creuddyn peninsula, which protrudes into the Irish Sea. In the 2021 UK census, the community – which includes Gogarth, Penrhyn Bay, Craigside, Glanwydden, Penrhynside, and Bryn Pydew – had a population of 19,700 (rounded to the nearest 100). The town's name means "Church of Saint Tudno".

Llandudno is a major seaside resort in Wales, and as early as 1861 was being called 'the Queen of the Welsh Watering Places' (a phrase later also used in connection with Tenby and Aberystwyth; the word 'resort' came a little later). Historically a part of Caernarfonshire, Llandudno was formerly in the district of Aberconwy within Gwynedd until 1996.
Dusky spiny tree-rat
The dusky spiny tree-rat (Makalata obscura) is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is endemic to Brazil.

The etymology of the species name corresponds to the Latin word obscurus meaning dark.

Echimyidae
Echimyidae is the family of Neotropical spiny rats and their fossil relatives. This is the most species-rich family of hystricognath rodents. It is probably also the most ecologically diverse, with members ranging from fully arboreal to terrestrial to fossorial to semiaquatic habits. They presently exist mainly in South America; three members of the family also range into Central America, and the hutias are found in the West Indies in the Caribbean. Species of the extinct subfamily Heteropsomyinae formerly lived on Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico in the Antilles.
Nathaniel Coga
Nathaniel Coga, D.D. (b Veryan 1637 – d Cambridge 1693) was a 17th-century English academic:Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge  from 1677 until his death.

Coga entered Pembroke College, Cambridge in 1653. He graduated B.A. in 1657 and M.A. in 1660. He became a Fellow of Pembroke in 1671; and was appointed Junior Proctor later that year.  Coga held livings at Barton, Swaffham, Feltwell and Framlingham   He was also Chaplain to Matthew Wren.  He became Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge in 1680, holding the office (as was customary at that time) for a year.

Veryan
Veryan (Cornish: Elerghi) is a coastal civil parish and village on the Roseland Peninsula in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village has been described as one of Cornwall's loveliest inland villages and as ′a mild tropic garden′ by John Betjeman. It is probably best known for the round-houses, built by the vicar Jeremiah Trist in the early 19th century.
Kenshiro
Kenshiro (Japanese: ケンシロウ, Hepburn: Kenshirō) is a fictional character and the protagonist of the Fist of the North Star manga series created by Buronson and Tetsuo Hara. In the story, Kenshiro is the rightful successor to an ancient art of assassination called Hokuto Shinken, which allows him to defeat his adversaries through the hidden meridian points.

Kenshiro's appearance and characteristics were primarily based on martial artist and actor Bruce Lee and action film star Yūsaku Matsuda, while his outfit was loosely based on Mel Gibson's costume from Mad Max 2: The Road Warrior. Through the course of the original manga, Kenshiro fights against various ruffians who threaten the lives of the post-apocalyptic survivors, as well as numerous rival martial artists, including his three honorary brothers trained in the art of Hokuto Shinken.

Big Dipper
The Big Dipper (Canada, US) or the Plough (UK, Ireland) is an asterism consisting of seven bright stars of the constellation Ursa Major; six of them are of second magnitude and one, Megrez (δ), of third magnitude. Four define a "bowl" or "body" and three define a "handle" or "head". It is recognized as a distinct grouping in many cultures.  The North Star (Polaris), the current northern pole star and the tip of the handle of the Little Dipper (Little Bear), can be located by extending an imaginary line through the front two stars of the asterism, Merak (β) and Dubhe (α). This makes it useful in celestial navigation.
Danalpur
Danalpur is a village in Shri Mahaveer Ji Block of Rajasthan, India. It is located near Shri Mahavirji, which is a famous Jain religious place and is well connected to Jaipur ( the capital of Rajasthan) through State Highway. The population mainly consists of Meenas.
The people here are well educated and hold high government positions. 
Distances from various cities:

Hindaun City: 17.5  km

Jaipur: 140  km

Shri Mahavirji: 2  km

Karauli: 30  km

Karauli
Karauli (also formerly spelled Karoli or Karaulee) is a city located in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The city was formerly named Kalyanpuri. It is located in the Braj region and holds religious importance in Hinduism. The city is the administrative center of Karauli District and was formerly the capital of the erstwhile princely state of Karauli. Karauli District comes under Bharatpur Divisional Commissionerate.
Log-structured File System (BSD)
The Log-Structured File System (or LFS) is an implementation of a log-structured file system (a concept originally proposed and implemented by John Ousterhout), originally developed for BSD.  It was removed from FreeBSD and OpenBSD; the NetBSD implementation was nonfunctional until work leading up to the 4.0 release made it viable again as a production file system.

John Ousterhout
John Kenneth Ousterhout (/ˈoʊstərhaʊt/, born October 15, 1954) is an American computer scientist. He is a professor of computer science at Stanford University. He founded Electric Cloud with John Graham-Cumming.

Ousterhout was previously a professor of computer science at University of California, Berkeley, where he created the Tcl scripting language and the Tk platform-independent widget toolkit, and proposed the idea of coscheduling. Ousterhout led the research group that designed the experimental Sprite operating system and the first log-structured file system.
Ousterhout also led the team that developed the Magic VLSI computer-aided design (CAD) program.
Adolfo J. de Bold
Adolfo José de Bold OC FRSC (February 14, 1942 – October 22, 2021) was an Argentine-born Canadian cardiovascular researcher, best known for his discovery of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a polypeptide hormone secreted by heart muscle cells. The hormone plays a role in regulating blood pressure, blood volume, and cardiovascular growth, and its discovery proved the endocrine function of the heart.

De Bold was an officer of the Order of Canada and was an inductee into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame.

Royal Society of Canada
The Royal Society of Canada (RSC; French: Société royale du Canada, SRC), also known as the Academies of Arts, Humanities, and Sciences of Canada (French: Académies des arts, des lettres et des sciences du Canada), is the senior national, bilingual council of distinguished Canadian scholars, humanists, scientists, and artists in Canada.

As Canada's national academy, the RSC exists to promote Canadian research and scholarly accomplishment in both of Canada's official languages; advise governments, non-governmental organizations, and Canadians generally on matters of public interest; recognize academic and artistic excellence; and mentor young scholars and artists.
2007–08 Libyan Second Division
The 2007–08 Libyan Second Division football championship took place between November 2007 and July 2008. The first round of matches were played between November 3 and November 5, 2007. The final round of games were played in July 2008.

Al-Yarmouk (Libya)
Al-Yarmouk is a Libyan football club based in Janzour, near Tripoli. The club was runner-up of the 1997 Libyan Cup.

The team previously played in the Libyan Premier League and played in the Libyan Second Division during the 2008–09 season.
Ferdinand de Rothschild
Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild (17 December 1839 – 17 December 1898), also known as Ferdinand James Anselm Freiherr von Rothschild, was a British banker, art collector and politician who was a member of the Rothschild family of bankers. He identified as a Liberal, later Liberal Unionist, and sat as a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons from 1885 to 1898. Ferdinand had a younger sister, Alice, who like her brother was a keen horticulturalist and collector. She inherited Ferdinand's property, Waddesdon Manor, in 1898 after he died and likewise continued the tradition of using the house as a place to keep his collections.

Liberal Unionist Party
The Liberal Unionist Party was a British political party that was formed in 1886 by a faction that broke away from the Liberal Party. Led by Lord Hartington (later the Duke of Devonshire) and Joseph Chamberlain, the party established a political alliance with the Conservative Party in opposition to Irish Home Rule. The two parties formed the ten-year-long coalition Unionist Government 1895–1905 but kept separate political funds and their own party organisations until a complete merger between the  Liberal  Unionist  and the  Conservative parties was agreed to  in May 1912.
Guilbert
Guilbert is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aimé-Victor-François Guilbert (1812–1889), French cardinal

Ann Morgan Guilbert, American actress

Frédéric Guilbert (born 1994), French soccer player

Nelly Guilbert (born 1979), French soccer player

René Charles Guilbert de Pixérécourt (1773–1844), French theatre director and playwright

Walter D. Guilbert (1844–1911), American politician

Yvette Guilbert, French singer and actress

René-Charles Guilbert de Pixérécourt
René-Charles Guilbert de Pixerécourt (22 January 1773 – 27 July 1844) was a French theatre director and playwright, active at the Théâtre de la Gaîté and best known for his modern melodramas such as The Dog of Montarges, the performance of which at Weimar roused the indignation of Goethe.