hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Presumption of legitimacy
In common law, the "presumption of legitimacy" is a legal presumption that states that a child born within the subsistence of a marriage is presumed to be the child of the husband.

Paternity is considered an important issue in determining the rules of succession. Illegitimate children were originally excluded from royal succession, noble status, hereditary titles and property.

English and Welsh bastardy laws
In the law of England and Wales, a bastard (also historically called whoreson, although both of these terms have largely dropped from common usage)  is an illegitimate child, one whose parents were not married at the time of their birth. Until 1926, there was no possibility of post factum legitimisation of a bastard.
Shane Blewitt
Major Sir Shane Gabriel Basil Blewitt GCVO (25 March 1935 – 15 May 2022) was a British courtier and military officer. He served in the Irish Guards from 1956 to 1974 in the British Army of the Rhine, West Germany, Northern Ireland, Aden, and Hong Kong, attaining the rank of Major.

Irish Guards
The Irish Guards (IG) is one of the Foot Guards regiments of the British Army and is part of the Guards Division. Together with the Royal Irish Regiment, it is one of the two Irish infantry regiments in the British Army. The regiment has participated in campaigns in the First World War, the Second World War, the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan as well as numerous other operations throughout its history. The Irish Guards claim six Victoria Cross recipients, four from the First World War and two from the Second World War.
Active Seismic Experiment
Active Seismic Experiment (ASE) was carried on Apollo 14 and Apollo 16 as part of the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP). ASE used a thumper device and a mortar with explosive charges to explore subsurface lunar structure and elastic properties. The experiment's principal investigator was Robert Kovach of Stanford University. The experiment was succeeded on Apollo 17 by the Lunar Seismic Profiling experiment.

Elastic properties of the elements (data page)
Elastic properties describe the reversible deformation (elastic response) of a material to an applied stress. They are a subset of the material properties that provide a quantitative description of the characteristics of a material, like its strength.

Material properties are most often characterized by a set of numerical parameters called moduli. The elastic properties can be well-characterized by the Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, Bulk modulus, and Shear modulus or they may be described by the Lamé parameters.
Fillmore West 1969: February 28th
Fillmore West 1969: February 28th is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  As the name suggests, it was recorded on February 28, 1969, at the Fillmore West in San Francisco.  It was produced as a five-disc vinyl LP. It was released on July 9, 2019, as part of Rhino Entertainment's celebration of the 50th anniversary of Woodstock.

The entire concert was previously released as part of the box set Fillmore West 1969: The Complete Recordings.

Bill Kreutzmann
William Kreutzmann Jr. (/ˈkrɔɪtsmɑːn/ KROYTS-mahn; born May 7, 1946) is an American drummer and founding member of the rock band Grateful Dead. He played with the band for its entire thirty-year career, usually alongside fellow drummer Mickey Hart, and has continued to perform with former members of the Grateful Dead in various lineups, and with his own bands BK3, 7 Walkers and Billy & the Kids.
Hogles Creek
Hogles Creek is a stream in Benton, Hickory and St. Clair counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of the Osage River within Truman Lake.

The stream headwaters arise in Hickory County southwest of Wheatland and it flows west and northwest passing under US Route 54 and Missouri Route 83 and north passing west of Quincy. It enters the southwest corner of Benton County and crosses into St. Clair County and back into Benton. It turns east and enters the waters of Truman Lake near the community of Wisdom.

Source: 37°55′40″N 93°24′41″W﻿ / ﻿37.92778°N 93.41139°W﻿ / 37.92778; -93.41139;
Confluence: 38°10′44″N 93°24′46″W﻿ / ﻿38.17889°N 93.41278°W﻿ / 38.17889; -93.41278

Hogles Creek was named after John F. Hogle, a pioneer trader.

Quincy, Missouri
Quincy is a small unincorporated community in northwestern Hickory County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Route 83, north of U.S. Route 54. A post office and a few homes are located there and was a Relay Station on the Butterfield Overland Mail Route. Map created from US Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Original Surveys 1835 & 1845

Quincy was platted in 1848. The community most likely was named after U.S. President John Quincy Adams. A post office called Quincy has been in operation since 1850.

The Quincy post office originally provided service in central Montgomery Township, while a post office at Bledsoe provided for southernmost Montgomery Township.

Quincy Public Hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.
'—All You Zombies—'
" '—All You Zombies—' " is a science fiction short story by American writer Robert A. Heinlein.  It was written in one day, July 11, 1958, and first published in the March 1959 issue of The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction after being rejected by Playboy.

The story involves a number of paradoxes caused by time travel. In 1980, it was nominated for the Balrog Award for short fiction.

"'—All You Zombies—'" further develops themes explored by the author in a previous work:  "By His Bootstraps", published some 18 years earlier.  Some of the same elements also appear later in The Cat Who Walks Through Walls (1985), including the Circle of Ouroboros and the Temporal Corps.

The unusual title of the story, which includes both the quotation marks and dashes shown above, is a quotation from a sentence near the end of the story; the quotation is taken from the middle of the sentence, hence the dashes indicating elided text before and after the title.

The Cat Who Walks Through Walls
The Cat Who Walks Through Walls is a science fiction novel by American writer Robert A. Heinlein, published in 1985. Like many of his later novels, it features Lazarus Long and Jubal Harshaw as supporting characters.
Battle of Mosynopolis
The Battle of Mosynopolis (Bulgarian: Битка при Месинопол) took place on 4 September 1207 at Mosynopolis, close to the modern town of Komotini, Greece, where Bulgarians defeated Latin Empire's forces.

In early 1207, the Bulgarian Tsar Kaloyan allied with Laskaris of Nicaea to attack the Latin Empire, forcing Emperor Henry to relinquish territory in Asia Minor. In response, Henry arranged a meeting with Boniface of Montferrat, who was King of Thessalonica, for a joint campaign against Kaloyan at Kypsella, Thrace, which Boniface agreed. On Boniface's return to Thessaloniki, he was ambushed near Mosynopolis by Bulgarian forces and was killed. Seizing the opportunity created by Boniface's death, Kaloyan besieged Thessalonica, but his sudden death abruptly ended the siege and created a power vacuum in Bulgaria that allowed Henry to consolidate the Latin Empire's territories.

Lascaris
Lascaris or Laskaris (Greek: Λάσκαρης) is a Greek surname. It is the surname of:

Byzantine royal family dynasty House of Laskaris:
Theodore I Laskaris (c. 1175–1221) Emperor of Byzantine Empire
Theodore II Laskaris (c. 1222–1258) Emperor of Byzantine Empire
John IV Laskaris (1250–c. 1305) Emperor of Byzantine Empire
Michael Laskaris  Byzantine aristocrat and military commander

Janus Lascaris (c. 1445–1535) Greek scholar in the Renaissance.

Constantine Lascaris (1434–1501) Greek scholar in the Renaissance.

Zoe Laskari (1942–2017) Greek actress.
Trend (surname)
Trend can be a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Burke Trend (1914–1987), British civil servant and rector

Jess Trend (born 1991), female Australian rules footballer

Jim Trend (1878–1954), Australian rules footballer

John Brande Trend (1887–1958), British Hispanist and professor of Spanish

Michael Trend (born 1952), British journalist and politician

Peter Trend (born 1974), English cricketer

Peter Trend
Peter Charles Trend (born 24 August 1974) is a former English cricketer.  Trend was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born in Wolverhampton, Staffordshire.

Trend made his debut for Lincolnshire in the 1997 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Hertfordshire.  Trend played Minor counties cricket for Lincolnshire from 1997 to 2000, which included 32 Minor Counties Championship matches and 16 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against Derbyshire in the 1997 NatWest Trophy.  He played 4 further List A matches for Lincolnshire, the last coming against Lancashire in the 2000 NatWest Trophy. In his 5 matches, he scored 94 runs at an average of 18.00, while behind the stumps he took 5 catches and made a single stumping. He scored his only half century when he made 53 against the Netherlands in the 2000 NatWest Trophy.
Kanthararom railway station
Kanthararom railway station is a railway station located in Dun Subdistrict, Kanthararom District, Sisaket Province. It is a class 2 railway station located 542.18 km (336.9 mi) from Bangkok railway station and is the main station for Kanthararom District.

Sisaket province
Sisaket province (Thai: ศรีสะเกษ, RTGS: Si Sa Ket, pronounced [sǐː sàʔ kèːt]; Northern Khmer: ซีซะเกด) is one of Thailand's seventy-six  provinces (changwat). It lies in lower northeastern Thailand, a region called Isan. Neighboring provinces are (from west clockwise): Surin, Roi Et, Yasothon, and Ubon Ratchathani. To the south it borders Oddar Meancheay and Preah Vihear of Cambodia.
Modular data center
A modular data center system is a portable method of deploying data center capacity. A modular data center can be placed anywhere data capacity is needed.

Modular data center systems consist of purpose-engineered modules and components to offer scalable data center capacity with multiple power and cooling options. Modules can be shipped to be added, integrated or retrofitted into an existing data center or combined into a system of modules. Modular data centers typically consist of standardized components.

Modular data centers are often marketed as converged infrastructure, promoting economies of scale and efficient energy usage, including considerations regarding the external environment. A module can be treated as a single unit for U.S. Federal Communications Commission compliance certification rather than all discrete systems.
Patents have been taken out on variations.

Converged infrastructure
Converged infrastructure is a way of structuring an information technology (IT) system which groups multiple components into a single optimized computing package. Components of a converged infrastructure may include servers, data storage devices, networking equipment and software for IT infrastructure management, automation and orchestration.

IT organizations use converged infrastructure to centralize the management of IT resources, to consolidate systems, to increase resource-utilization rates, and to lower costs. Converged infrastructures foster these objectives by implementing pools of computers, storage and networking resources that can be shared by multiple applications and managed in a collective manner using policy-driven processes.

IT vendors and IT industry analysts use various terms to describe the concept of a converged infrastructure. These include "converged system", "unified computing", "fabric-based computing", and "dynamic infrastructure".
Arqueros
Arqueros is a mining district in the Chilean Norte Chico region. It is located 7 km northwest of the Talcuna copper district. The discovery of silver at Arqueros in the 1830s led the Norte Chico mountains north of La Serena to be exhaustively prospected sparkling the Chilean silver rush in the 1830s and 1840s.

Norte Chico, Chile
The Norte Chico (lit. Small North) region is one of five natural regions of continental Chile, as defined by the government agency CORFO in 1950. Its northern border is formed by the limit with the Far North, to the west lies the Pacific Ocean, to the east the Andes mountains and Argentina, and to the south the Zona Central natural region. Although from a strictly geographic point of view, this natural region corresponds to the Chilean territory between the rivers Copiapó and Aconcagua. Traditionally, the Norte Chico refers to the zone comprising the regions of Atacama and Coquimbo. This region was home to the Diaguita people.
J. Bernardt
J. Bernardt is a side project of Belgian musician Jinte Deprez, which he launched in 2016 when his band Balthazar took a break. His debut album Running Days was released in 2017, and includes contributions from Adriaan Van De Velde on synths and drummer Klaas De Somer (Tourist LeMC). The album is a blend of different styles, including R&B, soul, hip hop, and electronica.

Tourist LeMC
Tourist LeMC (born 1984, in Schoten) is the artist name of Flemish singer Johannes Faes. He sings in an adaptation of the local Antverpian dialect, altered with non-local sounds and emphases; his music is mainly influenced by French hip-hop, as well as reggae, cabaret, and folk.
GE 80-ton switcher
The GE 80-ton switcher is a diesel-electric locomotive model built by GE Transportation Systems. It is classified as a B-B type locomotive. It was designed for industrial and light switching duties around railheads and ports.

GE Transportation
GE Transportation is a division of Wabtec. It was known as GE Rail and owned by General Electric until merged into Wabtec on February 25, 2019. The organization manufactures equipment for the railroad, marine, mining, drilling and energy generation industries. The company was founded in 1907. It is headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, while its main manufacturing facility is located in Erie, Pennsylvania. Locomotives are assembled at the Erie plant, while engine manufacturing takes place in Grove City, Pennsylvania. In May 2011, the company announced plans to build a second locomotive factory in Fort Worth, Texas, which opened in January 2013.
Football at the 2022 Asian Games
Football at the 2022 Asian Games in Hangzhou was held from 19 September to 7 October 2023.

The draw for the tournament was held on 27 July 2023 in Hangzhou, China. A total 21 men's and 16 women's teams took part in this year's Asian Games football competition.

2022 Asian Games
The 2022 Asian Games (2022年亚洲运动会), officially the 19th Asian Games (第十九届亚洲运动会) and also known as Hangzhou 2022 (杭州2022), were a continental multi-sport event which was held from 23 September to 8 October 2023 in Hangzhou, China. The games marked the 110th anniversary since the creation of the first continental event, starting with the 1913 Far Eastern Championship Games.

Originally scheduled to take place from 10 to 25 September 2022, on 6 May 2022 the Games were postponed to 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The new dates were announced on 19 July 2022, with the Games remaining branded as Hangzhou 2022. Hangzhou was the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games, after Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.
Skendleby
Skendleby is a small village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated near to the A158 and lies 35 miles (56 km) east from the county town Lincoln, and about 4 miles (6 km) north-east from the town of Spilsby. The village stands near the south-eastern edge of the Lincolnshire Wolds.

Lincolnshire Wolds
The Lincolnshire Wolds are a range of low hills in Lincolnshire, England. The hills run roughly parallel with the North Sea coast, from the Humber Estuary just west of the town of Barton-upon-Humber in North Lincolnshire, towards the flat Lincolnshire Fens in the south-east of the county as far south as the East Lindsey village of East Keal. The Wolds form the highest land in eastern England between Yorkshire and Kent.

Natural England define a Lincolnshire Wolds National Character Area covering an area of 844 square kilometres (326 sq mi). Within this, an area of 560 square kilometres (220 sq mi) is designated as the Lincolnshire Wolds National Landscape, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).
Polyvalent DNA gold nanoparticles
Polyvalent DNA gold nanoparticles, now more commonly referred to as spherical nucleic acids, (Fig. 1) are colloidal gold particles densely modified with short (typically ~30-mer or less), highly oriented, synthetic DNA strands. They were invented by Chad Mirkin et al. at Northwestern University in 1996. Paul Alivisatos et al. at the University of California, Berkeley introduced a related monovalent structure the same year. Due to the strong interaction between gold and thiols (-SH), the first polyvalent DNA gold nanoparticles were obtained by capping the gold nanoparticles with a dense monolayer of thiol-modified DNA. The dense packing and negative charge of the phosphate backbones of DNA orients it into solution (like a “koosh ball”) with a footprint that is dependent on factors including the particle size and radius of curvature.

Monolayer
A monolayer is a single, closely packed layer of entities, commonly atoms or molecules. 
Monolayers can also be made out of cells. Self-assembled monolayers form spontaneously on surfaces. Monolayers of layered crystals like graphene and molybdenum disulfide are generally called 2D materials.
Church of St Nicholas, Mavesyn Ridware
The Church of St Nicholas is a Grade I listed parish church in the village of Mavesyn Ridware, Staffordshire, England. The church is situated at the eastern end of the village approximately 370 m (1,210 ft) north of the River Trent and just to the north of the Gatehouse of the former ancient Manor House. Although medieval in origin the church was partly demolished in 1782 leaving only the north aisle and west tower remaining from the older structure. The church is one of only 12 Grade I listed buildings in Lichfield District. It is listed as such as it is a complete example of a late 18th-century church rebuilding including a very rare late 18th-century and early 19th-century conversion of a medieval aisle to the former church into a family chapel with neo-medieval fittings and monuments.

River Trent
The Trent, the third-longest river in the United Kingdom, has its source in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. It flows through and drains the North Midlands into the Humber Estuary. The river is known for dramatic flooding after storms and spring snowmelt, which in the past have often caused the river to change course.

The river passes through Stoke-on-Trent, Stone, Staffordshire, Rugeley, Burton-upon-Trent, Nottingham, Newark-on-Trent and Gainsborough before joining the Yorkshire Ouse at Trent Falls to form the Humber Estuary, which empties into the North Sea between Kingston upon Hull in Yorkshire and Immingham in Lincolnshire. The wide Humber estuary has often been characterised as the boundary between the Midlands and Northern England ("The North").
Tugyl
Tugyl (Kazakh: Тұғыл, Tūğyl) is a village in the Tarbagatay District of the East Kazakhstan Region. The administrative center of the Tugyl rural district. It is located approximately 105 km east of the regional center, the village of Aksuat. Before 1992, the village was called Priozyornoe.

The largest enterprise in Kazakhstan for fishing and production of fish products Jaisanbalyq is located in the village.

Tarbagatay District
Tarbagatay (Kazakh: Тарбағатай ауданы, Tarbağatai audany) is a district of East Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the village of Akzhar. The population is: 44,147 (2013 estimate); 47,125 (2009 census results); 65,589 (1999 census results).
Texas's 4th Senate district
District 4 of the Texas Senate is a senatorial district that serves all of Chambers county, and portions of Galveston, Harris, Jefferson, and Montgomery counties in the southeastern portion of the state of Texas. The seat is currently vacant upon Brandon Creighton's resignation after being named Chancellor of the Texas Tech University System.

Chancellor
Chancellor (Latin: cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many countries. The original chancellors were the cancellarii of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the cancelli (lattice work screens) of a basilica (court hall), which separated the judge and counsel from the audience. A chancellor's office is called a chancellery or chancery. The word is now used in the titles of many various officers in various settings (government, education, religion). Nowadays, the term is most often used to describe:

The head of the government

A person in charge of foreign affairs

A person with duties related to justice

A person in charge of financial and economic issues

The head of a university
The Daily Life of the Immortal King
The Daily Life of the Immortal King (Chinese: 仙王的日常生活, pinyin: Xiān Wáng de Rìcháng Shēnghuó) is a donghua based on the manhua, which itself is based on the Chinese novel by Kuxuan with the same name. This novel is published by Qidian in Chinese and Webnovel in English. It began publishing in 2017. As of 8 May 2025, the novel has 2254 chapters, 2202 chapters of which have been translated into English.

A donghua web series adaptation premiered on its video sharing service Bilibili on 18 January 2020, with its most recent season premiering on 14 December 2025.

Online video platform
An online video platform (OVP) enables users to upload, convert, store, and play back video content on the Internet, often via a private server structured, large-scale system that may generate revenue. Users will generally upload video content via the hosting service's website, mobile or desktop application, or other interfaces (API), and typically provide embedded codes or links that allow others to view the video content.
Nagla Bairu
Nagla Bairu is a small village of Tehsil Patiyali in Kanshiram Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh in the northern part of India. It is situated near the Daryavganj Railway Station in the north eastern railway zone. There are all castes living in this village except Yadav. This village is totally dependent on agriculture. The village has been roundly covered with different trees. In the evening many birds from different parts of the country can be seen. Agriculture is the main source of the economy. There are some crops cultivated like lahsan, tobacco, peppermint, makka, wheat, sweet potato.

Kasganj district
Kasganj district (earlier called Kanshiram Nagar) is a district of the Indian state Uttar Pradesh. It is located in the division of Aligarh and consists of Kasganj, Patiali and Sahawar tehsils. Its headquarters is at Kasganj.
2009 French Road Cycling Cup
The 2009 French Road Cycling Cup was the 18th edition of the French Road Cycling Cup. The 2009 calendar saw a reduction in events from 14 to 11, with the Tour du Haut Var, the Grand Prix de Rennes and Paris–Bourges losing their places on the calendar. The defending champion was Jérôme Pineau, who won the series for Bouygues Télécom but moved on to the Belgian team Quick-Step, and so did not feature much in the series. French rider Jimmy Casper of Besson Chaussures–Sojasun won the series, having led it throughout and winning three races.

Team TotalEnergies
Team TotalEnergies (UCI team code: TEN) is a professional road bicycle racing team that competes as a UCI ProTeam in UCI Continental Circuits races and UCI World Tour races when invited as a wild card entry. In previous years, the team was known as Brioches La Boulangère, Bonjour, Bouygues Télécom, Bbox Bouygues Telecom, and Europcar. The 2015 season was the last under the sponsorship of Europcar. The team has been sponsored by Direct Énergie since 2016.