hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ludlam Trail
The Ludlam Trail is a proposed 5.6-mile (9 km) shared-use linear park rail trail in Miami-Dade County, Florida, that will follow the former Florida East Coast Railway Little River Branch between NW 7th Street and SW 80th Street. The trail is planned to provide safe and direct pathways for walking, running, and cycling, as well as connect schools, parks, transit stops, residences, workplaces, and shopping areas. The trail is envisioned as part of the "Miami Loop", a network of bikeways that also includes the Perimeter Trail, the Miami River Greenway, and The Underline. A groundbreaking ceremony was held October 26, 2021. Construction is anticipated to start fall of 2026.

Rail trail
A rail trail or railway walk is a shared-use path on a railway right of way. Rail trails are typically constructed after a railway has been abandoned and the track has been removed; in addition, rails with trails share the rail corridor with active railways, light rail or with disused track. As shared-use paths, rail trails are primarily for non-motorised traffic including pedestrians, bicycles, horseback riders, skaters and cross-country skiers, although snowmobiles and all-terrain vehicles may be allowed. The characteristics of abandoned railways lend themselves to rail trails and account for their popularity; these include gentle grades, well-engineered rights of way and structures (bridges and tunnels), and passage through historical areas. Many rail trails are long-distance trails, while some shorter rail trails are known as greenways or linear parks.
Ludwik de Laveaux (painter)
Stanisław Ludwik de Laveaux (21 November 1868 – 5 April 1894) was a Polish painter.

Born in Jaronowice, he came from a French Protestant family who had emigrated to Poland in the 18th century.

He studied at the Kraków School of fine arts from 1884 to 1890 under Józef Mehoffer, and for two years he studied painting at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich under Otto Seitz. 
He then went to Paris on a permanent basis, but he travelled to Brittany, London and Oxford. 
Often living in poverty contributed to his development of tuberculosis, of which he died at the age of 25 years.
Known for his many romances, the most famous of which was his affair with a count's daughter Iwona Prośnieńska from the town of Olkusz. He also had a fiancee, Maria Mikołajczykówna.

He died on 5 April 1894 in Paris and was buried at the Cimetière parisien de Pantin (plot 2, range 11, nr. 2).

Olkusz
Olkusz [ˈɔlkuʂ] (Yiddish: עלקיש Elkish) is a town in southern Poland with 36,607 inhabitants (2014). Situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship (since 1999), previously in Katowice Voivodeship (1975–1998), it is the capital of Olkusz County. Olkusz is known for its abundance of silver, which is mined and extracted in the vicinity.
Pronin
Pronin (Russian: Про́нин), or Pronina (feminine; Про́нина), is a Russian  a Russian patronymic surname derived from the given name Pronya, a diminutive of "Prokhor". Notable people with the surname include:

Ivan Pronin

Mikhail Pronin

Vladimir Pronin (disambiguation)

Vasily Pronin

Nikolai Pronin

Natali Pronina

Vasily Pronin
Vasily Prokhorovich Pronin (Russian: Васи́лий Про́хорович Про́нин; 25 December 1905 – 12 October 1993) was a Soviet statesman and chairman of the executive committee of the Moscow City Council of Laborers' Deputies (today's equivalent of mayor) between 14 April 1939 and 7 December 1944.
2025–26 Azerbaijan First League
Azerbaijan First League 2025/2026 — the 34th season of the Azerbaijan First League, the second-highest football league in Azerbaijan, organized by the Azerbaijan Professional Football League.

At the meeting of the AFFA Licensing Committee held on May 8, 2025, prior to the season, the clubs Jabrayil FK, Dinamo Baku FK, Hypers Quba FK, Qaradağ Lökbatan FK, Mingachevir FK, MOIK Baku, Shahdag Qusar FK, Shafa FK, Shamkir FK, Shimal FK, and Zagatala PFK were granted licenses to participate in the First League competitions, while the clubs Araz Saatlı FK and Fuzuli FK were denied licenses.

The 2025/2026 season of the Azerbaijan First League started on 11 September 2025.

Shamkir FC
Shamkir Football Club (Azerbaijani: Şəmkir Futbol Klubu) was an Azerbaijani football club based in Şəmkir, that currently plays in the Azerbaijan First Division. The club is one of the oldest and most successful clubs in Azerbaijan's football history with two Azerbaijan Premier League titles.
Dragomir Brajković
Dragomir Brajković (Serbian Cyrillic: Драгомир Брајковић; 10 December 1947 – 29 November 2009) was a Montenegrin Serb writer, journalist, editor of Radio Belgrade, poet and member of the Association of Writers of Serbia.

Radio Belgrade
Radio Belgrade (Serbian: Радио Београд, Radio Beograd) is a state-owned and operated radio station in Belgrade, Serbia. It has four different programs (Radio Belgrade 1, Radio Belgrade 2, Radio Belgrade 3, and Radio Belgrade 202), a precious archive of several hundreds of thousands records, magnetic tapes and CDs, and is part of Radio Television of Serbia.
Carthage amphitheatre
The Carthage Amphitheatre was a Roman amphitheatre constructed in the first century CE in the city of Carthage, Tunisia, which was rebuilt by Dictator Julius Caesar and became the capital of Africa Proconsularis.

Predation plaguing the archaeological site only exists within the arena itself. The building earned the admiration of travelers, especially during the Middle Ages.

Roman amphitheatre
Roman amphitheatres are theatres — large, circular or oval open-air venues with tiered seating — built by the ancient Romans. They were used for events such as gladiator combats, venationes (animal slayings) and executions. About 230 Roman amphitheatres have been found across the area of the Roman Empire. Early amphitheatres date from the Republican period, though they became more monumental during the  Imperial era.

Amphitheatres are distinguished from circuses and hippodromes, which were usually rectangular and built mainly for racing events, and stadia, built for athletics, but several of these terms have at times been used for one and the same venue. The word amphitheatrum means "theatre all around". Thus, an amphitheatre is distinguished from the traditional semicircular Roman theatres by being circular or oval in shape.
Joe Galkin
Joe Galkin was a Russian-born  American record producer and musician, best known for his producing at Atlantic Records and his own Gerald Record label and work with Otis Redding and Phil Walden. Galkin saw the potential of Redding's "Love Twist" and purchased the masters to the song and had Atlantic release it and who persuaded Jim Stewart to permit Redding to record two songs, "These Arms of Mine" and "Hey, Hey Baby".

Galkin had migrated with his parents and siblings to Macon, Georgia, and began performing with local groups and began booking them before working for Stax Records and Atlantic Records. He was described as "a mainstay in Atlantic's southern promotion term."

Jim Stewart (music producer)
James Frank Stewart (July 29, 1930 – December 5, 2022) was an American record producer and executive who in 1957 co-founded Stax Records with his sister Estelle Axton. Stax was one of the leading recording companies during soul and R&B music's heyday. The label also scored many hits on the Billboard Hot 100 pop music chart, and internationally, during this time.
Spectral energy distribution
A spectral energy distribution (SED) is a plot of energy versus frequency or wavelength of electromagnetic or mechanical radiation, most commonly light (not to be confused with a 'spectrum' of flux density vs frequency or wavelength).  It is used in many branches of astronomy to characterize astronomical sources.  For example, in radio astronomy they are used to show the emission from synchrotron radiation, free-free emission and other emission mechanisms.  In infrared astronomy, SEDs can be used to classify young stellar objects.

Flux
Flux describes any effect that appears to pass or travel (whether it actually moves or not) through a surface or substance. Flux is a concept in applied mathematics and vector calculus which has many applications in physics.  For transport phenomena, flux is a vector quantity, describing the magnitude and direction of the flow of a substance or property. In vector calculus, flux is a scalar quantity, defined as the surface integral of the perpendicular component of a vector field over a surface.
Chang Man-yong
Chang Man-yong (Korean: 장만영; January 25, 1914 – 1977) was a Korean poet and journalist associated with the modernist movement of the 1930s. He was born in Yeonbaek County, Kōkai Province, Korea, Empire of Japan. He attended Keijō High School in Seoul and later the Mijakki English School in Tokyo.

Considered a major representative of 1930s Korean modernism, he is distinct from other poets in that tradition in his embrace of pastoral lyricism. Nostalgic themes of rural life were used to reflect the difficulty and anguish of the times in which Chang lived; he continued to use these devices to reflect the hardship of life in early South Korea.

Chang served as editor of the Seoul Shinmun, and was also president of the Society of Korean Poets.

Yeonbaek County
Yeonbaek County (Yeonbaek-gun) or Yonbaek County (Yonbaek-gun) was a county in Hwanghae Province, Korea. It was established in 1914 by uniting Yonan County and Paechon County. It was divided during the Division of Korea. The part of Yeonbaek county under South Korean authorities were administered under Gyeonggi Province. During the Korean War, North Korea took all of Yeonbaek County, and after briefly establishing the regions formerly under South Korean control as South Yeonbaek county (남연백군), North Korea disestablished Yeonbaek County and reestablished former Yonan County and Paechon County in 1952.
Matthew Ahmat
Matthew Ahmat (born 27 June 1974 in Alice Springs) is a former Indigenous Australian rules footballer who played for the Brisbane Bears and Sydney Swans in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the early 1990s.

The Ahmat name has had a long association with the Northern Territory Football League, as both his father and grandfather played at his original club, Darwin. He started his AFL career at Brisbane but struggled to establish a place in the Robert Walls coached side.

After spending the 1993 season in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) playing for Norwood, Ahmat received a lifeline from Sydney, who recruited him with the first pick of the 1993 Mid-Season draft. Ahmat made appearances in two of the opening three rounds of Sydney's 1994 campaign but could not extend his AFL career any further.

Norwood Football Club
The Norwood Football Club, nicknamed the Redlegs, is an Australian rules football club competing in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Its home ground is Coopers Stadium (Norwood Oval), which is often referred to as "The Parade". It is one of the two traditional powerhouse clubs of the SANFL, the other being Port Adelaide, who together have won half of all SANFL premierships (see Port Adelaide–Norwood SANFL rivalry). The club has won 31 SANFL premierships and 1 SANFLW premiership.
Lithuanian Institute of History
The Lithuanian Institute of History (Lithuanian: Lietuvos istorijos institutas) is a state-funded research institution in Lithuania. Governed by national law, it is the country's main institution of history research, concentrating mostly on the history of Lithuania and its neighbouring states.

The institute employs 126 people; 64 of them have Ph.D. degrees and 4 are habilitated doctors. Its director is Rimantas Miknys. The institute is divided into 7 sections (archaeology, cities, ethnology, archaeography, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, 19th century and 20th century). It also has its own library, collection of manuscripts, and publishing house. It was established in 1941 as a division of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences.

As of 2007, the institute was working on 15 projects, main of them is 12-volume academic history of Lithuania. The institute publishes semi-annual journal Lietuvos istorijos metraštis and annual English journal Lithuanian Historical Studies.

Auxiliary sciences of history
Auxiliary (or ancillary) sciences of history are scholarly disciplines which help evaluate and use historical sources and are seen as auxiliary for historical research. Many of these areas of study, classification and analysis were originally developed between the 16th and 19th centuries by antiquaries, and would then have been regarded as falling under the broad heading of antiquarianism. "History" was at that time regarded as a largely literary skill. However, with the spread of the principles of empirical source-based history championed by the Göttingen school of history in the late 18th century and later by Leopold von Ranke from the mid-19th century onwards, they have been increasingly regarded as falling within the skill-set of the trained historian.
Van Dyke brown (printing)
Van Dyke brown is a printing process named after Anthony van Dyck.

It involves coating a canvas with ferric ammonium citrate, tartaric acid, and silver nitrate, then exposing it to ultraviolet light. The canvas can be washed with water, and hypo to keep the solutions in place.  The image created has a Van Dyke brown color when it's completed, and unlike other printing methods, does not require a darkroom.

The Van Dyke brown process was patented in Germany in 1895 by Arndt and Troost. It was originally called many different names, such as sepia print or brown print. It has even been called kallitype, however that process uses ferric oxalate instead of ferric ammonium citrate.

Concerns have been voiced about the archival qualities of the Van Dyke brown print due to the fact that many early Van Dyke brown prints did not last long. However, if properly processed, Van Dyke brown prints should last as long as any other silver process.

Sodium thiosulfate
Sodium thiosulfate (sodium thiosulphate) is an inorganic compound with the formula Na2S2O3·xH2O. Typically it is available as the white or colorless pentahydrate (x = 5), which is a white solid that dissolves well in water. The compound is a reducing agent and a ligand, and these properties underpin its applications. Historically known as "hyposulphite of soda", sodium thiosulfate is used in medicine as a treatment for cyanide poisoning. It is also a reliable photographic fixer and played a key role in the development of photography in the 19th century.
Christophe Plantin Prize
The Christophe Plantin Prize (French: Prix Christoffel Plantin), is a Belgian civilian prize, intended to reward a Belgian citizen who resides abroad, who has made significant contributions to cultural, artistic or scientific activities.

Named after noted printer Christophe Plantin, the prize was created in 1968 on the initiative of:

Dr. Baron Ludo van Bogaert, doctor

Baron Roger Avermaete, writer

Hugo van Kuyck, architect

Maurits Naessens, banker

OJ Van de Perre, industrialist

Funded by voluntary contributions, the prize consists of a 10,000 € fund and a medal created by Antwerp artist May Néama. On one side the medal has a portrait of Christoffel Plantin, accompanied by his statement: "I have more hope in posteriority than in the current world population." To the reverse is an old picture of Antwerp quays, with a compass and another statement of Plantin: "Labore and Constantia."

Euro sign
The euro sign (€) is the currency sign used for the euro, the official currency of the eurozone. The design was presented to the public by the European Commission on 12 December 1996. It consists of a stylized letter E (or epsilon), crossed by two lines instead of one. Depending on convention in each nation, the symbol can either precede or follow  the value, e.g., €10 or 10 €, often with an intervening space.
Gary Kelly (politician)
Gary Kelly (born June 23, 1962) is an American politician.

Kelly was born on June 23, 1962, in Cameron, Missouri, and raised on a farm near Kidder. He graduated from Hamilton's Penney High School in 1980 and studied broadcasting and film at Central Missouri State University, and later attended Asbury Theological Seminary.

Prior to pursuing political office, Kelly was a police officer.

Kelly was first elected to the Missouri House of Representatives in 2000, defeating District 36 incumbent Rodger Fitzwater in a Democratic Party primary, then winning the general election uncontested. Kelly was unopposed during the 2002 general election, after facing Excelsior Springs mayor pro-term Benny Ward in a primary election. Kelly won his third primary contest in 2004, against Jerry McCarter, then subsequently lost the general election to Bob Nance.

Kidder, Missouri
Kidder is a city in northwest Caldwell County, Missouri. The population was 267 at the 2020 census.

The city was laid out in 1860 by H.B. Kidder or (Henry P. Kidder), of the Kidder Land Company in Boston, which was seeking to encourage non-slave owning European immigrants to settle along the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad which at the time was the furthest west railroad in the United States.

The city received national publicity in 2004 after a student at the Thayer Learning Center in the community died after not receiving treatment early enough.  In 2009 the Center was sold to become the White Buffalo Academy.  The campus was formerly Thayer College and Thayer High School. Thayer College was founded in 1871 and closed in 1876.  It reopened in 1877 as the Kidder Institute and operated under the auspices of the Congregational Church of Missouri.  The building was used as a public school from 1934 to 1981.
1835 Naval Air Squadron
1835 Naval Air Squadron (1835 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN). It was established as a fighter squadron in the United States at HMS Saker II, RNAS Quonset Point in August 1943. Rather than returning to the United Kingdom to join the 47th Naval Fighter Wing, the squadron was disbanded in November 1943, at RN Air Section Brunswick, Maine. The squadron was reconstituted at Brunswick in December 1944. It transferred to Northern Ireland and arrived at RNAS Eglinton (HMS Gannet) in April 1945. The squadron was designated for the 17th Carrier Air Group of the British Pacific Fleet; however, the conclusion of the Second World War prevented this deployment. The squadron was ultimately disbanded at RNAS Nutts Corner (HMS Pintail) in September 1945. It reformed as a Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Air Branch fighter squadron, in the Southern Air Division, from 1953 and disbanded in 1957.

Lieutenant commander (Royal Navy)
Lieutenant commander (often abbreviated Lt Cdr), formerly more commonly lieutenant-commander, is a senior officer rank in the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. It is immediately junior to commander and immediately senior to the naval rank of lieutenant.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is major; and in the Royal Air Force, it is squadron leader.
Glimes
Glimes is a district of the municipality of Incourt, located in the province of Walloon Brabant, Belgium.

Glimes contains one of the best-preserved tumuli from Gallo-Roman times in Belgium, the Tumulus of Glimes. Archaeological research carried out in 2002 determined that it dates from c. 130–150 AD. In addition, there are several historic farm houses in Glimes. The village church dates from 1882–1886 and is built in a Neo-Gothic style.

Walloon Brabant
Walloon Brabant (French: Brabant wallon [bʁabɑ̃ walɔ̃] ⓘ; Dutch: Waals-Brabant [ˌʋaːlz ˈbraːbɑnt] ⓘ; Walloon: Roman Payis) is a province located in Belgium's French-speaking region of Wallonia. It borders on (clockwise from the North) the province of Flemish Brabant (Flemish Region) and the provinces of Liège, Namur and Hainaut. Walloon Brabant's capital is Wavre; however, the municipality of Braine-l'Alleud is slightly more populous.

The provincial population was recorded at about 414,000 as of January 2024, and an area of 1,097 square kilometres (424 sq mi).
Enga Veettu Penn
Enga Veettu Penn (transl. The girl of our household) is a 1965 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by Tapi Chanakya and produced by Nagi Reddi and Chakrapani of Vijaya Combines Productions. A remake of the company's own Telugu film Shavukaru (1950), it features an ensemble cast that consists of M. R. Radha, S. V. Subbaiah, A. V. M. Rajan, Jaishankar, K. A. Thangavelu, Nagesh, V. Nagayya, O. A. K. Thevar and Nirmala, who became known as Vijaya Nirmala after its release. The film was released on 23 October 1965.

K. A. Thangavelu
Karaikal Arunachalam Thangavelu (15 January 1917 – 28 September 1994) popularly known as "Danaal Thangavelu", was an Indian actor and comedian popular in the 1950s to 1970s. Not known for physical, acrobatic comedy like his contemporaries J. P. Chandrababu and Nagesh, Thangavelu's humour is recognised for his impeccable timing in verbal agility and the characteristic twang of his delivery. He exclusively acted in Tamil films.
COVID-19 pandemic in Caraga
The COVID-19 pandemic in Caraga is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus reached Caraga on April 6, 2020, when the first case of the disease was confirmed in Butuan. The region was the last of the Philippines' 17 regions to confirm their first case. All provinces now have at least one confirmed COVID-19 case.

Surigao del Sur
Surigao del Sur (Surigaonon: Probinsya nan Surigao del Sur; Cebuano: Habagatang Surigao; Tagalog: Timog Surigao), officially the Province of Surigao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Caraga region in Mindanao. Its capital is Tandag City while Bislig is the most populous city in the province. Surigao del Sur is situated at the eastern coast of Mindanao and faces the Philippine Sea to the east.
Imre Vejkey
Dr. Imre Vejkey (born 15 January 1964) is a Hungarian lawyer and politician, member of the National Assembly (MP) from Fidesz–KDNP Tolna County Regional List then the alliance's national list since 2010. He served as one of the recorders of the parliament for a short time between 17 June and 19 September 2013.

Vejkey was a member of the Constitutional Preparatory Ad Hoc Committee from 2010 to 2011, Committee on Foreign Affairs from 2010 to 2014, Committee on European Affairs from 2010 to 2013, Committee on Constitutional Affairs, Justice and Home Affairs from 2013 to 2014. He is a member of the Legislative Committee since 2014. He served as Chairman of the Immunity Committee from 2014 to 2017. Following the death of György Rubovszky, he was appointed Chairman of the Committee on Legal Affairs in September 2017.

Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)
The Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungarian: Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt, [ˈkɛrɛsteːɲdɛmokrɒtɒ ˈneːpːaːrt], KDNP [ˈkaːdeːɛmpeː]) is a right-wing Christian democratic political party in Hungary. It is officially a coalition partner of the ruling party, Fidesz, but is mostly considered a satellite party of Fidesz. The party has been unable to get into the Parliament on its own since the 1990s (with the last time it did so being 1994), as it was not able to pass the election threshold of 5% of the vote. Without Fidesz, its support is now low enough that it can no longer be measured, and even a leading Fidesz politician, János Lázár, stated that Fidesz does not consider the government to be a coalition government.