hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Midgeholme
Midgeholme is a hamlet and civil parish in the Cumberland district, Cumbria, England. At the 2001 census the parish had a population of 67.

The parish is bordered to the  north by Farlam; to the east by Hartleyburn and Knaresdale with Kirkhaugh, both in Northumberland; to the south by Geltsdale; and to the west by Hayton.

Cold Fell, at 621 metres (2,037 ft), is on the boundary of Midgeholme and Geltsdale parishes. The hamlet of Midgeholme and the disused Midgeholme Coalfield are in the north east of the parish, near the A689 road between Brampton and Lambley.

Lambley, Northumberland
Lambley, formerly known as Harper Town, is a village in the civil parish of Coanwood, in Northumberland, England about four miles (six kilometres) southwest of Haltwhistle. The village lies adjacent to the River South Tyne. The place name Lambley refers to the "pasture of lambs".
Lambley used to be the site of a small convent of Benedictine Nuns, founded by Adam de Tindale and Heloise, his wife, in the 12th century. The Scots led by William Wallace devastated it in 1296 [Rowland gives 1297]. However it was restored and one William Tynedale was ordained priest to the nunnery in about 1508 – most likely not William Tyndale, the reformer, as once believed but another man of the same name. At the time of the suppression of religious houses by Henry VIII, the nunnery contained six inmates. Nothing now remains but the bell from the nunnery, which hangs in the church, and a few carved stones.
The village lies in the Midgeholme Coalfield and there are reserves of good-quality coal remaining.
October 2018 protests in Armenia
On 2 October 2018, protest demonstrations demanding the dissolution of the National Assembly of Armenia were held in the capital city of Yerevan and at other locations in Armenia. The protests were a response to a vote by the National Assembly to block Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan from disbanding the legislature and holding an election.  In the evening, the prime minister's supporters gathered at Marshal Baghramyan Avenue, Baghramyan and Karen Demirchyan streets and blockaded the National Assembly building. After endorsement by Pashinyan, protest rallies were also launched at Vanadzor and Gyumri.

National Assembly (Armenia)
The National Assembly of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության Ազգային ժողով, Hayastani Hanrapetyut'yan Azgayin zhoghov or simply Ազգային ժողով, ԱԺ, Azgayin Zhoghov, AZh), also informally referred to as the Parliament of Armenia (խորհրդարան, khorhrdaran) is the legislative branch of the government of Armenia.
Brightshores Health System
Brightshores Health System is a hospital network in Grey and Bruce counties in Ontario, Canada.

It operates six hospitals sites, including the 400-bed Owen Sound Regional Hospital. The other five hospitals are Lion's Head Hospital, Markdale Hospital, Meaford Hospital, Southampton Hospital and Wiarton Hospital.

As of 2022, the Chief Executive Officer was Gary Sims.

Brightshores Health System was rebranded in 2023, having been formerly known as Grey Bruce Health Services.

Meaford, Ontario
Meaford is a municipality in Grey County, Ontario, Canada located on Nottawasaga Bay, a sub-basin of Georgian Bay and Owen Sound Bay.  The municipality's seal and motto reflect its heritage as a place of apple orchards, but in the 21st century the area has partly switched to weekend homes, seasonal homes, and lakeside tourism.

The Canadian Army maintains a training facility, the 4th Canadian Division Training Centre Meaford (4 CDTC), 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northwest of the town of Meaford.
Specified minimum yield strength
Specified Minimum Yield Strength (SMYS) means the specified minimum yield strength for steel pipe manufactured in accordance with a listed specification1.  This is a common term used in the oil and gas industry for steel pipe used under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Transportation.  It is an indication of the minimum stress a pipe may experience that will cause plastic (permanent) deformation.

The SMYS is required to determine the maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) of a pipeline, as determined by Barlow's Formula which is P = (2 * S * T)/(OD * SF), where P is pressure, OD is the pipe’s outside diameter, S is the SMYS, T is its wall thickness, and SF is a [Safety Factor].

Barlow's formula
Barlow's formula (called "Kesselformel" in German) relates the internal pressure that a pipe can withstand to its dimensions and the strength of its material.

This approximate formula is named after Peter Barlow, an English mathematician.

Cylinder,

where

: internal pressure,

: allowable stress,

: wall thickness,

: outside diameter.

This formula (DIN 2413) figures prominently in the design of autoclaves and other pressure vessels.
Palatine L 2
The Palatine Class L 2 were a group of steam locomotives used on the Palatinate Railway in early 20th century Bavaria. They were built for the line between Speyer and Neustadt an der Weinstrasse (Neustadt-Speyer railway). Because the engines were to be used double-headed, they had doors on the front and rear of the driver's cabs and an opening in the running plate. This enabled access to the locomotive from the train whilst running.

They had the numbers XIII to XVII. After the foundation of the Reichsbahn all the engines were taken over and were given the numbers 99 001 to 99 005. The first engine was retired as early as 1931, the last one in 1936.  They carried 1.4 m3 of water and 0.6 t of coal.

Neustadt an der Weinstraße
Neustadt an der Weinstraße (German: [ˈnɔʏʃtat ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈvaɪnˌʃtʁaːsə]; lit. 'New City on the Wine Route'; Palatine German: Naischdadt an de Woischdrooß), formerly known as Neustadt an der Haardt, is a town in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. With 53,300 inhabitants as of 2020, it is the largest town called Neustadt.
Hanönü
Hanönü, also Gökçeağaç, is a town in the Kastamonu Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Hanönü District. Its population is 2,111 (2021). The town lies at an elevation of 508 m (1,667 ft).

Black Sea region
The Black Sea region (Turkish: Karadeniz Bölgesi) (sometimes referred to as Pontus or Pontos) is a geographical region of Turkey. The largest city in the region is Samsun. Other big cities are Zonguldak, Trabzon, Ordu, Tokat, Giresun, Rize, Amasya and Sinop.

It is bordered by the Marmara Region to the west, the Central Anatolia Region to the south, the Eastern Anatolia Region to the southeast, the Republic of Georgia to the northeast, and the Black Sea to the north.
Filariasis
Filariasis is a filarial infection caused by parasitic nematodes (roundworms) spread by different vectors. They are included in the list of neglected tropical diseases.

The most common type is lymphatic filariasis caused by three species of Filaria that are spread by mosquitoes. Other types of filariasis are onchocerciasis also known as river blindness caused by Onchocerca volvulus; Loa loa filariasis (Loiasis) caused by Loa loa; Mansonelliasis caused by three species of Mansonella, and  Dirofilariasis caused by two types of Dirofilaria. All of these worms belong to the superfamily Filarioidea.

Dirofilaria
Dirofilaria is a filarial (arthropod-borne) nematode (roundworm), in the family Onchocercidae. Some species cause dirofilariasis, a state of parasitic infection, in humans and other animals.

There are about 27 species in the genus. These are generally divided into two subgenera, Dirofilaria and Nochtiella.

Some species are well-known parasites, including Dirofilaria immitis, the dog heartworm, Dirofilaria repens, which affects many types of nonhuman mammals, and Dirofilaria tenuis, which usually parasitizes raccoons, but can infect humans, as well.

Human dirofilariasis is generally caused by D. immitis and D. repens.  The former can cause pulmonary dirofilariasis, which may have no symptoms.  Another form of the infection can be characterized by a painful lump under the skin or infection of the eye.  The nematodes are spread by mosquitoes.
Bodging
Bodging (full name chair-bodgering) is a traditional woodturning craft, using  green (unseasoned) wood to make chair legs and other cylindrical parts of chairs. The work was done close to where a tree was felled. The itinerant craftsman who made the chair legs was known as a bodger or chair-bodger. According to Collins Dictionary, the use of the term bodger in reference to green woodworking appeared between 1799 and 1827 and, to a much lesser extent, from 1877 to 1886 and from 1939 to present.

Gross (unit)
In English and related languages, several terms involving the words "great" or "gross" relate to numbers involving a multiple of exponents of twelve (dozen):

A gross is a group of 144 items (a dozen dozen or a square dozen, 122).

A great gross is a group of 1,728 items (a dozen gross or a cubic dozen, 123).

A small gross or a great hundred is a group of 120 items (ten dozen, 10×12).

The term can be abbreviated gr. or gro., and dates from the early 15th century. It derives from the Old French grosse douzaine, meaning "large dozen”. The continued use of these terms in measurement and counting represents the duodecimal number system. This has led groups such as the Dozenal Society of America to advocate for wider use of "gross" and related terms instead of the decimal system.
Ultraseven X
Ultraseven X (ウルトラセブン エックス, Urutorasebun Ekkusu; stylized as U7X) is the 16th entry (22nd overall) in the Tsuburaya's long-running Ultra Series. It is a darker and edgier revival of the 1967 series Ultraseven, and is the second in Tsuburaya Productions' Ultra hero series to be exclusively for an adult audience after Ultraman Mebius and the first to be in a wide screen high-definition format. The show first aired on October 5, 2007 at 2:15 am on CBC and 2:25 am on TBS.

On May 11, 2017, Toku announced that the series would air in the United States on its channel with English subtitles beginning June 5 until June 12, 2017. On Friday, September 29 the entire series was made available for viewing on Verizon's go90.

Tsuburaya Productions
Tsuburaya Productions (円谷プロダクション, Tsuburaya Purodakushon), also abbreviated as Tsupro (ツプロ, Tsupuro), is a Japanese special effects studio founded in 1963 by special effects director Eiji Tsuburaya and was run by his family, until October 2007, when the family sold the company to advertising agency TYO Inc.  The studio is best known for producing the science fiction media franchise Ultraman.  Since 2007, the head office has been located in Hachimanyama, Setagaya, Tokyo.
Major roads in the Kimberley region of Western Australia
Main Roads Western Australia controls the major roads in the state's Kimberley region. Great Northern Highway is the major road connection through the region, with sealed roads spurring off it to connect to population centres, and unsealed roads offering an alternative route between Derby and Wyndham.

The region's main roads are important to the Kimberley, as roads are the only transportation mode within the region. Great Northern Highway is the only sealed road linking the region to the rest of the state, and via Victoria Highway, the rest of the country; therefore, it is particularly important for defence, freight, and tourism. Freight needs include transportation of minerals to the ports at Derby and Wyndham for the mining industry, cattle to ports or abattoirs, and produce to markets (including to the Wyndham port for export) for the agricultural industry based around the Ord River Irrigation Scheme area.

Wyndham, Western Australia
Wyndham is the northernmost town in the Kimberley region of Western Australia, 3,315 kilometres (2,060 mi) northeast of Perth via the Great Northern Highway. It was established in 1886 to service a new goldfield at Halls Creek, and it is now a port and service centre for the east Kimberley region with a population of 941 as of the 2021 census.   Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people make up 54% of the population. Wyndham comprises two areas - the original town site at Wyndham Port situated on Cambridge Gulf, and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) by road to the south, the Three Mile area with the residential and shopping area for the port, also founded in 1886. Wyndham is part of the Shire of Wyndham-East Kimberley.
Tom Liebscher
Tom Liebscher-Lucz (born 3 August 1993) is a German Olympic canoeist. He represented his country at the 2016 Summer Olympics and won a gold medal in men's K-4 1000 m event with Max Rendschmidt, Max Hoff and Marcus Gross. He also earned gold medals with the German teams in the men's K-4 500 m events at the 2020 Summer Olympics and 2024 Summer Olympics.

Liebscher won gold in the men's K-1 500 m event at the 2013 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships and 2019 World Championships and in the men's K-1 1000 m event at the 2017 World Championships.

He married Hungarian canoeist Dora Lucz in 2022.

Sprint kayak
Sprint kayak is a type of canoe sprint held on calm water. The paddler is seated, facing forward, and uses a double-bladed paddle pulling the blade through the water on alternate sides to propel the boat forward. Kayak sprint has been in every summer Olympics since it debuted at the 1936 Summer Olympics. The sport is governed by the International Canoe Federation.
Puxada de Rede
Puxada de rede (lit. "fishing net pulling") is an Afro-Brazilian folkloric dance or play often associated with capoeira performances that mimics the pulling of a fishing net. A traditional folk dance originating in coastal communities in Bahia, it emerged in dance performance in the 1960s.

Ethnomusicologist Emília Biancardi, with her dance group Viva Bahia, the first group of its type, translated it and other traditional dances from the oral tradition to the stage after learning them from Manuel dos Reis Machado, Vicente Ferreira Pastinha and others in and around Salvador.

Mestre Canjiquinha claimed to be the first to incorporate the dance into a "folkloric suite" alongside capoeira, maculelê and samba de roda. It has a repertoire of songs about fishing, the sea, and worship of Iemanja, who often appears in the dance. It is widely taught in capoeira schools.

Mestre Canjiquinha
Washington Bruno da Silva (1925–1994), known as Mestre Canjiquinha, was a Brazilian capoeira Angola mestre and a prominent figure in contemporary capoeira.

He was one of the few mestres who didn't emphasize differences between Angola and Regional style, viewing them as primarily different rhythms.
Herman Sotaaen
Herman Sotaaen (August 27, 1888 – August 27, 1967) was a Norwegian track and field athlete who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. In 1912 he was eliminated in the first round of the 100 metres competition as well as of the 200 metres event.

Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres was a track and field athletics event held as part of the Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme.  It was the fifth appearance of the event, which is one of 12 athletics events to have been held at every Summer Olympics. The competition was held on 6 July 1912 and on 7 July 1912. Seventy runners from 22 nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. The event was won by Ralph Craig of the United States, as the Americans swept the medals for a second time (previously having done so in 1904).
Shanghai Rail Transit
Shanghai Rail Transit includes all rail transit lines operating in Shanghai, mainly composed of High-volume railway system, Low-to-medium-volume railway system and Maglev system. The system was established on May 28, 1993, when Shanghai Metro Line 1 opened.

Pujiang line
The Pujiang line (simplified Chinese: 浦江线; traditional Chinese: 浦江線; pinyin: Pǔjiāng Xiàn) is an automated, driverless, rubber-tired Shanghai Metro line in the town of Pujiang in the Shanghainese district of Minhang. It was originally conceived as phase 3 of Shanghai Metro line 8, but afterwards was constructed as a separate line, connecting with line 8 at its southern terminus, Shendu Highway. The line opened for passenger trial operations on March 31, 2018. It is the first automated, driverless people mover line in the Shanghai Metro, and has 6 stations with a total length of 6.689 kilometres (4.156 mi). The people mover was expected to carry 73,000 passengers a day. The line is colored gray on system maps.

The line is operated by Shanghai Keolis Public Transport Operation & Management Co. Ltd. (Chinese: 上海申凯公共交通运营管理有限公司), a joint venture owned by Keolis and Shanghai Shentong Metro Group for at least five years after opening.
Unit cohesion
Unit cohesion is a military concept, defined by one former United States Chief of staff in the early 1980s as "the bonding together of soldiers in such a way as to sustain their will and commitment to each other, the unit, and mission accomplishment, despite combat or mission stress". This concept lacks a consensus definition among military analysts, sociologists and psychologists, however.

Armed Forces & Society
Armed Forces & Society is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic publication that publishes articles and book reviews on a wide variety of topics including civil–military relations, military sociology, veterans, military psychology, military institutions, conflict management, peacekeeping, conflict resolution, military contracting, terrorism, gender related issues, military families  and military ethics. It is the official publication of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society and published by SAGE Publications. The current editor-in-chief is Ori Swed (Texas Tech University).

The journal was established in 1974 by Morris Janowitz (University of Chicago) and became the "first professional journal to focus on the connection between the military and society in an international and interdisciplinary way."
Riolobos
Riolobos (Spanish pronunciation: [rjoˈloβos]) is a municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain. According to the 2006 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 1268 inhabitants.

Province of Cáceres
The province of Cáceres (Spanish: provincia de Cáceres; Portuguese: província de Cáceres; Extremaduran: provincia de Caçris; Fala: provincia de Cáciris) is a province of western Spain, and makes up the northern half of the autonomous community of Extremadura. Its capital is the city of Cáceres. Other cities in the province include Plasencia, Coria, Navalmoral de la Mata, and Trujillo, the birthplace of Francisco Pizarro González. As of 2024, the province had 388,652 inhabitants, of whom a quarter lived in the capital. The Tagus river runs through the province.
Marañón white-fronted capuchin
The Marañón white-fronted capuchin (Cebus yuracus) also or known as Peruvian white-fronted capuchin or Andean white-fronted capuchin  is a species of gracile capuchin monkey from the upper Amazon Basin.  It had been regarded as synonymous with the shock-headed capuchin (C. cuscinus), which was then considered a subspecies of Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin, but it was classified as a separate species by Mittermeier and Rylands based on genetic studies by Boubli.

Near Rio Napo, Sucumbios, Ecuador

The Marañón white-fronted capuchin lives in wet forests of the upper Amazon basin in southern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, northeastern Peru and likely eastern Brazil.  Males have a head and body length of about 43 cm (17 in) with a tail length of about 47 cm (19 in).  Females have a head and body length about 37 cm (15 in) with a tail length of about 45 cm (18 in).

Marañón white-fronted capuchins sometimes formed mixed groups with the Ecuadorian squirrel monkey.

Russell Mittermeier
Russell Alan Mittermeier (born November 8, 1949) is an American primatologist and herpetologist. He has written several books for both popular and scientist audiences, and has authored more than 300 scientific papers.
Morimura
Morimura (written: 森村 lit. "forest village") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Shigeki Morimura (森村 茂樹, born 1916), Japanese psychiatrist and founder of Hyogo College of Medicine

Kota Morimura (森村 昂太, born 1988), Japanese footballer

Sachiko Morimura (born 1972), Japanese Olympic gymnast

Seiichi Morimura (森村 誠一, 1933–2023), Japanese writer

Yasumasa Morimura (森村 泰昌, born 1951), Japanese artist

Hyogo College of Medicine
Hyohgo Medical University (兵庫医科大学, Hyōhgo ika daigaku) is a private university in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo, Japan, established in 1972 by Shigeki Morimura.

Located near by the Koshien Stadium, it is considered to be a part of supporting medical team for high school baseball players during spring and summer.
Gilbert Browning
Gilbert Browning (October 19, 1821 – 1882) was a Scottish-born merchant in Newfoundland Colony.

He was born in Newmilns, Ayrshire and came to Newfoundland after the Great Fire of 1846 to help rebuild the premises of Baine, Johnston and Company. Browning set up his own businesses soon afterwards, operating a cod oil refinery, sawmill and boat factory. He later set up the firm of G. Browning & Son which operated a bakery. He was also involved in mining.

Browning died during a visit to Glasgow for his health.

His son Donald served in the Newfoundland assembly.

Although the original premises of the company were destroyed by fire, G. Browning & Sons became one of the founding companies of Browning Harvey Limited, a beverage bottling company which is still in operation to this day.

Newmilns
Newmilns (Scottish Gaelic: Am Muileann Ùr) is a village in the burgh of Newmilns and Greenholm, in East Ayrshire, Scotland. It has a population of 3,057 people (2001 census) and lies on the A71, around seven miles east of Kilmarnock and twenty-five miles southwest of Glasgow. It is situated in a valley through which the River Irvine runs and, with the neighbouring towns of Darvel and Galston, forms an area known as the Upper Irvine Valley (locally referred to as The Valley).

As the name suggests, the burgh exists in two parts – Newmilns to the north of the river and Greenholm to the south. The river also divides the parishes of Loudoun and Galston, which is why the burgh, although generally referred to as Newmilns, has retained both names.
Scott Edwards (cricketer)
Scott Andrew Edwards (born 23 August 1996) is a Tongan-born cricketer who represents the Netherlands. Known for hitting his classic slog sweep shots against spinners, he made his first-class debut for the Netherlands against Namibia in the 2015–17 ICC Intercontinental Cup on 29 November 2017. He made his List A debut against Namibia in the 2015–17 ICC World Cricket League Championship on 8 December 2017. In June 2022, Edwards was named as the new captain of the Dutch cricket team, after Pieter Seelaar was forced to retire from international cricket due to a long-term back injury. Edwards is the Netherlands' seventh ODI captain.

European T20 Premier League
The European T20 Premier League (ETPL) is an upcoming professional twenty20 cricket league in Europe. It will be organised by Cricket Scotland, Cricket Ireland, and Royal Dutch Cricket Association, and will be played during summer each year from 2026. The League will comprise six teams across Scotland, Ireland, Northern Ireland, and the Netherlands.
M-80 (Michigan highway)
M-80 is a state trunkline highway in the Upper Peninsula of the US state of Michigan. It runs from Kinross to M-129 near Donaldson. The highway serves the site of the former Kincheloe Air Force Base and the current Chippewa County International Airport. The designation has been used twice before on roads in the Lower Peninsula in the 1910s through 1930s while the current usage dates back to the mid-1990s.

Kincheloe Air Force Base
Kincheloe Air Force Base was a United States Air Force (USAF) base during the Cold War.  Built in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan in 1943 during World War II, the base was in service until 1977.

The base was known by various names, including Kinross Municipal Airport, Kinross Army Air Field, Kinross Air Field, Kinross Air Force Auxiliary Field, and Kinross Air Force Base. The present-day Chippewa County International Airport, Kinross Correctional Facility, and the community of Kincheloe are located on the site of the base. The base was named for Iven Kincheloe (1928–1958), a test pilot from Michigan.