hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Squirrel River (Wisconsin)
The Squirrel River is a river in Oneida County, Wisconsin, which arises in Squirrel Lake and empties into the Tomahawk River a few miles upstream from the Willow Reservoir.  The Squirrel River was an important part of a trade and travel route for Indians and non-Indians in the fur trade era.  Using canoes in the summer and dog sleds in the winter, travelers would use the river, Squirrel Lake, and a short land portage to travel between Lac du Flambeau and the Tomahawk River.  The Tomahawk River, connecting with the Wisconsin River, formed one long north-south route.

The Squirrel River travels through the Squirrel River Pines State Natural Area, a 363-acre stand of mostly large red pines (Pinus resinosa).  The recreation area is managed by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.

Pinus resinosa
Pinus resinosa, known as red pine (also Norway pine in Minnesota), is a pine native to Eastern North America, with a distributed from Pennsylvania and the Great Lakes region to Manitoba and Newfoundland. It is an adaptable species, and is a valuable forestry species in its native range. One of only two American members of subsection Pinus, the species is characterised by low genetic diversity.
1923 French Grand Prix
The 1923 French Grand Prix (formally the XVII Grand Prix de l'Automobile Club de France) was a Grand Prix motor race held at Tours on 2 July 1923. The race was run over 35 laps of the 22.83 km circuit for a total distance of just under 800 km and was won by Henry Segrave driving a Sunbeam. This race is notable as the first Grand Épreuve to be won by either a British driver or a British car. The race also featured several innovative new technologies, including the first appearance of both supercharging and V12 engines in Grand Prix racing.

Henry Segrave
Sir Henry O'Neal de Hane Segrave (22 September 1896 – 13 June 1930) was an early British pioneer in land speed and water speed records. Segrave, who set three land and one water record, was the first person to hold both titles simultaneously and the first person to travel at over 200 miles per hour (320 km/h) in a land vehicle. He died in an accident in 1930 shortly after setting a new world water speed record on Windermere in the Lake District, England. The Segrave Trophy was established to commemorate his life.
Timeline of First Nations history in Canada
The history of the First Nations in Canada is the prehistory and history of present-day Canada's Indigenous peoples from the earliest times to the present day. The prehistory settlement of the Americas is a subject of ongoing debate. First Nation's oral histories and traditional knowledge, combined with new methodologies and technologies—used by archaeologists, linguists, and other researchers—produce new—and sometimes conflicting—evidence.

Many First Nations myths refer to the habitation of North America from time immemorial. There are a number of myths about the world in general and the place of First Nations within that history.

Musqueam First Nation
The Musqueam Nation is a First Nation whose traditional territory encompasses the western half of what is now Greater Vancouver, in British Columbia, Canada. It is governed by a band council and is known officially as the Musqueam Indian Band under the Indian Act. "Musqueam" (/ˈmʌskwiəm/ ⓘ MUS-kwee-əm) is an anglicization of the Hunʼqumiʼnum name xʷməθkʷəy̓əm, which means "place of the river grass" or "place where the river grass grows" (məθkʷəy̓ being the Hunʼqumiʼnum name of the plant).
Presidency of the 11th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia
This electoral term of the Presidency was elected by the 1st Session of the Central Committee of the 11th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia in 1978, and was in session until the gathering of the 12th Congress in 1982.

K. G. Saur Verlag
K. G. Saur Verlag is a German publisher based in Munich that specializes in reference information for libraries. The publishing house, founded in 1949 by Karl-Otto Saur, Chief of Armament Staff of wartime Nazi Germany as Dokumentation Saur, only became economically successful, now named K. G. Saur Verlag, from 1966 under his son Klaus Gerhard Saur.

In 1987,  K. G. Saur was acquired by Reed International. Its British holdings were merged into the separate company Bowker-Saur. In 2000, Reed Elsevier sold K. G. Saur to the Gale Group, a unit of the Thomson Corporation. Walter de Gruyter acquired it in 2006.
Livermush
Livermush is a Southern United States pork food product prepared using pig liver, parts of pig heads, cornmeal and spices. It is a regional dish that is common in Western North Carolina. It is typically consumed as a breakfast and lunch food. It has been suggested that livermush derives from scrapple. By law in North Carolina, the product must consist of at least 30% pig liver. Several festivals exist in North Carolina that are dedicated to the food.

Though sometimes considered the same as liver pudding, livermush generally contains more cornmeal and is coarser in texture. It is generally prepared using a different recipe than for liver pudding.

Regional cuisine
Regional cuisine is cuisine based upon national, state or local regions. Regional cuisines may vary based upon food availability and trade, varying climates, cooking traditions and practices, and cultural differences. One noteworthy definition is based upon traditional cuisine: "A traditional cuisine is a coherent tradition of food preparation that rises from the daily lives and kitchens of a people over an extended period in a specific region of a country, or a specific country, and which, when localized, has notable distinctions from the cuisine of the country as a whole." Regional food preparation traditions, customs and ingredients often combine to create dishes unique to a particular region. Regional cuisines are often named after the geographic areas or regions that they originate from.
Brunnichia
Brunnichia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. It includes a single species, Brunnichia ovata, commonly known as redvine, American buckwheat vine or ladies' eardrops, a woody vine native to the central and southeastern United States.

Vine
A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word vine can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.

In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines, while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants.
Ben King (designer)
Ben King was an American fashion designer active from the 1940s to the 1970s. In 1944, he was awarded a Neiman Marcus Fashion Award for Distinguished Service in the Field of Fashion. Although he produced some clothing, including a vibrant India-print pajamas ensemble in 1954, King was known particularly for accessories, being listed as a leading designer of belts in 1953. Ben King handbags were still available from stores such as Bonwit Teller in the mid-1970s, being featured in Vogue and Harper's Bazaar.

Pajamas
Pajamas (American English) or pyjamas (Commonwealth English), sometimes colloquially shortened to PJs, jammies, jim-jams, or in South Asia, night suits, are several related types of clothing worn as nightwear or while lounging. Pajamas are soft garments derived from the Indian and Iranian bottom-wear, the pyjamas, which were adopted in the Western world as nightwear.
Paul Nickell
John Paul Nickell (December 28, 1915 – May 17, 2000) was an American television director.

Nickell was born in Salt Lick, Kentucky. He attended Morehead State University and the University of North Carolina. He started working in television on WPTZ in Philadelphia, moving to New York in 1948 to direct the anthology drama series Studio One. Nickell's other directing credits include Mr. Lucky, The Eleventh Hour, Ben Casey, The Virginian, Naked City, Wide Country, The Donna Reed Show, Sam Benedict, 77 Sunset Strip, The Young Marrieds and Bonanza.

In 1964, Nickell was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series for his work on the television program The Farmer's Daughter. His nomination was shared with William D. Russell and Don Taylor. He retired from directing in 1968, and then taught at the University of North Carolina.

Nickell died in May 2000 in Raleigh, North Carolina, at the age of 84.

Naked City (TV series)
Naked City is an American police procedural television series from Screen Gems that aired on ABC from 1958 to 1963. It was inspired by the 1948 motion picture The Naked City and mimics its dramatic semi-documentary format. As in the film, each episode concluded with a narrator intoning the iconic line: "There are eight million stories in the naked city. This has been one of them."

The Naked City episode "Four Sweet Corners" (1959) inspired the series Route 66, created by Stirling Silliphant. Route 66 was broadcast by CBS from 1960 to 1964, and, like Naked City, followed the "semi-anthology" format of building the stories around the guest actors, rather than the regular cast. In 1997, the June 7, 1961 episode "Sweet Prince of Delancey Street" was ranked number 93 on TV Guide's "100 Greatest Episodes of All Time" list.
Disposable soma theory of aging
In biogerontology, the disposable soma theory of aging states that organisms age due to an evolutionary trade-off between growth, reproduction, and DNA repair maintenance.  Formulated by British biologist Thomas Kirkwood, the disposable soma theory explains that an organism only has a limited amount of resources that it can allocate to its various cellular processes. Therefore, a greater investment in growth and reproduction would result in reduced investment in DNA repair maintenance, leading to increased cellular damage, shortened telomeres, accumulation of mutations, compromised stem cells, and ultimately, senescence. Although many models, both animal and human, have appeared to support this theory, parts of it are still controversial.
Specifically, while the evolutionary trade-off between growth and aging has been well established, the relationship between reproduction and aging is still without scientific consensus, and the cellular mechanisms largely undiscovered.

Developmental biology
Developmental biology is the scientific study of the processes by which animals and plants grow and develop. The field of developmental biology is further defined by its study of phenomena such as regeneration, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and the growth and differentiation of stem cells within the adult organism.
Gløersen
Gløersen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anders Gløersen (born 1986), Norwegian cross-country skier

Inger Alver Gløersen (1892–1982), Norwegian writer

Jacob Gløersen (1852–1912), Norwegian painter

Kari Gløersen (born 1948), Norwegian politician

Anders Gløersen
Anders Gloeersen (Norwegian: Anders Gløersen, born 22 May 1986) is a Norwegian cross-country skier who has competed since 2005. He has five World Cup victories, earning four of them in the individual sprint events (2007, 2008, 2010, 2013), and one in a 15 km freestyle race in Davos (2014). He won a bronze medal in the 15 km freestyle race in Falun the next year, and replaced Sundby in the third leg of the relay. His effort in the relay helped secure another win, Norway's eighth relay victory in a row.
KL Lechia Gdańsk
Klub Lekkoatletyczny Lechia Gdańsk (English: Athletics Club Lechia Gdańsk) is a Polish athletics club based in Gdańsk, Poland. The athletics club was formed and became part of the Lechia Gdańsk sports club. While the club has not been officially associated with the other sporting sections since 2002, the athletics club still continues with the name Lechia.

In 2007 Lechia started building a new athletics stadium and training complex. The building was to be completed in 2010, and to be called the "Stadion Lekkoatletyczny KL Lechia" but was later abandoned.

The club states that its purpose and aims are to; provide better sporting opportunities for the inhabitants of Gdańsk, provide development for the best athletes as well as providing the best possible conditions for its athletes and competitors, and to promote sport and recreation for the disabled inhabitants.

Names of Poland
The ethnonyms for the Poles (people) and Poland (their country) include endonyms (the way Polish people refer to themselves and their country) and exonyms (the way other peoples refer to the Poles and their country). Endonyms and most exonyms for Poles and Poland derive from the name of the West Slavic tribe of Polans (Polanie), while in some languages the exonyms for Poland to derive from the name of another tribe – the Lendians (Lędzianie).
Defensive Sector of the Rhône
The Defensive Sector of the Rhône (Secteur Défensif du Rhône) was the French military organization that in 1940 controlled the section of the French border with Switzerland and Italy in the area of Geneva. The area was not regarded as a likely point of invasion, owing to the neutrality of Switzerland and the extremely difficult terrain  along the Italian portion of the border. It was therefore lightly fortified.  Its chief fortified position was the 19th-century Fort l'Écluse, manned by a small force, which held its strategic position against a Panzerkorps for a week in June 1940.

Panzer corps
A panzer corps (German: Panzerkorps) was an armoured corps type in Nazi Germany's Wehrmacht during World War II.  The name was introduced in 1941, when the  motorised corps (Armeekorps (mot) or AK(mot)) were renamed to panzer corps. Panzer corps were created throughout the war, and existed in the Army, the Waffen-SS and even the Luftwaffe. Those renamed from ordinary motorised corps retained their numbering.
2013–14 Wessex Football League
The 2013–14 Wessex Football League (known as the Sydenhams Football League (Wessex) for sponsorship reasons) was the 28th season of the Wessex Football League since its establishment in 1986.

The league consisted of two divisions: the Premier Division and Division One. Both divisions this season consisted of an extra team than the previous season – the Premier Division had 22 teams and Division One had 17 teams.

Hayling United F.C.
Hayling United Football Club is a football club based on Hayling Island in Hampshire, England. The club is affiliated to the Hampshire Football Association, and is a FA Charter Standard club. The Humbugs were founded in 1884 as Hayling Island, but changed their name in the early seventies to the present name.

The club currently play in the Hampshire Premier League Division One.
Cristina Penasco
Cristina Peñasco is a Senior Research Economist at the Centre for Climate Change of the Banque de France and Associate Professor in Public Policy at the Department of Politics and International Studies at the University of Cambridge. She is also a Fellow at Queens' College Cambridge, where she acts as Director of Studies in Economics. From 2020 to 2023 Peñasco  was director of the flagship University of Cambridge Masters in Public Policy (MPP) degree.

Professor Peñasco is a Centre Fellow at Centre for the Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance (C-EENRG) hosted at the Cambridge Department of Land Economy, and associate researcher of the Bennett Institute for Public Policy. She is mainly known for her work in environmental economics, including several highly-cited works with the head of environmental economics at the Elcano Royal Institute Pablo del Rio that are among the most highly cited in their subfield.

Elcano Royal Institute
The Elcano Royal Institute for International and Strategic Studies (Spanish: Real Instituto Elcano de Estudios Internacionales y Estratégicos; RIE) is a think tank based in Madrid, Spain.

It was created on 26 November 2001 as private foundation, formed by the Ministries of Foreign Affairs, Economy, Defence and Education, Culture and Sport as well as the public railway company RENFE, also receiving the additional funding from PRISA, CASA, CEPSA, SEAT, Indra Sistemas, the SGAE; Telefónica and Zeltia. It was set up with the aim of "promoting in society the knowledge of the international reality and of the foreign relations of Spain in all its aspects."
Logie Awards of 1963
The 5th Annual TV Week Logie Awards were announced on Wednesday 26 March 1963 by TV Week. The award ceremony was to have taken place at the Chevron-Hilton Hotel in Sydney on 23 March 1963 and been broadcast on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), with Tony Hancock and Marie McDonald as guest presenters, but Hancock cancelled his trip to Australia due to illness. The presentation ceremony was postponed until July on board cruise liner Changsha. This article lists the winners of Logie Awards (Australian television) for 1963:

Tony Hancock
Anthony John Hancock (12 May 1924 – 25 June 1968) was an English comedian and actor.

High-profile during the 1950s and early 1960s, he had a major success with his BBC series Hancock's Half Hour, first broadcast on radio from 1954, then on television from 1956, in which he soon formed a strong professional and personal bond with comic actor Sid James. Although Hancock's decision to cease working with James, when it became known in early 1960, disappointed many at the time, his last BBC series in 1961 contains some of his best-remembered work (including "The Blood Donor" and "The Radio Ham"). After breaking with his scriptwriters Ray Galton and Alan Simpson later that year, his career declined.

Across his career, Hancock twice won the BAFTA Award for Light Entertainment Artist in 1958 and 1960. He was later nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles for his performance in The Rebel (1961).
Stanislav Shvedov
Stanislav Shvedov (Станислав Шведов, born 24 November 1998) is a Kazakhstani water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

His father Alexandr represented Kazakhstan in water polo at three Olympics (2000, 2004, 2012).

Water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament of water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics at Tokyo, Japan began on 25 July and ended on 8 August 2021. It was held at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. It was the 27th official appearance of the tournament, which was not held in 1896 and was a demonstration sport in 1904 but otherwise had been held at every Olympics.

On 24 March 2020, the Olympics were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Because of this pandemic, the games are played behind closed doors.

Serbia won their second consecutive gold medal after a finals win over Greece, while Hungary captured the bronze medal.

The medals for the competition were presented by Nenad Lalović, IOC Executive Board Member; Serbia and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Andrey Kryukov, Kazakhstan; FINA Bureau Member.
Marsh Street
51°27′10.11″N 2°35′46.27″W﻿ / ﻿51.4528083°N 2.5961861°W﻿ / 51.4528083; -2.5961861

Marsh Street is a street in the city of Bristol, England.

Located in the historic city centre of Bristol, it runs in a northerly direction for about 200 yards from its junction with King Street and Prince Street to Clare Street.

The street is noted in the diary of Samuel Pepys as the birthplace of his maid and love interest Deb Willet.

In 1967, the Bristol and West building society built its then headquarters in Marsh Street. The building has since been converted to different use.

Samuel Pepys
Samuel Pepys FRS (/ˈpiːps/ PEEPS; 23 February 1633 – 26 May 1703) was an English writer and Tory politician. He served as an official in the Navy Board and Member of Parliament, but is most remembered today for the diary he kept for almost a decade. Though he had no maritime experience, Pepys rose to be the Chief Secretary to the Admiralty under both Charles II and James II through patronage, diligence, and his talent for administration. His influence and reforms at the English Admiralty were important in the early professionalisation of the Royal Navy.

The detailed private diary that Pepys kept from 1660 until 1669 was first published in the 19th century and is one of the most important primary sources of the Stuart Restoration. It provides a combination of personal revelation and eyewitness accounts of great events, such as the Great Plague of London, the Second Anglo-Dutch War and the Great Fire of London.
Kütahya District
Kütahya District (also: Merkez, meaning "central" in Turkish) is a district of the Kütahya Province of Turkey. Its seat is the city of Kütahya. Its area is 2,470 km2, and its population is 282,243 (2022).

Kütahya Province
Kütahya Province (Turkish: Kütahya ili) is a province in the Aegean region of Turkey. Its area is 11,634 km2, and its population is 580,701 (2022). In 1990, Kütahya had a population of 578,000.

The neighboring provinces are Bursa to the northwest, Bilecik to the northeast, Eskişehir to the east, Afyon to the southeast, Usak to the south, Manisa to the southwest and Balıkesir to the west.

The capital city of the province is Kütahya.
VU0155041
VU0155041 is an experimental drug that is a positive allosteric modulator for the glutamate receptor mGluR4. In animal studies it has anti-Parkinsonian action, reduces neuropathic pain such as allodynia, and counteracts the effects of opioid addiction.

Neuropathic pain
Neuropathic pain is pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Neuropathic pain may be associated with abnormal sensations called dysesthesia or pain from normally non-painful stimuli (allodynia). It may have continuous and/or episodic (paroxysmal) components. The latter resemble stabbings or electric shocks. Common qualities include burning or coldness, "pins and needles" sensations, numbness and itching.

Up to 7–8% of the European population is affected by neuropathic pain, and in 5% of persons it may be severe. The pain may result from disorders of the peripheral nervous system or the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Neuropathic pain may occur in isolation or in combination with other forms of pain. Medical treatments focus on identifying the underlying cause and relieving pain. In cases of peripheral neuropathy, the pain may progress to insensitivity.
Her Charity
"Her Charity" is the fourth single by Australian band Boom Crash Opera, released in 1987. It was the fourth single to be released from the band's self-title album. It peaked at number 32 on the Kent Music Report. The song is about Miss America Beauty pageants.

Kent Music Report
The Kent Music Report was a weekly record chart of Australian music singles and albums which was compiled by music historian David Kent from May 1974 through to January 1999. The chart was re-branded the Australian Music Report (AMR) in July 1987. From June 1988, the Australian Recording Industry Association, which had been using the top 50 portion of the report under licence since mid-1983, chose to produce their own listing as the ARIA Charts.

Before the Kent Report, Go-Set magazine published weekly Top 40 Singles from 1966, and albums chart from 1970 until the magazine's demise in August 1974.

David Kent later published Australian charts from 1940 to 1973 in a retrospective fashion, using state by state chart data obtained from various Australian radio stations.