hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kakrak Valley (Bamyan)
Karkak Valley (Dari: درهٔ ککرک) is a valley in central Afghanistan, located in Bamyan province, 120 km west of Kabul province.

The famous Buddhist mural named "The Hunter King" (7-8th centuries CE) shows a typically local royal figure seated on a throne, his bow and arrows on the side. He wears a triple-crescent crown which has been compared to the triple-crescent crowns on the coinage found in northeastern Afghanistan in the area of Zabulistan, such as a coin found in Ghazni. Late 7th to early 8th century CE. Other authors have attributed the triple-crescent crown to Hephthalite influence. The painting may be an allegory of a King abandoning violence, particularly the hunting of animals, and converting to Buddhism.

Zabulistan
Zabulistan (Persian: زابلستان, Zābolistān, Zāwulistān or simply زابل ), is an ancient and medieval name for a historical region that included mainly southern Afghanistan as well as southeastern Iran.

By the tenth century, Iranian sources mention Zabulistan as part of the Khorasan marches, a frontier region between Khorasan and India. In the Tarikh-i Sistan, finished around 1062 CE, the author regards Zabol as part of the land of Sistan, stretching from the Hamun Oasis all the way to the Indus River.

Today, the Afghan province of Zabul and the Iranian city of Zabol take their names from the historical region. Zabulistan has become popularized as the birthplace of the character Rostam of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, in which the word "Zabulistan" is used interchangeably with "Sistan", which is the same historical region, located in present-day southern Afghanistan (Nimruz, Helmand, Zabul and Kandahar) and some parts of Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan Province).
Amy Elkins
Amy Elkins (born 1979) is an American photographer based in California. She received her Bachelor of Fine Arts in photography from the School of Visual Arts in New York City.
Her photographs are formal portraits, through which she captures intimacy while exploring masculinity, vulnerability, and identity. Elkins has several series including Elegant Violence, Danseur, Wallflower, Parting Words, and Black is the Day, Black is the Night. In 2014 she won the Aperture Portfolio Prize for her series Parting Words, a collection of black and white portraits of men and women who have been executed. Since 2005 Elkins has used incarceration as a theme. In 2020 Elkins was awarded a Cadogan Art Award presented by the SOMArts Cultural Center and the San Francisco Foundation.

San Francisco Foundation
San Francisco Foundation is a San Francisco Bay Area philanthropy organization. It is one of the largest community foundations in the United States. Its mission is to mobilize community leaders, nonprofits, government agencies, and donors to advance racial equity, diversity, and economic inclusion. It focuses on social justice, community building, access to affordable housing, political action, policy change, workers' rights, employment opportunity, and civic leadership. Its current CEO is Fred Blackwell Jr.
Daina Levy
Daina Levy (born 27 May 1993) is a Jamaican hammer thrower. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the women's hammer throw event; her result in the qualifying round did not qualify her for the final.

Levy was born in Canada and represented Canada at the 2010 World Junior Championships in Athletics, but she later changed allegiance to Jamaica as both her parents were from Jamaica. She was an All-American for the Kansas Jayhawks track and field team, finishing 3rd in the weight throw at the 2016 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships.

Outdoor

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's hammer throw
The women's hammer throw competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The event was held at the Olympic Stadium on 12–15 August. Each athlete received three throws in the qualifying round. All who achieved the qualifying distance progressed to the final. Each finalist was allowed three throws in last round, with the top eight athletes after that point being given three further attempts.

The winning margin was a huge 5.54 metres which with the conclusion of the 2024 Paris Olympics remains the only time the women's hammer has been won by more than two metres at the Olympics.
Thorpe Thewles railway station
Thorpe Thewles railway station was a stop on the Castle Eden branch of the North Eastern Railway (NER) from 1880 to 1931. It was located approximately 5 miles north of Stockton and was designed to serve the village of Thorpe Thewles and the civil parish of Grindon in Stockton-on-Tees, part of the Ceremonial County of Durham, North East England. Despite its name, the station was actually located further from the village of Thorpe Thewles than Carlton station (later Redmarshall) on the main line of the Clarence Railway.

Grindon, County Durham
Grindon is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Grindon and Thorpe Thewles, in the Stockton-on-Tees district, in the ceremonial county of Durham, England. The civil parish population at the census 2001 was 2,603 reducing to 2,484 at the 2011 Census. In the 2021 census, the population of Grindon and Thorpe Thewles parish, now no longer including Wynyard, was 940. It is situated between Sedgefield and Stockton-on-Tees, near to Thorpe Thewles and Thorpe Larches.

The place name of "Grindon" is derived from the word 'dun', which meant hill. Grindon is situated in the Upland Fells, formed of Carboniferous millstone grit. "The alternating strata of harder and softer rocks give a stepped profile to many dale sides and distinctive flat-topped summits to the higher fells."
Hollandsche Rading railway station
Hollandsche Rading is a Dutch railway station located along the railway line Hilversum - Utrecht, near the town of Hollandsche Rading and immediately west of the A27 motorway. The station was opened on 1 June 1885.

The railway station is located exactly on the border of two provinces. Platform 1, for the southbound trains (Utrecht-bound), lies in the province of Utrecht, while platform 2, for the northbound (Hilversum-bound) trains, is located in North Holland.

Hollandsche Rading can be translated in Dutch to Holland Border as in North Holland going into Utrecht.

A27 motorway (Netherlands)
The A27 motorway is a motorway in the Netherlands. It is approximately 109 kilometers in length.

The A27 is located in the Dutch provinces North Brabant, South Holland, Utrecht, North Holland, and Flevoland. It connects the city of Breda with Almere. On its way, it passes the cities of Gorinchem, Utrecht and Hilversum.
Dirina indica
Dirina indica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is found on the west coast of India (Gujarat), the southern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in Yemen, and on Socotra Island, where it grows on the bark of various trees and shrubs.

Socotra
Socotra, locally known as Saqatri, is a Yemeni island in the Indian Ocean. It is situated between the Gulf of Aden, the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, and lies near major shipping routes. The largest of the six islands in the Socotra archipelago, it comprises around 95% of the landmass of the archipelago. It lies 380 kilometres (205 nautical miles) south of the Arabian Peninsula and 232 km (125 nmi) east of the Horn of Africa. The inhabitants of the island are called Socotrans, and they speak Arabic and Soqotri.

Socotra is home to a high number of unique species that are endemic. Up to a third of its plant life is unique. Due to the island's unusual geography, it has been described as "the most alien-looking place on Earth". The island measures 132 km (82 mi) in length and 42 km (26 mi) across at its widest. In 2008, Socotra was recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Alexandre François Malbranche
Alexandre François Malbranche (6 April 1818, Bernay, Eure – 16 May 1888, Rouen) was a French pharmacist, botanist and mycologist. He is known for his botanical and mycological studies associated with Normandy,

He received his education in Rouen, where he subsequently spent his career as a pharmacist. He served as president of the Société des amis des sciences de Rouen, and for several years was a member of the Société botanique de France (1879–1888).

He was the author of treatises on lichens, fungi, teratology in plants, Darwinism and on the botanical genus Rubus. Between 1863 and 1869, he edited and distributed the exsiccata Lichens de la Normandie, préparés et classés d'après la méthode du Dr. Nylander. As a taxonomist, he co-circumscribed a number of Rubus species. The mycological genus Malbranchea was named in his honor by Pier Andrea Saccardo (1882).

Pier Andrea Saccardo
Pier Andrea Saccardo (23 April 1845 in Treviso, Treviso – 12 February 1920 in Padua) was an Italian botanist and mycologist. His multi-volume Sylloge Fungorum was one of the first attempts to produce a comprehensive list of identified fungi, using their spore-bearing structures for classification. He was elected to the Linnean Society in 1916 as a foreign member. He also authored a color classification system that he called Chromotaxia and contributed to the Italian translation of Charles Darwin's Insectivorous Plants.
Gao Hong
Gao Hong could be:

Gao Hong (composer) (Chinese: 高虹), a Chinese-American composer and performer of the Chinese pipa.

Gao Hong (painter) (Chinese: 高虹), a native of Xinle, Hebei, a Chinese oil painter.

Gao Hong (footballer) (Chinese: 高红), a Chinese former footballer.

Gao Hong (chemist) (Chinese: 高鸿), a native of Jingyang, Shaanxi, analytical chemist and educator, member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Gao Hong (politician) (Chinese: 高鸿), Vice-Chairman of the Anhui Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Xinle, Hebei
Xinle (simplified Chinese: 新乐; traditional Chinese: 新樂; pinyin: Xīnlè; lit. 'New Joy') is a county-level city of Hebei Province, North China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shijiazhuang.
Kokra (settlement)
Kokra (pronounced [ˈkoːkɾa]; German: Kanker) is a settlement scattered along a 10-kilometer (6.2 mi) stretch of the road from Kranj to Jezersko Peak in the Kokra Valley in the Municipality of Preddvor in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
Ada Itúrrez de Cappellini
Ada Rosa del Valle Itúrrez de Cappellini is an Argentine Justicialist Party politician. She was a National Senator for Santiago del Estero Province from 2007 to 2019, elected for the Civic Front for Santiago and supporting the majority block of the Front for Victory.

Cappellini served as Mayor of Villa Ojo de Agua, a position later held by her husband. She then served as a provincial deputy. In the provincial legislature she led the Bases Populares block. In 2007 Cappellini was elected to the Argentine Senate for the Civic Front of Santiago, a front formed in 2005 by Radicals and Peronists. She and her fellow Civic Front senator Emilio Rached form their own block but support the Kirchners' Front for Victory.

Argentine Senate
The Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) or Senate, officially the Honorable Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Honorable Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) is the upper house of the National Congress of Argentina.
William MacPherson (priest)
William Stuart MacPherson (30 September 1901 –  7 July 1978) was an eminent Anglican priest in the second half of the 20th century.

He was born in Leeds, Yorkshire, the fourth of five sons of Henry MacPherson, an electrical engineer, and Lilly Hallewell MacPherson. He also had a younger sister, Eileen. His brother Alfred Sinclair MacPherson married writer Margaret Kendall while his brother Henry Douglas MacPherson was killed in the First World War. He was educated at Sedbergh and Pembroke College, Cambridge. Ordained in 1932 he began his career with a curacy at Richmond, Yorkshire after which he was a Minor Canon at Ripon Cathedral. When World War II came he was a chaplain in the RNVR. Later he was Rector then Archdeacon of Richmond. In 1954, he was appointed Dean of Lichfield, a post he held for 15 years.

He died in Honiton, Devon, aged 76.

Pembroke College, Cambridge
Pembroke College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. The college is the third-oldest college of the university and has over 700 students and fellows. It is one of the university's larger colleges, with buildings from almost every century since its founding, as well as extensive gardens. Its members are termed "Valencians". The college's Master is the art historian Rosalind Polly Blakesley.

Pembroke has a level of academic performance among the highest of all the Cambridge colleges; in 2013, 2014, 2016, and 2018 Pembroke was placed second in the Tompkins Table. Pembroke contains the first chapel designed by Sir Christopher Wren and is one of only six Cambridge colleges to have educated a British prime minister, in Pembroke's case William Pitt the Younger. The college library, with a Victorian neo-gothic clock tower, has an original copy of the first encyclopaedia to contain printed diagrams.
Doura
For the town in Guinea see Doura, Guinea; for the Palestinian town in Hebron, see Dura, Hebron; for the neighborhood in Baghdad, see Dora, Baghdad.

Doura is a village and seat of the commune of N'Koumandougou in the Ségou Cercle in the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali.

Ségou Region
Ségou Region (Bambara: ߛߋߓߎ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Segu Dineja) is an administrative region in Mali, situated in the centre of the country with an area of 64,821 km2 (25,028 sq mi), around 5% of Mali. The region is bordered by Sikasso Region on the south, Tombouctou and Mopti on the east, Burkina Faso to the southeast and the Koulikoro Region to the west. In 2009 it had 2,336,255 inhabitants, making it the second most populous region of Mali. Its administrative capital is the town of Ségou.
Stephen P. Marks
Stephen P. Marks is an American scientist who is currently the François-Xavier Bagnoud Professor Emeritus of Health and Human Rights at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.He is the founding dean of the Jindal School of Public Health and Human Development (JSPH) at O.P. Jindal Global University, India.

Association François-Xavier Bagnoud
Association François-Xavier Bagnoud, is an international development organization aimed at providing support for communities affected by AIDS and poverty. The organization was founded in 1989 by Albina du Boisrouvray.
School-related gender-based violence
School-related gender-based violence (SRGBV) can be defined as acts or threats of sexual, physical or psychological violence happening in and around schools. This type of violence is due to gender norms and stereotypes. It can include verbal abuse, bullying, sexual abuse, harassment and other types of violence. SRGBV is widely spread around the world and is common in many societies. Millions of children and families suffer from this type of violence. Incidents related to SRGBV has been reported in all countries and regions of the world.

Violence
Violence is characterized as the use of physical force by humans to cause harm to other living beings, such as pain, injury, disablement, death, damage and destruction. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation"; it recognizes the need to include violence not resulting in injury or death.
Middle Awash Project
The Middle Awash Project is an international research expedition conducted in the Afar Region of Ethiopia with the goal of determining the origins of humanity. The project has the approval of the Ethiopian Culture Ministry and a strong commitment to developing Ethiopian archaeology, paleontology and geology research infrastructure. This project has discovered over 260 fossil specimens and over 17,000 vertebrate fossil specimens to date ranging from 200,000 to 6,000,000 years in age. Researchers have discovered the remains of four hominin species, the  earliest subspecies of homo sapiens as well as stone tools. All specimens are permanently held at the National Museum of Ethiopia, where the project's laboratory work is conducted year round.

Afar Region
The Afar Region (/ˈɑːfɑːr/; Afar: Qafar Rakaakayak; Amharic: ዓፋር ክልል), formerly known as Region 2, is a regional state in northeastern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Afar people. Its capital is the planned city of Semera, which lies on the paved Awash–Assab highway. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north and Djibouti to the northeast; it also shares regional borders with the Tigray, Amhara, Oromo and Somali regions.

The Afar Triangle, the northern part of which is the Danakil Depression, is part of the Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia, and is located in the north of the region. It has the lowest point in Ethiopia and one of the lowest in Africa. The southern part of the region consists of the valley of the Awash River, which empties into a string of lakes along the Djibouti–Ethiopia border. Other notable landmarks include the Awash National Park.

Afar Region is a developing region of Ethiopia with a high rate of fertility.
The Lazarus Syndrome
The Lazarus Syndrome is a 1979 American made-for-television drama thriller film directed by Jerry Thorpe. It was later the basis for a weekly television series of the same name, airing on the ABC network.

Jerry Thorpe
Richard Jerome Thorpe (August 29, 1926 – September 25, 2018) was an American television-and-film director and producer. Actor and director Richard Thorpe was his father.

Thorpe served as the executive producer of 33 episodes of The Untouchables (starring Robert Stack) during the series's second season (1960–61). Thorpe also served as executive producer of Harry O, the 1973-75 David Janssen TV series.

Thorpe won an Emmy award for his work on an episode of Kung Fu. In 2003, a Golden Palm Star on the Palm Springs, California, Walk of Stars was dedicated to him and his father.

Thorpe died in Santa Barbara, California, at the age of 92 from natural causes. He was buried at Desert Memorial Park in Cathedral City, California.
Keith William Morton
Keith William Morton (born 28 May 1930, Ipswich, Suffolk, England) is a British mathematician working on partial differential equations, and their numerical analysis.

He obtained his Ph.D. in 1964 under the supervision of Harold Grad at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University.

In 2010, he was awarded the De Morgan Medal.

Harold Grad
Harold Grad (January 23, 1923 in New York City – November 17, 1986) was an American applied mathematician. His work specialized in the application of statistical mechanics to plasma physics and magnetohydrodynamics.
Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Provence
Ramon Berenguer III or IV (c. 1158 – 5 April 1181), born Peter, was the count of Cerdanya (1162–1168) and count of Provence (1173–1181).

He was the third son of Count Raymond Berengar IV of Barcelona and Queen Petronilla of Aragon. He received Cerdanya, including Carcassonne and Narbonne, on his father's death, but relinquished it to his younger brother Sancho in 1168. He never did govern his inherited territories. In 1173, his elder brother, Alfonso, granted him Provence.

In 1176, he joined Sancho in conquering Nice from Genoa. He then ventured to war with the lords of Languedoc and the count of Toulouse. He was assassinated on 5 April 1181 by the men of Adhemar of Murviel near Montpellier. Provence passed to his brother Sancho.

Count of Toulouse
The count of Toulouse  (Occitan: comte de Tolosa, French: comte de Toulouse) was the ruler of Toulouse during the 8th to 13th centuries. Originating as vassals of the Frankish kings, 
the hereditary counts ruled the city of Toulouse and its surrounding county from the late 9th century until 1270.  The counts and other family members were also at various times counts of Quercy, Rouergue, Albi, and Nîmes, and sometimes margraves (military defenders of the Holy Roman Empire) of Septimania and Provence.   
Count Raymond IV founded the Crusader state of Tripoli, and his descendants were also counts there.
They reached the zenith of their power during  the 11th and 12th centuries, but after the Albigensian Crusade the county fell to the kingdom of France, nominally in 1229 and de facto in 1271.

Later the title was revived for Louis Alexandre, Count of Toulouse, a bastard of Louis XIV (1678–1737).
Cora caucensis
Cora caucensis is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Bibiana Moncada, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet caucensis refers to Cauca, the province of the type locality. The lichen is known to occur only at this location, where it grows on the ground in paramo vegetation between grasses and bryophytes.

Cauca Department
Cauca Department (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkawka], Spanish: Departamento del Cauca) is a department of Southwestern Colombia. Located in the southwestern part of the country, facing the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Valle del Cauca Department to the north, Tolima Department to the northeast, Huila Department to the east, and Nariño Department to the south. Putumayo and Caqueta Departments border the southeast portion of Cauca Department as well. It covers a total area of 29,308 km2 (11,316 sq mi), the 13th largest in Colombia. Its capital is the city of Popayán. The offshore island of Malpelo belongs to the department. It is located in the southwest of the country, mainly in the Andean and Pacific regions (between 0°58′54″N and 3°19′04″N latitude, 75°47′36″W and 77°57′05″W longitude) plus a tiny part (Piamonte) in the Amazonian region. The area makes up 2.56% of the country.
Schismatorhynchos endecarhapis
Schismatorhynchos endecarhapis is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs. minnows and related fishes. This species is endemic to central Borneo where it occurs in the upper parts of the drainage basins of the Kapuas River and the Barito River in Kalimantan. It occurs in rivers with fast currents where the riverbed has gravel, stones or rocks.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').