hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Chester Ruth
William Chester Ruth (July 19, 1882 – April 3, 1971) was an African American machinist, business owner, and patented inventor who lived in Chester County and Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission dedicated a state historical marker in Ruth's honor in 2006.

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Lancaster County (/ˈlæŋkɪstər/), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 552,984, making it Pennsylvania's sixth-most populous county. Its county seat is also Lancaster. Lancaster County comprises the Lancaster metropolitan statistical area. Lancaster County is a tourist destination with its Amish community being a major attraction. The ancestors of the Amish began to immigrate to colonial Pennsylvania in the early 18th century to take advantage of the religious freedom offered by William Penn, as well as the area's rich soil and mild climate. They were joined by French Huguenots fleeing the religious persecution of Louis XIV. There were also significant numbers of English, Welsh and Ulster Scots (also known as the Scotch-Irish in the colonies). The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Beysehir nase
The Beysehir nase (Chondrostoma beysehirense) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. The species is found only in Turkey and is restricted to three streams flowing into Lake Beysehir, where it also occurs, in central Anatolia.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Double Discount
Double Discount (foaled 1973 in California) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who on October 9, 1977 set a new world record time of 1:57 2/5 for 1 1/4 miles on turf in winning the Carleton F. Burke Handicap at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. A Bay gelding, Double Discount was sired by Nodouble and out of the mare, General Store.

Bred and raced by Ken Schiffer's Hat Ranch West, Double Discount was trained by Mel Stute. He retired from racing having won nine of his starts and with earnings of US$520,939.

World record
A world record is usually the best global and most important performance that is ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill, sport, or other kind of activity. The book Guinness World Records and other world records organizations collates and publishes notable records of many.
90th Light Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
The 90th Light Infantry Division was a light infantry division of the German Army during World War II that served in North Africa as well as Sardinia and Italy. The division played a major role in most of the actions against the British Eighth Army in the Western Desert Campaign and eventually surrendered to the Allies in the final stages of the Tunisia Campaign in May 1943. It was re-constituted later in 1943 and deployed to Sardinia and when the expected Allied invasion of Sardinia failed to materialise, the division was moved to Italy. It was engaged in actions against the Allies in Italy from 1943 to April 1945 when the division was listed as "destroyed" in the Po River valley.

Light infantry
Light infantry refers to certain types of lightly equipped infantry throughout history. They have a more mobile or fluid function than other types of infantry, such as heavy infantry or line infantry. Historically, light infantry often fought as scouts, raiders, and skirmishers. These are loose formations that fight ahead of the main army to harass, delay, disrupt supply lines, engage the enemy's own skirmishing forces, and generally "soften up" an enemy before the main battle. Light infantrymen were also often responsible for screening the main body of a military formation.

Following World War II, the term "light infantry" has evolved to include rapid-deployment units (including commando and airborne units) that emphasize speed and mobility over armor and firepower. Some units or battalions that historically held a skirmishing role retain their designation "light infantry" for the sake of tradition.
Meads Cup
The Meads Cup is a rugby union trophy named after King Country and All Blacks player Colin Meads. It is contested during the Heartland Championship. It was first awarded in 2006, when the Heartland Championship format was introduced.

King Country Rugby Football Union
The King Country Rugby Football Union is a constituent union in the New Zealand Rugby Union. It is located in the central North Island of New Zealand in an area known as the King Country. It was formed in 1922 when the South Auckland Rugby Union was split into three (the other two Unions formed were Waikato and Thames Valley).
Minalungao National Park
Minalungao National Park is a protected area of the Philippines located in the municipality of General Tinio, Nueva Ecija, near its Boundary with Doña Remedios Trinidad, Bulacan. The park covers an area of 2,018 hectares centered along the scenic Peñaranda River bordered on both sides by up to 16-meter high limestone walls in the foothills of the Sierra Madre mountain range. It was established in 1967 by virtue of Republic Act No. 5100.

The park is considered one of the few remaining natural environments in this region north of Manila. It is promoted by the local government as an ecotourism destination offering breath-taking scenery of green pristine river and unique rock formations. A system of unexplored caverns have also been identified as potential attractions. Facilities for picnics, swimming, fishing, raft riding and cliff diving have likewise been put up to draw more visitors.

Doña Remedios Trinidad
Doña Remedios Trinidad, officially the Municipality of Doña Remedios Trinidad (Tagalog: Bayan ng Doña Remedios Trinidad), known by its acronym as DRT, is a  municipality in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 30,064 people, making it the least populated municipality in the province.
1936 Hong Kong municipal election
The 1936 Hong Kong Urban Council election was supposed to be held on 13 January 1936 for one of the two unofficial seats in the Urban Council of Hong Kong. It was supposed to be the first election after the Sanitary Board was reconstituted into the Urban Council.

Dr. Chau Sik-nin, who later became the Senior Unofficial Member of the Executive and Legislative Council, was elected without being contested.

Executive Council of Hong Kong
22°16′53″N 114°09′54″E﻿ / ﻿22.281487°N 114.165089°E﻿ / 22.281487; 114.165089

The Executive Council of Hong Kong (ExCo) is the cabinet of the Government of Hong Kong, acting as a formal body of advisers to the Chief Executive of Hong Kong that serves as a core policy-making organ assisting the chief executive. It is analogous to other Executive Councils in the Commonwealth such as the Federal Executive Council of Australia, the Executive Council of New Zealand, and the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.

Under the presidency of the chief executive, the executive council consists of 21 Official Members (the most senior of these being the Chief Secretary of Hong Kong, head of the Government Secretariat and chair of the Policy Committee), and 16 Non-official Members (also known as ministers without portfolio who are normally leading legislators from pro-establishment political parties) headed by the Convenor of the Non-official Members. The Council normally meets once a week.
Sherwin James
Sherwin Eric James (born 6 June 1978) is a retired track and field Olympic athlete who represented Dominica.

He competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the men's 200 metres where he finished eighth in his heat so failing to advance, he also competed at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics and 2001 World Championships in Athletics.

2001 World Championships in Athletics
The 8th World Championships in Athletics, under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held at Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada between 3 and 12 August 2001 and was the first time the event had visited North America. The music for the Opening and Closing Ceremonies was composed by Canadian composers Jan Randall and Cassius Khan. The ceremonies also featured a thousand-strong voice choir, and the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra.

Edmonton defeated bids from Paris, France (which hosted the next edition) and the San Francisco Bay Area in the United States to host the event. Edmonton had previously hosted the 1978 Commonwealth Games and the 1983 Summer Universiade.
ESP SV
The ESP SV is a series of electric guitars produced by ESP.

The ESP SV is a series that is only produced for the Japanese and European market. Notable users of models in the SV Series include Alexi Laiho of Children of Bodom, Kai Hansen of Gamma Ray, Mike Spreitzer of DevilDriver, and Circuit.V.Panther formerly of Sex Machineguns. The ESP SV design is similar to that of the Jackson Randy Rhoads; distinguishing features are the tummy cut on the rear of the guitar and hand cutout where the neck joins the body (the SV is also larger than the Randy Rhoads).

Products in the series include:

ESP SV Standard

ESP SV-I Standard NT

ESP SV-II Standard

ESP SV-285

ESP SV-320

Sex Machineguns
Sex Machineguns (stylized as SEX MACHINEGUNS) is a Japanese heavy metal band formed in 1989. Their music is characterized by a heavy focus on bass as well as extremely fast guitar and bass solos. The band uses the image of "shock rockers" by wearing crazy, exotic outfits like visual kei bands, although this image has been toned down, especially since 2003 when the long-term bassist Noisy left the band. The lyrics feature very off-beat and non-serious themes (the superior quality of Satsuma fruits in Ehime prefecture, minor annoyance in family restaurants, etc.). In addition to their image and attitude, they also exhibit technical skill on their instruments.
James H. Ledlie
James Hewett Ledlie (April 14, 1832 – August 15, 1882) was a civil engineer for American railroads and a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He is best known for his dereliction of duty at the Battle of the Crater during the Siege of Petersburg.

Dereliction of duty in American law
Dereliction of duty is a specific offense under United States Code Title 10, Section 892, Article 92 and applies to all branches of the US military. A service member who is derelict has willfully refused to perform their duties (or follow a given order) or has incapacitated themselves in such a way that they cannot perform their duties. Such incapacitation includes the offender falling asleep while on duty requiring wakefulness, them getting drunk or otherwise intoxicated and consequently being unable to perform their duties, shooting themselves and thus being unable to perform any duty, or his vacating their post contrary to regulations.
Yusoff Ismail
Yusoff bin Haji Ismail (born 2 July 1952) is a Bruneian politician and diplomat who was the Deputy Minister of Education from 2010 to 2015, and the Ambassador of Brunei to Saudi Arabia from 2016 to 2024.

Batu Satu
Batu Satu, also known as Kampong Parit, is an area in Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of Brunei. It is also a designated village in Brunei-Muara District, within Mukim Kianggeh. The population was 1,509 in 2016. It encompasses a commercial area of the capital.
1988 Stockholm municipal election
The Stockholm municipal election of 1988 was held on 18 September 1988 concurrently with the 1988 Swedish parliamentary election.  This election used a party-list proportional representation system to allocate the 101 seats of the Stockholm City Council (Stockholms stadsfullmäktige) amongst the various Swedish political parties.  Voter turnout was 81.4%.

The Swedish Centre Party returned to the Stockholm City Council this year after dismal results in 1985 deprived them of a mandate.

This election is the fourth in which the Stockholm Party succeeded in winning seats on the Stockholm City Council.  It marks the high-water mark of the Stockholm Party's electoral success.

Stockholm Party
The Stockholm Party (Swedish: Stockholmspartiet) is a Political Party in Sweden, registered for the Municipal and County Council elections. It was founded in 1979 and was represented in the Stockholm city council from 1979-2002. It failed to reach enough votes to return in the elections of 2006.

The Party has a political base of issues concerning the capital Stockholm, such as traffic. It has traditionally often had a role of balancing the power between the two major political blocs in Sweden, but it currently follows a centre-right political agenda.
Orchardleigh Lake
Orchardleigh Lake (also spelt Orchardlea) (grid reference ST779508) is an 11.23-hectare artificial lake in the grounds of the Orchardleigh Estate, just north of Frome, Somerset, England. It was formed by damming a tributary of the River Frome. Today, the lake is used for angling and birdwatching.

There is a small island towards the western side of lake where St Mary's Church can be found. It was built in the 13th century, and underwent extensive renovation by Sir George Gilbert Scott in 1878. It has been designated as a Grade I listed building. Weddings are often performed at the church, which has capacity for 120 guests. It is reached from the lakeside via a footbridge, and a public footpath runs nearby over another bridge across the lake.

There are two lakes: a small one overlooked by the island church, and a much larger one approximately 150 metres away through a wooded area to the east, which has a stone-built boathouse.

Rights of way in England and Wales
In England and Wales, excluding the 12 Inner London boroughs and the City of London, the right of way is a legally protected right of the public to pass and re-pass on specific paths. Private rights of way or easements also exist.

The law in England and Wales differs from Scots law in that rights of way exist only where they are so designated (or are able to be designated if not already), whereas in Scotland any route that meets certain conditions is defined as a right of way, and in addition, there is a general presumption of access to the countryside (the "right to roam").
Jim Alder
James Noel Carroll Alder MBE (born 10 June 1940) is a British former distance runner.

Alder, who was born in Glasgow, was a foster child. His mother died of tuberculosis and his father was killed on the last day of World War II. He moved to Morpeth, north of Newcastle, and became interested in running.

1970 British Commonwealth Games
The 1970 British Commonwealth Games were held in Edinburgh, Scotland, from 16 to 25 July 1970. This was the first time the name British Commonwealth Games was adopted, the first time metric units rather than imperial units were used in all events, and also the first time the event was held in Scotland.

Also, the event saw the first unique Games trademark logo: an emblem showing the Games emblem intertwined with a St Andrews Cross and a thistle. The event was followed by the 1970 Commonwealth Paraplegic Games for wheelchair athletes. The 1970 Games was one of the most successful in the history of the event.
Ortiz
Ortiz (pronounced [oɾˈtiθ]) is a Spanish-language patronymic surname meaning "son of Orti". "Orti" seems to be disputed in meaning, deriving from either Basque, Latin fortis meaning "brave, strong", or Latin fortunius meaning "fortunate". Officials of the Spanish Inquisition in Toledo, Spain, wrote in the 1590s that "this surname Ortiz, although they have few sanbenitos, is in this city a very converso lineage and surname".

Sanbenito
The sanbenito (Spanish: sambenito; Catalan: gramalleta, sambenet, Portuguese: sambenito) was a penitential garment that was used especially during the Portuguese and Spanish Inquisitions. It was similar to a scapular, either yellow with red saltires for penitent heretics or black and decorated with devils and flames for impenitent heretics to wear at an auto-da-fé (meaning 'act of faith').
Vauzelles station
Vauzelles is a railway station in Varennes-Vauzelles, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France. The station is located on the Moret-Lyon railway. The station is served by regional trains (TER Bourgogne-Franche-Comté) towards Cosne-sur-Loire and Nevers.

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (French pronunciation: [buʁɡɔɲ fʁɑ̃ʃ kɔ̃te] ⓘ; lit. 'Burgundy-Free County', sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: Borgogne-Franche-Comtât) is a region in northeastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region came into existence on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections of December 2015, electing 100 members to the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region covers an area of 47,783 km2 (18,449 sq mi) and eight departments; it had a population of 2,811,423 in 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Dijon, although the regional council sits in Besançon, making Bourgogne-Franche-Comté one of two regions in France (along with Normandy) in which the prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council.
Thomas Stockdale (MP for Knaresborough)
Thomas Stockdale  of Bilton Park (died 25 December 1653) supported the Parliamentary cause during the English Civil War, and sat as a member for Knaresborough in the Long Parliament from 1645. He was also a Yorkshire magistrate, who was closely allied to the Fairfaxs and  was a bailiff or agent for Lord Fairfax.

Stockdale married Margaret, second daughter of Sir William Parsons, an Elizabethan commissioner of plantations in Ireland. they had issue that included Elizabeth (d. 25 October 1694).

Knaresborough (UK Parliament constituency)
Knaresborough was a parliamentary constituency which returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain and the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1868, and then one MP until its abolition in 1885.
Open Sound System
The Open Sound System (OSS) is an interface for making and capturing sound in Unix and Unix-like operating systems.  It is based on standard Unix devices system calls (i.e. POSIX read, write, ioctl, etc.). The term also sometimes refers to the software in a Unix kernel that provides the OSS interface; it can be thought of as a device driver (or a collection of device drivers) for sound controller hardware. The goal of OSS is to allow the writing of sound-based applications that are agnostic of the underlying sound hardware.

OSS was created by Hannu Savolainen and is distributed under four license options, three of which are free software licences, thus making OSS free software.

Ioctl
In computing, ioctl (an abbreviation of input/output control) is a system call for device-specific input/output operations and other operations which cannot be expressed by read/write/seek regular file semantics. It takes a parameter specifying a request code; the effect of a call depends completely on the request code. Request codes are often device-specific. For instance, a CD-ROM device driver which can instruct a physical device to eject a disc would provide an ioctl request code to do so. Device-independent request codes are sometimes used to give userspace access to kernel functions which are only used by core system software or still under development.

The ioctl system call first appeared in Version 7 of Unix under that name. It is supported by most Unix and Unix-like systems, including Linux and macOS, though the available request codes differ from system to system. Microsoft Windows provides a similar function, named "DeviceIoControl", in its Win32 API.
Roman Slobodjan
Roman Slobodjan (born January 1, 1975) is a German chess grandmaster since 1996, and an International master since 1993. Slobodjan won the 1995 World Junior Chess Championship (under 20).

He was twice the Under-20 German Champion- in 1992 in Augsburg, and in 1994 in Herborn.

In the August 2023 FIDE list, he has an Elo rating of 2445. His highest rating was 2575 (in July 1998).

Herborn, Hesse
Herborn (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛʁbɔʁn] ⓘ) is a historic town on the Dill in the Lahn-Dill district of Hesse in Germany. Before World War I, it was granted its own title as Nassauisches Rothenburg. The symbol or mascot of this town is a bear. Scenic attractions include its half-timbered houses; Herborn is located on the German Timber-Frame Road. Herborn hosted the 26th Hessentag state festival in 1986, and the 56th Hessentag in 2016.
Suminter India Organics
Suminter India Organics is an Indian multinational supplier of organic products, founded in 2003. In 2016, Suminter was working with over 20,000 farmers in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Kerala, Uttarakhand, and Rajasthan, covering 110,000 acres (450 km2) of land under organic cultivation.

Organic product
An organic product is made from materials produced by organic agriculture. Most well known organic products are organic food items, however clothing and personal care items can also be made with organic agriculture.

Many countries have strict consumer safety regulations to protect consumers from consuming harmful products. These agencies often certify cultivated products as organic. The United States uses USDA certification through the National Organic Program to define products as organic. According to USDA, in order for a product to be considered organic, several standards must be met. The National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances details synthetic and non-synthetic substances that can be used in the process of producing organic products. Operations involving these organic products must be "protecting natural resources, conserving biodiversity, and using only approved substances."
Nattika
Nattika is a small village in Thrissur district of Kerala state, South India. It is centrally located about 25 km from Thrissur, Kodungallur, Irinjalakuda, Chavakkad, Kunnamkulam and Guruvayur. Nattika is beside the Arabian Sea. There is a beach in this village called Nattika Beach. Nattika Beach was previously known as Attakuzhi Bandhar Kadapuram. Nattika is on the west coast of Thrissur. Conolly Canal is the eastern border of Nattika. There is a private bus stand in Thriprayar. Nattika is 60 km away from Cochin International Airport and 25 km away from Thrissur railway station. Modern transportation and better communication facilities are available in the village. This is an assembly constituency.

Kunnamkulam
Kunnamkulam Malayalam: [kun̪ːəm kuɭ̺ːəm] is a municipal town located in the Thrissur District of Kerala, India, with historical origins tracing back to the Paleolithic age. Its strategic location and excellent connectivity make it an important economic and cultural node, linking the southern regions of Kerala with North Malabar, and serving as a crucial point for travel and trade. Kunnamkulam is situated approximately—Thrissur (22 km south), Kochi (90 km south), and Palakkad (80 km northeast) and 8 km from the renowned pilgrimage centre of Guruvayur.