hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kyle Nunataks
The Kyle Nunataks (66°47′S 51°20′E﻿ / ﻿66.783°S 51.333°E﻿ / -66.783; 51.333) are three nunataks 2.5 nautical miles (5 km) east of Mount Hampson, in the northern part of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. They were plotted from air photos taken from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956, and were named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for J.T. Kyle, a member of the crew of the Discovery during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition, 1929–31.

Mount Hampson
Mount Hampson is a mountain 1 nautical mile (2 km) north of Mount Rhodes, in the northern part of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. It was plotted from air photos taken from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for R.V. Hampson, a member of the crew of the Discovery during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition of 1929–31.
1 Samuel 5
1 Samuel 5 is the fifth chapter of the First Book of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the first part of the Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible. According to Jewish tradition  the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan, but modern scholars view it as a composition of a number of independent texts of various ages from c. 630–540 BCE. This chapter describes how the Ark of Covenant was taken by the Philistines, a part of the "Ark Narrative" (1 Samuel 4:1–7:1) within a section concerning the life of Samuel (1 Samuel 1:1–7:17).

Samuel
Samuel is a figure who, in the narratives of the Hebrew Bible, plays a key role in the transition from the biblical judges to the United Kingdom of Israel under Saul, and again in the monarchy's transition from Saul to David. He is venerated as a prophet in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In addition to his role in the Jewish Bible/Old Testament, Samuel is mentioned in Jewish rabbinical literature, in the Christian New Testament, and in the second chapter of the Quran (although the text does not mention him by name). He is also treated in the fifth through seventh books of Antiquities of the Jews, written by the Jewish scholar Josephus in the first century. He is first called "the Seer" in 1 Samuel 9:9.
2008 State Basketball League season
The 2008 State Basketball League season was the 20th season of the State Basketball League (SBL). The regular season began on Friday 28 March and ended on Saturday 2 August. The finals began on Friday 8 August and concluded with the women's grand final on Friday 5 September and the men's grand final on Saturday 6 September.

NBL1 West Most Valuable Player Award
The NBL1 West Most Valuable Player (MVP) is an annual NBL1 West award given to the best performing player of the regular season. Known as the State Basketball League (SBL) MVP from 1989 to 2019, the SBL was rebranded to NBL1 West in 2021.

In 2022, the Women's MVP award was named in honour of Casey Mihovilovich after she broke the league's all-time games record.
Mohammad Yaqoob Shah
Pir Syed Mohammad Yaqoob Shah (Urdu: پیر سید محمد یقوب شاہ) was a Pakistani Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab. He was a spiritual leader, religious scholar and one of the leading members of the Sunni Islam community in the Gujrat and Mandi Bahauddin regions of Pakistan. He was elected as Member of Provincial Assembly (MPA) in the 1990 Pakistani general election, but died soon after in 1991. His elder son, Pir Syed Muhammad Binyamin Rizvi was elected in the by-elections held to fill the vacant seat.

Mandi Bahauddin
Mandi Bahauddin (Punjabi / Urdu: مَنْڈی بَہَاءُ الدِّین, romanized: manḍī bahā-ud-dīn Punjabi: [mɐ̃ɳˈɖiː ˈbä˥ʊ̯˩d̪ˑiːnᵊ]; Urdu: [mə̃nˈɖiː ˈbəɦɑːʊ̯d̪.d̪iːn]) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan. It is also called "The City of Lions". It is also the capital of Mandi Bahauddin District. It is the 43rd most populous city in Pakistan, according to the 2023 census. The city is about 220 metres above sea level and is located between the rivers Jhelum (north 12 km) and Chenab (south 39 km).

The name of the town originates from two sources, Mandi was a prefix because it was a grain market and Bahauddin was a Sufi saint.
Convergent encryption
Convergent encryption, also known as content hash keying, is a cryptosystem that produces identical ciphertext from identical plaintext files.  This has applications in cloud computing to remove duplicate files from storage without the provider having access to the encryption keys.  The combination of deduplication and convergent encryption was described in a backup system patent filed by Stac Electronics in 1995.  This combination has been used by Farsite, Permabit, Freenet, MojoNation, GNUnet, flud, and the Tahoe Least-Authority File Store.

The system gained additional visibility in 2011 when cloud storage provider Bitcasa announced they were using convergent encryption to enable de-duplication of data in their cloud storage service.

Permabit
Permabit Technology Corporation was a private supplier of data reduction solutions to the computer data storage industry.

Red Hat had acquired the assets and technology of Permabit Technology Corporation in July 2017.
Royal Denbigh Rifles
The Denbighshire Militia, later the Royal Denbighshire Rifles was an auxiliary regiment reorganised in the Welsh county of Denbighshire during the 18th Century from earlier precursor units. Primarily intended for home defence, it provided a contingent for service in France in the closing stages of the Napoleonic War. After a series of short-lived mergers with other Welsh militia regiments it became part of the Royal Welsh Fusiliers, It served as a Special Reserve training unit in World War I. After 1921 the militia had only a shadowy existence until its final abolition in 1953.

Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire
This is an incomplete list of people who served as Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire in Wales. After 1733, all Lord Lieutenants were also Custos Rotulorum of Denbighshire. The office was abolished on 31 March 1974, being replaced by the Lord Lieutenant of Clwyd.
Lunan, Angus
Lunan is a hamlet in Angus, Scotland, in the parish of the same name, 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) south of Montrose. The hamlet overlooks Lunan Bay, which is itself also a hamlet, at the mouth of the Lunan Water. A 16th-century priest of Lunan church, which is in the hamlet of Lunan Bay, Walter Mill, was one of the last Scottish Protestant martyrs to be burned at St. Andrews. The church itself was rebuilt in 1844. The 15th-century Red Castle, so called from the red sandstone it is built from, is located 500 metres (1,600 ft) to the south of the hamlet, on the south bank of the Lunan Water.

Lunan was previously served by Lunan Bay railway station. Although the station has now closed, the line remains open as the Dundee–Aberdeen line.

Angus, Scotland
Angus (Scots: Angus; Scottish Gaelic: Aonghas) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. The council area borders Aberdeenshire, Dundee City and Perth and Kinross. Main industries include agriculture and fishing. Global pharmaceuticals company GSK has a significant presence in Montrose in the east of the county.

Angus was historically a province, and later a sheriffdom and county (called Forfarshire or the County of Forfar until 1928), bordering Kincardineshire to the north-east, Aberdeenshire to the north and Perthshire to the west; southwards it faced Fife across the Firth of Tay. The county included Dundee until 1894, when it was made a county of a city. The pre-1894 boundaries of Angus continue to be used as a registration county. Between 1975 and 1996 Angus was a lower-tier district within the Tayside region. The district took on its modern form and powers in 1996, since when the local authority has been Angus Council.
Hacienda Kancabchén (Halachó)
Hacienda Kancabchén was a farm in the Halachó Municipality in the state of Yucatán, Mexico. It is one of the properties that arose during the nineteenth century henequen boom. There are numerous other properties of this name in the Yucatán including Hacienda Kancabchén in Baca, Hacienda Kancabchén (Homún), Hacienda Kancabchén (Motul), Hacienda Kankabchén (Seyé), Hacienda Kankabchén (Tixkokob), Hacienda Kancabchén (Tunkás), Hacienda Kancabchén Ucí and Hacienda Kancabchén de Valencia.

Halachó Municipality
Halachó Municipality (Spanish pronunciation: [xa.laˈtʃo], in the Yucatec Maya language: “Place of the rat's wattle”) is a municipality in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing 671.91 km2 of land and located roughly 68 km southwest of the city of Mérida.
Lady Elizabeth
Lady Elizabeth is the name of two ships:

Lady Elizabeth (1869), an iron and timber barque wrecked off Rottnest Island in 1878

Lady Elizabeth (1879), an iron barque which was damaged off Cape Horn in 1913 and sunk at the Falkland Islands in 1936

Lady Elizabeth (1879)
Lady Elizabeth is a wrecked iron barque of 1,155 tons built by Robert Thompson Jr. of Southwick, Sunderland and launched on 4 June 1879. Robert Thompson Jr. was one of the sons of Robert Thompson Sr. who owned and operated the family ran shipyard J. L. Thompson & Sons. Thompson Jr. eventually left the family business in 1854 to start his own shipbuilding business in Southwick, Sunderland. The ship was built for John Wilson as a replacement for the 658-ton, 1869-built barque Lady Elizabeth which sank off Rottnest Island, Western Australia in 1878.
Sony E PZ 16-50mm F3.5-5.6 OSS
The Sony E PZ 16-50mm F3.5-5.6 OSS is a variable maximum aperture standard zoom lens for the Sony E-mount, announced by Sony on September 12, 2012, and released January 2013. The lens is often bundled with various Sony Alpha mirrorless cameras as a "kit lens".

Sony α
Sony α (the lower case Greek letter alpha, often transliterated as Sony Alpha) is a brand of digital camera. This line has been active since 2006, building upon the Konica Minolta camera technologies, whose assets were acquired by Sony.
Mount Obruchev
Mount Obruchev (68°54′S 154°10′E﻿ / ﻿68.900°S 154.167°E﻿ / -68.900; 154.167) is a mountain 15 nautical miles (28 km) east-southeast of Scar Bluffs, near the base of Mawson Peninsula. Mapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1958, and named for Soviet geologist Vladimir Obruchev.

Soviet Antarctic Expedition
The Soviet Antarctic Expedition (SAE or SovAE) (Russian: Советская антарктическая экспедиция, САЭ, Sovetskaya antarkticheskaya ekspeditsiya) was a Soviet research institute.  It was succeeded by the Russian Antarctic Expedition.
Plumas County Museum
The Plumas County Museum is a 501(c)3 organization and historical museum located in Quincy, California. Exhibits focus on Plumas County, including the Maidu people, the California Gold Rush, the logging industry, and the local community.

In addition to artifacts on display, the museum houses an archive of over 5,000 photographs, as well as documents, and a 1,000-item map collection.

The museum is owned and managed by an association, which also owns and maintains the 1878 Variel Home as well as the 1859 Goodwin Law Office, the oldest continually used law office in the state of California.

Maidu
The Maidu are a Native American people of northern California. They reside in the central Sierra Nevada, in the watershed area of the Feather and American Rivers and in Humbug Valley. In Maiduan languages, maidu means "person".
The Idiot (1958 film)
The Idiot (Russian: Идиот), is a 1958 Soviet film directed by Ivan Pyryev. It is based on Part 1 of the eponymous 1869 novel by Fyodor Dostoevsky; Yury Yakovlev declined to play the title character in a sequel which was never made.

Cinema of the Soviet Union
The cinema of the Soviet Union includes films produced by the constituent republics of the Soviet Union reflecting elements of their pre-Soviet culture, language and history, albeit they were all regulated by the central government in Moscow. Most prolific in their republican films, after the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, were Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, and, to a lesser degree, Lithuania, Belarus and Moldavia. At the same time, the nation's film industry, which was fully nationalized throughout most of the country's history, was guided by philosophies and laws propounded by the monopoly Soviet Communist Party which introduced a new view on the cinema, socialist realism, which was different from the one before or after the existence of the Soviet Union.
Aiyyaa (soundtrack)
Aiyyaa is the soundtrack album to the 2012 film of the same name directed by Sachin Kundalkar starring Prithviraj Sukumaran and Rani Mukerji. The film's musical score and soundtrack were composed by Amit Trivedi with lyrics written by Amitabh Bhattacharya. The album was released under the T-Series label on 21 September 2012 to positive reviews from critics, with "Dreamum Wakeupum" being one of the popular songs from the album.

Amit Trivedi
Amit Trivedi (born 8 April 1979) is an Indian composer, singer and lyricist. He began his career composing music for theatre productions, advertising jingles and independent music projects before making his film debut with the Hindi-language film Aamir (2008).
Talal Asad
Talal Asad (born 1932) is a Saudi-born British cultural anthropologist who is currently Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Anthropology and Middle Eastern Studies at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. His prolific body of work mainly focuses on religiosity, Middle Eastern studies, postcolonialism, and notions of power, law, and discipline. He is also known for his writing calling for an anthropology of secularism.

His work has had a significant influence beyond his home discipline of anthropology. As Donovan Schaefer writes:

The gravitational field of Asad’s influence has emanated far from his home discipline and reshaped the landscape of other humanistic disciplines around him.

Alasdair MacIntyre
Alasdair Chalmers MacIntyre (12 January 1929 – 21 May 2025) was a Scottish-American philosopher who contributed to moral and political philosophy as well as history of philosophy and theology. MacIntyre's After Virtue (1981) is one of the most important works of Anglophone moral and political philosophy in the 20th century. He was a senior research fellow at the Centre for Contemporary Aristotelian Studies in Ethics and Politics (CASEP) at London Metropolitan University, emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame, and permanent senior distinguished research fellow at the Notre Dame de Nicola Center for Ethics and Culture. During his lengthy academic career, he also taught at Brandeis University, Duke University, Vanderbilt University, and Boston University.
Donella Meadows
Donella Hager "Dana" Meadows (March 13, 1941 – February 20, 2001) was an American environmental scientist, educator, and writer. She is best known as lead author of the books The Limits to Growth and Thinking In Systems: A Primer.

Club of Rome
The Club of Rome is a nonprofit, informal organization of intellectuals and business leaders whose goal is a critical discussion of pressing global issues. The Club of Rome was founded in 1968 at Accademia dei Lincei in Rome, Italy. At least until the early 2000s, the 'main club' has allegedly been limited to one hundred members, often selected from current and former heads of state and government, UN administrators, high-level politicians, diplomats, scientists, economists, and business leaders from around the globe. It stimulated considerable public attention in 1972 with the first report to the Club of Rome, The Limits to Growth. Since 1 July 2008, the organization has been based in Winterthur, Switzerland.
Channel drift
Channel drift or network decay refers to the gradual shift of a television network away from its original programming in order to target another more profitable audience, or to broaden its viewership by incorporating less niche content. This often results in a shift from informative or artistic quality programming aimed at educated viewers toward sensational, ratings-based or reality-formatted programming designed for the entertainment of a mass audience. Channel drift frequently features the incorporation of infotainment, reality television and heavy advertising into the channel's lineup.

HGTV
HGTV (Home & Garden Television) is an American basic cable channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. The network primarily broadcasts reality programming related to home improvement and real estate. It was formerly owned by the E. W. Scripps Company, which spun off its cable networks, including HGTV, into Scripps Networks Interactive. As of November 2023, HGTV was available to approximately 72,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.
Gulidjan
The Gulidjan people (perhaps originally Kolidjon,), also known as the Kolakngat, or Colac tribe, are an Aboriginal Australian tribe whose traditional lands cover the Lake Colac region of the state of Victoria, Australia. They occupied the grasslands, woodlands, volcanic plains and lakes region east of Lake Corangamite, west of the Barwon River and north of the Otway Ranges. Their territory bordered the Wathaurong to the north, Djargurd Wurrung to the west, Girai Wurrung to the south-west, and Gadubanud to the south-east.

Great Otway National Park
The Great Otway National Park is a national park located in the Barwon South West region of Victoria, Australia. The 103,185-hectare (254,980-acre) national park is situated approximately 162 kilometres (101 mi) southwest of Melbourne, in the Otway Ranges, a low coastal mountain range; its highest peak is Mount Cowley, 670 metres (2,198 feet), and is within the park.  The park contains a diverse range of landscapes and vegetation types.
Proud Lake State Recreation Area
Proud Lake State Recreation Area is a state-managed public park and recreation area located in Commerce Township, Oakland County, Michigan, near Wixom. It is under the jurisdiction of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. The recreation area has a total area of 3,030 acres (12.3 km2) and offers various outdoor activities including 20 miles (32 km) of hiking trails (9 miles of which are open to horses and mountain bikes), cross-country skiing, fishing in the Huron River, hunting (in limited areas), canoeing, and picnicking. A campground has 130 campsites and a 24-person cabin for rent.

Oakland County, Michigan
Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a principal county of the Detroit metropolitan area, containing the bulk of Detroit's northern suburbs. Its county seat is Pontiac, and its largest city is Troy. As of the 2020 census, its population 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan (behind neighboring Wayne County), and the most populous county in the United States without a city of 100,000 residents.

Founded in 1819 and organized the following year, Oakland County is composed of 62 cities, villages, and townships. In 2010, Oakland County was among the ten wealthiest counties in the United States to have over one million residents. It is also home to Oakland University, a large public institution that straddles the border between the cities of Auburn Hills and Rochester Hills.
Harry Allen (Ontario politician)
Harry Marshall Allen (January 26, 1889 – September 13, 1963) was a Canadian politician who was a Member of Provincial Parliament in Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1945 to 1963. He represented the riding of Middlesex South for the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario.

Born in Lambeth, Ontario, he was a farmer and lumberman. He died in office in 1963 of a heart attack.

Lambeth, London, Ontario
Lambeth (/ˈlæmbəθ/) is a neighbourhood in the City of London, Ontario, Canada. It is immediately north of Highway 402, and east of Colonel Talbot Road.  Almost all of its residents live in low-density, single detached dwellings. As of 2016, the area is home to 4,170 residents.

The neighbourhood is considered a middle to upper-income area, with an average family income of $145,112 an average dwelling value of $398,082 and a home ownership rate of 93%.
Suharno
Suharno (Serbian Cyrillic: Сухарно, Albanian: Suharnë) is a village in the municipality of Bujanovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the town has a population of 309 people. Of these, 307 (99,35 %) were ethnic Albanians, 1 (0,32 %) Bosniak, and 1 (0,32 %) other.

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.
Albert Büchi
Albert Büchi (27 June 1907 – August 1988) was a Swiss professional road bicycle racer. He is mainly known for his bronze medal in the Elite race of the 1931 Road World Championships. He was also the Swiss National Road Race champion in 1931.

1931 UCI Road World Championships
The 1931 UCI Road World Championships was the eleventh edition of the UCI Road World Championships.

The championship took place on Wednesday, August 26 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Unusually, the race was not run as a traditional road race, but rather as an individual time-trial.

17 professional cyclists, with a maximum of 3 for each country, started from 7 am.

The amateur road race started after the professional road race. The winner was ultimately the Dane Henry Hansen, who was three minutes faster than the world champion among the professionals. But due to organizational irregularities, that time may not be reliable.

The 1931 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was held in the velodrome of Ordrup, near Copenhagen, from 21 to 30 August 1931.
Łukęcin
Łukęcin [wuˈkɛnt͡ɕin] (German: Lüchenthin) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dziwnów, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) east of Dziwnów, 10 km (6 mi) north-east of Kamień Pomorski, and 72 km (45 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 130.

Kamień Pomorski
Kamień Pomorski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkamjɛɲ pɔˈmɔrskʲi]; Kashubian: Kamiéń; German: Cammin or Kammin) is a spa town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship of north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It is the seat of an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County which lies approximately 63 km (39 mi) to the north of the regional capital Szczecin. It is the second seat of the Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień and the deanery of Kamień.

In 2015 the town had a population of 8,921 inhabitants.
Proteinoid
Proteinoids, or thermal proteins, are protein-like, often cross-linked molecules formed abiotically from amino acids. Sidney W. Fox initially proposed that they may have been precursors to the first living cells (protocells). The term was also used in the 1960s to describe peptides that are shorter than twenty amino acids found in hydrolysed protein, but this term is no longer commonly used.

Peptide bond
In organic chemistry, a peptide bond is an amide type of covalent chemical bond linking two consecutive alpha-amino acids from C1 (carbon number one) of one alpha-amino acid and N2 (nitrogen number two) of another, along a peptide or protein chain.

It can also be called a eupeptide bond to distinguish it from an isopeptide bond, which is another type of amide bond between two amino acids.