hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luxury packaging
Luxury and specialty packaging is the design, research, development, and manufacturing of packaging, displays, and for luxury brands. The packaging of a luxury product is part of the brand’s image and research shows consumers are willing to spend more on products if the packaging looks appealing and luxurious.

As well as adding to the value of the product, luxury packaging fulfils various other roles; it enhances the image of the brand, increases consumer engagement through personalised packaging, performs a function, creates appeal and diversifies the product.

Globally, the luxury packaging market continues to grow, driven by global trends of personalised packaging, attention to sustainability issues, and economic and demographic drivers. The luxury packaging market is forecast to grow by 4.4% to 2019, reaching $17.6 billion, and consumption will reach 9.9 billion tons with growth of 3.1%.

Sustainability brand
Sustainability brands are brands that undertake sustainable practises in the workings of their business and champion them.

They then use brand communication tools to convey these benefits to their end consumer hence enabling then to make conscious decisions while being associated with or buying from that brand.There are several techniques to communicate this.

It is imperative that a sustainable brand has truly integrated its claims in its business plan and corororate practices. If not done correctly, Greenwashing is a serious violation and risk to the company's reputation.

Critics of the practice suggest the rise of greenwashing, paired with ineffective regulation, contributes to consumer scepticism of all green claims, and diminishes the power of the consumer to drive companies toward greener manufacturing processes and business operations. Many corporations use greenwashing to improve public perception of their brands. Complex corporate structures often obscure the big picture.
Neogaeornis
Neogaeornis is a controversial prehistoric genus of diving bird. The single known species, Neogaeornis wetzeli, was described from fossils found in the Campanian to Maastrichtian Quiriquina Formation of Chile. It lived about 70-67 million years ago. It remains known from the single tarsometatarsus described in 1929 by Lambrecht, and today housed in the Paläontologisches Institut und Museum in Kiel, Germany.

Campanian
The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campanian spans the time from 83.6 (± 0.2) to 72.2 (± 0.2) million years ago. It is preceded by the Santonian and it is followed by the Maastrichtian.

The Campanian was an age when a worldwide sea level rise covered many coastal areas. The morphology of some of these areas has been preserved: it is an unconformity beneath a cover of marine sedimentary rocks.
Middelstum
Middelstum (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmɪdəlstʏm]; Gronings: Middelsom [ˈmɪdl̩sɔm]) is a village with a population of 2,419 in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Eemsdelta.

Middelstum was a separate municipality until 1990, when it was merged with Loppersum.

Gronings dialect
The Gronings (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣroːnɪŋs] ⓘ) (or Groninger) dialects or language, known in Gronings itself as Grunnegs or Grönnegs, are some of the Low Saxon dialects spoken in the province of Groningen and around the Groningen border in Drenthe and Friesland. Gronings and the strongly related varieties in East Frisia have a strong East Frisian influence and take a remarkable position within West Low German. Its typical accent and vocabulary differ strongly from the other Low Saxon dialects.
Wayfinder (2021 yacht)
Wayfinder is a luxury supply yacht or auxiliary boat, of a type often referred as a supply vessel, shadow cat, shadow boat or yacht support vessel; ultimately, it is a yacht tender. Its task is to supply a pleasure yacht.  A catamaran, its length is 68 metres, with a beam of 14 metres.  Its main function is to provide its mothership with fossil fuel, foodstores, parts, and maintenance employees; it also serves as its heliport.  Its fuel capacity is 200,000 litres, equivalent to 52,834 US gallons, to power its Diesel engines.  In 2021, it sailed under the flag of the Cayman Islands.

Yacht tender
A yacht tender is a vessel used for servicing and providing support and entertainment to a private or charter yacht. They include utilitarian craft, powered by oar or outboard motor, and high-speed luxury craft, supporting superyachts, powered by inboard engines, some using water-jets. Some superyachts have a support vessel that follows them with bulky items that are not conveniently stowed aboard the main yacht, such as a helicopter, automobile or larger watercraft.
Disquisitiones Arithmeticae
Disquisitiones Arithmeticae (Latin for Arithmetical Investigations) is a textbook on number theory written in Latin by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1798, when Gauss was 21, and published in 1801, when he was 24. It had a revolutionary impact on number theory by making the field truly rigorous and systematic and paved the path for modern number theory. In this book, Gauss brought together and reconciled results in number theory obtained by such eminent mathematicians as Fermat, Euler, Lagrange, and Legendre, while adding profound and original results of his own.

Rigour
Rigour (British English) or rigor (American English; see spelling differences) describes a condition of stiffness or strictness. These constraints may be environmentally imposed, such as "the rigours of famine"; logically imposed, such as mathematical proofs which must maintain consistent answers; or socially imposed, such as the process of defining ethics and law.
2008 Commonwealth Youth Games medal table
The 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games, officially known as the III Commonwealth Youth Games, were a multi-sport event held in the Indian city of Pune from 12 to 18 October 2008. This was the first time in the history of the Commonwealth Youth Games that the Games were organised in Asia. At the Games, 1220 athletes between 14 and 18 years of age from 71 Commonwealth of Nations competed in nine sports.

Athletes from 34 nations won at least one medal, and athletes from 19 of these nations secured at least one gold. India lead the medal count for the first time in Commonwealth Youth Games, with 33 gold medals. Athletes from India also led the silver medal count, with 26 medals. Australia claimed 65 medals in total (including 24 gold), earning second spot on the table. Athletes from Australia led the bronze medal count, with 23 medals. Australia was the host nation of the 2004 Commonwealth Youth Games, in which it ranked first in the medal table, with 58 gold and 129 overall medals.

Commonwealth Youth Games
The Commonwealth Youth Games (CYG) is an international multi-sport event organized by the Commonwealth Games Federation. The games were held in the years, mid-way between when the Commonwealth Games are held, until 2008. They continued to be held every four years, but in the year after the Commonwealth Games are held, from 2011 to 2015. Since 2017, they've been held in the year before the Commonwealth Games are held. The first edition was held in Edinburgh, Scotland from 10 to 14 August 2000. The age limitation of the athletes is from 14 to 18.
Nezar AlSayyad
Nezar Al Sayyad (born October 10, 1956) is an architect, city planner, urban designer, urban historian, and professor emeritus at the University of California Berkeley in the College of Environmental Design, where he received the Distinguished Teaching Award. Educated as an architect, planner, and urban historian, AlSayyad is principally an urbanist whose specialty is the study of cities, their urban forms and spaces, and their impact on their social and cultural realities. As a scholar, AlSayyad has written and edited several books on colonialism, identity, Islamic architecture, tourism, tradition, urbanism, urban design, urban history, urban informality, and virtuality.

Urban design
Urban design is an approach to the design of buildings and the spaces between them that focuses on specific design processes and outcomes based on geographical location. In addition to designing and shaping the physical features of towns, cities, and regional spaces, urban design considers 'bigger picture' issues of economic, social and environmental value and social design. The scope of a project can range from a local street or public space to an entire city and surrounding areas. Urban designers connect the fields of architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning to better organize local and community environments' dependent upon geographical location.

Some important focuses of urban design on this page include its historical impact, paradigm shifts, its interdisciplinary nature, and issues related to urban design.
Antoinette Hale
E. Antoinette Hale was an American painter.

Hale was born in Roanoke, Virginia. She attended Virginia State University where she graduated with a degree in sociology. She became a social worker. She took painting classes in Los Angeles, California at the defunct L & E School of Fine Arts in the 1970s.

She started painting full-time when she retired. Her work has been exhibited at the Harrison Museum of African American Culture, Mary Baldwin University and Virginia Tech.

Curators at the Harrison Museum of African American Culture call Hale "one of the most important artists working in the Roanoke Valley in the late 20th century."

Virginia State University
Virginia State University (VSU or Virginia State) is a public historically Black land-grant university in Ettrick, Virginia, United States. Founded on March 6, 1882 (1882-03-06), Virginia State developed as the United States's first fully state-supported four-year institution of higher learning for Black Americans. The university is a member school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.
Arch Dale
Archibald Dale (May 31, 1882 in Dundee – 1962 in Winnipeg) was a Scottish-born cartoonist, who lived and worked for most of his adult life in Canada and Chicago.

Dale began his cartooning career as a teenager, doing various illustrated work for newspapers such as Glasgow Evening News. In the early 1920s, while living in Chicago, Dale created the comic strip The Doo Dads, which ran in several Canadian newspapers throughout the decade and reportedly also enjoyed success in merchandising. According to comics historian Bill Blackbeard, The Doo Dads seems to have been heavily influenced by the critically acclaimed comic strip Krazy Kat.

He subsequently moved to Canada, where he produced several cartoons for the Grain Growers' Guide. Dale retired in 1954, after working as a freelance artist at the Winnipeg Free Press for several decades.

His daughter Julie Dale was also a cartoonist.

The Grain Growers' Guide
The Grain Growers' Guide (later called the Country Guide) was a newspaper published by the Grain Growers' Grain Company (GGGC) in Western Canada for grain farmers between 1908 and 1936. It reflected the views of the grain growers' associations. In its day it had the highest circulation of any farm paper in the region.
John Short (Canadian politician)
John Short (July 4, 1836 – October 16, 1886) was a farmer and political figure in Quebec. He represented Gaspé in the House of Commons of Canada from 1875 to 1878 as a Conservative member.

Born in Richmond, Upper Canada and educated in Lennoxville, Canada East, he was the son of the Reverend Robert Short and Margaret Lyon, the daughter of Captain Lyon of Aberdeen. He was the grandson of John Quirk Short, a staff surgeon and deputy inspector general of hospitals, and the great-grandson of Robert Quirk Short. In 1858, Short married Mary Charlotte Boyle. He served as mayor of Gaspé for 14 years and also served as warden for Gaspé County. Short also served as chairman of the school board and sheriff for Gaspé district. He was elected to the House of Commons in an 1875 by-election held after Louis George Harper was unseated.

His uncle Edward Short was a judge in the Quebec Superior Court and served in the legislative assembly for the Province of Canada.

Canada East
Canada East (French: Canada-Est) was the northeastern portion of the Province of Canada. Lord Durham's Report investigating the causes of the Upper and Lower Canada Rebellions recommended merging those two colonies. The new colony, known as the Province of Canada, was created by the Act of Union 1840 passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, having effect in 1841. For administrative purposes, the new Province was subdivided into Canada West and Canada East.  The former name of "Lower Canada" came back into official use in 1849, and as of Canadian Confederation of 1867 it formed the newly created province of Quebec.

An estimated 890,000 people lived in Canada East in 1851.
Sara Nicole Andersen
Sara Nicole Andersen (Persian: سارا نیکول اندرسون; born November 2, 1992, in Tehran) is a Norwegian-Iranian model and beauty pageant titleholder.

Andersen started modeling at age 13, and was crowned Miss Universe Norway 2012. She competed in the 2012 Miss Universe pageant, placing at the 22nd place out of 88. Sara Nicole Anderson moved from to Norway (Notodden) in 2000 at age 8 from Turkey.

From 2012-2014 she dated Jaysuma 'Jays' Saidy, a sprinter of Gambian descent. As of 2019 she is married to Lars Ove Løseth, whom she met in 2015 and with whom she has a son (born 2016).

Demographics of the Gambia
The demographic characteristics of the population of The Gambia are known through national censuses, conducted in ten-year intervals and analyzed by The Gambian Bureau of Statistics (GBOS) since 1963. The latest census was conducted in 2013. The population of The Gambia at the 2013 census was 1.8 million. The population density is 176.1 per square kilometer, and the overall life expectancy in The Gambia is 64.1 years. Since the first census of 1963, the population of The Gambia has increased every ten years by an average of 43.2 percent. Since 1950s, the birth rate has constantly exceeded the death rate; the natural growth rate is positive. The Gambia is in the second stage of demographic transition. In terms of age structure, The Gambia is dominated by 15- to 24-year-old segment (57.6%). The median age of the population is 19.9 years, and the gender ratio of the total population is 0.98 males per female.
Ponérihouen
Ponérihouen (French: [pɔneʁiwɛ̃] ⓘ, Paicî: Pwäräiriwa) is a commune in the North Province of New Caledonia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean.

Ponérihouen is the birthplace of the writer, feminist and politician Déwé Gorodey, who served as vice-president of the congress from 2001 to 2009.

North Province, New Caledonia
The North Province (French: province Nord) is one of three administrative divisions in New Caledonia. It corresponds to the northern and northeastern portion of the New Caledonian mainland.

The provincial government seat is at Koné.
Ekofisk Formation
The Ekofisk Formation is a geological formation of Danian (lowermost Paleocene) age. It forms the uppermost part of the Chalk Group in the North Sea. It is an important reservoir for oil and gas in fields such as Ekofisk. It overlies the Maastrichtian Tor Formation with local evidence of unconformity. It underlies the Våle Formation.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Vemgo-Mabas language
Vemgo-Mabas is an Afro-Asiatic language of Cameroon and Nigeria. Dialects are Vemgo, Mabas. Blench (2006) considers these to be separate languages. Ethnologue lists a third dialect, Visik in Nigeria, which is not well attested; Blench suspects it may be a dialect of Lamang instead.

In Cameroon, Mabas is spoken only in one village on the Nigerian border, namely Mabas village (Mokolo arrondissement, Mayo-Tsanaga department, Far North Region) by about 5,000 speakers (ALCAM 1984). Although closely related, Mabas is distinct from Hdi (78% lexical similarity, 36% mutual intelligibility).

Mokolo
Mokolo is the departmental capital and largest city of the Mayo-Tsanaga department, in the Far North Province of Cameroon. It is the fourth largest city in the Far North Province, after Maroua, Yagoua, and Kousséri.  It is located in the Mandara Mountains that run along the Cameroonian-Nigerian border.
1972 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1972 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 84th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 30 January 1972. The championship ran from 7 April to 19 November 1972.

Carbery entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Muskerry in the quarter-finals.

The final was played on 19 November 1972 at the Athletic Grounds in Cork between Nemo Rangers and University College Cork in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Nemo Rangers won the match by 2-09 to 0-08 to claim their first ever championship title.

Dinny Allen was the championship's top scorer with 1-18.

Cork Athletic Grounds
The Cork Athletic Grounds was a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) stadium where major hurling and football matches were played. Situated in the Ballintemple area of Cork in Ireland, it was the home of Cork GAA between 1904 and 1974. The stadium was demolished in 1974 and replaced by Páirc Uí Chaoimh.
Food safety incidents in China
Food safety incidents in China have received increased international media scrutiny following the reform and opening of the country, and its joining the World Trade Organization. Urban areas have become more aware of food safety as their incomes rise. Food safety agencies in China have overlapping duties. The 2008 Chinese milk scandal and COVID-19 pandemic received the most international attention among food safety incidents.

Magnesium trisilicate
Magnesium trisilicate is an inorganic compound that is used as a food additive. The additive is frequently used by fast food chains to absorb fatty acids and extract impurities formed while frying edible oils. It has good acid neutralizing properties, but the reaction appears too slow to serve as an effective non-prescription antacid.
Guangjiao station
Guangjiao station (simplified Chinese: 广教站; traditional Chinese: 廣教站; pinyin: Guǎngjiào Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Gwónggaau Jaahm) is an elevated station on Line 3 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Shunde District. It opened on 28 December 2022.

Foshan
Foshan (UK: /foʊˈʃæn/, US also /-ˈʃɑːn/; Chinese: 佛山) or Fatshan (also Fatsan, Jyutping: Fat6saan1) is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong Province, China. The entire prefecture covers 3,848 km2 (1,486 sq mi) and had a population of 9,498,863 as of the 2020 census. The city is part of the western side of the Pearl River Delta megalopolis, a conurbation housing 86,100,000 inhabitants, making it the biggest urban area of the world.

Foshan is regarded as the home of Cantonese opera, a genre of Chinese opera; Nanquan, a martial art; and lion dancing.
Danby (surname)
Danby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abstrupus Danby (1655–1727), English wool merchant

Christopher Danby (1503–1571), English politician and landowner

Francis Danby (1793–1861), Irish painter

Gordon Danby, American physicist

Graeme Danby (born 1962), English operatic bass

Herbert Danby (1889–1953), English priest and writer

James Francis Danby (1816–1875), English landscape painter

John Danby (disambiguation), multiple people

Ken Danby (1940–2007), Canadian artist

Michael Danby (born 1955), Australian politician

Nicholas Danby (1935–1997) English organist, composer and teacher

Noah Danby (born 1974), Canadian actor

Robert Danby (died 1474), British justice

Thomas Danby (disambiguation), multiple people

Tom Danby (1926–2022), English rugby player

William Danby (writer) (1752–1833), English writer

William Danby (coroner)

Ken Danby
Ken Danby, CM OOnt RCA D.F.A. (6 March 1940 – 23 September 2007) was a Canadian painter who created highly realistic paintings that study everyday life.  His 1972 painting  At the Crease, portraying a masked hockey goalie defending his net, is widely recognized and reproduced in Canada.
Stenka-class patrol boat
The Stenka class is the NATO reporting name for a class of patrol boats built for the Soviet Navy, KGB Border Troops and Soviet Allies. The official Soviet designation was Project 205P Tarantul (not to be confused with the Tarantul-class corvette). The boats are an anti-submarine patrol version of the Osa-class missile boat.

United States Naval Institute
The United States Naval Institute (USNI) is a private non-profit military association that offers independent, nonpartisan forums for debate of national security issues. In addition to publishing magazines and books, the Naval Institute holds several annual conferences. The Naval Institute is based in Annapolis, Maryland.

Established in 1873, the Naval Institute claimed "almost 50,000 members" in 2020, mostly active and retired personnel of the United States Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard. The organization also has members in over 90 countries.

The organization has no official or funding ties to the United States Naval Academy or the United States Navy, though it is based on the grounds of the Naval Academy through permission granted by a 1936 Act of Congress.
Harry Davis (footballer, born 1991)
Harry Spencer Davis (born 24 September 1991) is an English professional footballer who plays as a centre back for National League North club AFC Fylde. Davis has previously played for Crewe Alexandra, St Mirren, Grimsby Town, Morecambe and Scunthorpe United. Early in his career, he was loaned by Crewe to Nantwich Town, Stafford Rangers and Curzon Ashton.

Scottish Championship
The Scottish Championship known as the William Hill Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the second tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, the league competition for men's professional football clubs in Scotland. The Scottish Championship was established in July 2013, after the Scottish Professional Football League was formed by a merger of the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League.