hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Run Chhoun
Run Peter Chhoun is an American spree killer, mass murderer and gang member. Chhoun, a member of the Tiny Rascal Gang was convicted and sentenced to death for nine murders committed in Sacramento County, San Bernardino County and Los Angeles County. His co-defendant Samreth Pan was also sentenced to death, but for only four of the murders.

Gang
A gang is a group or society of associates, friends, or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collectively, in illegal, and possibly violent, behavior, with such behavior often constituting a form of organized crime.
Center for Promoting Ideas
The Center for Promoting Ideas (CPI) is an organization that engages in predatory publishing. Run out of Bangladesh with a claimed office in New York, it publishes a number of journals that publish academic articles for payment, claiming they are "peer-reviewed and refereed". Like many predatory journals it operates under the guise of an open access model. The Chronicle of Higher Education reported in 2018 that authors wired money to Bangladesh and sometimes never saw their paper published, or edited poorly. In addition, the CPI habitually lists unwitting academics as editors in chief or members of the editorial board, against their wishes.

One such scholar is American academic J. Peter Pham, who has been listed as on the editorial board of the International Journal of Humanities and Social Science since 2011, despite having sent letters asking to be removed. As of November 2022, he is still listed.

J. Peter Pham
John Peter Pham is an American academic and author specializing in international relations with a focus on African affairs. Pham was the United States Special Envoy for the Sahel Region of Africa, from March 2020 until the end of President Donald Trump's administration in January 2021. Prior to this, he served as the Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region of Africa from November 2018. Prior to these appointments, Pham was also Vice President of the Atlantic Council and Director of its Africa Center. In September 2020, Pham was accorded the personal rank of ambassador, becoming the first Vietnamese American to achieve that rank. After leaving the Trump administration, Pham rejoined the Atlantic Council as a Distinguished Fellow, and also serves on the boards of several listed as well as privately held corporations.
Azuaga
Azuaga (Spanish: [aˈθwaɣa] ⓘ) is a town located in the  province of Badajoz in southern Extremadura, bordering the Andalusian provinces of Seville and Córdoba in Spain. Azuga is 140 km from Badajoz, 125 km from  Córdoba, and 140 km from Seville, in the foothills of Sierra Morena in the frontier region of Campiña Sur.

With a surface area of 498 km2, Azuaga is the fourth largest municipality by area in the province of Badajoz and includes the village of the Cardenchosa. The inhabitants in 2010 were 8303.

Province of Seville
The Province of Seville (Spanish: Sevilla) is a province of southern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It borders the provinces of Málaga and Cádiz in the south, Huelva in the west, Badajoz in the north and Córdoba in the east. Seville is the province's as well as the Andalusian autonomous community's capital.
Masud Pathik
Masud Pathik (born 1 August 1979) is a Bangladeshi filmmaker, poet and lyricist. His feature films Nekabborer Mohaproyan (2014) won seven and Maya: The Lost Mother (2019) won eight Bangladesh National Film Awards. Individually, he won the Best Lyrics and Best Story awards. For his poetry, he won the 2013 HSBC Kali O Kalam award for his poem Ekaki Jomin. He won 2023 Bangla Academy Literary Award in the playwright category.

Bangla Academy Literary Award
The Bangla Academy Literary Award (Bengali: বাংলা একাডেমি সাহিত্য পুরস্কার; Bangla Academy Shahitya Puroshkar) is given by the Bangla Academy of Bangladesh in recognition of creative genius in advancement and overall contribution in the field of Bengali language and literature.

It was introduced in 1960 and recognized six categories: poetry, novels, short stories, essays, children's literature and translation. Beginning in 1985, two more awards were introduced to recognize overall contributions to Bengali language and literature.

At present, the Bangla Academy award is given in three fields:

Poetry, novel, and short story

Research, essay, and science

Translation, drama, and juvenile literature
Intersex rights in the United Kingdom
Intersex people in the United Kingdom face significant gaps in legal protections, particularly in protection from non-consensual medical interventions, and protection from discrimination. Actions by intersex civil society organisations aim to eliminate unnecessary medical interventions and harmful practices, promote social acceptance, and equality in line with Council of Europe and United Nations demands. Intersex civil society organisations campaign for greater social acceptance, understanding of issues of bodily autonomy, and recognition of the human rights of intersex people.

The island of Jersey has enacted limited protections from discrimination. These do not protect an intersex person from unwanted medical interventions, nor address other issues raised in the Malta declaration.

Malta declaration (International Intersex Forum)
The Malta declaration is the statement of the Third International Intersex Forum, which took place in Valletta, Malta, in 2013. The event was supported by the ILGA and ILGA-Europe and brought together 34 people representing 30 organisations from multiple regions of the world.

The declaration affirmed the existence of intersex people, and demanded an end to "discrimination against intersex people and to ensure the right of bodily integrity, physical autonomy and self-determination". For the first time, participants made a statement on birth registrations, in addition to other human rights issues:
Rosa Gilissen-Vanmarcke
Rosa Gilissen-Vanmarcke (born March 7, 1944) is a Flemish sculptor.

Born in Menen, Gilissen-Vanmarcke trained as a ceramicist, sculptor and fashion designer at the Kortrijk Academy of Fine Arts from 1961 to 1963. She completed her studies at the Technical University in Kortrijk in 1964 with a diploma in Textile Engineer. From 1994, she studied at the Studio for Art Education at the University of Bonn. In 2000, Gilissen-Vanmarcke received a teaching assignment for experimental sculpture at the Studio for Art Education at the University of Bonn. In 2005, she received a teaching assignment for sculpture at the Studio for Art Education at the University of Bonn.

Gilissen-Vanmarcke lived in Breunfeld, municipality of Nümbrecht until 2009. In 2009, the artist and her husband moved their residence to Belgentier in the south of France, where she also has her studio.

Menen
Menen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmeːnə(n)] ⓘ; French: Menin [mənɛ̃]; West Flemish: Mêenn [ˈmeːnən] or Mêende [ˈmeːndə]) is a city and municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Menen proper and the towns of Lauwe and Rekkem. The city is situated on the French/Belgian border. On January 1, 2006, Menen had a total population of 32,413. The total area is 33.07 km2 which gives a population density of 980 inhabitants per km2.

The city of Menen gives its name to the Menin Gate in Ypres, which is a monument to those killed in World War I. The gate is so called as the road from that gate is the road to Menen.

The town hall of Menen, with its large belfry, was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999 as part of the Belfries of Belgium and France site, because of its civic importance and architecture.
The Professors: The 101 Most Dangerous Academics in America
The Professors: The 101 Most Dangerous Academics in America is a 2006 book by conservative American author and policy advocate David Horowitz. Contending that many academics in American colleges hold anti-American perspectives, Horowitz lists one hundred examples who he believes are sympathetic to terrorists and non-democratic governments.

American Association of University Professors
The American Association of University Professors (AAUP) is an organization of professors and other academics in the United States that was founded in 1915 in New York City and is headquartered in Washington, D.C. AAUP membership includes over 500 local campus chapters and 39 state organizations.

Since June 2022, the AAUP has been affiliated with the American Federation of Teachers.

The AAUP's stated mission is to advance academic freedom and shared governance, to define fundamental professional values and standards for higher education, and to ensure higher education's contribution to the common good. Founded in 1915 by Arthur O. Lovejoy and John Dewey, the AAUP has helped shape American higher education by developing standards and procedures that maintain quality in education and academic freedom in the country's colleges and universities.
The Surfer's Journal
The Surfer's Journal is a publication based out of San Clemente, California. Founded in 1992 by Steve and Debbee Pezman, the reader-supported magazine comes out six times a year. It is edited by Alex Wilson and published by Debbee Pezman.

Primarily reader-supported, the magazine focuses on waterman culture—primarily surfing—with emphasis on long-form journalism, high-end photography, and ocean-inspired art.

“People, Culture, Travel, Art” is the tagline of the magazine, but sometimes it's also “Authentic, Adventurous & Downright Weird.”

San Clemente, California
San Clemente (/ˌsæn kləˈmɛntə/ san kleh-MEN-teh; Spanish for 'St. Clement' Spanish: [saŋ kleˈmente]) is a coastal city in southern Orange County, California, United States. It was named in 1925 after the Spanish colonial island (which was named after a Pope from the first century). Located in the Orange Coast region of the South Coast of California, San Clemente's population was 64,293 in the 2020 census. Situated roughly midway between Los Angeles and San Diego, San Clemente is a popular tourist destination in Southern California, known for its beaches, Spanish Colonial Revival architecture, and hospitality industry. San Clemente's city slogan is "Spanish Village by the Sea."

Some locals anglicize the town's spanish name as (/ˌsæn kləˈmɛnti/ san kleh-MEN-tee, with members of the San Clemente Historical Society using both the anglicized and more proper spanish pronunciations.
Puerto Rico Highway 181
Puerto Rico Highway 181 (PR-181), also known as Expreso Trujillo Alto (Trujillo Alto Expressway), is a road in Puerto Rico connecting the municipality of San Juan on the northeastern coastal plain with Patillas on the southeastern coastal plain. Beginning in the Rio Piedras district of barrio Oriente in San Juan at Jesus de Piñero Avenue (PR-17), it runs through Trujillo Alto, Gurabo and San Lorenzo on the Caguas Valley, and western Yabucoa and eastern Patillas on the Sierra de Cayey, before ending in the Patillas Pueblo downtown area on the southeastern coastal plain of Puerto Rico. PR-181 is a four-lane highway from San Juan through the Trujillo Alto Pueblo downtown area, and completely rural on the way to Patillas with the exception of a small tract in Gurabo where it intersects PR-30. Along with PR-10, PR-149, PR-1 and PR-52, it is one of the longest roads crossing the main island from north to south.

Trujillo Alto barrio-pueblo
Trujillo Alto barrio-pueblo  is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Trujillo Alto, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 673.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.
Nute
Nute is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alonzo Nute (1826–1892), American politician

Benjamin Nute (1800–1877), American farmer and businessman

Grace Lee Nute (1895–1990), American historian

Richard Nute, American engineer

Alonzo Nute
Alonzo Nute (February 12, 1826 – December 24, 1892) was a United States representative from New Hampshire.  He was born in Milton, New Hampshire where he attended the common schools. He moved to Natick, Massachusetts in 1842 but returned to New Hampshire in 1848 and engaged in the manufacture of boots and shoes in Farmington. In the spring of 1861, he entered the Union Army in the 6th New Hampshire Infantry Regiment during the Civil War.

Nute served as a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1866 after the war. He also served in the New Hampshire Senate in 1867 and 1868. In addition, he was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1876. He was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1891) but was not a candidate for renomination in 1890. He died in Farmington in 1892 and was buried in Pine Grove Cemetery.
Fu Pi
Fu Pi (Chinese: 苻丕; fl. 357 - c.November 386), courtesy name Yongshu (永叔), also known by his posthumous name as the Emperor Aiping of Former Qin (前秦哀平帝), was an emperor of the Di-led Former Qin dynasty of China. He was Fu Jiān (Emperor Xuanzhao)'s oldest son, although not his crown prince. After Fu Jiān's death at the hands of Yao Chang, the founder of the Later Qin dynasty, Fu Pi and his brother Crown Prince Fu Hong (苻宏) was forced to flee to the Eastern Jin dynasty. He then claimed the imperial title in 385, but was defeated by the Western Yan prince Murong Yong in 386, and killed by the Eastern Jin general Feng Gai (馮該).

Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given mainly to revered dead people in East Asian culture. It is predominantly used in Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan,  Malaysia and Thailand. Reflecting on the person's accomplishments or reputation, the title is assigned after death and essentially replaces the name used during life. Although most posthumous names are given to royalty, some posthumous names are given to honor significant people without hereditary titles, such as courtiers or military generals.

To create a posthumous name, one or more adjectives are inserted before the deceased's title. The name of the state or domain of the owner may be added to avoid ambiguity.
Federal detention center
Federal detention centers are pretrial detention facilities within the Bureau of Prisons. As administrative security level facilities, they are capable of holding inmates in all security categories. Thus, typically they have security measures such as double fences, roving patrols, and restricted movement. Agent Steal and others have noted that the conditions in the FDCs are generally better than in local jails.

Justin Tanner Petersen
Justin Tanner Petersen (28 July 1960 Washington, D.C. – 13 March 2010 Los Angeles, California) was an American hacker, concert promoter, sound engineer, private investigator and an informant for the Federal Bureau of Investigation. While tasked with helping to catch other hackers and fugitives wanted by the FBI, he continued to commit serious crimes.
Rouen Synagogue
The Rouen Synagogue (French: Synagogue de Rouen) is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 55 rue des Bons-Enfants in Rouen, in the region of Normandy, France. The congregation is affiliated with the Israelite Central Consitory of France, and worships in the Sephardic rite.

Nusach (Jewish custom)
In Judaism, a nusach or nusakh (Hebrew: נוסח, romanized: nusáḥ, Yiddish: נוסח, romanized: núsekh, pl. נוסחים nusaḥim, Yiddish: נוסחאות, romanized: nuskhóes) is the exact text of a Jewish prayer service, sometimes translated as "rite". Nusach may more accurately translate to "formulation" or "wording".

The texts of siddurim used by the array of Jewish ethnic divisions and religious movements include Baladi-rite prayer, nusach Ashkenaz, nusach Sefard, nusach edot haMizraḥ, Italian nusach, and nusach Ari.

A textual nusach is distinct from a musical nusach, the latter referring to a community's musical style or tradition, particularly the chanted melodies used for the Amidah and other recitative prayers.
Summit tram stop
The Summit tram stop is a tram terminus situated on the Great Orme Tramway at the summit of the Great Orme in Llandudno, Wales. The Great Orme Tramway is a funicular, which connects the summit with a lower terminus at Victoria in the centre of Llandudno. From the summit station, access is available to the Great Orme Country Park Visitor Centre, the Summit Complex and cafe, a large outdoor playground, and the many walks on the Orme.

Trams run approximately every ten minutes to the Summit station, decreasing to every twenty minutes in off-peak times or during windy weather. Trams run seasonally only, from late March to late October.

Great Orme
The Great Orme (Welsh: Y Gogarth) is a limestone headland on the north coast of Wales, north-west of the town of Llandudno. Referred to as Cyngreawdr Fynydd by the 12th-century poet Gwalchmai ap Meilyr, its English name derives from the Old Norse word for sea serpent. The Little Orme, a smaller but very similar limestone headland, is on the eastern side of Llandudno Bay. The headland is a tourist attraction, with a Victorian tramway, a cableway, walking routes and a mining museum.
Kungsholmen (borough)
Kungsholmen (King's Islet) is a borough (stadsdelsområde) in central Stockholm, Sweden. It is named after the dominating district and island in the borough. 
Except Kungsholmen (proper) there are six districts in the borough: Fredhäll, Kristineberg, Lilla Essingen, Marieberg, Stadshagen and Stora Essingen. It is also equivalent to the parishes of Kungsholm, Sankt Göran and Essinge. The population as of 2004 is 54,283, of which 28,614 are female and 25,669 are male, on an area of 4.85 km², which gives a density of 10,977.73 per km².

Lilla Essingen
Lilla Essingen is a small island in central Stockholm, Sweden.

It is on Lake Mälaren next to the larger neighbouring island of Stora Essingen.
Both Essingen Islands (Essingeöarna) are mainly residential areas, the smaller densely packed with apartment buildings while the larger is scattered with private houses and, to a lesser extent, apartment buildings. The Essingeleden motorway, part of the European routes E4 and E20, passing over both islands is named after them.

Bus route 1 (Stora Essingen - Frihamnen) stops at two places on Lilla Essingen, providing transport to central parts of town and connections to the underground network. Bus route 56 stops at four places, connecting the Essinge islands with Fridhemsplan and Hornsberg.

Bridges of Lilla Essingen:

From Kungsholmen:
Mariebergsbron
Fredhällsbron (part of the Essingeleden motorway.)

From Stora Essingen
Essingebron (two bridges, one part of Essingeleden.)
Darrell Dicken
Darrell T. Dicken (born June 18, 1977) is an American professional poker player from Waterloo, Iowa, who has cashed at seven World Poker Tour championship events, making the final 6-handed table in two of them.

Dicken known for being an online top ranked professional tournament player under the screen name "Gigabet."

In live tournament poker, Dicken has cashed several times among his largest cashes have been the WPT Five Diamond World Poker Classic $15,000 Main Event where he finished 5th for $241,495, winning the $10,000 No Limit Hold'em WSOP Circuit Championship earning $372,780, winning $169,917 at the Foxwoods Poker Classic in 2007, and 3rd at the WPT's Mirage Poker Showdown in 2007 winning $259,369.

In April 2008, Dicken won the $2,500 No Limit Hold'em event at the Sixth Annual Five Star World Poker Classic, earning $248,800.

As of 2008, Dicken's total live tournament winnings exceed $1,800,000

World Poker Tour
The World Poker Tour (WPT) is an internationally televised gaming and entertainment brand. Since 2002, the World Poker Tour has operated a series of international poker tournaments and associated television series broadcasting playdown and the final table of each tournament.

The most prominent of World Poker Tour events belong to the WPT Main Tour. The WPT Main Tour focuses on the buy-in range of $3,500–$25,000, and winners of official WPT Main Tour events are awarded a membership to the WPT Champions Club. The WPT Champions Cup is the trophy awarded to all winners of WPT Main Tour events, and champions have their names engraved on the Cup.
Heera Bhai
Heera Bhai (25 December 1922 – 25 December 1995) was an Indian politician from Janata Dal. He was a member of 6th Lok Sabha and 9th Lok Sabha from Banswara constituency in Rajasthan. He started his political career in 1957 when he was elected to Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. In 1960 he was elected as first mayor of  Agra Municipal Corporation . Bhai died on 25 December 1995.

Janata Dal
Janata Dal (lit. 'People's Party') was an Indian political party which was formed through the merger of Lok Dal, Jagjivan's Congress, and Jan Morcha on 11 October 1988—the birth anniversary of Jayaprakash Narayan under the leadership of V. P. Singh.
Gockel Ridge
Gockel Ridge (72°42′S 0°12′E﻿ / ﻿72.700°S 0.200°E﻿ / -72.700; 0.200) is a ridge extending from Alan Peak to Nupskapa Peak at the south end of the Sverdrup Mountains in Antarctica. The name "Gockelkamm" after Wilhelm Gockel, a meteorological assistant on the expedition, was given to a ridge in the area by the Third German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39) under Alfred Ritscher. The correlation of the name with this ridge may be arbitrary but is recommended for the sake of international uniformity and historical continuity.

German Antarctic Expedition (1938–1939)
The German Antarctic Expedition of 1938–1939 was led by Kriegsmarine captain Alfred Ritscher (1879–1963) and was the third official Antarctic expedition of the German Reich, by order of the "Commissioner for the Four Year Plan" Hermann Göring. Prussian State Councilor Helmuth Wohlthat was mandated with planning and preparation.

The expedition's main objective was of economic nature, in particular the establishment of a whaling station and the acquisition of fishing grounds for a German whaling fleet in order to reduce the Reich's dependence on the import of industrial oils, fats and dietary fats. Preparations took place under strict secrecy as the enterprise was also tasked to make a feasibility assessment for a future occupation of Antarctic territory in the region between 20 ° West and 20 ° East.
Geriatriezentrum Am Wienerwald Feldbahn
The Geriatriezentrum Am Wienerwald Feldbahn (Geriatric nursing center Wienerwald) was a 500 mm (19+3⁄4 in) minimum-gauge railway constructed in 1904. It is located at the premises of the former nursing home Lainz in the 13th District of Vienna, Hietzing. Until its closure in 2011 it was the oldest feldbahn in use in Austria.

Hietzing
Hietzing (German pronunciation: [ˈhɪtsɪŋ] ⓘ) is the 13th district of Vienna (German: 13. Bezirk, Hietzing). It is located west of the central districts, west of Meidling. Hietzing is a heavily populated urban area with many residential buildings, but also contains large areas of the Vienna Woods, along with Schönbrunn Palace.
Edwin A. Miller
Edwin Adelbert Miller (July 18, 1857 – May 28, 1913) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly during the 1901 session. He represented Jackson County, Wisconsin as a Republican.

Miller was born in Belvidere, Illinois, the son of William J. Miller (1811–1899) and Rachel Minerva Heath Miller (1814–1895). Miller died at his home in Hixton, Wisconsin from hardening of the liver (cirrhosis). His brother, Jerome, was also a member of the Assembly.

Republican Party of Wisconsin
The Republican Party of Wisconsin is a conservative and populist political party in Wisconsin and is the Wisconsin affiliate of the United States Republican Party (GOP).  The state party chair is Brian Schimming. The state party is divided into 72 county parties for each of the state's counties, as well as organizations for the state's eight congressional districts. It currently controls the majority of Wisconsin's U.S. House seats, one of its U.S. Senate seats, and has majorites in both houses of the state legislature.