hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ivan Staykov
Ivan Kostadinov Staykov (Bulgarian: Иван Костадинов Стайков, October 24, 1926 – April 6, 2003) was a Bulgarian cross-country skier who competed in the 1950s.

He was born in Kazanlak and died in Sofia.

He finished 49th in the 18 km event at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo.

Kazanlak
Kazanlak (Bulgarian: Казанлък [kɐzɐnˈɫɤk] is a town in Stara Zagora Province, Bulgaria. It is located in the middle of the Kazanlak Valley, at the foot of the Balkan Mountains, which forms the eastern part of the Rose Valley. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Kazanlak Municipality. The ancient Thracian city of Seuthopolis was situated near the town.

The town is among the 15 biggest industrial centres in Bulgaria, with a population of 44,760 people as of Dec 2017.

It is the center of rose oil extraction in Bulgaria and the oil-producing rose of Kazanlak is one of the most widely recognizable national symbols.
Poplar and Stepney Rifles
The 17th (County of London) Battalion, The London Regiment (Poplar and Stepney Rifles), was a unit of Britain's Territorial Force formed in 1908 from Volunteer corps dating back to 1859. It saw considerable service on the Western Front, at Salonika and in Palestine during the First World War. It served as a motorised infantry regiment during the Second World War before conversion to an artillery unit in 1947 and subsequent amalgamation in 1967.

Scheldt
The Scheldt (/ʃɛlt, skɛlt/ SHELT, SKELT; French: Escaut [ɛsko] ⓘ; Dutch: Schelde [ˈsxɛldə] ⓘ) is a 435-kilometre-long (270 mi) river that flows through northern France, western Belgium, and the southwestern part of the Netherlands, with its mouth at the North Sea. Its name is derived from an adjective corresponding to Old English sċeald ("shallow"), Modern English shoal, Low German schol, West Frisian skol, and obsolete Swedish skäll ("thin").
Chechen cuisine
Chechen cuisine (Chechen: Нохчийн даар; Noxçiyn daar) encompasses the traditional cooking styles and dishes of the Chechen people of Chechnya (North Caucasus) and the Chechen diaspora. The mountainous geography of the region, as well as its history of warfare have had their influence on the traditional culinary practices of the Chechen people, as has a strong culture of hospitality.

The bases of Chechen cuisine are meat, leeks, cheese, pumpkin and corn. The main components of Chechen dishes include seasonings such as onion, wild garlic, pepper and thyme.

Chechen cuisine is known for having rich dishes, and is also typically simple to prepare and easily digestible. Many foods are boiled on an open stove, with boiled or steamed dumplings, called galnash, being a staple of Chechen cuisine.

Leek
A leek is a biennial vegetable, a cultivar of Allium ampeloprasum, the broadleaf wild leek (syn. Allium porrum). The edible part of the plant is a bundle of leaf sheaths that is sometimes colloquially called a "stem" or "stalk".

The genus Allium also contains the onion, garlic, shallot, scallion, chives, and Chinese onion. Three closely related vegetables—elephant garlic, kurrat and Persian leek or tareh—are also cultivars of A. ampeloprasum, although different in their culinary uses.
Live Bootleg (Audio Adrenaline album)
Live Bootleg is the first live album by American Christian rock band Audio Adrenaline, released on ForeFront Records on October 10, 1995. It contains live recordings of songs from the band's self-titled 1992 debut album and Don't Censor Me (1993), as well as an intro and a cover of "If You're Happy and You Know It". The album was recorded at concerts in Nevada, New Jersey, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Washington in autumn 1994.

If You're Happy and You Know It
"If You're Happy and You Know It" is a popular traditional American repetitive children's song, folksong, and drinking song. The song has been noted for its similarities to "Molodejnaya", a song appearing in the 1938 Soviet musical film Volga-Volga.
Aivar Riisalu
Aivar Riisalu (born 13 March 1961, Märjamaa) is an Estonian singer, businessman and politician. He has been member of XI and XII Riigikogu.

He was the singer for the popular ensemble Meie Mees. He is a member of Estonian Centre Party.

Estonian Centre Party
The Estonian Centre Party (Estonian: Eesti Keskerakond, EK) is a populist political party in Estonia. It was founded in 1991 as a direct successor of the Popular Front of Estonia, and it is currently led by Mihhail Kõlvart.
The party was founded on 12 October 1991 from the basis of the Popular Front of Estonia after several parties split from it. At that time, the party was called the People's Centre Party (Rahvakeskerakond) to differentiate from the smaller centre-right Rural Centre Party (Maa-Keskerakond). The party was a member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe until 14 September 2024.
Greater stick-nest rat
The greater stick-nest rat (Leporillus conditor), also known as the housebuilding rat and wopilkara, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. They are about the size of a small rabbit and construct large nests of interwoven sticks. Once widespread across southern Australia, the population was reduced after European colonisation to a remnant outpost on South Australia's Franklin Islands. The species has since been reintroduced to a series of protected and monitored areas, with varying levels of success.

Muridae
The Muridae, or murids, are either the largest or second-largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 870 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia.

The name Muridae comes from the Latin mus (genitive muris), meaning "mouse", since all true mice belong to the family, with the more typical mice belonging to the genus Mus.
Γ-Butyrolactone
γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) or gamma-butyrolactone is an organic compound with the formula O=CO(CH2)3. It is a hygroscopic, colorless, water-miscible liquid with a pleasant odor. It is the simplest 4-carbon lactone. It is mainly used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

In humans, GBL acts as a prodrug for gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and is often used as a recreational drug. GHB acts as a central nervous system (CNS) depressant with effects similar to those of barbiturates.

Barbiturate
Barbiturates are a class of depressant drugs that are chemically derived from barbituric acid. They are effective when used medically as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants, but have physical and psychological addiction potential as well as overdose potential among other possible adverse effects. They have been used recreationally for their anti-anxiety and sedative effects, and are thus controlled in most countries due to the risks associated with such use.

Barbiturates have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines ("Z-drugs") in routine medical practice, particularly in the treatment of anxiety disorders and insomnia, because of the significantly lower risk of overdose, and the lack of an antidote for barbiturate overdose. Despite this, barbiturates are still in use for various purposes: in general anesthesia, epilepsy, treatment of acute migraines or cluster headaches, acute tension headaches, euthanasia, capital punishment, and assisted suicide.
Joseph Guild
Captain Joseph Guild represented Dedham, Massachusetts in the Great and General Court. He was also town clerk for a total of four years, having first been elected in 1773. Additionally, he served seven terms as selectman, with his first election in 1768.

On the morning of April 19, 1775, a messenger came "down the Needham road" with news about the battle in Lexington.  Guild 'gagged a croaker' who said the news was false and in an hour" the "men of Dedham, even the old men, received their minister's blessing and went forth, in such numbers that scarce one male between sixteen and seventy was left at home."  Aaron Guild, a captain in the British Army during the French and Indian War, was plowing his fields in South Dedham (today Norwood) when he heard of the battle.  He immediately "left plough in furrow [and] oxen standing" to set forth for the conflict, arriving in time to fire upon the retreating British.

Norwood, Massachusetts
Norwood is a town and census-designated place in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. Norwood is part of the Greater Boston area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,611. The town was named after Norwood, England. Norwood is on the Neponset River, which runs all the way to Boston Harbor from Foxborough.
Pilch Fields
Pilch Fields is an 11.1-hectare (27-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) west of Great Horwood in Buckinghamshire. It is managed by the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust.

The site has two fields called Big Pilch and Little Pilch. The varied habitats in Big Pilch include wetland, fen, scrub, a stream and ridge-and-furrow grassland. The stream continues into Little Pilch, which has spring-fed fen and grassland. Over two hundred flowering plants have been recorded. Tall hedges provide additional ecological interest. Invertebrates include butterflies, moths and many ants. There are birds such as turtle doves, yellowhammers and reed buntings.

There is access from Pilch Lane through a small field which is part of the nature reserve but is not part of the SSSI.

Common reed bunting
The common reed bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus), or simply reed bunting, is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae. This species breeds throughout Europe and much of the Palearctic region. While most individuals migrate south in winter, those in the milder south and west of the range are resident. It is a common sight in reedbeds, but also breeds in drier open areas such as moorland and arable land. For example, it inhabits purple moor grass and rush pastures, which are designated as a Biodiversity Action Plan habitat in the UK. It occurs on poorly drained neutral and acid soils of the lowlands and upland fringe.
Minkkinen
Minkkinen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jaakko Minkkinen (born 1933), Finnish sports shooter

Arno Rafael Minkkinen (born 1945), Finnish photographer

Mikko Minkkinen (born 1984), Finnish figure skater

Suvi Minkkinen (born 1994), Finnish biathlete

Mikko Minkkinen
Mikko Minkkinen (born 23 May 1984 in Vantaa) is a Finnish former competitive figure skater. He is the 2008 Finnish national champion and the 2002 Junior national champion. He is the 2002 Nordic junior silver medalist and 2008 senior silver medalist.
Victor Banjo
Victor Adebukunola Banjolistenⓘ (1 April 1930 – 22 September 1967) was a colonel in the Nigerian Army. He fought in the Biafran Army during the Nigerian Civil War. Banjo was accused of being a coup plotter against Nigerian Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa by the government of Aguyi Ironsi. He was alleged to have staged a coup plot against Biafran President Emeka Ojukwu and was executed as a result. Ojukwu's first military judge stated that was not enough evidence to convict him of coup charges, but he was found guilty by a second military tribunal.

Abubakar Tafawa Balewa
Sir Abubakar Tafawa BalewaListenⓘ KBE PC (December 1912 – 15 January 1966) was the first and only Prime Minister of Nigeria. A dominant figure of Nigerian Independence, he was a conservative Anglophile. His political career spanned almost a quarter of a century.
Schultz Fire
The Schultz Fire was a wildfire which burned over 15,000 acres (6,100 ha), including Schultz Peak in Coconino National Forest near Flagstaff, Arizona, in June 2010. The suspected cause is a campfire left unattended, and the United States Forest Service is offering a $2500 reward for information.

The Schultz Fire began at 11:09 a.m. June 20 north of Flagstaff and grew rapidly due to high winds, requiring the Coconino County sheriff to close U.S. 89 and evacuate 748 homes, an animal shelter, Sunset Crater and Wupatki National Monument. 300 firefighters responded, including personnel from the U.S. Forest Service and a Type One Incident Management Team, sent to events of "national significance".

U.S. Route 89
U.S. Route 89 (US 89) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway with two sections, and one former section. The southern section runs for 848 miles (1,365 km) from Flagstaff, Arizona, to the southern entrance of Yellowstone National Park. The northern section runs for 404 miles (650 km) from the northern entrance of Yellowstone National Park in Montana, ending at the Canadian border. Unnumbered roads through Yellowstone connect the two sections. Before 1992, US 89 was a Canada–Mexico, border-to-border highway that ended at Nogales, Arizona, on its southern end.

Sometimes called the National Park Highway, US 89 links seven national parks across the Mountain West. In addition, 14 other national park areas, mostly national monuments, are also reachable from this backbone through the Colorado Plateau, Wasatch Mountains and northern Rockies.

National Geographic named US Route 89 the No. 1 Driver's Drive in the world.
Marc Magnan
Marc Magnan (born February 17, 1962) is a Canadian retired ice hockey player who played four games in the National Hockey League for the Toronto Maple Leafs during the 1982–83 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1982 to 1988, was spent in the minor leagues.

Magnan was born in Edmonton, Alberta. He played his junior ice hockey with the Lethbridge Broncos. After finishing his junior hockey in 1982, he joined the Maple Leafs organization and played for their minor league St. Catharines Saints team. He was called up for four game with Toronto that season, which turned out to be his only time in the NHL. He returned to the minor leagues and played five more seasons.

Lethbridge Broncos
The Lethbridge Broncos were a junior ice hockey team in the Western Hockey League from 1974 until 1986. They played at the Lethbridge Sportsplex.

Division titles won: 1977–78, 1981–82

Regular season titles won: 1981–82

WHL Championships won: 1982–83

Memorial Cup Titles: None
Mischa Cotlar
Mischa  Cotlar (1913, Sarny, Russian Empire – January 16, 2007, Buenos Aires, Argentina) was a mathematician who started his scientific career in Uruguay and worked most of his life on it in Argentina and Venezuela.

His contributions to mathematics are in the fields of harmonic analysis, ergodic theory and spectral theory.  He introduced the Cotlar–Stein lemma. He was the author or co-author of over 80 articles in refereed journals.

According to Alberto Calderón, Cotlar showed in 1955 "that theorems on singular integrals can be generalized and put in the framework of ergodic theory." According to Krause, Lacey, and Wierdl, Karl E. Petersen in 1983 published an "especially direct proof" of Cotlar's 1955 theorem.

In January 1994 in Caracas, an international conference was held in his honor.

Alberto Calderón
Alberto Pedro Calderón (September 14, 1920 – April 16, 1998) was an Argentine mathematician. His name is associated with the University of Buenos Aires, but first and foremost with the University of Chicago, where Calderón and his mentor, the analyst Antoni Zygmund, developed the theory of singular integral operators. This created the "Chicago School of (hard) Analysis" (sometimes simply known as the "Calderón-Zygmund School").

Calderón's work ranged over a wide variety of topics: from singular integral operators to partial differential equations, from interpolation theory to Cauchy integrals on Lipschitz curves, from ergodic theory to inverse problems in electrical prospection. Calderón's work has also had a powerful impact on practical applications including signal processing, geophysics, and tomography.
Margriet
Margriet is a Dutch feminine given name, a form of Margaretha (Margaret). People with the name include:

Princess Margriet of the Netherlands (born 1943), Dutch princess

Margriet Bleijerveld (born 1958), Dutch hockey player

Margriet Ehlen (born 1943), Dutch poet

Margriet Hermans (born 1954), Belgian politician

Margriet Heymans (1932–2023), Dutch writer and illustrator of children's literature

Margriet Hoenderdos (1952–2010), Dutch composer

Margriet Kloppenburg (born 1988), Danish racing cyclist

Margriet Matthijsse (born 1977), Dutch sailor

Margriet de Moor (born 1941), Dutch writer

Margriet van Noort (1587–1646), Dutch Discalced Carmelite writer

Margriet Smulders (born 1955), Dutch photographer

Margriet Tindemans (1951–2014), Dutch violinist

Margriet Zegers (born 1954), Dutch hockey player

Margriet Matthijsse
Margriet Matthijsse (born 16 April 1977, in Rotterdam) is a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented her country for the first time at the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta. Matthijsse took the silver in Europe. In the 2000 Olympics in Sydney Matthijsse took her second silver medal again in Europe. Matthijsse final Olympic appearance was during the 2004 Olympics in Athens. As crew in the Women's 470 with helmsman Lisa Westerhof she took 9th place.

She received the ISAF World Sailor of the Year Award in 1999.
Matthew Booth (actor)
Matthew James Booth is an English actor from Normanton, West Yorkshire. He is well known for playing the role of postman Paul Marsden on ITV's Emmerdale from 2003 until the character's death in 2004. He has also appeared in Coronation Street, At Home with the Braithwaites, The Royal, The Ward and Hollyoaks. He is a lifelong fan of Manchester United F.C. and once appeared in a Vodafone commercial with David Beckham.

At Home with the Braithwaites
At Home with the Braithwaites is a British comedy-drama television series created and written by Sally Wainwright (except for the final four episodes). The storyline follows a suburban family in Leeds, whose life is turned upside down when the mother of the family wins £38 million on the lottery. The show was broadcast on ITV and produced by Yorkshire Television for 26 episodes, from 20 January 2000 to 9 April 2003.

At the beginning of the first series, each member of the Braithwaite family has an issue. Mother Alison has to decide what to do with the winnings, and when to tell her family; father David is having an affair with Elaine Fishwick, his secretary; eldest daughter Virginia is on the verge of dropping out of university; middle daughter Sarah has a crush on her drama teacher; and youngest daughter Charlotte suspects that Alison may be the mystery lottery winner.
Gilvossius tyrrhenus
Gilvossius tyrrhenus (formerly Pestarella tyrrhena) is a species of mud shrimp which grows to a length of 70 mm (2.8 in). It lives in burrows in shallow sandy parts of the sea-bed in the Mediterranean Sea and northern Atlantic Ocean. It is the most common thalassinidean in the Mediterranean, and has been used as bait by fishermen for at least 200 years.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.
Leo Graetz
Leo Graetz (26 September 1856 – 12 November 1941) was a German physicist.  He was born in Breslau, Germany, and was the son of historian Heinrich Graetz.

Graetz was one of the first to investigate the propagation of electromagnetic energy. The Graetz number (Gz), a dimensionless number describing heat flow, is named after him. Also sometimes known by his name is the diode bridge rectifier circuit that was invented by Polish electrotechnician Karol Pollak in 1896 and that was independently invented and published by Leo Graetz in 1897.

In 1880 he confirmed the Stefan–Boltzmann law.

Graetz died in Munich at age 85.

Stefan–Boltzmann law
The Stefan–Boltzmann law, also known as Stefan's law, describes the intensity of the thermal radiation emitted by matter in terms of that matter's temperature.  It is named for Josef Stefan, who empirically derived the relationship, and Ludwig Boltzmann who derived the law theoretically.

For an ideal absorber/emitter or black body, the Stefan–Boltzmann law states that the total energy radiated per unit surface area per unit time (also known as the radiant exitance) is directly proportional to the fourth power of the black body's temperature, T:

The constant of proportionality, , is called the Stefan–Boltzmann constant. It has the value

In the general case, the Stefan–Boltzmann law for radiant exitance takes the form:

where  is the emissivity of the surface emitting the radiation.  The emissivity is generally between zero and one.  An emissivity of one corresponds to a black body.
Kolob
Kolob (/ˈkoʊlɒb/ KOH-lob) is a star described in the Book of Abraham, a sacred text of the Latter-day Saint movement, as the heavenly body nearest to the throne of God. Several Latter-day Saint denominations believe that the Book of Abraham was translated from an ancient Egyptian papyrus scroll by Joseph Smith, the movement's founder. While the Book of Abraham calls Kolob a "star", it also calls planets "stars", and therefore some Latter-day Saint commentators consider Kolob a planet. Kolob also appears in the culture of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), such as the hymn, "If You Could Hie to Kolob."

B. H. Roberts
Brigham Henry Roberts (March 13, 1857 – September 27, 1933) was a historian, politician, and leader in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). He edited the seven-volume History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and independently wrote the six-volume Comprehensive History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Roberts also wrote Studies of the Book of Mormon—published posthumously—which discussed the validity of the Book of Mormon as an ancient record.  Roberts was denied a seat as a member of United States Congress because of his practice of polygamy.
Ray Johnson
Raymond Edward "Ray" Johnson (October 16, 1927 – January 13, 1995) was an American artist. Known primarily as a collagist and correspondence artist, he was a seminal figure in the history of Neo-Dada and early Pop art and was described as  "New York's most famous unknown artist". Johnson also staged and participated in early performance art events as the founder of a far-ranging mail art network – the New York Correspondence School – which picked up momentum in the 1960s and is still active today. He is occasionally associated with members of the Fluxus movement but was never a member. He lived in New York City from 1949 to 1968, when he moved to a small town in Long Island and remained there until his suicide.

Neo-Dada
Neo-Dada was an art movement with audio, visual and literary manifestations that had similarities in method or intent with earlier Dada artwork. It sought to close the gap between art and daily life, and was a combination of playfulness, iconoclasm, and appropriation. In the United States the term was popularized by Barbara Rose in the 1960s and refers primarily, although not exclusively, to work created in that and the preceding decade. There was also an international dimension to the movement, particularly in Japan and in Europe, serving as the foundation of Fluxus, Pop Art and Nouveau réalisme.

Neo-Dada has been exemplified by its use of modern materials, popular imagery, and absurdist contrast. It was a reaction to the personal emotionalism of Abstract Expressionism and, taking a lead from the practice of Marcel Duchamp and Kurt Schwitters, denied traditional concepts of aesthetics.