hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oaxaca Valley
The Central Valleys (Spanish: Valles Centrales) of Oaxaca, also simply known as the Oaxaca Valley, is a geographic region located within the modern-day state of Oaxaca in southeastern Mexico. In an administrative context, it has been defined as comprising the districts of Etla, Centro, Zaachila, Zimatlán, Ocotlán, Tlacolula and Ejutla. The valley, which is located within the Sierra Madre Mountains, is shaped like a distorted and almost upside-down “Y,” with each of its arms bearing specific names: the northwestern Etla arm, the central southern Valle Grande, and the Tlacolula arm to the east.  The Oaxaca Valley was home to the Zapotec civilization, one of the earliest complex societies in Mesoamerica, and the later Mixtec culture. A number of important and well-known archaeological sites are found in the Oaxaca Valley, including Monte Albán, Mitla, San José Mogote and Yagul. Today, the capital of the state, the city of Oaxaca, is located in the central portion of the valley.

Complex society
A complex society is characterized by the following modern features:

Organizational society wherein its economy is structured according to specialization and a division of labor. These economic features spawn a bureaucratic class and often lead to inequality. Leading to the rise of a ruling elite.

Archaeologically, features such as big architectural projects such as temples, palaces, public works etc and prescribed burial rites.

Large scale agricultural development, leads to surplus food, which allows members of the society the time for developing and practicing specialized skill sets, other than farming.

Organized political structure and state institutions.

The term is mostly used as shorthand to indicate a society with intricate political organization and using technology to expand economic production.
Brandon Wagner (basketball)
Brandon Wagner (born April 18, 1983) is a Canadian wheelchair basketball player from Kitchener, Ontario. He began playing wheelchair basketball in 2002 and joined the U23 junior national team in 2005. In 2007, he won a silver medal at the Parapan American Games in Rio de Janeiro. A year later, he supported the University of Illinois toward a collegiate championship win. In 2009, he was named Student-Athlete of the Year at his alma mater, and two years later, he won bronze at the 2011 Parapan American Games in  Guadalajara, Mexico. In 2012, he participated in his first Olympics in London, where he won gold.

2011 Parapan American Games
The 4th Parapan American Games took place from November 12 to 20 in Guadalajara, Mexico. The Games are an international multi-sport event for athletes with a physical disability. The Games were held 20 days after the 2011 Pan American Games began.
Transit (band)
Transit was an American rock band from Stoneham, Massachusetts. From their formation in 2006 to their split in 2016, they released five albums, four EPs, and a split EP with Man Overboard. Although they largely took influence from emo acts such as Saves the Day, Death Cab for Cutie, American Football, Fairweather, Lifetime, and Hot Water Music their sound transformed from a fusion of pop punk and contemporary emo from their early releases into an indie rock sound by their final release, Joyride.

Stoneham, Massachusetts
Stoneham (/ˈstoʊnəm/ STO-nəm) is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, nine miles (14 km) north of downtown Boston. Its population was 23,244 at the 2020 census. Its proximity to major highways and public transportation offers convenient access to Boston and the North Shore coastal region and beaches of Massachusetts. The town is the birthplace of the Olympic figure-skating medalist Nancy Kerrigan and is the location of the Stone Zoo.
Harmony (Don Williams album)
Harmony is the fifth studio album by American country music artist Don Williams. It was released in 1976 by ABC Records, and is his only album to have reached number one on the Top Country Albums chart. The singles, "Till the Rivers All Run Dry" and "Say It Again" reached number one on the US country singles chart, while "She Never Knew Me" peaked at number two.

Garth Fundis
Garth Fundis is an American country music record producer. Active since the 1970s, Fundis has produced albums for several country artists, including Alabama, Don Williams, Trisha Yearwood, Sugarland, and Keith Whitley. He has also served as a judge on the Colgate Country Showdown.

In the mid-1990s, Fundis was the director of operations for Almo Sounds' Nashville division.
Bilton (surname)
Bilton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Bilton, British academic and novelist

Caroline Bilton (born 1976), British television presenter

Belle Bilton (1866–1906), music hall actress

Flo Bilton (1921–2004), English association football coach and administrator

Greg Bilton (born 1965), Lieutenant-General in the Australian Army

James Bilton (1908–1988), Canadian politician

John Bilton, English football coach and former player

Michael Bilton (1919–1993), British actor

Nick Bilton, British non-fiction author

Alan Bilton
Alan Bilton  is a British academic and novelist. His debut novel, The Sleepwalker's Ball, was published in May 2009 by the small independent Welsh press Alcemi. As an academic working for the American Studies department of the University of Wales, Swansea, his areas of expertise and interest are 20th-century / Contemporary American Fiction,
American Film (especially Silent Cinema), Modernism, Postmodernism and Psychoanalysis (particularly the works and theories of Sigmund Freud).
2021 FIFA Arab Cup Group A
Group A of the 2021 FIFA Arab Cup took place from 30 November 2021 to 6 December 2021. The group consisted of hosts Qatar, Iraq, Oman and Bahrain.

The top two teams, Qatar and Oman, advanced to the quarter-finals.

Polish Football Association
The Polish Football Association (Polish: Polski Związek Piłki Nożnej; PZPN) is the governing body of association football in Poland. It organizes the Polish football leagues (without the Ekstraklasa), the national cups, and manages the men's and women's national teams. It also runs the national futsal and beach soccer competitions. It is based in the Polish capital of Warsaw.
Charlie Parker's Yardbird
Charlie Parker's Yardbird is an opera with music by Swiss composer Daniel Schnyder and an English-language libretto by Bridgette A. Wimberly. It was co-commissioned by Opera Philadelphia and Gotham Chamber Opera. The opera concerns the jazz icon Charlie Parker, his tumultuous life and his relationships; it is also about America, its music, its opioid crisis, and its racial inequality.

Gotham Chamber Opera
Gotham Chamber Opera was a professional opera company located in New York City. The company was founded in 2000 under the name of the Henry Street Chamber Opera by Artistic Director Neal Goren and specialized in producing rarely performed chamber operas from the Baroque era to the present. In 2003, it changed its name to the Gotham Chamber Opera (GCO) after incorporating as an independent 501(c)(3) organization. Its Executive Director was Edward Barnes, who took over from David Bennett. It closed in 2015.
Autobetrieb Sernftal
The Autobetrieb Sernftal AG is a bus operating company in the Swiss canton of Glarus. The company operates under the trading name of Sernftalbus. The company is the successor to the company that operated the Sernftal tramway between Schwanden and Elm between 1905 and 1969. It still operates the bus service that replaced that tramway, together with several other bus services in the area, and a coach hire business.

The company operates several bus services from Schwanden railway station:

an hourly service up the valley of the Sernf river through Engi and Matt to Elm

an hourly service to Schwändi

a service to Sool, with several return journeys a day

a summer-only service to Kies, with several return journeys a day connecting with the aerial tramway to Mettmen

Aerial tramway
An aerial tramway, aerial tram, sky tram, cable car or aerial cablecar, aerial cableway or ropeway is a type of aerial lift that uses one or two stationary cables for support, with a third moving cable providing propulsion. With this form of lift, the grip of an aerial tramway cabin is fixed onto the propulsion cable and cannot be decoupled from it during operation. Aerial tramways usually provide lower line capacities and longer wait times than gondola lifts.
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Art Direction for a Single-Camera Series
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Art Direction for a Single-Camera Series is a retired award that was handed out annually at the Creative Arts Emmy Awards. In 2014, the category was restructured into Outstanding Production Design for a Narrative Contemporary or Fantasy Program (One Hour or More), Outstanding Production Design for a Narrative Program (Half-Hour or Less) and Outstanding Production Design for a Narrative Period Program (One Hour or More).

Creative Arts Emmy Awards
The Creative Arts Emmys are a class of Emmy Awards presented in recognition of technical and other similar achievements in American television programming. They are commonly awarded to behind-the-scenes personnel such as production designers, set decorators, video editors, costume designers, cinematographers, casting directors, and sound editors.

The Creative Arts category includes additional awards for outstanding animated programs, commercials, and guest actors.

The first Creative Arts Emmys were held in 1970 alongside the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards due to the growing number of categories at the time. The Primetime Creative Arts and Daytime Creative Arts awards are presented at separate Creative Arts ceremonies on the weekend before their respective main Primetime and Daytime ceremonies. The Emmy awards for Sports are presented in a single ceremony, giving both the main and the creative arts awards.
Pablo Torres (cyclist, born 2005)
Pablo Torres Arias (born 10 November 2005) is a Spanish professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam UAE Team Emirates XRG. A climber, he finished second overall and won two stages of the 2024 Tour de l'Avenir. He also placed second in the Giro Next Gen the same year.

UAE Team Emirates XRG
UAE Team Emirates XRG (UCI team code: UAD) is an Emirati road bicycle racing team. The team competes at the UCI WorldTeam level and has done so since the UCI World Tour was formed as the top category of road cycling in 2005.

Since becoming UAE Team Emirates in 2018, the team has won the Tour de France four times and the Giro d'Italia once, with Slovenian rider Tadej Pogačar. Pogačar has also won the Monuments of Giro di Lombardia (4 times), Liège–Bastogne–Liège (3 times) and Tour of Flanders (2 times) for the team.

The "XRG" in the current team name indicates the addition of UAE energy sponsor XRG as co-title sponsor and the official energy partner in late 2024, for a 6-year partnership.
Tokio Formation
The Tokio Formation is a Late Cretaceous geologic formation in Arkansas and Oklahoma. Named in 1919 by Hugh Dinsmore Miser and Albert Homer Purdue in their study of Arkansas. They assigned the town of Tokio, Hempstead County, Arkansas as the type locality, but did not designate a stratotype for this unit.

United States portal

Paleontology portal

Stratotype
In geology, a stratotype or type section is the physical location or outcrop of a particular reference exposure of a stratigraphic sequence or stratigraphic boundary. If the stratigraphic unit is layered, it is called a stratotype, whereas the standard of reference for unlayered rocks is the type locality.

It can also be defined as "The particular sequence of strata chosen as standard of reference of a layered stratigraphic unit."

When a stratigraphic unit is nowhere fully exposed, the original type section may be supplemented with reference sections covering the full thickness of the unit. A reference section may also be defined when the original type section is poorly exposed, or for historical units which were designated without specifying a type section according to more modern standards.
Red-masked parakeet
The red-masked parakeet (Psittacara erythrogenys) is a medium-sized parrot from Ecuador and Peru. It is popular as a pet and are better known in aviculture as the cherry-headed conure or the red-headed conure. They are also considered the best talkers of all the conures.

Aviculture
Aviculture is the practice of keeping and breeding birds, especially of wild birds in captivity, and including poultry, in controlled conditions, normally within the confines of a cage or an aviary.

Some reasons for aviculture are: breeding birds as a hobby, a business like a zoo, or sometimes for research and conservation purposes to preserve and protect some endangered avian species that are at risk due to habitat destruction, the illegal wildlife trade, diseases, and natural disasters. Aviculture encourages conservation, provides education about avian species, provides companion birds for the public, and includes research on avian behaviour. Popular birds people like to keep and breed include budgerigars, cockatiels, finches, macaws, domestic canaries, columbidae (pigeons and doves), loriini (lories and lorikeets), cockatoos, conures, and African grey parrots.
St Andrew's Girls College, Nawalapitiya
St. Andrew's Girls' College (Sinhala: ශාන්ත අන්දෲගේ බාලිකා මහා විදුහල, Tamil: செயிண்ட் ஆண்ட்ரூ'ஸ் கேர்ல்ஸ் 'கல்லூரி) is a school in Central Province, Sri Lanka. It is situated in the Kandy District The school is located near Mahaweli Ganga, close to the Nawalapitiya Police station and in front of the Nawalapitiya railway station. It was the first school that was started in Nawalapitiya as a mixed school. It currently operates as a girls only school.

Central Province, Sri Lanka
The Central Province (Sinhala: මධ්‍යම පළාත Madhyama Paḷāta, Tamil: மத்திய மாகாணம் Maddiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 567,400 ha (1,402,000 acres) and a population of 2,421,148, making it the second most populated province. The city of Kandy has been its capital since 1469.

The Central Province is located primarily in the central mountainous terrain of Sri Lanka. It is bordered by the North Central Province to the north, the Uva Province to the east, the North Western Province to the west and the Sabaragamuwa Province to the south and west.

The province is famous for its production of Ceylon tea, the cultivation of which was initiated by the British in the 1860s after a devastating disease killed all coffee plantations in the province. The province attracts many tourists, with hill station towns such as Gampola, Hatton and Nuwara Eliya. The province is home to four UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Dillons Run
Dillons Run is a 12.9-mile-long (20.8 km) tributary stream of the Cacapon River, belonging to the Potomac River and Chesapeake Bay watersheds. The stream is located in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle.

Eastern panhandle of West Virginia
The eastern panhandle is one of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia; the other is the northern panhandle. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the eastern panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is the only U.S. state with two panhandles.
Rumania Montevideo
Rumania Montevideo is a Japanese pop band under the Giza Studio label. They were active from 1998 to 2002 and reformed in 2019. The band name comes from the combination of the Latin spelling of Romania and Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay.

Music Station
Music Station (ミュージックステーション, Myūjikku Sutēshon), stylised in all caps, is a Japanese music television program. Broadcasting live weekly on TV Asahi since October 24, 1986, it currently airs from 9PM-10PM on Fridays. The program is also colloquially known as M St. (Mステ, Emu Sute), MS (エムエス, Emu Esu), and M Station (Mステーション, Emu Sutēshon).
The program has been aired internationally on Animax's networks in Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and other regions from March 2007. It was also seen in the United States and Canada through the NHK-owned TV Japan until the network's closure at the end of March 2024 and was replaced by the Jme Japanese streaming platform, in Hong Kong via TVB J2 before it was renamed to TVB Plus in April 2024, in Singapore through Hello Japan! before the channel went off the air in July of 2015 and in the People's Republic of China through CCTV-15.
Loparskaya
Loparskaya (Russian: Лопарская) is a rural locality (a railway station) in Pushnovsky Territorial Okrug of Kolsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located on the Kola Peninsula beyond the Arctic Circle at a height of 106 meters (348 ft) above sea level. Population: 173 (2010 Census).

Murmansk Oblast
Murmansk Oblast is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia, located in the northwestern part of the country, with a total land area of 144,900 square kilometres (55,900 sq mi). Its only internal border is the Republic of Karelia to the south, and it is bordered internationally by Finland to the west and Norway to the northwest and the Barents Sea lies to the north and White Sea lies to the south and east. Its administrative center is the city of Murmansk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 795,409; however, at the 2021 Census, the population had declined to 667,744.
Fishing (Carracci)
Fishing (or Fishing Scene) is a painting by Italian artist Annibale Carracci, painted before 1595 and given to Louis XIV by Prince Camillo Pamphili in 1665.  It is currently held and exhibited at the Louvre in Paris.

Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili
Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili, 1st Prince of San Martino al Cimino and Valmontone (21 February 1622 – 26 July 1666) was an Italian Catholic cardinal and nobleman of the Pamphili family. His name is often spelled with the final long i orthography; Pamphilj.
Eduardo Biazus
Eduardo Henrique Biazus (born 13 March 2001), known as Eduardo Biazus, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays for Portuguesa. Mainly a centre-back, he can also play as a defensive midfielder.

Campeonato Paulista Série A4
Campeonato Paulista Série A4 (previous known as Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão) is the fourth tier of the professional state football league in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. It is run by the São Paulo State Football Federation (FPF).
Praxis (proposed city)
Praxis is a company founded by Dryden Brown and Charlie Callinan, with Howard Hughes Corporation founder David Weinreb as Vice Chairman. Praxis describes itself as an "internet-native nation", and has stated plans to create a 10,000 population city in the Mediterranean. Brown has not determined the location of the city and the company's vision has been called unrealistic.

As of January 2026, Praxis states that it has 151,068 citizens, from 80 different countries and that companies founded by Praxis members have an aggregate valuation of $1,117 billion.

Although original Praxis plans included development in the Mediterranean, the company has explored Greenland as a site. In November 2024, Zetland reported that Brown had traveled to Greenland and spoken with Greenlandic politicians about the project, e.g. Pele Broberg.

Pele Broberg
Pele Broberg (born 3 November 1972) is a Greenlandic politician, entrepreneur and pilot who is the current Chairman of Naleraq since 2022. He previously served as Minister for Foreign Affairs, Trade, Climate, and Business in 2021, though the foreign affairs and climate portfolios were reassigned to Premier Múte Bourup Egede in September of that year following a controversy. Broberg also served as Minister for Finance in 2018.
Julien Hoferlin
Julien "Juju" Hoferlin (5 July 1966 – 8 April 2016) was a Belgian tennis coach.

Hoferlin was between 2006 and 2008, coach of the Belgium Davis Cup team. During his career he was the coach of among others Dominique Monami, Olivier Rochus, Christophe Rochus, Steve Darcis and Maryna Zanevska.
From 2008 until 2014, Hoferlin was employed by the British Lawn Tennis Association and worked with many players, including coaching Dan Evans, Johanna Konta, Alex Ward and Oliver Golding on an individual basis.

Hoferlin attended the 2012 Davis Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I tie between Great Britain and Belgium, as Dan Evans' coach. Belgium eventually won 4-1.

After leaving the LTA, Hoferlin returned to Belgium to coach Maryna Zanevska and Steve Darcis and was a consultant to the Royal Belgian Tennis Federation.

Hoferlin died in April 2016 at the age of 49, due to a brain tumor.

Royal Belgian Tennis Federation
The Royal Belgian Tennis Federation (Dutch: Koninklijke Belgische Tennisbond; French: Fédération Royale Belge de Tennis) is an organisation set up in 1902 that formally takes charge of tennis in Belgium. From 1979 on, most tasks are executed by the tennis branches of the Flemish and Francophone Communities. The Belgian Federation is one of the 15 inaugural members of the International Tennis Federation. Its headquarters are located in the Brussels Capital Region, in the municipality of Ixelles.
Dread and Terror Ridge
Dread and Terror Ridge is a ridge in Douglas County, Oregon, in the United States. It is approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) long, with an elevation of 4,629 ft (1,411 m), and lies south of the North Umpqua River. A segment of the North Umpqua Trail takes it name from the ridge.

The ridge was named in 1908 from the great number of whitethorn brush there.

North Umpqua Trail
The North Umpqua Trail is a multi-use trail open for hiking, mountain biking and horse-back riding that follows the North Umpqua River in Southern Oregon, United States.  The trail is about 79 miles (127 km) long. It is broken up into 12 segments, ranging from 3.5 to 13 miles (21 km) in length. The trail ranges in elevation from 800 feet (240 m) to about 6,000 feet (1,800 m).
Small nucleolar RNA Z152/R70/R12
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA Z152 (homologous to R70 and R12) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
snoRNA Z152 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
Plant snoRNA Z152 was identified in screens of Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa, having the common name Asian cultivated rice, is the much more common of the two rice species cultivated as a cereal, the other species being O. glaberrima, African rice. It was first domesticated in the Yangtze River basin in China 13,500 to 8,200 years ago.

Oryza sativa belongs to the genus Oryza and the BOP clade in the grass family Poaceae. With a genome consisting of 430 Mbp across 12 chromosomes, it is renowned for being easy to genetically modify and is a model organism for the study of the biology of cereals and monocots.