hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rhinella arborescandens
Rhinella arborescandens is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Peru and only known from its type locality near Mendoza, northern Cordillera Central, in the Amazonas Region. It is unusual among Rhinella toads because it is arboreal, hence the specific name arborescandens, derived from Latin arbor for tree and scando meaning to climb.

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
Syed Hasan Mahmood
Makhdoomzada Syed Hasan Mahmood (27 November 1922 – 25 August 1986) was a Pakistani cricket patron, administrator, and politician who served as the Chief Minister of Bahawalpur State. He also served as the Leader of the Opposition in the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab between Feb 1986 and Aug 1986.

He played first-class cricket for Bahawalpur and Karachi cricket team in 1951–52.

He also served as a vice president of the Board of Control for Cricket in Pakistan (BCCP) and also chairman of the selection panel in 1954.

Bahawalpur (princely state)
State of Bahawalpur was a state in the Punjab region of South Asia that existed as a sovereign polity from 1748 to 1833 and as a princely state, under subsidiary alliance with British India and later Dominion of Pakistan, from 1833 to 1955. It was a part of the Punjab States Agency; and covered an area of 45,911 km2 (17,726 sq mi) with a population of 1,341,209 in 1941. The capital of the state was the town of Bahawalpur.

The state was founded in 1748 by Nawab Bahawal Khan Abbasi. On 22 February 1833, Abbasi III entered into a subsidiary alliance with the British, by which Bahawalpur was admitted as a princely state. When British rule ended in 1947 and British Raj was partitioned into India and Pakistan, Bahawalpur joined the Dominion of Pakistan. Bahawalpur remained an autonomous entity until 14 October 1955, when it was merged with the province of West Pakistan.
Nargi-Jagdish
Nargi-Jagdish is an Indian hamlet. It is also known as Greenly Village. It is located in Narangi Jiwnath Panchayat of the Saraiya block, within Muzaffarpur district, Bihar state, India.

Village is known for its foliage, and is surrounded by Mango, Lichi, and Banana trees and grass fields. These grass fields are home to many wild animals, such as jackals, foxes, Nilgais, and venomous snakes, including the cobra. There are many small ponds all around the village.

Agriculture is the main occupation, but there has been an increasing trend of working outside the state, mainly in Delhi, Rajasthan, and Assam.

Nargi-jagdish is directly linked by road to main cities, including Muzaffarpur (22 km), Vaishali (16 km), and Sharaiya (10 km).

In 1991, the population of Nargi Jiwnath Panchayat was 6709.  Its main crops include rice, wheat, maize, and pulses, and its inhabitants are chiefly employed by agriculture, fisheries, and horticulture.

Vaishali district
Vaishali district is a district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is a part of Tirhut division. Vaishali is known for being the birthplace of Mahavira of the Jain religion. Hajipur, its largest city and district headquarters, is known for its banana forest. The district is connected via the NH-77 and NH-322 highways, Gandhi Setu and Jay Prakash Setu (JP Setu) Bridges over(Holy) Ganga River which connect the state capital Patna, the division headquarters Muzaffarpur, and the eastward district Samastipur.
Cecil Swanson
Christianity portal

Cecil Beresford Swanson CM (24 February 1889 – 19 January 1984) was a Canadian Anglican priest.

Swanson was born in Clapham, educated at the University of Toronto and ordained in 1913. His first post was at Carmacks, Yukon after which he was the Incumbent at Whitehorse. He came to Lethbridge in 1922 and became its Archdeacon in 1926. In 1932 he was appointed Archdeacon of Calgary and in 1940 Dean of New Westminster. His last senior post was as Archdeacon of Toronto.

He was appointed a Member of the Order of Canada in 1978.

New Westminster
New Westminster (colloquially known as New West, hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓: sӽəyəməɬ) is a city in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada, and a member municipality of the Metro Vancouver Regional District.

It was founded in 1858 by Richard Clement Moody as the capital of the Colony of British Columbia, and served as such until the mainland and Vancouver Island colonies were merged to form the new Colony of British Columbia in 1866. It was the British Columbia mainland's largest city from its foundation until the first decade of the 20th century, when it was surpassed in population by Vancouver.

It is located on the banks of the Fraser River as it turns southwest towards its estuary, on the southwest side of the Burrard Peninsula and roughly at the centre of the Greater Vancouver region.
Aromaticum rosatum
Aromaticum rosatum was a powder used in traditional medicine made of red roses, liquorice, aloeswood, yellowheart, cinnamon, cloves, mace, gum tragacanth, nutmegs, cardamoms, galangals, spikenard, ambergris, and musk mixed together. It was chiefly prescribed in cordial and cephalic boles and electuaries.  It was believed to act as a tonic on the heart, stomach and liver.

Spikenard
Spikenard, also called nard, nardin, and muskroot, is a class of aromatic amber-colored essential oil derived from Nardostachys jatamansi, a flowering plant in the honeysuckle family which grows in the Himalayas of Nepal, China, and India. The oil has been used over centuries as a perfume, a traditional medicine, or in religious ceremonies across a wide territory from India to Europe. Historically, the name nard has also referred to essential oils derived from other species including the closely related valerian genus, as well as Spanish lavender; these cheaper, more common plants have been used in perfume-making, and sometimes to adulterate true spikenard.
Vivo Y50
The Vivo Y50 (stylized as vivo Y50) is a mid-range Android smartphone developed by Vivo, officially announced in April 2020. The device aimed to provide a balance of modern features, including a large display, a versatile camera system, and a substantial battery, at an accessible price point.

Vivo (technology company)
Vivo Mobile Communication Co., Ltd., d/b/a vivo (stylized as all lowercase), is a Chinese multinational technology company headquartered in Dongguan, Guangdong, that designs and develops smartphones, smartphone accessories, software, and online services. The company develops software for its phones, distributed through its V-Appstore, with iManager included in their proprietary, Android-based operating system, Origin OS in mainland China, and Funtouch OS elsewhere. It has 40,000 employees, with 10 R&D centers in Shenzhen, Dongguan, Nanjing, Beijing, Hangzhou, Shanghai, Xi'an, Taipei, Tokyo, and San Diego.
Broad Daylight (film)
Broad Daylight is a 1922 American silent crime film directed by Irving Cummings and written by Harvey Gates. The film stars Lois Wilson, Jack Mulhall, Ralph Lewis, Kenneth Gibson, Wilton Taylor, and Ben Hewlett. The film was released on October 30, 1922, by Universal Film Manufacturing Company.

Harvey Gates
Harvey Harris Gates (January 19, 1894 – November 4, 1948) was an American screenwriter of the silent era. He wrote for more than 200 films between 1913 and 1948. He was born in Hawaii and died in Los Angeles, California.
Kanae Yamabe
Kanae Yamabe (山部 佳苗, Yamabe Kanae; born 22 September 1990 in Hokkaido) is a Japanese female judoka.

Yamabe started judo at the age of 6. Her favorite technique is harai Goshi.

In 2009, Yamabe won a bronze medal in the +78 kg weight class at the 2009 World Judo Juniors Championships in Paris.

In 2015, Yamabe won a bronze medal in the heavyweight (+78 kg) division at the 2015 World Judo Championships.

Harai goshi
Harai goshi (払腰) is one of the original 40 throws of Judo as developed by Kano Jigoro.  It belongs to the second group of the traditional throwing list in the Gokyo no waza of the Kodokan Judo. It is also part of the current 67 Throws of Kodokan Judo, and classified as a hip technique (koshiwaza). Harai goshi is also one of the 20 techniques in Danzan ryu's Nagete list as well as one of the 18 throws in the Kar-do-Jitsu-Ryu martial arts system. English terms include "Sweeping hip throw" and "Hip Sweep".
Bosnia and Herzegovina wine
Bosnia and Herzegovina wine is wine made in the Balkan country of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Bosnia and Herzegovina vineyards are located in the southern regions of the country, with production focused in the area south of Mostar around the towns of Čitluk, Međugorje, Ljubuški, and Čapljina. Several wineries are also located in the northern region of Bosnia, with the most notable being the prizewinning Jungic Winery, situated to the east of Banja Luka.  Bosnian wines are made from a wide range of grape varieties including Blatina, Žilavka, Trnjak and Vranac.

The Tvrdoš Monastery near the city of Trebinje is renowned for its wine production and its wine cellars, one of which dates to the 15th century, which are a popular tourist attraction.

Trebinje
Trebinje (Serbian Cyrillic: Требиње, pronounced [trěːbiɲe]) is a city and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the southernmost city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and is situated on the banks of the Trebišnjica river in the region of East Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has a population of 31,433 inhabitants. The city's old town quarter, the Walled town of Trebinje, dates to the 18th-century Ottoman period and includes the Arslanagić Bridge on the Trebišnjica River, as of recently also known as Perovića Bridge. The city is one of the region’s popular tourist spots
Ivan Strasburg
Ivan Strasburg is a South African born cinematographer known for such films as Bloody Sunday, The Killing Fields, The Mission, the documentary I Heard It Through the Grapevine, The Tale and Rita, Sue and Bob Too. He was also the cinematographer for the television series Trackers.

He has won two British Academy Television Craft Awards, for Cracker in 1993 and for Bloody Sunday in 2003. He has also been nominated for two Primetime Emmy Awards, both for Outstanding Cinematography for a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie, for the TV movie Live From Bagdad in 2003 and for the Generation Kill miniseries episode "Combat Jack" in 2009.

Strasburg was also a featured character in the concert film Swimming to Cambodia starring monologuist Spalding Gray speaking about his experiences working on the film The Killing Fields alongside Strasburg.

Cracker (British TV series)
Cracker is a British crime drama series produced by Granada Television for ITV, created and principally written by Jimmy McGovern. Set in Manchester, the series follows a criminal psychologist (or "cracker"), Dr Edward "Fitz" Fitzgerald, played by Robbie Coltrane, who works with the Greater Manchester Police (GMP) to help them solve crimes.

The show consists of three series, originally broadcast from 1993 to 1995. A 100-minute special set in Hong Kong followed in 1996 and another two-hour story in 2006. The show won the British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series in 1995 and 1996, and Coltrane received the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor in three consecutive years (1994 to 1996).
Jungle Menace
Jungle Menace (1937) is the first serial released by Columbia Pictures.

Based on the success of Republic Pictures's 1936 serial Darkest Africa, starring real-life animal trainer Clyde Beatty, Columbia made this exotic jungle serial starring real-life animal collector Frank "Bring 'Em Back Alive" Buck.  Set in the fictional land of Seemang in Asia, Buck plays the role of Frank Hardy, a soldier of fortune who intervenes in and investigates attempts to run a rubber plantation owner and his daughter off their land.

It was directed by Harry L. Fraser and George Melford, and filmed in black and white in Stockton, California, USA.

In 1946, material from this serial was re-edited into the 70-minute feature film adaptation called Jungle Terror.

Clyde Beatty
Clyde Raymond Beatty (June 10, 1903 – July 19, 1965) was an American animal trainer, zoo owner, and circus mogul. He joined Howe's Great London Circus in 1921 as a cage boy and spent the next four decades rising to fame as one of the most famous circus performers and animal trainers in the world. Through his career, the circus impresario owned several circuses, including his own Clyde Beatty Circus from 1945 to 1956.
Uplifting Athletes
Uplifting Athletes is a non-profit organization which harnesses the power of sport to build a community that invests in the lives of those affected by rare diseases. The group was established in 2003 and is a 501(c)(3).

The organization was founded in 2003 by a group of Penn State Nittany Lions football players who turned an annual weightlifting competition, Lift for Life, into a fundraiser. Wide receiver Scott Shirley's father was diagnosed with kidney cancer in 2003. When Shirley turned to his teammates for support, he discovered three others also had fathers battling the disease. Because so few (less than 200,000) Americans are diagnosed with kidney cancer, funds to fight the disease are scarce. Two of Shirley's teammates, offensive tackle Damone Jones and center Dave Costlow, saw an opportunity for student-athletes to use their high-profile and access to the media to promote awareness and raise funds for under-served charities. The three formed Uplifting Athletes later that year.

Fundraising
Fundraising or fund-raising is the process of seeking and gathering voluntary financial contributions by engaging individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies. Although fundraising typically refers to efforts to gather money for non-profit organizations, it is sometimes used to refer to the identification and solicitation of investors or other sources of capital for for-profit enterprises.

Traditionally, fundraising has consisted mostly of asking for donations through face-to-face fundraising, such as door-knocking. In recent years, though, new forms such as online fundraising or grassroots fundraising have emerged.
I Once Had a Comrade
I Once Had a Comrade (German: Ich hatt' einen Kameraden) is a 1926 German silent film directed by Conrad Wiene and starring Erich Kaiser-Titz, Otz Tollen and Erwin Fichtner.

The film's art direction was by Robert A. Dietrich.

Conrad Wiene
Conrad Wiene (German: [ˈviːnə]; 3 February 1878 – after May 1934) was an actor, screenwriter, film producer and director of Austrian and German silent films. He was the younger brother of German film director Robert Wiene.
Modern pentathlon at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's team
The modern pentathlon men's team event of the 1960 Summer Olympics was held on August 26, through to August 31. The modern pentathlon was composed of five events, show jumping, fencing, shooting, swimming, and running, with the individual points each competitor receives counting towards their nations final tally for each event, and ultimately the competition. The results that the competitors received in the individual modern pentathlon event would cross-over to produce the scores in the team event. 51 competitors participated in the event representing 17 nations.

Show jumping
Show jumping is a part of a group of English riding equestrian events that also includes eventing, hunters, and equitation. Jumping classes are commonly seen at horse shows throughout the world, including the Olympics. Sometimes shows are limited exclusively to jumpers. Sometimes jumper classes are offered in conjunction with other English-style events. Sometimes, show jumping is but one division of a very large, all-breed competition that includes a very wide variety of disciplines. Jumping classes may be governed by various national horse show sanctioning organizations, such as the United States Equestrian Federation or the British Showjumping Association.  International competitions are governed by the rules of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports.
Wootton Rivers Halt railway station
Wootton Rivers Halt railway station is a former railway station in Wootton Rivers, Wiltshire, England, on the Reading to Taunton line. The station opened in 1928 at the south end of the village, near the south bank of the Kennet and Avon Canal, and closed in 1966.

Reading–Taunton line
The Reading–Taunton line is a major branch of the Great Western Main Line from which it diverges at Reading railway station. It runs to Cogload Junction (east of Taunton) where it joins the Bristol to Exeter and Penzance line.

Since 1906 it has served as the principal route from London Paddington to Devon and Cornwall, having been built by the Great Western Railway (GWR) joining up several earlier railway lines. These included the Berks and Hants Railway from Reading to Hungerford and part of the Wilts, Somerset and Weymouth Railway from Westbury to Castle Cary. The section from Reading to Westbury is sometimes called the Berks and Hants Line, despite never entering the county of Hampshire.
Jacob Folkema
Jacob Folkema (18 August 1692 – 3 February 1767), a Dutch designer and engraver, was born and died at Dokkum, in Friesland. He was first instructed by his father, Johann Jakob Folkema, a goldsmith, and studied afterwards under B. Picart at Amsterdam. During that time he worked for Royaumont's Bible, 1712, and Ruysch's Anatomy, 1737. Folkema was also an excellent engraver in mezzotint. He had a sister, Anna Folkema, who painted miniatures, assisted her brother, and engraved some few plates. She was born in 1695, and died in 1768. By Jakob Folkema there are, among others, the following plates:

An Emblematical Print on the Death of the Prince of Orange.

Time discovering the Bust of F. Rabelais, with figures and satirical and emblematical attributes.

The Martyrdom of St. Peter and St. Paul; after Niccolò dell'Abbate.

Several plates for the Dresden Gallery; after Le Brun and Niccolò dell'Abbate.

Dokkum
Dokkum (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɔ.kʏm] ⓘ) is a Dutch fortified city in the municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân in the province of Friesland. It has 12,669 inhabitants (February 8, 2020). The fortifications of Dokkum are well preserved and are known as the bolwerken (bulwarks). It is the fifth most popular shopping city in Friesland. It also had the smallest hospital in the Netherlands.
Afraflacilla
Afraflacilla is a genus of the spider family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Most species are distributed in Eastern to Northern Africa (including the Middle East) and Australia, with two species (A. epiblemoides and A. tarajalis) found in Europe.

Spiders in this genus can produce sounds by rubbing a part of its leg against the head, using specialized structures, a process called stridulation. Some African species, both adults and juveniles, use their stridulatory organs for social communal behaviour.

Stridulation
Stridulation is the act of producing sound by rubbing together certain body parts. This behavior is mostly associated with insects, but other animals are known to do this as well, such as a number of species of fish, snakes and spiders. The mechanism is typically that of one structure with a well-defined lip, ridge, or nodules (the "scraper" or plectrum) being moved across a finely-ridged surface (the "file" or stridulitrum—sometimes called the pars stridens) or vice versa, and vibrating as it does so, like the dragging of a phonograph needle across a vinyl record. Sometimes it is the structure bearing the file which resonates to produce the sound, but in other cases it is the structure bearing the scraper, with both variants possible in related groups. Common onomatopoeic words for the sounds produced by stridulation include chirp and chirrup.
Fredheim
Fredheim is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Fredheim Holm (born 1985), Norwegian footballer and coach

Kjell Magne Fredheim (1928–2006), Norwegian politician

Kris Fredheim (born 1987), Canadian ice hockey player

Tor-Arne Fredheim (born 1962), Swedish football player and manager

Kris Fredheim
Kris Allen Fredheim (born February 23, 1987) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He has previously played with the Minnesota Wild of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected by the Vancouver Canucks in the sixth round (185th overall) of the 2005 NHL Entry Draft.
R. K. Law College
R. K. Law College is a private law school situated at Bari Brahmana, Vijaypur, Samba district in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It offers undergraduate 3 years law courses, 5 Year Integrated LL.B. courses, approved by Bar Council of India (BCI), New Delhi and affiliated to University of Jammu.

Law school
A law school (also known as a law centre/center, college of law, or faculty of law) is an institution, professional school, or department of a college or university specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a judge, lawyer, or other legal professional within a given jurisdiction. Depending on the country, legal system, or desired qualifications, the coursework is undertaken at undergraduate, graduate, or both levels.
Fleming, Northern Territory
Fleming is a town and locality in the Northern Territory of Australia located about 162 kilometres (101 mi) south of the territory's capital of Darwin.

The locality is named after the town, which was named after the brothers, Jim and Mike Fleming, who are considered to be the first pastoralists in this part of the Northern Territory.  Part of the town was established on land partly located in the former Oolloo Station pastoral lease established by Jim Fleming in 1907.  The town was gazetted on 20 March 1996 and the locality was gazetted on 4 April 2007.

For the 2016 Australian census which was conducted in August 2016, the population of the locality of Fleming (if any) was counted with that in the surrounding locality of Douglas-Daly to find that 238 people were living within the two localities.

Fleming is located within the federal division of Lingiari, the territory electoral division of Daly and the local government area of the Victoria Daly Shire.

Darwin central business district
Darwin City (also referred to as Darwin city centre or The CBD) is a suburb in metropolitan Darwin which comprises the original settlement, the central business district, parkland and other built-up areas. It is the traditional country and waterways of the Larrakia people. It is original site of occupation and includes many of the city's important institutions and landmarks, such as Parliament, Government House, the Northern Territory Supreme Court, Bicentennial Park and the George Brown Darwin Botanic Gardens. The city centre is located in the local government areas of the City of Darwin and the Darwin Waterfront Precinct.

Although the city centre is one of the most developed areas of Darwin, demographically it is one of the less densely populated, due to its core being commercial.
Major Farm Meadow
Major Farm Meadow is a 1.8-hectare (4.4-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest south-west of Eye in Suffolk.

This is one of the few surviving unimproved hay meadows in the county. It is damp grassland on boulder clay, with diverse flora and many molehills. Flowering plants include cowslip, twayblade and green-winged orchid, and there is a mature specimen of the rare black poplar.

The site is private land with no public access.

Eye, Suffolk
Eye (/ˈaɪ/) is a market town and civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district, in the north of the English county of Suffolk, about 4 miles (6 km) south of Diss, 17.5 miles (28 km) north of Ipswich and 23 miles (37 km) south-west of Norwich. The population in the 2011 census of 2,154 was estimated to be 2,361 in 2019 and updated to 2,210 following the 2021 census.  It lies close to the River Waveney, which forms the border with Norfolk, and on the River Dove. Eye is twinned with the town of Pouzauges in the Vendée department of France.