hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gaston Bachelard
Gaston Louis Pierre Bachelard (/bæʃəˈlɑːr/; French: [baʃlaʁ]; 27 June 1884 – 16 October 1962) was a French philosopher. He made contributions in the fields of poetics and the philosophy of science. To the latter, he introduced the concepts of epistemological obstacle and epistemological break (obstacle épistémologique and rupture épistémologique). He influenced many subsequent French philosophers, among them Michel Foucault, Louis Althusser, Dominique Lecourt and Jacques Derrida, as well as the sociologists Pierre Bourdieu and Bruno Latour.

For Bachelard, the scientific object should be constructed and therefore different from the positivist sciences; in other words, information is in continuous construction. Empiricism and rationalism are not regarded as dualism or opposition but complementary, therefore studies of a priori and a posteriori, or in other words reason and dialectic, are part of scientific research.

Poetics
Poetics is the study or theory of poetry, specifically the study or theory of device, structure, form, type, and effect with regards to poetry, though usage of the term can also refer to literature broadly. Poetics is distinguished from hermeneutics by its focus on the synthesis of non-semantic elements in a text rather than its semantic interpretation. Most literary criticism combines poetics and hermeneutics in a single analysis; however, one or the other may predominate given the text and the aims of the one doing the reading.
No Strings (album)
No Strings is the eleventh studio album by Scottish singer Sheena Easton released in 1993 by MCA Records. The album was a departure from the pop and R&B style of her earlier recordings with jazz-tinged production arrangements by Patrice Rushen.

The album was recorded live in the studio, as Easton wanted to record the music in a similar fashion to Frank Sinatra's Capitol Records sessions of the 1960s. The song "The Nearness of You" was featured on the soundtrack to the film Indecent Proposal. Easton appears in a cameo role singing the song with Herbie Hancock playing the piano during a pivotal moment in the film, and the song was released as a promo single in some European markets.

Indecent Proposal
Indecent Proposal is a 1993 American erotic drama film directed by Adrian Lyne and written by Amy Holden Jones. It is based on the 1988 novel by Jack Engelhard, in which a couple's marriage is disrupted by a stranger's offer of a million dollars for the wife to spend the night with him. It stars Robert Redford, Demi Moore, and Woody Harrelson.

The film received a mostly negative response from critics for the contrivances and implausibilities of its story. It also sparked controversy, with feminists arguing the film's premise promotes prostitution and the treatment of women as property. Despite this, the film was a box office success and grossed nearly $267 million worldwide on a $38 million budget, becoming the sixth highest-grossing film of 1993.
Encyclopædia Americana (19th century)
The Encyclopædia Americana was a general-knowledge English-language encyclopedia. It was published in the United States beginning in the late 1820s and continued with new editions and supplements into the 1850s. Other than its name, it had no connection with the more well-known Encyclopedia Americana, which was first published in 1902.

The Americana was the first full-sized encyclopedia of American authorship.

General knowledge
General knowledge is information that has been accumulated over time through various media and sources. It excludes specialized learning that can only be obtained with extensive training and information confined to a single medium. General knowledge is an essential component of crystallized intelligence. It is strongly associated with general intelligence and with openness to experience.

Studies have found that people who are highly knowledgeable in a particular domain tend to be knowledgeable in many. General knowledge is thought to be supported by long-term semantic memory ability. General knowledge also supports schemata for textual understanding.
Gray City Rebels
The Gray City Rebels (GCR) is a women's flat track roller derby league based in São Paulo, Brazil. Founded in 2010, the league consists of a single travel team, which competes against teams from other leagues, and is a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).

Roller derby
Roller derby is a roller skating contact sport played on an oval track by two teams of five skaters. It is played by approximately 1,250 amateur leagues worldwide, though it is most popular in the United States.

A 60-minute roller derby game, or bout, is a series of two-minute timed jams.  Each team, typically with a roster of 15, fields five skaters during each jam: one jammer, designated with a star on their helmet, and four blockers. During each jam, players skate counterclockwise on a circuit track. The jammer scores a point for each opposing blocker they lap. The blockers simultaneously defend by hindering the opposing jammer, while also playing offense by maneuvering to aid their own jammer. Because roller derby uses a penalty box, power jams, in which one team has a temporary numerical advantage after a foul, can have a major effect on scoring.
Changdeva Temple
Changdeva temple (also referred as Changdev Maharaj Temple) is an ancient Hindu temple situated in Muktainagar taluka of Jalgaon district in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is located near its namesake, Changdeva village. The temple is on the shore of the Purna river. It is dedicated to the 12th century Yogi Saint Changdeva Maharaj.

Changdev Maharaj
Changdev Maharaj (also commonly referenced in ancient texts as Changa Deva, Changadeva, or simply Changa) was a mystical yogi turned saint who is believed to have lived in the village of Vateshwar along the banks of the Tapti river for 1,400 years. Per popular belief, Changdev Maharaj achieved Bhuta Siddhi (control over the classical elements) based on his yogic powers and used these powers to perform various supernatural acts. Even though Changdev Maharaj himself is believed to have had held godly status and followers, his current following is mostly amongst Varkaris due to his association with Dnyaneshwar and Muktabai.
Angeliño
José Ángel Esmorís Tasende (Spanish: [xoˈse ˈaŋxel esmoˈɾis taˈsende]; born 4 January 1997), known by the diminutive Angeliño ([aŋxeˈliɲo]), is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Serie A club Roma.

2020–21 Bundesliga
The 2020–21 Bundesliga was the 58th season of the Bundesliga, Germany's premier football competition. It began on 18 September 2020 and concluded on 22 May 2021. The season was originally scheduled to begin on 21 August 2020 and conclude on 15 May 2021, though this was delayed due to postponement of the previous season as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The fixtures were announced on 7 August 2020.

Bayern Munich were the defending champions and successfully defended their title, winning their record-extending 9th consecutive title and 31st title overall (30th in the Bundesliga era) on 8 May with three games to spare. By winning their thirtieth Bundesliga title, Bayern Munich are honoured with a fifth gold star on their team badges and shirts.

Bayern's Robert Lewandowski set a new record for goals scored in a season with 41, surpassing the previous record of 40 goals set by Gerd Müller in 1971–72.
Vivian Bullwinkel
Lieutenant Colonel Vivian Statham, AO, MBE, ARRC, ED (née Bullwinkel; 18 December 1915 – 3 July 2000) was an Australian Army nurse during the Second World War. She was the sole surviving nurse of the Bangka Island Massacre, when the Japanese killed 21 of her fellow nurses on Radji Beach, Bangka Island, in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) on 16 February 1942.

Efficiency Decoration
The Efficiency Decoration, post-nominal letters TD for recipients serving in the Territorial Army of the United Kingdom or ED for those serving in the Auxiliary Military Forces, was instituted in 1930 for award to part-time officers after twenty years of service as an efficient and thoroughly capable officer. The decoration superseded the Volunteer Officers' Decoration, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration and the Territorial Decoration.

In the British Commonwealth, the decoration was gradually superseded by national decorations in some member countries, in Canada by the  Canadian Forces' Decoration in 1951, in the Union of South Africa by the John Chard Decoration in 1952 and in Australia by the Reserve Force Decoration in 1982. In the United Kingdom, the decoration was superseded by the Volunteer Reserves Service Medal in 1999. New Zealand continues to award the Efficiency Decoration (New Zealand) and is one of a few countries still to do so.
Jauchzet dem Herrn alle Welt (motet)
Jauchzet dem Herrn alle Welt is a three-movement pasticcio motet for double SATB choir. It includes music by Georg Philipp Telemann and Johann Sebastian Bach. The text of the motet is a German paraphrase of Psalm 100.

There is some doubt as to who compiled the work: it may have been Bach or Gottlob Harrer, who after Bach's death in 1750 succeeded him as Thomaskantor. Jauchzet dem Herrn alle Welt appears as BWV Anh. 160, that is in Anhang III, the annex of spurious works, of the 1998 edition of the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (BWV). Later it was renumbered to BWV App. A 4.: 119  In the catalogue of works by Telemann (TWV) the motet has the number 8:10.

Thomaskantor
Thomaskantor (Cantor at St. Thomas) is the common name for the musical director of the Thomanerchor, now an internationally known boys' choir founded in Leipzig in 1212. The official historic title of the Thomaskantor in Latin, Cantor et Director Musices, describes the two functions of cantor and director. As the cantor, he prepared the choir for service in four Lutheran churches, Thomaskirche (St. Thomas), Nikolaikirche (St. Nicholas), Neue Kirche (New Church) and Peterskirche (St. Peter). As director, he organized music for city functions such as town council elections and homages. Functions related to the university took place at the Paulinerkirche. 
Johann Sebastian Bach was the most famous Thomaskantor, from 1723 to 1750.
Adam and Eve and Pinch-Me (Johnston novel)
Adam and Eve and Pinch-Me is a young adult novel written by Julie Johnston and published in 1994 by Lester in Toronto (Little, Brown in the US). The book was awarded the Governor General's Award for Text in Children's Literature in 1994, the Ruth & Sylvia Schwartz Children's Book Award in 1995, and the Canadian Library Association Young Adult Book Award, also in 1995.

Little, Brown and Company
Little, Brown and Company is an American publishing company founded in 1837 by Charles Coffin Little and James Brown in Boston. It publishes works by American authors. Early lists featured Emily Dickinson's poetry and Bartlett's Familiar Quotations. Since 2006, Little, Brown and Company is a division of the Hachette Book Group.
Kuiqi Lu station
Kuiqi Lu station (Chinese: 魁奇路站; pinyin: Kuíqí Lù Zhàn; Jyutping: Fui1kei4 Lou6 Zaam6; lit. 'Kuiqi Road station') is an interchange station between the Guangfo Line (FMetro Line 1) and Line 2 of the Foshan Metro.  Trial construction began in 2003 and the main project in 2005. The station is located under the junction of Kuiqi Road (魁奇路) and Fenjiang Road (汾江路) in the Chancheng District of Foshan.

The station is the public transport hub for the Metro, bus services and taxis in Foshan and was completed on 3 November 2010. Line 2 started operations on 28 December 2021.

Foshan
Foshan (UK: /foʊˈʃæn/, US also /-ˈʃɑːn/; Chinese: 佛山) or Fatshan (also Fatsan, Jyutping: Fat6saan1) is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong Province, China. The entire prefecture covers 3,848 km2 (1,486 sq mi) and had a population of 9,498,863 as of the 2020 census. The city is part of the western side of the Pearl River Delta megalopolis, a conurbation housing 86,100,000 inhabitants, making it the biggest urban area of the world.

Foshan is regarded as the home of Cantonese opera, a genre of Chinese opera; Nanquan, a martial art; and lion dancing.
Darren Hughes (Gaelic footballer)
Darren Hughes is a Gaelic football player from County Monaghan, Ireland. He plays at senior level for the Monaghan county team.

In 2011, Hughes was part of the Ireland team that won the 2011 International Rules Series against Australia by 130 to 65.

County Monaghan
County Monaghan (/ˈmɒnəhən/ MON-ə-hən; Irish: Contae Mhuineacháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of Border strategic planning area of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Monaghan. Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 65,288, according to the 2022 census.

The county has existed since 1585 when the Mac Mathghamhna rulers of Airgíalla agreed to join the Kingdom of Ireland. Following the 20th-century Irish War of Independence and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Monaghan was one of three Ulster counties to join the Irish Free State rather than Northern Ireland.
Night Killer
Night Killer (Italian: Non aprite quella porta 3) is a 1990 Italian slasher film directed by Claudio Fragasso. On its release in Italy, it was promoted as being part of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre. The film is not part of the series and bears little content from the previously released films.

Nashville Scene
Nashville Scene is an alternative newsweekly in Nashville, Tennessee. It was founded in 1989, became a part of Village Voice Media in 1999, and later joined the ranks of sixteen other publications after a merger of Village Voice Media with New Times Media early in 2006. The paper was acquired by SouthComm Communications in 2009. Since May 2018, it has been owned by the Freeman Webb Company. The publication mainly reports and opines on music, arts, entertainment, and local and state politics in Nashville.
Kikou Seiki Unitron
Kikou Seiki Unitron (機甲世紀ユニトロン) (English: Armor Chronicles Unitron) is a role-playing video game developed by Yumekobo and published by SNK Playmore. It was released in 2000 for the Neo Geo Pocket Color handheld game console only in Japan. It is the sequel to Biomotor Unitron.

2000 in video games
The year 2000 saw the release of numerous video games as well as the launch of the PlayStation 2. Critically acclaimed games originally released in 2000 include sequels such as Madden NFL 2001, NBA Live 2001, NBA 2K1, WWF SmackDown! 2: Know Your Role, Baldur's Gate II, Diablo II, Dragon Quest VII, Final Fantasy IX, Metal Gear: Ghost Babel, NFL 2K1, Resident Evil – Code: Veronica, Spyro: Year of the Dragon, The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask, and Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2, along with new intellectual properties such as Deus Ex, Hitman,  Jet Set Radio, Perfect Dark, Skies of Arcadia, The Sims, SSX, Vagrant Story, and Sin and Punishment. The year's best-selling home video games worldwide were Pokémon games for the third year in a row (since 1998), while the highest-grossing arcade game in Japan was Virtua Striker 2.
Rhenium compounds
Rhenium compounds are compounds formed by the transition metal rhenium (Re). Rhenium can form in many oxidation states, and compounds are known for every oxidation state from −3 to +7 except −2, although the oxidation states +7, +4, and +3 are the most common. Rhenium is most available commercially as salts of perrhenate, including sodium and ammonium perrhenates. These are white, water-soluble compounds. The tetrathioperrhenate anion [ReS4]− is possible.

Perrhenic acid
Perrhenic acid is the chemical compound with the formula Re2O7(H2O)2. It is obtained by evaporating aqueous solutions of Re2O7. Conventionally, perrhenic acid is considered to have the formula HReO4, and a species of this formula forms when rhenium(VII) oxide sublimes in the presence of water or steam. When a solution of Re2O7 is kept for a period of months, it breaks down and crystals of HReO4·H2O are formed, which contain tetrahedral ReO−4. For most purposes, perrhenic acid and rhenium(VII) oxide are used interchangeably. Rhenium can be dissolved in nitric or concentrated sulfuric acid to produce perrhenic acid.
2008–09 Lebanese Women's Football League
The 2008–09 Lebanese Women's Football League was the second edition of the Lebanese Women's Football League since its inception in 2008. Defending champions Sadaka won their second title, with a 2–0 victory over Homenmen in the final matchday of the season.

Homenmen Beirut
Homenmen Sports Association Beirut (Arabic: الجمعية الرياضية هومنمن بيروت; Armenian: Հայ Մարզական Միութիւն (ՀՄՄ), lit. 'Armenian Sports Union (HMM)'), or simply Homenmen, is a Lebanese-Armenian multi-sports club based in Beirut, Lebanon, section of the pan-Armenian sports and scouting organisation of the same name.

Founded in 1921, the football club competes in the Lebanese Third Division, having won the Lebanese Premier League four times, and the Lebanese Elite Cup once. Homenmen's activities also include table tennis, cycling, as well as a scouting program.
Pineville High School
Pineville High School can refer to more than one educational institution in the United States:

Pineville High School (Kentucky) in Pineville, Kentucky

Pineville High School (Louisiana) in Pineville, Louisiana

Pineville High School (West Virginia) in Pineville, West Virginia

Pineville, Louisiana
Pineville is a city in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is located across the Red River from the larger Alexandria, and is part of the Alexandria Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Pineville had a population of 14,384.

The Central Louisiana State Hospital, the Pinecrest Supports and Services Center, the Huey P. Long Memorial Hospital (closed), the Alexandria Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the Alexandria National Cemetery are all located in Pineville. The city is also home to several large non-government employers including Baker Manufacturing, Procter & Gamble, and Crest Industries.
George Laurence (priest)
Christianity portal

The Ven George Laurence was Archdeacon of Lahore from 1944 to 1947.

He was educated at St Chad's College and ordained in 1917. His first post was as a  missionary in Kanghwa. After this he was Priest in charge at Seoul. He returned to England in 1921 and held curacies in Cradley and West Ham. He served the church in the North Western Frontier Province from 1925 to 1947: he was at Nowshera, Sialkot, Dalhousie, Razmak, New Delhi, Rawalpindi, Risalpur, Peshawar and Quetta before his years as Archdeacon; and at Nailstone and Barton-in-the-Beans afterwards.

Razmak
Razmak (Pashto and Urdu: رزمک) is a town in North Waziristan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Razmak is the main settlement and capital of Razmak Tehsil which is an administrative subdivision of the district. Razmak is located at 32°41'21N	69°50'3E at an altitude of 2044 metres. and lies just north of Makeen, South Waziristan. The Ramzak valley is one of the major tourist destinations in the region. The inhabitants are almost exclusively Wazir Pashtuns, along with a few from the Mahsud tribe.

During the colonial era Razmak had been known as "Little London" by British forces stationed there. British troops had been stationed in Ramzak to tackle the famous Pashtun tribal leader Mirzali Khan, known as the Faqir of Ipi, who hid for a long time in areas around Razmak.
Teviotdale cheese
Teviotdale is a full fat hard cheese produced in the area of Teviotdale on the border lands between Scotland and England, within a radius of 90 km from the summit of Peel Fell in the Cheviot Hills.  The cheese is produced from the milk of the Jersey cattle.  There are no known current producers of this cheese.

Jersey cattle
The Jersey is a British breed of small dairy cattle from Jersey, in the British Channel Islands. It is one of three Channel Island cattle breeds, the others being the Alderney – now extinct – and the Guernsey. The milk is high in butterfat and has a characteristic yellowish tinge.

The Jersey adapts well to various climates and environments, and unlike many breeds originating in temperate climates, tolerates heat well. It has been exported to many countries of the world; in some of them, including Denmark, France, New Zealand and the United States, it has developed into an independent breed.: 212  In Nepal, it is used as a draught animal.: 212
Martial Henri Valin
Martial Henri Valin (French pronunciation: [maʁsjal ɑ̃ʁi valɛ̃]; 14 May 1898 in Limoges – 19 September 1980 in Neuilly-sur-Seine) was a French Air Force general. He initially served as a cavalryman in the First World War. After nine years cavalry service in the chasseurs d'Afrique, dragoons, spahis, and hussars, he eventually volunteered for the French Army's aviation branch, the aéronautique militaire, in 1926. He commanded the Free French Air Forces from July 1941 to June 1944, and was then Chief of General Staff of the French Air Army from October 1944 until 1946. He participated in both World Wars and the Rif War.

Chasseurs d'Afrique
The Chasseurs d'Afrique were a light cavalry corps of chasseurs in the French Armée d'Afrique (Army of Africa). First raised in 1831 from regular French cavalry posted to Algeria, they numbered five regiments by World War II. For most of their history they were recruited from either French volunteers or French settlers in North Africa doing their military service. As such they were the mounted equivalent of the French Zouave infantry. The other major cavalry element in the Armee d'Afrique were the Spahis—recruited from the indigenous peoples of Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco with mostly French officers.
Sidhauli
Sidhauli is a town and an Ideal Notified Area Council (Nagar Panchayat) in Sitapur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It comes under Lucknow division and is in the Awadh region of eastern Uttar Pradesh. Four-lane National Highway 24 passes from the centre of the town. It comes under Mohanlalganj (Lok Sabha constituency). Sidhauli is also a Sidhauli (Assembly constituency) of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
It is the Headquarters of Tehsil Sidhauli and Sidhauli Community Development Block. Sidhauli Block comprises 306 Gram Panchayats.

Awadh
Awadh (Hindi: [əˈʋədʱ] ⓘ), known in British Raj historical texts as Avadh or Oudh, is a historical region in northern India, now constituting the central portion of Uttar Pradesh. It is roughly synonymous with the ancient Kosala region of Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain scriptures.

It was a province of all the major Islamic dynasties in India including the Mughal Empire. With the decline of late Mughal Delhi, Awadh became a major source of literary, artistic, religious, and architectural patronage in northern India under the rule of its eleven rulers, called Nawabs. From 1720 to 1856, the nawabs presided over Awadh, with Ayodhya and Faizabad serving as the region's initial capitals. Later, the capital was relocated to Lucknow, which is now the capital of Uttar Pradesh.

The British conquered Awadh in 1856, which infuriated Indians and was recognised as a factor causing the Indian Rebellion (1857-58), the biggest Indian uprising against British rule.