hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A. R. Colquhoun
Archibald Ross Colquhoun (/kəˈhuːn/ kə-HOON; March 1848 – 18 December 1914) was a British explorer and the first Administrator of Southern Rhodesia. He held office from October 1890 until September 1892, the period of the founding of Fort Salisbury (now Harare) after the arrival of the Pioneer Column. At this time the administrator's jurisdiction covered Mashonaland only, as Matabeleland was annexed in 1893. He was also acting Chief Magistrate of Southern Rhodesia between 24 July 1891 and 18 September 1891.

Pioneer Column
The Pioneer Column was a force raised by Cecil Rhodes and his British South Africa Company in 1890 and used in his efforts to annex the territory of Mashonaland, later part of Zimbabwe (once Southern Rhodesia).
Party of Growth
Party of Growth (Russian: Партия Роста, romanized: Partiya Rosta, pronounced [ˈpartʲɪjə ˈrostə]) was a liberal-conservative political party in Russia which had representatives in several local legislatures. Created in March 2016 on the basis of the Right Cause party, the party's main policy stances are liberal free market economy, democracy and protecting the rights of the middle class. The party has been led by Boris Titov since its founding. The party was a member of the pro-Putin All-Russia People's Front.

On November 20, 2025, the party was dissoluted.

All-Russia People's Front
The All-Russia People's Front (Russian: Общероссийский народный фронт, romanized: Obshcherossiyskiy narodnyy front, ONF), since 2023 styled as People's Front (Russian: Народный фронт, romanized: Narodnyy front), is a political coalition in Russia started in 2011 by then-Prime Minister of Russia Vladimir Putin to provide the United Russia political party with "new ideas, new suggestions and new faces". The ONF aims to forge formal alliances between United Russia (the ruling party from 2001 onwards) and numerous Russian non-governmental organizations. On 12 June 2013 the ONF founding conference elected Putin (President of Russia from 2012) as the Front's leader.
Ain Hawr
Ain Hawr or Ain Hur (Arabic: عين حور) is a Syrian village in the Al-Zabadani District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ain Hawr had a population of 1,974 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Al-Zabadani District
al-Zabadani District (Arabic: منطقة الزبداني, romanized: manṭiqat al-Zabadani) is a district of the Rif Dimashq Governorate in southern Syria. Administrative centre is the city of al-Zabadani. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 63,780.

Until February 2009, the sub-districts of Ayn al-Fijah and al-Dimas were part of Al-Zabadani District before being incorporated to form the newly established Qudsaya District.

The town-resort of Bloudan in the al-Zabadani district is a favourite tourist destination for locals and foreigners.
1948 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1948 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to British-American poet Thomas Stearns Eliot (pen name, T. S. Eliot) (1888–1965) "for his outstanding, pioneer contribution to present-day poetry." Eliot is the fourth British (born in the United States) recipient of the prize after John Galsworthy in 1932.

Swedish Academy
The Swedish Academy (Swedish: Svenska Akademien), founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Its 18 members, who are elected for life, comprise the highest Swedish language authority. Outside Scandinavia, it is best known as the body that chooses the laureates for the annual Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded in memory of the donor Alfred Nobel.
Yasutaka Shiomi
Yasutaka Shiomi (塩見 泰隆, Shiomi　Yasutaka; born June 12, 1993 in Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan) is a Japanese professional baseball outfielder for the Tokyo Yakult Swallows of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).

Sagamihara
Sagamihara (相模原市, Sagamihara-shi) is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of May 1, 2021, the city has an estimated population of 723,470, with 334,812 households, and a population density of 1,220 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 328.91 square kilometres (126.99 sq mi). Sagamihara is the third-most-populous city in the prefecture, after Yokohama and Kawasaki, and the fifth most populous suburb of the Greater Tokyo Area. Its northern neighbor is Machida, with which a cross-prefectural merger has been proposed.

On April 1, 2010, the city became the 19th city designated by government ordinance. As a result of this, three wards were established: Midori-ku, Chūō-ku and Minami-ku.
Pyongyang Wheat Flour Processing Factory
The Pyongyang Wheat Flour Factory(Korean: 평양밀가루가공공장) is a food processing factory in Samhŭng-dong, Man'gyŏngdae-guyŏk, P'yŏngyang, North Korea, mainly producing wheat flours, cookies, noodles and yeast. The total area of the plant is 120,000 m2 (1,300,000 sq ft). Originally built in 1976, It is served by rail, via Ch'ilgol station on the P'yŏngnam Line of the Korean State Railway.

Korean State Railway
The Korean State Railway is the operating arm of the Ministry of Railways of North Korea (Korean: 조선민주주의인민공화국 철도성; MR: Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk Ch'ŏltosŏng), commonly called the State Rail (Korean: 국철; MR: Kukch'ŏl). Its headquarters are in P'yŏngyang. The current Minister of Railways is Chang Jun-song.
Doris Schweizer
Doris Schweizer (born 28 August 1989) is a Swiss racing cyclist, who most recently rode for UCI Women's Continental Team InstaFund Racing. She was the winner of the Swiss National Road Race Championships in 2013 and 2016 and the Swiss National Time Trial Championships in 2015 and 2016.

In November 2015 she was announced as part of the inaugural squad for the Cylance Pro Cycling team for the 2016 season.

Swiss National Time Trial Championships
The Swiss National Time Trial Championship is a road bicycle race that takes place inside the Swiss National Cycling Championship, and decides the best cyclist in this type of race. The first winner was Viktor Kunz in 1993. Fabian Cancellara made the remarkable achievement of 10 wins between 2002 and 2014. The women's record is held by Karin Thürig with 7 wins.
Grayson Bourne
Grayson Bourne is a British canoe sprinter who competed from the early 1980s to the mid-1990s. He won two medals in the K-2 10000 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (1990) and a silver (K-2 10000 m: 1989).

Bourne also competed in five Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of fifth in the K-4 1000 m event at Los Angeles in 1984. He won 67 British National titles. Bourne now owns the most successful Kayak ergometer company KayakPro USA LLC who have been suppliers of ergometers to the last 5 Olympic Games and to NASA.

ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships are an international event in canoe racing, one of two top-tier Summer Olympic sport events organized by the International Canoe Federation (the other being the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships). They are usually held every non-Olympic year and have officially included paracanoe events since 2010; paracanoe-specific editions of this event (named ICF Paracanoe World Championships) are usually held in Summer Paralympic years.

Prior to November 2008, canoe sprint was known as flatwater racing.
Girocului
45°43′57″N 21°13′57″E﻿ / ﻿45.7324563°N 21.2325202°E﻿ / 45.7324563; 21.2325202
Girocului, also known as Martirilor, is a district in southern Timișoara. It was built between 1970 and 1985, as a consequence of the urban systematization carried out by the Communist Party, which aimed at increasing the population of Timișoara. Its name comes from the village (Giroc) to which the road that crosses it is heading. In fact, as a result of the urban development over the past two decades, Giroc has virtually become a suburb of Timișoara.

Systematization (Romania)
Systematization (Romanian: Sistematizarea) was a program of urban planning in the Socialist Republic of Romania from 1974 to 1989.

Systematization was carried out by the Romanian Communist Party under the leadership of Nicolae Ceaușescu, impressed by the ideological mobilization of North Korea under its Juche ideology, with the stated goal of turning Romania into a "multilaterally developed socialist society". It consisted largely of the demolition and reconstruction of existing settlements, in whole or in part, in order to urbanize and modernize the country. Systematization was controversial for the mass demolition of historic centers which became known as Ceaușima.
Al Awabi
Al Awabi is one of the 62 provinces (wilayat) of Oman. It is located in Al Batinah Region, in the north of Oman. Based on the figures of the 2020 census, Al Awabi is home for 18,833 people, compared to 10,469 in 2003. It has 32 villages.

Lime (fruit)
A lime is the fruit of several species of citrus, most of which are hybrids within the genus Citrus (family Rutaceae). Limes are generally small, round to oval fruits with green flesh and skin and a distinctly sour taste due to their high citric acid content. They are widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for culinary, medicinal, and ornamental purposes.

The term "lime" is used for a variety of citrus fruits, including the Key lime (Citrus × aurantiifolia), Persian lime (Citrus × latifolia), Makrut lime (Citrus hystrix), finger lime (Citrus australasica), blood lime (hybrid), and desert lime among others. Limes are a rich source of vitamin C and are used to accent the flavours of foods and beverages. In 2023, world production of limes (combined with lemons) was 23.6 million tonnes, led by India and Mexico.
Stacey Toran
Stacey Toran (October 11, 1961 – August 5, 1989) was an American professional football defensive back. He played for the Los Angeles Raiders for five seasons. A native of Indianapolis and a graduate of Broad Ripple High School, Toran was a member of the school's 1980 Indiana High School Boys Basketball Tournament championship team. His 57-foot (17 m) shot with one second remaining in the semifinal game against Marion High School put them into the final game. After high school, he played football for the University of Notre Dame before being selected by the Raiders in the 1984 NFL draft.  He was killed in an automobile accident, speeding around a turn on Glencoe Avenue, near Alla Park in Marina Del Rey. He was buried in Crown Hill Cemetery  and Aboretum, Section 225, Lot 167A,  39°49′36″N 86°10′42″W﻿ / ﻿39.8265831°N 86.1783762°W﻿ / 39.8265831; -86.1783762 in Indiana

Los Angeles Raiders
The Los Angeles Raiders were a professional American football team of the National Football League (NFL). The Raiders played in Los Angeles from 1982 to 1994 before moving back to Oakland, California, where the team played from its inaugural 1960 season through 1981, and then again from 1995 to 2019.

The team's first home game in Los Angeles was at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum on November 22, 1982, after a 57-day player strike. They played their last game as a Los Angeles–based team on December 24, 1994. During their tenure in Los Angeles, the Raiders won four Division titles (AFC West), and one Super Bowl championship: 1983 (XVIII).

After both the Raiders and the Rams left Los Angeles after the 1994 season, Los Angeles was left without an NFL team until the 2016 season.
Toxomerus marginatus
Toxomerus marginatus, also known as the margined calligrapher fly, is a common species of hoverfly. It is found in many parts of North America.

The larvae are predators of thrips, aphids, and small caterpillars. Adults feed on a wide range of flowers. Smith & Chaney 2007 finds T. marginatus is the most numerous of the Syrphidae species controlling aphids in lettuce fields on California's Central Coast.Toxomerus marginatus are commonly found in  cranberry fields. This species of syrphid is highly attracted to the  plant volatile methyl salicylate, which is a floral compound as well as being an herbivore-induced plant volatile.

Vaccinium macrocarpon
Vaccinium macrocarpon, also called large cranberry, American cranberry and bearberry, is a North American species of cranberry in the subgenus Oxycoccus.

The name cranberry comes from the shape of the flower stamen, which looks like a crane's beak.
Buff-faced scrubwren
The buff-faced scrubwren (Aethomyias perspicillatus) is a bird species in the family Acanthizidae. It is found in the highlands of New Guinea; Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

This species was formerly placed in the genus Sericornis but following the publication of a molecular phylogenetic study of the scrubwrens in 2018, it was moved to the resurrected genus Aethomyias.

Acanthizidae
Acanthizidae—sometimes called Australian warblers—are a family of passerine birds which includes gerygones, thornbills Acanthiza, and scrubwrens Sericornis. The family Acanthizidae consists of small to medium passerine birds, with a total length varying between 8 and 19 centimetres (3.1 and 7.5 in). They have short rounded wings, slender bills, long legs, and a short tail. Most species have olive, grey, or brown plumage, although some have patches of a brighter yellow. The weebill is the smallest species of acanthizid, and the smallest Australian passerine; the largest is the pilotbird.
Fighting Demons
Fighting Demons is the fourth studio album by American rapper Juice Wrld. It was posthumously released by Grade A Productions and Interscope Records on December 10, 2021. The album features guest appearances from Justin Bieber, Polo G, Trippie Redd, and Suga of BTS. It serves as a tie-in for an HBO-produced documentary titled Juice Wrld: Into the Abyss, released on December 16, 2021.

Tie-in
A tie-in work is a work of fiction or other product based on a media property such as a film, video game, television series, board game, website, role-playing game or literary property. Tie-ins are authorized by the owners of the original property, and are a form of cross-promotion used primarily to generate additional income from that property and to promote its visibility.
Valentine O'Connor
Valentine Rickard O'Connor (1878 – 23 June 1956) was an Irish cricketer.  O'Connor was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm slow.  He was born Ireland, but where exactly and on what exact date is unknown.

O'Connor, who played as an amateur, made his first-class debut for Middlesex in 1908 against Somerset at the County Ground, Taunton.  The following season he played 2 further first-class matches, both against Sussex.

In his 3 first-class matches, O'Connor scored 40 runs at a batting average of 10.00, with a high score of 30.  With the ball he took a single wicket in his only bowling innings, taking figures of 1/62.

He died in Paddington, London on 23 June 1956.

Spin bowling
Spin bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is delivered relatively slowly but with rapid rotation, giving it the potential to deviate sharply after bouncing. A bowler who uses this technique is called a spinner, a spin bowler, or a slow bowler.

It is one of the two main approaches to bowling, the other being fast bowling.

A spinner may bowl with their right-arm or left-arm, and with a finger spin or wrist spin action. Therefore, there are four types of spin bowling: off spin, leg spin, left-arm orthodox spin and left-arm unorthodox spin.

The bowlers with the highest, second-highest and fourth-highest number of wickets in the history of Test cricket, Muttiah Muralitharan, Shane Warne and Anil Kumble, respectively, were spinners.
Steve Ryan (American football)
Steve Ryan is an American college football coach and former player. He is the head football coach for Morningside College, a position he has held since 2002. Ryan has led the Morningside Mustangs to three NAIA Football National Championships, in 2018, 2019, and 2021.

Ryan graduated from Wheaton College in Wheaton, Illinois in 1989 with his undergraduate degree, where he was a four-time letter winner and three-year starter for the Thunder. He earned a master's degree in 1997 from National Louis University. Prior to his hiring at Morningside, Ryan served as an assistant coach at Ottawa University in Ottawa, Kansas.

Ottawa University
Ottawa University (OU) is a private university with its main campus in Ottawa, Kansas, United States. It also has a second residential campus in Surprise, Arizona, and adult campuses in the Kansas City and Milwaukee metropolitan areas, as well as online. It was founded in 1865 and is affiliated with the Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma and the American Baptist Churches USA. The residential campus in Ottawa has a student enrollment of more than 875 students, while the OUAZ campus in Surprise has more than 900. In total, Ottawa University serves more than 4,000 students across all of its campuses and online.
Hume Society
The Hume Society is an international philosophical society founded in 1974 to support scholarship on the thought and writings of the Scottish philosopher David Hume. The Hume Society publishes Hume Studies and is supported institutionally by Illinois Wesleyan University and St. Olaf College.

Illinois Wesleyan University
Illinois Wesleyan University is a private liberal arts college in Bloomington, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1850, the central portion of the present campus was acquired in 1854 with the first building erected in 1856.
Anna Sophie Charlotte of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Anna Sophie Charlotte of Brandenburg-Schwedt (24 December 1706 – 3 January 1751), was a German noblewoman and member of the House of Hohenzollern and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Eisenach.

Born in Berlin, she was the third of seven children born from the marriage of Margrave Albert Frederick of Brandenburg-Schwedt (a younger brother of King Frederick I of Prussia) and Maria Dorothea Kettler, by birth Princess of Courland and Semigallia. From Anna Sophie's six older and younger siblings, only four survive adulthood: three brothers (Charles Frederick Albert, Frederick and Frederick William; all died unmarried and without legitimate issue) and one sister (Sophie Fredericka Albertine, by marriage Princess of Anhalt-Bernburg).

Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia was a duchy in the Baltic region, then known as Livonia, that existed from 1561 to 1569 as a nominal vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and subsequently made part of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom from 1569 to 1726 and incorporated into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1726. On October 24, 1795, it was annexed by the Russian Empire in the Third Partition of Poland.
Qajar Bathhouse
The Qajar Bathhouse (Persian: حمام قجر) is a historical bathhouse in Qazvin, Iran. It was built in 1647 in Safavid Iran by the order of the shah, and by Amingune Khan Qajar who was a Sardar of the Shah, and was initially known as the Shahi bathhouse.

It is approximately 1045 square meters large, and has two different sections for men and women.  It is now used as an anthropology museum, and is listed among the Iranian national heritage sites with the number 12601.

Iran National Heritage List
Iran National Heritage List is a register of nationally significant monuments, places, buildings, events, etc., officially registered under the National Heritage Preservation Act of 1930. According to Article 1 of this law, "All the industrial monuments and buildings that were built up to the end of the Zand dynasty in the country of Iran, including movable and immovable in accordance with Article 13 of this law, can be considered as national heritage of Iran and under the protection and supervision of the state."

After 25 years, on 1 February 1956, with the registration of the Golestan Palace, the ban on the registration of works related to the Qajar era was practically lifted and subsequently the official list of these monuments was published under the current name.
WSLX
WSLX (91.9 FM) is a non-commercial high school radio station licensed to serve New Canaan, Connecticut.  The station is owned by St. Luke's School in the same town and licensed to the St. Luke's Foundation, Inc.  It airs a Variety music format.

The station was assigned the WSLX call letters by the Federal Communications Commission.

Non-commercial activity
A non-commercial (also spelled noncommercial) activity is an activity that is not carried out in the interest of profit. The opposite is commercial, something that primarily serves profit interests and is focused on business.

For example, advertising-free community radio stations are typically nonprofit organizations staffed by individuals volunteering their efforts to air a wide variety of radio programming, and do not run explicit radio advertisements, included in the United States specific grouping of "non-commercial educational" (NCE) public radio stations.
Franck Kessié
Franck Yannick Kessié (born 19 December 1996) is an Ivorian professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Saudi Pro League club Al-Ahli and the Ivory Coast national team.

After advancing through Atalanta, Kessié joined AC Milan in 2017 on loan, securing a permanent move two years later and playing a pivotal role in their Serie A success in the 2021–22 season. In 2022, he joined Barcelona, clinching titles in La Liga and Supercopa de España, before his transfer to Al-Ahli in 2023.

An Ivorian international since 2014, Kessié was part of the squad that won the 2023 Africa Cup of Nations on home soil.

CAF Team of the Year
The CAF Team of the Year is an annual football award given by the Confederation of African Football during the CAF Awards.

In 2007, the CAF did not choose the team of the year, but rather the best ten players of the last fifty years. The ten players chosen were Mahmoud El Khatib and Hossam Hassan of Egypt, Roger Milla and Samuel Eto'o of Cameroon, Abedi Pele of Ghana, Kalusha Bwalya of Zambia, George Weah of Liberia, Rabah Madjer of Algeria, Didier Drogba of the Ivory Coast, and Nwankwo Kanu of Nigeria.
Jacques Mitterrand
Jacques Mitterrand (10 June 1908 – 5 June 1991) was the Grand Master of the Grand Orient de France and a founder of the small left wing party Union progressiste.

Mitterrand was born in  Bourges. He was a member of the Council of the French Union between 1947 and 1958.

Bourges
Bourges (/bʊərʒ/ BOORZH; French: [buʁʒ] ⓘ; Borges in Berrichon) is a commune in central France on the river Yèvre. It is the capital of the department of Cher, and also was the capital city of the former province of Berry. It is part of the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.
Mile 16
Mile 16, also known as Bolifamba and Bolifamba Mile 16, is a locality in the Buea Municipality of the Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon.

Mile 16 location refers to Highway 8, the first 17 miles of which were tarred in 1952. The University of Buea is also nearby. Originally a separate village, the area has undergone urban sprawl in the 2000s, yet supports peri-urban agriculture. In 2003, the population was approximately 7,000 and in 2019 was approximately 8,000.

Mount Cameroon
Mount Cameroon is an active stratovolcano in the Southwest Region of Cameroon next to the city of Buea near the Gulf of Guinea. Mount Cameroon is also known as Cameroon Mountain or Fako (the name of the higher of its two peaks) or by its indigenous name Mongo ma Ndemi ("Mountain of Greatness"). Mount Cameroon is ranked 22nd by topographic isolation.

It is the highest point in sub-Saharan western and central Africa, the fourth-most prominent peak in Africa, and 31st-most prominent in the world.
The mountain is part of the area of volcanic activity known as the Cameroon Volcanic Line, which also includes Lake Nyos, the site of a disaster in 1986. The eruption of 28 April-June 1909 caused the German colonial government of Kamerun to temporarily move from Buea to Douala. The most recent eruption occurred on February 3, 2012.