hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Macraes Mine
Macraes Mine in East Otago is New Zealand's largest gold mine, and consists of a large scale opencast mine opened in 1990, and a newer underground mine, opened in 2008. It is situated close to the settlement of Macraes Flat and is owned by OceanaGold Corporation.

Gold production averaged 193,000 Troy ounces/year for 2008 through 2010. Ore grades have been declining, to 1.26 grams/tonne in 2010, but recoveries have improved slightly to 81% of the gold contained in the ore, in 2010. From 1990 through 2014, gold production totaled about 4 million ounces. The mine's 5 millionth ounce was poured in July 2019. The company claims a gold reserve of 1.53 MM troy oz Au plus a larger subeconomic gold resource; and expects the mine to operate at least through 2021.  As of July 2019, over 5 million ounces of gold have been extracted.

The gold bearing rocks were formed by the orogenic processes that created the Otago Schist belt.

East Otago
East Otago is the coastal and rural areas of Otago, a region of New Zealand's South Island. It lies north of Dunedin, between The Kilmog and Shag River. The largest town within East Otago is Waikouaiti. The term East Otago is now less commonly used in official contexts, since the city limits of Dunedin were expanded in the 1990s.

As East Otago is not a defined region, getting an exact population number is difficult, however, the population of Waikouaiti as 2024 is 1,310, and the population of Palmerston in 2024 is 1,070
Coeur d'Alene School District
The Coeur d'Alene School District #271 (also known as Coeur d'Alene Public Schools) is a school district in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. District #271 serves a student population nearing 11,000 in Coeur d’Alene, Dalton Gardens, Hayden, Hayden Lake, and a portion of rural Kootenai County. The district includes 17 schools: 11 elementary schools, 3 middle schools, 2 traditional high schools, and an alternative high school. The school district also offer opportunities for students at a joint professional-technical high school campus (KTEC) shared by neighboring Lakeland and Post Falls school districts. District #271 is one of the largest employers in the five northernmost counties of Idaho, and ranks sixth in enrollment size among Idaho's 114 public school districts.

Dalton Gardens, Idaho
Dalton Gardens is a city in Kootenai County, Idaho, United States. It is considered a suburb of Coeur d'Alene and borders the city to the north and east. The city of Dalton Gardens is also part of the larger Spokane-Coeur d'Alene Combined Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses Kootenai County, Idaho. As of the 2020 census, Dalton Gardens had a population of 2,537.
Rural Municipality of Argyle
The Rural Municipality of Argyle is a rural municipality in southwestern Manitoba, Canada. Incorporated on 15 August 1881, it is named after John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll who was the fourth Governor General of Canada.

Baldur is the largest community in the municipality, which sits between Brandon and Portage la Prairie. Part of Rock Lake can also be found in the municipality.

Argyle is also home to the oldest standing Icelandic Lutheran Church in Canada, built in 1889.

Westman Region
The Westman Region (also known as Western Manitoba or simply Westman) is an informal geographic region of the Canadian province of Manitoba located in the southwestern corner of the province.

The city of Brandon is the largest urban centre in the Westman Region. Primary economic industries in the region include agriculture, food processing, manufacturing, education, petroleum, transportation, and tourism. Riding Mountain National Park and eight provincial parks are located within Westman. As of 2021, the region had a recorded population of 117,432 people.

Together with the Parkland Region to the north, Westman composes the broader Prairie Mountain health region, and is provided healthcare services by Prairie Mountain Health.
Izvoru oil field
The Izvoru oil field is an oil field located in Izvoru, Argeș County, Romania. It was discovered in 1968 and developed by Petrom. It began production in 1980 and produces oil. The total proven reserves of the Izvoru oil field are around 22 million barrels (2.95 million tonnes), and production is centered on 800 barrels per day (130 m3/d).

Petrom
OMV Petrom S.A. is a Romanian integrated oil company, controlled by Austria's OMV. It is one of the largest corporations in Romania and the largest oil and gas producer in Southeast Europe. Since 2004 it is a subsidiary of OMV. With 2022 revenue of EUR 12.5 billion, as of 2023, OMV Petrom is the largest company in Romania.
Robert Birley
Sir Robert Birley KCMG (14 July 1903 – 22 July 1982) was an English educationalist who was head master of Charterhouse School, then Eton College, and an anti-apartheid campaigner.

He acquired the nickname "Red Robert", as even his moderate liberal politics caused concern for the conservative members of the college's governing body, the Provost and Fellows. His predecessor, Claude Aurelius Elliott was appointed provost and as chairman of the governing body, living next door to Birley, he could keep an eye on him.

Provost (education)
A provost is a senior academic administrator. At many institutions of higher education, the provost is the chief academic officer, a role that may be combined with being deputy to the chief executive officer. In some institutions, they may be the chief executive officer of a university, of a branch campus of a university, or of a college within a university.
Gonadotropin-resistant ovary syndrome
Resistant ovary syndrome, previously known as Savage syndrome, is a cause of ovarian failure that can lead to secondary amenorrhea. Resistant ovaries result from a functional disturbance of the gonadotropin receptors in the ovarian follicles. It may be a cause of primary or secondary amenorrhea and is resistant to exogenous gonadotropin stimulation. Diagnosis of this condition requires that the patient has a normal 46,XX karyotype, normal secondary sexual characteristics, elevated plasma follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone – in the menopausal range – and that normal, multiple follicles are seen on ovarian biopsy. Spontaneous reversal of the receptor resistance may occur.

Follicle-stimulating hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. FSH is synthesized and secreted by the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland and regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation, and reproductive processes of the body. FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) work together in the reproductive system.
Limnonectes lauhachindai
Limnonectes lauhachindai, also known as Lauhachinda's fanged frog, is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. As currently known, it is endemic to Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand, where it has been recorded from Na Chaluai and Sirindhorn Districts. However, its true range is expected to be wider, also extending into adjacent Laos and Cambodia. It is the sister taxon of Limnonectes dabanus and Limnonectes gyldenstolpei. It is one of the five caruncle-bearing Limnonectes species.

Sirindhorn district
Sirindhorn (Thai: สิรินธร; RTGS: Sirinthon) is a district (amphoe) of Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand, established by the Royal Decree Establishing Amphoe Sirindhorn, BE 2534 (1991), coming into force on 4 January 1992. It was named in the honour of Princess Sirindhorn on the occasion of her 36th birthday.
John King (died 1637)
Sir John King (c.1560 – 4 January 1637) was an Anglo-Irish administrator, politician and landowner. He sat in the Irish House of Commons and was a member of the Privy Council of Ireland. He was one of the most valued Irish Crown servants of his generation. Several of his children were notable in their own right. He was the ancestor of the Earl of Kingston.

Earl of Kingston
Earl of Kingston is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1768 for Edward King, 1st Viscount Kingston. The Earl holds the subsidiary titles Baron Kingston, of Rockingham in the County of Roscommon (created in 1764), Viscount Kingston, of Kingsborough in the County of Sligo (created in 1766), Baron Erris, of Boyle in the County of Roscommon (created in 1801), and Viscount Lorton, of Boyle in the County of Roscommon (created in 1806), also in the Peerage of Ireland. He is also a baronet in the Baronetage of Ireland. Between 1821 and 1869 the earls also held the title Baron Kingston, of Mitchelstown in the County of Cork (created in 1821), in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
MercyOne Des Moines Medical Center
MercyOne Des Moines Medical Center, formally called Mercy Medical Center – Des Moines, is a not-for-profit Catholic hospital located in Des Moines, Iowa. MercyOne Des Moines was founded by the Sisters of Mercy in 1893 and is the longest continually operating hospital in Des Moines. MercyOne is a member of MercyOne Network, a partnership of Catholic Health Initiatives (CHI) and Trinity Health. MercyOne Des Moines is one of the largest employers in the state of Iowa with more than 5,300 employees, and 800 physicians and allied health associates. The main campus has a 656-bed acute care facility.

Catholic Health Initiatives
Catholic Health Initiatives (CHI) was a national Catholic healthcare system, with headquarters in Englewood, Colorado. CHI was a nonprofit, faith-based health system formed, in 1996, through the consolidation of three Catholic health systems. It was one of the largest healthcare systems in the United States. In February 2019, CHI merged with Dignity Health, forming CommonSpirit Health.
Sergius, Patrician of Lazica
Sergius, son of Barnucius, was a ruler (patrician) of Lazica on the eastern Black Sea, in what is now western Georgia, who, c. 696/697, revolted from the Byzantine hegemony and acknowledged the suzerainty of the Arabs. Sergius' defection during the Arab–Byzantine wars is reported by Theophilus of Edessa and Agapius of Hierapolis.

Theophilus of Edessa
Theophilus of Edessa (Greek: Θεόφιλος, 695–785 AD), also known as Theophilus ibn Tuma and Thawafil, was a medieval astrologer and scholar in Mesopotamia. In the later part of his life he was the court astrologer to the Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi.

Theophilus was a Maronite Christian. He translated numerous books from Greek to Syriac, including the Iliad.
1966 World Sportscar Championship
The 1966 World Sportscar Championship season was the 14th season of the FIA "World Sportscar Championship" motor racing. It featured the 1966 International Manufacturers' Championship and the 1966 International Sports Car Championship, which were contested between 5 February 1966 and September 11, 1966, over a total of thirteen races. The International Manufacturers' Championship was open to Group 6 Sports-Prototypes (letter P on the cars) and was contested in two engine capacity divisions, P1 (Up to 2000cc) and P2 (Over 2000cc). The International Sports Car Championship was open to Group 4 Sports Cars (letter S on the cars) and was contested in three engine capacity divisions, S1 (Up to 1300cc), S2 (1301 to 2000cc) and S3 (Over 2000cc).

World Sportscar Championship
The World Sportscar Championship was the world endurance racing series run for sports car racing, sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), from 1953 to 1992. The championship evolved from a small collection of the most important sportscar, endurance, and road racing events in Europe and North America with dozens of gentleman drivers at the grid to a professional racing series where the world's largest automakers spent millions of dollars per year.

The official name of the series frequently changed throughout the years but was generally known as the World Sportscar Championship from its inception in 1953. Alongside the Formula One World Championship, it was one of the two major World Championships in circuit motor racing. The championship was revived in the 2012 season under the new name as the FIA World Endurance Championship.
St Paul's Cathedral, Dunedin
St Paul's Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral church located in The Octagon near the Dunedin Town Hall in the heart of Dunedin, New Zealand. The cathedral is the seat of the Bishop of Dunedin and the mother church of the Anglican Diocese of Dunedin.

The cathedral building was listed on the Heritage New Zealand register of Historic Place Category 1 on 11 November 1987.

Heritage New Zealand
Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga (initially the National Historic Places Trust and then, from 1963 to 2014, the New Zealand Historic Places Trust; in Māori: Pouhere Taonga) is a Crown entity that advocates for the protection of ancestral sites and heritage buildings in New Zealand. It was set up through the Historic Places Act 1954 with a mission to "...promote the identification, protection, preservation and conservation of the historical and cultural heritage of New Zealand" and is an autonomous Crown entity. Its current enabling legislation is the Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Act 2014.
Euclidia triquetra
Euclidia triquetra is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found in south-eastern Europe, as well as Kazakhstan, Anatolia eastern Siberia up to the Pacific Ocean. Its habitat consists of warm, dry areas.

The wingspan is 24–30 mm. Adults are on wing from mid April to June and from the end of July to August. There are two generations per year. They are active during the day.

The larvae feed on various Fabaceae species, including Astragalus and Onobrychis species.

Michael Denis
Johann Nepomuk Cosmas Michael Denis, also: Sined the Bard, (27 September 1729 – 29 September 1800) was an Austrian Catholic priest and Jesuit, who is best known as a poet, bibliographer, and lepidopterist.
OpenDoc
OpenDoc is a defunct multi-platform software componentry framework standard created by Apple in the 1990s for compound documents, intended as an alternative to Microsoft's proprietary Object Linking and Embedding (OLE). It is one of Apple's earliest experiments with open standards and collaborative development methods with other companies. OpenDoc development was transferred to the non-profit Component Integration Laboratories, Inc. (CI Labs), owned by a growing team of major corporate backers and effectively starting an industry consortium. In 1992, the AIM alliance was launched by Apple, IBM, and Motorola, with OpenDoc as a foundation. With the return of Steve Jobs to Apple, OpenDoc was discontinued in March 1997.

Component-based software engineering
Component-based software engineering (CBSE), also called component-based development (CBD), is a style of software engineering that aims to construct a software system from components that are loosely coupled and reusable. This emphasizes the separation of concerns among components.

To find the right level of component granularity, software architects have to continuously iterate their component designs with developers. Architects need to take into account user requirements, responsibilities, and architectural characteristics.
Music of Yunnan
The music of Yunnan, a province in southwestern China, includes the traditional music of many ethnic groups, including the Miao, Hani and Nakhi (Naxi), the last being the most numerous in the area.

There are 24 folk music items of Yunnan that are protected through the United Nations intangible cultural heritage (ICH) list.

The lusheng is a type of mouth organ used by the Miao of Guizhou for pentatonic antiphonal courtship songs.  The Hani of Honghe are known for a unique kind of choral, micro-tonal rice-transplanting songs.

Mouth organ
A mouth organ is any free reed aerophone with one or more air chambers fitted with a free reed.
Though it spans many traditions, it is played universally the same way by the musician placing their lips over a chamber or holes in the instrument, and blowing or sucking air to create a sound. Many of the chambers can be played together or each individually.

The mouth organ can be found all around the world and is known by many different names and seen in many different traditions. The most notable variations include the harmonica, and Asian free reed wind instruments consisting of a number of bamboo pipes of varying lengths fixed into a wind chest; these include the sheng, khaen, lusheng, yu, shō, and saenghwang. The melodica, consisting of a single tube that is essentially blown through a keyboard, is another variation.
The Power Within (album)
The Power Within is the fifth studio album by British power metal band DragonForce, released on 15 April 2012. It is the first DragonForce album to feature vocalist Marc Hudson. "Cry Thunder" was released as downloadable content for Rock Band 3.

DragonForce announced a complete remix and remaster of the album in April 2018 titled Re-Powered Within which was released on 4 May 2018.

Power metal
Power metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music combining characteristics of traditional heavy metal with speed metal, often within a symphonic context. Generally, power metal is characterized by a faster, lighter, and more uplifting sound, in contrast with the heaviness and dissonance prevalent in, for example, extreme metal. Power metal bands usually have anthemic songs with fantasy-based subject matter and strong choruses, thus creating a theatrical, dramatic and emotionally "powerful" sound.

The term was first used in the mid-1980s and refers to two different but related styles: the first largely practiced in North America with a harder sound similar to speed metal; and a later, more widespread and popular style based in Europe with a lighter, more melodic sound and frequent use of keyboards.
2012 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament
The 2012 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 40th edition of the event known as the ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament, and was part of the ATP World Tour 500 series of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Rotterdam Ahoy indoor sporting arena in Rotterdam, Netherlands, from 13 February through 19 February 2012. First-seeded Roger Federer won the singles title.

The field was led by 16-time Grand Slam champion Roger Federer, 2010 Wimbledon finalist Tomáš Berdych and 2009 US Open champion Juan Martín del Potro.

Thiemo de Bakker
Thiemo Carsten Jannick de Bakker (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtimoː də ˈbɑkər]; born 19 September 1988) is a Dutch tennis coach and a former professional player. He has an ATP career-high ranking in singles of World No. 40 achieved on 19 July 2010.
Yours Fatefully
Yours Fatefully (Chinese: 孤男寡女) is a Singaporean Chinese drama which was telecasted on Singapore's free-to-air channel, MediaCorp Channel 8. It was a mid-year blockbuster for 2012. It stars Kingone Wang, Jesseca Liu, Xiang Yun, Chen Shucheng, Eelyn Kok, Cavin Soh & Sora Ma as the casts of this series.

Kingone Wang
Kingone Wang (Chinese: 王傳一; pinyin: Wáng Chuányī; born 5 May 1980) is a Taiwanese actor, singer and host. He was part of the boy band Comic Boyz and winner of Taiwanese Golden Bell Awards for Best Supporting Actor. He is the alumni of both National Chiao Tung University and Chinese Culture University.
2018 Jungfernstieg double murder
On 12 April 2018, 34-year-old Sandra P. and her one-year-old daughter Mariam were murdered at the Jungfernstieg S-Bahn station in the Neustadt quarter of Hamburg, Germany. The perpetrator, 33-year-old Mourtala Madou (also Mado Bido Mourtala), the Nigerien ex-boyfriend of Sandra P. and father of Mariam, was arrested at the scene and convicted of two counts of murder in 2019.

The case was of significant public interest as the murder and preceding argument occurred in view of several bystanders. The Alternative for Germany (AfD) heavily focused on Madou's asylum seeker status, arguing that he should have been deported; Madou had no prior criminal record and a valid residency permit, but was considered a potential risk to his child by Jugendamt due to known anger issues.

Jungfernstieg station
Jungfernstieg (German pronunciation: [juːŋfɛʀnstiːk]) is an underground railway station in the city centre of Hamburg, Germany, served by the underground railway (U-Bahn) and  the suburban railway (S-Bahn). The station is one of Hamburg's busiest rapid transit hubs.

Most of the station is located underwater. That is, under the Alster River, and the lakes Binnenalster and Kleine Alster respectively. At this location, the Alster also forms the border between the two Hamburg districts Neustadt and Altstadt, both part of the borough of Hamburg-Mitte. The station is named after Jungfernstieg boulevard.
Montréal–Saint-Jacques
Montréal–Saint-Jacques was a former provincial electoral district in the Montreal region of Quebec, Canada that elected members to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec.

It was created for the 1912 election from part of Montréal division no. 2 electoral district.  Its final election was in 1962.  It disappeared in the 1966 election and its successor electoral district was Saint-Jacques.

1912 Quebec general election
The 1912 Quebec general election was held on May 15, 1912, to elect members of the 13th Legislative Assembly of the Province of Quebec, Canada.  The incumbent Quebec Liberal Party, led by Lomer Gouin, was re-elected, defeating the Quebec Conservative Party, led by Joseph-Mathias Tellier.
Osei Bonsu
Osei Bonsu (born 1779 – 21 January 1824) also known as Osei Tutu Kwame was the Asantehene (King of the Ashanti). He reigned either from 1800 to 1824 or from 1804 to 1824. During his reign as the king, the Ashanti fought the Fante confederation and ended up dominating Gold Coast trade. In Akan, Bonsu means whale (the largest and most powerful "fish" in the sea), and is symbolic of his achievement of extending the Ashanti Empire to the coast. He died in Kumasi, and was succeeded by Osei Yaw Akoto.

Other sources refer to him as Osei Tutu Kwame. He was a leader in war against the Fante of the southern Gold Coast in 1806–07 and against Gyaman in 1818–19.
He halted British expansionism in the Gold Coast region.

Joseph Dupuis
Joseph Dupuis (1789–1874) was a British diplomat active between 1811 and 1842, with various postings to the African Continent during that period, including one as vice-consul in Mogador and consul to the Asante Empire.
Human trafficking in Libya
Libya is a transit and destination country for men and women from sub-Saharan Africa and Asia trafficked for the purposes of forced labor and commercial sexual exploitation. While most foreigners in Libya are economic migrants, in some cases large smuggling debts of $500–$2,000 and illegal status leave them vulnerable to various forms of coercion, resulting in cases of forced prostitution and forced labor.

As of 2018 more governments as well as the UN began acknowledging the continuous violations of human rights as well as the chronic failures by the Libyan authorities to address the issue.

Forced labour
Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families.

Unfree labour includes all forms of slavery, penal labour, and the corresponding institutions, such as debt slavery, serfdom, corvée and labour camps.
Torpedo ram
A torpedo ram is a type of torpedo boat combining a ram with torpedo tubes. Incorporating design elements from the cruiser and the monitor, it was intended to provide small and inexpensive weapon systems for coastal defence and other littoral combat.

Naval ram
A naval ram is a weapon fitted to varied types of ships, dating back to antiquity. The weapon comprised an underwater prolongation of the bow of the ship to form an armoured beak, usually between 2 and 4 meters (6.6 and 13.1 ft) in length. This would be driven into the hull of an enemy ship to puncture, sink or disable it.