hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Idit Harel
Idit R. Harel (Hebrew: עידית הראל; born Idit Ron; September 18, 1958) is an Israeli-American entrepreneur and CEO of Globaloria. She is researcher of learning sciences and of constructionist learning-based EdTech interventions.

Learning sciences
Learning sciences (LS) is an interdisciplinary field of study dedicated to the empirical investigation of learning, exploration of what might be important for people to learn and why, engagement in the design and implementation of learning innovations, and the improvement of instructional methodologies. LS research traditionally focuses on cognitive-psychological, sociocultural, and critical theoretical foundations of human learning, as well as practical design of learning environments. Major contributing fields include cognitive science, computer science, educational psychology, anthropology, and applied linguistics. Over the past decade, LS researchers have expanded their focus to include informal learning environments, instructional methods, policy innovations, and the design of curricula.
1962 Kuala Trengganu Selatan by-election
The Kuala Trengganu Selatan by-election is a parliamentary by-election that was held on 19 March 1962 in the state of Terengganu in the Federation of Malaya. The Kuala Trengganu Selatan seat fell vacant following the death of its member of parliament Onn Jaafar of Parti Negara. He won the seat in 1959 Malayan general election with a majority of 2,612 votes.

Ismail Kassim of Alliance, won the by election, defeating Garieb Abdul Raouf of Parti Negara and Tengku Shahdan Tengku Abdul Majid of PMIP  with a majority of 2,077 votes. The constituency had 20,400 voters.

Onn Jaafar
Onn bin Dato' Jaafar (Jawi: عون بن جعفر; 12 February 1895 – 19 January 1962) was a Malayan politician who served as the 7th Menteri Besar of Johor from 1947 to 1950. His organised opposition towards the creation of the Malayan Union (by the returning British colonial power after the end of the Japanese occupation of Malaya) led him to form the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in 1946; he was UMNO's founder and its first president until his resignation in 1951. He was famously known as the pioneer of organised anti-imperialism and early Malay nationalism within Malaya, which eventually culminated with the Malayan independence from Britain. He was also responsible for the social and economic welfare of the Malays by setting up the Rural Industrial Development Authority (RIDA).
Vladimir Mikhaylovich Alpatov
Vladimir Mikhaylovich Alpatov (Russian: Влади́мир Миха́йлович Алпа́тов; born April 17, 1945) is a Soviet and Russian linguist, Doctor of Philology (1983), a Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2008). He is an author of more than 200 works in linguistics and a specialist in Japanese studies and the history of linguistics.

Corresponding member
The corresponding member is one of the possible membership types in some organizations, especially in the learned societies and scientific academies.

This title existed or exists in the Soviet Union, GDR, Polish People's Republic, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, France, Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, Russia.
Azúcar pa' ti (Sugar for You)
Azúcar pa' ti (Sugar for You) is a 1965 album recorded by Eddie Palmieri and released by Tico Records. The album was Palmieri's most successful album, and included one of his biggest songs, "Azucar", an eight-minute descarga-esque song. The album also included the original recording of "Oyelo que te conviene", which was later recorded on his 1975 album Unfinished Masterpiece along with lead vocalist Lalo Rodríguez.

In 2009, the album was added to the United States National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress for being "culturally, aesthetically, or historically significant". The album was named one of the 50 greatest salsa albums of all time by Rolling Stone Magazine in October 2024.

Lalo Rodríguez
Ubaldo Rodríguez Santos (May 16, 1958 – December 13, 2022), known professionally as Lalo Rodríguez, was a Puerto Rican salsa singer recognized as one of the pioneers of the subgenre of Romantic or Erotic Salsa.
Flix Interactive
Flix Interactive is a British video game developer based in Birmingham, England. Founded by John Tearle, Lee Snookes and Matt Clark in late 2011, Flix Interactive are primarily known as a specialist Unreal Engine development studio, co-developing on games such as Sea of Thieves, Hell Let Loose, Sniper Elite 5, Zombie Army 4: Dead War, Crackdown 3, and Beyond a Steel Sky.

The CEO of Flix Interactive is John Tearle.

Zombie Army 4: Dead War
Zombie Army 4: Dead War is a third-person shooter video game developed and published by Rebellion Developments. It is a sequel to the 2015 compilation game Zombie Army Trilogy, and itself a spin-off to the Sniper Elite series. It was released on 4 February 2020 for PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One, 1 May 2020 for Stadia, and 26 April 2022 for the Nintendo Switch.
Markus Stappung
Markus Stappung is a Swiss orienteering competitor. He participated at the 1987 World Orienteering Championships in Gérardmer, where he won a silver medal in the relay, together with Stefan Bolliger, Kaspar Öttli and Urs Flühmann.

Orienteering
Orienteering is a group of sports in which participants use a map and compass to navigate from point to point in unfamiliar terrain as quickly as possible.

The sport originated from military land-navigation training in the late 19th century. It has since evolved into several competitive forms where participants race against the clock and other competitors while navigating through checkpoints. Variants include automobile, underwater, mountain bike, ski, and trail orienteering. The most common form is foot orienteering, also known as FootO.

In formal foot-orienteering competitions, participants are given a specially prepared orienteering map, usually topographical, which they use to locate control points.

Orienteering is part of the World Games and the World Police and Fire Games.
Marqués de Riscal Hotel
The Marqués de Riscal Hotel, also known as the Marqués de Riscal Vineyard Hotel, is a luxury hotel located in the wineries of Bodegas Marqués de Riscal, Elciego, Spain. It is part of The Luxury Collection. The hotel was designed by Frank Gehry using methods previously employed in the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao. It was built by Ferrovial.

Marriott International
Marriott International, Inc. is an American multinational company that operates, franchises, and licenses lodging brands that include hotel, residential, and timeshare properties. The company owns over 37 hotel and timeshare brands, with 9,000 locations and 1,597,380 rooms across its network (as of 2023). Headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland, the company is the successor to the hospitality division of the Marriott Corporation, which was founded by J. Willard Marriott (1900–1985) and his wife Alice Marriott (1907–2000).
Xenoma
A xenoma (also known as a 'xenoparasitic complex') is a growth caused by various protists and fungi, most notably microsporidia. It can occur on numerous organisms; however is predominantly found on fish.

In most cases the host cell and nuclei suffers from hypertrophy resulting in a change in organisation of the cell and its structure and can result in polyploid nuclei. This outcome is due to the microsporidian parasite proliferating inside the host cell. This results in a 'symbiotic co-existence' between the parasite and the host cell. This forms the xenoparasitic complex. They tend to contain numerous cellular components as well as microsporidia at different developmental stages and spores.

Not all microsporidia infections result in the formation of xenomas; only a few microsporidia actually cause xenoma formation.

Rhizoid
Rhizoids are protuberances that extend from the lower epidermal cells of bryophytes and algae. They are similar in structure and function to the root hairs of vascular land plants. Similar structures are formed by some fungi. Rhizoids may be unicellular or multicellular.
Uqsha Wallqa
Uqsha Wallqa (Quechua uqsha a high altitude grass, wallqa collar, hispanicized spelling Ocsahualca) is a mountain in the Paryaqaqa mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is situated in the Lima Region, Huarochirí Province, on the border of the districts of San Mateo and Quinti. It lies northwest of Paqcha and Wararayuq and southeast of Wamanripa.

Department of Lima
Lima (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlima]; Jaqaru: Nimaja, [niˈmaxa]) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's central coast, it is administered by a regional government based in Huacho, whose jurisdiction does not include the quasi-autonomous special regime of the province of Lima, coterminous with the country's capital, Lima.
ATP5H
The human gene ATP5PD encodes subunit d of the peripheral stalk part of the enzyme mitochondrial ATP synthase.

Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, F0, which comprises the proton channel. The F1 complex consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled in a ratio of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The Fo seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene encodes the d subunit of the Fo complex. 
Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. In addition, three pseudogenes are located on chromosomes 9, 12 and 15.

Chromosome 9
Chromosome 9 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Humans normally have two copies of this chromosome, as they normally do with all chromosomes. Chromosome 9 spans about 138 million base pairs of nucleic acids (the building blocks of DNA) and represents between 4.0 and 4.5% of the total DNA in cells.
Sparsentan
Sparsentan, sold under the brand name Filspari, is a medication used for the treatment of primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Sparsentan is an endothelin and angiotensin II receptor antagonist. It is taken by mouth.

The most common side effects include swelling of the extremities, low blood pressure, dizziness, high blood potassium, anemia, injury to the kidney, and increased liver enzymes in the blood.

It was approved for medical use in the United States in February 2023. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Irbesartan
Irbesartan, sold under the brand name Aprovel among others, is a medication used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. It is taken by mouth. Versions are available as the combination irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide.
Miscarriages of Justice Organisation
The Miscarriages of Justice Organisation (MOJO) is a Scottish charity dedicated to human rights and to changing the criminal justice system in order to reduce the number of miscarriages of criminal justice and increase the level of professional after-care for victims.

After his conviction was overturned and his incarceration ended, Patrick Hill, one of the so-called Birmingham Six, set out to assist people who claim to have been wrongfully convicted. The Miscarriages of Justice Organisation is a voluntary sector non profit making organisation and a registered charity.

Birmingham Six
The Birmingham Six were six men from Northern Ireland who were each sentenced to life imprisonment in 1975 following their false convictions for the 1974 Birmingham pub bombings. Their convictions were declared unsafe and unsatisfactory and quashed by the Court of Appeal on 14 March 1991. The six men were later awarded financial compensation ranging from £840,000 to £1.2 million.
Performance management work
Performance management work (PMW) describes all activities that are necessary to ensure that performance requirements of application systems (AS) can be met. Therefore, PMW integrates software performance engineering (SPE) and application performance management (APM) activities. SPE and APM are part of different lifecycle phases of an AS, namely systems development and IT operations. PMW supports a comprehensive coordination of all SPE and APM activities, which is inevitable due to an increased complexity of AS architectures.

The term "performance management work" was first introduced by Brunnert et al. (2014) in Business & Information Systems Engineering as well as in the German WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK.

Systems architecture
A system architecture is the conceptual model that defines the structure, behavior, and views of a system. An architecture description is a formal description and representation of a system, organized in a way that supports reasoning about the structures and behaviors of the system.

A system architecture can consist of system components and the sub-systems developed, that will work together to implement the overall system. There have been efforts to formalize languages to describe system architecture, collectively these are called architecture description languages (ADLs).
Endocardium
The endocardium (pl.: endocardia) is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart. Its cells are embryologically and biologically similar to the endothelial cells that line blood vessels. The endocardium also provides protection to the valves and heart chambers.

The endocardium underlies the much more voluminous myocardium, the muscular tissue responsible for the contraction of the heart. The outer layer of the heart is termed epicardium and the heart is surrounded by a small amount of fluid enclosed by a fibrous sac called the pericardium.

Embryology
Embryology (from Greek ἔμβρυον, embryon, 'the unborn, embryo'; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of zoology that studies the prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization and development of embryos and fetuses. Embryology includes teratology, the study of congenital disorders that occur before birth.

Early embryology, put forward by Marcello Malpighi, was preformationist in concept: based on the idea that organisms develop from pre-existing miniature versions of themselves.  The theory now accepted, epigenesis, is the idea that organisms develop from seed or egg in a sequence of steps.  This concept was proposed in antiquity by Aristotle. Modern embryology developed from the work of Karl Ernst von Baer, though accurate observations had been made in Italy by anatomists such as Aldrovandi and Leonardo da Vinci in the Renaissance.
David Wallace (Scottish actor)
David Wallace is a Scottish actor and theatre director. He trained in Drama at Edinburgh’s Queen Margaret University College. He founded the Paisley-based PACE Theatre Company in 1988.

Wallace and PACE Theatre Company started Paisley's annual Christmas pantomime, which has been running since PACE was founded. In the pantomimes, Wallace performs as a dame in a comedy double act with Alan Orr. As an acting coach with PACE, Wallace has been credited with launching the careers of James McAvoy and Paolo Nutini. In November 2008, Wallace was awarded a Fellowship by the University of the West of Scotland. In September 2017, Wallace was dismissed from PACE Theatre Company after an investigation into the company's finances. The chairman for PACE has said that the investigation was to insure that company would continue.

Wallace was a member of the Paisley 2021 executive bid team, the campaign for Paisley to be awarded UK City of Culture in 2021. In 2014, he co-founded Paisley Community Trust.

Paolo Nutini
Paolo Giovanni Nutini (born 9 January 1987) is a Scottish singer-songwriter from Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland. Nutini's debut album, These Streets (2006), peaked at number three on the UK Albums Chart. Its follow-up, Sunny Side Up (2009), debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart. Both albums have been certified quintuple platinum by the British Phonographic Industry. Five years later, Nutini released his third studio album, Caustic Love, in April 2014, which debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and was certified platinum by the BPI. In July 2022, he released his fourth album, Last Night in the Bittersweet.

Among other accolades, Nutini has received three BRIT Award nominations and an Ivor Novello Award nomination for songwriting.
Jogbani railway station
Jogbani railway station is located in the town of Jogbani, in the Araria district of Bihar, India. The station is situated approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the India–Nepal border, making it an important transit point for both passenger and freight movement between the two countries.

It operates under the Northeast Frontier Railway (NFR) zone of Indian Railways and falls within the Katihar railway division.

India–Nepal border
The India–Nepal border is an open international boundary running between the countries of India and Nepal. The 1,751 km (1,088.02 mi) long border includes the Himalayan territories as well as Indo-Gangetic Plain of the subcontinent. The current border was delimited after the Sugauli treaty of 1816 between Nepal and the British Raj. Following Indian independence, the prevailing border was recognised as the international border between the Kingdom of Nepal and the Dominion of India.
Leonese People's Union
The Leonese People's Union (Spanish: Unión del Pueblo Leonés, Leonese: Unión del Pueblu Llionés, UPL) is a regional political party in Castilla y León, Spain. UPL strives to establish a separate autonomous community (Comunidad Autónoma de León or Autonomous Community of León) for the provinces of León, Zamora and Salamanca (center of the old Kingdom of León), now in the Autonomous Community of Castilla y León. Such a movement is known as Leonesism.

Province of Salamanca
Salamanca (Spanish pronunciation: [salaˈmaŋka]) is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León (Castilla y León). It is bordered by the provinces of Ávila, Cáceres, Valladolid, and Zamora, and on the west by Portugal. It has an area of 12,349 km2 and in 2018 had a population of 331,473 people. It is divided into 362 municipalities, 11 comarcas, 32 mancomunidades, and five judicial districts. Of the 362 municipalities, more than half are villages with fewer than 300 people.
Jerome Biblical Commentary
The Jerome Biblical Commentary is a series of books of Biblical scholarship, whose first edition was published in 1968. It is arguably the most-used volume of Catholic scriptural commentary in the United States.

The book's title is a reference to Jerome, known for his translation of the Bible into Latin (the Vulgate) and his extensive Biblical commentaries.

Passionists
The Passionists, officially named the Congregation of the Passion of Jesus Christ (Latin: Congregatio Passionis Iesu Christi), abbreviated CP, are a Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men, founded by Paul of the Cross in 1720, with a special emphasis on and devotion to the Passion of Jesus Christ. A known symbol of the congregation is the labeled emblem of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, surmounted by a cross. This symbol is often sewn into the habit of its congregants.
James Greene (MP)
James Greene (7 April 1759 – 15 February 1814) was an English politician who was Member of Parliament for Arundel in the first Parliament of the United Kingdom.

Described as being of Turton Tower in Lancashire and Llansantffraed, Monmouthshire, Greene was the son of Mordecai Greene, a Spanish merchant of Mortlake and Bathford Place.

Llansantffraed, Monmouthshire
Llansantffraed is the smallest parish in Monmouthshire, Wales, located four miles to the west of Raglan, north of the A40 between Raglan and Abergavenny. There is no community, only the Llansantffraed Court estate and the church.
Live in San Antonio
Live in San Antonio is a live album by American rock band Creed, which was released on November 28, 2025. The recording is taken from the November 4, 1999 (or possibly November 14) performance at Freeman Coliseum in San Antonio, Texas. It was released only on a two vinyl LP set, with a limited amount of 4,800 worldwide copies for Record Store Day Black Friday 2025. The album was previously released with the 25th anniversary deluxe edition of the band's second studio album, Human Clay, in 2024.

Record Store Day
Record Store Day is a semi-annual event established in 2008 to "celebrate the culture of the independently owned record store". Held on one Saturday (typically the third) every April and every Black Friday in November, the day brings together fans, artists, and thousands of independent record stores around the world. A number of records are pressed specifically for Record Store Day, with a list of releases for each country, and are only distributed to shops participating in the event.

The event originated in the United States and has expanded internationally, with official organizers in the United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland, Mexico, Europe, Japan, and Australia.
Annelies Bredael
Annelies Bredael (born 15 June 1965 in Willebroek, Antwerp) is a Belgian rower. She participated in 3 consecutive Summer Olympic Games in Seoul, Barcelona and Atlanta In 1992, she won the silver medal in rowing, single scull at the Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Farebi Shahzada
Farebi Shahzada also called The Shepherd, is a 1931 Indian cinema's action silent film directed by A. R. Kardar. The film was also known as Gudaria Sultan or The Shepherd King and was the fourth of seven films Kardar produced under Kardar's United Players Corporation, Lahore.

The film starred Gul Hamid, Gulzar and M. Ismail with Hiralal. The other actors in the cast included Hassan Din, Ahmed Din, Haider Shah and Fazal Shah. Farebi Shahzada, like Kardar's earlier films was also released at The Deepak cinema in Bhati Gate area of Lahore.

Gul Hamid
Gul Hamid (1905-1936) was an Indian actor. He started his acting career in silent films and later played leading roles in talkies. He had many honors to his credit. He acted in Heer Ranjha, the first film produced in Punjabi and in Seeta, a talkie that won an honorary diploma in the 1934 Venice Film Festival and that was also the first Indian film shown at an International film festival. Hamid also wrote the script, acted in, and directed the film Khyber Pass (1936).  Hamid died of Hodgkin's Disease in 1936.
Cornelia Jefferson Randolph
Cornelia Jefferson Randolph (July 26, 1799 – February 24, 1871) was a granddaughter of United States President Thomas Jefferson. She also was the daughter of Acting First Lady Martha Jefferson Randolph and Governor of Virginia Thomas Mann Randolph Jr.

Governor of Virginia
The governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The governor is head of the executive branch of the government of Virginia and is the commander-in-chief of the Virginia National Guard and Virginia Defense Force.

Three signatories of the Declaration of Independence served as governor of Virginia and three governors became president of the United States: Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, and John Tyler.

The current officeholder is Abigail Spanberger, a member of the Democratic Party who took office on January 17, 2026. She is Virginia's first female governor.