hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert von Lieben
Robert von Lieben (September 5, 1878, in Vienna – February 20, 1913, in Vienna) was an Austrian entrepreneur, and self-taught physicist and inventor. Lieben and his associates Eugen Reisz and Siegmund Strauss invented and produced a gas-filled triode – the first thermionic valve with a control grid that was designed specifically for amplification rather than demodulation of signals, and is a distant ancestor of the thyratron. After Lieben's death, the "Lieben valve", which is also known in English as the "Lieben-Reisz valve" and in German as the "LRS-Relais" (Lieben-Reisz-Strauss relay), was used in the world's first continuous wave radio frequency generator designed for radio telephony.

Radio frequency
Radio frequency (RF) is the oscillation rate of an alternating electric current or voltage or of a magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in the frequency range from around 20 kHz to around 300 GHz. These are the frequencies at which energy from an oscillating current can radiate off a conductor into space as radio waves, so they are used in radio technology, among other uses.  Different sources specify different upper and lower bounds for the frequency range.
Sofya Velikaya
Sofiya Aleksandrovna Velikaya (Russian: Софья Александровна Великая, IPA: [ˈsofʲjə vʲɪˈlʲikəjə]; born 8 June 1985) is a Russian sabre fencer.

Velikaya is a former European champion (four-time individual, six-time team), world champion (two-time individual, six-time team), and two-time Olympic team champion. She competed in the 2008, 2012, 2016, and 2020 Olympics, and is a three-time individual silver medalist.

She dedicated her team's 2016 Olympic gold medal to those Russians who had been banned for doping. In January 2024, Velikaya was included in the list of proxies of presidential candidate Vladimir Putin in the 2024 Russian presidential election.

Sabre (fencing)
The sabre (US English: saber, both pronounced /ˈseɪbər/) is one of the three disciplines of modern fencing alongside foil & epee. The sabre weapon is for thrusting and cutting with both the cutting edge and the back of the blade (unlike the other modern fencing weapons, the épée and foil, where a touch is scored only using the point of the blade).

The informal term sabre fencer refers to sabre fencers of both genders.
2012 African Women's Handball Championship
The 2012 African Women's Handball Championship was the 20th edition of the African Women's Handball Championship, organized by the African Handball Confederation. It was the 20th edition of the tournament and was held in Salé, Morocco between 11 and 20 January 2012. The winner qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics.

African Handball Confederation
The African Handball Confederation (acronym CAHB, referring to French: Confédération Africaine de Handball) is the administrative and controlling body for African team handball. Founded on 15 January 1973 after the 2nd All-Africa Games in Lagos (Nigeria), it represents the national handball associations of Africa under the supervision of the International Handball Federation (IHF).

The CAHB headquarters is located in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Its current president is Dr. Mansourou Aremou from Benin. The motto of the organisation is "Let's build African Handball together."
Knut Husebø
Knut Husebø (born 10 May 1946) is a Norwegian actor and visual artist.

Born in Stavanger, Husebø debuted in 1968 in the role Flyndrefanten in the play Taremare by on Den Nationale Scene. He was employed at the Nationaltheatret 1969–1971 and 1975–1986, interrupted by an engagement at the National Theatre 1977–1979 and 1982–1983. Since 1986 he has been a freelance actor.

Among the roles Husebø has played are Edmund in King Lear, Orsino in the Twelfth Night and the title role in Henrik Ibsen's Catiline. He played the multifaceted  Benoni in Fjernsynsteatret's adaptation of Knut Hamsun's novels Benoni and Rosa, and he had one of the leading parts in  Per Bronken's television series adaptation of Sigrid Undset's  Jenny.

In more recent years Husebø's work has most prominently been as a visual artist.

Benoni (novel)
Benoni, written in 1908, is part of a double novel by Knut Hamsun. Benoni is the first part, and Rosa is the sequel and second part of the double work.

Benoni is about the spirited Benoni Hartvigsen, who, at the beginning of the novel, is a poor mail-carrier and fisherman with little social standing, but one day he receives a large sum of money. During the book, Benoni develops into one of the wealthiest men in Sirilund, the village where most of the novel is set.

The 1975 six-part film Benoni and Rosa (Benoni og Rosa) was based on the novel.
Myzery
Nene Encarnacion, also known as Myzery, is a Puerto Rican rapper based out of the Bronx in New York City. He was the first solo act signed with Psychopathic Records, and released his debut EP titled Para La Isla on the label in 1998. Following his departure from Psychopathic Records, Myzery continued to release albums independently. He later returned to Psychopathic Records to release 2018's The Demon Angel.

Cryptic Collection
Cryptic Collection is a compilation album by American hip hop duo Twiztid. Released on November 13, 2000, it is the first in the Cryptic Collection series, followed by Cryptic Collection Vol. 2 and Vol. 3, each containing rare tracks not available on regular releases.
Richard Alsager
Captain Richard Alsager (died 17 January 1841) was a British politician and businessman who served as the Conservative MP for East Surrey from 1835 to 1841.

While in Parliament, Alsager made 15 contributions in the Hansard, spanning 1835 to 1839 only. He lived in Upper Tooting, then a director of Globe Insurance. He was also a director of the Imperial Gas Light and Coke Company.

Alsager died at Upper Tooting in January 1841. His will passed less than the headline bracket of £30,000, its executor was Elizabeth Beatrice, his widow.

Executor
An executor is someone who is responsible for executing, or following through on, an assigned task or duty. The feminine form executrix is sometimes seen in historical documents. The term usually means an executor of a dead person's estate, which is someone whom a will and testament appoints to administer the dead person's estate and dispose of their property as the will and testament directs.
MilkDrop
MilkDrop is a hardware-accelerated music visualization plugin for Winamp and Kodi, which was originally developed by Ryan Geiss in 2001. It uses DirectX and beat detection to render iterated images which blend seamlessly. MilkDrop uses a complex system of interpolation to transition between presets gradually through time, creating a constantly changing visual experience.

Shader
In computer graphics, a shader is a programmable operation which is applied to data as it moves through the rendering pipeline. Shaders can act on data such as vertices and primitives—to generate or morph geometry—and fragments –to calculate the values in a rendered image.

Shaders can execute a wide variety of operations and can run on different types of hardware. In modern real-time computer graphics, shaders are run on graphics processing units (GPUs) –dedicated hardware which provides highly parallel execution of programs. As rendering an image is embarrassingly parallel, fragment and pixel shaders scale well on SIMD hardware. Historically, the drive for faster rendering has produced highly-parallel processors which can in turn be used for other SIMD amenable algorithms. Such shaders executing in a compute pipeline are commonly called compute shaders.
Jewish Public Library (Montreal)
The Jewish Public Library or JPL (French: Bibliothèque publique juive, Yiddish: ייִדישע פֿאָלקס ביבליאָטעק) is a public library in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, founded in 1914. The library contains the largest circulating collection of Judaica in North America. As of 2019, the JPL had about 5,200 members. A constituent agency of Federation CJA, the Jewish Public Library is independent of the Montreal Public Libraries Network and instead receives its funding from the city's Jewish community, membership fees, donations and endowments.

Circulating library
A circulating library (also known as lending libraries and rental libraries) lent books to subscribers, and was first and foremost a business venture. The intention was to profit from lending books to the public for a fee.
Phillipole Marak
Phillipole Marak is an Indian politician and member of the National People's Party. Marak was a member of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly from the Kherapara constituency in West Garo Hills district.

Meghalaya Legislative Assembly
The Meghalaya Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Meghalaya.

Constituted as a directly elected body in 1972, it has 60 members, filled through direct elections held every five years. Like other Indian states, Meghalaya has a parliamentary system of government. The executive branch of the Meghalaya Government is derived from the Legislative Assembly.
Coast RTA
Waccamaw Regional Transportation Authority (or Coast RTA, formerly both Waccamaw RTA and Lymo) is a public bus service along the Grand Strand in Horry County, South Carolina. It is based out of Conway, South Carolina, and services an area from North Myrtle Beach to Georgetown.

Conway, South Carolina
Conway is a city in and the county seat of Horry County, South Carolina, United States.  The population was 24,849 at the 2020 census, up from 17,103 in the 2010 census, making it the 18th-most populous city in the state. The city is part of the Myrtle Beach Metro Area. It is the home of Coastal Carolina University.

Numerous buildings and structures located in Conway are on the National Register of Historic Places. Among these is the City Hall building, designed by Robert Mills, architect of the Washington Monument. Since the completion of the Main Street USA project in the 1980s, Conway's downtown has been revitalized with shops and bistros. Highlighting the renovation of the downtown area is the Riverwalk, an area of restaurants which follows a stretch of the Waccamaw River that winds through Conway.
Welcome to Reality (EP)
Welcome to Reality is an EP by the American punk rock band the Adolescents, released in October 1981 on Frontier Records. Recorded after guitarist Rikk Agnew left the group, it was their only release recorded with guitarist Steve Roberts. The band broke up in August 1981, and when the EP was released two months later it was not well received. When the Adolescents re-formed five years later, a new lineup re-recorded all three songs from Welcome to Reality for their reunion album, 1987's Brats in Battalions.

Frank Agnew
Francis Thomas "Frank" Agnew (born August 18, 1964) is an American guitarist and songwriter, best known for being a member of punk rock band the Adolescents. Frank's brothers Rikk Agnew and Alfie Agnew, as well as his son Frank Agnew Jr., are also former Adolescents guitarists.
Emma Meyer
Emma Eleonore Meyer (20 August 1859, Flensburg — 8 October 1921, Frederiksberg) was a Danish painter best known for her depictions of Jutlandic landscapes. She also produced portraits and flower paintings.

Her sister, Jenny Sophie Meyer, was also a renowned artists, who worked as a porcelain painter at the Royal Porcelain Factory. She likely inspired one of Meyer's most recognizable paintings, which depicted women working at the factory.

Royal Copenhagen
Royal Copenhagen, officially the Royal Porcelain Factory (Danish: Den Kongelige Porcelænsfabrik), is a Danish manufacturer of porcelain products and was founded in Copenhagen in 1775 under the protection of Danish Dowager Queen Juliane Marie. It is recognized by its factory mark, the three wavy lines above each other, symbolizing Denmark's three water ways: Storebælt, Lillebælt and Øresund.
Tablier de sapeur
Tablier de sapeur (French pronunciation: [ta.bli.je də sa.pœʁ]; literal meaning: sapper's apron) is a Lyonnais speciality dish made from beef tripe, specifically the gras-double, which is the membrane of the rumen. It was formerly known as tablier de Gnafron (pronounced [ta.bli.je də ɲa.fʁɔ̃]; lit. 'Gnafron's apron'); Gnafron is a marionette in Lyonnais puppetry. The tripe is boiled in a court-bouillon, marinated in white wine, then covered in breadcrumbs and fried. It is usually served with a sauce gribiche with chives added and steamed potatoes. Tablier de sapeur is one of the most common dishes in the bouchons of Lyon. The Maréchal de Castellane, military governor of Lyon under Napoléon III is often said to have been responsible for the change of name.

Lyonnais
The Lyonnais (French pronunciation: [ljɔnɛ] ⓘ, Arpitan: Liyonês) is a historical province of France which owes its name to the city of Lyon.

The geographical area known as the Lyonnais became part of the Kingdom of Burgundy after the division of the Carolingian Empire. The disintegration of Imperial control, especially after the fall of the Hohenstaufens in 1254, led to French encroachment and eventual acquisition by King Philip IV of France in 1313. Lyonnais now often simply refers to the area around the city of Lyon.

The local speech-form known as Lyonnais is a dialect of the Francoprovençal language that is spoken in the region, but its use is marginal.
Nieman (surname)
Nieman is a Dutch and Low German surname that originated as a nickname for either an unknown or nameless person (Niemand in Dutch and German) or a newcomer to a place (modern Dutch nieuw man, cognate to English Newman and High German Neumann)  People with this surname include:

Alfred Nieman (1914–1997), British pianist and composer

Andries Nieman (1927–2009), South African boxer

Bob Nieman (1927–1985), American baseball player and scout

Butch Nieman (1918–1993), American baseball player

Charles Nieman (born 1949), American megachurch preacher

Lucius W. Nieman (1857–1935), American journalist

Randall Nieman, American musician

Robert Nieman (born 1947), American modern pentathlete

Sebilla Alida Johanna Niemans (1927–1959), Dutch murder victim known as Blonde Dolly

Neumann
Neumann (pronounced [ˈnɔʏman] ⓘ) is a German surname, with its origins in the pre-7th-century (Old English) word neowe meaning "new", with mann, meaning man.  The English form of the name is Newman. Von Neumann is a variant of the name, and alternative spellings include Neuman, Naumann(s),  Nauman, Neiman, and Nyeman.

Its first recorded uses were Godwin Nieweman in Oxfordshire, England, in 1169, and in Germany, Herman Nyeman of Barth in 1325. It was mostly likely originally used as a nickname for a recent arrival or settler. Its early use in Germany was mainly in West Prussia and Pomerelia. It was also used by the Anglo-Saxons and in France (as Neuman). In Middle High German the word for "new" was niuwe, and in modern German neu.

As of 2023 it is the 18th most common surname in Germany.

Notable people with the surname are listed below.
Freddie Ruffell
Frederick William Arthur Ruffell (born 4 January 1997), also known as Freddie Ruffell, is an English former first-class cricketer. He made his first-class debut on 1 April 2018 for Durham MCCU against Warwickshire as part of the Marylebone Cricket Club University fixtures.

Ruffell was born at Lambeth and was educated at Harrow School, before going up to Durham University. While studying at Durham, he made two appearances first-class cricket for Durham MCCU in 2018, against Warwickshire at Edgbaston, and Middlesex at Northwood. Across his two matches, he bowled a total of 27 wicketless overs with his right-arm medium pace bowling, conceding 96 runs. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Ruffell also played minor counties cricket for Norfolk in 2017, making a single appearance in the Minor Counties Championship.

Norfolk County Cricket Club
Norfolk County Cricket Club is one of twenty National County Cricket Clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Norfolk.

The club is a member of the National Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the NCCA Championship, the NCCA Knockout Trophy and, since 2018, in the NCCA Twenty20 competition. Norfolk took part in limited overs competitions which included first-class counties between 1965 and 2004. The club's main home venue is Barker's Lane in Sprowston, on the northern edge of Norwich, although it has used other locations throughout the county.
David Murray Cowie
David Murray Cowie (November 19, 1872 – January 27, 1940) was a Canadian-American physician. He pioneered the salt iodization process in the U.S. He founded the pediatrics department at the University of Michigan and ran a private hospital in Ann Arbor which attracted wealthy patients. Cowie was concerned about the widespread problem of goiter in Michigan (nicknamed the "goiter belt" of America).

Michigan State Medical Society
The Michigan State Medical Society (MSMS) is a professional association representing more than 15,000 physicians in Michigan. Incorporated on June 5, 1866, MSMS is a non-profit, membership organization of physicians, graduates completing residency programs, and medical school students. MSMS is the state affiliate of the American Medical Association.

The Michigan State Medical Society publishes the weekly Medigram eNewsletter and the bi-monthly Michigan Medicine® magazine.
Truth (A Great Detective of Love)
"Truth (A Great Detective of Love)" is the 13th single by J-pop duo Two-Mix. Released on November 26, 1998, it was the duo's first single under Warner Music Japan, following their split from King Records. Composed by the duo of Shiina Nagano and Minami Takayama, the song was used as the opening theme of episodes 124–142 of the anime TV series Case Closed.

The single peaked at No. 3 on Oricon's weekly singles chart, becoming the duo's highest-charting single and final top-10 single. It sold over 228,710 copies and was the duo's final single to be certified Gold by the RIAJ.

Two-Mix
Two-Mix (temporarily known as II MIX⊿DELTA) is a Japanese pop duo formed in 1995 by Minami Takayama (vocals and composer) and Shiina Nagano (synthesizer, composer and lyricist). Their style is fast electronic pop.
The Shambles (band)
The Shambles is an American power pop and rock group from San Diego, California.

Formed in 1990 from members of other regional bands, The Shambles have released numerous CDs, LPs and 7-inch singles, have toured extensively in the United States, and performed in the UK (including an appearance at the Marquee Club in London), Mexico, and Spain.

Marquee Club
The Marquee Club was a music venue in London, England, that opened in 1958 with a range of jazz and skiffle acts. It was a small and relatively cheap club, in the heart of London's West End.

It was the location of the first live performance by the Rolling Stones on 12 July 1962.
Great Fatherland Party
Great Fatherland Party (GFP or PVO; Russian: Партия Великое Отечество; ПВО; Partiya Velikoye Otechestvo, PVO)  is a Russian political party founded on 12 April 2013. The party leader and one of its founders is the writer and publicist Nikolai Starikov.

In 2016, the Party of the Great Fatherland declared its intention to participate in the elections for Russian regional parliaments, contesting seats in St. Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Kaliningrad Oblast, Perm Krai, and Republic of Mordovia.

The Russian abbreviation for the party name is ПВО (PVO), which also stands for anti-aircraft warfare (Russian: Противовоздушная оборона), so the party uses this fact for explanation of its goals: the party protects Russia as does anti-aircraft warfare and neither can be used for aggression.

In March 2020, the party was liquidated by a decision of the Supreme Court of Russia.

Regional parliaments of Russia
The regional parliaments of Russia are the regional legislatures in the federal subjects of Russia (republics, krais, oblasts, autonomous oblasts and federal cities), which have different names but are often collectively referred to as regional parliaments.

The federal structure of Russia includes 85 regional parliaments. The largest regional parliament is the State Assembly of the Republic of Bashkortostan, which consists of 110 deputies, while the smallest one is the Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, which consists of 15 deputies. Currently, deputies in the regional parliaments are elected for five-year terms.
Bat-Ochir Ser-Od
Bat-Ochir "Ziggy" Ser-Od (Mongolian: Бат-Очирын Сэр-Од, born 7 October 1981) is a Mongolian long-distance runner, particularly the marathon. He represented his country in the marathon at six Summer Olympics, in 2004, 2008, 2012 (where he also was flagbearer), 2016, 2021 and 2024. A member of the Morpeth Harriers running club, he divides his time between his native country and Gateshead in England.

Ser-od began his international career in 2002 and has competed in the marathon at ten consecutive editions of the World Championships in Athletics since 2003. His best performance is 20th at the 2011 World Championships. He is Mongolia's first ever elite level marathon runner and his personal best of 2:08:50 is the Mongolian national record. He was the 2013 Asian Marathon Champion and also won the Brighton Marathon and Hofu Yomiuri Marathon in 2010. Other career highlights include top ten finishes at the Berlin Marathon and London Marathon.

Beppu-Ōita Marathon
The Beppu-Ōita Mainichi Marathon (別府大分毎日マラソン, Beppu Ōita Mainichi Marason) is an annual marathon race that takes place every February between the cities of Beppu and Ōita on the island of Kyushu in Japan. The race has IAAF Silver Label Road Race status and is a listed course of AIMS (Association of International Marathons).
Embassy of France, Lima
The Embassy of France in Peru (French: Ambassade de France au Pérou, Spanish: Embajada de Francia en Perú) represents the permanent diplomatic mission of France in Peru. It is located at 3415 Arequipa Avenue, in San Isidro District, Lima.

The current French ambassador to Peru is Marc Giacomini.

Avenida Arequipa
Arequipa Avenue (Spanish: Avenida Arequipa) is one of the main avenues of Lima, Peru. It extends from north to south through the districts of Lima, Lince, San Isidro and Miraflores along 52 blocks. It has a bike path located along its entire central berm.
Ron Simpson
Ronald Simpson (25 February 1934 – 11 November 2010) was an English professional footballer, born in Carlisle, Cumberland, who played as a midfielder in the Football League for Huddersfield Town, Sheffield United and Carlisle United and in the Scottish Football League for Queen of the South. He died on 11 November 2010 following a short illness. There was a floral tribute to Simpson at Bramall Lane in his honour. His funeral was on 18 November 2010.

Cumberland
Cumberland (/ˈkʌmbərlənd/ KUM-bər-lənd) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire to the north. The county included the city of Carlisle, part of the Lake District and North Pennines, and the Solway Firth coastline.

Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria with Westmorland as well as parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire. It gives its name to the unitary authority area of Cumberland, which has similar boundaries but excludes Penrith.