hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ferdinandea (Calabria)
Ferdinandea is an area of 3600 hectare in Serre Calabresi (Calabria, southern Italy) included in the territories of Bivongi, Stilo, Brognaturo, Mongiana and Serra San Bruno in the provinces of Reggio Calabria and Vibo Valentia.

Ferdinandea is entirely covered by fir and beech woods.

The name originates from King Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies, who used the area for hunting after 1832. He later turned it into a metal industry center, building here a foundry,  ironworks, residential and administrative buildings and stables.

Mongiana
Mongiana (Calabrian: Mungiana) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region Calabria, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Vibo Valentia.

Mongiana was the seat of the main ironworks and foundries of the Kingdom of Two Sicilies. The Monte Pecoraro, a peak in the Serre Calabresi, is located in its territory.
2026 Tower Hamlets London Borough Council election
The 2026 Tower Hamlets London Borough Council election will take place on 7 May 2026, as part of the 2026 United Kingdom local elections. All 45 members of Tower Hamlets London Borough Council will be elected, along with the mayor of Tower Hamlets. The election will take place alongside the local elections in the other London boroughs.

Aspire (political party)
Aspire is a British local political party in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, England, formed by Lutfur Rahman and councillors elected as members of his Tower Hamlets First party. After Tower Hamlets First was removed from the register of political parties following voting fraud and malpractice, its councillors formed the Tower Hamlets Independent Group (THIG). After some defections, the remaining Tower Hamlets Independent Group councillors registered formally as a political party in 2018. Most of its elected members were former Labour Party members, with a few exceptions.

It was the largest political opposition on Tower Hamlets Council before the 2018 May elections and then gained majority control of the council in the 2022 election, winning 24 of the council's 45 seats. Rahman was also re-elected mayor in those elections.
Ian Dickson (TV personality)
Ian Ross Perrygrove (born 28 March 1963) better known as Ian "Dicko" Dickson or simply "Dicko" is an English Australian television and radio presenter, television producer, music journalist and former record company executive and talent scout. He has been a talent judge on Australian Idol, The Next Great American Band, the 2012 reboot of Young Talent Time and Australia's Got Talent. He previously spent over twenty years working in the record industry in both the U.K. and Australia, for labels including Creation Records, Sony, A&M and BMG and for music acts including Celine Dion, Ozzy Osbourne, Primal Scream and Pearl Jam.

Bertelsmann Music Group
Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG) was a division of a German media company Bertelsmann before its relaunch and completion of sale of the majority of its assets to Sony Corporation of America on 1 October 2008.

Although it was established in 1987, the music company was formed as RCA/Ariola International in 1985 as a joint venture to combine the music label activities of RCA's RCA Records division and Bertelsmann's Ariola Records and its associated labels which include Arista Records. It consisted of the BMG Music Publishing company, the world's third largest music publisher and the world's largest independent music publisher and (since August 2004) the 50% share of the joint venture with Sony Music, which established the German American Sony BMG from 2004 to 2008.
Karl Elmendorff
Karl Eduard Maria Elmendorff (October 25, 1891 – October 21, 1962) was a German opera conductor.

Born in Düsseldorf, Elmendorff studied music at the Cologne College of Music and Hochschule für Musik Köln from 1913 to 1916 under Fritz Steinbach and Hermann Abendroth.

Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln
The Cologne University of Music (German: Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln) is a public university of music and dance located in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Established in 1850 as the Conservatorium der Musik in Coeln, it is one of the largest music academies in Europe, with approximately 1,400 students and over 100 professors.
Chorizema cytisoides
Chorizema cytisoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia.  It is an erect to low-lying or sprawling shrub with linear leaves and reddish-orange, yellow and purple flowers.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Horaiclavus stenocyma
Horaiclavus stenocyma is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Horaiclavidae.

It was previously included within the family Turridae.

The original figure and description are of little value.

Turridae
Turridae is a taxonomic family name for a number of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.

The family name Turridae was originally given to a very large group of several thousand sea snail species that were thought to be closely related. The family was described with about 700 genus-group taxa and an estimated 10,000 recent and fossil species.  However, that original grouping was discovered to be polyphyletic.

In recent years, the family Turridae has been much reduced in size, because a number of other families were created to contain the monophyletic lineages that had previously been thought to belong in the same family.

The common name turrids is still used informally to refer to the polyphyletic group.
1717–1718 Acts of Grace
The Proclamation for Suppressing of Pirates (also known simply as the Act of Grace, though not an Act of Parliament) was a royal proclamation issued by George I of Great Britain on 5 September 1717. It promised a pardon for acts of piracy committed before the following 5 January, to those pirates who surrendered themselves to the correct authority before a deadline. Originally, the surrender had to occur on or before 5 September 1718; this was later extended by a second proclamation to 1 July 1719.

The proclamation also included bounties for the capture of pirates who failed to surrender before the deadline, as well as offering rewards for pirate crew members who facilitated the capture of their captains.

In December 1718, a further extension of the deadline was suggested, in hopes of dissuading pirates from entering Spanish service during the War of the Quadruple Alliance.

Captain Charles Johnson
Captain Charles Johnson was the British author of the  1724 book A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the most notorious Pyrates, whose identity remains a mystery. No record exists of a captain by this name, and "Captain Charles Johnson" is generally considered a pen name for one of London's writer-publishers. Some scholars have suggested that the author was actually Daniel Defoe, but this is disputed.

A prime source for the biographies of many well known pirates of the era, Johnson gave an almost mythical status to the more colourful characters, and it is likely that the author used considerable artistic licence in his accounts of pirate conversations. First appearing in Charles Rivington's shop in London, the book sold so well that by 1726, an enlarged fourth edition had appeared. English naval historian David Cordingly writes: "It has been said, and there seems no reason to question this, that Captain Johnson created the modern conception of pirates."
Demethylation inhibitor
A demethylation inhibitor is a compound that blocks the removal of methyl groups.  It blocks enzymes (demethylases) from removing methyl groups.  Demethylation inhibitors are a subgroup of sterol biosynthesis inhibitors (steroidogenesis inhibitors). They are used as antifungals and antiprotozoals agents.
 Demethylation inhibitors may commonly refer to fungicides that stop fungal growth by inhibiting sterol (ergosterol) production, vital for fungal cell membranes. Examples are triazoles, imidazoles,  difenoconazole, enilconazole, fenbuconazole, fenarimol, flutriafol, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol and triadimefon.

Ergosterol is absent in animals but is an essential component of the cell membranes of many fungi and protozoa.

DNA demethylating agents are used in cancer therapy like 5-azacytidine to reactivate silenced genes by preventing DNA methylation.

Azacitidine
Azacitidine, sold under the brand name Vidaza among others, is a medication used for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloid leukemia, and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. It is a chemical analog of cytidine, a nucleoside in DNA and RNA. Azacitidine and its deoxy derivative, decitabine (also known as 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine) were first synthesized in Czechoslovakia as potential chemotherapeutic agents for cancer.

The most common adverse reactions in children with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia include pyrexia, rash, upper respiratory tract infection, and anemia.
Streptanthus flavescens
Streptanthus flavescens, synonyms including Guillenia flavescens, is a species of mustard plant in the family Brassicaceae. It is one of several species known by the common name yellow mustard, though the plant most widely known as yellow mustard is probably Sinapis alba. S. flavescens is a thin-stemmed annual herb growing large, lobed or toothed leaves up to 22 centimeters long around its base, and smaller, less toothed leaves along its gray-pink to brown stem. At intervals along the upper stem appear cream, yellowish, or very pale purple flowers, each somewhat cuboid in shape and about a centimeter long. The tips of the petals around the mouth are curled, flared, or claw-like. The fruit is a thin silique up to 9 centimeters long. This species is endemic to California, where it grows in the valleys and mountains surrounding the San Francisco Bay Area.

White mustard
White mustard (Sinapis alba), also called yellow mustard, is an annual plant of the cabbage family. It is sometimes also referred to as Brassica alba or B. hirta. It is native to the Mediterranean region, Europe and Tropical Asia, but is now widespread worldwide. Grown for its seeds, it is used to make the condiment mustard, as a fodder crop, or as a green manure.
Milstar
Milstar (Military Strategic and Tactical Relay) is a constellation of military communications satellites in geosynchronous orbit, which are operated by the United States Space Force, and provide secure and jam-resistant worldwide communications to meet the requirements of the Armed Forces of the United States. Six spacecraft were launched between 1994 and 2003, of which only five were operational after launch; the third launch failed, both damaging the satellite and leaving it in an unusable orbit.

Satellite constellation
A satellite constellation is a group of artificial satellites working together as a system. Unlike a single satellite, a constellation can provide permanent global or near-global coverage, such that at any time everywhere on Earth at least one satellite is visible. Satellites are typically placed in sets of complementary orbital planes and connect to globally distributed ground stations. They may also use inter-satellite communication.
Korbin Forrister
Robert Korbin Forrister (born November 16, 1992) is an American former professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Gander RV & Outdoors Truck Series, driving the Nos. 7 and 17 Toyota Tundras for All Out Motorsports.

Toyota Tundra
The Toyota Tundra (Japanese: トヨタ・タンドラ, Hepburn: Toyota Tandora) is a full-size pickup truck manufactured in the United States by the Japanese manufacturer Toyota since May 1999. The Tundra was the second full-size pickup to be built by a Japanese manufacturer (the first was the Toyota T100), but the Tundra was the first full-size pickup from a Japanese manufacturer to be built in North America. The Tundra was nominated for the North American Truck of the Year award and was Motor Trend magazine's Truck of the Year in 2000 and 2008. Initially built in a new Toyota plant in Princeton, Indiana, production was consolidated in 2008 to Toyota's San Antonio, Texas, factory.
East Main Street Historic District (Richfield Springs, New York)
East Main Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Richfield Springs in Otsego County, New York.  It encompasses 57 contributing buildings, one contributing site, eight contributing structures, and one contributing object. The body of the district includes 33 historic residences, two historic boarding houses, a theatre, post office, a former hotel, and a church.  Spring Park includes a contributing post clock (1918), set of semi-circular limestone steps (c. 1875), bandstand (1904), and cobblestone fountain (1931).  Located within the district boundaries is the U.S. Post Office building.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Cobblestone
Cobblestone is a natural building material based on cobble-sized stones, and is used for pavement roads, streets, and buildings. Setts, also called Belgian blocks, are often referred to as "cobbles", although a sett is distinct from a cobblestone by being quarried and shaped into a regular form, while cobblestones are naturally occurring rounded forms less uniform in size.

It has been used across various cultures for millennia, particularly in Europe, and became especially prominent during the medieval and early modern periods. Today, cobblestone streets are often associated with historic preservation and are used in many cities to maintain the historical character of certain neighborhoods.
Pierella
Pierella is a butterfly genus from the subfamily Satyrinae in the family Nymphalidae found from Mexico through Central America to South America. The species of Pierella have larger hindwings than forewings, unique among butterflies. The oval green flash on the forewing is also unique. It is caused by diffraction, the wing scales forming a diffraction grating.

Their caterpillars have been found on the host plants Heliconia and Calathea.

Scale (zoology)
In zoology, a scale (Ancient Greek: λεπίς, romanized: lepís; Latin: squāma) is a small rigid plate made out of keratin that grows out of vertebrate animals' skin to provide protection. In lepidopterans (butterflies and moths), scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing, made out of chitin instead of keratin, and provide coloration. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times through convergent evolution, with varying structure and function.

Scales are generally classified as part of an organism's integumentary system. There are various types of scales according to the shape and class of an animal.
Manuel Corrales (sport shooter)
Manuel Corrales (18 December 1896 – October 1936) was a Spanish sports shooter. He competed in the 25 m rapid fire pistol and 50 m rifle events at the 1932 Summer Olympics. He was killed during the Spanish Civil War in 1936 aged 39.

Shooting at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Men's 25 metre rapid fire pistol
The men's ISSF 25 meter rapid fire pistol was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1932 Summer Olympics programme. It was the sixth appearance of the event. The competition was held on August 12, 1932. 18 shooters from 7 nations competed. Nations were limited to three shooters each. The event was won by Renzo Morigi of Italy, with Heinrich Hax of Germany taking silver and another Italian, Domenico Matteucci, earning bronze. They were the first medals in the event for both nations.
Bhawanipur, Siraha
Bhawanipur  is a village development committee in Siraha District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 5,497 people living in 1,092 individual households.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Blooming Hits
Blooming Hits was a studio instrumental album by Paul Mauriat and His Orchestra.  It was released in 1967 and spent five weeks at number one in 1968.  It was certified as a Gold LP by the Recording Industry Association of America. The single "Love Is Blue" hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1968. The success of this song in the United States led to Philips Records requesting Mauriat's French label to complete an entire album.  The completed album included instrumentals of hits such as the Beatles' "Penny Lane," Herman's Hermits' "There's a Kind of Hush," Frank and Nancy Sinatra's "Somethin' Stupid" and Sandie Shaw's 1967 Eurovision song contest winner "Puppet on a String."  The album was briefly re-released by Collectors' Choice Music on CD, but is now out of print.

Sandie Shaw
Sandra Ann Goodrich MBE (born 26 February 1947), better known by her stage name Sandie Shaw, is a retired English pop singer. One of the most successful British female singers of the 1960s, she had three UK number one singles with "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me" (1964), "Long Live Love" (1965) and "Puppet on a String" (1967). With the latter, she became the first British entry to win the Eurovision Song Contest. She was seen as epitomising the Swinging Sixties and was often described as "the barefoot pop princess of the 1960s". She returned to the UK Top 40, for the first time in 15 years, with her 1984 cover of the Smiths song "Hand in Glove". Shaw retired from the music industry in 2013.
Dogtooth Range
The Dogtooth Range is a mountain range in southeastern British Columbia, Canada. It is a sub-range of the Purcell Mountains, which are part of the larger Columbia Mountains. The western portion of the range lies within Glacier National Park.  It is bounded by the Beaver River to the west, the Spillmacheen River to the south, and the Columbia River to the north and east. The range was named by railway surveyor James J. McArthur in 1892; previous maps called the range the "Prairie Hills".

The highest point in the range is Dogtooth Peak at 2,838 metres (9,311 ft). Other major peaks include Moonraker, Little Sir Donald, and Dawn Mountain. Some mountains in the range have names from breeds of canines, including Rottweiler, Retriever, Akita, Malamute, Foxhound, and Great Dane. The Kicking Horse Resort is located on the eastern edge of the range, near the town of Golden.

James J. McArthur
James Joseph McArthur (9 May 1856 – 14 April 1925) was a Canadian surveyor and mountaineer  who was the first to climb several peaks in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. 
Two mountains and a lake are named after him, and he gave names to various other features.
He was a pioneer in the use of photography for surveying, under the direction of  the Surveyor General, Édouard-Gaston Deville. 
He did extensive work on surveying the borders between Canada and the United States in the Yukon and west of Lake Superior.
Fahey–Murray ministry (1992)
The Fahey–Murray ministry (1992) or First Fahey–Murray ministry or First Fahey ministry was the 82nd ministry of the New South Wales Government, and was led by the 38th Premier of New South Wales, John Fahey, representing the Liberal Party in coalition with the National Party, led by Wal Murray.

Premier of New South Wales
The premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster Parliamentary System, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The premier is appointed by the Governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.

Before Federation in 1901, the term "prime minister of New South Wales" was also used. "Premier" has been used more or less exclusively from 1901, to avoid confusion with the federal prime minister of Australia.

The current premier is Chris Minns, the leader of the New South Wales Labor Party, who assumed office on 28 March 2023. Minns defeated Dominic Perrottet at the election held on 25 March 2023, after twelve years of Liberal/National Coalition rule.
Oussama Essabr
Oussama Essabr (Arabic: أسامة إسبر; born 19 January 1989) is a Moroccan footballer who has played as a forward in Italy for Juventus FC, Vicenza Calcio, A.C. Arezzo, Cosenza Calcio, F.C. Crotone, A.C. Prato, S.E.F. Torres 1903 and Vigor Lamezia

Moroccans
Moroccans (Arabic: المغاربة, romanised: al-Maġāriba) are the citizens and nationals of Morocco. The country's population is predominantly composed of Arabs and Berbers. The term also applies more broadly to any people who share a common Moroccan culture and identity, as well as those who natively speak Moroccan Arabic or other languages of Morocco.

In addition to the approximately 37 million residents of Morocco, there is a large Moroccan diaspora. Considerable Moroccan populations can be found in France, Spain, Belgium, Italy, and the Netherlands; with smaller notable concentrations in other Arab states as well as Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada.
Campo de Borja
Campo de Borja is a comarca (district) in Aragon, Spain. It is located in the province of Zaragoza, in a transition area between the Iberian System of mountain ranges and the Ebro Valley. Its capital is Borja.

It is a wine-producing comarca, famous for its Campo de Borja wines, both red and white.

Iberian System
The Iberian System is one of the major systems of mountain ranges in Spain.
It consists of a vast and complex area of mostly relatively high and rugged mountain chains and massifs located in the central region of the Iberian Peninsula, but reaching almost the Mediterranean coast in the Valencian Community in the east.

The system is hydrographically important, as it separates the watersheds of most of the major rivers in Spain and Portugal, including the Ebro basin to the east from the basins of the Douro, Tagus, Guadiana (Záncara-Gigüela), Júcar and Turia to the west and south.

There are important mining areas in some of the ranges such as Sierra Menera, Sierra de Arcos and Sierra de San Just, making the system one of the chief mining regions in Spain since ancient times. One of the comarcas of Aragon located in the Iberian System was given the name of Cuencas Mineras, lit. 'Mining Basins', since mining is the main activity in the comarca.