hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Secret (play)
The Secret is a 1799 comedy play by the British writer Edward Morris. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London on 2 March 1799 and enjoyed a run of seventeen performances that season. The original cast included William Barrymore as Mr Dorville, Robert Palmer as Sir Harry Fleetly, Richard Suett as Mr Lizard, Charles Bannister as Jack Lizard, William Dowton as Mr Torrid, Charles Kemble as Henry Torrid, George Wathen as Ralph, Walter Maddocks as Steward, Jane Powell as Mrs Esther Dorville, Dorothea Jordan as Rosa and Jane Pope as Susannah Lizard. The prologue was written by Charles Morris and the epilogue by George Colman the Younger.

Prologue
A prologue or prolog (from Ancient Greek πρόλογος prólogos, from πρό pró, "before" and λόγος lógos, "speech") is an opening to a story that establishes the context and gives background details, often some earlier story that ties into the main one, and other miscellaneous information. The Ancient Greek word πρόλογος includes the modern meaning of prologue, but was of wider significance, more like the meaning of preface. The importance, therefore, of the prologue in Greek drama was very great; it sometimes almost took the place of a romance, to which, or to an episode in which, the play itself succeeded.
Toda lattice
The Toda lattice, introduced by Morikazu Toda (1967), is a simple model for a one-dimensional crystal in solid state physics. It is famous because it is one of the earliest examples of a non-linear completely integrable system.

It is given by a chain of particles with nearest neighbor interaction, described by the Hamiltonian

and the equations of motion

where  is the displacement of the -th particle from its equilibrium position,

and  is its momentum (mass ),

and the Toda potential .

Solid-state physics
Solid-state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as solid-state chemistry, quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy. It is the largest branch of condensed matter physics. Solid-state physics studies how the large-scale properties of solid materials result from their atomic-scale properties. Thus, solid-state physics forms a theoretical basis of materials science. Along with solid-state chemistry, it also has direct applications in the technology of transistors and semiconductors.
Quebec Route 350
Route 350 is a provincial highway located in the Mauricie region of Quebec. It runs from the junction of Route 348 in Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé to the junction of Route 153 west of Saint-Boniface-de-Shawinigan. It overlaps Route 349 in Saint-Paulin and Route 351 in Charette.

Mauricie
Mauricie (French pronunciation: [mɔʁisi]) is a traditional and current administrative region of Quebec. La Mauricie National Park is contained within the region, making tourism in Mauricie popular. The region has a land area of 35,860.05 km2 (13,845.64 sq mi) and a population of 266,112 residents as of the 2016 Census. Its largest cities are Trois-Rivières and Shawinigan.

The word Mauricie was coined by local priest and historian Albert Tessier and is based on the Saint-Maurice river which runs through the region on a North-South axis.

Mauricie administrative region was created on August 20, 1997 from the split of Mauricie–Bois-Francs administrative region into Mauricie and Centre-du-Québec.  However, the concept of Mauricie as a traditional region long predates this.
The Illusion of Independent Radio
The Illusion of Independent Radio — a Russian samizdat radio program, created in 1989 at Rostov-on-Don and distributed on tape reels and cassettes. It was the world's first (Soviet-Russian) prototype of podcasting, the media phenomenon that emerged in the 2000s.

Samizdat
Samizdat (Russian: самиздат, pronounced [səmɨzˈdat], lit. 'self-publishing') was a form of dissident activity across the Eastern Bloc in which individuals reproduced censored and underground makeshift publications, often by hand, and passed the documents from reader to reader. The practice of manual reproduction was widespread, because printed texts could be traced back to the source. This was a grassroots practice used to evade official Soviet censorship.
Parliamentary Ombudsman
Parliamentary Ombudsman (Swedish: Riksdagens ombudsman, Finnish: Eduskunnan oikeusasiamies, Icelandic: Umboðsmaður Alþingis, Danish: Folketingets Ombudsmand, Norwegian: Sivilombudet) is the name of the principal ombudsman institutions in the Nordic countries of Sweden (where the term justice ombudsman – Justitieombudsmannen or JO – is also used), Finland, Iceland, Denmark and Norway. In each case, the terms refer both to the office of the parliamentary ombudsman and to an individual ombudsman.

Chancellor of Justice (Sweden)
The chancellor of justice (Swedish: Justitiekanslern [jɵsˈtîːtsɪɛˌkanslɛɳ] ⓘ; JK) is a Swedish government agency (with the agency head holding the same title as the agency name) charged with representing the Government of Sweden in various legal matters as the government's ombudsman. The office was originally created through a decree issued by King Charles XII in 1713.

The Chancellor is appointed by the Government and serves at its pleasure, though without belonging to the spoils system; the longest term in office this far having been 22 years. The current Chancellor of Justice is Thomas Bull, who entered office on March 1 2025.
Walternienburg-Bernburg culture
Walternienburg-Bernburger Kultur refers to a mid-Neolithic culture which was focused on the area of modern Saxony-Anhalt, the Thuringian Basin and Franconia from 3200 to 2800 BC. It consisted of two regional groups, Walternienburg and Bernburg which interacted closely with each other. Both are named after burial sites in Saxony-Anhalt. Alfred Götze identified the Bernburg type in 1892 and the Walternienburg in 1911. Nils Åberg linked them together as the Walternienburg-Bernburg Culture in 1918, as two closely connected or completely co-extensive cultures. This suggestion is no longer valid, however, since the two cultures have clearly distinct funerary and burial practices. The earlier large stone graves attributed to the Walternienburg culture are today assigned to the Tiefstichkeramik culture and the shape of pottery belonging to the Walternienburg culture shows that it was in the Tiefstichkeramik tradition.

Alfred Götze
Alfred Götze (or Goetze) (1 Jun 1865, Weimar–20 Nov 1948, Römhild) was a German prehistorian. Götze may have received the first doctorate in the field of prehistory and early history, and later became one of the first scientists active in the field. He worked for a long time in the Archaeological Preservation (Bodensekmalpflege) in Berlin and Brandenburg and was founder and long-time director of the Steinsburg Museum  in Römhild.
Bell Farmhouse
Bell Farmhouse is a historic home located at Newark in New Castle County, Delaware.  The farmhouse was built about 1845 and is a two-story, gable-roofed brick building with an original two-story ell in the rear.  It features a massive Doric columned wrap-around porch.  Also on the property is a smokehouse, carriage house, and shed.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Smokehouse
A smokehouse (North American) or smokery (British) is a building where meat or fish is cured with smoke. The finished product might be stored in the building, sometimes for a year or more. Even when smoke is not used, such a building—typically a subsidiary building—is sometimes referred to as a "smokehouse".  When smoke is not used, the term meathouse or meat house is common.
Pantheon (film)
Pantheon is a 2017 French short film directed by Ange-Régis Hounkpatin and produced by Myrina Mané for TS Productions. The film stars William Edimo in the lead role along with Bass Dhem, Sophia Elisabeth and Hugo Marí. The film rotates around Saloman, a 35 years old taxi driver who is a son of a Beninese immigrant.

The film had its premier on 22 June 2017 at Palm Springs International Film Festival, USA. The film received critical acclaim and was officially selected to screen at The African Film Festival 2017, the Atlanta Film Festival 2018 and the Filmfest Dresden 2018. The film won the Bridging the Borders Award at the Palm Springs International Festival of Short Films 2017. In the same year, the film received Honorable Mention at Kolkata International Film Festival.

Palm Springs International Festival of Short Films
The Palm Springs International Festival of Short Films (a.k.a. Palm Springs International ShortFest) held annually in Palm Springs, California is the largest film festival for short films in the United States.

The Palm Springs International Festival of Short Films takes place across seven days each June, showing more than 350 short films every year, and hosting a Short Film Market with over 3,000 new short films annually. It also presents a three-day program of seminars, master classes, panels and roundtable discussions with free admission for all filmmaking and industry guests. An AMPAS qualifying Festival, PSISF has hosted 97 short films in its 19-year history that went on to secure Oscar nominations in the short film categories.

The Festival of Short Films is a spin-off of the Palm Springs International Film Festival (PSIFF) that takes place each January.

In 2021 the main PSIFF festival was not held due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but the ShortFest went ahead on June 22–28.
Solitude Aeturnus
Solitude Aeturnus is an American epic doom metal band from Arlington, Texas. Founded by guitarist John Perez in 1987, the band has released six studio albums. Their original name Solitude (later changed to Solitude Aeturnus) was chosen to pay homage to Black Sabbath and Candlemass, both of whom had songs bearing the name "Solitude".

The band's vocalist, Robert Lowe, was also the singer for the doom metal band Candlemass between 2007 and 2012. Former drummer and bassist Lyle Steadham is now the guitarist and lead vocalist for the band Ghoultown.

Massacre Records
Massacre Records is an independent record label based in Abstatt, Germany, specializing in bands from the heavier genres of metal.

The label was founded in 1991 by Torsten Hartmann. Associated with Massacre Records are the marketing and music wholesale company Metal Merchant, the sub-labels Blue Rose Records and Gutter Records, dedicated to the singer/songwriter genre and German metal respectively, and the music publisher Sylvian Music. Massacre Records also distributes albums for the gothic metal label MCM Music.

From 1995 to 2000, Massacre Records operated the sub-label Swanlake Records for its gothic metal and folk metal releases. The most well-known artists published on Swanlake include Skyclad, Atrocity, Theatre of Tragedy, and Liv Kristine.

The best-selling albums released by Massacre Records are: Velvet Darkness They Fear and Aégis by Theatre of Tragedy, and Werk 80 by Atrocity.
Waterloo, Lafayette County, Missouri
Waterloo is a community in Lafayette County, Missouri, United States. The community is located in west central Missouri on MO 224, near the south bank of the Missouri River.  Nearby towns include Napoleon, Wellington, and Lexington.

Wellington, Missouri
Wellington is a city in Lafayette County, Missouri, and part of the Kansas City metropolitan area within the United States.  It is located approximately 35 miles east of Kansas City.  As of the 2020 census, Wellington had a population of 738.
Paadhukaappu
Paadhukaappu (transl. Protection) is a 1970 Indian Tamil-language drama film, directed by A. Bhimsingh and produced by A. Bhimsingh. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Jayalalithaa, T. S. Balaiah and Major Sundarrajan. It was released on 27 November 1970.

Major Sundarrajan
Srinivasan Sundarrajan (17 March 1935 – 28 February 2003), popularly known as Major Sundarrajan, was an Indian actor and film director who performed predominantly in Tamil language films and plays. He was well known for his sophisticated and urbane way of delivering dialogues, often mixing Chinglish and Tamil sentences.
2018 UCI Europe Tour
The 2018 UCI Europe Tour was the fourteenth season of the UCI Europe Tour. The 2018 season began on 25 January 2018 with the Trofeo Porreres, Felanitx, Ses Salines, Campos and ended on 16 October 2018 with the Nationale Sluitingsprijs.

French rider Nacer Bouhanni (Cofidis), who scored 1,124 points in the 2017 edition, is the defending champion from the 2017 UCI Europe Tour.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
Alwyn Lindsay
Alwyn Lindsay (4 June 1923 – 24 August 2001) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Lindsay, a utility, played 31 league games for Geelong, from 1945 to 1947.

He captain-coached Geelong West in the 1950 Ballarat Football League season.

Ballarat Football League
The Ballarat Football League (BFL) is an Australian rules football competition that operates in the Ballarat region of Victoria.

The competition formed in 1893 as the Ballarat Football Association and was renamed Ballarat Football League in 1908 and was briefly known as the Ballarat-Wimmera Football League between 1934 and 1936.
Tsagkarada
Tsagkarada (Greek: Τσαγκαράδα) is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Mouresi in the eastern part of Magnesia, Greece.

It was the seat of the former municipality Mouresi. It is situated at 408 m elevation, on the eastern slope of the forested Pelion mountains. The community includes the village Mylopotamos. Tsagkarada is located 1.5 km southeast of Mouresi, 3 km north of Xorychti, 9 km southeast of Zagora and about 20 km east of the city of Volos (Magnesia's capital).

In the main square, near Agia Paraskevi church, there is a big platanus tree. Perhaps the oldest of Greece, it is said to be at least one thousand years old. It has a perimeter of nearly 20 meters.

Pelion
Pelion or Pelium (Modern Greek: Πήλιο, Pílio; Ancient Greek/Katharevousa: Πήλιον, Pēlion) is a mountain at the southeastern part of Thessaly in northern Greece, forming a hook-like peninsula between the Pagasetic Gulf and the Aegean Sea. Its highest summit, Pourianos Stavros, is 1,624 metres (5,328 ft) amsl. The Greek National Road 38 (GR-38) runs through the southern portion of the peninsula and GR-38A runs through the middle.
Robert Lisovskyi
Robert Antonovych Lisovskyi (Ukrainian: Роберт Антонович Лісовський; 29 December 1893 – 28 December 1982) was a Ukrainian artist and graphic designer, a follower of Mykhailo Boychuk and Heorhiy Narbut. He specialized in various forms of graphic arts, particularly printmaking, book illustration, decorative and applied arts, scenography, and design.

The artist is known for his logo designs of Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and Lufthansa's crane.

Lisovskyi was the head of the Association of Ukrainians in Great Britain.

Decorative arts
The decorative arts are arts or crafts whose aim is the design and manufacture of objects that are both beautiful and functional. This includes most of the objects for the interiors of buildings, as well as interior design, but typically excludes architecture. Ceramic art, metalwork, furniture, jewellery, fashion, various forms of the textile arts and glassware are major groupings.

Applied arts largely overlap with the decorative arts, and in modern parlance they are both often placed under the umbrella category of design. The decorative arts are often categorized in distinction to the "fine arts", namely painting, drawing, photography, and large-scale sculpture, which generally produce objects solely for their aesthetic quality and capacity to stimulate the intellect.
FastICA
FastICA is an efficient and popular algorithm for independent component analysis invented by Aapo Hyvärinen at Helsinki University of Technology. Like most ICA algorithms, FastICA seeks an orthogonal rotation of prewhitened data, through a fixed-point iteration scheme, that maximizes a measure of non-Gaussianity of the rotated components. Non-gaussianity serves as a proxy for statistical independence, which is a very strong condition and requires infinite data to verify. FastICA can also be alternatively derived as an approximative Newton iteration.

Non-Gaussianity
In physics, a non-Gaussianity is the correction that modifies the expected Gaussian function estimate for the measurement of a physical quantity.

In physical cosmology, the fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background are known to be approximately Gaussian, both theoretically as well as experimentally. However, most theories predict some level of non-Gaussianity in the primordial density field. Detection of these non-Gaussian signatures will allow discrimination between various models of inflation and their alternatives.
Folkvord
Folkvord is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Erling Folkvord (1949–2024),  Norwegian politician

Gard Folkvord (1969–), Norwegian politician

Magnhild Folkvord (1945–), Norwegian journalist and biographer

Svein Folkvord (1967–), Norwegian jazz musician

Gard Folkvord
Gard Folkvord (born 10 January 1969 in Voss Municipality) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Hordaland during the terms 1993–1997, 1997–2001 and 2001–2005. He was a regular representative from 1996 to 1997 and 2000 to 2001, covering for Ranveig Frøiland and Grete Knudsen who were appointed to the cabinet Jagland and first cabinet Stoltenberg respectively.

On the local level he was a member of the executive committee of the municipal council of Odda Municipality from 1991 to 2003. In 2007 he returned to local politics to become mayor.
Reshteh khoshkar
Reshteh khoshkar (Persian: رشته‌خشکار) is the traditional cookie especially for Ramadan in Gilan Province, Iran. It is made of rice flour, and filled with sugar, ground walnuts or hazelnuts, cardamom, cinnamon, ginger and spice, fried in hot oil or fat. Made of rice flour, wheat flour, sugar, almonds, walnuts, and cinnamon, it is slowly fried in oil. Rice flour batter is poured in a small container with multiple holes such that the rice batter runs out of it as fountain. This container is then used to make a pattern on a hot skillet with the running rice batter. The hot skillet firms up the rice batter and makes a thin patterned sheet of rice pastry. A filling of crushed walnuts, sugar and sometimes other ingredients is placed in the center of the pastry and folded securely. This is then fried in oil and enjoyed.

Cardamom
Cardamom (/ˈkɑːrdəməm/), sometimes cardamon or cardamum, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genera Elettaria and Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae. Both genera are native to the Indian subcontinent and Indonesia. They are recognized by their small seed pods: triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin, papery outer shell and small, black seeds; Elettaria pods are light green and smaller, while Amomum pods are dark brown and larger.

Species used for cardamom are native throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. The first references to cardamom are found in Sumer, and in Ayurveda. In the 21st century, it is cultivated mainly in India, Indonesia, and Guatemala.
Aranese Democratic Convergence
Aranese Democratic Convergence (Aranese: Convergéncia Democratica Aranesa, formerly Convergéncia Democratica Aranesa - Partit Nacionalista Aranés) is a political party in Val d'Aran that formed the Aranese section of CDC. CDA is, along with Unity of Aran, one of the two major parties of the comarca that contest elections for the Aranese General Council. It had been led for 30 years by Josep Luís Boya until Carlos Barrera Sánchez was elected as the new chairman in 2008. The party gained 42.6% of the votes at the General Council elections in 2007. Maria Pilar Busquets became the 1st Sindic d'Aran in 1991.

Síndic d'Aran
The Síndic d'Aran (Occitan for 'Aran Syndic') is the head of government of the Val d'Aran, an autonomously governed region within the Province of Lleida of Catalonia, Spain. The Síndic leads the thirteen-member Conselh Generau d'Aran, the governing body of the region. The office of Síndic d'Aran and the larger autonomous government were created in June 1991.

The Síndic d'Aran is elected by the members of the Conselh Generau d'Aran. To be elected as Síndic, a candidate must win either an absolute majority in the first vote or a simple majority in the second round. Successful candidates serve a four-year term in office.
Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron 39
Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron 39 (MALS-39) is an aviation logistics support unit of the United States Marine Corps. Once known as the "Magicians," they are now known as the "Hellhounds", and they fall under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 39 (MAG-39) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW) and are currently based at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton, California.

3rd Marine Aircraft Wing
The 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (abbreviated as 3rd MAW) is the major west coast aviation unit of the United States Marine Corps. It is headquartered at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, in San Diego, California, and provides the aviation combat element for I Marine Expeditionary Force.  The wing is made up of a headquarters squadron, four flying groups, an aviation command and control group and an aviation engineering group.
Skarholt
Skarholt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amund Rasmussen Skarholt (1892–1956), Norwegian politician

Anders Skarholt (born 1986), Norwegian orienteering competitor

Ola Skarholt (1939–2017), Norwegian orienteering competitor

The Rosensparre family, also known as the Skarholts, of Skarhult Castle

Ola Skarholt
Ola Skarholt (30 November 1939 – 18 June 2017), was a Norwegian orienteering competitor. He became Relay World Champion in 1970 as a member of the Norwegian winning team, which also consisted of Stig Berge, Per Fosser and Åge Hadler. Skarholt placed fourth in the individual contest.

He also won bronze medals in the relay in the 1966 and 1968 World Orienteering Championships.

Skarholt represented the clubs SK Freidig and IL i BUL. His results at the Norwegian Orienteering Championships include an individual gold medal in 1965.

Skarholt was educated at the Norwegian Institute of Technology, and worked as engineer in the electric power industry. His last job before retirement was a fourteen-year stint as managing director of Lier Electricity Works. He died in Asker on 18 June 2017, 77 years old.