hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Owais Hameed
Owais Hameed (born 22 November 1987) is a former international cricketer who represented the United Arab Emirates national team between 2007 and 2010. He bowled right-arm off-spin and batted right-handed.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Ripple Nature Reserve
Ripple Nature Reserve is an 8.3-hectare (21-acre) Site of Metropolitan Importance for Nature Conservation and Local Nature Reserve in Dagenham in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. It is owned by the borough council.

The site is a mixture of woodland, scrub and grassland. Most soils in London are acidic, but this site has a very alkaline soil due to the dumping of fuel ash, and can therefore support locally unusual plants. The most important of these are pyramidal and southern marsh orchids, grey club rush and wild basil. The site also has large numbers of rabbits and goldfinches. Some rare species of insects are present, including emerald damselfly.

Access is at the corner of Renwick Road and Thames Road.

51°31′26″N 0°06′50″E﻿ / ﻿51.524°N 0.114°E﻿ / 51.524; 0.114

Lestes sponsa
Lestes sponsa is a damselfly with a wide Palaearctic distribution. It is known commonly as the emerald damselfly or common spreadwing. Both males and females have a metallic green colour and brown wing spots. It resides near pools with aquatic plants. When resting its wings are usually half opened.
Inoue Tetsujirō
Inoue Tetsujirō (井上 哲次郎; February 1, 1855 – December 7, 1944) was a Japanese philosopher, poet and educator. He is known for introducing Western philosophy in Japan and for being a pioneer in Eastern philosophy. He became the first Japanese professor of philosophy at Tokyo Imperial University, and also served as the 2nd President of Daito Bunka Academy.

He condemned Christianity as fundamentally incompatible with the theocratic, polytheistic Japanese polity and thus considered its followers "inherently disloyal" to Japan. He compiled A Dictionary of Philosophy (哲学字彙, Tetsugaku jii), which was first published in 1881, again in 1884, and finally in 1912.

Daito Bunka University
Daito Bunka University (大東文化大学, Daitō Bunka Daigaku; だいとうぶんかだいがく ,lit. Great East Culture University) is a private university with two campuses: one at Itabashi in Tokyo and the other at Higashi Matsuyama in Saitama, Japan. The university is known for its sports program, which is renowned in rugby and distance running, with the Ekiden (駅伝; えきでん, relay road race) team coming fourth in the prestigious January 2009 New Year Hakone Ekiden.  Daito Bunka focuses primarily on cultural arts and humanities.
Solkan
Solkan (pronounced [ˈsoːu̯kan] or [sɔu̯ˈkan]; Italian: Salcano, German: Sollingen or Salcano) is a settlement in the Municipality of Nova Gorica in the Gorizia region of western Slovenia, at the border with Italy. Although it forms a single urban area with the city of Nova Gorica today, it has maintained the status of a separate urban settlement due to its history and the strong local identity of its residents.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Stephen and belongs to the Diocese of Koper.

Friulian language
Friulian (/friˈuːliən/ free-OO-lee-ən) or Friulan (endonym: furlan [fuɾˈlaŋ] ⓘ; Italian: friulano; Austrian German: Furlanisch; Slovene: furlanščina) is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance family.  Friulian is spoken in the historical region of Friuli (nowadays 90% of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region and a little part of Veneto region) in the northeastern part of Italy and has around 600,000 speakers, the vast majority of whom also speak Italian. It is sometimes called Eastern Ladin since it shares the same roots as Ladin, but over the centuries, it has diverged under the influence of surrounding languages, including German, Italian, Venetian, and Slovene. Documents in Friulian are attested from the 11th century and poetry and literature date as far back as 1300. By the 20th century, there was a revival of interest in the language.
David Stead (cricketer)
David William Stead (born 26 May 1947) is a former New Zealand cricketer who played first-class cricket for Canterbury from 1969 to 1986.

A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace and leg-spin bowler, Stead had his most successful season with the bat in 1980/81, when he made 479 runs at an average of 43.54, including his only century, 193 not out against Central Districts. He also took 6 for 79 in the first innings of the same match, but Central Districts won by three wickets. His best figures in first-class cricket were 7 for 99 against Otago in 1982–83, when Canterbury nevertheless lost by an innings.

His son Gary played Test cricket for New Zealand in 1999 and was appointed coach of the national team in August 2018. David's elder sister Janice also played cricket for New Zealand.

Central Districts cricket team
The Central Stags, formerly known as Central Districts, are a first-class cricket team based in central New Zealand. They are the men's representative side of the Central Districts Cricket Association. They compete in the Plunket Shield first-class competition, The Ford Trophy domestic one-day competition and the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 competition. They are one of six teams that make up New Zealand Cricket. They were the fifth of the current teams to compete in the Plunket Shield which they entered for the first time in the 1950/51 season, and are the only men's first-class side representing regions in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand.
Lyle S. Shelmidine
Lyle Stanton Shelmidine (June 16, 1906 – May 6, 1966) was an American Professor of History and a Naval Intelligence Officer during World War II.

Born in Spencer, Iowa, Shelmidine was one of nine children. Shelmidine was a professor and the Chairman of the Department of History at the College of Puget Sound (now the University of Puget Sound).He received his Bachelor of Arts from Grinnell College, and his MA and PHD at the University of Iowa. Shelmidine was also a member of the American Historical Association.

American Historical Association
The American Historical Association (AHA) is the oldest professional association of historians in the United States and the largest such organization in the world with 11,000 members as of 2025. Founded in 1884, AHA works to protect academic freedom, develop professional standards, and support scholarship and innovative teaching. It publishes The American Historical Review four times annually, which features scholarly history-related articles and book reviews.

AHA is the major learned society for historians working in the United States, while the Organization of American Historians is a field society for historians who study and teach about the United States. The AHA's congressional charter of 1889, established it "for the promotion of historical studies, the collection and preservation of historical manuscripts, and for kindred purposes in the interest of American history, and of history in America."
1999 Liga Perdana 2
The 1999 Liga Perdana 2 season was the second season of Liga Perdana 2. A total of ten teams participated in the season.

Selangor and Perlis were relegated from Liga Perdana 1 while TMFC and Kelantan TNB were promoted from Malaysia FAM League to a now increased total number of teams competing in the league from eight to become ten teams.

The season kicked off on 19 March 1999. Johor won the title and was promoted to Liga Perdana 1 alongside Selangor.

Malaysia FAM Cup
The FAM Cup (Malay: Piala FAM) was a knock-out football tournament for the Malaysia M3 League and the Malaysia M4 League in Malaysia. From 2008 to 2018 it was held as a third-tier league and used the FAM League (Liga FAM) name.

The competition was first held in September 1951. Up to 1973, the competition was open to state teams that also competed in the Malaysia Cup, before the Football Association of Malaysia (FAM) opened up the competition to club sides from 1974 onwards.
Drosera menziesii
Drosera menziesii, the pink rainbow, is an erect or scrambling perennial tuberous species in the carnivorous plant genus Drosera. It is endemic to Western Australia and grows in a variety of habitats, including winter-wet depressions, swamps, and granite outcrops in clay or peat sand soils or loam. D. menziesii produces small, circular carnivorous leaves along an undulating erect stem that can be .05–1.1 m (0.2–3.6 ft) high. Its pink flowers emerge from July to November.

Granite outcrops of Western Australia
Granite outcrops of Western Australia are weathered landforms that occur throughout the state of Western Australia, composed primarily of the rock type granite. All recognised types of this landform can be observed, commonly as bornhardts, but also as inselbergs, castle koppies and nubbins. Rising abruptly from the surrounding landscape they create a variety of microhabitats for plants, and provide seasonal resources and refuge for a range of animals. These areas thus have rich biodiversity and many endemic species. They are significant locations that tie in with the Aboriginal and European cultural heritage of Western Australia.
Gluconolactonase
The enzyme gluconolactonase (EC 3.1.1.17) catalyzes the reaction

D-glucono-1,5-lactone + H2O  D-gluconate

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carboxylic ester bonds.  The systematic name is D-glucono-1,5-lactone lactonohydrolase. Other names in common use include lactonase, aldonolactonase, glucono-δ-lactonase, and gulonolactonase.  This enzyme participates in three metabolic pathways: pentose phosphate pathway, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and caprolactam degradation.

Caprolactam
Caprolactam (CPL) is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)5C(O)NH. This colourless solid is a lactam (a cyclic amide) of caproic acid. Global demand for this compound is approximately five million tons per year, and the vast majority is used to make nylon 6 filament, fiber, and plastics.
Tsakane
Tsakani, formally known as Tsakane, is a township located in Ekurhuleni, Gauteng, South Africa. It was established during the early 1960s due to Apartheid's segregationist policies and was formally founded as a designated area. Tsakani is a Tsonga word which means joy and this township is associated with the adjacent townships of KwaThema and Duduza, being collectively called Kwatsaduza in Ekurhuleni.

During the 2011 Census the population of Tsakane consisted of Black Africans (134,342), Coloureds (539), Whites (28), Indian/Asians (216) - 135,994 in total. The languages that are spoken are as follows: IsiZulu, Sotho, Xhosa, Setswana, Xitsonga, Ndebele and English. Tsakani is divided into different extensions: 1, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 5, 8, 9 and 22.

Township (South Africa)
In South Africa, the terms township and location usually refer to an under-developed, racially segregated urban area, from the late 19th century until the end of apartheid, which were reserved for non-whites, namely Black Africans, Coloureds and Indians. Townships were usually built on the periphery of towns and cities. The term township also has a distinct legal meaning in South Africa's system of land title, which carries no racial connotations.

Townships for non-whites were also called locations or lokasies in Afrikaans and are often still referred to as such in the smaller towns. The slang term "kasie / kasi", a popular short version of "lokasie" is also used. Townships sometimes have large informal settlements nearby.
Robert Doran (born 1940)
Robert Doran (born 1940) is a scholar of religion, particularly early Christianity and Hellenistic Judaism.  He held a position of professor of Religion and European Studies at Amherst College in Massachusetts and took emeritus status in 2020.  At Amherst, he had the named chair of Samuel Williston Professor of Greek and Hebrew.

His areas of research include the book 2 Maccabees, which he has published several works and commentaries on, as well as Syrian Christianity including the saint Simeon Stylites and the Edessan community.  He has also published on the lost works of Hellenistic era Jewish writers and historians such as Aristeas the Exegete, Pseudo-Eupolemus, Cleodemus Malchus, and Pseudo-Hecataeus.  He has also served as an editor at Catholic Biblical Quarterly.

Letter of Aristeas
The Letter of Aristeas to Philocrates is a Hellenistic work of the 3rd or early 2nd century BC, considered by some Biblical scholars to be pseudepigraphical. The letter is the earliest text to mention the Library of Alexandria.

Josephus, who paraphrases about two-fifths of the letter, ascribes it to Aristeas of Marmora and to have been written to a certain Philocrates. The letter describes the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible by seventy-two interpreters sent into Egypt from Jerusalem at the request of the librarian of Alexandria, resulting in the Septuagint translation. Some scholars have since argued that it is fictitious.
2024 Haryana Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in the Indian state of Haryana on 5 October 2024 to elect all 90 members of the Haryana Legislative Assembly.

The schedule of the election was announced by the Election Commission of India on 16 August 2024. The ballots were counted and the results were declared on 8 October 2024. The Bharatiya Janata Party won a majority with 48 seats and secured victory for the third consecutive time, becoming the first party in the state's history to achieve this feat. Although the popular vote total differed by less than one percentage point, the Congress managed to win only 37 seats.

The tenure of the 14th Haryana Assembly was slated to end on 3 November 2024. In the previous Assembly elections held in October 2019, BJP the emerged as the single largest party and formed a coalition government with Jannayak Janta Party. Before the elections, Nayab Singh Saini of the BJP was the incumbent Chief Minister.

Direct election
Direct election is a system of choosing political officeholders in which the voters directly cast ballots for the persons or political party that they want to see elected. The method by which the winner or winners of a direct election are chosen depends upon the electoral system used. The most commonly used systems are the plurality system and the two-round system for single-winner elections, such as a presidential election, and plurality block voting and proportional representation for the election of a legislature or executive.

By contrast, in an indirect election, the voters elect a body which in turn elects the officeholder in question. In other settings, politicians and office holders are appointed.

In a double direct election, the elected representative serves on two councils, typically a lower-tier council of a municipality and an upper-tier council of a regional district or municipality.
Outline of Togo
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Togo:

Togo – sovereign country located in West Africa bordering Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north.  The country extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, on which the capital Lomé is located. The official language is French and many other languages are spoken as well.

Gulf of Guinea
The Gulf of Guinea (French: Golfe de Guinée; Spanish: Golfo de Guinea; Portuguese: Golfo da Guiné) is the northeasternmost part of the tropical Atlantic Ocean from Cape Lopez in Gabon, north and west to Cape Palmas in Liberia. Null Island, defined as the intersection of the Equator and Prime Meridian (zero degrees latitude and longitude), is in the gulf.

Among the many rivers that drain into the Gulf of Guinea are the Niger and the Volta. The coastline on the gulf includes the Bight of Benin and the Bight of Bonny.
2016 Toyota Tundra 250
The 2016 Toyota Tundra 250 was the 4th stock car race of the 2016 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, and the 16th iteration of the event. The race was held on Friday, May 6, 2016, in Kansas City, Kansas at Kansas Speedway, a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) permanent tri-oval shaped racetrack. The race was increased from 167 laps to 170 laps, due to a NASCAR overtime finish. In a wild finish, William Byron, driving for Kyle Busch Motorsports, would take the upset win, after the leaders of Johnny Sauter and Ben Rhodes wrecked on the final lap. This was Byron's first career NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win. To fill out the podium, Matt Crafton, driving for ThorSport Racing, and Daniel Hemric, driving for Brad Keselowski Racing, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Ben Rhodes (racing driver)
Benjamin Jon Rhodes (born February 21, 1997) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 99 Ford F-150 for ThorSport Racing. He is the 2021 and 2023 Truck Series champion. Before moving up to the Truck Series, Rhodes competed full-time in what is now the ARCA Menards Series East, where he drove for Turner Scott Motorsports and won the 2014 series championship. He also has previously competed part-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and what is now the ARCA Menards Series.
Norberto Méndez (footballer)
Norberto Doroteo Méndez (January 5, 1923 – June 22, 1998), nicknamed Tucho, was an Argentine footballer who played as a  midfielder. Internationally, he played 33 games for the Argentina national team and won 3 Copa América titles. He is most famous for being the all-time top scorer in the history of the tournament with 17 goals.

In domestic football, Méndez's most notable tenures were on Huracán (where he won three National cups) and Racing, winning three Primera División championships.

1950 Argentine Primera División
The 1950 Argentine Primera División was the 59th season of top-flight football in Argentina. The season began on April 2 and ended on December 10.

Quilmes returned to Primera while Rosario Central and Tigre were relegated. Racing Club won its 11th league title.
Union of Porcelain and Related Workers of Germany
The Union of Porcelain and Related Workers of Germany (German: Verband der Porzellan- und verwandten Arbeiter und Arbeiterinnen Deutschlands) was a trade union representing workers in the ceramic industry in Germany.

The union was founded in 1892, and it affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions.  The following year, Georg Wollmann was elected as its president.  The union journal, Die Ameise, was edited by Fritz Zietsch, who led the formation of the International Federation of Pottery Workers, the union hosting its headquarters until 1920.

In 1919, the union was a founding constituent of the General German Trade Union Confederation, and by 1920, it had 55,547 members.  In 1926, it merged into the Factory Workers' Union of Germany.

General Commission of German Trade Unions
The General Commission of German Trade Unions (German: Generalkommission der Gewerkschaften Deutschlands) was an umbrella body for German trade unions during the German Empire, from the end of the Anti-Socialist Laws in 1890 up to 1919. In 1919, a successor organisation was named the Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, and then in 1949, the current Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund was formed.
René Marsiglia
René Marsiglia (17 September 1959 – 25 September 2016) was a football defender and most recently the manager of Nîmes Olympique. He was born in Aubagne, France.

Marsiglia was named head coach of OGC Nice on 15 November 2011. Before that, he was the assistant coach at the club. He was sacked on 21 May 2012, despite having  saved Nice from relegation that year.

On 26 June 2012, Marsiglia was named head coach of the UAE side Dubai Club.

On 26 December 2013, he became the new coach of Nîmes Olympique in replacement of Victor Zvunka. He died on 25 September 2016, after a long illness.

UAE Pro League
The UAE Pro League (Arabic: دوري المحترفين الإماراتي), also known as the ADNOC Pro League for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the highest level of the Emirati football league system.

The first team to win the title was Al Orouba (Sharjah), whilst Al Ain has the record with 14 league titles to their name. Fourteen clubs compete in the league that operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the First Division League.

The League was founded in 1973 as the UAE Football League. The first 1973–74 season was a "trial" championship but was declared official by the UAE FA in 2001. In February 2007, the Pro League Committee was formed, and became the organising body of the league.
David McKibbin
David Gordon Robinson McKibbin (16 June 1912 – 14 June 1991) was an Irish first-class cricketer.

Born at Comber in June 1912, McKibbin was educated at Mill School, Comber. A mainstay of the successful North Down side of the 1930s, McKibbin was selected to play one first-class match for Ireland against Scotland in 1937 at Belfast. Opening the batting, he scored 31 runs in Ireland's first-innings, before being dismissed by John Melville; in their second-innings he was dismissed by the same bowler for 15, with Ireland winning by 63 runs. He died at Comber in June 1991, two days short of his 79th birthday.

North Down Cricket Club
North Down Cricket Club is an Irish cricket club based in Comber, County Down, Northern Ireland, playing in the NCU Premier League. It was founded in 1857. Currently the Club fields four Saturday/Sunday XIs, Colts XI and under-11, under-13 and under-15 sides.
1990–1992 movement in Madagascar
The 1990–1992 movement in Madagascar (Malagasy: Fihetsiketsehana 1990-1992 teto Madagasikara) was a period of widespread popular unrest in Madagascar between March 1990 and August 1992. It began as a wave of strike action against the autocratic regime of President Didier Ratsiraka and culminated in the promulgation of a new constitution and a period of democratic transition leading to Ratsiraka handing the Presidency to opposition leader Albert Zafy in March 1993.

Didier Ratsiraka
Didier Ignace Ratsiraka (Malagasy: [raˈtsirəkə̥]; 4 November 1936 – 28 March 2021) was a Malagasy politician and naval officer who was the third president of Madagascar from 1975 to 1993 and the fifth from 1997 to 2002. At the time of his death, he was the longest-serving president of Madagascar.

He was first appointed president in 1975 by the military leadership, he was then reelected twice in 1982 and 1989.  While he lost to Albert Zafy in 1992, Ratsiraka returned to office after winning the 1997 election.  After the 2001 election, he and his opponent Marc Ravalomanana engaged in a lengthy standoff after the latter refused to participate in a runoff election; Ratsiraka eventually stepped down.