hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clinafloxacin
Clinafloxacin is an investigational fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Despite its promising antibiotic activity, the clinical development of clinafloxacin has been hampered by its risk for inducing serious side effects.

Phototoxicity
Phototoxicity, also called photoirritation, is a chemically induced skin irritation, requiring light, that does not involve the immune system. It is a type of photosensitivity.

The skin response resembles an exaggerated sunburn. The involved chemical may enter into the skin by topical administration, or it may reach the skin via systemic circulation following ingestion or parenteral administration. The chemical needs to be "photoactive," which means that when it absorbs light, the absorbed energy produces molecular changes that cause toxicity. Many synthetic compounds, including drug substances like tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones, are known to cause these effects. Surface contact with some such chemicals causes photodermatitis, and many plants cause phytophotodermatitis. Light-induced toxicity is a common phenomenon in humans; however, it also occurs in other animals.
Paschendale, Victoria
Paschendale is a locality in south west Victoria, Australia. The locality is in the Shire of Glenelg, 352 kilometres (219 mi) west of the state capital, Melbourne.

At the 2016 census, Paschendale had a population of 30.

Shire of Glenelg
The Shire of Glenelg is a local government area in the Barwon South West region of Victoria, Australia, located in the south-western part of the state. It covers an area of 6,219 square kilometres (2,401 sq mi) and in June 2018 had a population of 19,665. It includes the towns of Casterton, Heywood, Merino and Portland.

The Shire is governed and administered by the Glenelg Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Portland, it also has service centres located in Casterton and Heywood. The Shire is named after the Glenelg River, a major geographical feature that meanders through the Shire.

Service industries, timber production, grazing and manufacturing are the Shire's main economic activities.
Androgen suppression
Androgen suppression, also known as testosterone suppression, is a medical treatment to suppress or block the production or action of male sex hormones, typically used against certain cancers that rely on male growth hormones. This a done by castration (sometimes chemical castration) or by prescribing female sex hormones and drugs called antiandrogens. It is employed in androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer, feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women, PCOS, acne and hirsutism in women, and against other androgen-dependent conditions.

Sex hormone
Sex hormones, also known as sex steroids,  gonadocorticoids and gonadal steroids, are steroid hormones that interact with vertebrate steroid hormone receptors. The sex hormones include the androgens, estrogens, and progestogens. Their effects are mediated by slow genomic mechanisms through nuclear receptors as well as by fast nongenomic mechanisms through membrane-associated receptors and signaling cascades. Certain polypeptide hormones including the luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone – each associated with the gonadotropin axis – are usually not regarded as sex hormones, although they play major sex-related roles.
Kozia Wola, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Kozia Wola [ˈkɔʑa ˈvɔla] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stąporków, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-west of Stąporków, 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Końskie, and 33 km (21 mi) north of the regional capital Kielce.

Stąporków
Stąporków [stɔmˈpɔrkuf] is a town in Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of Gmina Stąporków. It is situated on the Czarna River, in the historic region of Lesser Poland.
Nymphotomy
Nymphotomy is the surgical procedure of incision into the labia minora. Surgical removal of the labia minora is called nymphectomy. In plastic surgery, the term labiaplasty, which describes plastic surgery of the labia (often in the form of labia minora reduction) is now more commonly used.

The term nymphectomy is also used to describe removal of parts of the labia as part of female genital cutting.

Surgical incision
A surgical incision is a cut made through the skin and soft tissue to facilitate an operation or procedure. Often, multiple incisions are possible for an operation. In general, a surgical incision is made as small and unobtrusive as possible to facilitate safe and timely operating conditions and recovery.
The Lovers Are Losing
"The Lovers Are Losing" is a song performed and composed by English rock band Keane, released on 20 October 2008 as the second single from their third album, Perfect Symmetry. It was played for first the time on Hit40uk on 24 August 2008.

Hit40UK
Hit40UK was a networked Top 40 chart show broadcasting on around 130 UK commercial radio stations every Sunday from 4pm to 7pm. It was also a TV programme shown on 4Music. The radio version was produced in house by Global Radio (formerly GCap Media) and Somethin' Else.

The show was cancelled on 7 June 2009 and the last number 1 single was Boom Boom Pow by The Black Eyed Peas, played at 6:52pm. It was replaced by The Official Big Top 40. The chart continued to be compiled, and a TV version was shown on 4Music, The Box, and Smash Hits, which was renamed UKHot40.
Elena Bertocchi
Elena Bertocchi (born 19 September 1994) is an Italian diver. She competed at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships. She qualified for the 2020 Summer Olympics.

She competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics where she came 4th in the 3 metre springboard event alongside Chiara Pellacani.

Diving at the 2024 Summer Olympics
The diving competitions at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris were held from 27 July to 10 August 2024 at the Paris Aquatics Centre. A total of 136 divers, with an equal distribution between men and women, competed across eight medal events (four per gender in both individual and synchronized) at these Games, the same amount as Tokyo 2020.

For the first time, Chinese divers swept all of the available events, winning a record eight gold medals. Great Britain won no golds for the first time since 2016, but won a national record of five medals, being the only team other than China to win more than two, and finished in second place in the table for the third successive Games. Outside of China and Great Britain, six nations shared the remaining eight medals.
Komorní Hrádek
Komorní Hrádek is a village located within the municipality of Chocerady in the Benešov District of the Czech Republic. It is on the left bank of the river Sázava. The village is home to a medieval castle that was rebuilt into a Baroque chateau. The first written mention of the village dates back to 1401.

Château
A château (plural châteaux, both pronounced [ʃɑto]) is a manor house, or palace, or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions.

Nowadays, a château may be any stately residence built in a French style; the term is additionally often used for a winegrower's estate, especially in the Bordeaux region of France.
Kumar Bhaskar Varma Setu
Kumar Bhaskar Varma Setu is a six-lane road bridge over the Brahmaputra River in Assam, India. It connects Guwahati with North Guwahati, significantly enhancing transportation and regional connectivity in the Northeast India. The bridge is named after the 7th-century Kamarupa king Kumar Bhaskar Varma.

It is the seventh completed bridge over Brahmaputra in Assam and the third in Guwahati, after both Saraighat bridges.

Bhaskaravarman
Bhaskaravarman (600–650 CE) was king of Kamarupa and the last ruler of the Varman dynasty. He restored Varman rule after his father, Susthitavarman, was defeated, and allied with Harshavardhana of Thaneswar during a conflict against Gauda and East Malwa.
Sam Eljamel
Muftah Sam Eljamel is a Libyan surgeon who was head of Neurosurgery at Ninewells Hospital in Dundee, Scotland and Professor of Neuroscience at Dundee University from 1995 until 2013. He was suspended in 2013 following accusations of medical malpractice. A public inquiry into his conduct ordered by the Scottish government commenced in November 2025.

Medical malpractice
Medical malpractice is a legal cause of action that occurs when a medical or health care professional, through a negligent act or omission, deviates from standards in their profession, thereby causing injury or death to a patient. The negligence might arise from errors in diagnosis, treatment, aftercare or health management.

An act of medical malpractice usually has three characteristics. Firstly, it must be proven that the treatment has not been consistent with the standard of care, which is the standard medical treatment accepted and recognized by the profession. Secondly, it must be proven that the patient has suffered some kind of injury due to the negligence. In other words, an injury without negligence or an act of negligence without causing any injury cannot be considered malpractice. Thirdly, it must be proven that the injury resulted in significant damages such as disability, unusual pain, suffering, hardship, loss of income or a significant burden of medical bills.
London Press Exchange
The London Press Exchange was founded in 1892 by Frederick Higginbottom and Reginald J.Sykes, becoming a significant Government advertising agency during World War II. It merged with the Leo Burnett agency in 1969.

The agency also produced promotional work for the 1921 film Elsie and the Brown Bunny, and advertising posters for the 1951 Festival of Britain.

On 5 November 1946, the Market Research Society was created in the London Press Exchange offices.

Leo Burnett Worldwide
Leo Burnett Worldwide, Inc., also known as Leo Burnett Company, Inc., is an American advertising company, founded on August 5, 1935, in Chicago by Leo Burnett.

In September 2002, the company was acquired by Publicis Groupe, the world's third largest advertising agency holding group and one of the largest agency networks.
Grey junglefowl
The grey junglefowl (Gallus sonneratii), also known as Sonnerat's junglefowl, is one of the wild ancestors of the domestic chicken together with the red junglefowl and other junglefowls.

The species epithet commemorates the French explorer Pierre Sonnerat. Local names include Komri in Rajasthan, Geera kur or Parda komri in Gondi, Jangli Murghi in Hindi, Raan kombdi in Marathi, Kattu Kozhi in Tamil and Malayalam, Kaadu koli in Kannada and Tella adavi kodi in Telugu.

Gondi language
Gondi (Gōṇḍī, IPA: [ɡoːɳɖiː]), natively known as Koitur (Kōī, Kōītōr, IPA: [koː.iː, koː.iː.t̪oːr]), is a South-Central Dravidian language, spoken by about three million Gondi people, chiefly in the Indian states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and by small minorities in neighbouring states. Although it is the language of the Gond people, it is highly endangered, with only one fifth of Gonds speaking the language. Gondi has a rich folk literature, examples of which are wedding songs and narrations. Gondi people are ethnically related to the Telugus. Gondi is the largest minor Dravidian language by number of speakers.
Ascheim
Ascheim or Aschheim is a German surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Deborah Aschheim (born 1964), American new media artist

Elizabeth Fleischman-Aschheim (1867–1905), American radiographer, an X-ray pioneer

Eve Aschheim (born 1958), American draftsperson and painter

Isidor Ascheim (1891–1968) German-born Israeli painter and printmaker

Selmar Aschheim (1878–1965), Jewish-German gynecologist

Tom Ascheim, American television executive

Deborah Aschheim
Deborah Aschheim (born 1964) is an American new media artist. She has exhibited her work internationally, in the United States and in Europe. She is best known for her exhibition Involuntary Memories. Her work includes video sculptures and focuses on memory, memory loss, and place. She describes her work as an attempt to understand memory from both a personal and emotional perspective. Her work was included in an exhibition at the Suyama Space in Seattle in 2013.

Aschheim was a 2007 Artist-in-Residence at the McColl Center for Art + Innovation in Charlotte, NC.
Terry Moore (Australian footballer)
Terry Moore (born 6 August 1951) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne and Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Moore, originally from Nuriootpa, started his career in 1968 at South Australian National Football League (SANFL) club Central District and represented South Australia at the 1972 Perth Carnival.  After standing out of the game in 1975 while he awaited a clearance, Moore joined North Melbourne in 1976 and was centre half forward in their Grand Final losing team that year. He played one further season at North Melbourne before crossing to Hawthorn.

1976 VFL grand final
The 1976 VFL grand final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Hawthorn Football Club and North Melbourne Football Club at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 25 September 1976. It was the 79th annual grand final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1976 VFL season. The match, attended by 110,143 spectators, was won by Hawthorn by a margin of 30 points, marking that club's third premiership victory.
Génin
Génin is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jacques Génin, French chef, cookery book writer, and chocolatier

Lucien Génin (1894–1953), French painter

Paul Agricole Génin (1832–1903), French flautist and composer

René Génin (1890–1967), French stage and film actor

Paul Génin
Paul-Agricole Génin (14 February 1832, in Avignon – 22 December 1903, in Paris) was a French flautist and composer for flute. He was a student of Louis Dorus and became first flute at the Théâtre-Italien (Comédie-Italienne) Paris.

He is sometime confused with Pierre Génin, another flautist who emigrated to England.
Zheng Weishan
Zheng Weishan (Chinese: 郑维山; August 5, 1915 – May 9, 2000) was a People's Liberation Army lieutenant general and People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Macheng, Hubei Province (his birthplace is now part of Xin County, Henan Province). He was Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of Inner Mongolia.

Zheng was a general in the North China Field Army.

Zheng was deputy commander of the Beijing Military region. On May 27, 1967, he was dispatched to Inner Mongolia at the head of the Sixty-Ninth army. He moved to the city of Hohhot and took control of railroad, radio stations, newspapers, and public security. On December 19, 1969, the local Inner Mongolian Teng leadership was deposed, and military rule was declared. Zheng took power as the head of that military regime, placing Inner Mongolia directly under the control of the Beijing Military Region.

In January 1971 Zheng was purged by Mao in order to weaken his factional allies  Lin Biao and Chen Boda.

Xin County
Xin County or Xinxian (Chinese: 新县; pinyin: Xīn Xiàn) is a county in the southeast of Henan province, China, bordering Hubei province to the south. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Xinyang.
Regional Meteorological Centre, Chennai
13°4′7.3″N 80°14′48.33″E﻿ / ﻿13.068694°N 80.2467583°E﻿ / 13.068694; 80.2467583

Regional Meteorological Centre, Chennai is one of the six regional meteorological centres (RMCs) of the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and is responsible for the weather-related activities of the southern Indian peninsula comprising the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and the union territories of Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep Islands and Puducherry. The other regional centres are located at Kolkata, Guwahati, Mumbai, Nagpur and New Delhi.

Established in the later part of the 18th century, the Chennai meteorological centre is considered one of the first modern astronomical-cum-meteorological observatory in the East beyond Europe, way before the establishment of the Indian Meteorological Department in 1875. it was Established by William Petrie at Madras.

Pulhal
Pulhal or Pullhal is a Northwestern residential town in Thiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Pullhal is located on the banks of Pullhal Lake. The town is known for Pullhal Central Prison.

The area is one of the 163 notified areas (megalithic sites) in the state of Tamil Nadu.
Zoran Krasić
Zoran Krasić (Serbian Cyrillic: Зоран Красић; 11 March 1956–12 April 2018) was a Serbian politician. He served several terms in the parliaments of Yugoslavia and Serbia and was Serbia's trade minister from 1998 to 2000. Krasić was a member of the far-right Serbian Radical Party (SRS).

Ministry of Internal and Foreign Trade (Serbia)
The Ministry of Internal and Foreign Trade (Serbian: Министарство унутрашње и спољне трговине, romanized: Ministarstvo unutrašnje i spoljne trgovine) is a ministry in the Government of Serbia which is in the charge of internal and foreign trade. The current minister is Jagoda Lazarević, in office since 16 April 2025.
Hallgrímsson
Hallgrímsson is a surname of Icelandic origin, meaning son of Hallgrímur. In Icelandic names, the name is not strictly a surname, but a patronymic. The name refers to:

Asgeir Örn Hallgrimsson (b. 1984), Icelandic professional handball player

Benedikt Hallgrimsson (b. 1967), Icelandic-Canadian biological anthropologist and evolutionary biologist

Geir Hallgrímsson (1925–1990), Icelandic politician; Prime Minister of Iceland 1974–78; mayor of Reykjavík 1959–72

Hafliði Hallgrímsson (b. 1941), Icelandic composer

Jónas Hallgrímsson (1807–1845), Icelandic poet and author

Hallgrim Eagle Hallgrimsson, fictional police officer from the Danish TV Series The Eagle: A Crime Odyssey

Heimir Hallgrímsson, an Icelandic football manager and former player

Matthías Hallgrímsson (born 1946), Icelandic footballer

Viktor Gísli Hallgrímsson (born 2000), Icelandic handball player

Hafliði Hallgrímsson
Hafliði Hallgrímsson (born 1941) is an Icelandic composer. He was born in Akureyri, and lived for a time in Bath, England. Hafliði was the principal cellist of the Scottish Chamber Orchestra, but left that position in 1983 to pursue a full-time career as a composer. In 2008, he became composer-in-residence of the Iceland Symphony Orchestra (through 2010).

He studied violoncello in Italy with Enrico Mainardi and composition in England with Peter Maxwell Davies and Alan Bush.

In 1970, Hafliði played the (uncredited) cello solo on “Atom Heart Mother” by Pink Floyd. His concerto for violin and string orchestra, Poemi, won the 1986 Nordic Council Music Prize.
Olivia Frank
Olivia Jayne Frank (Hebrew: אוליביה ג'יין פרנק; 17 March 1956 – 11 September 2023) was a transgender woman who served as an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) officer and became an intelligence agent for the Mossad, MI5 and MI6. In her memoirs, she wrote about being recruited by David Kimche, infiltrating the Abu Nidal Organization, and thwarting a bombing conspiracy in Munich before being returned to England by the Mossad. She also recounted assisting MI5/MI6 in an operation against Asil Nadir.

Mossad
The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations (Hebrew: המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים, romanized: ha-Mosád le-Modiʿín u-le-Tafkidím Meyuḥadím), popularly known as Mossad (UK: /ˈmɒsæd/ MOSS-ad, US: /moʊˈsɑːd/ moh-SAHD), is the national intelligence agency of the State of Israel. It is one of the main entities in the Israeli Intelligence Community, along with Aman (military intelligence) and Shin Bet (internal security).

Mossad is responsible for intelligence collection, covert operations, and counter-terrorism. Its director answers directly and only to the prime minister. Its annual budget is estimated to be around ₪10 billion (US$2.73 billion), and it is estimated that it employs around 7,000 people, making it one of the world's largest espionage agencies. The organization has orchestrated many assassination plots across a variety of locations.
Metabelian group
In mathematics, a metabelian group is a group whose commutator subgroup is abelian.  Equivalently, a group G is metabelian if and only if there is an abelian normal subgroup A such that the quotient group G/A is abelian.

Subgroups of metabelian groups are metabelian, as are images of metabelian groups over group homomorphisms.

Metabelian groups are solvable. In fact, they are precisely the solvable groups of derived length at most 2.

Group homomorphism
In mathematics, given two groups, (G,∗) and (H, ·), a group homomorphism from (G,∗) to (H, ·) is a function h : G → H such that for all u and v in G it holds that

where the group operation on the left side of the equation is that of G and on the right side that of H.

From this property, one can deduce that h maps the identity element eG of G to the identity element eH of H,

and it also maps inverses to inverses in the sense that

Hence one can say that h "is compatible with the group structure".

In areas of mathematics where one considers groups endowed with additional structure, a homomorphism sometimes means a map that respects not only the group structure (as above) but also the extra structure. For example, a homomorphism of topological groups is often required to be continuous.
2009 Pacific Curling Championships
The 2009 Pacific Curling Championships were held Nov. 12–17 at the SCAP Karuizawa Arena in Karuizawa, Japan. The top two teams from the women's and the men's tournaments will qualify for the 2010 World Curling Championships.

Karuizawa, Nagano
Karuizawa (軽井沢町, Karuizawa-machi) is a resort town located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2025, the town had an estimated population of 21,834 in 11,285 households, and a population density of 139 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 156.03 km2 (60.24 sq mi).

Originally, there was a stage station (shukuba) called Karuisawa-shuku on the Nakasendō. The Shin'etsu Line opened in 1888 and the town became popular as a Western-style hill station around that time.
2007 Zaragoza municipal election
A municipal election was held in Zaragoza on Sunday, 27 May 2007, to elect the 8th City Council of the municipality. All 31 seats in the City Council were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in thirteen autonomous communities and local elections all across Spain.

Local election
In many parts of the world, local elections take place to select office-holders in local government, such as mayors and councillors. Elections to positions within a city or town are often known as municipal elections. Their form and conduct vary widely across jurisdictions.
St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church (Frederick, Maryland)
St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Frederick, Maryland, part of  the Archdiocese of Baltimore. Founded in 1763, after the repeal of the British penal laws, as the first Catholic church in Frederick County, the parish occupied two former buildings before the completion of the present Greek Revival church in 1837. At the time of its opening, the church was the largest parish church in the United States and was the first Catholic church to be consecrated in the Diocese of Baltimore. Today, the church remains the tallest building in the city of Frederick.

Frederick County, Maryland
Frederick County is located in Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 271,717. The county seat is Frederick. The county is part of the Capital region of the state.

Like other outlying sections of the Washington metropolitan area, Frederick County has experienced a rapid population increase since the 1980s. It borders the southern border of Pennsylvania and the northeastern border of Virginia.

Catoctin Mountain Park in the county is the location of Camp David, a U.S. presidential retreat, and Fort Detrick, a U.S. Army base.