hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acoustic circulator
In acoustical engineering, an acoustic circulator is a  non-reciprocal three-port device that couples airborne sound waves only to an adjacent port in the direction of circulation.

Compared to radio frequency (RF) and microwave circulators, acoustic circulators are for airborne sound waves rather than for RF and microwave electromagnetic signals.

In 2014, Fleury et al. reported and experimentally demonstrated an acoustic Y-circulator by exploiting the acoustic analogue of the Zeeman effect: the structure is composed of a ring cavity with a circulating fluid that facilitates the nonreciprocal transmission of sound waves between acoustic waveguides. Similar circulator designs based on temporal modulation of the effective acoustic index and natural convection were later reported.

Circulator
In electrical engineering, a circulator is a passive, non-reciprocal three- or four-port device that only allows a microwave or radio-frequency (RF) signal to exit through the port directly after the one it entered. Optical circulators have similar behavior. Ports are where an external waveguide or transmission line, such as a microstrip line or a coaxial cable, connects to the device. For a three-port circulator, a signal applied to port 1 only comes out of port 2; a signal applied to port 2 only comes out of port 3; a signal applied to port 3 only comes out of port 1. An ideal three-port circulator thus has the following scattering matrix:
White Nights (radio)
White Nights is a British radio documentary series, broadcast on BBC Radio 4 between 31 July and 4 August 2006.

The show is described as a "series of reflections on what happens on a summer night between wakefulness and sleep."

On each show, a famous person describes what happens to them during a summer night. Also, the show includes poetry, music and discussions on religious and other matters. People appearing include:

Tamsin Greig, actress, star of Green Wing.

Bobby Friction, disc jockey and critic.

Lavinia Greenlaw, poet.

Simon Elmes, radio producer.

David Blunkett, former Labour home secretary.

Lavinia Greenlaw
Lavinia Elaine Greenlaw (born 30 July 1962) is an English poet, novelist, and non-fiction writer. She won the Prix du Premier Roman with her first novel and her poetry has been shortlisted for awards that include the T. S. Eliot Prize, Forward Prize, and Whitbread Poetry Prize. She was shortlisted for the 2014 Costa Poetry Award for A Double Sorrow: A Version of Troilus and Criseyde. Greenlaw currently holds the post of Professor of Creative Writing (Poetry) at Royal Holloway, University of London.
2008 Washington Insurance Commissioner election
The 2008 Washington Insurance Commissioner election was held on November 4, 2008, to elect the insurance commissioner of Washington, concurrently with the 2008 U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to the U.S. Senate and various state and local elections, including for U.S. House and governor of Washington. Incumbent Democratic Insurance Commissioner Mike Kreidler was re-elected to a third term in a landslide.

Washington State Office of the Insurance Commissioner
The Washington State Office of the Insurance Commissioner was created in 1889–90, and became a separate agency in 1907 with an elected commissioner. The current commissioner is Patty Kuderer, a Democrat first elected in 2024 and assumed office in 2025.

In 2014, a bill was introduced to replace the elected commissioner with a 10-person board which would hire the commissioner. It was passed in both houses but vetoed by Governor Jay Inslee.

In 2015, the office denied applications by a number of association health plans, resulting in a legal dispute with those affected.
Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island
The Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island (also called the Prince Edward Island Supreme Court, or PESC) is the superior court of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island.

The Court is composed of five judges, led by its Chief Justice, currently Tracey L. Clements. The Supreme Court derives its jurisdiction from Prince Edward Island's Judicature Act, enacted in its current form in 2008.

Superior court
In common law systems, a superior court is a court of general jurisdiction over civil and criminal legal cases. A superior court is "superior" in relation to a court with limited jurisdiction (see small claims court), which is restricted to civil cases involving monetary amounts with a specific limit, or criminal cases involving offenses of a less serious nature. A superior court may hear appeals from lower courts (see court of appeal). For courts of general jurisdiction in civil law system, see ordinary court.
Complications of hypertension
Complications of hypertension are clinical outcomes that result from persistent elevation of blood pressure. Hypertension is a risk factor for all clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis since it is a risk factor for atherosclerosis itself. It is an independent predisposing factor for heart failure, coronary artery disease, stroke, kidney disease, and peripheral arterial disease. It is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, in industrialized countries.

Infarction
Infarction is tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area. It may be caused by artery blockages, rupture, mechanical compression, or vasoconstriction. The resulting lesion is referred to as an infarct (from the Latin infarctus, "stuffed into").
Jennifer Granick
Jennifer Stisa Granick (born 1969) is an American attorney and educator. Senator Ron Wyden has called Granick an "NBA all-star of surveillance law." She is well known for her work with intellectual property law, free speech, privacy law, and other things relating to computer security, and has represented several high-profile hackers.

Ron Wyden
Ronald Lee  Wyden (/ˈwaɪdən/ WY-dən; born May 3, 1949) is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from Oregon, a seat he has held since 1996. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the United States House of Representatives from 1981 until 1996. Upon the death of Representative Don Young in 2022, Wyden became the dean of the West Coast's Congressional delegation. He is the dean of Oregon's congressional delegation and serves as the ranking member of the Senate Finance Committee. Known for his libertarian-leaning stances within the Democratic Party, Wyden has been a prominent advocate for privacy rights, internet freedom, and limiting government surveillance, positioning him as a defender of civil liberties.
Music for Millions
Music for Millions is a 1944 musical comedy film directed by Henry Koster and starring Margaret O'Brien, José Iturbi, Jimmy Durante, June Allyson, Marsha Hunt, Hugh Herbert, Harry Davenport, and Marie Wilson. It was nominated for an Oscar for Best Original Screenplay in 1946.

Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material; writers with "written by", "screenplay" or "story" credits are all collectively recognized as recipients for each nomination.

The category was created in 1940, and has always existed concurrently with the Best Adapted Screenplay category (conversely for films based on pre-existing intellectual properties); originally, it also co-existed with a third writing category, Best Story, which had been active since the original Academy Awards ceremony in 1929; this latter award was meant to reward specifically writers who originated a film's plot and characters rather than those who wrote the dialogue and final screenplay, although Best Story would later be merged into Best Original Screenplay in 1956.
Mounds View Public Schools
Mounds View Public School District 621 is a school district serving the cities of Arden Hills, Mounds View, New Brighton, North Oaks, Roseville, Shoreview, Vadnais Heights and parts of Spring Lake Park and White Bear Township in Minnesota. The district operates 14 schools, five education programs, and Laurentian Environmental Center.

Roseville, Minnesota
Roseville is a city in Ramsey County, Minnesota, United States. It is one of two Twin Cities suburbs that border both Saint Paul and Minneapolis (Lauderdale is the other). The population was 36,254 at the 2020 census.
Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
Shaykh al-Islām Shihāb al-Dīn Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Ḥajar al-Haytamī al-Makkī al-Anṣārī known as Ibn Ḥajar al-Haytamī al-Makkī (Arabic: ابن حجر الهيتمي المكي) was a renowned Sunni Egyptian scholar. He was the leading jurist of the Shafi'i school of thought, a mujtahid, muhaddith, historian and theologian. He came from the Banu Sa'd tribe who settled in the Al-Sharqiah province in Egypt. Ibn Hajar was specialized in Islamic Jurisprudence and well known as a prolific writer of the Shâfi'î school.  With Shihab al-Din al-Ramli, he represents the foremost resource for fatwa (legal opinion) for the entire late Shâfi‘î school.

Banu Sa'd
The Banu Sa'd (Arabic: بنو سعد / ALA-LC: Banū Saʿd) was one of the leading royal tribes of Arabia during the Islamic prophet Muhammad's era. They were a subgroup of the larger Hawazin tribal confederation. They had close family relations with Muhammad. They were great warriors and fought many battles with Muhammad against enemies of Islam.  Halima Sadia, Muhammad's wet nurse, belonged to this tribe.
Dialogues (Carter)
Dialogues is a composition for solo piano and chamber orchestra by the American composer Elliott Carter.  The work was commissioned by the BBC for the pianist Nicolas Hodges and completed in 2003.  It was first performed on January 23, 2004 at the Queen Elizabeth Hall in Southbank Centre, London, by Nicolas Hodges and the London Sinfonietta under the conductor Oliver Knussen.  The piece was a finalist for the 2005 Pulitzer Prize for Music.  In 2012, Carter composed a followup to the piece Dialogues II for the conductor Daniel Barenboim's 70th birthday.

Queen Elizabeth Hall
The Queen Elizabeth Hall (QEH) is a music venue on the South Bank in London, England, that hosts classical, jazz, and avant-garde music, talks and dance performances. It was opened in 1967, with a concert conducted by Benjamin Britten.

The QEH was built along with the smaller Purcell Room as part of Southbank Centre arts complex. It stands alongside the Royal Festival Hall, which was built for the Festival of Britain of 1951, and the Hayward Gallery which opened in 1968.
Serge Reid
Serge Reid (born c. 1963) is a Canadian curler from Jonquière, Quebec.

Reid is the defending provincial champion skip for Quebec. He and his team of  François Gionest, Simon Collin and Steeve Villeneuve won their first provincial championship in 2010. This qualified them for the 2010 Tim Hortons Brier, where they were an unknown team to many of the other competitors. However, they won five of their eleven games, a respectable finish. As of 2014, Reid has played in 16 provincial championships.

Reid has won four World Curling Tour events to date. In 2004 he won both the Charlevoix Casino Classic and the Coupe Saguenay de Curling. He won the Coupe Saguenay again in 2005. In 2010 he won the Challenge Casino Lac Leamy.

After the 2010-11 curling season ended, Reid's team announced in a tweet that Pierre Charette would be joining their rink as skip and would throw lead stones, replacing Villeneuve. After one season with Charette as skip, the team broke up.

Quebec Tankard
The Quebec Tankard (French: Tankard Québec), formerly the Quebec Men's Provincial Curling Championship is the Quebec provincial championship for men's curling. The tournament is run by Curling Québec, the provincial curling association. The winner represents Team Quebec at the Montana's Brier. The provincial champion receives the McIntyre Trophy.

A separate team represented Montreal until 1931.
Adratiklit
Adratiklit (meaning "mountain lizard") is an extinct genus of stegosaurian dinosaur that lived on the supercontinent Gondwana during the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian age). The genus contains a single species, Adratiklit boulahfa. Its remains were found in the El Mers III Formation, near Boulemane in north Morocco.

Eurypodan dinosaurs, in particular stegosaurs, were diverse and abundant in Laurasia (nowadays the northern continents) during the Jurassic, but their remains are extremely rare in deposits of Gondwana, (nowadays the southern continents). Nevertheless, the existence of fragmentary remains and trackways in the deposits of Gondwana indicate the presence of eurypodan taxa there. Adratiklit is the first described eurypodan taxon from North Africa, as well as—along with Thyreosaurus—one of the oldest known stegosaurs (being similar in age to Bashanosaurus, Isaberrysaura, and the informally-named "Ferganastegos").

Thyreophora
Thyreophora ("shield bearers"), often known simply as armored dinosaurs is a group of armored ornithischian dinosaurs that lived from the Early Jurassic until the end of the Cretaceous.

Thyreophorans are characterized by the presence of body armor lined up in longitudinal rows along the body. Primitive forms had simple, low, keeled scutes or osteoderms, whereas more derived forms developed more elaborate structures including spikes and plates. Most thyreophorans were herbivorous and had relatively small brains for their body size.

Thyreophora includes two major subgroups, Ankylosauria and Stegosauria. In both clades, the forelimbs were much shorter than the hindlimbs, particularly in stegosaurs. Thyreophora has been defined as the group consisting of all species more closely related to Ankylosaurus and Stegosaurus than to Iguanodon and Triceratops. It is the sister group of Cerapoda within Genasauria.
Bonela Vijaya Chandra
Bonela Vijaya Chandra is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He is a member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly representing the Telugu Desam Party from Parvathipuram Assembly constituency. He was elected in the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly elections.

Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Telugu: ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ శాసన సభ, ISO: Āndhra Pradēś Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state, Andhra Pradesh.

The Legislative Assembly consists of 175 members who are elected by adult universal suffrage under the first-past-the-post system. The duration of the Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting unless it is decided to dissolve the Assembly sooner. The Legislative Assembly's main functions include legislation, overseeing of administration, passing the budget, and airing public grievances.

The Legislative Assembly holds three sessions annually, one for Budget and the other for Monsoon and Winter sessions.

The Legislative Assembly took up residence in the interim Legislative Assembly Building in Amaravati beginning from the 2017 Budget session. The new building has systems for automatic speech translation and automatic vote recording.
Baltimore Technologies
Baltimore Technologies was a leading Irish internet security firm, with its headquarters in Dublin, Ireland. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was briefly part of the FTSE 100 Index during 2000 when Fran Rooney was the CEO.

Internet security
Internet security is a branch of computer security focused on the Internet. It includes browser security, web application security, and network security as it applies to other applications or operating systems as a whole. Its objective is to establish rules and measures to improve Internet safety and Internet privacy, including to protect against cyberattacks and cybercrime. The Internet is an inherently insecure channel for information exchange, with risk of intrusion and Internet fraud, including phishing, viruses, trojans, ransomware and worms.

Many countermeasures are used to combat Internet security threats and web threats, including encryption and ground-up engineering.
Dehesa, California
Dehesa is a populated place in San Diego County, California. Dehesa is located along the Sweetwater River and Dehesa Valley between Harbison Canyon, Crest, Alpine, and Granite Hills.

Dehesa is a mainly agricultural community. It is served by the Dehesa School District, which consists of one school serving grades kindergarten through 8. It is located in the 53rd Congressional District of California.

The reservation of the Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation runs along the border of Dehesa. Dehesa is also the home of the Sycuan Casino.

Alpine, California
Alpine is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Cuyamaca Mountains of San Diego County, California, United States.  Alpine had a population of 14,696 at the 2020 census, up from 14,236 at the 2010 census. The town is largely surrounded by Cleveland National Forest and borders two reservations of the Kumeyaay, Viejas and Sycuan tribes, and the rural unincorporated areas around the city of El Cajon.
Walnut Hill Historic District (Knightdale, North Carolina)
The Walnut Hill Historic District is a collection of 40 family dwellings, agricultural outbuildings, and other structures and sites associated with the Walnut Hill Plantation and the Mial-Williamson and Joseph Blake farms near Shotwell, North Carolina.  The historic district represents the post-Civil War growth of one of the largest agricultural centers in Wake County.  It is situated primarily along the northeast end of Mial Plantation Road (State Road 2509) between its intersections with Major Slade and Smithfield Roads.

The Walnut Hill Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in October 2000.  The nearby Walnut Hill Cotton Gin and Oaky Grove Plantation have been listed in the National Register separately, in 1986 and 1993, respectively.

Wake County, North Carolina
Wake County, officially the County of Wake, is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,129,410, making it North Carolina's most populous county. From July 2005 to July 2006, Wake County was the 9th-fastest growing county in the United States, with Cary and Raleigh being the 8th- and 15th-fastest growing communities, respectively.

Its county seat is Raleigh, which is also the state capital. Eleven other municipalities are in Wake County, the largest of which is the town of Cary, the third-most populous city of the Research Triangle region and the seventh-most populous municipality in North Carolina.

It is governed by the Wake County Board of Commissioners, coterminous with the Wake County Public School System, with law enforcement provided by the Wake County Sheriff's Department. It is also part of the wider Triangle J Council of Governments, which governs regional planning.
Connecticut River Walk Park
The Connecticut River Walk is partially constructed park and bikeway in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States, along the banks of New England's largest river, the Connecticut River. Currently, Springfield's section of this park is 3.7 miles (6 km) long, running from Chicopee, Massachusetts to the South End Bridge in Springfield, Massachusetts. Unusual features of the trail include its path alongside an active train line, making it a "rail-with-trail," and its passing in very close proximity to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Most Springfield residents are separated from the river by Interstate 91, a 1960s-era elevated highway.

Cycling infrastructure
Cycling infrastructure is all infrastructure cyclists are allowed to use. Bikeways include bike paths, bike lanes, cycle tracks, rail trails and, where permitted, sidewalks. Roads used by motorists are also cycling infrastructure, except where cyclists are barred such as many freeways/motorways. It includes amenities such as bike racks for parking, shelters, service centers and specialized traffic signs and signals. The more cycling infrastructure there is, the more people travel by bicycle.

Good road design, road maintenance and traffic management can make cycling safer and more useful. Settlements with a dense network of interconnected streets tend to be places for getting around by bike. Their cycling networks can give people direct, fast, easy and convenient routes.
1946 Australian Championships
The 1946 Australian Championships was a tennis tournament that took place on outdoor grass courts at the Memorial Drive, Adelaide, Australia from 19 January to 29 January. It was the 34th edition of the Australian Championships (now known as the Australian Open), the 8th held in Adelaide, and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year. It was also the first edition of the championship after a five-year hiatus due to World War II. The singles titles were won by Australians John Bromwich and Nancye Wynne Bolton.

Memorial Drive Park
Memorial Drive Park, more generally referred to as "Memorial Drive", is a tennis venue, located adjacent to the Adelaide Oval, in the park lands surrounding the centre of Adelaide, South Australia. Memorial Drive took its name from the winding avenue, known as War Memorial Drive, which separates the venue from the River Torrens.

The venue in its current iteration, as used for concerts and other events, is known as "The Drive".
Windows domain
A Windows domain is a form of a computer network in which all user accounts, computers, printers and other security principals, are registered with a central database located on one or more clusters of central computers known as domain controllers. Authentication takes place on domain controllers. Each person who uses computers within a domain receives a unique user account that can then be assigned access to resources within the domain. Starting with Windows Server 2000, Active Directory is the Windows component in charge of maintaining that central database. The concept of Windows domain is in contrast with that of a workgroup in which each computer maintains its own database of security principals.

User (computing)
A user is a person who uses a computer or network service. A user typically has a user account and is recognized by the system through a username. Some software products provide services to other systems and have no direct end users.
Luogosanto
Luogosanto (Gallurese: Locusantu, Sardinian: Logusantu) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 200 kilometres (120 mi) north of Cagliari and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Olbia.

Luogosanto borders the following municipalities: Aglientu, Arzachena, Luras, Tempio Pausania.

Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia
The province of Gallura North-East Sardinia (Italian: provincia della Gallura Nord-Est Sardegna; Sardinian: provìntzia de Gaddura Nord-Est Sardigna; Gallurese: pruvincia di Gaddura Nordestu Saldigna) is a province in the autonomous island region of Sardinia in Italy. It has two capitals; Olbia and Tempio Pausania. The province was carved out from the former province of Sassari on April 16, 2021 and became functional on April 1, 2025. It has 159,222 inhabitants across its 26 municipalities.
Eurybia saxicastelli
Eurybia saxicastelli, commonly known as the Rockcastle aster, is an herbaceous perennial native to the south eastern United States. It is present only in the states of Kentucky and Tennessee along the Rockcastle River and the nearby Big South Fork River. As a result of its extremely restricted range as well as human alterations to its habitat, it is considered critically imperiled by NatureServe. The flowers appear in the late summer through fall and have ray florets that are pale blue to pale white and yellow disc florets that turn purplish with age.

NatureServe
NatureServe, Inc. is a non-profit organization based in Arlington County, Virginia, US, that provides proprietary wildlife conservation-related data, tools, and services to private and government clients, partner organizations, and the public. NatureServe reports being "headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, with regional offices in four U.S. locations and in Canada." In calendar year 2011 they reported having 86 employees, 6 volunteers, and 15 independent officers.