hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1985 Timaru by-election
The Timaru by-election of 1985 was a by-election for the electorate of Timaru during the term of the 40th New Zealand Parliament. It was triggered by the death of Sir Basil Arthur (who had held the seat since 1962) on 1 May 1985. Sir Basil was Speaker of the House, and had inherited the rank of baronet from his father in 1949.

The by-election was held on 15 June 1985 and was won by Maurice McTigue of the National Party with a majority of 1,492 votes.

Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives
In New Zealand, the speaker of the House of Representatives, commonly known as the speaker of the House (Māori: te mana whakawā o te Whare), is the presiding officer and highest authority of the New Zealand House of Representatives. The individual who holds the position is elected by members of the House from among their number in the first session after each general election. They hold one of the highest-ranking offices in New Zealand. The current Speaker is Gerry Brownlee, who was elected on 5 December 2023.

The speaker's role – similar to that of  speakers in other countries that use the Westminster system – involves presiding over debates by determining who may speak, maintaining order during debate, and disciplining members who break the rules of the House. Aside from duties relating to presiding over the House, the speaker also performs administrative and procedural functions, and remains a member of Parliament (MP).
Vaandrager
Vaandrager is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cor Vaandrager, Dutch footballer who played for Zwart-Wit '28 (1962–1972)

Cornelis Bastiaan Vaandrager (1935–1992), Dutch writer and poet

Wiljon Vaandrager (born 1957), Dutch rower

Wiljon Vaandrager
Willemien Jonetta "Wiljon" Vaandrager (born 27 August 1957 in Brummen, Gelderland) is a former international rower from the Netherlands, who won the bronze medal in the Women's Eights at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, alongside Marieke van Drogenbroek, Lynda Cornet, Greet Hellemans, Nicolette Hellemans, Harriet van Ettekoven, Catharina Neelissen, Anne Quist, and Martha Laurijsen.
Martina Kaufmann
Martina Kaufmann (born 7 January 1986) is an Austrian politician of the Austrian People's Party. Since 2017, she has been a member of the National Council. From 2013 to 2017, she was a municipal councillor in Graz. During an election debate in 2019, she came out as gay.

National Council (Austria)
The National Council (Austrian German: Nationalrat, pronounced [nat͡si̯oˈnaːlˌʁaːt] ⓘ) is one of the two houses of the Austrian Parliament and is frequently referred to as the lower house. The constitution endows the National Council with far more power than the Federal Council.
Venous cutdown
Venous cutdown is an emergency procedure in which the vein is exposed surgically and then a cannula is inserted into the vein under direct vision. It is used for venous access in cases of trauma, and hypovolemic shock when the use of a peripheral venous catheter is either difficult or impossible. The great saphenous vein is most commonly used. This procedure has fallen out of favor with the development of safer techniques for central venous catheterization such as the Seldinger technique, the modified Seldinger technique, intraosseous infusion, as well as the use of ultrasound guidance for placement of central venous catheters without using the cutdown technique.

Injury
Injury is physiological damage to the living tissue of any organism, whether in humans, in other animals, or in plants.

Injuries can be caused in many ways, including mechanically with penetration by sharp objects such as teeth or with blunt objects, by heat or cold, or by venoms and biotoxins. Injury prompts an inflammatory response in many taxa of animals; this prompts wound healing. In both plants and animals, substances are often released to help to occlude the wound, limiting loss of fluids and the entry of pathogens such as bacteria. Many organisms secrete antimicrobial chemicals which limit wound infection; in addition, animals have a variety of immune responses for the same purpose. Both plants and animals have regrowth mechanisms which may result in complete or partial healing over the injury. Cells too can repair damage to a certain degree.
1978 Pacific Southwest Open
The 1978 Pacific Southwest Open, also known under its sponsorship name 1978 ARCO Open, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, California in the United States. The event was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit. It was the 52nd edition of the tournament and was held from September 18 through September 25, 1978. Seventh-seeded Arthur Ashe won the singles title as well as 200 ranking points.

Pauley Pavilion
The Edwin W. Pauley Pavilion, commonly known as Pauley Pavilion, is an indoor arena located in the Westwood Village district of Los Angeles, California, on the campus of UCLA. It is home to the UCLA Bruins men's and women's basketball teams. The men's and women's volleyball and women's gymnastics teams also compete here. All teams, except for the men's volleyball team, compete in the Big Ten Conference.

The building, designed by architect Welton Becket, was dedicated in June 1965, named for University of California Regent Edwin W. Pauley, who had matched the alumni contributions. Pauley donated almost one fifth of the more than $5 million spent in constructing the arena. The arena was renovated in 2010–12 and was reopened on November 9, 2012, when it hosted a men's basketball game against Indiana State.
Nomindsland
Nomindsland is the debut album by the industrial metal band Red Harvest, released through Black Mark Production in 1992. It is notable for being their only release that could be described as thrash metal, before the band moved towards industrial metal.

Industrial metal
Industrial metal is the fusion of heavy metal and industrial music, typically employing repeating metal guitar riffs, sampling, synthesizer or sequencer lines, and distorted vocals. Prominent industrial metal acts include Ministry, Nine Inch Nails, Fear Factory, Rammstein, KMFDM, and Godflesh.

Industrial metal developed in the late 1980s, as industrial and metal began to fuse into a common genre.  Industrial metal did well in the early 1990s, particularly in North America, with the success of groups such as Nine Inch Nails, but its popularity began to fade in the latter half of the 1990s.
World Machine (song)
"World Machine" is a song written by Wally Badarou, Phil Gould, Mark King and Mike Lindup that became the title track of the English jazz-funk band Level 42's sixth studio album. A remix of the song by Shep Pettibone was released as a 12-inch single in the US in October 1986 and peaked at number 25 on the Billboard Hot Dance/Disco – Club Play chart in 1987.

Level 42
Level 42 are an English jazz-funk band formed on the Isle of Wight in 1979. They had a number of UK and worldwide hits during the 1980s and 1990s.

Level 42's highest-charting single in the UK was "Lessons in Love", which reached number three on the UK singles chart, and number 12 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, upon its release in 1986. An earlier single, "Something About You", was their most successful chart-wise in the United States, reaching number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.

After much success as a live and studio band in the 1980s, Level 42's commercial profile diminished during the early 1990s following a series of personnel changes and musical shifts. Disbanding in 1994, the band reformed in 2001.
2009 Trinidad and Tobago FA Trophy
The 2009 Trinidad and Tobago FA Trophy was the 80th season of the FA Trophy, which is the oldest football competition for teams in Trinidad and Tobago. The tournament took place at the conclusion of the 2009 TT Pro League season. Caledonia AIA entered as the tournament's defending champion. The tournament commenced on 15 November, with 32 teams competing in single elimination matches and concluded on 9 December.

Trinidad and Tobago Football Association
The Trinidad and Tobago Football Association  (TTFA) is the governing body of football in Trinidad and Tobago. It is based in Port of Spain, Trinidad. It is a member of FIFA and is responsible for governing amateur and professional football and including the men's and women's national teams. The TTFA is also responsible for sanctioning referees and football tournaments for leagues in Trinidad and Tobago.

The association was known as the Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation (TTFF) between 1992 and 1 July 2013.
Carmindy
Carmindy Kathryn Bowyer, better known by her professional name Carmindy, is an American make-up artist and beauty expert based in New York City. She is best known for her work on the television show What Not to Wear, where she gave makeup advice to people who appeared on the show. She is also a regular beauty expert for Good Morning America, and founder of Carmindy Beauty cosmetics. She still works on fashion photo shoots, sits on a few beauty company boards and does private consults with clients for one-on-one makeovers.

Carmindy's work has been featured in beauty magazines, including InStyle, Elle, Marie Claire, Cosmopolitan, Self, Vogue, GQ, Essence, and Details.

Self (magazine)
Self (stylized in all caps) is an American online magazine for women that specializes in health, beauty, and style. Part of Condé Nast, its print edition had a circulation of 1,515,880 and a total audience of 5,282,000 readers, according to its corporate media kit in 2013. Self is based in the Condé Nast U.S. headquarters at 1 World Trade Center in New York, NY. In February 2017 the magazine became an online publication.
D-anime Store
d-anime Store (dアニメストア), previously known simply as Anime Store (アニメストア), is a Japanese subscription video on demand (SVOD) service majority-owned by NTT Docomo, with Kadokawa. It specializes in anime and was launched in July 2012.

Kadokawa Corporation
Kadokawa Corporation (Japanese: 株式会社KADOKAWA, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Kadokawa), formerly Kadokawa Dwango Corporation, is a Japanese conglomerate based in Fujimi, Chiyoda, Tokyo.

Created as a result of the merger of the original Kadokawa Corporation and Dwango Co., Ltd. on October 1, 2014, the company has holdings in entertainment (including anime and video game studios), publishing, and real estate among other assets.

Kadokawa is a member of the Motion Picture Association of Japan (MPPAJ) and is therefore one of the youngest of Japan's Big Four film studios.
Camp Lake National Wildlife Refuge
Camp Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a 585-acre (237 ha) National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in the U.S. state of North Dakota. The refuge is an Easement refuge that is entirely on privately owned land, but the landowners and U.S. Government work cooperatively to protect the resources. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service oversees Camp Lake NWR from offices at Audubon National Wildlife Refuge.

Easement refuge
An easement refuge is a special type of National Wildlife Refuge under the auspices of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). Such refuges exist on privately owned land, with the law of easements guaranteeing their status.

On an easement refuge, the Refuge boundaries encompass private land and the Fish and Wildlife Service does not own the land. Instead, through the use of a conservation easement, the FWS maintains the water rights and the right to restrict "hunting, trapping and willful disturbance of any bird or wild animal of any kind whatsoever within the limits of the refuge or to enter thereon..." However, the private landowner reserves the right to hay, graze, burn and manage the land with only minimal intervention from the Service.
John Moss (barrister)
John Moss CBE (12 June 1890 - 15 February 1976) worked in British social services.

He was educated at Loughborough Grammar School.  He was called to the Bar at Gray's Inn in 1915. He served with 4th Bn The Buffs 1919–1931.  He was Public Assistance Officer for Kent, 1930–1948.  He was appointed a CBE in 1946.

He was chairman of the National Old People's Welfare Council, 1951–1967.

He was a contributor on topics on legal issues to Halsbury's Laws of England, Macmillan's Local Government Law and Administration and the Encyclopædia Britannica on legal issues.

He lived in Folkestone.

Halsbury's Laws of England
Halsbury's Laws of England is an encyclopaedia of the law in England and Wales. It has an alphabetised title scheme for the areas of law, drawing on authorities including Acts of Parliament of the United Kingdom, Measures of the Welsh Assembly, UK case law and European law. It is written by or in consultation with experts in the relevant field.

Halsbury's Laws has an annual and monthly updating service. The encyclopaedia and updates are available in both hard copy and online, with some content available for free online.
Kadriye Selimoğlu
Kadriye Selimoğlu (born June 1, 1978 in Rize, Turkey) is a world champion Turkish Taekwondo practitioner competing in the finweight class. She is a member of the Istanbul B.B. SK.

She began Taekwondo already in her early age of 13 and became national champion in her age category. Selimoğlu studied in physical education and sports at the Gazi University in Ankara. She works as a teacher of physical education.

She is winner of the gold medal at the 2001 World Taekwondo Championships held in Jeju City, South Korea.

Rize
Rize (Turkish pronunciation: [ɾi'ze]; Greek: Ριζούντα, romanized: Rizoúnta; Laz: რიზინი, romanized: Rizini; Georgian: რიზე) is a coastal city in the eastern part of the Black Sea Region of Turkey. It is the seat of Rize Province and Rize District. Its population is 119,828 (2021). Rize is a typical Turkish provincial capital with little in the way of nightlife or entertainment. Since the border with Georgia was opened in the early 1990s, the Black Sea coast road has been widened and the town is much wealthier than it used to be. Current Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's family has its roots in Rize and the local university is named after him. The city is linked by road with Trabzon (41 miles [66 km] west), Hopa (55 miles [88 km] east on the Georgian border, and Erzurum (south). The Rize–Artvin Airport started operating in 2022.
Internet kill switch
An Internet kill switch is a countermeasure concept of activating a single shut off mechanism for all Internet traffic.

The concept behind having a kill switch is based on creating a single point of control (i.e. a switch) for a single authority to control or shut down the Internet in order to protect it or its users. Because of infrastructure and society's dependence on internet today, including critical infrastructure and services (e.g. health care emergencies, traffic, etc.) an internet kill switch can easily and clearly be deemed collective punishment. Therefore, In the United States, groups such as the American Civil Liberties Union have criticized proposals for implementing the idea so far.

Collective punishment
Collective punishment is a punishment or sanction imposed on a group or whole community for acts allegedly perpetrated by a member or some members of that group or area, which could be an ethnic or political group, or just the family, friends and neighbors of the perpetrator, as well as entire cities and communities where the perpetrator(s) allegedly committed the crime. Because individuals who are not responsible for the acts are targeted, collective punishment is not compatible with the basic principle of individual responsibility. The punished group may often have no direct association with the perpetrator other than living in the same area and can not be assumed to exercise control over the perpetrator's actions. Collective punishment is prohibited by treaty in both international and/or non-international armed conflicts, more specifically Common Article 33 of the Fourth Geneva Convention and Article 4 of the Additional Protocol II.
2016 Gloucester City Council election
The 2016 Gloucester City Council election took place on 5 May 2016 to elect members of Gloucester City Council in England. All seats are up for election at the same time due to boundary changes. This was on the same day as other local elections. The council also changed from electing a third of the council to electing the entire council. They were originally planned for 7 May 2020, but postponed until 6 May 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

2016 United Kingdom local elections
The 2016 United Kingdom local elections held on Thursday 5 May 2016 were a series of local elections which were held in 124 local councils and also saw 4 mayoral elections in England which also coincided with elections to the Scottish Parliament, the Welsh Assembly, the Northern Ireland Assembly, the London Assembly, the London mayoral election and the England and Wales Police and crime commissioners. By-elections for the Westminster seats of Ogmore and Sheffield Brightside and Hillsborough were also held. These proved to be David Cameron's last local elections as leader of the Conservative Party and Prime Minister as he resigned two months later following the defeat of Remain in the referendum on Britain's continuing membership of the European Union which was held seven weeks later.
Epidendrum katarun-yariku
Epidendrum katarun-yariku is a species of orchid in the genus Epidendrum found in the Guiana Highlands in Venezuela and Brazil. It grows on tepuis.

In the Arekuna language, katarun means high and yariku means flower. The specific epithet was chosen because the species occurs on the peaks and upper foothills of tepuis.

Tepui
A tepui (/ˈtɛpwi/), or tepuy (Spanish: [teˈpuj]), is a member of a family of table-top mountains or mesas found in northern South America, especially in Venezuela, western Guyana, and northern Brazil. The word tepui means "house of the gods" in the native tongue of the Pemon, the indigenous people who inhabit the Gran Sabana.

Tepuis tend to be found as isolated entities rather than in connected ranges, which makes them the host of a unique array of endemic plant and animal species. Notable tepuis include Auyantepui, Autana, Neblina, and Mount Roraima. They are typically composed of sheer blocks of Precambrian quartz arenite sandstone that rise abruptly from the jungle. Auyantepui is the source of Angel Falls, the world's tallest waterfall.
Mishkin Gallery
Mishkin Gallery is a university art museum affiliated with the Weissman School of Arts and Sciences at Baruch College, City University of New York, New York City, United States. The museum was founded in 1983 as the Baruch College Art Gallery and renamed the Mishkin Gallery in 1991, for alumnus Sidney Mishkin (Baruch, '34), and Alaina Claire Feldman is currently the director. The museum presents historical and contemporary exhibitions emphasizing original scholarship, the understanding of modern and contemporary art, interdisciplinary cultural activity, and innovative artistic practices from around the world. The museum has featured artists such as Franz Kline; Lamin Fofana; Marcel Sternberger; Mercedes Matter; Dorothea and Leo Rabkin; Minerva Cuevas; Juan Downey; Thomas Child; the New Blockheads; Aura Rosenberg; and Jorge Gonzalez Santos.

Mercedes Matter
Mercedes Matter (née Carles; 1913 – December 4, 2001) was an American painter, draughtswoman, and writer. She was a founding member of the American Abstract Artists, and the Founder and Dean Emeritus of the New York Studio School.
Terrance Hinds
Terrance Hinds (born 1992) is a Trinidadian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut for Trinbago Knight Riders in the 2018 Caribbean Premier League on 7 September 2018. He made his first-class debut on 9 January 2020, for Trinidad and Tobago in the first round of the 2019–20 West Indies Championship. In the next round of matches, he scored his maiden century in first-class cricket, with an unbeaten 102 runs.

In May 2022, in round four of the 2021–22 West Indies Championship, Hinds took his maiden five-wicket haul in first-class cricket, with 5/32 against Barbados.

Trinidad and Tobago national cricket team
The Trinidad and Tobago national cricket team is the representative cricket team of the country of Trinidad and Tobago. The team competes under the franchise name, Trinidad and Tobago Red Force in the Cricket West Indies' Professional Cricket League which comprises both the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50. Trinidad has also won a sum of 13 regional one day titles, which is the most in the history of West Indies cricket.

The most prominent T&T cricketers include Jeffrey Stollmeyer, Sonny Ramadhin, Deryck Murray, Charlie Davis, Larry Gomes, Rangy Nanan, Gus Logie, Ian Bishop, Brian Lara, Mervyn Dillon, Daren Ganga, Ravi Rampaul, Dwayne Bravo, Denesh Ramdin and Samuel Badree.
Antisemitic incidents during the Gaza War (2008–2009)
Antisemitic incidents escalated worldwide in frequency and intensity during the 2008–2009 Gaza War, and were widely considered to be a wave of reprisal attacks in response to the conflict.

The number and severity of reported incidents was particularly high in France and the United Kingdom, countries with large Muslim and Jewish populations. The incidents, which included firebombings and arson of Jewish buildings, attacks on Jewish individuals, defacement of synagogues and vandalism, drew reactions from several governments and non-governmental organizations worldwide. Most perpetrators of these attacks have not been identified or prosecuted.

Georgios Karatzaferis
Georgios Karatzaferis (Greek: Γεώργιος Καρατζαφέρης; born August 11, 1947) is a Greek politician, a former member of the Hellenic Parliament and the former president of the Popular Orthodox Rally. Previously, Karatzaferis was a member of parliament of the liberal-conservative New Democracy party. He is a former Member of the European Parliament and former vice-president of the Independence and Democracy group. The Popular Orthodox Rally's views, ideas, and electoral campaigns were often broadcast and promoted by the relatively minor private Greek TV channel TeleAsty (former Telecity) and the party's weekly newspaper, A1, both which he founded. In 2023, he praised Kyriakos Mitsotakis and endorsed New Democracy for the 2023 elections, campaigning for the party, without officially rejoining it.
Ingwelala
Ingwelala is a private stakeholder nature reserve on the bank of the Nhlaralumi River in the heart of the lowveld, about 65 km from the town of Hoedspruit. The reserve of some 3,000 hectares forms part of the Bushbuckridge Municipality, and adjoins the Umbabat Nature Reserve and the unfenced Kruger National Park.

Ingwelala includes the following game farms:

Argyle – 1,499 ha registered as Ingwelala Shareblock Ltd.

Buffelsbed – 1,018 ha registered as Buffelsbed Shareblock Ltd.

Goedehoop – 372 ha registered as Ingwelala Holdings Ltd.

Si Bon – 257 ha registered as Si Bon Property Holdings Ltd

Hoedspruit
Hoedspruit (Afrikaans for Hat Creek) is a town in the Limpopo province of South Africa, situated at the foot of the Klein Drakensberg (Afrikaans for "Small Dragon Mountains"). The town is located on the Selati railway line, which connects Phalaborwa to Kaapmuiden.
Dodecagonal number
In mathematics, a dodecagonal number is a figurate number that represents a dodecagon. The dodecagonal number for n is given by the formula

The first few dodecagonal numbers are:

0, 1, 12, 33, 64, 105, 156, 217, 288, 369, 460, 561, 672, 793, 924, 1065, 1216, 1377, 1548, 1729, ... (sequence A051624 in the OEIS)

12 (number)
12 (twelve) is the natural number following 11 and preceding 13.

Twelve is the 3rd superior highly composite number, the 3rd colossally abundant number, the 5th highly composite number, and is divisible by the numbers from 1 to 4, and 6, a large number of divisors comparatively.

It is central to many systems of timekeeping, including the Western calendar and units of time of day, and frequently appears in the world's major religions.