hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Commutator subspace
In mathematics, the commutator subspace of a two-sided ideal of bounded linear operators on a separable Hilbert space is the linear subspace spanned by commutators of operators in the ideal with bounded operators.
Modern characterisation of the commutator subspace is through the Calkin correspondence and it involves the invariance of the Calkin sequence space of an operator ideal to taking Cesàro means.  This explicit spectral characterisation reduces problems and questions about commutators and traces on two-sided ideals to (more resolvable) problems and conditions on sequence spaces.

Linear subspace
In mathematics, and more specifically in linear algebra, a linear subspace or vector subspace is a vector space that is a subset of some larger vector space. A linear subspace is usually simply called a subspace when the context serves to distinguish it from other types of subspaces.
2018 Tata Open Maharashtra
The 2018 Tata Open Maharashtra was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts that was part of the World Tour 250 series of the 2018 ATP World Tour. It was the 23rd edition of the only ATP tournament played in India and took place in Pune, India, from 1 January through 6 January 2018. It was the first edition of the tournament to be held after it was moved from Chennai to Pune. Unseeded Gilles Simon won the singles title.

Thiago Monteiro (tennis)
Thiago Moura Monteiro (Brazilian Portuguese: [tʃiˈaɡu mõˈtejɾu]; born 31 May 1994) is a Brazilian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 61, achieved on 17 October 2022 and a doubles ranking of No. 144, achieved on 31 January 2022. He is currently the No. 3 singles player from Brazil.

On the ITF Junior Circuit, Monteiro had a combined ranking of No. 2, attained on February 2012. His best junior singles result was the 2011 Copa Gerdau (Grade A) title in Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Newark Arts High School
Newark Arts High School is a four-year magnet public high school, serving students in Ninth through twelfth grades in Newark, in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Newark Public Schools. The school is located in the University Heights section of Newark. Starting in 2011-12, the 7th graders of William Brown Academy were housed there as that school's facility was being constructed.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 598 students and 53.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.2:1. There were 341 students (57.0% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 37 (6.2% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
Vinyl Days
Vinyl Days is the seventh studio album by American rapper Logic, released on June 17, 2022, by Visionary Music Group and Def Jam Recordings, marking his final album with both labels. It contains 30 songs, making it the album with the most tracks in his discography, and features guest appearances from Action Bronson, Currensy, Russ, Wiz Khalifa, Royce da 5'9, RZA, AZ, DJ Premier, the Game, and more. Production was primarily handled by 6ix, with additional work by Logic himself, T-Minus, and Mario Luciano, among others.

Vinyl Days was released to positive reviews from music critics.

Visionary Music Group
Visionary Music Group (formerly known as Visionary Records) is an American independent record label and management company, founded in 2011 by Chris Zarou. The label is best known for having signed rapper Logic prior to his mainstream breakthrough; other notable signees include Jon Bellion, Quinn XCII, Chelsea Cutler, Jeremy Zucker, Ayokay, Tayyib Ali (their very first signee), and record producer 6ix.
Vasos y besos
Vasos y besos (Glasses and kisses) is the second studio album by Argentine rock group Los Abuelos de la Nada (The Grandfathers Out of Nowhere, or The Grandfathers of Nothingness). It was released in 1983. Among the songs that stand out are the hits "No se desesperen" (Don't Despair) and "Mil horas" (A Thousand Hours); the latter is considered by some to be emblematic of Argentine rock.

In 2007, the Argentine edition of Rolling Stone ranked it 29th on its list of "The 100 Greatest Albums of National Rock".

Argentine rock
Argentine rock (known locally as rock nacional [ˈroɣ nasjoˈnal], 'national rock' in the sense of 'local, not international') is rock music composed or performed by Argentine bands or artists mostly in Spanish.

Argentine rock was the earliest incarnation of Spanish-language rock. It began by recycling hits of English-language rock & roll. A rising trend of composing new songs mostly in Spanish can be traced at least back to the late 1960s, when several garage groups and aspiring musicians began composing songs and lyrics that related to local social and musical topics. Since then, Argentine rock started and continued through uninterrupted evolution through the 1970s and into the 1980s.

A distinguishing trait of Argentine rock is its insistence on Spanish language lyrics. Argentine rock today is a blanket term describing a number of rock styles and sub-cultures within Argentina.
Nepa (bug)
Nepa is a genus belonging to the family Nepidae, known as water scorpions. Species are found in freshwater habitats in the Northern Hemisphere.

They are oval-bodied, aquatic insects with raptorial front legs. Like other members of the Nepidae, they have a pair of nonretractable cerci-like breathing tubes on the terminal abdominal segment, a characteristic which readily distinguishes them from the Belostomatidae. Their primary staples are other insects and small aquatic vertebrates. They can inflict a painful bite when handled.

Cercus
Cerci (sg.: cercus) are paired appendages usually on the rear-most segments of many arthropods, including insects and symphylans. Many forms of cerci serve as sensory organs, but some serve as pinching weapons or as organs of copulation. In many insects, they simply may be functionless vestigial structures.

In basal arthropods, such as silverfish, the cerci originate from the eleventh abdominal segment. As segment eleven is reduced or absent in the majority of arthropods, in such cases, the cerci emerge from the tenth abdominal segment. It is not clear that other structures so named are homologous. In the Symphyla they are associated with spinnerets.
Myelin proteolipid protein
Myelin proteolipid protein (PLP or lipophilin) is the major myelin protein from the central nervous system (CNS). It plays an important role in the formation or maintenance of the multilamellar structure of myelin. The myelin sheath is a multi-layered membrane, unique to the nervous system, that functions as an insulator to greatly increase the efficiency of axonal impulse conduction.

In humans, point mutations in PLP are the cause of Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease (PMD), a neurologic disorder of myelin metabolism. In animals demyelinating diseases such as mouse 'jimpy' or dog 'shaking pup' are also caused by mutations in PLP.

PLP is a highly conserved hydrophobic protein of 276 to 280 amino acids which seems to contain four transmembrane segments, two disulfide bonds and which covalently binds lipids (at least six palmitate groups in mammals). PLP is highly related to GPM6A, a neuronal membrane glycoprotein.

Palmitic acid
Palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature) is a fatty acid with a 16-carbon chain. It is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D ratio (the total number of carbon atoms to the number of carbon-carbon double bonds) is 16:0. It is a major component of palm oil from the fruit of Elaeis guineensis (oil palms), making up to 44% of total fats. Meats, cheeses, butter, and other dairy products also contain palmitic acid, amounting to 50–60% of total fats.

Palmitates are the salts and esters of palmitic acid. The palmitate anion is the observed form of palmitic acid at physiologic pH (7.4). Major sources of C16:0 are palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, and milk fat.

Dietary palmitic acid intake is associated with an increased cardiovascular disease risk through raising low-density lipoprotein.
Stefanie Rennoch
Stefanie Rennoch (née Zwitkowitsch; born 14 April 1976) is a German professional darts player who plays in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events.Her biggest achievement to date was qualified for 2022 PDC Women's Series semi-finals and winning a silver medal at the WDF World Cup.

WDF World Cup
The WDF World Cup is a darts tournament organised by the World Darts Federation and held biennially since 1977. It has featured men's events since the beginning, while women's events were added in 1983 and youth events in 1999. The most recent tournament, the 2023 World Cup, was held in Esbjerg, Denmark. The event used to be broadcast on ITV in the United Kingdom, but coverage of the tournament ceased after the 1987 World Cup.
HMS Beaver (1911)
HMS Beaver was an Acheron-class destroyer of the Royal Navy that served during the First World War and was sold for breaking in 1921. She was the ninth Royal Navy ship to be named Beaver, after the mammal of the same name.

Acheron-class destroyer
The Acheron class (renamed the I class in October 1913) was a class of twenty-three destroyers of the British Royal Navy, all built under the 1910–11 Programme and completed between 1911 and 1912, which served during the First World War.  There was considerable variation between the design and construction of ships within this class, which should be considered as more of a post-build grouping than a homogeneous class.
2016–17 SuperLega
2016–17 SuperLega is the 72nd season of the Italian Championship (highest level of Italian Volleyball League) organized under the supervision of Federazione Italiana Pallavolo. This season is composed of 14 teams, two more than the last season. Biosì Indexa Sora and Tonno Callipo Calabria Vibo Valentia are the new additions to the league.

The Super Cup preceded the regular season on 24-25 September. Azimut Modena won the Super Cup for the second consecutive year.

Volley Callipo
Volley Callipo is a professional volleyball team based in Vibo Valentia, Italy. The club plays in SuperLega (previous Serie A1), highest level of the Italian Volleyball League. In season 2017/18 the club is named Tonno Callipo Calabria Vibo Valentia.
Topli Vrh, Črnomelj
Topli Vrh (pronounced [ˈtɔːpli ˈʋəɾx]; also Topli Vrh nad Bistrico, German: Warmberg) is a remote abandoned settlement in the Municipality of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its territory is now part of the village of Rožič Vrh.

Municipality of Črnomelj
The Municipality of Črnomelj (pronounced [tʃəɾˈnoːməl]; Slovene: Občina Črnomelj) is a municipality in southeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Črnomelj. The municipality is at the heart of the area of White Carniola, the southeastern part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It borders Croatia on the Kolpa River.
2010 8 Hours of Castellet
The 2010 8 Hours of Le Castellet (8 Heures du Castellet) was the inaugural round of the 2010 Le Mans Series season.  It took place at the Circuit Paul Ricard, Le Castellet, France on 11 April 2010.  It was the first Le Mans Series race that is longer than the standard 1,000-km distance the LMS use since the 2007 Mil Milhas Brasil.  Audi Sport Team Joest won the race overall in their first use of the Audi R15 TDI in the Le Mans Series, with drivers Allan McNish and Rinaldo Capello.  Aston Martin Racing and Rebellion Racing completed the overall podium five laps behind the winning Audi.  Strakka Racing also brought Honda Performance Development a win on their debut in the LMP2 category, leading the OAK Racing Pescarolo by 33 seconds.  Applewood Seven won the Formula Le Mans category, the first event in which this class participated in the Le Mans Series.  Team Felbermayr-Proton dominated the GT2 category by finishing in the top two positions, ahead of the first of the AF Corse Ferraris.

Rinaldo Capello
Rinaldo "Dindo" Capello (born 17 June 1964) is an Italian professional racing driver. He is a three-time winner of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, with Bentley in 2003 and Audi in 2004 and 2008. Capello is a two-time American Le Mans Series champion, a five-time 12 Hours of Sebring winner, and the record holder for most wins at Petit Le Mans, having won five times. Capello has also raced in the Intercontinental Le Mans Cup, the FIA World Endurance Championship, DTM and the Italian GT Championship.
Mah Siew Keong
Mah Siew Keong (simplified Chinese: 马袖强; traditional Chinese: 馬袖強; pinyin: Mǎ Xiùqiáng; Jyutping: Maa5 Zau6 Koeng4; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Má Siū-kiông; Foochow Romanized: Mā Sêu-giòng; born 17 June 1961) is a Malaysian politician who served as Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities and Minister in the Prime Minister's Department in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Najib Razak from June 2014 to the collapse of the BN administration in May 2018, Member of Parliament (MP) for Teluk Intan from November 1999 to March 2008 and again from May 2014 to May 2018 and Member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Pasir Bedamar from April 1995 to November 1999. He is a member and Advisor of Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (GERAKAN), a component party of presently the Perikatan Nasional (PN) and formerly BN coalition. He previously served as the 5th President of GERAKAN from October 2013 to September 2018.

Minister of Plantation and Commodities (Malaysia)
The Minister of Plantation and Commodities (Malay: Menteri Perladangan dan Komoditi; Jawi: منتري ڤرلاداڠن دان كومودتي‎), is a minister in the Government of Malaysia, with responsibility for the Ministry of Plantation and Commodities (MPIC).

The incumbent minister is Noraini Ahmad who was appointed by Anwar Ibrahim on 17 December 2025. She has been deputised by Huang Tiong Sii since 17 December 2025.
Adam Hochschild
Adam Hochschild (/ˈhoʊkʃɪld/ HOHK-shild; born October 5, 1942) is an American author, journalist, historian and lecturer.  His best-known works include King Leopold's Ghost (1998), To End All Wars: A Story of Loyalty and Rebellion, 1914–1918 (2011), Bury the Chains (2005), The Mirror at Midnight (1990),  The Unquiet Ghost (1994), and Spain in Our Hearts (2016).

California Book Awards
The California Book Awards are annual literary awards given to California Writers and Publishers since 1931. The event is sponsored by Commonwealth Club World Affairs of California. The California Book Awards are funded by an endowment from Dr. Martha Heasley Cox, late professor of American Literature at San Jose State University. Medals (gold and silver) and cash prizes are currently awarded in the categories of Fiction, Nonfiction, Poetry, First Work of Fiction, Californiana (nonfiction relating to California), Juvenile Literature (up to age 10), Young Adult Literature (age 11–16), and Notable Contribution to Publishing. More than 400 books are submitted per year. The winning books are selected by an independent jury.
Richard Cooper (footballer, born 1979)
Richard Anthony Cooper (born 27 September 1979) is an English football coach, manager and former footballer. He is currently Academy Manager at Mansfield Town after a spell with Eastwood Town where he was assistant manager.

Prior to his coaching role, Cooper played for Nottingham Forest, York City and Alfreton Town.

Following an injury which curtailed his footballing career, and prior to taking on his role as coach at Mansfield Town, he also worked as a business development manager.
In October 2020, Cooper was named as interim manager of Mansfield Town, after his brief spell in charge of Mansfield he reverted to his role as Academy Manager following the appointment of Nigel Clough as manager.

Eastwood Town F.C.
Eastwood Town Football Club was an English football club based in Eastwood, Nottinghamshire. The club last participated in the Northern Premier League Division One South, the eighth tier of English football.

A new club, Eastwood C.F.C., was formed in 2014 following the demise of Eastwood Town.
Dino Pedriali
Dino Pedriali (1950 – 11 November 2021) was an Italian photographer who lived and worked in Rome. His subjects were the male nude as well as portraits. His work was compared by art critic Peter Weiermair during the retrospective "Nudi e Ritratti — Fotografie dal 1974/2003" to Caravaggio's because he similarly focused on the artistic elevation of people from the working class.

Photographed by Pedriali were people like Giacomo Manzù, Giorgio de Chirico, Alberto Moravia, Federico Fellini, Rudolf Nureyev, Andy Warhol, Man Ray, and Pier Paolo Pasolini, whom he photographed shortly before Pasolini's 1975 death.

Man Ray
Man Ray (born Emmanuel Radnitzky; August 27, 1890 – November 18, 1976) was an American-born, French-naturalized visual artist who spent most of his career in Paris. He was a significant contributor to the Dada and Surrealist movements, although his ties to each were informal. He produced major works in a variety of media but considered himself a painter above all.

He was a photography innovator as well as a fashion and portrait photographer, and is noted for his work with photograms, which he called "rayographs" in reference to himself.
1961 USA–USSR Track and Field Dual Meet
The 1961 USA–USSR Track and Field Dual Meet was an international track and field competition between the Soviet Union and the United States. The third in a series of meetings between the nations, it was held on July 15–16 in Lenin Stadium, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union, and finished with Soviet Union beating the United States 179 to 163. A total of 33 events were contested, 22 by men and 10 by women.

A total of five world records were broken at the competition – the most of any meeting in the series. Home athletes Valeriy Brumel, Tatyana Shchelkanova and Tamara Press set records in field events, while Ralph Boston and the American women's 4 × 100 meters relay team set world standards for the visitors.

Tatyana Shchelkanova
Tatyana Shchelkanova (Russian: Татья́на Щелка́нова, 18 April 1937 – 24 November 2011) was a Soviet long jumper, sprinter and pentathlete who won a bronze medal in the long jump at the 1964 Olympics. In 1961 she set a world record at 6.48 m and extended it to 6.53 m in 1962 to and 6.70 m in 1964. However, in the Olympic final she only managed 6.42 m, while the winner Mary Rand broke the world record at 6.76 m. Shchelkanova won two European titles in the long jump, in 1962 and 1966 (indoor).

Shchelkanova won five gold (long jump in 1961, 1963 and 1965; 100 m in 1961; and pentathlon in 1965) and one silver medal (80 hurdles in 1963) at the Summer Universiade, as well as 10 national titles in the long jump (1961–66), 4 × 100 m relay (1961-63), and pentathlon (1963). After retiring from competitions she headed a department at the St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications.
Vespertilionoidea
Vespertilionoidea is a superfamily of bats containing five families: Cistugidae, Miniopteridae, Molossidae, Natalidae, and Vespertilionidae. It is one of three superfamilies in the suborder Yangochiroptera, the others being Noctilionoidea and Emballonuroidea.

The earliest known member of the group is Stehlinia from the Middle Eocene, although its taxonomic affiliation has been previously disputed.

Cistugo
Cistugo is a genus of bats from southern Africa. The two species have historically been included in the genus Myotis (family Vespertilionidae), but molecular studies show that the genus is distinct from all other Vespertilionidae, and in fact distinctive enough to be placed in its own family, Cistugidae.

The two species are:

Cistugo lesueuri Roberts, 1919 – Lesotho and southern South Africa

Cistugo seabrai Thomas, 1912 – southwestern Angola through Namibia and northwestern South Africa

One fossil relative of Cistugo is also known in Chadronycteris Ostrander, 1983 from the Late Eocene of Nebraska, USA.
Cobelura peruviana
Cobelura peruviana is a species of longhorn beetle of the subfamily Lamiinae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1920 and is known from Peru (from which its species epithet is derived) and Bolivia.

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
2010–11 Northern Premier League
The 2010–11 season was the 43rd season of the Northern Premier League Premier Division, and the fourth season of the Northern Premier League Division One North and South.

The allocations of teams following the 2009–10 season were released on 17 May 2010. The League sponsors from 2010–11 are Evo-Stik, who took over from Henkel UniBond.

Henkel
Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, commonly known as Henkel, is a German multinational chemical and consumer goods company headquartered in Düsseldorf, Germany. Founded in 1876, the DAX company is organized into two globally operating business units (Consumer Brands, Adhesive Technologies) and is known for brands such as Loctite, Persil, Fa, Pritt, Dial and Purex.

In the fiscal year 2024, Henkel reported sales of around 21.6 billion euros and an operating profit of 2.831 billion euros. Henkel holds 47,150 employees with more than 80% working outside of Germany.
International Pole Championship
The International Pole Championship (IPC) is a competition organised every second year by the International Pole Dance Fitness Association (IPDFA). It is the brainchild of renowned performer and instructor Ania/Anna Przeplasko (pronounced pshe plaz ko). It is the world's first international pole dance fitness championship where winners are credited solely for their dance skills, unique tricks, techniques, overall performance and showmanship. To enter into IPC Winners of National Championships are granted entry to the semi-final division of the 4 phase elimination process. Undiscovered talents can submit their video entry via the IPC website. Semi-finalists are chosen by panel of experienced International Judges, and announced online via social media platforms. Fans enter into an online voting system to choose their favourite semi-finalist who joins the world most proclaimed performers entered with the title of Pole Idol, together with a sponsorship to the Grand Finals.

Sponsor (commercial)
Sponsoring something (or someone) is the act of supporting an event, activity, person, or organization financially or through the provision of products or services. The individual or group that provides the support, similar to a benefactor, is known as the sponsor.