hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bila Krynytsia, Kherson Oblast
Bila Krynytsia (Ukrainian: Біла Криниця; Russian: Белая Криница) is a rural settlement in Beryslav Raion, Kherson Oblast, southern Ukraine. It is located in the steppe between the Inhulets and the Vysun rivers, mid-distance between Kherson and Kryvyi Rih. Bila Krynytsia belongs to Velyka Oleksandrivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It has a population of 1,149 (2022 estimate).

Beryslav Raion
Beryslav Raion (Ukrainian: Бериславський район, romanized: Beryslavs'kyi raion) is one of the five administrative raions (a district) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Beryslav. Its population was 55,976 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census. Current population: 94,103 (2022 estimate).

The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 45,931 (2020 est.). However, on 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kherson Oblast was reduced to five, and the area of Beryslav Raion was significantly expanded. Three raions (Novovorontsovka, Velyka Oleksandrivka, and Vysokopillia Raions) were abolished and their territories were merged into an enlarged Beryslav Raion.
Hershberger
Hershberger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Guy Hershberger (1896–1989), American Mennonite theologian, educator, historian and writer

John Hershberger (born 1959), American computer scientist

Mike Hershberger (1939–2012), American baseball player

Natalie Hershberger (born 2004), American taekwondo practitioner and writer

Pete Hershberger (born 1949), American politician

Sally Hershberger (born 1961) American hair stylist

Trisha Hershberger (born 1982) American YouTuber, vlogger, and television host

Willard Hershberger (1910–1940), American baseball player

Pete Hershberger
Pete Hershberger (born 4 June 1949)  is an American politician who served as a member of the Arizona House of Representatives, representing the 26th District from 2001 to 2008. He previously served in the State House, representing the 12th District from 1983 to 1985.
Saint-Cyr Lake (Saint-Cyr River South)
Saint-Cyr Lake /ˌseɪntˈsɪər/ is a freshwater body of water crossed by the Saint-Cyr River South in the north-eastern part of Senneterre, in La Vallée-de-l'Or Regional County Municipality (RCM), in the administrative region of Abitibi-Témiscamingue, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

This body of water extends in the townships of Mesplet and Cherrier. Forestry is the main economic activity of the sector. Recreational tourism activities come second.

The hydrographic slope of Lake Saint-Cyr is accessible through a forest road (North-South direction) on the east side of the Saint-Cyr River Valley; in addition, another forest road (East-West direction) serves the northern part of the Saint-Cyr Lake Biodiversity Reserve and connects R1015 to the west.

The surface of Lac Saint-Cyr is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice circulation is generally from mid-November to mid-April.

La Vallée-de-l'Or Regional County Municipality
La Vallée-de-l'Or (French pronunciation: [la vale də lɔʁ]) is a regional county municipality in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region in Northwestern Quebec, Canada. The seat is in Val-d'Or. It is named for its gold deposits in the Harricana River and Bell River valleys.
Eppur si muove (album)
Eppur si muove is the third full-length album by the German symphonic metal band Haggard. It was released on 26 April 2004 by Drakkar Entertainment.

The album is based on the life of the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei (1564–1642), who, according to legend, muttered the phrase eppur si muove, meaning "And yet it does move", after being forced to recant, in front of the Inquisition, his belief that the earth moved around the sun.

In 2021, it was elected by Metal Hammer as the 23rd best symphonic metal album.

The following is a musical theme recurring in many tracks on the album (as All'inizio è la morte, Per Aspera ad Astra and the titletrack Eppur si muove):

And yet it moves
E pur si muove or Eppur si muove [epˈpur si ˈmwɔːve] ('And yet it moves' or 'Although it does move') is an Italian phrase commonly attributed to the Italian physicist and astronomer Galileo Galilei (1564–1642). The Catholic Church persecuted Galileo for promoting the Copernican model of the Solar System in which the Earth moves around the Sun, which contradicted Catholic orthodoxy that the Earth remained fixed in the center of the universe.

According to popular legend, Galileo muttered this in 1633 after the Roman Inquisition forced him to recant his claims, though this is likely apocryphal.
Eli Barnes
Eli Barnes was an American politician. He was a representative in the Georgia Assembly as a Republican during the Reconstruction Era. A former slave who worked as a mechanic, he was African American. He was elected in 1868 and represented Hancock County, Georgia in the 80th Georgia General Assembly. He was appointed to the Committee on Manufactures. He only served one term.

He asked for military units to protect a black school in 1869. As a result, he received threats and intimidation from members of the Ku Klux Klan.

Barnes was one of those who testified to a select committee of congress about widespread intimidation and horrific attacks in African Americans in the Southern States. He told the congressional investigating committee, "It has got to be quite a common thing. . . to hear a man say, 'They rode around my house last night, and they played the mischief there; my wife was molested, my daughter badly treated, and they played the wild generally with my family.'"

80th Georgia General Assembly
The 80th Georgia General Assembly began in Atlanta, Georgia in early 1869. This was the first session after the seat of government was moved from Milledgeville, Georgia following the Georgia Constitution of 1868.  A new capitol building had yet to be built so sessions were held in the opera house on Marietta Street rented from H.I. Kimball.

The new General Assembly contained 153 House members and 44 Senators. It was the first General Assembly in Georgia history to have African-American members. All of the African-American men were temporarily expelled by the General Assembly by September 1868, and were reinstated by Act of Congress in 1870 shortly before the end of the 1870 session. The 80th Assembly was succeeded by the 81st Assembly, in which Democrats won a majority in both chambers and began to pursue harsh recriminations against Republicans in general and African-Americans in particular.
Ed Kringstad
Edroy A. Kringstad (March 28, 1937 – May 4, 2013) was an American educator and politician.

Kringstad was born in Fairdale, North Dakota. He was the son of Ernest O. Kringstad (1910-1970) and Alice G. (Aamot) Kringstad  (1917-2012). He graduated  from Valley City State University and received his master's degree from University of North Dakota. Kringstad taught at Bismarck State College and was the wrestling coach.  He was named twice  NWCA National Junior College Coach of the Year (1974 and 1986) and was inducted into the National Junior College Athletic Association Wrestling Hall of Fame in 1978. He was inducted into the Viking Hall of Fame at Valley City State (1993).

Kringstad served in the North Dakota State Senate (1995-2006) as a Republican. He died in Bismarck, North Dakota.

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
Southern Illinois Airport
Southern Illinois Airport (IATA: MDH, ICAO: KMDH, FAA LID: MDH) is a public airport in Jackson County, Illinois, United States. It is located three nautical miles (6 km) northwest of the central business district of Carbondale and east of Murphysboro. This airport is included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2025–2029, which categorized it as a regional general aviation facility.

The airport opened in 1950 and was originally known as Murdale Airport.

The airport is owned and operated by Southern Illinois Airport Authority, a local governmental entity created under state law. A five-member board sets policy for the airport authority, and daily administration of the airport is carried out by an airport manager and staff. The board members are appointed by the mayors of Carbondale and Murphysboro and the chairman of the Jackson County Board and serve for five years on a staggered basis.

Jackson County, Illinois
Jackson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois with a population of 52,974 at the 2020 census, the county is located 98 miles southeast of St. Louis. Its county seat is Murphysboro, and its most populous city is Carbondale, home to the main campus of Southern Illinois University. The county was incorporated on January 10, 1816, and named for Andrew Jackson. The community of Brownsville served as the fledgling county's first seat. Jackson County is included in the Carbondale-Marion, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the southern portion of Illinois known locally as "Little Egypt".
Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines
Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1988 by the Institute for Critical Thinking (Montclair State University). The journal publishes articles and reviews on various aspects of critical thinking. After a brief suspension starting in 2005, publication of the journal resumed in 2010 with a new editorial team located at Sam Houston State University. The journal took another pause from 2016 to 2020, resuming publication in 2021.  All issues are available online, and single documents can be accessed by non-subscribers. The journal is published by the Philosophy Documentation Center. The founding editors-in-chief were Wendy Oxman and Robert Michael Esformes; the current editor is Thomas Brommage (Sam Houston State University).

Montclair State University
Montclair State University (Montclair) is a public research university in Montclair, New Jersey, United States. Parts of the campus extend into Clifton and into Little Falls. As of June 2024, there were 22,570 total enrolled students: 18,062 undergraduate students and 4,508 graduate students. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The campus covers approximately 252 acres (1.02 km2). The university offers more than 300 majors, minors, and concentrations.
Ben Garuccio
Benjamin Garuccio (/ɡəˈruːtʃioʊ/ gə-ROO-chee-oh, Italian: [ɡaˈruttʃo]; born 15 June 1995) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a left back for Sydney FC.

Garuccio represented the Australian under-20 side on many occasions.

2020–21 A-League
The 2020–21 A-League was the 44th season of national level soccer in Australia, and the 16th since the establishment of the A-League in 2004. The season was started on 28 December 2020 and concluded with the Grand Final on 27 June 2021. The start of the season was later than previous seasons as a result of both the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and New Zealand. Wellington Phoenix played the majority of their home matches at Wollongong Showground in Wollongong due to international travel restrictions.

Sydney FC were the defending champions and premiers, having won their record fifth and fourth titles respectively the previous season. Melbourne City won their first premiership and championship title, leaving Sydney FC in second on both.
Amin Al-Shanaineh
Amin Farid Mohammad Al-Shanaineh (Arabic: أمين فارد محمد الشناينة; born 7 April 2003) is a Jordanian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Jordanian Pro League side Al-Faisaly and the Jordan national team.

Jordanian Pro League
The Jordanian Pro League (Arabic: الدوري الأردني للمحترفين) is a Jordanian professional league for men's football clubs and represents the top flight of Jordanian football. The championship consists of twelve competing teams in a home and away league system. 
The league was not held in the years:
1948, 1953, 1957, 1958,
1967, 1968, 1969, and not finished in 1998. In 2002, the league changed calendar to a fall spring season, and in 2020 the league returned to a spring fall season. From the 2023-24 season, the JFA decided to return to the fall spring calendar to match the date of the league with the Asian championships.
William T. Watson
William Tharp Watson (June 22, 1849 – April 14, 1917) was an American banker and politician from Milford, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic Party, who served in the Delaware General Assembly and as Governor of Delaware.

Kent County, Delaware
Kent County is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of Delaware. As of the 2020 census, the population was 181,851, making it the least populous county in Delaware, but the most populous county in the United States to be the least populous in its state. The county seat is Dover, the state capital of Delaware. It is named for Kent, an English county.

Kent County comprises the Dover metropolitan area, which is included in the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD combined statistical area.
Canton of Saint-Paul-de-Fenouillet
The Canton of Saint-Paul-de-Fenouillet is a French former canton of Pyrénées-Orientales department, in Languedoc-Roussillon. It had 4,172 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 11 communes, which joined the new canton of La Vallée de l'Agly in 2015.

The canton comprised the following communes:

Pyrénées-Orientales
Pyrénées-Orientales (French: [piʁene ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; Catalan: Pirineus Orientals [piɾiˈnɛwz uɾiənˈtals]; Occitan: Pirenèus Orientals [piɾeˈnɛwz uɾjenˈtals]; lit. 'Eastern Pyrenees'), also known as Northern Catalonia, is a department of the region of Occitania, Southern France, adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. It borders the departments of Ariège to the northwest and Aude to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east and the Spanish province of Girona in Catalonia to the south and the country of Andorra to the west. It also surrounds the tiny Spanish exclave of Llívia, and thus has two distinct borders with Spain. In 2019, it had a population of 479,979. Some parts of the Pyrénées-Orientales (like the Cerdagne) are part of the Iberian Peninsula. It is named after the Pyrenees mountain range. Historically, most of the department corresponds with the northern part of the medieval and early modern Principality of Catalonia.
2010 Dunlop World Challenge
The 2010 Dunlop World Challenge was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour and 2010 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Toyota, Japan between 22 and 28 November 2010.

Lucky loser
A lucky loser is a sports competitor (player or team) who loses a match in a knockout tournament or loses in qualifying, but who then enters the main draw. This can occur when another competitor withdraws during the tournament because of illness, injury, or other reasons, in which case the lucky loser re-enters the competition in place of the withdrawn competitor, or due to the structure of the tournament.

In the event of a lucky loser's re-entry to a competition, it usually occurs before all competitors in the main draw have started their first match in the tournament.
The Metal Airscrew Company
The Metal Airscrew Company was formed in 1919 by Dr. Henry Charles Watts and Henry Leitner to produce hollow metal aircraft propellers with a method set out in their joint patent. By 1928 the company name had changed to Metal Propellers Ltd.  It remained active until at least 1930.

Bristol Tourer
The Bristol Tourer was a British civil utility biplane produced in the years following the First World War, using as much as possible from the design of the Bristol Fighter aircraft. Bristol Tourers were delivered with a variety of engines, subject to availability and customer desires; these included the Rolls-Royce Falcon, Siddeley Puma, Hispano-Suiza 8, and Wolseley Viper. Many Tourers were fitted with a canopy to cover the one or two passenger seats in the rear cockpit, giving the type its original name of Coupé. The pilot's cockpit, however, remained open.

Bristol Tourers operated by Western Australian Airways made the first scheduled airline services in Australia, commencing on 4 December 1921 between Perth and Geraldton.
Aulosphaera
Aulosphaera is a genus of Cercozoa. The genus contains bioluminescent species. It one of two known bioluminescent phaeodarean genera (formerly thought to be radiolarians), the other being Tuscaridium. The described bioluminescent species is Aulosphaera triodon Haeckel, 1887.

Radiolaria
The Radiolaria, also called Radiozoa and informally called radiolarians, are unicellular eukaryotes of diameter 0.1–0.2 mm that produce intricate mineral skeletons, typically with a central capsule dividing the cell into the inner and outer portions of endoplasm and ectoplasm. The elaborate mineral skeleton is usually made of silica. They are found as zooplankton throughout the global ocean. As zooplankton, radiolarians are primarily heterotrophic, but many have photosynthetic endosymbionts and are, therefore, considered mixotrophs. The skeletal remains of some types of radiolarians make up a large part of the cover of the ocean floor as siliceous ooze. Due to their rapid change as species and intricate skeletons, radiolarians represent an important diagnostic fossil found from the Cambrian onwards.
TRAPPIST-1g
TRAPPIST-1g is an exoplanet orbiting around the ultra-cool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, located 40.7 light-years (12.5 parsecs) away from Earth in the constellation Aquarius. It was one of four new exoplanets to be discovered orbiting the star in 2017 using observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope. The exoplanet is within the optimistic habitable zone of its host star. It was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured.

The second-most-distant-known planet in its system, TRAPPIST-1g is a planet somewhat larger than Earth and with a similar density, meaning it is likely a rocky planet.

Methods of detecting exoplanets
Methods of detecting exoplanets usually rely on indirect strategies – that is, they do not directly image the planet but deduce its existence from another signal. Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star. For example, a star like the Sun is about a billion times as bright as the reflected light from any of the planets orbiting it. In addition to the intrinsic difficulty of detecting such a faint light source, the glare from the parent star washes it out. For those reasons, very few of the exoplanets reported as of June 2025 have been detected directly, with even fewer being resolved from their host star.
René Audran
René Audran (1929 – Jan 25, 1985) was a senior official of the French Ministry of Defence who was responsible for managing the country's foreign arms sales. He is known for being assassinated on 25 January 1985 by the armed group Action directe (AD) in front of his residence in La Celle-Saint-Cloud.

La Celle-Saint-Cloud
La Celle-Saint-Cloud (French pronunciation: [la sɛl sɛ̃ klu] ⓘ) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. It is a western outer suburb of Paris, 15.6 km (9.7 mi) from its centre, on the departmental border with Hauts-de-Seine.
Pelargonium acetosum
Pelargonium acetosum, the sorrel cranesbill or sorrel-leaved pelargonium, is a species of flowering plant in the family Geraniaceae, native to the eastern Cape Provinces of South Africa. A perennial reaching 60 cm (24 in) with salmon‑pink flowers, it is available from commercial suppliers. The sour‑tasting young leaves are eaten in South Africa in a manner similar to sorrel (Rumex acetosa).

Geraniaceae
Geraniaceae is a family of flowering plants placed in the order Geraniales. The family name is derived from the genus Geranium. The family includes both the genus Geranium (the cranesbills, or true geraniums) and the garden plants called geraniums, which modern botany classifies as genus Pelargonium, along with other related genera.

The family comprises 830 species in five to seven genera. The largest genera are Geranium (430 species), Pelargonium (280 species) and Erodium (80 species).
Ruricius Pompeianus
Ruricius Pompeianus (died 312 in Verona) was Praetorian prefect and Commander of cavalry and infantry under Maxentius, Western Roman Emperor. While guarding the Adige and Po Rivers with the ample and well-directed forces of the province of Venetia, Pompeianus was killed by Constantine I's troops during the desperately fought Battle of Verona (312).

Pompeianus is mentioned only briefly in two accounts of Constantine's campaign against Maxentius. In a panegyric from the year 313, he is called "Pompeianus". In the second source, also one of the Panegyrici Latini, by Nazarius, his name is given as "Ruricius". As it is clearly the same person, the conflict is usually resolved by combining the names into "Ruricius Pompeianus".

Nazarius (rhetorician)
Nazarius, (fl. 4th century CE), was a Roman and a Latin rhetorician and panegyrist. He was, according to Ausonius, a professor of rhetoric at Burdigala (Bordeaux).

The extant speech of which he is undoubtedly the author (in R.A.B. Mynors, XII Panegyrici Latini, Oxford 1964, No. 4; English translation in C.E.V. Nixon / Barbara Rodgers, In Praise of Later Roman Emperors, Berkeley 1994) was delivered in 321 CE to celebrate the fifteenth anniversary of the accession of Constantine the Great, and the fifth of his son Constantine's admission to the rank of Caesar. The preceding speech (No. 12), celebrating the victory of Constantine over Maxentius, delivered in 313 CE at Augusta Treverorum (Trier), has often been attributed to Nazarius, but the difference in style and vocabulary, and the more distinctly Christian coloring of Nazarius's speech, are against this.
Dress Your Family in Corduroy and Denim
Dress Your Family in Corduroy and Denim is a collection of  essays by American humorist David Sedaris. It was released in the United States by Little, Brown and Company on June 1, 2004. The essays detail the author's upbringing in Raleigh, North Carolina, his relationships with family members, and his work and life in both New York City and France.

The book received praise upon its release, with critics from such publications as The New York Times and Entertainment Weekly highlighting its focus on Sedaris's family as the heart of the entire collection. Reviews also noted an evolution in Sedaris's writing, finding Dress Your Family in Corduroy and Denim's essays to be more introspective, somber, adult, and emotionally resonant than the author's earlier, more hyperbolic material. The book debuted at No. 1 on The New York Times Best Seller list for Hardcover nonfiction and won the 2004 Lambda Literary Award for Humor.

Little, Brown and Company
Little, Brown and Company is an American publishing company founded in 1837 by Charles Coffin Little and James Brown in Boston. It publishes works by American authors. Early lists featured Emily Dickinson's poetry and Bartlett's Familiar Quotations. Since 2006, Little, Brown and Company is a division of the Hachette Book Group.