hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2003 Tuzla Island conflict
A dispute over Tuzla Island in the Kerch Strait arose between Russia and Ukraine in 2003, sparked by unannounced Russian construction of a causeway from their side of the strait toward the island, which is Ukrainian territory. Russians offered various reasons for building the causeway, but Ukraine saw it as a threat to their territorial integrity. The dispute raised fears of an armed confrontation, but a settlement was negotiated.

Causeway
A causeway is a track, road or railway on the upper point of an embankment across "a low, or wet place, or piece of water". It can be constructed of earth, masonry, wood, or concrete. One of the earliest known wooden causeways is the Sweet Track in the Somerset Levels, England, which dates from the Neolithic age. Timber causeways may also be described as both boardwalks and bridges.
Westside Story (song)
"Westside Story" is the debut single by American rapper and West Coast hip hop artist the Game. The song was produced by both Dr. Dre and Scott Storch, and was co-written by Mike Elizondo, Dre, Storch, the Game and 50 Cent. It was released in 2004 as the lead single from Game's debut studio album The Documentary. The song debuted at #99 and peaked at #93 on the Billboard Hot 100. It was an airplay-only release, thus no music video for the song was made. Rolling Stone's review of the album described this song as "a kind of L.A. version of "In da Club". The Game has stated that this song is a tribute to Tupac Shakur, with a direct reference to him, saying "I got +California Love+ fuckin' bitches to that Pac shit." The Game also makes references to Tupac's songs, California Love and Against All Odds. Other references include: Nate Dogg, Tha Dogg Pound (D.P.G.) and their song New York, Westside Connection, Michael Jackson and his album Thriller, DJ Pooh and Kool G Rap.

Kool G Rap
Nathaniel Thomas Wilson (born July 20, 1968), better known by his stage name Kool G Rap (or simply G Rap), is an American rapper. He began his career in the mid-1980s as one half of the group Kool G Rap & DJ Polo and as a member of the Juice Crew. He is widely considered to be one of the most influential and skilled MCs of all time, and a pioneer of mafioso rap/street/hardcore content and multisyllabic rhyming. On his album The Giancana Story, he stated that the "G" in his name stands for "Giancana" (after the mobster Sam Giancana), but on other occasions he has stated that it stands for "Genius".

He has also been cited as a major influence on some of hip-hop's most critically acclaimed figures, such as the Notorious B.I.G., Nas, Eminem and Jay-Z, as well as many underground rappers.
Jeux sans frontières season 28
The 28th season of the international television game show Jeux sans frontières was held in the summer of 1997. Broadcasters from France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, and Switzerland participated in the competition coordinated by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). MTV hosted all heats at the Óbuda Esplanade in Budapest (Hungary). RTP hosted the final in Lisbon, Portugal. The head international referee in charge of supervising the competition was Denis Pettiaux.

The season was won by the team from Amadora, Portugal, being the runner-up the team from Val di Sole, Italy.

Amadora
Amadora (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐmɐˈðoɾɐ] ⓘ), officially City of Amadora (Portuguese: Cidade da Amadora), is a city and municipality in the northwest of the Lisbon metropolitan area and 10 km from central Lisbon. The population in 2011 was 175,136, in an area of 23.78 km2 (9.2 sq mi). It is the fourth biggest and most densely populated city in Portugal.
El Camino, California
El Camino (Spanish for "The Path") is a rural community and irrigation district near Gerber in Tehama County, in the U.S. state of California. As a special district, the El Camino Irrigation District is owned by local residents who govern it through locally elected board members.

Historically, the district was a subdivision, in California law, of what used to be the Finnell Ranch, which in the early 20th century was part of the El Camino Colony.

Special district (United States)
Special districts (also known as special service districts, special district governments, or limited purpose entities) are independent, special-purpose governmental units that exist separately from local governments such as county, municipal, and township governments, with substantial administrative and fiscal independence. They are formed to perform a single function or a set of related functions. The term special district governments as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau excludes school districts. In 2017, the U.S. had more than 51,296 special district governments.
Bantle
Bantle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ernst Bantle (1901–1978), a German football player

Louis F. Bantle (1928–2010), an American businessman

Nadezhda Bantle (1851–1934), a Belarusian physician

Louis F. Bantle
Louis Francis Bantle (November 22, 1928 – October 10, 2010) was an American business executive who led UST Inc. and its U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company subsidiary, overseeing a dramatic rise in the popularity of its Copenhagen and Skoal brands of dipping tobacco, as well as introducing versions of its tobacco products such as Skoal Bandits that became popular with young men in the United States taking 80% of the country's market for chewing tobacco.
Ezekiel Holmes
Ezekiel Holmes (August 21, 1801 – February 9, 1865) was an American agriculturalist and politician known as the "father of Maine agriculture". Holmes secured the establishment of the University of Maine as an independent institution located in Orono, Maine.

Holmes served four consecutive single-year terms in the Maine House of Representatives from 1836 to 1840. He served two single year terms in the Maine Senate in 1844 and 1845 before returning to the House for two terms in 1851 and 1852. He was the nominee of the Liberty Party for governor in 1853 and 1854. He lost to Whig William G. Crosby both times.

Holmes was born in Kingston, Massachusetts in 1801 and graduated from Brown University in 1821 and Bowdoin College's medical school in 1824. He died in Winthrop, Maine in 1865.

Maine Senate
44°18′26″N 69°46′54″W﻿ / ﻿44.307138°N 69.781586°W﻿ / 44.307138; -69.781586

The Maine Senate is the upper house of the Maine Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. The Senate currently consists of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, though the Maine Constitution allows for "an odd number of Senators, not less than 31 nor more than 35". Unlike the lower House, the Senate does not set aside nonvoting seats for Native tribes.  Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine Senate usually have outside employment as well.

The Senate meets at the Maine State House in Augusta. Members are limited to four consecutive terms with each term being two years but may run again after a two-year wait.
Bohumil Kosour
Bohumil Kosour (5 March 1913 – 24 April 1997) was a Czech soldier and skier.

Kosour was born in Radňovice. He was a member of the national Olympic military patrol team in 1936 which placed eighth. He also took part at the 18 km cross-country ski and the Nordic combined event of the 1948 Winter Olympics. In a row from 1939 to 1942 and in 1949 he placed first at the Zlatá lyže ('Golden Ski') cross-country ski race in his hometown, which was primarily carried out for the first time in 1934.

Nordic combined at the 1948 Winter Olympics
Nordic combined at the 1948 Winter Olympics consisted of one event, held from 31 January to 1 February. The ski jumping portion took place at Olympiaschanze St. Moritz, while the cross-country portion took place around the hills of St. Moritz.
Roy Thompson Jr.
Roy Thompson Jr. (born c. 1984) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Arkansas Tech University, a position he has held since 2025. He also coached for Highland (KS), Belhaven, Ouachita Baptist, and Mendocino. He played college football for Belhaven as a defensive lineman.

Arkansas Tech University
Arkansas Tech University (ATU) is a public university in Russellville, Arkansas, United States. The university offers programs at both baccalaureate and graduate levels in a range of fields. The Arkansas Tech University–Ozark Campus, a two-year satellite campus in the town of Ozark, primarily focuses on associate and certificate education.
Portrait of the Gozzadini Family
Portrait of the Gozzadini Family (Italian: La Famiglia Gozzadini) (never formally titled) is a 1584 oil on canvas painting by Bolognese artist Lavinia Fontana. It hangs in the Pinacoteca Nazionale, in Bologna.

Pinacoteca Nazionale di Bologna
The National Art Gallery of Bologna (Pinacoteca Nazionale di Bologna) is a museum in Bologna, Italy. It is located in the former Saint Ignatius Jesuit novitiate of the city's University district, and inside the same building that houses the Academy of Fine Arts. The museum offers a wide collection of Emilian paintings from the 13th to the 18th century and other fundamental works by artists who were in some way related to the city.
Frederick and Catherine
"Frederick and Catherine" (also called "Freddy and Katy Lizzy") is a German fairy tale collected by the Brothers Grimm in Grimm's Fairy Tales, number 59.

It combines several Aarne-Thompson types: 1387, A Woman Draws Beer in the Cellar; 1385*, A Woman Loses Her Husband's Money; 1291B, A Fool Greeses the Cracked Earth with Butter; 1291, Sending One Cheese After Another; 1653A, Securing the Door; 1653, The Robbers under the Tree; 1383, A Woman Does Not Know Herself; and 1791, Dividing Up the Dead.

Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index
The Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index (ATU Index) is a catalogue of folktale types used in folklore studies. The ATU index is the product of a series of revisions and expansions by an international group of scholars: Originally published in German by Finnish folklorist Antti Aarne (1910), the index was translated into English, revised, and expanded by American folklorist Stith Thompson (1928, 1961), and later further revised and expanded by German folklorist Hans-Jörg Uther (2004). The ATU index is an essential tool for folklorists, used along with the Thompson (1932) Motif-Index of Folk-Literature.
Ibn Battuta (Dubai Metro)
Ibn Battuta (Arabic: ابن بطوطة) is a rapid transit station on the Red Line of the Dubai Metro in Dubai, UAE, serving Jebel Ali and surrounding areas. The station is named after the nearby Ibn Battuta Mall.

The station opened as part of the Red Line on 30 April 2010.

Ibn Battuta station is located on the Sheikh Zayed Road between major junctions with the D59 and D591 roads. Nearby are the Ibn Battuta Mall, the Jebel Ali Recreation Club, and the IBN Battuta Bus Station immediately adjacent to the station. Surrounding communities include Jabal Ali 1 and Jabal Ali 2. The station is close to a number of bus routes.

During January 2018 to April 2019, the Red Line between the DMCC and Ibn Battuta stations was closed for an extension to the Dubai Metro system.

E 11 road (United Arab Emirates)
E 11 (Arabic: شارع ﺇ ١١) is a highway in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The longest road in the Emirates, it stretches from the Al Batha border crossing at the Saudi Arabia–UAE border in al-Silah in the al-Dhafra region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and ends at the Oman–UAE border crossing of al-Darah in al-Jeer, Emirate of Ras al-Khaimah, running roughly parallel to UAE's coastline along the Persian Gulf. The road forms the main artery in some emirates' main cities, where it assumes various alternate names —Sheikh Maktoum Bin Rashid Road and Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Road in Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Zayed Road in Dubai, Al Ittihad Road in Sharjah and Ajman, and Sheikh Muhammad bin Salem Road in Ras Al Khaimah. E 11 used to have the highest posted speed limit on Earth at 160 km/h, but was reduced to 140 km/h on April 14, 2025.
Milyeannup National Park
Milyeannup National Park is a national park in the South West region of Western Australia, 309 km (192 mi) south of Perth. It is located in the Shire of Nannup, bordering the Hilliger National Park. The park is located in the Jarrah Forest bioregion.

Milyeannup National Park was created as Class A reserve No. 47669 on 30 November 2004 with a size of 18,692 hectares (46,190 acres) as one of nine national parks proclaimed in the state that day.

Shire of Nannup
The Shire of Nannup is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, approximately 280 kilometres (174 mi) south of the state capital, Perth and 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of the coastal resort town of Busselton. Its seat of government is the town of Nannup, where about half of the Shire's population reside.

The Shire has a land area of 2,935 square kilometres (1,133 sq mi), about 85% of which is covered in hardwood jarrah, karri and marri forests, while the southern coastline is mostly within the D'Entrecasteaux National Park.
Yunnanilus longibulla
Yunnanilus longibulla is a species of ray-finned fish, a stone loach, in the genus Yunnanilus. The type locality for this species is Chenghai Lake in Yunnan. The specific name longibulla means "long bubble" and refers to the elongated shape of the swim bladder compared to closely related species.

Chenghai Lake
Chenghai Lake (Chinese: 程海; pinyin: Chénghaǐ) is a mesotrophic plateau lake in Yunnan Province, China. The lake has a total area of about 77.22 square kilometres (29.81 sq mi). The average depth is 25.7 metres (84 ft), with an elevation of 1,503 metres (4,931 ft). the water storage capacity is about 19.87×108m3 (i.e about 2 billion m³ or 2 km³). Chenghai Lake is one of only three lakes in the world where Spirulina is found naturally.
1976 NCAA Skiing Championships
The 1976 NCAA Skiing Championships were contested at Sunday River ski area, near the town of Newry, Maine, at the 23rd annual NCAA-sanctioned ski tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate alpine, cross country skiing, and ski jumping in the United States.

Four-time defending champion Colorado, coached by alumnus Bill Marolt, finished tied with Dartmouth, coached by Jim Page, atop the team standings, with 112 points each, and shared the team national championship. Both teams finished a mere four points ahead of third-place Vermont, a point ahead of Wyoming; this was the seventh title for the Buffaloes and the second for the Big Green.

Vermont Catamounts
The Vermont Catamounts are the varsity intercollegiate athletic programs of the University of Vermont, based in Burlington, Vermont, United States. The school sponsors 18 athletic programs (8 men's, 10 women's), most of which compete in the NCAA Division I America East Conference (AEC), of which the school has been a member since 1979. The men's and women's ice hockey programs compete in Hockey East. The men's and women's alpine and nordic skiing teams compete in the Eastern Intercollegiate Ski Association (EISA). The school's athletic director is Jeff Schulman.

The Catamounts have won seven national championships, 6 in skiing and 1 in men's soccer. The program's mascot is Rally and colors are green and gold.
Ghamka Pailaharu
Ghamka Pailaharu (Nepali: घामका पाइलाहरू) is a 1979 Nepali novel by Dha. Cha. Gotame. The novel depicts the day–to–day life of a nameless town in Tarai region of Nepal, loosely based on Birgunj. Gotame grew up in Birgunj and used the town as the novel's setting. The newly settled town is situated in southern part of central region of Nepal, beside a railway station of the first Nepalese railway (now defunct Nepal Government Railway).

It was originally published in 1979 (2035 BS) by the Sajha Prakashan and won the Madan Puraskar for the same year. The sequel of the novel Yaha Dekhi Tyaha Samma was published in 1984 (2040 BS).

Sajha Publications
Sajha Publications (Nepali: साझा प्रकाशन, romanized: Sajha Prakashan, lit. 'Common Publication') is the oldest publishing house of Nepal. It was established in 1913 and is funded by the Government of Nepal. Headquartered in Lalitpur, it has regional branches in Biratnagar, Pokhara, Nepalgunj and Dhangadi.

Litterateur and former bureaucrat Prahlad Pokhrel is the general manager of the publishing house.
Liang Yushuai
Liang Yushuai (Chinese: 梁育帅, born 10 September 2000) is a Chinese taekwondo practitioner. He won the gold medal in the men's bantamweight event at the 2022 World Taekwondo Championships held in Guadalajara, Mexico. He also won the silver medal in his event at the 2022 Asian Taekwondo Championships held in Chuncheon, South Korea.

In 2019, he won the silver medal in the 58 kg event at the Military World Games held in Wuhan, China.

At the 2024 Summer Olympics, Liang won a bronze medal in the men's –68 kg event.

Chuncheon
Chuncheon (Korean: 춘천; Hanja: 春川市; Korean pronunciation: [tɕʰun.tɕʰʌn]; literally spring river), formerly spelled as Ch'unch'ŏn, is the capital of the state of Gangwon, South Korea. The city lies in the north of the country, located in a basin formed by the Soyang River and Han River. There are some large lakes around the city, most notably Soyang Lake and Uiam Lake (or Uiam Dam). The area has small river islands, such as Sangjungdo, Ha-Jungdo, Bungeodo, and Wido.

It is a popular destination among East Asian tourists as it was featured in the popular South Korean TV drama Winter Sonata. It is where the resort island of Namiseom is located. Also, Gangwon Provincial Office is located in the city.
Eddie Hamilton
Eddie Hamilton is a British film editor. He is a member of the American Cinema Editors. He is a frequent collaborator with directors Matthew Vaughn and Christopher McQuarrie.

After his collaboration with actor Tom Cruise on the Mission Impossible film series, Cruise recommended to director Joseph Kosinski that Hamilton edit their film Top Gun: Maverick. For his work on the film, Hamilton was nominated for numerous year-end awards, including the Academy Award and BAFTA Award.

Matthew Vaughn
Sir Matthew Allard de Vere Drummond (born Matthew Allard Robert Vaughn; 7 March 1971), also known as Sir Matthew Vaughn, is an English filmmaker. He has produced films including Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels (1998) and Snatch (2000), and directed Layer Cake (2004), Stardust (2007), Kick-Ass (2010), X-Men: First Class (2011), and Argylle (2024). Vaughn also co-created the Kingsman comic book series and resulting franchise, directing, producing and co-writing the films Kingsman: The Secret Service (2014), Kingsman: The Golden Circle (2017), and The King's Man (2021).
PEI FC
PEI FC, also known as Prince Edward Island Football Club, is a senior men's amateur soccer club from Charlottetown, PEI. The team is composed mainly of current and former UPEI Men's Soccer players. They were the 2008–2013 provincial representative for Prince Edward Island at the BMO Canadian National Soccer Championships and were the 2010 Challenge Cup champions.

Charlottetown
Charlottetown is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and the county seat of Queens County. Named after Queen Charlotte, Charlottetown was an unincorporated town until it was incorporated as a city in 1855.

It was the site of the famous Charlottetown Conference in 1864, the first gathering of Canadian and Maritime statesmen to discuss the proposed Maritime Union. This conference led, instead, to the union of British North American colonies in 1867, which was the beginning of the Canadian Confederation. Prince Edward Island, however, did not join Confederation until 1873. From this, the city adopted as its motto Cunabula Foederis, "Birthplace of Confederation".

The population of Charlottetown is estimated to be 40,500 (2022); this forms the centre of a census agglomeration of 83,063 (2021), which is roughly half of the province's population (160,302).
Stoneking
Stoneking is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Billy Marshall Stoneking (born 1947), Australian-American poet, playwright, filmmaker, and teacher

C. W. Stoneking (born 1974), Australian blues singer-songwriter and guitar and banjo player, son of the above

Dan Stoneking (1942–2007), American sports journalist

Mark Stoneking (born 1956), American geneticist

Mark Stoneking
Mark Stoneking (born 1 August 1956) is a geneticist currently working as the Group Leader of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, of Max Planck Gesellschaft at the University of Leipzig, Germany. He is also Honorary Professor of Biological Anthropology. He works in the field of human evolution, especially the genetic evolution, origin and dispersal of modern humans. He, along with his doctoral advisor Allan Wilson and a fellow researcher Rebecca L. Cann, contributed to the "Out of Africa" theory in 1987 by introducing the concept of Mitochondrial Eve, a hypothetical common mother of all living humans based on mitochondrial DNA.
Dingwall of Kildun
Dingwall or Dingwell is a Scottish surname. One of the most prominent families by the name of Dingwall in Scotland were the Dingwalls of Kildun who were vassals of the Earl of Ross and also septs of the Clan Munro, a Scottish clan of the Scottish Highlands.

Vassal
A vassal or liege subject is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe and elsewhere. While the subordinate party is called a vassal, the dominant party is called a suzerain. The rights and obligations of a vassal are called vassalage, while the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called suzerainty.
The obligations of a vassal often included military support by knights in exchange for certain privileges, usually including land held as a tenant or fief.

In contrast, fealty (fidelitas) is sworn, unconditional loyalty to a monarch.
Fatma Danabaş
Fatma Danabaş (born 28 January 1983) is a Turkish Paralympian archer competing in the Women's compound bow W1 event.
She is competing at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in the individual W1 and Mixed team W1 events.

She took the first place in the Mized Team W1 event with her teammaye Bahattin Hekimoğlu at the 7th Fazza Para Archery World Ranking Tournament in Dubai, United Arab Emirates in 2021.

At the 2022 World Para Archery Championships in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, she won the silver medal in the Women W1 Doubles event together with her teammate Nil Mısır.

Turkey at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
Turkey competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, Japan from 24 August to 5 September 2021. This was the country's seventh appearance in the past eight Games despite their absence in the 1996 Summer Paralympics.
Calgary, Mull
Calgary is a hamlet on the northwest coast of the Isle of Mull, in Argyll and Bute, Scotland, United Kingdom. The hamlet is within the parish of Kilninian and Kilmore. It was the origin of the name of Fort Calgary in Canada, which became the city of Calgary, Alberta.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.