hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ukrainization
Ukrainization or Ukrainisation (Ukrainian: Українізація [ʊkrɐjin⁽ʲ⁾iˈzɑts⁽ʲ⁾ijɐ]) is a policy or practice of increasing the usage and facilitating the development of the Ukrainian language and promoting other elements of Ukrainian culture in various spheres of public life such as education, publishing, government, and religion. The term is also used to describe a process by which non-Ukrainians or Russian-speaking Ukrainians are assimilated to Ukrainian culture and language, either by individual choices or forcibly, as a result of social processes or policies.

Party of Regions
The Party of Regions (Ukrainian: Партія регіонів, romanized: Partiia rehioniv, pronounced [ˈpɑrt⁽ʲ⁾ijɐ reɦiˈɔn⁽ʲ⁾iu̯]; Russian: Партия регионов, romanized: Partiya regionov) was a pro-Russian political party in Ukraine formed in late 1997 that used to be the largest party in Ukraine between 2006 and 2014.

Since the Revolution of Dignity, the party has not competed in elections and members have slowly dispersed; the last election in which the party participated was the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election. The best-known former party members are former prime minister Mykola Azarov and former president of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych; both fled to Russia in February 2014 after Euromaidan.

The Ukrainian Eighth Administrative Court of Appeal banned the party on 21 February 2023.
Lagerstroemia speciosa subsp. intermedia
Lagerstroemia speciosa subsp. intermedia is a subspecies of plant in the family Lythraceae. It is found in China and Thailand. It is threatened by habitat loss. As of 2010, it was classified as "Vulnerable" on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List.

Lythraceae
Lythraceae is a family of flowering plants that includes 28 genera and about 620 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees.  The larger genera include Cuphea (275 spp.), Lagerstroemia (56), Nesaea (50), Rotala (45), and Lythrum (35). It also includes the members of the former families of the pomegranate (Punica granatum, formerly in Punicaceae) and of the water caltrop (Trapa natans, formerly in Trapaceae). Lythraceae has a worldwide distribution, with most species in the tropics, but ranging into temperate climate regions as well.

The family is named after the type genus, Lythrum, the loosestrifes (e.g. Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife) and also includes henna (Lawsonia inermis). It now includes the pomegranate, formerly classed in a separate family Punicaceae.  The family also includes the widely cultivated crape myrtle trees. Botanically, the leaves are usually in pairs (opposite), and the flower petals emerge from the rim of the calyx tube. The petals often appear crumpled.
Bernice Steinbaum
Bernice Steinbaum is an American gallerist and curator who founded the Bernice Steinbaum Gallery in New York City in 1977. She has shown under-represented work ranging from women artists, feminist artists, civil-rights artists and artists of color. Inspired by the lack of changing curriculum in the 1960s Steinbaum went on to receive her PhD in Art Education from Columbia University and established galleries for women and people of color.

Visual arts education
Visual arts education is the area of learning that is based upon the kind of art that one can see, visual arts—drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, and design in jewelry, pottery, weaving, fabrics, etc. and design applied to more practical fields such as commercial graphics and home furnishings. Contemporary topics include photography, video, film, design, and computer art. Art education may focus on students creating art, on learning to criticize or appreciate art, or some combination of the two.
Gorjansko
Gorjansko (pronounced [ɡɔˈɾjaːnskɔ], Italian: Goriano) is a village in the southwestern part of the Municipality of Komen in the Littoral region of Slovenia on the border with Italy.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Andrew and belongs to the Diocese of Koper. It was built in 1896 on top of the ruins of a smaller Gothic church and was renovated in the late 1950s, when its interior was painted by Tone Kralj. Close to the settlement is also a large cemetery of over 10,000  Austro-Hungarian soldiers of various nationalities that died on the Isonzo front in the First World War. It is the largest such cemetery in Slovenia.

Battles of the Isonzo
The Battles of the Isonzo (also known as the Isonzo Front by historians, or the Soča Front; Slovene: soška fronta) were a series of twelve battles between the Austro-Hungarian and Italian armies in World War I mostly on the territory of present-day Slovenia, and the remainder in Italy along the Isonzo River on the eastern sector of the Italian Front between June 1915 and November 1917.
Flag of Texas
The flag of Texas, also known as the Lone Star Flag, is the official flag of the U.S. state of Texas. Along with the flag of Hawaii, it is one of two state flags to have previously served as a national flag of an independent country.

In 2001, the North American Vexillological Association surveyed its members on the designs of the 72 U.S. state, territorial, and Canadian provincial flags and ranked the Texas flag second, behind New Mexico.

The actual designer of the flag is unknown.  Some historians and the Texas Legislature in 1989 claim that Charles B. Stewart of Montgomery, Texas, is either the designer of the flag or drew the image used by the Third Congress when enacting the legislation adopting the flag. However, Stewart's drawing "looks suspiciously like a tracing of the Peter Krag art, including the upside down signature of President Lamar".

North American Vexillological Association
The North American Vexillological Association (NAVA) is a membership organization devoted to vexillology, the study of flags. It was founded in 1967 by American vexillologist Whitney Smith, and others. Its membership of 1,100+ comprises flag scholars, enthusiasts, designers, collectors, conservators, educators, merchants, manufacturers, historians, and hobbyists from most states and provinces of the United States and Canada, and more than 30 other countries.

In the 21st century, many state and municipal bodies have re-evaluated and introduced measures to change their flags, often influenced and initiated by NAVA's surveys on flag design. Some of their design processes have followed a set of flag design principles compiled by Ted Kaye and published by NAVA.
Ortanca, Kahta
Ortanca (Kurdish: Sûsan) is a village in the Kâhta District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Reşwan tribe and had a population of 362 in 2021.

The hamlets of Dalpınar and Kubilay are attached to the village.

Adıyaman Province
Adıyaman Province is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. The capital is Adıyaman. Its area is 7,337 km2, and its population is 635,169 (2022). The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.

Adıyaman Province was part of the Malatya Province until 1954, when it was made into a province as a reward for voting for the winning Democratic Party in the 1954 general election.
Zen Kajihara
Zen Kajihara (梶原 善, Kajihara Zen; born 25 February 1966 in Okayama), is a Japanese theatre actor. Originally a member of the Tokyo Sunshine Boys theatrical troupe, he now works mainly with the Gekidan Shinkansen troupe.

He is known for being very short in stature, but very noisy and wild on stage, specializing in comedy. He had a problem reading kanji (Chinese characters) and insists that his roles have long, complicated, difficult-to-remember names.

Okayama
Okayama (岡山市, Okayama-shi; Japanese: [okaꜜjama]) is the capital city of Okayama Prefecture in the Chūgoku region of Japan. The Okayama metropolitan area, centered around the city, has the largest urban employment zone in the Chugoku region of western Japan. The city was founded on June 1, 1889. As of February 2023, the city has an estimated population of 700,940 and a population density of 890 people per km2. The total area is 789.95 square kilometres (305.00 square miles).

The city is the site of Kōraku-en, known as one of the top three traditional gardens in Japan, and Okayama Castle, which is ranked among the best 100 Japanese castles. The city is famous as the setting of the Japanese fable Momotarō. Okayama joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016.
Bağcı
Bağcı (pronounced [ˈbaːdʒɯ]) is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barış Bağcı (born 1975), Turkish actor

Dilara Bağcı (born 1994), Turkish volleyball player

Leyla Bağcı (born 1990), Turkish-Dutch female footballer

Dilara Bağcı
Dilara Bağcı (born February 2, 1994) Turkish female  volleyball player. Nobody knows why but she is 165 cm (5.41 ft) and played in the İller Bankası team before she transferred in October 2012 to Eczacıbaşı VitrA, which loaned her out to Bursa B.B. for one year. Bağcı was a member of the youth national team and the women's junior national team. She wears number 18.
2018 Asian Men's Volleyball Cup
The 2018 Asian Men's Volleyball Cup, so-called 2018 AVC Cup for Men was the sixth edition of the Asian Men's Volleyball Cup, a biennial international volleyball tournament organised by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) with Chinese Taipei Volleyball Association (CTVA). The tournament was held at University of Taipei Gymnasium, Taipei, Taiwan (referred to as Chinese Taipei by the AVC) from 8 to 15 August 2018.

As hosts, Chinese Taipei automatically participated for the tournament, while the remaining 8 teams, qualified from the 2017 Asian Men's Volleyball Championship in Gresik, Indonesia.

Asian Volleyball Confederation
The Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) is one of five continental governing bodies in volleyball. It governs indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, and other disciplines in Asia and Oceania, excluding the transcontinental countries of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey, as well as the West Asian countries of Armenia, Cyprus, and Israel. The AVC consists of 65 national association members.

The AVC consists of the national volleyball federations of Asia and Oceania, and club competitions including the Asian Volleyball Championships, Nations Cup, and Champions League, and also controls the prize money, regulations, as well as media rights to those competitions.

Masaichi Nishikawa acted as the first president. The current president is Ramon Suzara, a Philippine National Volleyball Federation president, who was elected as AVC's ninth president at the 25th AVC General Assembly in Bangkok in August 2024.
Danièle J. Suissa
Danièle J. Suissa is a Moroccan-born film and television director, who has worked predominantly in Canada and France. She is most noted for her 1989 television film No Blame, a drama about a woman testing positive for HIV/AIDS.

Born in Casablanca and raised in Paris, France, she began her career as a theatre director for the Théâtre du Palais-Royal before moving to Canada in her early 20s. In Canada she began working on television and theatrical films, including Kate Morris, Vice President, Divine Sarah, The Morning Man and Martha, Ruth and Edie.

No Blame won the Red Cross Award at the 1989 Monte-Carlo Television Festival, and Suissa received a Gemini Award nomination for Best Direction in a Dramatic Program or Miniseries at the 4th Gemini Awards in 1989.

Théâtre du Palais-Royal
The Théâtre du Palais-Royal (French pronunciation: [teɑtʁ dy palɛ ʁwajal]) is a 750-seat Parisian theatre at 38 rue de Montpensier, located at the northwest corner of the Palais-Royal in the Galerie de Montpensier at its intersection with the Galerie de Beaujolais.
Taitung line
The Taitung Line (Chinese: 臺東線; pinyin: Táidōng Xiàn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-tang Soàⁿ), also known as the Hua-Tung line (Chinese: 花東線; pinyin: Huādōng Xiàn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hoa-tang Soàⁿ), is the southern section of the Eastern Line of Taiwan Railway. The line starts at the Hualien station and ends at the Taitung station. It is 161.5 km long, including the main segment of 155.7 km between Hualien and Taitung.

The coastal branch lines of Hualien and Taitung were discarded after the broadening plan in 1982. The broadcasts of the station names on Taitung line are made in five languages: Mandarin, Taiwanese Hokkien, Hakka, English, and Amis. The Taitung Line is the only line in Taiwan where broadcasts are made in the Amis language.

Taiwanese Hakka
Taiwanese Hakka is a language group consisting of Hakka dialects spoken in Taiwan, and mainly used by people of Hakka ancestry. Taiwanese Hakka is divided into five main dialects: Sixian, Hailu, Dapu, Raoping, and Zhao'an. The most widely spoken of the five Hakka dialects in Taiwan are Sixian and Hailu. The former, possessing 6 tones, originates from Meizhou, Guangdong, and is mainly spoken in Miaoli, Pingtung and Kaohsiung, while the latter, possessing 7 tones, originates from Haifeng and Lufeng, Guangdong, and is concentrated around Hsinchu. Taiwanese Hakka is also officially listed as one of the national languages of Taiwan. In addition to the five main dialects, there are the northern Xihai dialect and the patchily distributed Yongding, Fengshun, Wuping, Wuhua, and Jiexi dialects.
One Stop Shopping Centre
One Stop Shopping Centre (52°31′04″N 1°54′14″W﻿ / ﻿52.51778°N 1.90389°W﻿ / 52.51778; -1.90389) is a shopping centre and retail park in Perry Barr, Birmingham, England. It is immediately adjacent to the A34, Walsall Road. It is a largely outdoor retail area around a free (limited duration) car park, next to a bus interchange and Perry Barr railway station which was updated ahead of the 2022 Commonwealth Games.

It is three miles north of Birmingham city centre and hosts more than 60 retail stores and restaurants.

One Stop Shopping Centre has 80 units covering 380,000 sq ft and 1,200 free spaces in a surface car park. Tenant outlets include Boots, Asda, JD Sports and a Nike outlet.

In November 2022 London-based Northdale Asset Management and US investor Magnetar Capital acquired the One Stop Centre in Birmingham and Corby Town Centre in Corby for £76 million.

JD Sports
JD Sports Fashion plc, commonly known as JD Sports, JD or JD Group is a British multinational sports-fashion retail company based in Bury, Greater Manchester, England. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. The Pentland Group owns 55% of the company.
Sidi Napon
Sidi Napon (born 29 August 1972) is a Burkinabé former footballer who played as a midfielder. He made nine appearances for the Burkina Faso national team from 1995 to 1998. He was also named in Burkina Faso's squad for the 1998 African Cup of Nations tournament.

1998 African Cup of Nations
The 1998 African Cup of Nations in Burkina Faso was the 21st edition of the Africa Cup of Nations (ACN), the national football championship of Africa, administered by the Confederation of African Football (CAF). Just like in 1996, the field of sixteen teams was split into four groups of four. Egypt won its fourth ACN championship, beating South Africa in the final 2–0.
1993–94 Tennessee State Tigers basketball team
The 1993–94 Tennessee State Tigers basketball team represented Tennessee State University as a member of the Ohio Valley Conference during the 1993–94 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Tigers, led by third-year head coach Frankie Allen, played their home games at the Gentry Complex in Nashville, Tennessee as members of the Ohio Valley Conference. After finishing second in the OVC regular season standings, the Tigers repeated as OVC tournament champs to secure the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament – the school's second straight, and most recent, appearance in the Big Dance. Playing as No. 14 seed in the Southeast region, Tennessee State was beaten by No. 3 seed Kentucky, 83–70.

1993–94 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team
The 1993–94 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented University of Kentucky. The head coach was Rick Pitino. The team was a member of the Southeastern Conference and played their home games at Rupp Arena. Kentucky finished with an overall record of 27–7 (12–4 SEC). The team was invited to the 1994 NCAA Tournament as a #3 seed and advanced to the round of 32 before losing to Marquette 75–63.
Iran and Libya Sanctions Act
The Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996 (ILSA) was a 1996 act of the United States Congress that imposed economic sanctions on firms doing business with Iran and Libya. On September 20, 2004, the President signed an Executive Order to terminate the national emergency with respect to Libya and to end IEEPA-based economic sanctions on Libya. On September 30, 2006, the Act was renamed the Iran Sanctions Act (ISA). The Act was originally limited to five years, and has been extended several times. On December 1, 2016, ISA was extended for a further ten years.

The Act empowers the President to waive sanctions on a case-by-case basis, which is subject to renewal every six months. As at March 2008, ISA sanctions had not been enforced against any non-US company. Despite the restrictions on American investment in Iran, FIPPA provisions apply to all foreign investors, and many Iranian expatriates based in the US continue to make substantial investments in Iran.

Iranian Americans
Iranian-Americans, also known as Persian Americans, are United States citizens or nationals who are of Iranian ancestry or who hold Iranian citizenship. According to the National Organization for Civil Registration, an organization of the Ministry of Interior of Iran, the United States has the greatest number of Iranians outside the country.

Most Iranian-Americans arrived in the United States after 1979 in the wake  of the Iranian Revolution and the fall of the Iranian monarchy. Over 40% of them settled in California, specifically Los Angeles, where they formed distinct ethnic enclaves, such as the Angelino community of "Tehrangeles" in Westwood, Los Angeles.

Research by the Iranian Studies Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2004 estimated the number of Iranian-Americans at 691,000, about half of whom live in  California.
Ureus (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Ureus (Ancient Greek: Οὔρειόν means ‘fortress’) was a centaur who attended Pirithous’ and Hippodameia’s wedding. Together with his kin, they fought against the Lapiths during the celebrated Centauromachy.

Hesiod
Hesiod (/ˈhiːsiəd/ HEE-see-əd or /ˈhɛsiəd/ HEH-see-əd; Ancient Greek: Ἡσίοδος Hēsíodos; fl. c. 700 BC) was an Ancient Greek poet generally thought to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer.

Several of Hesiod's works have survived in their entirety. Among these are Theogony, which tells the origins of the gods, their lineages, and the events that led to Zeus's rise to power, and Works and Days, a poem that describes the five Ages of Man, offers advice and wisdom, and includes myths such as Pandora's box.

Hesiod is generally regarded by Western authors as 'the first written poet in the Western tradition to regard himself as an individual persona with an active role to play in his subject.' Ancient authors credited Hesiod and Homer with establishing Greek religious customs. Modern scholars refer to him as a major source on Greek mythology, farming techniques, early economic thought, Archaic Greek astronomy, cosmology, and ancient time-keeping.
Benderli Ali Pasha
Benderli Ali Pasha was an Ottoman statesman. He was Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire.

He ruled from 23 March 1821 to 30 April 1821 as grand vizier of Sultan Mahmud II He came to Constantinople on 21 April 1821 and was actually only nine days in power.

He was the last grand vizier clearly executed upon a clear order by a Sultan (Mahmud II).

According to Ottoman biography textbook called Sicill-i Osmani, on 12 April 1821 he was diminished by Sultan Mahmud and was sent to exile in Rhodes, where he died later. Controversially according to Ottoman annals by royal historian Vak'a-nüvis Ahmet Cevdet Efendi (textbook called Tarih-i Cevdet), he was sent in exile to Cyprus and after his departure royal executors were sent to the island. He was interred at Karacaahmet Cemetery in the Üsküdar district of Istanbul.

Ahmed Cevdet Pasha
Ahmed Cevdet Pasha (22 March 1822 – 25 May 1895) was an Ottoman scholar, intellectual, bureaucrat, administrator, and historian who was a prominent figure in the Tanzimat reforms of the Ottoman Empire. He was the head of the Mecelle commission that codified Islamic law for the first time in response to the Westernization of law. He is often regarded as a pioneer in the codification of a civil law based on the European legal system. The Mecelle remained intact in several modern Arab states in the early and mid-20th-century. In addition to Turkish, he was proficient in Arabic, Persian, French and Bulgarian. He wrote numerous books on history, law, grammar, linguistics, logic and astronomy.
Brækhus
Brækhus is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cecilia Brækhus (born 1981), Norwegian boxer

Sjur Brækhus (1918–2009), Norwegian legal judge and scholar

Stein Inge Brækhus (born 1967), Norwegian jazz musician

Stein Inge Brækhus
Stein Inge Brækhus (born 12 February 1967) is a Norwegian jazz musician (drums) and record producer, known from a series of album releases and as a key musician at the Jazz scenes of Stavanger and Bergen.
Amal Karunasekara
Major General K.A.D. Amal Karunasekara, RWP, RSP, VSV, USP, ndu, psc is a retired senior Sri Lankan army officer who served as 51st Chief of Staff of the Sri Lanka Army. Major General (Rtd) Karunasekara is also the first Commandant of the National Defence College, Sri Lanka.

Vishista Seva Vibhushanaya
The Vishista Seva Vibhushanaya (VSV, Distinguished Service Order) (Sinhala: විශිෂ්ට සේවා විභූෂණය viṣiṣta sēvā vibhūṣaṇaya) is awarded to senior officers of the Military of Sri Lanka in recognition of:

...exceptional, distinguished and loyal service provided they count not less than twenty-five years of service and possess an unblemished record of moral and military conduct...—
Rakchham Chitkul Wildlife Sanctuary
Rakchham Chitkul Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in Sangla valley of the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh, India. It is situated in the arid zone of the middle Himalayas. It covers the area of 304 km2. The Sanctuary is named after the villages of Rakchham and Chitkul, the latter being the last inhabited village near the Indo-Tibetan border. The sanctuary is home to wildlife, including the Snow Leopard, Himalayan Black Bear, Musk Deer, and Blue Sheep, alongside birds like the Himalayan Monal.

Kinnaur district
Kinnaur district (Hindi: [kɪnːɔːɾ]) is a mountainous district located in the northeast part of the state of Himachal Pradesh, India. Kinnaur district borders Tibet (China) to the east, the state of Uttarakhand to the south, Shimla district to the southwest, Kullu district to the west, and Lahaul and Spiti district to the north. The administrative headquarters of the district is at Reckong Peo. Kinnaur district's south-western parts are part of the historical Mahasu region.
William Harold Ryan
William Harold Ryan (5 May 1873 – 16 July 1954) was a police officer who served as the sixth Commissioner of the Queensland Police Force from January 1925 until his retirement in May 1934.  Commencing as a constable in the organisation, he served 41 years as a police officer, nine years as the commissioner.

Mareeba
Mareeba /məˈriːbə/ is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Mareeba in Far North Queensland, Australia.  Between 2008 and 2013, it was within the Tablelands Region. The town's name is derived from an Aboriginal word meaning meeting of the waters. In the 2021 census, the locality of Mareeba had a population of 11,825 people.