hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
StrongARM
The StrongARM is a family of computer microprocessors developed by Digital Equipment Corporation and manufactured from the mid 1990s which implemented the ARM v4 instruction set architecture. It was acquired by Intel in 1997 from DEC's Digital Semiconductor division as part of a settlement of a lawsuit between the two companies over patent infringement. Intel continued to manufacture it before replacing it with a StrongARM-derived ARM-based architecture called XScale in the early 2000s.

Set-top box
A set-top box (STB), also known as a cable box, receiver, or simply box, and historically television decoder or a converter, is an information appliance device that generally contains a TV tuner input and displays output to a television set, turning the source signal into content in a form that can then be displayed on the television screen or other display device. It is designed to be placed alongside or "on top" (hence the name) of a television set.

Set-top boxes are used in cable television, satellite television, terrestrial television and Internet Protocol television systems, as well as other uses such as digital media players ("streaming boxes"). Alternatives to set-top boxes are the smaller dongles, and television sets with built-in TV tuners.
SDS-PAGE
SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) is a discontinuous electrophoretic system developed by Ulrich K. Laemmli which is commonly used as a method to separate proteins with molecular masses between 5 and 250 kDa. The combined use of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, also known as sodium lauryl sulfate) and polyacrylamide gel eliminates the influence of structure and charge, and proteins are separated by differences in their size. At least up to 2025, the publication describing it was the most frequently cited paper by a single author, and the second most cited overall - with over 259,000 citations.

Polyacrylamide
Polyacrylamide (abbreviated as PAM or pAAM) is a polymer with the formula (-CH2CHCONH2-). It has a linear-chain structure.  PAM is highly water-absorbent, forming a soft gel when hydrated. In 2008, an estimated 750,000,000 kg were produced, mainly for water treatment and the paper and mineral industries.
Léandre Lacroix
Léandre Lacroix (1 January 1859 – 28 March 1935) was a Luxembourgish politician and jurist.  He served as the Mayor of Luxembourg City between 1914 and 1918.  He was chosen by Grand Duchess Marie-Adelaide over his socialist rival Luc Housse, who would eventually succeed him in 1918.

Rue Léandre Lacroix is a street in Limpertsberg, Luxembourg City, named after him.

Limpertsberg
Limpertsberg (Luxembourgish: Lampertsbierg, pronounced [ˈlɑmpɐtsbi̯əɕ] ⓘ) is a district in north-western Luxembourg City, in the centre of Luxembourg.

As of 31 December 2025, Limpertsberg had a population of about 11,593 inhabitants.
Age of the Dragons
Age of the Dragons is a 2011 fantasy film directed by Ryan Little and starring Danny Glover and Vinnie Jones. A fantasy-themed reimagining of Herman Melville's classic 1851 novel, Moby Dick, it was released in the United Kingdom on March 4, 2011.

Corey Sevier
Corey Daniel Sevier (born July 3, 1984) is a Canadian actor, known for his role on the Fox television series North Shore as Gabriel McKay, as Timmy Cabot in Lassie and as Jay Barry Lee in Summer of the Monkeys.
Harvey Bialy
Harvey Bialy (born 1945, New York City, died July 1, 2020) was an American molecular biologist and AIDS denialist. He was one of the signatories to a letter to the editor by the "Group for the Scientific Reappraisal of the HIV-AIDS Hypothesis", which denied that HIV was the cause of AIDS, and was a member of the controversial and heavily criticized South African Presidential AIDS Advisory Panel convened by Thabo Mbeki in 2000. Bialy authored a scientific biography of Peter Duesberg, a fellow AIDS denialist, in 2004.

Letter to the editor
A letter to the editor (LTE) is a letter sent to a publication about an issue of concern to the reader. Usually, such letters are intended for publication. In many publications, letters to the editor may be sent either through conventional mail or electronic mail.

Letters to the editor are most frequently associated with newspapers and news magazines; however, they are sometimes published in other periodicals such as entertainment and technical magazines and academic journals. Radio and television stations may also receive such letters, which are sometimes read on the air, particularly on news commentary broadcasts or on talk radio. In this presentation form the letter to the editor can also be described as viewer mail or listener mail, depending on the medium.
Bergen Catholic High School
Bergen Catholic High School is an all-male Roman Catholic high school in Oradell, in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in ninth through twelfth grade.

Bergen Catholic operates under the supervision of the Archdiocese of Newark. The school draws students from a wide geographic area that includes over 100 North Jersey communities, Rockland, Orange, Westchester counties and New York City.

Tournament of Champions (NJSIAA)
The New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association Tournament of Champions (NJSIAA TOC) or more commonly referred to as the T of C, was a sports tournament for New Jersey high schools that determined which high school would be crowned as the #1 overall team in the state for each sport. It took the state champions from each group (see external links) and matched them up against one another, regardless of school size or enrollment status (public or private), to determine the top overall team in New Jersey.
Bougoufa
Bougoufa (also written Bou Goufa) is a village in the commune of Mih Ouensa, in Mih Ouensa District, El Oued Province, Algeria. The village is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southeast of Mih Ouensa and 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of the provincial capital El Oued.

El Oued Province
El Oued (Arabic: ولاية الوادي, Berber languages: ⴻⵍ oⵓⴻⴷ) is a Saharan province of Algeria (n° 39) dominated by Oued Souf. It was named after its eponymous capital. Notable towns include El Oued itself and Guemar.
Australia at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics
Australia is scheduled to compete at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics in Gangwon, South Korea, from 19 January to 1 February 2024, This will be Australia's fourth appearance at the Winter Youth Olympic Games, having competed at every Games since the inaugural edition in 2012.

The Australian team consisted of 47 athletes (16 men and 31 women) competing in eight sports. This was the largest ever team the country has sent to the Winter Youth Olympics. Freestyle skier Duncan Cowan and ice hockey player Tara Baker were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony.

Gangwon Province, South Korea
Gangwon Province (Korean: 강원도; RR: Gangwon-do), officially Gangwon State (강원특별자치도; lit. Gangwon Special Self-Governing Province), is a Special Self-Governing Province of South Korea. It is known as the largest and least densely populated subdivision of South Korea. Gangwon is one of the three provinces in South Korea with special self-governing status, the others being Jeju Province and Jeonbuk State. Gangwon is bordered on the east by the East Sea(Or Sea of Japan), it borders Gyeonggi Province to the west, North Gyeongsang Province and North Chungcheong Province to the south, and the Military Demarcation Line to the north, separating it from North Korea. In the 1945 division of Korea, the historical Gangwon Province was divided in half, and remains so to this day.

Pyeongchang County in Gangwon hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics and 2018 Winter Paralympics. Gangwon also hosted the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics.
Striking the colors
Striking the colors—meaning lowering the flag (the "colors") that signifies a ship's or garrison's allegiance—is a universally recognized indication of surrender, particularly for ships at sea. For a ship, surrender is dated from the time the ensign is struck.

Military colours, standards and guidons
In military organizations, the practice of carrying colours, standards, flags, or guidons, both to act as a rallying point for troops and to mark the location of the commander, is thought to have originated in Ancient Egypt some 5,000 years ago. The Roman Empire also made battle standards reading SPQR a part of their vast armies. It was formalized in the armies of Europe in the High Middle Ages, with standards being emblazoned with the commander's coat of arms.
1989 Belgium MiG-23 crash
On July 4, 1989, a pilotless MiG-23M Flogger-B jet fighter of the Soviet Air Forces crashed into a house in Bellegem, near Kortrijk, Belgium, killing one person. The pilot had ejected over an hour earlier near Kołobrzeg, Poland, after experiencing technical problems, but the aircraft continued flying for around 900 km (600 mi) before running out of fuel and crashing into the ground.

Soviet Air Forces
The Soviet Air Forces (Russian: Военно-Воздушные Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, romanized: Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily Soyuza Sovetskih Sotsialisticheskih Respublik, lit. 'Military Air Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics'; abbr. VVS SSSR; sometimes referred to as the "Red Air Force") was one of  two air forces belonging to the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces. The Air Forces were formed from components of the Imperial Russian Air Service in 1917, and faced their greatest test during World War II. The groups were also involved in the Korean War, and dissolved along with the Soviet Union itself in 1991–92. Former Soviet Air Forces' assets were subsequently divided into several air forces of former Soviet republics, including the new Russian Air Force. The "March of the Pilots" was its marching song.
Spirit Electricity
Spirit Electricity is an EP by American rock band Bad Brains, released by SST in 1991. It was recorded live in concert in 1987 during the same tour that spawned the live albums The Youth Are Getting Restless and Live. The EP includes several live classics as well as the only officially available live version of the rare "Return to Heaven."

Live (Bad Brains album)
Live is a live album by American rock band Bad Brains. It was recorded during a 1987 tour. "Day Tripper", a Beatles cover, appears on some editions. After the tour finished, the band commenced a series of departures, breakups, and reunions.
Nalin Wijesinghe
Nalin Wijesinghe (born 27 October 1979) is a Sri Lankan former cricketer. He played in 88 first-class and 58 List A matches between 1998/99 and 2016/17. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Sri Lanka Air Force Sports Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament.

Sri Lanka Air Force Sports Club (cricket)
The Sri Lanka Air Force Sports Club is the governing body for cricket in the Sri Lankan Air Forces. Its representative team, Sri Lanka Air Force cricket team, competes in Sri Lanka's domestic competition, the Premier Trophy.
Hideo Ochi
Hideo Ochi (born February 29, 1940, in Saijō, Japan) is a Japanese master of karate. He is ranked 9th Dan, and is a former Japan Karate Association (JKA) World Champion in kumite (sparring) and kata (patterns). He was also coach (European Championship in 1971, 1972 and 1975) of the German national team and Chief Instructor for JKA Europe. In 1997, he received the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Saijō, Ehime
Saijō (西条市, Saijō-shi) is a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2022, the city had an estimated population of 106,016 in 58,803 households and a population density of 210 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 509.98 square kilometres (196.90 sq mi).
Vive L'Empereur (painting)
Vive L'Empereur! is a history painting made retrospectively by French artist Édouard Detaille in 1891, based upon the cavalry charge of the French 4th Hussars during the Battle of Friedland. The actual battle had taken place on 14 June 1807, some 41 years before the artist's birth.

Édouard Detaille
Jean-Baptiste Édouard Detaille (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃batist‿edwaʁ dətaj]; 5 October 1848 – 23 December 1912) was a French academic painter and military artist noted for his precision and realistic detail. He was regarded as the "semi-official artist of the French army."
Texas State Highway Spur 122
Spur 122 is a 5.664-mile (9.115 km) spur route in the U.S. state of Texas that follows a former route of U.S. Highway 181 (US 181) in San Antonio. Spur 122 follows Presa Street from US 181 near the city limits on the southeast side of San Antonio towards the northwest ending at Loop 13 just east of the San Antonio River. The spur provides access to Mission San Francisco de la Espada and other parks along the banks of the San Antonio River.

Mission San Francisco de la Espada
Mission San Francisco de la Espada (also Mission Espada) is a Roman Rite Catholic mission established in 1690 by Spain and relocated in 1731 to present-day San Antonio, Texas, in what was then known as northern New Spain. The mission was built in order to convert local Native Americans to Christianity and solidify Spanish territorial claims in the New World against encroachment from France. Today, the structure is one of four missions that comprise San Antonio Missions National Historical Park.
New Millennium Writings
New Millennium Writings is an American literary magazine published in Knoxville, Tennessee. It is the second oldest literary magazine in Tennessee and has the largest circulation of any literary magazine in that state.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Kharkiv KhAI-5
The Kharkiv KhAI-5, (sometimes Neman R-10) was a Soviet reconnaissance and light bomber aircraft, designed in the mid-1930s in the Kharkiv Aviation Institute (KhAI, - in Ukrainian: ХАІ), under the direction of Iosif Grigorevich Nyeman (sometimes written as Neman).

Reconnaissance aircraft
A reconnaissance aircraft (colloquially, a spy plane) is a  military aircraft designed or adapted to perform aerial reconnaissance with roles including collection of imagery intelligence (including using photography), signals intelligence, as well as measurement and signature intelligence. Modern technology has also enabled some aircraft and UAVs to carry out real-time surveillance in addition to general intelligence gathering.

Before the development of devices such as radar, military forces relied on reconnaissance aircraft for visual observation and scouting of enemy movement.  An example is the PBY Catalina maritime patrol flying boat used by the Allies in World War II:  a flight of U.S. Navy Catalinas spotted part of the Japanese fleet approaching Midway Island, beginning the Battle of Midway.
ProjeKcts
The ProjeKcts are a succession of experimental spin-off groups associated with the band King Crimson.

The ProjeKcts were most active from 1997 to 1999, but have performed intermittently since. These earlier ProjeKcts, up to ProjeKct Six in 2006, were devoted to instrumental and heavily improvised music. All of them included King Crimson guitarist Robert Fripp, who described their purpose as being "research and development" for King Crimson. Two later spin-off projects were of a different nature, but both involving former King Crimson members.

Chapman Stick
The Chapman Stick is an electric musical instrument devised by Emmett Chapman in the early 1970s. A member of the guitar family, the Chapman Stick usually has ten or twelve individually tuned strings and is used to play bass lines, melody lines, chords, or textures. Designed as a fully polyphonic chordal instrument, it can also cover several of these musical parts simultaneously.

The Stick is available with passive or active pickup modules that are plugged into a separate instrument amplifier. With a special synthesizer pickup, it can be used to trigger synthesizers and send MIDI messages to electronic instruments.
Harald Sæther
Harald Sæther (born 9 May 1946) is a Norwegian composer with a diploma (MA) from Grieg Academy (2008) . He is member of the Norwegian Society of Composers and New Music Composers Group (NMK) where he was chairman from 2009 to 2011.

Diploma
A diploma is a document awarded by an educational institution (such as a college or university) testifying the recipient has graduated by successfully completing their courses of studies. Historically, it has also referred to a charter or official document of diplomacy.

The diploma (as a document certifying a qualification) may also be called a testamur, Latin for "we testify" or "certify" (testari), so called from the word with which the certificate begins; this is commonly used in Australia to refer to the document certifying the award of a degree. Alternatively, this document can simply be referred to as a degree certificate or graduation certificate, or as a parchment. The certificate that a Nobel laureate receives is also called a diploma.

The term diploma is also used in some historical contexts, to refer to documents signed by a monarch affirming a grant or tenure of specified land and its conditions (see Anglo-Saxon charters and diplomatics).
Cyril Davies (rugby union)
Cyril Allun Havard Davies (21 November 1936 — 21 July 2017) was a Welsh international rugby union player.

Born in Ammanford, Davies attended Amman Valley Grammar School and was a Wales Schools under-15s captain.

Davies, a centre, played his first-class rugby for Cardiff, Swansea and Llanelli. He won seven Wales caps in irregular appearances between 1957 and 1961, including a win against the visiting 1957/58 Wallabies side in Cardiff. Knee injuries plagued him during his career and a broken nose brought about his eventual retirement in 1964/65 season, having returned to his hometown club Ammanford, which he then served as coach.

Swansea RFC
Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team which plays in the Super Rygbi Cymru. The club play at St Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground in Swansea and are also known as The Whites, in reference to their home kit colours.
Say-Field-Coldwell syndrome
Say-Field-Coldwell syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder which consists of triphalangeal thumbs, brachydactyly, camptodactyly, regular dislocation of the patella and short stature. Only one affected woman and her (also affected) three daughters have been described in medical literature.

Camptodactyly
Camptodactyly is a medical condition that causes one or more digits (fingers or toes) to be permanently bent. It involves fixed flexion deformity of the proximal interphalangeal joints.

Camptodactyly can be caused by a genetic disorder. In that case, it is an autosomal dominant trait that is known for its incomplete genetic expressivity. This means that when a person has the genes for it, the condition may appear in both hands, one, or neither. A linkage scan proposed that the chromosomal locus of camptodactyly was 3q11.2-q13.12.
Rubus hawaiensis
Rubus hawaiensis, also called the ʻĀkala, is one of two species (with R. macraei) commonly known as Hawaiian raspberry, endemic to Hawaii.  It is found on the islands of Kauaʻi, Molokaʻi, Maui, O'ahu, and Hawaiʻi in mesic to wet forest at elevations of 600–3,070 m (1,970–10,070 ft). In most areas it is not common, but in some places (such as the upper Koʻolau Gap in Haleakalā and Laupāhoehoe Natural Area Reserve) it can be a dominant member of the understory vegetation.  Although similar to the other Hawaiian species, Rubus macraei, the two are believed to be derived from separate dispersals to Hawaii.

Laupāhoehoe, Hawaii
Laupāhoehoe is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hawaiʻi County, Hawaii, United States, in the District of North Hilo. The population was 581 at the 2010 census, up from 473 at the 2000 census. The community's name means "lava tip" and refers to the angular lava tip or cape formed by ancient pāhoehoe (smooth lava) flows which created the cape on which the community was built.
Mandela: The Living Legend
Mandela: The Living Legend is a 2003 BBC documentary on the life of activist Nelson Mandela. It is a two-part documentary created by Dominic Allan with a one-person crew. Writing for The Guardian, Kathryn Flett described the documentary as "reverent and occasionally revealing" but concluded that it "wasn't the most penetrating and wildly insightful documentary ever made". In a review of Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom in Grantland, Wesley Morris described Mandela: The Living Legend as "chillingly patient" and "perfectly narrated by David Dimbleby".

Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom
Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom is a 2013 biographical film directed by Justin Chadwick from a script written by William Nicholson and starring Idris Elba and Naomie Harris. The film is based on the 1994 autobiographical book Long Walk to Freedom by anti-apartheid revolutionary and former South African President Nelson Mandela.
Zlatko Saračević
Zlatan "Zlatko" Saračević (5 July 1961 – 21 February 2021) was a Croatian professional handball player and coach who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics for Yugoslavia and in the 1996 Summer Olympics for Croatia.

From the 2015 to 2017 World Championship he was a commentator on RTL Televizija together with Filip Brkić.

Following the domestic league match between RK Podravka, of which he was coach, and RK Lokomotiva, Saračević suffered a cardiac arrest and died in Koprivnica on 21 February 2021. He was 59.

2015 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2015 World Men's Handball Championship was the 24th staging of the World Men's Handball Championship, organised by the International Handball Federation (IHF). The final tournament was held for the first time in Qatar, from 15 January to 1 February 2015. The Qatari bid was selected over those of Norway, Poland and France after a vote by the IHF Council on 27 January 2011, in Malmö, Sweden. 
This was the third time that the World Championship was hosted in the Middle East And North Africa, after Egypt in 1999 and Tunisia in 2005.

France won the final against Qatar 25–22 to win their fifth title, a first in handball history while Qatar won their first ever medal.
Poland captured the bronze medal by defeating Spain 29–28 after extra time. Denmark secured the fifth place by winning against Croatia which finished sixth and thus had the worst result in the past 13 years of international handball competing.

The competition was marred by numerous controversies throughout.