hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Asli Demirguc-Kunt
Asli Demirgüç-Kunt is a Turkish economist. She is a non-resident Fellow at the Center for Global Development and a former chief economist of the Europe and Central Asia Region of The World Bank. During her 33-year career at The World Bank, she also served as the Director of Research, Director of Development Policy, and the Chief Economist of the Finance and Private Sector Development Network, conducting research and advising on financial and private sector development issues. She has authored more than 100 research papers, as well as books, is widely published in academic journals, and is among the most-cited researchers in the world. Demirgüç-Kunt has been named one of the top 10 women in economics as of June 2015 and one of the top 10 percent of Female Economists for her contributions to the field of economics.

Journal of Financial Economics
The Journal of Financial Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Elsevier, covering the field of finance. It is considered to be one of the premier finance journals.  According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 6.988. The journal was founded by Michael C. Jensen, Eugene Fama, and Robert C. Merton in 1974.
Isla Talcan Airport
Isla Talcan Airport (ICAO: SCIK) is an airstrip serving Isla Talcan, an island in the Gulf of Corcovado, in the Los Lagos Region of Chile.

The airstrip is on an isthmus connecting the east and west sections of the island. Approach and departure to either end of the runway are over the water.

The Chaiten VOR-DME (Ident: TEN) is 6.4 nautical miles (11.9 km) east-southeast of the airstrip.

Isthmus
An isthmus (/ˈɪs(θ)məs/ ISS-məs, ISTH-məs; pl.: isthmuses or isthmi /-maɪ/ -⁠my; from Ancient Greek ἰσθμός isthmós 'neck') is a narrow piece of land connecting two larger areas across an expanse of water by which they are otherwise separated. A tombolo is an isthmus that consists of a spit or bar, and a strait is the sea counterpart of an isthmus, a narrow stretch of sea between two landmasses that connects two larger bodies of water.
SR Class SL
The Southern Railway (SR) in the UK gave the designation SL to the fleet of AC overhead electric multiple units used on the South London Line between Victoria and London Bridge station. These had been built by the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway in 1909, but with the abandonment of the Elevated Electric service in 1928 they were converted to DC third rail units.

Overhead line
An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, electric multiple units, trolleybuses or trams. The generic term used by the International Union of Railways for the technology is overhead line. It is known variously as overhead catenary, overhead contact line (OCL), overhead contact system (OCS), overhead equipment (OHE), overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE), overhead lines (OHL), overhead wiring (OHW), traction wire, and trolley wire.

An overhead line consists of one or more wires (or rails, particularly in tunnels) situated over rail tracks, raised to a high electrical potential by connection to feeder stations at regularly spaced intervals along the track. The feeder stations are usually fed from a high-voltage electrical grid.
Elżbieta Helena Sieniawska
Elżbieta Helena Sieniawska (née Lubomirska; 1669 – 21 March 1729) was a Polish noblewoman, Grand Hetmaness of the Crown (hetmanowa wielka koronna), and a renowned patron of the arts.

An influential woman politician in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during the reign of Augustus II the Strong, she was deeply embroiled in the Great Northern War and in Rákóczi's War for [Hungarian] Independence.

She was considered the most powerful woman in the Commonwealth and was called "the uncrowned Queen of Poland".

Rákóczi's War of Independence
Rákóczi's War of Independence (1703–1711) was one of the most significant attempts to topple the rule of the Habsburgs over Hungary. The war was conducted by a group of noblemen and wealthy and high-ranking progressives and was led by Francis II Rákóczi; resigned soldiers and peasants also fought alongside the noblemen. The insurrection was unsuccessful, ending with the Treaty of Szatmár, but the Hungarian nobility managed to satisfy some of the Hungarian interests.
Presidency of Shimon Peres
The Presidency of Shimon Peres, the ninth President of Israel, began after the 2007 Israeli presidential election on 13 June 2007 in which Peres defeated Reuven Rivlin and Colette Avital. Peres was sworn in as President on 15 July 2007. and served until Reuven Rivlin was sworn in as his successor on 24 July 2014.

Peres was 90 years old when his presidency ended, which made him at the time the world's oldest head of state.

Reuven Rivlin
Reuven "Ruvi" Rivlin (Hebrew: רְאוּבֵן "רוּבִי" רִיבְלִין [ʁeʔuˈven ʁivˈlin] ⓘ; born 9 September 1939) is an Israeli politician and lawyer who served as the president of Israel between 2014 and 2021. He is a member of the Likud party. Rivlin was Minister of Communications from 2001 to 2003, and subsequently served as Speaker of the Knesset from 2003 to 2006 and 2009 to 2013. On 10 June 2014, he was elected President of Israel. His term ended on 7 July 2021.

Rivlin argues for a Greater Israel that would embrace all people and give the Palestinians of the West Bank and Gaza full Israeli citizenship. He is also a strong supporter of minority rights, particularly for Arab Israelis. He supports the one-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
Mind Foundry
Mind Foundry is a British multinational artificial intelligence company based in Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. The company is a spin-out of the University of Oxford and was founded by two professors of machine learning at the university, Stephen Roberts. and Michael Osborne. The company specialises in “AI for high-stakes applications”. Mind Foundry primarily operates in three sectors: Insurance, Infrastructure, and Defence & National Security.

Corporate spin-off
A corporate spin-off, also known as a spin-out, starburst or hive-off, is a type of corporate action where a company "splits off" a section as a separate business or creates a second incarnation, even if the first is still active. It is distinct from a sell-off, where a company sells a section to another company or firm in exchange for cash or securities.
Formula
In science, a formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical formula or a chemical formula. The informal use of the term formula in science refers to the general construct of a relationship between given quantities.

The plural of formula can be either formulas (from the most common English plural noun form) or, under the influence of scientific Latin, formulae (from the original Latin).

Commensurability (philosophy of science)
Commensurability is a concept in the philosophy of science whereby scientific theories are said to be "commensurable" if scientists can discuss the theories using a shared nomenclature that allows direct comparison of them to determine which one is more valid or useful.  On the other hand, theories are incommensurable if they are embedded in starkly contrasting conceptual frameworks whose languages do not overlap sufficiently to permit scientists to directly compare the theories or to cite empirical evidence favoring one theory over the other.  Discussed by Ludwik Fleck in the 1930s, and popularized by Thomas Kuhn in the 1960s, the problem of incommensurability results in scientists talking past each other, as it were, while comparison of theories is muddled by confusions about terms, contexts and consequences.
Chrysodeixis chalcites
Chrysodeixis chalcites, the tomato looper or golden twin-spot moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae, subfamily Plusiinae. It mainly lives in southern Europe, the Levant and tropical Africa, but can be seen migrating across much of Europe. In 2013, it was spotted in Canada. It is an important horticultural pest in New Zealand.

The length of the forewings is 15–18 mm. The moth flies from June to October.

The larvae feed on various herbaceous plants, such as Echium vulgare, Apium, Rubus, tomato, Fragaria and tobacco which is why it is perceived as a pest.

Chrysodeixis chalcites and Chrysodeixis eriosoma moths cannot be separated morphologically and they may be sibling species. They are distinguished by DNA, pheromones and geographic origin, as C. chalcites is found in the palearctic and C. eriosoma in the tropics and subtropics. The literature referring to C. chalcites in southern and eastern Asia or Oceania may actually refer to C. eriosoma.

Larva

Echium vulgare
Echium vulgare, known as viper's bugloss and blueweed, is a species of flowering plant in the borage family Boraginaceae. It is native to most of Europe and western and central Asia and it occurs as an introduced species in north-eastern North America, south-western South America and the South and North Island of New Zealand. If eaten, the plant is toxic to horses and cattle through the accumulation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the liver.

The plant root was used in ancient times as a treatment for snake or viper bites. According to the Doctrine of signatures, plants were thought to have traits (in this case a speckled stem reminiscent of snake skin, and flowers like an open viper's mouth) that mirror the ailment they treat.
John Deviock
John Deviock or Devyok (born c. 1420) was a Cornish gentleman and pirate from Ethy in the parish of St Winnow in Cornwall. In 1473 he was issued a Commission of array
for the lieges of Cornwall to capture St Michael's Mount, which had been taken by the John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford and William Beaumont, 2nd Viscount Beaumont during a siege of twenty-three weeks against 6,000 of Edward IV's troops.

John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford
John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, KG, KB (8 September 1442 – 10 March 1513), the second son of John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford, and Elizabeth Howard, a first cousin of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk (2nd creation), was one of the principal Lancastrian commanders during the English Wars of the Roses.

He was the principal commander of King Henry VII's army at the Battle of Bosworth Field, and again led Henry's troops to victory at the Battle of Stoke Field two years later. He became one of the great men of the King's regime.
Wide Open Spaces (album)
Wide Open Spaces is the fourth studio album and the major label debut of American country music band Dixie Chicks. It was their first record with new lead vocalist Natalie Maines, and became their breakthrough commercial success. It received diamond status by the RIAA on February 20, 2003, in the United States, having shipped 13 million units worldwide, while spending more than six years in the Australian ARIA music charts Country Top 20.

"Once You've Loved Somebody" had previously been recorded by John & Audrey Wiggins on their 1996 album, The Dream.

Wide Open Spaces, as well as their next albums Fly (1999) and Home (2002), were released in the HDCD format.

In 2024, the album was selected for preservation in the United States National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Natalie Maines
Natalie Louise Maines (born October 14, 1974) is an American musician. She is the lead vocalist for the country band the Chicks.

In 1995, after leaving Berklee College of Music, Maines was recruited by the Dixie Chicks to replace their lead singer, Laura Lynch. With Maines as lead vocalist, the band earned 10 Country Music Association Awards and 13 Grammy Awards for their work between 1998 and 2007.

In 2006, the Dixie Chicks released Taking the Long Way. The album subsequently won five Grammy Awards (including Album of the Year). The Dixie Chicks' new album, Gaslighter was released on July 17, 2020. As a solo artist, Maines released the album, Mother, on May 7, 2013.
Boynik Point
Boynik Point (Bulgarian: нос Бойник, ‘Nos Boynik’ \'nos 'boy-nik\) is the rounded rocky point on the southeast side of the entrance to Kozma Cove, forming the northeast extremity of Desolation Island in the entrance to Hero Bay, Livingston Island in Antarctica. The feature is named after the settlement of Boynik in Southern Bulgaria.

Hero Bay
Hero Bay (62°31′S 60°27′W﻿ / ﻿62.517°S 60.450°W﻿ / -62.517; -60.450) is a bay, 17 nautical miles (31 km) wide, which indents for 6 nautical miles (11 km) the northern side of Livingston Island between Cape Shirreff and Williams Point, in the South Shetland Islands. The glaciers Saedinenie Snowfield, Tundzha, Berkovitsa, Medven and Urdoviza feed the bay.

The name "Blythe Bay", originally applied to a small bay on the southeast side of Desolation Island on George Powell's chart of 1822 published by Richard Holmes Laurie, was erroneously transferred to this bay in the 1930s. This error has now been rectified, and a new name approved for the feature here described. Hero Bay is named for the American sloop Hero, under Captain Nathaniel B. Palmer, which was one of the vessels of the Pendleton sealing fleet from Stonington, Connecticut, which visited the South Shetland Islands in 1820–21.
Claro River (Maule)
The Claro River is a river of Chile located in the Maule Region. It rises in the Andes, in the Radal Siete Tazas National Park and flows northwest until the city of Molina. Then, it flows southwest, crosses below the Panamericana, to the vicinity of the city of Talca to empty into the Maule River. In this last portion of its course, the river receives the waters of the tributary Lircay River.

The invasive plant species Limnobium laevigatum is present in the river.

Hydrocharis laevigata
Hydrocharis laevigata is a floating aquatic plant, and is a member of the family Hydrocharitaceae. Common names include West Indian spongeplant, South American spongeplant and Amazon or smooth frogbit. This plant was introduced to North American waterways through use in aquariums and aquascapes.
Heptapleurum bourdillonii
Heptapleurum bourdillonii is a species of plant in the family  Araliaceae. It is a shrub or small tree endemic to Kerala in India. It has been collected in the Travancore Hills in the southern Western Ghats, where it grows in montane rain forest.

Araliaceae
The Araliaceae are a family of flowering plants composed of about 43 genera and around 1500 species consisting of primarily woody plants and some herbaceous plants commonly called the ivy or ginseng family. The morphology of Araliaceae varies widely, but it is predominantly distinguishable based on its woody habit, tropical distribution, and the presence of simple umbels.

There are numerous plants of economic importance. Some genera, such as Hedera (the ivies), Fatsia (Japanese aralias) and Heptapleurum (formerly Schefflera, the umbrella trees), are used as ornamental foliage plants. The family also includes Panax ginseng, the root of which is ginseng, used in traditional Chinese medicine.
2023 Leagues Cup knockout stage
The knockout stage of the 2023 Leagues Cup was the second and final stage of the competition, following the group stage. The knockout stage began on August 2 and concluded with the final on August 19. The top two teams from each group advanced to the knockout stage to compete in a single-elimination tournament. There were 32 matches in the knockout stage, including a third-place play-off played between the two losing teams of the semi-finals.

2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup
The 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup was the 59th season of the North, Central America, and the Caribbean's premier club football tournament organized by CONCACAF, and the first since it was rebranded as the CONCACAF Champions Cup. This was the first season under a new format featuring 27 teams and a five-round knockout phase.

Pachuca won their sixth title, defeating Columbus Crew of MLS in the final 3–0. As winners, they qualified for the 2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup, held in December. Pachuca also qualified for the 2025 FIFA Club World Cup in the United States, alongside the 2021 winners Monterrey, the 2022 winners Seattle Sounders FC, and the 2023 winners León. However, due to Pachuca and León sharing the same ownership, León was later disqualified from the tournament.
Portsmouth High School (New Hampshire)
Portsmouth High School is a public high school located in Portsmouth, New Hampshire with a current enrollment of approximately 1,100. Accredited by the New England Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools and the State of New Hampshire, the school serves the communities of Portsmouth, Rye, Greenland, New Castle and Newington, New Hampshire.

Greenland, New Hampshire
Greenland is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,067 at the 2020 census, up from 3,549 at the 2010 census. It is drained by the Winnicut River and bounded on the northwest by Great Bay.
Agwunobi
Agwunobi is a Nigerian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Agwunobi (born 1965), American physician and administrator

John O. Agwunobi (fl. 2000), Scottish-born Nigerian-American public health official, pediatrician, and businessperson

John O. Agwunobi
John O. Agwunobi is a Scottish-born Nigerian-American former public health official, pediatrician, and the former chief executive officer and executive chairman of Herbalife Nutrition from March 2020 to October 2022. He was formerly senior vice-president of Walmart and president of the retailer's health and wellness business from 2007 to 2014.

Agwunobi served as assistant secretary for health for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and was Florida's secretary of health and state health officer from 2000 to 2005.
Georgia Women of Achievement
The Georgia Women of Achievement (GWA) recognizes women natives or residents of the U.S. state of Georgia for their significant achievements or statewide contributions. The concept was first proposed by Rosalynn Carter in 1988. The first induction was in 1992 at Wesleyan College, and has continued annually. The induction ceremonies are held each year during March, designated as Women's History Month. The organization consists of a Board of Trustees and a Board of Selections. Nominees must have been dead no less than ten years. Georgians, or those associated with Georgia, are selected based on the individual's impact on society.  Nominations are proposed through documentation and an online nomination form, and must be submitted prior to October of any given year. GWA has traveling exhibits and speakers available upon request.

Women's History Month
Women's History Month is an annual observance to highlight the contributions of women to events in history and contemporary society. Celebrated during March in the United States,  Germany, and Australia, corresponding with International Women's Day on March 8, it is observed during October in Canada, corresponding with the celebration of Persons Day on October 18.

A weeklong observance in Sonoma County, California, in 1978 was subsequently championed by Gerda Lerner and the National Women's History Alliance to be recognized as a national week (1980) and then month (1987) in the United States, spreading internationally after that.
Jean-François-Joseph de Rochechouart
Jean François Joseph Rochechouart, Cardinal de Rochechouart (27 January 1708 – 20 March 1777) was a French Roman Catholic Cardinal.

Born in Toulouse, he was educated in the University of Paris, where he achieved licentiate in theology. After having been ordained priest he became vicar general of the archdiocese of Rouen for seven years. Elected bishop of Laon on 18 September 1741 he was also French ambassador to the Holy See from 1758 to 1762.

Pope Clement XIII created him cardinal priest in the consistory of 23 November 1761 with the title of Sant'Eusebio. He participated in the Papal conclave of 1769, but not that of 1774-1775.

Rochechouart died in 1777 in Paris.

1769 conclave
The 1769 papal conclave (15 February – 19 May) was convoked after the death of Pope Clement XIII on 2 February 1769 and ended with the election of Cardinal Giovanni Ganganelli, who took the name Clement XIV.
Cycling at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's cross-country
The women's cross-country cycling event at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place at Hadleigh Farm on 11 August.

Julie Bresset from France won the gold medal — the country's first in cycling at the 2012 Games. Germany's Sabine Spitz won silver and Georgia Gould of the United States took bronze.

Sabine Spitz
Sabine Spitz (born 27 December 1971) is a German cross country cyclist. She won bronze in Women's cross-country at the 2004 Summer Olympics, silver in the event in the 2012 Summer Olympics and gold in the event in the 2008 Summer Olympics. Furthermore, she became World Champion in 2003. At the 2016 Summer Olympics, she finished in 19th place.

In March 2017, Spitz raced her second eight-day Absa Cape Epic stage race in South Africa. She and South African partner Robyn de Groot were the pre-race favourites for the Women's Category but Spitz had a problematic ride: she crashed badly on two stages and these setbacks ultimately cost them any chance of victory. They eventually finished the 651 km route in third place. In 2016, she and Ukrainian Yana Belomoina had finished second in the race, which takes place in the Western Cape each year.
Euhadra senckenbergiana
Euhadra senckenbergiana is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Bradybaenidae. This species is found in Japan.

The shell of this species is dextral.

Bradybaeninae
Bradybaeninae is a taxonomic subfamily of medium-sized to small land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Camaenidae. Members of the subfamily Bradybaeninae are defined by the presence of two divided glands with one to two accessory sacs.
Machakh
Machakh (Russian: Мачах; Yakut: Мачах, Maçax) is a rural locality (a selo), and one of two settlements in Babushkinsky Rural Okrug of Verkhoyansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in addition to Boronuk, the administrative center of the Rural Okrug. It is located 137 kilometers (85 mi) from Batagay, the administrative center of the district and 30 kilometers (19 mi) from Boronuk. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 66; down from 108 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Verkhoyansky District
Verkhoyansky District (Russian: Верхоя́нский улу́с; Yakut: Үөһээ Дьааҥы улууһа, romanized: Üöhee Caañı uluuha, Yakut pronunciation: [ˈyøheː d͡ʑaːŋɯ uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the northern central part of the republic and borders with Ust-Yansky District in the northeast, Momsky District in the east, Tomponsky District in the south, Kobyaysky District in the southwest, Eveno-Bytantaysky National District in the west, and  with Bulunsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 137,400 square kilometers (53,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Batagay. Population: 12,815 (2010 Census); 13,666 (2002 Census); 24,259 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Batagay accounts for 34.1% of the district's total population.