hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Generation YES
Youth and Educators Succeeding, formerly known as Generation YES, was a U.S. based non-profit organization that works with schools around the world to empower underserved students and ensure that technology investments in education are both cost effective and meaningful. Dr. Dennis Harper was the founder and CEO from 1996 to 2020; upon his retirement, Adam F.C. Fletcher succeeded him. YES programs focused on student centered, project-based learning "experiences that impact student's lives and increase student involvement in school and community through the use of technology." In addition, research showed "all YES programs improved the use of technology in the school as a whole."

Project-based learning
Project-based learning is a teaching method that involves a dynamic classroom approach in which it is believed that students acquire a deeper knowledge through active exploration of real-world challenges and problems.  Students learn about a subject by working for an extended period of time to investigate and respond to a complex question, challenge, or problem.  It is a style of active learning and inquiry-based learning. Project-based learning  contrasts with paper-based, rote memorization, or teacher-led instruction that presents established facts or portrays a smooth path to knowledge by instead posing questions, problems, or scenarios.
2021 Svijany Open
The 2021 Svijany Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 8th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Liberec, Czech Republic between 2 and 8 August 2021.

Liberec
Liberec (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪbɛrɛts] ⓘ; German: Reichenberg) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 108,000 inhabitants, making it the fifth largest city in the country. It lies on the Lusatian Neisse River, in a basin surrounded by mountains. The city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Liberec was once home to a thriving textile industry and hence nicknamed the "Manchester of Bohemia". A symbol of the city and the main landmark of the panorama of Liberec is the Ještěd Tower. Since the end of the 19th century, the city has been a conurbation with the suburb of Vratislavice nad Nisou and the neighbouring city of Jablonec nad Nisou.
Portland Longshoremans Benevolent Society
The Portland Longshoremans Benevolent Society was a trade union and benevolent society in Portland, Maine, United States. It existed as an independent organization from its founding in 1880 until it affiliated with the International Longshoremen's Association in 1914. Incorporated in 1880, it was composed of primarily Irish and Irish-American dockworkers who loaded and unloaded ships in the Portland waterfront. The early peak of PLSBS membership occurred in 1899 when the union had 868 members. By 1910, declines in the amount of Canadian grain exported through the port meant decreased membership, which hit 425. Having been defeated in two major strikes, the PLSBS affiliated with the International Longshoremen's Association in early 1914. Similar independent unions had recently joined the ILA in Boston and elsewhere.

Dockworker
A dockworker (also called a docker, longshoreman, lumper, stevedore, wharfie, or wharfman) is a waterfront manual laborer who loads and unloads ships.

As a result of the intermodal shipping container revolution, the required number of dockworkers has declined by over 90% since the 1960s.
Code Reading
Code Reading (ISBN 0-201-79940-5) is a 2003 software development book written by Diomidis Spinellis.
The book is directed to programmers who want to improve their code reading abilities.
It discusses specific techniques for reading code written by others and outlines common programming concepts.

The code examples used in the book are taken from real-life software and uses C to illustrate basic concepts. Excerpts from prominent open-source code systems like the
Apache Web server,
the hsqldb Java relational database engine,
the NetBSD Unix distribution,
the Perl language,
the Tomcat application server,
and the X Window System are presented.

The book inaugurated Addison-Wesley's Effective Software Development Series, edited by Scott Meyers,
and received the 2004 Software Development Productivity Award in the “Technical Books” category.
It has been translated into Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Polish, and Russian.

Addison-Wesley
Addison–Wesley is an American publisher of textbooks and computer literature. It is an imprint of Pearson plc, a global publishing and education company. In addition to publishing books, Addison–Wesley also distributes its technical titles through the O'Reilly Online Learning e-reference service. Addison–Wesley's majority of sales derive from the United States (55%) and Europe (22%).

The Addison–Wesley Professional Imprint produces content including books, eBooks, and video for the professional IT worker including developers, programmers, managers, system administrators.  Classic titles include The Art of Computer Programming, The C++ Programming Language, The Mythical Man-Month, and Design Patterns.
Saint-Vincent-de-Barbeyrargues
Saint-Vincent-de-Barbeyrargues (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ vɛ̃sɑ̃ də baʁbeʁaʁɡ]; Languedocien: Sant Vincenç de Barbairargues) is a commune in the Hérault department in the Occitanie region in southern France.

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.
Naved Anjum
Naved Anjum (born 27 July 1963) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played in two Test matches and 13 One Day Internationals from 1984 to 1992. After he left international cricket, he started a job with the Pakistan Cricket Board. He coached the United Arab Emirates at the 2001 ICC Trophy in Canada. He has also worked as the head coach of the Faisalabad regional team, the Faisalabad Wolves franchise, and Multan.

Faisalabad cricket team
Faisalabad Cricket Team is a Pakistani first-class cricket team representing Faisalabad, Punjab. The team's home ground is Iqbal Stadium, Faisalabad. They participate in the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy. It was refounded in the 2023/24 season after a revamp of the domestic structure.
Creative Economy Agency
The Creative Economy Agency (Public Organization) (CEA, Thai: สำนักงานส่งเสริมเศรษฐกิจสร้างสรรค์ (องค์การมหาชน)), is a Thai public organization tasked with the support and development of Thailand's creative economy. Established in 2018, the agency oversees the Thailand Creative & Design Center (TCDC) in Bangkok, along with creative city initiatives throughout the country.

Based at the Grand Postal Building on Charoen Krung Road in Bang Rak District, the CEA operates departments focused on Chiang Mai, Songkhla, and Khon Kaen. CEA organizes the annual Bangkok Design Week, Chiang Mai Design Week, and Pakk Taii Design Week in Songkhla.

Bang Rak district
Bang Rak (Thai: บางรัก, pronounced [bāːŋ rák]) is one of the fifty districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. It lies on the eastern bank of the Chao Phraya River, beyond Khlong Phadung Krung Kasem, which marked the old city boundary. Originating from riverside settlements dating from before the city's foundation, Bang Rak grew inland as new roads and canals were constructed through the area during the second half of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth, attracting communities of expatriates and developing into a major commercial district.

Bangkok's rapid economic growth in the late twentieth century saw the areas along Si Lom and Sathon roads transformed into one of the city's main business districts, teeming with skyscrapers. The district, officially recognised at least since 1908, covers an area of 5.54 square kilometres (2.14 sq mi), and has a registered population of 48,227 (as of 2019).
2025 NÖ Open – Doubles
Miloš Karol and Vitaliy Sachko were the defending champions but only Sachko chose to defend his title, partnering Oleg Prihodko. They lost in the final to Neil Oberleitner and Joel Schwärzler.

Oberleitner and Schwärzler won the title after defeating Prihodko and Sachko 5–7, 6–3, [10–7] in the final.

Vitaliy Sachko
Vitaliy Sachko (Ukrainian: Віталій Дмитрович Сачко; born 14 July 1997) is a Ukrainian professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 156, achieved on 31 July 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 122, achieved on 28 July 2025. He is currently the No. 1 player from Ukraine.
Scheinberg
The Scheinberg is a hill, 498 m above NHN, and the highest point in the Steigerwald, a hill range in southern Germany. It lies northeast of Ippesheim in the county of Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim in Middle Franconia. To the north runs the border with the Lower Franconian province of Kitzingen.

Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia (German: Unterfranken, pronounced [ˈʊntɐˌfʁaŋkn̩] ⓘ) is one of seven districts of Bavaria, Germany. The districts of Lower, Middle and Upper Franconia make up the region of Franconia. It consists of nine districts and 308 municipalities (including three cities).
National Conference for Media Reform
The National Conference for Media Reform (NCMR) is the largest conference devoted to media technology and news in the United States. Sponsored and presented by the media reform organization Free Press, the conference brings together activists; students; policymakers; journalists; scholars; educators; media makers, and other concerned citizens who are working for better media, to share ideas and strategies, develop new skills, network and built momentum for the media reform movement.

Previous conferences were held in Madison, Wisconsin; St. Louis; Memphis, Tennessee; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Boston, Massachusetts; and Denver, Colorado.

Robert W. McChesney
Robert Waterman McChesney (/məkˈtʃɛsni/; December 22, 1952 – March 25, 2025) was an American professor notable in the history and political economy of communications, and the role media play in democratic and capitalist societies. He was the Gutgsell Endowed Professor in the Department of Communication at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. He co-founded Free Press, a national media reform organization. From 2002 to 2012, he hosted Media Matters, a weekly radio program every Sunday afternoon on WILL (AM), Illinois Public Media radio.
Coblentz Peak
Coblentz Peak is a peak rising at the north side of the head of Holtedahl Bay, in Chiren Heights, Velingrad Peninsula, on the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctica. It was photographed by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956–57 and was mapped from these photos by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 for William W. Coblentz of the U.S. National Bureau of Standards, whose work on the transmissive properties of tinted glass has contributed to the design of satisfactory snow goggles.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
Peleid
Peleid (foaled 1970) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire best known for winning the classic St Leger Stakes in 1973. After showing little promise in his early career he ran well in several important handicap races in 1973 before stepping up in class to record a 28/1 upset victory in the St Leger on 15 September. He was later sold and exported to stand as a breeding stallion in Hungary.

Handicap (horse racing)
A handicap race in horse racing is a race in which each horse is assigned a specific weight to carry, determined by its past performance and perceived ability. Stronger horses carry more weight, while less accomplished ones carry less. This system aims to equalize the chances of all horses in the race.

The skill in betting on a handicap race lies in predicting which horse can overcome its handicap. Although most handicap races are run for older, less valuable horses with less prize money, this is not true in all cases; some prestigious races are handicaps, such as the Grand National steeplechase, Betfair Stayers' Handicap Hurdle in the UK and the Melbourne Cup in Australia. In the United States, over 30 handicap races are classified as Grade I, the top level of the North American grading system.
Tønsbergs Blad
Tønsbergs Blad is a local newspaper published in Tønsberg, Norway. The newspaper was founded by printer Hans Jørgen Magnus Hansen on 3 August 1870, with an initial circulation of 210 copies. By the turn of the century the circulation had grown to 2,600. In 1881 the newspaper was purchased by Tønsbergs Aktietrykkeri, to operate as a conservative publication. In 1986 Orkla Media AS – part of the Orkla Group – took over ownership. When this company was taken over by the Mecom Group in 2006, it changed name to Edda Media.

Tønsbergs Blad had a circulation of 30,354 copies in 2007. The newspaper employs 98 people full-time, and the editor in chief is Håkon Borud.

Orkla ASA
Orkla ASA (Norwegian: [ˈoːʂkla]) is a Norwegian conglomerate operating in Europe, Asia and the US. At present, Orkla operates in the branded consumer goods, aluminium products and financial investment sectors. Orkla ASA is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange and its head office is in Oslo, Norway. As of 31 December 2021, Orkla had 21,423 employees. The Group's turnover in 2021 totalled NOK 50.4 billion.
Richmond Park (New South Wales)
Richmond Park is a heritage-listed public park and sporting venue bounded by East Market, Windsor and March Streets, Richmond, City of Hawkesbury, New South Wales, Australia. It was proclaimed by Governor Lachlan Macquarie in 1810 and surveyed by James Meehan in 1811. The historic pavilion was designed by George Matcham Pitt Jr. in 1882 and built by Samuel Boughton in 1883–84. The park is owned by Hawkesbury City Council. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 5 March 2010.

Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Eucalyptus camaldulensis, commonly known as river red gum, is a flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae, and is endemic to Australia. It is a tree with smooth white or cream-coloured bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and hemispherical fruit with the valves extending beyond the rim. A familiar and iconic tree, it is seen along many watercourses across inland Australia, providing shade in the extreme temperatures of central Australia and elsewhere.
Northwestern Illinois
Northwestern Illinois is a geographic region of the state of Illinois within the USA.

Northwestern Illinois is generally considered to consist of the following area: Jo Daviess County, Carroll County, Whiteside County, Stephenson County, Winnebago County, Ogle County, and Lee County.  Northwestern Illinois borders the states of Iowa to the west and Wisconsin to the north.

The largest city in this region, located near the eastern edge, is Rockford.  Rockford's Metropolitan Area includes Winnebago County and Boone County (to the east), with an estimated 2009 population of 353,722.

Former US President Ronald Reagan was born in the Whiteside County town of Tampico, IL.

Winnebago County, Illinois
Winnebago County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 285,350 making it the seventh most populous county in Illinois behind Cook County and its five surrounding collar counties. Its county seat is Rockford. Winnebago County is the central county of the Rockford metropolitan area.
Owiso Odera
Owiso Odera (March 1974 – November 3, 2016) was a Sudanese-born Kenyan actor.  He was perhaps best known for his role as Papa Tunde in the television series The Originals.  In 2015, Odera was nominated for a Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Play for his performance in Katori Hall's play Our Lady of Kibeho at the Signature Theatre.

Lucille Lortel Awards
The Lucille Lortel Awards recognize excellence in New York Off-Broadway theatre. The Awards are named for Lucille Lortel, an actress and theater producer, and have been awarded since 1986. They are produced by the League of Off-Broadway Theatres and Producers by special arrangement with the Lucille Lortel Foundation, with additional support from the Theatre Development Fund.

Other awards for off-Broadway theatre (although not necessarily exclusive to off-Broadway theatre) include the Drama League Award, Outer Critics Circle Awards, Drama Desk Awards and the Obie Awards, as well as the Henry Hewes Design Awards presented by the American Theatre Wing.
Cambridge Intelligencer
The Cambridge Intelligencer was an English weekly newspaper, appearing from 1793 to 1803, and edited by Benjamin Flower. The historian J. E. Cookson called it "the most vigorous and outspoken liberal periodical of its day".

Flower suffered imprisonment for contempt of the House of Lords, for remarks made in the Intelligencer against Richard Watson, bishop of Llandaff. His case followed that of Gilbert Wakefield, followed a different procedure, and had a temporary chilling effect on radical publishing at the end of the 18th century.

Gilbert Wakefield
Gilbert Wakefield (1756–1801) was an English scholar and controversialist. He moved from being a cleric and academic, into tutoring at dissenting academies, and finally became a professional writer and publicist. In a celebrated state trial, he was imprisoned for a pamphlet critical of government policy of the French Revolutionary Wars; and died shortly after his release.
Sexual abuse
Sexual abuse or sex abuse is abusive sexual behavior by one person upon another. It is often perpetrated using physical force, or by taking advantage of another. It often consists of a persistent pattern of sexual assaults. The offender is referred to as a sexual abuser. Live streaming sexual abuse involves trafficking and coerced sexual acts, or rape, in real time on webcam.

Molestation refers to an instance of sexual assault, especially when perpetrated against a child. The perpetrator is called (often pejoratively) a molester. The term also covers behavior by an adult or older adolescent towards a child to sexually stimulate any of the involved. The use of a child for sexual stimulation is referred to as child sexual abuse and, for pubescent or post-pubescent individuals younger than the age of consent, statutory rape.

Sexual abuse can be perpetrated against other vulnerable populations like the elderly, a form of elder abuse, or those with developmental disabilities.

Sexual stimulation
Sexual stimulation is anything that leads to sexual arousal or orgasm. This thing can be physical or of other senses, and is known as a stimulus.

Sexual stimulation is a broad term, usually understood to mean physical touching of the genitals or other body parts. The term can, however, include stimuli affecting the mind (sexual fantasy), or senses other than touch (such as sight, smell, or hearing). Sufficient physical stimulation of the genitals usually results in an orgasm. Stimulation can be by oneself (masturbation or sexual fantasy) or by a sexual partner (sexual intercourse or other sexual activity), by use of objects or tools, or by some combination of these methods.

Some people practice orgasm control, whereby a person or their partner controls the level of stimulation to prolong the experience leading up to orgasm.
Dichoptera
Dichoptera is a genus of planthoppers found in tropical Asia. They were formerly placed in the family Dictyopharidae but are now considered members of the family Fulgoridae.

They have large and stout bodies with long membranous forewings. The head is short and may have a long process. There are 11 species in the genus.

Often found on the bark of Ficus trees, they are tended by ants and sometimes parasitized by Dryinidae.

Planthopper
A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of grasshoppers. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. Fulgoromorphs are most reliably distinguished from the other Auchenorrhyncha by two features: the bifurcate (Y-shaped) anal vein in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented antennae, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous arista.
Trade Union of Russian Citizens
The Trade Union of Russian Citizens (PGR; Russian: Профсоюз граждан России; ПГР; Profsoyuz grazhdan Rossii, PGR) — voluntary all-Russian public association, existing since April 12, 2011.

This association is critical of some of the government's initiatives: for example, the movement opposed a number of government initiatives, in particular against Russia's accession to the WTO.

Vitaly Milonov
Vitaly Valentinovich Milonov (Russian: Виталий Валентинович Милонов; born 23 January 1974) is a Russian politician, deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation since 2016. A member of United Russia, he has served as a Member of the State Duma for Saint Petersburg South since 2016. As a legislator, he is known for his opposition to LGBT rights in Russia. From 2007 to 2016, he was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg.
Soldiers' Tower
The Soldiers' Tower is a bell and clock tower on the St. George campus of the University of Toronto that commemorates members of the university who served in the World Wars. Designed by architects Henry Sproatt and Ernest Ross Rolph, the Gothic Revival tower stands at 143 feet (43.6 m) tall and houses a carillon of 51 bells.

Clock tower
Clock towers are a specific type of structure that house a turret clock and have one or more clock faces on the upper exterior walls. Many clock towers are freestanding structures but they can also adjoin or be located on top of another building. Some other buildings also have clock faces on their exterior but these structures serve other main functions.

Clock towers are a common sight in many parts of the world with some being iconic buildings. One example is the Elizabeth Tower in London (usually called "Big Ben", although strictly this name belongs only to the bell inside the tower).