hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grassroots Out
Grassroots Out (GO) was an organisation funded by Arron Banks that campaigned in favour of EU withdrawal in the 2016 referendum on EU membership in the United Kingdom. The organisation was formed in January 2016, as a result of infighting between Vote Leave and Leave.EU, and officially launched on 23 January 2016 in Kettering.

Despite its name, it was started by politicians from a mixture of political parties including Peter Bone, Tom Pursglove, Liam Fox of the Conservatives, Kate Hoey of Labour, Nigel Farage of UKIP and Sammy Wilson of the DUP. The left wing Respect Party later joined Grassroots Out.

Kettering
Kettering is a market and industrial town in the North Northamptonshire district of Northamptonshire, England. It lies 45 miles (72 km) west of Cambridge, 31 miles (50 km) south-west of Peterborough, 28 miles (45 km) south-east of Leicester and 15 miles (24 km) north-east of Northampton; it is west of the River Ise, a tributary of the River Nene. The name means "the place (or territory) of Ketter's people (or kinsfolk)".

At the 2021 census, Kettering had a population of 63,150. It is part of the East Midlands, along with the rest of Northamptonshire.
DUSP15
Dual specificity protein phosphatase 15 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DUSP15 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the non-receptor class of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. The encoded protein has both protein-tyrosine phosphatase activity and serine/threonine-specific phosphatase activity, and therefore is known as a dual specificity phosphatase. Three transcript variants, encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Serine
Serine
/ˈsɪəriːn/
(symbol Ser or S) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form under biological conditions), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form under biological conditions), and a side chain consisting of a hydroxymethyl group, classifying it as a polar amino acid. It can be synthesized in the human body under normal physiological circumstances, making it a nonessential amino acid. It is encoded by the codons UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU and AGC.
New Kingdom (band)
New Kingdom was an American rap rock duo from New York City consisting of Jason 'Nosaj' Furlow and Sebastian Laws. Formed in 1987, New Kingdom was known for its psychedelic, funk, and blues-influenced style and abstract lyricism. The duo released two albums on Gee Street Records in 1992 and 1996.

The San Diego Union-Tribune
The San Diego Union-Tribune is a metropolitan daily newspaper published in San Diego, California, that has run since 1868. Its name derives from what were San Diego's two major daily newspapers, the morning San Diego Union and the San Diego Evening Tribune, which had the same publisher beginning in 1901 and were frequently referred to collectively as the Union-Tribune; they were merged into a single edition under that name in 1992.

The name was changed to U-T San Diego in 2012 but returned to The San Diego Union-Tribune in 2015.

In 2015, the newspaper was acquired by Tribune Publishing. In February 2018, it was announced it would be sold, along with the Los Angeles Times, to Patrick Soon-Shiong's investment firm Nant Capital LLC for $500 million plus $90 million in pension liabilities. The sale was completed on June 18, 2018. In July 2023, Soon-Shiong sold the paper to Digital First Media, a company owned by Alden Global Capital.
Varnish microlamination
Rock varnish microlamination is a geological phenomenon in which a "varnish" or dark coating builds up on rock surfaces that are exposed to the atmosphere.  It is the world's slowest-accumulating sedimentary deposit at around ~1 μm per 1000 years.  It can be used for dating the host rock; it is particularly well preserved and therefore useful in arid and semi-arid regions.

The microlaminations can be observed when varnish is shaved thin enough (5-10 μm) to see through with a light microscope. Dark layers in the varnish are rich in manganese and barium, but poor in silicon and aluminium. Orange and yellow layers are poor in Mn and Ba, but rich in Si and Al.

There is also a growing body of evidence that indicates varnish microstratigraphy carries a climate record: manganese-poor yellow layers formed during dry periods, while mangangese-rich black layers deposited during wet periods.

Superficial deposits
Superficial deposits (or surficial deposits) refer to geological deposits typically of Quaternary age (less than 2.6 million years old) for the Earth. These geologically recent unconsolidated sediments may include stream channel and floodplain deposits, beach sands, talus gravels and glacial drift and moraine.  All pre-Quaternary deposits are referred to as bedrock.
Wagon Caves
The 56 acres (23 ha) Wagon Caves rock formation is an archeological site that was used by the Salinan Antonianos subtribe who occupied at least two villages in the area more than a thousand years apart. The caves are located about 18 miles (29 km) northwest of Jolon, California.

In the latter part of the 1800s, the location became a way station for homesteaders and miners who traveled between the southern portion of the Big Sur coast and the interior. Wagons were left at the location, allowing travelers to transport goods to and from Jolon and later Soledad when the Union Pacific Railroad established a terminus there.

In 2000, the 806 acres (326 ha) Wagon Cave Research Natural Area was established to study and protect the unique flora found in the area. The location is known for huge valley oaks that are up to 100 feet (30 m) tall with trunks 6–7 feet (1.8–2.1 m) across.

Muhlenbergia rigens
Muhlenbergia rigens, commonly known as deergrass, is a warm season perennial bunchgrass. It is found in sandy or well-drained soils below 7,000 feet (2,100 m) in elevation in the Southwestern United States and parts of Mexico.
Overengineering
Overengineering, or over-engineering, is the act of designing a product or providing a solution to a problem that is complicated in a way that provides no value or could have been designed to be simpler. It has been employed intentionally in situations where an exceptionally wide margin of error is desired, but is otherwise considered an error of design due to the disproportionate time and resources needed to manufacture and maintain such products, as well as the introduction of unneeded single points of failure. As a design philosophy, it is a violation of the practice of value engineering and the minimalist ethos of "less is more" or "worse is better", as well as the related KISS principle.

NASA listed excessive features as one of the top 10 risks of failure for development projects, and Mercedes-Benz developed and removed 600 non-essential features from their cars due to malfunctions, lack of usability and customer complaints.

KISS principle
KISS ("Keep it simple, stupid") is a design principle first noted by the U.S. Navy in 1960. First seen partly in American English by at least 1938, KISS implies that simplicity should be a design goal. The phrase has been associated with aircraft engineer Kelly Johnson. The term "KISS principle" was in popular use by 1970. Variations on the phrase (usually as some euphemism for the more churlish "stupid") include "keep it super simple", "keep it simple, silly", "keep it short and simple", "keep it short and sweet", "keep it simple and straightforward", "keep it small and simple", "keep it simple, soldier", "keep it simple, sailor", "keep it simple, sweetie", "keep it stupidly simple", or "keep it sweet and simple".
Andy Suzuki & The Method
Andy Suzuki & The Method is a rock band based in New York City led by Andy Suzuki and his songwriting partner Kozza Babumba, grandson of Grammy Award winning Nigerian drummer Babatunde Olatunji. The band formed in 2006 at Brown University, where Andy met Kozza.

The band has toured in support of Ringo Starr, Eric Hutchinson, Joshua Radin, Delta Rae, Sister Hazel, Marc Broussard, Tyrone Wells, and Bernhoft, among others. They have also showcased at numerous festivals, including SXSW, The Rock Boat, CMJ, and Voodoo Fest.

Since releasing their most recent album, Alibi, in January 2019, ASTM has played The Rock Boat, been featured by Live Nation's Ones to Watch blog, appeared on Tidal's coveted Tidal Rising playlist and SoundCloud's Fresh Pressed playlist, and showcased at The Smithsonian APAC's Inaugural Gala and at a Barclays Center Summer Session, in addition to headlining - and selling out - several shows across the country.

Sister Hazel
Sister Hazel is an American rock band from Gainesville, Florida, whose style blends elements of jangle pop, folk rock, classic rock, and Southern rock. They are best known for their 1997 single "All for You."
Na Mira
Na Mira (born 1982), also known as Dylan Mira, is an American artist and educator, known for her installation art. She is based out of Los Angeles, California, "on Tongva, Gabrielino, Kizh, and Chumash lands."

Chumash people
The Chumash are a Native American people of the central and southern coastal regions of California, in portions of what is now Kern, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, and Los Angeles counties, extending from Morro Bay in the north to Malibu in the south to Mount Pinos in the east. Their territory includes three of the Channel Islands: Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa, and San Miguel; the smaller island of Anacapa was likely inhabited seasonally due to the lack of a consistent water source.

Modern place names with Chumash origins include Malibu, Nipomo, Lompoc, Ojai, Pismo Beach, Point Mugu, Port Hueneme, Piru, Lake Castaic, Saticoy, Simi Valley, and Somis. Archaeological research shows that the Chumash people have deep roots in the Santa Barbara Channel area and have lived along the southern California coast for millennia.
John Vincett
John Herbert Vincett (24 May 1883 – 28 December 1953) was an English cricketer active from 1907 to 1921 who played for Surrey and Sussex. He was born in Hastings and died in Lambeth. He appeared in 172 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm medium pace. He scored 3,464 runs with a highest score of 90 not out and took 342 wickets with a best performance of seven for 41.

Prior to his cricket career Vincett had been employed as an apprentice at Ashford railway works and played football for Ashford United, Hastings Rovers, Old Hastonians, St Leonards United, Hastings, Grimsby Town, Leicester Fosse, Barnsley, Hastings & St Leonards, and Tottenham Hotspur.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
None of Your Business
"None of Your Business" is the third single from American hip hop group Salt-n-Pepa's fourth studio album, Very Necessary (1994), released in August 1994 by Next Plateau. Written and produced by Hurby Azor, the song earned the group its first Grammy Award. It is included on the 1996 Barb Wire and 2000 Miss Congeniality soundtracks.

Barb Wire (soundtrack)
Barb Wire: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack Album is the soundtrack to the 1996 film of the same name. It was released in April 1996 via London Records. It contains tracks and covers of songs by Patti Smith and Cameo. Randall Poster served as compilation producer.
Clarendon, New York
Clarendon is a town in Orleans County, New York, United States. The population was 3,648 at the 2010 census. The name is derived from Clarendon, Vermont.

The Town of Clarendon is in the southeast part of the county. New York State Route 31A and New York State Route 237 intersect in the town.

Clarendon, Vermont
Clarendon is a town in Rutland County, Vermont, United States. The population was 2,412 at the 2020 census. Clarendon spans U.S. Route 7 and is split by the highway, the Cold River and Mill River, Otter Creek, and the Green Mountains into the hamlets of Clarendon, West Clarendon, East Clarendon, Clarendon Springs, and North Clarendon.
Esparto, California
Esparto (Spanish for "Halfah grass") is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yolo County, California, United States. It is part of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 3,572 at the 2020 census.

Roseville, California
Roseville is the most populous city in Placer County, California, located within the Sacramento metropolitan area. At the 2020 census, the city's population was 147,773, making it the third-largest city in the Sacramento area. Interstate 80 runs through Roseville and State Route 65 runs through part of the northern edge of the city.

Historically associated with the railroad, the city underwent significant urban renewal in the 1980s and 1990s. Today it has become a major commercial hub, attracting regular shoppers and visitors from a large swath of rural southeastern Sacramento Valley and the Sierra Nevada foothills. In recent years, it has seen significant population growth and new single-family home developments, becoming a "boomburb" or edge city of Sacramento.
Seeiso of Basutoland
Seeiso, full name Simon Seeiso Griffith (1905 – 26 December 1940) was the paramount chief of Basutoland from 23 June 1939 until his death. He was the father of King Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho and the paternal grandfather of king Letsie III of Lesotho.

Basutoland
Basutoland was a British Crown colony that existed from 1884 to 1966 in present-day Lesotho, bordered with the Cape Colony, Natal Colony and Orange River Colony until 1910 and completely surrounded by South Africa from 1910. Though the Basotho (then known as Basuto) and their territory had been under British control starting in 1868 (and ruled by Cape Colony from 1871), the rule by Cape Colony was unpopular and unable to control the territory. As a result, Basutoland was brought under direct authority of Queen Victoria, via the High Commissioner, and run by an Executive Council presided over by a series of British Resident Commissioners.

It was divided into seven administrative districts: Berea, Leribe, Maseru, Mohale's Hoek, Mafeteng, Qacha's Nek and Quthing.

Basutoland gained its independence from the United Kingdom on 4 October 1966 and was renamed the Kingdom of Lesotho.
My Year of Dicks
My Year of Dicks is a 2022 American independent adult animated short film directed by Sara Gunnarsdóttir, created and written by Pamela Ribon. It was nominated for the 95th Academy Awards under the category Best Animated Short Film.

Adult animation
Adult animation is animation in the form of films and television series that is catered specifically to general interests and is mainly targeted and marketed towards teenagers, young adults, and mature audiences as opposed to children or all-ages audiences.
Requiem Chevalier Vampire
Requiem Chevalier Vampire (French for Requiem Vampire Knight) is a Franco-British comic originally published by Nickel Editions, with a republication of the series by Glénat. The story was written by Pat Mills, with illustrations by Olivier Ledroit. It was translated into English and published by Heavy Metal magazine in the United States. It was also translated into German and published in Germany by Kult Editions as Requiem Der Vampirritter. The comic was characterized by its extreme violence, with sadomasochism as a common theme and frequent scenes of violent sex.

Heavy Metal (magazine)
Heavy Metal is an American science fantasy comics magazine, first published in 1977. The magazine is known primarily for its blend of dark fantasy, science fiction, erotica, and steampunk comics. Following a brief hiatus in 2023, it relaunched in 2024 with new owners and a new editorial team consisting of Dave Kelly, Frank Forte, and Chris Thompson.

Unlike the traditional American comic books of that time bound by the restrictive Comics Code Authority, the magazine-format Heavy Metal featured explicit nudity, sexual situations, and graphic violence. The magazine started out primarily as a licensed translation of the French science-fantasy magazine Métal hurlant, marking for many Americans their first introduction to the work of European cartoonists like Enki Bilal, Philippe Caza, Guido Crepax, Philippe Druillet, Jean-Claude Forest, Jean Giraud (a.k.a. Moebius), Chantal Montellier, and Milo Manara.
2011 Laurence Olivier Awards
The 2011 Olivier Awards were held on 13 March 2011 at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, London.  The 2011 awards were intended to re-launch the Oliviers as a major awards event, and so they were sponsored by MasterCard, with live coverage by the BBC.

The Theatre show was presented by Michael Ball and Imelda Staunton, with BBC Radio 2 coverage from Paul Gambaccini.

Special guests included Stephen Sondheim, Angela Lansbury, Cameron Mackintosh, Barry Manilow as well as performances by Ramin Karimloo, Alfie Boe, Kerry Ellis, Adrian Lester as well as the London casts of Legally Blonde and Into the Woods to name a few.

The show was accompanied by the BBC Concert Orchestra, conducted by David Charles Abell, and the finale was accompanied by a choir from the CDS (Conference Drama Schools).

Alfie Boe
Alfred Giovanni Roncalli Boe (born 29 September 1973) is an English actor and singer who performs primarily in musical theatre.

Boe is best known for his performances as Jean Valjean in the musical Les Misérables at the Queen's Theatre in London, the 25th Anniversary Concert, the 2014 Broadway revival, the All-Star Staged Concert, and the Arena Spectacular World Tour. He played the lead role in Finding Neverland on Broadway beginning 29 March 2016. Boe shared a Tony Award with the other members of the ensemble cast of Baz Luhrmann's 2002 revival of La bohème in 2003. He has sold more than one million albums in the United Kingdom.

One of his most recent performances include Together in Vegas (with Michael Ball). In October 2022 he announced that he would be doing a solo tour in 2023.
Robert V. McGarvey
Robert  V. McGarvey (October 2, 1888 - October 31, 1952) was an American National Champion trainer of Thoroughbred racehorses whose clients included prominent owners John D. Hertz, Ethel V. Mars, Stuyvesant Peabody, Henrietta Bingham and Emil and Jean Denemark.

In 1935 Robert McGarvey trained Forever Yours to earn American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly honors. In 1937, McGarvey was the U.S. Champion Thoroughbred Trainer by earnings.

Between 1928 and 1951, Robert McGarvey had eight starters in the Kentucky Derby. His best results were three third-place finishes with Whiskolo (1935),  Reaping Reward (1937) and Ruhe in 1951.

Robert McGarvey died at age 64 on October 31, 1952, at St. Joseph Hospital in Joliet, Illinois, after suffering a heart attack.

Joliet, Illinois
Joliet (/ˈdʒoʊliɛt, ˌdʒoʊliˈɛt/ JOH-lee-et, -⁠ET) is a city in Will and Kendall counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. Located 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Chicago, it is the county seat of Will County. The population was 150,362 at the 2020 census, making it the third-most populous city in Illinois.
Kineshma
Kineshma (Russian: Кинешма), the second-largest town in Ivanovo Oblast in Russia, sprawls for 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) along the Volga River, 335 kilometers north-east of Moscow. Population: 77,694 (2021 Census); 88,164 (2010 Census); 95,233 (2002 Census); 105,037 (1989 Soviet census).

Alexander Ostrovsky
Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky (Russian: Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Остро́вский; 12 April [O.S. 31 March] 1823  – 14 June [O.S. 2 June] 1886) was a Russian playwright, generally considered the greatest representative of the Russian realistic period. The author of 47 original plays, Ostrovsky "almost single-handedly created a Russian national repertoire." His dramas are among the most widely read and frequently performed stage pieces in Russia.
1983 Tour of the Basque Country
The 1983 Tour of the Basque Country was the 23rd edition of the Tour of the Basque Country cycle race and was held from 4 April to 8 April 1983. The race started in Legorreta and finished at Errezil. The race was won by Julián Gorospe of the Reynolds team.

Julián Gorospe
Julián Gorospe Artabe (born 22 March 1960 in Mañaria) is a Spanish former professional road racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 1982 and 1994, entirely for the Banesto team. Gorospe also worked as the directeur sportif of Euskaltel–Euskadi between 1998 and 2006.
The Structure of Science
The Structure of Science: Problems in the Logic of Scientific Explanation is a 1961 book about the philosophy of science by the philosopher Ernest Nagel, in which the author discusses the nature of scientific inquiry with reference to both natural science and social science. Nagel explores the role of reduction in scientific theories and the relationship of wholes to their parts, and also evaluates the views of philosophers such as Isaiah Berlin.

The book received positive reviews, as well as some more mixed assessments. It is considered a classic work, and commentators have praised it for Nagel's discussion of reductionism and holism, as well as for his criticism of Berlin. However, critics of The Structure of Science have found Nagel's discussion of social science less convincing than his discussion of natural science.

Reductionism
Reductionism is any of several related philosophical ideas regarding the associations between phenomena which can be described in terms of simpler or more fundamental phenomena. It is also described as an intellectual and philosophical position that interprets a complex system as the sum of its parts, contrary to holism. Reductionism tends to focus on the small, predictable details of a system and is often associated with various philosophies like emergence, materialism, and determinism.
Pardo Ridge
Pardo Ridge is the second highest part of Elephant Island, South Shetland Islands, reaching an altitude of 853 meters. It extends from The White Company in the west to Cape Valentine in the east. It was mapped by the UK Joint Services Expedition, 1970-71, and named by the UK-APC after Captain Luis Pardo, commander of the Chilean tug Yelcho which rescued shipwrecked members of Shackleton's Endurance from Elephant Island's Wild Point in August 1916.

Yelcho (1906 tug)
Yelcho was built in 1906 by the Scottish firm Geo. Brown and Co. of Greenock, on the River Clyde for towage and cargo service of the Chilean Sociedad Ganadera e Industrial Yelcho y Palena, Puerto Montt. In 1908 she was sold to the Chilean Navy and ordered to Punta Arenas as a tug and for periodic maintenance and supply of the lighthouses in that region.
Dehergati
Dehergati is a village in Babuganj Upazila of Barisal District in the Barisal Division of southern-central Bangladesh.

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Dehergati had 1,112 households and a population of 4,572. It has a total area of 6.56 km2 (2.53 sq mi).

2022 Bangladeshi census
The 2022 Bangladeshi census (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের আদমশুমারি ২০২২) was a detailed enumeration of the Bangladeshi population constituting the sixth national census in the country. It was scheduled to be held in June 2022, was conducted by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, and the reference day used for the census was June 15, 2022. It was initially scheduled to be held in 2021 but was delayed due to complications caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and a lack of equipment.