hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nepal–United States relations
The United States established official relations with Nepal in 1947 and opened its Kathmandu embassy in 1959. Relations between the two countries have always been friendly. U.S. policy objectives toward Nepal center on helping Nepal build a "peaceful, prosperous, and democratic society."

According to the 2012 U.S. Global Leadership Report, 41% of Nepalese people approve of U.S. leadership, with 12% disapproving and 47% uncertain. As of 2012, Nepalese students form the 11th largest group of international students studying in the United States, representing 1.3% of all foreigners pursuing higher education in America.

International student
International students or exchange students, also known as foreign students, are students who undertake all or part of their secondary or tertiary education in a country other than their own.

In 2022, there were over 6.9 million international students, up from 5.12 million in 2016. The most popular destinations were in the Anglosphere. Three countries in particular received 39% of international students: the United States (with 1,126,690 international students), Canada (842,760 students), and the United Kingdom (758,855 students).
Sporisorium ellisii
Sporisorium ellisii is a parasitic species of fungus in the family Ustilaginaceae, a family of smut fungi, that infects various members of Andropogon, a widespread genus of perennial bunchgrasses. In plants infected by S. ellisii, the fungus often invades the reproductive structures, rendering them sterile.

Andropogon
Andropogon (common names: beard grass, bluestem grass, broomsedge) is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family, native to much of Asia, Africa, and the Americas, as well as Southern Europe and various oceanic islands.

Over 100 species have been described.
Sarapady
Sarapady is a small village in Karnataka State, India on the banks of the Nethravathi river in the Bantwal taluk, Dakshina Kannada District.

There were plans of building a dam near it which necessitated the evacuation of the villagers from Sarapady, but the plans have been stalled. However a vented dam in Sarapady now helps MRPL pump water from Nethravathi.

Dakshina Kannada
Dakshina Kannada district is located in the state of Karnataka in India, with its headquarters in the coastal city of Mangaluru. The district covers an area nestled  between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. Dakshina Kannada receives abundant rainfall during the Indian monsoon. It is bordered by Udupi district (formerly a part of this district) to the north, Chikmagalur district to the northeast, Hassan district to the east, Kodagu to the southeast and Kasaragod district of Kerala to the south. According to the 2011 census of India, Dakshina Kannada district had a population of 2,089,649. It is the only district in Karnataka to have all modes of transport - road, rail, water and air - due to the presence of a major hub, Mangaluru. This financial district is also known as the Cradle of Indian banking.
Just a Dash
Just A Dash (1977 – 2 November 2012) was a notable Australian Thoroughbred racehorse, who won the 1981 Melbourne Cup.

He was sired by Whiskey Road (USA). His dam Native Lass (AUS) was by Caranna (AUS).

The horse won the race by 2 ¼ lengths providing T. J. Smith with just his second Melbourne Cup. He was ridden by Peter Cook whose father Billy Cook had himself ridden two previous winners of the race.

Just A Dash was also victorious in the 1981 SAJC Adelaide Cup and the SAJC St. Leger Stakes.

Leading up to the Cup he had placed:

7th in the Herbert Power Handicap behind Flashing Light

6th in the Caulfield Cup behind Silver Bounty

5th in the Dalgety Handicap behind Mr Cromwell

He was put down at Willow Dene Stud near Wollongong at the age of 35 in late 2012. Until his death, he was the oldest surviving Melbourne Cup winner.

Caulfield Cup
The Caulfield Cup is a Melbourne Racing Club Group 1 Thoroughbred horse race held under handicap conditions. 
This is for all horses aged three years old and older. It takes place over a distance of 2400 metres at the Caulfield Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia in mid October. The prize money is A$5,000,000.
Dignified death
Dignified death, death with dignity, dying with dignity or dignity in dying is an ethical concept aimed at avoiding suffering and maintaining control and autonomy in the end-of-life process. In general, it is usually treated as an extension of the concept of dignified life, in which people retain their dignity and freedom until the end of their life.

Although a dignified death can be natural and occur without any type of assistance, the concept is frequently associated with the right to die, as well as with the defense of the legalization of practices such as voluntary euthanasia, physician-assisted suicide, terminal sedation or the refusal of medical assistance. According to its defenders, the possibility of these types of practices would be what would guarantee a dignified death, keeping free decisions until the last moment and avoiding unnecessary agony.

Freedom
Freedom is the power or right to speak, act, and change as one wants without hindrance or restraint. Freedom is often associated with liberty and autonomy in the sense of "giving oneself one's own laws".

In one definition, something is "free" if it can change and is not constrained in its present state. Physicists and chemists use the word in this sense. In its origin, the English word "freedom" relates etymologically to the word "friend". Philosophy and religion sometimes associate it with free will, as an alternative to determinism or predestination.

In modern liberal nations, freedom is considered a right, especially freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and freedom of the press.
Digital Park
Digital Park is a complex of seven modern office buildings located in the Bratislava district Petržalka on Einsteinova Street near the highway D1 (section Viedenská cesta - Prístavný most) and the shopping center Aupark on the opposite side. The main building is connected with Aupark by a footbridge over the highway; it connects the two buildings on their second floors.

Petržalka
Petržalka (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈpetr̩ʐalka]; German: Engerau / Audorf; Hungarian: Pozsonyligetfalu) is the largest borough of Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia. Situated on the right bank of the river Danube, the area shares a land border with Austria, and is home to around 100,000 people.
4th APAN Star Awards
The 4th APAN Star Awards (Korean: 제4회 에이판 스타 어워즈) ceremony was held on November 28, 2015, at Wonju Gymnasium in Wonju, Gangwon Province and was broadcast live on MBC Every 1 and V Live. Lee Hwi-jae, Kim Sung-joo, Lee Hoon and T-ara's Park So-yeon were the host of the award ceremony. First held in 2012, the annual awards ceremony recognizes the excellence in South Korea's television. The nominees were chosen from 98 Korean dramas that aired on broadcasting networks MBC, KBS and SBS and cable channels tvN, jtbc, OCN, MBN and TV Chosun from October 1, 2014, to October 30, 2015.

The highest honor of the ceremony, Grand Prize (Daesang), was awarded to the actor Kim Soo-hyun of the drama series The Producers.

The Producers (TV series)
The Producers (Korean: 프로듀사) is a 2015 South Korean comedy-drama television series written by Park Ji-eun, and directed by Seo Soo-min and Pyo Min-soo. It stars Cha Tae-hyun, Gong Hyo-jin, Kim Soo-hyun, and Lee Ji-eun. It aired on KBS2 from May 15 to June 20, 2015 every Friday and Saturday at 21:15 (KST) for 12 episodes.
Nanjing Road (Taipei)
Nanjing Road (Chinese: 南京路; pinyin: Nánjīng Lù) is a major arterial road in Taipei, Taiwan, connecting the Datong district in the west with the Zhongshan and Songshan districts in the east. Nanjing Road is known for heavy traffic channeling from the MacArthur Bridge into central Taipei.  There are bus lanes and platforms in the middle of the roadway to facilitate transit on the roadway. Taipei Metro’s Green line runs under Nanjing Road for most of the corridor.

Arterial road
An arterial road or arterial thoroughfare is a high-capacity urban road that sits below highways on the road hierarchy in terms of traffic flow and speed. The primary function of an arterial road is to deliver traffic from collector roads to highways or expressways, and between urban hubs at a relatively high level of service. Therefore, many arteries are limited-access roads or feature restrictions on private access. Because of their relatively high accessibility, many major roads face large amounts of land use and urban development, making them significant urban places.

In traffic engineering hierarchy, an arterial road delivers traffic between collector roads and highways. For new arterial roads, intersections are often reduced to increase traffic flow. In California, arterial roads are usually spaced every half mile, and have intersecting collector(s) and streets.
Robert Fergusson
Robert Fergusson (5 September 1750 – 17 October 1774) was a Scottish poet. After formal education at the University of St Andrews, Fergusson led a bohemian life in Edinburgh, the city of his birth, then at the height of intellectual and cultural ferment as part of the Scottish Enlightenment. Many of his extant poems were printed from 1771 onwards in Walter Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine, and a collected works was first published early in 1773. Despite a short life, his career was highly influential, especially through its impact on Robert Burns. He wrote both Scottish English and the Scots language, and it is his vivid and masterly writing in the latter leid for which he is principally acclaimed.

Pastoral
The pastoral genre of literature, art, or music depicts an idealised form of the shepherd's lifestyle – herding livestock around open areas of land according to the seasons and the changing availability of water and pasture.  The target audience is typically an urban one. A pastoral is a work of this genre. A piece of music in the genre is usually referred to as a pastorale.

The genre is also known as bucolic, from the Greek βουκολικόν, from βουκόλος, meaning a cowherd.
1999 NAPA Autocare 500
The 1999 NAPA Autocare 500 was the 28th stock car race of the 1999 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 51st iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, October 3, 1999, before an audience of 62,000 in Martinsville, Virginia at Martinsville Speedway, a 0.526 miles (0.847 km) permanent oval-shaped short track. The race took the scheduled 500 laps to complete. Within the final laps of the race, Hendrick Motorsports driver Jeff Gordon was able to hold off the field on the final restart with 19 to go to take his 48th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory, his sixth victory of the season and it marked Gordon's first race & win without Ray Evernham as his crew chief. To fill out the top three, Richard Childress Racing driver Dale Earnhardt and Joe Bessey Racing driver Geoff Bodine would finish second and third, respectively.

Joe Bessey
Joseph W. Bessey (born June 25, 1961) is an American former NASCAR owner/driver. He won one career Busch Series race before heading back to the Busch Grand National North Series in 2001, where he continues to field teams. In his driving career in that series in the mid-1990s, he won 21 races and two championships. Bessey is also a businessman, having started his own trucking companies in his 20s.
September 1959 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Thursday, September 17, 1959, with an umbral magnitude of −0.0495. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 6.1 days before apogee (on September 23, 1959, at 2:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

Lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse, also called a blood moon, is an astronomical event that occurs when the Moon orbits through Earth's shadow.‍‍ Lunar eclipses occur during eclipse season, when the Moon's orbital plane is approximately in line with Earth and the Sun. The type and length of a lunar eclipse depend on the Moon's proximity to the lunar node.‍‍ In contrast with illusive and short-lasting solar eclipses, lunar eclipses can be observed from anywhere on the night side of Earth and often last for an hour or longer. Lunar eclipses are safe to observe without eye protection.

Lunar eclipses are notable for causing the Moon to appear orange or red. This occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra, necessitating any sunlight that reaches the Moon to first pass through the Earth's atmosphere. The resulting Rayleigh scattering removes high-wavelength colors such as violet and blue from the incoming light before it reflects off the lunar surface and is observed on Earth.
WCAZ
WCAZ (1510 kHz) is a farm/country formatted AM radio station, licensed to Carthage, Illinois. Because the station shares the same frequency as clear-channel station WLAC in Nashville, Tennessee, WCAZ broadcasts only during the daytime. However, its FM translator, W256DZ on 99.1 MHz, also provides nighttime operation.

Carthage, Illinois
Carthage is a city in and the county seat of Hancock County, Illinois, United States. Its population was 2,490 as of the 2020 census. Carthage is best known for being the site of the 1844 killing of Joseph Smith, who founded the Latter Day Saint movement.
Congenital blindness
Congenital blindness refers to blindness present at birth. Congenital blindness is sometimes used interchangeably with "Childhood Blindness." However, current literature has various definitions of both terms. Childhood blindness encompasses multiple diseases and conditions present in ages up to 16 years old, which can result in permanent blindness or severe visual impairment over time. Congenital blindness is a hereditary disease and can be treated by gene therapy. Visual loss in children or infants can occur either at the prenatal stage (during the time of conception or intrauterine period) or postnatal stage (immediately after birth). There are multiple possible causes of congenital blindness. In general, 60% of congenital blindness cases are contributed from prenatal stage and 40% are contributed from inherited disease. However, most of the congenital blindness cases show that it can be avoidable or preventable with early treatment.

Coloboma
A coloboma (from the Greek κολόβωμα, meaning "defect") is a hole in one of the structures of the eye, such as the iris, retina, choroid, or optic disc. The hole is present from birth and can be caused when a gap called the choroid fissure, which is present during early stages of prenatal development, fails to close up completely before a child is born. Ocular coloboma is relatively uncommon, affecting less than one in every 10,000 births.

The classical description in medical literature is of a keyhole-shaped defect. A coloboma can occur in one eye (unilateral) or both eyes (bilateral). Most cases of coloboma affect only the iris. The level of vision impairment of those with a coloboma can range from having no vision problems to being able to see only light or dark, depending on the position and extent of the coloboma (or colobomata if more than one is present).
Wolgast (surname)
Wolgast is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ad Wolgast (1888–1955), American boxer

Elizabeth Wolgast (1929–2020), American philosopher

Larry Wolgast (born 1940), American politician

Midget Wolgast (1910–1955), American boxer

Otto Wolgast (c. 1640-1681), early Mennonite and one of the first settlers of Lewes, Delaware.

Larry Wolgast
Larry E. Wolgast is an American politician who served as Mayor of Topeka, Kansas from 2013 to 2018. He previously served as Kansas Secretary of Human Resources during the administration of Governor John W. Carlin.
Lanark Lanimers
Every June the town of Lanark in Scotland celebrates Lanimer Galaday. The festivities reach a high point on the Thursday of Lanimer Week, when the town's schoolchildren parade in fancy dress with decorated vehicles, pipe bands, and a Lanimer Queen and her Court, who have been selected from local schools.

The Lanimer celebrations are based on King David I (r. 1124–1153) granting Lanark the status of Royal Burgh during his reign. A condition of the charter stated that the merchants of the town must inspect their March or boundary stones each year. This duty has been carried out every year since then, and the Land Marches became transformed over time into the annual celebrations.

Monarch
A monarch (/ˈmɒnərk/) is a head of state for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch usually exercises the highest authority and power in the state. Usually, a monarch either personally inherits the lawful right to exercise the state's sovereign rights (often referred to as the throne or the crown) or is selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation's monarch. Alternatively, an individual may proclaim oneself monarch, or even usurp power, as many Ancient Greek tyrants did. If a young child is crowned the monarch, then a regent is often appointed to govern until the monarch reaches the requisite adult age to rule.
Bergland, Michigan
Bergland is a census-designated place (CDP) and the primary community in Bergland Township, Ontonagon County, Michigan, United States. It is situated on the north shore of Lake Gogebic, the largest natural inland lake on the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Highway M-28 passes through the center of town, leading east 19 miles (31 km) to Bruce Crossing and southwest 20 miles (32 km) to Wakefield. M-64 leads north from Bergland 17 miles (27 km) to the shore of Lake Superior and 30 miles (48 km) to Ontonagon, the county seat. Bergland is bordered to the west by the Lake Gogebic CDP.

The community was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

Lake Gogebic
Lake Gogebic  (/ɡoʊˈɡiːbɪk/ goh-GHEE-bik or /ɡoʊˈɡɪbɪk/ goh-GHIB-ik) is the largest natural inland lake of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. It is located within the one million acre (4,000 km2) Ottawa National Forest. Lake Gogebic State Park is located along its western shore.

It is in the far western end of the Upper Peninsula, close to the Wisconsin border, and in parts of two counties, Gogebic County and Ontonagon County. The lake is also in two time zones, central and eastern.

Though the lake is a natural body of water, the level is regulated by the Upper Peninsula Power Company through its Bergland Dam located downstream on the West Branch of the Ontonagon River.

In 2005 a state Department of Natural Resources survey found Black bullhead, Black crappie, Brown bullhead, Burbot, Cisco, Common shiner, Creek chub, Golden shiner, Northern pike, Pumpkinseed, Rock bass, Smallmouth bass, Walleye, White sucker, and Yellow perch in the lake.
Mount Bogart
Mount Bogart is a 3,144-metre (10,315-foot) summit located in Kananaskis Country in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. Mount Bogart's nearest higher peak is Wind Mountain, 4.7 km (2.9 mi) to the north. Mount Bogart is situated northwest of Mount Kidd, and both can be seen from Highway 40 near the Kananaskis Village junction.

Kananaskis Country
Kananaskis Country (also known as K-Country) is a multi-use area located west of Calgary in the foothills and front ranges of the Canadian Rockies, Alberta, Canada. Kananaskis Country has also been referred to as a recreation area and a park system.

The area's western edge borders Banff National Park and the Alberta-British Columbia border. The region owes its name to the Kananaskis River, which was named by John Palliser in 1858 after a legendary Cree Native. Covering an area of approximately 4,000 km2 (1,500 sq mi), Kananaskis Country was established by the Alberta Government in 1978 to provide a variety of land uses and designations. Land uses include resource extraction activities (such as forestry, cattle grazing, water, oil and gas), recreation, power generation, and residential communities. Land designations include public land and protected areas.
AMT Lightning 25/22
The AMT Lightning 25/22 was a .22 LR-caliber semi-automatic rifle manufactured by Arcadia Machine & Tool (AMT).

As is alluded to in the nomenclature, the Lightning 25/22 is functionally a clone of the Ruger 10/22 with the substitution of a larger 25-round magazine instead of the 10-round magazine used by Ruger.

Semi-automatic rifle
A semi-automatic rifle is a type of self-loading rifle that fires a single round each time the trigger is pulled while automatically loading the next cartridge. Such rifles were developed before World War II and were widely used throughout that war. Rifles are firearms designed to be fired while held with both hands and braced against the shooter's shoulder for stability. Externally similar shotguns can fire multiple pellets simultaneously through a smoothbore, while rifle barrels are rifled to spin-stabilize individual bullets. The actions of semi-automatic rifles use a portion of the fired cartridge's energy to eject the spent casing and load a new round into the chamber, readying the rifle to be fired again. This design differs from manually operated rifles such as bolt-action and lever-action rifles, which need to chamber a cartridge manually before firing again, and automatic rifles, which continue firing as long as the trigger remains depressed.
Elimelech (given name)
Elimelech is a biblical figure in the Book of Ruth.

Other people with the given name Elimelech include:

Elimelech of Lizhensk (1717–1787), Polish rabbi

Elimelech Biderman (born 1967), Israeli rabbi

Elimelech Szapira (1823–1892), Polish Hasidic rebbe

Elimelekh Rimalt (1907– 1987), Israeli politician and Zionist activist

Elimelech
Elimelech is a biblical figure mentioned in the Book of Ruth.

According to The Jewish Encyclopedia, Elimelech is a descendant of the Tribe of Judah, and was the husband of Naomi and the father of Machalon and Chilyon. The family lived in Bethlehem in Judea. Due to famine, Elimelech and his family left the Land of Israel and settled in Moab, where he died.

His children, Machalon and Chilyon, married two Moabite women, Ruth and Arpah. When Elimelech's two sons later died, Naomi and Ruth returned to Bethlehem. Ruth later married Boaz, a relative of Elimelech.
Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate
Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate, sold under the brand name Taclonex among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication of the synthetic vitamin D3 analog calcipotriol (also known as calcipotriene) and the synthetic corticosteroid betamethasone dipropionate for the treatment of plaque psoriasis. It is provided in the form of ointment, topical suspension/ gel, aerosol foam and cream.

Ointment and topical suspensions are both available as a generic medication.

Corticosteroid
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, and also their synthetic analogues. The two main classes of corticosteroids – glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids – are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior.

Some common naturally occurring steroid hormones are cortisol (C21H30O5), corticosterone (C21H30O4), cortisone (C21H28O5) and aldosterone (C21H28O5) (cortisone and aldosterone are isomers). The main corticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex are cortisol and aldosterone.