hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Harmonic morphism
In mathematics, a harmonic morphism is a (smooth) map  between Riemannian manifolds that pulls back real-valued harmonic functions on the codomain to harmonic functions on the domain. Harmonic morphisms form a special class of harmonic maps, namely those that are horizontally (weakly) conformal.

In local coordinates,  on  and  on , the harmonicity of  is expressed by the non-linear system

where  and  are the Christoffel symbols on  and , respectively.  The horizontal conformality is given by

where the conformal factor  is a continuous function called the dilation. Harmonic morphisms are therefore solutions to non-linear over-determined systems of partial differential equations, determined by the geometric data of the manifolds involved.  For this reason, they  are difficult to find and have no general existence theory, not even locally.

Complex plane
In mathematics, the complex plane is the plane formed by the complex numbers, with a Cartesian coordinate system such that the horizontal x-axis, called the real axis, is formed by the real numbers, and the vertical y-axis, called the imaginary axis, is formed by the imaginary numbers.

The complex plane allows for a geometric interpretation of complex numbers. Under addition, they add like vectors. The multiplication of two complex numbers can be expressed more easily in polar coordinates: the magnitude or modulus of the product is the product of the two absolute values, or moduli, and the angle or argument of the product is the sum of the two angles, or arguments. In particular, multiplication by a complex number of modulus 1 acts as a rotation.

The complex plane is sometimes called the Argand plane or Gauss plane.
KWWN
KWWN (1100 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Las Vegas, Nevada, and airing a sports radio format.  It is owned by Lotus Communications with studios on West Flamingo Road in Spring Valley while using a Las Vegas address.  KWWN carries a mix of local sports shows and ESPN Radio hosts.  Live sports heard on KWWN include the UNLV Rebels football and men's basketball teams along with the Las Vegas Aces of the WNBA and the Los Angeles Lakers of the NBA.
 
By day, KWWN is powered at 22,000 watts.  But at night, to protect other stations on 1100 AM, a clear channel frequency, KWWN reduces power to 2,000 watts and uses a directional antenna with a four-tower array.  The transmitter is off North Martin Luther King Boulevard near West Brooks Avenue in North Las Vegas.  Programming is also heard on 35-watt FM translator K265EZ at 100.9 MHz in Henderson.

Tower array
A tower array is an arrangement of multiple radio towers which are mast radiators in a phased array. They were originally developed as ground-based tracking radars. Tower arrays can consist of free-standing or guyed towers or a mix of them. Tower arrays are used to constitute a directional antenna of a mediumwave or longwave radio station.

The number of towers in a tower array can vary.
In many arrays all towers have the same height, but there are also arrays of towers of different height. The arrangement can vary. For directional antennas with fixed radiation pattern, linear arrangements are preferred, while for switchable directional patterns (usually for daytime groundwave versus nighttime skywave), square arrangements are chosen.
Marta Tagliaferro
Marta Tagliaferro (born 4 November 1989 in Noventa Vicentina, Italy) is an Italian former track and road racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2009 and 2020 for the Gauss RDZ Ormu–Colnago, Top Girls Fassa Bortolo–Ghezzi, Alé–Cipollini, Cylance Pro Cycling and Hitec Products–Birk Sport teams. As a junior rider Tagliaferro won three Italian national titles in 2007: two on the track and one on the road. She became under-23 European champion in the points race at the 2009 European Track Championships.

Gauss RDZ Ormu
Gauss (UCI team code: GAU) was an Italian professional cycling team, which competed in elite road bicycle racing events such as the UCI Women's Road World Cup. For the 2012 season the team merged with MCipollini–Giambenini.
Dayton District
The Dayton District is a railroad line owned and operated by the Norfolk Southern Railway in the U.S. state of Ohio. The line runs from Columbus southwest to Cincinnati along former Pennsylvania Railroad and New York Central Railroad lines. Its east end is at or near the Columbus District, Sandusky District, and West Virginia Secondary; its south end is in Ivorydale, where it meets the Indiana and Ohio Railway's Midland Subdivision, and just past that in Winton Place, where it meets CSX Transportation's Cincinnati Terminal Subdivision. Along the way, it junctions the New Castle District at Evendale.

Cincinnati Terminal Subdivision
The Cincinnati Terminal Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. states of Kentucky and Ohio. The line is part of the CSX Transportation Louisville Division and the Northern Region. There are seven sections to the Cincinnati Terminal Subdivision. The seven sections are as follows:

Butler St. to Winton Pl. – Hamilton, Ohio to Cincinnati, Ohio (19.1 miles)

Hamilton to Belt Junction – Hamilton, Ohio (1.5 miles)

(Hamilton Belt Line tracks have been removed).

NA Tower to CT Junction – Cincinnati, Ohio (6.6 miles)

RH West to CT Junction – Cincinnati, Ohio (4.8 miles)

CT Junction to Spring Lake – Cincinnati, Ohio to Covington, Kentucky (9.5 miles)

NX Cabin to South Latonia – Covington, Kentucky (4.4 miles)

Melbourne to KC Junction – Melbourne, Kentucky to Covington, Kentucky (12.6 miles)
Panthéon-Sorbonne University School of Law
Sorbonne Law School, officially the Panthéon-Sorbonne University School of Law, is the law school of the Panthéon-Sorbonne University (Paris-I). It is one of the two successors to the University of Paris Faculty of Law, along with the Assas Law School and is located in the Panthéon Centre, in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, on the Place du Panthéon.

Its motto, in Latin, is: "Omnibus sapientia, unicuique excellentia" ("knowledge for all, excellence for each").

It is the best law faculty in France, 6th in Europe and 17th in the world according to the QS Top universities ranking, ahead of the UCLA School of Law or the Ivy League Cornell Law School. It is also ranked as the 1st non-English speaking law faculty worldwide by the same ranking.

Law school
A law school (also known as a law centre/center, college of law, or faculty of law) is an institution, professional school, or department of a college or university specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a judge, lawyer, or other legal professional within a given jurisdiction. Depending on the country, legal system, or desired qualifications, the coursework is undertaken at undergraduate, graduate, or both levels.
Santa María District, Panama
Santa María District is a district (distrito) of Herrera Province in Panama. The population according to the 2000 census was 6,992. The district covers a total area of 158 km2. The capital lies at the city of Santa María.

2000 Panamanian census
The 2000 Panamanian census gathered important demographic and economic data for the Panama. It was the tenth national census of population and sixth of housing. It was conducted on May 14, 2000, by the Republic of Panama General Directorate of Statistics and Census.
Malonic acid
Malonic acid  is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2. The ionized form of malonic acid, as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates. For example, diethyl malonate is malonic acid's diethyl ester. The name originates from the Greek word μᾶλον (malon) meaning 'apple'.

Ethyl group
In organic chemistry, an ethyl group (abbreviated as ET, Et or et) is an alkyl substituent with the formula −CH2CH3, derived from ethane (C2H6).

Ethyl is used in the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry's nomenclature of organic chemistry for a saturated two-carbon moiety in a molecule, while the prefix "eth-" is used to indicate the presence of two carbon atoms in the molecule.
Yao Chun-yao
Yao Chun-yao or Jack Yao (Chinese: 姚淳耀; pinyin: Yáo Chúnyào; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Iâu Sûn-iāu; born 29 October 1984) is a Taiwanese actor and television host. He is best known for his role in the critically acclaimed 2010 Taiwanese film Au Revoir Taipei, which won the NETPAC Award at the 2010 Berlin International Film Festival. He is also known for hosting the Taiwanese long-running television show Stories in Taiwan. He won Best Host for a Travel Program at the 51st Golden Bell Awards.

51st Golden Bell Awards
The 51st Golden Bell Awards (Mandarin:第51屆金鐘獎) was held on October 8, 2016 at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Taipei, Taiwan. The ceremony was broadcast live by Sanlih E-Television. Jacky Wu and comedian group Plungon hosted the ceremony.
Pischke
Pischke is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Garth Pischke (born 1955), Canadian volleyball coach

Taylor Pischke (born 1993), Canadian volleyball player

Tom Pischke (born 1982), American politician

Taylor Wilson (volleyball)
Taylor Mackenzie Wilson (née Pischke; born April 18, 1993) is a Canadian professional volleyball player. She has won seven Canadian national titles (four indoor volleyball and three beach volleyball), including the women's volleyball championship in 2014.
1904 Devonport by-election
The 1904 Devonport by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 20 June 1904. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

UK parliamentary by-elections
In the United Kingdom, a parliamentary by-election occurs following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons. They are often seen as a test of the rival political parties' fortunes between general elections.
Katov (Brno-Country District)
Katov is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Katov lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) north-west of Brno and 159 km (99 mi) south-east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
George Gaul
George Gaul (September 22, 1885 – October 6, 1939) was an American stage actor in the first half of the 20th century. As far as is known Gaul never appeared in motion pictures but was one America's most successful stage actors in the 1920s. He was born in Philadelphia to John Gall and his wife Rebecca (née Baxter). He was educated at Lawrenceville Preparatory School in Lawrenceville, New Jersey and made his Broadway debut in 1909. Over the course of his career he toured with Billie Burke, Otis Skinner and Charles Coburn. In the 1920s he appeared in the Theatre Guild's The S.S. Tenacity and Back to Methuselah. He's best remembered for originating the part of Chico in the original Broadway production of Seventh Heaven in 1922. One of his last plays was Eugene O'Neill's Dynamo (1929). Gaul made his last stage appearance in 1932.

Back to Methuselah
Back to Methuselah (A Metabiological Pentateuch) by George Bernard Shaw consists of a preface (The Infidel Half Century) and a series of five plays: In the Beginning: B.C. 4004 (In the Garden of Eden), The Gospel of the Brothers Barnabas: Present Day, The Thing Happens: A.D. 2170, Tragedy of an Elderly Gentleman: A.D. 3000, and As Far as Thought Can Reach: A.D. 31,920.

All were written during 1918 to 1920 and published simultaneously by Constable (London) and Brentano's (New York) in 1921. They were first performed in 1922 by the New York Theatre Guild at the old Garrick Theatre in New York City and, in Britain, at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre in 1923.
LHD
LHD can mean:

Landing helicopter dock, a type of warship.

Large Helical Device, a major Japanese nuclear fusion reactor.

Leatherhead railway station, Surrey, England, by National Rail station code

Left hand drive, a vehicle with the driving controls mounted on the left side of the cabin. Used in most countries where traffic travels on the right-hand side of the road.

Liechtenstein Homeland Service, a defunct corporatist party in Liechtenstein.

Limburgse Handbal Dagen, a handball tournament in Limburg.

Linear heat detection, a type of fire alarm system utilized in tunnels and special hazards.

Litterarum Humanarum Doctor, Latin for Doctor of Humane Letters, an honorary academic degree for persons with significant accomplishments in fields other than science.

Load, haul, dump machine, a vehicle used in underground mining.

Local health department, government agencies in the United States.

Lake Hood Seaplane Base near Anchorage, Alaska (FAA location code: LHD)

Linear heat detection
Linear heat detection (LHD) (also known as linear detection wire or linear heat detection cable or linear heat) is a very commonly used method of fire detection. It can detect a fire anywhere along the length of the cable, and can be of lengths in excess of a kilometer.

Applications can range from building fire alarm systems to mobile plant machinery.
Leiopterella
Leiopterella is a genus of prehistoric eurypterid of the family Rhenopteridae. It contains one species, Leiopterella tetliei, from the Early Devonian of Nunavut, Canada. The name is said to be derived from the Greek leios (meaning "smooth") and pteros (meaning "wing", a suffix traditionally applied to many eurypterid genera). The proper word for wing in ancient Greek is however pteron (πτερόν). The species name honors Dr. O. Erik Tetlie for his contributions to the study of fossil eurypterids.

Early Devonian
The Early Devonian is the first of three epochs comprising the Devonian period, corresponding to the Lower Devonian series. It lasted from 419.62 ± 1.36 to 393.47 ± 0.99 and began with the Lochkovian Stage 419.62 ± 1.36 to 413.02 ± 0.99, which was followed by the Pragian from 413.02 ± 1.36 to 410.62 ± 0.99 and then by the Emsian, which lasted until the Middle Devonian began, 393.47± 0.99 million years ago.
During this time, the first ammonoids appeared, descending from bactritoid nautiloids. Ammonoids during this time period were simple and differed little from their nautiloid counterparts. These ammonoids belong to the order Agoniatitida, which in later epochs evolved to new ammonoid orders, for example Goniatitida and Clymeniida. This class of cephalopod molluscs would dominate the marine fauna until the beginning of the Mesozoic Era.
Arcticaborg
Arcticaborg (Арктикаборг) is an icebreaking platform supply vessel. She was previously operated by Wagenborg Kazakhstan in the Caspian Sea but was transferred to Canada in 2017 and acquired by Fathom Offshore in 2018. In 2019, she was contract to Russia for two years.

Arcticaborg and her sister ship, Antarcticaborg, were built by Kværner Masa-Yards in Helsinki, Finland, in 1998. They are the first full developments of the double acting ship concept and among the first icebreakers equipped with Azipods, electric azimuth thrusters manufactured by ABB.

Platform supply vessel
A platform supply vessel (PSV) is a ship specially designed to supply offshore oil and gas platforms and other offshore installations. They typically range from 50 to 100 metres (160 to 330 ft) in length and are distinguished by the large open deck area used to store supplies and house equipment and to allow for efficient loading and offloading. The primary function for most of these vessels is logistic support and transportation of goods, tools, equipment, and personnel to and from their destination.

They belong to the broad category of offshore vessels (OSVs) which includes Service Operation Vessels  (SOVs), Construction Support Vessels (CSVs), well stimulation vessels (WSVs) and anchor handling tug supply vessels (AHTSVs).
Owyhee
Owyhee or Owhyhee is an older English spelling of Hawaiʻi, used in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It is found in the names of certain locations in the American part of the Pacific Northwest, which were explored and mapped by expeditions whose members included native Hawaiians:

Owyhee, Idaho, an unincorporated community in Ada County

Owyhee, Nevada, a community in north-central Nevada

Owyhee County, Idaho, the southwesternmost county of Idaho

Owyhee River, a river in Idaho, Nevada, and Oregon
Owyhee Dam, a dam on the river

Lake Owyhee, a lake in Oregon

Owyhee Desert, a desert in Nevada and Idaho

Owyhee Mountains, a mountain range in Idaho and Oregon

Owyhee County, Idaho
Owyhee County (/oʊˈwaɪ.hiː/ oh-WYE-hee) is a county in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,913. The county seat is Murphy, and its largest city is Homedale. In area it is the second-largest county in Idaho, behind Idaho County. Owyhee County is part of the Boise metropolitan area and contains slightly more than half of the Duck Valley Indian Reservation, which extends over the Nevada border, into Elko County. The majority of the federally recognized Shoshone-Paiute Tribe that is associated with this reservation lives on the Nevada side; its tribal center is in Owyhee, Nevada.
1998 South Dakota gubernatorial election
The 1998 South Dakota gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1998, to elect a Governor of South Dakota. Republican incumbent Bill Janklow was re-elected, defeating Democratic nominee Bernie Hunhoff.

Governor of South Dakota
The governor of South Dakota is the head of government of South Dakota. The governor is elected to a four-year term in even years when there is no presidential election.

The current governor is Larry Rhoden, a member of the Republican Party who took office on January 25, 2025 upon Kristi Noem's resignation following her confirmation as Secretary of Homeland Security by the United States Senate.
Cut (gems)
A gemstone desired to be used in jewelry is cut, carved or made into a bead. The best quality rough is cut, also often referred to as faceting. This is done by a lapidary who decides how to reshape the gemstone using knowledge of the refractive index of gemstones to maximise any particular crystal's colour or play of light. As a general rule, a cut gemstone will be reduced in mass (in carats) by about 50%.

Among the several techniques used to work with gemstones are sawing, grinding, sanding, lapping, polishing, grilling, and tumbling. The diamond cut planning stage is a complex process that requires the cutter to work with unique rough stones. Very often, the location of the inclusions in a rough stone will determine the type of shape to which a diamond may be cut. For economic reasons, most diamonds are cut to retain weight instead of maximizing brilliance. How diamonds have been cut has evolved over time largely to technological advances.

Tumble finishing
Tumble finishing, also known as tumbling or rumbling, is a technique for smoothing and polishing a rough surface on relatively small parts.  In the field of metalworking, a similar process called barreling, or barrel finishing, works upon the same principles.

Tumbled stones are made with rock tumblers in a process very similar to the natural processes that produce "sea glass" or "beach glass".
Pseudoboletus
Pseudoboletus is a genus of fungus in the family Boletaceae. The genus contains two species found in north temperate areas that grow in a parasitic association with species of Scleroderma and Pisolithus, or Astraeus.

Astraeus
In Greek mythology, Astraeus (/əˈstriːəs/) or Astraios (Ancient Greek: Ἀστραῖος, romanized: Astraîos, lit. 'starry') is the son of Crius and Eurybia and the consort of Eos (goddess of the dawn). He is said to be the father of the winds.
Kirchtimke
Kirchtimke is a municipality in the district of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

Kirchtimke belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Kirchtimke, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.

Real union
Real union is a union of two or more states, which share some state institutions in contrast to personal unions; however, they are not as unified as states in a political union. It is a development from personal union and has historically been limited to monarchies.

Unlike personal unions, real unions almost exclusively led to a reduction of sovereignty for the politically weaker constituent. That was the case with Lithuania and Norway, which came under the influence of stronger neighbors, Poland and Denmark respectively, with which each of them had shared a personal union previously.

Sometimes, however, a real union came about after a period of political union. The most notable example of such a move is the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen), which achieved equal status to Austria (which exercised control over the "Cisleithanian" crown lands) in Austria-Hungary following the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867.
Kannum Kannum Kalanthu
"Kannum Kannum Kalanthu" is a Tamil song from the 1958 film Vanjikottai Valiban, directed by S. S. Vasan. The song was composed by C. Ramchandra, and R.Vaidyanathan, lyrics penned by Kothamangalam Subbu and sung by P. Leela and Jikki. The song was remade in Hindi by C. Ramchandra  "Aaja To Aaja" from Raj Tilak composed by  written by P. L. Santoshi with Asha Bhosle and Sudha Malhotra rendered their voice. The song was picturised at the Gemini Studios at Chennai. The song was well received along with the dance number picturised on Vyjayanthimala and Padmini was a super success.

Sudha Malhotra
Sudha Malhotra (born 30 November 1936) is an Indian playback singer. She also acted in some Bollywood films and as a playback singer, worked in popular Bollywood movies in the 1950s and 1960s, like Arzoo, Babar, Dhool Ka Phool, Ab Dilli Door Nahin, Girlfriend, Barsat Ki Rat, Didi and Dekh Kabira Roya. She was last heard in Raj Kapoor's Prem Rog (1982) in the song "Yeh Pyar Tha Ya Kuch Aur Tha". Apart from Hindi songs, she sang many popular Marathi songs (Bhavgeet) with Arun Date.

She was awarded the Padma Shri by Government of India in 2013.