hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
President of the Louisiana State Senate
The president of the Louisiana State Senate is the highest-ranking member of the Louisiana State Senate. The president convenes the session and calls members to order, and can designate another state senator as the presiding officer.

The Louisiana state senate president is fifth in gubernatorial line of succession in Louisiana. The president's counterpart in the lower house of the Louisiana Legislature is the Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representatives, currently Republican Phillip DeVillier.

Phillip DeVillier
Phillip Ryan DeVillier (born June 8, 1976) is a Republican member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for District 41 in Acadia, Evangeline, and St. Landry parishes in south Louisiana and also currently serving as Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representatives. On January 11, 2016, DeVillier succeeded term-limited Democratic Representative Mickey Guillory.

In the October 24, 2015 primary election, DeVillier led a three-candidate field with 6,308 votes (55.8 percent). He defeated another Republican, former Representative Gregory L. Fruge, who polled 3,036 votes (26.9 percent), and Democrat Germaine Simpson, who finished with 1,956 votes (17.3 percent).

DeVillier was brought up in Eunice, Louisiana. He owns DeVillier House Movers in St. Landry Parish. He and his wife have three children.
Amish Grace
Amish Grace is a television film that premiered on the Lifetime Movie Network on Palm Sunday, March 28, 2010.  The film is based on the 2006 West Nickel Mines School shooting at Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania, and the spirit of forgiveness the Amish community demonstrated in its aftermath.

The film stars Kimberly Williams-Paisley, Tammy Blanchard, and Matt Letscher and is based on the book Amish Grace: How Forgiveness Transcended Tragedy, Jossey-Bass, 2007, ISBN 0-7879-9761-7, by Donald Kraybill, Steven Nolt, and David L. Weaver-Zercher. Amish Grace was executive-produced by Larry A. Thompson, written by Sylvie White and Teena Booth, and directed by Gregg Champion.

Steven Nolt
Steven M. Nolt (born 1968) is an American scholar. He serves as Senior Scholar and Professor of History and Anabaptist Studies at the Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies at Elizabethtown College. He is the author of sixteen books, which deal with Mennonite, Amish, and broader Pennsylvania German history and culture. Nolt is a frequent source for journalists and other researching Anabaptist groups. He was often quoted in the aftermath of the 2006 West Nickel Mines School shooting at Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania.
TBR1
T-box, brain, 1 is a transcription factor protein important in vertebrate embryo development.  It is encoded by the TBR1 gene. This gene is also known by several other names: T-Brain 1, TBR-1, TES-56, and MGC141978.  TBR1 is a member of the TBR1 subfamily of T-box family transcription factors, which share a common DNA-binding domain. Other members of the TBR1 subfamily include EOMES and TBX21. TBR1 is involved in the differentiation and migration of neurons and is required for normal brain development. TBR1 interacts with various genes and proteins in order to regulate cortical development, specifically within layer VI of the developing six-layered human cortex. Studies show that TBR1 may play a role in major neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

GABA
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system. Its principal role is reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.

GABA is sold as a dietary supplement in many countries. It has been traditionally thought that exogenous GABA (i.e., taken as a supplement) does not cross the blood–brain barrier, but data obtained from more recent research (2010s) in rats describes the notion as being unclear.

The carboxylate form of GABA is γ-aminobutyrate.
Yotha F.C.
Yotha Football Club was a football club from Vientiane, Laos. Founded in 1997, the club was formerly known as MCTPC FC (Ministry of Communication, Transportation, Post and Construction), before changing their name to MPWT FC (Ministry of Public Works and Transport) in 2008. The club changed their name again to Yotha FC for the 2012 season. The club has won 3 championships of the Lao League in 2002, 2003 and 2011 and the Prime Minister's Cup in 2003 and 2007.

Vientiane
Vientiane{{efn|/viˌɛntiˈɑːn/ vee-EN-tee-AHN; Lao: ວຽງຈັນ, Viangchan, pronounced [wíaŋ tɕàn] is the capital of Laos. Comprising the 5 urban districts of Vientiane Prefecture, the city is located on the banks of the Mekong, close to the border with Thailand. Vientiane was the administrative capital during French rule. The city had a population of 840,000 as of the 2023 census.

Vientiane is the home of Pha That Luang, an icon of Buddhism in Laos. Other Buddhist temples can be found there, such as Haw Phra Kaew, which formerly housed the Emerald Buddha.

The city is rated as 'suffiency' by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.
Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz
Jarosław Leon Iwaszkiewicz (Polish pronunciation: [jar'ɔswav l'ɛɔn ivaʂkʲ'ɛvʲit͡ʂ]; also known under his literary pseudonym Eleuter; 20 February 1894 – 2 March 1980), was a Polish writer, poet, essayist, dramatist and translator. He is recognized for his literary achievements, beginning with poetry and prose written after World War I. After 1989, he was often presented as a political opportunist during his mature years lived in communist Poland, where he held high offices (participated in the slander of Polish expatriates, literary and other figures who after World War II remained in the West). He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature four times. In 1988, he was recognized as a Righteous Among the Nations for his role in sheltering Jews during World War II.

Medal of the 10th Anniversary of People's Poland
The Medal of the 10th Anniversary of People's Poland (Polish: Medal 10-lecia Polski Ludowej) is a former Polish civil state award established by the Council of State on 23 May 1954 to recognize services to the state.

The medal was created to mark the tenth anniversary of the post-World War II establishment of communist Poland, identified with the PKWN Manifesto of 22 July 1944. It was designed by Polish sculptor Józef Gosławski.

The medal was awarded between 22 July 1954 and 22 July 1955. It was disestablished in 1992. Recipients included Janina Dziarnowska.

Similar medals were later established to mark the 30th anniversary (in 1974) and 40th anniversary (in 1984) of "People's Poland".
Michael Cashmore (businessman)
Michael Cashmore Hebrew: מיכאל קאשמור   (7 March 1815 – 17 October 1886) was a merchant, the first Jewish settler of Melbourne, Victoria, and remembered for his haberdashery business in Melbourne's first brick building, "Cashmore's Corner"  at 1 Elizabeth Street.

Haberdasher
In British English, a haberdasher is a business or person who sells small articles for sewing, dressmaking and knitting, such as buttons, ribbons and zips; in the United States, the term refers instead to  a men's clothing store that sells  suits, shirts, neckties, men's dress shoes and other items.
Meyer–Schuster rearrangement
The Meyer–Schuster rearrangement is the chemical reaction described as an acid-catalyzed rearrangement of secondary and tertiary propargyl alcohols to α,β-unsaturated ketones if the alkyne group is internal and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes if the alkyne group is terminal.

Aldehyde
In organic chemistry, an aldehyde (/ˈældɪhaɪd/) (lat. alcohol dehydrogenatum, dehydrogenated alcohol) is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure R−CH=O. The functional group itself (without the "R" side chain) can be referred to as an aldehyde but can also be classified as a formyl group. Aldehydes are a common motif in many chemicals important in technology and biology.
Right rotation
Right rotation refers to the following:

In an array, moving all items to the next higher location.  The last item is moved to the first location, which has been vacated.

In a list, removing the tail and inserting it at the head.

In machine code (and assembly language) moving all bits in a register to the right, with the rightmost (least significant bit) becoming the leftmost.

Head
A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may not have a head, but many bilaterally symmetric forms do, regardless of size.

Heads develop in animals by an evolutionary trend known as cephalization. In bilaterally symmetrical animals, nervous tissue concentrate at the anterior region, forming structures responsible for information processing. Through biological evolution, sense organs and feeding structures also concentrate into the anterior region; these collectively form the head.
Suzor
Suzor is a surname. People with the surname include:

Mark Suzor (born 1956), Canadian ice hockey player

Nicolas Suzor (fl. 2010s–2020s), Australian legal scholar

Pavel Suzor (1844–1919), Russian architect

Pierre Suzor (died 1801), schismatic bishop of the Archdiocese of Tours

Nicolas Suzor
Nicolas P. Suzor (born 30 September 1981) is an Australian legal scholar and an associate professor of law at the Queensland University of Technology (QUT). Since 2020, he has served as one of the inaugural members of Meta Platforms' independent Oversight Board, tasked with hearing . His academic work focuses on the governance of social networks, the regulation of automated systems, and internet governance.
Klinsky (rural locality)
Klinsky (Russian: Клинский; masculine), Klinskaya (Клинская; feminine), or Klinskoye (Клинское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Klinskoye, Brasovsky District, Bryansk Oblast, a selo in Dubrovsky Selsoviet of Brasovsky District of Bryansk Oblast

Klinskoye, Navlinsky District, Bryansk Oblast, a selo in Sokolovsky Selsoviet of Navlinsky District of Bryansk Oblast

Klinskoye, Ozyorsky District, Moscow Oblast, a village in Klishinskoye Rural Settlement of Ozyorsky District of Moscow Oblast

Klinskoye, Serebryano-Prudsky District, Moscow Oblast, a selo in Mochilskoye Rural Settlement of Serebryano-Prudsky District of Moscow Oblast

Bryansk Oblast
Bryansk Oblast (Russian: Бря́нская о́бласть, romanized: Bryanskaya oblastʹ), also known as Bryanshchina (Брянщина, IPA: [ˈbrʲænʲɕːɪnə]), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Bryansk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 1,169,161.
Lydia Hatuel-Czuckermann
Lydia Hatuel-Czuckermann (Hebrew: לידיה חטואל-צוקרמן; born August 15, 1963, in Casablanca, Morocco) is an Israeli fencer. One of Israel's top female fencers, she competed in the individual foil event at the 1984, 1992, and 1996 Olympiads. Her fencing career started at the age of 8, she maintained an international ranking until 2004, and she still competed at the national level in 2012.

1980 Summer Olympics boycott
The United States led the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott to protest against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. More than 60 countries joined the boycott to varying degrees, affecting athletes, fans, and international relations. The absence of so many competitors changed the outcomes of some events, led to alternative competitions, and influenced the 1984 Olympics, which the Soviets later boycotted. The Soviet Union, which hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and its satellite states later boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Gleichberge (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft)
Gleichberge was a Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the district of Hildburghausen, in Thuringia, Germany. It was disbanded on 31 December 2012. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Römhild.

The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Gleichberge consisted of the following municipalities:

Haina

Mendhausen

Milz

Römhild

Westenfeld

50°24′00″N 10°33′00″E﻿ / ﻿50.400°N 10.550°E﻿ / 50.400; 10.550

Haina, Hildburghausen
Haina (German pronunciation: [ˈhaɪna]) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Hildburghausen, in Thuringia, Germany. Since 31 December 2012, it is part of the town Römhild. It was the birthplace of Hans Hut (c. 1490–6 December 1527), an Anabaptist in Southern Germany and Austria.
Operation Firetree
Operation Firetree was a World War II operation by the Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service in February 1945.
The Dutch submarine HNLMS K XV unsuccessfully tried five times to land the NEFIS shore party 'Firetree' (five men) at the coast of the Soela Islands. The shore party was under the command of First Lieutenant Julius Tahija.

On 5 and 7 March 1945 the K XV unsuccessfully tried two times to land the NEFIS shore party 'Poppy' at the coast of the Wijnskoopbaai, south coast of Java.

Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service
Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service (NEFIS) was a Dutch intelligence and special operations organisation established in Australia after the Japanese conquest of the Netherlands East Indies (NEI) in 1942 and later active in the NEI/Indonesia during the post-war transition. It was intended to provide Allied commanders with intelligence on political, military and economic conditions in Japanese-occupied territory and, through clandestine field work, to support reconnaissance and reporting from occupied areas.

NEFIS is often associated in Allied summaries with hazardous insertions of small reconnaissance parties into occupied territory (frequently linked to “NEFIS III” in post-war accounts), including the Java “Tiger” missions and other operations in the archipelago and New Guinea.
Sant Pere de les Maleses
Sant Pere de les Maleses is a Benedictine cave monastery in the municipality of La Pobla de Segur, Pallars Jussà, in the Province of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain. the monastery was first mentioned in 868 when it was dedicated to St. Andrew and was donated to St. Vincent of Oveix, the abbot of Attila. During the tenth or eleventh century it ceased to be owned by Oveix and was rededicated to St. Peter. It later fell under ownership of Santa Maria de Gerri, and lost its status as a monastery. It was secularized in 1592 and from then on became a simple church.

Pallars Jussà
Pallars Jussà (Western Catalan: [paˈʎa(ɾ)z ʒuˈsa]) is a comarca (county) in Alt Pirineu, Catalonia, Spain. It was established as a comarca in 1936, out of the old county of Pallars. The name is an archaism meaning "Lower Pallars"; to the northeast and into the mountains is Pallars Sobirà. Its capital and largest municipality is Tremp.
Great Worm Crag
Great Worm Crag is a hill in south west of the English Lake District, north of Ulpha, Cumbria.  It is the subject of a chapter of Wainwright's book The Outlying Fells of Lakeland. It reaches a height of 1,400 feet (430 m) and Wainwright's route is a clockwise circuit from the fell road between Ulpha and Eskdale Green. Mark Richards in his Fellrangers book series describes it as "A  lovely place to roam ... blessed with spacious views" and offers two ascent routes from the south west and one, via Birkerthwaite, from the north west.

Alfred Wainwright
Alfred Wainwright MBE (17 January 1907 – 20 January 1991), who preferred to be known as A. Wainwright or A.W., was a British fellwalker, guidebook author and illustrator. His seven-volume Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells, published between 1955 and 1966 and consisting entirely of reproductions of his manuscript, has become the standard reference work to 214 of the fells of the English Lake District. Among his 40-odd other books is the first guide to the Coast to Coast Walk, a 182-mile (293-kilometre) long-distance footpath devised by Wainwright which remains popular today.
Bucculatrix angustata
Bucculatrix angustata is a moth in the family Bucculatricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from the eastern United States to Texas, Utah and Washington. The species was first described by Heinrich Frey and Jacob Boll in 1876.

The wingspan is 7–9 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from April to October.

The larvae feed on Aster, Solidago and rarely Erigeron species.

Bucculatricidae
Bucculatricidae or (Bucculatrigidae) is a family of moths. This small family has representatives in all parts of the world. Some authors place the group as a subfamily of the family Lyonetiidae.

Adults of this family are easily overlooked, being very small with narrow wings wrapped around the body at rest. When small, the larvae are leaf-miners, forming distinctive brown blotches on leaves. When larger, they usually feed on the leaves externally. Many species have specific host plants. The pupal cases have distinctive longitudinal ridges, leading to members of the family commonly being called ribbed cocoon makers.

Some authors recognize just a single large genus, Bucculatrix, although two Australian genera, Cryphioxena and the scribbly gum moths (Ogmograptis spp.) are now sometimes placed in this family rather than in Elachistidae.
Kazakhs in Russia
In Russia, the Kazakh population lives in the regions bordering Kazakhstan. The 2010 Russian census recorded 647,732 Kazakhs living mostly in the Astrakhan Oblast, Volgograd Oblast, Samara Oblast, Orenburg Oblast, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Kurgan Oblast, Tyumen Oblast, Omsk Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast and Altai Krai regions. During the 1920s significant numbers of Kazakh families were left outside the designated Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic; after the end of the Soviet Union in 1991, they acquired Russian citizenship and many moved to major Russian cities such as the capital Moscow and St. Petersburg.

Omsk Oblast
Omsk Oblast (Russian: О́мская о́бласть, romanized: Omskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia. The oblast has an area of 139,700 square kilometers (53,900 sq mi). Its population is 1,977,665 (2010 Census) with the majority, 1.12 million, living in Omsk, the administrative center.

The oblast borders Tyumen Oblast in the north and west, Novosibirsk Oblast and Tomsk Oblast in the east, and Kazakhstan in the south.
Commandment Keepers
The Commandment Keepers Ethiopian Hebrew Congregation of the Living God Pillar & Ground of Truth, Inc.  are a group of Black Hebrews, who believe that people of Ethiopian descent represent one of the lost tribes of Israel. They claim King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba as their ancestors, and believe the biblical patriarchs were black. They originated in Harlem, New York City, in 1919.

Most of its members are Afro-Caribbean but since its founding it has had diverse visitors, and occasionally white members. They use the De Sola Pool Spanish and Portuguese prayerbook, the Hertz Chumash, parchment Torah scrolls, and offer standard orthodox Sephardi style Sabbath and Jewish Holy Day services.

David de Sola Pool
David de Sola Pool (Hebrew: דוד די סולה פול;‎ 1885–1970) was a British-born American rabbi, scholar, author, and civic leader. He is considered to be the leading 20th-century Sephardic rabbi in the United States and a world leader of Judaism.
1998 Volta a Catalunya
The 1998 Volta a Catalunya was the 78th edition of the Volta a Catalunya cycle race and was held from 18 June to 25 June 1998. The race started in Vila-seca and finished in Andorra la Vella. The race was won by Hernán Buenahora of the Vitalicio Seguros team.

Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella is the capital and largest city of Andorra. It is located high in the east Pyrenees, between France and Spain. It is also the name of the Andorran parish that surrounds the capital.

As of 2023, the city had a population of 24,042, and the urban area, which includes Escaldes–Engordany plus satellite villages, has over 40,000 inhabitants.

The principal industry is tourism, and the country also earns foreign income from being a tax haven. It is at an elevation of 1,023 m (3,356 ft), and is the highest capital city in Europe. The city shares a border with Spain.
Willtown
Willtown Bluff, also known as Wilton and New London, is a historic settlement site located on the S. Edisto River near Adams Run, Charleston County, South Carolina. Founded about 1704, it was the second planned town to be established after the relocation of Charleston in 1682. Willtown served as a local governmental center (polling place, court of pleas, magistrate court) and regional commercial center. The property includes three early-19th-century buildings: the Parsonage (c. 1836), the Willtown Plantation House (c. 1820), and the remains of a single column of the Episcopal Church (c. 1836). Unexposed remains are of a colonial village thought to have had 80 houses.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Planned community
A planned community, planned city, planned town, or planned settlement is any community that was carefully planned from its inception and is typically constructed on previously undeveloped land. This contrasts with settlements that evolve organically.

The term new town refers to planned communities of the new towns movement in particular, mainly in the United Kingdom. It was also common in the European colonization of the Americas to build according to a plan either on fresh ground or on the ruins of earlier Native American villages.

A model city is a type of planned city designed to a high standard and intended as a model for others to imitate. The term was first used in 1854.
Belarus at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
Belarusian gymnasts first competed at the 1993 World Championships, after the fall of the Soviet Union.  They immediately achieved great success as both Vitaly Scherbo and Elena Piskun won gold that year. The Belarusian men's team won their first team gold medal at the 2001 World Championships.  Scherbo holds the record for most World Championships medals won by a male artistic gymnast with 23, 15 of which were won while competing for Belarus.

1993 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 1993 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships were held in Birmingham, Great Britain. There was no team competition at this meet; gymnasts competed in the all-around and event finals only.

The opening ceremony took place on 12 April at the National Indoor Arena, and the competition took place from 13–18 April at the National Exhibition Centre. Fifty-seven nations participated, more than at any previous edition of the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. The member states of the Soviet Union competed under their own flags for the first time.

This was the first world championships to allow only 24 gymnasts in the all-around final, with 2 gymnasts per nation instead of 3. This format returned at the 2003 World Championships and has remained ever since.
Statue of Captain James Cook, The Mall
A bronze statue of Captain James Cook by Thomas Brock is located near Admiralty Arch on the south side of The Mall in London, United Kingdom. The statue was completed in 1914 and is maintained by The Royal Parks. It is mounted on a stone plinth.

The idea for the memorial was first proposed by Joseph Carruthers, the former premier of New South Wales, who had written to The Times complaining of the lack of a statue to Captain Cook in London. The completed work was unveiled on 7 July 1914 by Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn.

The Mall, London
51°30′15″N 0°8′7″W﻿ / ﻿51.50417°N 0.13528°W﻿ / 51.50417; -0.13528

The Mall (/ˈmæl/) is a ceremonial route and roadway in the City of Westminster, central London, that travels 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) between Buckingham Palace at its western end and Trafalgar Square via Admiralty Arch to the east. Along the north side of The Mall is green space and St. James's Palace with other official buildings, and to the south is St James's Park.  Near the east end at Trafalgar Square and Whitehall it is met by Horse Guards Road and Spring Gardens, near the west end at the Victoria Memorial it is met by the Constitution Hill roadway and the Spur Road to the street of Buckingham Gate. It is closed to traffic on Saturdays, Sundays, public holidays and on ceremonial occasions.