hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Progressive Arab Front
The Progressive Arab Front (Arabic: الجبهة العربية التقدمية) was a political coalition in Lebanon, founded by Kamal Jumblatt in October 1961. The coalition was founded in response to the break-up of the United Arab Republic. It opposed the Syrian separatism and called for support to Gamal Abdel Nasser. The Progressive Arab Front consisted of the Progressive Socialist Party and the Arab Nationalist Movement. It largely corresponded to the parliamentary National Struggle Front, but through the Progressive Arab Front the parliamentarian Issam al-Hajjar joined the six PSP members in the Chamber of Deputies. The program of the Progressive Arab Front was based on Arab nationalism and socialism.

United Arab Republic
The United Arab Republic (UAR; Arabic: الجمهورية العربية المتحدة, romanized: al-Jumhūriyya al-ʿArabiyya al-Muttaḥida) was a sovereign state in the Middle East from 1958 to 1971. It was initially a short-lived political union between Egypt (including Egyptian-governed Gaza) and Syria from 1958 until Syria seceded from the union following the 1961 Syrian coup d'état. Egypt continued to be known officially as the United Arab Republic until it was formally dissolved by Anwar Sadat in September 1971.

The republic was led by Gamal Abdel Nasser as the Egyptian president. The UAR was a member of the United Arab States, a loose confederation with the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen, which was dissolved in 1961. It was a brief pan-Arab union.
Transdanubia
Transdanubia (Hungarian: Dunántúl [ˈdunaːntuːl]; German: Transdanubien, Croatian: Prekodunavlje or Zadunavlje, Slovak: Zadunajsko) is a Hungarian geographical concept, varying in time according to the changing borders of Hungary during history. As such, it is a traditional region of Hungary, which is also referred to as Hungarian Pannonia, or Pannonian Hungary.

Vas County
Vas (Hungarian: Vas vármegye, pronounced [ˈvɒʃ]; German: Komitat Eisenburg; Slovene: Železna županija or županija Železna; Croatian: Željezna županija) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) of Hungary. It was also one of the counties of the former Kingdom of Hungary. It is part of the Centrope Project.
Joe Rafferty (Maine politician)
Joseph Rafferty Jr. (born 1955) is an American educator, high school gridiron football coach, and Democratic politician from Maine. Rafferty has been the head coach of the Kennebunk High School Rams football team since 1979 and is currently serving his first term in the Maine Senate representing District 34, which consists of Kennebunk, Wells, Acton, Lebanon, North Berwick, and part of Berwick. Rafferty was born in 1955 and grew up in Woburn, Massachusetts. He attended Springfield College, graduated in 1977 and began teaching and coaching at Kennebunk High School in 1978. As an educator, he was active in the teachers' unions and helped negotiate contracts on their behalf. He retired from full-time teaching in 2018 but continues to coach football. Rafferty was first elected to the Maine Senate in 2020.

North Berwick, Maine
North Berwick is a town in York County, Maine, United States. The town was set off from Berwick in 1831, following South Berwick in 1814.

North Berwick's population was 4,978 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. It is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area.
Football at the 2019 SEA Games – Women's tournament
The women's football tournament at the 2019 SEA Games was the eleventh women's SEA Games football tournament. The tournament was held in Philippines from November 26 to December 8, 2019 where six teams participated. There were no age restrictions on women's teams.

Vietnam won the tournament for the record-breaking sixth time, successfully defending their title in the 2017 SEA Games, thus becoming the most successful team since women's football was added to SEA Games in 1985.

SEA Games
The Southeast Asian Games, commonly known as SEA Games, is a biennial multi-sport event involving participants from the current 11 countries of Southeast Asia. The games are under the regulation of the Southeast Asian Games Federation with supervision by the International Olympic Committee and the Olympic Council of Asia.

The SEA Games is one of the five subregional Games of the Olympic Council of Asia, the others being South Asian Games, West Asian Games, East Asian Games, and Central Asian Games.
Patricia De Peuter
Patricia De Peuter (born 23 April 1967) is a Belgian professional soft-tip and steel-tip darts player who plays in the World Darts Federation (WDF) events. Her biggest achievement to date is qualifying for the BDO World Darts Championship and winning a gold medal at the WDF Europe Cup and EDF European Darts Championship. She also participated in the WDF World Cup and EDU European Darts Championship.

EDF European Darts Championship
The EDF European Darts Championship is an electronic soft-tip darts tournament held generally at Terme Olimia in Podčetrtek, Slovenia. Once time is held in Santa Susanna, Catalonia. First edition of this tournament took place in 2012. Championship tournaments are organized together with many other open-level tournaments in one week. Players with a PDC Tour Card can also take part in these tournaments.

The most successful player at this tournament is Boris Krčmar from Croatia.
Beatriz Flamini
Beatriz Flamini is a Spanish extreme athlete and mountaineer known for her acts of self-isolation and self-sufficiency. She is best known for her "Timecave" expedition, whereby she spent 500 days living in a cave in Granada, from November 2021 to April 2023.

Extreme sport
Action sports, adventure sports or extreme sports are activities perceived as involving a high degree of risk of injury or death. These activities often involve speed, height, a high level of physical exertion and highly specialized gear. Extreme tourism overlaps with extreme sport. The two share the same main attraction, "adrenaline rush" caused by an element of risk, and differ mostly in the degree of engagement and professionalism.
Enikő Somorjai
Enikő Somorjai (born November 17, 1981) is a soloist dancer with the Hungarian National Ballet in Hungarian State Opera House. Born in Budapest, Hungary, she began dancing at the age of four. She took her degree in 2001 at Hungarian Dance Academy. Prior to becoming a soloist, she was in the Company corps de ballet. She has danced in many ballets including The Nutcracker (Sugar Plum Fairy), Swan Lake (Odette/Odile), The Wooden Prince (Princess), Giselle and many others.

The Wooden Prince
The Wooden Prince (Hungarian: A fából faragott királyfi), Op. 13, Sz. 60, is a one-act pantomime ballet composed by Béla Bartók in 1914–1916 (orchestrated 1916–1917) to a scenario by Béla Balázs. It was first performed at the Budapest Opera on 12 May 1917 under the conductor Egisto Tango.
Century Theatre (Detroit)
The Century Theatre in Detroit shares a lobby with the Gem Theatre. The theatre has seating at cabaret tables, and the stage hosts quirky shows, such as Forbidden Broadway, Menopause the Musical, and Late Nite Catechism. The theatre building houses a restaurant, The Century Grille, and is a popular downtown Detroit destination for weddings and private events.

Wayne State University Press
Wayne State University Press (or WSU Press) is a  university press that is part of  Wayne State University. It publishes under its own name and also the  imprints Painted Turtle and Great Lakes Books Series.
Obeng
Obeng is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Curtis Obeng (born 1989), English footballer

Eddie Obeng (born 1959), British educator and writer

Ernest Obeng (born 1956), Ghanaian sprinter

Evans Obeng (born 1998), Ghanaian professional footballer

Francis Obeng (born 1986) Ghanaian footballer

James Kojo Obeng, Ghanaian politician and teacher

Kwadwo Obeng Junior (born 1999), Ghanaian professional footballer

Letitia Obeng (1925–2023), first Ghanaian woman to obtain a degree in zoology and the first to be awarded a doctorate

Michael K. Obeng (born 1973), American plastic surgeon

Paul Victor Obeng (1947–2014), Ghanaian mechanical engineer and politician

Richard Emmanuel Obeng (1877–1951), Ghanaian writer

Richard Obeng (born 1981), Ghanaian politician

Samuel Obeng (born 1997), Ghanaian footballer

Samuel Obeng (linguist), professor of linguistics at Indiana University

Seth Obeng (born 1945), Ghanaian soldier

William Obeng (born 1983), American football player

William Obeng
William Yaw Obeng (born April 14, 1983) is a Ghanaian former American football offensive lineman in the Arena Football League. He was signed by the Minnesota Vikings as an undrafted free agent in 2005. He played college football at San Jose State.

Obeng was also a member of the Oakland Raiders, San Jose SaberCats, Arizona Rattlers, and Alabama Vipers.

Before San Jose State, Obeng attended Mesabi Range Community and Technical College.
Volkman
Volkman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aja Volkman (born 1981), American musician

Alisa Volkman (fl. 2000s), American online magazine co-founder (see Babble.com)

Ed Volkman (fl. 2000s), American radio personality (see Eddie & JoBo)

Eric Volkman (fl. 2000s), Czech financial magazine publisher (see Finance New Europe)

Ernest Volkman (1940–2025), American journalist, author

Harry Volkman (1926–2015), American meteorologist

Karen Volkman (born 1967), American poet

Ronald Volkman (born 2002), Australian rugby league footballer

Kyle Volkman (fl. 2000s), American musician (see Shook Twins)

Ernest Volkman
Ernest Wyman Volkman (December 31, 1940 – April 11, 2025) was an American author, investigative reporter and journalist who wrote about war, espionage, and the criminal underworld. Volkman was a 1959 graduate of Walt Whitman High School in South Huntington, New York, and attended Hofstra University.

A U.S. Army veteran, Volkman was also a military intelligence specialist and wrote many books on the subjects of spies and spying.

At the time of his death on April 11, 2025, at the age of 84, Volkman lived together with his wife Beverly. He had two adult children: son Eric and daughter Michelle.
2012 Bayern Rundfahrt
The 2012 Bayern Rundfahrt was the 33rd edition of the Bayern Rundfahrt, an annual cycling road race. Departing from Traunstein on 22 May, it concluded in Bamberg on 27 May. The 801.9 km long stage race was part of the 2012 UCI Europe Tour, and was rated as a 2.HC event. Michael Rogers of Team Sky was the eventual winner.

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
Wichita Mountains pillsnail
The Wichita Mountains pillsnail (Euchemotrema wichitorum) is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Polygyridae. The species is endemic to Oklahoma, the United States.

Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge
Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, located in southwestern Oklahoma near Lawton, has protected unique wildlife habitats since 1901 and is the oldest managed wildlife facility in the United States Fish and Wildlife Service system. The refuge's location in the geologically unique Wichita Mountains and its areas of undisturbed mixed grass prairie make it an important conservation area. The Wichita Mountains are approximately 500 million years old. Measuring about 59,020 acres (238.8 km2), the refuge hosts a great diversity of species: 806 plant species, 240 species of birds, 36 fish, and 64 reptiles and amphibians are present.
West Mansion
West Mansion is a mansion in the West End of Portland, Maine, United States. Completed in 1911, to a design by noted architect Frederick A. Tompson, the mansion's first owner was George F. West, for whom it is named. Located on Bramhall Hill, at the intersection of Western Promenade and Carroll Street, the building is regarded as a Portland landmark, alongside the Portland Observatory on Munjoy Hill and Victoria Mansion in the downtown area. Greater Portland Landmarks describes the home as "palatial" in its scale and architectural style.

One of the home's most noted features are the four 30-foot (9.1 m)-tall Ionic columns supporting its portico. The home has seventeen rooms (including nine bedrooms) in its 13,764 square feet (1,278.7 m2). It has ten fireplaces.

In 2022, the home was listed for sale at $2.55 million.

Portland Observatory
The Portland Observatory is a historic maritime signal tower at 138 Congress Street in the Munjoy Hill section of Portland, Maine.  Built in 1807, it is the only known surviving tower of its type in the United States.  Using both a telescope and signal flags, two-way communication between ship and shore was possible several hours before an incoming vessel reached the docks.  The tower was designated a National Historic Landmark and a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 2006; it is now managed by Greater Portland Landmarks, a local historic preservation nonprofit. It is open to the public as a museum.
R. G. Knowles
Richard George Knowles (October 7, 1858 – January 1, 1919) was a Canadian-American singer and comedian, who was successful in the British music halls and internationally in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, billed as "The Very Peculiar American".

Bill matter
In the American vaudeville and British music hall traditions, the bill matter was the identifying phrase used in advertising material to describe and summarize the appeal and attributes of each performer or group of performers. Each was considered as a trademark, not to be used by other performers.  Examples in Britain included George Robey, "The Prime Minister of Mirth"; G. H. Elliott, "The Chocolate Coloured Coon"; Max Miller, "The Cheeky Chappie"; and Billy Bennett, "Almost a Gentleman".

According to writer Michael Kilgarriff: "The heydays for these showbiz strap-lines were the inter-war years, for prior to 1914 performers saw little need for a personalised slogan, contenting themselves with such bald descriptions as 'Singer', 'Comedian', or 'Dancer'".  By the 1950s, the use of bill matter was seen as old-fashioned.
François Beaumavielle
François Beaumavielle (died 1688, Paris) was a French operatic bass-baritone.

Trained in Toulouse, he was engaged at the Académie Royale de Musique in Paris by Pierre Perrin and Robert Cambert, where he created their opera Pomone in 1671.

He went on creating all the first roles within his vocal range, then known as "basse-taille", in the operas by Jean-Baptiste Lully notably; Cadmus in Cadmus et Hermione, le Temps in Atys, Jupiter in Isis, Phinée in Persée, etc.

A singer with a powerful voice and a consummate actor, he was  sometimes criticised for over-emphasis.

Atys (Lully)
Atys (Attis) is a tragédie en musique, an early form of French opera, in a prologue and five acts by Jean-Baptiste Lully to a libretto by Philippe Quinault after Ovid's Fasti. It was premiered for the royal court on 10 January 1676 by Lully's Académie Royale de Musique (Paris Opera) at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye. The first public performance took place in April 1676 at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris.
Rick and Morty season 6
The sixth season of the American adult animated television series Rick and Morty premiered on September 4, 2022. Starring Justin Roiland as both titular characters, Rick Sanchez and Morty Smith, and their inter-dimensional counterparts, the season was ordered before the fourth season of the show finished airing, in May 2020. It is the final season to feature Roiland providing any voice as he was fired from the series on January 24, 2023, due to domestic violence allegations, effectively ending his career.

Spencer Grammer
Spencer Karen Grammer (born October 9, 1983) is an American actress best known for her roles as the voice of Summer Smith in the Adult Swim animated science-fiction series Rick and Morty and as Casey Cartwright in the ABC Family college comedy-drama series Greek.
Khanin (surname)
Notable people with surname Khanin (Cyrillic: Ханин) include:

Dov Khanin (born 1958), Israeli political scientist, lawyer, and former member of the Knesset

Grigorii Khanin (born 1937), Russian economist

Konstantin Khanin, contemporary Russian mathematician and physicist

Yuri Khanin, contemporary Russian composer

Yuri Khanon
Yuri Khanon is a pen name of Yuri Feliksovich Soloviev-Savoyarov (Russian: Юрий Феликсович Соловьёв-Савояров), a Russian composer. Prior to 1993, he wrote under a pen name Yuri Khanin, but later transformed it into Yuri Khanon, spelling it in a pre-1918 Russian style as ХанонЪ. Khanon was born on June 16, 1965, in Leningrad. In 1988, he became a laureate of  the European Film Awards (Felix Award), and in 1989, he won the Nika Award, a Russian cinematographic award. Due to his numerous concerts throughout Russia, as well as to TV and cinema appearances, Khanon reached the peak of his popularity in 1988–1992, but in 1993, decided to stop performing in public.
Habib Borjian
Habib Borjian is a linguist who specializes in a wide variety of matters, including historical linguistics, language documentation, philology and Iranian languages and literature. He was educated at Columbia University, the University of Tehran and Yerevan State University. From 2010 to 2019, Borjian worked at Columbia University's Center for Iranian Studies. Since 2012, Borjian has been co-director of the Endangered Languages Project (Near East region). In the past, he also worked within the board of editors of the Encyclopaedia Iranica, and served as associate editor of the Journal of Persianate Studies.

Endangered Languages Project
The Endangered Languages Project (ELP) is a worldwide collaboration between indigenous language organizations, linguists, institutions of higher education, and key industry partners to strengthen endangered languages. The foundation of the project is a website, which launched in June 2012.
2017–18 FC Anzhi Makhachkala season
The 2017–18 FC Anzhi Makhachkala season was the club's third season back in the Russian Premier League, the highest tier of football in Russia, since their relegation at the end of the  2013–14 season.

2013–14 FC Anzhi Makhachkala season
The 2013–14 FC Anzhi Makhachkala season was the 4th successive season that Anzhi played in the Russian Premier League, the highest tier of football in Russia, in which they suffered relegation after finishing the season in 16th place. They were knocked out of the Russian Cup at the Round of 32 stage by Alania Vladikavkaz, and they reached the Last 16 of the Europa League where they were defeated by AZ.
GRO J0422+32
GRO J0422+32 is an X-ray nova and black hole candidate that was discovered by the BATSE instrument on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory satellite on 5 August 1992. 
During outburst, it was observed to be stronger than the Crab Nebula gamma-ray source out to photon energies of about 500 keV.

The mass of the black hole in GRO J0422+32 falls in the range 3.66 to 4.97 solar masses. This is the smallest yet found for any stellar black hole, and near the theoretical upper mass limit (~2.7 M☉) for a neutron star. Further analysis in 2012 calculated a mass of 2.1 M☉, which raises questions as to what the object actually is.

It is also known to have a companion M-type main-sequence star, V518 Per, in the constellation Perseus. It has a magnitude of 13.5 in the B spectral band, and 13.2 in the visible band.

Electronvolt
In physics, an electronvolt (symbol eV), also written as electron-volt and electron volt, is a unit of measurement equivalent to the amount of kinetic energy gained by a single electron accelerating through an electric potential difference of one volt in a vacuum. When used as a unit of energy, the numerical value of 1 eV expressed in unit of joules (symbol J) is equal to the numerical value of the charge of an electron in coulombs (symbol C). Under the 2019 revision of the SI, this sets 1 eV equal to the exact value 1.602176634×10−19 J.
Historically, the electronvolt was devised as a standard unit of measure through its usefulness in electrostatic particle accelerator sciences, because a particle with electric charge q gains an energy E = qV after passing through a voltage of V.
Gransmore Green
Gransmore Green is a hamlet in the civil parish of Felsted, in the Uttlesford district of  Essex, England. Nearby settlements include the  towns of Braintree and Great Dunmow, and Felsted village. The hamlet is situated on the B1417 road, with the A120 road nearby to the north.

A120 road
The A120 is an A-road in England, which runs between Puckeridge in Hertfordshire and Harwich in Essex.

Along its route, the A120 bypasses the towns of Bishop's Stortford, Great Dunmow, Braintree, Coggeshall, Colchester and Dovercourt. The route meets the A10, A131, A12 and A133 primary routes and the M11 motorway. London Stansted Airport sits directly north of the route on the Essex and Hertfordshire border. Harwich International Port, a North Sea seaport at the mouth of the River Stour, lies north of the A120 near Harwich.

Part of the route constitutes Euroroute E32, between the A12 (E30) at Colchester and Harwich International Port.
Jet erosion test
The jet erosion test (JET), or jet index test, is a method used in geotechnical engineering to quantify the resistance of a soil to erosion. The test can be applied in-situ after preparing a field site, or it can be applied in a laboratory on either an intact or a remolded soil sample. A quantitative measure of erodibility allows for the prediction of erosion, assisting with the design of structures such as vegetated channels, road embankments, dams, levees, and spillways.

Embankment (earthworks)
An embankment is a raised wall, bank or mound made of earth or stones, that are used to hold back water or carry a roadway.  A road, railway line, or canal is normally raised onto an embankment made of compacted soil (typically clay or rock-based) to avoid a change in level required by the terrain, the alternatives being either to have an unacceptable change in level or detour to follow a contour. A cutting is used for the same purpose where the land is originally higher than required.
Zucco (politician)
Luciano Lorenzini Zucco, known mononymously as Zucco (born 9 March 1974) is a Brazilian politician serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2023. From 2019 to 2023, he was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Sul.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.