hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
E5 (European Group of Five)
The European Group of Five (E5) is a meeting of the Defence Ministers of Europe's five biggest defence spenders and largest military powers.

It was inaugerated in November 2024 in response to increased calls for European rearmament and increased leadership by Europe in providing support to Ukraine. Since its inauguration the E5 has met seven times (five times in 2025), and pledged to deepen cooperation across a number of areas. Representatives from NATO and the EU are usually also present at meetings of the format.

It is similar in provenance and purpose to the Weimar+ format which it pre-dates, but without including Spain, due to their low defence spending. Commentators have discussed the format "increasingly becoming the relevant forum to strengthen political and military cooperation on the continent."

Weimar+
Weimar+ (or Weimar Plus) is a European diplomatic and geopolitical alliance first named in February 2025, expanding upon the original Weimar Triangle regional alliance of France, Germany, and Poland (all within the European Union) to include additional major European powers such as the United Kingdom and Italy. The group was immediately established in response to shifts in United States foreign policy towards the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War and the transatlantic security architecture under the Trump administration, particularly United States president Donald Trump's telephone conversation with Russian president Vladimir Putin excluding Europe from Ukraine-related negotiations.

As of November 2025, Weimar+ exists in the form of summits between the leaders of the six countries and EU, and, separately, of their foreign ministers and EU HRVP.
Kenn Lim
Kenn Lim (born 20 May 1986) is a Malaysian badminton player. He was part of the Malaysian junior team that won the bronze medal at the 2004 Asian Junior Championships in the boys' team event. He was the champion at the 2006 Sri Lanka Satellite and 2010 Portugal International tournament in the men's singles event. Lim who was educated at the Leeds Metropolitan University was the 2008 runner-up and 2009 champion at the BUCS Badminton Championships, and also won the 2008 Wimbledon National Elite Open. Lim represented Yorkshire at the Badminton England circuit, and clinched the men's singles title at the Northumberland Championships.

2004 Asian Junior Badminton Championships
The 2004 Asian Junior Badminton Championships is an Asia continental junior championships to crown the best U-19 badminton players across Asia. This tournament were held in Hwacheon Indoor Stadium, Hwacheon, South Korea from 12 to 18 July.
Arman oil field
The Arman Oil Field is an oil field located in Mangystau Province. It was discovered in 1994 and developed by Lukoil. The oil field is operated and owned by Lukoil and Royal Dutch Shell. The total proven reserves of the Arman oil field are around 84 million barrels (11.58 million tonnes), and production is centered on 3,800 barrels per day (600 m3/d).

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Joël Camathias
Joël Camathias (born 9 February 1981) is a Swiss race car driver born in Lugano. In 2001, he raced in the International Formula 3000 championship and in 2002 in the European F3000 series. In 2003, he made 7 starts in the American Champ Car series for Dale Coyne Racing, his best finish a 9th in his debut at the Grand Prix of St. Petersburg. Having previously driven sports cars part-time, he then returned to Europe to drive in the Le Mans Series in 2004 and the FIA GT Championship in 2005 and 2006. He also won the GT2 Class of the 2006 Le Mans Series season with Marc Lieb driving a Porsche 911 for Autorlando Sport.

Camathias is the great-nephew of the late Florian Camathias, a solo motorcycle and sidecar racer, and his father Romeo was a car racer.

Dale Coyne Racing
Dale Coyne Racing (DCR) is an American professional open-wheel racing team that currently competes in the IndyCar Series and Indy NXT. The team was founded in 1984 and is owned by former driver Dale Coyne. From 1995 to 2000, the team was known as Payton-Coyne Racing, reflecting a partnership with Chicago Bears great Walter Payton. After the 1988 season, Coyne stepped out of the cockpit and turned his talents to the tutelage of several up-and-coming drivers. Once known for competing on budgets far smaller than most of their competitors, the team earned its maiden victory after 25 years at Watkins Glen International in July 2009 with Justin Wilson.
Future Development
Future Development is the third solo studio album by American hip-hop musician Del the Funky Homosapien. It was released by Hieroglyphics Imperium Recordings in 1997. It was able to achieve decent success, selling over 400,000 copies worldwide.

Hieroglyphics Imperium Recordings
Hieroglyphics Imperium Recordings is an Oakland, California-based, independent hip hop record label founded and owned by underground hip hop collective, the Hieroglyphics.  The label was created by the collective in 1995 to publish and market the collective's, and individual member, releases, as well as releases from other, affiliated artist's that major labels would deem not commercial enough for mass distribution.
Chiossone
Chiossone is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edoardo Chiossone (1833–1898), Italian engraver and painter

Tulio Chiossone (1905–2001), Venezuelan historian, writer, jurist and criminal lawyer, humanist, scholar, judge, legislator, politician, scholar, and writer

Edoardo Chiossone
Edoardo Chiossone (January 21, 1833 – April 11, 1898) was an Italian engraver and painter, noted for his work as a foreign advisor to Meiji period Japan, and for his collection of Japanese art. He designed the first Japanese bank notes.
Dan Majerle
Daniel Lewis Majerle (/ˈmɑːrli/; born September 9, 1965), also known by the nickname "Thunder Dan", is an American former professional basketball player and former coach of the Grand Canyon Antelopes. He played 14 years in the National Basketball Association (NBA) with the Phoenix Suns, Miami Heat, and Cleveland Cavaliers. He won a bronze medal with the U.S. national team at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, and a gold medal at the 1994 FIBA World Championship.

Grand Canyon University
Grand Canyon University (GCU) is a private Christian university in Phoenix, Arizona, United States. The U.S. Department of Education categorizes it as a for-profit institution, which the university has appealed. The university offers degrees in over 200 areas of study and is administratively divided into nine colleges. As of September 2023, more than 100,000 students were enrolled online and in person, making it one of the largest Christian universities by enrollment.

The Arizona Southern Baptist Convention established the institution in 1949 as Grand Canyon College. During the 1999–2000 academic year, the university ended its affiliation with the Southern Baptist Convention, and became non-denominational Christian. The university competes as the Grand Canyon Antelopes in NCAA Division I athletics as a member of the Mountain West Conference.
Bill Burtenshaw
William Frederick Burtenshaw (13 December 1925 – 23 February 2010) was an English professional footballer.

Born in Portslade, he played amateur football in Sussex, including for Southwick, and then went on to play professionally for Luton Town and Gillingham between 1948 and 1952, and in total made 40 appearances in the Football League, scoring eight goals. He played alongside his brother, Charlie Burtenshaw, at both Luton and Gillingham, and they played together for Kentish non-league clubs Snowdown Colliery and Canterbury City.

Burtenshaw died on 23 February 2010.

Canterbury City F.C.
Canterbury City Football Club is a football club based in Canterbury, Kent, England. They are currently members of the Kent County League Premier Division and currently play at the Thanington Recreation Ground in Thanington. Affiliated to the Kent County Football Association, the club reformed in 2007 and were the first football club to be formed as a community interest company.
George Vernot
George Edward Vernot (February 27, 1901 – November 22, 1962) was a Canadian freestyle swimmer who competed at the 1920 and 1924 Olympics.

At the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Vernot won a silver medal in the 1500-metre freestyle, and a bronze medal in the 400-metre event. He also competed in the 100-metre freestyle but placed third in his semifinal and did not advance. At the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, he was seventh in the 400-metre freestyle, and eighth in the 1500-metre freestyle.

Nationally, Vernot won the Canadian championships in the 100-, 220-, and 440-yard freestyle in 1919 and 220- and 440-yard in 1920. In 1926, he graduated in civil engineering from McGill University and retired from athletic competitions. He then worked for the City of Montreal, becoming chairman of the Board of Assessors in 1948. In 1969, a park in Montreal was named in his honor.

Swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metre freestyle
The men's 400 metre freestyle was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. It was the third appearance of the event.

A total of 22 swimmers from 11 nations competed in the event, which was held from Thursday, August 26 to Saturday, August 28, 1920.
CPJ
CPJ is used as an abbreviation for:

Center for Public Justice, an independent organization for policy research and civic education based in Washington, D.C.

Citizens for Public Justice, a nonprofit organization based in Canada

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, a medical journal and the official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association

Canadian Pharmacists Journal, formerly known as Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal, both abbreviated CPJ

Committee to Protect Journalists, an independent nonprofit organization based in New York City, United States

Communist Party of Jersey, a political party on the island of Jersey

Conservative Party of Japan, a political party in Japan

CPJ, the ICAO airline designator for Corpjet, United States

Committee to Protect Journalists
The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in New York City, with correspondents around the world. CPJ promotes press freedom and defends the rights of journalists. The American Journalism Review has called the organization "Journalism's Red Cross." Since the late 1980s, CPJ has published an annual census of journalists killed or imprisoned in relation to their work.
2022 Taytay, Rizal, local elections
Local elections were held in Taytay, Rizal on Monday, May 9, 2022, as a part of the 2022 Philippine general election. Voters will select candidates for all local positions: a town mayor, vice mayor and town councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, a governor, a vice-governor and a representative for the province's first congressional district in the House of Representatives.

The town's election turnout is 84.6%, (218 of 218 election returns) equivalent to 129,437 of 152,994 total registered voters. Barangay Dolores chairman Allan De Leon won the mayoral race against Outgoing Mayor Joric Gacula. Councilor Pia Cabral won the vice mayoralty race against Outgoing Vice mayor Mitch Bermundo, and Vice mayoral aspirant Eljun Victor.

Legislative districts of Rizal
The legislative districts of Rizal are the representations of the province of Rizal in the various national and local legislatures of the Philippines. At present, the province is represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines by its four congressional districts, with the districts' representatives being elected every three years. Additionally, each district is allotted a certain number of seats in the Rizal Provincial Board, with board members also being elected every three years.

The component city of Antipolo is represented independently from the province by its own two districts, although it is also represented in the provincial board.
Hirter
Hirter beer is a brand of beer that has been produced in Carinthia, Austria since 1270 AD, making it the second oldest private brewery in Austria. The flavor has been described as "roasty and malty with a small earthy hop presence". Hirter beer has a longer stocking time and does not use pasteurization. It has an ABV of 8.3%.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
Tapanahony
Tapanahoni is a resort in Suriname, located in the Sipaliwini District.  Its population at the 2012 census was 13,808. Tapanahoni is a part of Sipaliwini which has no capital, but is directly governed from Paramaribo. Tapanahony is an enormous resort which encompasses a quarter of the country of Suriname. The most important town is Diitabiki (old name: Drietabbetje) which is the residence of the granman of the Ndyuka people since 1950, and the location of the oracle.

The disputed area of south-east Suriname between the Malani (the eastern tributary river) and the Litani rivers belongs to the Tapanahoni resort.

Litani (Maroni tributary)
The Litani or Itany is a river which forms part of the boundary between Suriname and French Guiana. It is a tributary, or the upper course, of the Maroni. The boundary is disputed, with Suriname also claiming land to the east of the river.

The Litani river flows in the Lawa near Antécume-Pata, and is fed from the Loë and Ulemari creeks. The river was first explored in 1950 by A. Franssen Herderschee into the Tumuk Humak Mountains. The total length of Litani, Lawa and Maroni is 612 km (380 mi).
Y Y Y
In molecular biology, the YYY domain is a protein domain that is considered to be important in bacterial signal transduction, however the exact function of this protein domain is not known. It is named after the three conserved tyrosines found in the alignment. The domain forms part of the periplasmic sensor domain which binds to unsaturated disaccharides.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
Rare Tracks (Jet album)
Rare Tracks is a compilation album by the four-piece Australian rock group Jet. At first released exclusively in Japan, the work is a compilation album that features various songs by the band otherwise not included on major studio albums. It additionally includes music videos made by the group. Since it came out in 2004, the album has received various imports into different nations such as the U.S. as well as online-related distribution, such as through Amazon.com to American listeners.

Are You Gonna Be My Girl
"Are You Gonna Be My Girl" is a song by Australian rock band Jet from their 2003 debut album, Get Born. It was released as the first single from the album on 18 August 2003 in the United States and on 1 September 2003 in Australia.

The song peaked at number 20 in Australia and reached the top 20 in Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. In the United States, it reached number 29 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it their first top-40 hit and their highest charting single; it also peaked at number three on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and number seven on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. The single has sold 1.3 million copies in the United States since 2012.

The song was voted number one in the 2003 Triple J Hottest 100. In January 2018, as part of Triple M's "Ozzest 100", the 'most Australian' songs of all time, "Are You Gonna Be My Girl" was ranked number 38. In 2025, the song placed 23 in the Triple J Hottest 100 of Australian Songs.
José Carreras Sings Catalan Songs
José Carreras Sings Catalan Songs is a 1991 Sony Classical album featuring José Carreras and the orchestra of the Gran Teatre del Liceu conducted by Joan Casas. The songs are more classical lieder than Mi Otro Perfil, an earlier release of Spanish and Catalan songs with Orchestra Zafiro.

Sony Classical Records
Sony Classical is an American record label founded in 1924 as Columbia Masterworks Records, a subsidiary of Columbia Records. In 1980, the Columbia Masterworks label was renamed as CBS Masterworks. The CBS Records Group was acquired by Sony in 1988, and in 1990 it was renamed Sony Classical.
2003 WTA Tour
The 2003 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2003 tennis season. The 2003 WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III, Tier IV and Tier V events. ITF tournaments were not part of the 2003 WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.

Nathalie Dechy
Nathalie Dechy (born 21 February 1979) is a former professional tennis player from France.

Dechy is a three-time doubles Grand Slam champion, winning the 2006 US Open women's doubles title with Vera Zvonareva, the 2007 French Open mixed doubles title with Andy Ram, and the 2007 US Open women's doubles title with Dinara Safina. Her biggest singles achievement is reaching the semifinals of the 2005 Australian Open.

At the 2008 Wimbledon Championships, she faced world No. 1 and reigning French Open champion, Ana Ivanovic. She had a match point during the second set, before losing in the super-tiebreak, 7–6, 6–7, 8–10.

Since 2015, Nathalie Dechy has been the director of the Biarritz Tennis Tournament, a women's tennis tournament organized every year by the Quarterback agency at Biarritz Olympic Tennis. This tournament is part of the ITF (International Tennis Federation) category and has $80,000 in prize money.
Fischbach (Eschach)
The Fischbach (German pronunciation: [ˈfɪʃbax]) is a western and left tributary of the Baden Eschach (Badische Eschach). It flows along the eastern edge of the Black Forest in the German state of Baden-Württemberg (district of Schwarzwald-Baar). The river is 18.9 kilometres (11.7 mi) long, together with its headstream, the Glasbach.

Orography
Orography is the study of the topographic relief of mountains, and can more broadly include hills, water stream directions and any part of a region's elevated terrain. Orography (also known as oreography, orology, or oreology) falls within the broader discipline of geomorphology. The term orography comes from the Greek: όρος, hill, γράφω, to write.
Holywell Rural District
Holywell was a rural district in the administrative county of Flintshire, Wales, from 1894 to 1974.

The district was created by the Local Government Act 1894 as successor to Holywell Rural Sanitary District.

The Rural District Council was based in the town of Holywell, which was a separate urban district.

Holywell Rural District was abolished in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, becoming part of the district of Delyn in the county of Clwyd.

Great Britain Historical GIS
The Great Britain Historical GIS (or GBHGIS) is a spatially enabled database that documents and visualises the changing human geography of the British Isles, although is primarily focussed on the subdivisions of the United Kingdom mainly over the 200 years since the first census in 1801. The project is currently based at the University of Portsmouth, and is the provider of the website A Vision of Britain through Time.

NB: A "GIS" is a geographic information system, which combines map information with statistical data to produce a visual picture of the iterations or popularity of a particular set of statistics, overlaid on a map of the geographic area of interest.
Rougga Treasure
The Rougga Treasure is a treasure dating back to the 7th century, discovered in Rougga, Tunisia, in 1972. Consisting of a collection of Roman gold coins, it is preserved in the Mahdia Museum.

The treasure, methodically excavated and entirely preserved, has been studied from the historical, archaeological and numismatic points of view.

Contemporaneous with the "first raid by the Muslim army" of 647, prior to the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb, this treasure, by the conditions of its discovery, its dating and the link it establishes with events cited in literary sources, is, according to Hédi Slim, "organically linked to one of the pivotal dates in the history of North Africa ".

El Djem
El Djem or El Jem (Tunisian Arabic: الجمّ, il-Jammⓘ) is a town in Mahdia Governorate, Tunisia. Its population was 21,544 at the 2014 census. It is home to Roman remains, including the Amphitheatre of El Jem.