hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erik Pears
Erik Anders Pears (born June 25, 1982) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Colorado State Rams and was signed by the Denver Broncos as an undrafted free agent in 2005.

He was also a member of the Cologne Centurions, Oakland Raiders, Jacksonville Jaguars, Omaha Nighthawks, Buffalo Bills, and San Francisco 49ers.

Omaha Nighthawks
The Omaha Nighthawks were a professional American football team based in Omaha, Nebraska, which played in the United Football League, joining the league as an expansion team in 2010. During their first season, the Nighthawks played their home games at Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium before moving to TD Ameritrade Park Omaha for 2011 and beyond. Zach Nelson, CEO of Internet software provider NetSuite, was announced as lead owner in August 2010.
Ingpen
Ingpen is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abel Ingpen, English entomologist

Edith Ingpen (1909–2006), Australian architect

Joan Ingpen, English classical music talent agent

Robert Ingpen (born 1936), Australian illustrator

English name
English names are personal names used in, or originating in, England.
In England, as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, a complete name usually consists of one or more given names, commonly referred to as first names, and a (most commonly patrilineal, rarely matrilineal) family name or surname, also referred to as a last name. The given names after the first are often referred to as middle names.
Pimelea pygmaea
Pimelea pygmaea is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to Tasmania. It is  prostrate, cushion-like undershrub with narrowly oblong to elliptic leaves arranged in opposite pairs, and white flowers arranged singly on the ends of the many branches.

Thymelaeaceae
The Thymelaeaceae /ˌθɪmɪliːˈeɪsiː, -siˌaɪ/ are a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants composed of 50 genera (listed below) and 898 species. It was established in 1789 by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The Thymelaeaceae are mostly trees and shrubs, with a few vines and herbaceous plants, the latter including some annual species.
Grammar checker
A grammar checker, in computing terms, is a program, or part of a program, that attempts to verify written text for grammatical correctness. Grammar checkers are most often implemented as a feature of a larger program, such as a word processor, but are also available as a stand-alone application that can be activated from within programs that work with editable text.

The implementation of a grammar checker makes use of natural language processing.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Sue Civil-Brown
Susan Civil-Brown is an American author of romance novels with a humorous twist. She is best known under the pseudonym Rachel Lee. Her books include romances, romantic suspense and a series of espionage thrillers (Wildcard, The Crimson Code, The Jerico Pact).

Civil-Brown's first book was published in 1991.  She submitted the manuscript, a romantic suspense novel, at the urging of her mother and was surprised when it was quickly purchased.  Over the next five years she wrote 15 more books.

Suspense
Suspense is a state of anxiety or excitement caused by mysteriousness, uncertainty, doubt, or undecidedness.  In a narrative work, suspense is the audience's excited anticipation about the plot or conflict (which may be heightened by a violent moment, stressful scene, puzzle, mystery, etc.), particularly as it affects a character for whom the audience feels sympathy. However, suspense is not exclusive to narratives.
Rustam Dushmanziyar
Rustam Dushmanziyar (Persian: رستم دشمنزار) was a Daylamite aristocrat and the ancestor of the Kakuyid dynasty. His personal name was Rustam, but was known as Dushmanziyar, which is the Daylami version of the Persian word Dushmanzar ("he who brings grief to his enemy").

Daylami language
Daylami, also known as Daylamite, Deilami, Dailamite, or Deylami (Persian: دیلمی, from the name of the Daylam region), is an extinct language that was one of the northwestern branch of the Iranian languages. It was spoken in northern Iran, specifically in the mountainous area in Gīlān.

Parviz Natel Khanlari listed this language as one of Iranian dialects spoken between the 9th and 13th centuries. Istakhri, a medieval Iranian geographer, has written about this language, as did Al-Muqaddasi, a medieval Arab geographer, who wrote "they have an obscure language and they use the phoneme khe /x/ a lot." Abū Esḥāq Ṣābī had a similar report on people in the Deylam highlands who spoke a distinct language.

According to Wilfered Madelung, in the early Islamic period the language of the Deylamites was a northwestern Iranian language. One of the characteristics of this language was an added ī sound between consonants and ā (Lāhījān=Līāhījān, Amīrkā=Amīrkīā).
Ceres School
Ceres School is a historic two-room school building located at Ceres in Allegany County, New York.  It was built in 1855 and remodeled in 1893 with Italianate and Queen Anne style design elements.  It is a one-story, gross-gabled frame building topped by a belfry. It is a surviving example of a late 19th-century schoolhouse, which served students from both Pennsylvania and New York. The school closed following World War II and used as a community center.: 5, 7–8

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Allegany County, New York
Allegany County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 46,456. Its county seat is Belmont. Its name derives from a Lenape word, applied by European-American settlers of Western New York State to a trail that followed the Allegheny River; they also named the county after this. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

The county is bisected by the Genesee River, flowing north to its mouth on Lake Ontario. During the mid-nineteenth century, the Genesee Valley Canal was built to link southern markets to the Great Lakes and Mohawk River. The county was also served by railroads, which soon superseded the canals in their capacity for carrying freight. Part of the Oil Springs Reservation, controlled by the Seneca Nation, is located in the county.
Cool World (song)
"Cool World" is a song by Australian rock band Mondo Rock, released in March 1981 as the second single released from the band's second studio album Chemistry (1981). The song became the band's second top ten single, peaking at number 8 on the Kent Music Report. The song was written by Mondo Rock's lead vocalist Ross Wilson.

At the 1981 Countdown Music Awards, the song was nominated for Best Australian Single.

Kent Music Report
The Kent Music Report was a weekly record chart of Australian music singles and albums which was compiled by music historian David Kent from May 1974 through to January 1999. The chart was re-branded the Australian Music Report (AMR) in July 1987. From June 1988, the Australian Recording Industry Association, which had been using the top 50 portion of the report under licence since mid-1983, chose to produce their own listing as the ARIA Charts.

Before the Kent Report, Go-Set magazine published weekly Top 40 Singles from 1966, and albums chart from 1970 until the magazine's demise in August 1974.

David Kent later published Australian charts from 1940 to 1973 in a retrospective fashion, using state by state chart data obtained from various Australian radio stations.
Baisesaurus
Baisesaurus (meaning "Baise lizard") is an extinct genus of ichthyosauromorph reptiles from the early Triassic (Spathian age) Luolou Formation of Guangxi, China. The genus contains a single species, Baisesaurus robustus, known from a partial postcranial skeleton.

Olenekian
In the geologic timescale, the Olenekian is an age in the Early Triassic epoch; in chronostratigraphy, it is a stage in the Lower Triassic series. It spans the time between 249.9 Ma and 246.7 Ma (million years ago). The Olenekian is sometimes divided into the Smithian and the Spathian subages or substages. The Olenekian follows the Induan and is followed by the Anisian (Middle Triassic).

The Olenekian saw the deposition of a large part of the Buntsandstein in Europe. The Olenekian is roughly coeval with the regional Yongningzhenian Stage used in China.
Jan Šulc (footballer)
Jan Šulc (born 29 May 1998) is a professional Czech football left or right midfielder currently playing for Zápy in the Bohemian Football League.

He made his senior league debut for Liberec on 1 May 2017 in a Czech First League 4–1 home win against Bohemians 1905.

Bohemian Football League
3rd Bohemian Football League (Czech: 3. Česká fotbalová liga; ČFL) is one of the third level football leagues of the Czech Republic (the other is the Moravian-Silesian Football League). The league comprises teams from the historic Bohemia region.
Khalifa al-Zanati
Khalifa al-Zanati (Arabic: خليفة الزناتي) was one of the main characters in the Bani Hilal epic, where he appears as the Berber king of Tunis. The epic says that during the siege of Bani Hilal to Tunis he asked their knights for duels every day and killed many of them, not even Abu Zayd al-Hilali was able to defeat him. His destiny was to be killed by Dhieb bin Ghanim who thrust a spear into his eyes. The epic also says that one of the reasons of his defeat was the betrayal of his daughter Sadaa who fell in love with Maree, a Hilalian prince held captive in her fathers prison.

The historical Khalifa Al-Zanati may have been a general serving the ruler of Tlemcen in present-day Algeria. Scholar Maribel Fierro suggests he may have been Abd al-Mu'min.

Abd al-Mu'min
Abd al-Mu'min (c. 1094–1163) (Arabic: عبد المؤمن بن علي or عبد المومن الــكـومي; full name: ʿAbd al-Muʾmin ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAlwī ibn Yaʿlā al-Kūmī Abū Muḥammad) was a prominent member of the Almohad movement. Although the Almohad movement itself was founded by Ibn Tumart, Abd al-Mu'min was the founder of the ruling dynasty and creator of the Almohad empire. As a leader of the Almohad movement he became the first Caliph of the Almohad Empire in 1133, after the death in 1130 of the movement's founder, Ibn Tumart, and ruled until his death in 1163. Abd al-Mu'min put his predecessor's doctrine of Almohadism into practice, defeated the Almoravids, and extended his rule across Al-Andalus (on the Iberian Peninsula) and as far as Tunis in Ifriqiya (present-day Tunisia), thus bringing the Maghreb in North Africa and Al-Andalus in Europe under one creed and one government.
Indigenous architecture
Indigenous architecture refers to the study and practice of architecture of, for, and by Indigenous peoples.

This field of study and practice in Australia, Canada, the circumpolar regions, New Zealand, the United States, and many other regions where Indigenous people have a built tradition or aspire translate or to have their cultures translated in the built environment. This has been extended to landscape architecture, planning, placemaking, public art, urban design, and other ways of contributing to the design of built environments. The term usually designates culture-specific architecture: it covers both the vernacular architecture and contemporary or new traditional architecture inspired by the enculture, even when the latter includes features brought from outside.

Traditional architecture
Traditional architecture is the built expression of a cultural heritage transmitted across generations, it is not a singular architectural style, since it is neither defined stylistically nor by time period, but rather by its geographical or cultural context. The term traditional does not necessarily mean that building forms are static, as new techniques and approaches are continuously adopted and adapted by local craftspeople.

Distinctively from vernacular architecture, it does not exclude architect-designed or monumental buildings, but instead encompasses a wide range of structures and building types, including the vernacular.

Broadly speaking, all architectural styles can be split into two groups: traditional and modernist (which includes modernism ideological successors), this is because modernist architecture was created as the explicit opposition to the continuation of tradition and local character.
Kurfürstenstraße (Berlin U-Bahn)
Kurfürstenstraße is a Berlin U-Bahn station on lines U1 and U3. The station opened on 24 October 1926 and is located in the Berlin Mitte borough.

It lies just to the north of Bülowstraße, the corresponding station on the U2, in the southeast corner of Tiergarten. The area has a rather seedy reputation, mainly due to prostitution. Potsdamer Straße is a major thoroughfare in the area.

Platform

Tile decoration as of 2010

Mitte
Mitte (German: [ˈmɪtə] ⓘ) is the first and most central borough of Berlin. The borough consists of six sub-entities: Mitte proper, Gesundbrunnen, Hansaviertel, Moabit, Tiergarten and Wedding.

It is one of the two boroughs (the other being Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg) which were formerly divided between East Berlin and West Berlin. Mitte encompasses Berlin's historic core and includes some of the most important tourist sites of Berlin like the Reichstag and Berlin Hauptbahnhof, Checkpoint Charlie, Museum Island, the TV tower, Brandenburg Gate, Unter den Linden, Potsdamer Platz and Alexanderplatz. The latter six of which were in former East Berlin.
Eidsgata
Eidsgata is the historic main street and central commercial district of Nordfjordeid in Stad Municipality, Vestland county, Norway. The street is characterized by its continuous concentration of white-painted wooden architecture dating from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Due to its architectural preservation and historical significance, the area encompassing Eidsgata and the intersecting Tverrgata is listed in the Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage's (Riksantikvaren) NB!-register of urban areas of national historical value.

Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage
The Directorate for Cultural Heritage (Norwegian: Riksantikvaren or Direktoratet for kulturminneforvaltning) is a government agency responsible for the management of cultural heritage in Norway. Subordinate to the Norwegian Ministry of the Environment, it manages the Cultural Heritage Act of June 9, 1978. The directorate also has responsibilities under the Norwegian Planning and Building Law.
Szalenik
Szalenik [ʂaˈlɛnik] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Lubycza Królewska, within Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine. The village is located in the historical region Galicia.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Illegal Academy
The Illegal Academy (Norwegian: Det Illegale Akademi) was an underground Norwegian teaching institution for artists.

The Illegal Academy was established in Oslo in 1941. It was created as a response to Nazified Norwegian arts education after the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry  was closed and the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts was taken over by Søren Onsager. Instructors at the academy included Axel Revold, Jean Heiberg, Henrik Sørensen, Per Palle Storm, Stinius Fredriksen, and Per Krohg, and its students included Edmund Ree, Harald Peterssen, Ulf Dreyer, Victor Sparre, Olav Johan Andreassen, Gladys Raknerud, Arnold Haukeland, and Liv Nergaard. The academy changed locations often; one of its early locations was at Pilestredet 15b, where it was referred to as Fabrikken (The Factory) in reference to the Norena Corset Factory.

Per Krohg
Per Lasson Krohg (18 June 1889 – 3 March 1965) was a Norwegian visual artist and teacher. He is best known for the mural he created for the United Nations Security Council Chamber, located in the United Nations headquarters in New York City.
Malliavin's absolute continuity lemma
In mathematics — specifically, in measure theory — Malliavin's absolute continuity lemma is a result due to the French mathematician Paul Malliavin that plays a foundational rôle in the regularity (smoothness) theorems of the Malliavin calculus.  Malliavin's lemma gives a sufficient condition for a finite Borel measure to be absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure.

Lebesgue measure
In measure theory, a branch of mathematics, the Lebesgue measure, named after French mathematician Henri Lebesgue, is the standard way of assigning a measure to subsets of higher dimensional Euclidean n-spaces. For lower dimensions , it coincides with the standard measure of length, area, or volume. In general, it is also called n-dimensional volume, n-volume, hypervolume, or simply volume. It is used throughout real analysis, in particular to define Lebesgue integration. Sets that can be assigned a Lebesgue measure are called Lebesgue-measurable; the measure of the Lebesgue-measurable set  is here denoted by .

Henri Lebesgue described this measure in the year 1901 which, a year after, was followed up by his description of the Lebesgue integral. Both were published as part of his dissertation Intégrale, Longueur, Aire in 1902.
Vrhek
Vrhek (pronounced [ˈʋəɾxɛk]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Sevnica in east central Slovenia. It lies in the hills above the left bank of the Mirna River southeast of Krmelj. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Sevnica
The Municipality of Sevnica (Slovene: Občina Sevnica) is a municipality along the Sava and the Mirna Rivers in southeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Sevnica. Today it is part of the Lower Sava Statistical Region. It is the 12th-largest municipality by area in Slovenia.
Ted Rhodes (script editor)
Edward Rhodes (9 May 1934 – 16 December 2003) was a British television script editor who worked on 42 of 90 episodes of the BBC series All Creatures Great and Small.

Rhodes died of internal bleeding from a ruptured spleen in Wimbledon, London. He also had broken ribs and a broken jaw. A coroner found no link between his death and a punch he had taken from a cyclist he insulted while drunk two days prior. He was 69.

"I couldn't have done any of it without Ted Rhodes. He was marvellous", said Bill Sellars, producer of All Creatures. "He was a brilliant script editor. He spent his lifetime as a script editor and he had so many ideas. He knew how to put a script together. He knew what the beginning was, he knew the middle and he knew the end, and he could really weave those together to create one whole. They were never disjointed."

Script editor
A script editor is a member of the production team of scripted television and radio programs, usually dramas and comedies. The script editor has many responsibilities including finding new script writers, developing storyline and series ideas with writers, and ensuring that scripts  are suitable for production. The script editor will work closely with the writer at each draft of the script, giving the writer feedback on the quality of the work, suggesting improvements that can be made whilst also ensuring that practical issues like show continuity and correct running time are adhered to.  Unlike the writers, script editors will usually be full-time members of the production team, working closely with the producer, if the script writer is not a producer.
National Cyber and Crypto Agency
National Cyber and Crypto Agency (Indonesian: Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara, lit. 'State Cyber and Signal Agency', abbreviated as BSSN), is Indonesia's primary signal intelligence agency, as well as cyber intelligence, cyber threat intelligence, cyber defense, and cyber security agency.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Three Southern Banks
Three Southern Banks (Chinese: 南三行) referred to the three most capitalized commercial banks in the south of Yangtze River in the Republic of China in the 1920s, in contrast to the Four Northern Banks (北四行) of Northern China. With their headquarters in Shanghai, the three banks cooperated to form the group.

The three banks were The National Commercial Bank (浙江興業銀行), the Chekiang Industrial Bank (浙江實業銀行) and the Shanghai Commercial and Savings Bank (上海商業儲蓄銀行).

Market capitalization
Market capitalization, sometimes referred to as market cap, is the total value of a publicly traded company's outstanding common shares owned by stockholders.

Market capitalization is equal to the market price per common share multiplied by the number of common shares outstanding.