hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Louis-Joseph Papineau (Beauharnois, Quebec politician)
Louis-Joseph Papineau (French pronunciation: [lwi ʒozɛf papino]; January 3, 1861 – April 24, 1932) was a Canadian politician and lawyer. He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1908 federal election as the Liberal MP for Beauharnois, Quebec. He crossed the floor to join the Conservatives and was re-elected in the 1911 federal election. As a result of the Conscription Crisis of 1917, Papineau crossed the floor yet again to rejoin his old party and was re-elected in the 1917 federal election as a Laurier Liberal. He was re-elected in 1921, again as a Liberal before retiring from parliament with the 1925 federal election.

He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec in Beauharnois in the 1927 Quebec election for the Quebec Liberal Party. He did not run for re-election in 1931.

Crossing the floor
In some parliamentary systems (e.g., in Canada and the United Kingdom), politicians are said to cross the floor if they formally change their political affiliation to a political party different from the one they were initially elected under. In Australia, this term simply refers to Members of Parliament (MPs) who dissent from the party line and vote against the express instructions of the party whip while retaining membership in their political party.

Voting against party lines may lead to consequences such as losing a position (e.g., as minister or a portfolio critic) or being ejected from the party caucus. While these practices are legally permissible in most countries, crossing the floor can lead to controversy and media attention. Some countries like Malaysia, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, the Maldives and Bangladesh have laws that remove a member from parliament due to floor-crossing.
Bulluṭsa-rabi
Bulluṭsa-rabi (also romanized as Bullussa-rabi) was a Babylonian author and āšipu who most likely lived in the Kassite period. While sources from the first millennium BCE indicate at the time it was assumed that Bulluṭsa-rabi was a man, and this assumption was also initially followed by Assyriologists, further research showed that all individuals bearing this name recorded in earlier sources were women. A composition known from Nineveh, the Catalogue of Texts and Authors, attributes the authorship of a well known hymn to Gula and a number of unidentified texts to her.

Catalogue of Texts and Authors
The Catalogue of Texts and Authors is a work of Akkadian literature. The Catalogue represents the most important Mesopotamian metatext: its compiler grouped together texts or text categories under the names of authors "from whose mouth" they purportedly stem. Works are ascribed to Ea (the god of wisdom), to antediluvian sages and semi-mythical kings; but also to famous family ancestors and scholars from a less remote past. Additionally, some compositions are said to result from divine revelation or from dictation by certain animals.
Minor, Alabama
Minor is a census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is located north of the Birmingham suburb, Pleasant Grove and has a population of 1,094 (2010 census). Minor was damaged by an F5 tornado on April 8, 1998, including damage inflicted on the non-denominational Open Door Church.

Tornado outbreak of April 6–9, 1998
The tornado outbreak of April 6–9, 1998 was a large tornado outbreak that started on April 6 across the Great Plains and ended on April 9 across the Carolinas and Georgia, in 1998. A total of 62 tornadoes touched down from the Middle Atlantic States to the Midwestern United States and Texas. The outbreak is infamous for producing a deadly F5 that tore through the suburbs of Birmingham, Alabama, killing 32 people. This tornado outbreak was responsible for 41 deaths: 7 in Georgia and 34 in Alabama.
Brian Cantwell Smith
Brian Cantwell Smith (November 29, 1950 – September 6, 2025) was a Canadian-American philosopher and cognitive scientist whose work spanned cognitive science, computer science, information science, and philosophy. He was known for introducing the concept of computational reflection in programming languages, and for influential contributions to the philosophy of computing, ontology, epistemology, and the foundations of artificial intelligence.

Smith was a founder of the Center for the Study of Language and Information at Stanford University, and the first president of Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility. Smith served as principal scientist at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center in the 1980s and later held faculty positions at Indiana University, Duke University, and the University of Toronto, where he was Dean of the Faculty of Information from 2003 to 2008 and later held the Reid Hoffman Chair in Artificial Intelligence and the Human.

Stanford University centers and institutes
Stanford University has many centers and institutes dedicated to the study of various specific topics. These centers and institutes may be within a department, within a school but across departments, an independent laboratory, institute or center reporting directly to the dean of research and outside any school, or semi-independent of the university itself.
Salvia namaensis
Salvia namaensis (Nama sage) is an evergreen perennial shrub native to a limited area in Namibia and a wide area of South Africa (the Cape Provinces and the Free State). It is typically found growing on rocky slopes, shales, limestone hills, and sandy soils at 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation.

The specific epithet namaensis probably refers to the Nama tribe which is indigenous to Namaqualand, the region in Namibia where the plant grows.

Salvia namaensis is a slightly woody shrub that reaches 3 feet tall and wide. The small leaves (0.75 inch) are irregular and pinnatifid, giving the plant an airy appearance. The leaves are yellow-green, along with the new stems and calyx. The short inflorescences, about 4 inches long, have 2 to 6 flowers growing in each whorl. Flowering is typically light, with white or very pale blue corollas that are about 0.6 inches long. There are reportedly some that have mauve flowers.

Namaqualand
Namaqualand (Khoikhoi: "Nama-kwa" meaning Nama Khoi people's land) is an arid region of Namibia and South Africa, extending along the west coast over 1,000 km (600 mi) and covering a total area of 440,000 km2 (170,000 sq mi). It is divided by the lower course of the Orange River into two portions – Little Namaqualand to the south and Great Namaqualand to the north.

Little Namaqualand is within the Namakwa District Municipality, forming part of Northern Cape Province, South Africa. It is geographically the largest district in the country, spanning over 26,836 km2. A typical municipality is Kamiesberg Local Municipality. The semidesert Succulent Karoo region experiences hot summers, sparse rainfall, and cold winters.

Great Namaqualand, in the Karas Region of Namibia, is sparsely populated by the Nama, a Khoikhoi people who have traditionally inhabited the Namaqualand region.
Noricum
Noricum (/ˈnɒrɪkəm/) is the Latin name for the  kingdom or federation of tribes that included most of modern Austria and part of Slovenia. In the first century AD, it became a province of the Roman Empire. Its borders were the Danube to the north, Raetia and Vindelici to the west, Pannonia to the east and south-east, and Italia (Venetia et Histria) to the south. The kingdom was founded around 400 BC, and had its capital at the royal residence at Virunum on the Magdalensberg.

Venetia et Histria
Venetia et Histria (Latin: Regio X Venetia et Histria) was an administrative subdivision in the northeast of Roman Italy. It was originally created by Augustus as the tenth regio in 7 AD alongside the nine other regiones. The region had been one of the last regions of Italy to be incorporated into the Roman Empire. It was later renamed by Diocletian the VIII provincia Venetia et Histria in the third century. Its capital was at Aquileia, and it stretched geographically from the Arsia River in the east in what is now Croatia to the Abdua in the current Italian region of Lombardy and from the Alps to the Adriatic Sea.
Hepatica
Hepatica (hepatica, liverleaf, or liverwort) is a genus of herbaceous perennials in the buttercup family, native to central and northern Europe, Asia and eastern North America. Some botanists include Hepatica within a wider interpretation of Anemone.

North China
North China (Chinese: 华北) is a geographical region of the People's Republic of China, consisting of five provincial-level administrative divisions, namely the direct-administered municipalities Beijing and Tianjin, the provinces Hebei and Shanxi, and the autonomous region Inner Mongolia (although the four prefectures east of the Greater Khingan Range are sometimes regarded as parts of Northeast China).

Part of the larger region of Northern China (Beifang), it lies north of the Qinling–Huaihe Line, with its heartland in the North China Plain. Most inhabitants here speak variants of Northern Chinese languages such as Mandarin, which includes the  Beijing dialect and its cousin variants. The Beijing dialect is largely the basis of Standard Chinese (or Standard Mandarin), the official language of the People's Republic of China. Jin Chinese and Mongolian are also widely spoken due to the political and cultural history of the area.
Cape Sedov
Cape Sedov (69°22′S 14°5′E﻿ / ﻿69.367°S 14.083°E﻿ / -69.367; 14.083) is the ice cape which forms the northwest extremity of Lazarve Ice Shelf along the coast of Queen Maud Land. First photographed from the air and mapped by the German Antarctic Expedition, 1938–39. Remapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition in 1959 and named for Russian polar explorer G.Ya. Sedov.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Cape Sedov". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

New Swabia
New Swabia (Norwegian and German: Neuschwabenland) was an area of Antarctica explored, with the intention to claim it, by Nazi Germany between 1938 and 1939, within the Norwegian territorial claim of Queen Maud Land. The region was named after the expedition's ship, Schwabenland, itself named after the German region of Swabia. Although the name "New Swabia" is occasionally mentioned in historical contexts, it is not an officially recognized cartographic name in modern use. The area is now part of Queen Maud Land, governed under the Antarctic Treaty System.
Metro... In Dino (soundtrack)
Metro... In Dino (transl. These Days in Metro) is the soundtrack album to the 2025 film of the same name directed by Anurag Basu, which is a spiritual successor to Basu's own Life in a... Metro (2007), starring an ensemble cast consisting of Anupam Kher, Neena Gupta, Konkona Sen Sharma, Pankaj Tripathi, Aditya Roy Kapur, Sara Ali Khan, Ali Fazal, Fatima Sana Shaikh and Saswata Chatterjee.

The film's soundtrack and score were composed by Pritam, who also composed the soundtrack for the predecessor. Lyrics for the songs were written by Sandeep Srivastava, Anurag Sharma, Neelesh Misra, Mayur Puri, Amitabh Bhattacharya along with works adapted from poets Qaisar-ul-Jafri, Ghalib and Momin Khan Momin.

The soundtrack was split into two parts: side-A of the film's soundtrack featuring nine songs was released on 23 June 2025, followed by the side-B which was released on 14 July 2025 consisting of 13 songs. Both albums were distributed by T-Series, which is also one of the film's producers.

Mayur Puri
Mayur Puri is an Indian screenwriter, lyricist, actor and film-maker working in Mumbai. His film songwriting and dialogue work includes Farah Khan-directed films Om Shanti Om (2007), and Happy New Year (2014), as well as the 3D dance franchise ABCD: Any Body Can Dance and ABCD: Any Body Can Dance 2. He directed his first short film, Firdaws, in 2017.

On 17 November 2014, the library of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences selected the screenplay for Happy New Year for its permanent Core Collection.

Mayur has also worked on the adaptation and translation of several U.S. films and TV shows into Hindi, including Mowgli: Legend of the Jungle (2018), Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017), Thor: Ragnarok (2017), Maleficent: Mistress of Evil, The Lion King (2019), Avengers: Endgame (2019), Orange Is The New Black (2013–19), Jojo Rabbit (2019), Spies in Disguise (2019), and Locke and Key (2020).
2009 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship Division B
The 2009 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship Division B was the 5th edition of the Division B of the FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship, the second-tier level of European Under-20 basketball. The city of Skopje, in the Republic of Macedonia, hosted the tournament. Netherlands won their first title.

The Netherlands and the Czech Republic were promoted to Division A.

Netherlands men's national basketball team
The Netherlands men's national basketball team (Dutch: Het Nederlands nationaal basketbalteam) represents the Netherlands in international basketball matches. The national team is governed by Basketball Nederland.

The Dutch have reached the European Basketball Championship on 16 occasions. Their best results at the event came in 1983, where they finished in fourth place. They have also qualified for the FIBA World Cup once, in 1986. However, in recent years the national team has struggled to maintain consistency to reach major international tournaments.

The team represents itself as the Orange Lions.
Swin Hadley
Swinbourne Hadley (19 September 1904 – 29 April 1970) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A hooker, Hadley represented Auckland at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, on their 1928 tour to South Africa. He played 11 matches for the All Blacks on that tour, including all four Test matches.

On 30 March 1929, Hadley married Susan Cosnett at Sacred Heart Church, Ponsonby. During World War II, he served as a corporal with 24 Infantry Battalion, 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force, and was taken prisoner of war in Greece on 13 December 1941. He was later invalided home.  Hadley died in Auckland on 29 April 1970, and he was buried at Waikumete Cemetery.

Ponsonby, New Zealand
Ponsonby (Māori: Te Rimu Tahi) is an inner-city suburb of Auckland located 2 km west of the Auckland CBD. The suburb is oriented along a ridge running north–south, which is followed by the main street of the suburb, Ponsonby Road.

Ponsonby was originally a working-class neighbourhood until going through a period gentrification that saw upper-middle class residents move to the area starting in the 1970s.

Three Lamps is an area of Ponsonby located at the intersection of Ponsonby Road, College Hill, and St Marys Road. This name is derived from a 19th-century Lamppost.
Gyurov
Gyurov (Bulgarian: Гюров) is a Bulgarian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Gyurova. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrey Gyurov (born 1975), Bulgarian politician

Ginka Gyurova (born 1954), Bulgarian rower

Krasimira Gyurova (1953–2011), Bulgarian basketball player

Spas Gyurov (born 1986), Bulgarian road bicycle racer

Ginka Gyurova
Ginka Gyurova (Bulgarian: Гинка Гюрова, born 15 April 1954) is a Bulgarian rower who competed in the 1976 Summer Olympics and in the 1980 Summer Olympics.

In 1976 she was a crew member of the Bulgarian boat which won the silver medal in the coxed fours event. Four years later she won her second silver medal with the Bulgarian boat in the 1980 coxed fours competition.
2003 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 9
The 2003 Tour de France was the 90th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Paris with a prologue individual time trial on 5 July and Stage 9 occurred on 14 July with a mountainous stage to Gap. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées, back in Paris, on 27 July.

Champs-Élysées
The Avenue des Champs-Élysées (UK: /ˌʃɒ̃z eɪˈliːzeɪ, ɛ-/, US: /ʃɒ̃z ˌeɪliˈzeɪ/; French: [av(ə)ny de ʃɑ̃z‿elize] ⓘ), usually shortened to the Champs-Élysées, is an avenue in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France. The avenue is 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) long and 70 metres (230 ft) wide, running between the Place de la Concorde in the east and the Place Charles de Gaulle in the west, where the Arc de Triomphe is located. It is known for its theatres, cafés, and luxury shops; as the finish of the Tour de France cycling race; and for its annual Bastille Day military parade.

The name is French for the Elysian Fields, the place for dead heroes in Greek mythology. It has been described as the "most beautiful avenue in the whole world".
Area code 316
Area code 316 is the telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the city of Wichita, Kansas, and surrounding communities. The area code was one of the original North American area codes and formerly served all of southern Kansas. Today it is an enclave area code, in that it is surrounded by area code 620.

Emporia, Kansas
Emporia is a city in and the county seat of Lyon County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 24,139.  Emporia lies between Topeka and Wichita at the intersection of highways K-99, U.S. Route 50, Interstates 335 and 35 (Kansas Turnpike).  It is home to Emporia State University and Flint Hills Technical College, and two annual sporting events: Unbound Gravel (gravel bicycle race) and Dynamic Discs Open (disc golf tournament).
Andreas Baader
Berndt Andreas Baader (6 May 1943 – 18 October 1977) was a West German communist and leader of the far-left terrorist organization Red Army Faction (RAF), also commonly known as the Baader-Meinhof Group.

Stefan Aust
Stefan Aust (German: [ˈʃtɛ.fan aʊ̯st] ⓘ; born 1 July 1946) is a German journalist. He was the editor-in-chief of the weekly news magazine Der Spiegel from 1994 to February 2008 and has been the publisher of the conservative leading Die Welt newspaper since 2014 and the paper's editor until December 2016.
Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during the First World War
This is a timeline of the British home front during the First World War from 1914 to 1918. This conflict was the first modern example of total war in the United Kingdom; innovations included the mobilisation of the workforce, including many women, for munitions production, conscription and rationing. Civilians were subjected to naval bombardments, strategic bombing and food shortages caused by a submarine blockade.

Total war
Total war is a type of warfare that mobilizes the totality of national resources to sustain war production, blurring the line between military and civilian activities and legitimate attacks on civilian targets as part of a war without restriction as to the combatants, territory or objectives involved.

The term has been defined as "A war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of war are disregarded."

In the mid-19th century, scholars identified  what  later became known as total war as a separate class of warfare. In a total war, the differentiation between combatants and non-combatants diminishes due to the capacity of opposing sides to consider nearly every human, including non-combatants, as resources that are used in the war effort.
Islam in Central Sulawesi
Islam in Central Sulawesi, a province of Indonesia, is the majority religion embraced by around 75% of the province's 2,683,722 inhabitants (2011 projection figure, based on the 2010 census). The propagators of Islam were thought to enter Central Sulawesi through neighboring regions, namely Bone, Wajo, and Mandar from the south and west routes, and through Gorontalo and Ternate from the north and east routes via Tomini Bay and Tolo Bay.

Bone Regency
Bone Regency is a regency of South Sulawesi province of Indonesia. Originally the seat of the Bone state, it joined Indonesia in 1950. The regency covers an area of 4,559.00 km2 and had a population of 717,682 at the 2010 census and 801,775 at the 2020 census. The official estimate of population as of mid-2023 was 820,510. Its main products are seaweed, rice, and fish. The administrative centre is the town of Watampone, which comprises the three districts of Tanete Riattang Barat, Tanete Riattang, and Tanete Riattang Timur within the regency.
1907 in New Zealand
The following lists events that happened during 1907 in New Zealand.

There are celebrations throughout the country this year as New Zealand changes from colony to independent dominion status by proclamation of Edward VII on 26 September. In Wellington on 11 December there is a great sensation when the tinder-dry Parliament buildings burn to the ground.

Arthur Duncan (golfer)
Arthur Donald Stuart Duncan (6 August 1875 – 10 March 1951) was a New Zealand golfer and businessman. He was born in Colombo, Ceylon.

Duncan was the dominant amateur golfer in New Zealand in the first part of the 20th century. He won the New Zealand Amateur championship 10 times between 1899 and 1926 and the New Zealand Open three times, the inaugural event in 1907 and again in 1910 and 1911.

Duncan played three first-class cricket matches for Wellington as a batsman between 1894 and 1901.
Overnight Success (song)
"Overnight Success" is a song written by Sanger D. Shafer and recorded by American country music artist George Strait.  It was released in November 1989 as the fourth and final single from his album Beyond the Blue Neon.

Beyond the Blue Neon
Beyond the Blue Neon is the ninth studio album by American country music artist George Strait and 12th overall. It was released by MCA Records on February 6, 1989. It is certified platinum by the RIAA, and it produced the singles "Baby's Gotten Good at Goodbye", "What's Going on in Your World", "Ace in the Hole", and "Overnight Success". While the first three singles all reached Number One on the Billboard country charts in 1989, "Overnight Success" was a No. 8 for Strait in 1990. "Hollywood Squares" also charted at No. 67 in 1990 based on unsolicited airplay.
Ace of Aces (horse)
Ace of Aces (1970 – 26 March 1992) was an American-bred French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He showed modest ability as a three-year-old in 1973, winning one minor event from seven races. He began the following year as a pacemaker for his more highly regarded stable companions but soon developed into a high-class sprinter-miler, recording his first major win in the Prix du Chemin de Fer du Nord. He was then sent to England and scored the biggest win of his career when winning the Sussex Stakes. He went on to win the Oettingen-Rennen in Germany and was narrowly beaten in the Prix de l'Abbaye before being retired from racing at the end of the year. He stood as a breeding stallion in the United States and New Zealand but was not a success as a sire of winners.

Sussex Stakes
The Sussex Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run at Goodwood over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late July or early August.