hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Blumeria americana
Blumeria americana is a species of powdery mildew in the family Erysiphaceae. It is found in North America where it infects multiple genera of plants in the family Poaceae (grasses), mainly in the tribe Triticeae, with one host in the Poeae.

Triticeae
Triticeae is a botanical tribe within the subfamily Pooideae of grasses that includes genera with many domesticated species. Major crop genera found in this tribe include wheat (see wheat taxonomy), barley, and rye; crops in other genera include some for human consumption, and others used for animal feed or rangeland protection. Among the world's cultivated species, this tribe has some of the most complex genetic histories. An example is bread wheat, which contains the genomes of three species with only one being a wheat Triticum species. Seed storage proteins in the Triticeae are implicated in various food allergies and intolerances.
John Miller (St Mirren footballer)
John Miller was a Scottish footballer who played as a left half for Renfrew, Yoker Athletic, Petershill, Clydebank, St Mirren and Scotland.

Miller played with St Mirren for 14 years; as a reserve in 1926 he had no involvement in their successful Scottish Cup campaign, but in contrast he was an integral part of the team which reached the same stage of the competition again in 1934, but this time lost to Rangers. That outcome would have been particularly disappointing for Miller personally, coming just after a defeat to England in what proved to be his last of five international appearances.

Renfrew F.C.
Renfrew Football Club are a Scottish football club based in the town of Renfrew. Formed on 6 May 1912, they play in the West of Scotland League Premier Division. The Frew wear a home shirt of blue and white stripes
Kildare, Mpumalanga
Kildare is a remote town situated in the greater Ximhungwe areas of Bushbuckridge Local Municipality within the Ehlanzeni District Municipality in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa.

It is also known as Ximhungwe or Ireagh to many locals from the nearby areas due to the major postal office and a Transnet railway station situated in the town. One of the largest and busiest taxi ranks in the greater Ximhungwe areas can be found in the town.

Kildare, or Ximhungwe is also a central business location where taxis to major townships and villages such as Thulamahashe, Mkhuhlu, Lillydale and Cunningmore can be found.

Transnet
Transnet SOC Ltd is a large South African rail, port and pipeline company, headquartered in the Carlton Centre in Johannesburg. It was formed as a limited company on 1 April 1990. A majority of the company's stock is owned by the Department of Public Enterprises, or DPE, of the South African government. The company was formed by restructuring into business units the operations of South African Railways and Harbours and other existing operations and products.

As of August 2024, the company has an accumulated debt of R121 billion.
Figueira Pavão
Figueira Pavão is a settlement in the southeastern part of the island of Fogo, Cape Verde. In 2010 its population was 320. It is situated 3 km southwest of Cova Figueira and 20 km east of the island capital São Filipe. Nearby settlements are Achada Furna to the west and Estância Roque to the north.

Fogo, Cape Verde
Fogo (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈfoɡu]; Portuguese for "fire") is an island in the Sotavento group of Cape Verde in the central Atlantic Ocean. Its population is 35,837 (2015),: 36  with an area of 476 km2 (184 sq mi).: 25  It reaches the highest altitude of all the islands in Cape Verde, rising to 2,829 metres (9,281 feet) above sea level at the summit of its active volcano, Pico do Fogo.: 25
Edmund Hollander
Edmund David Hollander (born September 3, 1954) is an American landscape architect and educator. A New York City native, he is the president of Hollander Design Landscape Architects, a New York-based firm known for environmental planning, landscape design and horticulture. The firm provides services to residential, commercial and civic clients.

According to Hollander, the cornerstone of his practice is his theory of the "Three Ecologies":  Ecology of site, Human Ecology, and the Ecology of Architecture.  In the introduction to his book, The Good Garden, Hollander opined: “A powerful landscape unfolds like a story. Your land is your home and within your home is the house."

Hollander has taught at the Graduate School of Fine Arts at the University of Pennsylvania and at City College of New York.

Landscape design
Landscape design is an independent profession and a design and art tradition, practiced by landscape designers, combining  nature and  culture.  In contemporary practice, landscape design bridges the space between landscape architecture and garden design.
Ahtme
Ahtme is a settlement in Ida-Viru County, Estonia with a population of around 18,000. It is administered as the second major district of the town of Kohtla-Järve, despite being separate from the central district of Järve and geographically closer to the independent town of Jõhvi, located directly to the north. Ahtme was an independent town from 1953 to 1960. The economy is centered on the oil shale industry.

Ahtme is divided into neighborhoods. One neighborhood is Tammiku.

Jõhvi
Jõhvi (/ˈjoʊvi/ YOH-vee; Estonian: [ˈjɤhʋi]; German: Jewe) is a town in northeastern Estonia, and the administrative seat of Ida-Viru County and Jõhvi Parish. The town is located about 50 km west of the Estonia–Russia international border.
Zoltán Pál Dienes
Zoltán Pál Dienes (Hungarian: [ˈzoltaːn ˈpaːl ˈdijɛnɛʃ]; September 11, 1916 – January 11, 2014), anglicized as Zoltan Paul Dienes, was a Hungarian mathematician whose ideas on education (especially of small children) have been popular in some countries.
He was a world-famous theorist and tireless practitioner of the "new mathematics": an approach to mathematics learning that uses games, songs, and dance to make it more appealing to children. He is credited with the creation of base ten blocks, popularly referred to as Dienes blocks.

Dienes's life and ideas are described in his autobiography, Memoirs of a Maverick Mathematician (ISBN 1844261921), and his book of mathematical games, I Will Tell You Algebra Stories You've Never Heard Before (ISBN 1844261913). He has also published a book of poetry, Calls from the Past (ISBN 1844261905).

His later life contributions have been chronicled by Bharath Sriraman in the second monograph of The Montana Mathematics Enthusiast.

The Mathematics Enthusiast
The Mathematics Enthusiast is a triannual peer-reviewed open access academic journal covering undergraduate mathematics, mathematics education, including historical, philosophical, and cross-cultural perspectives on mathematics. It is hosted by ScholarWorks at the University of Montana. The journal was established in 2004 and its founding editor-in-chief is Bharath Sriraman. The journal exists as an independent entity in order to give authors full copyright over their articles, and is not affiliated with any commercial publishing companies.
Illinois Route 98
Illinois Route 98 (IL 98, Route 98) is an 8.36-mile (13.45 km) east–west state highway located entirely within Tazewell County in central Illinois. The route runs from Route 29 on the border of Pekin and North Pekin east to Interstate 155 (I-155) in Morton. The highway connects Pekin, North Pekin, Morton, and the community of Groveland; it passes through a variety of landscapes between the towns. Route 98 is maintained by the Illinois Department of Transportation.

The state of Illinois created Route 98 in 1924; the original route connected several cities in western Illinois. The eastern section of this route appeared on maps by 1928, and the highway was completed in 1929. In 1939, Route 98 moved to its current alignment. Its eastern terminus was truncated from downtown Morton to I-155 in the 1990s.

North Pekin, Illinois
North Pekin is a village in Tazewell County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, North Pekin had a population of 1,478. North Pekin is a suburb of Peoria and is part of the Peoria, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Tinyaq
Tinyaq (Quechua tinya a kind of drum, -q a suffix, also spelled Tinyacc) or Quri Willka (Quechua quri gold, willka  minor god in the Inca culture, an image of the Willkanuta valley worshipped as God; grandchild; great-grandson; lineage; holy, sacred, divine, willka or wilka Anadenanthera colubrina (a tree), also spelled Qoriwillka) is an archaeological site  in Peru with storehouses of the Inca period on a mountain named Tinyaq. It is located in the Ayacucho Region, Huanta Province, Iguain District.

Tinya
The tinya (Quechua) or kirki (Quechua) is a percussion instrument, a small handmade drum of leather which is used in the traditional music of the Andean region, particularly Peru. The drum dates to the pre-Columbian era, and is used in traditional Peruvian dances, notably in Los Danzantes de Levanto where it is played by one person simultaneously with the antara, a type of panflute; that instrument combination is similar to the worldwide tradition of the pipe and tabor.

Musician plays Pinkullo flute with one hand and drums a tinya with the other at a Huari Danza in Peru.
Nan's Christmas Carol
Nan's Christmas Carol is a spin-off of The Catherine Tate Show. The one-off special, based on Charles Dickens' 1843 novella A Christmas Carol, is about Nan visited by three ghosts on Christmas night in her council flat. It is the first episode in spin-off Catherine Tate's Nan specials.

David Tennant
David John Tennant (né McDonald; born 18 April 1971) is a Scottish actor. He is best known for portraying the lead character in Doctor Who, headlining the show as the Tenth Doctor from 2005–2010, and returning as the Fourteenth Doctor in 2023. His other notable screen roles include portraying Barty Crouch Jr. in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2005), DI Alec Hardy in Broadchurch (2013–2017), Crowley in Good Omens (2019–present), and various fictionalised versions of himself in Staged (2020–2022).

Tennant has worked extensively on stage, including a portrayal of the title character in a 2008 Royal Shakespeare Company production of Hamlet that was later adapted for television. He is also a voice actor, featured in the animated series DuckTales (2017–2021) as the voice of Scrooge McDuck. In 2015, he was the recipient of the Special Recognition Award at the National Television Award.
Carlos Quinteros
Carlos Quinteros (nom de guerre: Miguel) was a Guatemalan communist. Quinteros was a member of the Guatemalan Party of Labour (PGT). When PGT split in 1978 he became a leading figure in the more militant PGT-NDN break-away group. However, he soon left PGT-NDN and joined Guatemalan Party of Labour - Communist Party (PGT-PC). Soon, however he was expelled from PGT-PC.

In 1983 Quinteros was captured by the state forces. He soon turned into a collaborator and started providing information about his former comrades in PGT, PGT-NDN, PGT-PC. In total, around 70 people were captured and killed. In some cases Quinteros himself took part in the executions. PGT-PC was essentially wiped out in this process and PGT-NDN was reduced to the party leader and closest associates in exile.

Quinteros was eventually killed by his former comrades.

This events are told in the book El Filo (1993).

Guatemalan Party of Labour
The Guatemalan Labour Party (Partido Guatemalteco del Trabajo) was a Marxist-Leninist party in Guatemala. It existed from 1949 to 1998. It gained prominence during the government of Jacobo Arbenz. It was one of the main forces of opposition to the various regimes that followed Arbenz's overthrow, and later became a constituent of the URNG guerrilla coalition during the later phase of the country's Civil War.
Eugenio Bulygin
Eugenio Bulygin, born Yevgeny Viktorovich Bulygin (Russian: Евгений Викторович Булыгин; July 25, 1931 – May 11, 2021) was a Russian Argentine jurist and legal philosopher. During a career that spanned over 60 years covering the second half of the 20th century and the first decades of the 21st century, Bulygin established himself as one of the main representatives of legal positivism in the Latin world.

Arthur Prior
Arthur Norman Prior (4 December 1914 – 6 October 1969), usually cited as A. N. Prior, was a New Zealand–born logician and philosopher. Prior (1957) founded tense logic, now also known as temporal logic, and made important contributions to intensional logic, particularly in Prior (1971).
Ballitore
Ballitore (Irish: Béal Átha an Tuair) is a village in County Kildare, Ireland, sometimes spelt as Ballytore. It is noted for its historical Quaker associations. It was the first planned Quaker village in either England or Ireland - and remains the only one in Europe.

Jonathan Irwin
Jonathan Hiatt Nicolson Dermot Irwin (21 June 1941 – 10 December 2023) was a British-Irish bloodstock agent, auctioneer, stud owner, publisher, racetrack executive and charity founder. In 1997, he founded the Jack and Jill Foundation with his wife Mary Ann O'Brien, to provide home health care to severely sick babies. It was set up as a direct response to the couple's experience of caring at home for their son Jack, born with severe brain damage in 1996.
Cross-country skiing at the 1968 Winter Olympics – Men's 50 kilometre
The men's 50 kilometre cross-country skiing competition at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, France, was held on Saturday 17 February at Autrans. Gjermund Eggen of Norway was the defending World champion while Sixten Jernberg of Sweden was the defending Olympic champion.

Each skier started at half a minute intervals, skiing the entire 50 kilometre course. Of the 51 athletes who started the race, 4 did not finish.

Ole Ellefsæter of Norway took his second gold medal of the Games after being a part of Norway's winning team in the 4×10 kilometre relay earlier in the games.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1966
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1966 took place 17–27 February 1966 in Oslo, Norway at the Holmenkollen ski arena. This was the third time the Norwegian capital hosted this event having done so in 1930 and at the 1952 Winter Olympics. This also equaled the most times a city had hosted with Lahti, Finland (1926, 1938, 1958) and Zakopane, Poland (1929, 1939, and 1962).
Hillsborough House
Hillsborough House, later called Hillsborough Hall, is a large, stone-built mansion constructed in the Adam style in the latter part of the 18th century. It stands 2+1⁄2 miles north-west of the centre of Sheffield at grid reference SK331901 in the suburb of Hillsborough within Hillsborough Park, a council-owned public recreational area. For 124 years the house was a private dwelling, but since 1906 it has housed the Hillsborough branch library. It is a Grade II listed building as are the coach house and stables which stand 22 yards (20 m) north-west of the main house.

Adam style
The Adam style (also called Adamesque or the Style of the Brothers Adam) is an 18th-century neoclassical style of interior design and architecture, as practised by Scottish architect William Adam and his sons, of whom Robert (1728–1792) and James (1732–1794) were the most widely known.

The Adam brothers advocated an integrated style for architecture and interiors, with walls, ceilings, fireplaces, furniture, fixtures, fittings and carpets all being designed by the Adams as a single uniform scheme. Their style is commonly known under the mistaken plural "Adams style".

The Adam style found its niche from the late 1760s in upper-class and middle-class residences in 18th-century England, Scotland, Russia (where it was introduced by Scottish architect Charles Cameron), and post-Revolutionary War United States (where it became known as Federal style and took on a variation of its own). The style was superseded from around 1795 onwards by the Regency style and the French Empire style.
2022 Atlantic 10 women's basketball tournament
The 2022 Atlantic 10 women's basketball tournament (A-10) is the postseason women's basketball tournament for the Atlantic 10 Conference's 2021–22 season. It is being held from March 2 through March 6, 2022, at the Chase Fieldhouse in Wilmington, Delaware.

Chase Fieldhouse
The Chase Fieldhouse, originally known as the 76ers Fieldhouse, is a 2,500-seat multi-purpose arena and sports complex in Wilmington, Delaware, United States. The arena opened in 2019 and is home to the Delaware Blue Coats of the NBA G League team, an affiliate of the NBA's Philadelphia 76ers.
2011 Pan American Games opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of the 2011 Pan American Games took place on October 14, 2011, beginning at 20:00 CDT (1:00 UTC, October 15) at Omnilife Stadium in Zapopan, a suburb of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. The opening ceremony was directed and produced by Five Currents, which also produced the ceremonies at the 2002 Winter Olympics and the 2007 Pan American Games.

Julio Maglione
Julio César Maglione (born November 14, 1935, in Montevideo, Uruguay) is a former member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) from Uruguay. He became an IOC member in 1996 and an honorary member in 2015.

Between 1989 and 1990, he served as president of the Uruguayan Football Association.

Maglione has been president of the Uruguayan Olympic Committee (Comité Olímpico Uruguayo, COU) since 1987. In July 2009, he was elected President of FINA, the International Swimming Federation. As of July 2013, he is about to be reelected for that post.

In September 2012, Maglione was reelected president of the COU for the period 2012–2016.
Wirthiotrema
Wirthiotrema is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. These tropical bark-dwelling lichens form yellow-green to light olive crusts with small, disc-like fruiting bodies that open through tiny circular pores. The genus contains six species found in lowland to mountain forests across tropical regions worldwide.

Amyloid (mycology)
In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black staining. The term "amyloid" is derived from the Latin amyloideus ("starch-like"). It refers to the fact that starch gives a similar reaction, also called an amyloid reaction. The test can be on microscopic features, such as spore walls or hyphal walls, or the apical apparatus or entire ascus wall of an ascus, or be a macroscopic reaction on tissue where a drop of the reagent is applied. Negative reactions, called inamyloid or nonamyloid, are for structures that remain pale yellow-brown or clear. A reaction producing a deep reddish to reddish-brown staining is either termed a dextrinoid reaction (pseudoamyloid is a synonym) or a hemiamyloid reaction.
2023 Dallas Summer Series – Doubles
Maria Kozyreva and Veronika Miroshnichenko were the defending champions but Kozyreva chose not to participate. Miroshnichenko partnered alongside Maria Kononova, but lost in the quarterfinals to Sophie Chang and Ashley Lahey.

Chang and Lahey won the title, defeating Makenna Jones and Jamie Loeb in the final, 6–2, 6–2.

Ashley Lahey
Ashley Lahey (born October 26, 1999) is an American tennis player.

Lahey has a career-high singles ranking of 317 by the WTA, achieved on 18 September 2023. She also has a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 170, achieved on 25 September 2023.

Lahey won her first bigger ITF title at the 2022 Tyler Pro Challenge, in the doubles draw, partnering Maria Kozyreva.

She played college tennis at Pepperdine University.
Constantius Gallus
Flavius Claudius Constantius Gallus (326 – 354) was a statesman and ruler in the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire from 351 to 354, as Caesar under emperor Constantius II (r. 337–61), his cousin. A grandson of emperor Constantius Chlorus  (r. 293–306) and empress Flavia Maximiana Theodora, and a son of Julius Constantius and Galla, he belonged to the Constantinian dynasty. Born during the reign of his uncle Constantine the Great (r. 306–37), he was among the few male members of the imperial family to survive the purge that followed Constantine's death. Under Constantius II, Gallus served as deputy emperor, based in Antioch and married to Constantius' sister Constantina. He dealt with a Jewish revolt in the years 351-352. Gallus ultimately fell out of favor with Constantius and was executed, being replaced as Caesar by his younger half-brother Julian.

Ammianus Marcellinus
Ammianus Marcellinus, occasionally anglicized as Ammian (Greek: Αμμιανός Μαρκελλίνος; born c. 330, died c. 391 – 400), was a Greek and Roman soldier and historian who wrote the penultimate major historical account surviving from antiquity (preceding Procopius). Written in Latin and known as the Res gestae, his work chronicled the history of Rome from the accession of Emperor Nerva in 96 to the death of Valens at the Battle of Adrianople in 378. Only the sections covering the period 353 to 378 survive.
Carrick Castle
Carrick Castle is a 14th-century tower house on the west shore of Loch Goil on the Cowal Peninsula, in Argyll and Bute, west of Scotland. It is located between Cuilmuich and Carrick, 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Lochgoilhead.

The castle stands on a rocky peninsula, and was formerly defended to landward by a ditch and drawbridge. The building is around 66 by 38 feet (20 by 12 m), and up to 64 feet (20 m) high with walls seven feet thick. It consists of two floors above the central great hall and stands 64 feet high.  There is a curiosity – a small chimney is built into a window recess. There is an appendage of a smaller 17th century structure to the original rectangular tower house. The structure has been designated a scheduled monument and a Category A listed building by Historic Environment Scotland.

Modern-day houses in the surrounding area take the name Carrick Castle.

Drawbridge
A drawbridge or draw-bridge is a type of moveable bridge typically at the entrance to a castle or tower surrounded by a moat. In some forms of English, including American English, the word drawbridge commonly refers to all types of moveable bridges, such as bascule bridges, vertical-lift bridges and swing bridges, but this article concerns the narrower historical definition where the bridge is used in a defensive structure.

As used in castles or defensive structures, drawbridges provide access across defensive structures when lowered, but can quickly be raised from within to deny entry to an enemy force.
Mark Garnier
Mark Robert Timothy Garnier OBE (born 26 February 1963) is a British Conservative Party politician and former banker who has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Wyre Forest since 2010 and Shadow Economic Secretary to the Treasury since November 2024. He was previously Shadow Shadow Minister for Energy Security and Net Zero from July to November 2024. He was a junior minister at the Department for International Trade from July 2016 to January 2018. He was previously chair of the Committees on Arms Export Controls.

Department for International Trade
The Department for International Trade (DIT) was a department of the United Kingdom Government, from July 2016 to February 2023. It was responsible for striking and extending trade agreements between the United Kingdom and foreign countries, as well as for encouraging foreign investment and export trade.

DIT's purpose was to develop, coordinate and deliver a new trade policy for the United Kingdom, including preparing for and then negotiating free trade agreements and market access deals with non-EU countries.

The final Secretary of State for International Trade, was Kemi Badenoch. On 7 February 2023, the department was merged in a reshuffle with parts of the former Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy to form the new Department for Business and Trade. Badenoch became Secretary of State for Business and Trade.

The department was scrutinised by the International Trade Select Committee.