hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isaac ben Ezra
Isaac ben Ezra (full name: Abu Hasdai Yitzhak ben Ezra ibn Shaprut; also known as Isaac ibn Shaprut) was a rabbi active in Jaén during the early tenth century CE. Rabbi Isaac was a very wealthy man and constructed a richly decorated synagogue at Cordoba.

Isaac ben Ezra was the father of the great scholar and statesman Hasdai ibn Shaprut, advisor to the Umayyad caliph of Cordova, Abd ar-Rahman III.  Hasdai ibn Shaprut is noted for his translation of Dioscorides' influential work on botany, De Materia Medica into Arabic, from which it became the common intellectual property of the Arabs and of medieval Europe.

Abd al-Rahman III
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Ḥakam al-Rabdī ibn Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Dākhil al-Marwānī al-Umawī al-Qurashī (Arabic: عبدالرحمن بن محمد بن عبداللہ بن محمد بن عبدالرحمن بن الحكم بن هشام بن عبد الرحمن الداخل المرواني الأموي القرشي; 890–961), or simply ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III, was the Umayyad Emir of Córdoba from 912 to 929, at which point he founded the Caliphate of Córdoba, serving as its first caliph until his death.  Abd al-Rahman won the laqab (sobriquet) al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh (lit. 'the Defender of God's Faith') in his early 20s when he supported the Maghrawa Berbers in North Africa against Fatimid expansion and later claimed the title of Caliph for himself. His half-century reign was known for its religious tolerance.
Unionization
Unionization is the creation and growth of modern trade unions. Trade unions were often seen as a left-wing, socialist concept, whose popularity has increased during the 19th century when a rise in industrial capitalism saw a decrease in motives for up-keeping workers' rights.

Workers usually create unions when they face a certain struggle within their industry. They tend to organize themselves by sector of employment and may join a general union to represent employees in all sectors. Different unions may vary in how much emphasis is placed on participation, union leadership, aims, and techniques, depending on the impact of their action.

On average, blue-collar workers tend to be more unionized than white-collar workers.

Labor rights
Labor rights or workers' rights are both legal rights and human rights relating to labor relations between workers and employers. These rights are codified in national and international labor and employment law. In general, these rights influence working conditions in the relations of employment. One of the most prominent is the right to freedom of association, otherwise known as the right to organize. Workers organized in trade unions exercise the right to collective bargaining to improve working conditions.
New Brunswick Summer Music Festival
The New Brunswick Summer Music Festival presents classical chamber music, performed by some of Canada's finest performers. Concerts are held at Memorial Hall on the campus of the University of New Brunswick.

Founded in 1994, the festival focuses on the music of two composers, one well-known, and one less well-known; for example, the inaugural festival featured Ludwig van Beethoven and Ernő Dohnányi; the 2006 composers are Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Chevalier de Saint-Georges.

Ernst von Dohnányi
Ernst von Dohnányi (Hungarian: Dohnányi Ernő, [ˈɛrnøː ˈdohnaːɲi]; 27 July 1877 – 9 February 1960) was a Hungarian composer, pianist and conductor. He used the German form of his name on most published compositions.
Abuja DSS attack
The Abuja DSS attack was a coordinated terrorist attack by the Islamic group Boko Haram on the Department of State Security, Abuja on 31 March 2014 in a bid to escape from detention.
This resulted in the death of 21 insurgents who attempted to escape leaving 2 security personnel severely injured.

State Security Service (Nigeria)
The State Security Service (SSS), self-styled as the Department of State Services (DSS), is a security agency in Nigeria and one of three successor organisations to the National Security Organization (NSO). The agency is under the Presidency of Nigeria, and it reports its activities direct to the President, office of the ONSA, headquartered in Abuja.
Nectar Sanjenbam
Colonel Nectar Sanjenbam, KC, SC is a decorated retired Indian Army officer with the 21 PARA SF. He was also part of the Indian Army's counter-insurgency operation in Myanmar in 2015.  He is one of the few recipients of both the Kirti Chakra and Shaurya Chakra award. He also served as Special Senior superintendent of police (Combat) in Manipur Police.

Para (Special Forces)
The Para (Special Forces), informally referred to as Para SF, is a group of special forces battalions of the Parachute Regiment in the Indian Army. These units specialise in various roles including  counter-insurgency, counter-terrorism, direct action, hostage rescue, special reconnaissance and unconventional warfare.

The unit's heritage stems from World War II, with the creation of the 50th Parachute Brigade in October 1941 under the British Indian Army. 9 Para (SF) was raised in 1965 as the 9th Parachute Commando Battalion (as part of the Parachute Regiment) and is the oldest among the fifteen Para (SF) units of the Indian Army. It has been involved in various operations including the Indo-Pakistan war of 1971 (including Chachro Raid), Operation Bluestar, Operation Pawan, Operation Cactus, Kargil War, Operation Ginger, 2015 Indian counter-insurgency operation in Myanmar, 2016 Pampore stand-off, 2016 Indian Line of Control strike and in several anti-terror operations.
Mepuri language
Mepuri is an extinct Arawakan language of Brazil that was spoken around the confluence of the Rio Negro and Japurá River, mainly on the Marié River and Curicuriari River. A word list was collected by Johann Natterer in 1831.

Rio Negro (Amazon)
The Rio Negro (Spanish: Río Negro [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo] "Black River"), or Guainía as it is known in its upper part, is the largest left tributary of the Amazon River (accounting for about 14% of the water in the Amazon basin), the largest blackwater river in the world, and one of the world's ten largest rivers by average discharge. It originates in the tepuis of the department of Guainía, Colombia, and then flows southeastward before finally entering Brazil. Despite its high flow, the Rio Negro has a low sediment load (5.76 million tonnes per year on average in Manaus).
Robert R. Martin (educator)
Robert Richard Martin (December 27, 1910 – November 29, 1997) was a Kentucky educator and politician. He was the 30th Kentucky Superintendent of Public Instruction in 1955, and served in that role through 1959, then becoming state finance commissioner. Later in 1960 he became the seventh president of Eastern Kentucky State College (which became Eastern Kentucky University in 1966). In 1977, the year after he retired as EKU president, Martin was elected as a Democratic member of the Kentucky Senate, taking office in January 1978 and serving through 1986. He represented Kentucky's 22nd Senate district, which at the time of his election comprised Garrard, Jessamine, Madison, and Mercer counties.

Eastern Kentucky University
Eastern Kentucky University (Eastern or EKU) is a public university in Richmond, Kentucky, United States. It also maintains branch campuses in Corbin, Hazard, and Manchester and offers over 40 online undergraduate and graduate options.
Charles Herschel Sisam
Charles Herschel Sisam (8 September 1879, Cedar Rapids, Iowa – 4 December 1964) was an American mathematician.

He received his B.A. in 1902 from the University of Michigan and then his M.A. in 1903 and Ph.D. in 1906, under the supervision of Virgil Snyder, from Cornell University. While working on his Ph.D., Sisam was a mathematics instructor at the United States Naval Academy from 1904 to 1906. He was an instructor in 1906–1907, a research associate in 1907–1909, and an assistant professor in 1909–1918 at the University of Illinois. From 1918 to 1948, he was a full-time professor at Colorado College. He did research on algebraic surfaces and was an invited speaker at the ICM in 1928 in Bologna. He was an editorial staff of the Transactions of the American Mathematical Society from 1930 to 1936.

Sisam married and was the father of a daughter.

Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Cedar Rapids is a city in Linn County, Iowa, United States, and the county seat. The population was 137,710 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 137,904 in 2024. making it the second-most populous city in Iowa. The city lies on both banks of the Cedar River, 20 miles (32 km) north of Iowa City and 128 miles (206 km) northeast of Des Moines, the state's capital.

Cedar Rapids is the economic hub of Eastern Iowa, located at the core of the Interstate 380 corridor. The population of the three-county Cedar Rapids metropolitan area, which includes the nearby cities of Marion and Hiawatha, was 276,520 in 2020. The Cedar Rapids metropolitan area is also part of a combined statistical area with the Iowa City metropolitan area.
December 1986 Birzeit University protests
The December 1986 Birzeit University protests were a series of protests led by students at Birzeit University in the West Bank in December 1986.

Beginning as a sit-down protest against an Israeli roadblock that significantly impacted campus life, the protest soon spread across Palestine after the Israeli military shot and killed two of the protestors. Two more protestors would be killed by Israeli forces over the course of the demonstrations, both under the age of 18, and Birzeit University would be forcibly closed by Israeli forces until mid-January 1987. The protests also constituted one of the significant events in the mid-1980s that led to the outbreak of the First Intifada in December 1987.

Ministry of Defense (Israel)
The Ministry of Defense (Hebrew: משרד הביטחון, romanized: Misrad HaBitahon, lit. 'Ministry of Security', acronym: Hebrew: משהב"ט) of the government of Israel, is the governmental department responsible for defending the State of Israel from internal and external military threats. Its political head is the defense minister of Israel, and its offices are located in HaKirya, Tel Aviv.

The Ministry of Defense oversees most of the Israeli security forces, including the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), Israel Military Industries (IMI), and Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI).

The ministry was established when the British Mandate of Palestine ended, and the British Army departed Palestine and the State of Israel was formed. This ended the rag-tag militia units during British rule and gave way to the formal defense of the Jewish state.
Scopulifer
Scopulifer is a genus of Asian click beetle allies in the subfamily Eucneminae and tribe Dendrocharini, erected by Edmond Fleutiaux in 1896.

Note This genus should not be confused with the genus of African skipper butterflies: Scopulifera Libert, 2014 - (tribe Celaenorrhinini).

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Kirby Deater-Deckard
Kirby D. Deater-Deckard is an American developmental psychologist who is Professor of Psychological & Brain Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, as well as director of the Healthy Development Initiative at the UMass Center in Springfield. He has been a fellow of the Association for Psychological Science since 2008. Dr. Deater-Deckard is also the co-author (along with Dr. John W. Santrock) of a number of textbooks like "Children, 15th Edition" and "Child Development: An Introduction" (now in the 16th edition).

Association for Psychological Science
The Association for Psychological Science (APS), previously the American Psychological Society, is an international non-profit organization whose mission is to promote, protect, and advance the interests of scientifically oriented psychology in research, application, teaching, and the improvement of human welfare. APS publishes several journals, holds an annual meeting, disseminates psychological science research findings to the general public, and works with policymakers to strengthen support for scientific psychology.
2009 Longueuil municipal election
The 2009 Longueuil municipal election took place on November 1, 2009, to elect a mayor and city councillors in Longueuil, Quebec, Canada.

Caroline St-Hilaire was elected to her first term as mayor, and her party won 11 of the 26 seats on Longueuil City Council.

Caroline St-Hilaire
Caroline St-Hilaire (born November 16, 1969, in Longueuil, Quebec) is a Canadian politician, who served as Mayor of Longueuil under the banner of Action Longueuil from November 10, 2009, to November 5, 2017. She was previously a Member of Parliament, representing the Bloc Québécois for the riding of Longueuil—Pierre-Boucher.

In 2022, she ran as a Coalition Avenir Québec candidate in Sherbrooke for the provincial election, and lost to incumbent MNA Christine Labrie.
Odowaa Yusuf Rageh
Odowa Yussuf Raage (born 14 April 1987) is a Somali military officer who has served as the Chief of Defence Force of Somalia since November 2024, He previously served in the same position from to August 2020 to June 2023.

Somali National Army
The Somali National Army (Somali: Ciidanka Xooga Dalka Soomaaliyeed, lit. 'Somali Ground Forces') are the ground forces component of the Somali Armed Forces.

Since Somali independence in 1960, the Army fought to expand and increase Somalia's sphere of influence throughout the Horn of Africa counter to Ethiopia's and Kenya's ambitions, because of this, Somalia had amassed large ground forces. After the fall of Mohammed Siad Barre the Armed Forces began an unsteady rebirth in the 21st century.
The Old Tune
The Old Tune is a free translation of Robert Pinget’s 1960 play La Manivelle (The Crank) in which Samuel Beckett transformed Pinget's Parisians, Toupin and Pommard into Dubliners, Cream and Gorman. Its first radio broadcast was by the BBC Third Programme on 23 August 1960, directed by Barbara Bray with Jack MacGowran as Cream and Patrick Magee as Gorman.

For the unspecified old tune played by Gorman on the barrel organ Beckett selected The Bluebells of Scotland, suggested by the bank of bluebells mentioned near the start of the play.

Jack MacGowran
John Joseph MacGowran (13 October 1918 – 30 January 1973) was an Irish actor. He was known for being one of the foremost stage interpreters of the work of Samuel Beckett and Seán O'Casey. He was also known to film audiences for his roles as Professor Abronsius in The Fearless Vampire Killers (1967), Juniper in How I Won the War (1967), and Burke Dennings in The Exorcist (1973); MacGowran died during production of the latter film.
Nälkämaan laulu
Nälkämaan laulu (meaning "Song of the Hunger Land") is a Finnish poem by Ilmari Kianto. It was turned into a song by Oskar Merikanto, and this song is the regional anthem of the Kainuu region. The song was first performed in 1911. A Swedish translation of the lyrics was made by Kianto's daughter Raija-Liisa Kianto in 2005, named Hungerlandets sång.

The lyrics describe the natural beauty of Kainuu, the hard-working nature (see sisu) of the Kainuu people, and their pride of their homeland.

Ilmari Kianto
Ilmari Kianto (7 May 1874 – 27 April 1970), also known as Ilmari Calamnius and Ilmari Iki-Kianto, was a Finnish author. He was born in Pulkkila, Northern Ostrobothnia, and is best known for his books Punainen viiva ("The Red Line", published 1909) and Ryysyrannan Jooseppi (published in 1924). In his books, he describes people and living at Suomussalmi municipality in Kainuu region. He was also a Karelian irredenitist and an anti-communist. He died in Helsinki, aged 95. Composer Jean Sibelius used Kianto's poem 'Lastu lainehilla' (Driftwood) as the lyric for the last of his Seven Songs, Op.17 (1902).

Kianto's books have also been adapted into films, most notably the 1955 film Joseph of Ryysyranta directed by Roland af Hällström and the 1959 film The Red Line directed by Matti Kassila. In the year 1978 composer Aulis Sallinen made a libretto based on Kianto's novel and composed an opera The Red Line.
Maxine Jones
Maxine Jones (born January 16, 1962) is an American singer, songwriter, actress and businesswoman, best known as a founding member of the R&B-pop group En Vogue, one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. She sang lead vocals on the group's signature singles "My Lovin' (You're Never Gonna Get It)" and "Don't Let Go (Love)", both of which garnered international success and sold over a million copies. Throughout her career, Jones has sold over 20 million records with En Vogue. Her work has earned her several awards and nominations, including two American Music Awards, a Billboard Music Award, four MTV Video Music Awards, and four Soul Train Music Awards.

Access Hollywood
Access Hollywood, briefly known as Access from 2017 to 2019, is an American weekday television entertainment news program that premiered on September 9, 1996. It covers events and celebrities in the entertainment industry. It was created by former Entertainment Tonight executive producer Jim Van Messel and is currently executive produced by Maureen FitzPatrick and directed by Richard Plotkin. In previous years, Doug Dougherty, Christopher A. Berry and Kim Anastasia directed the program. Access Hollywood primarily focuses on news in the music, television, and film industries.
Takashi Shirozu
Takashi Shirozu (白水 隆, Shirōzu Takashi; 14 September 1917 in Fukuoka – 2 April 2004) was a Japanese entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera.

He wrote Butterflies of Formosa in Colour Osaka, Hoikusha (1960), Early Stages of Japanese Butterflies in  Colour Hoikusha (with Akira Hara, 1960) and Butterflies of Japan Illustrated in Colour Tokyo, Hokuryu-kan (1964) all of which took advantage of Japanese advanced (optical) and colour printing technologies.
He also published many scientific papers describing new species of butterflies.

Dr. Takashi Shirozu was a professor emeritus of Kyushu University and president emeritus of The Lepidopterological Society of Japan.

Kyushu University
Kyushu University (九州大学, Kyūshū Daigaku), abbreviated to Kyudai (九大, Kyūdai), is a public research university located in Fukuoka, Japan, on the island of Kyushu. Founded in 1911 as the fourth Imperial University in Japan, it has been recognised as a leading institution of higher education and research in Kyushu, Japan, and beyond.

The history of the university began a few decades before its founding when the medical school of the Fukuoka Domain (福岡藩) was established in 1867, the final year of the Edo period. The school was reorganised as the Fukuoka Medical College of Kyoto Imperial University in 1903. It became independent as Kyushu Imperial University in 1911.
La chica de ayer (TV series)
La chica de ayer (English: The girl from yesterday) is a Spanish television series which first aired on the channel Antena 3 between 26 April and 14 June 2009. A detective show, it is based on the British series Life on Mars which features a policeman suddenly transported back to 1973. The Spanish version of the show is set four years later, in 1977, and takes its name from the Spanish song "La Chica de Ayer" by Nacha Pop in a similar manner to the British version which was named after the David Bowie song "Life on Mars?". It features Ernesto Alterio in the role of Samuel Santos, a modern-day police officer who finds himself in 1977 post-Franco Spain under the command of Quin Gallardo (Antonio Garrido), a tough old-school policeman contemptuous of his modern methods.

The show was not renewed for a second season. The producers made two versions of the season finale and aired the one written to wrap up the series if it did not continue.

Antena 3 (Spanish TV channel)
Antena 3 (Antena Tres) is a Spanish terrestrial television channel part of Atresmedia, of which it is the flagship station. Its current headquarters are located in San Sebastián de los Reyes.

Some of the most popular programmes broadcast by Antena 3 include Aquí no hay quien viva, Física o Química, El barco, Los Protegidos, The Simpsons and El Internado. Some of its programmes, such as Física o Química, Money Heist and Your Face Sounds Familiar gained international success and recognition, leading to many duplicate programmes being produced worldwide.

Antena 3 is generally listed as the third channel on television sets throughout Spain, except in certain autonomous communities where the regional station occupies channel number 3.
Grand Theater (Norfolk, Nebraska)
The Grand Theater in Norfolk in Madison County, Nebraska was built in 1920, had a seating capacity of 1,081, and cost about $80,000 to construct.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

It was the city of Norfolk's first purpose-built movie theater when constructed in 1920.

The theater was closed during 1930–34, perhaps as result of the 1927 opening of the opulent Granada Theater, with an auditorium seating 1,100.

The theater was available for sale in February 2017.

Norfolk, Nebraska
Norfolk is a city in Madison County, Nebraska, United States, 113 miles (182 km) northwest of Omaha and 76 miles southwest of Sioux City, Iowa, at the intersection of U.S. Routes 81 and 275. The population was 24,955 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh-most populous city in Nebraska. It is the principal city of the Norfolk Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Biały Bukowiec
Biały Bukowiec [ˈbjawɨ buˈkɔvjɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zblewo, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located in the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.