hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alaskan Independence Party
The Alaskan Independence Party (AIP) was an Alaskan nationalist political party in the United States that advocated for an in-state referendum which would include the option of Alaska becoming an independent country. The party also supported gun rights, direct democracy, privatization, abolishing federal land ownership, and limited government.

Wally Hickel was elected as the Governor of Alaska in 1990 under the Independence Party, making it one of the few third parties to have controlled a governor's seat; however, Hickel transferred to the Republican Party before the 1994 election.

On December 7, 2025, the AIP's board voted to dissolve the party.

Limited government
In political philosophy, limited government is the concept of a government limited in power. It is a key concept in the history of liberalism. Aditionally Limited Government is a core tenet of democracy.
Dean Potter
Dean Spaulding Potter (April 14, 1972 – May 16, 2015) was an American free climber, alpinist, BASE jumper, and highliner. He completed many hard first ascents, free solo ascents, speed ascents, and enchainments in Yosemite National Park and Patagonia. He won the Laureus World Action Sportsperson of the Year award in 2003. In 2015, he died in a wingsuit flying accident in Yosemite National Park.

Enchainment
In mountaineering and climbing, enchainment (an anglicisation of the French word enchaînement, meaning "linking") is climbing two or more mountains or climbing routes on a mountain in one outing (often over the course of a day or a series of days). Rock climbing two or more routes in this manner are also called a "link up" in the United States. Climbers may do an enchainment of easy routes as a way of training for a more difficult objective, but some enchainments of hard routes are a prize in their own right, a notable example being the great north faces of the Alps.
Zálší (Ústí nad Orlicí District)
Zálší (German: Zalesch) is a municipality and village in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Zálší lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Ústí nad Orlicí, 35 km (22 mi) east of Pardubice, and 131 km (81 mi) east of Prague.

Ústí nad Orlicí
Ústí nad Orlicí (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuːsciː ˈnat orlɪtsiː]; German: Wildenschwert) is a town in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 14,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Jonathan Leo
Jonathan T. Leo is a former Professor of Anatomy at Lincoln Memorial University in Harrogate, Tennessee and former Associate Professor of Anatomy at the Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine. He is currently the Chair of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences and a Professor of Anatomy at the Kansas City University College of Osteopathic Medicine. He has published articles critical of chemical and biological theories of mental illness. He is the former editor-in-chief of Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry. With Sami Timimi, he is also the co-editor of the book Rethinking ADHD.

Harrogate, Tennessee
Harrogate is the largest city in Claiborne County, Tennessee, United States.  It is adjacent to Cumberland Gap National Historical Park.

The community has been known as "Harrogate" since the 19th century, but did not incorporate by that name until 1993. As of the 2020 census, Harrogate had a population of 4,400. It is considered a college town with Lincoln Memorial University's main campus located entirely within Harrogate.

Before incorporation, the United States Census Bureau treated Harrogate as a census-designated place (CDP) called Harrogate-Shawanee. At the time of the 2000 census the CDP had a population of 2,865.
Segmental ganglia
The segmental ganglia (singular: s. ganglion) are ganglia of the annelid and arthropod central nervous system that lie in the segmented ventral nerve cord. The ventral nerve cord itself is a chain of metamerism ganglia, some compressed.

Ganglion
A ganglion (pl.: ganglia) is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. In the somatic nervous system, this includes dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia among a few others. In the autonomic nervous system, there are both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia which contain the cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons respectively.

A pseudoganglion looks like a ganglion, but only has nerve fibers and has few nerve cell bodies.
Family (Think About Life album)
Family is the second album by Think About Life, released on May 26, 2009.

In a favourable review, critic Ben Rayner singled out the songs "Johanna" ("think digital-age Sly & The Family Stone") and "Sofa-bed", "which sounds like TV on the Radio with a clearer sense of melody."

Ben Rayner
Ben Rayner is a music critic and writer for the Toronto Star since 1998.  His commentary on artists is extensively cited across the industry.  Indie88 considers him "of the most respected industry professionals around."

In 2012, he served on the jury for the Polaris Music Prize.
Steam generator (boiler)
A steam generator is a form of low water-content boiler, similar to a flash steam boiler. The usual construction is as a spiral coil of water-tube, arranged as a single, or monotube, coil. Circulation is once-through and pumped under pressure, as a forced-circulation boiler. The narrow-tube construction, without any large-diameter drums or tanks, means that they are safe from the effects of explosion, even if worked at high pressures. The pump flowrate is adjustable, according to the quantity of steam required at that time. The burner output is throttled to maintain a constant working temperature. The burner output required varies according to the quantity of water being evaporated: this can be either adjusted by open-loop control according to the pump throughput, or by a closed-loop control to maintain the measured temperature.

They are used as auxiliary boilers on ships.

Open-loop controller
In control theory, an open-loop controller, also called a non-feedback controller, is a control loop part of a control system in which the control action ("input" to the system) is independent of the "process output", which is the process variable that is being controlled. It does not use feedback to determine if its output has achieved the desired goal of the input command or process setpoint.

There are many open-loop controls, such as on/off switching of valves, machinery, lights, motors or heaters, where the control result is known to be approximately sufficient under normal conditions without the need for feedback. The advantage of using open-loop control in these cases is the reduction in component count and complexity. However, an open-loop system cannot correct any errors that it makes or correct for outside disturbances unlike a closed-loop control system.
Hong Kong national under-19 cricket team
The Hong Kong national under-19 cricket team represents the Special Administrative Region of China in international under-19 cricket. It has qualified for the Under-19 Cricket World Cup on one occasion, in 2010.

Special administrative region
A special administrative region, special region, or special administrative area is a designation for types of administrative division in China, North Korea, Indonesia, South Sudan, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam.
Subodh Karnik
In January 2019, Subodh Karnik became the president and chief executive officer (CEO) of the now-defunct ExpressJet, an American regional airline. He is also the co-owner of KAir Enterprises, which owned 50.1% of ExpressJet. Karnik was named as the head of ExpressJet on December 21, 2018.

Prior to ExpressJet, Karnik served as President and CEO of CommutAir from January 2015 to January 2019 and the President and CEO of Global Aero Logistics, the parent company of World Airways, North American Airlines and ATA Airlines, between 2005 and 2009. Earlier in his career Karnik also held senior corporate officer positions at Delta, Continental and Northwest.

A native of Mumbai, India, Karnik graduated from the Birla Institute of Technology and Science and the University of Michigan Ross School of Business.

CommuteAir
CommuteAir is a regional airline of the United States founded in 1989. Today, CommuteAir operates more than 1,600 weekly flights, exclusively on behalf of United Express, serving over 75 U.S. destinations and 3 in Mexico. CommuteAir's fleet of Embraer ERJ 145 aircraft fly from its bases at Washington–Dulles and Houston–Intercontinental. The company was previously called CommutAir until July 26, 2022, when it legally changed its name to the present-day CommuteAir.
Rip (Rest in Peace)
"Rip (Rest in Peace)" (stylised in all uppercase) is a song by Maltese singers Aidan and Ira Losco released on 1 January 2023. The song was produced by Boban Apostolov and peaked at number one on Malta's singles charts.

Ira Losco
Ira Losco M.Q.R. (born 31 July 1981) is a Maltese singer and songwriter. Her career breakthrough came in 2002, when she represented Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 with the song "7th Wonder". She placed second in the competition, Malta's best ever result. Fourteen years later, she returned and represented Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 with the song "Walk on Water", placing twelfth. Losco has released six studio albums so far in her career and is one of the most successful Maltese musicians of all time. In 2018, she served as a judge on the inaugural season of X Factor Malta.  She returned to serve as a judge in 2019.
Mutisia ilicifolia
Mutisia ilicifolia is a climbing vine in the daisy family (Compositae or Asteraceae) and native to Chile. Its leaves are unique in being holly-like but almost square, with a lengthy tendril at the end of each leaf. Each daisy head has eight pink ray florets.

Tendril
In botany, a tendril is a specialized stem, leaf or petiole with a thread-like shape used by climbing plants for support and attachment, as well as cellular invasion by parasitic plants such as Cuscuta. There are many plants that have tendrils; including sweet peas, passionflower, grapes and the Chilean glory-flower. Tendrils respond to touch and to chemical factors by curling, twining, or adhering to suitable structures or hosts. Tendrils vary greatly in size from a few centimeters up to 27 inches (69 centimeters) for Nepenthes harryana. The chestnut vine (Tetrastigma voinierianum) can have tendrils up to 20.5 inches (52 centimeters) in length.  Normally there is only one simple or branched tendril at each node (see plant stem), but the aardvark cucumber (Cucumis humifructus) can have as many as eight.
Primary Education Completion (Bangladesh)
The Primary Education Completion (PEC) Examination was a national examination in Bangladesh administered by the Ministry of Primary and Mass Education, and taken by all students near the end of their fifth year in primary school. The exams were introduced in 2009 by the Ministry of Education of Bangladesh.

The PEC exam did not held for two years (2020 & 2022) due to the coronavirus pandemic. Later, the government announced that the test would be scrapped as a new curriculum was on the way. After 13 years, Government reintroduced scholarship exams for Class 5 students from 2022. At least 10 percent of fifth graders in every school across the country will be able to take part in the scholarship exams. Students who qualify for the talent-pool stipend receive Tk 300 per month, while general stipend recipients receive Tk 225 per month until they complete Grade 8.

Ministry of Education (Bangladesh)
The Ministry of Education (Bengali: শিক্ষা মন্ত্রণালয়, romanized: Śikkhā Montronaloy; abbreviated as MoE) is a ministry of the Government of Bangladesh responsible for secondary, higher, and tertiary education. Primary education and mass literacy fall under the separate Ministry of Primary and Mass Education, which oversees primary schools, literacy programs, and nationwide basic education initiatives.
Coppa Città di San Daniele
Coppa Città di San Daniele is a single-day road bicycle race held annually in San Daniele del Friuli, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. The event is reserved for the Elite/Under-23 Amateur category and normally marks the end of the amateur season in Italy.
Since 2023, the race has been organised as a 1.2 event on the UCI Europe Tour.

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
Halqeh Sang
Halqeh Sang (Persian: حلقه سنگ, also Romanized as Ḩalqeh Sang) is a village in Aladagh Rural District, in the Central District of Bojnord County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 748, in 169 families.

North Khorasan province
North Khorasan province (Persian: استان خراسان شمالی) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country. Its capital is the city of Bojnord.

North Khorasan is one of the three provinces created after the division of Khorasan in 2004. Khorasan was the largest province of Iran until it was divided into three provinces on 29 September 2004. The provinces approved by the parliament of Iran (on 18 May 2004) and the Council of Guardians (on 29 May 2004) were Razavi Khorasan, North Khorasan, and South Khorasan. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5.
Hypostomus arecuta
Hypostomus arecuta is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater fish native to South America, where it occurs in the Paraná River in Argentina.

H. arecuta is typically found in coastal areas of the main river channel, in areas with a high oxygen concentration, moderate currents (around 0.6 m/s) and substrates composed of sand, pebbles, and large sandstone boulders. The water in which H. arecuta occurs is reported to usually have a transparency of 1.5 to 2.4 m (possibly referring to visibility) and a conductivity of 50.9 to 59.6 μS/cm.

H. arecuta reaches 24.3 cm (9.6 inches) SL and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. It is known to be sympatric with multiple other Hypostomus species, including H. commersoni, H. cochliodon, H. uruguayensis, H. latifrons, H. ternetzi, H. luteomaculatus, H. microstomus, and H. boulengeri. Its specific epithet, arecuta, derives from the Guarani word arecutá, which means "loricariid fish".

Hypostomus boulengeri
Hypostomus boulengeri is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America. The species reaches 24.5 cm (9.6 inches) SL and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

H. boulengeri was originally described in 1903 from the Paraguay River basin in Paraguay and Brazil. In 2005, its presence in the Paraná River basin in Argentina was confirmed. In 2016, it was found to occur in the Bermejo River basin as well.
2011 Croatian Football Cup final
The 2011 Croatian Cup final was a two-legged affair played between Dinamo Zagreb and Varaždin. 
The first leg was played in Zagreb on 11 May 2011, while the second leg was played on 25 May 2011 in Varaždin.

Dinamo Zagreb won the trophy with an aggregate result of 8–2.

Varaždin
Varaždin (pronounced [ˈʋâraʒdiːn] or [ʋaˈrǎʒdin]; Hungarian: Varasd, also known by alternative names) is a city in Northern Croatia, 81 km (50 mi) north-east of Zagreb. The total population is 46,946, with 38,839 in the city settlement itself (2011).

The city is best known for its baroque buildings, music, textile, food and IT industry.
Battle of Dioubouldou
The Battle of Dioubouldou (sometimes spelled Jubuldu, Dioubouldy or Dybuldu) was fought on 25 February 1855 between French forces of Colonel Louis Faidherbe and the combined Waalo and Trarza forces under Queen Ndaté Yalla Mbodj.

Louis Faidherbe
Louis Léon César Faidherbe (French pronunciation: [lwi leɔ̃ sezaʁ fedɛʁb]; 3 June 1818 – 29 September 1889) was a French general and colonial administrator.  He created the Senegalese Tirailleurs when he was governor of Senegal.
Harbor Towers
The Harbor Towers are two 40-story residential towers located on the waterfront of Boston, Massachusetts, in between the New England Aquarium and the Rowes Wharf mixed-use development. Harbor Towers I, the taller of the two towers, stands at 400 ft (121.9 m), while Harbor Towers II rises 396 ft (120.7 m). Harbor Towers I is tied for the 37th-tallest building in Boston. They were designed by Henry N. Cobb of I. M. Pei & Partners.

The towers were built in 1971 as part of a major revitalisation project of Boston's dilapidated waterfront area. The apartments, initially designed as affordable rental housing, were converted into condominiums in the 1980's.

Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
Pei Cobb Freed & Partners is an American architectural firm based in New York City, founded in 1955 by I. M. Pei and other associates. The firm has received numerous awards for its work.

The firm provides architectural services, as well as planning and urban design.

The firm has changed names twice:

1955 – Originally I. M. Pei & Associates, founded by I. M. Pei, Eason H. Leonard, and Henry N. Cobb

1966 – Renamed I. M. Pei & Partners

1989 – Renamed Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
1983 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1983 were appointments by most of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries, and honorary ones to citizens of other countries. They were announced on 31 December 1982 to celebrate the year passed and mark the beginning of 1983 in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and Cook Islands, the Bahamas, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, St. Lucia, St. Vincent & Grenadines, and Antigua & Barbuda.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) is a ministerial department of the government of the United Kingdom. The department is responsible for environmental protection, food production and standards, agriculture, fisheries and rural communities in England. Concordats set out agreed frameworks for cooperation, between it and the Scottish Government, Welsh Government and Northern Ireland Executive, which have devolved responsibilities for these matters in their respective nations.

Defra also leads for the United Kingdom on agricultural, fisheries and environmental matters in international negotiations on sustainable development and climate change, although a new Department of Energy and Climate Change was created on 3 October 2008 to take over the last responsibility; later transferred to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy following Theresa May's appointment as Prime Minister in July 2016.
Marzabotto
Marzabotto (Medial Mountain Bolognese: Marzabòt) is a small town and comune in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna, part of the Metropolitan City of Bologna. It is located 27 kilometres (17 mi) south-southwest of Bologna by rail, and lies in the valley of the Reno. The area includes the site of an ancient Etruscan city and also the place  of a modern massacre that took place there during World War II.

Bolognese dialect
Bolognese (native name: bulgnaiṡ [buʎˈɲai̯z]) is a dialect of Emilian spoken for the most part in the city of Bologna and its hinterland (except east of the Sillaro stream), but also in the district of Castelfranco Emilia in the province of Modena, and in the towns of Sambuca Pistoiese (Tuscany), Cento, Sant'Agostino, and Poggio Renatico (province of Ferrara).
Henry Friedlander
Henry Egon Friedlander (24 September 1930 – 17 October 2012) was a German-American Jewish historian of the Holocaust who was noted for his arguments in favor of broadening the scope of casualties of the Holocaust.

Born in Berlin, Germany, to a Jewish family, Friedlander moved to the United States in 1947 as a survivor of Auschwitz, obtaining his BA in history at Temple University in 1953 and his MA and PhD at the University of Pennsylvania in 1954 and 1968.

From 1975 until his retirement in 2001, Friedlander served as a professor in the department of Judaic studies at Brooklyn College of the City University of New York.

Jewish studies
Jewish studies (Hebrew: מדעי היהדות, romanized: madʿê ha-yahadut, lit. 'sciences of Judaism'), or Judaic studies, is an academic discipline centered on the study of Jews and Judaism. Jewish studies is interdisciplinary and combines aspects of history (especially Jewish history), Middle Eastern studies, Asian studies, Oriental studies, religious studies, archeology, sociology, languages (Jewish languages), political science, area studies, women's studies, and ethnic studies. Jewish studies as a distinct field is mainly present at colleges and universities in North America.

Related fields include Holocaust research and Israel studies, and in Israel, Jewish thought. Bar-Ilan University has the world's largest school of Jewish studies, while Harvard University was the first American university, and perhaps the first in the world, to appoint a full-time scholar of Judaica to its faculty.
Krishnadev
Krishnadev is an Indian masculine given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Krishnadev Prasad Gaud (1895–?), Indian Bhojpuri poet

Krishnadev Yagnik (born 1984), Indian film director and screenwriter

Krishnadev Yagnik
Krishnadev Yagnik (born 17 October 1984) is an Indian film director and screenwriter, known for his works primarily in Gujarati cinema. He is known for directing films such as Chhello Divas (2015), Karsandas Pay & Use (2017), and Shu Thayu? (2018). Shu Thayu? and Chhello Divas are among highest-grossing Gujarati films. In 2016 he has also directed the Hindi remake of his film Chhello Divas, titled Days of Tafree.

He co-founded the film production house called Belvedere Films, under which the films Shu Thayu?, Chhello Divas and Karsandas Pay & Use were produced. He wrote and directed Raado (2022), Naadi Dosh (2022), and Vash (2023), which are all Gujarati films.
Achacollo (Peru)
Achacollo (possibly from Aymara Jach'a Qullu, jach'a big, great, qullu mountain, "big mountain") is a mountain in the Barroso mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,690 metres (18,668 ft) high. It is situated in the Tacna Region, Tacna Province, Palca District, and in the Tarata Province, Estique District, northwest of the Chupiquiña volcano and Huancune.

Tarata province
Tarata is a province of the department of Tacna, Peru. It is located in the country's south, on the border with Bolivia. From 1880 to 1925, the province was administered by Chile following the War of the Pacific.