hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Devon and East Plymouth (European Parliament constituency)
Devon and East Plymouth was a European Parliament constituency covering all of Devon in England, with the exception of the city of Plymouth. It was created in 1994 to replace the majority of Devon and a small part of Cornwall and Plymouth.

Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies (on their 1983 boundaries) of Exeter, Plymouth Sutton, South Hams, Teignbridge, Tiverton, Torbay and Torridge and West Devon.

The seat became part of the much larger South West England constituency in 1999.

Torbay (UK Parliament constituency)
Torbay is a constituency in Devon represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Steve Darling, a Liberal Democrat. He defeated Kevin Foster of the Conservative Party, who had held the seat since 2015.
Green urbanism
Green urbanism has been defined as the practice of creating communities beneficial to humans and the environment. According to Timothy Beatley, it is an attempt to shape more sustainable places, communities and lifestyles, and consume less of the world's resources. Urban areas are able to lay the groundwork of how environmentally integrated and sustainable city planning can both provide and improve environmental benefits on the local, national, and international levels. Green urbanism is interdisciplinary, combining the collaboration of landscape architects, engineers, urban planners, ecologists, transport planners, physicists, psychologists, sociologists, economists and other specialists in addition to architects and urban designers.

Urban design
Urban design is an approach to the design of buildings and the spaces between them that focuses on specific design processes and outcomes based on geographical location. In addition to designing and shaping the physical features of towns, cities, and regional spaces, urban design considers 'bigger picture' issues of economic, social and environmental value and social design. The scope of a project can range from a local street or public space to an entire city and surrounding areas. Urban designers connect the fields of architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning to better organize local and community environments' dependent upon geographical location.

Some important focuses of urban design on this page include its historical impact, paradigm shifts, its interdisciplinary nature, and issues related to urban design.
Serge Beynaud
Serge Beynaud (real name Guy Serge Beynaud Gnolou but sometimes also called Beynaud; born 19 September 1987 in Yopougon, Abidjan) is an Ivorian singer, songwriter and music producer, associated with styles such as Coupé-Décalé and Loko loko.
AllAfrica.com has described Beynaud as an "Ivorian sensation" and a "heavyweight act". In February 2015, he was #1 in the StarAfrica Top 10, with his song Fouinta Fouinte.

AllAfrica
allAfrica is a website that aggregates and produces news primarily on the African continent about all areas of African life, politics, issues and culture. It is owned by AllAfrica Global Media, a multi-media content service provider and the largest distributor of African news worldwide. The website operates from offices in Cape Town, Dakar, Abuja, Monrovia, Nairobi and Washington, D.C. AllAfrica is the successor to Africa News Service.

Its stories can be displayed by categories and subcategories such as country, region, and by news topic. In 2008, AllAfrica rolled out a comment board system. The website is available in both English and French. It has the contents of 127 contemporary African newspapers, and news feeds from several hundred organizations internationally. It maintains a searchable 400,000-item archive dating back to 1997. The Executive Chair of AllAfrica Global Media is Amadou Mahtar Ba.
Steve Mafi
Sitiveni Mafi (born 9 December 1989) is a professional rugby union player who plays as a lock for Top 14 club Oyonnax. Born in Australia, he represents Tonga at international level after qualifying on ancestry grounds.

Tonga national rugby union team
The Tonga national rugby union team (Tongan: timi feohi ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in men's international rugby union. The team is nicknamed ʻIkale Tahi (Sea Eagles) and is governed by the Tonga Rugby Union. Like their Polynesian neighbours, the Tongans precede their matches with a traditional challenge – the Sipi Tau. They are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance (PIRA) along with Fiji and Samoa. The Ikale Tahi achieved a historic 19–14 victory over France in the 2011 Rugby World Cup, but having lost to New Zealand and Canada, were unable to achieve what would have been their first-ever presence at the quarter-finals.
The Stonemason ostracon
The Stonemason Ostracon is a figured-limestone ostracon from the Ramesside period of Ancient Egypt, 19–20th Dynasties.

The figured-ostracon is made in outline form with black and (faint)-red paint-(ink). It is a sketchpad ostracon, as sections of red lines remain unfilled, as well as finalized black lines show adjacent to the faint reds. Minor sections of a red frame line remain.

The unflattering figured-character of the stonemason is bald, paunched, with facial stubble, in a leaning-over, and awkward pose. It is a caricature scene, as in a cartoon. The Stonemason is holding his chisel in his left hand and his wooden Egyptian mallet in his right hand.

Cartoon
A cartoon is a type of visual art that is typically drawn, frequently animated, in an unrealistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved, but the modern usage usually refers to either: an image or series of images intended for satire, caricature, or humor; or a motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. Someone who creates cartoons in the first sense is called a cartoonist, and in the second sense they are usually called an animator.

The concept originated in the Middle Ages, and first described a preparatory drawing for a piece of art, such as a painting, fresco, tapestry, or stained glass window. In the 19th century, beginning in Punch magazine in 1843, cartoon came to refer – ironically at first – to humorous artworks in magazines and newspapers. Then it also was used for political cartoons and comic strips. When the medium developed, in the early 20th century, it began to refer to animated films that resembled print cartoons.
Gotti (1996 film)
Gotti is a 1996 American crime drama television film directed by Robert Harmon and written by Steve Shagan. Based primarily on the columns of reporter Jerry Capeci, who also co-wrote the 1996 non-fiction book Gotti: Rise and Fall with Gene Mustain and served as the film's executive producer, the film stars Armand Assante in the title role as infamous Gambino crime family boss John Gotti, along with William Forsythe, and Anthony Quinn. It premiered on HBO on August 17, 1996.

Assante won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Special for his performance. Assante received nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Miniseries or Motion Picture Made for Television and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie the same year.

Jerry Capeci
Gerald Capeci (pronounced [kaˈpetʃi]) is an American journalist and author who specializes in coverage of the Five Mafia crime families of New York City. Capeci has been described by news organizations, such as CNN and BBC, as an expert on the American Mafia.
Margaret Blake-Alverson
Rosana Margaret Kroh Blake (1836-1923) was a singer, singing coach, and author in San Francisco, California. She wrote Sixty Years of California Song, an autobiography published in 1913. Her students included Lee Tung Foo and Pauline Joran.

She performed on piano for miner guests at her parents home in Stockton. She lived in Boston during the Civil War.

She donated music to the Oakland Free Library. He collection included diaries, musical programs, letters and pictures.

She was born in Mt. Carmel, Illinois. Parents: Rev. Henry Kroh and Mary Ann Stouch were her parents. She married married George Henry Blake September 17, 1857 in Stockton, California. George Lincoln Blake and William Ellery Blake were their sons. She married David William Alverson on November 24, 1875 in San Francisco.

Lee Tung Foo
Lee Tung Foo (also known as Frank Lee) was a Chinese American Vaudeville performer born in California who performed in English, German, and Latin.  He became a film actor later in his life.

At the age of 45, he ran a Chinese restaurant he bought in New York City called Jung Sy Mandarin Restaurant. He opened a second restaurant, Imig Sy, and both were strategically placed near Broadway. By the 1930s he returned to theater work, playing some minor roles until 1932, when he was cast as Wang Yun in the film, The Skull Murder Mystery.

He continued with minor roles, being cast as the servant of the detective, Mr. Wong, in the 1939 film The Mystery of Mr. Wong. His last work was in The Manchurian Candidate, an uncredited role at the age of 87.
2002 Florida Citrus Bowl
The 2002 Florida Citrus Bowl was a college football bowl game held on January 1, 2002 at the Florida Citrus Bowl in Orlando, Florida. The Tennessee Volunteers, champions of the Southeastern Conference's Eastern Division, defeated the Michigan Wolverines, second-place finishers in the Big Ten Conference, 45–17. Tennessee quarterback Casey Clausen was named the game's MVP. This was the last Citrus Bowl before the game was renamed the Capital One Bowl.

Casey Clausen
Casey James Clausen (born January 9, 1981) is an American football coach and former player. He was previously the head football coach of Bishop Alemany High School and Calabasas High School.  Clausen played college football at the University of Tennessee and professionally in NFL Europe (NFLE). He attended Bishop Alemany.

Clausen is the older brother of former quarterbacks Jimmy Clausen and Rick Clausen.
Dominic Jacobetti
Dominic J. Jacobetti (July 20, 1920 – November 28, 1994) was a Democratic politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. He holds the record as the longest-serving member of the Michigan House of Representatives, serving from 1955 until his death in 1994, representing Michigan's 108th and 109th districts.

Michigan's 109th House of Representatives district
Michigan's 109th House of Representatives district (also referred to as Michigan's 109th House district) is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives located in part of Dickinson County, as well as all of Alger, Baraga, and Marquette counties. The district was created in 1965, when the Michigan House of Representatives district naming scheme changed from a county-based system to a numerical one.
2023 V-League Collegiate Challenge
The 2023 V-League Collegiate Challenge was the second season of the revival of the V-League. The tournament started on August 16, 2023, at the Paco Arena in Manila, with both divisions having 8 competing teams.

V-League (Philippines)
The V-League is a collegiate volleyball league for both men and women in the Philippines organized by Sports Vision. The league is a revival of the former Shakey's V-League. The Metro Manila tournament is also known as the V-League Collegiate Challenge.

The league was established in 2022 as a result of the Premier Volleyball League turning into a professional league, which meant that collegiate women's teams can no longer take part. Thus, the V-League was relaunched to accommodate those teams. Collegiate men's teams from Spikers' Turf also moved to the revived league.

In 2025, Sports Vision established V-League Visayas, a regional counterpart for Visayas-based teams.
Sant'Agata Feltria
Sant'Agata Feltria (Romagnol: Sant'Êgta) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rimini in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 125 kilometres (78 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of Rimini.

Romagnol
Romagnol (rumagnôl or rumagnùl; Italian: romagnolo) is a Romance language spoken in the historical region of Romagna, consisting mainly of the southeastern part of Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The name is derived from the Lombard name for the region, Romagna. Romagnol is classified as endangered because older generations have "neglected to pass on the dialect as a native tongue to the next generation".
Streptomyces chartreusis
Streptomyces chartreusis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Africa. Streptomyces chartreusis produces N-deacyltunicamycin, elsamicin A, aminoacylase and chartreusin.

Aminoacylase
In enzymology, an aminoacylase (EC 3.5.1.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

N-acyl-L-amino acid  +   H2O   ⇌  carboxylate   +   L-amino acid

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are N-acyl-L-amino acid and H2O, whereas its two products are carboxylate and L-amino acid.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is N-acyl-L-amino acid amidohydrolase. Other names in common use include dehydropeptidase II, histozyme, hippuricase, benzamidase, acylase I, hippurase, amido acid deacylase, L-aminoacylase, acylase, aminoacylase I, L-amino-acid acylase, alpha-N-acylaminoacid hydrolase, long acyl amidoacylase, and short acyl amidoacylase.  This enzyme participates in urea cycle and metabolism of amino groups.
M. G. Sasi
M. G. Sasi (born 17 January 1964) is a film and drama director from Kerala. His short film Kanavumalayilekku received National Film Award for Best Educational Film in 2002. His first feature film Atayalangal (2008) received the Kerala State Film Awards for Best Film and Best Direction in 2007.

National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.
Portelet Tower
Portelet Tower, Jersey, is a round tower that the British built in 1808 on the tidal island L'Île au Guerdain in Portelet Bay in the parish of Saint Brélade, Jersey. The site is often referred to as Janvrin's tower or Janvrin's Tomb. The site is accessible at low tide.

St Brelade
St Brelade (Jèrriais and French: Saint Brélade) is one of the twelve parishes of Jersey in the Channel Islands. It is around 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of St Helier. Its population was 11,012 as of 2021. The parish's main settlement is St. Aubin.

The parish is the second-largest parish by surface area, covering 7,103 vergées (12.78 km2), which is 11% of the total land surface of the island and it occupies the southwestern part of the island. It is the only parish to border only one other parish, St. Peter.

The parish is largely a suburban commuter area for St Helier, with expansive low rise residential development, especially in the urban area of Les Quennevais. However, the parish also has a number of notable natural sites, such as the sand dunes of St Ouen's Bay.
1946 Kansas City Monarchs season
The 1946 Kansas City Monarchs baseball team represented the Kansas City Monarchs in the Negro American League (NAL) during the 1946 baseball season. The team compiled a 66–29–2 record (56–19–2 in NAL games) and won the NAL championship.

Frank Duncan was the team's manager. Key players included:

First baseman Lee Moody led the team with a .455 batting average, a .591 slugging percentage, and a .478 on-base percentage.

Center fielder Willard Brown compiled a .331 batting average, a .552 slugging percentage, and a .362 on-base percentage.

Right fielder Ted Strong compiled a .364 batting average, a .500 slugging percentage, and a .466 on-base percentage.

Pitcher Satchel Paige compiled a 4-0 record and a 1.29 earned run average (ERA).

Pitcher Jim LaMarque compiled a 4-5 record with 37 strikeouts and a 3.67 ERA.

Pitcher Connie Johnson compiled a 5-4 record with 63 strikeouts and a 3.59 ERA.

Pitcher Steve Wylie compiled a 5-2 record with 26 strikeouts and a 5.11 ERA.

Kansas City Monarchs
The Kansas City Monarchs were the longest-running franchise in the history of baseball's Negro leagues. Operating in Kansas City, Missouri, and owned by J. L. Wilkinson, they were charter members of the Negro National League from 1920 to 1930. Wilkinson was the first white owner at the time of the establishment of the team. In 1930, the Monarchs became the first professional baseball team to use a portable lighting system which was transported from game to game in trucks to play games at night, five years before any Major League Baseball team did. The Monarchs won ten league championships before integration, and triumphed in the first Negro World Series in 1924. The Monarchs had only one season in which they did not have a winning record and produced more major league players than any other Negro league franchise. After relocating to Grand Rapids, Michigan, the team was disbanded in 1965.
The Bicycle Hotel & Casino
Parkwest Bicycle Casino (formerly The Bicycle Hotel & Casino) (commonly, "The Bike") is a poker cardroom in California.

Founded by George Hardie Sr. in 1984, located in Bell Gardens, California, The Bicycle Casino offers a selection of poker games and Asian games, with a wide range of limits. The casino features games including blackjack, Texas hold 'em, seven-card stud, Omaha hold 'em, Mexican poker, pai gow poker, Three Card Poker and baccarat.

Financing to build the original Bicycle Club casino was provided by Sam Gilbert, who allegedly used money partially obtained from laundering drug money. 
The casino is home to the Legends of Poker, a tournament series established in 1995 that now includes a stop on the World Poker Tour.  Prior to the Legends, the casino's main tournament series was called the Diamond Jim Brady.

Parkwest Casinos acquired the Bicycle in 2022.

Baccarat
Baccarat or baccara (/ˈbækəræt, bɑːkəˈrɑː/; French: [bakaʁa]) is a card game. It is now played mainly at casinos, but in the past it was also popular at house parties and private gaming rooms. The game's origins are a mixture of precursors from China, Japan, and Korea. It then gained popularity in Europe, and a faster French variant emerged. Today the most common version derives from Cuba.

Baccarat is a comparing card game played between two hands, the "player" and the "banker." Each baccarat coup (round of play) has three possible outcomes: "player" (player has the higher score), "banker," and "tie."

There are three popular variants of the game: punto banco, baccarat chemin de fer, and baccarat banque (or à deux tableaux). In punto banco, each player's moves are forced by the cards the player is dealt. In baccarat chemin de fer and baccarat banque, by contrast, both players can make choices. The winning odds are in favour of the bank, with a house edge of at least 1 percent.
Java (dance)
Java (French: [ʒa.va]) is a dance which was developed in France in the early part of the 20th century. The origin of its name is uncertain, but it probably evolved from the valse.

Mainly performed in French bal-musette between 1910 and 1960, the dance was largely conceived due to popular demand for a new type of waltz, in particular, one which was easier, faster, more sensual, and would not require a dance hall as large as those typically used for waltzes.

Java takes the form of a fast waltz, with the dancers dancing very close to one another, taking small steps to advance. Men will often place both their hands on their partner's buttocks while dancing. Naturally, this led some of the more respectable bal-musette dance halls banning java.

Waltz
The waltz (from German  Walzer [ˈvaltsɐ] ⓘ, meaning "to roll or revolve") is a ballroom and folk dance, in triple ( 34 ) time, performed primarily in closed position. Along with the ländler and allemande, the waltz was sometimes referred to by the generic term German Dance in publications during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
New Method College
New Method College (abbreviated to NMC) was a secondary school located in Black Rock Hill, Kowloon City District, Hong Kong.  Its stated mission was "to recognise each student as an individual". It was the fourth school of the same name, with the first one built in 1951 on Hong Kong Island. It was also the first school to participate in the Direct Subsidy Scheme. It was announced that the school would close in 2012 due to a chronic decrease in enrollments. The former campus at 25 Man Fuk Road now houses Stamford American School Hong Kong.

The college had a small pool of notable alumni who have made their names in politics and the entertainment industry.

Direct Subsidy Scheme
The Direct Subsidy Scheme (DSS) is instituted by the Education Bureau of Hong Kong to enhance the quality of private schools at the primary and secondary levels. The Hong Kong government has been encouraging non-government secondary schools which have attained a sufficiently high educational standard to join the DSS by providing subsidies to enhance the quality of private school education since the 1991–92 school year. In the 2000–01 school year, the DSS was extended to primary schools. In the 2001–02 school year, the terms of the DSS were significantly improved to attract more schools to join the scheme. Under the scheme, schools are free to decide on their curriculum, fees, and entrance requirements.
Lameck Mokoena
Mathupa Lameck Mokoena (born 23 March 1957) is a South African politician and traditional leader who is currently the chairperson of the Mpumalanga House of Traditional Leaders and the national president of the Congress of Traditional Leaders of South Africa (Contralesa). The leader of Mpumalanga's Mathibela Tribal Authority, he represented the African National Congress (ANC) in Parliament from 1994 to 2009.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.