hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bulgar Mosque (Cheboksary)
The Bulgar Mosque (Russian: Мечеть Булгар, Tatar: Болгар мәчет, Chuvash: Пӑлхар мечетӗ) is a mosque in the city of Cheboksary, Chuvashia, Russia. It is located on the outskirts of the city. Russian Grand Mufti Talgat Tadzhuddin opened it on September 14, 2005.

The mosque is named after the medieval Volga-Bulgarian capital of Bolghar, and is a revered center of Islam in the Volga region.

Talgat Tadzhuddin
Talgat Safich Tadzetdinov, better known as Tadzhuddin (Russian: Талгат Сафич Тадзетдинов / Талгат Таджуддин, Tatar: Тәлгать Сафа улы Таҗетдинев, Tälğät Safa ulı Tacetdinev; born 12 October 1948, in Kazan) is a Russian Shaykh al-Islām. He is Grand Mufti of Russia and Chairman of the Central Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of Russia, from 1980 to the present. Tadzhuddin is a polarizing figure in Russia due to his public statements, which include for example suggesting that participants of a pride parade should be attacked physically, and more recently, that Russian invasion of Ukraine is a "necessary measure". Tadzhuddin supports Eurasianism.
FSO Syrena in Kutno
Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych "Syrena" w Kutnie (transl. Passenger Car Factory "Syrena" in Kutno) is a Polish car manufacturer that described itself as a successor of FSO and FSM. Plans included the development and manufacture of limited production, retro-style vehicles, referencing well known Polish cars such as the FSO Syrena, FSO Polonez, ZSD Nysa, Mikrus MR-300 and FSO Warszawa.

In 2017, the company received over PLN 4.6 million from the National Center for Research and Development under their INNOMOTO program. The company developed the Vosco S106 petrol-powered hatchback, obtaining approval for it in 2018 (the previous Polish car that received approval was the FSO Polonez). The next step for the company is to be the development of an electric vehicle based purely on research and development from within the company.

Retro-style automobile
A retro-style automobile is a vehicle that is styled to appear like cars from previous decades. Often these cars use modern technology and production techniques. This design trend has existed since at least the 1960s with the rise of neoclassic cars, but gained popularity in the early 1990s with major manufacturers, leading to many automakers introducing models that referenced previous cars of the 1950s and 1960s.
Berchtesgaden
Berchtesgaden (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁçtəsˌɡaːdn̩] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district Berchtesgadener Land, Bavaria, in southeastern Germany, near the border with Austria, 30 km (19 mi) south of Salzburg and 180 km (110 mi) southeast of Munich. It lies in the Berchtesgaden Alps. South of the town, the Berchtesgaden National Park stretches along three parallel valleys.

The Kehlstein mountain (1,835 m or 6,020 ft), with its Kehlsteinhaus (Eagle's Nest), is located in the area.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Jacqueline Tasioulas
Jacqueline A. Tasioulas (born April 1968) is a Scottish scholar of literature, specialising in medieval literature and early Tudor literature, including Chaucer and The Makars.

She is Professor of Medieval English and Scots at the Faculty of English, University of Cambridge, and fellow and senior tutor of Clare College, Cambridge. In December 2025, it was announced that she had been elected the next principal of Newnham College, Cambridge.

Makar
A makar ( /ˈmækər/ ⓘ) is a term from Scottish literature for a poet or bard, often thought of as a royal court poet.

Since the 19th century, the term The Makars has been specifically used to refer to a number of poets of fifteenth and sixteenth century Scotland, in particular Robert Henryson, William Dunbar and Gavin Douglas, who wrote a diverse genre of works in Middle Scots in the period of the Northern Renaissance.

The Makars have often been referred to by literary critics as Scots Chaucerians. In modern usage, poets of the Scots revival in the 18th century, such as Allan Ramsay and Robert Fergusson are also makars.

Since 2002, the term "makar" has been revived as the name for a publicly funded poet, first in Edinburgh, followed by the cities of Glasgow, Stirling and Dundee. In 2004 the position of Makar, was authorized by the Scottish Parliament.
Hargovinddas Kantawala
Rao Bahadur Hargovinddas Dwarkadas Kantawala (16 July 1844 – 31 March 1930) was an Indian Gujarati language writer, editor and researcher from British India. He is known for his research and editing works on medieval Gujarati literature. He was the president of the sixth session of the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad.

Gujarati literature
The history of Gujarati literature (Gujarati: ગુજરાતી સાહિત્ય, romanized: Gujarātī sāhitya) may be traced to 1000 AD, and this literature has flourished since then to the present. It is unique in having almost no patronage from a ruling dynasty, other than its composers.

Gujarat Vidhya Sabha, Gujarat Sahitya Sabha, Gujarat Sahitya Akademi and Gujarati Sahitya Parishad are Gujarat-based literary institutions promoting the Gujarati literature.
Abhimanyu Samanta Singhara
Abhimanyu Samanta Singhara (Odia: [ɔbʱimɔnju saːmɔnt̪ɔsiŋhaːɾɔ] ⓘ; 23 February 1760 – 15 June 1806) was an 18th-century Odia poet born in Balia, Jajpur best known as the writer of the kabya Bidagdha Chintamani. Abhimanyu was one of the important musician-poets in the tradition of Odissi music in the 18th century, composing mainly in the Chhānda style. He has also written many Odia folk songs like Bagha Gita (tiger song), Chadhei Gita (bird song). He has written many poems about the love between Radha and Krishna.

Jajpur
Jajpur (also known as Jajapur) (listenⓘ) is  a town and a municipality in Jajpur district in the Indian state of Odisha. It was the capital of the Kesari dynasty, later supplanted by Cuttack. It is the headquarter of Jajpur district.
Yuman music
Yuman music is the music of Yumans, a group of Native American tribes from what is now Southern California and Baja California. They include Paipai, Havasupai, Yavapai, Walapai, Mohave, Quechan, Maricopa, Tipai-Ipai, Cocopa, and Kiliwa people. Folk songs in Yuma culture are said to be given to a person while dreaming.  Many individuals who are in emotional distress go to a secluded area for a few weeks, there to receive new songs.

Yavapai
The Yavapai (/ˈjævəˌpaɪ/ YAV-ə-py) are a Native American tribe in Arizona. Their Yavapai language belongs to the Upland Yuman branch of the proposed Hokan language family.

Today Yavapai people are enrolled in the following federally recognized tribes:

Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation

Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation

Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe.

The Yavapai historically controlled about 10 million acres of land in west-central Arizona. Their lands bordered the San Francisco Peaks to the north, the Pinaleno Mountains and Mazatzal Mountains to the southeast, the Colorado River to the west, and almost to the Gila River and the Salt River to the south.

The Yavapai historically were divided into geographically distinct bands or subtribes:

Kewevkepaya, Gwev G’paaya (southeastern)

Tolkepaya, Tolkepaye (western)

Wipukepa, Wiipukpaa (northeastern), also known as the Verde Valley Yavapai

Yavepé, Yaavpe (northwestern)
MBC Mariupol
MBC Mariupol (Ukrainian: МБК «Маріуполь», formerly BK Azovmash) was a Ukrainian professional basketball club. It was founded in 1990 in the city of Mariupol in South-Eastern Ukraine.

Mariupol was one of the strongest teams in Ukraine along with Kyiv, Khimik, and  Cherkasy. The team's performance peak was an appearance in the EuroCup Final of 2007, against Akasvayu Girona.

BC Khimik
Khimik Yuzhne (Ukrainian: Хімік Южне) is a Ukrainian professional basketball club that is based in Pivdenne. The club plays in the Ukrainian Basketball SuperLeague. In 2006, the club reached the final of the EuroCup Challenge, where they were defeated by Ural Great Perm.
The Gladiator (1986 film)
The Gladiator is a made-for-TV vigilante-action film directed by Abel Ferrara and starring Ken Wahl, Nancy Allen and Brian Robbins. Robert Culp, Stan Shaw and Rick Dees have supporting roles. Although originally intended for theatrical release, the film was purchased by Showtime Networks and aired on ABC Television as an original film.

Vigilantism
Vigilantism (/ˌvɪdʒɪˈlæntɪzəm/) is an act commonly summarized as "taking the law into one's own hands" which, according to Merriam Webster, means "to try to punish someone for breaking a law even though one does not have the right to do that." A vigilante is a person who practices or partakes in vigilantism.
Syria at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Syria competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics which was held in Beijing, People's Republic of China from 8 to 24 August 2008. This was the nation's eleventh appearance at the Olympics since its debut in 1948. The Syrian Olympic Committee sent eight athletes who took part in five sports in the games.

Syrian Olympic Committee
The Syrian Olympic Committee (Arabic: اللجنة الأولمبية السورية; IOC Code: SYR) is the National Olympic Committee in Syria for the Olympic Games movement. It is a non-profit organization that selects players and teams to represent the nation, and raises funds to send to Olympic events organized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
Souled Out (1999)
Souled Out (1999) was the third Souled Out professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). The event took place on January 17, 1999 from the Charleston Civic Center in Charleston, West Virginia.

The main event was a Stun Gun ladder match between Scott Hall and Goldberg, based on Hall helping Kevin Nash in beating Goldberg for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship and ending Goldberg's undefeated streak, the previous month at Starrcade. The objective of the match was to retrieve the stun gun by climbing the ladder and tasing the opponent with the gun to win the match. Goldberg won by tasing Hall after performing a Spear and a Jackhammer.

Professional wrestling strikes
Strikes can be offensive moves in professional wrestling, that can sometimes be used to set up an opponent for a hold or for a throw. There are a wide variety of strikes in pro wrestling, and many are known by several different names. Professional wrestlers frequently give their finishers new names. Occasionally, these names become popular and are used regardless of the wrestler performing the technique.

Professional wrestling contains a variety of punches and kicks found in martial arts and other fighting sports; the moves listed below are more specific to wrestling itself. Many of the moves below can also be performed from a raised platform (the top rope, the ring apron, etc.); these are called aerial variations. Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.
Malitbog, Bukidnon
Malitbog, officially the Municipality of Malitbog (Bukid and Higaonon: Banuwa ta Malitbog; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Malitbog; Tagalog: Bayan ng Malitbog), is a  municipality in the province of Bukidnon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 26,741 people.

Higaonon language
Higaonon is a Manobo language spoken by the Higaonon people on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. It is partially (80%) intelligible with Binukid.

Higaonon is spoken in the Butuan River basin of north-central Mindanao, comprising the entire Misamis Oriental, northern parts of Bukidnon, northwestern Agusan del Sur Province and the area of Agusan del Norte Province south of Butuan. According to Ethnologue, it is closely related to Binukid, with 77%–81% mutual intelligibility.
Research Association of Laozi Taoist Culture
The Research Association of Laozi Taoist Culture or Chinese Research Association of Laozi Taoist Culture (RALTC or CRALTC) is an academic and religious organization founded in March 2008 in China whose aim is to promote higher education and research on Taoism in China and abroad.

The inauguration ceremony took place at the Great Hall of the People of Beijing with supervision of Ge Rongjin, a professor from Renmin University of China.

Renmin University of China
The Renmin University of China (RUC) is a public university in Haidian, Beijing, China. The university is affiliated with the Ministry of Education, and co-funded by the Ministry of Education and the Beijing Municipal People's Government. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.
Vincent's theorem
In mathematics, Vincent's theorem—named after Alexandre Joseph Hidulphe Vincent—is a theorem that isolates the real roots of polynomials with rational coefficients.

Even though Vincent's theorem is the basis of the fastest method for the isolation of the real roots of polynomials, it was almost totally forgotten, having been overshadowed by Sturm's theorem; consequently, it does not appear in any of the classical books on the theory of equations (of the 20th century), except for Uspensky's book. Two variants of this theorem are presented, along with several (continued fractions and bisection) real root isolation methods derived from them.

SageMath
SageMath (previously Sage or SAGE, "System for Algebra and Geometry Experimentation") is a computer algebra system (CAS) with features covering many aspects of mathematics, including algebra, combinatorics, graph theory, group theory, differentiable manifolds,  numerical analysis, number theory, calculus, and statistics.

The first version of SageMath was released on 24 February 2005 as free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2, with the initial goals of creating an "open source alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB". The originator and leader of the SageMath project, William Stein, was a mathematician at the University of Washington.

SageMath uses a syntax resembling Python's, supporting procedural, functional, and object-oriented constructs.
Japanese invasion of Cagayan de Oro
Japanese Invasion in Cagayan de Oro, (Filipino: Paglusob ng mga Hapones sa Cagayan de Oro, Cebuano: Pagsulong sa mga Hapon sa Cagayan de Oro) a military conflict during early days of World War II in the Philippines. It took place from May 6 to 12, 1942. Their main objective was to capture vital Del Monte Fields and link with Sakaguchi Detachment from the south via Sayre Highway.

102nd Division (Philippines)
The 102nd Infantry Division was a division of the Philippine Army under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE).

Organized in early 1942, the division was responsible for the defense of the Cagayan Sector of Mindanao. It fought in the defense of Mindanao against Japanese invasion in early May, and surrendered after the Fall of Corregidor during the Philippines Campaign of 1941–1942.
Tasmania Devils Academy
The Tasmania Devils Academy (also known as the Tassie Devils) is an Australian rules football club that competes in the Talent League Boys and Talent League Girls competitions. The team is made up of footballers based in Tasmania aged between 17 and 19 years of age, and competes against other representative teams based in metropolitan Melbourne and regional Victoria, as part of the Australian Football League's (AFL) talent pathway systems for male and female players.

Talent League Girls
The Talent League Girls (also known as the Coates Talent League Girls under naming rights and previously as the NAB League Girls and TAC Cup Girls) is an under-19 Australian rules football representative competition held in Australia. It is based on geographic regions throughout country Victoria and metropolitan Melbourne with each team representing twelve Victorian regions, while a thirteenth team from Tasmania was introduced in 2019.

The league is one of the leading competitions for female footballers to be recruited to AFL Women's (AFLW) clubs. An identical competition for male footballers, known as the Talent League Boys, is also contested on an annual basis.
Murad III
Murad III (Ottoman Turkish: مراد ثالث, romanized: Murād-i sālis; Turkish: III. Murad; 4 July 1546 – 16 January 1595) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595.

His rule saw battles with the Habsburgs and exhausting wars with the Safavids. The long-independent Morocco was for a time made a vassal of the empire but regained independence in 1582. His reign also saw the empire's expanding influence on the eastern coast of Africa. However, the empire was beset by increasing corruption and inflation from the New World which led to unrest among the Janissary and commoners. Relations with Elizabethan England were cemented during his reign, as both had a common enemy in the Spanish. He was also a great patron of the arts, commissioning the Siyer-i-Nebi and other illustrated manuscripts.

Ottoman Turkish alphabet
The Ottoman Turkish alphabet (Ottoman Turkish: الفبا, romanized: elifbâ) is a version of the Perso-Arabic script used to write Ottoman Turkish for over 600 years until 1928, when it was replaced by the Latin-based modern Turkish alphabet.

Though Ottoman Turkish was primarily written in this script, non-Muslim Ottoman subjects sometimes wrote it in other scripts, including Armenian, Greek, Latin and Hebrew alphabets.
Drama (American duo)
Drama (stylized as DRAMA) is an American duo from Chicago consisting of producer Na'el Shehade and vocalist/songwriter Via Rosa (born Lluvia Rosa Vela). Often described as a blend of R&B and dance, their music spans a wide variety of genres including pop, hip hop, jazz, bossa nova, and electronic. The band is known for their independent approach to creating and releasing their music. Their debut album Dance Without Me was released in February 2020.

Music genre
A music genre is a conventional category that identifies some pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions. Genre is to be distinguished from musical form and musical style, although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.

Music can be divided into genres in numerous ways, sometimes broadly and with polarity, e.g., popular music as opposed to art music or folk music, or, as another example, religious music and secular music. Often, however, classification draws on the proliferation of derivative subgenres, fusion genres, and microgenres that has started to accrue, e.g., screamo, country pop, and mumble rap, respectively. The artistic nature of music means that these classifications are often subjective and controversial, and some may overlap. As genres evolve, novel music is sometimes lumped into existing categories.
Pee Dee, Montgomery County, North Carolina
Pee Dee is an unincorporated community in southwestern Montgomery County, North Carolina, United States, located on North Carolina Highway 73. U.S. Representative and State Senator Edmund Deberry lived in Pee Dee, which was a township at that time, until his death in 1859.

The community was named for the Pee Dee people, who built the nearby Town Creek Indian Mound.

Pedee people
The Pedee people, also Pee Dee and Peedee, were a historic Native American tribe of the Southeastern United States. Historically, their population has been concentrated in the Piedmont of present-day South Carolina. It is believed that in the 17th and 18th centuries, English colonists named the Pee Dee River and the Pee Dee region of South Carolina for the tribe. Today four state-recognized tribes, one state-recognized group, and several unrecognized groups claim descent from the historic Pedee people. Presently none of these organizations are recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, with the Catawba Indian Nation being the only federally recognized tribe within South Carolina.
Runtococha
Runtococha (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Runtuqucha; runtu egg, qucha lake, "egg lake", hispanicized spelling Runtococha) is a lake in the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of  Peru located in the Ancash Region, Asunción Province, Chacas District. It is situated at a height of  4,386 metres (14,390 ft), 325 m long and 234 m at its widest point. Runtococha lies northeast of the lake Yanacocha and east of the lake Huegroncocha.

Department of Ancash
Ancash (Quechua: Anqash; Spanish: Áncash pronounced [ˈaŋkaʃ]) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's west, it is bordered by the departments of La Libertad on the north, Huánuco and Pasco on the east, Lima on the south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Huaraz, and its largest city and port is Chimbote.
Simone Warzel
Simone Warzel (born 1973) is a German mathematical physicist  at the Technical University of Munich. Her research involves statistical mechanics and the many-body problem in quantum mechanics. She is a co-author of the book Random Operators: Disorder Effects on Quantum Spectra and Dynamics.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Brooks Aqueduct
The Brooks Aqueduct is a defunct aqueduct, historic site and museum originally built by the irrigation division of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company during the early 1910s in Southern Alberta, Canada. The aqueduct was intended to irrigate a section of southeastern Alberta by diverting water east from Lake Newell from 1914 to 1979, and is located approximately 8 kilometres south of the City of Brooks. The main section of the aqueduct spans a 3.2 km valley at an average elevation of 20 metres. The structure has been designated a National Historic Site with an interpretive centre constructed nearby for tourists.

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.