hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Douglas (Irish politician)
John Harold Douglas (29 April 1912 – 1982) was an Irish politician and an independent member of Seanad Éireann.  He was nominated by the Taoiseach to the 8th Seanad on 1 October 1954, replacing his deceased father James G. Douglas.

Douglas was a Quaker like his father, and succeeded him as managing director of the family linen and clothing companies. On 2 September 1941, he married Hazel Malcolm (c.1915–8 September 2009); they had three children.

Irish linen
Irish linen (Irish: Línéadach Éireannach) is the name given to linen produced in Ireland (including both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland). Linen is cloth woven from, or yarn spun from, flax fibre, which was grown in Ireland for many years before advanced agricultural methods and more suitable climate led to the concentration of quality flax cultivation in northern Europe.
Miguel de Benavides
Miguel de Benavides y Añoza, O.P. (c. 1552 – July 26, 1605) was a Spanish Catholic prelate and sinologist who served as the third Archbishop of Manila. He previously served as the first Bishop of Nueva Segovia and was the founder of the University of Santo Tomas in Manila.

Catholic Church in Spain
The Spanish Catholic Church, or Catholic Church in Spain, is part of the Catholic Church under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome, and the Spanish Episcopal Conference.

The Spanish Constitution of 1978 establishes the non-denominationality of the State, providing that the public authorities take into account the religious beliefs of society, maintaining cooperative relations with the Catholic Church and other confessions. Thus, the relations between the Spanish State and the Holy See are regulated by the 1976 agreement and the three 1979 agreements, which modified and replaced the previous 1953 concordat.
Dulverton
Dulverton is a town and civil parish in west Somerset, England, near the border with Devon. The town had a population of 1,408 at the 2011 Census. The parish includes the hamlets of Battleton and Ashwick which is located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) north west of Dulverton.

To the west of the hamlet lies Ashwick House, built in the Edwardian style in 1901. Also nearby is the estate of Northmoor, formerly a seat of Sir Frederick Wills, 1st Baronet of Northmoor, one of the four Wills Baronetcys, and the founders of the Imperial Tobacco Company. In 1929 Sir Frederick's son & heir, Sir Gilbert Wills, 2nd Baronet, was raised to the peerage as Baron Dulverton, whose principal seat was at Batsford Park, near Batsford, Gloucestershire.

Dulverton is a popular tourist destination for exploring Exmoor, and is home to the Exmoor National Park Authority headquarters.  The town lies on the route of the Exe Valley Way and Land's End Trail.

Gilbert Wills, 1st Baron Dulverton
Gilbert Alan Hamilton Wills, 1st Baron Dulverton (28 March 1880 – 1 December 1956), also known by Sir Gilbert Wills, 2nd Baronet of Northmoor & Manor Heath, was a British businessman and Conservative Member of Parliament from 1909 to 1929.
Oswald Gomis
Oswald Thomas Colman Gomis (Sinhala: ඔස්වල්ඩ් තෝමස් කොල්මන් ගෝමිස්; 12 December 1932 – 3 February 2023) was the emeritus Roman Catholic Archbishop of Colombo and the former Chancellor of the University of Colombo (2002–2021). Msgr. Gomis' previous post was as the Bishop of Anuradhapura having been appointed in 1996. He was also the Auxiliary Bishop of Colombo from 1968 to 1996. He formally relinquished office and retired on 5 August 2009.

University of Colombo
The University of Colombo (informally Colombo University or UoC) is a public research university located primarily in Colombo, Sri Lanka. It is the oldest institution of modern higher education in Sri Lanka. It specializes in the fields of Natural, Social, Applied, Formal, and Computer Sciences as well as Fine Arts, Law and Technology. It is ranked among the top 10 universities in South Asia.

The University of Colombo was founded in 1921 as University College Colombo, affiliated with the University of London. Degrees were issued to its students from 1923 onwards. The university traces its roots to 1870 when the Ceylon Medical School was established. UoC has produced notable alumni in the fields of science, law, economics, business, literature, and politics.
Mthatha General Hospital
Mthatha General Hospital is a large Provincial government funded hospital situated in central Mthatha in South Africa. It is a general hospital and forms part of the Mthatha Hospital Complex.

The hospital departments include Emergency department, Paediatric ward, Maternity ward, Obstetrics/Gynecology, Out Patients Department, Surgical Services, Medical Services, Operating Theatre & CSSD Services, Pharmacy, Anti-Retroviral (ARV) treatment for HIV/AIDS, Post Trauma Counseling Services, Occupational Services, X-ray Services, Physiotherapy, Speech and Audiology services, NHLS Laboratory, Oral Health Care Provides, Laundry Services, Kitchen Services and Mortuary.

Central sterile services department
The central sterile services department (CSSD), also called sterile processing department (SPD), sterile processing, central supply department (CSD), or central supply, is an integrated place in hospitals and other health care facilities that performs sterilization and other actions on medical devices, equipment and consumables; for subsequent use by health workers in the operating theatre of the hospital and also for other aseptic procedures, e.g. catheterization, wound stitching and bandaging in a medical, surgical, maternity or paediatric ward.
Google Street View
Google Street View is a technology featured in Google Maps and Google Earth that provides interactive panoramas from positions along many streets in the world. Google Street View displays interactive panoramas of stitched VR photographs. Most photography is done by car, but some is done by tricycle, camel, boat, snowmobile, underwater apparatus, and on foot.

First launched in 2007 in several cities in the United States, Street View has since expanded to include all of the country's major and minor cities, as well as the cities and rural areas of many other countries worldwide. As of 2017, Street View had coverage in 83 countries. Street View has been used for research in fields like urban analytics and geographic information science. Street View imagery has also been used in artistic work.

Urban studies
Urban studies is the transdisciplinary study of urban settlements and urban development—comprising the theory portion of the field of urban planning. Topics range from geography, sociology, anthropology, history, urban design and architecture, to public policy and politics, and their interrelations with community development. Urban studies is a major field of study used by  practitioners of urban planning, it helps with the understanding of human values, development, and the interactions they have with their physical environment.
Mácha
Mácha (feminine: Máchová) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Karel Hynek Mácha (1810–1836), Czech poet

Karla Máchová (1853–1920), Czech women's rights activist, journalist and politician

Marcel Mácha (born 1969), Czech footballer

Otmar Mácha (1922–2006), Czech composer

Radka Máchová (born 1949), Czech aerobatic pilot

Vítězslav Mácha (1948–2023), Czech wrestler

Marcel Mácha
Marcel Mácha (born 26 May 1969) is a retired Czech football defender. He made over 200 appearances in the Czech First League, featuring mainly for FC Dukla Příbram. During his final season, Mácha was recognised as the oldest player in the Czech First League, although he only managed to play one minute of the season.
Kiyoshi Kobayashi
Kiyoshi Kobayashi (小林 清志, Kobayashi Kiyoshi; January 11, 1933 – July 30, 2022) was a Japanese actor, voice actor and narrator from Tokyo. He was attached to the Tokyo Actor's Consumer's Cooperative Society. He was a graduate of the arts department of Nihon University.

He was best known for his role as Daisuke Jigen in the Lupin the Third series, voicing the character for over 50 years. He also voiced roles in Humanoid Monster Bem (as Bem), the Droopy cartoons (as the Wolf) and Shazzan (as Shazzan); Kobayashi was the official dub-over voice of James Coburn and Lee Marvin for Japan.

Tokyo Actor's Consumer's Cooperative Society
The Tokyo Actor's Consumer's Cooperative Society (東京俳優生活協同組合, Tōkyō Haiyū Seikatsu Kyōdō Kumiai), also known as Haikyō (俳協), is a Sendagaya, Shibuya-based talent management agency and cooperative representing Japanese voice actors.
Jinyun Zhang
Jinyun Zhang is an electrical engineer whose work has included wireless networks, sensor networks, ultra-wideband networks, multi-hop routing, and network broadcasting. Originally from China, she was a doctoral student in Canada and works in the US, as a vice president and director at Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories
Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL) is a subsidiary of Mitsubishi Electric US Holdings, Inc., which is the principal subsidiary of Mitsubishi Electric in the United States. MERL acts as North American arm of Mitsubishi's Corporate R&D organization and is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

MERL engages in application-motivated basic research and advanced development in areas crucial to Mitsubishi Electric. The facility employs more than 50 PhDs who conduct research and development across a wide range of fields, including robotics, machine learning, digital signal processing, digital audio and video processing, wired and wireless digital communications, spoken language interfaces, computer vision, mechatronics and fundamental algorithms. Since its founding in 1991, MERL has been awarded over 700 patents.
26th Wisconsin Legislature
The Twenty-Sixth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 8, 1873, to March 20, 1873, in regular session.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term. Assembly members were elected to a one-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 5, 1872. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 7, 1871.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Cadwallader C. Washburn, of La Crosse County, serving the second year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1871 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.

Cadwallader C. Washburn
Cadwallader Colden Washburn (April 22, 1818 – May 14, 1882) was an American businessman, Republican politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was the 11th governor of Wisconsin (1872–1874) and served 10 years in the U.S. House of Representatives, representing western Wisconsin.  As a businessman, he acquired and grew the Minneapolis Milling Company, creating the business that would later become General Mills.  During the American Civil War, Washburn also distinguished himself as a Union Army officer, and rose to the rank of major general, leading forces in the western theater of the war.

Cadwallader Washburn was a member of the Washburn family of Maine.  His brother, Israel Washburn Jr., was the 29th governor of Maine, and another brother, William D. Washburn, served as a United States senator from Minnesota.  Two other brothers were also notable politicians and diplomats.
Vasalemma Parish
Vasalemma Parish (Estonian: Vasalemma vald) was a rural municipality in north-western Estonia. It was a part of Harju County. The municipality had a population of 4,991 (as of 1 January 2012) and covered an area of 38.66 km2. The population density was 129.1 inhabitants per km2.

Vasalemma Parish consisted of three small boroughs (alevik) (Vasalemma, Rummu, Ämari) and two villages (Veskiküla and Lemmaru).

The mayor (vallavanem) was Mart Mets.

Populated places in Estonia
Populated places in Estonia are cities or settlement units of rural municipalities, but only cities have administrative functions. Settlement units are divided into settlements and urban regions (subdivisions of cities).

Officially there are four types of settlement unit in Estonia:

village (küla) – a sparsely populated settlement or a densely populated settlement with fewer than 300 permanent inhabitants

small borough (alevik) – a densely populated settlement with at least 300 permanent inhabitants

town (alev) – a densely populated settlement with at least 1000 permanent inhabitants

city (linn) - a densely populated settlement with at least 1000 permanent inhabitants.

As of 2024, there were 47 cities, 13 towns, 186 hamlets and 4457 villages in Estonia. There were 3 cities with under 1000 permanent inhabitants as of 2023.
Horn Davis Overholtzer Bridge
The Horn or Horn Davis or  Overholtzer Bridge  was a historic wooden covered bridge located in Morgan Township in Greene County and West Bethlehem Township in Washington County, Pennsylvania.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. and was designated as a historic bridge by the Washington County History & Landmarks Foundation.

The bridge collapsed in March 1994, and has not been replaced or rebuilt.

Greene County, Pennsylvania
Greene County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,954. Its county seat is Waynesburg. Greene County is part of the Pittsburgh media market. The county is part of the Southwest region of the commonwealth.
Valentin Teodorica
Valentin Teodorica (Hebrew: ולנטין תודוריקה; born 26 January 1981) is a Romanian-Israeli professional association football player who played in the Israeli Premier League for Hapoel Kfar Saba and also played for Hapoel Mevaseret Zion, Hapoel Jerusalem, Hakoah Ramat Gan and Beitar Jerusalem.

Hapoel Katamon Jerusalem F.C.
Hapoel Katamon Jerusalem F.C. (Hebrew: הפועל קטמון ירושלים) was the name of the club that is currently called Hapoel Jerusalem, an Israeli fan-owned association football club in Jerusalem. It was conceived and founded in 2007 by Hapoel Jerusalem fans unhappy with the team's management.

At its founding, Hapoel Katamon Jerusalem became the first fan-owned football club in Israel.

In May 2020, the club's Council decided to rename the club's name to Hapoel Jerusalem, and changed the logo accordingly.
Barrios Altos
Barrios Altos is a neighbourhood which forms the eastern part of Lima District, part of the historic centre of the Peruvian city of Lima. It owes its name to the fact that, topographically, it is higher than the rest of the old part of the City, due to the elevation of the land that exists towards the Andes mountain range, which is evident in its streets to this day.

Despite its historical significance, the neighbourhood, in comparison to the Cercado de Lima, is in poor shape, as many buildings' façades are not maintained and the collapse of buildings in the area results in the terrains becoming abandoned instead of rebuilt. As a result, a project targeting the area has been announced by PROLIMA, the entity in charge of the project under the auspices of the Ministry of Culture and the Municipality of Lima.

Metropolitan Municipality of Lima
The Metropolitan Municipality of Lima (Spanish: Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima; MML) is the top-tier administrative and governing body of Lima, the capital and largest city of Peru. Governing both Lima Province and Lima District, it is the only provincial municipality under a special regime equal in status to a regional government.
Director General of Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy
The Director General of Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy is the administrative head of the Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy, the national academy for fine and performing arts in Bangladesh. The position is responsible for the overall administration of the academy and the implementation of decisions taken by the Executive Council (Shilpakala Academy Parishad), which is headed by the Minister of Cultural Affairs. The Director General is appointed by the Government of Bangladesh on a contractual basis, typically for a term of one to two years, subject to relinquishing other professional engagements.

Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy
Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy, known as Shilpakala Academy, is the principal state-sponsored national cultural centre of Bangladesh. It is an academy of fine and performing arts, established on 19 February 1974 under the Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy Act. The Academy has branches in all 64 districts of Bangladesh to promote cultural activities and foster artistic development at the regional level.
El Hadjar Complex
El Hadjar Complex (Arabic:  مركب الحجار) is a large steel plant, located in northern Algeria, on the boundary between historical provinces of Annaba and El Taref Province. Current name of the plant is ArcelorMittal Annaba, and its previous names were El Hadjar Iron and Steel Complex, Sider Algeria s.p.a, El Hadjar Iron and Steel Complex is located near the city of El Hadjar.

The decision to build a modern, brand new plant, located in an agricultural area of El Hadjar was taken by Houari Boumediene 1964. The construction was initiated in 1967, and it brought far-reaching changes to the social structure of the region. Thousands of migrants, mostly from eastern Algeria, came to work and live in newly built flats.

Construction of the plant was carried out with cooperation with Soviet experts. Some 50,000 workers took part in the project. First unit of the plant was opened in 1969.

El Taref Province
El Taref (Arabic: ولاية الطارف) is a province (wilaya) of Algeria, with a population of 481,136 inhabitants in 2019. El Kala is a port town in this province and El Taref is the capital city. El Kala, a port town in this province, is home to El Kala National Park and, Lake Mellah.
Accademia di Belle Arti di Bari
The Accademia di Belle Arti di Bari is a public tertiary academy of art in Bari, in Puglia in southern Italy. It was established on 1 October 1970 and was formally approved by presidential decree on 15 March 1973.: 359 : 7878

Like other state art academies in Italy, it became an autonomous degree-awarding institution under law no. 508 dated 21 December 1999, and falls under the Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca, the Italian ministry of education and research.

Academy
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek: Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded c. 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom and skill, north of Athens, Greece. The Royal Spanish Academy defines an academy as a scientific, literary or artistic society established with public authority and as a teaching establishment, public or private, of a professional, artistic, technical or simply practical nature.
Jose Faustino Jr.
Jose Calingasan Faustino Jr. (born November 12, 1965) is a retired Philippine Army general who previously served as Senior Undersecretary and officer-in-charge of the Department of National Defense.

He previously served as the 56th Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines from July to November 2021 and was controversially designated the Acting Commanding General of the Philippine Army from February to May 2021 during the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte.

Commission on Appointments
The Commission on Appointments (Filipino: Komisyon sa Paghirang, abbreviated as CA) is a constitutional body which confirms or rejects certain political appointments made by the President of the Philippines. The current commission was created by the 1987 Constitution.

While often associated with the Congress of the Philippines, which consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate, and mistakenly referred to as a congressional committee, the Commission on Appointments is an independent body from the legislature, though its membership is confined to members of Congress.
Ruthenosaurus
Ruthenosaurus is an extinct genus of caseid synapsids that lived in what is now Southern France during the Early Permian (late Artinskian) about 285 million years ago.  It is known from the holotype MNHN.F.MCL-1 an articulated partial postcranial skeleton. It was collected by D. Sigogneau-Russell and D. Russell in 1970 in the upper part of the M2 Member, Grès Rouge Group, in the Rodez Basin, near the village of Valady (département of Aveyron), in Occitanie Region. It was first named by Robert R. Reisz, Hillary C. Maddin, Jörg Fröbisch and Jocelyn Falconnet in 2011, and the type species is Ruthenosaurus russellorum.

Cisuralian
The Cisuralian, also known as the Early Permian, is the first series/epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan and dates between 298.9 ± 0.15 – 274.4 ± 0.4 Ma.

In the regional stratigraphy of southwestern North America, the Cisuralian encompasses two series: the Wolfcampian (Asselian to mid-Artinskian) and Leonardian (mid-Artinskian to Kungurian).

The series saw the appearance of beetles and flies and was a relatively stable warming period of about 21 million years.
1984 Dutch Open – Doubles
Heinz Günthardt and Balázs Taróczy were the defending champions, but none competed this year. Taróczy opted to compete at Washington in the same week.

Anders Järryd and Tomáš Šmíd won the title by defeating Broderick Dyke and Michael Fancutt 6–4, 5–7, 7–6 in the final.

Anders Järryd
Anders Per Järryd (pronounced [ˈânːdɛʂ ˈjæ̂rːyːd]; born 13 July 1961) is a former professional tennis player from Sweden. During his career he won eight Grand Slam doubles titles (three French Open, two Wimbledon, two US Open, one Australian Open), reached the world No. 1 doubles ranking, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 5.

Järryd was born in Lidköping, Västra Götaland. He also played bandy in Lidköpings AIK, while growing up.
Thunderstruck (2006 book)
Thunderstruck is a 2006 narrative non-fiction book by Erik Larson. Thunderstruck, uses the same format as the "Devil in the White City", interweaving two stories: a long-forgotten murder and escape attempt, and a seemingly unrelated event of great historical significance, the story of Guglielmo Marconi as he invented and developed his wireless telegraph.

The action takes place in Edwardian London and later on the sea coasts of Cornwall, Cape Cod, and Nova Scotia. Against the background of socially-rigid, but technologically dynamic, Edwardian society, Marconi, an Italian outsider, overcomes great technical difficulties to perfect his invention. At the same time, Hawley Harvey Crippen, murders his wife and attempts to escape with his girlfriend across the North Atlantic. In the end, Crippen is the first criminal to be captured with the aid of wireless telegraphy.

Hawley Harvey Crippen
Hawley Harvey Crippen (11 September 1862 – 23 November 1910), colloquially known as Dr. Crippen, was an American homeopath, ear and eye specialist and medicine dispenser who was hanged in Pentonville Prison, London, for the murder of his second wife, Cora Henrietta Crippen. He was the first criminal to be captured with the aid of wireless telegraphy.