hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Don Williams (guard)
Don Donaho Williams (May 23, 1919 – August 11, 2001) was an American professional football guard who played for one season in the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for Texas, he was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the 10th round of the 1941 NFL draft. His rights were transferred to the Pittsburgh Steelers due to the events later referred to as the Pennsylvania Polka, and he played for them in 1941. In 1942, he played for the Second Air Force.

After his time in the NFL, Williams served in the Air Force for 26 years as a civil engineer achieving the rank of lieutenant colonel. He served in the Pacific during World War II and in Korea during the Korean War. He was awarded numerous medals for distinguished service, and retired in 1967.

Second Air Force
The Second Air Force (2 AF; 2d Air Force in 1942) is a USAF numbered air force responsible for conducting basic military and technical training for Air Force enlisted members and non-flying officers.  In World War II the CONUS unit defended the Northwestern United States and Upper Great Plains regions and during the Cold War, was Strategic Air Command unit with strategic bombers and missiles. Elements of Second Air Force engaged in combat operations during the Korean War; Vietnam War, as well as Operation Desert Storm.
Bourne Publishing Group
Bourne Publishing Group (BPG) is a small publishing group based in Stamford, Lincolnshire, England. Founded in 1989 as an independent private publisher formed primarily to publish a new launch (the Shooting Gazette) but with the long-term objective of adding other titles.

BPG was started in offices in Bourne, Lincolnshire with three full-time staff members and a part-time secretary. It relocated to Stamford at the end of 1998 and there are now more than 35 employees and numerous freelancers.

Bourne, Lincolnshire
Bourne is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies on the eastern slopes of the limestone Kesteven Uplands and the western edge of the Fens, 11 miles (18 km) north-east of Stamford, 12 miles (19 km) west of Spalding and 17 miles (27 km) north of Peterborough. The population at the 2011 census was 14,456. A 2019 estimate put it at 16,780.
R v JA
R v JA [2011] 2 S.C.R. 440, 2011 SCC 28 is a criminal law decision of the Supreme Court of Canada regarding consent in cases of sexual assaults.  The court found that a person can only consent to sexual activity if they are conscious throughout that activity.  If a person becomes unconscious during the sexual activity, then they legally cannot consent, whether or not they consented earlier.  In addition to the two parties (J.A. and the Attorney General of Ontario), the Court heard from two interveners: the Attorney General of Canada and the Women's Legal Education and Action Fund (LEAF).

Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada
The minister of justice and attorney general of Canada (French: ministre de la justice et procureur général du Canada) is a dual-role portfolio in the Canadian Cabinet.

The officeholder in the role of Minister of Justice (Ministre de la Justice) serves as the minister of the Crown responsible for the Department of Justice and the justice portfolio, and in the role of Attorney General (Procureur général), litigates on behalf of the Crown and serves as the chief legal advisor to the Government of Canada. (Though most prosecution functions of the attorney general have been assigned to the Public Prosecution Service of Canada. The attorney general is supported in this role by the director of public prosecutions, who is simultaneously the deputy attorney general.)
Society of Montana Pioneers
The Society of Montana Pioneers was founded on September 11, 1884, in Helena, Montana, to honor and document the histories of Montana pioneers who were resident in the territory at the time it became a Montana Territory, May 26, 1864. In 1909, the society changed its membership rules to admit pioneers who were resident the territory prior to December 31, 1868. In 1899, the society boasted 1536 active members out of a one time total of 1808. The society did not consider individuals who were assigned to Montana on military duties, individuals who were deemed outlaws such as Henry Plummer of Bannack, or Indians as eligible for membership in the society.

On August 18, 1892, a junior society was founded—The Sons and Daughters of Montana Pioneers—to perpetuate the tradition of the pioneers by their progeny.

Henry Plummer
Henry Plummer (c. 1832–January 10, 1864) was a prospector, lawman, and outlaw in the American West in the 1850s and 1860s, who was known to have killed several men. He was elected sheriff of what was then Bannack, Idaho Territory, in 1863 and served until 1864, during which period he was accused of being the leader of a "road agent" gang of outlaws known as the "Innocents," who preyed on shipments from what was then Virginia City, Idaho Territory to other areas. In response some leaders in Virginia City formed the Vigilance Committee of Alder Gulch and began to take action against Plummer's gang, gaining confessions from a couple of men they arrested in early January 1864. On January 10, 1864, Plummer and two associates were arrested in Bannack by a company of the vigilantes and summarily hanged. Plummer was given a posthumous mock trial in 1993 which led to a mistrial. The jury was split 6–6.
Puerto Rico at the 2019 Pan American Games
Puerto Rico competed in the 2019 Pan American Games which took place in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019.

On June 19, 2019, wrestler Franklin Gómez was named as the country's flag bearer during the opening ceremony.

The Puerto Rico team consisted of 244 athletes.

Originally, Puerto Rico won the gold medal in bowling - men's doubles, though Jean Perez, a member of the bowling team, was tested positive for doping with chlorthalidone, a prohibited diuretic. The Panam Sports Disciplinary Commission announced this positive the day the Lima Games are closed, on 11 August 2019. As a consequence, the Puerto Rican duo loses gold, which passes to the United States. Colombia gets the silver and the bronze goes to the Mexico team.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Bailey Road, Patna
Bailey Road (also known as Nehru Path) is a road and neighbourhood in Patna, India. It connects Patna with Danapur. It roughly starts from Income Tax Golambar and ends in Danapur, running through the heart of the city. It is one of the most important roads in the city. Many important landmarks like Patna High Court, Patna Women's College, Patna Secretariat, Patna Zoo, Patna Airport, Bihar Museum etc. are situated beside or near to this road. Bailey Road was officially renamed as Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, but this road is still widely known as Bailey Road. Now, this road has been renamed as Nehru Path by the government of Bihar. This area is served by Shastrinagar Police Station of Patna Police.

Patna Police
Patna Police (Hindi: पटना पुलिस) is the police service responsible for law enforcement within Patna district, including the capital city of Patna in an Indian state of Bihar. Patna Police is the largest police service in the state. Its headquarters are at Gandhi Maidan Marg in Patna. The present SSP of Patna Police is shri kartikey kumar sharma IPS(2014) batch
Hijab and chastity bill
Hijab and chastity bill (Persian: لایحه عفاف و حجاب) officially the Bill to Support the Family by Promoting the Culture of Chastity and Hijab (لایحه حمایت از خانواده از طریق ترویج فرهنگ عفاف و حجاب) was a planned bill for Hijab in Iran.

This bill was drafted by the Iranian judiciary after the closure of the Guidance Patrol and in the midst of the Women, Life, Freedom movement. The government of Seyyed Ebrahim Raisi sent it to the Islamic Consultative Assembly. It was eventually passed by the Majlis but the bill was suspended by the Supreme National Security Council making it not official law.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
Skotnica, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Skotnica [skɔtˈnit͡sa] (German: Schäfereivorwerk) is a settlement within the sołectwo of Stare Objezierze in Gmina Moryń, Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) west of the municipal centre Moryń and 44 km (27 mi) south of Gryfino. It is the settlement with the lowest population in the Gmina Moryń. The majority of the settlements' territory is covered by the German-operated Reiterhof Podkowa.

Gryfino
Gryfino [ɡrɨˈfʲinɔ] (German: Greifenhagen) is a town in Pomerania, northwestern Poland, with 21,393 inhabitants (2017). It is the capital of Gryfino County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship.

The town is located on the Odra Wschodnia, the eastern branch of the Oder river, about 20 kilometres (12 miles) south of Szczecin in Poland. The western branch of the Oder, 2 km (1 mi) away from the town center, marks the border with Germany. There is a direct road link between Gryfino and the German town of Mescherin across the river.

The Crooked Forest is located in the village of Nowe Czarnowo, just outside Gryfino.
2023–24 ISU Speed Skating World Cup
The 2023–24 ISU Speed Skating World Cup is an international level speed skating tournament. The season consists of 6 events, and began on 10 November 2023 in Obihiro, Japan and ended on 4 February 2024 in Quebec City, Canada. The World Cup is organised by the ISU who also runs world cups and championships in short track speed skating and figure skating.

Short-track speed skating
Short-track speed skating is a form of competitive ice speed skating. In competitions, multiple skaters (typically between four and six) skate on an oval ice track with a length of 111.12 metres (364.57 ft). The rink itself is 60 metres (196.85 ft) long by 30 metres (98.43 ft) wide, which is the same size as an Olympic-sized figure skating rink and an international-sized ice hockey rink. Related sports include long-track speed skating and inline speed skating.
Arman Dunayev
Arman Galiasqaruly Dunayev (Kazakh: Арман Ғалиасқарұлы Дунаев; Arman Ğaliasqarūly Dunaev; born October 7, 1966) previously served as the Finance Minister in the Government of Kazakhstan. He replaced Yerbolat Dosayev on 5 April 2004.

Government of Kazakhstan
The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Үкіметі, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Ükımetı) is the collegial body that exercises executive power in the Republic of Kazakhstan; the government heads the system of executive bodies and directs their activities. The Government is formed by the President of Kazakhstan in the manner prescribed by the constitution. The current cabinet is headed by Oljas Bektenov, who was sworn in as Prime Minister on 6 February 2024.  The Government House is located on the left bank near Akorda at the House of Ministries at Mangilik el 8 ave in Astana. The length of the building is about 1.5 km. It consists of 20 blocks and has a stepped shape – from 8 to 10 floors. The total area of the facility is 228 thousand square meters. The outer walls are monolithic reinforced concrete, the finish is ceramic granite.
Bill Hammond (fencer)
William Hammond (30 January 1872 – 24 March 1935) was a British fencer. He competed at two Olympic Games. He was a three times British fencing champion, winning the sabre title at the British Fencing Championships in 1911, 1914 and 1921.

Sabre (fencing)
The sabre (US English: saber, both pronounced /ˈseɪbər/) is one of the three disciplines of modern fencing alongside foil & epee. The sabre weapon is for thrusting and cutting with both the cutting edge and the back of the blade (unlike the other modern fencing weapons, the épée and foil, where a touch is scored only using the point of the blade).

The informal term sabre fencer refers to sabre fencers of both genders.
Hemingfold Meadow
Hemingfold Meadow is a 4.9-hectare (12-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Battle in East Sussex.

This site consists of two adjacent meadows which have been managed with a grazing and mowing regime which maintains the flora. More than sixty species of flowering plant have been recorded, including common spotted orchid, ox-eye daisy, cuckoo flower, pignut, yellow rattle and primrose.

Conopodium majus
Conopodium majus is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the celery family, Apiaceae. Its underground part resembles a chestnut and is sometimes eaten as a wild or cultivated root vegetable. The plant has many English names (many of them shared with Bunium bulbocastanum, a related plant with similar appearance and uses) variously including kippernut, cipernut, arnut, jarnut, hawknut, earth chestnut, groundnut, and earthnut. From its popularity with pigs come the names pignut, hognut, and more indirectly Saint Anthony's nut, for Anthony the Great or Anthony of Padua, both patron saints of swineherds. (Other plants sharing these names include groundnut, earthnut, and hognut.)
John H. Felt
John H. Felt (1867, Indiana – 1938, Missouri) was an architect who designed many churches, schools, and government buildings in Missouri and Kansas.

He was born in Indiana and moved to St. Joseph, Missouri in 1898 where he formed J.H. Felt & Company.

In 1937 he moved to Kansas City where he was senior at the firm Felt, Dunham & Kriehn, and in 1936 following Mr. Dunham's withdrawal, continued under the name of Felt & Kriehn.

Among the buildings he designed are the Administration Buildings at Northwest Missouri State University and Emporia State University and the Boone County, Missouri Courthouse.

In 1904 he became publisher of Modern Architecture magazine.

Boone County Courthouse (Missouri)
The Boone County Courthouse is the location of the 13th Judicial Circuit of Missouri, covering Boone and Callaway counties. The courthouse is in the Boone County Government Complex in downtown Columbia, Missouri.  It is the third court at this location. The first housed a studio of George Caleb Bingham and is the subject of the 1855 painting Verdict of the People.

The courthouse, at 705 E. Walnut Street, is a contributing property to the Downtown Columbia Historic District.
March 2015 North India unseasonal rain
The unseasonable rain and hailstorm across all North India and its connected states caused heavy damage to the crops of the Rabi Harvest in March 2015. Usually this period of the year does not get rain but that year heavy rainfall destroyed most of the winter harvest that was near to being cut. It directly affected normal life, especially of farmers who lost their harvest for this season. Due to crop damage on a large scale, the prices of basic food items increased. Approximately 106 lakh hectares harvest was damaged and about 80 farmers attempted suicide in March alone. It was also recorded as the wettest March in 48 years.

Lakh
A lakh (/læk, lɑːk/; abbreviated L; sometimes written lac) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 105).  In the Indian 2, 2, 3 convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000. For example, in India, 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 lakh rupees, written as ₹1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000.

It is widely used both in official and other contexts in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is often used in Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan English.
U.S. Music with Funkadelic
U.S. Music with Funkadelic is a self-titled album consisting of tracks recorded in the early 1970s by the band United Soul with input from members of Funkadelic. The album was released by Westbound Records in 2009, and was licensed by Ace Records for its European release.

Funkadelic
Funkadelic was an American funk rock band formed in Plainfield, New Jersey in 1968 and active until 1982. As one of the two flagship groups of George Clinton's P-Funk collective, they helped pioneer the funk music culture of the 1970s. Funkadelic initially formed as a backing band for Clinton's vocal group the Parliaments (later the full-fledged band Parliament), but eventually pursued a heavier, psychedelic rock-oriented sound in their own recordings. They released acclaimed albums such as Maggot Brain (1971) and One Nation Under a Groove (1978).
1992 Swiss Indoors – Doubles
Jakob Hlasek and Patrick McEnroe were the defending champions, but McEnroe did not compete this year. Hlasek teamed up with Marc Rosset and lost in the quarterfinals to Karel Nováček and David Rikl.

Tom Nijssen and Cyril Suk won the title by defeating Karel Nováček and David Rikl 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Marc Rosset
Marc Rosset  (French: [maʁk ʁɔsɛ]; born 7 November 1970) is a Swiss former professional tennis player. He is best known for winning the men's singles gold medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He also won a major doubles title, at the French Open in 1992 partnering compatriot Jakob Hlasek. Rosset's career-high ATP singles ranking was world No. 9, and his career-high doubles ranking was No. 8. He won a total of 15 top-level singles titles and eight doubles titles. He won at least one singles title on all surfaces: clay, grass, carpet, and hardcourt.
Beaumontoperca
Beaumontoperca is an extinct genus of freshwater or estuarine temperate bass known from Late Oligocene. It contains a single species, B. beaumonti, from the Niveau du gypse d'Aix Formation of Aix-en-Provence, France.

Initially described by Louis Agassiz as Perca beaumonti, it was moved into its own genus, Beaumontoperca, in 2000 following further studies. It is considered to likely be a member of the Moronidae due to the morphology of its saccular otolith.

Otolith
An otolith (Ancient Greek: ὠτο-, ōto- ear + λῐ́θος, líthos, a stone), also called otoconium, statolith, or statoconium, is a calcium carbonate structure in the saccule or utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular system of vertebrates. The saccule and utricle, in turn, together make the otolith organs. These organs are what allows an organism, including humans, to perceive linear acceleration, both horizontally and vertically (gravity). They have been identified in both extinct and extant vertebrates.

Counting the annual growth rings on the otoliths is a common technique in estimating the age of fish.
50–50 club (baseball)
In Major League Baseball (MLB), the 50–50 club refers to the group of batters who have recorded 50 home runs and 50 stolen bases in a single season. The feat has been achieved only once in MLB history, by Shohei Ohtani, who finished the 2024 season with 54 home runs and 59 stolen bases.

As of 2025, players have stolen 50 bases or more in an MLB season nearly 500 times, while players have hit 50 or more home runs 50 times, but only Ohtani has achieved both in the same season. Barry Bonds and Brady Anderson are the only players to have achieved 50 home runs in one season and 50 stolen bases in another season during their careers.

Before Ohtani's 50–50 season, the highest number of home runs in a 50-stolen base season was 41 by Ronald Acuña Jr. in 2023, and the highest number of stolen bases in a 50-home run season was 24, a mark shared by Willie Mays in 1955 and Alex Rodriguez in 2007.

Ronald Acuña Jr.
Ronald José Acuña Blanco Jr. (born December 18, 1997) is a Venezuelan professional baseball outfielder for the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB). After signing with the Braves as an international free agent in 2014, Acuña made his MLB debut in 2018, and won the National League Rookie of the Year Award.

Since 2018, Acuña has made five MLB All-Star team appearances, won three Silver Slugger Awards, and twice led the league in stolen bases. During the 2023 season, he became the fifth MLB member of the 40–40 club, set a modern-era franchise record in stolen bases, with 73, and became the first MLB player to accomplish a 40–70 season. Acuña won the 2023 National League Most Valuable Player Award.
Mohinder Singh Sarna
Mohinder Singh Sarna (1923, Rawalpindi, Punjab, British India - 2001) was an Indian civil servant and novelist who wrote in the Punjabi language. He won the 1994 Sahitya Akademi Award for his short story collection Nawen Yug De Waris. He served as an officer of Indian Audit and Accounts Service from the 1950 batch and is the father of diplomat Navtej Sarna.

Indian Audit and Accounts Service
Indian Audit and Accounts Service (IA&AS) is a group 'A' central civil service under the Comptroller and Auditor General of India, the supreme audit institution of India. Its central civil servants serve in an audit managerial capacity in the Indian Audit and Accounts Department (IA&AD), and are responsible for auditing the accounts of the Union government and state governments, as well as their public commercial enterprises and non-commercial autonomous bodies. The service's role is analogous to the US Government Accountability Office and the UK National Audit Office.
Geography of Malta
The geography of Malta is dominated by water. Malta is an archipelago of coralline limestone, located in Southern Europe, but like most of Sicily sits on the African tectonic plate in the Mediterranean Sea.  Malta is 81 kilometres (50 mi) south of Sicily, Italy, and nearly 300 km (190 mi) north (Libya) and northeast (Tunisia) of Africa. Although Malta is located farther south than Tunis and some other cities in North Africa, it is not the Southernmost point of Europe. Only the three largest islands – Malta, Gozo and Comino – are inhabited. Other (uninhabited) islands are: Cominotto, Filfla and the St. Paul's Islands. The country is approximately 316 km2 (122 sq mi) in area. Numerous bays along the indented coastline of the islands provide harbours. The landscape of the islands is characterised by high hills with terraced fields. The capital is Valletta.

Extreme points of Europe
This is a list of the extreme points of Europe: the geographical points that are higher or farther north, south, east or west than any other location in Europe. Some of these positions are open to debate, as the definition of Europe is diverse.