hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Blancmange curve
In mathematics, the blancmange curve is a self-affine fractal curve constructible by midpoint subdivision. It is also known as the  Takagi curve, after Teiji Takagi who described it in 1901, or as the Takagi–Landsberg curve, a generalization of the curve named after Takagi and Georg Landsberg. The name blancmange comes from its resemblance to a blancmange pudding. It is a special case of the more general de Rham curve.

Fractal curve
A fractal curve is loosely a mathematical curve whose shape retains the same general pattern of irregularity, regardless of how high it is magnified or scaled, that is, its graph takes the form of a fractal.

In general, fractal curves are nowhere rectifiable — that is, they do not have finite length — and every subarc longer than a single point has infinite length.
A famous example is the boundary of the Mandelbrot set.
Eran Meshorer
Eran Meshorer (Hebrew: ערן משורר; born May 12, 1971) is an Israeli scientist, professor of epigenetics and stem cells at the Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, and the Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Meshorer is the Arthur Gutterman Chair for Stem Cell Research.

Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences
Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC) (Hebrew: מרכז אדמונד ולילי ספרא למדעי המוח) is a brain science research center affiliated with Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The director of the center is Prof. Leon Y. Deouell.
Chemeketa Park, Los Gatos, California
Chemeketa Park is an unincorporated community of approximately 150 homes located in Lexington Hills, in the Santa Cruz Mountains in Santa Clara County, California, that is now effectively a rural neighborhood of Los Gatos, California. The postal designation for Chemeketa Park is "Los Gatos 95033", although it lies approximately five miles South of the official boundaries of the incorporated town of Los Gatos. The community is in area codes 408 and 669.

Nearby communities are Redwood Estates, Aldercroft Heights, and the ghost town of Holy City. Chemeketa Park is accessed off of State Route 17, on Old Santa Cruz Highway along the Big Moody Curve.

California State Route 17
State Route 17 (SR 17, locally known as Highway 17) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that runs from State Route 1 in Santa Cruz to I-280 and I-880 in San Jose. SR 17, a freeway and expressway, carries substantial commuter and vacation traffic through the Santa Cruz Mountains at Patchen Pass ("The Summit") between Santa Cruz and the San Francisco Bay Area.
Georg Huth
Georg Huth (25 February 1867 – 1 June 1906) was a German Orientalist and explorer.

Huth was born in Krotoszyn (Krotoschin) in the Province of Posen, Prussia. In 1885, he entered the University of Berlin, and he graduated at the University of Leipzig (Ph.D.) in 1889. In 1891, he established himself at Berlin University as lecturer in Central Asiatic languages and in Buddhism. In 1897, he undertook a journey to Siberia for the purpose of studying Tungusic, receiving a subvention from the Imperial Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg. He went to eastern Turkestan with the German Turfan expedition of the Königliches Museum für Völkerkunde of Berlin, in 1902, and spent the following year in western Turkestan studying Turkish dialects and folklore.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
2020 St George North by-election
A by-election was held in the Barbadian constituency of St George North on 11 November 2020 following the resignation of incumbent BLP Member of Parliament Gline Clarke, who had represented the constituency for the prior twenty-six years, to accept the post of Barbados High Commissioner to Canada. It was the first election to take place since Prime Minister Mia Mottley's governing Barbados Labour Party won all seats in the House of Assembly in the 2018 Barbadian general election.

House of Assembly of Barbados
The House of Assembly of Barbados is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Barbados. It has 30 Members of Parliament (MPs), who are directly elected in single member constituencies using the simple-majority (or first-past-the-post) system for a term of five years.  The House of Assembly sits roughly 40–45 days a year and is presided over by a Speaker. If the Speaker elected by the Assembly is not an MP currently in the House of Assembly, that Speaker becomes the 31st member of the Assembly, having a vote on motions that are tied.

The Barbadian House of Assembly chamber is located in the east-wing of The Public Buildings on Broad Street, in Bridgetown, Barbados.
Precision Tunes
Joshua Weinstein (also known as Precision Tunes) is a New York-based music producer. His pre-release cover version of Maroon 5's "Payphone" made #9 on the UK Singles Chart, selling 34,492 copies. The song also charted at #4 on the Scottish Singles Chart and the UK Indie Chart.

After The Sunday Telegraph tracked him down, he said that "We have currently restructured [PT Records] and its employees, [and] are in the process of issuing takedowns [of our previously released covers] and researching accounting for those releases and plan to relinquish any monies made on the nine releases".

The Sunday Telegraph
The Sunday Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper, first published on 5 February 1961 and published by the Telegraph Media Group, a division of Press Holdings. It is the sister paper of The Daily Telegraph, also published by the Telegraph Media Group. The Sunday Telegraph was originally a separate operation with a different editorial staff, but since 2013 the Telegraph has been a seven-day operation. However, The Sunday Telegraph still has its own editor, different from that of The Daily Telegraph.

According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, the Sunday Telegraph had an average circulation of 214,711 copies per week in the first half of 2021.
Bride of Boogedy
Bride of Boogedy is a 1987 American family film, directed by Oz Scott and written by Michael Janover, which originally aired on ABC on April 12, 1987, as an episode of The Disney Sunday Movie.

The film tells the continuing story of the Davis family and their encounters with an evil 300-year-old ghost in the fictional New England town of Lucifer Falls. The film is a sequel to Mr. Boogedy, which aired in 1986. The film is available to stream on Disney+.

Karen Kondazian
Karen Kondazian (born January 27, 1941) is an American actress and author. She is a recipient of the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award's Best Actress award and is a four-time Drama-Logue Awards winner. She had a regular starring role in Shannon, as well guest-starring roles on Wiseguy, Frasier, NYPD Blue, and others.
Æthelwulf of Berkshire
Æthelwulf of Berkshire (before 825 – 4 January, 871) was a Saxon ealdorman.  In 860 he and other men of Berkshire fought off a band of pirates near Winchester, Hampshire.  Later he mustered a force of 1400 men against an army of Danes, won the 31 December 870 Battle of Englefield on behalf of the then kingdom of Wessex. He received a land grant in 843/44 from Brihtwulf, king of Mercia; and lost his life at the Battle of Reading.

Æthelweard, in his account of the battle, reveals a curious fact about Æthelwulf, master of the art of the ambush: he was a Mercian and not a West Saxon. Not only this, Æthelweard says:

"In fact, the body of the dux (leader) mentioned above was carried away secretly and taken into Mercia to the place called Northworthig, but Derby in the Danish tongue."

Dux
Dux (/dʌks, dʊks/, pl.: ducēs) is Latin for "leader" (from the noun dux, ducis, "leader, general") and later for duke and its variant forms (doge, duce, etc.). During the Roman Republic and for the first centuries of the Roman Empire, dux could refer to anyone who commanded troops, both Roman generals and foreign leaders, but was not a formal military rank.
William Engseth
William Engseth (born 1 August 1933 in Målselv) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. He was appointed Minister of Local Government Affairs in 1987, and in 1988 he became Minister of Transport and Communications 1988–1989. In 1989 he was elected as a member of the Norwegian Parliament from Troms and held the seat to 1997.

From 1990 to 1994 he was president of the Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports.

Troms
Troms (Norwegian: [trʊms] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Romsa; Kven: Tromssa; Finnish: Tromssa) is a  county in northern Norway. It borders Finnmark county to the northeast and Nordland county in the southwest. Norrbotten Län in Sweden is located to the south and further southeast is a shorter border with Lapland Province in Finland. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean). The county had a population of 169,610 in 2024.

The entire county, which was established in 1866, is located north of the Arctic Circle. The Troms County Municipality is the governing body for the county, elected by the people of Troms, while the Troms county governor is a representative of the King and Government of Norway.

From January 2020 to December 2023, Troms was merged with the neighboring Finnmark county to create the new Troms og Finnmark county. This merger was reversed by the government resulting from the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election.
Songwriter (film)
Songwriter is a 1984 American film directed by Alan Rudolph. At the 57th Academy Awards, it received an Oscar nomination for Best Original Song Score and Its Adaptation or Adaptation Score for Kris Kristofferson.

Academy Award for Best Original Score
The Academy Award for Best Original Score is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to the best substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by the submitting composer. Some pre-existing music is allowed, though, but a contending film must include a minimum of original music. This minimum since 2021 is established as 35% of the music, which is raised to 80% for sequels and franchise films. Fifteen scores are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Regional Committee for Cycling in Martinique
The Regional Committee for Cycling in Martinique (in French: Comité Régional Cycliste de Martinique) is the regional governing body of cycle racing in Martinique.

It is an associated member of COPACI, the Pan-American cycling confederation.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
2004 Internazionali Femminili di Palermo
The 2004 Internazionali Femminili di Palermo was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Palermo, Italy that was part of the Tier V category of the 2004 WTA Tour. It was the 17th edition of the Internazionali Femminili di Palermo and took place from 19 July until 25 July 2004. Second-seeded Anabel Medina Garrigues won the singles title and earned $16,000 first-prize money.

WTA Tier V tournaments
The WTA Tier V tournaments were the fifth, and lowest, level of women's tennis tournaments on the WTA Tour between 1990 and 1992 and from 2001 to 2005. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled. Most of the Tier V tournaments became Tier IV events between 1993 and 2000 and from 2006 to 2008.

In 2009, WTA changed the tournament categories, so that most of the Tier III, Tier IV and Tier V tournaments from 2008 were placed in a single, WTA International tournaments, category.
Wayne Dyer (footballer)
Wayne Dyer (born 24 November 1977) is a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. Born in England, he represented the Montserrat national team at international level.

Dyer notably scored Montserrat's first goal in FIFA World Cup qualification when he scored in the 88th minute of a 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification home leg against the Dominican Republic on 19 March 2000. The match was played in Port of Spain, Trinidad as the only pitch in Montserrat was unusable due to volcanic activity. Montserrat lost 3–1 and lost both games 6–1 on aggregate. In June 2011, after a gap of seven years he appeared again for his national team in a World Cup qualifying match against Belize.

In England, Dyer played for Birmingham City, Oxford United, Walsall, Stevenage Borough, and before Bromsgrove, Hinckley United, Stourbridge, Solihull Borough, Kettering Town and Chesham United.

2002 FIFA World Cup qualification
The 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification competition was a series of tournaments organised by the six FIFA confederations. Each confederation — the AFC (Asia), CAF (Africa), CONCACAF (North, Central America and Caribbean), CONMEBOL (South America), OFC (Oceania), and UEFA (Europe) — was allocated a certain number of the 32 places at the tournament. 199 teams entered the tournament qualification rounds, competing for 32 spots in the final tournament. South Korea and Japan, as the co-hosts, and France, as the defending champions, qualified automatically, leaving 29 spots open for competition.
Jakarta RESTful Web Services
Jakarta RESTful Web Services, (JAX-RS; formerly Java API for RESTful Web Services) is a Jakarta  EE API specification that provides support in creating web services according to the Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural pattern. JAX-RS uses annotations, introduced in Java SE 5, to simplify the development and deployment of web service clients and endpoints.

From version 1.1 on, JAX-RS is an official part of Java EE 6. A notable feature of being an official part of Java EE is that no configuration is necessary to start using JAX-RS. For non-Java EE 6 environments a small entry in the web.xml deployment descriptor is required.

Java annotation
In the Java computer programming language, an annotation is a form of syntactic metadata that can be added to Java source code, like an attribute. Classes, methods, variables, parameters and Java packages may be annotated. Like Javadoc tags, Java annotations can be read from source files.  Unlike Javadoc tags, Java annotations can also be embedded in and read from Java class files generated by the Java compiler.  This allows annotations to be retained by the Java virtual machine at run-time and read via reflection. It is possible to create meta-annotations out of the existing ones in Java.
Siobhan O'Neill
Siobhan O'Neill is an English actress and musician born in Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire. She is notable for her work in television, including Thor: The Dark World, TV sitcom Him and Her, TV sitcom Not Going Out starring Lee Mack and BBC TV medical series Holby City. Siobhan O'Neill is also the drummer for all-sister rock band Kyneska (formerly Emerald Sky). She has recently filmed the role of the Housemaid in The Suspicions of Mr Whicher - The murder in Angel Lane, alongside Olivia Colman and Paddy Considine, directed by Christopher Menaul for Hat Trick Productions and ITV.

Christopher Menaul
Christopher Menaul (born 25 July 1944) is a British film, television director and television writer. Since the late 1970s, Menaul has amassed credits in episodic television and by directing television films.
Gran Enciclopedia de Andalucía
Gran Enciclopedia de Andalucía is a Spanish encyclopedia focused in Andalusia region. It has 10 volumes, and it was coordinated by José María Javierre and Manuel Ángel Vázquez Medel.

Junta de Andalucía bought the encyclopedia in 1985.

Regional Government of Andalusia
The Regional Government of Andalusia (Spanish: Junta de Andalucía) is the government of the Autonomous Community of Andalusia. It consists of the Parliament, the President of the Regional Government and the Government Council. The 2011 budget was 31.7 billion euros. It employs about 500,000 workers.
Mieczewo
Mieczewo [mjɛˈt͡ʂɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mosina, within Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.

The village exists at least since the 13th century. Before the late 14th century, a parish was established there. According to historical records, in 1510 the parish included Dobiertki, Góra, Czołowo and Ożyczewo, which no longer exists. In 1614 all the villages became a part of the Bnin parish, and in 1639 the ruined church in Mieczewo was demolished.

In the late 19th century, the village was composed of 38 farms, with 455 inhabitants. At least 30 people from this village emigrated to Michigan at that time.

Currently the village has a population of about 500.

Poznań County
Poznań County (Polish: powiat poznański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Poznań, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county's administrative offices (starostwo powiatowe) are in the Jeżyce neighbourhood of Poznań.
Gwacheon station
Gwacheon Station (Korean: 과천역) is a station on the Seoul Subway Line 4 in South Korea. Despite its name, it is not the principal train station serving the city of Gwacheon; the next station on Line 4 is.

Seoul Subway Line 4
Seoul Subway Line 4 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a long line crossing from the southwest to the northeast across the Seoul Metropolitan Area. The central section in Seoul City is operated by Seoul Metro with some trains offering through service to Korail's Ansan and Gwacheon Lines. The southern terminus (Oido) is in Jeongwang 4-dong, Siheung City, and the northern terminus (Jinjeop) is in Jinjeop-eup, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do; the newly built northern section (officially called the Jinjeop Line) is correspondingly owned by a company owned by Namyangju-si, with operations contracted to Seoul Metro. In 2022, the Seoul Metro operated section (excluding the Jinjeop Line) had an annual ridership of 219,587,000 or about 601,608 passengers per day.

Express train service stops at all stations between Danggogae and Sanbon, then at Sangnoksu, Jungang, Choji, Ansan, Jeongwang, and Oido. The express service only operates during rush hours on weekdays.
Doug Grindstaff
Douglas Howard Grindstaff (April 6, 1931 – July 23, 2018) was an American sound editor. He won five Primetime Emmy Awards and was nominated for nine more in the category Outstanding Sound Editing for his work on the television programs Star Trek: The Original Series, The Immortal, Mannix, Mission: Impossible, Medical Story, The Quest, The Fantastic Journey, Police Story, Fantasy Island and Max Headroom, and also the television films The Last Hurrah, To Kill a Cop, A Fire in the Sky and Power. Grindstaff died in July 2018 in Peoria, Arizona, at the age of 87.

The Fantastic Journey
The Fantastic Journey is an American science fiction television series that was originally aired on NBC from February 3 through June 16, 1977. It was originally intended to run 13 episodes, as a mid-season replacement, but NBC cancelled the series in April, after the ninth episode aired. A tenth episode, already produced, was broadcast two months later.
Love, Wedding, Marriage
Love, Wedding, Marriage is a 2011 American romantic comedy film directed by Dermot Mulroney in his feature film directorial debut. It stars Mandy Moore, Kellan Lutz, James Brolin, Jane Seymour and Christopher Lloyd. It was released on June 3, 2011.

Kellan Lutz
Kellan Christopher Lutz (born March 15, 1985) is an American actor, martial artist and model. He made his film debut in Stick It (2006), and is best known for playing Emmett Cullen in The Twilight Saga film series (2008–2012). He has since played Poseidon in the 2011 film Immortals, voiced the title character in the 2013 animated film Tarzan, also played John Smilee in The Expendables 3 (2014), and Hercules in The Legend of Hercules (2014). He co-starred in the CBS action thriller series FBI: Most Wanted (2020–2021).
Durban Airport
Durban Airport can refer to one of three airports:

King Shaka International Airport (IATA: DUR, ICAO: FALE), the primary airport serving the Durban area

Durban International Airport (formerly Louis Botha Airport), the airport serving Durban from 1951 to 2010

Stamford Hill Aerodrome (also known as Durban Municipal Airport), the original airport serving Durban from 1927 to the 1950s.

Durban International Airport
Durban International Airport (formerly Louis Botha Airport) was the international airport of Durban from 1951 until 2010, when it was replaced by King Shaka International Airport, 60 kilometres (37 mi) to the north. The airport is co-located with AFB Durban.
Kemal Kirişci
Kemal Kirişci  is the TÜSİAD senior fellow and director of the Center on the United States and Europe's Turkey Project at The Brookings Institution, with an expertise in Turkish foreign policy and migration studies. Until recently, he was a professor at the Department of Political Science and International Relations at Boğaziçi University, Istanbul. He holds a Jean Monnet Chair in European Integration and is also the director of the Center for European Studies at the university. He has previously taught at universities in Great Britain, Switzerland, and the United States. Kirişci received his Ph.D. at City University in London in 1986.

Jean Monnet Programme
The Jean Monnet Programme, also known as the Jean Monnet Project or Jean Monnet Actions, is a European Union initiative to encourage teaching, research and reflection in the field of European integration studies in higher education institutions. It is named for Jean Monnet, regarded by many as a chief architect of European Unity. It is part of the European Union's education, youth and sports programme Erasmus+. There are additional funds to increase the participation of higher education institutions from countries outside the European Union as part of the EU partnership instrument, which is specifically designed to promote the Union's strategic interests worldwide by reinforcing its external strategies, policies and actions.
Michael Coleman (hurler)
Michael Coleman (8 August 1963 – 7 February 2025) was an Irish hurler who played for the Abbeyknockmoy club and at senior level for the Galway county team. With Galway he won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship in 1988.

Captain (Gaelic games)
A captain of a Gaelic games team, sometimes known as a skipper, is a player who, during the course of a match as well as before and after it, has several additional roles and responsibilities over and above those of his teammates.

Tradition means that some teams rotate the captaincy annually, though others may adopt a permanent captain. As well as being an onfield leader, a captain takes the coin toss and raises the trophy when this is the game's prize.