hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Department of International Relations, Sakarya University
The Department of International Relations at Sakarya University, located at the Esentepe campus, Serdivan, Sakarya, provides undergraduate and graduate education about international politics. As a department within Faculty of Political Sciences, it has an integrated curriculum with other departments of this faculty such as public administration, and economics. Established in 1997, the department of international relations has more than 4.000 alumni including business leaders, journalists, diplomats, district governors, and academics. The department has 14 full-time faculty and 6 research assistants.

Burhanettin Duran
Burhanettin Duran (born 1971) is a Turkish scholar and diplomat serving as Turkey's deputy foreign minister since 2024. His academic work specializes on the transformation of political Islam under Turkey's Justice and Development Party (AKP). He previously chaired the International Relations Department at Sakarya University and served as the general director of the Foundation for Political, Economic and Social Research (SETA). Since 2018, he has been a member of the Presidential Security and Foreign Policies Council.
Srednje Bitnje
Srednje Bitnje (pronounced [ˈsɾeːdnjɛ ˈbiːtnjɛ]; German: Mitterfeichting) is a village south of Kranj in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

The local church, built in a field outside the village, is dedicated to Saint Ursula.

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
Abd al-Shakur-i Ayat
Abd al-Shakur-i Ayat (Persian: عبد الشکورِ آیت: 1817/18–1889) was a qazi (religious judge) in the Emirate of Bukhara. From 1879 until his death, he served as the qazi kalan (chief justice) of the entire emirate. He was the father of Sadr-i Ziya, and grandfather of Muhammadjon Shakuri.

Emirate of Bukhara
The Emirate of Bukhara was an Uzbek absolute monarchy in Central Asia that existed from 1785 to 1920 in what is now parts of Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan. It occupied the land between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers, known formerly as Transoxiana. Its core territory was the fertile land along the lower Zarafshon river, and its urban centres were the ancient cities of Samarqand and the emirate's capital, Bukhara. It was contemporaneous with the Khanate of Khiva to the west, in Khwarazm, and the Khanate of Kokand to the east, in Fergana. In 1920, it ceased to exist with the establishment of the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic. The Turco-Mongol tribe of Uzbeks known as "Manghits" were the rulers.
Charles Lane (journalist)
Charles Lane (born 1961) is an American journalist and editor who is the deputy editor at The Free Press and a regular guest on the Fox News Channel. He was the editor of The New Republic from 1997 to 1999 and the deputy opinion editor for The Washington Post from 2000 to 2024. During his tenure at The New Republic, Lane oversaw the work of Stephen Glass, a staff reporter who fabricated portions of all or some of the 41 articles he had written for the magazine, in one of the largest fabrication scandals of contemporary American journalism. After leaving the New Republic, Lane went to work for the Post, where, from 2000 to 2007, he covered the Supreme Court of the United States and issues related to the criminal justice system and judicial matters. He has since joined the newspaper's editorial page.

The Free Press (CBS News)
The Free Press (The FP; formerly Common Sense) is an American media company based in New York City. Founded by opinion writer Bari Weiss and her spouse Nellie Bowles, the company started as a newsletter in 2021, and grew into an associated media company in 2022. It is currently a division of CBS News, whose current parent company Paramount Skydance acquired it in 2025 for $150 million.
My Two Wives
My Two Wives is an Australian situation comedy series produced by Gary Reilly Productions in 1992.

The situation of My Two Wives involved a divorced man who moves into an apartment with his new wife and her daughter, only to learn that his ex-wife resides in the apartment directly below.

The cast included Peter Fisher, Patrick Ward, Linda Newton, Morna Seres, Kym Valentine, Brett Blewitt.

The series debuted in Australia 8 September 1992. Only a moderate ratings success, the program was not renewed beyond its initial series of 13 half-hour episodes.

The series was shown on Carlton Select for a time between 1996 and 1997.

Peter Fisher (actor)
Peter Fisher is an Australian film and television actor who was most active in the period from the mid-1970s to the late-1990s. In the early 1990s he started to move into the area of corporate communications. In 1995 he created "Act One!" (Act One Theatre based Learning Pty Ltd) in Sydney, a company that specialises in corporate training and development. In the early 2000s he became involved with The University of New South Wales' Australian Graduate School of Management, particularly the Middle Manager Program.

Born in Katoomba, New South Wales, he studied architecture at Sydney University, graduating in 1974.
Colin Doyle (lacrosse)
Colin "Popeye" Doyle (born September 8, 1977) is a Canadian former professional lacrosse player and captain for the Toronto Rock of the National Lacrosse League and the Six Nations Chiefs of Major Series Lacrosse.

National Lacrosse League
The National Lacrosse League (NLL) is a professional box lacrosse league in North America. The league comprises 14 teams – 7 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NLL is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The NLL ranks third in average attendance for pro indoor sports worldwide, behind only the National Hockey League (NHL) and National Basketball Association (NBA). Unlike other box lacrosse leagues, which play in the summer, the NLL plays its games in the winter and spring, from December to June. Each year, the playoff teams battle for the National Lacrosse League Cup. The NLL has averaged between 8,900 and 10,700 spectators per game each year since 2004.
Cameraman Gangatho Rambabu (soundtrack)
Cameraman Gangatho Rambabu is the soundtrack of the 2012 political action film of the same name directed by Puri Jagannadh starring Pawan Kalyan, Tamannaah Bhatia, Prakash Raj, and Kota Srinivasa Rao in the lead roles. The soundtrack is composed by Mani Sharma who marks his fourth collaboration with Jagannath and Kalyan. All lyrics were penned by Bhaskarabhatla Ravikumar while Hemachandra, Karunya, Geetha Madhuri, Sravana Bhargavi, Chaitra, Khushi Murali, Narendra and Sri Krishna crooned for the film for 6 tracks which also included a special song named "Power Song" composed, written and crooned by rapper Baba Sehgal as a tribute to Kalyan. The audio was released through Aditya Music Label directly into the stores on 2 October 2012. The audio received positive response.

Cameraman Gangatho Rambabu
Cameraman Gangatho Rambabu (transl. Rambabu with Cameraman Ganga) is a 2012 Indian Telugu-language  political action film written and directed by Puri Jagannadh. The film stars Pawan Kalyan, Tamannaah Bhatia, and Gabriela Bertante, Prakash Raj and Kota Srinivasa Rao. Mani Sharma composed the soundtrack and background score, while Shyam K. Naidu and S. R. Shekhar handled the cinematography and editing. It was the second collaboration between Pawan and Puri after 12 years since Badri (2000).

Cameraman Gangatho Rambabu was theatrically released worldwide on 18 October 2012, garnering positive reviews from critics. The film gross ₹59.8 crore and became a box-office hit.
Christine K. Cassel
Christine K. Cassel is an American physician, author, and professor specializing in geriatric medicine, medical ethics and quality of care. She is a Professor of Medicine at University of California, San Francisco. She was planning dean of the new Kaiser Permanente School of Medicine from 2016-2018. Until March 2016, she was president and CEO of the National Quality Forum. Previously, Cassel served as president and CEO of the American Board of Internal Medicine and the ABIM Foundation.

Choosing Wisely
Choosing Wisely is a United States–based health educational campaign, led by the ABIM Foundation (American Board of Internal Medicine), about unnecessary health care.

The campaign identifies over 500 tests and procedures and encourages doctors and patients to discuss, research, and possibly get second opinions, before proceeding with them. To conduct the campaign, the ABIM Foundation asks medical specialty societies to make five to ten recommendations for preventing overuse of a treatment in their field. The foundation then publicizes this information, and the medical specialty societies disseminate it to their members.

The campaign has garnered both praise and criticism, and some of its ideas have spread to other countries. It does not include evaluation of its effects on costs, on discussions or on medical outcomes. Some doctors have said they lack time for the recommended discussions.
Makaibari
Makaibari  is a village development committee in Dolakha District in the Janakpur Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,744 people living in 788 individual households.

Janakpur Zone
Janakpur Zone (Nepali: जनकपुर अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal, reaching from the Indian border in the south to the Tibetan border in the north and Sagarmatha Zone in the east and Bagmati and Naryani Zones in the west.

The headquarters of Janakpur Zone and its main city was Janakpur. Close to the Indian border, it is a historic city of Hinduism. The city is believed to have been the capital city of King Janaka, the father-in-law of Lord Rama, the son of the then king of Ayodhya, Dasharatha. The city was then called 'Mithila Nagari'. The name of Janakpur zone is related to the historic King Janaka and his capital Janakpur.

Other cities within Janakpur Zone are Kamalamai (in Inner Terai), Manthali (in Hill), Bhimeshwor (in Himalaya) and Bardibas, Dhalkebar, Jaleshwor, Malangwa, Hariwan, Lalbandi, Gaushala Bazar and Matihani (Outer Terai).
Not in Nottingham
"Not in Nottingham" is a song from Walt Disney's animated film Robin Hood written and performed by Roger Miller. The performance by Miller, with narration provided by the minstrel rooster Alan-a-Dale, takes place in the rain while the poor are imprisoned. It is one of three songs sung in the film by Miller, the others being "Whistle-Stop" and "Oo-De-Lally".

The song was covered by Los Lobos for their 2009 album Los Lobos Goes Disney. Mumford & Sons also did a rendition of the song during their sessions with Daytrotter in 2012. Watkins Family Hour has long played the song as part of its live repertoire and released a studio version on their 2015 debut album.

Daytrotter
Daytrotter was a recording studio, music venue and subscription-based music discovery website located in Atlanta, United States. It hosted recording sessions with indie music acts.

The original studio in Rock Island, Illinois, was founded in 2006 by Sean Moeller. It later moved to Davenport, Iowa and in 2019 moved to Atlanta, Georgia.

The sessions can be compared to that of a radio station's lounge recordings, where musicians passing through the town can record live in the studio. Given their tendency to offer an eclectic sampling of music as well as their production style the sessions have been compared to that of the Peel Sessions.

Currently, the Daytrotter website is owned by Paste, and redirects to the magazine's website. Daytrotter is no longer actively recording sessions with the last Daytrotter music session released on March 6, 2019.
Celia W. Dugger
Celia Williams Dugger (born July 3, 1958, in Austin, Texas) is an American journalist who is deputy science editor of The New York Times.

Along with her husband Barry Bearak, currently a New York Times staff writer and visiting professor at Columbia University, Dugger served as co-bureau chief of The New York Times South Asia bureau in New Delhi from 1998 to 2002. From 2008 to 2011, she and Bearak became bureau chiefs in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Ms. Dugger is the daughter of Jean and Ronnie Dugger, the founding editor of the influential Texas Observer.

The Texas Observer
The Texas Observer (also known as the Observer) is an American magazine with a liberal political outlook. The Observer is published bimonthly by a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, the Texas Democracy Foundation. It is based in Austin, Texas.

On March 27, 2023, it announced that it was ceasing publication. However, on March 29, it was announced that publication will continue following a successful crowdfunding campaign by staff.
Udachny
Udachny (Russian: Удачный, IPA: [ʊˈdatɕnɨj], lit. successful or lucky; Yakut: Удачнай, Udaçnay) is a town in Mirninsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Markha River, 508 kilometers (316 mi) from Mirny, the administrative center of the district. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 12,613.

Markha (Vilyuy)
Markha (Russian: Марха́; Yakut: Марха өрүс, Marxa örüs) is a river in the Sakha Republic in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Vilyuy (in the drainage basin of the Lena). The Markha is 1,181 kilometres (734 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 99,000 square kilometres (38,000 sq mi). Its average discharge is 405 cubic metres per second (14,300 cu ft/s).
PASLI disease
PASLI disease is a rare genetic disorder of the immune system. PASLI stands for “p110 delta activating mutation causing senescent T cells, lymphadenopathy, and immunodeficiency.” The immunodeficiency manifests as recurrent infections usually starting in childhood. These include bacterial infections of the respiratory system and chronic viremia due to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and/or cytomegalovirus (CMV). Individuals with PASLI disease also have an increased risk of EBV-associated lymphoma. Investigators Carrie Lucas, Michael Lenardo, and Gulbu Uzel at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and Sergey Nejentsev at the University of Cambridge, UK simultaneously described a mutation causing this condition, which they called activated PI3K delta syndrome (APDS).

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID, /ˈnaɪ.æd/) is one of the 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH), an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. NIAID's mission is to conduct basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases.

NIAID has on-campus laboratories in Maryland and Hamilton, Montana, and funds research conducted by scientists at institutions in the United States and throughout the world. NIAID also works closely with partners in academia, industry, government, and non-governmental organizations in multifaceted and multidisciplinary efforts to address emerging health challenges such as the H1N1/09 pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Denza (musician)
Dimitri van Bronswijk (born March 14, 1993), known professionally as Denza, is a Dutch music producer. His obsession for the Harder Styles convinced him to produce music himself in 2009.

In the beginning of 2013, Marcel Woods of 2-Dutch discovered Denza's tracks and signed him at his own record label Dutch Master Works. From there, Denza started to develop his own sound - Euphoric Hardstyle - which reached the ears of Q-dance, Scantraxx, and Be Yourself Music. After that, Denza released his music on Derailed Traxx, X-Bone, and Gearbox. Denza signed with Dirty Workz at the start of 2016.

Q-dance
Q-dance is a Dutch company that organizes events and festivals that focuses on the harder styles of dance music – mainly hardstyle, hardcore, and hard trance. Popular events and festivals organized by Q-dance are Defqon.1 Festival, Qlimax and Dominator. Q-Dance has organized multiple events and festivals in the past such as Qapital, The Qontinent, Impaqt, Q-Base, EPIQ, and X-Qlusive. The events of Q-dance are easily identified by the letter “Q” on the event names. The 'Q' in Q-dance stands for quality. The logo of Q-dance is inspired by the knobs on DJ mixers, which if turned 120 degrees to the right creates the letter “Q”.
Eminox
Eminox Limited is an English firm which designs and manufactures high performance stainless steel exhaust and emission control systems for bus, truck, rail and off-highway vehicles. The company was started in 1978, and is based in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, England.

The name 'Eminox' is derived from the initials of two founders, Norman Emerson and David Milles, and 'Inox' which refers to "stainless steel".

Exhaust system
An exhaust system is used to guide reaction exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine or stove. The entire system conveys burnt gases from the engine and includes one or more exhaust pipes. Depending on the overall system design, the exhaust gas may flow through one or more of the following:

Cylinder head and exhaust manifold

A turbocharger to increase engine power.

A catalytic converter to reduce air pollution.

A muffler (North America/Australia) / silencer (UK/India), to reduce noise.
Bhupinder Singh Thakur
Lieutenant General Bhupinder Singh Thakur PVSM, AVSM (born 20 March 1946), or Bhopinder Singh, is a retired officer of the Indian Army who served as the 26th Vice Chief of the Army Staff from January to September 2005. He also served as General Officer Commanding of II Corps,  Director General of the Assam Rifles and Lieutenant Governor of The Andaman and Nicobar Islands. He was the former military secretary to president K. R. Narayanan and to President A. P. J. Abdul Kalam. He was the former military, naval and air attaché for East and Southern Africa headquartered at Addis Ababa. He currently resides in Chandigarh in India.

II Corps (India)
II Corps is a corps of the Indian Army, based in Ambala and known as Kharga Corps.

The Corps was raised on October 7, 1971 by Lt Gen T N Raina at Krishna Nagar in West Bengal and saw action two months later in December. During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, it captured the important towns of Khulna, Jessore, Jhenida, Magura and Faridpur and also the area between the rivers Ganges and Padma. Subsequently, the Corps was shifted to the Western Theatre where it was initially located at Chandimandir Cantonment till 1984, and then moved to Ambala in January 1985.
Temporena whartoni
Temporena whartoni, common name the Holbourne Island banded snail,  is a species of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Camaenidae.

This species is endemic to Australia.

Camaenidae
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora.

These snails occur in a wide variety of habitats in the tropics of Eastern Asia and Australasia.

A large American group, which is mainly represented by species from the Caribbean, has, until recently, also been subsumed under the Camaenidae. However, latest molecular phylogenetic studies showed that these species represent a different family, the Pleurodontidae.

This molecular study also implies that the Bradybaeninae, previously treated as a distinct family within the Helicoidea, is a junior synonym of the Camaenidae.
2025 BNP Paribas Open – Women's doubles
Asia Muhammad and Demi Schuurs defeated Tereza Mihalíková and Olivia Nicholls in the final, 6–2, 7–6(7–4) to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2025 Indian Wells Open.

Hsieh Su-wei and Elise Mertens were the defending champions, but chose to compete with different partners this year. Hsieh partnered Zhang Shuai, but lost in the semifinals to Mihalíková and Nicholls. Mertens partnered Nadiia Kichenok, but lost in the first round to Anna Kalinskaya and Caty McNally.

Asia Muhammad
Asia Muhammad (born April 4, 1991) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. She has been ranked as high as world No. 8 in doubles by the WTA, achieved on March 17, 2025.
Muhammad has won 13 doubles titles on the WTA Tour including the 2024 Cincinnati WTA 1000 title with Erin Routliffe and the 2025 Indian Wells with Demi Schuurs.

She also reached the finals in 2022 Indian Wells with Ena Shibahara and in 2024 Wuhan with Jessica Pegula. In addition, Muhammad has won five doubles titles on the Challenger Tour and 35 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. In singles she has a career-high No. 124, achieved on April 24, 2017 and has won 14 ITF singles titles.
Dioscoro L. Umali
Dioscoro Lopez Umali (November 17, 1917 – July 1, 1992) was a Filipino agriculturalist and National Scientist of the Philippines awardee, known as "the Father of Philippine Plant Breeding." He was awarded several international honors and distinctions for his outstanding achievements and improvements of rice, corn and other economic plants. The International Rice Research Institute named a laboratory in his honor.

Umali died on July 1, 1992, at the Makati Medical Center in Makati.

International Rice Research Institute
The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) is an international agricultural research and training organization with its headquarters in Los Baños, Philippines, and offices in seventeen countries. IRRI is known for its work in developing rice varieties that contributed to the Green Revolution in the 1960s which preempted the famine in Asia.

The institute, established in 1960 aims to reduce poverty and hunger, improve the health of rice farmers and consumers, and ensure environmental sustainability of rice farming. It advances its mission through collaborative research, partnerships, and the strengthening of the national agricultural research and extension systems of the countries IRRI works in.

IRRI is one of 15 agricultural research centers in the world that form the CGIAR Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers, a global partnership of organizations engaged in research on food security. It is also the largest non-profit agricultural research center in Asia.
Metroweb Italia
Metroweb Italia S.p.A. (formerly F2i Reti TLC S.p.A.) was a fiber-optic network operator based in Milan, Italy. It was the holding that controlled Metroweb Milano, Metroweb Genova, Metroweb Sviluppo and Metrobit.

Founded in 2011, Metroweb Italia was a joint venture between F2i (53.83%) and Cassa Depositi e Prestiti via FSI Investimenti (46.17%). It was known for its fiber-optic cabling and offered a wide range of dark fiber services to operators and companies of all kinds.

In 2017 it was merged into Enel Open Fiber.

Dark fibre
A dark fibre or unlit fibre is an unused optical fibre, available for use in fibre-optic communication. Dark fibre may be leased from a network service provider.

Dark fibre originally referred to the potential network capacity of telecommunication infrastructure. Because the marginal cost of installing additional fibre optic cables is very low once a trench has been dug or conduit laid, a great excess of fibre was installed in the US during the telecom boom of the late 1990s and early 2000s. This excess capacity was later referred to as dark fibre following the dot-com crash of the early 2000s that briefly reduced demand for high-speed data transmission.

These unused fibre optic cables later created a new market for unique private services that could not be accommodated on lit fibre cables (i.e., cables used in traditional long-distance communication).