hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wadsworth's cipher
Wadsworth's cipher, or  Wheatstone's cipher, was a cipher invented by Decius Wadsworth, a Colonel in the United States Army Ordnance Corps. In 1817, he developed a progressive cipher system based on a 1790 design by Thomas Jefferson, establishing a method that was continuously improved upon and used until the end of World War II.

Wadsworth's system involved a set of two disks, one inside the other, where the outer disk had the 26 letters of the alphabet and the numbers 2-8, and the inner disk had only the 26 letters. The disks were geared together at a ratio of 26:33.  To encipher a message, the inner disk was turned until the desired letter was at the top position, with the number of turns required for the result transmitted as ciphertext. Due to the gearing, a ciphertext substitution for a character did not repeat until all 33 characters for the plaintext letter had been used. A similar device was invented by Charles Wheatstone several years after Wadsworth.

Charles Wheatstone
Sir Charles Wheatstone (/ˈwiːtstən/; 6 February 1802 – 19 October 1875) was an English physicist and inventor best known for his contributions to the development of the Wheatstone bridge, originally invented by Samuel Hunter Christie, which is used to measure an unknown electrical resistance, and as a major figure in the development of telegraphy. His other contributions include the English concertina, the stereoscope (a device for displaying three-dimensional images) and the Playfair cipher (an encryption technique).
Lee Metcalf National Wildlife Refuge
Lee Metcalf National Wildlife Refuge is a 2,800-acre (1,100 ha) National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) along the Bitterroot River in southwestern Montana, U.S. Established in 1964 as Ravalli NWR, it was renamed in 1978 in honor of the late Senator Lee Metcalf, a native of Montana. The refuge was set aside for the protection of migratory bird species. About 235 species of birds have been documented on the refuge, with over 100 nesting there. Additionally, 37 species of mammals, and 17 species of reptiles and amphibians also have been documented.

The refuge's wildlife viewing area covers 160 acres (65 ha) of wetlands and riparian woodland. It includes two nature trails and a paved, wheelchair-accessible trail from the parking lot to the picnic area. The viewing area is equipped with a viewing and fishing structure, outdoor restroom facilities, benches, and an information kiosk.

One of the nature trails, the Lee Metcalf Wildlife Viewing Trail, was designated as a National Recreation Trail.

National Wildlife Refuge
The National Wildlife Refuge System is a system of protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency within the Department of the Interior. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife, and plants.
Steinar Gullvåg
Steinar Gullvåg (born 27 October 1946 in Trondheim) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Vestfold in 2005.

Gullvåg was a member of Nøtterøy municipality council from 1979 to 1987 and 2003 to 2007.

The son of Eigil Gullvåg, long-time editor of the newspaper Arbeider-Avisa, Steinar Gullvåg originally worked as a journalist, starting in Arbeider-Avisa. He took over as editor-in-chief in Hardanger Folkeblad 1973–1977 and in Vestfold Arbeiderblad 1977–1983. From 1994 to 2005 he was information director of the Directorate of Public Roads.

Hardanger Folkeblad
Hardanger Folkeblad is a Norwegian newspaper, published in Odda in Vestland, and covering Ullensvang Municipality and Eidfjord Municipality. The newspaper was founded in 1940, and its first editor was Leif Granli until it was halted by the German occupants in July 1941. After the Second World War there was a merge with Communist controlled Hardanger Arbeiderblad from 1945 to 1949, when the cooperation ended, and Hardanger Folkeblad continued as a separate newspaper. The newspaper is issued three times a week. It had a circulation of 5,499 in 2008.
Radeon HD 2000 series
The graphics processing unit (GPU) codenamed Radeon R600 is the foundation of the Radeon HD 2000 series and the FireGL 2007 series video cards developed by ATI Technologies. The HD 2000 cards competed with nVidia's GeForce 8 series.

Shader
In computer graphics, a shader is a programmable operation which is applied to data as it moves through the rendering pipeline. Shaders can act on data such as vertices and primitives—to generate or morph geometry—and fragments –to calculate the values in a rendered image.

Shaders can execute a wide variety of operations and can run on different types of hardware. In modern real-time computer graphics, shaders are run on graphics processing units (GPUs) –dedicated hardware which provides highly parallel execution of programs. As rendering an image is embarrassingly parallel, fragment and pixel shaders scale well on SIMD hardware. Historically, the drive for faster rendering has produced highly-parallel processors which can in turn be used for other SIMD amenable algorithms. Such shaders executing in a compute pipeline are commonly called compute shaders.
SF Holding
SF Holding Co., Limited is a Chinese multinational integrated logistics service provider headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province offering a wide range of services, including express, freight, cold chain logistics, Intra-city on-demand delivery, supply chain solutions, and international logistics. Its business covers 339 prefecture-level cities across China and operates in over 200 countries. It operates 99 cargo aircraft and over 200,000 vehicles, making it the largest air and land transport fleet in Asia. It owns SF Airlines the largest cargo airline in China.

SF Holding's business model includes direct operations, integrated capabilities, and third-party independence. It is listed on Shenzhen Stock Exchange and is included in the CSI 300 and MSCI Emerging Markets Index constituents. It has four listed companies: Kerry Logistics, SF Intra-city, SF REIT and KEX Express (Thailand) (KEX). In 2023, it recorded a net profit of RMB 8.2 billion.

SF Airlines
SF Airlines (Chinese: 顺丰航空公司; pinyin: Shùnfēng Hángkōng gōngsī) is a Chinese cargo airline owned by SF Express (Group) Co. The company is headquartered in the No.1 Freight Depot of the International Shipping Center of Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, Guangdong province.
Mike Andrews
Michael Jay Andrews (born July 9, 1943) is an American former professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as an infielder for the Boston Red Sox, Chicago White Sox and Oakland Athletics. After his playing career, he served for more than 25 years as chairman of The Jimmy Fund, an event fundraising organization affiliated with the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Massachusetts. He is the older brother of Rob Andrews, who played five seasons in MLB from 1975 through 1979.

Fundraising
Fundraising or fund-raising is the process of seeking and gathering voluntary financial contributions by engaging individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies. Although fundraising typically refers to efforts to gather money for non-profit organizations, it is sometimes used to refer to the identification and solicitation of investors or other sources of capital for for-profit enterprises.

Traditionally, fundraising has consisted mostly of asking for donations through face-to-face fundraising, such as door-knocking. In recent years, though, new forms such as online fundraising or grassroots fundraising have emerged.
Ando Jubei
Ando Jubei (1876–1956) was a Japanese cloisonné artist from Nagoya. Along with Hayashi Kodenji, he dominated Nagoya's enameling industry in the late Meiji era. Ando, Namikawa Yasuyuki, and Namikawa Sōsuke are considered the three artists whose technical innovations brought in the "Golden Age for Japanese cloisonné" in the late 19th century.

Ando was the Meiji era's most prolific creator of presentation wares: artworks that were commissioned by members of the Imperial Family for presentation to foreign dignitaries.
He exhibited at the Japan–British Exhibition of 1910.

His work is held in the collections of the Walters Art Museum, the Ashmolean Museum and in the Khalili Collection of Japanese Art.

The Ando Cloisonné Company continues his work.

Ashmolean Museum
The Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology (/æʃˈmoʊliən, ˌæʃməˈliːən/) on Beaumont Street in Oxford, England, is Britain's first public museum. Its first building was erected in 1678–1683 to house the cabinet of curiosities that Elias Ashmole gave to the University of Oxford in 1677. It is also the world's second university museum, after the establishment of the Kunstmuseum Basel in 1661 by the University of Basel.

The present building was built between 1841 and 1845. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment, and in November 2011, new galleries focusing on Egypt and Nubia were unveiled. In May 2016, the museum redisplayed galleries of 19th-century art.
María Inés Obaldía
María Inés Obaldía Miraballes (born 20 June 1959) is a Uruguayan television presenter, educator, producer, journalist and politician, public serving as Director of Culture of the Municipality of Montevideo since 27 November 2020.

Canal 10 (Uruguay)
Channel 10 (Canal Diez, legally known as SAETA TV Canal 10) is a Uruguayan free-to-air television network based in Montevideo. It began broadcasting in 1956 as the first television broadcaster in the country and the fourth in Latin America. Its owned and operated by Sociedad Anónima Emisora de Emisión Televisión y Anexos (Spanish for 'Public Limited Company Broadcasting Television Broadcasting and Annexes'). The network's headquarters are in the Palermo neighbourhood.
Japan Society for Cell Biology
The Japan Society for Cell Biology is a professional society for cell biology that was founded in 1950. It has published the journal Cell Structure and Function since 1975. It also organises an annual cell biology symposium.

Professional association
A professional association (also called  a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms.
Andreas Evjen
Andreas Evjen (born 25 May 1969) is a Norwegian former footballer who played as a defender.

He spent his career in Mjølner, Bodø/Glimt and Start, amassing 150 Eliteserien games for Bodø/Glimt.

He is the brother of footballer Thomas Evjen and father of Henrik and Håkon Evjen (twins), whom he also coached. He has also sat on Mjølner's sports committee.

FK Mjølner
FK Mjølner is a Norwegian football club based in the town of Narvik in Narvik Municipality, Nordland county, Norway. It currently plays in the 4. divisjon, after having been relegated from the 3. divisjon in 2024. The club played at the top tier in 1972 and 1989.
Shake, Rattle and Roll 8
Shake, Rattle and Roll 8 is a 2006 Filipino horror anthology film directed by Rahyan Q. Carlos, Topel Lee, and Michael Tuviera, and the eighth installment of the Shake, Rattle & Roll film series. It is produced by Regal Entertainment, and was an entry to the 2006 Metro Manila Film Festival.

The film has three segments: party organizers encounter ghost children at a birthday celebration; a boy discovers his new nanny is a monster; and LRT passengers are attacked by a mutant creature.

The ninth installment, Shake, Rattle and Roll 9, was released in 2007.

Light Rail Transit Authority
The Light Rail Transit Authority (LRTA) is a public transport operator that is responsible for the construction, operation, maintenance and/or lease of Manila Light Rail Transit System in the Philippines. It is organized as a government-owned and controlled corporation under the Department of Transportation (DOTr) as an attached agency.
Gloria Chinasa
Gloria Chinasa Okoro (listenⓘ, born 8 December 1987) is a former footballer who plays as a forward. Born and raised in Nigeria to Nigerian parents, she capped for the Equatorial Guinea women's national team.

2012 African Women's Championship
The 2012 African Women's Championship was a football competition, which was organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF). The final tournament was held in from 28 October to 11 November in Equatorial Guinea.
Guion Bluford
Guion Stewart Blueford Jr. (born November 22, 1942) is an American aerospace engineer, retired United States Air Force (USAF) officer and fighter pilot, and former NASA astronaut, in which capacity he became the first African American to go to space. While assigned to NASA, he remained a USAF officer rising to the rank of colonel. He participated in four Space Shuttle flights between 1983 and 1992. In 1983, as a member of the crew of the Orbiter  Challenger on the mission STS-8, he became the first African American in space as well as the second black person in space, after Cuban cosmonaut Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez.

New Mexico Museum of Space History
The New Mexico Museum of Space History (NMMSH) is a museum and planetarium complex in Alamogordo, New Mexico, United States, dedicated to artifacts and displays related to space flight and the Space Age. It includes the International Space Hall of Fame. The Museum of Space History highlights the role that New Mexico has had in the U. S. space program, and is one of eight museums administered by the New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs. The museum has been accredited by American Alliance of Museums since 1993.: 55  The museum is also a Smithsonian Affiliate.

The museum is the resting place of Ham, the chimpanzee who, in 1961, became the first great ape to fly into space.
Skrzypaczowice
Skrzypaczowice [skʂɨpat͡ʂɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łoniów, within Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-east of Łoniów, 19 km (12 mi) south-west of Sandomierz, and 75 km (47 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Sandomierz
Sandomierz (pronounced: [sanˈdɔmjɛʂ] ⓘ; Latin: Sandomiria, Yiddish: צויזמר, צוזמיר, romanized: Tsouzmer, Tsoyzmer) is a historic town in south-eastern Poland with 23,863 inhabitants (as of 2017), situated on the Vistula River near its confluence with the San, in the Sandomierz Basin. It is the capital of Sandomierz County within the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Sandomierz is known for its preserved Old Town, a major cultural and tourist attraction which the President of Poland declared a National Monument of Poland in 2017.

In the past, Sandomierz was one of the most important urban centers not only of Lesser Poland, but also of the whole country. It was a royal city of the Polish Crown and functioned as a regional administrative centre from the High Middle Ages to the 19th century.
Cape Espichel
Cape Espichel (pronounced [(i)ʃpiˈʃɛl]) is a cape situated on the western coast of the civil parish of Castelo, municipality of Sesimbra, in the Portuguese district of Setúbal, at the very southwestern corner of the Setubal Peninsula. It is characterized by a very acute protrusion of the coastline into the Atlantic Ocean, and it consists of a promontory plateau, over 130 meters above sea level, defined by dramatic, sheer cliffs all around the delimitation of the cape against the ocean.
The location offers elevated sweeping views, from Cascais and the Sintra Mountains, and the Caparica coast to the north, and to the southeast the beaches south of Tróia and beyond to Sines.
Cape Espichel is part of several overlapping environmental protection areas.

Setúbal Peninsula
The Setúbal Peninsula (Portuguese: Península de Setúbal) is a peninsula in the Lisbon Region of Portugal. The peninsula is named after one of its larger cities, Setúbal, and is bordered by three bodies of water, the Atlantic Ocean in the west and southwest, the Tagus Estuary to the north and the Sado Estuary to the southeast.

The region can be divided into two different orographic zones: the mountainous southwest, formed by the Arrábida mountain range, cut by valleys and hills, with altitudes between 100 and 500 m (330 and 1,640 ft), and the remaining extensive flat areas, part of the Tagus floodplain.

38°35′N 9°00′W﻿ / ﻿38.583°N 9.000°W﻿ / 38.583; -9.000
Lappans, Maryland
Lappans is an unincorporated community in Washington County, Maryland, United States. Lappans is located at the junction of Maryland routes 65 and 68, 6.2 miles (10.0 km) south of Hagerstown. It is the location of St. Mark's Episcopal Church.

Washington County, Maryland
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. The population was 154,705 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat and largest city is Hagerstown. The county is part of the Western Maryland region of the state.

Washington County was the first county in the United States to be named for the Revolutionary War general (and later President) George Washington. Washington County is one of three Maryland counties recognized by the Appalachian Regional Commission as being part of Appalachia. The county borders southern Pennsylvania to the north, Northern Virginia to the south, and the Martinsburg Panhandle of West Virginia to the south and west. Washington County is included in the Hagerstown metropolitan area, which is also included in the Washington metropolitan area.
The Eternal Zero (film)
The Eternal Zero (Japanese: 永遠の0, Hepburn: Eien no Zero) is a 2013 Japanese historical war film directed, co-written, and with visual effects by Takashi Yamazaki. Based on the eponymous 2006 novel by Naoki Hyakuta, the film starts with a frame story set in 2004, where a Japanese man in his twenties learns that he is the grandson of a kamikaze military aviator who died in World War II, and then investigates the life story of his grandfather. The Eternal Zero was released in Japan on 21 December 2013, by Toho. The film grossed over ¥8.76 billion, becoming the highest-grossing Japanese film of 2014.

Toho Studios
Toho Studios Co., Ltd. (Japanese: TOHOスタジオ株式会社, Hepburn: Tōhō Sutajio kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese film studio and production company. A subsidiary of Toho Co., Ltd., it was founded in 1971. One of the most successful films produced by Toho Studio is the kaiju film Godzilla Minus One (2023), which generated more than $100 million at the global box office.
Trams in Miskolc
Trams in Miskolc is an important part of the public transport network serving Miskolc, Hungary. In operation since 1897, the network presently has one full tramline and two tramlines that run only on weekends.

Miskolc
Miskolc (UK: /ˈmiːʃkɒlts/ MEESH-kolts, US: /ˈmɪʃkoʊlts/ MISH-kohlts; Hungarian: [ˈmiʃkolt͡s] ⓘ; Czech and Slovak: Miškovec; German: Mischkolz; Yiddish: Mishkoltz; Romanian: Mișcolț) is a city in northeastern Hungary, known for its heavy industry. With a population of 143,502 as of 2024, Miskolc is the fourth largest city in Hungary, behind Budapest, Debrecen, and Szeged. It is also the county capital of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and the regional centre of Northern Hungary.
Thanathip Paengwong
Thanathip Paengwong (Thai: ธนาธิป แพงวงศ์) is a Thai professional footballer who plays for Nongbua Pitchaya in the Thai League 2 as both left back and midfielder.

He previously played for Osotspa in Thai Premier League.

Thai League 1
The Thai League (Thai: ไทยลีก, pronounced as ไท-หลีก) or Thai League 1 (Thai: ไทยลีก 1, pronounced as ไท-หลีก-หนึ่ง), often referred to as T1, is the highest level of the Thai football league system. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Thai League 2. Seasons typically run from August to May, with each team playing 30 games: two against each other team, one home and one away. It is sponsored by BYD Auto and therefore officially known as the BYD Sealion 6 League I. In the Thai League, most games are played on Saturday and Sunday evenings, occasionally being played on Wednesday and Friday evening fixtures.
Bel Motors
The Société Bel Motors was a French microcar (automobile) manufacturer established at Les Sables-d'Olonne in 1976 by Jean Bellier.    The cars used the name Véloto which reflected aspects of their light-weight design, notably in respect of the spoked wheels which would not have looked out of place on a bicycle.

Véloto production ended in 1980 when Jean Bellier founded the Bellier company and started to manufacture vehicles badged with his own name.

Microcar
Microcar is a term often used for the smallest size of cars, with three or four wheels and typically with an engine smaller than 700 cc (43 cu in). Specific types of microcars include bubble cars, cycle cars, invacar, quadricycles and voiturettes. Microcars are often covered by separate regulations from normal cars, having relaxed requirements for registration and licensing.
Xenogenesis Suite
Xenogenesis Suite is an album by American jazz flautist Nicole Mitchell with her Black Earth Ensemble, which was recorded in 2007 and released on Firehouse 12. The work was commissioned by Chamber Music America and premiered at Vision Festival XII in New York City. It was her first suite based on the Xenogenesis novels of American science fiction writer Octavia Butler.

Lilith's Brood
Lilith's Brood, previously known as the Xenogenesis Trilogy, is a collection of three science fiction works by Octavia E. Butler: Dawn, Adulthood Rites, and Imago.

The books were previously collected in the now out-of-print omnibus edition Xenogenesis. The collection was republished under the current title of Lilith's Brood in 2000. A 2025 collection of the books published by the Library of America combines the series names as Lilith's Brood: The Xenogenesis Trilogy.
Convergence (SSL)
Convergence was a proposed strategy for replacing SSL certificate authorities, first put forth by Moxie Marlinspike in August 2011 while giving a talk titled "SSL and the Future of Authenticity" at the Black Hat security conference. It was demonstrated with a Firefox addon and a server-side notary daemon.

In the talk, Marlinspike proposed that all of the current problems with the certificate authority (CA) system could be reduced to a single missing property, which he called "trust agility" and which Convergence aimed to provide. The strategy claimed to be agile, secure, and distributed.

As of 2013, Marlinspike was focused on an IETF proposal called TACK, which was designed to be an uncontroversial first step that advocates for dynamic certificate pinning instead of full CA replacement and reduces the number of times a third party needs to be trusted.

Development of Convergence was continued in a "Convergence Extra" fork until about 2014.

Internet Engineering Task Force
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a standards organization for the Internet responsible for the technical standards of the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). It has no formal membership roster or requirements and all its participants are volunteers. Their work is usually funded by employers or other sponsors.

The IETF was initially supported by the federal government of the United States but since 1993 has operated under the auspices of the Internet Society, an American non-profit organization with local chapters around the world.