hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ohrid-Prespa Transboundary Biosphere Reserve
Ohrid-Prespa Transboundary Biosphere Reserve (Macedonian: Прекуграничен биосферен резерват „Охрид-Преспа“, romanized: Prekugraničen biosferen rezervat „Ohrid-Prespa“; Albanian: Oher – Prespe, Rezerve Ndërkufitare Biosfere) is a biosphere reserve encompassing the area of Lake Ohrid and Lake Prespa, on  North Macedonia and Albania.

The reserve was declared in June 2014 and comprises a combination of water bodies and surrounding mountain reliefs, covering an area of 446,244.52 hectares (1,722.96 sq mi).

Korçë
Korçë (pronounced [ˈkɔɾtʃə]; Albanian definite form: Korça) is the eighth most populous city of Albania and the seat of Korçë County and Korçë Municipality. The total population of the city is 51,152 and 75,994 of Korçë municipality (2011 census), in a total area of 806 km2 (311 sq mi). It stands on a plateau some 850 m (2,789 ft) above sea level, surrounded by the Morava Mountains.

The area of the Old Bazaar, including Mirahori Mosque, is considered as the urban core of the city. Founded by the local Ottoman Albanian nobleman Ilias Bey Mirahori, the urban area of Korçë dates back to the late 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, however its actual physiognomy was realized in the 19th century, during a period that corresponds with the rapid growth and development of the city. The Old Bazaar has played a dominant role in Albania's market history. Korçë is the largest city of eastern Albania and an important cultural and industrial centre.
Electoral district
An electoral (congressional, legislative, etc.) district, sometimes called a constituency, riding, or ward, is a geographical portion of a political unit, such as a country, state or province, city, or administrative region, created to provide the voters therein with representation in a legislature or other polity. That legislative body, the state's constitution, or a body established for that purpose determines each district's boundaries and whether each will be represented by a single member or multiple members. Generally, only voters (constituents) who reside within the district are permitted to vote in an election held there. The district representative or representatives may be elected by single-winner first-past-the-post system, a multi-winner proportional representative system, or another voting method.

The district members may be selected by a direct election under wide adult enfranchisement, an indirect election, or direct election using another form of suffrage.

Party-list proportional representation
Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a system of proportional representation based on preregistered political parties, with each party being allocated a certain number of seats  roughly proportional to their share of the vote.

In these systems, parties provide lists of candidates to be elected, or candidates may declare their affiliation with a political party (in some open-list systems). Seats are distributed by election authorities to each party, in proportion to the number of votes the party receives. Voters may cast votes for parties, as in Spain, Turkey, and Israel (closed lists); or for candidates whose vote totals are pooled together to determine the share of representation of their respective parties, as in Finland, Brazil, and the Netherlands (mixed single vote or panachage).
Geography of Peru
Peru is a country on the central western coast of South America facing the Pacific Ocean. It lies wholly in the Southern Hemisphere, its northernmost extreme reaching to 1.8 minutes of latitude or about 3.3 kilometres (2.1 mi) south of the equator. Peru shares land borders with Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile, with its longest land border shared with Brazil.

Tumbes, Peru
Tumbes is a city in northwestern Peru, on the banks of the Tumbes River. It is the capital of the Tumbes Region, as well as of Tumbes Province and Tumbes District. Located near the border with Ecuador, Tumbes has 111,595 inhabitants as of 2015. It is served by the Cap. FAP Pedro Canga Rodriguez Airport. It is located on the Gulf of Guayaquil along with Zorritos.
Samar al-'Aṭṭār
Samar al-'Aṭṭār (born 1945) is a Syrian writer, novelist and translator.

She was born in Damascus and studied at the University of Damascus, earning a BA in Arabic literature and an MA in English, and then received a second MA in English from Dalhousie University. In 1973, she received a PhD from the State University of New York at Binghamton. She taught Arabic and English in Canada, the United States, Algeria and Germany. She later taught Arabic studies at the University of Sydney.

She published her first novel Lina: A Portrait of Damascene girl in 1982. It was followed by The House on Arnus Square in 1988. She translated these two novels into English herself. She has also published scholarly essays, textbooks on teaching Arabic and translations of Arabic poetry.

Damascus University
Damascus University (Arabic: جامعة دمشق, romanized: Jāmiʾa Dimashq) is a public research university in Damascus, the capital city of Syria. It is the largest and oldest university in the country. It also operates satellite campuses in other Syrian cities.

It was founded in 1923 as the Syrian University (Arabic: الجامعة السورية, romanized: al-Jāmiʾa al-Sūriyya) through the merger of the Medical School (established 1903) and the Institute of Law (established 1913). It adopted its current name after the founding of the University of Aleppo in 1958.

Damascus University was one of the most reputable universities in the Arab World before the Syrian civil war started in 2011.

Damascus University consists of several faculties, higher institutes, intermediate institutes and a school of nursing. One of the institutions specializes in teaching the Arabic language to foreigners, which as of 2005 was the largest institution of its kind in the Arab world.
Tepeçaylak
Tepeçaylak is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 196 (2022). It is situated in Çukurova (Cilicia of the antiquity) to the north of Çukurova motorway. The distance to Tarsus is 25 kilometres (16 mi) and the distance to Mersin is 50 kilometres (31 mi). The main crop of the village is grape.

Çukurova
Çukurova (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃuˈkuɾova]), or the Cilician Plain (Cilicia Pedias in antiquity), is a large fertile plain in the Cilicia region of southern Anatolia. The plain covers the easternmost areas of Mersin Province, southern and central Adana Province, western Osmaniye Province and northwestern Hatay Province.
Kalmia latifolia
Kalmia latifolia, the mountain laurel, calico-bush, or spoonwood, is a flowering plant and one of the 10 species in the genus of Kalmia belonging to the heath(er) family Ericaceae. It is native to the eastern United States. Its range stretches from southern Maine to northern Florida, and west to Indiana and Louisiana. Mountain laurel is the state flower of Connecticut and Pennsylvania. It is the namesake of Laurel County in Kentucky, the city of Laurel, Mississippi, and the Laurel Highlands in southwestern Pennsylvania.

Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It variably includes between 17 and 26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital.

As of 2011, the Eastern United States had an estimated population exceeding 179 million, representing the majority (over 58 percent) of the total U.S. population.

The three most populous cities in the Eastern United States are New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
St. Patrick's blue
St Patrick's blue is a name often mistakenly applied to several shades of blue associated with Ireland. The official colour of Ireland in heraldic terms is azure blue. The colour blue's association with Saint Patrick dates from the 1780s, when it was adopted as the colour of the Anglo-Irish Order of St Patrick. The term refers to a sky blue used by the Order of St Patrick, often confused in Ireland with a darker, rich blue. There is no de jure national colour in Ireland, with the only reference to any colour(s) appearing in Article 7 of the Irish Constitution in regards to the national flag. However, while green is the de facto national colour of Ireland, representing Ireland in many sporting, cultural, and business events, azure blue is still found in symbols of both the state and the island.

Constitution of Ireland
The Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann, pronounced [ˈbˠʊnˠɾˠəxt̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈheːɾʲən̪ˠ]) is the fundamental law of Ireland. It asserts the national sovereignty of the Irish people. It guarantees certain fundamental rights, along with a popularly elected non-executive president, a bicameral parliament, a separation of powers and judicial review.

It is the second constitution of the Irish state since independence, replacing the 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State. It came into force on 29 December 1937 following a statewide plebiscite held on 1 July 1937. The Constitution may be amended solely by a national referendum. It is the longest continually operating republican constitution within the European Union.
Danae Sweetapple
Danae Suzanna Sweetapple is an Australian Paralympic swimmer. She was born in the Queensland town of St George. Sweetapple attended boarding school at 11 and has a Bachelor of Arts in Literature.

She took up swimming in 1990. Her early swimming results led to her being offered one of the first Australian Institute of Sport scholarships for disabled swimmers. At the 1992 Barcelona Games, she won a silver medal in the Women's 100 m Freestyle B2 event and she won two bronze medals in the Women's 100 m Backstroke B2 and Women's 50 m Freestyle B2 events. After the Games she commented "I'd be so happy if more people could make movement and sport a way of life. It's a great way to meet people and gain confidence."

Sweetapple was the Young Queenslander of the Year in 1992.

St George, Queensland
St George is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Balonne, Queensland, Australia. It is the administrative centre for the Shire of Balonne. In the 2021 census, the locality of St George had a population of 3,130 people.
2012 Torneo Omnia Tenis Ciudad Madrid – Doubles
David Marrero and Rubén Ramírez Hidalgo were the defending champions but Marrero decided not to participate.
Hidalgo played alongside Daniel Muñoz de la Nava.
Daniel Gimeno-Traver and Iván Navarro defeated Colin Ebelthite and Jaroslav Pospíšil 6–2, 4–6, [10–7] in the final to win the title.

Jaroslav Pospíšil
Jaroslav Pospíšil (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjaroslaf ˈpospiːʃɪl]; born 9 February 1981) is a Czech tennis coach and a former professional player who competed on the ITF Futures and ATP Challenger tours. On 23 May 2011 he reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 103. On 1 October 2012, he reached his best doubles ranking of No. 115.

To date, Pospíšil has reached 53 singles finals on the ATP Challenger and ITF Futures tours, from which he has won 28 titles. On the same tours, he has won 64 doubles titles after reaching a total of 101 doubles finals.
Ditheko Mototo
Ditheko Absalom Mototo (born 27 December 1980) is a retired South African association football left-back. He last played for Vasco da Gama in the Premier Soccer League, joined Swallows FC as the assistant coach.
He joined Vasco in 2010.
His previous clubs were: Bloemfontein Celtic, Kaizer Chiefs, Bloemfontein Young Tigers.

Vasco da Gama F.C.
Vasco da Gama is a South African football club based in the Parow suburb of the city of Cape Town. Coming from the lower ranks, the club had its roots entrenched in the local Portuguese South African community, and adopted its name, crest and team colours from the Brazilian club Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama. As of 2024–25 season, they play in the SAFA Second Division.

In 2016, the club sold its National First Division (NFD) franchise to Stellenbosch.
Glucuronide
A glucuronide, also known as glucuronoside, is any substance produced by linking glucuronic acid to another substance via a glycosidic bond. The glucuronides belong to the glycosides.

Glucuronidation, the conversion of chemical compounds to glucuronides, is a method that animals use to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source.  Glucuronic acid is attached via a glycosidic bond to the substance, and the resulting glucuronide, which has a much higher water solubility than the original substance, is eventually excreted by the kidneys.

Enzymes that cleave the glycosidic bond of a glucuronide are called glucuronidases.

Glucuronic acid
Glucuronic acid (GCA, from Ancient Greek: γλεῦκος + οὖρον, lit. 'sweet wine, must + urine') is a uronic acid that was first isolated from urine (hence the name "uronic acid"). It is found in many gums such as gum arabic (approx. 18%), xanthan, and kombucha tea and is important for the metabolism of microorganisms, plants and animals.
Charles-Louis de la Vallée Poussin
Charles-Louis-Joseph-Xavier de la Vallée Poussin (6 April 1827, Namur – 15 March 1903, Brussels) was a Belgian geologist and mineralogist. His son was the mathematician Charles Jean de la Vallée Poussin.

Namur
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Wallonia, Belgium. It is the capital both of the province of Namur and of Wallonia, hosting the Parliament of Wallonia, the Government of Wallonia and its administration.

Namur stands at the confluence of the rivers Sambre and Meuse and straddles three different regions – Hesbaye to the north, Condroz to the south-east, and Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse to the south-west. The city of Charleroi is located to the west. The language spoken is French.

The municipality consists of the following sub-municipalities: Beez, Belgrade, Boninne, Bouge, Champion, Cognelée, Daussoulx, Dave, Erpent, Flawinne, Gelbressée, Jambes, Lives-sur-Meuse, Loyers, Malonne, Marche-les-Dames, Namur proper, Naninne, Saint-Servais, Saint-Marc, Suarlée, Temploux, Vedrin, Wépion, and Wierde.
Anoulack Chanthivong
Anoulack Chanthivong (born 20 July 1977) is an Australian politician who was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Macquarie Fields for the Labor Party at the 2015 New South Wales state election.

Chanthivong was born in Laos and grew up in the Sydney suburb of Raby. He was a Campbelltown City Councillor and was mayor from 2011 to 2012. On 11 June 2021, Chanthivong was appointed to the Minns Shadow Ministry, under the portfolios of Finance, Industry & Trade.

After the 2023 New South Wales state election, Chanthivong was sworn into the Minns ministry as Minister for Building, Corrections, Innovation, Science, Technology, Better Regulation, Fair Trading, Industry and Trade.

Minister for Innovation, Science and Technology
The Innovation, Science and Technology is a minister in the New South Wales Government and has responsibilities that includes all schools and institutes of higher education in New South Wales, Australia.

The ministers manages the portfolio through the Premier's Department. Ultimately, the ministers are responsible to the Parliament of New South Wales.

There have previously been ministers responsible for Science, Innovation and Technology; however the combined ministry was first created in December 2021 in the second Perrottet ministry.
Hanguranketha Electoral District
Hanguranketha electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between March 1960 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Hanguranketha in Nuwara Eliya District, Central Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Hanguranketha electoral district was replaced by the Nuwara Eliya multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections.

Central Province, Sri Lanka
The Central Province (Sinhala: මධ්‍යම පළාත Madhyama Paḷāta, Tamil: மத்திய மாகாணம் Maddiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 567,400 ha (1,402,000 acres) and a population of 2,421,148, making it the second most populated province. The city of Kandy has been its capital since 1469.

The Central Province is located primarily in the central mountainous terrain of Sri Lanka. It is bordered by the North Central Province to the north, the Uva Province to the east, the North Western Province to the west and the Sabaragamuwa Province to the south and west.

The province is famous for its production of Ceylon tea, the cultivation of which was initiated by the British in the 1860s after a devastating disease killed all coffee plantations in the province. The province attracts many tourists, with hill station towns such as Gampola, Hatton and Nuwara Eliya. The province is home to four UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Henry Broad
Henry George Broad (4 May 1910 – 17 August 2001) was an Australian politician.

He was born at St Arnaud to farmer George William Broad and teaching assistant Frances Jane Evans, and attended state schools. He became a farmer of wheat and sheep at Woomelang, and was secretary of the local Country Party branch in 1936. On 29 October 1960 he married Heather Anne McLean, with whom he had two sons. He served on Wycheproof Shire Council from 1953, and was president from 1960 to 1961, 1967 to 1968 and 1979 to 1980. In 1968 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Swan Hill, winning a by-election for the seat. He was defeated by a Liberal candidate in 1973. Broad remained active in local politics and was president of his local Country Party branch. He died at Wycheproof in 2001.

Woomelang
Woomelang is a town in the Mallee region of Victoria, Australia.  The town is in the Shire of Yarriambiack local government area and on the Sunraysia Highway, 359 kilometres (223 mi) north-west of the state capital, Melbourne, 183 kilometres (114 mi) south-east of Mildura and 154 kilometres (96 mi) north of Horsham.  At the 2011 census, Woomelang and the surrounding area had a population of 191.

As with most towns in the Mallee region, the main industry is dryland agriculture and woolgrowing.  The population has been slowly declining, from 290 at the 1981 census to 211 people in 2001, 195 in 2006, and 191 in 2011.

Woomelang Post Office opened on 10 August 1900.

Woomelang Magistrates' Court closed on 1 May 1981, having not been visited by a Magistrate since 1971.

An interesting attraction to the south of Woomelang is a shearing shed constructed during World War II.  Due to wartime shortages, the shed is made of compacted kerosene tins.
Jens Kristian Hansen
Jens Kristian Hansen (born 3 September 1971) is a Faroese former football defender or midfielder. He spent most of his career in B36 Tórshavn, while he also had spells with Freja Randers in Denmark, and Ayr United in Scotland. He has been capped for the Faroe Islands at senior level.

Randers FC
Randers FC (Danish pronunciation: [ˈʁɑnɐs]) is a professional football club based in Randers, East Jutland, that plays in the Danish Superliga, the top flight of the Danish football league system. Founded on 1 January 2003, the club builds upon the license of Randers Freja, a former three-time Danish Cup winning team. As of 2022 the club had won the Danish Cup twice in its history. Randers plays its matches at the 10,300-capacity Cepheus Park Randers.
Vincenzo Maria Miglietti
Vincenzo Maria Miglietti (Moncalieri, 25 May 1809 – Nichelino, 14 July 1864) was an Italian politician and senator of the Kingdom. He was Minister of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs of the Kingdom of Italy in the first Ricasoli government.

Nichelino
Nichelino (Piedmontese: Ël Niclin) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 8 kilometres (5 miles) southwest of Turin.

Nichelino borders the following municipalities: Turin, Orbassano, Beinasco, Moncalieri, Candiolo, and Vinovo.
39th National Assembly of Bulgaria
The Thirty-Ninth National Assembly (Bulgarian: Тридесет и деветото народно събрание) was a convocation of the National Assembly of Bulgaria, formed according to the results of the parliamentary elections in Bulgaria, held on 17 June 2001.

2001 Bulgarian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Bulgaria on 17 June 2001. The result was a victory for the new National Movement – Simeon II, which won 120 of the 240 seats. Following the elections, Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, the country's last Tsar, who was deposed by the Bulgarian Communist Party in 1946, became prime minister.
Ptc1
Ptc1 is a type Two C phosphatase involved in the mating decision of yeast. Ptc1 competes with Fus3 for control of the 4 phosphorylation sites on the scaffold protein Ste5. Presence of the mating pheromone α-factor causes Ptc1 to be recruited to Ste5. This recruitment takes place via a 4 amino acid motif in the Ste5 phosphosites.

Ptc1 is also involved in regulating the osmotic stress of yeast, especially via inactivation of Hog1, a member of the MAPK pathway. This inactivation occurred as a result of dephosphorylation of the phosphotheronine but not the phosphotyrosine residue in the phosphorylation lip of Hog1.

It can be localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase
A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase) is a type of  serine/threonine-specific protein kinases involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and proinflammatory cytokines. They regulate cell functions including proliferation, gene expression, differentiation, mitosis, cell survival, and apoptosis.

MAP kinases are found in eukaryotes only, but they are fairly diverse and encountered in all animals, fungi and plants, and even in an array of unicellular eukaryotes.

MAPKs belong to the CMGC (CDK/MAPK/GSK3/CLK) kinase group. The closest relatives of MAPKs are the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).
Helen H. Fielding
Helen H. Fielding FRSC FInstP CPhys CChem is a Professor of physical chemistry at University College London (UCL). She focuses on ultrafast transient spectroscopy of protein chromophores and molecules. She was the first woman to win the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) Harrison-Meldola Memorial Prize (1996) and Marlow Award (2001).

Chartered Chemist
Chartered Chemist (CChem) is a chartered status awarded by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in the United Kingdom, the Royal Australian Chemical Institute (RACI) in Australia, by the Ministry of Education in Italy, the Institute of Chemistry Ceylon (IChemC), Sri Lanka, the Institute of Chartered Chemists of Nigeria in Nigeria, and by the Association of the Chemical Profession of Ontario (ACPO) in Ontario, Canada.

Achieving chartered status in any profession denotes to the wider community a high level of specialised subject knowledge and professional competence. The award of the Chartered Chemist (CChem) designation recognises the experienced practising chemist who has demonstrated an in-depth knowledge of chemistry, significant personal achievements based upon chemistry, professionalism in the workplace and a commitment to maintaining technical expertise through continuing professional development.