hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Counterknowledge
Counterknowledge: How We Surrendered to Conspiracy Theories, Quack Medicine, Bogus Science and Fake History is a polemic by British writer and journalist Damian Thompson which examines the dissemination and reception of fringe theories. It was published on 1 January 2008 by Atlantic Books and is Thompson's third book.

Fringe theory
A fringe theory is an idea or a viewpoint that differs significantly from the accepted scholarship of the time within its field. Fringe theories include the models and proposals of fringe science, as well as similar ideas in other areas of scholarship, such as the humanities. In a narrower sense, the term fringe theory is commonly used as a pejorative, roughly synonymous with the terms pseudo-scholarship and conspiracy theory. Precise definitions distinguishing widely held viewpoints and unaccepted theories are difficult to construct. Issues of false balance or false equivalence can occur when fringe theories are presented as being equal to widely accepted theories.
Applied Industrial Technologies
Applied Industrial Technologies, Inc. (AIT) is a public, global company based in the U.S. and focused on the distribution of bearings, power transmission products, engineered fluid power components and systems, specialty flow control products, and other industrial supplies. AIT provides engineering, design and system integration for industrial and fluid power applications, as well as customized mechanical, fabricated rubber, fluid power, and flow control shop services.

Power transmission
Power transmission is the movement of energy from its place of generation to a location where it is applied to perform useful work.

Power is defined formally as units of energy per unit time. In SI units:

Since the development of technology, transmission and storage systems have been of immense interest to technologists and technology users.
Bocklet
Bocklet is a surname that occurs mainly in Germany and Austria. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Maria von Bocklet (1801–1881), composer, musician, and teacher of music from the Austrian Empire

Mike Bocklet (born 1984), American lacrosse player and coach

Reinhold Bocklet (1943–2025), German politician

Mike Bocklet
Mike Bocklet (born November 3, 1984) is a professional lacrosse player with the Chaos of Premier Lacrosse League and the head coach of the John Jay High School men's lacrosse team in Cross River, NY. Bocklet is the director and co-founder of the X10 Mountain Lacrosse Academy and Moonlight Lacrosse, LLC.
The Buddenbrooks (1923 film)
The Buddenbrooks (German: Die Buddenbrooks) is a 1923 German silent film directed by Gerhard Lamprecht and starring Peter Esser, Mady Christians, and Alfred Abel. It is based on Thomas Mann's 1901 novel The Buddenbrooks.

The film's art direction was by Otto Moldenhauer.

Alfred Abel
Alfred Peter Abel (12 March 1879 – 12 December 1937) was a German film actor, director, and producer. He appeared in more than 140 silent and sound films between 1913 and 1938. His best-known performance was as Joh Fredersen in Fritz Lang's 1927 film, Metropolis.
Pisquetomen
Pisquetomen (died c. 1762) was a Lenape chief who acted as interpreter and negotiator for the Lenape in dealings with the Provincial government of Pennsylvania during the mid-eighteenth century. After being rejected in his bid to succeed his uncle Sassoonan as Lenape chief, Pisquetomen joined Shingas and Captain Jacobs in a series of deadly attacks on Pennsylvania settlements at the beginning of the French and Indian War. He eventually participated in peace negotiations that led to the Treaty of Easton in 1758, and is believed to have died in 1762.

Province of Pennsylvania
The Province of Pennsylvania, also known as the Pennsylvania Colony, was a British North American colony founded by William Penn, who received the land through a grant from Charles II of England in 1681. The name Pennsylvania was derived from Latin, meaning "Penn's Woods", a reference to William Penn's father Admiral Sir William Penn.
John Dugard
Christopher John Robert Dugard (born 23 August 1936) is a South African professor of international law. His main academic specializations are in Roman-Dutch law, public international law, jurisprudence, human rights, criminal procedure and international criminal law. He has served on the International Law Commission, the primary UN institution for the development of international law, and has been active in reporting on human-rights violations by Israel in the Palestinian territories.

He has written several books on human rights and international law, especially the crime of apartheid, in addition to coauthoring textbooks on criminal law and procedure and international law. He has written extensively on South African apartheid.

International criminal law
International criminal law (ICL) is a body of public international law designed to prohibit certain categories of conduct commonly viewed as serious atrocities and to make perpetrators of such conduct criminally accountable for their perpetration. The core crimes under international law are genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression.

Classical international law governs the relationships, rights, and responsibilities of states. After World War II, the Charter of the International Military Tribunal and the following Nuremberg trial revolutionized international law by applying its prohibitions directly to individuals, in this case the defeated leaders of Nazi Germany, thus inventing international criminal law. After being dormant for decades, international criminal law was revived in the 1990s to address the war crimes in the Yugoslav Wars and the Rwandan genocide, leading to the establishment of a permanent International Criminal Court in 2001.
Robin Jones (basketball)
Robin Dale Jones (February 2, 1954 – July 16, 2018) was an American professional basketball player. He played college basketball for Saint Louis.

Jones was born in St. Louis, Missouri.  He spent two seasons in the NBA, signing as a free agent with the Portland Trail Blazers in 1976.  There he came off the bench, playing in 63 games, to help the team to their first ever league title in 1977.  The following season, he moved to the Houston Rockets where he played only 12 games.  Jones then spent 5 years playing in Europe before returning to the United States where he worked in marketing for Anheuser-Busch.  In 1995, he suffered a stroke and retired from Anheuser-Busch the next year as Illinois director of marketing.

Jones died on July 16, 2018, in Chicago.

Saint Louis Billikens men's basketball
The Saint Louis Billikens men's basketball team is the intercollegiate men's basketball program representing Saint Louis University. They compete in the Atlantic 10 Conference. The head coaching position is currently filled by Josh Schertz. Chaifetz Arena is home to the Billikens. The Billikens have reached the championship game of the NIT tournament four times and have won it once (1948). They have appeared in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament ten times, most recently in 2019.
Association "Polish Community"
Association "Polish Community" (Polish: Stowarzyszenie "Wspólnota Polska") is a Polish non-governmental and public benefit organization operating under the patronage of the Polish Senate; dedicated to strengthening the ties between Poland and Polonia - Poles and people of Polish origin living abroad. The current chairman is Dariusz Piotr Bonisławski since March 2017.

It was founded in 1990 by Andrzej Stelmachowski, professor of Wrocław University and Warsaw University, then-Sejm marshal, later Minister of Education, and until his death in April 2009, presidential advisor. Maciej Płażyński was the president of the association from May 11, 2008, until his death on April 10, 2010.

The organization receives sponsorship from Polish government.

In 2025, the organization was designated as undesirable in Russia.

University of Wrocław
The University of Wrocław (Polish: Uniwersytet Wrocławski, UWr; Latin: Universitas Wratislaviensis) is a public research university in Wrocław, Poland. It is the largest institution of higher learning in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, with over 100,000 graduates since 1945, including some 1,900 researchers, among whom many have received the highest awards for their contributions to the development of scientific scholarship.

The university was established in 1701 and reconstituted in its current form in 1945, as a direct successor to the previous German University of Breslau. Following the territorial changes of Poland's borders, academics primarily from the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów restored the university building, which had been heavily damaged in the 1945 Battle of Breslau.
Hawaii Stars
The Hawaii Stars were an independent professional baseball team based out of Hilo, Hawaii. They were charter members of the Pacific Association.  They played their home games at Wong Stadium in Hilo. In 2012, they were also members of the North American League. The Stars were managed by Garry Templeton Jr. son of former Major League All-Star Garry Templeton.

All-star
An all-star team is a group of people all having a high level of performance in their field.  Originating in sports, it has since drifted into vernacular and has been borrowed heavily by the entertainment industry.
Merryman II
Merryman II (foaled 1951) was a Scottish-bred Thoroughbred racehorse who competed in National Hunt racing.

He is best known for winning the 1960 Grand National at odds of 13/2, making him the first clear favourite to win for 33 years as well as the first Scottish-bred winner.

His jockey, 22-year-old Gerry Scott, had been lucky to take part in the race, having broken his collarbone two weeks prior.

Due to the 1960 race being the first ever televised, Merryman II also holds the distinction of being the first televised winner of a Grand National.

National Hunt racing
National Hunt Racing, also known as Jump Racing, is a form of horse racing particular to many European countries, including, but not limited to:  France, Great Britain and Ireland. Jump Racing requires horses to jump over fences and ditches.

In the UK, National Hunt Racing is divided into two major distinct branches: Hurdling and Steeplechase, as well as flat races called “Bumpers”. Hurdling involves horses jumping over Hurdles, while Steeplechase involves the horses jumping over a variety of different obstacles that includes fences, water jump or an open ditch. Some of the biggest National Hunt events of the year in the UK are the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup.
Pampa Island
Pampa Island, also known as Hunt Island, is an island 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km) long and 475 m (1,558 ft) high, which lies off the east coast of Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago. The island lies 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) northeast of Pinel Point and is separated from Brabant Island by the southern part of Pampa Passage. First roughly charted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99. Named by the Argentine expedition of 1947–48 in association with Pampa Passage.

Palmer Archipelago
Palmer Archipelago, also known as Antarctic Archipelago, Archipiélago Palmer, Antarktiske Arkipel or Palmer Inseln, is a group of islands off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It extends from Tower Island in the north to Anvers Island in the south. It is separated by the Gerlache and Bismarck straits from the Antarctic Peninsula and Wilhelm Archipelago, respectively. The archipelago is in the British, Chilean, and Argentine Claims.

Palmer Archipelago is located at 64°15′S 62°50′W﻿ / ﻿64.250°S 62.833°W﻿ / -64.250; -62.833.
Tom Nütten
Tom Nütten (pronounced [ˈnʏtən]; born June 8, 1971) is an American former professional football player who was a guard for eight seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the St. Louis Rams. He was raised in Oelde, Germany and played high school football in Magog, Quebec and at Bishop's College School in Lennoxville, Quebec.

Magog, Quebec
Magog (locally /ˈmeɪɡɔːɡ/ MAY-gawg, French: [maɡɔɡ]) is a city in southeastern Quebec, Canada, about 120 kilometres (75 mi) east of Montreal at the confluence of Lake Memphremagog—after which the city was named—with the Rivière aux Cerises and the Magog River. It is a major centre and industrial city in the Regional County Municipality of Memphremagog. The city lies in the Eastern Townships tourist region.

In 2002, the City of Magog was merged with the Township of Magog and the Village of Omerville as part of the municipal reorganization in Quebec.
Gabriel (Joe Goddard song)
"Gabriel" is a song written by Joe Goddard, Valentina, and John Beck and produced by Joe Goddard, featuring vocals from Valentina. It was released as a Digital download in the United Kingdom on 31 July 2011. It peaked to number 49 on the UK Singles Chart and 12 on the Belgian (Flemish) Singles Chart. A remix of the song is featured on the video game Grand Theft Auto V in the radio station Soulwax FM.

Joe Goddard (musician)
Joe Goddard (born 12 September 1979) is a British musician, songwriter, and DJ. He is best known as a member of the English synth-pop band Hot Chip, which he co-founded with Alexis Taylor. In 2007, he co-founded record label Greco-Roman, which has released albums by artists such as Totally Enormous Extinct Dinosaurs and Disclosure. Goddard is also a member of electronica group the 2 Bears, and produced three solo albums, Harvest Festival (2009), Electric Lines (2017) and Harmonics (2024).
Madikizela
Madikizela is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Babalo Madikizela, South African urban planner and politician

Bonginkosi Madikizela, South African politician

Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela (born 1955), South African psychologist

Winnie Madikizela-Mandela (1936-2018), South African activist and politician

Babalo Madikizela
Babalo Madikizela is a South African urban planner and politician who served as the Eastern Cape MEC for Public Works from May 2019 to July 2022 and as a Member of the Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature from November 2018 to August 2022. Madikizela served as the provincial treasurer of the African National Congress (ANC) from October 2017 to May 2022.
Trevor Johnson (curler)
Trevor Johnson (born November 15, 1998) is a Canadian curler from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. He currently plays lead on Team Rylan Kleiter. Team Kleiter is known for their brightly coloured paint splash pants.

Lead (curling)
In curling, the lead is the person who delivers the first two stones of the end for their team. On most teams, where the lead does not act as skip or vice, the lead will sweep for each of their teammates' shots. Because of the free-guard-zone rule, which prevents leads from removing most of an opponent's guards, leads are usually proficient at throwing guards and draws, and throw few takeouts or other power shots. In some regions, such as Eastern Ontario and the Eastern United States, the lead is responsible for determining who has hammer, using random selection, such as flipping a coin. However, in most regions, this is the responsibility of the third.
Andreas Borgeas
Andreas Borgeas (born March 7, 1974) is an American attorney, politician, and academic who served as a member of the California State Senate from the 8th district, which included parts of the Central Valley and the Sierra Nevada. Prior to being elected to the state Senate, he was a member of the Fresno County Board of Supervisors. He represented all or portions of Amador, Calaveras, Fresno, Inyo, Madera, Mariposa, Mono, Sacramento, Stanislaus, Tulare, and Tuolumne counties.

Panteion University
The Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences (PUSPS; Greek: Πάντειον Πανεπιστήμιο Κοινωνικών και Πολιτικών Επιστημών, romanized: Pánteion Panepistī́mio Koinōnikṓn kai Politikṓn Epistīmṓn, ΠΠΚΠΕ), usually referred to simply as the Panteion University (Πάντειο Πανεπιστήμιο, Pánteio Panepistī́mio), is a university located in Athens, Greece. Founded in 1927, it is the oldest university of social and political sciences in Greece.

At Panteion University there is a student population of 19,000 students enrolled at graduate and postgraduate level and 360 teaching and administrative staff. The university also offers thirteen postgraduate courses and includes three research institutes, eighteen research centres and four laboratories.
Forever (The Bear)
"Forever" is the tenth episode and season finale of the third season of the American  comedy-drama television series The Bear. It is the 28th overall episode of the series and was written and directed by series creator Christopher Storer. It was released on Hulu on June 26, 2024, along with the rest of the season.

The series follows Carmen "Carmy" Berzatto, an award-winning New York City chef de cuisine, who returns to his hometown of Chicago to run his late brother Michael's failing Italian beef sandwich shop. In the episode, Carmy, Sydney and Richie attend a "funeral service" for the restaurant Ever, where they reunite with some chefs.

Andrea Terry
Chef Andrea Terry is a fictional character on the FX Network television series The Bear. Played by Olivia Colman beginning with the season two episode "Forks," Chef Terry is an acclaimed chef whose Chicago restaurant, Ever, was a legendary three-Michelin-starred destination for a dozen years. Over the course of her career, she employed and trained many notable chefs, including Carmy Berzatto (Jeremy Allen White), Luca (Will Poulter), and Adam Shapiro (Adam Shapiro). Colman was nominated for an Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series Emmy Award for her appearances as Chef Terry in season three of the FX Networks dramedy series.
Nivelles railway station
Nivelles railway station (French: Gare de Nivelles; Dutch: Station Nijvel) is a railway station in Nivelles, Walloon Brabant, Belgium. The station opened on 1 June 1874 and is located on railway line 124. The train services are operated by the National Railway Company of Belgium (SNCB/NMBS).

The station used to be known as Nivelles-East railway station (French: Gare de Nivelles-Est; Dutch: Station Nijvel-Oost) when there was also a Nivelles-North railway station on the former line 141. The railway line between Nivelles–Waterloo–Linkebeek (south of Brussels) is currently (2015) being enlarged to allow a higher frequency of local and intercity trains.

Waterloo, Belgium
Waterloo (French pronunciation: [watɛʁlo] ⓘ; Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋaːtərloː] ⓘ; Walloon: Waterlô) is a municipality in Wallonia, located in the province of Walloon Brabant, Belgium, which in 2011 had a population of 29,706 and an area of 21.03 km2 (8.12 sq mi).

Waterloo lies a short distance south of Brussels and immediately south of the official language border between Flanders and Wallonia. Waterloo is most famous for being the site of the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, where Napoleon was defeated in the War of the Seventh Coalition.
Mother & Father
"Mother & Father" is a song by New Zealand musical duo Broods from their debut studio album, Evergreen (2014). As with the material on their self-titled debut EP, "Mother & Father" was written by duo members Caleb and Georgia Nott as well as producer Joel Little. It was released as the album's  lead single on 19 June 2014 through Polydor Records. The song entered the New Zealand Singles Chart at number forty on 30 June 2014, then moved to number fourteen the following week.

Joel Little
Joel Little (born 13 February 1983) is a New Zealand record producer, musician and Grammy Award-winning songwriter. He is best known for his work as a writer and producer with artists Lorde, Taylor Swift, Broods, Sam Smith, Imagine Dragons, Ellie Goulding, Khalid, Elliphant, Jarryd James, Shawn Mendes, Marina Diamandis, Amy Shark, Goodnight Nurse, Noah Kahan, Years & Years, the Jonas Brothers, Gracie Abrams, and Niall Horan.
Thomas Deadrick
Thomas J. Deadrick is a former Republican member of the South Dakota House of Representatives, representing the 21st District from 2003 and 2011. He also served as the Speaker of the House. His district included Brule, Buffalo, Charles Mix, Jones and Lyman counties.

Charles Mix County, South Dakota
Charles Mix County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,373. Its county seat is Lake Andes.  The county was created in 1862 and organized in 1879. It was named for Charles Eli Mix, an official of the Bureau of Indian Affairs influential in signing a peace treaty with the local Lakota Indian tribes. The easternmost approximately 60% of the county comprises the Yankton Indian Reservation.

The Papineau Trading Post, whose building is now in Geddes, South Dakota, was an early county seat.  Geddes tried to wrest the county seat from Wheeler in 1900, 1904, and 1908. The Charles Mix County Courthouse in Lake Andes was built in 1918.
International Student Science Fair
The International Student Science Fair (ISSF) is an annual event providing a platform for international interaction to take place in science education. The fair brings together high school students, teachers and school leaders to share and develop the learning and teaching of science research and education.
The ISSF is the major event of its type in the world, bringing together students, teachers, school and university leaders to share and develop their ideas about science in the modern world.

Australian Science and Mathematics School
The Australian Science and Mathematics School (ASMS) is a coeducational public senior high school for Years 10–12 located on the Sturt campus of Flinders University in Bedford Park, a southern suburb of Adelaide, the capital of South Australia. As the school is unzoned, it attracts students from all across the Adelaide metropolitan area as well as some regional and interstate locations, in addition to international students. The goal of the school is to prepare its students for university, particularly in the fields of mathematics and science. The ASMS is unconventional in its approach to education, emphasising a love of learning in both students and teaching staff; students are given the freedom to take control of their own education. ASMS aims to make students aware of their own learning and for them to become self-directed in the way they complete academic tasks.
Philip J. Deering
Philip J. Deering, Sr. (1878 – December 20, 1935) was an American businessperson and politician from Maine. Deering, a Democrat, served in the Maine House of Representatives from one term (1910-1912).  He also served four terms as chairman (de facto mayor) of the Portland, Maine City Council in 1924, 1927, 1934 and 1935.

Maine House of Representatives
The Maine House of Representatives is the lower house of the Maine Legislature. The House consists of 151 voting members and three nonvoting members. The voting members represent an equal number of districts across the state and are elected via plurality voting. The nonvoting members represent three of Maine's Native American tribes, though one tribe (the Penobscot Nation) has declined to send a representative. Each voting member of the House represents around 9,000 citizens of the state. Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine House of Representatives usually have outside employment as well. Members are limited to four consecutive terms of two years each, but may run again after two years.

The House meets at the Maine State House in Augusta.
Kristin Turcotte
Kristin Turcotte, née Holman (born c. 1965) is a Canadian curler from Ajax, Ontario.

She is a 1990 World women's bronze medallist and 1990 Canadian women's champion.

Turcotte won the 2023 Canadian Senior Curling Championships, representing Ontario, on a team skipped by Susan Froud.

She was inducted into the Toronto Curling Hall of Fame in 1992.

Ajax, Ontario
Ajax (/ˈeɪdʒæks/; 2021 population: 126,666) is a waterfront town in Durham Region in Southern Ontario, Canada, located in the eastern part of the Greater Toronto Area.

The town is named for HMS Ajax, a Royal Navy cruiser that served in the Second World War. It is approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of Toronto on the shores of Lake Ontario and is bordered by the City of Pickering to the west and north, and the Town of Whitby to the east.