hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bolong
Bolong (meaning "Bo's dragon") is a genus of iguanodontian dinosaur known from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning Province, China. It lived about 125 million years ago in the earliest Aptian.

Aptian
The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 0.6 Ma to 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago), approximately. The Aptian succeeds the Barremian and precedes the Albian, all part of the Lower/Early Cretaceous.

The Aptian partly overlaps the upper part of the Western European Urgonian Stage.

The Selli Event, also known as OAE1a, was one of two oceanic anoxic events in the Cretaceous Period, which occurred around 120 Ma and lasted approximately 1 to 1.3 million years, being marked by enhanced silicate weathering, as well as ocean acidification. The Aptian extinction was a minor extinction event hypothesized to have occurred around 116 to 117 Ma.
San Mariano, Isabela
San Mariano, officially the Municipality of San Mariano (Ilocano: Ili ti San Mariano; Filipino: Bayan ng San Mariano), is a municipality in the province of Isabela, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 61,876 people.

The town is considered as the gateway to the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park.

Poblacion
Poblacion (from Spanish población, meaning "population"), sometimes abbreviated as Pob., is a term used in the Philippines to refer to the administrative center, downtown, old town, or commercial area of a city or municipality. It may consist of a single barangay or multiple barangays. Colloquially, the poblacion area is also referred to as the bayan (see also other definitions of bayan), plaza, or centro.
More Stuff
More Stuff is the title of the second full-length studio release by the group Stuff. It was released in 1977, a year after their debut, on Warner Bros. Records. For the recordings, the group teamed up with Charles Kipps and Van McCoy, who by then had a disco hit with "The Hustle". The band also covers the Stevie Wonder song "As", which appeared on his Songs in the Key of Life disc from 1976.

At the 20th annual Grammy Awards, More Stuff was nominated for Best R&B Instrumental Performance.

The Hustle (song)
"The Hustle" is a disco song by songwriter-arranger Van McCoy and the Soul City Symphony. It went to No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and Hot Soul Singles charts during the summer of 1975. It also peaked at No. 1 on the Canadian RPM charts, No. 9 on the Australian Singles Chart (Kent Music Report) and No. 3 in the UK. It would eventually sell over one million copies. The song won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance early in 1976 for songs recorded in 1975.
The Great Happiness Space
The Great Happiness Space: Tale of an Osaka Love Thief is a 2006 documentary film by Jake Clennell, describing a host club in Osaka. The male hosts and their female customers are interviewed, and through the interviews, we learn about the nature of host clubs and why the customers are coming there.

Host and hostess clubs
A hostess club is a type of night club found primarily in Japan which employs mostly female staff and caters to men seeking drinks and attentive conversation. Host clubs are a similar type of establishment where mostly male staff attend to women. Host and hostess clubs are considered part of mizu shōbai (lit. 'water trade'), the night-time entertainment business in Japan.
Baku 1980 (chess tournament)
Baku 1980 was an international chess tournament held in Baku, Azerbaijan from March 29 to April 18, 1980. The participants were Garry Kasparov (2595), Alexander Beliavsky (2590), Eugenio Torre (2520), Istvan Csom (2510), Eduard Gufeld (2510), Lothar Vogt (2510), Adrian Mikhalchishin (2490), Igor Zaitsev (2490), Vladimir Antoshin (2480), Karen Grigorian (2475), Slobodan Martinovic (2475), Silvino García Martínez (2450), Jiří Lechtýnský (2450), Elmar Magerramov (2435), Nikola Padevsky (2415), and Maia Chiburdanidze (2400).

Alexander Beliavsky
Alexander Genrikhovich Beliavsky (Ukrainian: Олександр Генріхович Бєлявський, Slovene: Aleksander Henrikovič Beljavski; also romanized Belyavsky; born December 17, 1953) is a Soviet, Ukrainian and Slovenian chess player. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster by FIDE in 1975. He is also a chess coach and in 2004 was awarded the title of FIDE Senior Trainer.

Beliavsky was born in Lviv, USSR, now Ukraine. He now lives in Slovenia and has been playing for its national team since 1996.
Lara Bitter
Lara Bitter (born 24 April 1975) is a Dutch former professional tennis player.

Bitter was a junior doubles finalist at the 1993 French Open, partnering countrywoman Maaike Koutstaal. They were beaten in three sets by the Belgian pairing of Laurence Courtois and Nancy Feber.

On the professional circuit, Bitter reached a best singles ranking of 297 in the world and won an ITF tournament in Le Havre in 1994. As a doubles player she won a further six ITF titles, including four $25,000 events.

Laurence Courtois
Laurence Courtois (French pronunciation: [lɔʁɑ̃s kuʁtwa]; born 18 January 1976) is a former professional female tennis player from Belgium.

Courtois, who was born in Kortrijk, won four doubles titles on the WTA Tour during her career.
About Us (album)
About Us is the debut studio album by Australian indie pop singer G Flip. The album was released on 30 August 2019.

Prior to the album's release, the songs were described as about "heartbreak and reconciliation". G Flip said: "I thought about releasing an album a lot growing up, I would sit in the lounge room holding dad's record collection in awe, I was intrigued, I wanted my own. It's a big moment, I'm super stoked to drop my debut."

The album was supported by an Australian tour, commencing in Adelaide on 8 November 2019.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2019, the album was nominated for two awards; Breakthrough Artist and Best Independent Release, "Drink Too Much" was nominated for Best Video.

At the J Awards of 2019, the album was nominated for Australian Album of the Year.

At the AIR Awards of 2020, the album was nominated for Best Independent Pop Album or EP.

A deluxe version of the album was released on 17 January 2020, featuring 4 live tracks.

ARIA Award for Breakthrough Artist – Release
The ARIA Music Award for Breakthrough Artist – Release is an award presented at the annual ARIA Music Awards, which recognises "the many achievements of Aussie artists across all music genres", since 1987. It is handed out by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), an organisation whose aim is "to advance the interests of the Australian record industry."

Breakthrough awards for Album and Single were presented from 1989 until they were merged at the 2010 awards and renamed Breakthrough Artist – Release.
Danville, Hazleton and Wilkes-Barre Railroad
The Danville, Hazleton and Wilkes-Barre Railroad, also called the D.H. & W.B. Railroad, was a railroad in northeastern Pennsylvania. It ran from Sunbury to Tomhicken, a total of 43.44 miles plus 10.1 miles of branch lines, making the whole railroad 53.54 miles long. The railroad was completed in 1870. As of 2010, the Danville, Hazleton and Willkes-Barre Railroad tracks belong to the Pennsylvania Railroad. The railroad's gauge was 4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm).

Sunbury, Pennsylvania
Sunbury (/ˈsʌnbɛri/ SUN-berr-ee) is a city and the county seat of Northumberland County in Pennsylvania, United States. Located in the Susquehanna Valley, Sunbury is positioned on the east bank of the Susquehanna River.

Sunbury's roots stretch back to the early 18th century. As of the 2020 census, Sunbury had a population of 9,719. The city is one of the three principal cities in the larger Bloomsburg–Berwick metropolitan area.

Sunbury is connected to inventor Thomas Edison. In 1883, the Hotel Edison became the first building in Sunbury to be illuminated by Edison's innovative three-wire electrical system. The hotel was later named in honor of Edison.

Sunbury is home to the Beck House and the Northumberland County Courthouse. The Sunbury Historic District is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Four Masters of the Ming dynasty
The Four Masters of the Ming dynasty (Chinese: 明四家; pinyin: Míng Sì Jiā) are a traditional grouping in Chinese art history of four famous Chinese painters that lived during the Ming dynasty. The group consists of Shen Zhou (1427–1509), Wen Zhengming (1470–1559), Tang Yin (1470–1523), and Qiu Ying (c.1494–c.1552). They were contemporaries, with Shen being the teacher of Wen, while Tang and Qiu was taught by Zhou Chen (1460–1535). All five of the aforementioned painters were part of the Wu School. Their styles and subject matter were varied. Qiu was solely a painter, while the other three developed distinct styles of painting, calligraphy, and poetry.

Shen Zhou
Shen Zhou (Chinese: 沈周; pinyin: Shěn Zhōu, 1427–1509), courtesy names Qinan (启南) and Shitian (石田), was a Chinese painter in the Ming dynasty. He lived during the post-transition period of the Yuan conquest of the Ming. His family worked closely with the government and maintained its wealthy status. Shen later retired and lived a reclusive life, spending most of his time painting and taking care of his widowed mother.

He was a contributor to the more individualist Wu School of Chinese art. Besides painting, he was also accomplished in history and the classics.
Siddapur
Siddapur, Sidapur, Siddapura, or Sidapura are names of a number of towns, villages and administrative divisions in India. They include;

Siddapura, Uttara Kannada
Siddapur taluk, an administrative region of Uttara Kannada

Siddapur, Savanur taluk, Haveri

Siddapura, Bangalore

Siddapur, Belgaum, Karnataka

Siddapur, Bagalkot, Bilagi Taluka, Bagalkot district, Karnataka

Siddapura, Kodagu, Karnataka

Siddapur, Koppala, Karnataka

Siddapura, Udupi, Karnataka

Siddapur, Vijayapur

Siddapur Taluk
Siddapur or Siddhapura Taluk is the destination of world famous Jog Falls. It is a part of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India and is located in the midst of forest areas of Western Ghats and it is also a part of Malenadu. The taluk is full of greenery, hills and arecanut gardens developed in the valleys’. The taluk headquarters is Siddapur. Sirsi is the nearest city,
Chengkung Airfield
Chengkung Airfield (呈贡机场) is a former World War II United States Army Air Forces airfield in Chenggong County, Yunnan, Republic of China, at in the suburb of Kunming. After its demolished during the PRC era, its current site is Chenggung New District No. 1 Elementary School (呈贡新区第一小学).

Chenggong, Kunming
Chenggong District (simplified Chinese: 呈贡区; traditional Chinese: 呈貢區; pinyin: Chénggòng Qū) is one of seven districts of the prefecture-level city of Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, Southwest China,  situated on east bank of the Dian Lake. The name Chenggong is a transliteration of the word in Yi language for a basin where rice is grown.
Ruan de Swardt
Ruan de Swardt (born 21 January 1998) is a South African cricketer. He made his List A debut for Northerns in the 2017–18 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 4 March 2018. In September 2018, he was named in Northerns' squad for the 2018 Africa T20 Cup. He made his first-class debut for Northerns in the 2018–19 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup on 1 November 2018. He made his Twenty20 debut for Northerns in the 2019–20 CSA Provincial T20 Cup on 13 September 2019.

He was the leading run-scorer in the 2019–20 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge, with 426 runs in seven matches. In July 2020, de Swardt was named as the CSA Student Cricketer of the Year. In April 2021, he was named in KwaZulu-Natal's squad, ahead of the 2021–22 cricket season in South Africa.

Northerns cricket team
Northerns (formerly North Eastern Transvaal and Northern Transvaal) has played first-class cricket in South Africa since December 1937. Its territory is the area north of Johannesburg, including Pretoria.

For the purposes of the SuperSport Series, Northerns has merged with Easterns (formerly Eastern Transvaal) to form the Titans.
Reba Byrd Masterson
Rebecca Byrd Masterson (January 19, 1882 – September 22, 1969) was an American petroleum geologist. Masterson was born and raised in Galveston, Texas. She was a survivor of the 1900 Galveston hurricane, losing her mother in the carnage. With the passing of her mother, Masterson took over the domestic duties in her household. She eventually attended university receiving her Bachelor of Science, and paving her career in geology as an independent geologist. She made many contributions to the field of geology over the course of her career. Until her death on September 22, 1969, she kept the mineral rights in more than 20 Texas counties and a tungsten mine in Colorado.

Mineral rights
Mineral rights (often referred to as a "mineral interest" or a "mineral estate") are property rights to exploit an area for the minerals it harbors. Mineral rights can be separate from property ownership (as in a split estate).  Mineral rights can refer to sedentary minerals that do not move below the Earth's surface or fluid minerals such as oil or natural gas. There are three major types of mineral property: unified estate, severed or split estate, and fractional ownership of minerals.
Cela (surname)
Cela is a Spanish-Galician surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfonso Cela (1885–1932), Spanish bullfighter

Camilo José Cela (1916–2002), Spanish Nobel Prize winning writer

Camilo José Cela Conde (born 1946), Spanish writer and professor of philosophy, son of the former

Gabriel Hernán Cela (born 1974), Argentine footballer

Izolda Cela (born 1960), Brazilian professor, psychologist and politician

José María Cela (born 1969), Spanish footballer and academic

Paloma Cela (1946–2019), Spanish actress and model

Pedro Pardo de Cela (1425–1483), Marshal of Galicia, beheaded by order of the Catholic Monarchs

Violeta Cela (born 1960), Spanish actress

Gabriel Hernán Cela
Gabriel Hernán Cela Ruggieri (born 8 October 1974), frequently named Gabriel Cela Ruggieri, is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a forward for clubs in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Italy.
Wien effect
The Wien effect is the experimentally observed increase in ionic mobility or conductivity of electrolytes at very high gradient of electrical potential. A theoretical explanation has been proposed by Lars Onsager.

A related phenomenon is known as the Second Wien Effect or the dissociation field effect, and it involves increased dissociation constants of weak acids at high electrical gradients. The dissociation of weak chemical bases is unaffected.

The effects are important at very high electrical fields (108 – 109 V/m), like those observed in electrical double layers at interfaces or at the surfaces of electrodes in electrochemistry.

More generally, the electric field effect (directly, through space rather than through chemical bonds) on chemical behaviour of systems (e.g., on reaction rates) is known as the field effect or the direct effect.

The terms are named after Max Wien.

Weak base
A weak base is a base that, upon dissolution in water, does not dissociate completely, so that the resulting aqueous solution contains only a small proportion of hydroxide ions and the concerned basic radical, and a large proportion of undissociated molecules of the base.
Carseae
Carseae or Karseai (Ancient Greek: Κάρσεαι), or Careseae or Kareseai (Καρησέαι), also known as Karseis or Kerasai or Kerateis, was a town of ancient Mysia or of Lydia, cited by Polybius. King Attalus I, with some Galatae, made an incursion against this place, and he reached them after crossing the Lycus River; afterward he attacked Didymateiche. There is some probability that the place which is meant is the Caresus of Strabo; and there is nothing in the narrative of Polybius that is inconsistent with this supposition. This Lycus River is unknown.

Its site is unlocated.

Lydia
Lydia (Ancient Greek: Λυδία, romanized: Ludía; Latin: Lȳdia) was an Iron Age kingdom situated in western Anatolia, in modern-day Turkey. Later, it became an important province of the Achaemenid Empire and then the Roman Empire. Its capital was Sardis.

At some point before 800 BCE, the Lydian people achieved some sort of political cohesion, and existed as an independent kingdom by the 600s BCE. At its greatest extent, during the 7th century BCE, it covered all of western Anatolia. In 546 BCE, it became a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire, known as Sparda in Old Persian. In 133 BCE, it became part of the Roman province of Asia.

Lydian coins, made of electrum, are among the oldest in existence, dated to around the 7th century BCE.
Appalachian Long Distance Hikers Association
The Appalachian Long Distance Hikers Association is a non-profit organization founded in 1983 to support and promote the interests of long-distance hikers in the Appalachian mountain area and east of the Mississippi.  It "was the first organization of long-distance hikers in the United States".

Leave No Trace
Leave No Trace, sometimes written as LNT, is a set of ethics promoting conservation of the outdoors. Originating in the mid-20th century, the concept started as a movement in the United States in response to ecological damage caused by wilderness recreation. In 1994, the non-profit "Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics" was formed to create educational resources around LNT, and organized the framework of LNT into seven principles.

Plan ahead and prepare

Travel and camp on durable surfaces

Dispose of waste properly

Leave what you find

Minimize campfire impacts

Respect wildlife

Be considerate of others

The idea behind the LNT principles is to leave the wilderness unchanged by human presence.
Kim Hyun-ki
Kim Hyun-ki (Korean: 김현기; born February 9, 1983) is a South Korean ski jumper who has competed from 1998 to 2018.

Competing in four Winter Olympics, he earned his best finish of eighth in the team large hill event at Salt Lake City in 2002 while his best individual finish was 31st in the individual large hill event at those same games.

Kim's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was tenth in the team normal hill event at Oberstdorf in 2005 while his best individual finish was 38th in the individual normal hill at those same games. He finished 30th in the individual event of the FIS Ski-Flying World Championships 2006 in Kulm.

Kim's best individual World Cup finish was 21st in a large hill event in Japan in 2006. He has two individual victories in lesser events from 2009.

He holds a negative record for the highest number of fallouts in qualifications in World Cup with 118 fallouts.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2005
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2005 took place 16–27 February 2005 in Oberstdorf, Germany, for the second time after hosting it previously in 1987. The ski jumping team normal hill event returned after not being held in 2003. The double pursuit distances of 10 km (5 km classical mass start + 5 km freestyle pursuit) women and 20 km (10 km classical mass start + 10 km freestyle pursuit) men were lengthened to 15 km for women (7.5 km classical mass start + 7.5 km freestyle pursuit) and 30 km for men (15 km classical mass start + 15 km freestyle pursuit). Team sprint was also added as well. The Nordic combined 4 × 5 km team event had its change between ski jumping points and cross-country skiing start time changed from 1 point equals to 1.5 seconds to 1 point equals 1 second at this championship.
Cydrela
Cydrela is a genus of spiders in the family Zodariidae. It was first described in 1873 by Tamerlan Thorell.

Most of its species are found in Africa, with four described species from Thailand to China. C. insularis is endemic to Socotra.

Tamerlan Thorell
Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell (3 May 1830 – 22 December 1901) was a Swedish arachnologist.

Thorell studied spiders with Giacomo Doria at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Genoa. He corresponded with other arachnologists, such as Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, Eugène Simon and Thomas Workman.

He described more than 1,000 spider species during his time from the 1850s to 1900.

Thorell wrote: On European Spiders (1869) and Synonym of European Spiders (1870-73).
Suldal Church
Suldal Church (Norwegian: Suldal kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Suldal Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Suldalsosen, on the shore of the river Suldalslågen, at the southern end of the lake Suldalsvatnet. It is one of the two churches for the Suldal parish which is part of the Ryfylke prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1852 using designs by the architect Hans Linstow. The church seats about 600 people.

Hans Linstow
Hans Ditlev Franciscus (Frants) von Linstow (4 May 1787 – 10 June 1851) was a Danish/Norwegian architect who designed the Royal Palace in Oslo and much of the surrounding park and the street Karl Johans gate.
Demultiplexer (media file)
A demultiplexer for digital media files, or media demultiplexer, also called a file splitter by laymen or consumer software providers, is software that demultiplexes individual elementary streams of a media file, e.g., audio, video, or subtitles and sends them to their respective decoders for actual decoding. Media demultiplexers are not decoders themselves, but are format container handlers that separate media streams from a (container) file and supply them to their respective audio, video, or subtitles decoders.

Media Player Classic
Media Player Classic (MPC) and its derivatives are a family of free and open-source media players for 32-bit and 64-bit versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system. Focusing on compactness and customizability, Media Player Classic mimics the simplistic look and feel of Windows Media Player 6.4, but provide most options and features available in modern media players. The original MPC stopped development in 2006 after which it was forked into two new projects: Media Player Classic - Home Cinema (MPC-HC) and Media Player Classic - Black Edition (MPC-BE), which are now principally maintained by the community at the Doom9 forum.

The active fork Media Player Classic - Home Cinema (MPC-HC) is maintaned by "clsid2" (same developer known as clsid responsible for MPC 6.4.9.1), and Media Player Classic - Black Edition (MPC-BE) by "aleksoid". Variations of the original MPC and its forks are standard media players in the K-Lite Codec Pack and the Combined Community Codec Pack.
Teresa Carniani
Teresa Carniani Malvezzi de' Medici (28 March 1785 in Florence – 9 January 1859 in Bologna) was an Italian poet, writer, and translator. She was married into the influential Medici family and held the title of countess. She is best remembered for her publications La cacciata del tiranno Gualtieri accaduta in Firenze l'anno 1343 (1827) and In morte di Vincenzo Monti (1829), and her translations of Francesco Petrarch, Marcus Tullius Cicero, and Alexander Pope. She was also known by her pseudonym Luisa Camilla.

Petrarch
Francis Petrarch (/ˈpɛtrɑːrk, ˈpiːt-/; 20 July 1304 – 19 July 1374; Latin: Franciscus Petrarcha; modern Italian: Francesco Petrarca [franˈtʃesko peˈtrarka]), born Francesco di Petracco, was a scholar from Arezzo and poet of the early Italian Renaissance, as well as one of the earliest humanists.

Petrarch's rediscovery of Cicero's letters is often credited with initiating the 14th-century Italian Renaissance and the founding of Renaissance humanism. In the 16th century, Pietro Bembo created the model for the modern Italian language based on Petrarch's works, as well as those of Giovanni Boccaccio, and, to a lesser extent, Dante Alighieri. Petrarch was later endorsed as a model for Italian style by the Accademia della Crusca.

Petrarch's sonnets were admired and imitated throughout Europe during the Renaissance and became a model for lyrical poetry. He is also known for being the first to develop the concept of the "Dark Ages".