hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ballistic eyewear
Ballistic eyewear is a form of glasses or goggles that protect from small projectiles and fragments. For the U.S. military, choices for such eye protection are listed on the Authorized Protective Eyewear List (APEL). Ballistic eyewear including examples that meet APEL requirements are commercially available for anyone who wishes to buy it.  The history of protective eyewear goes back to 1880 and extends through to World War I and the present. There are three standards that are currently used to test the effectiveness of ballistic eyewear.  These include a U.S. civilian standard (ANSI Z87.1 – 2010), a U.S. military standard (MIL-PRF-31013), and a European standard (EN 166, 169, 170 and 172).

Eye protection
Eye protection is protective gear for the eyes, and sometimes face, designed to reduce the risk of injury. Examples of risks requiring eye protection can include: impact from particles or debris, light or radiation, wind blast, heat, sea spray or impact from some type of ball or puck used in sports.

Eye protection are typically separated into categories based on the style of eye wear and the hazard they are designed to reduce. There categories include: spectacles with side protection; goggles; welding helmet; welding hand shields; non-rigid helmets (hoods); face shield; and respirator face pieces.
Dil Se Re
"Dil Se Re" (transl. From the Heart) is a song from the film Dil Se.., composed by A. R. Rahman, lyrics penned by Gulzar, picturised on Shah Rukh Khan and Manisha Koirala and sung by A. R. Rahman. Anuradha Sriram, Anupama and Febi Mani were in the chorus.

The composition is based on Raga Jog (or Nattai in Carnatic), which was a chart topper of the year 1998 and this song's lyrics is said to be one of the finest and predominantly in Urdu. Guy Pratt, Pink Floyd bass guitarist for post Roger Waters albums Delicate Sound of Thunder, The Division Bell and Pulse played bass on this song.

The Tamil and Telugu versions of the same song are "Sandhosha Kanneere" from Uyire, and "Ninnele" from Prematho.

Nata (raga)
Nata (nāṭa), also known as Nattai, is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale) from the 36th melakarta scale Chalanata. It is a janya scale, as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes) in the descending scale. It is an auspicious raga, which is mostly sung in the early part of the concert.

There is a raaga named Nata in Hindusthani music as well, and another raaga named Shuddha Nat. But they are sung rarely, and have no association with the Nattai of Carnatic Music. The closest comparable raga to be the Hindustani equivalent of Carnatic Nattai, is the Raga "Jog", which is believed to be a derivative of the Kafi Thaat.
Gerda Gattel
Gerda Gattel (October 28, 1908 – May 14, 1993) was a comic book creator who worked as a letterer, and later as a proofreader, most notably for DC Comics.

Gattel worked as a letterer in the production department of Marvel Comics' predecessor Timely Comics from 1947 to 1952. Throughout the balance of the 1950s she worked in other production capacities, including proofreader and production manager. Moving to National Periodical Publications (DC Comics) in 1958, Gattel worked as executive vice president Irwin Donenfeld's assistant from 1958 to 1968, rising to production coordinator in 1968. While at DC, Gattel began an archive of all the company's publications, a resource which proved invaluable in later years.

Gattel retired as DC's production coordinator in 1973, and was given a Special Award by the Academy of Comic Book Arts in "for bringing her special warmth to our history."

Timely Comics
Timely Comics was the common name for the group of corporations that was the earliest comic book arm of American publisher Martin Goodman, and the entity that would evolve by the 1960s to become Marvel Comics.

Founded in 1939, during the era called the Golden Age of Comic Books, "Timely" was the umbrella name for the comics division of pulp magazine publisher Goodman, whose business strategy involved having a multitude of corporate entities all producing the same product. The company's first publication in 1939 used Timely Publications, based at his existing company in the McGraw-Hill Building at 330 West 42nd Street in New York City. In 1942, it moved to the 14th floor of the Empire State Building, where it remained until 1951. In 2016, Marvel announced that Timely Comics would be the name of a new imprint of low-priced reprint comics.
Eliza Clark (Canadian author)
Eliza Clark (born May 22, 1963) is a Canadian writer.

Born in Mississauga outside Toronto, Ontario, she received a Bachelor of Fine Arts from York University in 1985 and graduated from Banff School of Fine Arts in 1988. Before writing full time Clark worked in television as an editor and producer. Clark has also taught creative writing at Ryerson University, the Humber School for Writers and York University. In 2007, she published, Writer's Gym, which collected tips for writers from various authors including Douglas Coupland and Margaret Atwood.

Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity
Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity (formerly Banff Centre) is an arts and culture educational institution in Banff, Alberta.

It offers arts programs in the performing and fine arts, as well as leadership training. It was established in 1933 as the Banff School of Drama. It was granted full autonomy as a non-degree granting post-secondary educational institution in 1978. Banff Centre is a member of the Alberta Rural Development Network.

On June 23, 2016, Banff Centre announced a new name: Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity.
Jean Baptiste Paulin Trolard
Jean Baptiste Paulin Trolard (27 November 1842 – 13 April 1910) was a French anatomist from Sedan, Ardennes, known for his work on the anastomotic veins of the cerebral circulation. The "vein of Trolard" (the superior anastomotic vein) was named after him.

He studied medicine at the Algiers Preparatory College of Medicine, afterwards working as a municipal physician in Saint Eugène, a suburb of Algiers. In 1861, he began work as an anatomy prosector at the college. From 1869 to 1910, he was a professor of anatomy at the Mustapha Pacha hospital Algiers.

Known for his work against contagious diseases and epidemics, he was a proponent of free vaccinations for all indigent peoples. In 1882, he founded La Ligue de Reboisement in an effort to promote reforestation and prevent the deforestation of Algeria for the sake of creating pastureland. With Henri Soulié, he was co-founder of the Pasteur Institute of Algeria in 1894.

Sedan, Ardennes
Sedan (French pronunciation: [sədɑ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Ardennes department and Grand Est region of north-eastern France. It is also the chef-lieu (administrative centre) of the arrondissement of the same name.

Sedan is notable as the site of two major battles between the armed forces of France and Germany, both of which were won by Germany. The First Battle of Sedan in 1870 sealed the fate of the Second French Empire and paved the way to the foundation of the German Empire, leading to the subsequent annual celebration of "Sedan Day" in Germany. The Second Battle of Sedan in 1940 achieved a decisive breakthrough by Wehrmacht forces in the Battle of France and ultimately led to the collapse of the French Third Republic.
Vargunteia gens
The gens Vargunteia was a minor plebeian family of ancient Rome.  Only a few members of this gens are mentioned by Roman writers, of whom the best known include one of the Catilinian conspirators, and a noteworthy grammarian mentioned by Suetonius.  Others are known from inscriptions, including a Lucius Vargunteius who attained the praetorship during the second century BC.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
Selina Scoble
Selina Scoble (born 18 October 1977) is an Australian female volleyball player. She was part of the Australia women's national volleyball team.

She competed with the national team at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, finishing 9th.

Australia women's national volleyball team
The Australia women's national volleyball team, also known as Volleyball Team Australia Women (VTAW) or the Volleyroos, is the national volleyball team of the volleyball playing nation of Australia. As of June 2025, they are ranked 63rd in the world. They are a member of the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC).

The Australian Women’s program maintained during the 1990s ranked 6th in the Asian zone, due in part to the strong nature of women’s volleyball in Asia, with teams like China, Japan and Korea ranked in the world at the time in the top 8. With the support of the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), they achieved 9th place in the 2000 Summer Olympics. Following this the Volleyroos achieved its highest-ever world ranking of 14th. They then achieved a 6th-place finish at the 2001 Asian Championships, and qualified for a second World Championships.

Their historic inclusion in the 2014 Women’s Grand Prix challenged the Volleyroos skills with higher world ranked competitors.
Andrea Müller (tennis)
Andrea Müller (born 21 August 1965) is a German former professional tennis player.

Müller, who was born in Donaueschingen, reached a best singles ranking of 183 in the world. After making her WTA Tour main draw debut at the Oslo Open in 1991, Müller qualified for the 1992 Virginia Slims of Florida, where she was beaten in the first round by Alexia Dechaume. In 1993 she featured in the qualifying draws of the Australian Open, French Open and Wimbledon.

WTA Oslo Open
The Oslo Open was a women's professional tennis tournament held in Oslo, Norway. The event was part of the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour and was played only once, in February 1991. It was classed as a Tier V event, and it was played on an indoor carpet surface. Catarina Lindqvist won the singles competition and Claudia Kohde-Kilsch and Silke Meier won the doubles; Raffaella Reggi finished runner-up in both events. There was a total prize money on offer of US$100,000. Tournament director was Ole Jacob Johansen.
Chanderi Inscription of ʽAlāʼ al-Dīn Khaljī
The Chanderi Inscription of ʽAlāʼ al-Dīn Khaljī is an epigraphic record in four lines, written in Naskh script in the Persian language. It records the completion of a mosque during the governorship of Amīr al-Umarā', Ikhtiyār al-Dawla wa al-Dīn Tamur Sulṭānī by Ismā‘īl, son of ‘Abd al-Salām, entitled Wajīh-i Najīb, the muḥarrir of the district (khiṭṭa) of Kol (Aligarh) during the reign of ‘Alā' al-Dunyā wa al-Dīn Abu al-Muẓaffar Muḥammad Shāh (i.e. ‘Alā' al-Dīn Khaljī, popularly known as Alauddin Khalji, d. 1316 AD).

Amir al-umara
The office of amir al-umara (Arabic: أمير الأمراء, romanized: amīr al-umarāʾ), variously rendered in English as emir of emirs, prince of princes, chief emir, and commander of commanders, was a senior military position in the 10th-century Abbasid Caliphate, whose holders in the decade after 936 came to supersede the civilian bureaucracy under the vizier and become effective regents, relegating the Abbasid caliphs to a purely ceremonial role. The office then formed the basis for the Buyid control over the Abbasid caliphs and over Iraq until the mid-11th century.

The title continued in use by Muslim states in the Middle East, but was mostly restricted to senior military leaders. It was also used in Norman Sicily for a few of the king's chief ministers.
Mount Oxley (New South Wales)
Mount Oxley (Aboriginal: Oombi Oombi) is a hill situated 32 kilometres (20 mi) from Bourke in the Far West region of New South Wales in outback Australia.

The hill appears as a mesa-like inselberg, rising 150 metres (490 ft) above the Western Plains. It is a small relic of a formerly large sedimentary rock formation, mostly now eroded away. The underlying and surrounding rocks are sedimentary sandstone and metamorphic quartzite.

The first European to visit the mountain was Charles Sturt in December 1828. He mentioned "a report as of a gun discharge" near Mount Oxley. He surmised "it might be some gaseous explosion".

Hill
A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit, and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as mountains. Hills fall under the category of slope landforms.
Atlanta Assembly
Atlanta Assembly was an automobile factory owned by Ford Motor Company in Hapeville, Georgia. The Atlanta Assembly plant was opened on December 1, 1947.
Harbour Consulting rated it as the most efficient auto plant in North America in 2006.  As part of The Way Forward plan, the plant was closed on October 27, 2006. 
Prior to the operation of this assembly plant, Ford operated another assembly plant and offices on Ponce de Leon Avenue near the old Sears headquarters building, in the Poncey-Highland neighborhood just northeast of Downtown Atlanta.

Ponce City Market
33°46′22″N 84°21′58″W﻿ / ﻿33.7728°N 84.3661°W﻿ / 33.7728; -84.3661

Ponce City Market is a mixed-use development located in a former Sears catalogue facility in Atlanta, with national and local retail anchors, restaurants, a food hall, boutiques and offices, and residential units. It is located adjacent to the intersection of the BeltLine with Ponce de Leon Avenue in the Old Fourth Ward near Virginia Highland, Poncey-Highland and Midtown neighborhoods. The 2.1-million-square-foot (200,000 m2) building, one of the largest by volume in the Southeast United States, was used by Sears, Roebuck and Co. from 1926 to 1987 and later by the City of Atlanta as "City Hall East". The building's lot covers 16 acres (65,000 m2). Ponce City Market officially opened on August 25, 2014.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.
Les Baladins en Agenais
Les Baladins en Agenais is a theatre troupe from the village of Monclar d'Agenais, Lot-et-Garonne, France. It closed in 2015 after forty years.

In 1973, Roger Louret returned from Paris with other actors trained by Raymond Girard at Conservatoire National Supérieur d'Art Dramatique and organised the first annual Festival en Agenais. By the time of the fourth festival, some of the actors had settled in Monclar and Louret decided to found a theatre company, so with Nicolas Marié and Marianne Valéry they formed Les Baladins en Agenais.

The company continued to hold festivals and events throughout the 1970s and 80s and in the 90s became nationally known due to their television appearances on Les Années Tubes on TF1.

After losing their headquarters, the company disbanded on 9 October 2015.

In 2023, a photography exhibition was held in Agen paying homage to Les Baladins en Agenais and Roger Louret, featuring previously unpublished photographs by Annie Presani.

Conservatoire national supérieur d'art dramatique
The Conservatoire national supérieur d'art dramatique (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃sɛʁvatwaʁ nɑsjɔnal sypeʁjœʁ daʁ dʁamatik]; National Academy of Dramatic Arts; abbr. CNSAD) is France's national drama academy, located in Paris and a constituent college of Paris Sciences et Lettres University.

It is a higher education institution run by the French Ministry of Culture and has an acceptance rate of two to three percent and an average graduating class of thirty students. Its alumni include: Jeanne Moreau, Gérard Philipe, Isabelle Huppert, Carole Bouquet, Sebastian Roché, Jean-Paul Belmondo, Louis Garrel, Celine Sallette and Olivier Martinez.
Blue Rose (band)
Blue Rose was an all-star all-women band that played bluegrass music.  All of the musicians in the group are solo artists in their own right who joined together to record an album as a group in 1988 for Sugar Hill Records.

Cathy Fink: vocals, guitar, banjo, dulcimer

Laurie Lewis: vocals, fiddle, guitar, bowed bass

Marcy Marxer: vocals, guitar, mandolin

Molly Mason: vocals, bass

Sally Van Meter: vocals, Dobro, lap steel

The 1988 album's title was simply the name of the band (Blue Rose).

All-female band
An all-female band is a musical group in popular music that is exclusively composed of female musicians. This is distinct from a girl group, in which the female members are solely vocalists, though this terminology is not universally followed. While all-male bands are common in many rock and pop scenes, all-female bands are less common.
The Long Way Home (Krept and Konan album)
The Long Way Home is the debut studio album by British hip hop duo Krept and Konan. Originally scheduled for release on 6 July 2015, the album was released a day early on 5 July 2015 by Play Dirty, Virgin EMI and Def Jam. The album features guest appearances from British singers Emeli Sandé, Rebecca Garton and Ed Sheeran, American singer Jeremih, American rappers Rick Ross, YG and Wiz Khalifa, British rapper Skepta and Derrick Morgan. The title, artwork and release date was published on 23 March 2015 via Twitter.

The lead single "Freak of the Week" featuring Jeremih became a top ten hit and also became Krept and Konan's first top 40 entry. The Long Way Home received positive reviews from critics and entered the UK Albums Chart at number 2 while topping the UK R&B Chart.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
Titius–Bode law
The Titius–Bode law (sometimes termed simply Bode's law) is a formulaic prediction of spacing between planets in any given planetary system. The formula suggests that, extending outward, each planet should be approximately twice as far from the Sun as the one before. The hypothesis correctly anticipated the orbits of Ceres (in the asteroid belt) and Uranus, but failed as a predictor of Neptune's orbit. It is named after Johann Daniel Titius and Johann Elert Bode.

Later work by Mary Adela Blagg and D. E. Richardson significantly revised the original formula, and made predictions that were subsequently validated by new discoveries and observations. It is these re-formulations that offer "the best phenomenological representations of distances with which to investigate the theoretical significance of Titius–Bode type Laws".

55 Cancri
55 Cancri is a binary star system located 41 light-years away from the Sun in the zodiac constellation of Cancer. It has the Bayer designation Rho1 Cancri (ρ1 Cancri); 55 Cancri is the Flamsteed designation (abbreviated 55 Cnc). The system consists of a K-type star (designated 55 Cancri A, also named Copernicus /koʊˈpɜːrnɪkəs/) and a smaller red dwarf (55 Cancri B).

As of 2025, four extrasolar planets, designated 55 Cancri Ab, Ac, Ae and Af,  named Galileo, Brahe, Janssen, and Harriot, respectively, and two planet candidates 55 Cancri Ad (named Lipperhey) and 55 Cancri Ag are known to orbit 55 Cancri A; alongside two extrasolar planets, designated Bb and Bc, which are known to orbit 55 Cancri B.
Un habitant de la planète Mars
Un habitant de la planète Mars (An Inhabitant of Mars) is a satirical science fiction novel by Henri de Parville that was published in serial form between 1864 and 1865 by the French newspaper Le Pays. It was published in hardback form in 1865 by J. Hetzel. This novel, presented in the style of a scholarly report, recounts the fictional discovery of a Martian mummy in Kansas.

Hardcover
A hardcover, hard cover, or hardback (also known as hardbound, and sometimes as casebound) book is one bound with rigid protective covers (typically of binder's board or heavy paperboard covered with buckram or other cloth, heavy paper, or occasionally leather). It has a flexible, sewn spine which allows the book to lie flat on a surface when opened. Modern hardcovers may have the pages glued onto the spine in much the same way as paperbacks. Following the ISBN sequence numbers, books of this type may be identified by the abbreviation Hbk.
Wahlgren
Wahlgren is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Wahlgren (born 1966), Swedish rapper

Hans Wahlgren (1937–2024), Swedish actor

Kari Wahlgren (born 1977), American voice actress

Laila Bagge Wahlgren (born 1972), Swedish singer, manager and songwriter

Lars-Anders Wahlgren (born 1966), Swedish tennis player

Lars-Eric Wahlgren (1929–1999), Swedish lieutenant general

Linus Wahlgren (born 1976), Swedish actor

Marie Wahlgren (born 1962), Swedish Liberal People's Party politician

Niclas Wahlgren (born 1965), Swedish actor, singer and presenter

Pernilla Wahlgren (born 1967), Swedish singer and actress

Hans Wahlgren
Hans Carl Gustav Wahlgren (26 June 1937 – 10 May 2024) was a Swedish actor. During his career, Wahlgren appeared in films and television series, as well as his work in revues and farces such as Oh! Calcutta! As a voice actor, he dubbed for several children's films. In Wahlgren's later years, he was in his daughter Pernilla's reality series on television (2016-2024).
Coyotee
Coyotee (also spelled Coyatee, Coytoy, Coiatee, Cawatie, or Kai-a-tee) was an Overhill Cherokee town near the confluence of the Little Tennessee River and the Tennessee River in what is now Loudon County, Tennessee. Situated approximately ten miles below the mouth of the Tellico River, the town served as a northern outpost guarding the river approaches to the principal Overhill settlements upstream.

Hanging Maw
Hanging Maw, or Uskwa'li-gu'ta in Cherokee, was from 1788 to 1794  the leading chief of the Overhill Cherokee, whose historic settlements were on the western side of the Appalachian Mountains. They were located in present-day southeastern Tennessee. He became chief following the death of Old Tassel, and the abandonment of the traditional capital at Chota after raids by European Americans.