hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Italian submarine Marcantonio Colonna
Marcantonio Colonna was one of four Pisani-class submarines built for the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) during the late 1920s. Due to her age, her usefulness was limited, and she saw no real service during the war. The submarine was decommissioned in 1942 and scrapped the following year.

Regia Marina
The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy', pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").
Forge Valley
Forge Valley is a national nature reserve in North Yorkshire, England, located within the North York Moors National Park on the East Ayton / Hackness road.  The valley follows the route of the River Derwent and was formed by melting ice water at the end of the last ice age. The NNR at Forge Valley covers over 63 hectares (160 acres).

The area is now covered with woodlands which are thought to be 6,000 years old.  Forge Valley takes its name from the fact that charcoal was produced in these woods, for use in iron forges. There was a foundry to the north of the valley in 1798.

Forge Valley is managed by Raincliffe Woods Community Enterprise CIC.

National nature reserve (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, a national nature reserve is a form of statutory nature reserve that has been designated as such by one of the three national nature conservation bodies of Great Britain. There are 229 designated sites in England, 43 in Scotland, and 76 in Wales. A similar designation, a "nature reserve", is used in Northern Ireland and those are designated by the Northern Ireland Environment Agency.
Press-Telegram
The Press-Telegram is a paid daily newspaper published in Long Beach, California. Coverage area for the Press-Telegram includes Long Beach, Lakewood, Signal Hill, Artesia, Bellflower, Cerritos, Compton, Downey, Hawaiian Gardens, Lynwood, Norwalk and Paramount.

Hawaiian Gardens, California
Hawaiian Gardens is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It is the smallest city in the county in area (approximately 1.0 mi2) and was incorporated on April 9, 1964. The population was 14,149 at the 2020 census, down slightly from 14,254 at the 2010 census.

The city's unusual name originated with a 1920s refreshment stand that was decorated with palm fronds and bamboo. It was the then-rural area's main landmark for many years, and its name stuck as the small town grew up around it. As one of seven Los Angeles County cities that allow casino gambling, more than $9.2 million (65%) of the city's revenue comes from the Gardens Casino.
Kenichi Kurosawa
Kenichi Kurosawa (黒沢 健一, Kurosawa Ken'ichi; 11 August 1968 – 5 December 2016) was a Japanese musician and record producer from Hitachi, Ibaraki. His younger brother is Hideki Kurosawa, who is also a musician.

Hitachi, Ibaraki
Hitachi (日立市, Hitachi-shi) is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2024, the city had an estimated population of 165,822 in 76,702 households and a population density of 735 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 32.7%. The total area of the city is 225.71 square kilometres (87.15 sq mi).  Hitachi is well known in the world for its brand name of electric products, including power plants and appliances, of the Hitachi company founded in the town in 1910 by Namihei Odaira with considerable properties as its factories in the city.
Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Group
The Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Group or International Marketing and Purchasing Group (abbreviated IMP Group) is a European research initiative in the field of Industrial marketing established in 1976 by researchers from different countries and universities in Europe. It has evolved into an "informal international group of scholars concerned with developing concepts and knowledge in the field of business-to-business marketing and purchasing", and is also concerned with marketing and purchasing in a business-to-consumer context. The group is also called the Nordic school of marketing.

Business-to-business
Business-to-business (B2B or, in some countries, BtoB or B4B) refers to trade and commercial activity where a business sees other businesses as its customer base. This typically occurs when:

A business sources materials for its production process for output (e.g., a food manufacturer purchasing salt), i.e. providing raw material to the other company that will produce output.

A business needs the services of another for operational reasons (e.g., a food manufacturer employing an accountancy firm to audit their finances).

A business re-sells goods and services produced by others (e.g., a retailer buying the end product from the food manufacturer).

Business-to-business activity is thought to allow business segmentation.

B2B is often contrasted with business-to-consumer (B2C) trade, the latter of which typically sells directly to the general public and consumers, rather than other businesses and organisations.
Portrait of Robert Southey
Portrait of Robert Southey is an 1806 portrait painting by the British artist John Opie. It depicts the English writer Robert Southey at the age of thirty one. Southey, one of the Lake Poets of the Romantic movement, later became Poet Laureate.

Southey commissioned the work from the Cornish-born Opie one of the leading portraitists of the era. Today it is in the Keswick Museum in Cumbria. An engraving based on the portrait was produced by William Henry Egleton, a copy of which is now in the National Portrait Gallery in London.

Commission (art)
In art, a commission is the act of requesting the creation of a piece, often on behalf of another. Artwork may be commissioned by private individuals, by the government, or businesses. Commissions often resemble endorsement or sponsorship.

In classical music, ensembles often commission pieces from composers, where the ensemble secures the composer's payment from private or public organizations or donors.
Lenger, Bozyazı
Lenger is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bozyazı, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 189 (2022). It is situated at the northeast of Bozyazı. The distance to Bozyazı is 35 kilometres (22 mi) and the distance to Mersin is 200 kilometres (120 mi).

Bozyazı
Bozyazı is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 642 km2, and its population is 26,812 (2022). It is on the Mediterranean coast, 220 km (137 mi) west of the city of Mersin.
Zhang Shuguang (engineer)
Zhang Shuguang (Chinese: 张曙光; born December 1956) was the deputy chief engineer of the Ministry of Railways of China and the deputy chief designer of China's high-speed railway. Zhang was born in Shanghai but is considered a native of his ancestral home of Liyang, Jiangsu by Chinese convention.  He graduated from Lanzhou Railway University in 1982.

An associate of former Minister of Railways Liu Zhijun, Zhang was fired in February 2011 soon after Liu was arrested for corruption. In October 2014, Zhang was convicted by a Beijing court of taking bribes worth more than CN¥47 million (US$7.7 million) over a span of 11 years. He was given a suspended death sentence. Liu Zhijun had received the same sentence in 2013. Zhang's deputy Su Shunhu was also convicted of taking bribes and sentenced to life.

Ministry of Railways (China)
The Ministry of Railways (MOR) was a constituent department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China.

The ministry was responsible for passenger services, regulation of the rail industry, development of the rail network and rail infrastructure in mainland China. The ministry was also in charge of the operations of China Railway which manages the railway bureaux and companies in mainland China.

On 10 March 2013, it was announced that the Ministry would be dissolved and its duties taken up by the Ministry of Transport (safety and regulation), National Railway Administration (inspection) and China Railway Corporation (construction and management), in part addressing concerns about calls for independent supervision of the rail industry. It was dissolved that year.
Primary interventricular foramen
In human embryology, the primary interventricular foramen is a temporary opening between the developing ventricles of the heart. The ventricles arise as a single cavity that is divided by the developing interventricular septum. Before the septum closes completely, the remaining opening between the two ventricles is termed the interventricular foramen.

In some individuals, the foramen fails to close, leading to an interventricular septal defect known as a patent interventricular foramen.

Interventricular septum
The interventricular septum (IVS, or ventricular septum, or during development septum inferius) is the stout wall separating the ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart, from one another.

The interventricular septum is directed obliquely backward to the right and curved with the convexity toward the right ventricle; its margins correspond with the anterior and posterior interventricular sulci. The lower part of the septum, which is the major part, is thick and muscular, and its much smaller upper part is thin and membraneous.

During each cardiac cycle the interventricular septum contracts by shortening longitudinally and becoming thicker.
Miss Narcissist
"Miss Narcissist" is a song by American alternative rock musician Courtney Love. Written by Love and Jake Sinclair, it was released as a standalone single by the independent label Ghost Ramp.

It was initially released as a digital download on May 18, 2015, and then subsequently issued on 7" vinyl later the same year. The physical release features the track "Killer Radio" as a b-side.

Ghost Ramp
Ghost Ramp is an American record label based in Los Angeles. It was founded by Wavves frontman Nathan Williams. The label started as a music blog, later expanding into a record label. It currently has nine artists signed, including Wavves and his side projects, Sweet Valley and Spirit Club.
Phil Baddour
Philip A. Baddour Jr. (born August 5, 1942) was a  Democratic member of the North Carolina House of Representatives, representing the 11th district from 1993 through 2002. He was also House Democratic leader for two terms.

Baddour is currently chairman of the Clean Water Management Trust Fund and president of the North Carolina Advocates for Justice, one of the state's leading groups of attorneys. He has also served on the Commission for the Future of the Courts in North Carolina, the North Carolina Economic Development Board and the North Carolina Board of Transportation. He is a past president of the Goldsboro Area Chamber of Commerce, the Wayne County Economic Development Commission and the Goldsboro Rotary Club. Baddour is also a retired Colonel with the North Carolina National Guard, where he served as Staff Judge Advocate.

Parliamentary leader
A parliamentary leader is a political title or a descriptive term used in various countries to designate the person leading a parliamentary group or caucus in a legislative body, whether it be a national or sub-national legislature. They are their party's most senior member of parliament (MP) in most parliamentary democracies.

A party leader may be the same person as the parliamentary leader, or the roles may be separated.
Acanthorhachis
Acanthorhachis is an enigmatic extinct genus of chondrichthyan from the Carboniferous period. Its name is derived from the Greek word acanthos meaning "spine" and the Greek suffix for spine, -rhachis. This is due to the spine-like dermal denticles and their subsidiary spines, which coated the exterior of the animal. The authors who erected this genus suggested the common name "The Spiny Spined Shark." The type species Listracanthus spinatus was in 1896 named by Herbert Bolton.

It is closely related to Listracanthus. It differs from it in the size, structure, and distribution of dermal spines. It is currently monotypic, containing only the species A. spinatus. This shark is thus far only described from the British Isles. Acanthorhachis was first described from the Westphalian-aged lower coal measures of Yorkshire, England. It occurs rarely in Viséan-aged Eyam Limestone of Derbyshire, England.

Viséan
The Visean, Viséan or Visian is an age in the ICS geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the second stage of the Mississippian, the lower subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Visean lasted from 346.7 to 330.3 Ma. It follows the Tournaisian age/stage and is followed by the Serpukhovian age/stage.
Kemar Reid
Kemar David Reid (born 15 August 1994) is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Maltese Premier League club Birkirkara. Born in Jamaica, he plays for the Malta national team.

Maltese Premier League
The Maltese Premier League, known as Yo Health Malta Premier for sponsorship reasons with Yo Health (colloquially known as Il-Kampjonat Premjer), is the highest level of professional football in Malta. Managed by the Malta Football Association, the Premier League is contested by 12 teams and operates on a promotion and relegation system with the Challenge League. As of June 2022, the Premier League ranks 46th out of 55 members in the UEFA coefficient.

The league was first contested in 1909 as the First Division, before switching to its current name in 1980; the First Division in turn replaced the Second Division. Sliema Wanderers and Floriana have won the title a record 26 times. The current champions are Ħamrun Spartans who won their 11th title in the 2024-25 season.
Telamonia
Telamonia is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1887. They are colorful spiders, with patterns that vary considerably between sexes and species. Two longitudinal stripes along the abdomen are common, and the carapace is often colored. They have a slender opisthosoma and long legs.

Opisthosoma
The opisthosoma is the posterior part of the body in some arthropods, behind the prosoma (cephalothorax). It is a distinctive feature of the subphylum Chelicerata (arachnids, horseshoe crabs and others). It is similar in most respects to an abdomen (and is often referred to as such).
National Cycle Route 62
National Cycle Network (NCN) Route 62 is a Sustrans National Route that runs from Fleetwood to Selby. As of 2018 the route has a missing section between Preston and Southport  but is otherwise open and signed.

Longdendale Trail
53°28′45″N 1°54′53″W﻿ / ﻿53.47930°N 1.91469°W﻿ / 53.47930; -1.91469
The Longdendale Trail is an English long-distance rail trail following the former Woodhead railway line, which ran between Manchester and Sheffield and closed east of Hadfield, Derbyshire in 1981. It has shallow gradients and a smooth surface that makes it popular with families and cyclists.

The trail, which opened in May 1992, forms part of the longer Trans Pennine Trail, NCR 62, that runs from coast to coast across the UK (Liverpool to Hull). This in turn is part of the E8 European long distance path, which runs for 4,700 kilometres (2,900 mi) from County Cork in Ireland to Istanbul in Turkey.

The Longdendale Trail follows the Longdendale Chain of reservoirs and is owned and managed by the water company United Utilities.
Santali cinema
Santali cinema, also known as Sollywood, has its presence in the Indian states of Jharkhand and Orissa, and parts of Nepal (especially Jhapa District and Morang District), where Santals live. Santali films are made in the Santali language.

Santal people
The Santal (or Santhal) are an Austroasiatic-speaking Munda ethnic group of the Indian subcontinent. They constitute the largest tribal community in the Indian states of Jharkhand and West Bengal, and are also present in Odisha, Bihar, Assam, and Tripura. They are the largest ethnic minority in northern Bangladesh's Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division. They have a sizeable population in Nepal. The Santals speak Santali, the most widely spoken language of the Munda subfamily of Austroasiatic languages.
Knin camp
Knin camp was a detention camp run by the Serbian Army of Krajina in Knin, the capital of the Serb-held part of Croatia known as Republic of Serbian Krajina, that held Croatian detainees, soldiers and civilians, from 1991 until 1992, during the Croatian War of Independence.

Serbian Army of Krajina
The Serbian Army of Krajina (SAK, Serbo-Croatian: Srpska vojska Krajine, Српска војска Крајине, abbr. SVK), also known as the Army of the Republic of Serbian Krajina or Krajina Serbian Army, was the armed forces of the Republic of Serbian Krajina (RSK). The SVK consisted of ground and air elements.

Created through the merger of the Territorial Defense of the Republic of Serbian Krajina (TORSK), units of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) and the Krajina Militia, the SVK was officially established on 19 March 1992. Responsible for the security of the RSK, its area of responsibility covered an area of some 17,028 km² at its peak, as it was located entirely inland it thus had no naval forces. The SVK, along with the state of RSK, ceased to exist in 1995 following the Croatian military offensive Operation Storm.
Brendan McCahey
Brendan McCahey is an Irish singer-songwriter and recording artist with Universal Music. McCahey also previously worked in a vintage guitar store. In April 2014, he was crowned winner of series 3 of the talent competition The Voice of Ireland.
He was mentored by former Blizzards frontman Bressie. Brendan became the bookies' favourite to win top prize after receiving a score of 28 out of 30 from coaches Kian Egan, Dolores O'Riordan and Jamelia. Following his victory, he released his debut single "You Can't Judge a Book by the Cover", originally sung by Bo Diddley. McCahey released his debut album To Where I Begin on 14 November 2014 and is currently touring.
He currently resides in Shercock, County Cavan. He is married with children.

Bo Diddley
Ellas Bates McDaniel (December 30, 1928 – June 2, 2008), known professionally as Bo Diddley, was an American guitarist, singer and songwriter who played a key role in the transition from the blues to rock and roll. He influenced many artists, including Buddy Holly, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Animals, George Thorogood, Syd Barrett, Tom Petty, and the Clash.

His use of African rhythms and a signature beat, a simple five-accent hambone rhythm, is a cornerstone of hip hop, rock, and pop music. In recognition of his achievements, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987, the Blues Hall of Fame in 2003, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2017. He received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Diddley is also recognized for his technical innovations, including his use of tremolo and reverb effects to enhance the sound of his distinctive rectangular guitars.
Keshab K. Parhi
Keshab K. Parhi (born 1959 in Bhadrak District, Odisha, India) is an electrical engineer and computer scientist. He is currently the Erwin A. Kelen Chair in the department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities. His research addresses architecture design of VLSI integrated circuit chips for signal processing, communications, artificial intelligence, and cryptosystems with a focus on reducing latency and increasing speed, while also reducing chip area and energy consumption. His research has also addressed neural engineering and DNA computing.

IIT Kharagpur
The Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur or IIT KGP) is a public institute of technology, research university, and autonomous institute established by the Government of India in Kharagpur, West Bengal. Founded in 1951, the institute is the first of the IITs to be established and is recognized as an Institute of National Importance. In 2019 it was awarded the status of Institute of Eminence by the Government of India.

The institute was initially established to train engineers after India attained independence in 1947. However, over the years, the institute's academic capabilities diversified with offerings in Science, management, law, architecture, humanities, medicine, etc. The institute has an 8.7-square-kilometre (2,100-acre) campus and has about 22,000 residents.
Butuan (historical polity)
Butuan, sometimes referred to as the Rajahnate of Butuan (Filipino: Kaharian ng Butuan; Butuanon: Gingharian hong Butuan; Cebuano: Gingharian sa Butuan; Chinese: 蒲端國; pinyin: Púduānguó), was a precolonial Bisaya Hindu polity (lungsod) centered around northeastern Mindanao island in present-day Butuan, Philippines. It was known for its gold mining, gold jewelry and other wares, and its extensive trade network across maritime Southeast Asia and elsewhere. Over its long history the lungsod had direct trading relationships with the ancient civilizations of China, Champa, Đại Việt, Pon-i (Brunei), Srivijaya, Majapahit, Kambuja, and even Persia as well as areas now comprised in Thailand.

The balangay (large outrigger boats) that have been found along the east and west banks of the Libertad River (the old Agusan River) have revealed much about Butuan's history. As a result, Butuan is considered to have been a major trading port in the Caraga region during the precolonial era.

Butuanon language
Butuanon (Binutwanon, [binutwɐnʊn]) is an Austronesian language spoken by the Butuanon people in Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur, with some native speakers in Misamis Oriental and Surigao del Norte. It is a part of the Bisayan language family and is closely related to other Philippine languages. As of 2007, Butuanon is believed to be spoken by fewer than 500 younger speakers in Butuan itself.

Butuanon is very closely related to the Tausug language of distant Sulu and the Surigaonon language of neighboring provinces Surigao del Sur and Surigao del Norte, making these all three languages being the Visayan languages geographically native to Mindanao.
Union County Courthouse (Indiana)
Union County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Liberty, Indiana.  It was designed by noted Indianapolis architect George W. Bunting and built in 1890–1891.  It is a two-story, rectangular, Richardsonian Romanesque style rock faced ashlar stone building on a raised basement.  It has a hipped roof and features an arched entrance and four-story clock tower.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. It is located in the Liberty Courthouse Square Historic District.

Clock tower
Clock towers are a specific type of structure that house a turret clock and have one or more clock faces on the upper exterior walls. Many clock towers are freestanding structures but they can also adjoin or be located on top of another building. Some other buildings also have clock faces on their exterior but these structures serve other main functions.

Clock towers are a common sight in many parts of the world with some being iconic buildings. One example is the Elizabeth Tower in London (usually called "Big Ben", although strictly this name belongs only to the bell inside the tower).