hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Drover's Departure
The Drover's Departure is an 1835 genre painting by the British artist Edwin Landseer. It depicts a scene in the Grampian Mountains in Northern Scotland where a drive of cattle and sheep is about to begin, in order to take the animals south to the larger English markets. It was the largest as well as one of the last of Landseer's scenes of Highland life which had been a major theme of his work over the preceding decade. The work was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1835 at Somerset House, where it was a popular success with large crowds gathering around it.

Landseer later also submitted it to the Salon of 1855, part of the Paris Exposition. Today the painting is in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington, having been donated by the art collector Joseph Sheeksphanks in 1857.

Private collection
A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items.  In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual or organization, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. This source is usually an art collector, although it could also be a school, church, bank, or some other company or organization. By contrast, collectors of books, even if they collect for aesthetic reasons (fine bookbindings or illuminated manuscripts for example), are called bibliophiles, and their collections are typically referred to as libraries.
Condylar hypoplasia
Condylar hypoplasia is known as underdevelopment of the mandibular condyle. Congenitally (primary) caused condylar hypoplasia leads to underdeveloped condyle at birth. Hypoplasia of mandible can be diagnosed during birth, in comparison to the hyperplasia which is only diagnosed later in growth of an individual.

Hyperplasia
Hyperplasia (from ancient Greek ὑπέρ huper 'over' + πλάσις plasis 'formation'), or hypergenesis, is an enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the amount of organic tissue that results from cell proliferation. It may lead to the gross enlargement of an organ, and the term is sometimes confused with benign neoplasia or benign tumor.

Hyperplasia is a common preneoplastic response to stimulus. Microscopically, cells resemble normal cells but are increased in numbers. Sometimes cells may also be increased in size (hypertrophy). Hyperplasia is different from hypertrophy in that the adaptive cell change in hypertrophy is an increase in the size of cells, whereas hyperplasia involves an increase in the number of cells.
Treaty of Windsor
Several treaties are named Treaty of Windsor.  The most famous is the treaty of 1386 between England and Portugal, the world's oldest recorded allegiance between two nations.

Treaty of Windsor (1175) between England and Ireland

Treaty of Windsor (1386) between England and Portugal

Treaty of Windsor (1522) between England and the Holy Roman Empire

Treaty of Windsor (1899) between England and Portugal

Treaty of Windsor (1175)
The Treaty of Windsor (1175) was a territorial agreement made during the time of the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland. It was signed in Windsor, Berkshire by King Henry II of England and the Ard Rí or High King of Ireland, Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair (Rory O'Connor).
Riverside Parkway
The Riverside Parkway is a 7-mile (11 km), five-lane limited-access road in the lower central business district of Grand Junction, Colorado. Paralleling the Colorado River, it connects several of the major highways in the city, and has bike lanes in both directions. Billboards are not allowed within 300 feet (91 m) of the parkway.

Billboard
A billboard (also called a hoarding in the UK and many other parts of the world) is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertisements to passing pedestrians and drivers. Typically brands use billboards to build their brands or to push for their new products.

The largest ordinary-sized billboards are located primarily on major highways, expressways, or principal arterials, and command high-density consumer exposure (mostly to vehicular traffic). These afford the greatest visibility due not only to their size, but because they allow creative "customizing" through extensions and embellishments.

Posters are another common form of billboard advertising, located mostly along primary and secondary arterial roads. Posters are in a smaller format and are viewed primarily by residents and commuter traffic, with some pedestrian exposure.
Joseph S. Stauffer Library
Joseph S. Stauffer Library or Stauffer is the main social science and humanities library of Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Construction was completed in 1994 at a cost of C$42 million, funded partially by the Ontario government and the Joseph S. Stauffer Foundation.

The library is the largest building on the university campus, with Postmodern architecture referencing the Neo-Gothic style by architecture firm Kuwabara Payne McKenna Blumberg Architects (KPMB). It won the 1997 Governor General's Award for Architecture.

The library features include:

Adaptive Technology Centre

Art Collection

MADGIC-Maps, Data and Government Information Centre

Map and Air Photo Collection

Social Science Data Centre

Wallach-Groome Sustainability Centre

Governor General's Awards
The Governor General's Awards are a collection of annual awards presented by the governor general of Canada, recognizing distinction in numerous academic, artistic, and social fields.

The first award was conceived and inaugurated in 1937 by the Lord Tweedsmuir, a prolific writer of fiction and non-fiction; he created the Governor General's Literary Award with two award categories. Successive governors general have followed suit, establishing an award for whichever endeavour they personally found important. Only Adrienne Clarkson created three Governor General's Awards: the Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts, the Governor General's Northern Medal, and the Governor General's Medal in Architecture (though this was effectively a continuation of the Massey Medal, first established in 1950).
Rupert García
Rupert García (born in 1941), is an American Chicano visual artist, and educator. He is known as a painter, pastellist, and screen printer. In the 1960s, he led a Chicano movement against 'Yankee' culture through the production and use of posters and screen prints. He worked in collaboration with many Chicanx artists at different printing and art studios in the Los Angeles area, and made many activist works in support of the Chicano movement. In 1970, he co-founded the Galería de la Raza in San Francisco. He is a professor emeritus of art at San Jose State University since 2011.

Third World Liberation Front
In 1968, the Third World Liberation Front (TWLF), a coalition of the Black Students Union, the Native Students Room, the Latin American Students Organization, the Filipino American Collegiate Endeavor (PACE) the Filipino-American Students Organization, the Asian American Political Alliance, and El Renacimiento, a Mexican-American student organization, formed at San Francisco State University (SFSU) to call for campus reform. Another Third World Liberation Front was formed at University of California, Berkeley in January 1969. These coalitions initiated and sustained the Third World Liberation Front strikes of 1968, one of the longest student strikes in US history.
Maya Graf
Maya Graf (born 28 February 1962) is a Swiss politician. She is a member of the Council of States from the Canton of Basel-Landschaft. From 2001 to 2019, she was a member of the National Council of Switzerland. From 2012 to 2013, she was the president of the council, the first member of the Green Party to hold that seat.

Graf was first elected to the National Council in 2001 and has been re-elected ever since. She was elected President of the National Council in 2012 with 173 out of 189 delegates voting in her favour.

Council of States (Switzerland)
The Council of States is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, the other house  being the National Council. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism.

It comprises 46 members. Twenty of the country's cantons are represented by two councillors each. Six cantons, traditionally called "half cantons", are represented by one councillor each for historical reasons. These are Obwalden, Nidwalden, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft, Appenzell Ausserrhoden and Appenzell Innerrhoden. The councillors serve for four years, and are not bound in their vote to instructions from the cantonal authorities.
Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Kyiv
The Archeparchy of Kyiv  is a Ukrainian Greek Catholic archeparchy of the Catholic Church, that is located in the central part of Ukraine.  The ordinary is the Archeparch of Kyiv who is also the Metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province of Kyiv-Halych and the Primate of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The incumbent Archeparch is Sviatoslav Shevchuk. He is assisted by two auxiliary bishops: Bohdan Dzyurakh and Josyf Milyan. The Archeparchy of Kyiv founded the newspaper "Sobor".

Ordinary (church officer)
An ordinary (from Latin ordinarius) is an officer of a church or civic authority who by reason of office has ordinary power to execute laws.

Such officers are found in hierarchically organised churches of Western Christianity which have an ecclesiastical legal system. For example, diocesan bishops are ordinaries in the Catholic Church and the Church of England. In Eastern Christianity, a corresponding officer is called a hierarch (from Greek ἱεράρχης hierarkhēs "president of sacred rites, high-priest" which comes in turn from τὰ ἱερά ta hiera, "the sacred rites" and ἄρχω arkhō, "I rule").

During at least the 17th and 18th centuries the title of Ordinary was used for prison chaplains in England, such as the one who attended condemned men before their execution at Newgate.
BRP Dagupan City
BRP Dagupan City (LS-551) is the second and last ship of two Bacolod City-class logistics support vessel, and is based on a helicopter capable variant of the US Army Frank S. Besson class. She is also considered one of the most modern transport ships in the Philippine Navy, having been commissioned during the early 1990s.  She was previously known as BRP Dagupan City (LC-551) prior to a classification change implemented by the Philippine Navy starting April 2016

Auxiliary ship
An auxiliary ship is a naval ship designed to support combatant ships and other naval operations. Auxiliary ships are not primary combatant vessels, though they may have some limited combat capacity, usually for purposes of self-defense.

Auxiliary ships are extremely important for navies of all sizes because if they were not present the primary fleet vessels would be unsupported. Thus, virtually every navy maintains an extensive fleet of auxiliary ships, however, the composition and size of these auxiliary fleets vary depending on the nature of each navy and its primary mission. Smaller coastal navies tend to have smaller auxiliary vessels focusing primarily on littoral and training support roles, while larger blue-water navies tend to have larger auxiliary fleets comprising longer-range fleet support vessels designed to provide support far beyond territorial waters.
Ajit Kumar Singh
Ajit Kumar Singh (10 February 1962 – 1 August 2007) was an Indian politician who was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha. He represented the Bikramganj constituency of Bihar and was a member of the Janata Dal (United) (JD(U)) political party. He died in a car accident on 1 August 2007, aged 45.

14th Lok Sabha
The 14th Lok Sabha (2 June 2004 – 18 May 2009) was convened after the 2004 Indian general election, held in four phases during 20 April – 10 May 2004, which led to the formation of the first Manmohan Singh ministry (2004–2009). Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance won 62 more seats than previous 13th Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. 8 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 14th Lok Sabha after the 2004 Indian general election.

The next 15th Lok Sabha was convened after 2009 Indian general election.
Alfred Button
Alfred Cleave Hammond Button was the Dean of Dunedin from 1945 until 1956.

Button was educated at  Selwyn College, Otago and  ordained in 1913. After a curacy at St. Paul's Cathedral, Dunedin he was Priest in charge at Lawrence then Vicar of Waimea Plains. He then held further incumbencies at Caversham, Waikouaiti and Roslyn. He was Archdeacon of Central Otago from 1934 to 1945.

Lawrence, New Zealand
Lawrence is a small town in Otago, in New Zealand's South Island. It is located on State Highway 8, the main route from Dunedin to the inland towns of Queenstown and Alexandra. It lies 35 kilometres to the northwest of Milton, 11 kilometres northwest of Waitahuna, and close to the Tuapeka River, a tributary of the Clutha.
UGC 12682
UGC 12682 is an irregular galaxy, located in the constellation of Pegasus. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 1024 ± 25 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 49.2 ± 3.7 Mly (15.10 ± 1.12 Mpc). In addition, one non redshift measurement gives a distance of 65 Mly (20.0 Mpc). The earliest known reference to this galaxy is from the 1959 journal A Catalogue of Dwarf Galaxies by Sidney Van Den Bergh, where it is listed as DDO 218.

On 7 November 2008, 14-year-old amateur astronomer Caroline Moore from Warwick, New York, became the youngest supernova discoverer at the time, when she found SN 2008ha (Type Ia, mag. 18.8) in UGC 12682.

Warwick, New York
Warwick is a town in the southwestern part of Orange County, New York, United States. Its population was 32,027 at the 2020 census. The town contains three villages (Florida, Greenwood Lake, and Warwick) and eight hamlets (Amity, Bellvale, Edenville, Little York, Wisner, New Milford, Pine Island, and Sterling Forest).
Edith Clements
Edith Gertrude Clements (1874–1971), also known as Edith S. Clements and Edith Schwartz Clements, was an American botanist and pioneer of botanical ecology who was the first woman to be awarded a Ph.D. by the University of Nebraska. She was married to botanist Frederic Clements, with whom she collaborated throughout her professional life. Together they founded the Alpine Laboratory, a research station at Pikes Peak, Colorado. Clements was also a botanical artist who illustrated her own books as well as joint publications with Frederic.

Both Clementses were involved with the study of phytogeography, especially those factors determining the ecology of vegetation in particular regions, and they would be praised as "the most illustrious husband-wife team since the Curies." It is impossible to entirely disentangle the work of each Clementses as they worked together during their noteworthy years.

Phytogeography
Phytogeography (from Greek  φυτόν, phytón 'plant' and  γεωγραφία, geographía 'geography' meaning also distribution) or botanical geography is the branch of biogeography that is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species and their influence on the earth's surface. Phytogeography is concerned with all aspects of plant distribution, from the controls on the distribution of individual species ranges (at both large and small scales, see species distribution) to the factors that govern the composition of entire communities and floras. Geobotany, by contrast, focuses on the geographic space's influence on plants.
Shrimad Bhagavad Gita Rahasya
Shrimad Bhagvad Gita Rahasya, popularly also known as Gita Rahasya or Karmayog Shastra, is a 1915 Marathi language book authored by Indian social reformer and independence activist Bal Gangadhar Tilak while he was in prison at Mandalay, Burma. It is the analysis of Karma yoga which finds its source in the Bhagavad Gita, a sacred book for Hindus. According to him, the real message behind the Bhagavad Gita is Nishkam Karmayoga (selfless action), rather than Karma Sanyasa (renouncing of actions), which had become the popular message of Gita after Adi Shankara. He took the Mimamsa rule of interpretation as the basis of building up his thesis.

Karma yoga
Karma yoga (Sanskrit: कर्म योग), also called Karma marga, is one of the three classical spiritual paths mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita, one based on the "yoga of action", the others being Jnana yoga (path of knowledge) and Bhakti yoga (path of loving devotion to a personal god). To a karma yogi, right action is a form of prayer. The paths are not mutually exclusive in Hinduism, but the relative emphasis between Karma yoga, Jnana yoga and Bhakti yoga varies by the individual.

Of the classical paths to spiritual liberation in Hinduism, karma yoga is the path of unselfish action. It teaches that a spiritual seeker should act according to dharma, without being attached to the fruits or personal consequences. Karma Yoga, states the Bhagavad Gita, purifies the mind. It leads one to consider dharma of work, and the work according to one's dharma, doing god's work and in that sense becoming and being "like unto god Krishna" in every moment of one's life.
Ewald Wurzinger
Ewald Simon Wurzinger (born 12 February 1987 in Graz, Styria) is an Austrian journalist for Radio Vienna at the national public broadcaster ORF and a newspaper columnist for the Kleine Zeitung. He is also known for raising a memorial on Diana, Princess of Wales.

Kleine Zeitung
Kleine Zeitung (German: [ˈklaɪnə ˈtsaɪtʊŋ]; lit. 'Small Newspaper') is an Austrian newspaper based in Graz and Klagenfurt. As the largest regional newspaper in Austria, covering the federal states Styria and Carinthia with East Tyrol, the paper has around 800,000 readers.
Martin Vráblík
Martin Vráblík (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmarcɪn ˈvraːbliːk]; born 4 July 1982 in Vsetín) is a Czech alpine skier. Vráblík has appeared in the 2006 Winter Olympics and at the 2003, 2005 and 2007 World Championships. He has also appeared in some World Cup races, with negligible success.

Vsetín
Vsetín (Czech pronunciation: [ˈfsɛciːn]) is a town in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 25,000 inhabitants. Originally a small town, Vsetín has become an important centre of industrial, economic, cultural and sports life during the 20th century.
Laroya, Punjab
Laroya is a village in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 7.2 kilometres (4.5 mi) away from postal head office Mukandpur, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Banga, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from district headquarter Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar and 106 kilometres (66 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district
Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district is one of twenty-three districts of state of Punjab, India. It is located in Doaba region. It consists of three subdivisions, Nawanshahr, Banga, and Balachaur.
There are three legislative seats in the district, Nawanshahr, Balachaur and Banga. They fall under the Anandpur Sahib Lok Sabha Constituency. Nawanshahr, the district headquarters is about 92 kilometres (57 mi) from Chandigarh, the state's capital.

As of 2011, it is the third least populous district of Punjab (out of 22), after Barnala and Fatehgarh Sahib.
For Your Files Only
"For Your Files Only" is a comedy sketch that aired on Mad TV during its first season on April 6, 1996. The sketch was presented as spoof of the James Bond franchise. The sketch featured supermodel Claudia Schiffer as Jane Bond, a spy who goes undercover as a temporary secretary. The sketch also features Mary Scheer as the villainous Doctor Boss (an amalgamation of Dr. Julius No and Ernst Stavro Blofeld), and Artie Lange as Doctor Boss' henchman Part-Time Job (an amalgamation of Oddjob and Jaws). The sketch is designed as a fictional film trailer from 20th Century Fox, centers on Schiffer as a new kind of secret agent. Instead of having a licence to kill, Jane Bond has a licence to collate.

Jaws (James Bond)
Jaws is a fictional character in the James Bond franchise. He appears in the films The Spy Who Loved Me (1977) and Moonraker (1979), played by Richard Kiel. Depicted as a henchman in the service of various villains, the character is distinguished by his metal teeth, imposing size, immense strength, and near invulnerability. Jaws is regarded as one of the most iconic characters in the franchise and has been featured in various related media.
Mandeep Singh
Mandeep Singh (born 18 December 1991) is an Indian cricketer. He plays for Punjab in the top-flight of Indian cricket. Ahead of India's 2024-25 domestic season, he moved to Tripura. A right-hand batsman who occasionally bowls right arm medium pace, Mandeep has also played for India Blue, and North Zone and for teams in the Indian Premier League. He was the vice-captain of the India under-19 cricket team for the 2010 Under-19 World Cup.

On 18 July 2012, he was among the 30 probables named for the World T20 tournament to be played in Sri Lanka in September 2012. However, he was not selected in the final 15-member squad.

He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut against Zimbabwe at Harare Sports Club on 18 June 2016.

North Zone cricket team
The North Zone cricket team is a first-class cricket team that represents northern India in the Duleep Trophy and Deodhar Trophy. It is a composite team of players from seven first-class Indian teams from northern India competing in the Ranji Trophy: Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab and Services. North Zone has the strongest track record of all the zones in the Duleep Trophy, as they have won the Trophy 17 times, with the next best team, West Zone having won 16 times. They hold the record for the most consecutive titles, five, from 1990/91 through to 1994/95.
Aase syndrome
Aase syndrome or Aase–Smith syndrome is a rare inherited disorder characterized by anemia with some joint and skeletal deformities. Aase syndrome is thought to be an autosomal dominant inherited disorder. The genetic basis of the disease is not known. The anemia is caused by underdevelopment of the bone marrow, which is where blood cells are formed.

It is named after the American paediatricians Jon Morton Aase and David Weyhe Smith, who characterized it in 1968.

Skeleton
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals. There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is a rigid outer shell that holds up an organism's shape; the endoskeleton, a rigid internal frame to which the organs and soft tissues attach; and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal structure supported by the hydrostatic pressure of body fluids.

Vertebrates are animals with an endoskeleton centered around an axial vertebral column, and their skeletons are typically composed of bones and cartilages. Invertebrates are other animals that lack a vertebral column, and their skeletons vary, including hard-shelled exoskeleton (arthropods and most molluscs), plated internal shells (e.g. cuttlebones in some cephalopods) or rods (e.g. ossicles in echinoderms), hydrostatically supported body cavities (most), and spicules (sponges). Cartilage is a rigid connective tissue that is found in the skeletal systems of vertebrates and invertebrates.