hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Culture of the Tlingit
The culture of the Tlingit, an Indigenous people from Alaska, British Columbia, and the Yukon, is multifaceted, a characteristic of Northwest Coast peoples with access to easily exploited rich resources. In Tlingit culture a heavy emphasis is placed upon family and kinship, and on a rich tradition of oratory. Wealth and economic power are important indicators of status, but so is generosity and proper behavior, all signs of "good breeding" and ties to aristocracy. Art and spirituality are incorporated in nearly all areas of Tlingit culture, with even everyday objects such as spoons and storage boxes decorated and imbued with spiritual power and historical associations.

Haida people
The Haida (English:  /ˈhaɪdə/, Haida: X̱aayda, X̱aadas, X̱aad, X̱aat) are an Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. They constitute one of 203 First Nations in British Columbia and 231 federally recognized tribes in Alaska.

Their traditional territory include Haida Gwaii, an archipelago off the coast of British Columbia, and the southern half of Prince of Wales Island, in Southeast Alaska. Their language is Haida, a linguistic isolate. The Haida are known for their craftsmanship, trading skills, and seamanship. They are known to have frequently carried out raids and to have practiced slavery.

In Canada, the Haida are represented by Council of the Haida Nation (CHN), in addition to the two village band governments, Old Massett Village Council and Skidegate Band Council. Federally recognized Haida tribes in the United States include the Central Council of the Tlingit & Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska and the Hydaburg Cooperative Association.
Mthokozisi Shezi
Mthokozisi Shezi (born 9 September 1987) is a South African cricket umpire and former cricketer who played in the 2006 Under-19 Cricket World Cup in Sri Lanka. His first-class and List A cricket has been for KwaZulu-Natal and Dolphins.

He made his One Day International debut against Zimbabwe in August 2014. He was included in the South Western Districts cricket team for the 2015 Africa T20 Cup. In August 2017, he was named in Durban Qalandars' squad for the first season of the T20 Global League. However, in October 2017, Cricket South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, mainly due to delay in securing a television broadcast deal and sponsorship rights, with the tournament being cancelled soon after.

South Western Districts cricket team
South Western Districts, known as SW Districts or SWD, is a South African first class cricket team based in the Western Cape city of Oudtshoorn, representing approximately the eastern half of Western Cape province. They form part of the Cape Cobras franchise, and play their home games at the Oudtshoorn Recreation Ground.
Schistura geisleri
Schistura geisleri is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Schistura, the most speciose of the genera within the stone loach family, Nemacheilidae. Its known range is in the upper parts of the Chao Praya in Thailand but it has also been reported from the Tapi River in Peninsular Thailand, as it has not been recorded from the darainages between these two systems the taxonomic status of the Tapi population may need to be reassessed. Its habitat is slow flowing streams with depths no greater than 30 cm during the dry season and in shallow riffles with a substrate consisting of pebbles which are up to 5 cm in diameter, with a moderate current and clear water.

Nemacheilidae
The Nemacheilidae, or stone loaches, are a family of cypriniform fishes that inhabit stream environments, mostly in Eurasia, with one genus, Afronemacheilus, found in Africa. The family includes about 790 species.
Kudintsevo
Kudintsevo (Russian: Кудинцево) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') and the administrative center of Kudintsevky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Lgovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  521 (2010 Census); 670 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Berwick (Columbus, Ohio)
Berwick is a residential neighborhood located on the east side of Columbus, Ohio. It is one of the most unique neighborhoods in Columbus with mid-century homes, wide winding streets, and a "suburban" feel. Berwick is characterized by its warm nature and welcoming community atmosphere, as well as its diverse population, including significant numbers of African American and Jewish citizens. The median household income is higher than the state average at $84,173, and the average household net worth is $509,793. The median age of residents is 46. Notable Columbus citizens, including Heisman Trophy Winner Archie Griffin and Columbus Mayor Michael B. Coleman, have resided in the area.

Archie Griffin
Archie Mason Griffin (born August 21, 1954) is an American former professional football running back who played with the Cincinnati Bengals in the National Football League (NFL) for seven seasons. He played college football for the Ohio State Buckeyes, where he became the only two-time Heisman Trophy winner in NCAA history, 1974–1975, and is considered one of the greatest college football players of all time. Griffin won four Big Ten Conference titles with the Buckeyes and was the first player to ever start in four Rose Bowls. He was selected in the first round by the Bengals in the 1976 NFL draft.
Sofiya Zenchenko
Sofiya Zenchenko (born (1997-07-10)10 July 1997) is a Ukrainian weightlifter, who represented Ukraine at international competitions.

She won the bronze medal in the 63 kg category at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics.

2014 Summer Youth Olympics
The 2014 Summer Youth Olympics (Chinese: 2014年夏季青年奧林匹克运动会; pinyin: Èr líng yī sì Nián Xiàjì Qīngnián Àolínpǐkè Yùndònghuì), officially known as the II Summer Youth Olympic Games Chinese: 第二届夏季青年奧林匹克运动会; pinyin: Dì'èrjiè Xiàjì Qīngnián Àolínpǐkè Yùndònghuì, and commonly known as Nanjing 2014 (Chinese: 南京2014; pinyin: Nánjīng Èr Líng yī sì), were the second Summer Youth Olympic Games, an international sports, education and cultural festival for teenagers, held from 16 to 28 August 2014 in Nanjing, China. These were the first Youth Olympic Games held in China, making it the first country to host both regular and Youth Olympics following the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and the first Youth Olympic Games under the IOC presidency of Thomas Bach.
Quévy
Quévy (French pronunciation: [kevi]; Picard: Kévi) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

On 1 January 2006, Quévy had a total population of 7,734. The total area is 65.16 km2 which gives a population density of 119 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Asquillies, Aulnois, Blaregnies, Bougnies, Genly, Givry, Gœgnies-Chaussée, Havay, Quévy-le-Grand, and Quévy-le-Petit.

It is on the former main rail route between Brussels and Paris, and it was the virtual tariff border between the French SNCF and Belgian Railways SNCB.

National Railway Company of Belgium
The National Railway Company of Belgium (Dutch: Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen, NMBS; French: Société nationale des chemins de fer belges, SNCB; German: Nationale Gesellschaft der Belgischen Eisenbahnen) is the national railway company of Belgium. The company formally styles itself using the Dutch and French abbreviations NMBS/SNCB. The corporate logo designed in 1936 by Henry van de Velde consists of the linguistically neutral letter B in a horizontal oval.
Fritton Lake
Fritton Lake or Fritton Decoy is a lake on the border of the English counties Norfolk and Suffolk, close to the towns Lowestoft and Great Yarmouth. It is located within the parishes Fritton and St Olaves and Somerleyton, Ashby and Herringfleet. A private member's club operates on the Fritton side of the lake, owned by the Somerleyton Estate.

Peter Scott lived in a cottage rented from the second Lord Somerleyton on the north bank of Fritton Lake during the 1930s.

Fritton and St Olaves
Fritton and St Olaves is a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The parish comprises the villages of Fritton and St. Olaves, together with the surrounding rural area.

The civil parish has an area of 7.63 km2 (2.95 sq mi) and in the 2001 census had a population of 543 in 236 households, the population reducing to 524 at the 2011 census. For the purposes of local government, the parish today falls within the district of Great Yarmouth. Prior to the 1974 reorganisation of counties in England the entire area of the parish was part of the Lothingland Rural District of Suffolk, with the St Olaves portion of the parish of Herringfleet and Fritton as a separate parish.
Shams al-Din Muhammad (Nizari imam)
Shams al-Din Muhammad (Arabic: شمس الدین محمد, romanized: Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad; before 1256 – c. 1310) was the 28th imam of the Nizari Isma'ili community. Little is known about his life. He was the first imam to rule after the destruction of the Nizari state by the Mongol Empire, and spent his life hiding his true identity.

Following his death, the line of succession split into two, the Qasim-Shahi line, which survives to this day in the form of mainstream Nizari Isma'ilism, led by the Aga Khans, and the Muhammad-Shahi or Mu'mini line, which has diminished today to a few thousand followers in Syria.

Farhad Daftary
Farhad Daftary (Persian: فرهاد دفترى; born 1938) is a Belgian-born Iranian-British Islamic scholar who is co-director and head of the Department of Academic Research and Publications at the Institute of Ismaili Studies in London.

He was born in Brussels. Daftary received a Ph.D. in Economics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1971.  He is a freelance consulting editor of the Encyclopædia Iranica, co-editor (with W. Madelung) of the Encyclopædia Islamica, and the general editor of the Ismaili Heritage Series and the Ismaili Texts and Translations Series.
Robin Appleyard
Robin Appleyard (born 10 May 1964) is a British former professional motorcycle racer and race team manager. He competed in the 125cc class of Grand Prix motorcycle racing full time from 1985 to 1992. He competed in British Championship 1993~1998. Retiring in ‘98.

Appleyard was born in Shipley, Yorkshire. He won the 125cc Marlboro Clubman's British Championship in 1982, the Shell Oils Championship in 1984, British Super-cup 125cc Championship twice (1993, 1996) and was 125cc National Cup champion in 1995.

When his own racing career was over, Appleyard moved into team management, where he was the original Red Bull Rookie manager. He managed Team Appleyard/Macadam Yamaha, finishing the team in 2022 winning British SuperSport Championships in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020. winning 63 British Championship races with Keith Farmer, Jack Kennedy, Rory Skinner, Brad Perie, and Brad Jones.

Shipley, West Yorkshire
Shipley is a historic market town and civil parish in the City of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. Located on the River Aire and the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, Shipley is directly north of the city of Bradford. The population of Shipley at the 2011 Census was 15,483.

Until 1974, Shipley was an urban district in the West Riding of Yorkshire. The town forms a continuous urban area with Bradford.
Irina Voronkova
Irina Andreyevna Voronkova (Russian: Ирина Андреевна Воронкова; born 20 October 1995) is a Russian professional volleyball player. She is part of the Russia women's national volleyball team and was part of the national teams at the 2015 Summer Universiade in Gwangju, the 2015 Montreux Volley Masters, the 2015 European Games in Baku, the 2016 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix in Thailand, the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro and the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

At club level, she played for Dinamo Moscow, Dinamo Kazan and Zarechie Odintsovo before returning to Dinamo Kazan for a second spell in 2016.

2015 Montreux Volley Masters
The 2015 Montreux Volley Masters is a women's volleyball competition set in Montreux, Switzerland between May 26 – 31, 2015. Turkey won the tournament for the first time by winning 3-2 to Japan in the championship match. Japanese Yuki Ishii was selected Most Valuable Player.
Mehta Basti Ram
Mehta Basti Ram was a Dogra officer and commander of the Fateh Shibji battalion under Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu (later Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir). Basti Ram later served as the governor (thanadar) of Leh in Ladakh between 1847 and 1861. Basti Ram joined the service of Raja Gulab Singh in 1821 and became an officer under General Zorawar Singh during his conquest of Ladakh between 1834 and 1841. After holding positions such as the governor of Taklakot (briefly) and thanadar of Zanskar, he became the second governor of Leh under Maharaja Gulab Singh.

History of Ladakh
Ladakh has a long history with evidence of human settlement from as back as 9000 B.C. It has been a crossroad of high Asia for thousands of years and has seen many cultures, empires and technologies born in its neighbours. As a result of these developments Ladakh has imported many traditions and culture from its neighbours and combining them all gave rise to a unique tradition and culture of its own.
2007 Formula Renault V6 Asia Championship
The 2007 Formula V6 Asia season took place in five Asian countries. The season started on May 5–6 in Sepang and ended on November 3–4 in Zuhai.

British driver James Winslow was crowned the 2007 Formula V6 Asia Champion after last round of the championship.

Sepang International Circuit
Sepang International Circuit (Malay: Litar Antarabangsa Sepang) (known as Petronas Sepang International Circuit for commercial reasons) is a motorsport race track in Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia. It is located approximately 45-kilometre (28 mi) south of Kuala Lumpur, close to Kuala Lumpur International Airport. It hosted the Formula One Malaysian Grand Prix between 1999 and 2017, and is also the venue for the Malaysian Motorcycle Grand Prix, the Malaysia Merdeka Endurance Race, and other major motorsport events. Previously known as the Sepang F1 Circuit, it was renamed the Sepang International Circuit. On 31 October 2023, it was announced that Petronas has acquired the naming rights to the circuit for three years in an undisclosed fee.
Arrondissements of the Côte-d'Or department
The 3 arrondissements of the Côte-d'Or department are:

Arrondissement of Beaune, (subprefecture: Beaune) with 222 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 109,089 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Dijon, (prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department: Dijon) with 224 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 368,440 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Montbard, (subprefecture: Montbard) with 252 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 57,974 in 2021.

Subprefectures in France
In France, a subprefecture (French: sous-préfecture) is the commune that hosts the administrative centre of an arrondissement (a primary division of a department). The commune that hosts the administrative center for the whole department is known as the prefecture. The term "subprefecture" also applies to the building that houses the administrative headquarters for an arrondissement.

The civil servant in charge of a subprefecture is the subprefect, assisted by a general secretary. Between May 1982 and February 1988, subprefects were known instead by the title Deputy Commissioner of the Republic (commissaire adjoint de la République). Where the administration of an arrondissement is carried out from a prefecture, the general secretary to the prefect carries out duties equivalent to those of the subprefect.

(The municipal arrondissements of Paris, Lyon and Marseille are divisions of the commune rather than the department. They are not arrondissements in the same sense.)
School buses by country
Buses play a key role in student transport by transporting students to and from school. They often have a high seating capacity and a high degree of safety compared to other modes of transportation. The use of buses in student transport varies worldwide, and may take the form of

the use of public transportation by students,

transit buses set aside to transport students, or

purpose-built school buses owned and operated by school systems or contractors.

Yellow school buses are most commonly associated with North America, where federal and state/provincial regulations have influenced their design characteristics, including its yellow color. When loading or unloading students, yellow school buses are given traffic priority. Their red warning lights and stop signs allow them to stop traffic.

Hyundai Universe
The Hyundai Universe (hangul:현대 유니버스) is a heavy-duty luxury coach manufactured by the truck & bus division of Hyundai. Introduced in November 2006, it is primarily available as luxury hi-classic tourist buses. It is related to its sibling, the second generation Kia Granbird since 2007.

It is distinguishable by a front 'Universe' badge by Hyundai's global standard luxury coach, but the common Hyundai badge is luxurious bus design usually used on the rear.

Its principal competitor is the Zyle Daewoo Bus FX series, and BX212 and Kia Granbird.
Hunzib language
Hunzib is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Hunzib people in the Tsunta and Kizilyurt districts of Dagestan and in two villages across the Russian border in Georgia. Hunzib is not an official language, and it is rarely written.

Absolutive case
In grammar, the absolutive case (abbreviated ABS) is the case of nouns in ergative–absolutive languages that would generally be the subjects of intransitive verbs or the objects of transitive verbs in the translational equivalents of nominative–accusative languages such as English.
Nikolai Lunin (scientist)
Nikolai Ivanovich Lunin (21 May 1854 – 18 June 1937) was a Russian Empire and later Soviet scientist who was the first to discover the existence of vitamins.

As a student in Basel, he fed mice on a diet of proteins, fats, sugar, salts and water, but they died. He concluded that in addition to casein, fat, milk sugar and salts, milk must contain other substances that are indispensable for nutrition.

His dissertation was published abroad in 1881, however other scientists were unable to replicate his work. Lunin had used cane sugar, but others used ill-purified milk sugar, which turned out to contain vitamin B, which saved the mice. Frederick Gowland Hopkins, in his Nobel Prize lecture, references Lunin's work.

Lunin is buried at Volkovo Cemetery in St Petersburg, next to his wife, who died two years before him.

Volkovo Cemetery
The Volkovo Cemetery (also Volkovskoe) (Russian: Во́лковское кла́дбище or Во́лково кла́дбище) is one of the largest and oldest non-Orthodox cemeteries in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Until the early 20th century it was one of the main burial grounds for Lutheran Germans in Russia. It is estimated that over 100,000 people have been buried at this cemetery since 1773.
Luka Bukić
Luka Bukić (born 20 April 1994) is a Croatian water polo player. He was part of the Croatian team at the 2016 Summer Olympics, and the 2024 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal each year. Bukić also competed for Croatia at the 2020 Summer Olympics, where the team finished in fifth place.

Water polo at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament of Water polo at the 2016 Summer Olympics at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, began on 6 August and ended on 20 August 2016. Games were held at the Maria Lenk Aquatics Centre and the Olympic Aquatics Stadium.

Serbia won the gold medal by defeating Croatia in the final. Bronze was won by Italy after beating Montenegro. After the Rio Olympics, Serbia national team held Olympic Games, World Championship, European Championship, World Cup and World League titles simultaneously.
Soke (dance)
Sōkē or eke is a Tongan group dance performed with sticks which the performers hit against each other on the beat of the drum. It has some common elements with, but is a complete independent development from the English Morris dance. As with most Tongan dances, the whole performance is to dazzle the spectators and to please the chiefs. There is no hidden purpose.

Nukuʻalofa
Nukuʻalofa (/ˌnuːkuəˈloʊfə/ NOO-koo-ə-LOH-fə, Tongan: [nukuʔaˈlofa]) is the capital and largest city of Tonga. It is located on the north coast of the island of Tongatapu, in the country's southernmost island group.
Clube da Esquina
Clube da Esquina (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈklubi dɐjsˈkinɐ], in English "Corner Club") was a Brazilian music artists collective, originating in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. It is also the name of a double album from 1972. Clube da Esquina mixes baroque pop, progressive rock, bossa nova and jazz styles, with Brazilian folk music and classical music influences. The Beatles and the Platters were also an important influence on Clube da Esquina.

Together with Tropicália, Clube da Esquina is usually regarded as the Brazilian musical movement that achieved the greatest international resonance in the post-bossa nova period (beginning in the late 1960s and early 1970s).

The Platters
The Platters are an American rhythm and blues vocal group formed in 1952. They are one of the most successful vocal bands of the early rock and roll era. Their distinctive sound bridges the pre-rock Tin Pan Alley tradition and the new burgeoning genre. The act has gone through multiple line-ups over the years, earning it the branding tag "Many Voices One Name", with the most successful incarnation comprising lead tenor Tony Williams, David Lynch, Paul Robi, naming member Herb Reed, and Zola Taylor. The Platters had 40 charting singles on the  Billboard Hot 100 between 1955 and 1967, including four number-one hits. In 1990, the band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The group continues to perform around the world with "Herb Reed Enterprises" (an LLC set up by Reed in response to numerous fake Platters groups) owning the rights and trademark to the name.
Women's Full-Contact at W.A.K.O European Championships 2004 Budva -65 kg
The women's light heavyweight (65 kg/143 lbs) Full-Contact category at the W.A.K.O. European Championships 2004 in Budva was the fourth heaviest of the female Full-Contact tournaments and involved just four fighters.  Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Full-Contact kickboxing rules.

The tournament champion was Russia's Maria Karlova who added to the gold she had won in Paris the previous year by defeating host nation Serbia and Montenegro's Marija Ristović in the final by unanimous decision.  Defeated semi finalists Katalin Csehi from Hungary and Anne Katas from Finland gained bronze medals.

Unanimous decision
A unanimous decision (UD) is a winning criterion in several full-contact combat sports, such as boxing, kickboxing, Muay Thai, mixed martial arts and other sports involving striking and submission in which all three judges agree on which fighter won the match.

In boxing, each of the three judges keeps score (round by round) of which fighter they feel is winning (and losing). This only includes landed blows to the head or the body. In MMA, judges look for different criteria such as kicks, take-downs, punches, knees, elbows, cage control, submission attempts, and aggression. A decision is not required to be unanimous for a boxer or mixed martial artist to be given a victory. In the modern era of Olympic boxing, UD is utilized more often than other outcomes, including stoppages. Unanimous decision should not be confused with a majority decision or split decision.