hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Burwell C. Ritter
Burwell Clark Ritter (January 6, 1810 – October 1, 1880) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky, uncle of Walter Evans.

Born near Russellville, Kentucky, Ritter received a limited schooling.  He served as member of the Kentucky House of Representatives in 1842 and 1850.

Ritter was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1867).  He was not a candidate for renomination in 1866.  He engaged in agricultural pursuits.  He died in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, October 1, 1880.  He was interred in Hopewell (later known as Riverside) Cemetery.

Kentucky House of Representatives
The Kentucky House of Representatives is the lower house of the Kentucky General Assembly. It is composed of 100 Representatives elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. Not more than two counties can be joined to form a House district, except when necessary to preserve the principle of equal representation. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. The Kentucky House of Representatives convenes at the State Capitol in Frankfort.
Machilipatnam mandal
Machilipatnam mandal is one of the 25 mandals in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Machilipatnam revenue division, and the headquarters are located in Machilipatnam town. The mandal is bounded by Bantumilli, Pedana, Gudur, Ghantasala, Challapalli, and Koduru mandals.

In March 2023, the state government put forth a proposal for the bifurcation of Machilipatnam mandal into  Machilipatnam North and Machilipatnam South mandals.

Pedana
Pedana is a municipality and the headquarters of Pedana mandal under Machilipatnam revenue division of Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located at a distance of 8 km (5.0 mi) from the district headquarters, Machilipatnam.
James Dobson Elementary School
The James Dobson Elementary School is a historic American elementary school in the Manayunk neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

It is part of the School District of Philadelphia, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Elementary schools in the United States
In the United States, elementary schools are the main point of delivery for primary education, teaching children between the ages of 5–10 (sometimes 4-10 or 4-12) and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.

In 2017, there were 106,147 elementary schools (73,686 public, 32,461 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from first grade through eighth grade.  According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2020 almost 32.8 million students attended public primary schools. It is usually from pre-kindergarten through fifth grade, although the NCES displays this data as pre-kindergarten through eighth grade.
Jordan Walden
Jordan Craig Walden (born November 16, 1987) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Atlanta Braves, and St. Louis Cardinals.

Strain (injury)
A strain is an acute or chronic soft tissue injury that occurs to a muscle, tendon, or both. The equivalent injury to a ligament is a sprain. Generally, the muscle or tendon overstretches and partially tears, under more physical stress than it can withstand, often from a sudden increase in duration, intensity, or frequency of an activity. Strains most commonly occur in the foot, leg, or back. Initial treatment typically includes rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE).
TS Venkitachalam
TS Venkitachalam was an Indian cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Kerala.

Venkitachalam made a single first-class appearance for the side, during the 1959–60 season, against Madras. From the opening order, he scored a duck in the first innings in which he batted, and, when switched to the lower order in the second innings, scored 2 runs.

Venkitachalam's son, Venkitachalam Manohar, also played for Kerala.

Tamil Nadu cricket team
The Tamil Nadu cricket team is a domestic cricket team run by Tamil Nadu Cricket Association representing the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It has been one of the most dominant teams in white-ball domestic cricket in India. The team plays in Ranji Trophy, the highest tier of the domestic first-class cricket tournament in India and in List A tournaments Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. They have won the Ranji Trophy twice and have finished runners-up nine times.

They are the team that has won the Vijay Hazare Trophy  and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy most often. They were the first team to win the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy in 2006/07. The team was known as Madras until the 1970–71 season before the Madras state was renamed Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu is the only team to win the five different Indian domestic trophies (Ranji Trophy, Irani Trophy, Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, Vijay Hazare Trophy and Deodhar Trophy).
Peninsula Mile Houses
Peninsula Mile Houses began to be opened, in 1849, with the organization of a stagecoach line service connecting San Francisco and San Jose, California, U.S.. They served as stagecoach stop locations for transfer, rest, and refreshment, for travelers and horses, on the rough journey that spanned at least nine hours from San Francisco to San Jose.

Daly City, California
Daly City (/ˈdeɪli/) is the second-most populous city in San Mateo County, California, United States. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area, and immediately south of San Francisco (sharing its northern border with almost all of San Francisco's southern border), it is named for businessman and landowner John Donald Daly.  Its population was 104,901 at the 2020 census. The racial makeup of Daly City was 57.3% Asian, 11.7% non-Hispanic White, and 23.1% Hispanic or Latino of any race in the 2020 census. Notably, 33.2% of the population of Daly City is Filipino.
Okoshi-juku
Okoshi-juku (起宿, Okoshi-juku) was the sixth of nine post stations along the Minoji. It is located in the present-day city of Ichinomiya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Established on edge of the Kiso River, the post station was also on the border of Mino and Owari provinces.

Mino Province
Mino Province (美濃国, Mino no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.no (no kɯ.ɲi), mʲi.noꜜ-]) was a province of Japan in the area of Japan that is today southern Gifu Prefecture. Mino was bordered by  Ōmi to the west, Echizen and Hida to the north, Shinano to the east, and Ise, Mikawa, and Owari to the south. Its abbreviated form name was Nōshū or Jōshū (濃州). Under the Engishiki classification system, Mino was ranked as one of the 13 "great countries" (大国) in terms of importance, and one of the "near countries" (近国) in terms of distance from the capital. The provincial capital and ichinomiya were located in what is now the town of Tarui.
Gatineau Hot Air Balloon Festival
The Gatineau Hot Air Balloon Festival (French: Festival de Montgolfières de Gatineau) is an annual festival held in Gatineau, Quebec, Canada, and organized by a not-for-profit organization, during which hot air balloons of every shape and colour are flown and where 300 shows and performances adding up to over 60 hours’ worth of programming are taking place. More than 200,000 visitors and 1,000 RVs usually participate.
It is held over four days in late-August and early September during the Labor Day Weekend.

Dan Bigras
Dan Bigras (born 23 December 1957) is a francophone rock singer and actor from Canada. He has released a number of albums of rock music, beginning with  Ange Animal in 1990.

He is the spokesman of Refuge des Jeunes de Montréal (meaning Refuge of Montreal's youth), an agency to help homeless and at-risk youth. The organisation produces le show du Refuge each year.
Khamisu Ahmed Mailantarki
Khamisu Ahmed Mailantarki is a former Member House of Representatives representing Gombe/Kwami/Funakaye constituencies of Gombe state. He made history in 2011 when he emerged as the only legislator from North-East with the highest Number of vote and was the deputy chairman house committee on FCT area council and member of several other committees such as petroleum upstream, internal security, house services, human right, climate changes and global warming, and solid minerals salt. He is the founder of Mailatantarki Football Care Academy.

Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)
The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) is a federal territory in central Nigeria. Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria, is located in this territory. The FCT was formed in 1976 from parts of the states of old Kaduna, Kwara, Niger, and Plateau states, with the bulk of land mass carved out of Niger state. The Federal Capital Territory is within the North Central region of the country. Unlike other states of Nigeria, which are headed by elected Governors, it is administered by the Federal Capital Territory Administration, headed by a minister, who is appointed by the president.
East Orange High School
East Orange High School was a comprehensive community public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from 1891 to 2002 in East Orange, in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. For most of its existence, the school operated as one of the two secondary schools of the East Orange School District.

Comprehensive high school
Comprehensive high schools are the most widely adopted form of public high schools around the world, designed to provide a well-rounded education to its students. The typical comprehensive high school offers more than one course program of specialization to its students. Comprehensive high schools generally offer a college preparatory course program and one or more foreign language, scientific or vocational course programs. Alternatively, in some educational systems examinations are used to sort students into different high schools for different populations. Other types of high schools specialize in university-preparatory school academic preparation, remedial instruction, or vocational instruction.
Kara Castle
Kara Castle (Turkish: Kara Kalesi) is a castle ruin in Mersin Province, Turkey. Actually its name was Corycus Castle. The ancient town Corycus had two castles; one on the island facing the town and one on the land. So its customary to call the land castle Kara Castle (meaning ‘’land Castle’’ in Turkish).The castle is at 36°27′46″N 34°09′03″E﻿ / ﻿36.46278°N 34.15083°E﻿ / 36.46278; 34.15083. Its distance to Erdemli is 22 kilometres (14 mi) and to Mersin is 59 kilometres (37 mi).

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Antonio Osorio y Villegas
Antonio Osorio y Villegas (also known as Antonio Osorio, Antonio de Osorio y Villegas or Antonio de Villegas y Osorio)  (Villasandino, ca. 1543 - Atlantic Ocean, end March 1608) was a Spanish nobleman and soldier who served as governor of the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo for two terms, and also as president of the Real Audiencia de Santo Domingo.

He was the brother of Governor Diego de Osorio y Villegas, and is most remembered today for having been the executor of the so-called Devastaciones de Osorio in the north and northwest of Hispaniola in the early 1600s.

Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo
The Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo (transl. "Royal Audience of Santo Domingo") was the first court of the Spanish crown in America.  It was created by Ferdinand V of Castile in his decree of 1511, but due to disagreements between the governor of Hispaniola, Diego Colon and the Crown, it was not implemented until it was reestablished by Charles V in his decree of September 14, 1526. This audiencia would become part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain upon the creation of the latter two decades later. Nevertheless, the audiencia president was at the same time governor and captain general of the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, which granted him broad administrative powers and autonomy over the Spanish possessions of the Caribbean and most of its mainland coasts. This combined with the judicial oversight that the audiencia judges had over the region meant that the Santo Domingo Audiencia was the principal political entity of this region during the colonial period.
Deaths in May 2015
The following is a list of notable deaths in May 2015.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship and reason for notability, established cause of death, reference.

Florida Senate
The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The Senate is composed of 40 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of approximately 540,000 residents. The Senate Chamber is located in the State Capitol building.

The Republicans hold a supermajority in the chamber with 27 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 11 seats. One seat is held by an independent, and one seat is vacant.
Species 2000
Species 2000 is a federation of database organizations around the world that compiles the Catalogue of Life, a comprehensive checklist of the world's species, in partnership with the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). The creation of Species 2000 was initiated by Frank Bisby and colleagues at the University of Reading in the UK in 1997 and the Catalogue of Life was first published in 2001. While administrators and member organizations of Species 2000 are located around the world, the secretariat is located at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden, Netherlands.

Naturalis Biodiversity Center
Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Dutch: Nederlands Centrum voor Biodiversiteit Naturalis) is a national museum of natural history and a research center on biodiversity in Leiden, Netherlands. It was named the European Museum of the Year 2021.
Although its current name and organization are relatively recent, the history of Naturalis can be traced back to the early 1800s. Its collection includes approximately 42 million specimens, making it one of the largest natural history collections in the world.
Northwest Labor Press
The Northwest Labor Press is a newspaper which covers the American labor movement in the Pacific Northwest. It was known as the Portland Labor Press from 1900 to 1915, the Oregon Labor Press until 1986, the Oregon/Washington Labor Press until 1987, and by its present name since then.

The newspaper covers union organizing campaigns, contract negotiations, strikes, and news about labor unions in Oregon and southwest Washington.

The target audience for the journal comprises workers, and union leaders and members. Its reporting is sometimes picked up in other publications.

The Northwest Labor Press was founded in 1900, and is one of the oldest trade union publications in the United States.  It is published biweekly by the Oregon Labor Press Publishing Company, a non-profit organization co-owned by 20 local labor unions and the Oregon AFL-CIO.

Oregon AFL–CIO
The Oregon American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (ORAFL–CIO) is the Oregon state affiliate of the AFL–CIO, the largest union federation in the United States.

The Oregon AFL–CIO engages in assisting unions in organizing, political education campaigns, legislative advocacy, building labor-community partnerships, education and training. Among the Oregon AFL–CIO's areas of interest are: creating family-wage jobs, workers' rights, economic development, community engagement, activist training and labor education.
Esperance (suburb)
The suburb of Esperance is the central business district of the town of Esperance, in the Shire of Esperance, Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia. It is located on Esperance Bay, on the Southern Ocean.

The suburb of Esperance is on the traditional land of the Njunga people of the Noongar nation. The Njunga were previously part of the Wudjari Noongar, but separated from them for cultural reasons.

The suburb is home to a number of State heritage listed places, the Dempster Homestead, the Bijou Theatre and the RSL Building, which also includes the war memorial and the Norfolk pine trees.

Esperance, Western Australia
Esperance (Wudjari: Kepa Kurl (/kɛp.pɑː kɜːrl/ Kep-pa Kurl)) is a town in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, on the Southern Ocean coastline approximately 720 kilometres (450 mi) east-southeast of the state capital, Perth and 391 kilometres (243 mi) south of Kalgoorlie.

The urban population of Esperance was 12,003 at June 2018. Its major industries are tourism, agriculture, and fishing.
Safiyanu
SafiyanuSafiyanu.oggⓘ is a Nigerian male given name and surname predominantly used among Muslims, particularly within the Hausa community. Derived from Arabic, "Safiyan" which signifies "Pure Gold; Diamond". The female given name is Safiya.

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.
Megalocoelacanthus
Megalocoelacanthus dobiei is an extinct species of giant latimeriid coelacanth lobe-finned fish which lived during the Lower Campanian epoch until possibly the early Maastrichtian in the Late Cretaceous period in Appalachia, the Western Interior Seaway and Mississippi Embayment. Its disarticulated remains have been recovered from the Eutaw Formation, Mooreville Chalk Formation, and Blufftown Formation of Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia, and also from the Niobrara Formation of Kansas.  Although no complete skeleton is known, careful examination of skeletal elements demonstrate it is closely related to the Jurassic-aged coelacanthid Libys. The species is named for herpetologist James L. Dobie. It has been estimated to have been 3.5–4.5 metres (11–15 ft) in length.

Mooreville Chalk
The Mooreville Chalk is a geological formation in North America, within the U.S. states of Alabama and Mississippi, which were part of the subcontinent of Appalachia. The strata date back to the early Santonian to the early Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous. The chalk was formed by pelagic sediments deposited along the eastern edge of the Mississippi embayment. It is a unit of the Selma Group and consists of the upper Arcola Limestone Member and an unnamed lower member. Dinosaur, mosasaur, and primitive bird remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the Mooreville Chalk Formation.
Saturn B-1
Studied in 1959, the Saturn B-1 was a four-stage concept rocket similar to the Jupiter-C, and consisted of a Saturn IB first stage, a cluster of four Titan I first stages used for a second stage, a S-IV third stage and a Centaur high-energy liquid-fueled fourth stage. Like its proposed predecessors, the Saturn B-1 never flew and neither did the Titan cluster stage. The S-IV however flew on the Saturn I.

HGM-25A Titan I
The Martin Marietta SM-68A/HGM-25A Titan I was the United States' first multistage intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), in use from 1959 until 1962. Though the SM-68A was operational for only three years, it spawned numerous follow-on models that were a part of the U.S. arsenal and space launch capability. The Titan I was unique among the Titan models in that it used liquid oxygen and RP-1 as propellants; all subsequent versions used storable propellants instead.

Originally designed as a backup in case the U.S. Air Force's SM-65 Atlas missile development ran into problems, the Titan was ultimately beaten into service by Atlas. Deployment went ahead anyway to more rapidly increase the number of missiles on alert and because the Titan's missile silo basing was more survivable than Atlas.

The succeeding LGM-25C Titan II served in the U.S. nuclear deterrent until 1987 and had increased capacity and range in addition to the different propellants.
Maximum security prison
Maximum security prisons and supermax prisons are grades of high security level used by prison systems in various countries, which pose a higher level of security to prevent prisoners from escaping and/or doing harm to other inmates or security guards.

For the United States, see Incarceration in the United States § Security levels

For Canada, see Correctional Service of Canada § Security classification of offenders

For other prison systems, see Prison § Security levels

Supermax prison
A super-maximum security (supermax) or administrative maximum (ADX) prison is a "control-unit" prison, or a unit within prisons, which represents the most secure level of custody in the prison systems of certain countries.

The objective is to provide long-term, segregated housing for inmates classified as the highest security risks in the prison system and those who pose an extremely serious threat to both national and global security.
Murphy Agnew
Murphy Alexandra Agnew (born November 10, 1998) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a forward or midfielder for Première Ligue club Strasbourg. She previously played for Scottish club Celtic, Australian club Newcastle Jets, and Icelandic club Þróttur. She played college soccer for the Harvard Crimson.

Knattspyrnufélagið Þróttur
Knattspyrnufélagið Þróttur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰnahtˌspɪ(r)tnʏˌfjɛːˌlaijɪð ˈθrouhtʏr̥], lit. 'Strength Football Club'), also referred to as Þróttur Reykjavík or Throttur, is a professional sports club from Reykjavík in Iceland. The club runs a football department as well as handball, volleyball and tennis departments. The club has enjoyed tremendous success in men's volleyball, winning a total of 14 Icelandic Championships since 1974. The handball department enjoyed great success in the early 1980s, winning its major honour, the Icelandic handball cup, in 1981. Football has been played by the club from start, and is the biggest of the four departments.
Order of the Crown of the Realm
The Most Exalted Order of the Crown of the Realm (Malay: Darjah Utama Seri Mahkota Negara) is a Malaysian federal award. It is ranked lower than the Order of the Royal Family of Malaysia.

It should not be confused with the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia.

State decoration
A state decoration is an object, such as a medal or the insignia of an order, that is awarded by a sovereign state to honor the recipient.

The term includes civil awards and decorations, as well as military awards and decorations.