hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raymond D. Kell
Raymond Davis Kell (June 7, 1904 – November 2, 1986), most often known as Ray Kell, was an American television researcher at RCA.  He was awarded the Stuart Ballantine Medal in 1948 for being a pioneer in the development of color television.

Kell was born on June 7, 1904, in Kell, Illinois, and received his B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Illinois in 1926. From 1927 to 1930 he was engaged in television research in the radio consulting laboratory of General Electric. From 1930 to 1941 he worked in the research division of the RCA Manufacturing Company, and from 1941 he was with the RCA Laboratories Division. He received a "Modern Pioneer" award from the National Association of Manufacturers in February 1940 for inventions in television. Kell died in Mesa, Arizona on November 2, 1986, at the age of 82.

Mesa, Arizona
Mesa (/ˈmeɪsə/ ⓘ MAY-sə) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. The population was 504,258 at the 2020 census. It is the third-most populous city in Arizona, after Phoenix and Tucson, the 37th-most populous city in the U.S., and the most populous city that is not a county seat (except for independent cities Washington, D.C. and Baltimore which are not part of any county). It is the most populous city in the East Valley of the Phoenix metropolitan area. It borders Tempe on the west, the Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community on the north, Chandler and Gilbert on the south along with Queen Creek, and Apache Junction on the east.

At least ten colleges and universities were located in Mesa, as is the Mesa Arizona Temple, one of the first LDS temples constructed outside of Utah. The city is home to the largest relief airport in the Phoenix area, Mesa Gateway Airport, located in the southeastern corner of the city.
Xinglong, Luding County
Xinglong (Chinese: 兴隆镇; pinyin: Xīnglóng Zhèn; Tibetan: ཞིན་ལུང་གྲོང་རྡལ།, Wylie: zhin lung grong rdal) is a town in the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan, China.

In 2019, Xinglong had a total population of 9,255.

Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
30°02′58″N 101°57′44″E﻿ / ﻿30.0495°N 101.9623°E﻿ / 30.0495; 101.9623

Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, often shortened to Ganzi Prefecture, is an autonomous prefecture in the western arm of Sichuan province, China bordering Yunnan to the south, the Tibet Autonomous Region to the west, and Gansu to the north and northwest.

The prefecture's area is 151,078 square kilometres (58,332 sq mi). The population is approximately 880,000, with Tibetans accounting for 77.8% of the total population.  The capital city of Garzê is Kangding (Dartsedo).
Abbas Rehema
Abbas Hussein Rehema Al-Mutairi (Arabic: عباس حسين رحيمة المطيري, born July 1, 1989) is an Iraqi footballer who plays as a midfielder for Al Shorta. He was called up for the Iraq national football team for the 2014 World Cup qualification. He is the younger brother of Ali Rehema the Iraq national team defender.

2014 FIFA World Cup qualification (AFC)
The Asian Football Confederation (AFC) section of the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification saw 43 teams competing for 4 or 5 berths in the final tournament in Brazil. As in recent tournaments the AFC had four direct qualifiers for the finals tournament in addition to a further possible place via the intercontinental play-offs against CONMEBOL's fifth-placed team, which was chosen through a random draw, rather than being decided by FIFA beforehand as in previous tournaments (e.g., 2010 against a team from OFC, 2006 against a team from CONCACAF). Iran and South Korea from Group A, along with Australia and Japan from Group B won the 4 direct qualification positions, with Jordan defeating Uzbekistan in a play-off to see which team would face the 5th placed CONMEBOL team, Uruguay, for a place in the World Cup, eventually also failed to qualify for the competition.
Shensipus
Shensipus is an ichnogenus of dinosaur footprint. They were described from footprints found in Jiaoping Coal Mine by C. C. Young in 1966, which are part of the Zhiluo Formation. The genus was suggested in 2015 to be a synonym of Anomoepus.

Yang Zhongjian
Yang Zhongjian, also Yang Chung-chien (Chinese: 杨钟健; Wade–Giles: Yang2 Chung1-chien4; 1 June 1897 – 15 January 1979), courtesy name Keqiang (克强), also known as C.C. (Chung Chien) Young, was a Chinese paleontologist and zoologist. He was one of China's foremost vertebrate paleontologists. He has been called the "Father of Chinese Vertebrate Paleontology".
Marmara fraxinicola
Marmara fraxinicola is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Québec, Canada, and Ohio, Vermont and New York in the United States.

There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Fraxinus americana and Fraxinus pennsylvanica. They mine in the stem of their host plant.

Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, the green ash or red ash, is a species of ash native to eastern and central North America, from Nova Scotia west to southeastern Alberta and eastern Colorado, south to northern Florida, and southwest to Oklahoma and eastern Texas. It has spread and become naturalized in much of the western United States and also in Argentina and Europe, from Spain to Russia.

Other names more rarely used include downy ash, swamp ash, and water ash.
B&O Supprettes
B&O Supprettes is the brand name for a prescription medication containing powdered opium and belladonna alkaloids in a suppository form.  They are indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe pain from urethral spasm, and for extending the interval(s) between injections of opiates. The drug has various "off label" uses, including renal colic, intestinal cramps, tenesmus and diarrhea. They are also often prescribed after urinary bladder surgery.  B&O Supprettes was unique in the United States because they were the only drug containing opium that is for suppository use sold in the US  and, in fact, one of the very few medications that contains opium in any form in the US along with paregoric and opium tincture (laudanum).

Urethra
The urethra (pl.: urethras or urethrae) is the tube that transports urine from the bladder to the urethral meatus of the penis or vulva in placental mammals, and in males also transports semen during ejaculation.

The external urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination. The internal sphincter, formed by the involuntary smooth muscles lining the bladder neck and urethra, is innervated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system and is found both in males and females.
By Bizarre Hands
By Bizarre Hands is the first collection of short stories by American writer Joe R. Lansdale, published in 1989.  The collection was nominated for a Bram Stoker Award for best fiction collection, and contains two stories which won Stokers. It has an introduction by Lewis Shiner. This book was re-issued as By Bizarre Hands Rides Again in 2010. The re-issue contains a new introduction by Joe R. Lansdale and new artwork by Alex McVey. This book is limited to 300 copies and is signed by both writer and artist. It also contains two stories not in the original issue.

Lewis Shiner
Lewis Shiner (born December 30, 1950, in Eugene, Oregon) is an American writer.

Shiner began his career as a science fiction writer, and then identified with cyberpunk. He later wrote more mainstream novels, albeit often with magical realism and fantasy elements. He was formerly a resident of Texas (and a member of the Turkey City Writer's Workshop), and now lives in North Carolina.
Per mille
The phrase per mille (from Latin  per mīlle 'in each thousand') indicates parts per thousand. The associated symbol is ‰, similar to a per cent sign % but with an extra zero in the divisor.

Major dictionaries do not agree on the spelling, giving other options of per mil, per mill, permil, permill, permille.

The word promille is the cognate in Dutch, German, Finnish, Swedish and Danish and is sometimes seen as a loanword in English with the same meaning as per mille.

The symbol is included in the General Punctuation block of Unicode at U+2030 ‰ PER MILLE SIGN. There is also an Arabic-Indic per mille sign at  U+0609 ؉ ARABIC-INDIC PER MILLE SIGN.

Cognate
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and it often takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate.  It can also happen that words which appear similar, or identical, in different languages, are not cognate.

Cognates are distinguished from loanwords, where a word has been borrowed from another language.
Balsa (ship)
A balsa is a boat or ship built by various pre-Columbian South American civilizations constructed from woven reeds of the totora bulrush. They varied in size from small canoe sized personal fishing boats to large ships up to 30 metres long. They are still used on Lake Titicaca in Peru and Bolivia.

This term is also used by California archaeologists and anthropologists to refer to the woven and tied tule reed canoes used by the Native Californians in both pre-Columbian and historical eras.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
Kuphar
A kuphar (also transliterated kufa, kuffah, quffa, quffah, etc.) is a type of coracle or round boat traditionally used on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in ancient and modern Mesopotamia. Its circular shape means that it does not sail well against the current, as it tends to spin, but makes it safe, sturdy and easy to construct. A kuphar is propelled by paddling, rowing or poling.

Paddling
Paddling, in regard to waterborne transport, is the act of propelling a human-powered watercraft using at least one hand-held paddle, or paddling directly with the hands (without a paddle) as in traditional paddleboarding (also known as prone paddleboarding). The paddle, which consists of one or two blades joined to a shaft, is also used to steer the vessel via generating a difference in propulsion between the two sides of the watercraft. The paddle is not connected to the boat, unlike in rowing where the oar is attached to the boat.

In paddling sports such as canoeing and kayaking, the characteristics that are most important include "dynamic balance, core stability, pulling power, speed, endurance, stature, and rhythm".
Machakhelistsqali
The Machakhelistsqali or Machakhlitskali (Georgian: მაჭახელისწყალი, Mač’axelisc’q’ali; Turkish: Maçahel Suyu) is a river that flows from the Artvin Province in Turkey to Adjara autonomous republic of Georgia. It's a right tributary of the Çoruh (Chorokhi).

Artvin Province
Artvin Province (Turkish: Artvin ili; Georgian: ართვინის პროვინცია, Artvinis p'rovintsia; Laz: ართვინიშ დობადონა Artvinish dobadona;) is a province in Turkey, on the Black Sea coast in the northeastern corner of the country, on the border with Georgia. Artvin also borders the Turkish provinces of Erzurum, Ardahan and Rize. Its area is 7,393 km2, and its population is 169,403 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Artvin.
Michael Prior (theologian)
Michael Prior, CM (15 March 1942 – 21 July 2004) was a priest of the Congregation of the Mission, professor of biblical theology at Saint Mary's College, University of Surrey, and a liberation theologian. He was one of the more colourful and controversial figures in the Catholic Church in Great Britain, and an outspoken critic of Israel and of Zionism.

Catholic Church in the United Kingdom
The Catholic Church in the United Kingdom is organised into the Catholic churches in England and Wales, Scotland, and with Northern Ireland organised as part of the Catholic Church in Ireland, all as part of the worldwide Catholic Church in communion with the Bishop of Rome (the Pope). While there is no ecclesiastical jurisdiction corresponding to the United Kingdom as a whole, this article refers to the Catholic Church's geographical representation in Great Britain and Northern Ireland, ever since the establishment of the Kingdom of Great Britain by the Acts of Union 1707, and later the United Kingdom.
KMMK (FM)
KMMK (88.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve the community of Coggon, Iowa. The station is owned by PLUS Charities, and airs a Catholic radio format.

The station was assigned the KMMK call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on May 15, 2015.

2015 in radio
The following is a list of events that affected radio broadcasting in 2015. Events listed include radio program debuts, finales, cancellations, station launches, closures and format changes, as well as information about controversies.
Amanda Cerna
Amanda Francisca Cerna Gamboa (born 3 September 1998) is a T47 class Paralympian for Chile. She received a silver medal for Chile at the 2019 Parapan American Games, she is also a World Junior champion and competed at 2016 and 2020 Summer Paralympics, her highest achievement at the Paralympic Games was finishing fourth in the 400m T47 at the 2016 Summer Paralympics.

World Para Athletics Junior Championships
The World Para Athletics Junior Championships are a biennial Paralympic athletics event organized by World Para Athletics, a subcommittee of the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). It features athletics events contested by athletes with physical and intellectual disabilities in two age groups; under 20 and under 18. The first Championships were held in Nottwil, Switzerland in 2017, and will return there for the second edition in 2019. They are a partial Paralympic parallel to the IAAF World U20 Championships for able-bodied athletes, although both junior (under 20) and youth (under 18) events are held in the Paralympic equivalent.
Bristol Ten-seater
The Bristol Ten-seater and Bristol Brandon were British single-engine biplane transport aircraft built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company in the early 1920s. Only three were built, two of which were used as civil transports and one of which (the Bristol Brandon) served with the Royal Air Force.

Imperial Airways
Imperial Airways was an early British commercial long-range airline, operating from 1924 to 1939 and principally serving the British Empire routes to South Africa, India, Australia and the Far East, including Malaya and Hong Kong. Passengers were typically businessmen or colonial administrators, and most flights carried about 20 passengers or fewer. Accidents were frequent: in the first six years, 32 people died in seven incidents. Imperial Airways never achieved the levels of technological innovation of its competitors and was merged into the British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) in 1939. BOAC in turn merged with the British European Airways (BEA) in 1974 to form British Airways.
Communist Movement of Euskadi
Communist Movement of Euskadi (Basque: Euskadi Mugimendu Komunista, EMK; Spanish: Movimiento Comunista de Euskadi) was originally the branch of the Communist Movement (MC) in Basque Country and Navarre, Spain. EMK was previously known as ETA Berri, a splinter group of ETA. EMK separated itself from MC in 1983. In 1991 EMK merged with LKI (the Basque branch of LCR) and formed Zutik in Basque Country. In Navarre EMK took part in forming Batzarre. Some of its most prominent leaders were Patxi Iturrioz, Eugenio del Río, Rosa Olivares Txertudi, Milagros Rubio, Jesús Urra Bidaurre and the brothers Javier and Ignacio Álvarez Dorronsoro.

Organization of Communist Left
Organization of Communist Left (in Spanish: Organización de Izquierda Comunista, in Basque: Ezker Komunista Erakundea, in Catalan: Organització d'Esquerra Comunista, in Galician: Organización de Esquerda Comunista, OIC) was a communist political party in Spain founded in 1974. The OIC was a continuation of the existing Communist Workers Circles (COC), whose roots were in the Workers' Front of Catalonia (FOC), the Catalan version of the People's Liberation Front (FLP or FELIPE).
Aluva Palace
The Aluva Palace, also known as Alwaye Palace is a Travancore royal palace built by king Maharaja Karthika Thirunal Dharma Raja around 1790 during the reign of the Chera kings of Travancore. Aluva Palace is situated near the city Kochi, Ernakulam district of the state of Kerala.

Dharma Raja
Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma (1724–17 February 1798), often referred to as Rama Varma I or Dharma Raja, was the Maharajah of Travancore from 1758 until his death in 1798. He succeeded his uncle Marthanda Varma, who is credited with the title of "maker of modern Travancore". During his reign Dharma Raja not only retained all the territories his predecessor had gained but administered the kingdom with success.  He was addressed as Dharma Raja on account of his strict adherence to Dharma Sastra, the Hindu principles of justice by providing asylum to thousands of Hindus and Christians fleeing Malabar during the Mysorean conquest of Malabar.
Casagrande
Casagrande is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Casagrande de Moura (born 1987), Brazilian footballer

Arthur Casagrande (1902–1981), Austrian-American civil engineer

Caroline Casagrande (born 1976), American politician

Dominique Casagrande (born 1971), French footballer

Eloy Casagrande (born 1991), Brazilian drummer

Francesco Casagrande (born 1970), Italian road racing cyclist

Jaime Casagrande (died 2013), Brazilian footballer

Joseph B. Casagrande (1915–1982), American anthropologist

June Casagrande (born 1966), American writer on grammar and usage

Marco Casagrande (born 1971), Finnish architect

Maurizio Casagrande (born 1961), Italian actor and director

Walter Casagrande (born 1963), Brazilian footballer

Caroline Casagrande
Caroline Casagrande (born November 21, 1976) is an attorney and former American government official and political appointee in the administration of President Donald J. Trump who served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Academic Programs at the U.S. Department of State overseeing global public diplomacy programs.  Earlier, Casagrande served as a Deputy Republican leader in the New Jersey General Assembly, representing the 11th Legislative District, from 2012 to 2016 and the 12th legislative district from 2008 to 2012. Casagrande is the youngest woman assembly member ever elected in New Jersey.
2022 Córdoba Open – Doubles
Santiago González and Andrés Molteni defeated Andrej Martin and Tristan-Samuel Weissborn in the final, 7–5, 6–3, to win the doubles tennis title at the 2022 Córdoba Open. It was their third career ATP Tour doubles title together. As alternates, Martin and Weissborn were competing in their second event as a team.

Rafael Matos and Felipe Meligeni Alves were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to Martin and Weissborn.

Andrej Martin
Andrej Martin (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈandrej ˈmartin]; born 20 September 1989, in Bratislava) is a Slovak professional tennis player. He achieved his career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 93 in February 2020 and a doubles ranking of world No. 69 on 11 July 2016.
Esmaël Gonçalves
Esmaël Ruti Tavares Cruz da Silva Gonçalves (born 25 June 1991), also known as Isma, is a Bissau-Guinean footballer who plays as a center forward and winger for ASD Virtus Rosarno. He also plays for the Guinea-Bissau national team.

2013–14 UEFA Champions League
The 2013–14 UEFA Champions League was the 59th season of Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 22nd season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the UEFA Champions League.

The final was played between Real Madrid and Atlético Madrid at the Estádio da Luz in Lisbon, Portugal, marking it the fifth final to feature two teams from the same association (after the finals of 2000, 2003, 2008, and 2013) and the first time in tournament history that both finalists were from the same city. Real Madrid, who eliminated the title holders, Bayern Munich, in the semi-finals, won in extra time, giving them a record-extending 10th title in the competition. Real equalized late in the second half through Sergio Ramos and then pulled away during extra time to win 4–1.

For the first time, the clubs who qualified for the group stage also qualified for the newly formed 2013–14 UEFA Youth League, a competition available to players aged 19 or under.
Curtain Call (Australian TV series)
Curtain Call is an Australian variety series which aired in Sydney on ATN-7 during 1960, which featured comedy and music. It was followed-up in 1961 with the popular Revue '61.

The show aired in an hour-long time-slot (running time excluding commercials is not known). It was not live, but recorded in advance on video-tape, which at the time was cutting-edge technology (prior to video-tape, stations used the more primitive kinescope system)

English comedian Digby Wolfe appeared in several episodes. English comedian Billy Baxter also appeared as the host several episodes. Popular pianist Winifred Atwell appeared as a guest in an episode. Others to have appeared in the series included Red Moore, Kathy Lloyd, Barry Linehan, and Terry Scanlon.

ATN
ATN is the Sydney flagship television station of the Seven Network in Australia. The licence, issued to a company named Amalgamated Television Services, a subsidiary of John Fairfax & Sons, was one of the first four licences (two in Sydney, two in Melbourne) to be issued for commercial television stations in Australia. The station formed an affiliation with GTV-9 Melbourne in 1957, in order to share content. In 1963, Frank Packer ended up owning both GTV-9 and TCN-9, so as a result the stations switched their previous affiliations. ATN-7 and HSV-7 joined to create the Australian Television Network, which later became the Seven Network. ATN-7 is the home of the national-level Seven News bulletins.
Kaspar Rostrup
Kaspar Rostrup (27 April 1940 – 10 November 2025) was a Danish film director. Two of his films won the Best Film prize at the Bodil Awards : Jeppe på bjerget (1981) and Waltzing Regitze (1989). The latter was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Jeppe på bjerget was entered into the 12th Moscow International Film Festival.

12th Moscow International Film Festival
The 12th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 7 to 21 July 1981. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Brazilian film O Homem que Virou Suco directed by João Batista de Andrade, the Vietnamese film The Abandoned Field: Free Fire Zone directed by Nguyễn Hồng Sến and the Soviet-French-Swiss film Teheran 43 directed by Aleksandr Alov and Vladimir Naumov.