hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tate twist
In number theory and algebraic geometry, the Tate twist, named after John Tate, is an operation on Galois modules.

For example, if K is a field, GK is its absolute Galois group, and ρ : GK → AutQp(V) is a representation of GK on a finite-dimensional vector space V over the field Qp of p-adic numbers, then the Tate twist of V, denoted V(1), is the representation on the tensor product V⊗Qp(1), where Qp(1) is the p-adic cyclotomic character (i.e. the Tate module of the group of roots of unity in the separable closure Ks of K). More generally, if m is a positive integer, the mth Tate twist of V, denoted V(m), is the tensor product of V with the m-fold tensor product of Qp(1). Denoting by Qp(−1) the dual representation of Qp(1), the −mth Tate twist of V can be defined as

Tensor product of representations
In mathematics, the tensor product of representations is a tensor product of vector spaces underlying representations together with the factor-wise group action on the product. This construction, together with the Clebsch–Gordan procedure, can be used to generate additional irreducible representations if one already knows a few.
North Shore Community College
North Shore Community College is a public community college in Massachusetts with campuses in Danvers and Lynn. The college offers over 80 associate degree and certificate programs to approximately 10,000 students a year from the 26 cities and towns along the coastal region from north metropolitan Boston to Cape Ann. North Shore Community College is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.

New England Commission of Higher Education
The New England Commission of Higher Education (NECHE) is a voluntary, peer-based, non-profit membership organization that performs peer evaluation and accreditation of public and private universities and colleges in the United States and other countries. Until federal regulations changed on July 1, 2020, it was one of the seven regional accreditation organizations dating back 130 years. NECHE then became an institutional accreditor recognized by the United States Department of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation.

Its headquarters are in Wakefield, Massachusetts. NECHE accredits over 200 institutions primarily in Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
Issa Abu Issa
Issa Abdul Salam Abu-Issa (Arabic: عيسى عبد السلام أبو عيسى; born 20 September 1955) is a business magnate from Qatar. He is the chairman and chief executive officer of Salam International Investment Limited. He was ranked 43rd in the Arabian Business Qatar Power List 2012.

Arabian Business
Arabian Business (AB) is a weekly business magazine published in Dubai and focusing on global and regional news analysis. The brand is aimed at the English and Arabic-speaking communities and is published in both languages.

Its circulation figures for October–December 2007 were given as 20,468 copies. The audited circulation of the weekly was 23,016 copies for the last six months of 2011. For the period of July – December 2012 the audited circulation of the weekly was 23,352 copies. According to Similar web, website accesses as of 2024 were more than a million per month.
Guy Kerr
Guy Kerr (born 3 April 1988) is a Scottish former professional footballer. He played for Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Elgin City, East Fife and Berwick Rangers. Through most of his career he played as a striker, but moved to play as a defender later in his career.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C.
Inverness Caledonian Thistle Football Club, commonly known as Caley Thistle, Inverness CT or just Inverness, is a professional football club based in Inverness, Scotland. The team competes in Scottish League One, the third tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, and plays its home games at Caledonian Stadium.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle won the Scottish Cup in 2015, were runners-up in 2023 and were also runners-up in the Scottish League Cup in 2014. They have also won the Scottish Challenge Cup three times and the Scottish Football League First Division twice. Its highest Premiership position is third in 2014–15.
Angus Peter McDonald
Angus Peter McDonald (1813 – January 22, 1889) was a contractor and political figure in Ontario. He represented Middlesex West in the 1st Canadian Parliament as a Conservative Party member.

Born in Canada, he lived in Glencoe, Ontario. McDonald was elected to represent the West riding of Middlesex in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada in an 1858 by-election held following the death of John Scatcherd, serving until 1861, when he ran unsuccessfully for reelection. McDonald died in Toronto at the age of 76.

Southwest Middlesex
Southwest Middlesex is a municipality in Middlesex County, Ontario, Canada.

The restructured municipality of Southwest Middlesex was incorporated on January 1, 2001. This amalgamation joined the Village of Glencoe and the Village of Wardsville with the Townships of Ekfrid and Mosa. Southwest Middlesex had a population of 5,723 in the Canada 2016 Census. Southwest Middlesex is located in the southwest corner of Middlesex County.
Thrasher (wrestler)
Glenn Ruth (born June 13, 1969) is an American professional wrestler, better known by the ring name, Thrasher. For much of his career he has teamed with Mosh, most famously as The Headbangers, a pair of metal-heads known for their outrageous costumes such as nose rings and kilts. Thrasher is best known for his stints in the World Wrestling Federation between 1990 and 2000, where he held the WWF World Tag Team Championship and WWF Hardcore Championship.

Smoking Gunns
The Smoking Gunns were a professional wrestling tag team of kayfabe brothers Billy Gunn (Monty Sopp) and Bart Gunn (Mike Polchlopek). They portrayed cowboys in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) from 1993 to 1996, where they held the WWF Tag Team Championship three times.
Jean Leclant
Jean Leclant (8 August 1920 – 16 September 2011) was a French Egyptologist who was an Honorary Professor at the College of France, Permanent Secretary of the Academy of Inscriptions and Letters of the Institut de France, and Honorary Secretary of the International Association of Egyptologists.

As part of his studies of the archeology of ancient Egyptian artifacts, Jean Leclant made major discoveries at Saqqara and undertook excavations at other archaeological sites in Ethiopia and the Sudan. An honorary member of the Humanities and the Social Sciences section of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, his work earned him numerous awards including the 1993 International Balzan Foundation Prize for Art and Archaeology of the Ancient World and the 2000 Prix mondial Cino Del Duca.

Leclant was elected an International member of the American Philosophical Society in 1999.

Institut de France
The Institut de France (French for 'Institute of France'; French: [ɛ̃stity də fʁɑ̃s]) is a French learned society, grouping five académies, including the Académie Française. It was established in 1795 at the direction of the National Convention. Located on the Quai de Conti in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, the institute manages approximately 1,000 foundations, as well as museums and châteaux open for visit. It also awards prizes and subsidies, which amounted to a total of over €27 million per year in 2017. Most of these prizes are awarded by the institute on the recommendation of the académies.
Area of a triangle
In geometry, calculating the area of a triangle is an elementary and widely encountered problem. The best known and simplest formula for the area of an arbitrary triangle is  where "base" means the length of any side of the triangle, and "height" means the shortest distance between the line of the base and the corresponding apex (opposite corner of the triangle).

Although simple, this formula is only useful if the height can be readily found, which is not always the case. For example, the land surveyor of a triangular field might find it relatively easy to measure the length of each side, but relatively difficult to construct a 'height'. Various methods may be used in practice, depending on what is known about the triangle. Other frequently used formulas for the area of a triangle use trigonometry, side lengths (Heron's formula), vectors, coordinates, line integrals, Pick's theorem, or other properties.

Semiperimeter
In geometry, the semiperimeter of a polygon is half its perimeter. Although it has such a simple derivation from the perimeter, the semiperimeter appears frequently enough in formulas for triangles and other figures that it is given a separate name. When the semiperimeter occurs as part of a formula, it is typically denoted by the letter s.
Roberto Soriano
Roberto Soriano (Italian pronunciation: [roˈbɛrto soˈrjaːno]; born 8 February 1991) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder. Born in Germany, he played for the Italy national team from 2014 to 2020.

2011 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification
The 2011 UEFA European Under-21 Championship started with a qualifying competition which began on 27 March 2009 and finished on 13 October 2010.  The final tournament was held in Denmark between 11–25 June 2011.

The first stage of the qualifying competition was a group stage followed by play-offs. Each of the 10 group winners, as well as the four highest ranked second place teams, advanced to the play-off. The play-offs determined which seven nations joined Denmark in the final tournament. Denmark, as hosts, qualified automatically.
Henri Roessler
Henri Roessler  (16 September 1910 – 18 September 1978) was a French football player and manager.

He played as a defender for AS Strasbourg, AS Troyes-Savinienne, RC Strasbourg, Red Star, EF Reims-Champagne and Reims.

He coached Stade de Reims, Marseille and AS Aix.

ES Troyes AC
Espérance Sportive Troyes Aube Champagne (ESTAC), commonly known as Troyes, is a French professional association football club based in Troyes that competes in Ligue 2. It plays its home matches at the Stade de l'Aube. Founded in 1986, it is the third professional club from the city, after AS Troyes-Savinienne and Troyes AF. The club is part of the City Football Group.
Slimnic (Coțatcu)
The Slimnic is a left tributary of the river Coțatcu in Romania. It discharges into the Râmnicul Sărat near Vâjâitoarea. The upper reach of the river is sometimes referred to as Tâmboești. It flows through the villages Bordeștii de Jos, Tâmboești, Slimnic, Obrejița, Sihlea and Bogza. Its length is 31 km (19 mi) and its basin size is 94 km2 (36 sq mi).

Tătăranu
Tătăranu is a commune located in Vrancea County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Bordeasca Nouă, Bordeasca Veche, Mărtinești, Tătăranu, and Vâjâitoarea.

The commune is located in the southeastern part of the county, on the banks of the Râmnicul Sărat River.
Ellipsuella
Ellipsuella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

Cambrian Stage 4
Cambrian Stage 4 is the still unnamed fourth stage of the Cambrian and the upper stage of Cambrian Series 2. It follows Cambrian Stage 3 and lies below the Wuliuan. The lower boundary has not been formally defined by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. One proposal is the first appearance of two trilobite genera, Olenellus or Redlichia. Another proposal is the first appearance of the trilobite species Arthricocephalus chauveaui. Both proposals will set the lower boundary close to 514.5 million years ago. The upper boundary corresponds to the beginning of the Wuliuan.
Williton
Williton is a large village and civil parish in Somerset, England, at the junction of the A39, A358 and B3191 roads, on the coast 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Watchet between Minehead, Bridgwater and Taunton.

Williton station is on the West Somerset Railway line. Doniford Halt on the same line serves the nearby Haven Holiday centre and the neighbouring settlement of Doniford.

Williton is twinned with Neung-sur-Beuvron in the Loir-et-Cher département of France.

Haven Holidays
Haven Leisure Limited (formally Haven Holidays) is a company operating a chain of holiday parks in the United Kingdom. It operates self-catering static caravan holiday parks with many also including touring and camping facilities. The company operates 38 sites in the UK in predominantly coastal locations.

The company was established in 1964 and bought by the Bourne Leisure Group in 2000. In November 2004 Bourne Leisure merged its existing British Holidays chain into the Haven Holidays brand. Bourne Leisure was sold to the Blackstone Group in January 2021.
House of Representatives (Belize)
The House of Representatives of Belize is the lower chamber of the National Assembly, the other being the Senate. It was created under the 1981 constitution. Members are commonly called "Area Representatives".

Area Representatives are elected by winning a majority of votes in their respective constituencies under the first-past-the-post system. The body is directly descended from the British Honduras Legislative Assembly created in 1954 with nine elected members. It has been expanded several times since: to 18 in 1961, 28 in 1984, 29 in 1993 and finally to 31 in 2008. The leader of the majority party in the Belize House typically becomes Prime Minister of Belize.

British Honduras
British Honduras was a Crown colony on the east coast of Central America — specifically located on the southern edge of the Yucatán Peninsula from 1783 to 1964, then a self-governing colony — renamed Belize from June 1973 until September 1981, when it gained full independence as Belize. British Honduras was the last continental possession of the United Kingdom in the Americas.

The colony grew out of the Treaty of Versailles (1783) between Britain and Spain, which gave the British rights to cut logwood between the Hondo and Belize rivers. The Convention of London (1786) expanded this concession to include the area between the Belize and Sibun rivers. In 1862, the Settlement of Belize in the Bay of Honduras was declared a British colony called British Honduras, and the Crown's representative was elevated to a lieutenant governor, subordinate to the governor of Jamaica.
Jussifer
Jussi Ilmari Karvinen (born 1984), better known as Jussifer, is a Finnish-American record producer, songwriter and musician. He has worked with Kelly Clarkson, Bebe Rexha, JoJo, Alma and Dinah Jane. He also penned a track for the Spanish animated film Klaus titled "Invisible", which earned him a nomination at the 34th Goya Awards.

Dinah Jane
Dinah Jane Milika Ilaisaane Hansen (/ˈdaɪnə/; born June 22, 1997) is an American singer.

In 2012, she auditioned for the second season of The X Factor and later became a member of Fifth Harmony, which went on to become one of the best-selling girl groups of all time. After the group's hiatus announcement in 2018, Jane began working as a solo artist.
Sofi Diyalowai
Sofi Diyalowai (born 14 October 1993) is a Fijian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Labasa FC and the Fiji women's national team.

Diyalowai is from Natokalau in Ba. She started playing football in 2009, and became a referee in 2016. In 2013 she won the Fiji FA women football of the year award. In August 2018 she was named to the Fijian team for the 2018 OFC Women's Nations Cup. In 2019 she trialled for French club Stade De Reims.

She captained the team for the 2022 OFC Women's Nations Cup.

On 4 February 2024, Diyalowai was called up to the 2024 OFC Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament.

2018 OFC Women's Nations Cup
The 2018 OFC Women's Nations Cup was the 11th edition of the OFC Women's Nations Cup (also known as the OFC Women's Championship), the quadrennial international football championship organised by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) for the women's national teams of the Oceanian region. The tournament was held in New Caledonia between 18 November – 1 December 2018.

The tournament served as the Oceanian qualifiers to the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup, with the champions qualifying for the World Cup in France. The champions also qualified for the 2020 Summer Olympics women's football tournament in Japan.

New Zealand were the defending champions. They won the tournament for their fourth consecutive and record-extending sixth overall OFC Women's Nations Cup title.
Mass-Observation
Mass-Observation is a United Kingdom social research project; originally the name of an organisation which ran from 1937 to the mid-1960s, and was revived in 1981 at the University of Sussex.

Mass-Observation originally aimed to record everyday life in Britain through a panel of around 500 untrained volunteer observers who either maintained diaries or replied to open-ended questionnaires (known as directives).  The organisation also paid investigators to anonymously record people's conversation and behaviour at work, on the street and at various public occasions, including public meetings and sporting and religious events.

William Empson
Sir William Empson (27 September 1906 – 15 April 1984) was an English literary critic and poet, widely influential for his practice of closely reading literary works, a practice fundamental to New Criticism. His best-known work is his first, Seven Types of Ambiguity, published in 1930.

Jonathan Bate has written that the three greatest English literary critics of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries are Johnson, Hazlitt and Empson, "not least because they are the funniest".
Azad (rapper)
Azad Azadpour (born 24 November 1973), known professionally by the mononym Azad, is a German rapper of Kurdish descent based in Frankfurt. As one of the first successful German street rappers, he had a strong influence on the German rap scene.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
Mopsy
Mopsy was a comic strip created in 1937 by Gladys Parker, who was one of the few female cartoonists of the era. The strip had a long run over three decades. Parker modeled the character of Mopsy after herself. In 1946, she recalled, "I got the idea for Mopsy when the cartoonist Rube Goldberg said my hair looked like a mop. That was several years ago, and she has been my main interest ever since." The strip ended on August 13, 1966.

Rube Goldberg
Reuben Garrett Lucius Goldberg (July 4, 1883 – December 7, 1970) was an American cartoonist, sculptor, author, engineer, and inventor.

Goldberg is best known for his popular cartoons depicting complicated gadgets performing simple tasks in indirect, convoluted ways. The cartoons led to the expression "Rube Goldberg machines" to describe similar gadgets and processes. Goldberg received many honors in his lifetime, including a Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 1948, the National Cartoonists Society's Gold T-Square Award in 1955, and the Banshees' Silver Lady Award in 1959. He was a founding member and first president of the National Cartoonists Society, which hosts the annual Reuben Award, honoring the top cartoonist of the year and named after Goldberg, who won the award in 1967. He is the inspiration for international competitions known as Rube Goldberg Machine Contests, which challenge participants to create a complicated machine to perform a simple task.
Love & Hip Hop: New York season 9
The ninth season of the reality television series Love & Hip Hop: New York aired on VH1 from November 26, 2018 until March 18, 2019. The season was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It is executively produced by Mona Scott-Young, Stephanie Gayle and Treiva Williams for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud, Stefan Springman, David DiGangi, Dave Patry, Richard Allen, Meredith Kisgen and Michael Carrozza for Eastern TV, and Nina L. Diaz, Liz Fine and Vivian Gomez for VH1.

The series chronicles the lives of several women and men in the New York area, involved in hip hop music. It consists of 16 episodes, including a two-part reunion special hosted by Nina Parker.

Mona Scott-Young
Mona Scott-Young (née Scott; born February 15, 1967) is an American television producer and entrepreneur. She is the CEO of the multi-media entertainment company Monami Productions, best known for producing the VH1 reality television franchise Love & Hip Hop.
Gradnik
Gradnik (pronounced [ˈɡɾaːdnik]) is a village in the Municipality of Semič in Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Semič
The Municipality of Semič (pronounced [ˈseːmitʃ]; Slovene: Občina Semič) is a municipality in Slovenia in the traditional region of White Carniola in southeastern Slovenia. The municipality is included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its seat is the settlement of Semič.
DJMax Portable
DJMax Portable (Korean: 디제이맥스 포터블, dijeimaegseu poteobeul; abbr.: DMP) is a music video game developed by Korean game maker Pentavision for the PlayStation Portable. It is a sequel to DJMax Online, a web-based music mixing game for Windows.

Neowiz MUCA
Neowiz MUCA or Neowiz Music Cafe (formerly known as Pentavision and Pentavision Studio) is a South Korean recording studio and video game developer. The team are developers for the DJMax series and TapSonic series. They also developed the online multiplayer game S4 League. It is a division of Neowiz.
Boston Magazine (1783–1786)
Boston Magazine was produced in Boston, Massachusetts, from 1783 to 1786. It originated from the efforts of "a society for compiling a magazine in the town of Boston;" the society consisted of John Eliot, James Freeman, George R. Minot, Aaron Dexter, John Clarke, John Bradford, Benjamin Lincoln, Christopher Gore, and others. Publishers included John Norman, James White, Edmund Freeman, and Joseph Greenleaf. "An interesting feature of The Boston Magazine was the printing of a Geographical Gazetteer of Massachusetts, which came out as a serial number at the end of certain issues. ... In this supplement an account of twenty-one towns in Suffolk County is given." "The magazine ceased publication with Volume IV for October 1786."

Suffolk County, Massachusetts
Suffolk County (/ˈsʌfək/ SUF-ək) is located in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 797,936, making it the fourth-most populous county in Massachusetts. The county comprises the cities of Boston, Chelsea, and Revere, and the town of Winthrop. The traditional county seat is Boston, the state capital and the largest city in Massachusetts. The county government was abolished in 1999, resulting in Suffolk County now functioning only as an administrative subdivision of state government and a set of communities grouped together for some statistical purposes. Suffolk County is located at the core of the Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the greater Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area.