hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Balarama Bharatam
Balarama Bharatam  is a Sanskrit treatise on natyam. The author was the king of Travancore (1724–1798),  known by the title 'Dharma Raja' or "the king of righteousness". The full name of the king was Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma and he was the Maharajah of Travancore from 1758 until his death in 1798. Being a scholar of music and dance and natyasastra, he compiled this treatise on natyasastra following the fundamental principles laid down by Bharatamuni in Natyasastra and Nadikeshwara in Natyadarpanam, He also considered the contents in Bhavaprakasanam of Saradatanaya.

The treatise 'Balarama Bharatam' is not a simple compilation of earlier texts. It is an extension of the earlier sastras with adaptation to contemporary contexts. Being an aspirant and reformer of Kathakali, he brought in several novel ideas of action, dramaturgy and theatrics in his classic treatise.

Dharma Raja
Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma (1724–17 February 1798), often referred to as Rama Varma I or Dharma Raja, was the Maharajah of Travancore from 1758 until his death in 1798. He succeeded his uncle Marthanda Varma, who is credited with the title of "maker of modern Travancore". During his reign Dharma Raja not only retained all the territories his predecessor had gained but administered the kingdom with success.  He was addressed as Dharma Raja on account of his strict adherence to Dharma Sastra, the Hindu principles of justice by providing asylum to thousands of Hindus and Christians fleeing Malabar during the Mysorean conquest of Malabar.
Big Spring, Meigs County, Tennessee
Big Spring is an unincorporated community in Meigs County, Tennessee, United States. It is located along Tennessee State Route 58 between Georgetown and Decatur, approximately two miles north of the banks of the Hiwassee River.

Tennessee State Route 58
State Route 58 (SR 58), also locally called "Highway 58", is a north–south state highway in the U.S. state of Tennessee that serves as a major route for many communities in Roane, Meigs, and Hamilton counties.

The section of SR 58 in Chattanooga between SR 153 and Ochs Highway is a largely unsigned secondary alignment following other state and local roads before becoming a primary route toward the north of the city.

SR 58 joins I-40 for part of its route in Roane County, from the Kingston exit (352) east to the Oak Ridge exit (356) west of Oak Ridge.
Sous le signe du lion
Sous le signe du lion is a Quebec television series comprising thirty 30-minute episodes, directed by Jean-Pierre Sénécal and broadcast in 1961. A two-season remake (thirteen 60-minute episodes each season) was broadcast in 1997 and in 2000. The original screenplay was written by Françoise Loranger. Hélène Pedneault adapted it in 1997 and Guy Fournier in 2000. The 1997 adaptation was directed by Maude Martin, and the 2000 by Yvon Trudel.

Faced with the daring and modern script, Radio-Canada refused to broadcast it at first, but changed its mind a few years later.

Ici Radio-Canada Télé
Ici Radio-Canada Télé (stylized as ICI Radio-Canada Télé, and sometimes abbreviated as Ici Télé) is a Canadian French-language free-to-air television network spunoff Ici Radio-Canada Première, owned by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (known in French as Société Radio-Canada [SRC]), the national public broadcaster. Its English-language counterpart is CBC Television.

Its headquarters are at the Nouvelle Maison Radio-Canada in Montreal, which is also home to the network's flagship station, CBFT-DT, as well as the master control facilities of all of its owned-and-operated stations nationwide. Until the 2012 closedown of the CBC / Radio-Canada rebroadcaster network, it was the only francophone network in Canada to broadcast terrestrially in all Canadian provinces.
Gabriel Pereyra
Gabriel Ernesto Pereyra Vázquez (born 28 February 1978) is an Argentine professional football coach and former player. Since December 2025 is the manager of Mexican club Tepatitlán.

Pereyra played with River Plate until getting transferred to Cruz Azul in 2005. In the Apertura 2007 season, Pereyra was getting transferred to Atlante to win the Mexican League title. Pereyra was loaned to Monarcas Morelia for six months on 28 December 2009. His loan was not renewed at the end of the season.

On 3 July 2020 Pereyra was named the new coach of Cimarrones de Sonora.

Tepatitlán F.C.
Tepatitlán Fútbol Club, simplified as Tepatitlán FC, and also known as Alteños de Tepatitlán, is a Mexican professional football club based in Tepatitlán, Jalisco. It competes in Liga de Expansión MX, the second level division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio Gregorio "Tepa" Gómez. Founded in 1944 as Club Deportivo Tepatitlán, the club changed to its current name in 2020.
ESO 248-G10
ESO 248-G10 also known as MRC B0319-454, is a spiral galaxy, radio galaxy, and a Seyfert galaxy in the constellation of Eridanus. The galaxy is at redshift z = 0.0624 or approximately 893 million light years (274 megaparsecs) away and has a visual magnitude of 15. The galaxy is located in the galaxy cluster designated, Abell 3104. The galaxy was first mentioned in literature in 1960 in the second MSH catalog of radio sources.

Galaxy cluster
A galaxy cluster, or a cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity, with typical masses ranging from 1014 to 1015 solar masses. Clusters consist of galaxies, heated gas, and dark matter. They are the biggest known gravitationally bound structures in the universe. They were believed to be the largest known structures in the universe until the 1980s, when superclusters were discovered. Small aggregates of galaxies are referred to as galaxy groups rather than clusters of galaxies. Together, galaxy groups and clusters form superclusters.
Visa requirements for Uzbekistan citizens
Visa requirements for Uzbek citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Uzbekistan. The article is concerning ordinary passport holders and tourists. As of July 2025, 28 visa-free destinations and 33 visa-on-arrival countries, as a result, ranking the Uzbekistan passport 77th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

Uzbekistan citizens in other countries also can benefit from the mobility rights arrangements within the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Mobility rights arrangements of the Commonwealth of Independent States
The countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States have concluded a number of agreements among themselves in the field of citizens' mobility rights, which regulate visa-free travel, recognition of documents, cooperation in the field of employment and the common labor market.
Canton of Vienne-2
The canton of Vienne-2 is an administrative division of the Isère department, eastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Vienne.

It consists of the following communes:

Isère
Isère (US: /iːˈzɛər/ ee-ZAIR; French: [izɛʁ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Isera; Occitan: Isèra, Occitan pronunciation: [iˈsɛɾa]) is a landlocked department in the southeastern French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019. Its prefecture is Grenoble. It borders Rhône to the northwest, Ain to the north, Savoie to the east, Hautes-Alpes to the south, Drôme and Ardèche to the southwest and Loire to the west.
Nettle Lake, Ohio
Nettle Lake is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Williams County, Ohio, United States, around the south end of the lake of the same name. It was first listed as a CDP following the 2010 census.

The CDP is in the northwest corner of Ohio, in the northern part of Williams County's Northwest Township. It is 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the Michigan border, 4 miles (6 km) east of the Indiana border, and 13 miles (21 km) northwest of Montpelier, Ohio. Nettle Lake drains out of its northern end into Nettle Creek, which flows southeast to the St. Joseph River, a southwest-flowing major tributary of the Maumee River, which flows northeast to Lake Erie at Toledo.

St. Joseph River (Maumee River tributary)
The St. Joseph River (Miami-Illinois: Kociihsasiipi) is an 86.1-mile-long (138.6 km) tributary of the Maumee River in northwestern Ohio and northeastern Indiana in the United States, with headwater tributaries rising in southern Michigan. It drains a primarily rural farming region in the watershed of Lake Erie.

The St. Joseph River of Lake Michigan is an entirely separate river that rises in western Michigan, dips into Indiana, and flows west into Lake Michigan.
Passion Play of Stora Bjurum
The Passionsspelen på Stora Bjurum (The Passion Plays at Stora Bjurum) is a name for a famous incident in Sweden in 1738–1741, when the manor Bjurum in Västergötland became the center of a religious dissident sect. The dissident group was given support of the owner of the manor, countess Eva Margareta Stenbock. The movement excluded themselves from the church and practiced a form of socialism. In 1738, they were subjected to an investigation on behalf of the church, and the name of the incident refers to the passion play in which the female preacher Dordi Olofsdotter acted in the part of Christ. The movement was suppressed after Stenbock subjected to reuniting with the church in 1741.

Västergötland
Västergötland (Swedish: [ˈvɛ̂sːtɛrˌjøːtland] ⓘ), also known as West Gothland or the Latinized version Westrogothia in older literature, is one of the 25 traditional non-administrative provinces of Sweden (landskap in Swedish), situated in the southwest of Sweden.

Västergötland is home to Gothenburg, the second largest city in Sweden, which is situated along a short stretch of the Kattegat strait. The province is bordered by Bohuslän, Dalsland, Värmland, Närke, Östergötland, Småland and Halland, as well as the two largest Swedish lakes Vänern and Vättern. Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden is Duchess of Västergötland.
SS City of Adelaide (1916)
City of Adelaide was a steam cargo ship built in 1916-1917 by the William Gray & Company of West Hartlepool for Ellerman Lines of Liverpool. The ship served in World War I and was torpedoed at 12.10am on Sunday 11 August 1918. Her position was 3623n 1533e and the sinking took place five days after leaving Port Said for Liverpool in a convoy of 20 ships. The crew was saved.

Ellerman Lines
Ellerman Lines was a UK cargo and passenger shipping company that operated from the late nineteenth century and into the twentieth century. It was founded in the late 19th century, and continued to expand by acquiring smaller shipping lines until it became one of the largest shipping firms in the World. Setbacks occurred through heavy losses to its merchant fleet in the First and Second World Wars but were overcome in each case.

The company suffered from competition and modernising trends in the shipping industry that occurred in the second half of the 20th century. Its shipping assets were subsequently sold off to larger companies until the name was dropped in 2004, and Ellerman finally ceased its long association with shipping. However, as of 2021, the Ellerman name was revived in the form of Ellerman City Liners, to provide a new container shipping service between the UK and China.
South Toms River, New Jersey
South Toms River is a borough in Ocean County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 3,643, a decrease of 41 (−1.1%) from the 2010 census count of 3,684, which in turn reflected an increase of 50 (+1.4%) from the 3,634 counted in the 2000 census.

South Toms River was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 28, 1927, from portions of Berkeley Township, based on the results of a referendum held on May 3, 1927. The borough was named for the Toms River and the neighboring community of Toms River, which were named for Capt. William Tom.

Manchester Township, New Jersey
Manchester Township is a township in Ocean County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is noted for containing the Lakehurst Naval Air Station, the site of the infamous Hindenburg disaster of May 6, 1937. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 45,115, the highest recorded in any decennial count and an increase of 2,045 (+4.7%) from the 2010 census count of 43,070, which in turn reflected an increase of 4,142 (+10.6%) from the 38,928 counted in the 2000 census.

Manchester Township was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 6, 1865, from portions of Dover Township (now Toms River Township). The township was named by William Torrey for Manchester, England. Portions of the township were taken to form Lakehurst on April 7, 1921.
Fang Chieh-min
Fang Chieh-min (Chinese: 方介民; pinyin: Fāng Jièmín; born 31 January 1986) is a Taiwanese badminton player. He paired with Lee Sheng-mu in men's doubles. The pair won 3 BWF Super Series titles including 2010 Singapore Super Series, 2010 Indonesia Super Series and 2012 Malaysia Super Series.

2010 Singapore Super Series
The 2010 Singapore Open Super Series is a top level badminton  competition which was held from June 15, 2010 to June 20, 2010 in Singapore. It is the fifth BWF Super Series competition on the 2010 BWF Super Series schedule. The total purse for the event is $200,000.
Freer House
Freer House is a historic home located at Poughkeepsie, Dutchess County, New York.  It was built about 1728 and is a 1+1⁄2-story, four-bay-wide frame farmers cottage built of coursed fieldstone.  It is the oldest extant structure in the City of Poughkeepsie.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Dutchess County, New York
Dutchess County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 295,911. The county seat is the city of Poughkeepsie. The county was created in 1683, one of New York's first twelve counties, and later organized in 1713. Dutchess County is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.
Francesco Vitalini
Francesco Vitalini (1865–1904) was an Italian painter and engraver, active in depicting landscapes.

He was born in Fiordimonte in the region of Marche. He studied in Rome at the Institute of Fine Arts and then with Alessandro Morani at the Museo Industriale. He exhibited at the 1894–1897 Expositions of the Società Amatori e Cultori di Roma. He held exhibitions of his work in 1901 at the New Gallery in London and at the Salon of Paris in 1902. That year, he was invited by Adolfo Venturi to exhibit at the Gabinetto Nazionale delle Stampe of Rome.

He died from a fall in Gravasecca nelle Marmarole sulle Dolomiti, while he was climbing mountains by himself, making drawings of the Dolomite Alps.

Fiordimonte
Fiordimonte is a frazione of the comune of Valfornace in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Macerata. It was a separate comune until 1 January 2017, when it was merged with Pievebovigliana, which created the Valfornace comune.
Shermans Corner, Minnesota
Shermans Corner is a populated place in Angora Township, Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States.

It is located five miles south of Cook at the junction of U.S. Highway 53, Minnesota Highway 1, and Saint Louis County Road 22.

Sherman Corner is adjacent to Angora.

U.S. Route 53
U.S. Route 53, or U.S. Highway 53 (U.S. 53), is a north–south U.S. highway that runs for 404 miles (650 km) from La Crosse, Wisconsin to International Falls, Minnesota.  It is the primary north–south route in northwestern Wisconsin, serving as a vital link between I-94 at Eau Claire, Wisconsin and the Twin Ports of Superior, Wisconsin, and Duluth, Minnesota.  The entire route from Eau Claire to the city limits of Superior is a four lane divided highway.  The highway's northern terminus is at the Fort Frances–International Falls International Bridge in International Falls, Minnesota, at the Canada–US border.  Its southern terminus is in La Crosse, Wisconsin, at U.S. Highway 14.
Newington Academy for Girls
The Newington Academy for Girls, also known as Newington College for Girls, was a Quaker school established in 1824 in Stoke Newington, then north of London. In a time when girls' educational opportunities were limited, it offered a wide range of subjects "on a plan in degree differing from any hitherto adopted", according to the prospectus. It was also innovative in commissioning the world's first school bus. One of its founders was William Allen, a scientist and businessman active with the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade.

Van
A van is a type of road vehicle used for transporting goods or people. There is some variation in the scope of the word across the different English-speaking countries. The smallest vans, microvans, are used for transporting either goods or people in tiny quantities. Mini MPVs, compact MPVs, and MPVs are all small vans usually used for transporting people in small quantities. Larger vans with passenger seats are used for institutional purposes, such as transporting students. Larger vans with only front seats are often used for business purposes, to carry goods and equipment. Specially equipped vans are used by television stations as mobile studios. Postal services and courier companies use large step vans to deliver packages.
Medvenka
Medvenka (Russian: Медвенка) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Medvenka, Kursk Oblast, a work settlement in Medvensky District of Kursk Oblast

Rural localities

Medvenka, Kireyevsky District, Tula Oblast, a village in Dedilovsky Rural Okrug of Kireyevsky District of Tula Oblast

Medvenka, Leninsky District, Tula Oblast, a village in Medvensky Rural Okrug of Leninsky District of Tula Oblast

Kireyevsky District
Kireyevsky District  (Russian: Кире́евский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tula Oblast, Russia. Within the framework of municipal divisions, it is incorporated as Kireyevsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 931 square kilometers (359 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kireyevsk. Population: 75,142 (2010 Census);  79,142 (2002 Census); 93,073 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kireyevsk accounts for 34.0% of the district's total population.
Vvedenka, Kharkiv Oblast
Vvedenka (Ukrainian: Введенка, Russian: Введенка) is a rural settlement in Chuhuiv Raion of Kharkiv Oblast in Ukraine. It is located on the left bank of the Udy, a tributary of the Donets. Vvedenka belongs to Novopokrovka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,320 (2022 estimate).

Until 26 January 2024, Vvedenka was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Vvedenka became a rural settlement.

Donets
The Seversky Donets (Russian: Северский Донец) or Siverskyi Donets (Ukrainian: Сіверський Донець), usually simply called the Donets (Russian: Донец, lit. 'Don + - ets, suffix'), is a river on the south of the East European Plain. It originates in the Central Russian Upland, north of Belgorod, flows south-east through Ukraine (Kharkiv, Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts) and then again through Russia (Rostov Oblast) to join the river Don, about 100 km (62 mi) from the Sea of Azov. The Donets is the fourth-longest river in Ukraine, and the largest in eastern Ukraine, where it is an important source of fresh water. It gives its name to the Donets Basin, known commonly as the Donbas, an important coal-mining and industrial region in Ukraine.
Gunnera
Gunnera is the sole genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Gunneraceae, which contains 63 species. Some species in this genus, namely those in the subgenus Panke, have extremely large leaves. Species in the genus are variously native to Latin America,  Australia, New Zealand, Papuasia, Hawaii, insular Southeast Asia, eastern Africa, and Madagascar. The stalks of some species are edible.

Papuasia
Papuasia is a Level 2 botanical region defined in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, in the Melanesia ecoregion of Oceania and Tropical Asia.

It comprises the following geographic and political entities:

Aru Islands (Indonesia; treated as part of Western New Guinea in the Scheme)

New Guinea
Papua New Guinea
Western New Guinea (Indonesia)

Solomon Islands (archipelago)
Bougainville
Solomon Islands (excluding the Santa Cruz Islands)
Tyrannochthonius brooksi
Tyrannochthonius brooksi is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Chthoniidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1991 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey. The specific epithet brooksi honours Darren Brooks, who collected some of the type specimens.

Pseudoscorpion
Pseudoscorpions, also known as false scorpions or book scorpions, are small, scorpion-like arachnids belonging to the order Pseudoscorpiones, also known as Pseudoscorpionida or Chelonethida.

Pseudoscorpions are generally beneficial to humans because they prey on clothes moth larvae, carpet beetle larvae, booklice, ants, mites, and small flies. They are common in many environments, but they are rarely noticed due to their small size. When people see pseudoscorpions, especially indoors, they often mistake them for ticks or small spiders. Pseudoscorpions often carry out phoresis, a form of commensalism in which one organism uses another for the purpose of transport.
Gamma-ray laser
A gamma-ray laser, or graser, is a hypothetical device that would produce coherent gamma rays, just as an ordinary laser produces coherent rays of visible light.  Potential applications for gamma-ray lasers include medical imaging, spacecraft propulsion, and cancer treatment.

In his 2003 Nobel lecture, Vitaly Ginzburg cited the gamma-ray laser as one of the 30 most important problems in physics.

The effort to construct a practical gamma-ray laser is interdisciplinary, encompassing quantum mechanics, nuclear and optical spectroscopy, chemistry, solid-state physics, and metallurgy—as well as the generation, moderation, and interaction of neutrons—and involves specialized knowledge and research in all these fields. The subject involves both basic science and engineering technology.

Vitaly Ginzburg
Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg ForMemRS (Russian: Вита́лий Ла́заревич Ги́нзбург; 4 October [O.S. 21 September] 1916 – 8 November 2009) was a Russian physicist who was honored with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2003, together with Alexei Abrikosov and Anthony Leggett for their "pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids."

He spent his career in the former Soviet Union and was one of the leading figure in former  Soviet program of nuclear weapons, working towards designs of the thermonuclear devices. He became a member of the  Russian Academy of Sciences and succeeded Igor Tamm as head of the Department of Theoretical Physics of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FIAN). In his later life, Ginzburg become an outspoken atheist and was critical of clergy's influence in Russian society.