hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maria Blower
Maria Blower (born 21 August 1964) is a female retired English road racing cyclist. She competed in the road race  at the 1984 Summer Olympics, finishing 29th, and at the 1988 Summer Olympics, finishing 6th.

She also represented England in the road race, at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in Auckland, New Zealand.

1990 Commonwealth Games
The 1990 Commonwealth Games (Māori: 1990 Taumāhekeheke Commonwealth) were held in Auckland, New Zealand from, 24 January – 3 February 1990. It was the 14th Commonwealth Games, and part of New Zealand's 1990 sesquicentennial celebrations.

Participants competed in ten sports: athletics, aquatics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, judo, lawn bowls, shooting and weightlifting. Judo (which had been a demonstration sport in 1986) and Gymnastics (last held in 1978) were added as events by the New Zealand organising committee, effectively replacing wrestling, which was dropped from the Games for the first time and rowing which had been held for the last time.

Netball and the Triathlon were demonstration events.
Woodrow Wilson Pace
The Woodrow Wilson Pace was a harness racing major event for two-year-old Standardbred pacers run from 1977 through 2012 at the Meadowlands Racetrack in East Rutherford, New Jersey.

First run in 1977 for a purse of $280,000, by 1980 the purse was $2,011,000, making it the richest race of any breed in horse racing history.

Meadowlands Racetrack
The Meadowlands Racetrack (currently referred to as Meadowlands Racing & Entertainment) is a horse racing track at the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, United States. The track hosts both thoroughbred racing and harness racing. It is known popularly in the region as "The Big M". Meadowlands has year-round horse racing as well as a number of bars and restaurants.
The Esplanade (Kenner, Louisiana)
The Esplanade, also known as Esplanade Mall, was a suburban shopping mall located in the New Orleans suburb of Kenner, Louisiana, United States. Its anchors are Dillard's Clearance Center, 3.6.5+ by image, Target, and Regal Cinemas' Regal Grand Esplanade & GPX. Its former anchors are D. H. Holmes, Macy's (the first Macy's in Louisiana), and Mervyn's. It opened in September 1985 and was owned by the Simon Property Group, who acquired it when they acquired the Mills Corporation in 2007. Simon was the owner of The Mall From mid-2007 until mid-September 2016, when Pacific Retail Capital Partners took over as a new owner. Pacific Retail Capital Partners was the owner of The Mall from September 2016 until June 2018 when Kohan Retail Investment Group bought it. Kohan Retail Investment Group owned the mall from June 2018 until August 2021, when it was used by the Kenner City Government as a temporary City Hall in the wake of Hurricane Ida.

Simon Property Group
Simon Media Properties, LLC, doing business as Simon Property Group, Inc., is an American real estate investment trust that invests in shopping malls, outlet centers, and community/lifestyle centers. It is the largest owner of shopping malls in the United States and is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana. As of December 31, 2024, it owned  interests in 232 properties.
Street executions in Warsaw (1943–1944)
The street executions in Warsaw in 1943 and 1944 were the mass executions of Polish hostages carried out by the German occupiers on the streets of Warsaw.

The first executions on the streets of the capital took place in mid-October 1943, shortly after SS-Brigadeführer Franz Kutschera assumed the position of SS and police leader for the Warsaw District. During his rule, approximately 5,000 Poles were murdered in Warsaw, of whom at least 1,200 were executed directly on the city's streets. The victims were primarily ordinary Warsaw residents apprehended during mass roundups.

The Germans ceased summary executions in mid-February 1944, following the successful assassination of Kutschera by soldiers of the Home Army's Kedyw unit.

Franz Kutschera
Franz Kutschera (22 February 1904 – 1 February 1944) was an Austrian Nazi politician and government official. He held numerous political and administrative offices with the Nazi Party and the Schutzstaffel (SS) both before and after the Anschluss of Austria in 1938. During World War II, he served with the SS in France, Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and finally Poland.

In 1943, Kutschera was appointed the SS and Police Leader in German-occupied Warsaw. Due to his crimes against Poles, including Polish Jews, the Polish Home Army, in agreement with the Polish government in exile, targeted him for assassination. On 1 February 1944, he was gunned down in front of the SS headquarters in Warsaw in a special operation by Kedyw, a dedicated resistance special operations unit. In reprisal, the Germans executed 300 Polish civilians.
Hyposmocoma partita
Hyposmocoma partita is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the island of Hawaii. The type locality is Hilo, where it was collected at an elevation of 2,000 feet (610 m).

The larva is probably a case maker.

Cosmopterigidae
The Cosmopterigidae  are a family of insects (cosmet moths) in the order Lepidoptera. These are small moths with narrow wings whose tiny larvae feed internally on the leaves, seeds and stems of their host plants. About 1500 species have been described. The taxonomic family is most diverse in the Australian and Pacific region with about 780 species.

Several genera formerly included here have been moved to the Agonoxeninae.
Kozo Uno
Kozo Uno (宇野 弘蔵, Uno Kōzō; November 12, 1897 – February 22, 1977) was a Japanese economist and is considered one of the most important theorists on the field of Marx's theory of value.

He is an influential Marxist economist in Japan, where his school of thought is called the Uno School (Uno gakuha) . His main work Principles of Economics [経済原論] was published in 1950-52. Among his scholars are Thomas T. Sekine and Makoto Itoh.

Rissho University
Rissho University (立正大学, Risshō Daigaku), one of the oldest universities in Japan, was founded in 1580, when a seminary was established as a learning center for young monks of the Nichiren shu.

The university's name came from the Rissho Ankoku Ron, a thesis written by Nichiren, a prominent Buddhist priest of the Kamakura period. Rissho University enrolls approximately 11,900 students. It has 14 undergraduate departments and 6 graduate school research departments on two separate campuses.
Velazquez
Velázquez, also Velazquez, Velásquez or Velasquez (/vəˈlæskɛz/, /-ˈlæz-/), is a surname from Spain. It is a patronymic name, meaning "son of Velasco".

References to "Velazquez" without a first name are often to the Spanish painter, Diego Velázquez.

Notable people with this surname include:

Velasco
Velasco (also Belasco or Belasko) is a Basque family name. According to the academy of Basque language, it is derived from the Visigothic name 'Vela' (Vigila) and the Basque suffix –sco. The name also made its way into Portuguese as Vasco.

Notable people with the surname include:
Tornado outbreak of August 6, 1969
On August 6, 1969, a destructive tornado outbreak affected portions of the Upper Midwest—principally north-central Minnesota. The severe weather event generated 14 confirmed tornadoes, killed 15 people, and caused 109 injuries. To date, the outbreak remains the deadliest on record in the North Woods region of Minnesota. It is also known as the 1969 Minnesota tornado outbreak and the 1969 North Woods tornado outbreak. The most destructive tornado of the outbreak was a 33-mile-long (53 km) violent F4 that leveled miles of timberland and farmland across portions of Crow Wing, Cass, and Aitkin counties in Minnesota, killing at least 12 people and injuring 70 others.

Upper Midwest
The Upper Midwest is a northern subregion of the U.S. Census Bureau's Midwestern United States. Although the exact boundaries are not uniformly agreed upon, the region is usually defined to include the states of Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin, North Dakota, and South Dakota; some definitions include parts of Nebraska and Illinois.
Ikniouen
Ikniouen is a commune in the Tinghir Province of the Drâa-Tafilalet administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 15738 people living in 1645 households.

Drâa-Tafilalet
Drâa-Tafilalet (Arabic: درعة - تافيلالت, romanized: darʿa - tāfīlālt) is one of the twelve regions of Morocco. It covers an area of 88,836 km2 and had a population of 1,635,008 as of the 2014 Moroccan census. The capital of the region is Errachidia.
Horse Owners' Club
Horse Owners' Club (Arabic: نادى اصحاب الجياد الاسكندرية), also known as Ashab Aljead, is an Egyptian sports and cultural club based in Alexandria, Egypt. Founded on 23 August 1934, it is located on the 14th of May Bridge Road. The club exists of a basketball, Association football, volleyball and handball teams at Egypt's highest levels.

The men's basketball team plays in the Egyptian Basketball Premier League, the highest national level.

Egyptian Basketball Premier League
The Egyptian Basketball Premier League (Arabic: بطولة الدورى العام الممتاز (أ) رجال) is the top professional basketball division of the Egyptian basketball league system. Administered by the Egyptian Basketball Federation (EBBFED), it is contested by 16 teams, with the two lowest-placed teams relegated to the Egyptian Basketball Premier League B and replaced by the top two teams in that division.

A total of five clubs have been crowned champions of the Egyptian Basketball Super League since its inception in 1972, with Zamalek winning the title a record 15 times and Al Ittihad 14 times, though the Egyptian Basketball Super League also saw other champions, including Gezira (11 times), Al Ahly (8 times) and Sporting (3 times). The champions of each season qualify for the Basketball Africa League (BAL) regular season.
Sweet Grass, Edmonton
Sweet Grass is a residential neighbourhood in south west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.  It is named for Cree Chief Sweet Grass, "who was one of the early west's first conservationists and instrumental in the protection of the Plains Bison."

Development of the neighbourhood occurred during the 1970s and early 1980s when 92.3% of the residences were constructed.  The most common type of residence in the neighbourhood (44%) is the single-family dwelling.  This is followed by row houses (36%) and apartments in low-rise buildings with fewer than five stories (19%).  Two out of three residences are owner-occupied (67%) with the remaining one out of three residences (33%) being rented.

Single-family detached home
A single-family detached home – also called a single-detached dwelling, single-family residence (SFR), separate house, or other similar terms – is a free-standing residential building. It is defined in opposition to a multi-family residential dwelling.
Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus
The Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus, also known as the Holy Name of Jesus Co-Cathedral, is the co-cathedral, or technical cathedra of the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem. It is located in the Christian Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem, about halfway between the New Gate and the Jaffa Gate, within the Old City walls.

Jaffa Gate
Jaffa Gate (Hebrew: שער יפו, romanized: Sha'ar Yafo; Arabic: باب الخليل, romanized: Bāb al-Khalīl, "Hebron Gate") is one of the seven main open gates of the Old City of Jerusalem.

The name Jaffa Gate is currently used for both the historical Ottoman gate from 1538, and for the wide gap in the city wall adjacent to it to the south. The old gate has the layout of a medieval gate tower with an L-shaped entryway, which was secured at both ends (north and east) with heavy doors.

The breach in the wall was created in 1898 by the Ottoman authorities in order to allow German emperor Wilhelm II to enter the city triumphally. The breach and the ramp leading to it now allow cars to access the Old City from the west.

The L-shape of the historical gateway was a classical defensive measure designed to slow oncoming attackers, with its outer gate oriented in the direction of Jaffa Road, from which travellers including pilgrims arrived at the end of their journey from the port of Jaffa.
2020 Slovak Open – Doubles
Frederik Nielsen and Tim Pütz were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Harri Heliövaara and Emil Ruusuvuori won the title after defeating Lukáš Klein and Alex Molčan 6–4, 6–3 in the final.

Emil Ruusuvuori
Emil Ruusuvuori (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈeːmil ˈruːsuˌʋuo̯ri]; born 2 April 1999) is a Finnish professional tennis player. He reached a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 37 on 3 April 2023. He is currently the No. 2 Finnish singles tennis player. He has a career-high doubles ranking of World No. 179 achieved on 2 May 2022.

As a junior, Ruusuvuori was ranked as high as World No. 4 in the ITF combined junior rankings. In 2017, he reached the singles quarterfinals of the Australian Open boys' singles, the singles semifinals of the US Open boys' singles, and won the ITF Junior Masters.

Ruusuvuori has also represented Finland in the Davis Cup, where he has a win–loss record of 5–5. In September 2019, he defeated reigning world number 5 and 2-time Roland Garros finalist Dominic Thiem in straight sets in a Davis Cup singles rubber.
Richland County Courthouse (North Dakota)
The Richland County Courthouse in Wahpeton, North Dakota, USA, was built in 1912. It was designed by the architects Buechner & Orth in Beaux Arts style. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Its exterior is built of Bedford limestone atop "rusticated Kettle River sandstone". The front facade features four Corinithian columns. The building has an octagonal limestone tower with windows on all eight sides and a metal-covered dome topped by a ball finial. The interior rotunda features murals with white marble and terrazzo.

Indiana limestone
Indiana limestone (also known as Bedford limestone) is a form of limestone used as a building material, particularly for monumental public structures. Some 35 of the 50 state capitol buildings in the United States are made of Indiana limestone, as are the Empire State Building, Biltmore Estate, the Pentagon and National Cathedral in Washington, D.C..

Indiana limestone is a more common term for Salem Limestone, a geological formation primarily quarried in south central Indiana, USA, between the cities of Bloomington and Bedford. It has been called the best quarried limestone in the United States.

Indiana limestone, like all limestone, is a rock primarily formed of calcium carbonate. It was deposited over millions of years as marine fossils decomposed at the bottom of a shallow inland sea which covered most of the present-day Midwestern United States during the Mississippian Period.
The Battle of Ranskoor Av Kolos
"The Battle of Ranskoor Av Kolos" is the tenth and final episode of the eleventh series of the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who. It was written by Chris Chibnall and directed by Jamie Childs, and was first broadcast on BBC One on 9 December 2018.

Set on the planet Ranskoor Av Kolos, the episode involves the alien time traveller the Thirteenth Doctor (Jodie Whittaker) and her companions Graham O'Brien (Bradley Walsh), Ryan Sinclair (Tosin Cole), and Yasmin Khan (Mandip Gill) working to stop the alien Stenza Tzim-Sha (Samuel Oatley) from using the powers of the psychic race the Ux to shrink the Earth in revenge for his previous defeat and exile thousands of years earlier.

The episode was watched by 6.65 million viewers, and received mixed reviews from critics.

Mandip Gill
Mandip Kaur Gill (born 5 January 1988) is a British actress and narrator. Her first television role came in 2012 when she was cast as Phoebe McQueen in the Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks. After departing the series in 2015, Gill went on to have guest roles in Cuckoo, Doctors, The Good Karma Hospital and Casualty. In October 2017, the BBC announced that Gill had been cast as companion Yasmin Khan in the 2018 series of Doctor Who. She appeared in every episode of Jodie Whittaker's tenure as the Thirteenth Doctor, in series 11, 12 and 13 as well as a series of specials in 2022.
Arnaud de Borchgrave
Arnaud Charles Paul Marie Philippe de Borchgrave (26 October 1926 – 15 February 2015) was a Belgian–American journalist who specialized in international politics. Following a long career with the news magazine Newsweek, covering 17 wars in 30 years as a foreign correspondent, he held key editorial and executive positions with The Washington Times and United Press International. Borchgrave was also a founding member of Newsmax Media.

Correspondent
A correspondent or on-the-scene reporter is usually a journalist or commentator for a magazine, or an agent who contributes reports to a newspaper, or radio or television news, or another type of company, from a remote, often distant, location. A foreign correspondent is stationed in a foreign country. The term "correspondent" refers to the original practice of filing news reports via postal letter. The largest networks of correspondents belong to ARD (Germany) and BBC (UK).
Pascal Van Hentenryck
Pascal Van Hentenryck (born 8 March 1963) is the A. Russell Chandler III Chair and Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering at Georgia Tech. He is credited with pioneering advances in constraint programming and stochastic optimization, bridging theory and practice to solve real-world problems across a range of domains including sports scheduling, protein folding, kidney matching, disaster relief, power systems, recommender systems, and transportation. He has developed several optimization technologies including CHIP, Numerica, the Optimization Programming Language (OPL—now an IBM product), and Comet. He has also published several books, including Online Stochastic Combinatorial Optimization, Hybrid Optimization, and Constraint-Based Local Search.

Van Hentenryck is an AAAI and INFORMS fellow and has received numerous awards and honorary degrees for his contributions to optimization and artificial intelligence.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Actual Wolf
Eric Pollard, (born March 21, 1980) known professionally as Actual Wolf, is an American singer-songwriter and instrumentalist best known for his instrumental work in Retribution Gospel Choir, Sun Kil Moon, Low and as the leader and songwriter for his eponymous band Actual Wolf.

Itasca County, Minnesota
Itasca County (/aɪˈtæskə/ eye-TASS-kə) is a county located in the Iron Range region of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 45,014. Its county seat is Grand Rapids. The county is named after Lake Itasca, which is in turn a shortened version of the Latin words veritas caput, meaning 'truth' and 'head', a reference to the source of the Mississippi River. Portions of the Bois Forte and Leech Lake Indian reservations are in the county.
Chenani
Chanani or Chenani is a town and tehsil in the Udhampur district, in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is governed by a notified area council (city council). Before 1947, it was an internal jagir ruled by a Chandel (Rajput) ruler in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. This Town has further gained importance after getting the Asia's longest tunnel from chenani to nasari.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Akrar (Skagafjörður)
Akrar is a cluster of farms at the base of Akrafjall mountain in the Blönduhlíð district of Skagafjörður, Iceland. There are four farms, located in close proximity, collectively named Akratorfa: Minni-Akrar, Stóru-Akrar, Höskuldsstaðir, and Miðhús. Akrar includes the Akradalur valley, which goes far into the mountains east of Blönduhlíð.

The lögréttumaður Eggert Jónsson had a residence in Akrar, but his son Jón Eggertsson managed the abbey in Möðruvellir. There used to be a ferry landing on the Héraðsvötn at Akrar, and by 1930, it was the last cable ferry.

Cable ferry
A cable ferry (including the types chain ferry, rope ferry, swing ferry, floating bridge, or punt) is a ferry that is guided (and in many cases propelled) across a river or large body of water by cables connected to both shores. The earliest examples date from the 13th century, and often used either rope or steel chains. These were largely replaced by wire cable by the late 19th century. Cable ferries use relatively little energy, but can hinder other craft.
Hemanga Baruah
Hemanga Baruah (14 March 1966 – 14 November 2015) was an Indian first-class cricketer from Assam. He played for Assam between 1984/85 – 1991/92. He was a left hand batsman and right-arm medium-pace bowler. He was born in Gauhati.

Baruah was one of the finest swing bowlers ever produced by Assam. He started his cricket from Gauhati Town Club. He played for Assam in Vijay Merchant Trophy in 1980, Cooch Behar Trophy and CK Nayudu Trophy in 1982.

Baruah made his first-class debut against Bihar in 1984-85 Ranji Trophy and took five wickets in his very first innings (5/52). He played 20 first-class matches and took 50 wickets during 1984–85 to 1991–92. His best bowling figures were 5/38 against Tripura. He also played for the Indian school team against West Indies school team and took the wicket of Brian Lara at the Nehru Stadium in the year 1984. Hemanga Baruah also represented India U-19 in one youth Test Match against Australia U-19 which was held from 9 to 12 March 1985 at Patna.

Nehru Stadium, Guwahati
26°10′50″N 91°45′28.8″E﻿ / ﻿26.18056°N 91.758000°E﻿ / 26.18056; 91.758000

Nehru Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Guwahati, Assam, India. In 1962, Radha Govinda Baruah supervised and built the stadium. He named it after the first prime minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru. It can host 25,000 spectators. The stadium is operated by the Board of Sports of Assam, Government of Assam. It has been mainly used for football and cricket.

Nehru Stadium has hosted 13 One Day Internationals matches and many matches of domestic cricket tournaments including Ranji Trophy, Duleep Trophy and Deodhar Trophy. In football, it hosts the prestigious Bordoloi Trophy and all three divisions of GSA Football League regularly. The stadium has also hosted the Santosh Trophy and Federation Cup, two top level domestic football tournaments of India.