hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chrysler Pronto Cruizer
The Chrysler Pronto Cruizer is a 1999 concept car manufactured by Chrysler and made its debut at the 1999 Geneva Motor Show. Designed by Bryan Nesbitt, the car's design was ultimately evolved into the Chrysler PT Cruiser.

Chrysler Neon
The Neon is a compact car built from November 1993 until 2005 by the American Chrysler Corporation over two generations. It has a  front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout and was available in two-door and four-door  sedan body styles. In the United States and Canada, it was sold as either a Dodge or a Plymouth (except for the 2001–2003 model years in Canada, when it was branded as a Chrysler), while in Europe, Mexico, Japan, South Korea, Egypt, Australia, South Africa, and South America, it was branded as a  Chrysler.

The Neon was offered in multiple versions and configurations over its production life, which lasted from the 1995 model year until 2005. The Neon nameplate was subsequently resurrected in 2016 for the Dodge Neon, a rebadged variant of the Fiat Tipo sedan for the Mexican and the Middle Eastern market.
RDH11
Retinol dehydrogenase 11 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RDH11 gene.

RHD11, a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily of oxidoreductases, is expressed at high levels in prostate epithelium, and its expression is regulated by androgens.[supplied by OMIM]

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Lai Yee Hing
Lai Yee Hing (Chinese: 賴怡興; pinyin: Lài Yíxìng) is a Singaporean organic chemistry professor based in the National University of Singapore. He was the principal of NUS High School of Mathematics and Science and held this position from July 2004 to 30 August 2007.

Lai Yee Hing graduated with a BSc from the former Nanyang University (now National University of Singapore) in 1976 and received his PhD from the University of Victoria in 1980. Following that he spent 2 years in University of California Berkeley as a post-doctoral fellow, working with Peter Vollhardt. His research interests include novel aromatic compounds, conjugated organic materials and macrocycles.

University of Victoria
The University of Victoria (UVic) is a public research university located in the municipalities of Oak Bay and Saanich, British Columbia, Canada. Established in 1903 as Victoria College, the institution was initially an affiliated college of McGill University until 1915. From 1921 to 1963, it functioned as an affiliate of the University of British Columbia. In 1963, the institution was re-organized into an independent university.
Straube
Straube is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Emil J. Straube (born 1952), Swiss and American mathematician

Erich Straube (1887–1971), German general

Karl Straube (1873–1950), German church musician, organist, and choral conductor

Kasper Straube (15th century), German printer

Rudolf Straube (1717–1785), German composer, J. S. Bach's pupil

Erich Straube
Erich Straube (11 December 1887 – 31 March 1971) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II who held several corps level commands. He was a recipient of the  Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany.

In late August 1944 Straube took command of a provisional army made up of approximately 70,000 personnel. This force suffered heavy casualties during the Battle of the Mons Pocket, with approximately 3,500 Germans being killed and 25,000 taken prisoner. Straube escaped.
Arto Aas
Arto Aas (born 9 June 1980) is an Estonian politician who was the Minister of Public Administration from 2015 to 2016.

On 9 April 2015, Aas became the Minister of Public Administration in Taavi Rõivas' second cabinet.

Taavi Rõivas's second cabinet
Taavi Rõivas's second cabinet was the cabinet of Estonia, in office from 9 April 2015 to 23 November 2016. It was a Triple Alliance coalition cabinet of liberal centre-right Estonian Reform Party, Social Democratic Party and conservative Pro Patria and Res Publica Union.
Lincoln Primary School
Lincoln Primary School / Te Kura o Tauhinu is a co-educational school based in Lincoln, New Zealand located on the Canterbury Plains to the west of Banks Peninsula, 22 kilometers south of Christchurch. The school is divided into five Syndicates: Syndicate 1 for Year 0, 1 and 2 students (5 to 7 year olds), Syndicate 2 for Year 3 and 4 students, Syndicate 3 for Year 5 and 6 students, Syndicate 4 for Year 7 and 8 students (11 to 13 year olds), and Syndicate 5 (Technology Centre). The Technology Centre caters for nine other partnership schools from Selwyn and the surrounding area.

Lincoln Primary School is situated next to Lincoln High School, a short distance from Lincoln University.

Lincoln High School, New Zealand
Lincoln High School is a state co-educational secondary school located in Lincoln in Canterbury's Selwyn District in New Zealand. Serving Years 9 to 13 (12 to 18-year-olds), the school has a roll of 1,397 students as of October 2025.
Edgar von Gierke
Edgar Otto Conrad von Gierke (9 February 1877, in Breslau – 21 October 1945, in Karlsruhe) was a German Jewish pathologist who specialized in glycogenesis and discovered glycogen storage disease type I (formerly known as von Gierke disease) in 1929.

Glycogenesis
Glycogenesis is the process of glycogen synthesis or the process of converting glucose into glycogen  in which glucose molecules are added to chains of glycogen for storage. This process is activated during rest periods following the Cori cycle, in the liver, and also activated by insulin in response to high glucose levels.
Todd Hollenbach
Louis J. Hollenbach, IV, known as Todd Hollenbach (born July 21, 1960), is an American former judge and politician who served as the 40th Kentucky State Treasurer. A Democrat, he was elected as treasurer in 2007 and re-elected in 2011. Because of term limits, Hollenbach was ineligible to run for a third term as treasurer in 2015 and instead won election to a vacant seat on the Jefferson County, Kentucky District Court in 2015.

Jefferson County, Kentucky
Jefferson County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 782,969. It is the most populous county in the commonwealth (with more than twice the population of second ranked Fayette County).

Since a city-county merger in 2003, the county's territory, population and government have been coextensive with the city of Louisville, which also serves as county seat. The administrative entity created by this merger is the Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government, abbreviated to Louisville Metro.

Jefferson County is the anchor of the Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area, locally referred to as Kentuckiana.
Era Aviation
Era Aviation was a fixed wing airline as well as a commercial helicopter operation based in Anchorage, Alaska, United States. It operated a network of scheduled fixed wing passenger services from Anchorage as well as from Bethel, AK on behalf of Alaska Airlines via a code sharing agreement. Its main base was located at the Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport (ANC). Era Aviation was later renamed Corvus Airlines and subsequently did business as Ravn Alaska before ultimately ending service in August, 2025.  The company slogan was FlySmart. FlyEra.

Valaris Limited
Valaris Limited (previously ENSCO-Rowan plc) is an offshore drilling contractor headquartered in Houston, Texas, and incorporated in Bermuda. It is the largest offshore drilling and well drilling company in the world. As of February 2025, it owned 52 rigs, including 36 offshore jackup rigs, 11 drillships, and 5 semi-submersible platform drilling rigs.

In 2024, the company's largest customer was BP (17% of revenues) and the company's 5 largest customers accounted for 49% of revenues.
Viktoria Ladõnskaja
Viktoria Ladõnskaja-Kubits (born 20 July 1981 in Anapa) is an Estonian politician and a member of its parliament, or Riigikogu. She represents the Tallinn constituency of Kesklinn, Lasnamäe and Pirita as a member of the Isamaa party. Ladõnskaja was elected to the Riigikogu in the 2015 election with 1,393 personal votes. Before starting her career in politics, Ladõnskaja worked as a freelance journalist and writer.

Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (Estonian: [ˈriːkiˈkoku], from Estonian riigi-, "of the state", and kogu, "assembly") is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the prime minister and chief justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the president. Among its other tasks, the Riigikogu also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations and bring about changes in law, as well as approves the budget presented by the government as law, and monitors the executive power.
HOFF Norske Potetindustrier
HOFF SA is a Norwegian agricultural cooperative processing and distributing potato produce. The company is owned by 4,000 farmers and has plants in Inderøy (Sundnes Brenneri), Gjøvik, Brumunddal, and Klepp. The company processes one third of the potato production in the country.

The main products are frozen, fresh and canned potatoes, including french fries, potato starch flour and potato chips. Other products include oil, spice, onion and akvavit. In total the company produces about 100 products.

Inderøy Municipality
Inderøy is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Innherad region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Straumen. Other villages include Framverran, Gangstadhaugen, Hylla, Kjerknesvågen, Kjerringvika, Røra, Sakshaug, Sandvollan, Småland, Trongsundet, Utøya, Vangshylla, and Venneshamn. The municipality is primarily an agricultural community, but also has some industry.

The 366-square-kilometre (141 sq mi) municipality is the 247th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Inderøy Municipality is the 147th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,938. The municipality's population density is 19 inhabitants per square kilometre (49/sq mi) and its population has increased by 3.2% over the previous 10-year period.
Hammer Stradivarius
The Hammer Stradivarius is an antique violin made by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari (1644–1737) of Cremona.  The back measures 36 cm, bearing the label inside: "Antonius Stradivarius Cremonensis/Faciebat Anno 1707".  Dating from 1707, it was made during Stradivari's 'golden' period.

It is named after Christian Hammer, a 19th-century Swedish collector who is its first recorded owner.  The violin made its way to the United States in 1911 with violinist and teacher Bernard Sinsheimer. In 1992, it was acquired by a Japanese oil company in an estate sale. The Hammer was on loan to violinist Kyoko Takezawa, who performed with it for the next twelve years.

On 16 May 2006, The Hammer made news when it was sold at Christie's auction to an anonymous bidder for US$3.54 million, with a pre-auction estimated value of US$1.5 million to 2.5 million.

Cremona
Cremona (/krɪˈmoʊnə/ krim-OH-nə, UK also /krɛˈ-/ krem-, Italian: [kreˈmoːna]; Cremunés: Cremùna; Emilian: Carmona) is a city and comune (municipality) in northern Italy, situated in Lombardy, on the left bank of the Po river in the middle of the Po Valley. It is the capital of the province of Cremona and the seat of the local city and province governments. The city of Cremona is especially noted for its musical history and traditions, including some of the earliest and most renowned luthiers, such as Giuseppe Guarneri, Antonio Stradivari, Francesco Rugeri, Vincenzo Rugeri, and several members of the Amati family.
Nepenthes campanulata
Nepenthes campanulata (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz kæmˌpænjʊˈlɑːtə/; from Late Latin campānulātus "bell-shaped"), the bell-shaped pitcher-plant, is a tropical pitcher plant native to Borneo. It has also been reported from Palawan, the Philippines, though further field work is needed to confirm this identification.

Forest fires destroyed the only known population of N. campanulata in 1983 and it was uncertain whether the species had survived elsewhere or was in fact extinct. It was rediscovered in 1997, several hundred kilometres from the type locality. Nepenthes campanulata is listed as Vulnerable on the 2014 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Nepenthes campanulata has no known natural hybrids. No infraspecific taxa have been described.

Pitcher plant
Pitcher plants are  carnivorous plants that have modified leaves known as pitfall traps—prey-trapping mechanisms featuring a deep cavity filled with digestive liquid. The traps of what are considered to be "true" pitcher plants are formed by specialized leaves. The plants attract and drown the prey with nectar.
Boboy Salonga: Batang Tondo
Boboy Salonga: Batang Tondo (lit. 'Boboy Salonga: Tondo Kid') is a 1992 Filipino action film directed by Junn P. Cabreira. The film stars Jeric Raval in the title role, alongside Monica Herrera, Vic Vargas, Mark Gil, Rina Reyes, Francis Magalona, Jennifer Mendoza, Ronel Victor, Ali Sotto and Dick Israel. Produced by OctoArts Films, the film was released in May 1992 and distributed by Cinemax Studios.

Critic Justino Dormiendo of the Manila Standard gave the film a negative review, criticizing its lack of believability and being another example of Philippine cinema's "gross commercialization" through its tendency for violence.

The film is streaming online on YouTube.

Tondo, Manila
Tondo is a district located in Manila, Philippines. It is the largest, in terms of area and population, of Manila's sixteen districts, with a census-estimated 637,942 people in 2024. It consists of two congressional districts. It is also the second most densely populated district in the city.
Shabbethai Premsla
Shabbethai Premsla was a Galician philologist and scribe of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries who lived in Przemyśl, Poland, from which his name derives.

Premsla was the author of a commentary on Moses Kimhi's grammatical work, Sefer Mahalak, in which he defends the author against the criticism of Elijah Levita, a commentator on the same work. His annotations to the prayers, which were published in Dyhernfurth, Poland, were reprinted many times. He was a Talmudic scholar, and one of his responsa, on the writing of the Tetragrammaton, is found in the Teshubot ha-Geonim, published in Amsterdam in 1707. Four of his works, which were left in manuscript, are known, including one on the necessity of grammatical studies. Hayyim Bochner was his pupil.

Przemyśl
Przemyśl (Polish: [ˈpʂɛmɨɕl] ⓘ) is a city in southeastern Poland with 56,466 inhabitants, as of December 2023. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship. It was previously the capital of Przemyśl Voivodeship.

Przemyśl owes its long and rich history to the advantages of its geographic location. The city lies in an area connecting mountains and lowlands known as the Przemyśl Gate (Brama Przemyska), with open lines of transport, and fertile soil. It also lies on the navigable San River. Important trade routes that connect Central Europe from Przemyśl ensure the city's importance. The Old Town of Przemyśl is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland.

Since the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, Przemyśl has been a point of refuge for many Ukrainians, as it is located near the Poland–Ukraine border and serves as the end point of the Lviv–Przemyśl railway junction.
Michał Franciszek Sapieha
Michał Franciszek Sapieha (1670 – November 19, 1700) was a Polish-Lithuanian magnate of the Sapieha family, Koniuszy (Master of the Horse) of Lithuania, and a general of Lithuanian and Russian armies.

He was a son of Kazimierz Jan Sapieha and his first wife Krystyna Barbara Hlebowicz.

In 1680 he attended a Jesuit college in Warsaw, then one in Braniewo. He participated in the campaign against Turkey of Emperor Leopold I in 1690, and then after John III Sobieski's Moldovian adventures, returned to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1691. In the spring of 1692 he was promoted to major general in the Habsburg army and in the years 1693–1694 fought in further wars against the Ottomans as head of the 47th Styrian Infantry Regiment. He participated in the Siege of Belgrade in 1693.

Duchy of Styria
The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark; Slovene: Vojvodina Štajerska; Latin: Ducatus Styriae) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918.
Rimba Racer
Rimba Racer is a Malaysian animated television series created by Glue Studios. The series follows a young, aspiring racer named Tag who enters the prestigious auto racing league, the Rimba Grand Prix, to fulfill his dream of racing, but also discovers a conspiracy in its midst and collaborates with other racers to unravel the subversive forces behind the sport. Rimba Racer is Malaysia's first anthropomorphic themed cartoon. Its first episode premiered on 25 December 2014 on Nickelodeon India before its airing in its home country on TV3. This animation is currently airing on TV9.

The show is noted as one of the success stories of local Malaysian animation startups.

Dailymotion
Dailymotion is a French online video sharing platform owned by Canal+. Prior to 2024, it was owned by Vivendi. North American launch partners included Vice Media, Bloomberg, and Hearst Digital Media. Dailymotion was among the first platforms to support HD (720p) resolution video. It is available worldwide in 183 languages and 43 localised versions featuring local home pages and content. It has more than 300 million monthly users.
Nelder–Mead method
The Nelder–Mead method (also downhill simplex method, amoeba method, or polytope method) is a numerical method used to find a local minimum or maximum of an objective function in a multidimensional space. It is a direct search method (based on function comparison) and is often applied to nonlinear optimization problems for which derivatives may not be known. However, the Nelder–Mead technique is a heuristic search method that can converge to non-stationary points on problems that can be solved by alternative methods.

The Nelder–Mead technique was proposed by John Nelder and Roger Mead in 1965, as a development of the method of Spendley et al.

Heuristic
A heuristic or heuristic technique (problem solving, mental shortcut, rule of thumb) is any approach to problem solving that employs a pragmatic method that is not fully optimized, perfected, or rationalized, but is nevertheless "good enough" as an approximation or attribute substitution. Where finding an optimal solution is impossible or impractical, heuristic methods can be used to speed up the process of finding a satisfactory solution. Heuristics can be mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load of making a decision.

Heuristic reasoning is often based on induction, or on analogy ... Induction is the process of discovering general laws ... Induction tries to find regularity and coherence ... Its most conspicuous instruments are generalization, specialization, analogy. [...] Heuristic discusses human behavior in the face of problems [... that have been] preserved in the wisdom of proverbs.
Silas Arngna'naaq
Silas Arngna'naaq is a Canadian politician from Baker Lake, Nunavut. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories. He served as the Minister of Renewable Resources for the Government of the Northwest Territories.

Arngna'naaq was elected to the Kivallivik electoral district in the 1991 Northwest Territories general election. He defeated two term incumbent Gordon Wray to win the Kivallivik electoral district. Arngna'naaq ran for a second term in office in the 1995 Northwest Territories general election but was defeated by candidate Kevin O'Brien.

As of 14 April 2010, he was the Acting Senior Consumer Affairs Officer for the Government of Nunavut.

Baker Lake, Nunavut
Baker Lake (Inuktitut syllabics: ᖃᒪᓂᑦᑐᐊᖅ 'big lake joined by a river at both ends', Inuktitut: Qamani'tuaq 'where the river widens') is a hamlet in the Kivalliq Region, in Nunavut on mainland Canada. Located on the shore of the namesake Baker Lake, it is notable for being Nunavut's sole inland community. The community was given its English name in 1761 from Captain William Christopher who named it after Sir William Baker, the 11th Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company.
Dong-wook
Dong-wook is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Song Dong-wook (born 1962), South Korean former tennis player

JK Kim Dong-wook (born 1975), South Korean singer

Lee Dong-wook (born 1981), South Korean actor

Shin Dong-wook (born 1982), South Korean actor

Kim Dong-wook (born 1983), South Korean actor

Seven (South Korean singer) (born Choi Dong-wook, 1984), South Korean singer

Song Dong-wook
Song Dong-wook (born August 20, 1962 in Seoul) is a former tennis player from South Korea, who represented his native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. There he was defeated in the first round by America's eventual runner up Tim Mayotte. The right-hander reached his highest singles ATP-ranking on April 27, 1987, when he became the number 352 of the world.
Ega (river)
The Ega is a river in the north of Spain. It is a tributary of the Ebro, which in turn empties into the Blearic Sea. The Ega flows through Navarre, but it originates in Álava, near Lagrán, and flows through the town of Estella-Lizarra.

Balearic Sea
The Balearic Sea (endotoponym: Mar Balear in Catalan and Spanish) also known as Iberian Sea, is a body of water in the Mediterranean Sea between the Balearic Islands and mainland Spain. The Ebro River flows into this small sea.
2014 Cavan County Council election
An election to all 18 seats on Cavan County Council took place on 23 May 2014 as part of the 2014 Irish local elections, a reduction from 25 at the previous election. County Cavan was divided into three local electoral areas to elect councillors for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

County Cavan
County Cavan (/ˈkævən/ KAV-ən; Irish: Contae an Chabháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Cavan and is based on the historic Gaelic territory of East Breffny (Bréifne). Cavan County Council is the local authority for the county, which had a population of 81,704 at the 2022 census.
1983 World Weightlifting Championships
The 1983 Men's World Weightlifting Championships were held at the Izmailovo Sports Palace in Moscow, Soviet Union, from October 22 to October 31, 1983. A total of 187 male athletes from 32 nations competed in the event.

Izmailovo Sports Palace
The Izmailovo Sports Palace is an indoor arena located in the Eastern Planning Zone in Moscow, Russia. It hosted the weightlifting competitions for the 1980 Summer Olympics.

After the Olympic Games, it became part of the sports facilities complex of the Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism. Additional construction involved a figure skating training arena, a mini-football and ice hockey arena, a choreography hall and an athletic training hall.