hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jean Grossholtz
Thelma Jean Grossholtz (April 17, 1929 – February 9, 2021) was an American professor of politics and women's studies at Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts. Beyond her academic work she was also known as an activist for peace and against forced prostitution, and as a senior bodybuilder.

Mount Holyoke College
Mount Holyoke College is a private women's liberal arts college in South Hadley, Massachusetts, United States. It is the oldest member of the historic Seven Sisters colleges, a group of historically women’s colleges in the Northeastern United States. The college was founded in 1837 as the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary by Mary Lyon, a pioneer in education for women. Mount Holyoke is part of the Five College Consortium in Western Massachusetts.

Undergraduate admissions are restricted to female, transgender, and nonbinary students. In 2014, it became the first member of the Seven Sisters (not counting the coeducational Vassar College) to introduce an admissions policy that was inclusive of transgender students. Graduate programs are open to applicants regardless of gender.

The college's 800-acre (3.2 km2) campus includes the Mount Holyoke College Art Museum, the John Payson Williston Observatory, and a botanic garden. The college awards the Glascock Prize annually.
Hempstead High
Hempstead High is the second studio album by American rapper A+. It was released in 1999 through Kedar Entertainment/Universal Records. Recording sessions took place at Unique Recording Studios and Battery Studios in New York and at Urban House Studios, Inc. in Houston. Production was handled by Bink!, DJ Clark Kent, Lil' Shawn, Mo-Suave-A, Smith Brothers Entertainment and Ty Fyffe, with Kedar Massenburg serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Canibus, Cardan, Chico DeBarge, Erykah Badu, MJG, Psycho Drama and the Lost Boyz. The album peaked at #60 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and #19 on the Top Heatseekers in the United States, and at number 72 in the Netherlands.

Chico DeBarge
Jonathan Arthur "Chico" DeBarge (born June 23, 1966) is an American R&B singer and musician. DeBarge was formerly a member of the DeBarge family musical group DeBarge. As a solo artist, he scored a 1986 US Top Forty hit with the song "Talk to Me".
Trail in Life (song)
"Trail in Life" is a song written and recorded by Canadian country music artist Dean Brody. It was released in October 2010 as the third single from his 2010 album Trail in Life. The song reached number 81 on the Canadian Hot 100 in early 2011.

Trail in Life
Trail in Life is the second studio album by Canadian country music artist Dean Brody. It was released on August 17, 2010 via Open Road Recordings under the production of Matt Rovey. The album includes the singles "Wildflower," "Roll That Barrel Out," "Trail in Life," "People Know You by Your First Name" and "Little Yellow Blanket."
Chris Harrington (footballer)
James Christopher Harrington (25 December 1896 – 6 May 1978) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Liverpool, Wigan Borough, Southport and Crewe Alexandra. He later moved to America to play for New York Giants.

Wigan Borough F.C.
Wigan Borough Football Club was an English football club from the town of Wigan, Lancashire. their forerunners were Wigan A.F.C., Wigan County, Wigan United and Wigan Town,  County and Town having folded.
Garber, Missouri
Garber is an unincorporated community in western Taney County in the Ozarks of southern Missouri. Garber is located along the Missouri Pacific Railroad line and Roark Creek, approximately four miles northwest of Branson.

Missouri Pacific Railroad
The Missouri Pacific Railroad (reporting mark MP), commonly abbreviated as MoPac, was one of the first railroads in the United States west of the Mississippi River. MoPac was a Class I railroad growing from dozens of predecessors and mergers. In 1967, the railroad operated 9,041 miles of road and 13,318 miles of track, not including DK&S, NO&LC, T&P, and its subsidiaries C&EI and Missouri-Illinois.

Union Pacific Corporation, the parent company of the Union Pacific Railroad, agreed to buy the Missouri Pacific Railroad on January 8, 1980. Lawsuits filed by competing railroads delayed approval of the merger until September 13, 1982. After the Supreme Court denied a trial to the Southern Pacific, the merger took effect on December 22, 1982. However, due to outstanding bonds of the Missouri Pacific, its full merger into the Union Pacific Railroad did not become official until January 1, 1997.
Oleksandrivka, Horokhivske rural hromada, Bashtanka Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast
Oleksandrivka (Ukrainian: Олександрівка) is a village near the Mykolaiv-Kherson Oblast border. It is located within Bashtanka Raion of Mykolaiv Oblast. It belongs to Horokhivske rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The population was 1,336 as of 2001.

Bashtanka Raion
Bashtanka Raion (Ukrainian: Баштанський район) is a raion (district) in Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Bashtanka. Population: 134,234 (2022 estimate).

On 19 July 2020, as part of Ukraine's administrative reform, the number of raions of Mykolaiv Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Bashtanka Raion was significantly expanded. Four abolished raions, Bereznehuvate,  Kazanka, Novyi Buh, and Snihurivka Raions, were merged into Bashtanka Raion. Before the reform, the raion's population was estimated at 36,507 (2020 est.).
Pál Szende
Pál Szende (born as Pál Schwarz, 7 February 1879 – 15 July 1934) was a Hungarian politician, who served as Minister of Finance between 1918 and 1919. From 1904 he worked as a lawyer. He participated in the radical political movement along with Oszkár Jászi. After the establishment of the Hungarian Soviet Republic he lived in Vienna. Szende took part in the Austrian Civil War after that he escaped to Czechoslovakia then Romania, where he died. Pál Szende is buried in the city of Seini, Romania.

Liberalism and radicalism in Hungary
This article gives an overview of liberalism and radicalism in Hungary. It is limited to liberal and radical parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. Modern Hungarian liberalism mostly opposes Viktor Orbán's government since 2010 and claims it to be undemocratic, quasi-democratic or hybrid.

From the start of liberalism in Hungary its program is combined with the struggle for independence from the Habsburg-rule and thus more autonomy in the country's affairs in relation with the Austrian Empire and later Austria-Hungary. The two realists groups, Deákists and Kossuthists, differ in their attitude towards the Habsburg rulers. Both groups had a conservative liberal or even conservative philosophy by the beginning of the 20th century.
PCO2
pCO2, pCO2, or  is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2), often used in reference to blood but also used in meteorology, climate science, oceanography, and limnology to describe the fractional pressure of CO2 as a function of its concentration in gas or dissolved phases.   The units of pCO2 are mmHg, atm, torr, Pa, or any other standard unit of atmospheric pressure.

Pascal (unit)
The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI). It is also used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength. The unit, named after Blaise Pascal, is an SI coherent derived unit defined as one newton per square metre (N/m2). It is also equivalent to 10 barye (10 Ba) in the CGS system. Common multiple units of the pascal are the hectopascal (1 hPa = 100 Pa), which is equal to one millibar, and the kilopascal (1 kPa = 1,000 Pa), which is equal to one centibar.

The unit of measurement called standard atmosphere (atm) is defined as 101325 Pa.
Meteorological observations typically report atmospheric pressure in hectopascals per the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization, thus a standard atmosphere or typical sea-level air pressure is about 1,013 hPa. Reports in the United States typically use inches of mercury or millibars (hectopascals). In Canada, these reports are given in kilopascals.
Lucy Benjamin
Lucy Benjamin (born Lucy Jane Baker; 25 June 1970) is an English actress. After appearing in various television series including Close to Home (1989–1990), Press Gang (1989–1993) and Jupiter Moon (1990, 1996), she was cast in the BBC soap opera EastEnders as Lisa Fowler in 1998, for which she received a nomination for Most Popular Actress at the 2001 National Television Awards.

Following her initial departure from the soap in 2003, she competed in The X Factor: Battle of the Stars (2006) which she won, as well as competing in I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (2009). She made guest returns to EastEnders in 2010 and 2017, while also appearing in series such as Casualty and Doctors. From 2019 to 2020, she reprised her role as Lisa on EastEnders for four months, before returning for another short stint in 2023.

National Television Awards
The National Television Awards (often shortened to NTAs) is a British television awards ceremony, broadcast by the ITV network and begun in 1995. The National Television Awards are the most prominent ceremony for which the results are voted on by the general public and are often branded as "television's biggest night of the year". In addition, an equivalent awards ceremony for film, called the National Movie Awards, was held in 2007 and 2008, before being revived in 2010 but has not been held since 2011.
Sulayman bin Hassan
The 27th Da'i al-Mutlaq of Ismailism according to the Sulaymanis. The Sulaymanis believed he became a Dai' as per the "Nass" of Syedna Dawood Bin Ajabshah while those who did not accept this (primarily in India and elsewhere in Arab lands) were called  Dawoodi Bohras.

He was born to Hasan bin Yusuf Najmuddin ibn Sulaiman and mother  Zainab binte Moosa, niece of Syedna Yusuf on the 6th of Shawwal 961 AH, 13 September 1554 AD, in Qasr-e-Sa'daan, Qila-e-Tayba of Qabeela-e-Hamadaan, the city of Sana'a in Today's north Yemen.

Nass (Islam)
Nass (Arabic: نَصّ, romanized: naṣṣ) is an Arabic word variously translated as "a known, clear legal injunction," a "divine decree", a "designation", "written law" as opposed to unwritten law,  "canonical text" that forbids or requires,
a "textual proof".

In Shia Islam (Twelver and Isma'ili), nass refers specifically to the designation of an infallible Imam by a previous infallible Imam.
Confessions of the Crocodile Hunter
"Confessions of the Crocodile Hunter" is the series finale of The Crocodile Hunter. It premiered on June 18, 2004. The episode discusses Irwin's accomplishments, and goes into deeper detail of the "Baby Bob" crocodile-feeding incident in early 2004. The episode achieved high ratings when it premiered, and marked the end of a week of new episodes, an event dubbed "Croc Week 2004". Although this was the last episode of the series proper, the show continued to run as specials until September 4, 2007 − over three years later, and exactly one year after Irwin's death.

Robert Irwin (conservationist)
Robert Clarence Irwin (born 1 December 2003) is an Australian conservationist, wildlife photographer, and television personality. The son of conservationists Steve and Terri Irwin, he manages Australia Zoo in Beerwah, Queensland, and is frequently involved in activities that his father originally participated in.

Irwin starred in and co-produced the Animal Planet television series Crikey! It's the Irwins (2018–2022) with his mother and older sister, Bindi. He currently co-hosts the Network 10 entertainment program I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here alongside Julia Morris, which earned him Logie Award nominations for Most Popular Personality on Australian Television and Most Popular Presenter. Irwin also won the thirty-fourth season of the American competition series Dancing with the Stars alongside Witney Carson.
Moon Sang-min
Moon Sang-min (Korean: 문상민; born April 14, 2000), is a South Korean actor and model. He is best known for his roles in Under the Queen's Umbrella (2022), Wedding Impossible (2024) and To My Beloved Thief (2026). Moon was awarded Best New Actor award for his role in Under the Queen's Umbrella at the 59th Baeksang Arts Awards in 2023.

59th Baeksang Arts Awards
The 59th Baeksang Arts Awards (Korean: 제59회 백상예술대상) ceremony, organised by JoongAng Group, was held at Incheon Paradise City, Incheon on April 28, 2023, at 17:30 KST. The event was hosted by Shin Dong-yup, Bae Suzy, and Park Bo-gum and was broadcast live in South Korea by JTBC and internationally by TikTok.

The annual awards ceremony is one of South Korea's most prestigious award shows, recognizing excellence in film, television, and theatre, through strict screening conducted by 60 professional evaluators, judges in the industry, and a group of experts representing TV, film, and theater through a fierce screening process.

The nominees were announced on April 7, 2023, via its official website. All works released between April 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023, were eligible for nominations.
Disaster books
Disaster books are a literary non-fiction genre involving detailed descriptions of major historical disasters, often based on the historical records or personal testimonies of survivors. Since reportage of both natural disasters and man-made disasters is commonplace, authors tend to be journalists who develop their news reports into books. While usually well written, they can lose sight of the causes, especially in man-made catastrophes where poor engineering, human error or negligence have combined to cause failure. On the other hand, authors who have been directly involved in an accident can reveal facts which have not been widely known, and provide insight into the problem.

Human error
Human error is an action that has been done but that was "not intended by the actor; not desired by a set of rules or an external observer; or that led the task or system outside its acceptable limits". Human error has been cited as a primary cause and contributing factor in disasters and accidents in industries as diverse as nuclear power (e.g., the Three Mile Island accident), aviation (e.g., United Airlines Flight 173), space exploration (e.g., the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster and Space Shuttle Columbia disaster), and medicine. Prevention of human error is generally seen as a major contributor to reliability and safety of (complex) systems. Human error is one of the many contributing causes of risk events.
1972 New Zealand gallantry awards
The 1972 New Zealand gallantry awards were announced via two Special Honours Lists dated 7 March and 27 July 1972, and recognised five New Zealand military personnel for gallant and distinguished service during operations in Vietnam.

New Zealand in the Vietnam War
New Zealand's involvement in the Vietnam War was controversial, sparking widespread protest at home from anti-Vietnam War movements modelled on their American counterparts. This conflict was also the first in which New Zealand did not fight alongside the United Kingdom, instead following the loyalties of the ANZUS Treaty.

New Zealand decided to send troops to Vietnam in 1964 because of Cold War concerns and alliance considerations. The potential adverse effect on the ANZUS alliance of not supporting the United States (and Australia) in Vietnam was key. It also upheld New Zealand's national interests of countering communism in Southeast Asia.

The government wanted to maintain solidarity with the United States, but was unsure about the likely outcome of external military intervention in Vietnam. Prime Minister Keith Holyoake decided to keep New Zealand involvement in Vietnam at the minimum level deemed necessary to meet allied expectations.
Walter Riggs
Walter Merritt Riggs (January 24, 1873 – January 22, 1924) was the president of Clemson University from 1910 to 1924 and the "father of Clemson football" coaching the first football team for what was then Clemson College. Riggs was president of Clemson during one of its most challenging times, during World War I, when enrollment dropped due to students joining the military or going home to help on family farms. Riggs graduated from the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama (now Auburn University) with a Bachelor of Science in engineering in 1892 and was a member of Auburn's first football team. He was also president of his class, director of the glee club, and a member of Phi Delta Theta fraternity while at Auburn. Riggs was the second president of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association, taking over for William Lofland Dudley in 1912.

Riggs Hall, which is the home of Clemson's College of Engineering, Computing and Applied Sciences, is named in his honor.

Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association
The Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) was one of the first collegiate athletic conferences in the United States.  Twenty-seven of the current Division I FBS (formerly Division I-A) football programs were members of this conference at some point, as were at least 19 other schools. Every member of the current Southeastern Conference except Arkansas, Missouri and Oklahoma, as well as six of the eighteen current members of the Atlantic Coast Conference formerly held membership in the SIAA.
Nino Machaidze
Nino Machaidze (Georgian: ნინო მაჩაიძე; born 8 March 1983) is a Georgian operatic soprano. She performs in 19th-century Romantic repertoire, primarily in operas by Rossini and Verdi as well as French operas. Beginning her career at La Scala, she gained international attention after being cast as Juliette in Gounod's Roméo et Juliette at the 2008 Salzburg Festival, after which she earned the nickname "Angelina Jolie of Opera" from the Austrian press.

Daniele Gatti
Daniele Gatti (born 6 November 1961) is an Italian conductor. He is currently chief conductor of Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, artistic advisor of the Mahler Chamber Orchestra, music director of the Orchestra Mozart and chief conductor of the Staatskapelle Dresden.
Sölvesborg
Sölvesborg is a locality and the seat of Sölvesborg Municipality in Blekinge County, Sweden with 10,024 inhabitants in 2013.

Sölvesborg is, despite its small population, for historical reasons normally still referred to as a city. Statistics Sweden, however, only counts localities with more than 10,000 inhabitants as cities.

Blekinge County
Blekinge County (Swedish: Blekinge län) is a county or län in the south of Sweden. It borders the Counties of Skåne, Kronoberg, Kalmar and the Baltic Sea. The capital is Karlskrona. It is the smallest of the present administrative counties of Sweden, covering only 0.7% of the total area of the country. Princess Adrienne, the daughter of Princess Madeleine, is Duchess of Blekinge.
Ulmus glabra 'Nana'
The dwarf wych elm cultivar Ulmus glabra 'Nana', a very slow growing shrub that with time forms a small tree, is of unknown origin. It was listed in the Simon-Louis (Metz, France) 1869 catalogue as Ulmus montana nana. Henry (1913), referring his readers to an account of the Kew specimen in the journal Woods and Forests, 1884, suggested that it may have originated from a witch's broom.  It is usually classified as a form of Ulmus glabra and is known widely as the 'Dwarf Wych Elm'. However, the ancestry of 'Nana' has been disputed in more recent years, Melville considering the specimen once grown at Kew to have been a cultivar of Ulmus × hollandica.

Not to be confused with Loudon's U. campestris nana (1838), a dwarf field elm "with small, narrow, rough leaves", or with Ulmus 'Monstrosa', a long-petioled dwarf field-elm cultivar sometimes referred to as 'Nana Monstrosa'.

Ronald Melville (botanist)
Ronald Melville FLS (12 March 1903 – 6 August 1985) was an English botanist, based at the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. He is chiefly remembered for his wartime research into rosehips as a source of vitamin C, prompted by the epidemic of scurvy amongst children owing to the reduced importation of fresh fruit. His research concluded that hips from the common Dog Rose, Rosa canina, held the highest concentration of the vitamin. In later years, he challenged the two-species taxonomy of the British elms proposed by Richens, identifying five distinct species, several varieties and numerous complex hybrids. Melville assembled a large collection of elm species, varieties and hybrids which are still growing at Royal Botanic Gardens Kew's Wakehurst site.

Melville also compiled the world's first Red Data Book, published in 1970, listing all known threatened plants. He was made a Fellow of the Linnean Society in 1938. The tree Acacia melvillei is named in his honour.
Archips argyrospila
Archips argyrospila, the fruit-tree leafroller moth,  is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in most of the United States and southern Canada.

The length of the forewings is 6–10.2 mm for males and 8.5–11.7 mm for females. Adults are on wing from mid May to July in one generation per year.

The larvae feed on a wide range of plants and are considered a pest on apples and pears. Recorded host plants include: Medicago, Malus, Prunus, Taxodium distichum, Phaseolus, Vaccinium, Betula, Acer negundo, Aesculus, Ceanothus, Cercocarpus, Citrus, Quercus, Eriodictyon, Vitis, Crataegus, Carya, Gleditsia triacanthos, Humulus, Syringa, Avena, Allium, Maclura pomifera, Pyrus, Rheum, Sassafras and Juglans species.

Cercocarpus
Cercocarpus, commonly known as mountain mahogany, is a small genus of at least nine species of nitrogen-fixing flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. They are native to the western United States and northern Mexico, where they grow in chaparral and semidesert habitats and climates, often at high altitudes. Several are found in the California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion.

The classification of Cercocarpus within the Rosaceae has been unclear. The genus has been placed in the subfamily Rosoideae, but is now placed in subfamily Dryadoideae.

Members of the genus are deciduous shrubs or small trees, typically reaching heights of 3–6 m (9–18 ft) tall, but exceptionally up to 13 m (40 ft) high. C. montanus usually remains under 1 m (3 ft) high because of incessant grazing by elk and deer.

The name is derived from the Greek words κέρκος (kerkos), meaning "tail" and καρπός (karpos), meaning "fruit".  It refers to the tail-like plume on the fruits.
Kranshoek
Kranshoek is a settlement in Garden Route District Municipality in the Western Cape province of South Africa.

Kranshoek was founded in the early years of the 20th century by a group of Griqua trekkers under the leadership  of Abraham le Fleur who had been displaced from their land in Kokstad. Le Fleur also founded the Griqua National Conference in 1904 and the Griqua Independent Church. A local monument, erected in 1942, celebrates the early Griqua pioneers.

Garden Route District Municipality
The Garden Route District Municipality (Afrikaans: Tuinroete-distriksmunisipaliteit; Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase Garden Route), formerly known as the Eden District Municipality, is a district municipality located in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Its municipality code is DC4.
Green Party of Hawaii
The Green Party of Hawai'i (GPH) (Hawaiian: ʻAoʻao ʻōmaʻomaʻo o Hawaiʻi) is the green party organization in the state of Hawaii, and an affiliate organization of the Green Party of the United States.

The party's focus includes environmental issues, community-based economics, personal responsibility, diversity, social justice, and non-violence.

Green party
A green party is a formally organized political party based on the principles of green politics, such as environmentalism and social justice.

Green party platforms typically embrace social democratic economic policies and form coalitions with other left-wing parties.

Green parties exist in nearly 90 countries around the world, many of which are members of Global Greens.