hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
El Kowm (archaeological site)
El Kowm or Al Kawm is  a circular, 20 km (12 mi) gap in the Syrian mountains that houses a series of archaeological sites. The El Kowm oasis is located northeast of Palmyra in Syria, near Al-Sukhnah. It shows some of the longest and most important cultural sequences in the Middle East, with periods of occupation by humans for over 1 million years.

Al-Sukhnah, Syria
Al-Sukhnah (Arabic: السخنة, romanized: as-Suxnah) is a town in eastern Syria under the administration of the Homs Governorate, located east of Homs in the Syrian Desert. Nearby localities include Mayadin and al-Asharah to the east, al-Taybah and Raqqa to the north, Salamiyah to the west, Arak and Tadmur (Palmyra) to the southwest.

According to Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Sukhnah had a population of 16,173 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of the al-Sukhnah nahiyah ("subdistrict") which consists of six localities with a collective population of 21,880 in the 2004 census. The town's inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims. Al-Sukhnah has attracted hundreds of residents from nearby villages in the 20th century and is currently a processing center for natural gas.
Dakin–West reaction
The Dakin–West reaction is a chemical reaction that transforms an amino-acid into a keto-amide using an acid anhydride and a base, typically pyridine. It is named for Henry Drysdale Dakin and Randolph West. In 2016 Schreiner and coworkers reported the first asymmetric variant of this reaction employing short oligopeptides as catalysts.

With pyridine as a base and solvent, refluxing conditions are required. However, with the addition of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as a catalyst, the reaction can take place at room temperature.

With some acids, this reaction can take place even in the absence of an α-amino group.

This reaction should not be confused with the Dakin reaction.

Acid anhydride
An acid anhydride is a type of chemical compound composed of two  acyl groups bonded to a common oxygen atom. They are commonly formed by the removal of water molecules from a pair of acids.

In organic chemistry, organic acid anhydrides contain the functional group −C(=O)−O−C(=O)−. Organic acid anhydrides often form when one equivalent of water is removed from two equivalents of an organic acid in a dehydration reaction.

In inorganic chemistry, an acid anhydride can refer to an acidic oxide, i.e., an oxide that reacts with water to form an oxyacid (an inorganic acid that contains oxygen or carbonic acid), or with a base to form a salt.  For example, dinitrogen trioxide is the anhydride of nitrous acid. Similarly, dinitrogen pentoxide is the anhydride of nitric acid:

N2O5 + H2O  →   2 HNO3
New Haven Legal Assistance Association
New Haven Legal Assistance Association, Inc. (LAA) is a nonprofit organization incorporated with funding from the Ford Foundation on April 7, 1964, to "secure justice for and to protect the rights of those residents of New Haven County unable to engage legal counsel." LAA provides free legal services in the fields of child and family law, benefits, employment, health, elder, disabilities, consumer, housing, and civil rights to eligible individuals and families in the greater New Haven area. It maintains partnerships with Yale and Quinnipiac Law Schools.

Elder rights
Elder rights are the rights of older adults (usually those in the seventh decade of life or older, although this definition is disputed), who in various countries are not recognized as a constitutionally protected class, yet face discrimination across many aspects of society due to their age.

Common rights issues faced by elders include age-related job discrimination (such as forced age of retirement), lack of access to medical treatments, because of age or age-related obstacles, societal perceptions of ability/disability due to age, and vulnerability to abuse, including financial, physical, psychological, social, and sexual abuse, because of diminished capacity and lack of access to/ability to use technology.

One of the earliest efforts by the US federal government to protect financial rights of elders was the establishment of Social Security benefits via the Social Security Act in 1935, providing income to retired individuals who qualify.
Alvinza Hayward
Alvinza Hayward (1821 – February 14, 1904) was an American mine-owner, capitalist, businessman, and financier. He was a well-known gold mining millionaire who made his fortune during the California Gold Rush. He lived in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Investor
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of property. Types of investments include equity, debt, securities, real estate, infrastructure, currency, commodity, token, derivatives such as put and call options, futures, forwards, etc. This definition makes no distinction between the investors in the primary and secondary markets.  That is, someone who provides a business with capital and someone who buys a stock are both investors.  An investor who owns stock is a shareholder.
Pokoše
Pokoše (pronounced [pɔˈkoːʃɛ]) is a village northeast of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in the Drava Statistical Region.

Drava Statistical Region
The Drava Statistical Region (Slovene: podravska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. The largest city in the region is Maribor. The region's name comes from the Drava River and includes land on both banks along its course through Slovenia as well as the Pohorje mountains in the northeast of the region. The Drava is used for the production of hydroelectricity and the fertile land around it is used for agriculture. The share of job vacancies in all available jobs is among the highest in Slovenia and the region has a positive net migration rate but a very high natural decrease, which means an overall decrease in the population.
1919 in poetry
Considering that, all hatred driven hence,
The soul recovers radical innocence
And learns at last that it is self-delighting,
Self-appeasing, self-affrighting,
And that its own sweet will is heaven's will;
She can, though every face should scowl
And every windy quarter howl
Or every bellows burst, be happy still.

—From A Prayer for My Daughter by W. B. Yeats, written on the birth of his daughter Anne on February 26

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Marathi poetry
Marathi poetry is a poetry written in the Marathi language, including its various dialects.

The poet-saints Namdev (Devanagari: नामदेव) and Dnyaneshwar (Devanagari: ज्ञानेश्वर), from Maharashtra, India, wrote the earliest significant religious poetry in Marathi. They were born in 1270 and 1275, respectively. Namdev wrote more than 400 verses in the abhang (अभंग) form. Dnyaneshwar composed his poetry in the owi (ओवी) form. His compositions, Dnyaneshwari (ज्ञानेश्वरी) and Amrutanubhawa (अमृतानुभव), consist of 9,037 and about 800 owis, respectively.
Nicole Heaston
Nicole Heaston (born 1971, USA) is an American soprano. She has sung for the Norwegian National Opera, and the Houston Grand Opera.  She has sung the role of the Countess in the Marriage of Figaro in the Boston Lyric Opera and the San Francisco Opera.

Houston Grand Opera
Houston Grand Opera (HGO) is an American opera company located in Houston, Texas. Founded in 1955 by German-born impresario Walter Herbert and three local Houstonians, the company is resident at the Wortham Theater Center.  This theatre is also home to the Houston Ballet. In its history, the company has received a Tony Award, three Grammy Awards, and three Emmy Awards, the only opera company in the world to win these three honours.  Houston Grand Opera is supported by an active auxiliary organization, the Houston Grand Opera Guild, established in October 1955.
Coleman Wong
Coleman Wong Chak-lam (Chinese: 黃澤林; born 6 June 2004) is a Hong Kong professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 125 achieved on 23 February 2026 and a best doubles ranking of No. 468 reached on 9 September 2024. He is the highest-ranked male Hong Kong tennis player in history, having cracked the top 300 and later the top 150 in the rankings.

Wong represents Hong Kong at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 18–7.

James Duckworth (tennis)
James “Quackerjack” Duckworth (born 21 January 1992) is an Australian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 46 achieved on 31 January 2022 and No. 185 in doubles achieved on 10 February 2020. Duckworth represented Australia in tennis at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics and the 2022 ATP Cup.

As a junior, Duckworth enjoyed a successful career which included winning three titles and reaching the semifinals of the 2010 French Open.
Ian Halperin
Ian Halperin (born August 17, 1964) is a Canadian investigative journalist, writer and documentary filmmaker. His 2009 book, Unmasked: The Final Years of Michael Jackson was a #1 best-seller on the New York Times list on July 24, 2009. He is the author or coauthor of nine books including Celine Dion: Behind the Fairytale, Fire and Rain: The James Taylor Story and Hollywood Undercover. He coauthored Who Killed Kurt Cobain? and Love and Death: The Murder of Kurt Cobain with Max Wallace. Halperin has contributed to 60 Minutes II and was a regular correspondent for Court TV.

60 Minutes II
60 Minutes II (also known as 60 Minutes Wednesday and 60 Minutes) is an American prime time news magazine that was broadcast by CBS from January 13, 1999 to September 2, 2005. The series was a weeknight spin-off of CBS's long-running Sunday-evening news magazine 60 Minutes; it followed a similar style and format to its parent show, but with a different production team led by Jeff Fager. It also featured rebroadcasts and follow-ups to classic 60 Minutes stories.

It initially aired on Wednesday nights. In 2004, the program was renamed to simply 60 Minutes (or 60 Minutes Wednesday) to alleviate a perception that the program was of lower quality than the flagship Sunday edition. The show was later moved to a Friday time slot, where it completed its run.
Ohio's 25th House of Representatives district
Ohio's 25th House of Representatives district is currently represented by Democrat Cecil Thomas. It is located entirely within Hamilton County and includes the municipalities of Norwood, St. Bernard, and part of Cincinnati.

Norwood, Ohio
Norwood is a city in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States, and an enclave of Cincinnati. The population was 19,043 at the 2020 census, making it the third-most populous city in Hamilton County. Originally settled as an early suburb of Cincinnati in the wooded countryside north of the city, the area is characterized by older homes and tree-lined streets.
2000 United States presidential election in Kansas
The 2000 United States presidential election in Kansas took place on November 7, 2000, and was part of the 2000 United States presidential election. Voters chose six representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Kansas was won by Governor George W. Bush. He won all of the congressional districts and counties in the state, except for Douglas County and Wyandotte County. Gore won Douglas, home to Lawrence and the University of Kansas, with just 45.8 percent of the vote, thereby making Bush the first ever Republican to win the White House without carrying this county. Independent Ralph Nader also achieved his best performance by far in Douglas, where he got over ten percent of the vote. Bush performed very well in the first district, which is the western and most rural part of the state.

Wyandotte County, Kansas
Wyandotte County (/ˈwaɪ.əndɒt/) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and most populous city is Kansas City, with which it shares a unified government.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 169,245, making it Kansas's fourth-most populous county.  The county was named after the Wyandot tribe.
Pocket Venus
Pocket Venus were a Welsh rock band from Conwy in North Wales. Their style was that of a harder-edged Britpop and they played all over the UK and received national airplay on BBC Radio 1. Pocket Venus split in 2003 during negotiations with major record labels, the band cited musical and personal differences as the reason for the break-up. In late 2010 Pocket Venus reformed.

Embrace (English band)
Embrace are an English rock band formed in Bailiff Bridge, West Yorkshire, in 1990. The band consists of brothers singer Danny McNamara and guitarist Richard McNamara, bassist Steve Firth, keyboardist Mickey Dale, and drummer Mike Heaton. The group have released eight studio albums: The Good Will Out (1998), Drawn from Memory (2000), If You've Never Been (2001), Out of Nothing (2004), This New Day (2006), Embrace (2014), Love Is a Basic Need (2018), and How to Be a Person Like Other People (2022).
Dame Vera Lynn (ship)
Dame Vera Lynn is a ferry built by Remontowa, Poland that operates the Woolwich Ferry service in London, England. It was named after the Vera Lynn whose songs became popular during the World War II. Dame Vera Lynn was born in East Ham and grew up not far from the ferry.

It arrived in London in 2018 to replace the existing ferries that had been in service since the 1960s. It has an automatic docking system to hold the ferry in place during loading, and are equipped with hybrid engines that allow them to run on electricity generated by motors.

Both suffered from numerous technical issues resulting in closures and service reductions.

It was originally operated by Briggs Marine, before London River Services took over operation of the Woolwich Ferry service in December 2020.

East Ham
East Ham is a district of the London Borough of Newham, England, 8 miles (12.8 km) east of Charing Cross. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Essex, East Ham is identified in the London Plan as a Major Centre. The population is 76,186.
Claud Scott
Christianity portal

Claud Syms Scott (31 August 1901 – 14 October 1983) was Archdeacon of Suffolk from 1962.

Scott was educated at Brentwood School and Trinity College, Oxford. He was ordained in 1927 and began his career with a curacy in Bedminster. He was Curate in charge at All Hallows Ipswich from 1930 to 1938; Vicar of Exning with Landwade from 1938 to 1954;Master of the Worshipful Company of Armourers and Brasiers in 1951; Rural Dean of Newmarket from 1946 to 1954;Rector of Stradbroke with Horham and Athelington from 1954 to 1958;Rector of St Mary Stoke from 1958 to 1962; Rural Dean of Ipswich from 1958 to 1961; and Vicar of Hoxne with Denham St John from 1962 to 1970.

Stradbroke
Stradbroke (/ˈstrædbrʊk/ STRAD-brook) is an English village in the Mid Suffolk district of the county of Suffolk. The census of 2011 gave the parish a population of 1,408, with an estimate of 1,513 in 2018.
Windows Down
"Windows Down" is a song by American boy band Big Time Rush from the re-release of their second studio album Elevate. The song was released on June 25, 2012, and was released to US radio on July 24, 2012. The song's hook is sampled from "Song 2" by English rock band Blur.

Elevate (Big Time Rush album)
Elevate is the second studio album by American boy band Big Time Rush. It was released on November 21, 2011, by Columbia Records in association with Nickelodeon. The band worked with accomplished songwriters and producers for the album. These include those that assisted with the material from their debut album, such as Emanuel Kiriakou, Lindy Robbins, Nicholas Furlong, Damon Sharpe, Eric Sanicola and Lucas Secon, along with other notable songwriters and producers, such as J. R. Rotem, Christopher Stewart, The-Dream, Jay Sean, and Ryan Tedder. The production process of the album took place between nine months to a year, most of which was during their touring process.
The Eveready Hour
The Eveready Hour was the first commercially sponsored variety program in the history of broadcasting. It premiered December 4, 1923 (or, according to other sources, November 4, 1923, or February 12, 1924), on WEAF Radio in New York City. As radio's first sponsored network program, it was paid for by the National Carbon Company, which at the time owned Eveready Battery. The host for many years was the banjo-playing vocalist Wendell Hall, "The Red Headed Music Maker", who wrote the popular "It Ain't Gonna Rain No Mo'" (Victor Records). Hall was married on The Eveready Hour in 1924.

National Carbon Company
The National Carbon Company was a dominant American manufacturer of batteries and lighting products in the early 20th century. It was the first company to successfully manufacture and distribute sealed dry cell batteries on a large scale.

It was founded in 1886 in Cleveland, Ohio, by Washington H. Lawrence, a former Brush Electric Company executive; banker and Cleveland politician Myron T. Herrick; James Parmelee; and Webb Hayes, son of U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes. In 1889, it absorbed 10 other companies, subsuming "the entire active carbon industry of the United States and three-quarters of the carbon industry of the world." In 1906, it invested in what became the Eveready Battery Company, which it purchased in 1914.

Three years later, National Carbon was acquired by Union Carbide.
Duke of Terranova
Duke of Terranova (Spanish: Duque de Terranova) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1502 by Ferdinand II to "El Gran Capitán" (Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba), a general who negotiated the Surrender of Granada and led the Spanish to victory in the Italian Wars. It is a victory title, making reference to the town of Terranova Sappo Minulio in the province of Reggio Calabria, Italy.

After the death of the 1st Duke, Ferdinand II prohibited the inheritance and use of the Dukedoms of Terranova, Andría and Montalto and thus the title was unofficially held by some of his Italian descendants for more than 300 years. However, on 22 July 1893, Alfonso XIII formally rehabilitated the title on behalf of Alfonso Osorio de Moscoso, a more legitimate descendant who legally became the 2nd Duke of Terranova.

Province of Reggio Calabria
The province of Reggio Calabria (Italian: provincia di Reggio Calabria) was a province in the Calabria region of Italy. It was the southernmost province in mainland Italy and is separated from the island of Sicily by the Strait of Messina. The capital was the city of Reggio.

It was effectively replaced by the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria in 2017.
Elmor T. Kennedy
Elmor Tilley Kennedy (19 December 1885 – 15 July 1953) was a physician, surgeon and political figure in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada. He represented King's County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1939 to 1953 as a Conservative and then Progressive Conservative member.

He was born in Youngs Cove, New Brunswick the son of William E. Kennedy and Mary A. Gale. Kennedy was educated at the University of New Brunswick and the Chicago Medical School. He served in the Canadian Expeditionary Force in World War I as a medical officer. In 1922, Kennedy married Marjorie Roach. He was mayor of Sussex. Kennedy was named speaker for the provincial assembly in 1953 but died in office later that year.

Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick
The Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick is a centre-right conservative political party in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. The party has its origins in the pre-Canadian Confederation Conservative Party that opposed the granting of responsible government to the colony. It has historically followed the Red Tory tradition. From the 2010s, the party underwent a shift to Blue Toryism after the election of Blaine Higgs as leader, who was premier from 2018 to 2024.
Mike Pawley
Mike Pawley OAM (born 10 March 1944), also known as Mick Pawley,  is an Australian former professional cricketer, philanthropist and business owner. He played 11 first-class cricket matches for New South Wales between 1969/70 and 1973/74.

Pawley owns a chain of local sports stores, Mike Pawley Sports, with five stores across Sydney’s Northern Beaches. He founded and runs the Happy Days Cambodian Village School Charity. Mike Pawley Oval in North Curl Curl is named after him.

Pawley studied a for Bachelor of Science degree and Diploma of Education at Sydney University. He was awarded the Order of Australia Medal in 2011 and is a life member of Cricket NSW.

Cricket NSW
Cricket NSW (officially known as the New South Wales Cricket Association) is an Australian sporting association that administers cricket in New South Wales. It is based at the Sydney Olympic Park. The New South Wales Blues, the New South Wales Breakers, the Sydney Thunder and the Sydney Sixers are a part of the association.
Taisun Khan
Taisun Khan (Mongolian script:ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠩ Mongolian: Тайсун Хаан; Chinese: 岱總汗), born Toghtoa Bukha (Chinese: 脫脫不花), (1416–1452) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1433 to 1452. Under his nominal rule, the Oirats successfully reunited the Mongol tribes and threatened the Ming dynasty to their south for the first time since the Battle of Kherlen in 1409.

Mongolian script
The traditional Mongolian script, also known as the Hudum Mongol bichig, was the first writing system created specifically for the Mongolian language, and was the most widespread until the introduction of Cyrillic in 1946. The script has been a co-official script since 2025, alongside the Cyrillic script for the language. It is traditionally written in vertical lines from top to bottom, flowing in lines from left to right . Derived from the Old Uyghur alphabet, it is a true alphabet, with separate letters for consonants and vowels. It has been adapted for such languages as Oirat and Manchu. Alphabets based on this classical vertical script continue to be used in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia to write Mongolian, Xibe and, experimentally, Evenki.

Computer operating systems have been slow to adopt support for the Mongolian script; almost all have incomplete support or other text rendering difficulties.
Tyler Harvey (basketball)
Tyler Jordon Harvey (born July 17, 1993) is an American professional basketball player for the Illawarra Hawks of the National Basketball League (NBL). He played college basketball for the Eastern Washington Eagles, where he led Division I in scoring as a junior. He primarily plays the point guard and shooting guard positions. Harvey graduated from Bishop Montgomery High School of Torrance, California, in 2011.

Torrance, California
Torrance is a city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, United States, neighboring Redondo Beach, Rolling Hills Estates, Palos Verdes Estates, and Lomita. The city is part of what is known as the South Bay region. Torrance has a moderate year-round climate with average rainfall of 12 inches (300 mm) per year. Torrance has one and a half miles (2.4 km) of beachfront abutting Santa Monica Bay and 30 parks. It is the birthplace of the American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO). The population was 147,067 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 139,576 in 2024.
V. Ammapatti
V. Ammapatti  is a panchayat village in Madurai district in Tamil Nadu, South India. V stands for vairavi the community people who lived 1000 years ago. It is located between the cities of Thirumangalam and Rajapalayam (Exactly 40 km from Madurai and 20 km from Thirumangalam and 30 km from Rajapalayam. Its nearest town is T.Kallupatti.
This village is located on the NH 208 which is connects Madurai  to Kollam via Courtalam

National Highway 744 (India)
National Highway 744 or NH 744 (earlier NH 208) is a National Highway in Southern India that links Kollam in Kerala with Madurai in Tamil Nadu. Starting from NH 66 at Chinnakkada in Kollam, it joins Tirumangalam in Madurai at National Highway 44 (India).