hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Notícias Populares
Notícias Populares (Popular News in Portuguese), also referred simply as NP, was a Brazilian sensationalist tabloid newspaper published by Empresa Folha da Manhã from 1963 to 2001. Notícias Populares was known by publishing stories about crime, sex and violence in a graphic manner. It was also notorious for publishing hoaxes such as of the Bebê Diabo (Baby Devil).

Hoax
A hoax (pl.: hoaxes) is a widely publicised falsehood created to deceive its audience with false and often astonishing information, with the either malicious or humorous intent of causing shock and interest in as many people as possible.

Some hoaxers intend to eventually unmask their representations as having been a hoax so as to expose their victims as fools; seeking some form of profit, other hoaxers hope to maintain the hoax indefinitely, so that it is only when skeptical people willing to investigate their claims publish their findings, that the hoaxers are finally revealed as such.
Law of total covariance
In probability theory, the law of total covariance, covariance decomposition formula, or conditional covariance formula states that if X, Y, and Z are random variables on the same probability space, and the covariance of X and Y is finite, then

The nomenclature in this article's title parallels the phrase law of total variance.  Some writers on probability call this the "conditional covariance formula" or use other names.

Note: The conditional expected values E( X | Z ) and E( Y | Z ) are random variables whose values depend on the value of Z.  Note that the conditional expected value of X given the event Z = z is a function of z.  If we write E( X | Z = z) = g(z) then the random variable E( X | Z ) is g(Z). Similar comments apply to the conditional covariance.

Conditional expectation
In probability theory, the conditional expectation, conditional expected value, or conditional mean of a random variable is its expected value evaluated with respect to the conditional probability distribution. If the random variable can take on only a finite number of values, the "conditions" are that the variable can only take on a subset of those values. More formally, in the case when the random variable is defined over a discrete probability space, the "conditions" are a partition of this probability space.

Depending on the context, the conditional expectation can be either a random variable or a function. The random variable is denoted  analogously to conditional probability. The function form is either denoted  or a separate function symbol such as  is introduced with the meaning .
Shad Darsigny
Shad Darsigny (born 20 April 2003) is a Canadian weightlifter. He competed in the weightlifting competition at the 2022 Commonwealth Games, winning a bronze medal in the men's 73 kg event.

Darsigny had previously competed at the 2021 and 2022 Junior World Weightlifting Championships, winning a bronze medal in the men's 73 kilogram class. His father Yvan Darsigny, a former Olympic weightlifter, was the team coach. His sister Tali Darsigny is also a medal-winning international weightlifter.

Weightlifting at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
Weightlifting was one of the sports contested at the 2022 Commonwealth Games,  held in Birmingham, England. This was the nineteenth staging of weightlifting at the Commonwealth Games since its inclusion in 1950, and the second staging within England specifically.

The competition took place between 30 July and 3 August 2022, spread across sixteen weight classes (eight per gender).
PSPLab
The Perceptual Signal Processing Lab, or PSPLab, is an audio research lab of National Chiao Tung University. It is located in Hsinchu, Taiwan, and focuses on researching better perceptual signal processing techniques, particularly in regard to DSP, Perception, and Software.

Current areas of research in PSPLab include:

Multi Channel Audio Compression
MP3 codec, MPEG-2/4 AAC codec
Psychoacoustic model, Bit Allocation, Filterbank
Low-delay AAC codec
Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality (PEAQ)
MPEG Surround

Multi Channel Audio Effect Processing
Room Reverberation
Room Acoustics

Real-time DSP Programming/Optimization
Variant Platform Optimization
Fixed-Point DSP Programming

Psychoacoustics
Psychoacoustics is the branch of psychophysics involving the scientific study of the perception of sound by the human auditory system. It is the branch of science studying the psychological responses associated with sound, including noise, speech, and music. Psychoacoustics is an interdisciplinary field including psychology, acoustics, electronic engineering, physics, biology, physiology, and computer science.
Comparison of the Community of Christ and the LDS Church
Community of Christ—formerly the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS Church)—and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) are two denominations that share a common heritage in the Church of Christ founded by Joseph Smith on April 6, 1830. Since Smith's death in 1844, they have evolved separately in belief and practices. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, and claims more than 17 million members worldwide; Community of Christ is headquartered in Independence, Missouri, and reports a worldwide membership of approximately 250,000.

Independence Temple
The Temple in Independence, Missouri, is a house of worship and education "dedicated to the pursuit of peace". It dominates the skyline of Independence and has become the focal point of the headquarters of the Community of Christ (formerly the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints). The temple was built by the Community of Christ in response to a revelation presented at their 1984 World Conference by church prophet-president Wallace B. Smith. The revelation was the culmination of instructions shared over the course of more than 150 years by prior prophet-presidents recognized by the Community of Christ. Groundbreaking for the temple took place on April 6, 1990, and the completed structure was dedicated on April 17, 1994.
Peter Tsiamalili
Peter Sobby Tsiamalili (1952 or 1953 – 15 April 2007) was a Papua New Guinean civil servant who served as the first chief administrator of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville (ABG) following successful elections in June 2005. Tsiamalili also served as a diplomat and ambassador representing Papua New Guinea abroad in Fiji and Belgium.

Buka, Papua New Guinea
5°25′19″S 154°40′22″E﻿ / ﻿5.42194°S 154.67278°E﻿ / -5.42194; 154.67278

Buka is a town located on the southern coast of Buka Island, in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, in eastern Papua New Guinea. It is administered under Buka Rural LLG. It is the capital of North Bougainville District and the interim capital of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville. It contains Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral.
Reuben Olembo
Professor Reuben James Olembo (1937–2005) was a prominent Kenyan academic, scientist and environmentalist. He was a deputy executive director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), which he played a pivotal role in helping found,  and United Nations Assistant Secretary General from 1994 to 1998. He became the Acting Secretary General of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), after his retirement from UNEP.

CITES
CITES (shorter acronym for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals from the threats of international trade. It was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The convention was opened for signature in 1973 and CITES entered into force on 1 July 1975.

Its aim is to ensure that international trade (import/export) in specimens of animals and plants included under CITES does not threaten the survival of the species in the wild. This is achieved via a system of permits and certificates. CITES affords varying degrees of protection to more than 40,900 species.

As of December 2024, the Secretary-General of CITES is Ivonne Higuero.
Wonyong Sung
Wonyong Sung (born 1955) is a South Korean professor of electronic and information engineering at Seoul National University (SNU). Sung received his B.S. in engineering from SNU in 1978 and his M.S. in the same field from KAIST in 1980. After working for GoldStar for three years, he went on to the University of California, Santa Barbara for his Ph.D., which he completed in 1987. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for "contributions to real-time signal processing systems".

Seoul National University
Seoul National University (SNU; Korean: 서울대학교; lit. 'Seoul University') is a public research university in Seoul, South Korea. Founded in 1946 by the merger of ten institutions in the Seoul area, it is one of the SKY universities and a part of the Flagship Korean National Universities.

The university's main campus is located in Gwanak, and two additional campuses are located in Daehangno and Pyeongchang. The university comprises sixteen colleges, one graduate school and nine professional schools. The student body consists of nearly 16,000 undergraduate and 16,000 graduate students.
La Roche (horse)
La Roche (1897 – 1920) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. As a two-year-old in 1899 she showed some promise, winning once from six attempts, but appeared to be some way below top class. In the following season, when tried over longer distance, she emerged as one of the best horses of her generation in England, winning the Oaks Stakes, Manchester Cup, Yorkshire Oaks and Newmarket Oaks as well as finishing fourth in the 1000 Guineas and third in the Doncaster Cup. She was retired at the end of the season to become a broodmare and had considerable success as a dam of winners.

Yorkshire Oaks
The Yorkshire Oaks is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at York over a distance of 1 mile 3 furlongs and 188 yards (2,385 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in August.
Revolt of Alaric I
The revolt of Alaric I was a military conflict between the Roman Empire and a rebel army, probably composed mainly of Goths. This war consisted a number of armed conflicts in the period between 395 and 398, interspersed with periods of negotiations and sometimes even cooperation. During this war, the western and eastern parts of the Roman Empire did not always join together because of conflicting interests. The protagonists in this conflict were the West-Roman commander-in-chief Stilicho, the Eastern-Roman prefect Rufinus, his successor Eutropius and Alaric I. The latter was an elected Gothic military leader and monarch, and later considered one of first Visigothic kings.

Michael Kulikowski
Michael Kulikowski (born September 3, 1970) is an American historian. He is a professor of history and classics and the head of the history department at Pennsylvania State University. Kulikowski specializes in the history of the western Mediterranean world of late antiquity. He is sometimes associated with the Toronto School of History and was a student of Walter Goffart.
John Voelcker
John Harold Westgarth Voelcker (20 July 1927 – 14 September 1972) was an English architect. A member of the Team 10 group of architects, he ran a small rural practice before his appointment first Professor of Architecture at the University of Glasgow.

John McHale (artist)
John McHale FRSA (August 19, 1922 – November 2, 1978) was a Scottish artist, art theorist, sociologist and future studies searcher. He was a member of the Independent Group, a British movement (Institute of Contemporary Arts, London) that originated pop art which grew out of an interest in American mass culture and post–World War II technologies.

He was born in Maryhill, Glasgow, Scotland. He was educated in the United Kingdom and the United States, with a PhD in sociology. After spending a year at Yale University in 1955–1956, he moved  definitively to the US in 1962 to work with the architect Buckminster Fuller on ecological issues and environmental sustainability. He and his wife, the artist Magda Cordell, then founded their own future studies organization, the Center for Integrative Studies (CIS), to deal with the long-term consequences of scientific and technological developments on mankind future and the environment.
Boxted Bombard
The Boxted Bombard is a 15th-century cannon from England. The bombard is medium in size for its type, its military use is unknown due to a lack of historical records. For a long time unlocated, the piece was rediscovered for the public at the village of Boxted in the 1970s and is now on display at the artillery collection at Fort Nelson.

Royal Armouries
The Royal Armouries is the United Kingdom's national collection of arms and armour. Once an important part of England's military organization, it became the United Kingdom's oldest museum, and one of the oldest museums in the world. It is also one of the largest collections of arms and armour in the world, comprising the UK's National Collection of Arms and Armour, National Artillery Collection, and National Firearms Collection.  Originally housed in the Tower of London from the 15th century, today the collection is split across three sites: the Tower, the  Royal Armouries Museum in Leeds, and Fort Nelson near Portsmouth.

From 2004 to 2015, a limited selection of items was also on display in Louisville, Kentucky, in the United States, in cooperation with the Frazier History Museum.
2021 Australian Open – Men's doubles
Ivan Dodig and Filip Polášek defeated the defending champions Rajeev Ram and Joe Salisbury in the final, 6–3, 6–4 to win the men's doubles tennis title at the 2021 Australian Open. With the win, Dodig and Polášek claimed their first Grand Slam title as a team. The victory earned Polášek his first major title, and made him the second Slovak to win one after Daniela Hantuchová.

Mate Pavić was in contention to reclaim the ATP No. 1 doubles ranking, but he failed to do so after he and Nikola Mektić lost in the semifinals to Dodig and Polášek.

Jordan Thompson (tennis)
Jordan Thompson (born 20 April 1994) is an Australian professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ranking of world No. 26 in singles and of No. 3 in doubles. Thompson won the Grand Slam title at the 2024 US Open with Max Purcell. He has won one singles and eight doubles ATP titles. He is currently the No. 4 Australian doubles player.
José María Obregón
Jose Maria Obregón (1832 in Mexico City – 1902 in Mexico City) was a Mexican painter of the Romanticism movement, best remembered for pioneering Mexican muralism and the representation of Indigenous peoples of Mexico in art. He attended the Academy of San Carlos, and his works are preserved in the collections of the Museo Nacional de Arte and the National Palace of Mexico.

National Palace (Mexico)
The National Palace (Spanish: Palacio Nacional) is the seat of the federal executive in Mexico. Since 2018 it has also served as the official residence for the President of Mexico. It is located on Mexico City's main square, the Plaza de la Constitución (El Zócalo). This site has been a palace for the ruling class of Mexico since the Aztec Empire, and much of the current palace's building materials are from the original one that belonged to the 16th-century leader Moctezuma II.
Red Lodge Airport
Red Lodge Airport (ICAO: KRED, FAA LID: RED) is a public use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) northwest of the central business district of Red Lodge, a city in Carbon County, Montana, United States. It is owned by the City of Red Lodge and Carbon County. According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, it is categorized as a general aviation airport.

Although many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned RED by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA (which assigned RED to Mifflin County Airport in Reedsville, Pennsylvania).

Carbon County, Montana
Carbon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,473. Its county seat is Red Lodge.

Carbon County is part of the Billings, MT Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Nahanni National Park Reserve
The Nahanni National Park Reserve, sometimes known as "Headless Valley" or "Valley of The Headless Men" (after a series of unsolved historical deaths in the park), in the Dehcho Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada (approximately 500 km (310 mi) west of Yellowknife), protects a portion of the Mackenzie Mountains Natural Region. The centrepiece of the park is the South Nahanni River (Naha Dehé). Four noteworthy canyons, called First, Second, Third and Fourth Canyon, line the whitewater river. Each canyon has walls reaching some 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in height. The word nahanni comes from the local Dene name for the area, Nahʔa Dehé, which means "river of the land of the Nahʔa people".: 87  The park is inscribed as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.

Whitewater
Whitewater forms in the context of rapids, in particular, when a river's gradient changes enough to generate so much turbulence that air is trapped within the water. This forms an unstable current that froths, making the water appear opaque and white.

The term "whitewater" also has a broader meaning, applying to any river or creek that has a significant number of rapids. The term is also used as an adjective describing boating on such rivers, such as  whitewater canoeing or whitewater kayaking.
Overtoomse Veld
52°21′48.01″N 4°50′18.1″E﻿ / ﻿52.3633361°N 4.838361°E﻿ / 52.3633361; 4.838361
Overtoomse Veld is a neighborhood of Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is named for the Overtoomse Sluis, which was an old portage point dating from the 14th century on a major cargo route to and from Amsterdam at the junction of two waterschap areas, Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland and  Hoogheemraadschap van Amstelland.

In neighborhood Overtoomse Veld-Noord the following streets are named after Dutch painters from the 19th and 20th century:

In neighborhood Overtoomse Veld-Midden the following streets are named after philosophers:

Rudolf Carnap

Gottlob Frege

Gerrit Mannoury

Ludwig Wittgenstein

Wilhelmina of the Netherlands

For the Delflandpleinbuurt area in Overtoomse Veld-Zuid, the names come from places in Delfland:

Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland
The Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland is the oldest water authority in the Netherlands, having received commission to coordinate protection of the land from flooding in 1248 from Count William II of Holland and Zeeland. The council conducts surface water management activities in the area known as Rijnland in the province of South Holland. The Netherlands has 21 Waterboards or Waterschappen acting independently from administrative governing bodies to manage Dutch water control activities along with the fine-mazed polder systems.
Ana Mendoza (swimmer)
Ana Mendoza Velasco (born October 4, 1970) is a retired female breaststroke swimmer from Mexico. She represented her native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. There, she ended up in 17th place (4:26.73) in the Women's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay event, alongside Heike Koerner (backstroke), Gabriela Gaja (butterfly), and Laura Sánchez (freestyle).

Breaststroke
Breaststroke is a swimming style in which the swimmer is on their chest and the torso does not rotate. It is the most popular recreational style due to the swimmer's head being out of the water a large portion of the time, and that it can be swum comfortably at slow speeds. In most swimming classes, beginners learn either the breaststroke or the freestyle (front crawl) first. However, at the competitive level, swimming breaststroke at speed requires endurance and strength comparable to other strokes. Some people refer to breaststroke as the "frog" stroke because the arms and legs move somewhat like a frog swimming in the water. The stroke itself is the slowest of any competitive strokes and is thought to be the oldest of all swimming strokes.
Clotilde Delbos
Clotilde Delbos (born 1967) is a French businesswoman who has been the deputy chief executive officer (CEO) and chief financial officer (CFO) of Renault since 1 January 2021. She was the CEO of Mobilize brand till 2023.

She is notable for taking control of Renault after the unusual circumstances in which two of her predecessors were forced out of the French automobile company. Her immediate predecessor Thierry Bolloré was ousted in a coup and his predecessor Carlos Ghosn was detained in Japan.

Her rise to the top echelons of Renault after the ouster of her predecessor Thierry Bolloré, was described as nothing short of a business coup by the BBC, and a major turning point in the relationship between the two corporate automobile giants Renault and Nissan.

Pechiney
Pechiney SA, formerly Compagnie des Produits Chimiques Henri Merle and then Société des Produits Chimiques d'Alais et de la Camargue, was a major aluminium conglomerate based in France.  The company was acquired in 2003 by the Alcan Corporation, headquartered in Canada. In 2007, Alcan itself was taken over by mining giant Rio Tinto Alcan.

Prior to its acquisition, Pechiney grew to be the world's 4th largest producer and developer of aluminium products, employing 34,000 people and operating 320 manufacturing and sales facilities in 50 countries at the time it was purchased by Alcan.  The group operated in all facets of the aluminium industry from bauxite mining to the development of sophisticated applications of metal products  in addition to international commodities trading and brokerage of the metal on the London Metal Exchange (LME).
Anemotis
Anemotis (Ancient Greek: Ἀνεμῶτις) was in Greek mythology an epithet of the goddess Athena, in which she was described as the subduer of the winds, that is, the Anemoi. Under this name she was worshipped and had a temple at Mothone in Messenia. It was believed to have been built by Diomedes, because in consequence of his prayers the goddess had subdued the storms which did damage to the country.

Anemoi
In ancient Greek religion and myth, the Anemoi (Ancient Greek: Ἄνεμοι, lit. 'Winds') were wind gods who were each ascribed a cardinal direction from which their respective winds came (see Classical compass winds), and were each associated with various nature, seasons and weather conditions. They were the progeny of the goddess of the dawn Eos and her husband, the god of the dusk, Astraeus.
Heino Pulli
Heino Vihtori Pulli (March 22, 1938 – April 11, 2015) was a Finnish ice hockey player who played in the SM-sarja. Born in Sortavala, Finland, he played for TK-V who later became KOOVEE. He was inducted into the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame in 1994.

Sortavala
Sortavala (Russian: Сортавала; Finnish and Karelian: Sortavala; Swedish: Sordavala), in Russian sometimes known as Serdobol (Сердоболь), is a town in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located at the northern tip of Lake Ladoga near the Finnish border, 246 kilometres (153 mi) west of Petrozavodsk, the capital city of the Republic of Karelia. The closest city on the Finnish side of the border is Joensuu, which is located 136 kilometres (85 mi) from Sortavala. In 2021, the population of Sortavala was 19,215.
Botanic park
Botanic park can refer specifically to :

Botanic Park, Adelaide,  a park in Adelaide, South Australia

Wavertree Botanic Park and Gardens, a park in Liverpool

Botanic park can also refer generically to any Botanical garden

Wavertree Botanic Garden and Park
Wavertree Botanic Garden and Park is a mid-19th century public park in Liverpool, England. Originally constructed as a private botanic garden, it was taken over by Liverpool Corporation in 1846 and expanded into a public park.

The park is Grade II* listed in the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.