hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polar Earth Observing Network (POLENET)
The Polar Earth Observing Network (POLENET) is a global network involving researchers from 24 nations for the geophysical observation of the polar regions of our planet.

POLENET focuses mainly on data collection of GPS (Global Position System) and seismic sensors, by means of autonomous systems. Its research includes geophysical observations such as changes in magnetic fields as well as tide gauge and gravity measurements. It also makes use of deep-sea multi-sensor observatories as well as space and airborne remote sensing. Data is collected from equipment spanning much of the Antarctic and the Greenland ice sheets, as well as the Arctic regions of Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Russia.

POLENET is able to assemble research from a consortium of Antarctic Network (ANET), Greenland Network (G-NET), Gamburtsev Antarctic Mountains Seismic Experiment (GAMSEIS), Lapland Network (LAP-NET), and Long-Term Network.

International Polar Year
The International Polar Years (IPY) are collaborative, international efforts with intensive research focus on the polar regions. Karl Weyprecht, an Austro-Hungarian naval officer, motivated the endeavor in 1875, but died before it first occurred in 1882–1883. Fifty years later (1932–1933) a second IPY took place. The International Geophysical Year was inspired by the IPY and was organized 75 years after the first IPY (1957–58). The fourth, and most recent, IPY covered two full annual cycles from March 2007 to March 2009.
Elmira, Oregon
Elmira is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lane County, Oregon, United States. It is located west of Eugene and north of Veneta and Oregon Route 126, near the Long Tom River and Fern Ridge Reservoir. As of the 2020 census, Elmira had a population of 546.

Oregon Route 126
Oregon OR 126 (OR 126) is a 204.63-mile-long (329.32 km) state highway that connects coastal, western, and central parts of the U.S. state of Oregon. A short freeway section of OR 126 in Eugene and Springfield is concurrent with Interstate 105 (I-105).
Elizabeta Samara
Elizabeta Samara (born 15 April 1989 in Constanța) is a professional Romanian table tennis player. She won European titles in singles, doubles and team events at the European Championships and has represented Romania four times at the Summer Olympics.

Samara had represented different teams in club competitions, including Turkish club Fenerbahçe SK and Romanian CSA Steaua București. On 26 July 2022, she agreed on terms with Greek club Panathinaikos.

CSA Steaua București
Clubul Sportiv al Armatei Steaua București, commonly known as CSA Steaua București (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈste̯awa bukuˈreʃtʲ]) or simply Steaua, is a major multi-sports club based in Bucharest and run by the Ministry of National Defence. It is one of the most successful clubs in Romania and among the most successful multi-sport clubs in Europe. Founded on 7 June 1947 as Asociația Sportivă a Armatei București (lit. 'Army Sports Association Bucharest'), the club changed its name several times before settling on to Steaua (English: The Star) in 1961.

The club is most known for its football team, also called CSA Steaua București. Other sections belonging to the club are rugby, ice hockey (autonomous – Hochei Club Steaua Suki București), handball, water polo, basketball, volleyball, athletics, swimming, gymnastics, boxing, rowing, canoeing, shooting, weightlifting, fencing, tennis, cycling, and judo.
Albert Toro
Albert Toro (died 11 December 2019) was a Papua New Guinean actor, director, and politician.

Toro appeared in Tukana: Husat i Asua? (1984) as the lead character, screenwriter, and director. He was also a co-creator of Warriors in Transit (1992). Toro was elected to the Bougainville House of Representatives in a 2018 by-election, succeeding Raopos Apou Tepaia, who died in 2016. Toro died on 11 December 2019.

Bougainville House of Representatives
The Bougainville House of Representatives is the legislature of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, an autonomous entity within Papua New Guinea. It was established in 2005 under Part 5 of the region's constitution, which specifies that the House of Representatives shall comprise 39 elected members in addition to the President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, and the Speaker of the House, chosen outside of it.
Devarayanadurga
Devarayanadurga is a temple town and hill station located in the district of Tumakuru in the state of Karnataka in India. The rocky hills are surrounded by forest and the hilltops are dotted with several temples including the Yoganarasimha and the Bhoganarasimha temples.It has an altitude of 1204 metres.

Devarayanadurga translates to "Devaraya's fort" in Kannada; the town got its current name after the Mysore ruler Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar captured it in one of his victories. The place is thought by many to be haunted.

Chikka Devaraja
Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar II (22 September 1645 – 16 November 1704) was the fourteenth maharaja of the Kingdom of Mysore from 1673 to 1704. During this time, Mysore saw further significant expansion after his predecessors. During his rule, centralised military power increased to an unprecedented degree for the region. He also fought battles against maratha king Sambhaji maharaj. Aurangzeb made him ally to counter Marathas. Earlier in battle Chikka devraja was winning because of venom arrows but later Sambhaji Raje develop leather suit for his soldiers which leads to victory of Marathas. After losing the war Chikka devraja paid huge amount to Marathas.
Enrique Herreros
Enrique García-Herreros Codesido (29 December 1903 - 18 September 1977) was a Spanish humorist, drafter, poster artist, filmmaker and mountaineer.

Luis García Berlanga defined him as the one who invented the promotion and advertising. He found out Nati Mistral and he was the personal manager of Sara Montiel until 12 December 1963.

He died from an accident while climbing Cornión, Picos de Europa, on 18 September 1977.

He was married to the Olympic sportswoman Ernestina Maenza Fernández-Calvo, with whom he had a child.

Humorist
A humorist is an intellectual who uses humor, or wit, in writing or public speaking. A raconteur is one who tells anecdotes in a skillful and amusing way.

Henri Bergson writes that a humorist's work grows from viewing the morals of society.

The term comedian is generally applied to one who is performing to an audience for laughter.
Old Presbyterian Church (Parker, Arizona)
The Old Presbyterian Church near Parker, Arizona, also known as Mojave Indian Presbyterian Mission Church, was built in 1917.  It is located in what is now La Paz County, Arizona.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.

It is a "simple and unpretentious" adobe building, 43 feet (13 m) long by 24 feet (7.3 m) wide.  It is not listed for its architecture, but rather for its association with the Mohave people and the Presbyterian Church's influence with them, which started in 1907. It is owned by the Colorado River Indian Tribes.

Parker, Arizona
Parker (Mojave 'Amat Kuhwely, formerly 'Ahwe Nyava) is a city in and the county seat of La Paz County, Arizona, United States, on the Colorado River in Parker Valley.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 3,417.
Miasteczko Krajeńskie
Miasteczko Krajeńskie [mjasˈtɛt͡ʂkɔ kraˈjɛɲskʲɛ] is a town in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Miasteczko Krajeńskie.

The town has a population of 1,163.

Miasteczko is a former private town, once located in the Kalisz Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. The adjective Krajeńskie was added to the name after the historical-ethnocultural region of Krajna, within which it is located.

Polish folk hero Michał Drzymała is buried at the local cemetery.

Krajna
Krajna is a forested historical region in the north of Greater Poland in Poland, situated in the border area between the Greater Poland, Kuyavian-Pomeranian and Pomeranian Voivodeships. The region consists of parts of Złotów, Piła, Sępólno, Nakło, Bydgoszcz and Człuchów counties, namely the urban gmina of Złotów, the rural gmina of Złotów and the urban-rural gminas of Krajenka, Wysoka, Wyrzysk, Łobżenica, Kamień Krajeński, Sępólno Krajeńskie, Więcbork, Nakło nad Notecią, Koronowo and Debzno.  The name of Krajna is derived from the Slavic word for borderland (between Greater Poland and Pomerania), cf. Krajina.

The main towns in the region are Złotów and Nakło nad Notecią. Since 1932, Krajna has own regional anthem, composed by Paweł "Krajnomir" Jasiek

Part of the region forms a protected area called Krajna Landscape Park.
Sennelier
Sennelier is a French manufacturing company of art materials, mostly famous for its hand selected pigments. The company produces a wide range of paint products, including acrylic, oil, watercolor, gouache, oil and soft pastel, india ink, tempera, and other media.

India ink
India ink (British English: Indian ink) or China ink (also Chinese ink) is a simple black or coloured ink once widely used for writing and printing and now more commonly used for drawing and outlining, especially when inking comic books and comic strips. India ink is also used in medical applications.

Compared to other inks, such as the iron gall ink previously common in Europe, India ink is noted for its deep, rich black colour. It is commonly applied with a paintbrush (such as an ink brush) or a dip pen. In East Asian traditions such as ink wash painting and Chinese calligraphy, India ink is commonly used in a solid form called an inkstick.
Joy Baking Group
Joy Baking Group is a U.S. company that produces more than 40% of the ice cream cones sold in U.S. stores and more than 60% of the ice cream cones sold in U.S. ice cream shops, including the cones used by Mister Softee, Dairy Queen, and McDonald's.  It is the largest ice cream cone maker in the world.  They bake about 1.5 billion ice cream cones each year.  Due to consolidation in the industry since the 1990s, Joy's only large competitor is Keebler Company, which holds about 15% of the market share in retail stores, plus a few small and specialty makers, such as The Konery.

Joy Baking was founded in 1918 by two immigrants from Lebanon.  The original company name was George and Thomas Cone Company.  Founder Albert George's grandson, David George, is the current CEO.  Joy Baking employs about 1,000 people.  The company is owned by the George family and its employees.

Keebler Company
The Keebler Company is an American cookie and former cracker manufacturer. Founded in 1853, it has produced numerous baked snacks, advertised with the Keebler Elves. Keebler had marketed its brands such as Cheez-It (which bear the Sunshine Biscuits brand), Chips Deluxe, Club Crackers, E.L. Fudge Cookies, Famous Amos, Fudge Shoppe Cookies, Murray cookies, Austin, Plantation, Vienna Fingers, Town House Crackers, Wheatables, Sandie's Shortbread, Pizzarias Pizza Chips, Chachos and Zesta Crackers, among others. Keebler slogans have included "Uncommonly Good" and "a little elfin magic goes a long way". Tom Shutter and Leo Burnett wrote the familiar jingle.

The cookie and cracker lines were separated when Kellogg's sold the cookie line and the rights of the Keebler name to Ferrero SpA in 2019. The cracker lines are now marketed under the Kellogg's or Sunshine names.
Les Essarts
Les Essarts is the name of several places in France:

It is the name of several communes:

Les Essarts, in the Eure département

Les Essarts, in the Loir-et-Cher département

Les Essarts, in the Vendée département

It is also part of the name of several communes:

Les Essarts-le-Roi, in the Yvelines département

Les Essarts-lès-Sézanne, in the Marne département

Les Essarts-le-Vicomte, in the Marne département

Several communes have a similar name: see Les Essards (disambiguation)

Les Essarts is also the name of the Forbes family estate in Saint-Briac-sur-Mer.

Essarts designates in French a spot in a forest supposed to be deforested (see assarting).

Assarting
Assarting is the act of clearing forested lands for use in agriculture or other purposes. In English land law, it was illegal to assart any part of a royal forest without permission. This was the greatest trespass that could be committed in a forest, being more than a waste: while waste of the forest involves felling trees and shrubs, which can regrow, assarting involves completely uprooting all trees—the total extirpation of the forested area.

The term assart was also used for a parcel of land assarted. Assart rents were those paid to the British Crown for the forest lands assarted. The etymology is from the French word essarter meaning to remove or grub out woodland. In northern England this is referred to as ridding.
Fiat AS.1
The Fiat AS.1 was a light touring monoplane aircraft designed and produced by the Italian aircraft manufacturer Fiat.

The AS.1 was a relatively basic and conventional design, possessing a parasol wing, a tailskid undercarriage and seating for two, the pilot and one passenger/trainee, in tandem open cockpits. Construction was of wood throughout, covered by plywood, fabric, and (around the nose) metal. A later development, designated TR.1 featured a metal structure and a shorter span wing.

The type proved to be extremely popular, and the production run would eventually extend to over 500 machines, with roughly half of these purchased by the Regia Aeronautica as trainers and liaison aircraft.

Cockpit
A cockpit, also called flight deck, is the area, on the front part of an aircraft, spacecraft, or submersible, from which a pilot controls the vehicle.

The cockpit of an aircraft contains flight instruments on an instrument panel, and the controls that enable the pilot to fly the aircraft. In most airliners, a door separates the cockpit/Flight Deck from the aircraft cabin. After the September 11, 2001 attacks, all major airlines fortified their cockpits against access by hijackers.
Barbro Holmberg
Barbro Holmberg (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈbǎrːbroː ˈhɔ̂lmbærj]; born 7 April 1952) is a Swedish Social Democratic politician. On 10 October 2003 she was appointed Minister for Migration and Asylum Policy in the Swedish Government. As a consequence of the change of government following the 2006 government election, she left office on 6 October 2006, and in 2008 she was appointed the governor of Gävleborg County.

Holmberg was born in Lycksele, Västerbotten, and grew up in Jörn. She has a degree in social work.

She was married to radio journalist Thomas Nordegren and has three children, including Elin Nordegren, who has been married to the American golfer Tiger Woods.

Minister for Migration (Sweden)
The Minister for Migration, (Swedish: migrationsminister), formally cabinet minister of the Ministry of Justice, is a member and minister of the Government of Sweden and is appointed by the Prime Minister. The minister is responsible for policies related to migration and asylum policies.
Mount Akanagi
Mount Akanagi (赤椰岳, Akanagidake) is a mountain of the Kiso Mountains and located on the border between Okuwa, Kiso District, and Iijima, Kamiina District, Nagano Prefecture, in the Chūbu region of Japan. Its peak is 2,798 m (9,180 ft) high.

Kamiina District, Nagano
Kamiina (上伊那郡, Kamiina-gun) is a district located in southern Nagano Prefecture, Japan.

As of May 2008, the district has an estimated population of 86,453 with a density of 168 persons per km2. The total area is 514.55 km2.

On the other hand, if the cities of Ina and Komagane were included, the area will be known as the Kamiina Region.
Straight-fourteen engine
A straight-14 engine (also known as a inline-14 engine) is a fourteen-cylinder piston engine with all fourteen cylinders mounted in a straight line along the crankcase. This design results in a very long engine, therefore it has only been used as marine propulsion engines in large ships.

The only straight-14 engine known to reach production is part of the Wärtsilä-Sulzer RTA96-C family of 6-cylinder to 14-cylinder two-stroke marine engines. This engine is used in the Emma Mærsk, which was the world's largest container ship when it was built in 2006. The engine produces 80,080 kW (107,390 hp) and displaces 25,340 L (1,546,342 in3), has a bore of 960 mm (38 in) and a stroke of 2,500 mm (98 in). The engine is 27.3 m (90 ft) long, 13.5 m (44 ft) high and weighs 2,300 t (2,535 short tons).

Container ship
A container ship (also called boxship or spelled containership) is a cargo ship that carries all of its load in truck-size intermodal containers, in a technique called containerization. Container ships are a common means of commercial intermodal freight transport and now carry most seagoing non-bulk cargo.

Container ship capacity is measured in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU). Typical loads are a mix of 20-foot (1-TEU) and 40-foot (2-TEU) ISO-standard containers, with the latter predominant.

Today, about 90% of non-bulk cargo worldwide is transported by container ships, the largest of which, from 2023 onward, can carry over 24,000 TEU.
Paul Ainslie
Paul Ainslie (/ˈeɪnzli/ ⓘ AYNZ-lee; born February 4, 1967) is a Canadian politician who has been a member of Toronto City Council since 2006 and deputy mayor of Toronto for Scarborough since 2025. Ainslie was appointed by council to fill a vacancy in Ward 41 Scarborough—Rouge River in 2006 and was elected as councillor for Ward 43 Scarborough East later that year. He has been the councillor for Ward 24 Scarborough—Guildwood since 2018.

Ward 24 Scarborough—Guildwood
43°46′N 79°13′W﻿ / ﻿43.77°N 79.21°W﻿ / 43.77; -79.21

Ward 24 Scarborough Guildwood is a municipal electoral division in Toronto, Ontario, for the Toronto City Council. It was last contested in the 2022 municipal election, with Paul Ainslie elected councillor.
William Bourne (mathematician)
William Bourne (c. 1535–1582) was an English mathematician, innkeeper and former Royal Navy gunner who presented the first design for a navigable  submarine and wrote important navigational manuals. He is often called William Bourne of Gravesend.

In 1574, he produced a popular version of the Martín Cortés de Albacar's Arte de Navegar, entitled A Regiment for the Sea. Bourne was critical of some aspects of the original and produced a manual of more practical use to the seaman. He described how to make observations of the sun and stars, using a cross-staff, and how to plot coastal features from the ship by taking bearings using triangulation.

Gravesend
Gravesend /ˌɡreɪvzˈɛnd/ is a town in northwest Kent, England, situated 21 miles (35 km) east-southeast of Charing Cross (central London) on the south bank of the River Thames, opposite Tilbury in Essex. Located in the Diocese of Rochester, it is the administrative centre of the borough of Gravesham. Gravesend marks the eastern limit of the Greater London Built-up Area, as defined by the UK Office for National Statistics. It had a population of 58,102 in 2021.

Its geographical situation has given Gravesend strategic importance throughout the maritime and communications history of South East England. A Thames Gateway commuter town, it retains strong links with the River Thames, not least through the Port of London Authority Pilot Station, and has witnessed rejuvenation since the advent of High Speed 1 rail services via Gravesend railway station. The station was recently refurbished and has a new bridge.
Madame Kate (yacht)
The 62.40 m (204.7 ft) superyacht Madame Kate was launched by Amels Holland B.V. at their yard in Vlissingen. Laura Sessa, from Nuvolari Lenard, worked as designer for creating an interior that perfectly complements the theme of Tim Heywood’s lines. She has two sister ships, the 2013 built Event and the 2018 built Sea & Us.

Damen Group
The Damen Group is a Dutch defence, shipbuilding, and engineering conglomerate company based in Gorinchem, Netherlands.
Though it is a major international group doing business in 120 countries, it remains a private family-owned company.

Damen Shipyards Group is a globally operating company with more than 50 shipyards, repair yards, and related companies − as well as numerous partner yards that can build Damen vessels locally.  Since 1969 it has designed and built more than 5,000 vessels and delivers over 150 vessels annually. With over 30 shipyards and related companies worldwide, Damen is involved in ship construction as well as maintenance and repair activities.  It has a wide product range, including warships, patrol craft, tugs, workboats,  cargo vessels, dredgers, superyachts and fast ferries. Product design and engineering are carried out in-house and a broad range of designs are available.
Pyem people
The Pyem people (Pyam; Hausa: Fyam, Genawa) are found mainly in Mangu Local Government Area of Plateau State, Middle Belt (central) Nigeria. They speak the Pyem language, a Plateau language. Their headquarters are in the town of Gindiri, about 51 km due southwest of the city of Jos.

Jos
Jos /ˈdʒɔːs/ is a city in the North-Central region of Nigeria with a population of about 900,000 residents based on the 2006 census. Popularly called "J-Town", it is the administrative capital and largest city of Plateau State. The city is situated on the Jos plateau which lies within the Guinea Savannah of North-Central Nigeria. It connects most of the North-Eastern capitals to the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, by road. Driving in and out of Jos, traffic encounters very steep and windy bends and mountainous sceneries typical of the plateau, from which the state derives its name.

During the period of British colonial rule, Jos became an important centre for tin mining after large deposits of cassiterite, the main ore for the metal, were discovered. It is also the trading hub of Plateau State as commercial activities are steadily increasing.
Huan Chong
Huan Chong (桓沖; courtesy name Youzi (幼子); 328 – 4 April 384), formally Duke Xuanmu of Fengcheng (豐城宣穆公), was an Eastern Jin governor and general and the youngest brother of Huan Wen.  Contrary to the ambitious Huan Wen, who at times considered seizing the throne, Huan Chong was known to be dedicated to the preservation of the imperial government.  After Huan Wen's son Huan Xuan temporarily seized the throne as the emperor of Chu in 403, he posthumously honored Huan Chong as the Prince of Xuancheng.

Xuancheng
Xuancheng (Chinese: 宣城; pinyin: Xuānchéng; Xuanzhou Wu: Shye-san) is a city in the southeast of Anhui province. Archeological digs suggest that the city has been settled for over 4,000 years, and has been under formal administration since the Qin dynasty. Located in the lower Yangtze River drainage basin and Yangtze River Delta, it borders Wuhu to the northwest, Chizhou to the west, Huangshan to the southwest, and the coastal provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangsu to the southeast and northeast respectively.
East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
East Pittsburgh is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States, approximately 11 miles (18 km) southeast of the confluence of the Monongahela and the Allegheny rivers at Pittsburgh. The population in 1900 stood at 2,883, and in 1910, at 5,615. As of the 2020 census, the borough population was 1,927, having fallen from 6,079 in 1940. George Westinghouse erected large works there which supplied equipment to the great power plants at Niagara Falls and for the elevated and rapid-transit systems of New York City. Nearby, the George Westinghouse Bridge over Turtle Creek is a prominent fixture in the area, which is very near the borough of Braddock.

Monongahela River
The Monongahela River (/məˌnɒŋɡəˈhiːlə/ mə-NONG-gə-HEE-lə, /-ˈheɪ-/ -⁠HAY-), sometimes referred to locally as the Mon (/mɒn/), is a 130-mile-long (210 km) river on the Allegheny Plateau in north-central West Virginia and Southwestern Pennsylvania. The river flows from the confluence of its west and east forks in north-central West Virginia northeasterly into southwestern Pennsylvania, then northerly to Pittsburgh and its confluence with the Allegheny River to form the Ohio River. The river includes a series of locks and dams that makes it navigable.