hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bill Gates Sr.
William Henry Gates II (November 30, 1925 – September 14, 2020), better known as Bill Gates Sr., was an American attorney, philanthropist, and civic leader. He was the founder of the law firm Shidler McBroom & Gates (a predecessor of K&L Gates), and also served as president of both the Seattle King County and Washington State Bar associations. He was the father of Bill Gates, co-founder of Microsoft.

Chi Psi
Chi Psi (ΧΨ) is a fraternity consisting of active chapters at 34 American colleges and universities. Chi Psi was founded in 1841 at Union College in Schenectady, New York. It was the first Greek-letter organization to be founded on the grounds of fraternal bonds, rather than the literary characteristics of the seven then-existing fraternities.

Chi Psi was the first fraternity in the nation to establish a fraternity house. This was a building at the University of Michigan, which was said to resemble a hunting lodge; hence, Chi Psi now refers to all its houses as lodges.: 70
Max Richardson (sailor)
Max Richardson (born 17 September 1991) is a British sailor.

Together with team mate Alex Groves Richardson became third at the 2008 World Championships in the 29er boat by finishing behind Australian couples Steven Thomas/Jasper Warren and Byron White/William Ryan to claim the bronze.

Steven Thomas (sailor)
Steven Thomas is an Australian sailor.

Together with teammate Jasper Warren Thomas became the 2008 World Champion in the 29er boat by finishing in front of fellow Australians Byron White and William Ryan.
Alanson Green Farm House
The Alanson Green Farm House is a single-family home located at 11226 Green Road in Goodrich, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The house is a significant example of Midwestern rural Greek Revival architecture.

Goodrich, Michigan
Goodrich is a village in Genesee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, its population was 2,022. The village is located within Atlas Township and is part of the Flint metropolitan area.
Tapanahony River
The Tapanahony River (sometimes called Tapanahoni) is a major river in the south eastern part of Suriname, South America. The river originates in the Southern part of the Eilerts de Haan Mountains, near the border with Brazil. It joins the Marowijne River at a place called Stoelmanseiland. Upstream, there are many villages inhabited by Indian Tiriyó people, while further downstream villages are inhabited by the Amerindian Wayana and Maroon Ndyuka people.

Eilerts de Haan Mountains
The Eilerts de Haan Mountains (Dutch: Eilerts de Haangebergte) are a mountain range in Sipaliwini District, Suriname. It is a southern part of Wilhelmina Mountains and is maximum 986 m high. The mountain range is part of the Central Suriname Nature Reserve.

The first scientific expeditions were made in the early 20th century by cartographer Eilerts de Haan, who died of malaria in 1910 and is buried at the bottom of this mountain range.
Robert Spitzer (priest)
Fr. Robert J. Spitzer SJ (born May 16, 1952) is an American Jesuit priest, philosopher, educator, author, speaker, and retired President of Gonzaga University in Spokane, Washington.

Spitzer is founder and currently active as president of the Magis Center of Reason and Faith, a non-profit organization dedicated to developing educational materials on the complementarity of science, philosophy, and faith. He is also president of the Spitzer Center of Ethical Leadership, dedicated to helping Catholic and for-profit organizations develop leadership, constructive cultures, and virtue ethics.

Seattle University
Seattle University (Seattle U or SU) is a private Jesuit university in Seattle, Washington, United States. It is the largest independent university in the Northwestern United States, with over 7,500 students enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs within seven schools.
Mohammad Shahid (Pakistani cricketer)
Mohammad Shahid (Urdu: محمد شاہد; born 24 August 2000) is a Pakistani cricketer who plays for Dera Murad Jamali. Shahid made his List A debut for Balochistan against Sindh on 4 March 2022 during the 2021–22 Pakistan Cup. He made his T20 debut for Dera Murad Jamali against Hyderabad on 24 November 2023 during the 2023–24 National T20 Cup.

2023–24 National T20 Cup
The 2023–24 National T20 Cup was a Twenty20 domestic cricket competition played in Pakistan. It was the 20th season of the National T20 Cup, with the tournament starting from 24 November 2023 and the final being played on 10 December 2023. Sindh were the defending champions, winning the 2022-23 edition.
Nicola Molè
Nicola Molè (26 February 1931 – 17 January 2023) was an Italian lawyer and politician. A member of the Social Christians and the Democrats of the Left, he served as president of the Province of Terni from 1995 to 1999.

Molè died in Terni on 17 January 2023, at the age of 91.

Social Christians
The Social Christians (Italian: Cristiano Sociali) are a Christian social-democratic faction within the Democratic Party, a political party in Italy. Before that, they were a party (1993–1998) and a faction of the Democrats of the Left (1998–2007).

The CS are a member of the International League of Religious Socialists (ILRS).
Hamilton Green
Hamilton Belal Mohammed Green(born 9 November 1934) is a Guyanese politician who served as the fourth prime minister of Guyana. He is the first and only Muslim Prime Minister of Guyana, along with being the first and only Muslim head of government in the Western Hemisphere.

People's National Congress Reform
The People's National Congress Reform (PNCR) is a social democratic political party in Guyana led by Aubrey Norton. The party currently holds 12 of the 65 seats in the National Assembly. In Guyana's ethnically divided political landscape, the PNCR's support primarily comes from the Afro-Guyanese community.

It is the main component of the A Partnership for National Unity (APNU) coalition with the Alliance for Change (AFC).
2011–12 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – Men's 500 metres
The 500 metres distance for men in the 2011–12 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was contested over 12 races on six occasions, out of a total of seven World Cup occasions for the season, with the first occasion taking place in Chelyabinsk, Russia, on 18–20 November 2011, and the final occasion taking place in Berlin, Germany, on 9–11 March 2012.

Mo Tae-bum of South Korea won the cup, while Pekka Koskela of Finland came second, and Tucker Fredricks of the United States came third. Defending champion Lee Kang-seok of South Korea finished in 11th place.

Lee Kang-seok
Lee Kang-seok (Korean: 이강석; Hanja: 李康奭, born 28 February 1985) is a South Korean speed skater. He is the 2007 and 2009 World Champion for 500 m. At the 2006 Winter Olympics, he won a bronze medal in the 500 m.  He is the second South Korean person to win a medal in an event outside of short track speedskating, and he has become a representative to show that South Korea is expanding towards cultivating their athletes to excel in sports other than short track speed skating.

On 5 March 2006, Lee won his first World Cup title, winning the 2005–06 World Cup on the 500 m. A year later, Lee won gold at the World Single Distance Championships in the Utah Olympic Oval, setting a world record time of 34.25 seconds in the second race. The record has been broken since then by Jeremy Wotherspoon on 9 November 2007, with a time of 34.03 seconds. At the 2009 Winter Universiade in Harbin, China, Lee won the 500 m, beating Yu Fengtong with times of 35.00 and 34.82.
Temple Owls
The Temple Owls  are the athletic teams that represent Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The current athletic director is Arthur Johnson.

The owl has been the symbol and mascot for Temple University since its founding in the 1880s. Temple was the first school in the United States to adopt the owl as its symbol or mascot. The owl, a nocturnal hunter, was initially adopted as a symbol because Temple University began as a night school for young people of limited means. Russell Conwell, Temple's founder, encouraged these students with the remark: "The owl of the night makes the eagle of the day."

John Chaney (basketball, born 1932)
John Chaney (January 21, 1932 – January 29, 2021) was an American college basketball coach, best known for his success at Temple University from 1982 through 2006. He was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2001 and the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame in 2006.
Optical chopper
An optical chopper is a device which periodically interrupts a light beam. Three types are available: variable frequency rotating disc choppers, fixed frequency tuning fork choppers, and optical shutters. A rotating disc chopper was famously used in 1849 by Hippolyte Fizeau in the first non-astronomical measurement of the speed of light.

Tuning fork
A tuning fork is an acoustic resonator in the form of a two-pronged fork with the prongs (tines) formed from a U-shaped bar of elastic metal (usually steel). It resonates at a specific constant pitch when set vibrating by striking it against a surface or with an object, and emits a pure musical tone once the high overtones fade out. A tuning fork's pitch depends on the length and mass of the two prongs. They are traditional sources of standard pitch for tuning musical instruments.

The tuning fork was invented in 1711 by British musician John Shore, sergeant trumpeter and lutenist to the royal court.
2nd Infantry Division (Thailand)
The 2nd Infantry Division, King Vajiralongkorn's Guard (Thai: กองพลทหารราบที่ 2 รักษาพระองค์ ในพระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัว) (พล.๒ รอ.) also known as Mechanized Infantry Division (Thai: กองพลทหารราบยานเกราะ) is the King's Guard Mechanized Infantry Division of the Royal Thai Army (RTA). It is currently part of the First Army Area. The division was founded by King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) in 1910. In 1988 the division was designated a King's Guard unit by cabinet order, however, as a mark of distinction the division and all its subsidiary units were put under the patronage of Queen Sirikit and has since been known as the Queen's Guard.

The division is composed of three infantry regiments and three attached units, the 2nd Infantry Regiment, Queen's Guard, the 12th Infantry Regiment, Queen's Guard, and the 21st Infantry Regiment, Queen's Guard. The division and its subsidiary units are all based east of Bangkok, headquartered in Prachinburi, with other units in Chonburi and Sa Kaeo.

Chonburi
Chonburi (Thai: ชลบุรี, RTGS: Chon Buri, IAST: jalapurī, pronounced [tɕ͡ʰōn bū.rīː] ⓘ) is the capital of Chonburi Province and, as part of the district Mueang Chonburi, the seventh-largest city in Thailand. It is about 100 km southeast of Bangkok, on the coast of the Gulf of Thailand, and has an urban population of 342,959. Its name means 'city of water'.

Chonburi, along with the urban areas of Si Racha and Pattaya, forms a conurbation known as the Pattaya-Chonburi Metropolitan Area, which has a total population of 999,092.

Chonburi town has had town (thesaban mueang) status since 1935 and makes up only a small part of the current city-scape.
Pahra
Pahra was a jagir in India during the British Raj. It was under the Bundelkhand Agency of the Central India Agency until 1896 when it was transferred to the Baghelkhand Agency. It was later transferred back to the Bundelkhand Agency.

Pahra had an area of 69.92 km2. In 1931 the population of the small state was of 3,496 inhabitants distributed in 31 villages. The principality was merged into the Indian state of Vindhya Pradesh in 1948.

Vindhya Pradesh
Vindhya Pradesh was a former state of India. It was created in 1948 as Union of Baghelkhand and Bundelkhand States from the territories of the princely states in the eastern portion of the former Central India Agency. It was named as Vindhya Pradesh on 25 January 1950 after the Vindhya Range, which runs through the centre of the province. The capital of the state was the former princely state of Rewa. It lay between Uttar Pradesh to the north and Madhya Pradesh to the south, and the enclave of Datia, which lay a short distance to the west, was surrounded by the state of Madhya Bharat.

Vindhya Pradesh was merged into Madhya Pradesh in 1956, following the States Reorganisation Act.

It occupied an area of 61,131.5 km2 (23,603 sq. miles).
Salt road
A salt road (also known as a salt route, salt way, saltway, or salt trading route) refers to any of the prehistoric and historical trade routes by which essential salt was transported to regions that lacked it.

From the Bronze Age (in the 2nd millennium BC) fixed transhumance routes appeared, like the Ligurian drailles that linked the maritime Liguria with the alpages, long before any purposely-constructed roadways formed the overland routes by which salt-rich provinces supplied salt-starved ones.

Languedoc
The Province of Languedoc (/ˌlɒ̃ɡ(ə)ˈdɒk/, French: [lɑ̃ɡ(ə)dɔk], locally [lãᵑɡəˈdɔk]; Occitan: Lengadòc [ˌleŋɡɔˈðɔ(k)]) is a former province of France.
Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately 42,700 square kilometers (16,500 square miles).
Hradešice
Hradešice is a municipality and village in Klatovy District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants. The historic centre of the village is well preserved and is protected as a village monument zone.

Hradešice lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of Klatovy, 50 km (31 mi) south of Plzeň, and 104 km (65 mi) south-west of Prague.

Cultural monument (Czech Republic)
The cultural monuments of the Czech Republic (Czech: kulturní památka) are protected properties (both real and movable properties) designated by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. Cultural monuments that constitute the most important part of the Czech cultural heritage may be declared national cultural monuments (Czech: národní kulturní památka) by a regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic. The government may also proclaim a territory, whose character and environment are determined by a group of immovable cultural monuments or archaeological finds, as a whole, as a monument reservation. The Ministry of Culture may proclaim a territory of a settlement with a smaller number of cultural monuments, a historical environment or part of a landscape area that displays significant cultural values as a monument zone.

As of 2019, there are 14 Czech cultural monuments on the World Heritage List.
Bji Gewog
Bji Gewog (Dzongkha: སྦྱིས་) is a gewog (village block) of Haa District, Bhutan. It is the northernmost gewog of the Haa District, bordering China's Chumbi Valley (Yadong County). The gewog has mostly mountainous terrain, with rivers flowing into Amo Chu in the west and the Ha Chu in the east.  China claims a large part of the gewog as its territory and has recently started building roads and villages in the border areas.

Dzongkha
Dzongkha (རྫོང་ཁ་ [d͡zòŋkʰɑ́]), also known by its exonym Bhutanese, is a Tibeto-Burman language in the Sino-Tibetan language family that is primarily spoken by the Bhutanese people. It is the official and national language of Bhutan, and is written using the Tibetan script.

The word dzongkha means "the language of the fortress", from dzong "fortress" and kha "language". As of 2013, Dzongkha had 171,080 native speakers and about 640,000 total speakers.

Dzongkha is a South Tibetic language. It is closely related to Laya and Lunana and partially intelligible with Sikkimese, and to some other Bhutanese languages such as Chocha Ngacha, Brokpa, Brokkat and Lakha. It has a more distant relationship to Standard Tibetan.
2025 Vuelta a Burgos
The 2025 Vuelta a Burgos is a men's road cycling stage race that takes place from 5 to 9 August 2025 in the Spanish province of Burgos. It is the 47th edition of the Vuelta a Burgos, and is rated as a 2.Pro event as part of the 2025 UCI ProSeries calendar.

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
Andrew Kyte
Vice-Admiral Andrew Jeffery Kyte, CB (born 1966) is a senior Royal Navy officer. Since September 2023, he has served as Chief of Defence Logistics and Support at Strategic Command. He joined the Royal Navy in 1987 as a logistics officer. He served as Chief Naval Logistics Officer and Assistant Chief of the Defence Staff (Logistic Operations) from 2018 to 2022.

In the 2021 New Year Honours, Kyte was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB).

Cyber & Specialist Operations Command
The United Kingdom's Cyber & Specialist Operations Command (CSOC), previously known as Strategic Command (StratCom) and Joint Forces Command (JFC), manages allocated joint capabilities from the three armed services.
Troubadour (George Strait album)
Troubadour is the twenty-fifth studio album by American country music singer George Strait. It was released on April 1, 2008, on MCA Nashville Records. The album comprises twelve tracks, including two duets. The lead-off single, "I Saw God Today", was the highest-debuting single of Strait's career, and his forty-third Number One on the Billboard country charts. The album has been certified platinum by the RIAA. At the 51st Grammy Awards, Troubadour earned the Grammy Award for Best Country Album, the first Grammy win of Strait's career. The album was intended to include the song "Everybody Wants to Go to Heaven", but after Strait decided not to include it on the album, it was later recorded by Kenny Chesney, and was released as the first single from his album Lucky Old Sun.  "It Was Me" was originally recorded by Jamey Johnson on his 2006 album, The Dollar.

Kenny Chesney
Kenneth Arnold Chesney (born March 26, 1968) is an American country singer. With 30 million albums sold worldwide, he released his debut, In My Wildest Dreams, in 1994, and has since released 19 follow-ups. His albums spawned 27 singles that have peaked within the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100.

Chesney has received twelve Country Music Association Awards, including the Country Music Association Award for Entertainer of the Year honor four times, and eleven Academy of Country Music Awards, including four consecutive Academy of Country Music Award for Entertainer of the Year from 2005 to 2008, as well as six Grammy Award nominations. He has remained one of the most popular touring acts in United States country music.

On March 25, 2025, Chesney was named a member-elect to the Country Music Hall of Fame, and he was officially inducted on October 19, along with Tony Brown and June Carter Cash.
Balboa Bank and Trust
Balboa Bank & Trust is a financial institution based in the Banking Center of the Republic of Panama. It is a subsidiary of Strategic Investors Group, Inc., a company registered under the laws of the Republic of Panama. The bank offers savings accounts, checking accounts, time deposits, money market accounts, debit cards, trust services, credit cards, and MasterCard cards.

Branch (banking)
A branch, banking center or financial center is a retail location where a bank, credit union, or other financial institution (including a brokerage firm) offers a wide array of face-to-face and automated services to its customers.
Miguel Lawner
Miguel Lawner Steiman (born 10 August 1928) is a Chilean architect who has received several national awards—including the National Architecture Award in 2019—for his projects, both in the public and private sectors.

He served as executive director of the Corporation for Urban Improvement (CORMU) during the Popular Unity administration of Salvador Allende, until the 1973 coup d'état led by Augusto Pinochet. Afterwards, he was arrested and imprisoned in various concentration camps until his release and exile in Denmark. Both from abroad and after his return to Chile in the 1980s, Lawner has continued to work in architectural projects with a focus on social interest, as well as investigating and denouncing the human rights violations perpetrated during the dictatorship.

Lawner also served as editorial assistant at AUCA architecture magazine, as national director of the Architects' Association of Chile, and of the NGO Taller de Vivienda Social (a low-income housing workshop).

Dawson Island
Dawson Island (Spanish: Isla Dawson) is an island in the Strait of Magellan that forms part of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago, 100 km south of the city of Punta Arenas in Chile, and part of the Municipality of Punta Arenas. It is located southeast of Brunswick Peninsula. It is often lashed with harsh Antarctic weather. The settlements are Puerto Harris, Puerto San Antonio and Puerto Almeida.
A Girl Must Live
A Girl Must Live is a 1939 British romantic comedy film directed by Carol Reed that stars Margaret Lockwood, Renée Houston, Lilli Palmer, Hugh Sinclair, and Naunton Wayne. Based on a 1936 novel by Emery Bonett with the same title, the plot features three chorus line girls competing for the affection of a wealthy bachelor. It was one of a series of films Carol Reed made starring Margaret Lockwood.

Chorus line
A chorus line is a large group of dancers who together perform synchronized routines, usually in musical theatre. Sometimes, singing is also performed. While synchronized dancing indicative of a chorus line was vogue during the first half of the 20th century, modern theatre uses the terms "ensemble" and "chorus" to indicate all supporting players in a stage production.
Minuscule 448
Minuscule 448 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 509 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1478. It has marginalia.

Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon (/ˈkɒləfən, -fɒn/) is a brief statement containing information about the publication of a book such as an "imprint" (the place of publication, the publisher, ISBN and the date of publication).

A colophon may include the device (logo): 69  of a printer or publisher. Colophons are traditionally printed at the ends of books (see History below for the origin of the word), but sometimes the same information appears elsewhere (when it may still be referred to as colophon) and many modern (post-1800) books bear this information on the title page or on the verso of the title leaf, which is sometimes called a biblio page or (when bearing copyright data) the copyright page.
Liu Lunxian
Liu Lunxian (simplified Chinese: 刘伦贤; traditional Chinese: 劉倫賢; pinyin: Liú Lúnxián; December 1943 – 4 December 2017) was a Chinese politician and military officer. Liu was promoted to the rank of major general (shaojiang) in September 1988 and lieutenant general (zhongjiang) in July 1993.

He was a delegate to the 13th and 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and a deputy to 7th and 9th National People's Congress.

14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
The 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was convened from 12 to 18 October, 1992.  It was preceded by the 13th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. 2,000 delegates represented the party's 51 million members.

The Congress elected the 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Building socialism with Chinese Characteristics was advanced. The congress outlined the major tasks in the reform, economic and social development in the 1990s. It declared that the target of China's economic restructuring was to establish a socialist market economic system. It was succeeded by the 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.