hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philippine government securities
Philippine government securities (locally referred to as "GS") are the unconditional debt obligations of the Republic of the Philippines.  These are all denominated in the local currency, the Philippine peso.  The securities are issued by the Republic through its fiscal agent, the Bureau of Treasury.

Fiscal agent
A fiscal agent, fiscal sponsor, or financial agent is a proxy that manages fiscal matters on behalf of another party. A fiscal agent may assist in the redemption of bonds or coupons at maturity, disbursing dividends, and handling tax issues. For example, the United States Federal Reserve is the fiscal agent of the federal government of the United States.
Podogymnura truei
Podogymnura truei, also known as the Mindanao gymnure, Mindanao moonrat, or Mindanao wood shrew, is a mammal of the family Erinaceidae. It is endemic to the Mindanao islands of the Philippines. Erinaceidae is a family of small mammals that include the gymnures, also known as the silky furred moonrats, and the hedgehogs. Animals belonging to this family are significant because they are among the oldest known placental mammals that are alive. Gymnures are relatives of hedgehogs but lack the prickly spines. Four species are categorized in the genus Podogymnura: P. aureospinula, P. intermedia, P. minima, and P. truei. All share a close resemblance to the moonrat Echinosorex gymnura, which is commonly found on the Borneo, Sumatra, and the Malay Peninsulas.

Spine (zoology)
In a zoological context, spines are hard, needle-like anatomical structures found in both vertebrate and invertebrate species. The spines of most spiny mammals are modified hairs, with a spongy center covered in a thick, hard layer of keratin and a sharp, sometimes barbed tip.
Gonzague Ryckmans
Constantin Louis Gonzague Ryckmans (1887–1969) was a Belgian priest, scholar and academic who became an internationally recognised specialist on inscriptions from pre-Islamic Arabia. From 1926 until his retirement in 1958, he worked at the Catholic University of Leuven.

Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)
The Catholic University of Leuven or Louvain (French: Université catholique de Louvain, Dutch: Katholieke Hogeschool te Leuven, later Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven) was founded in 1834 in Mechelen as the Catholic University of Belgium, and moved its seat to the town of Leuven in 1835, changing its name to Catholic University of Leuven. In 1968, it was split into two universities, the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and the Université catholique de Louvain, following tensions between the Dutch and French-speaking student bodies.
CAMP
CAMP, cAMP or camP may stand for:

CAMP:
Cathelicidin, or Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide
Campaign Against Marijuana Planting
CAMP, part of the Prague Institute of Planning and Development
Central Atlantic magmatic province
CAMP (company), an Italian manufacturer of climbing equipment
CAMP (studio), a media studio in Mumbai
CAMP factor, a substance that enhances hemolysis by the beta-toxin of Staphylococcus aureus

cAMP:
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)
(+)-cis-2-Aminomethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid, a GABAA-ρ agonist

camP:
2,5-diketocamphane 1,2-monooxygenase, an enzyme

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP, or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger, or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes. cAMP is a derivative of  adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms, conveying the cAMP-dependent pathway.
Outline of London
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the city known as London:

London – capital and most populous city of England, and the United Kingdom. On the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. London is a cultural capital and leading global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism, and transport. It is the world's financial capital and has the fifth-or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world.

Tourism in London
London, the capital city of England, is one of the world's most visited cities in terms of international visits, ranking third in 2024. It is home to an array of notable tourist attractions, attracting 20.3 million overnight visits in 2023, far more than any other town or city and close to the number of visits seen in 2019 (21.7 million).
Schleswig-Holstein (electoral district)
Schleswig-Holstein was one of the 35 electoral districts (German: Wahlkreise) used to elect members to the Reichstag during the Weimar Republic. It sent members to the Reichstag in nine democratic elections between 1919 and 1933. It existed nominally in the show elections to the Nazi Reichstag until 1938.

It comprised the province of Schleswig-Holstein within the Free State of Prussia and the Landesteil Lübeck from the Free State of Oldenburg. It was constituency 13 in the numbering scheme.

Free State of Oldenburg
The Free State of Oldenburg (German: Freistaat Oldenburg) was a federated state that existed during the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany. It was established in 1918 following the abdication of the Grand Duke Frederick Augustus II of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg after the German Revolution and was abolished by the Allies following the Second World War.
Serena Nanda
Serena Nanda (born August 13, 1938) is an American author, anthropologist, and professor emeritus. She received the Ruth Benedict Prize in 1990 for her monograph, Neither Man nor Woman: The Hijras of India.

Ruth Benedict Prize
The Ruth Benedict Prize is an award given annually by the American Anthropological Association's "to acknowledge excellence in a scholarly book written from an anthropological perspective about a lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender topic". The award was established in 1986 in honor of anthropologist, Ruth Benedict (1887–1948) and is given in two separate categories: a monograph by a single author and an edited volume.
Tecaxic-Calixtlahuaca head
The Tecaxic-Calixtlahuaca head is a terracotta head, probably originally part of a larger figurine, discovered in 1933 among pre-Columbian or just post-Columbian grave goods in the Tecaxic-Calixtlahuaca zone in the Toluca Valley, approximately 65 kilometers northwest of Mexico City.

Because the head appears to be similar in style to artifacts of Roman origin, some believe that it is evidence of pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact between Rome and the Americas, a view strongly promoted by archaeologist Romeo H. Hristov. However, several other explanations for its presence have also been put forward.

Toluca Valley
The Toluca Valley is a valley in central Mexico, just west of the Valley of Mexico (Mexico City), the old name was Matlatzinco. The valley runs north–south for about 35 km (22 mi), surrounded by mountains, the most imposing of which is the Nevado de Toluca Volcano. It is one of the highest valleys in Mexico and for this reason has a relatively cold climate. Since the 1940s, there has been significant environmental degradation in the valley, with the loss of forests, soil erosion, falling water tables and water pollution due to growth in industry and population.  In the pre-Hispanic period, it was a buffer region between the Aztec Empire and Purépecha Empire. From the Aztec period until the 19th century, it was part of the region controlled by Mexico City, but today it is the center of the State of Mexico, which has its capital in Toluca, the main city of the valley.
Grace Dieu Halt railway station
Grace Dieu Halt railway station was a station on the Charnwood Forest Railway. At 52.761485°N  1.354311°E near the hamlet of Grace-Dieu, Leicestershire. On the outskirts of Whitwick. Opened in 1907 as a stop on the line between Loughborough Derby Road and Coalville East.

The station closed in 1931 when passenger services on the line with withdrawn.

Grace-Dieu
Grace-Dieu (/ˌɡreɪs ˈdjuː/) is a placename situated in Leicestershire, England. Its toponymy, meaning "Grace (of) God" in French, is from nearby Grace Dieu Priory, which was established in the 13th century but was left in disrepair after the dissolution of the monasteries by King Henry VIII. The priory ruins are visible from the main road to Loughborough.

Grace Dieu Manor, located in close proximity to Thringstone, was initially a private residence and later served as a preparatory school, known as Grace Dieu Manor School. At present, the population is recorded in the civil parish of Belton.

Gracedieu Vineyard is situated in Charnwood Forest, facing south. It was established in 1991 and has gained a reputation for producing high-quality wine, particularly its "Green Man" wine, which is made from the Madeleine Angevine grape and is noted for its fragrant floral aroma.
1989–1990 Transnistrian referendum
A referendum on the formation of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic was held in Transnistria between 1989 and 1990. The first voting took place in Rîbnița on 3 December 1989. In Tiraspol voting was held on 28 January. After the June congress of the local Soviet, voting was held in the districts of Bender, Dubăsari, Sloboza, Camenca and Grigoriopol. The overall total showed 98% voting in favour. The Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic was declared at the second meeting of the Soviet on 2 September 1990.

Rîbnița
Rîbnița (Romanian: Rîbnița, Râbnița, Rîmnița or Râmnița, Moldovan Cyrillic: Рыбница, pronounced [ˈrɨbnitsa]) or Rybnitsa (Russian: Ры́бница, romanized: Rýbnitsa; Ukrainian: Ри́бниця, romanized: Rýbnytsia) is a town in the breakaway Moldovan region of Transnistria. According to the 2004 census, it has a population of 53,648. Rîbnița is situated in the northern half of Transnistria, on the left bank of the Dniester, and is separated from the river by a concrete dam. The town is the seat of the Rîbnița District.
T6 road (Tanzania)
The T6 is a Trunk road in Tanzania. The road runs from the city center of Mtwara along the southern border of Tanzania to Songea and then connecting to the T1 road at Makambako. The roads as it is approximately 931 km (578 mi). The road is entirely paved. This is the only Trunk Road that connects to Mtwara city and Mtwara Port. The T6 provides an important road link as part of the Mtwara Development Corridor.

Mtwara Development Corridor
The Mtwara Development Project is a major infrastructure development project involving southern Tanzania, northern Mozambique, eastern Malawi and Eastern Zambia. The goal of this project is to provide road, rail and waterway access from the surrounding region to the Port of Mtwara. The region and the corridor has been neglected by the respective governments for over 40 years and the recent discovery of oil, gas and various minerals has kick started the development of the project. A road and rail link is to be built from the port of Mtwara to Mbamba Bay on Lake Nyasa to link Malawi to the corridor and further road links into Mozambique will facilitate access to northern Mozambique.
Sinus tubercle
Sinus tubercle (also known as sinual tubercle or Müllerian eminence) is the proliferation of endoderm induced by the paramesonephric ducts. It is located in the developing fetus between the orifices of the mesonephric ducts on the urogenital sinus. The uterovaginal primoridium, which is a fusion of the caudal ends of paramesonephric ducts, contacts the dorsal wall of the urogenital sinus and, induces the formation of the sinus tubercle. This occurs in both sexes:

In the female, the mesonephric duct loses all association with the gonad and disappears. The sinus tubercle then gives rise to the sino-vaginal bulbs and, when it later becomes solid it is referred to as the vaginal plate. It likewise gives rise to the hymen, which eventually breaks down in most cases.

In the males, the sinus tubercle gives rise to the seminal colliculus.

Sinovaginal bulb
The sinovaginal bulb is a transitional structure in the development of female genitalia, and is one of a pair of endodermal outgrowths of the urogenital sinus, which later fuse to form the lower part of the vagina. The lower third of the vagina is derived from the urogenital sinus.

The hymen is formed from the same tissue as the sinovaginal bulb.
Karen Soria
Karen Soria is an American-born rabbi. She became the first female rabbi to serve in Australia when she joined the rabbinical team at Temple Beth Israel, a progressive Reform Jewish synagogue in Melbourne, in the 1980s. She later served as a chaplain for the U.S. Marines and the U.S. Navy; she was the first woman rabbi to serve in this capacity for the Marines, and the second in the Navy. After moving to Canada, she became the first woman rabbi to serve as a chaplain with the Canadian Forces.

Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion
The Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion (HUC-JIR; also known as Hebrew Union College or HUC) is an institution of higher Jewish education and the academic, spiritual, and professional leadership development center of Reform Judaism. It has three locations in the United States and one location in Jerusalem. It is the oldest extant Jewish seminary in the Americas and the main seminary for training rabbis, cantors, educators and communal workers in Reform Judaism. Hebrew Union College has campuses in Cincinnati, Ohio, New York City, Los Angeles, and Jerusalem. The Jerusalem campus is the only seminary in Israel for training Reform Jewish clergy.
Arthur Clifton
General Sir Arthur Benjamin Clifton GCB KCH (1771 – 8 March 1869) was a British Army officer who fought in the Peninsular War and commanded the Second Union Cavalry Brigade at the Battle of Waterloo on 18 June 1815.

Royal Guelphic Order
The Royal Guelphic Order (German: Königlicher Guelphen-Orden), sometimes referred to as the Hanoverian Guelphic Order, is a Hanoverian order of chivalry instituted on 28 April 1815 by the Prince Regent (later King George IV). It takes its name from the House of Guelph, of which the House of Hanover was a branch. Since Hanover and the United Kingdom shared a monarch until 1837, the order was frequently bestowed upon British subjects.
Proving Ground (TV series)
Proving Ground is an American reality television series that aired in the United States on G4 in 2011, hosted by stuntman Ryan Dunn and video game journalist Jessica Chobot.

In each episode, Dunn and Chobot test concepts from pop culture such as video games, comics, television and movies to see if any are easily replicated in the real world. In the first episode, they test the concept of a real life Super Mario Kart go-kart race with banana peels and "Koopa Troopa shells".

The series premiered on June 14 to 31,000 viewers. Most of the testing segments were filmed at the Saugus Speedway. On June 20, Dunn died in a drunk driving accident in Pennsylvania. The network immediately pulled the series from its schedule until management determined whether the remaining episodes should air. On June 27, it announced that the show would return on July 19 and the remaining episodes would air in the same time slot.

Kart racing
Kart racing or karting is a motorsport discipline using open-wheel, four-wheeled vehicles known as go-karts or shifter karts. They are usually raced on scaled-down circuits, although some professional kart races are also held on full-size motorsport circuits. Karting is commonly perceived as the stepping stone to the higher ranks of motorsports. Most modern Formula One drivers, including Ayrton Senna, Michael Schumacher, Fernando Alonso, Kimi Räikkönen, Lewis Hamilton, Sebastian Vettel, Nico Rosberg, and Max Verstappen, have begun their racing careers in karting. NASCAR Cup driver Connor Zilisch also got his start in karting.

Karts vary widely in speed, and some (known as superkarts) can reach speeds exceeding 160 kilometres per hour (100 mph), while recreational go-karts intended for the general public may be limited to lower speeds.
Gerhard Kofler
Gerhard Kofler (11 February 1949 in Bolzano – 2 November 2005 in Vienna) was an Austrian-Italian writer. He wrote poetry and essays in both Italian and German.

Kofler studied Germanistics and Romance studies in Innsbruck and Salzburg and was a poet and literature critic, as well as general secretary of the Grazer Autorenversammlung literary association in Vienna.

Kofler translated poetry including poems from H. C. Artmann, Gerald Bisinger, Ernst Jandl, Friederike Mayröcker, and Gerhard Rühm into Italian. He also translated works from Italian into German, including those of Umberto Saba.

His poems were translated into many other languages, including Greek, Hungarian, Russian and Spanish.

Umberto Saba
Umberto Saba (9 March 1883 – 25 August 1957) was an Italian poet and novelist, born Umberto Poli in the cosmopolitan Mediterranean port of Trieste when it was the fourth largest city of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Poli assumed the pen name "Saba" in 1910, and his name was officially changed to Umberto Saba in 1928. From 1919 he was the proprietor of an antiquarian bookshop in Trieste. He suffered from depression for all of his adult life.
Mister World 2007
Mister World 2007 was the 5th edition of the Mister World competition. It was held on March 31, 2007 at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China. Gustavo Gianetti of Brazil crowned Juan Garcia Postigo of Spain at the end of the event.

Crown of Beauty Theatre
Beauty Crown Grand Theater (Chinese: 美丽之冠大剧院) is an indoor arena or theater in seven-star Beauty Crown Hotel Complex in the tropical city of Sanya, Hainan Island, China, and it is currently one of the biggest arena or theater for arts and entertainment venues, which stands 36 meters high and covers about 10,000 square meters, and was built in 2003. Located in the city center, the crown-shaped Beauty Crown Theatre or Crown of Beauty Theatre was specially built for the Miss World pageant in 2003. The 3,500-seat theater is equipped with an up-to-date and high-tech audio and lightning system. It hosted 6 Miss World events: Miss World 2003, Miss World 2004, Miss World 2005, Miss World 2007, Miss World 2010 and Miss World 2015.
Hundred of Cavenagh (Northern Territory)
The Hundred of Cavenagh is a Hundred of Palmerston County, Northern Territory Australia.

The Hundred  is located at Latitude -12°49'S and Longitude 130°59'E.

This Hundred was gazetted on 14/09/1871 and is named after Wentworth Cavenagh, Mayor of Adelaide in 1874 and later became Premier of South Australia.

Wentworth Cavenagh
Wentworth Cavenagh (1821 – 5 January 1895), also known as Wentworth Cavenagh–Mainwaring, was an Australian politician.

Cavenagh was member for Yatala in the South Australian House of Assembly from 17 November 1862 to 24 April 1881; and was Commissioner of Crown Lands, under Henry Strangways, from 3 November 1868 to 30 May 1870, and Commissioner of Public Works in the Henry Ayers Government from 4 March 1872 to 22 July 1873. In 1887, he received permission to bear the title of Honourable. Having married Ellen, daughter of Gordon Mainwaring, who, on the death of her brother in 1891, became entitled to the Whitmore Hall estate, in Staffordshire, he assumed the additional name of Mainwaring.
Dōtonbori
Dōtonbori or Dōtombori (道頓堀; pronounced [doːtomboɾi]) is a district in Osaka, Japan. Known as one of Osaka's principal tourist and nightlife areas, the area runs along the Dōtonbori canal from Dōtonboribashi Bridge to Nipponbashi Bridge in the Namba district of the city's Chūō ward. Historically a theater district, it is now a popular nightlife and entertainment area characterized by its eccentric atmosphere and large illuminated signboards.

One of the area's most prominent features is an illuminated billboard for confectionery company Glico displaying the image of a runner crossing a finishing line, which is often seen as an icon of Osaka within Japan.

Kani Dōraku
Kani Dōraku (かに道楽) is a Japanese restaurant chain that specialises in crustaceans and other seafood.

The restaurants are known for their traditional appearance and the large animatronic red crab above their main entrances.
David Clohessy
David G. Clohessy (born c. 1956) is known as an American activist and leader for victims of clergy abuse. He served for more than two decades, until December 2017, as the executive director and spokesman for the Survivor's Network of those Abused by Priests (SNAP). He remained on the board after his resignation.

Based in Chicago, SNAP is the largest and oldest national self-help group for victims of clergy molestation in the United States.

Sexual abuse
Sexual abuse or sex abuse is abusive sexual behavior by one person upon another. It is often perpetrated using physical force, or by taking advantage of another. It often consists of a persistent pattern of sexual assaults. The offender is referred to as a sexual abuser. Live streaming sexual abuse involves trafficking and coerced sexual acts, or rape, in real time on webcam.

Molestation refers to an instance of sexual assault, especially when perpetrated against a child. The perpetrator is called (often pejoratively) a molester. The term also covers behavior by an adult or older adolescent towards a child to sexually stimulate any of the involved. The use of a child for sexual stimulation is referred to as child sexual abuse and, for pubescent or post-pubescent individuals younger than the age of consent, statutory rape.

Sexual abuse can be perpetrated against other vulnerable populations like the elderly, a form of elder abuse, or those with developmental disabilities.
Tasunka Kokipapi
Tasunka Kokipapi (Lakota: Tȟašúŋke Kȟokípȟapi, 1836 – July 13, 1893) was an Oglala Lakota leader known for his participation in Red Cloud's War, as a negotiator for the Sioux Nation after the Wounded Knee Massacre, and for serving on delegations to Washington, D.C.. A proper translation of his name is They Fear Even His Horses or His Horse Is Feared, meaning that the bearer of the name was so feared in battle that even the sight of his horse would inspire fear. During and after his lifetime, American sources and written records mistranslated his name as Young Man Afraid of His Horses or uncommonly as His Horses Are Afraid.

Red Cloud Agency
The Red Cloud Agency was an Indian agency for the Oglala Lakota as well as the Northern Cheyenne and Arapaho, from 1871 to 1878.  It was located at three different sites in Wyoming Territory and Nebraska before being moved to South Dakota.  It was then renamed the Pine Ridge Reservation.
Hunter-Dawson State Historic Site
The Hunter-Dawson State Historic Site is a state-owned property in New Madrid, Missouri, maintained by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources as a historic house museum and state historic site. The Hunter-Dawson House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.