hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MCTS
MCTS may reference:

Marine Communications and Traffic Services, a radio service operated by the Canadian Coast Guard which provides vessel traffic and marine weather information

Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist, a professional certification from Microsoft

Middelburg Center for Transatlantic Studies

Milwaukee County Transit System

Monte Carlo tree search – a heuristic search algorithm based on the Monte Carlo method

Multiple Console Time Sharing System, a 1970s operating system developed by General Motors Research Laboratory

Munich Center for Technology in Society, a research center at the Technical University of Munich

Mercer County Technical Schools, a vocational public school district in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States

Monte Carlo tree search
In computer science, Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) is a heuristic search algorithm for some kinds of decision processes, most notably those employed in software that plays board games. In that context MCTS is used to solve the game tree.

MCTS was combined with neural networks in 2016 and has been used in multiple board games like Chess, Shogi, Checkers, Backgammon, Contract Bridge, Go, Scrabble, and Clobber as well as in turn-based-strategy video games (such as Total War: Rome II's implementation in the high level campaign AI) and applications outside of games.
Glove puppetry
Glove puppetry (Chinese: 布袋戲; pinyin: bùdàixì; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pò͘-tē-hì) is a type of opera using cloth puppets that originated during the 17th century in Quanzhou or Zhangzhou of China's Fujian province, and historically practised in the Min Nan-speaking areas such as Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, the Chaoshan region of Guangdong, and other parts of southern China. It had since established itself contemporarily as a popular art form in Taiwan.

The puppet's head uses wood carved into the shape of a hollow human head, but aside from the head, palms, and feet, which are made of wood, the puppet's torso and limbs consist entirely of cloth costumes. At the time of the performance, a gloved hand enters the puppet's costume and makes it perform. In previous years the puppets used in this type of performance strongly resembled "cloth sacks," hence the name, which literally means "cloth bag opera."

Torso
The torso or trunk is the central part, or the core, of the body of many animals (including human beings), from which the head, neck, limbs, tail and other appendages extend.

The tetrapod torso — including that of a human — can be divided into segments:

The chest or upper torso.  This section is also called the thorax or the thoracic region.  This is where the forelimbs extend.

The abdomen.  The abdomenal section is also known as the "mid-section" or midriff.

The pelvis and perineum.

Sometimes the pelvic, perineal, and abdomenal regions are grouped together and called the lower torso.

The hindlimbs extend from the lower torso.

The back is also part of the torso.
Forbidden Broadway: 20th Anniversary Edition
Forbidden Broadway: 20th Anniversary Edition is the sixth volume in the Forbidden Broadway Cast Albums. Although there isn't a show with the same title, the CD has twenty-five of Forbidden Broadway's best songs, including eight previously unreleased tracks. It was conceived, created and written (parody lyrics) by Gerard Alessandrini.

The CD bears the label "The Ultimate Unreleased Un-Original Cast Recording," pointing out that this does not exclusively feature the original cast.  The liner notes give a retrospective of Forbidden Broadway's beginnings, as well as a gallery of photos of the original cast with the stars they mock so lovingly.

This CD returns the parodies of such shows as Ragtime, Annie, Into the Woods, Cats, Martin Guerre, and Les Misérables. Stars like Julie Andrews, Mandy Patinkin, and Patti Lupone also share the ridicule.

Annie (musical)
Annie is a musical with music by Charles Strouse, lyrics by Martin Charnin, and a book by Thomas Meehan. It is based on the 1924 comic strip Little Orphan Annie by Harold Gray (which in turn was inspired from the poem Little Orphant Annie by James Whitcomb Riley). The original Broadway production opened in 1977 and ran for nearly six years, setting a record for the Alvin Theatre (now the Neil Simon Theatre). It spawned numerous productions in many countries, as well as national tours, and won seven Tony Awards, including for Best Musical. The musical's songs "Tomorrow" and "It's the Hard Knock Life" are among its most popular musical numbers.
Andriy Ivanchuk
Andriy Volodymyrovych Ivanchuk (Ukrainian: Андрій Володимирович Іванчук; 16 June 1973 – 25 September 2023) was a Ukrainian politician who served as a People's Deputy of Ukraine from 2012 until his death in 2023. Originally elected from the proportional representation list of Batkivshchyna, he was re-elected on the People's Front, finally serving from Ukraine's 88th electoral district in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast from 2019 until his death. He was the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada Committee on Economic Policy.

People's Front (Ukraine)
People's Front (Ukrainian: Народний фронт, romanized: Narodnyi front; also translated as National Front or Popular Front) is a nationalist and conservative political party in Ukraine founded by Arseniy Yatsenyuk and Oleksandr Turchynov in 2014.

Many members of the new political entity were former members of Fatherland including Yatsenyuk and Turchynov.

The party won 82 seats in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election. The party did not participate in the July 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election.
Florida State Road 579
State Road 579 (SR 579) is a 0.5-mile (0.80 km) stretch of Fletcher Avenue between Florida Avenue and Nebraska Avenue in Tampa, Florida. Similar to SR 678 to the north, it exists to connect U.S. Route 41 (US 41 or SR 45), Interstate 275 (SR 93), and US 41 Business (US 41 Bus. or SR 685).  Despite its odd-numbered Florida Department of Transportation designation, SR 579 is signed east–west.

Florida Department of Transportation
The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) is a decentralized agency charged with the establishment, maintenance, and regulation of public transportation in the U.S. state of Florida. The department was formed in 1969. It absorbed the powers of the State Road Department (SRD).  The current Secretary of Transportation is Jared W. Perdue.
South Whizz Dome
South Whizz Dome is a granite dome in the Tuolumne Meadows area of Yosemite National Park. South Whizz Dome is a bit south, of Cathedral Creek, which has its source, near Cathedral Peak. South Whizz Dome Dome is north of both Medlicott Dome and Pywiack Dome, both of which are south of California State Route 120, which runs through Tuolumne Meadows to Tioga Pass. It is near Hammer Dome, also, Daff Dome and Polly Dome are nearby.

Granite dome
Granite domes are domical hills composed of granite with bare rock exposed over most of the surface. Generally, domical features such as these are known as bornhardts. Bornhardts can form in any type of plutonic rock but are typically composed of granite and granitic gneiss. As granitic plutons cool kilometers below the Earth's surface, minerals in the rock crystallize under uniform confining pressure. Erosion brings the rock closer to Earth's surface and the pressure from above the rock decreases; as a result the rock fractures. These fractures are known as exfoliation joints, or sheet fractures, and form in onionlike patterns that are parallel to the land surface. These sheets of rock peel off the exposed surface and in certain conditions develop domical structures. Additional theories on the origin of granite domes involve scarp-retreat and tectonic uplift.
Güzelhisar Dam
Güzelhisar Dam is a dam in İzmir Province, Turkey, built between 1975 and 1981. The development was backed by the Turkish State Hydraulic Works.

In January 2023, a severe drought hit Turkey's 3rd-largest city İzmir, resulting in decreasing water levels in major dams and water occupancy rate of the Güzelhisar Dam decreases from 66.38% to 60.84%.

İzmir Province
İzmir Province (Turkish: İzmir ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey in western Anatolia, situated along the Aegean coast. Its capital is the city of İzmir, which is in itself composed of the province's central 11 districts out of 30 in total. To the west, it is surrounded by the Aegean Sea, and it encloses the Gulf of Izmir. Its area is 11,891 square kilometres (4,591 square miles), and its population is 4,462,056 (2022). Neighboring provinces are Balıkesir to the north, Manisa to the east, and Aydın to the south. The traffic code of the province is 35.

Major rivers of the province include the Küçük Menderes river, Koca Çay (with Güzelhisar dam), and Bakırçay.
Naboth Winsor
Naboth Winsor (October 5, 1916 – June 1997) was born to Robert Stewart Winsor and Jane (Butt) Winsor, on Winsor's Island, one of the islands comprising Swain's Island, Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland. Winsor and his family moved to nearby Wesleyville when he was four years old. Winsor received a Bachelor of Arts Degree, the Degree of Master of Divinity, and a Master of Arts Degree. He was an Ordained United Church Minister, and later, an author. Winsor was a United Church Minister for forty-four years, and he wrote several books on certain aspects of Newfoundland History, primarily on areas in Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland.

Wesleyville, Newfoundland and Labrador
Wesleyville is a small coastal community in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is located on the Straight Shore of Bonavista Bay, on the northeast coast of Newfoundland, near the communities of Greenspond and Newtown. It was settled in the early 19th century, when residents relocated from nearby islands.
Once Upon a Lifetime
"Once Upon a Lifetime" is a song written by Gary Baker and Frank J. Myers, and recorded by American country music group Alabama. It was released in December 1992 as the third single from their  album American Pride. The song reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in March 1993.

American Pride (album)
American Pride is the fourteenth studio album by American country music band Alabama, released on August 11, 1992, by RCA Nashville. It included the singles "I'm in a Hurry (And Don't Know Why)", "Take a Little Trip", "Hometown Honeymoon" and "Once Upon a Lifetime". "I'm in a Hurry" was a Number One hit for the band, while the other singles all reached the Top Five on the U.S. Billboard country charts. "Between the Two of Them" was later released as a single by Tanya Tucker from her 1994 album Fire to Fire.

Brian Mansfield of Allmusic rated the album three stars out of five, saying that it did not have any "surprises". The album was their first not to hit the Top 10 of Billboard Country Albums chart and peaked at No. 11. It ranked at No. 46 on the Billboard 200.
Nephat Kinyanjui
Nephat Ngotho Kinyanjui (born 30 June 1977, in Miharati, Central Province) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who competes in road running events including the marathon. He is a three-time champion at the Nagano Olympic Commemorative Marathon and has also won marathons in Nashville, Dallas, and Beijing. He set his personal best of 2:08:09 hours at the latter race.

Central Province (Kenya)
The Central Province (Swahili: Kati, Gikuyu: Gichigo gia Gatagati) was a region in central Kenya until 2013, when Kenya's provinces were replaced by a system of counties. It covered an area of 11,449 km2 (4,420 sq mi) and was located to the north of Nairobi and west of Mount Kenya (see maps). The province had 4,383,743 inhabitants according to the 2009 census. The provincial headquarters was Nyeri.

Central Province was the ancestral home of the Gikuyu people.
Nguyễn Mạnh Tuấn
Nguyễn Mạnh Tuấn (born 6 June 1947) is a Vietnamese former swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He was also the flag bearer for the Vietnamese team. He is from Thái Bình Province.

Standard-bearer
A standard-bearer, also known as a colour-bearer or flag-bearer, is a person who bears an emblem known as a standard or military colours, i.e. either a type of flag or an inflexible but mobile image, which is used (and often honoured) as a formal, visual symbol of a state, prince, military unit, etc. This can either be an occasional duty, often seen as an honour (especially on parade), or a permanent charge (also on the battlefield); the second type has even led in certain cases to this task being reflected in official rank titles such as Chorąży, Ensign, Cornet, Fähnrich and Alferes/Alférez.
Harry Daft
Harry Butler Daft (5 April 1866 – 12 January 1945) was an English footballer who played for Notts County, with whom he won the FA Cup in 1894, as well as making five appearances as a left winger for the national side. He was also an accomplished first-class cricketer, playing 200 matches for Nottinghamshire between 1885 and 1899.

Trent Bridge
Trent Bridge Cricket Ground is a cricket ground mostly used for Test, One-Day International and county cricket located in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, England, just across the River Trent from the city of Nottingham. Trent Bridge is also the headquarters of Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club. As well as international cricket and Nottinghamshire's home games, the ground has hosted the Finals Day of the Twenty20 Cup twice and has hosted One-Day Cup since 2021.

In 2009, the ground was used for the ICC World Twenty20 and hosted the semi-final between South Africa and Pakistan. The site takes its name from the nearby main bridge over the Trent and it is also close to Meadow Lane and the City Ground, the football stadiums of Notts County and Nottingham Forest respectively.
Dutch Neck Crossroads, Delaware
Dutch Neck Crossroads is an unincorporated community in Kent County, Delaware, United States. Dutch Neck Crossroads is located on Delaware Route 9, 4.9 miles (7.9 km) east of Smyrna. The Allee House, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is located in Dutch Neck Crossroads.

Smyrna, Delaware
Smyrna is a town in Kent and New Castle counties in the U.S. state of Delaware. It is part of the Dover metropolitan statistical area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2020, the population of the town is 12,883.

The international jurist John Bassett Moore was born in Smyrna, as were politicians Louis McLane and James Williams.
Amy Chua
Amy Lynn Chua (Chinese: 蔡美儿; born October 26, 1962) is an American legal scholar, corporate lawyer, and writer. She is the John M. Duff Jr. Professor of Law at Yale Law School with an expertise in international business transactions, law and development, ethnic conflict, and globalization. She joined the Yale faculty in 2001 after teaching at Duke Law School for seven years. Prior to teaching, she was a corporate law associate at Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton.

Chua is also known for her parenting memoir Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother. In 2011, she was named one of Time magazine's 100 most influential people, one of The Atlantic's Brave Thinkers, and one of Foreign Policy's Global Thinkers.

Duke University School of Law
The Duke University School of Law is the law school of Duke University, a private university in Durham, North Carolina.

The school is a constituent academic unit that began in 1868 as the Trinity College School of Law. In 1924, following the renaming of Trinity College to Duke University, the school was renamed Duke University School of Law.
Cryptophasa psilocrossa
Cryptophasa psilocrossa is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1902. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.

The wingspan is about 35 mm. The forewings are ochreous brown with five blackish dots in the disc, the first in the disc beyond one-third and the second in the disc at two-thirds. The third is found before and beneath the second and the fourth and fifth are close together, above and beneath the fold, equidistant from the tarsi and the third. There is an interrupted blackish line on the lower two-thirds of the hindmargin. The hindwings are dark fuscous with a narrow strip denuded of scales from the apex along the apical half of hindmargin.

The larvae feed on Eucalyptus species.

Alfred Jefferis Turner
Alfred Jefferis Turner (3 October 1861 in Canton – 29 December 1947 in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) was a pediatrician and amateur entomologist. He was the son of missionary Frederick Storrs-Turner. He introduced the use of diphtheria antitoxin to Australia in 1895, and resided in Dauphin Terrace, Highgate Hill, Brisbane.

The Jefferis Turner Centre for mothercraft was opened in 1952 as part of the Queensland Government's Maternal and Child Welfare program. In 1986, its role was changed to provide short-term respite care for intellectually disabled children. It is located in the heritage building Fairy Knoll in Ipswich.
Verdingkinder
Verdingkinder, Verdingsbuben, "contract children", or "indentured child laborers" were children in Switzerland who were removed from their families by the authorities due to poverty or moral reasons (e.g. the mother being unmarried, very poor, of Yenish origin, neglect, etc.), and placed in foster families, often poor farmers who needed cheap labour. In the early 2000s, many of these children, by then adults, publicly stated that they had been severely mistreated by their foster families, suffering neglect, beatings and other physical and psychological abuse. The Verdingkinder scheme was common in Switzerland from the 1800's until the 1960's.

Psychological abuse
Psychological abuse, often known as emotional abuse or mental abuse, is a form of abuse characterized by a person knowingly or intentionally exposing another person to a behavior that results in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, clinical depression or post-traumatic stress disorder amongst other psychological reactions.

It is often associated with situations of controlling behavior in abusive relationships, and may include bullying, gaslighting, abuse in the workplace, amongst other behaviors that may cause an individual to feel unsafe.
Baarbu
Baarbu (Arabic: بعربو)  is a Syrian village located in Khan Shaykhun Nahiyah in Maarrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Baarbu had a population of 954 in the 2004 census.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Whitehills F.C.
Whitehills Football Club (also known as The Hills) are a Scottish football club from the village of Whitehills, near Banff, Aberdeenshire. Members of the Scottish Junior Football Association North Region, they currently play in the SJFA North Championship.

In July 2022 the club took a year of abeyance but would return a year later to the junior level, competing in the 2023–24 SJFA North Championship.

Banff, Aberdeenshire
Banff (Scottish Gaelic: Banbh) is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Deveron. It is a former royal burgh, and is the county town of the historic county of Banffshire.
Madeleine Sherwood
Madeleine Sherwood (born Madeleine Louise Hélène Thornton; November 13, 1922 – April 23, 2016) was a Canadian actress of stage, film and television. She portrayed Mae/Sister Woman and Miss Lucy in both the Broadway and film versions of Tennessee Williams' Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and Sweet Bird of Youth, and starred or featured in 18 original Broadway productions including Arturo Ui, Do I Hear a Waltz? and The Crucible. In 1963 she won an Obie Award for Best Actress for her performance in Hey You, Light Man! Off-Broadway. In television, she played Reverend Mother Placido to Sally Field's Sister Bertrille in The Flying Nun (1967–70).

Obie Award for Distinguished Performance by an Actress
The Obie Award for Distinguished Performance by an Actress is an annual award presented jointly by The Village Voice and the American Theatre Wing in recognition of achievements in Off-Broadway and Off-Off-Broadway theatre productions in New York City. The awards were established in 1956 by The Village Voice.

The award has no nominees and there is no set number of winners per year. Each performance listed by year below was given an award and they are listed in no particular order. The award can be for a lead or supporting performance and in a play or musical, and can recognize an actress for collective performances in more than one production during the same season. On occasion, the Obie Awards committee will give an actress an award "for sustained excellence of performance", recognizing their ongoing contributions.

In 2014, Sydney Lucas became the youngest winner in Obie history, at age 10.
Daviesia pauciflora
Daviesia pauciflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is an open shrub with many stems, flattened, linear phyllodes, and mostly yellow flowers with red, orange and dull brownish markings.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase
In enzymology, an aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase (EC 1.14.17.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + ascorbate + O2  ethylene + cyanide + dehydroascorbate + CO2 + 2 H2O

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, ascorbate, and O2, whereas its 5 products are ethylene, cyanide, dehydroascorbate, CO2, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxygenase (ethylene-forming). Other names in common use include ACC oxidase, and ethylene-forming enzyme.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.