hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Utah
The 2008 congressional elections in Utah were held on November 4, 2008 to determine the representatives of the state of Utah in the United States House of Representatives for the 111th Congress from January 3, 2009, until their terms of office expire on January 3, 2011. Incumbent Rob Bishop (R) was reelected in Utah's 1st congressional district. Incumbent Jim Matheson (D) was reelected in Utah's 2nd congressional district. Jason Chaffetz (R) was elected to succeed Chris Cannon (R) in Utah's 3rd congressional district.

Utah has three seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms. The election coincided with the 2008 U.S. presidential election.

Utah County, Utah
Utah County is the second-most populous county in the U.S. state of Utah. The county seat and largest city is Provo, which is the state's fourth-largest city, and the largest outside of Salt Lake County. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 659,399.

Utah County is one of two counties forming the Provo-Orem metropolitan area, and is part of the larger Salt Lake City metropolitan area. In 2020, the center of population of Utah was in Utah County, in the city of Saratoga Springs.

Utah County is one of the fastest-growing counties in the United States, ranking among the top ten counties in numerical growth. Correspondingly, Provo–Orem is among the top eight metropolitan areas by percentage growth in the country.

Utah County is one of seven counties in the United States to have the same name as its state. The other six counties are Arkansas County, Hawaii County, Idaho County, Iowa County, Oklahoma County and New York County (commonly known as Manhattan).
2017 Amarnath Yatra massacre
On 10 July 2017, the first Monday of the month of Shraavana, 8 Hindu civilian pilgrims (seven of whom were women), en route from Amarnath Temple in Kashmir Valley (Jammu and Kashmir), were killed in an Islamist terror attack. The pilgrims mostly belonged to the Indian state of Gujarat. At least 19 others were injured in the attack.

Khanabal
Khanabal is a small town located in Anantnag District's Anantnag City. The main National Highway of Kashmir passes through it. It is the center for Anantnag City's Railway Station.
Khanabal is situated on both banks of the Jehlum River. The part on the western bank is called Dak Banglow Khanabal, and the part on the eastern bank is called Khanabal Bazaar. The oldest college of the district, Govt. Degree College, Anantnag, is situated on the western bank of the Jehlum River near Dak Banglow Khanabal. Besides, Dak Banglow is an army cantonment area and has a housing colony for the district administrative officers of the police. The district police lines and the office of SSP Anantnag is also situated at Khanabal. Besides the college, Khanabal has a Govt. Higher Secondary School and an army goodwill school run by the Indian Army.

The adjacent villages/mohalas of Khanabal are Batapora, Lidder Mattoo, Gurpora, Mirgund, Nandapora, Nathpora, Dagapora, Batengoo and Uranhall.
Maine Nordiques
The Maine Nordiques were a professional ice hockey team that operated within the North American Hockey League from 1973 to 1977. They were based at the Central Maine Youth Center in Lewiston, Maine.  The Nordiques served as a farm club for the Quebec Nordiques of the World Hockey Association.

Michel Harvey
Michel Harvey (January 31, 1937 – 12 February 2017) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and coach.

During the 1972–73 season, Harvey played 40 games in the World Hockey Association with the Quebec Nordiques.
Cotija de la Paz
Cotija is a municipality in the Mexican state of Michoacán. The municipality has an area of 504.05 km2 (0.91% of the surface of the state), and is bordered to the north by Jiquilpan and Villamar, to the east by Tocumbo, and to south by the state of Jalisco. The municipality had a population of 18,207 inhabitants according to the 2005 census. Its municipal seat is the city of Cotija de la Paz (pop. 12,453).

Cotija is the birthplace of several religious figures, including Saint Rafael Guízar Valencia and Father Marcial Maciel. The economy of the municipality is mostly based on agriculture and ranching. Cotija cheese is named after the city.

In 2023, Cotija was designated a Pueblo Mágico by the Mexican government, recognizing its cultural and historical importance.

Rafael Guízar y Valencia
Rafael Guízar y Valencia (16 April 1878 – 6 June 1938) was a Mexican bishop of the Roman Catholic Church who was persecuted during the Mexican Revolution. Named Bishop of Xalapa in 1919, he was driven out of his diocese and forced to live the remainder of his life in hiding in Mexico City. Pope Benedict XVI canonized Guízar on 15 October 2006.
Siege of Milan (452)
The siege and capture of Milan was one of the episodes of the Hun wars fought in Italy. It was carried out by Attila and his Huns in 452, it resulted in the victory of the barbarians and the destruction of Milan. Milan, then called Mediolanum, had been the capital of the Western Roman Empire until 402 AD.

Mediolanum
Mediolanum, the ancient city where Milan now stands, was originally an Insubrian city, but afterwards became an important Roman city in Northern Italy.

The city was settled by a Celtic tribe belonging to the Insubres group and belonging to the Golasecca culture under the name Medhelanon around 590 BC, conquered by the Romans in 222 BC, who Latinized the name of the city into Mediolanum, and developed into a key centre of Western Christianity and informal capital of the Western Roman Empire. It declined under the ravages of the Gothic War, its capture by the Lombards in 569, and their decision to make Ticinum the capital of their Kingdom of Italy.

During the Principate the population was 40,000 in AD 200; when the city became capital of the Western Roman Empire under emperor Maximian (r. 286–305), the population rose to 100,000 people and thus Milan became one of the largest cities in Roman Italy.
Hunsonby
Hunsonby is a village and civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England, 7 miles (11 km) north east of Penrith. The parish is located 28 miles (45 km) south east of the city of Carlisle. Within the parish is the ancient stone circle of Long Meg and Her Daughters but not the nearby standing stone of Little Meg which is located near Langwathby. In 2011 the Census reported the parish to have a total population of 388.

In 1870–72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Hunsonby (and Winskill) as:

"Hunsonby and Winskel, a township in Addingham parish, Cumberland; on a branch of the river Eden, 4 miles SSE of Kirkoswald. Real property, £1,690. Pop., 208. Houses, 38. There is a Wesleyan chapel."

John Marius Wilson
John Marius Wilson (c. 1805–1885) was a British writer and an editor, most notable for his gazetteers. The Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (published 1870–1872), was a substantial topographical dictionary in six volumes. It was a companion to his Imperial Gazetteer of Scotland, published 1854–1857.

He was born in Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, in about 1805, and was ordained as a Congregationalist minister, working for a time in County Galway, Ireland. From the late 1840s onwards, he devoted himself to writing and editing, living in Edinburgh, where he died in 1885, aged 80.
Il cappello di paglia di Firenze
Il cappello di paglia di Firenze (The Florentine Straw Hat, usually titled in English language productions as The Italian Straw Hat) is an opera by Nino Rota to an Italian-language libretto by the composer and his mother, Ernesta Rota Rinaldi, based on the play Un chapeau de paille d'Italie by Eugène Labiche and Marc-Michel.

The opera premièred at the Teatro Massimo, Palermo, on 21 April 1955. The first performance in the United States was at the Santa Fe Opera in 1977, with Ragnar Ulfung as Fadinard, Ashley Putnam as Elena, Kathryn Day as Anaide, and Stephen Dickson as Emilio. The first New York City performance, starring Vincenzo Manno as Fadinard, took place in 1978. More recently, the opera was performed at the 2013 Wexford Festival, in Graz Opera in 2023, and at La Scala de Milán, 2024.

Marc-Michel
Marc-Antoine-Amédée Michel, known as Marc-Michel (22 July 1812 in Marseille – 12 March 1868 in Paris) was a French poet, playwright and journalist. He is perhaps best known today for the 1851 farce he co-wrote with Eugène Marin Labiche, The Italian Straw Hat, since then adapted many times to stage and screen.
Arrondissement of Chinon
The arrondissement of Chinon is an arrondissement of France in the Indre-et-Loire department in the Centre-Val de Loire region. It has 106 communes. Its population is 103,540 (2021), and its area is 2,296.5 km2 (886.7 sq mi).

Indre-et-Loire
Indre-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃.dʁ‿e.lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in west-central France named after the Indre River and Loire River. In 2019, it had a population of 610,079. Sometimes referred to as Touraine, the name of the historic region, it is nowadays part of the Centre-Val de Loire region. Its prefecture is Tours and subprefectures are Chinon and Loches. Indre-et-Loire is a touristic destination for its numerous monuments that are part of the Châteaux of the Loire Valley.
Charles Abel Heurtley
Charles Abel Heurtley (b Bishopwearmouth 4 January 1806; d Christ Church, Oxford 1 May 1895) was an English theologian.

Heurtley was educated at Louth Grammar School and Corpus Christi College, Oxford, of which college he was a Fellow from 1832 to 1841 when he became Rector of Fenny Compton. He was Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at Oxford from 1853 until his death.

He married Jane Harrison, the daughter of Reverend William Bagshaw and Charlotte Harrison in 1844. They had one son and three daughters: Charles, Jane, Ellen and Frances.

Heurtley's son, also named Charles Abel Heurtley, followed him into the church and became vicar of Ashington, West Sussex. The younger Charles Heurtley's son, Walter Abel Heurtley, became a classical archaeologist.

His daughter Jane married Sydney Linton, Bishop of Riverina.

Ashington, West Sussex
Ashington is a village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It lies on the A24 road 3 miles (4.8 km) north-east of Storrington.

The parish has a land area of 805 hectares (1,990 acres). In the 2001 census 2351 people lived in 905 households, of whom 1286 were economically active. The 2011 Census population was 2,526
Kaarlo Edvard Kivekäs
Kaarlo Edvard Kivekäs (6 December 1866, in Valkeala – 19 February 1940, in Hämeenlinna; original name Karl Edvard Backman until 1880) was a Finnish general. Educated at Hamina Cadet School (1886–1890), he served in the Russian army from 1890 on, in the Pamir area, under the command of, M.E. Ionova, the leader of a Russian Expedition in 1893, he was fluent in Shughni, Tajik, Uzbek, and Kyrgyz, and reportedly understanding of the traditions and cultures of the people of the Pamir area, who purportedly held him in high regard, ending his service there as a Lieutenant Colonel on October 13, 1908, and later Kivekäs served in World War I, becoming a Major General on September 23, 1916. After the Finnish Civil War, he returned to Finland, being accepted as a Major General sometime around 1918. He also was the Chief of Defence of the Finnish Defence Forces in 1919. Kivekäs is the recipient of the Latvian military Order of Lāčplēsis, 2nd class.

Chief of Defence (Finland)
The Chief of Defence (Finnish: Puolustusvoimain komentaja, Swedish: Kommendören för försvarsmakten lit. 'Commander of the Defence Forces') is the chief of defence and commander of the Finnish Defence Forces, under the authority of the President of Finland.

The Chief of Defence commands the Finnish Army, the Finnish Air Force, the Finnish Navy and is assisted by the Defence Command. He is the highest-ranking officer of the forces (Admiral or General) and his deputy is the Chief of Staff of the Defence Command (Finnish: pääesikunnan päällikkö).

The current Chief of Defence is General Janne Jaakkola.
Deaths in August 2020
The following is a list of notable deaths in August 2020.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Women's suffrage in New Mexico
The fight for women's suffrage in New Mexico was incremental and had the support of both Hispanic and Anglo women suffragists. When New Mexico was a territory, women had the right to vote in school board elections. When New Mexico created its state constitution in 1910, it continued to allow women to vote in school elections, but it was nearly impossible to modify the constitution for suffrage any further. Women in the state chose to pursue advocating for a federal women's suffrage amendment. They organized among both English and Spanish speaking groups. Many New Mexico politicians supported suffrage on a federal level. Continued advocacy on behalf of suffragists in the state allowed New Mexico to become the 32nd state to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment on February 21, 1920.

Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
The Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage was an American organization formed in 1913 led by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns to campaign for a constitutional amendment guaranteeing women's suffrage. It was inspired by the United Kingdom's suffragette movement, which Paul and Burns had taken part in. Their continuous campaigning drew attention from congressmen, and in 1914 they were successful in forcing the amendment onto the floor for the first time in decades.
1893 New York state election
The 1893 New York state election was held on November 7, 1893, to elect the Secretary of State, the State Comptroller, the Attorney General, the State Treasurer, the State Engineer and a judge of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate, and delegates to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1894.

New York Court of Appeals
The New York Court of Appeals is the highest court in the Unified Court System of the State of New York. It consists of seven judges: the chief judge and six associate judges, who are appointed by the governor and confirmed by the state senate to 14-year terms. The chief judge of the Court of Appeals also heads administration of the state's court system, and thus is also known as the chief judge of the State of New York. The Court of Appeals was founded in 1847 and is located in the New York Court of Appeals Building in Albany, New York.
Starović
Starović (Serbian: Старовић) is a Serbian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Milica Starović (born 1988), Serbian sprint canoer

Sanja Starović (born 1983), Serbian volleyball player

Saša Starović (born 1988), Serbian volleyball player, brother of Sanja

Milica Novaković
Milica Novaković (née Starović; Serbian Cyrillic: Милица Новаковић, née Старовић; born 19 May 1988 in Novi Sad) is a Serbian female sprint canoer.

She represented Serbia at the 2016 and at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Starović won gold medal at the 2015 European Games in K-2 500 m with Dalma Ružičić-Benedek.
Primary National Strategy
The Primary National Strategy document was launched in the UK in May 2003 by Charles Clarke, the Secretary of State for Education. The then-existing  National Numeracy Strategy and National Literacy Strategy were taken under the umbrella of the Primary National Strategy.

In September 2006, the frameworks for teaching literacy and mathematics were "renewed" and issued in electronic form as the Primary Framework for literacy and mathematics.

Secretary of State for Education
The secretary of state for education, also referred to as the education secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, responsible for the work of the Department for Education, mainly overseeing education in England. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. As education is fully devolved to the Scottish Government, Welsh Government and Northern Ireland Executive, the post holder has no jurisdiction or influence in education policy or direction in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

The office holder works alongside the other Education ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for education, and the work of the secretary of state is also scrutinised by the Education Select Committee.

The current education secretary is Bridget Phillipson.
Kazakhstan Handball Federation
The Kazakhstan Handball Federation (Kazakh: Қазақстандық гандбол федерациясы; KHF) is the administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball in Republic of Kazakhstan. KHF is a member of the Asian Handball Federation (AHF) and member of the International Handball Federation (IHF) since 1992.

Beach handball
Beach handball is a team sport where two teams pass and bounce or roll a ball, trying to throw it in the goal of the opposing team. The game is similar to standard handball, but it is played on sand instead of on a solid floor. Because the ball loses most of its bounce on sand, there is little to no dribbling, and players instead perform more passing as the rules of travelling still apply.
Plasma polymerization
Plasma polymerization (or glow discharge polymerization) uses plasma sources to generate a gas discharge that provides energy to activate or fragment gaseous or liquid monomer, often containing a vinyl group, in order to initiate polymerization. Polymers formed from this technique are generally highly branched and highly cross-linked, and adhere to solid surfaces well. The biggest advantage to this process is that polymers can be directly attached to a desired surface while the chains are growing, which reduces steps necessary for other coating processes such as grafting. This is very useful for pinhole-free coatings of 100 picometers to 1-micrometer thickness with solvent insoluble polymers.

Vinyl group
In organic chemistry, a vinyl group (abbr. Vi; IUPAC name: ethenyl group) is a functional group with the formula −CH=CH2.  It is the ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) molecule (H2C=CH2) with one fewer hydrogen atom.  The name is also used for any compound containing that group, namely R−CH=CH2 where R is any other group of atoms.

An industrially important example is vinyl chloride, precursor to PVC, a plastic commonly known as vinyl.

Vinyl is one of the alkenyl functional groups. On a carbon skeleton, sp2-hybridized carbons or positions are often called vinylic. Allyls, acrylates and styrenics contain vinyl groups. (A styrenic crosslinker with two vinyl groups is called divinyl benzene.)
Zanthoxylum leprieurii
Zanthoxylum leprieurii is a low branching medium-sized tree of the Rutaceae family. It can reach 24 m (79 ft) in height and up to 40 cm (16 in) in diameter. Some parts of the plant are used in African folk medicine.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Saint-Offenge-Dessus
Saint-Offenge-Dessus (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿ɔfɑ̃ʒ dəsy], "Upper Saint-Offenge"; Savoyard: Sant-Ofinzho-dsu) is a former commune in the Savoie department in the Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. On 1 January 2015, Saint-Offenge-Dessus and Saint-Offenge-Dessous merged becoming one commune called Saint-Offenge.

Savoie
Savoie (French pronunciation: [savwa]; Arpitan: Savouè or Savouè-d'Avâl, lit. 'Lower Savoy'; Italian: Savoia; Occitan: Savòia; English: Savoy, /səˈvɔɪ/) is a department in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. Located in the French Alps, its prefecture is Chambéry. In 2019, Savoie had a population of 436,434.

Together with Haute-Savoie, it is one of the two departments of the historical region of Savoy; the Duchy of Savoy was annexed by France in 1860, following the signing of the Treaty of Turin. The area is known for its numerous ski resorts and contribution to French cuisine, with culinary specialities such as fondue savoyarde, tartiflette, génépi, as well as various sorts of saucisson.
Peter Shilton's Handball Maradona
Peter Shilton's Handball Maradona (referred to in title as Peter Shilton's Football) is a multiplatform association football simulation video game that was released in 1986 for the Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64 and ZX Spectrum. The game's title refers to the "hand of God" goal scored by Diego Maradona against England at the 1986 FIFA World Cup.

The hand of God
"The Hand of God" (Spanish: La mano de Dios) is the name given to the opening goal awarded to Argentine footballer Diego Maradona during Argentina's victory over England at the 1986 FIFA World Cup. The goal, which was illegal under association football rules, was allowed to stand because none of the match referees had a clear view of Maradona using his left hand to score. Four minutes after the goal gave Argentina a 1–0 lead in the quarter-final game, Maradona scored a second goal known as the "Goal of the Century". Argentina won the match 2–1 en route to winning their second World Cup.

The goal's name derives from Maradona's initial response on whether he scored it legally, stating it was made "a little with the head of Maradona, and a little with the hand of God". In time, Maradona acknowledged he had illegally handled the ball, stating that he considered the goal to be "symbolic revenge" for Argentina's defeat by the United Kingdom in the 1982 Falklands War.