hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Uc de Lescura
Uc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The Lescura of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls "emperor") and in Catalonia.

Uc's only existing work is a sirventes, "De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal", that begins with a gab proclaiming his superiority to eight of his contemporary troubadours: Peire Vidal, Albertet de Sestaro, Perdigon, and Aimeric de Peguilhan, as well as the otherwise unknown Arnaut Romieu, Gualaubert, and Pelardit. The rest of the poem is a ferocious attack on the morals of the baronage in the manner of Marcabru. The rime, metre, and melody of the work are copied entirely from a work of Peire Vidal, "Anc no mori per amor ni per al".

Ariège (department)
Ariège (French pronunciation: [aʁjɛʒ] ⓘ; Occitan: Arièja [aɾiˈɛdʒɔ]) is a department in southwestern France, located in the region of Occitanie. It is named after the river Ariège and its capital is Foix. Ariège is known for its rural landscape, with a population of 153,287 as of 2019. Its INSEE and postal code is 09. The inhabitants of the department are known as Ariègeois or Ariègeoises.
Komorniki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Komorniki [kɔmɔrˈniki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Działdowo, within Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located in the historic region of Masuria.

During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), the Komorniki forest was the site of massacres of Poles from the Soldau concentration camp, committed by the occupiers from December 1939 to May 1940 (see Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).

Działdowo County
Działdowo County (Polish: powiat działdowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Działdowo, which lies 65 kilometres (40 mi) south of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Lidzbark, lying 25 km (16 mi) west of Działdowo. (This should not be confused with Lidzbark Warmiński, another town in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, which is the seat of Lidzbark County.)

The county covers an area of 953.18 square kilometres (368.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 65,288, out of which the population of Działdowo is 21,279, that of Lidzbark is 7,794, and the rural population is 36,215.
Tickford
Tickford is an automobile engineering and testing business in Newport Pagnell, Buckinghamshire, known for tuning and such products as the 140 mph Tickford Turbo Capri.

Under the name Salmons & Sons and their Tickford products the firm has an almost two century-long history of coachbuilding.

Newport Pagnell
Newport Pagnell is a town and civil parish in the City of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. The Office for National Statistics records Newport Pagnell as part of the Milton Keynes urban area.

The town is separated from the rest of the urban area by the M1 motorway, on which Newport Pagnell Services, the second service station to be opened in the United Kingdom, is located.

The town is more widely known for having the only remaining vellum manufacturer in the United Kingdom, and being the original home of the exclusive sports car manufacturer Aston Martin.
Coleophora hospitiella
Coleophora hospitiella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found on the Canary Islands (Tenerife, La Gomera, Fuerteventura), North Africa (including Libya and Tunisia), Saudi Arabia, Iran, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.

The larvae feed on Medicago laciniata.

Coleophoridae
The Coleophoridae are a family of small moths, belonging to the huge superfamily Gelechioidea. Collectively known as case-bearers, casebearing moths or case moths, this family is represented on all continents, but the majority are found in temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. They are most common in the Palearctic, and rare in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, and Australia; consequently, they probably originated (like most or all other Gelechioidea families) in northern Eurasia. They are relatively common in houses, they seek out moist areas to rest and procreate.
Wojciech Kułach
Wojciech Kułach, known as Wawrzyńcok (born March 24, 1812, in Gliczarów, died December 23, 1897) was a Polish folk sculptor active in the Podhale region in the 19th century. He worked with wood, stone, and metal.

In the year 1840, he created a bust for the monument to Archduke Franz Karl of Austria in a competition, for which he received the first prize.

He was nicknamed the "Leonardo da Vinci of Gliczarów." Kułach's sketches can be viewed in Gliczarów Górny in the memorial room of Andrzej Skupień Florek.

Podhale
Podhale (Polish pronunciation: [pɔtˈxalɛ] ⓘ; lit. 'below the mountain pastures'), sometimes referred to as the Polish Highlands, is Poland's southernmost region. The Podhale is located in the foothills of the Tatra range of the Carpathian Mountains. It is the most famous region of the Goral Lands which are a network of historical regions inhabited by Gorals.
Józef Jeżowski
Józef Jeżowski (1793–1855) was a Polish classical philologist, poet, translator, founding member and former president of the Philomatic Association. He was a friend of Adam Mickiewicz and Tomasz Zan.

Józef graduated from high school in Uman, and studied classical philology at the Vilnius Imperial University. In 1824, he was convicted by the Russian Empire activity for pro-Polish activity and exiled into Russia. At 1829, he was allowed to lecture at Kazan State University as a professor, and later at Moscow University.

Around 1821 to 1823, he published the poem Horace: More Apt Odes with Explanations, in Vilnius, Lithuania. He also published Horatius' Ode More Accurate in 1824, and Homer's Odyssey (in Latin) with annotations in 1828, both books also being published in Vilnius, Lithuania.

Having returned from exile, he settled in Kaniv, Ukraine.

Uman
Uman (Ukrainian: Умань, IPA: [ˈumɐnʲ] ⓘ, Polish: Humań, Yiddish: אומאַן) is a city in Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine. It is located to the east of Vinnytsia. Located in the east of the historical region of Podolia, the city rests on the banks of the Umanka River. Uman serves as the administrative center of Uman Raion (district). It hosts the administration of Uman urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 81,525 (2022 estimate).

Among Ukrainians, Uman is known for its mention in Taras Shevchenko's longest poem, Haidamaky ("The Haidamaks", 1841). The city is also a pilgrimage site for Breslov Hasidic Jews and a major center of gardening research containing the dendrological park Sofiyivka and the University of Gardening.

Uman (Humań) was a privately owned city of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Mohamed Zainuddin Juvale
Mohamed Zainuddin Juvale, popularly known as Captain Fakir Mohamed Zainuddin Juvale, was an Indian naval captain and one of the pioneers of the trade from the Konkan region in the western Indian state of Maharashtra. Born on 10 January 1890 in a Konkani Muslim family, Juvale had only primary education and started his career as a Khalasi (sailor) in a merchant ship. Over the years, he rose in ranks to become the captain of the vessel, reportedly the only Indian to achieve the feat.

After retirement, Juvale founded the first nautical school in India, Kokan Nautical School, in 1923 at Dongri, Mumbai for imparting sea man training to Konkan youth. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest Indian civilian honour of Padma Shri in 1981. The Shipping Corporation of India named one of their supply ships in his honour as M. V. Capt FM Juvale in 1998. He documented his life in an autobiography, The Ebbs and Flows of My Marine Life which is written in Marathi.

India portal

Shipping Corporation of India
The Shipping Corporation of India (SCI) is an Indian  public sector undertaking  that operates and manages vessels servicing both national and international lines. It is under the ownership of the Government of India and under administrative control of the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, with its headquarters in Mumbai.
Sanjak of Ankara
The Sanjak of Ankara was a second-level province (sanjak) of the Ottoman Empire.

The town of Ankara became part of the Ottoman state in 1361 or perhaps in 1354. It was the first capital (pasha sanjak) of the Anatolia Eyalet from its formation in the late 14th century until the late 15th century, when it was moved to Kütahya. The sanjak of Ankara remained part of Anatolia Eyalet until the latter's dissolution ca. 1841–46, when it became the seat of the new Ankara Eyalet. This was merged into the Bozok Eyalet in 1849, but Ankara remained the capital, and after 1852 the province was once more known as the Ankara Eyalet, and after 1867 as the Ankara Vilayet.

In 1912, the sanjak of Ankara comprised the districts (kazas) of Ankara proper, Ayaş, Beypazarı, Nallıhan, Mihalıççık, Sivrihisar, Haymana, Bala, Yabanabad and Kalecik.

Mihalıççık
Mihalıççık, also Mihalıçcık (English: Micalizo, sometimes Mihaliccik), is a municipality and district of Eskişehir Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,809 km2, and its population is 7,659 (2022). The elevation is 1,305 m (4,281 ft).
V with curl
ⱴ (lowercase only) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the phonetic transcription of African languages to represent a labiodental flap. Although not an approved symbol of the International Phonetic Alphabet, it had been widely used to represent this sound. In 2005, the symbol right-hook v, ⱱ, was added to the IPA to represent the sound.

Phonetic transcription
Phonetic transcription (also known as phonetic alphabet, phonetic script or phonetic notation) is the visual representation of speech sounds (or phonetics) by means of symbols. The most common type of phonetic transcription uses a phonetic alphabet, such as the International Phonetic Alphabet.
Tricholoma primulibrunneum
Tricholoma primulibrunneum is an agaric fungus in the family Tricholomataceae. Found in Sabah, Malaysia, where it grows on humus in Agathis forest, it was described as new to science in 1994 by the English mycologist E. J. H. Corner.

Agaric
An agaric (/ˈæɡərɪk, əˈɡærɪk/) is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. It is a type of mushroom (or toadstool), the diverse group of agarics being lumped together as gilled mushrooms. "Agaric" can also refer more generally to any basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body.
HMS Daffodil
A number of Royal Navy ships have been named Daffodil.

HMS Daffodil (1906), a Mersey ferry requisitioned for the Zeebrugge Raid in 1918

HMS Daffodil (1915) was an Acacia-class sloop launched in 1915 and sold for breaking up in 1935.

HMS Daffodil (1940), former TF3 train ferry converted into a Landing Ship Sternchute (LSS) during World War II and sunk in 1945

HMS Dianella (K07), a Flower-class corvette, was to have been called HMS Daffodil but was renamed on 26 October 1940

Acacia-class sloop
The Acacia class was a class of twenty-four sloops that were ordered in January 1915 under the Emergency War Programme for the Royal Navy in World War I as part of the larger Flower class which were also referred to as the "Cabbage class", or "Herbaceous Borders". They were ordered in two batches, twelve ships on 1 January and another twelve on 12 January, and all were launched within about four or five months, and delivered between May and September 1915. They were used almost entirely for minesweeping until 1917, when they were transferred to escort duty.

They were single-screw fleet sweeping vessels (sloops) with triple hulls at the bows to give extra protection against loss when working.
James Bishop (diplomat)
James Keough Bishop Jr. (born July 21, 1938) is an American Foreign Service Officer, who served as U.S. Ambassador to Niger (1979–81), Liberia (1987-90), and Somalia (1990–91).

Bishop's last ambassadorial posting to Somalia ended in a rescue by the U.S. military in Operation Eastern Exit, when the embassy came under threat as a result of military action in the Somali Civil War.

Foreign Service officer
A Foreign Service officer (FSO) is a commissioned member of the United States Foreign Service. FSOs formulate and implement the foreign policy of the United States. They spend most of their careers overseas as members of U.S. embassies, consulates, and other diplomatic missions, though some receive assignments to serve at combatant commands, Congress, and educational institutions such as the various U.S. service academies.

As of 2021, there were over 8,000 FSOs.
Leo Nimsick
Leo Thomas Nimsick (January 26, 1908 – February 8, 1999) was a political figure in British Columbia. He represented Cranbrook from 1949 to 1966 and Kootenay from 1966 to 1975 in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation and then New Democratic Party member.

He was born in Rossland, British Columbia, the son of Thomas Nimsick and Anna Caesar. In 1934, he married Marie K. Zimmer. Nimsick worked at diamond drilling and dairy farming; he later worked for Cominco for 40 years, retiring in 1968. He served four years as an alderman for Rossland. Nimsick ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the provincial assembly in 1937. He ran for the leadership of the CCF in 1956, coming second to Robert Strachan. Nimsick later served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Mines and Petroleum Resources and as Minister of Travel Industry.

He died in 1999 at the age of 91.

Cranbrook (electoral district)
Cranbrook was the name of a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia centred on the town of Cranbrook in the southern Rockies and including nearby Kimberley and other towns in the southern end of the Rocky Mountain Trench.

Cranbrook riding made its first appearance on the hustings in the election of 1903. In a redistribution after the 1963 election the area covered by this riding was incorporated into the new Kootenay riding (same name but smaller than the original 1871-vintage Kootenay riding).
Nebulae (computer)
Nebulae (Chinese: 星雲) is a petascale supercomputer located at the National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. Built from a Dawning TC3600 Blade system with Intel Xeon X5650 processors and Nvidia Tesla C2050 GPUs, it has a peak performance of 1.271 petaflops using the LINPACK benchmark suite. Nebulae was ranked the second most powerful computer in the world in the June 2010 list of the fastest supercomputers according to TOP500. Nebulae has a theoretical peak performance of 2.9843 petaflops. This computer is used for multiple applications requiring advanced processing capabilities. It is ranked 10th among the June 2012 list of top500.org.

Petascale computing
Petascale computing refers to high-power computing systems capable of performing at least 1 quadrillion (1015) arithmetic, or floating-point operations per second (FLOPS). (Note: FLOPS is a standard metric for supercomputer performance.) These systems are often called petaflops systems and represent a significant leap from traditional supercomputers in terms of raw performance, enabling them to handle vast datasets and complex computations.

Petascale computing typically finds application in large-scale applications like climate and weather modeling, astrophysics simulations, advanced materials design, and realtime medical imaging..
Petrocephalus microphthalmus
Petrocephalus microphthalmus is a species of electric fish in the family Mormyridae, found in the Sanaga River in the north to the more southern Kouilou-Niari River, including the rivers Ntem and Ogowe. It is also found in the middle Congo River basin, downstream up to the lower Congo River near Brazzaville and southwards towards Angola.

Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges–Brahmaputra rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around 220 m (720 ft). The Congo–Lualaba–Luvua–Luapula–Chambeshi River system has an overall length of 4,700 km (2,900 mi), which makes it the world's ninth-longest river. The Chambeshi is a tributary of the Lualaba River, and Lualaba is the name of the Congo River upstream of Boyoma Falls, extending for 1,800 km (1,100 mi).

Measured along with the Lualaba, the main tributary, the Congo River has a total length of 4,370 km (2,720 mi). It is the only major river to cross the equator twice. The Congo Basin has a total area of about 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 mi2), or 13% of the entire African landmass.
Ali Yusuf Hosh
Ali Yusuf Ali Hosh (Somali: Cali Yuusuf Cali Xoosh; born January 1, 1958, Arabic: علي يوسف علي حوش) is a Somali politician who has been serving as the Minister of Interior and Federal Reconciliation following his appointment by the Prime Minister of Somalia, Hamza Abdi Barre, on April 8, 2024. Before his ministerial role he was a Member of Parliament representing the Nugal region of Puntland, an autonomous state in northeastern Somalia. Ali Hosh is also known for his role as a member of the Oversight Committee for Review and Implementation of the Provisional Constitution.

Federal Parliament of Somalia
The Federal Parliament of Somalia (Somali: Golaha Shacabka Soomaaliya; often Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya; Arabic: البرلمان الاتحادي في الصومال) is the national parliament of Somalia. Formed in August 2012, it is based in the capital Mogadishu and is bicameral, consisting of an upper house (Senate) and a lower house (House of the People).
Thuringian Landtag elections in the Weimar Republic
Landtag elections in the State of Thuringia (German: Land Thüringen) during the Weimar Republic were held at irregular intervals between 1920 and 1932. Results with regard to the total vote, the percentage of the vote won and the number of seats allocated to each party are presented in the tables below. On 31 March 1933, the sitting Landtag was dissolved by the Nazi-controlled central government and reconstituted to reflect the distribution of seats in the national Reichstag. The Landtag subsequently was formally abolished as a result of the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" of 30 January 1934 which replaced the German federal system with a unitary state.

Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich
The Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich (German: Gesetz über den Neuaufbau des Reichs) of 30 January 1934, was a sweeping constitutional change to the structure of the German state by the government of Nazi Germany. It was one of the key pieces of legislation that served as the basis for the policy of Gleichschaltung, or coordination, by which Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party successfully established their totalitarian control over all aspects of the German government and society. The law abolished the independent parliaments (Landtage) of the then-extant 16 German states, transferred the states' sovereignty to the central government and essentially converted Germany from a federal republic to a highly centralized unitary state.
Nitrendipine
Nitrendipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is used in the treatment of primary (essential) hypertension to decrease blood pressure and can reduce the cardiotoxicity of cocaine.

It was patented in 1971 and approved for medical use in 1985.

Cardiotoxicity
Cardiotoxicity is the occurrence of heart dysfunction as electric or muscle damage, resulting in heart toxicity. This can cause heart failure, arrhythmia, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathy, resulting in a weakened heart that is not as efficient at pumping blood. While some of these effects are reversible, others can cause permanent damage, requiring further treatment. Cardiotoxicity may be caused by chemotherapy (a usual example is the class of anthracyclines) treatment and/or radiotherapy; complications from anorexia nervosa; adverse effects of heavy metals intake; the long-term abuse of or ingestion at high doses of certain strong stimulants such as cocaine; or an incorrectly administered drug such as bupivacaine.
Laurie Rimmer
Laurance Ivor Rimmer (31 May 1935 - 31 May 2012) was an English rugby union international.

Rimmer, born in Liverpool, boarded at Birkenhead School and read geography at Corpus Christi College, Oxford.

An Oxford University blue, Rimmer was called up by England while playing for Bath in 1961, debuting as a flanker against the touring Springboks at Twickenham. He played all four Tests of the 1961 Five Nations Championship.

Rimmer served as headmaster of Framlingham College from 1971 to 1989.

1961 Five Nations Championship
The 1961 Five Nations Championship was the thirty-second series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the sixty-seventh series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 7 January and 15 April. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
István Küzmics
István Küzmics (also known in Slovene as Štefan or Števan Küzmič, c.1723 – December 22, 1779) was the most critical Lutheran writer of the Slovenes in Hungary.

He was born at Strukovci, in the Prekmurje region of what was then Vas County, in the Kingdom of Hungary (now in Slovenia). His father György Küzmics (1703–1769) was a tailor. From 1733 to 1747 he went to school in Sopron and Győr, and studied at the lyceum in Pozsony (now Bratislava).  He later became a pastor and teacher in the Slovene-speaking towns of  Nemescsó (1751–1755) and Surd (1755–1779), in what is now Zala County, but was then part of Somogy, an area where many Slovene families settled in the 17th and 18th centuries. He also wrote catechisms and schoolbooks, and translated the New Testament into Prekmurje Slovene. The translated text, Nouvi zakon ali testamentom, was published in the German town of Halle in 1771.  He died at Surd.

Lyceum
The lyceum is a category of educational institution defined within the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. The definition varies among countries; usually it is a type of secondary school. Basic science and some introduction to specific professions are generally taught.
Gonzalo Méndez de Canço
Gonzalo Méndez de Canço y Donlebún (alternatively spelled "de Cancio" or "de Canzo"; c. 1554 – March 31, 1622) was a Spanish admiral who served as the seventh governor of the Spanish province of La Florida (1596–1603). He fought in the Battle of San Juan (1595) against the English admiral Francis Drake. During his tenure as governor of Florida, he dealt severely with a rebellion known as Juanillo's revolt among the Native Americans in Guale, forcing them, as well as other tribes in Florida, to submit to Spanish domination. De Canço was best known, however, for promoting the cultivation of maize in the province, and for introducing its cultivation to Asturias, Spain, where it eventually became an important crop.

Indigenous peoples of Florida
The Indigenous peoples of Florida lived in what is now known as Florida for more than 12,000 years before the time of first contact with Europeans. However, the indigenous Floridians living east of the Apalachicola River had largely died out by the early 18th century. Some Apalachees migrated to Louisiana, where their descendants now live; some were taken to Cuba and Mexico by the Spanish in the 18th century, and a few may have been absorbed into the Seminole and Miccosukee tribes.