hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
211th Coastal Division (Italy)
The 211th Coastal Division (Italian: 211ª Divisione Costiera) was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. Royal Italian Army coastal divisions were second line divisions formed with reservists and equipped with second rate materiel. They were often commanded by officers called out of retirement.

Materiel
Materiel or matériel (/məˌtɪəriˈɛl/; from French  matériel 'equipment, hardware') is supplies, equipment, and weapons in military supply-chain management, and typically supplies and equipment in a commercial supply chain context.
Haitian literature
Haitian literature has been closely intertwined with the political life of Haiti. Haitian intellectuals turned to African traditions, France, Latin America, the UK, and the United States, successively or simultaneously. At the same time, Haitian history has always been a rich source of inspiration for literature, with its heroes, its upheavals, its cruelties and its rites.

Indianism (arts)
Indianism (Portuguese: Indianismo) was a Brazilian literary and artistic movement that reached its peak during the first stages of Romanticism in the country, though it had been present in Brazilian literature since the Baroque period.

In Romantic contexts, it is called "the first generation of Brazilian Romanticism", being succeeded by the "Ultra-Romanticism" and the "Condorism".
Rogers Tower
Rogers Tower, located at 1067 West Cordova Street in the downtown core of Vancouver in Coal Harbour, in British Columbia, Canada, is home to Rogers Communications' headquarters for Lower Mainland Operations and credited to local architect James K. M. Cheng.

The building stands at 489 feet (149 m) or 41 stories and was completed in 2004. It is currently the seventh-tallest building in Vancouver. The lower 16 floors of the tower are offices while the upper 24 floors contain 130 work-live condominiums. Shaw Communications, the building's former namesake, once occupied 11 full floors. The building has two official addresses: 1067 is the building's business address, while 1077 is the residential address.

The Jim Pattison Group, one of Canada's largest conglomerates, is headquartered in the tower.

The building was rebranded from Shaw Tower to Rogers Tower in May 2023, after Shaw Communications merged into Rogers Communications.

Jim Pattison Group
The Jim Pattison Group is a Canadian conglomerate based in Vancouver. Jim Pattison, a Vancouver-based entrepreneur, is the chairman, CEO, and sole owner of the company. The Jim Pattison Group, Canada's second largest privately held company, has more than 45,000 employees worldwide, and annual sales of $10.1 billion based on investments in Canada, the U.S., Mexico, Europe, Asia and Australia. The Group is active in 25 divisions, according to Forbes, including packaging, food, forestry products.

In early 2022, the 93-year-old Pattison was still working full-time. According to Forbes, his net worth then was $5.7 billion, having increased substantially from the $2.1 billion reported in March 2009. In September 2020, a news item stated that "Jim Pattison Group Inc. had $10.9 billion in revenue and employed 48,000 people".
Mount Yake
Mount Yake (焼岳, Yake-dake) literally, "Burning mountain" is an active volcano in the Hida Mountains, lying between Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture, and Takayama, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. It is one of the 100 Famous Japanese Mountains, reaching 2,455 m (8,054 ft) at the highest peak.

Takayama, Gifu
Takayama (高山市, Takayama-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ta.ka(ꜜ).ja.ma, -ka.ja.maꜜ.ɕi]) is a city located in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2025, the city had an estimated population of 81,968 in 36,815 households, and a population density of 41 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 2,177.61 square kilometers (840.78 sq mi) making it the largest city by area in Japan. The high altitude and separation from other areas of Japan kept the area fairly isolated, allowing Takayama to develop its own culture over about a 300-year period.
Penarosa
Penarosa is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the Middle Cambrian (Ptychagnostus atavus Zone to Ptychagnostus punctuosus Zone), approximately 505 to 500 million years ago.

Miaolingian
The Miaolingian or Mid-Late Cambrian is the third Series of the Cambrian Period, and was formally named in 2018. It lasted from about 506.5 to 497 million years ago and is divided in ascending order into 3 stages: the Wuliuan, Drumian, and Guzhangian. The Miaolingian is preceded by the unnamed Cambrian Series 2 and succeeded by the Furongian series.

It is named after the Miaoling Mountains in southeastern Guizhou Province, China.
2011 Beijing International Challenger – Men's doubles
Pierre-Ludovic Duclos and Artem Sitak were the defending champions, but decided not to participate.

2nd seeds Sanchai and Sonchat Ratiwatana won this tournament. They defeated unseeded Harri Heliövaara and Michael Ryderstedt in the final.

Artem Sitak
Artem Yurievich Sitak (/ˈɑːrtəm ˈsɪtæk/ ART-əm SIT-ak; Russian: Артём Юрьевич Ситак, romanized: Artyom Sitak; born 8 February 1986) is a Russian-born New Zealand former professional tennis player. On 11 August 2008, he reached his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 299, whilst his highest doubles ranking of World No. 32 was reached on 10 September 2018, after the US Open. He is the younger brother of Dmitri Sitak, who was also a professional tennis player.
Monroe County Airport (Mississippi)
Monroe County Airport (FAA LID: M40) is a county-owned, public-use airport in Monroe County, Mississippi, United States. It is located four nautical miles (5 mi, 7 km) northeast of the central business district of Aberdeen and south of Amory. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Amory, Mississippi
Amory /ˈeɪ.mər.i/ is a city in Monroe County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 6,666 at the 2020 census, down from 7,316 in 2010. Located in the northeastern part of the state near the Alabama border, it was founded in 1887 as a railroad town by the Kansas City, Memphis and Birmingham Railroad. As a result, Cotton Gin Port, along the Tombigbee River to the west, was abandoned as businesses and people moved for railroad access.
2023 Puerto Vallarta Open – Doubles
Gijs Brouwer and Reese Stalder were the defending champions but only Stalder chose to defend his title, partnering Evan King. Stalder lost in the first round to André Göransson and Ben McLachlan.

Robert Galloway and Miguel Ángel Reyes-Varela won the title after Göransson and McLachlan retired trailing 0–3 in the first set in the final.

André Göransson
André Göransson (born 30 April 1994) is a Swedish tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 20, achieved on 27 October 2025. He is the current No. 1 Swedish doubles player. Göransson has won three ATP Tour doubles titles as well as fourteen ATP Challenger titles and two Futures titles. In singles his career-high is No. 773, achieved on 25 September 2017.
Critics' Choice Super Award for Best Actor in an Action Movie
The Critics' Choice Super Award for Best Actor in an Action Movie is an award presented by the Critics Choice Association to the best performance by an actor in an action film.

This award was first presented in 2021 to Delroy Lindo for his role as Paul on Da 5 Bloods. The most nominated actor in this category is Tom Cruise with three consecutive nominations and wins.

The current recipient of the award is Tom Cruise for his role as Ethan Hunt in Mission: Impossible – The Final Reckoning.

Critics Choice Association
The Critics Choice Association (CCA), formerly the Broadcast Film Critics Association (BFCA), is an association of television, radio and online critics. Their membership includes critics who review film and television. Founded in 1995, it is the largest film critics organization in the United States and Canada.  The organization has presented the Critics' Choice Awards, aimed to recognize movies, television programs, and documentaries each year since 1995.

The association also selects a Film of the Month and recommends other films throughout the year, based on the cumulative grades each film receives in the monthly balloting. Since 2018 the association organized the Celebration of Cinema and Television, a serie of three awards ceremonies to honor African Americans, Latino, Asian Americans and Pacific Islander Americans in film and television industries.
Nadja Durbach
Nadja Durbach is a professor of History at the University of Utah. She is a specialist of modern Britain and co-editor of the Journal of British Studies. Her research, grounded in her first book, Bodily Matters: The Anti-Vaccination Movement in England, 1853-1907(2005), focuses on immunization, vaccination, and alternative medicine politics in the nineteenth century. Her research has also focused on the history of the body and food politics in Britain. She was the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2016.

Durbach received her B.A. from University of British Columbia in 1993 and her Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 2001.

Journal of British Studies
The publication of the North American Conference on British Studies, The Journal of British Studies is an academic journal aimed at scholars of British culture from the Middle Ages through the present. The journal was co-founded in 1961 by George Cooper. JBS presents scholarly articles and book reviews from international authors who share their ideas on British society, politics, law, economics, and the arts. Until 2005, it covered subjects from the medieval period to the present, while Albion (another journal published by the NACBS) covered all periods of British history. Albion was merged into the JBS as of vol. 44 in 2005. Until October 2012 the journal was published by University of Chicago Press. From volume 52, it has been published by Cambridge University Press.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 0.600.
One Port Street
One Port Street is a high-rise residential building under construction in Manchester, England. Located on the edge of the city's Northern Quarter, it comprises a 100-metre (330 ft), 33-storey tower fronting on to Port Street, an 11-storey block facing Great Ancoats Street, as well as 9-storey and 7-storey elements. It was designed by SimpsonHaugh architects.

As of January 2026, One Port Street is the 28th-tallest building in Greater Manchester.

Northern Quarter, Manchester
The Northern Quarter (N4 or NQ) is an area of Manchester city centre, England, between Piccadilly station, Victoria station and Ancoats, centred on Oldham Street, just off Piccadilly Gardens. It was defined and named in the 1990s as part of the regeneration and gentrification of Manchester.

A centre of alternative and bohemian culture, the area includes Newton Street (borders with Piccadilly Basin), Great Ancoats Street (borders with Ancoats), Back Piccadilly (borders with Piccadilly Gardens) and Swan Street/High Street (borders with Shudehill/Arndale). Popular streets include Oldham Street, Tib Street, Newton Street, Lever Street, Dale Street, Hilton Street and Thomas Street.
Boole's expansion theorem
Boole's expansion theorem, often referred to as the Shannon expansion or Shannon decomposition, is the identity , where  is any Boolean function,  is a variable,  is the complement of , and and  are  with the argument  set equal to  and to  respectively.

The terms  and  are sometimes called the positive and negative Shannon cofactors, respectively, of  with respect to . These are functions, computed by the  operator,  and . (See also valuation and partial application.)

The theorem has been called the "fundamental theorem of Boolean algebra". Besides its theoretical importance, it paved the way for binary decision diagrams (BDDs), satisfiability solvers, and many other techniques relevant to computer engineering and formal verification of digital circuits.
In such contexts, particularly in BDDs, the expansion is interpreted as an if-then-else, with the variable  being the condition and the cofactors being the branches ( when  is true and respectively  when  is false).

Partial application
In computer science, partial application (or partial function application) refers to the process of fixing a number of arguments of a function, producing another function of smaller arity.  Given a function , we might fix (or 'bind') the first argument, producing a function of type .  Evaluation of this function might be represented as .  Note that the result of partial function application in this case is a function that takes two arguments. Partial application is sometimes incorrectly called currying, which is a related, but distinct concept.
Sir John Rose, 1st Baronet
Sir John Rose, 1st Baronet PC GCMG QC (2 August 1820 – 24 August 1888) was a Scots-Quebecer politician. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Executive Council of the Province of Canada. After Confederation, he held the offices of Solicitor General of Canada, Minister of Public Works and Minister of Finance in the new federal government. In the United Kingdom, he held the offices of Receiver General of the Duchy of Cornwall and Privy Counsellor.

In 1872, he was created 1st Baronet Rose, of Montreal. His eldest son inherited the title and in 1909, his second son, Sir Charles Day Rose, was created 1st Baronet Rose of Hardwick House in his own right. His home from 1848, Rosemount, was in Montreal's Golden Square Mile. From 1872, he lived in England at Loseley Park.

Hardwick House, Oxfordshire
Hardwick House is a Tudor house on the banks of the River Thames on a slight rise at Whitchurch-on-Thames in the English county of Oxfordshire. It is reputed to have been the inspiration for E. H. Shepard's illustrations of Toad Hall in the book The Wind in the Willows by Kenneth Grahame, although this is also claimed by Mapledurham House, Fowey Hall Hotel, Foxwarren Park and Fawley Court.
Bridge No. 5151-Marshall
Bridge No. 5151-Marshall is a concrete girder bridge with decorative metal lampposts, carrying Minnesota State Highway 19 over the Redwood River in Marshall, Minnesota, United States. It was built 1931 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.  Along with the nearby Bridge No. 5083-Marshall, it was nominated as a rare surviving example of the ornamental urban highway bridges built in Minnesota before World War II.

Marshall, Minnesota
Marshall is a city in Lyon County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 13,628 at the 2020 census and 13,906 as of 2023 estimates. Marshall is a regional center in southwest Minnesota, and the county seat of Lyon County. It is the headquarters of the Schwan Food Company and the home of Southwest Minnesota State University.
Yellow-headed day gecko
The yellow-headed day gecko (Phelsuma klemmeri), also commonly called the cheerful day gecko, Klemmer's day gecko, and the neon day gecko, is a small diurnal species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. This endangered species is endemic to northwestern Madagascar and inhabits coastal forests (both dry and humid), dwelling on bamboo. The yellow-headed day gecko feeds on insects and nectar.

Gekkonidae
Gekkonidae (the common geckos) is the largest family of geckos, containing over 950 described species in 62 genera. The Gekkonidae contain many of the most widespread gecko species, including house geckos (Hemidactylus), the tokay gecko (Gekko), day geckos (Phelsuma), the  mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus), and dtellas (Gehyra). Gekkonid geckos occur globally and are particularly diverse in tropical areas. Many species of these geckos exhibit an adhering ability to surfaces through Van der Waals forces utilizing intermolecular forces between molecules of their setae (foot hair) and molecules of the surface they are on.

The genus Hemidactylus is one of the most species-rich and widely distributed of all reptile genera.
1991 Houston mayoral election
The 1991 Houston mayoral election took place on November 5, 1991. The race was officially non-partisan. Bob Lanier defeated five term incumbent mayor Kathy Whitmire. A run-off election was held on December 7, 1991.

Most white voters of all economic levels voted for Lanier. His strongest tallies came from affluent neighborhoods like River Oaks, Meyerland, Uptown, Memorial and Sharpstown; in those areas he won with 60 to 65 percent or more of the vote. Lanier won 75 percent of the votes in his home Houston precinct. In racially mixed areas such as Westbury and Alief, Lanier had the majority of votes with his main opponent, Sylvester Turner, having finished in a close second place. Lanier did not win in Montrose and many African-American neighborhoods.

Alief, Houston
Alief (/ˈeɪliːf/ AY-leef) is a working-class suburb in Southwest Harris County, Texas, United States. Most of Alief is within the city limits of Houston, while a portion of the community is in unincorporated Harris County.

First settled in 1894 as a rural farm community, Alief experienced rapid population growth in the 1970s and 1980s. The community became one of the most ethnically diverse areas in Houston.
Amauris ochlea
Amauris ochlea, the novice, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in southern and south-east Africa.

The wingspan is 55–60 mm for males and 60–65 mm for females. Adults are on wing year round (with peaks in summer and autumn).

The larvae feed on Tylophora anomala, Tylophora stolzii, Gymnema, Marsdenia, Secamone, Cynanchum chirindense, Cyanchum abyssinicum, Cynanchum medium, Cynanchum nigrum, Cynanchum natalitium and Cynanchum vincetoxicum.

Marsdenia
Marsdenia is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1810. It is named in honor of the plant collector and Secretary of the Admiralty, William Marsden. The plants are native to tropical regions in Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas.
Ajitwal
Ajiwal is a village, situated on the National Highway no. 95 (Ferozepur - Ludhiana road), in the tehsil and district of Moga in Eastern Punjab (India). It is 16 km away from Moga and 14 km away from Jagraon.

Firozpur
Firozpur, (pronunciation: [fɪroːzpʊr])  also known as Ferozepur, is a city on the banks of the Sutlej River in the Firozpur District of Punjab, India. After the Partition of India in 1947, it became a border town on the India–Pakistan border with memorials to soldiers who died fighting for India. The nearby Firozpur Cantonment is a major cantonment of the country.
Salem number
In mathematics, a Salem number is a real algebraic integer  whose conjugate roots all have absolute value no greater than 1, and at least one of which has absolute value exactly 1. Salem numbers are of interest in Diophantine approximation and harmonic analysis. They are named after Raphaël Salem.

Absolute value
In mathematics, the absolute value or modulus of a real number , denoted , is the (non-negative) magnitude of  measured without regard to its sign. Namely,  if  is a positive number, and  if  is negative (in which case negating  makes  positive), and . For example, the absolute value of 3 is 3, and the absolute value of −3 is also 3. The absolute value of a number may be thought of as its distance from zero.

Generalisations of the absolute value for real numbers occur in a wide variety of mathematical settings. For example, an absolute value is also defined for the complex numbers, the quaternions, ordered rings, fields and vector spaces. The absolute value is closely related to the notions of magnitude, distance, and norm in various mathematical and physical contexts.
Mohamed Ibrahim Elmi
Mohamed Ibrahim Elmi is a Kenyan politician. He belongs to the Orange Democratic Movement and was elected to represent the Wajir East Constituency (2007-2013) and Tarbaj Constituency (2013-2017)  in the National Assembly of Kenya since the 2007 Kenyan parliamentary election.

National Assembly (Kenya)
The National Assembly of the Republic of Kenya (formerly House of Representatives) is one of the two Houses of the Parliament of Kenya. Between 1966 and 2013, it served as a unicameral house. In 2013 (11th Parliament), it became the lower house when the Senate was reestablished.

It has a total of 349 seats: 290 elected from the constituencies, 47 women elected from the counties and 12 nominated representatives. The Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya serves as an ex officio member.

The High Court of Kenya ordered lawmakers to introduce gender quotas, or face dissolution in the mid-2010s, following the implementation of the 2010 Constitution.
SAA Supa 8 2007
The SAA Supa 8 2007 was the 33rd edition of the competition featuring the top 8-placed teams at the conclusion of the 2005–06 Premier Soccer League season and the 5th and final season under its then sponsored name, the SAA Supa 8.

It was won by Mamelodi Sundowns, their first win in a domestic cup since 1999.

2005–06 South African Premiership
The 2005–06 South African Premiership, known as the Castle Premiership for sponsorship purposes, and also commonly referred to as the PSL after the governing body, was the tenth season of the Premiership since its establishment in 1996.

It was won by Mamelodi Sundowns.
Paulo Cézar Caju
Paulo Cézar Lima (born 16 June 1949), known as Caju, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. During his career, he played for clubs in Brazil, including Botafogo, and for Marseille in France. At international level, he earned 57 caps by the Brazil national team in the 1960s and 1970s, scoring 10 goals.

Campeonato Carioca
The Campeonato Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (English: Rio de Janeiro State Championship), most known as Campeonato Carioca and commonly as the Cariocão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is run by the Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation (FERJ).

The first season of the Campeonato Carioca was played in 1906. Rivalries amongst four of the most prestigious Brazilian teams (Botafogo, Flamengo, Fluminense and Vasco da Gama) have marked the history of the competition. Flamengo leads the title count with 39, followed by Fluminense (33), Vasco da Gama (24), Botafogo (21), America (7), Bangu (2), São Cristóvão and Paissandu (1 each).
Quill (Grimm)
"Quill" is the 4th episode of the supernatural drama television series Grimm of season 2 and the 26th overall, which premiered on September 3, 2012, on NBC. The episode was written by David Simkins, and was directed by David Straiton.

David Simkins
David Simkins is an American screenwriter and television producer. His first produced screenplay was for the film Adventures in Babysitting in 1987. He has written for and produced television shows such as Charmed, Blade: The Series, Dark Angel and Warehouse 13.
2016 Advantage Cars Prague Open – Women's doubles
The women's doubles of the 2016 Advantage Cars Prague Open tournament was played on clay in Prague, Czech Republic.

Kateřina Kramperová and Bernarda Pera were the defending champions, but Pera chose not to participate. Kramperová partnered Amandine Hesse, but they lost in the first round.

Demi Schuurs and Renata Voráčová won the title, defeating Sílvia Soler Espinosa and Sara Sorribes Tormo in the final, 7–5, 3–6, [10–4].

Bernarda Pera
Bernarda Pera (/bərˈnɑːrdə ˈpɛrə/ bər-NAR-də PERR-ə; Croatian pronunciation: [běrnaːrda pêra]; born 3 December 1994) is a Croatian-American professional tennis player. Pera has won two singles titles and one doubles title on the WTA Tour, along with nine singles and eight doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. She achieved career-high rankings of world No. 27 in singles on June 12, 2023, and No. 35 in doubles on February 21, 2022. Before March 2013, Pera represented her country of birth, Croatia.