hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Dream of Debs
"The Dream of Debs" is a short story by American writer Jack London, first published in the International Socialist Review in serial form in the issues of January and February 1909. It was included in the collection of stories by Jack London The Strength of the Strong, published by Macmillan in 1914.

London was interested in socialism, and this story relates to organized labor. It is one of his stories that could now be regarded as science fiction: set in the near future, the story imagines calamitous consequences of a general strike in the USA.

General strike
A general strike (or mass strike) is a strike action in which a substantial proportion of the total labour force in a city, region, or country participates. General strikes are characterised by the participation of workers from a multitude of workplaces across different industries, and tend to involve entire communities. They are often used to strengthen the bargaining position of a trade union or achieve a common social or political goal. General strikes first occurred in the mid-19th century and have characterised many historically important strikes.
Uddingston Grammar School
Uddingston Grammar School is a mainstream state school in Uddingston, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It is one of 17 secondary schools operated by South Lanarkshire Council. Its motto is 'Virtute Crescam' which means 'May I grow in moral excellence'.

The school was opened in August 1884, with its buildings located next to Uddingston railway station. In 2009, Uddingston Grammar moved to a new campus nearby (on the site of its former playing fields) as part of South Lanarkshire Council's school modernisation programme; the oldest of the existing buildings was converted into apartments as part of a residential development.

The school's catchment area includes the communities of Uddingston, Bothwell, Birkenshaw, Tannochside, Viewpark and recently parts of Newton in Cambuslang.

The school's roll is approximately 1900 pupils as of August 2025, with approximately 90 teaching staff (FTE).

Viewpark
Viewpark is an area in North Lanarkshire, Scotland. Situated immediately north-east of Uddingston (but on the other side of the M74 motorway), Viewpark is two kilometres (1+1⁄4 miles) west of Bellshill. It has an estimated population of 13,916 in 2016, a figure which also includes the smaller adjoining neighbourhoods of Birkenshaw, Bellziehill, Calderbraes, Fallside and Tannochside under the Thorniewood ward of the local council.
Lucian Leape
Lucian L. Leape (November 7, 1930 – June 30, 2025) was an American pediatric surgeon and academic, who became one of the world's foremost experts on preventing medical errors.  His most important works on the topic were the results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study, published in 1991 in the New England Journal of Medicine and the article "Error in Medicine," published in JAMA in 1994, which called for the application of systems theory to prevent medical errors. His work drew early anger and criticism, but eventually won over the medical professions.

The New England Journal of Medicine
The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society. Founded in 1812, the journal is among the most prestigious peer-reviewed medical journals. Its 2024 impact factor was 78.5, ranking it 2nd out of 168 journals in the category "Medicine, General & Internal".
Josippon
Josippon (or Sefer Yosippon, the Book of Yosippon, Hebrew: ספר יוסיפון) is one of the most influential medieval chronicles of Jewish history, translated into many languages and republished in many editions, and a landmark of Jewish national historiography. It is a history of the Roman Empire and its Jewish inhabitants from the biblical history of Adam to the age of Titus. The author writes that he is copying the works of Roman-Jewish historian Josephus to whom its name refers. It was composed in the 10th century in Byzantine Italy. The Ethiopic version of Josippon or Zena Ayhud  (ዜና፡ አይሁድ) is recognized as canonical by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. It is also part of the Coptic Bible.

Pseudo-Hegesippus
Pseudo-Hegesippus is the conventional name of the anonymous author of De excidio Hierosolymitano ("On the Destruction of Jerusalem"), a fourth-century Christian Latin adaptation of The Jewish War of Flavius Josephus. The text itself may also be referred to as "Pseudo-Hegesippus".
Girder (comics)
Girder is a supervillain and an enemy of the Flash (Wally West). He first appeared in Flash: Iron Heights (2001) and was created by Geoff Johns and Ethan Van Sciver.

Girder made his live-action debut on the first season of The Flash, portrayed by Greg Finley.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
Modern Combat 4: Zero Hour
Modern Combat 4: Zero Hour is a 2012 first-person shooter developed and published by Gameloft Montreal for mobile phones, iOS, Android, Windows Phone 8, BlackBerry 10 and BlackBerry PlayBook. It is the fourth game in the Modern Combat series, and is a sequel to 2009's Modern Combat: Sandstorm, 2010's Modern Combat 2: Black Pegasus and 2011's Modern Combat 3: Fallen Nation. A sequel was released in 2014, Modern Combat 5: Blackout.

The iOS version of Zero Hour supports the iPhone 5. Gameloft released a gameplay teaser on September 25, 2012, along with a new Modern Combat website. The teaser trailer showed high definition graphics, but with some graphical improvements over its predecessors, such as real-time shadows. Other improvements include more "military support" options, more tactical gameplay and more advanced campaign programming. The game is set in a dystopian year 2037, where the SGS, an undercover armed force, dominates the world and fights against Phantom Unit.

High-definition video
High-definition video (HD video) is video of higher resolution and quality than standard-definition. While there is no standardized meaning for high-definition, generally any video image with considerably more than 480 vertical scan lines (North America) or 576 vertical lines (Europe) is considered high-definition. 480 scan lines is generally the minimum even though the majority of systems greatly exceed that. Images of standard resolution captured at high frame rate (60 frames/second North America, 50 FPS Europe), by a high-speed camera may be considered high-definition in some contexts. Some television series shot on high-definition video are made to look as if they have been shot on film, a technique which is often known as filmizing.
Ryhope, New South Wales
Ryhope is a small rural locality in the City of Lake Macquarie in New South Wales, Australia, located approximately eight kilometres (five miles) west of the town of Toronto and west of Lake Macquarie.

Lake Macquarie (New South Wales)
Lake Macquarie (Awabakal: Awaba) is Australia's largest coastal lake. Located in the City of Lake Macquarie and Central Coast Council local government areas in the Hunter and Central Coast regions of New South Wales, Australia, it covers an area of 110 square kilometres (42.5 sq mi) and is connected to the Tasman Sea by a short channel. Most of the residents of the City of Lake Macquarie live near the shores of the lake.

Lake Macquarie is twice as large as Sydney Harbour and is the largest coastal salt water lake in the Southern Hemisphere. It is slightly smaller than Port Stephens, which is about 43 kilometres (27 mi) to the northeast of the lagoon.
Wetjes-Hor
Wetjes-Hor was the second nome of Upper Egypt. Its major population center, modern Edfu, was called Behdet and Djeba in antiquity. Its Middle Kingdom cemetery is provides much information on the burial practices of commoners during this period. The Old Kingdom governor, Izi, whose mastaba is found in Edfu's necropolis, was worshiped as a minor deity in later times.

Necropolis
A necropolis (pl.: necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek νεκρόπολις nekropolis (lit. 'city of the dead').

The term usually implies a separate burial site at a distance from a city, as opposed to tombs within cities, which were common in various places and periods of history. They are different from grave fields, which did not have structures or markers above the ground. While the word is most commonly used for ancient sites, the name was revived in the early 19th century and applied to planned city cemeteries, such as the Glasgow Necropolis.
Western Association of Physicians
The Western Association of Physicians (WAP) is a regional health association of academic physician-scientists. Over the years the society has grown to a membership of several hundred, including many distinguished academicians from diverse areas of medicine.

Medical association
A medical association is a trade association that brings together practitioners of a particular geographical area (a country, region, province). In common-law countries, they are often grouped by medical specialties (cardiologists, surgeons, family doctors, etc.).

Medical associations act as a safeguard of the fundamental values of the medical profession: the deontological ethics and code of ethics. In addition to providing exclusive representation in national and international medical practitioners, a medical college is responsible for management and protection of the medical profession.

In most countries, licensing is usually required. A professional or college official is a public corporation of an industry association composed of persons exercising liberal professions and calls are usually covered by the state. Associate members are also known as colleges.
Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange
The Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange (TTSE) is the main stock exchange in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, and the largest stock exchange in the Caribbean region by market capitalization.

As a member-state of CARICOM several companies from Barbados, Jamaica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and the Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange also cross-list their stocks onto the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange.

The unique four symbol alphanumeric Market Identifier Code (MIC) used to identify the TTSE as defined under ISO 10383 is XTRN.

Market capitalization
Market capitalization, sometimes referred to as market cap, is the total value of a publicly traded company's outstanding common shares owned by stockholders.

Market capitalization is equal to the market price per common share multiplied by the number of common shares outstanding.
Island of Death
Island of Death (Greek: Τα παιδιά του Διαβόλου, Ta pediá tou Diavólou, transl. Children of the Devil), also known as Devils in Mykonos and A Craving for Lust, is a 1976 Greek exploitation horror film directed by Nico Mastorakis. It tells the story of a man and a woman, posing as newlyweds, who visit the Greek island of Mykonos and start a rampage of murder, killing anyone they believe to be sinful or perverted.

The film was initially banned and is one of the most widely banned films in the world. It remained banned for several years in the United Kingdom until a heavily censored (missing over four minutes) version was released by Vipco. It was first released uncut in 2003 by Image Entertainment and then it was released uncut by Arrow Films in 2011.

Arrow Films
Arrow Films is a British independent film distributor and restorer specialising in world cinema, arthouse, horror, and classic films. As Arrow Video, it sells Ultra HD Blu-rays, Blu-rays, and DVDs online; it also operates its own subscription video on-demand service, Arrow Player. From 2017 to 2025, Arrow had a dedicated podcast hosted by film-makers Sam Ashurst and Dan Martin, with the final episode airing in January 2025. Arrow Video is considered a boutique Blu-ray label.
Mustafa Kamal (judge)
Mustafa Kamal (Bengali: মোস্তফা কামাল; 9 May 1933 – 5 January 2015) was the 9th Chief Justice of Bangladesh. His landmark judgment was on the Masdar Hossain case, widely known as the 'separation of judiciary', which was a milestone in the quest for separation of powers between the judiciary and the executive of the state. Kamal was a pioneer of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in Bangladesh, and is considered by many as the 'father of ADR' in Bangladesh.

Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually legislation, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinct and clearly articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each branch. To put this model into practice, government is divided into structurally independent branches to perform various functions (most often a legislature, a judiciary and an administration, sometimes known as the trias politica). When each function is allocated strictly to one branch, a government is described as having a high degree of separation; whereas, when one person or branch plays a significant part in the exercise of more than one function, this represents a fusion of powers. When one branch holds unlimited state power and delegates its powers to other organs as it sees fit, as is the case in communist states, that is called unified power.
Szymon h. Gozdawa (bishop of Płock)
Szymon h. Gozdawa, also known as Simon was a twelfth century Bishop of Płock, Poland.

He was from the Gozdawa noble family and was appointed bishop in 1112 AD. Jan Długosz says of him that he was very devout and ruled the diocese for 21 years until he died in 1129. He was also mentioned by the historian Gallus Anonymus.

Jan Długosz
Jan Długosz (Polish pronunciation: [ˈjan ˈdwuɡɔʂ]; 1 December 1415 – 19 May 1480), also known in Latin as Johannes Longinus, was a Polish priest, chronicler, diplomat, soldier, and secretary to Bishop Zbigniew Oleśnicki of Kraków. He is considered Poland's first historian.
Love Again (soundtrack)
Love Again (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture) is the soundtrack album to the 2023 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by James C. Strouse, Love Again. It was released by Columbia Records on 12 May 2023. The album features five new songs by Celine Dion and six of her past hits. The first song, "Love Again", was released on 13 April 2023. The second track, "I'll Be", premiered on 5 May 2023. Other new songs include "Waiting on You", "Love of My Life" and "The Gift". Love Again received favorable reviews from music critics and debuted at numbers one in Quebec, two on the UK Soundtrack Albums chart, six in the Romandy region of Switzerland and 10 in Belgium's Wallonia.

Keegan DeWitt
Keegan DeWitt (born April 8, 1982) is an American film composer, singer-songwriter, and actor. He was raised in Oregon and now resides in Los Angeles. He is the lead singer of the indie rock band Wild Cub, as well as a composer for film scores.
Temagami River
The Temagami River, formerly spelled as Timagami River, is a river in the Nipissing District of Ontario, Canada, in the Temagami region. Its source is Lake Temagami and flows through Cross Lake and Red Cedar Lake. It flows into the Sturgeon River at the community of River Valley.

The Temagami River is well known for its outstanding whitewater paddling opportunities. It has a high concentration of novice to advanced whitewater stretches mixed with calm flatwater, in all 20 sets of rapids, rated CI to CIII that can be run all season. In particular, the rapids of Ragged Chutes are popular with canoeists.

Its water level is controlled by the Cross Lake Dam, located on Surveyor Lake, which is also used to control waterflow out of Lake Temagami. Another 3 dams are on the river at Red Cedar Lake.

Fish species found in the Temagami River include smallmouth bass, largemouth bass, walleye, and northern pike.

Smallmouth bass
The smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) is a species of freshwater fish in the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) of the order Centrarchiformes. It is the type species of its genus Micropterus (black basses), and is a popular game fish sought by anglers throughout the temperate zones of North America, and has been spread by stocking —as well as illegal introductions—to many cool-water tributaries and lakes in Canada and more so introduced in the United States. The maximum recorded size is approximately 27 inches (69 cm) and 12 pounds (5.4 kg).

The smallmouth bass is native to the upper and middle Mississippi River basin, the Saint Lawrence River–Great Lakes system, the Champlain Valley, and the Hudson Bay basin. Its common names include smallmouth, bronzeback, brown bass, brownie, smallie, bronze bass, and bareback bass.
The Wizard of Oz (1993 video game)
The Wizard of Oz is a 1993 platform video game released for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and loosely based on the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz. Developed by Manley & Associates, it was published by SETA Corporation and released in North America in 1993 and in Europe in 1994. The player assumes the role of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, or the Cowardly Lion in a series of levels containing hidden areas, mazes, and puzzles to bring Glinda's magic ruby slippers to the Wizard of Oz.

Upon its release, it received generally positive reviews for its graphics, challenge, and playable female heroine. Retrospective coverage, however, has been negative including ranking on lists of the worst games of all time. Criticisms include poor collision detection, controls, weak character attacks, and mishandling of the source material.

Wizard of Oz (character)
Oscar Zoroaster Phadrig Isaac Norman Henkle Emmannuel Ambroise Diggs, better known as the "Wizard of Oz," is a fictional character in the Land of Oz created by American author L. Frank Baum. He debuted in Baum's 1900 book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and was further popularized by a stage play and several films, including the 1939 MGM musical film.

In his first appearance in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, the Wizard rules the Land of Oz from his palace in the Emerald City. He is exposed at the end of the novel as a conman and circus magician, but in further books of the series, he becomes a trusted and valued friend to the Oz characters.
Duchy of Łęczyca
Duchy of Łęczyca (Polish: Księstwo łęczyckie) was one of the duchies of Poland. It was created around 1231 from Province of Łęczyca, a part of the Seniorate Province by Konrad I of Masovia. Province of Łęczyca existed since turn of the 11th/12th century.

In 1264 the Duchy of Sieradz was split from it. The last duke of this duchy was Władysław the Hunchback. After his death in 1352 the duchy became part of the Kingdom of Poland and was reorganized into the Łęczyca Voivodeship.

Testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth
The last will and testament of the Piast duke Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland, established rules for governance of the Polish kingdom by his four surviving sons after his death. By issuing it, Bolesław planned to guarantee that his heirs would not fight among themselves, and would preserve the unity of his lands under the Piast dynasty. However, soon after his death his sons fought each other, and Poland entered a period of fragmentation lasting about 200 years.
Battle of Łowczówek
Battle of Łowczówek was a battle during World War I, fought on 22–25 December 1914 at Łowczówek, between the 1st Brigade of the Polish Legions, fighting for Austria-Hungary, and troops of Imperial Russia. The 1st Brigade was supported by some units of Hungarian infantry and Austrian artillery. The Austro-Hungarian-Polish forces held back the developing Russian offensive in the region, which allowed the bulk of the Austro-Hungarian army to avoid being surrounded and to withdraw, but had to yield their positions in the face of continued Russian attacks and the danger of being encircled itself.

Tuchów
Tuchów [ˈtuxuf] is a town in Tarnów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland, with a population of 6,476 (2004). The town lies on the Biała river, and is located on an electrified rail line from Tarnów towards Nowy Sącz and the Polish - Slovak border.
Shangwu station
Shangwu station (Chinese: 上屋站; pinyin: Shàngwū Zhàn; Jyutping: soeng6 uk1; Cantonese Yale: Seuhngūk Jaahm) is an interchange station between Line 6 and Line 13 of the Shenzhen Metro. The Line 6 station opened on 18 August 2020, and the Line 13 station opened on 28 December 2025.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Bruus
Bruus, formerly Brausebart or Brusbart, is a north German card game for four players in two teams of two. It was once highly popular but has since died out except for a few pockets in the state of Schleswig-Holstein. As Brusbart, it was the ancestor of a family of similar games in northern Europe, including Swedish Bräus and Danish Brus which are still played today. Bruus features 'daring and tormenting' which has been said to give the game a certain charm. Once considered the national game of Hamburg, Bruus is a descendant of Karnöffel, the oldest identifiable European card game in the history of playing cards with a continuous tradition of play down to the present day. The game is named after the Bruus or Brusbart, once its top card, but now its second-highest trump.

Hearts (suit)
Hearts (♥, ) (French: Cœur, German: Herz) is one of the four playing card suits in a deck of French-suited and German-suited playing cards. However, the symbol is slightly different:  is used in a French deck while  is used in a German deck.

This suit was invented in 15th century Germany and is a survivor from a large pool of experimental suit signs created to replace the Latin suits. The standard German-suited system of leaves, acorns, hearts, and bells appears in the majority of cards from 1460 onwards. There is no evidence for this system prior to this point. The French design was created around 1480 when French suits were invented and was a simplified version of the existing German suit symbol for hearts in a German-suited pack.

In Swiss-suited playing cards, the equivalent suit is Roses, typically with the following suit symbol: .