hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glenns Ferry Formation
The Glenns Ferry Formation is a Pliocene stratigraphic unit in the western United States. Outcrops of the formation in Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument preserve the remains of seven fish species, five of which are extinct. These include the teleosteans Mylopharodon hagermanensis, Sigmopharyngodon idahoensis, and Ptychocheilus oregonensis, Ameirurus vespertinus, and the sunfish Archoplites taylori. A nearly complete skull of the catfish Ameirurus vespertinus was recovered in 2001 from the wall of the Smithsonian Horse Quarry. The formation was deposited by Lake Idaho.

Northern pikeminnow
The Northern pikeminnow, Columbia River dace or colloquially Squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) is a large member of the minnow family, Leuciscidae. This predatory freshwater fish is native to northwestern North America, ranging from the Nass River basin to the Columbia River basin. A good deal of concern has been expressed regarding the impact northern pikeminnow populations may have on salmon in Columbia and Snake River impoundments.
Heavenly Sounds
Heavenly Sounds is an ongoing concert series that presents contemporary secular music in churches and cathedrals around Australia. It is co-presented by artist management company One Louder and booking agency Artist Voice.

The first tour took place in November/December 2011 and featured Australian indie folk supergroup Seeker Lover Keeper (featuring Sarah Blasko, Holly Throsby and Sally Seltmann), with opening acts Henry Wagons and Laura Jean Shows took place in Brisbane, Sydney, Newcastle, Canberra, Melbourne, Hobart, Perth and Adelaide.

The second tour was in June 2012 and featured Lisa Mitchell and Georgia Fair who performed in Newcastle, Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth.

Subsequent tours have included Julia Stone, The Civil Wars, Beth Orton, Michael Kiwanuka, Kate Miller-Heidke, Laura Marling, and Sarah Blasko  The event co-directors Bill Cullen and Brett Murrihy created the Heavenly Sounds concept to offer something unique to both artists and audiences.

Michael Kiwanuka
Michael Samuel Kiwanuka (born 3 May 1987) is a British singer, songwriter, musician, and record producer. He is currently signed to Polydor Records. His debut album Home Again (2012) went gold in the United Kingdom, while his second album Love & Hate (2016) debuted at the top of the charts. He has been nominated for numerous honours, including Brit Awards, MTV Europe Music Awards, BBC Music Awards, and Grammy Awards. He won the BBC's Sound of... in 2012 and the Mercury Prize in 2020. His most recent album, Small Changes, was released in November 2024.
Olympisch Stadion (Antwerp)
The Olympisch Stadion (Dutch pronunciation: [oːˈlɪmpiˌstaːdijɔn]) or Kielstadion (pronounced [ˈkilstaːdijɔn]) was built as the main stadium for the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp. For those games, it hosted the athletics, equestrian, field hockey, football, gymnastics, modern pentathlon, rugby union, tug of war, weightlifting and korfball (demonstration) events. Following the Olympics it was converted to a football stadium. Its current tenant is K Beerschot VA, a Belgian football club. There are no remnants of the Olympic athletics track.

It is possible that Archibald Leitch was involved in the design of the stadium having made several visits prior to the Games.

Tug of war at the 1920 Summer Olympics
The tug of war contest at the 1920 Summer Olympics was held on August 17, 1920, and on August 18, 1920. All medals were decided by using the Bergvall system.

This was the last time the tug of war was in the Olympic program. The British team entirely consisted of City of London Police officers and so the gold medal is still at that force's museum.
Jack Dunne (footballer)
John "Jack" Dunne (1890–1974) was an Irish footballer who made 23 appearances in the Football League playing for Lincoln City as a full back. Before joining Lincoln, he played in the Irish Football League for Shelbourne, was a member of their 1911 IFA Cup-winning team, and was capped once for the Irish League representative team, in November 1913 against the Scottish League XI. He went on to play for Southern League club Mid Rhondda and for Boston Town and Horncastle Town.

Scottish Football League XI
The Scottish League XI was a representative side of the Scottish Football League. The team regularly played against the (English) Football League and other national league select teams between 1892 and 1980. For a long period the annual fixture between the English and Scottish leagues was only second in importance to the matches between the two national teams. The fixture declined in importance after regular European club competition was instituted in the 1950s; matches in the 1960s and 1970s were played irregularly and poorly attended. A match involving a Scottish League XI was last played in 1990, to mark the centenary of the League.
YInMn Blue
YInMn Blue (/jɪnmɪn/; for the chemical symbols Y for yttrium, In for indium, and Mn for manganese), also known as Oregon Blue or Mas Blue, is an inorganic blue pigment that was discovered by Mas Subramanian and his (then) graduate student, Andrew Smith, at Oregon State University in 2009. The pigment is noteworthy for its vibrant, near-perfect blue color and unusually high near-infrared reflectance. The chemical compound has a unique crystal structure in which trivalent manganese ions in the trigonal bipyramidal coordination are responsible for the observed intense blue color. Since the initial discovery, the fundamental principles of colour science have been explored extensively by the Subramanian research team at Oregon State University, resulting in a wide range of rationally designed novel green, purple, and orange pigments, all through intentional addition of a chromophore in the trigonal bipyramidal coordination environment.

Valence (chemistry)
In chemistry, the valence (US spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an atom is a measure of its combining capacity with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. Valence is generally understood to be the number of chemical bonds that each atom of a given chemical element typically forms. Double bonds are considered to be two bonds, triple bonds to be three, quadruple bonds to be four, quintuple bonds to be five and sextuple bonds to be six. In most compounds, the valence of hydrogen is 1, of oxygen is 2, of nitrogen is 3, and of carbon is 4. Valence is not to be confused with the related concepts of the coordination number, the oxidation state, or the number of valence electrons for a given atom.
K-1 PREMIUM 2007 Dynamite!!
K-1 PREMIUM 2007 Dynamite!! was an annual kickboxing and mixed martial arts event held by K-1 and Hero's on New Year's Eve, Monday December 31, 2007 at the Kyocera Dome Osaka in Osaka, Japan. It featured 7 HERO'S MMA rules fights, 4 K-1 rules fights, and 4 fights in the K-1 Under 18 Tournament.

The event attracted a sellout crowd of 47,918 to the Kyocera Dome Osaka, and was broadcast live across Japan on the TBS Network.

A fight between Sergei Kharitonov and Mighty Mo was scheduled to take place, but Mo was forced to withdraw due to leg injuries incurred during his last fight in K-1.

Sergei Kharitonov
Sergei Valerievich Kharitonov (Russian: Серге́й Вале́рьевич Харито́нов, romanized: Sergéj Valér'jevich Kharitónov, IPA: [sʲɪrˈɡʲej xərʲɪˈtonəf]; born August 18, 1980) is a Russian professional boxer, mixed martial artist and former kickboxer. A professional MMA competitor since 2000, Kharitonov has previously fought in Japanese MMA organizations PRIDE Fighting Championships & DREAM (Both in Japan), Bellator MMA, M-1 Global, Strikeforce, and GLORY.

Kharitonov has competed in two major mixed martial arts tournaments and one major kickboxing tournament. He holds notable wins over former EliteXC Middleweight Champion Murilo Rua, former K-1 Champion Semmy Schilt,  former Strikeforce Heavyweight Champion Alistair Overeem, and former UFC Heavyweight Champions Andrei Arlovski and Fabrício Werdum.
Arena X-Glide
Arena X-Glide is a swimsuit from the Arena brand, made of pure polyurethane that causes a swimmer to slide through water faster when swimming. One notable example of the efficacy of this suit design is that of Paul Biedermann of Germany who wore the suit in the 2009 World Championships, breaking two world records.  The design of the suit covers basically the whole torso and the legs with the impermeable polyurethane, thereby exposing less skin to the water and improving the swimmer's buoyancy and streamlined shape.  This significantly reduces the drag on the swimmer as they move through the water.

Paul Biedermann
Paul Biedermann (German pronunciation: [paʊ̯l ˈbiːdɐˌman] ⓘ; born 7 August 1986) is a German retired competitive swimmer, a 200 and 400 metre freestyle long course world champion. He holds the long course world record in the 200 meters freestyle, and formerly held world records in the long course 400 meters and the short course world records in the 200 and 400 meters freestyle.
Amanda Royle
Amanda Royle is a former British actress who appeared in British television dramas, including Miss Marple, At Bertram's Hotel, Agatha Christie's Poirot, Campion, Rosemary & Thyme and Bulman.

Royle's work on stage included portraying Franceschina in The Dutch Courtesan at the Orange Tree Theatre in 1992.

She is the sister of the actress Carol Royle. Their father, Derek Royle, was also an actor.

After completing an MA in integrative counselling and psychotherapy, Royle now works in Esher, Surrey, as a psychotherapist.

Rosemary & Thyme
Rosemary & Thyme is a British television cosy mystery thriller comedy drama series starring Felicity Kendal and Pam Ferris as gardening detectives Rosemary Boxer and Laura Thyme. The show began on ITV in 2003. The third series ended in August 2007. The theme is murder mysteries in the setting of professional gardening jobs. It was created by Brian Eastman to entertain his wife, Christabel Albery, who is an avid gardener. The show was directed by Brian Farnham (10 episodes, 2003–2006), Simon Langton (8 episodes, 2004–2006), Tom Clegg (3 episodes, 2003) and Gwennan Sage (1 episode, 2004). Clive Exton, who helped create the show, contributed 10 of the 22 scripts.
Saline River (Little River tributary)
The Saline River is an 80-mile-long (130 km) tributary of the Little River in southwestern Arkansas in the United States.  Via the Little and Red rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River.

It rises in the Ouachita Mountains in southeastern Polk County, in the Ouachita National Forest, and flows generally south through Howard County and along Howard County's boundary with Sevier County, through Dierks Lake, which is formed by a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dam.  It enters the Little River as part of Millwood Lake, which is formed by another USACE dam on the Little River.

Ouachita Mountains
The Ouachita Mountains (/ˈwɒʃɪtɔː/), simply referred to as the Ouachitas, are a mountain range in western Arkansas and southeastern Oklahoma. They are formed by a thick succession of highly deformed Paleozoic strata constituting the Ouachita Fold and Thrust Belt, one of the important orogenic belts of North America. The Ouachitas continue in the subsurface to the northeast, where they make a poorly understood connection with the Appalachians and to the southwest, where they join with the Marathon uplift area of West Texas. Together with the Ozark Plateaus, the Ouachitas form the U.S. Interior Highlands. The highest natural point is Mount Magazine at 2,753 feet (839 m).

The Ouachita Mountains is a Level III ecoregion designated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The region has been subdivided into six Level IV ecoregions.
Tom Stern (cinematographer)
Thomas Evans Stern, ASC, AFC (born December 16, 1946) is an American cinematographer.

He is best known for his collaboration with director Clint Eastwood from 2002 to 2018, which his work on Changeling earned him an Academy Award nomination 
for Best Cinematography.

American Society of Cinematographers
The American Society of Cinematographers (ASC), founded in Hollywood in 1919, is a cultural, educational, and professional organization that is neither a labor union nor a guild. The society was organized to advance the science and art of cinematography and gather a wide range of cinematographers to discuss techniques and ideas and to advocate for motion pictures as a type of art form. Currently, the president of the ASC is Mandy Walker.

Members use the post-nominal letters "ASC". On the 1920 film titled Sand!, cinematographer Joseph H. August, who was an original member of the ASC, became the first individual to have the "ASC" appear after his name on the onscreen credit.

Only cinematographers and special effect supervisors can become ASC members. Basic requirements include being a director of photography for a minimum five out of the last eight years, having a high professional reputation and being recommended by three active or retired ASC members.
RailTerm
RailTerm is a North American corporation which provides rail operation services including dispatching, track and signal maintenance, as well as intermodal terminal management. The company also provides signals, communications, and software systems, as well as licenses the TrainMaster Rail Traffic Control (RTC) software to independent railroads. In Canada, Rail-Term Inc. is located in Dorval, Quebec and Mississauga, Ontario. In the United States, RailTerm operates from Rutland, Vermont.

Dorval
Dorval (/dɔːrˈvæl/; French: [dɔʁval] ⓘ) is an on-island suburban city on the island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. In 2016, the Canadian Census indicated that the population increased by 4.2% to 18,980. Although the city has the largest surface area in Montréal’s west side, it is among the least densely populated. Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport constitutes about 60% of the city's land; consequently, all of Dorval's population is concentrated in the southern part of the city.

Dorval is the oldest city in the west side of Montréal, having been founded in 1667, and one of the oldest in Canada and North America.
Holy Jim Volunteer Fire Department
The Holy Jim Volunteer Fire Department (HJVFD) is a group of firefighters in remote Holy Jim Canyon in the Cleveland National Forest in Orange County, California.

The chief of the department is elected to the position by members of the community and department. The members of the fire department are certified and trained in basic life support and fighting wildfires.

The department performs 2 to 3 rescues of lost hikers a year and maintains its own stationhouse, one fire engine, six 5,000 gallon water tanks, a mile of water lines in the canyon and maintains its own weather station gauge at the stationhouse.

Orange Coast featured a four-page article on the firefighters in October 2008.

The station house now has only one fire engine. The other engine, Gertrude, was donated to a museum.

Fire station
A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatuses such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. Fire stations frequently contain working and living space for the firefighters and support staff.

In large U.S. cities, fire stations are often named for the primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the settlement, neighborhood or street where they are located, or given a number.
Trinitite
Trinitite, also known as atomsite or Alamogordo glass, is the glassy residue left on the desert floor after the plutonium-based Trinity nuclear bomb test on July 16, 1945, near Alamogordo, New Mexico. The glass is primarily made of arkosic sand composed of quartz grains and feldspar (both microcline and smaller amount of plagioclase with small amount of calcite, hornblende and augite in a matrix of sandy clay) that was melted by the atomic blast. It was first academically described in American Mineralogist in 1948.

It is usually a light green, although red trinitite was also found in one section of the blast site, and rare pieces of black trinitite formed. It is mildly radioactive but safe to handle. Pieces of the material remain at the Trinity site as of 2018, although most of it was bulldozed and buried by the United States Atomic Energy Commission in 1953.

Matrix (geology)
The matrix or groundmass of a rock is the finer-grained mass of material in which larger grains, crystals, or clasts are embedded.

The matrix of an igneous rock consists of finer-grained, often microscopic, crystals in which larger crystals, called phenocrysts, are embedded. This porphyritic texture is indicative of multi-stage cooling of magma. For example, porphyritic andesite will have large phenocrysts of plagioclase in a fine-grained matrix. Also in South Africa, diamonds are often mined from a matrix of weathered clay-like rock (kimberlite) called "yellow ground".

The matrix of sedimentary rocks is finer-grained sedimentary material, such as clay or silt, in which larger grains or clasts are embedded. It is also used to describe the rock material in which a fossil is embedded.
Wynn Irwin
Wynn Irwin (December 11, 1932 – February 15, 2018) was an American film and TV actor. He was known for his roles in From Here to Eternity (1979) and Lotsa Luck (1973).

Irwin was from New York City. Irwin was in and out of performing since high school, when he was in a comedy act at Catskills resorts. Then he bought and sold a small greeting cards and gift store, then returned to performing. He served in the Army and attended New York University for a few years.

Irwin played Arthur Swann from Lotsa Luck with Dom DeLuise from 1973 to 1974. Irwin has made numerous appearances in television shows like All in the Family, Barney Miller, Laverne & Shirley, The Mary Tyler Moore Show, and Hart to Hart.

He co-starred with Fannie Flagg in the television film Home Cookin' (1975)

He was reviewed for his performance in the play Marvin and Mel as coming off "like a ragpicker playing Lear".

Irwin had an ex-wife and a son, Andy. He died on February 15, 2018.

Fannie Flagg
Fannie Flagg (born Patricia Neal; September 21, 1944) is an American actress, comedian, and author. She is most notable as a frequent panelist on the 1973–1982 versions of the game show Match Game and for her 1987 novel Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Cafe, which she adapted into the script for the 1991 motion picture Fried Green Tomatoes. She was nominated for an Academy Award for the screenplay adaptation. Flagg lives in California and Alabama.
Cuthell
Cuthell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dick Cuthell (born 1949), English musician and record producer

Edith Cuthell (1853–1929), English short story writer

Rhona Cuthell, a.k.a. Kathleen Adair (1881–1961), Irish amateur golfer

Rhona Adair
Rhona Kathleen Adair (2 September 1881 – 27 March 1961) was an Irish amateur golfer. She won the British Ladies Amateur twice and the Irish Ladies' Close Championships four times at the start of the twentieth century.
Châteauguay-Laprairie
Châteauguay-Laprairie was a former provincial electoral district in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Many sources (including the National Assembly website) write it as Châteauguay-La Prairie, but contemporary sources show the "Laprairie" part of the name written as one word. This alternate way of spelling it is probably by analogy with the modern-day La Prairie electoral district, which was spelled "Laprairie" before 1988.

It was created for the 1939 election, from parts of the Châteauguay and Napierville-Laprairie electoral districts.  It existed for only that one election.  It disappeared in the 1944 election and its successor electoral district was the recreated Châteauguay.

La Prairie (provincial electoral district)
La Prairie (French pronunciation: [la pʁɛʁi]) is a provincial electoral district in Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  It notably consists of the city of La Prairie and three other smaller cities.  Prior to 1988, it was spelled as one word: Laprairie.

It was originally created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada).  Its final election was in 1919.  It disappeared in the 1923 election and its successor electoral district was Napierville-Laprairie.  It was recreated in for the 1973 election from parts of Chambly and Napierville-Laprairie.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost Saint-Constant and Saint-Mathieu to the newly created Sanguinet electoral district.
Parnawa Voivodeship
The Parnawa Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo parnawskie)  was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Duchy of Livonia, part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, since it was formed in 1598 until the Swedish conquest of Livonia in the 1620s. The seat of the voivode was Parnawa (Pärnu).

The voivodeship was created by King Zygmunt III Waza, and it was based on the Parnawa Presidency, created by King Stefan Batory in 1582, after the Truce of Yam-Zapolsky. It effectively ceased to exist in 1621, but officially, Parnawa Voivodeship existed until the Treaty of Oliva (1660). Its main towns were: Parnawa, Felin, Wolmar, Karkus, Salis, Lemsal, and Helme.

The title of Voivode of Parnawa, as well as other local titles, remained in use until the Partitions of Poland. It was one of the so-called fictitious titles (Polish: urzad fikcyjny).

Helme, Estonia
Helme (German: Helmet) is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Tõrva Parish, Valga County, in southern Estonia. Prior to the 2017 reform of Estonian municipalities, it was located in Helme Parish. It is located only 2 km (1 mi) northwest of the town of Tõrva by the Valga–Pärnu road (nr. 6). At the 2011 Census, the settlement's population was 167.
Judgement of Solomon (Mantegna)
Judgement of Solomon is a tempera on canvas painting of the Judgement of Solomon attributed to Andrea Mantegna and his collaborators. Dating to around c.1495, the painting is now in the Louvre,

Judgement imitates a marble bas-relief.  The only surviving preparatory drawing may be in Mantegna's own hand.

Andrea Mantegna
Andrea Mantegna (UK: /mænˈtɛnjə/, US: /mɑːnˈteɪnjə/; Italian: [anˈdrɛːa manˈteɲɲa]; c. 1431 – September 13, 1506) was an Italian Renaissance painter, a student of Roman archaeology, and the son-in-law of Jacopo Bellini.

Like other artists of the time, Mantegna experimented with perspective, e.g. by lowering the horizon in order to create a sense of greater monumentality. His flinty, metallic landscapes, and somewhat stony figures give evidence of a fundamentally sculptural approach to painting. He also led a workshop that was the leading producer of prints in Venice before 1500.
Dreadnots GFC
Dreadnots GFC is a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club that fields gaelic football teams in competitions organised by Louth GAA. It is located in the south Louth seaside village of Clogherhead.

The club has a local rivalry with neighbours St Fechin's. As of 2025, the club competes in the Louth Senior Championship and Division 1 of the county football Leagues.

Meath GAA
The Meath County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste na Mí) or Meath GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Meath, as well as for Meath county teams.