hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Dauphin's Entry Into Paris
The Dauphin's Entry Into Paris is an oil-on-canvas painting by the French Neoclassical artist Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, executed in 1821. It is now in the Wadsworth Atheneum collection in  Hartford, Connecticut.

As a small-scale painting of a scene from medieval history it belongs to the painter's Troubador style period. It shows the future Charles V of France returning to Paris on 2 August 1358 after a revolt there. It was commissioned by Amédée-David Pastoret, whose ancestor Jehan Pastoret, president of the parliament of Paris, is shown in red.

Troubadour style
Taking its name from medieval troubadours, the Troubadour Style (French: Style troubadour) is a rather derisive term, in English usually applied to French historical painting of the early 19th century with idealised depictions of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.  In French it also refers to the equivalent architectural styles. It can be seen as an aspect of Romanticism and a reaction against Neoclassicism, which was coming to an end at the end of the Consulate, and became particularly associated with Josephine Bonaparte and Caroline Ferdinande Louise, duchesse de Berry.  In architecture the style was an exuberant French equivalent to the Gothic Revival of the Germanic and Anglophone countries.  The style related to contemporary developments in French literature, and music, but the term is usually restricted to painting and architecture.
2022–23 Olympique Lyonnais Féminin season
The 2022–23 Olympique Lyonnais Féminin season was the club's nineteenth season since FC Lyon joined OL as its women's section. Olympique Lyonnais finished the season as Champions of the Division 1 Féminine, Coupe de France and Trophée des Championnes, whilst they were knocked out of the UEFA Champions League by Chelsea in the Quarterfinals.

2022 Trophée des Championnes
The 2022 Trophée des Championnes was the 2nd edition of the French Super Cup. The match was contested by the 2021–22 Division 1 Féminine champions, Lyon, and the 2021–22 Coupe de France Féminine winners, Paris Saint-Germain. The match was played at the Stade Marcel-Tribut in Dunkirk on 28 August 2022.
Andrew Madella
Andrew Frans Madella (born 12 July 1962) is a South African politician, disability rights activist, and former trade unionist. A member of the African National Congress (ANC), he served the Western Cape constituency in the National Assembly from 2005 to 2009 and from 2014 to 2019.

Madella is a social worker by training and rose to political prominence as the Provincial Secretary of the Western Cape branch of the National Education, Health and Allied Workers' Union (NEHAWU), an office he held from 1998 to 2005. He is also a former secretary-general of Disabled People South Africa.

Trade unions in South Africa
Trade unions in South Africa has a history dating back to the 1880s. From the beginning unions could be viewed as a reflection of the racial disunity of the country, with the earliest unions being predominantly for white workers. Through the turbulent years of 1948–1991 trade unions played an important part in developing political and economic resistance, and eventually were one of the driving forces in realising the transition to an inclusive democratic government.

Today trade unions are still an important force in South Africa, with 3.11 million members representing 25.3% of the formal work force. The Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) is the largest of the three major trade union centres, with a membership of 1.8 million, and is part of the Tripartite alliance with the ruling African National Congress (ANC) and the South African Communist Party (SACP).
Suva City (General Electors Communal Constituency, Fiji)
Suva City General Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 3 communal constituencies reserved for General Electors, an omnibus category including Caucasians, Chinese, and all others whose ethnicity was neither indigenous Fijian nor Indo-Fijian. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 68 seats, 43 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage).

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

1999 Fijian general election
General elections were held in Fiji between 8 and 15 May 1999. They were the first election held under the revised Constitution of 1997, which instituted a new electoral system and resulted in Mahendra Chaudhry taking office as Fiji's first Indo-Fijian Prime Minister, following a landslide victory for the Fiji Labour Party. It was also a wipeout loss for the incumbent Soqosoqo ni Vakavulewa ni Taukei (SVT) government of Sitiveni Rabuka, which lost all but eight seats and won less seats than the Fijian Association Party (FAP).
Charles Reemelin
Karl Gustav Rümelin, later Charles Reemelin (May 19, 1814, in Heilbronn, Germany – January 16, 1896, in Cincinnati, Ohio) was an American politician, author, lawyer and insurance salesman of German origin.

Heilbronn
Heilbronn (German pronunciation: [haɪlˈbʁɔn] ⓘ) is a city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, surrounded by the Heilbronn District.

From the late Middle Ages on, it developed into an important trading centre. At the beginning of the 19th century, Heilbronn became one of the centres of early industrialisation in Württemberg. Heilbronn's old town was completely destroyed during the air raid of 4 December 1944 and rebuilt in the 1950s. Today Heilbronn is the economic centre of the Heilbronn-Franken region.

Heilbronn is known for its wine industry and is nicknamed Käthchenstadt, after Heinrich von Kleist's Das Käthchen von Heilbronn.

In October 2025, Heilbronn was named the European Green Capital for 2027.
Doncaster Works
Doncaster Railway Works is a railway workshop located in Doncaster, England.

Also referred to as The Plant, it was established by the Great Northern Railway in 1853, replacing the previous works in Boston and Peterborough. Until 1867 it undertook only repairs and maintenance. Today the remaining part is operated by Wabtec.

Railway workshop
Railway workshops are railway facilities in which rolling stock is repaired. While often colocated with engine sheds to perform routine tasks as well as major repairs, in some countries separated concepts exist with railway workshops being specialized in major repairs and general inspections.

In German-speaking countries, the generic names Werkstatt, or specifically in Austria Hauptwerkstatt, are commonly used, except for Germany, where railway workshops maintained by Deutsche Bahn are called Ausbesserungswerk or simply Werk.
Stefan Michnik
Stefan Michnik (28 September 1929 – 27 July 2021) was a military judge of the Soviet-dominated regime in post-World War II Poland, and a captain in the communist Polish People's Army. He was involved in the politically-motivated arrest, trial, imprisonment and/or execution of a number of Polish anti-communist fighters and activists. Many of those persecuted by Michnik also fought against Nazi Germany during World War II, as members of the Polish resistance.

After de-stalinization, Michnik went into exile in 1968, and had lived in Storvreta, Sweden.

After the collapse of communism in Poland (1989), Michnik was formally implicated by the Polish justice system in communist crimes relating to his tenure as a military judge.

Polish resistance movement in World War II
In Poland, the resistance movement during World War II was led by the Home Army. The Polish resistance is notable among others for disrupting German supply lines to the Eastern Front (damaging or destroying 1/8 of all rail transports), and providing intelligence reports to the British intelligence agencies (providing 43% of all reports from occupied Europe). It was a part of the Polish Underground State.
Rusellae
Rusellae was an important ancient town of Etruria, Italy, which survived until the Middle Ages before being abandoned. The impressive archaeological remains lie in the modern frazione of Roselle (Italian: [roˈzɛlle]), near the city of Grosseto, Tuscany.

The remains of the ancient buildings were brought to light by means of a long campaign of excavations carried out under archaeologist Clelia Laviosa beginning in the 1950s. More recent work has revealed many more impressive buildings.

Etruria
Etruria (/ɪˈtrʊəriə/ ih-TROOR-ee-ə) was a region of Central Italy delimited by the rivers Arno and Tiber, an area that covered what is now most of Tuscany, northern Lazio, and north-western Umbria. It was inhabited by the Etruscans, an ancient civilization that flourished in the area from around the 8th century BC until they were assimilated into the Roman Republic in the 4th century BC.
Autostrada A1 (Italy)
The Autostrada A1 or Autostrada del Sole ("Sun motorway") is the longest (760 kilometres (470 mi)) autostrada (Italian for "motorway") in Italy, linking some of the largest cities of the country: Milan, Bologna, Florence, Rome, and Naples. The Autostrada A1 is located in the regions of Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany, Umbria, Lazio, and Campania. It is a part of the E35 and E45 European routes.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Indigenous media
Indigenous media can reference film, video, music, digital art, and sound produced and created by and for indigenous people. It refers to the use of communication tools, pathways, and outlets by indigenous peoples for their own political and cultural purposes.

Postcolonialism
Postcolonialism is the academic study of the cultural, political and economic consequences of colonialism and imperialism, focusing on the impact of human control and exploitation of colonized people and their lands. The field started to emerge in the 1960s, as scholars from previously colonized countries began publishing on the lingering effects of colonialism, developing an analysis of the history, culture, literature, and discourse of imperial power. It is part of the critical theory framework in broader sense, and more narrowly, critical race theory.
1878 Tennessee gubernatorial election
The 1878 Tennessee gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1878, to elect the next governor of Tennessee. Incumbent Democratic governor James D. Porter did not seek re-election. Democratic candidate Albert S. Marks was elected with 60.03% of the vote.

Marks was the first lifelong Democrat to be elected after the Civil War (his two predecessors, John C. Brown and James D. Porter, had been Whigs before the war).

John C. Brown
John Calvin Brown (January 6, 1827 – August 17, 1889) was a Confederate Army officer and an American politician and businessman.  Although he originally opposed secession, Brown fought for the Confederacy during the American Civil War, eventually rising to the rank of major general.  He later served as the 19th Governor of Tennessee from 1871 to 1875, and was president of the state's 1870 constitutional convention, which wrote the current Tennessee State Constitution.

A leader of the state's Bourbon Democrats, Brown dedicated much of his time as governor to solving the state's mounting debt issues.  Following his gubernatorial tenure, he advocated railroad construction, briefly serving as president of the Texas & Pacific Railroad in 1888, and as president of the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company in 1889.
1896 in birding and ornithology
Birds described in 1896 include  black-fronted bushshrike, buff-faced scrubwren, coppery-tailed coucal, crested white-eye, Madagascar plover, orange-billed lorikeet, Ruspoli's turaco, Visayan pygmy babbler, Storm's stork, green-headed oriole

Madagascar plover
The Madagascar plover (Anarhynchus thoracicus), also known as the black-banded plover, is a small (37 g) monogamous shorebird in the family Charadriidae, native to western Madagascar. It inhabits shores of lagoons, coastal grasslands, and breeds in salt marshes. These plovers mainly nest in open grassland and dry mudflats surrounding alkaline lakes. The species is classified as vulnerable by the IUCN because of its low breeding success, slow reproductive rate, and weak adaptation to increasing habitat loss, leading to declining population numbers.
Economic and Political Union of Lithuanian Farmers
The Economic and Political Union of Lithuanian Farmers (Lithuanian: Ekonominė ir politinė Lietuvos žemdirbių sąjunga or simply Žemdirbiai) was a political party in interwar Lithuania. Publisher Saliamonas Banaitis was the union's ideological leader. The union represented interests of larger landowners and opposed the 1922 land reform in Lithuania. The union fared poorly in the 1920–1923 Lithuanian parliamentary elections gaining less than 1.2% of the votes. Established in April 1919, it merged with the Party of National Progress in August 1924 to form the Lithuanian Nationalist Union but continued to formally exist until 1931.

Constituent Assembly of Lithuania
The Constituent Assembly of Lithuania or Constituent Seimas (Lithuanian: Steigiamasis Seimas) was the first parliament of the independent state of Lithuania to be elected in a direct, democratic, general, secret election. The Assembly assumed its duties on 15 May 1920 and was disbanded in October 1922.
ACA Memorial Park
The ACA Memorial Park is a public park and monument located in downtown Binghamton, New York at the intersection of Clinton and Front Streets. The park serves as a memorial to the thirteen victims of the 2009 Binghamton shooting at the American Civic Association. Following the tragedy, the park's creation was driven by a desire to provide a lasting tribute and a place for community healing. IBI-BCK Architects was selected to design and oversee construction of the park. The park incorporates symbolic elements such as a 'broken' column, glass bird sculptures, and personalized memorial plaques, reflecting the collective vision of the victim's families.

After the American Civic Association withdrew from the project, the City of Binghamton partnered with the families, providing the land and facilitating fundraising efforts. The park took four years of fundraising and construction to complete.

2009 Binghamton shooting
On April 3, 2009, a mass shooting occurred at the American Civic Association immigration center in Binghamton, New York. At approximately 10:30 a.m. EDT, Jiverly Antares Wong (also known as Jiverly Voong) entered the facility and killed thirteen people and wounded four others before committing suicide.

It is the deadliest mass shooting by a lone gunman in the state of New York.
MV Aorangi
MV Aorangi was a transpacific ocean liner and refrigerated cargo ship. She was launched in 1924 in Scotland and scrapped in 1953. Her regular route was between Sydney and Vancouver via Auckland, Suva and Honolulu.

Aorangi was owned firstly by the Union Steam Ship Company of New Zealand (popularly known as the "Union Company"), and later by the Canadian-Australasian Line, which was jointly owned by the Union Company and Canadian Pacific. Like many Union Company ships, she was registered in London in the United Kingdom.

Aorangi was a troop ship and depot ship in the Second World War.

When new, Aorangi was both the largest and the swiftest motor ship in the World. She was also the largest and swiftest ship in the Union Company fleet.

Port of London
The Port of London is that part of the River Thames in England lying between Teddington Lock and the defined boundary (since 1968, a line drawn from Foulness Point in Essex via Gunfleet Old Lighthouse to Warden Point in Kent) with the North Sea and including any associated docks. Once the largest port in the world, it was the United Kingdom's largest port as of 2020. Usage is largely governed by the Port of London Authority ("PLA"), a public trust established in 1908; while mainly responsible for coordination and enforcement of activities, it also has some minor operations of its own.

The port can handle cruise liners, roll-on roll-off ferries and cargo of all types at the larger facilities in its eastern extent. As with many similar historic European ports, such as Antwerp and Rotterdam, many activities have steadily moved downstream towards the open sea as ships have grown larger and the land upriver taken over for other uses.
Kilmurry Ibrickane (civil parish)
Kilmurry Ibrickane (Irish: Cill Mhuire Uí Bhreacáin) is a civil parish in County Clare, Ireland, The parish is part of the historic barony of Ibrickane. In 1837, it was co-extensive with the parish of the Established Church and of the Catholic Church. The civil parish contains the tiny settlement of Kilmurry which was the location of the church before the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland. Today, an ecclesiastical parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Killaloe of the same name exists which covers part of the civil parish. In the Church of Ireland, the parish is part of the "Drumcliffe Union with Kilnasoolagh" which covers the western part of the county of Clare, roughly that part located to the west of the M18 motorway.

M18 motorway (Ireland)
The M18 motorway (Irish: Mótarbhealach M18) is an inter-urban motorway in Ireland, forming part of the Limerick, Ennis to Galway national primary road, which, in turn, forms part of the Atlantic Corridor called for as part of the Transport 21 project.
The Sins of the Cities of the Plain
The Sins of the Cities of the Plain; or, The Recollections of a Mary-Ann, with Short Essays on Sodomy and Tribadism, by the pseudonymous "Jack Saul", is one of the first exclusively homosexual works of pornographic literature published in English. The book was first published in 1881 by William Lazenby, who printed 250 copies. A second edition was published by Leonard Smithers in 1902. It sold for an expensive four guineas.

Erotic literature
The term erotic literature refers to fictional or factual stories and accounts of eros (passionate, romantic, or sexual relationships) intended to sexually arouse readers. This may overlap yet also contrast with erotica, which focuses more specifically on sexual feelings. Other common elements are satire and social criticism. Much erotic literature features erotic art to illustrate the text.

Although cultural disapproval of erotic literature has always existed, its circulation was not seen as a major problem before the invention of printing, as the costs of producing individual manuscripts limited distribution to a very small group of wealthy and literate readers. The invention of printing, in the 15th century, brought with it both a greater market and increasing restrictions, including censorship and legal restraints on publication on the grounds of obscenity. Because of this, much of the production of this type of material became clandestine.
Ravi Tripathi
Ravi K. Tripathi is an Indian playback singer, composer and music director. He competed on the television music reality show Indian Idol in season 2 in 2006. He was the only Indian artist to have been invited to perform and represent India at the closing ceremony of the 2010 Asian Games, in Guangzhou, China.

Playback singer
A playback singer, as they are usually known in South Asian cinema, or ghost singer in Western cinema, is a vocalist whose performance is pre-recorded for use in film. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and the actors lip-sync the songs for camera; the actual playback singer does not get filmed or appear on screen. Generally, to synchronise with the emotional situation of the song or complete film, the playback singer is given an idea or emotional context of that part of the film so that they can interpret by taking the right moves in their vocals.
Athletics at the 1979 Pan American Games – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay
The women's 4 × 400 metres relay competition of the athletics events at the 1979 Pan American Games took place on 14 July at the Estadio Sixto Escobar. The defending Pan American Games champion was the Canadian team.

Estadio Sixto Escobar
Estadio Sixto Escobar is a multi-purpose stadium in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The stadium was named after boxer Sixto Escobar, the first champion of Puerto Rico, in 1938.

Originally built as a baseball venue, the stadium then became a frequent venue for football matches. In 1979, it was one of the three stadiums that served for the VIII Pan American Games held in San Juan. Nowadays, Sixto Escobar Stadium is the current home venue for C.A. San Juan.
Dearness allowance
Dearness Allowance (DA) is a cost-of-living adjustment, an increase made to the basic pay of government officials and public sector workers’ employees. Public sector unit employees are also government employees, but not civil servants. Some private sector employees and civil servant, are pensioners in India.

Dearness Allowance is calculated as a percentage of an Indian citizen's basic salary to mitigate the impact of inflation on people. Indian citizens may receive a basic salary or pension that is then supplemented by a housing or a dearness allowance, or both. The guidelines that govern the Dearness Allowance vary according to where one lives. Dearness Allowance is a fully taxable allowance.

The two types of Dearness Allowance are:

Dearness Allowance given under terms of employment.

Dearness Allowance not given under the terms of employment.

Consumer price index
A consumer price index (CPI) is a statistical estimate of the level of prices of goods and services bought for consumption purposes by households. It is calculated as the weighted average price of a market basket of consumer goods and services. Changes in CPI track changes in prices over time. The items in the basket are updated periodically to reflect changes in consumer spending habits. The prices of the goods and services in the basket are collected (often monthly) from a sample of retail and service establishments. The prices are then adjusted for changes in quality or features. Changes in the CPI can be used to track inflation over time and to compare inflation rates between different countries. While the CPI is not a perfect measure of inflation or the cost of living, it is a useful tool for tracking these economic indicators. It is one of several price indices calculated by many national statistical agencies.
Gandhran
Gandhran is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 6.8 km from Nakodar, 35 km from Kapurthala, 30 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 169 km from state capital Chandigarh. As per constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act, Gandhran village is administrated by Sarpanch (Head of Village) who is elected representative of village.

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.