hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hill Correctional Center
The Hill Correctional Center (HCC) is a medium-security adult male prison of the Illinois Department of Corrections in Galesburg, Illinois. The prison was opened in October 1986 and has an operational capacity of 1,867 prisoners.

Galesburg, Illinois
Galesburg is a city in Knox County, Illinois, United States. The city is 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Peoria. At the 2020 census, its population was 30,052. Galesburg is the home of Knox College, a private four-year liberal arts college, and Carl Sandburg College, a community college named for native-born poet Carl Sandburg.

Galesburg is the county seat of Knox County and the principal city of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Knox and Warren counties. A 496-acre (201 ha) section of the city is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Galesburg Historic District.
Borowicz
Borowicz (Polish pronunciation: [bɔˈrɔvitʂ]) is a Polish surname. Notable people include:

Germano Borovicz Cardoso Schweger (born 1981), Brazilian footballer

Katarzyna Borowicz (born 1985), Polish beauty queen

Krystyna Borowicz (1923–2009), Polish actress

Monika Borowicz (born 1982), Polish canoer

Brandon J. Borowicz (born 1984), American archaeologist, entrepreneur, professional Magic the Gathering player

Stephanie Borowicz (born c. 1977), American politician, member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives

Monika Borowicz
Monika Borowicz (born 5 January 1982) is a Polish sprint canoer who has competed since the late 2000s. She won a bronze medal in the K-4 500 m event at the 2007 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Duisburg.
Rethymnian Brewery
Rethymnian Brewery (Greek: Ρεθυμνιακή Ζυθοποιϊα) is a microbrewery situated near Armeni, Rethymno, Crete, Greece.

The company produces two types of beer using traditional organic methods and according to the German Reinheitsgebot of 1516. The hops are imported from Germany, biologically brewed, and the result is either a Rethymnian Blonde or Rethymnian Dark (both 4.8% ABV).

The beer is bottled in 0.33lt swing-top bottles.

Reinheitsgebot
The Reinheitsgebot (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnhaɪtsɡəˌboːt] ⓘ; lit. 'purity order') is a series of regulations limiting the ingredients in beer in Germany and the states of the former Holy Roman Empire. The best known version of the law was adopted in Bavaria in 1516 (by William IV), but similar regulations predate the Bavarian order, and modern regulations also significantly differ from the 1516 Bavarian version. Although today the Reinheitsgebot is mentioned in various texts about the history of beer, historically it was only applied in the duchy, electorate, then Kingdom of Bavaria and from 1906 in Germany as a whole, and it had little or no effect in other countries or regions. However, Norway adopted a similar law in 1912.
Geneva Cubs
The Geneva Cubs was the final moniker of the minor league baseball team located in Geneva, New York. Their home stadium was at McDonough Park.

Geneva teams played in the Border League (1947–1951) and New York–Penn League (1958–1973, 1977–1993).

Geneva teams were an affiliate of the Chicago Cubs (1977–1993), Minnesota Twins (1973), Texas Rangers (1972), Washington Senators (1970–1971), Pittsburgh Pirates (1969), Washington Senators/Texas Rangers (1963–1968), Cincinnati Reds (1958–1962) and Brooklyn Dodgers (1949).

Baseball Hall of Fame member Tony Perez Played for Geneva in 1960–1961. All-time MLB hits leader Pete Rose played for Geneva in 1960.

Geneva, New York
Geneva is a city in Ontario and Seneca counties in the U.S. state of New York. It is at the northern end of Seneca Lake; all land portions of the city are within Ontario County; the water portions are in Seneca County. The population was 12,812 at the 2020 census. The city is supposedly named after the city and canton of Geneva in Switzerland. The main settlement of the Seneca was spelled Zoneshio by early European settlers, and was described as being two miles north of Seneca Lake.

The city borders the town of Geneva and was once a part of it. The city identifies as the "Lake Trout Capital of the World."
Balakhani, Republic of Dagestan
Balakhani (Russian: Балахани; Avar: Балахьуни) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Balakhansky Selsoviet, Untsukulsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  2,164 (2010 Census); 1,555 (2002 Census); 1,134 (1989 Soviet census). There are 11 streets.

Untsukulsky District
Untsukulsky District (Russian: Унцукульский райо́н; Avar: Унсоколо мухъ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic. The area of the district is 560 square kilometers (220 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Untsukul. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 29,547, with the population of Untsukul accounting for 21.2% of that number.
2014 KML Playoffs
The 2014 KML Playoffs was the final phase of the 2013–14 KML season. The playoffs began on 16 April and ended on 21 May. The tournament concluded with Kalev/Cramo defeating TÜ/Rock 4 games to 0 in the finals. Vlad Moldoveanu was named KML Finals MVP.

KML Finals Most Valuable Player Award
The KML Finals Most Valuable Player Award (Estonian: Korvpalli Meistriliiga finaalseeria kõige väärtuslikum mängija) is an award for the top-tier professional basketball league in Estonia, the Korvpalli Meistriliiga (KML).
M. Selvaraj
M. Selvaraj was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly from Vridhachalam constituency as an Independent candidate  in 1957 election, and as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in 1971 election, and as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate from Kurinjipadi constituency in 1977 election.

Virudhachalam Assembly constituency
Vridhachalam is a legislative assembly constituency in Cuddalore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Before the 2008 delimitation, it was part of Chidambaram Lok Sabha constituency. Since 2008, it has been a part of Cuddalore Lok Sabha constituency. This constituency was won by popular actor Vijaykanth, during the 2006 Assembly election, under his new party Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu.
Shah Mir–Lohara War
The Shah Mir–Lohara War (Kashmiri: شاہ میر–لوہارا جنگ; Shah meer–Lohara Jang), also known as Kashmir Civil War (1338–1339), was a military conflict in the Kashmir Valley (now in Indian Administered Jammu and Kashmir) between the royal forces of the ruling Hindu Lohara dynasty, led by Kota Rani, against the rebellious Muslim Shah Mir dynasty, led by former courtier Shah Mir. It resulted in the overthrowing of the Loharas and the revival of the Kashmir Sultanate.

Kashmiri language
Kashmiri (English: /kæʃˈmɪəri/ kash-MEER-ee), also known by its endonym Koshur (Kashmiri: کٲشُر (Perso-Arabic, Official Script), pronounced [kəːʃur]), is an Indo-Aryan language of the Dardic branch spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris of the Kashmir region, primarily in the Kashmir Valley and surrounding hills of the Indian-administrated union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, over half the population of that territory. Kashmiri has split ergativity and the unusual verb-second word order.

Since 2020, it has been made an official language of Jammu and Kashmir along with Dogri, Hindi, Urdu and English. Kashmiri is also among the 22 scheduled languages of India.

Kashmiri is spoken by roughly five percent of Pakistani-administrated Azad Kashmir's population.
March of Happiness
March of Happiness is a 1999 Taiwanese film directed by Lin Cheng-sheng. It tells the story of a teenage romance in a performing troupe set against the backdrop of the Japanese occupation and the 228 Massacre. Several characters are either historical or based on historical people.

The film was Taiwan's official Best Foreign Language Film submission at the 72nd Academy Awards, but did not manage to receive a nomination. The film was also screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1999 Cannes Film Festival.

There are two slightly different versions. In the TV version shown on Formosa Television, the film ends with both protagonists singing the theme song together, even though the male protagonist was already dead. In the cinema version, the film ends with the female protagonist singing the song by herself in a much slower tempo. The TV version is about 9 minutes longer.

Formosa Television
Formosa Television (Chinese: 民間全民電視公司; pinyin: Mínjiān Quánmín Diànshì Gōngsī; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bîn-kan Chôan-bîn Tiān-sī Kong-si) is a television station based in New Taipei City, Taiwan.

Established on March 27, 1996, FTV began broadcasting on June 11, 1997 as the first free-to-air television station established without direct relationship to a political party or the Taiwanese government. On May 24, 2004, FTV was among the first free-to-air channels in Taiwan to switch from terrestrial analog signal to digital television.
Telotristat ethyl
Telotristat ethyl (USAN, brand name Xermelo) is a prodrug of telotristat, which is an inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase. It is formulated as telotristat etiprate — a hippurate salt of telotristat ethyl.

On February 28, 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved telotristat ethyl in combination with somatostatin analog (SSA) therapy for the treatment of adults with diarrhea associated with carcinoid syndrome that SSA therapy alone has inadequately controlled. Telotristat ethyl was approved for use in the European Union in September 2017.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

First-in-class medication
A first-in-class medication is a prototype drug that uses a "new and unique mechanism of action" to treat a particular medical condition. While the Food and Drug Administration's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research tracks first-in-class medications and reports on them annually, first-in-class is not considered a regulatory category. Although many first-in-class medications qualify as breakthrough therapies, Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapies and/or orphan drugs, first-in-class status itself has no regulatory effect.
TR ML class
The TR ML class, later known and expanded as the EAR 26 class, was a class of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge 2-8-2 steam locomotives designed for and ordered by the Tanganyika Railway (TR), as a development of the TR MK class.

The six members of the ML class were built in 1947 by W. G. Bagnall, in Stafford, England, and delivered to the TR.  They were later operated by the TR's successor, the East African Railways (EAR), as its 26 class.  In 1952, six further members of the 26 class were delivered to the EAR.  They had been built by Vulcan Foundry, of Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire (now part of Merseyside), England, and Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns of North East England.

Stafford
Stafford (/ˈstæfərd/) is a market town and the county town of Staffordshire, England. It is located about 15 miles (24 km) south of Stoke-on-Trent, 15 miles (24 km) north of Wolverhampton and 24 miles (39 km) north-west of Birmingham. The town had a population of 71,673 at the 2021 census, and is the main settlement within the larger Borough of Stafford, which had a population of 136,837 in 2021.

Stafford has Anglo-Saxon roots, being founded in 913, when Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, founded a defensive burh; it became the county town of Staffordshire soon after. Stafford became an important market town in the Middle Ages and later grew into an important industrial town, due to the proliferation of shoemaking, engineering and electrical industries.
Emma Dench
Emma Dench (born 1963) is an English ancient historian, classicist, and academic administrator. She has been McLean Professor of Ancient and Modern History at Harvard University since 2014, and Dean of its Graduate School of Arts and Sciences since 2018. Her previous positions include Professor of Ancient History at Birkbeck, University of London, and Professor of Classics and of History at Harvard.

Academic administration
Academic administration is a branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the faculty or academics, although some personnel may have joint responsibilities. Some type of separate administrative structure exists at almost all academic institutions. Fewer institutions are governed by employees who are also involved in academic or scholarly work. Many senior administrators are academics who have advanced degrees and no longer teach or conduct research.
Ministry of Religious Affairs and Inter-faith Harmony
The Ministry of Religious Affairs and Interfaith Harmony (Urdu: وزارت مذہبی امور و بین المذاہب ہم آہنگی, abbreviated as MoRA) is a government agency of Pakistan responsible for religious matters such as pilgrimage outside Pakistan, especially to Iran and Iraq for Ziyarat, and Saudi Arabia for Umrah and Hajj. It is also responsible for the welfare and safety of pilgrims. The agency has its headquarters in Islamabad.

The Ministry was established by Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Its first minister was Maulana Kausar Niazi.

Umrah
The Umrah (Arabic: عُمْرَة, lit. 'to visit a populated place') is an Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, the holiest city for Muslims, located in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia. It can be undertaken at any time of the year, in contrast to the Ḥajj  (/hædʒ/; "pilgrimage"), which has specific dates according to the Islamic lunar calendar. However, during the Hajj season (Dhu al-Hijjah), only those who are performing Hajj are permitted to perform Umrah, as per regulations set by the Saudi government to manage crowd control and ensure safety.
Bimol Akoijam
Angomcha Bimol Akoijam is Indian academic, filmmaker and politician, from Imphal,Manipur. He is an associate professor at the Jawaharlal Nehru University's School of Social Sciences,
and a public intellectual. He was elected to the 18th Lok Sabha from Inner Manipur constituency in Manipur in the 2024 Indian general election as a member of the Indian National Congress

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.
2011 Cellular South Cup – Doubles
Vania King and Michaëlla Krajicek were the defending champions; however, they were eliminated by Olga Govortsova and Alla Kudryavtseva in the semifinals.
Finally, Govortsova and Kudryavtseva defeated Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in the final, 6–3, 4–6, [10–8].

Michaëlla Krajicek
Michaëlla Krajicek (Czech: Michaela Krajíčková; born 9 January 1989) is a Dutch former professional tennis player. She has won three singles and five doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as one WTA 125 doubles title, and 14 titles in singles and 24 in doubles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 11 February 2008, she reached her highest WTA singles ranking of world No. 30. On 23 March 2015, she peaked at No. 23 in the doubles rankings.
Louping ill
Louping-ill (/ˈlaʊpɪŋɪl/) is an acute viral disease primarily of sheep that is characterized by a biphasic fever, depression, ataxia, muscular incoordination, tremors, posterior paralysis, coma, and death. Louping-ill is a tick-transmitted disease whose occurrence is closely related to the distribution of the primary vector, the sheep tick Ixodes ricinus. It also causes disease in red grouse, and can affect humans. The name 'louping-ill' is derived from an old Scottish word describing the effect of the disease in sheep whereby they 'loup' or spring into the air.

Tremor
A tremor is an involuntary, somewhat rhythmic muscle contraction and relaxation involving oscillations or twitching movements of one or more body parts. It is the most common of all involuntary movements and can affect the hands, arms, eyes, face, head, vocal folds, trunk, and legs. Most tremors occur in the hands. In some people, a tremor is a symptom of another neurological disorder.
Clifford module
In mathematics, a Clifford module is a representation of a Clifford algebra. In general a Clifford algebra C is a central simple algebra over some field extension L of the field K over which the quadratic form Q defining C is defined.

The abstract theory of Clifford modules was founded by a paper of M. F. Atiyah, R. Bott and Arnold S. Shapiro. A fundamental result on Clifford modules is that the Morita equivalence class of a Clifford algebra (the equivalence class of the category of Clifford modules over it) depends only on the signature p − q (mod 8). This is an algebraic form of Bott periodicity.

Michael Atiyah
Sir Michael Francis Atiyah (/əˈtiːə/; 22 April 1929 – 11 January 2019) was a British-Lebanese mathematician specialising in geometry. His contributions include the Atiyah–Singer index theorem and co-founding topological K-theory. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1966 and the Abel Prize in 2004.
Charleroi School District
The Charleroi School District is a public school district covering the Boroughs of Charleroi, Dunlevy, North Charleroi, Speers, Stockdale, Twilight, and Fallowfield Township in Washington County, Pennsylvania. The district includes the census-designated place of Van Voorhis.

Stockdale, Pennsylvania
Stockdale is a borough that is located in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was founded on April 28, 1894.

The borough has been home to eastern European immigrants who supported the local coal and steel industries.

The population was 424 at the time of the 2020 census.
Alexander Borthwick
Alexander Hay Borthwick (27 May 1884 – 5 May 1942) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Maffra to banker William Borthwick and Ada Maud Bell. He worked for the Standard Bank of South Africa for a decade after leaving school, and in 1911 returned to Victoria to farm at Fulham. During World War I he served with the 8th Light Horse Regiment at Gallipoli and was wounded at the battle of the Nek; he also lost an arm in Palestine at the battle of Romani. Around 1916 he married Eve Sage, with whom he had seven children. After the war he farmed at Kilmany and in 1926 co-founded a stock and station agency based in Sale. In 1938 he won a by-election for the Victorian Legislative Assembly seat of Gippsland North, representing the Country Party. He served until his death in Sale in 1942.

Sale, Victoria
Sale is a city situated in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia and the council capital of the Shire of Wellington. It had an estimated population of 15,305 in 2022 according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The total population including the immediate area around the town is approximately 19,000 according to shire website.
Stand Up and Cheer!
Stand Up and Cheer! is a 1934 American Pre-Code musical film directed by Hamilton MacFadden. The screenplay by Lew Brown and Ralph Spence was based upon a story idea by Will Rogers and Philip Klein. The film is about efforts undertaken during the Great Depression to boost the morale of the country. It is essentially a vehicle for a string of vaudeville acts and a few musical numbers. The film is best known for providing the first big breakthrough role for legendary child actress Shirley Temple. A little known bit player before the film, by the end of the year, she appeared in 10 movies, including 4 starring roles in major feature-length films.

Stepin Fetchit
Lincoln Theodore Monroe Andrew Perry (May 30, 1902 – November 19, 1985), better known by his stage name Stepin Fetchit, was an American vaudevillian, comedian, and film actor of Jamaican and Bahamian descent, considered to be the first black actor to have a successful film career. His highest profile was during the 1930s in films and on stage, when his persona of Stepin Fetchit was billed as the "Laziest Man in the World".

Perry parlayed the Fetchit persona into a successful film career, becoming the first black actor to earn $1 million. He was also the first black actor to receive featured screen credit in a film.

Perry's film career slowed after 1939 and nearly stopped altogether after 1953. Around that time, Black Americans began to see his Stepin Fetchit persona as an embarrassing and harmful anachronism, echoing negative stereotypes. However, writer Mel Watkins has since argued the Stepin Fetchit character is better described as a prankster rather than simply lazy.
Transition to Teaching
The Transition to Teaching grant is a US Federal program intended to attract and retain mid-career professionals into the field of teaching at "high need" schools.

Candidates are paid a stipend of $1,000 per year for their first 2 years in order to ease the transition to the profession. During those two years, they are required to receive their teaching credential at their own expense. If they commit to a 3rd year, they receive an additional $3,000 stipend.

The program tends to benefit Teach For America candidates. Sometimes while a new teacher completes the requirements for the grant, the school is reclassified as no longer a "high-need" school; in that case, the newly arrived teacher does not receive any of the money upon completion of the certification and 3rd year commitment.

Teach For America
Teach For America (TFA) is an American nonprofit organization whose stated mission is to "enlist, develop, and mobilize as many as possible of our nation's most promising future leaders to grow and strengthen the movement for educational excellence."

The organization aims to accomplish this by recruiting and selecting college graduates from top universities around the United States to serve as teachers. The selected members, known as "corps members," commit to teaching for at least two years in a traditional public or public charter K–12 school in one of the 52 low-income communities that the organization serves.
Coppersmith's attack
Coppersmith's attack describes a class of cryptographic attacks on the public-key cryptosystem RSA based on the Coppersmith method. Particular applications of the Coppersmith method for attacking RSA include cases when the public exponent e is small or when partial knowledge of a prime factor of the secret key is available.

Plaintext
In cryptography, plaintext usually means unencrypted information pending input into cryptographic algorithms, usually encryption algorithms. This usually refers to data that is transmitted or stored unencrypted.
Herbert Arnarson
Herbert Svavar Arnarson (born May 4, 1970) is an Icelandic former basketball player and a former member of Icelandic national team. In 1995, he was the second player to be named both the Úrvalsdeild karla Domestic Player of the Year and the Young Player of the Year in the same season. In 1998 he helped Racing Antwerpen to the Belgian Basketball League finals where it lost to Spirou Charleroi.

1990 NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament
The 1990 NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1989-90 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by Kentucky Wesleyan College, with Wade Green of runner-up California State University, Bakersfield named the Most Outstanding Player.