hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ageratum conyzoides
Ageratum conyzoides (billygoat-weed, chick weed, goatweed, whiteweed, mentrasto) is native to Tropical America, especially Brazil, and is an invasive weed in many other regions. It is an herb that is 0.5–1 m. high, with ovate leaves 2–6 cm long, and flowers are white to mauve.

In Vietnamese, the plant is called cứt lợn (meaning "pig feces") due to its growth in dirty areas.

Narsapur, Medak district
Narsapur formally Gandi Narsapuram, is a census town in Medak district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is located in Narsapur mandal.

Narsapur is a Municipality. Narsapur is located 50 km from Hyderabad
Sharmila Rege
Sharmila Rege (7 October 1964 – 13 July 2013) was an Indian sociologist, feminist scholar and author of Writing Caste, Writing Gender. She led the Krantijyoti Savitribai Phule Women's Studies Centre, (the department of Gender Studies) at University of Pune since 1991. She received the Malcolm Adiseshiah award for distinguished contribution to development studies from the Madras Institute of Development Studies (MIDS) in 2006. She died of colon cancer on 13 July 2013.

Madras Institute of Development Studies
The Madras Institute of Development Studies (MIDS) is a research institute based in Chennai. It is a joint undertaking of the Governments of India and Tamil Nadu for conducting research on development problems in Tamil Nadu and the rest of India.
Russell Dickson (footballer, born 1964)
Russell Dickson (born 28 January 1964) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Dickson, a Greensborough recruit, kicked four goals on debut for Collingwood, against North Melbourne at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in the opening round of the 1985 VFL season. It was the first ever Victorian Football League game to be played under lights at the MCG. He played a further ten games that year, six in 1986 and three in 1987.

From 2005 to 2007, Dickson was senior coach of Greensborough. He coached them to the 2006 DVFL Division II premiership.

Northern Football Netball League
The Northern Football Netball League (NFNL), formerly known as the Diamond Valley Football League (DVFL) and later the Northern Football League (NFL), is an Australian rules football and netball competition based in the Diamond Valley region of suburban Melbourne, Victoria.
Wayne Henderson (musician)
Wayne Maurice Henderson (September 24, 1939 – April 5, 2014) was an American jazz fusion and soul jazz trombonist and record producer. In 1961, he co-founded the soul jazz/jazz fusion group The Jazz Crusaders. Henderson left the group (who by then had changed their name to The Crusaders) in 1976 to pursue a career in producing, but revived The Jazz Crusaders in 1995.

In 2007, Henderson took a position with the California College of Music in Pasadena, California.

Henderson had suffered from diabetes and died of heart failure at a Culver City hospital on April 5, 2014, at age 74.

California College of Music
California College of Music (abbreviated CCM) is a for-profit, contemporary popular music school in Pasadena, in Los Angeles County, California. The institution was first founded in 1999 as the Pasadena International Music Academy, and changed its name to California College of Music in 2008. It currently offers six-quarter Associate of Arts degrees in music performance (voice, guitar, bass, drums, and piano/keyboards) as well as a four-quarter and two-quarter Certificate program in Music Performance and Songwriting & Music Production.

California College of Music is an accredited institutional member of the National Association of Schools of Music.
Josiah Masters
Josiah Masters (November 22, 1763 – June 30, 1822) was a United States representative from New York. Born in Woodbury, Litchfield County, Connecticut, he graduated from Yale College in 1783. He studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Schaghticoke, Rensselaer County, New York. He was a member of the New York State Assembly in 1792, 1800, and 1801, and served as supervisor of Schaghticoke in 1796. He was a justice of the peace in Rensselaer County from 1801 to 1805, was a trustee of Lansingburgh Academy, and was school commissioner of Schaghticoke.

Masters was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, holding office from March 4, 1805 to March 3, 1809. He was founder of the Schaghticoke Powder Co. and judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Rensselaer County from 1808 to 1822. He died in Fairfield, Connecticut in 1822; interment was in the Masters Cemetery, near Schaghticoke, New York.

New York's congressional delegations
These are tables of congressional delegations from New York to the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate.

The dean of the New York delegation is Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-Brooklyn), who has served in Congress since 1981, in the Senate since 1999, and as the leader of the Senate Democratic Caucus since 2017.
Efim Alexandrov
Efim Alexandrov (born Efimian  Ziсerman; 13 May 1960, Pidvolochysk Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukrainian SSR) is a Russian artist of the "spoken word” genre (stand-up comedian) and performer of Jewish music. He focuses in particular on Yiddish folk songs, intent on preserving a culture of Klezmer that is considered endangered in Eastern Europe and Russia. He is a Meritorious Artist. (2007).

Pidvolochysk Raion
Pidvolochysk Raion (Ukrainian: Підволочиський район) was a raion (district) in Ternopil Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Pidvolochysk. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Pidvolochysk Raion was merged into Ternopil Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 40,668 (2020 est.).

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:

Pidvolochysk settlement hromada with the administration in Pidvolochysk;

Skalat urban hromada with the administration in the city of Skalat;

Skoryky rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Skoryky.
Sanky-panky
A sanky-panky or sanky is a male sex worker, found in the Dominican Republic. A sanky-panky solicits on beaches and has clients of either both sexes or only women. When with men, the sanky-panky assumes an active (a.k.a. top) role, but when with women, assumes the role of an ideal lover.

While strictly speaking they are not prostitutes, since they do not directly negotiate money for sex, sanky-pankies are more likely to develop a pseudo-relationship which can be continued after the guest returns home. They then might attempt to ask for money to be sent to them primarily by wire transfer, often using elaborate stories of need, involving (for example) sick relatives. A sanky's ultimate goal is often to obtain a marriage visa to the tourist's native country, and marry the tourist before abandoning her.

Another word used for a sanky panky is chapeador (or chapi chapi) A lady is called a chapeadora. This word is derived from the verb "chapear" (to trim or cut, especially with a machete).

Top, bottom, and versatile
In human sexuality: top, bottom, and versatile are roles during sexual activity, especially between two (or more) males. A top is usually a person who penetrates, a bottom is usually one who receives penetration, and someone who is versatile engages in either or both roles. These terms may be elements of self-identity that indicate an individual's usual preference and habits, but might also describe broader sexual identities and social roles.

The terms top and bottom do not refer to the literal physical position during sex.

For men who have sex with men and do not engage in anal sex, the term "side" has been proposed and has seen commercial use. Side men do not engage in anal sex but rather enjoy non-penetrative sex.
William Clerke (MP)
William Clerke (by 1527–1587?), of Ponsbourne, Hertfordshire, was an English politician.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Wilton April 1554, November 1554,
1555, 1558 and 1572, for Calne in 1563 and for Devizes in 1571.

Devizes (UK Parliament constituency)
Devizes /dɪvaɪzɪz/ was a constituency in Wiltshire, England, which included four towns and many villages in the middle and east of the county. The seat was held by members of the Conservative Party continuously for a century from 1924.

Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was subject to boundary changes which entailed the loss of the town of Devizes to the newly created constituency of Melksham and Devizes. As a consequence, it was renamed East Wiltshire, and first contested under its new name at the 2024 general election.
Derek Seguin
Derek Seguin is a Canadian stand-up comedian. Of mixed French Canadian and Irish descent, he is best known for comedy which plays on the cultural differences between English Canada and French Canada, which he performs in an intentionally exaggerated stereotype of a Québécois accent.

Just for Laughs
Just for Laughs (French: Juste pour rire) is a comedy festival that is held every July in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Founded in 1982 by Gilbert Rozon, it is the largest international comedy festival in the world. In addition to the festivals themselves, Just for Laughs also developed, produced, and distributed other forms of comedy entertainment, such as television programming.

In March 2024, it was announced that Just for Laughs as a business went bankrupt, and consequently, all of its festivals were cancelled. The media speculated about its future in Montreal, and how it could be uncertain. In May, however, ComediHa, another Quebec-based company specializing in comedy, announced its acquisition of several assets, including the festival. It was then announced that the anglophone festival would go on, albeit smaller, and without the usual televised galas.
2016 Fermanagh Senior Football Championship
The 2016 Fermanagh Senior Football Championship was the 110th edition of the Fermanagh GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for senior clubs in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. The tournament consists of 8 teams, with the winner representing Fermanagh in the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship. The championship had a straight knock-out format.

Derrygonnelly Harps entered as defending champions after their victory over Roslea Shamrocks the previous year.

Derrygonnelly successfully defended their title after defeating Erne Gaels in the final by a point.

Fermanagh GAA
The Fermanagh County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael, Coiste Chontae Fear Manach) or Fermanagh GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland and is responsible for the administration of Gaelic games in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland.

The county football team reached an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship semi-final replay in 2004, its best performance in the competition.
Excimer laser
An excimer laser, sometimes more correctly called an exciplex laser, is a form of ultraviolet laser which is commonly used in the production of microelectronic devices, semiconductor based integrated circuits or "chips", eye surgery, and micromachining.

Since the 1960s, excimer lasers have been widely used in high-resolution photolithography machines, one of the critical technologies required for microelectronic chip manufacturing.

United States Naval Research Laboratory
The United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is the corporate research laboratory for the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps. Located in Washington, DC, it was founded in 1923 and conducts basic scientific research, applied research, technological development and prototyping. The laboratory's specialties include plasma physics, space physics, materials science, and tactical electronic warfare. NRL is one of the first US government scientific R&D laboratories, having opened in 1923 at the instigation of Thomas Edison, and is currently under the Office of Naval Research.

As of 2016, NRL was a Navy Working Capital Fund activity, which means it is not a line-item in the US Federal Budget. Instead of direct funding from Congress, all costs, including overhead, were recovered through sponsor-funded research projects. NRL's research expenditures were approximately $1 billion per year.
WRU Division Five South Central
The Welsh Rugby Union Division Five South Central (also called the SWALEC Division Five South Central for sponsorship reasons) is a rugby union league in Wales first implemented for the 1995/96 season.

Bryncethin RFC
Bryncethin Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team based in Bryncethin, South Wales. Formed in 1890, the club is a member of the Welsh Rugby Union and presently play in the WRU Division Five South Central.
Van Antwerp
Van Antwerp is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edith Chesebrough Van Antwerp (1881–1949), American golfer

Eugene Van Antwerp (1889–1962), American mayor

Howard Van Antwerp (1898–1992), American football player and attorney

Jack Van Antwerp (born 1963), American photojournalist

Robert L. Van Antwerp, Jr. (born 1950), United States Army general

Verplanck Van Antwerp (1807–1875), United States Union Army general

Verplanck Van Antwerp
Verplanck S. Van Antwerp (8 June 1807 – 2 December 1875) was a Brevet Brigadier General in the Union Army during the American Civil War and served as U.S. Land Office Receiver and Secretary to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
Bronina
Bronina [brɔˈnina] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Busko-Zdrój, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Busko-Zdrój and 48 km (30 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Busko County
Busko (Polish: powiat buski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Busko-Zdrój, which lies 47 kilometres (29 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

The county covers an area of 967.39 square kilometres (373.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 67,821, out of which the population of Busko-Zdrój is 15,832 and the rural population is 51,989.
Kolob Reservoir
Kolob Reservoir is a reservoir in southern Utah on Kolob Mountain, created by the 1956 Kolob Creek Dam.

There are two entrances to Kolob: one is in the town of Virgin and the other is near Cedar City, Utah. From December to May snow covers all the roads, and a snowmobile is required for access. The reservoir is surrounded by private land, used for grazing along as the private property so camping is only allowed near the lake. There are fences marking the start of private land on almost all shores of the reservoir. One can fish the reservoir, but there are special regulations.

Cedar City, Utah
Cedar City is the largest city in Iron County, Utah, United States. Located 250 miles (400 km) south of Salt Lake City, it is 170 miles (270 km) north of Las Vegas on Interstate 15. Southern Utah University is located in Cedar City. It is the home of the Utah Shakespeare Festival, the Utah Summer Games, the Simon Fest Theatre Co., and other events. As of the 2020 census the city had a population of 35,235, up from 28,857 in the 2010 census.
Methodist Church in Malaysia
The Methodist Church in Malaysia is a body within the Methodist tradition in Malaysia. With approximately 200,000 members in more than 1034 congregations (local and preaching points), it is the second largest Protestant denomination in the country after Sidang Injil Borneo. The current bishop of the Methodist Church in Malaysia is the Rev. Dr. T. Jeyakumar.

The other body of Methodists in Malaysia is the Free Methodist Church in Malaysia, founded in 2002.

Senoi
The Senoi (/ˈsɛnɔɪ/; also spelled Sengoi and Sng'oi) are a group of Malaysian peoples classified among the Orang Asli, the indigenous peoples of Peninsular Malaysia. They are the most numerous of the Orang Asli and widely distributed across the peninsula. The Senois speak various branches of Aslian languages, which in turn form a branch of Austroasiatic languages. Many of them are also bilingual in the national language, the Malaysian language (Bahasa Melayu).
Machairas
Machairas can refer to:

Leontios Machairas, a 15th-century Cypriot Greek historian

Machairas Monastery, a 12th-century monastery in Cyprus

Machairas Forest, a state forest and park in Cyprus

Machairas, Aetolia-Acarnania, a village in the municipal unit Astakos, western Greece

Machairas Monastery
Machairas Monastery (Greek: Μαχαιράς [locally [maʃeˈɾas]]) is a historic monastery dedicated to the Virgin Mary located about 40 km from the capital of Cyprus, Nicosia. It lies at an altitude of about 900 m and was founded at the end of the 12th century close to the current village of Lazanias, in the Machairas Forest.
Ekolot
PPHU Ekolot is a Polish aircraft manufacturer based in Korczyna, Podkarpackie Voivodeship, with its factory in Krosno. The company was formed in 1995 and its director is Henryk Słowik.

The company specializes in the design and manufacture of ultralight aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction and ready-to-fly aircraft for the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight and the American light-sport aircraft categories.

Working in composite materials, the company produces the Jerzy Krawczyk-designed Ekolot JK 01A Elf motorglider and two ultralight aircraft, the strut-braced Ekolot JK-05L Junior and the cantilever-wing Ekolot KR-030 Topaz. The Topaz has been accepted by the US Federal Aviation Administration as a light-sport aircraft.

Motor glider
A motor glider is a fixed-wing aircraft that can be flown with or without engine power. The FAI Gliding Commission Sporting Code definition is: a fixed-wing aerodyne equipped with a means of propulsion (MoP), capable of sustained soaring flight without thrust from the means of propulsion.
James Omondi (boxer)
James Omondi (born 17 February 1958) is a Kenyan boxer. He competed in the men's heavyweight event at the 1984 Summer Olympics. Omondi was the flag bearer for Kenya in the opening ceremony of the 1984 Summer Olympics.

1984 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations
During the parade of nations portion of the 1984 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.
Kamence, Brežice
Kamence (pronounced [ˈkaːmɛntsɛ]; in older sources also Kamenica) is a small village in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the eastern slopes of the Gorjanci Mountains, close to the border with Croatia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

The remoteness of the settlement has contributed to the fact that it has preserved its character, with typical mid-19th-century rural architecture including rectangular stone and wooden houses as well as original outbuildings such as barns, granaries, and hayracks. As such, the entire village has been declared a monument of cultural heritage by the Slovenian Ministry of Culture.

Granary
A granary, also known as a grain house and historically as a granarium in Latin, is a post-harvest storage building primarily for grains or seeds. Granaries are typically built above the ground to prevent spoilage and protect the stored grains or seeds from rodents, pests, floods, and adverse weather conditions. They also assist in drying the grains to prevent mold growth. Modern granaries may incorporate advanced ventilation and temperature control systems to preserve the quality of the stored grains.
Andrew Hughes (police officer)
Andrew Charles Hughes APM (6 June 1956 – 28 August 2018 ) was an Australian police officer of the Australian Federal Police (AFP) who served as the Chief Police Officer (CPO) for the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and the Head of the United Nations Police Division. The CPO position is similar to the role of Australian Commissioners of Police, that is, the chief executive of the ACT Policing component of the AFP.  ACT Policing forms one of the larger operating components of Australia's national policing agency, the Australian Federal Police. He was also Commissioner of Police in Fiji from 2003 to 2006. Hughes died of bowel cancer in 2018, aged 62.

Prime Minister of Fiji
The prime minister of Fiji is the head of government of the Republic of Fiji. The prime minister is appointed under the terms of the 2013 Constitution. The prime minister is the head of the Cabinet and appoints and dismisses ministers.
WNHV
WNHV (910 AM) was a radio station licensed to White River Junction, Vermont, United States. The station served the Lebanon-Rutland-White River area. The station was owned by Nassau Broadcasting III, LLC.

Lebanon, New Hampshire
Lebanon (/ˈlɛbənən/ LEB-ən-ən) is the only city in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 14,282 at the 2020 census, up from 13,151 at the 2010 census. Lebanon is in western New Hampshire, south of Hanover, near the Connecticut River. It is the home to Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center and Dartmouth College's Geisel School of Medicine, together comprising the largest medical facility between Boston, Massachusetts, and Burlington, Vermont.

Lebanon is a core city of the Lebanon–Claremont micropolitan area, comprising four counties in the upper Connecticut River valley, two in New Hampshire and two in Vermont.
Scott's rule
Scott's rule is a method to select the number of bins in a histogram. Scott's rule is widely employed in data analysis software including R, Python and Microsoft Excel where it is the default bin selection method.

For a set of  observations  let  be the histogram approximation of some function . The integrated mean squared error (IMSE) is

Where  denotes the expectation across many independent draws of  data points. By Taylor expanding to first order in , the bin width, Scott showed that the optimal width is

This formula is also the basis for the Freedman–Diaconis rule.

By taking a normal reference i.e. assuming that  is a normal distribution, the equation for  becomes

where  is the standard deviation of the normal distribution and is estimated from the data. With this value of bin width Scott demonstrates that

showing how quickly the histogram approximation approaches the true distribution as the number of samples increases.

Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet editor developed by Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android, iOS and iPadOS. It features calculation or computation capabilities, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).

Excel forms part of the Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Office suites of software and has been developed since 1985.