hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polactwo
Polactwo (literally "Polackness") is a book by Rafał Ziemkiewicz, published in 2004 and 2007.

The author tries to explain what happened with Poles after the fall of communism and the toxic influence of decades of communism and the destruction it brought to Poland. He tells about the destructive force of people gathered around Adam Michnik – an argument which he follows in his book Michnikowszczyzna. Zapis choroby. He tries to describe the reasons and effects of low self-esteem of Poles as a nation, who regard themselves low in sociological studies.

According to Ziemkiewicz, the reasons are processes that shaped the society through the years of partitions and communism. He says the social situation is similar to that of other post-communist countries, and also post-slavery societies.

Polack
In the contemporary English language, the noun Polack (/ˈpoʊlɑːk/ and /-læk/) is a derogatory term, primarily used in North America, referring to a person of Polish origin. It is an anglicisation of the Polish masculine noun Polak, which denotes a person of Polish ethnicity and typically male gender. However, the English loanword is considered an ethnic slur.
Frenchglen, Oregon
Frenchglen is an unincorporated community in Harney County, Oregon, United States. It is 60 miles (97 km) south of Burns on Oregon Route 205.

Frenchglen is near Steens Mountain and Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, and is home to the historic Frenchglen Hotel, an Oregon State Heritage Site built in 1917.

Steens Mountain
Steens Mountain is a large fault-block mountain in the northwest United States, located in Harney County, Oregon. Stretching some fifty miles (80 km) north to south, on its east side it rises from the Alvord Desert at an elevation of about 4,200 feet (1,280 m) to 9,738 feet (2,968 m) at the summit. Steens Mountain is not part of a mountain range but is properly a single mountain, the largest of Oregon's fault-block mountains.

The Steens Mountain Wilderness encompasses 170,166 acres (265.9 sq mi; 688.6 km2) of Steens Mountain. 98,859 acres (154.5 sq mi; 400.1 km2) of the Wilderness are protected from grazing and free of cattle.
Japan at the 2012 Asian Beach Games
Japan competed in the 2012 Asian Beach Games in Haiyang, China from June 12 to June 22, 2012. The delegation was bannered by 82 athletes. Japan send their representatives in 7 sports including beach soccer, beach volleyball, beach handball, sport climbing, dragon boat, roller speed skating, and water skiing.

The delegation collected a gold, three silver, and two bronze medals at the game. The medals came from only two sports, sport climbing and water skiing. The only gold for the country achieved by Atsushi Shimizu in men's bouldering event at sport climbing. The sport also got three silver medals from Tsukuru Hori, Sachi Anma, and Akiyo Noguchi. While the bronze came from sport climber Yuka Kobayashi and water skier Hiroko Komori.

Akiyo Noguchi
Akiyo Noguchi (野口 啓代, Noguchi Akiyo; born May 30, 1989) is a Japanese professional rock climber who specializes in competition bouldering as well as outdoor bouldering and sport climbing.

She participates in both competition bouldering and competition lead climbing disciplines. She is known for winning the IFSC Climbing World Cup in Bouldering four times. In her home country, she won Bouldering Japan Cup nine times consecutively from 2005 to 2014, which no other Japanese athlete has been able to match.  She retired from competition climbing after competing and winning a bronze medal in the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Tafazzi
Tafazzi is an Italian comic character created by Carlo Turati and portrayed by Giacomo Poretti, member of the group Aldo, Giovanni e Giacomo. It originally appeared in 1995 on Mai dire Gol, a comic-sports television show by the Gialappa's Band, but later appeared in other works of Aldo, Giovanni e Giacomo, including the theatre show I corti.

Tafazzi is a sort of mime wearing a black tracksuit and a jockstrap, who does nothing but beat his groin with a plastic bottle while wearing a jockstrap.

The character is the source of the name of the protein Tafazzin, due to the difficulties involved in identifying the tafazzin gene.

Gialappa's Band
Gialappa's Band is the collective name used by Marco Santin (born 11 February 1962 in Milan), Carlo Taranto (born 16 December 1961 in Milan), and Giorgio Gherarducci (born 1 November 1963 in Milan), an Italian trio of TV and radio commentators.
2025 Layjet Open – Doubles
Petr Nouza and Patrik Rikl were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

David Pichler and Nino Serdarušić won the title after defeating Jiří Barnat and Filip Duda 6–3, 6–3 in the final.

Patrik Rikl
Patrik Rikl (born 6 January 1999) is a Czech tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high doubles ranking of No. 43 achieved on 9 February 2026 and a singles ranking of No. 392 achieved on 1 October 2018. Rikl has won two ATP Tour and five ATP Challenger doubles titles.
Umara al-Yamani
Najm al-Dīn Umāra al-Ḥakamī al-Yamanī (Arabic: نجم الدين عمارة الحكمي اليمني) was a Sunni historian, jurist and poet of Yemen of great repute who was closely associated with the late Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt. He was executed by order of Saladin at Cairo on April 6, 1174 for his part in a conspiracy to restore Fatimid rule. His Tarikh al-Yaman is the earliest, and in respects the most important, history of Yemen from the Islamic era.

Encyclopaedia of Islam
The Encyclopaedia of Islam (also French: Encyclopédie de l'Islam and German: Enzyklopädie des Islām; EI is a common abbreviation in all three languages) is a reference work that facilitates the academic study of Islam. It is published by Brill and provides information on various aspects of Islam and the Islamic world. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. The first edition was published in 1913–1938, the second in 1954–2005, and the third was begun in 2007.
Konrad Sundlo
Konrad Sundlo (born in 1881 in Kristiansand, Norway, died 25 May 1965 on Nesøya, Asker, Norway) was a Norwegian officer and politician in Nasjonal Samling before and during Second World War.

He was sentenced to life imprisonment during the post-war legal purge in Norway.

Legal purge in Norway after World War II
The legal purge in Norway after World War II (Norwegian: Landssvikoppgjøret; lit. 'National treachery Settlement') took place between May 1945 and August 1948 against anyone who was found to have collaborated with the German occupation of the country. Several thousand Norwegians and foreign citizens were tried and convicted for crimes committed in Scandinavia during World War II. However, the scope, legal basis, and fairness of these trials has since been a matter of some debate. A total of 40 people—including Vidkun Quisling, the self-proclaimed and Nazi-supported Minister President of Norway during the occupation—were executed after capital punishment was reinstated in Norway. Thirty-seven of those executed were executed under Norwegian law, while the other three were executed under Allied military law.
Geoffrey D. Borman
Geoffrey D. Borman is an American quantitative methodologist and policy analyst.  He received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1997 and is currently the Alice Wiley Snell Endowed Professor at Arizona State University, director of the Arizona State University Education Sciences Graduate Program, and editor of Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis.

Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis
Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering all aspects of educational policy analysis. It was established in 1979 and is published by SAGE Publications on behalf of the American Educational Research Association. The editors are Geoffrey Borman (Arizona State University), A. Brooks Bowden (University of Pennsylvania), Deven Carlson (University of Oklahoma), Amanda Datnow (University of California, San Diego), and Sylvia Hurtado (University of California, Los Angeles).
Castlereagh Lower
Castlereagh Lower (named after the former barony of Castlereagh) is a historic barony in County Down, Northern Ireland. It was created by 1841 with the division of Castlereagh into two. The barony roughly matches the former Gaelic territory of Uí Blathmaic, anglicized Blathewic. It is bordered by three other baronies: Ards Lower to the east; Dufferin to the south; and Castlereagh Upper to the west and south-west. Castlereagh Lower is also bounded by Belfast Lough to the north and Strangford Lough to the south-east.

Dundonald, County Down
Dundonald (from Irish Dún Dónaill, meaning 'Donald's fort') is a large settlement and civil parish in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies east of Belfast and is a suburb of the city. It is home to Moat Park, the Ulster Hospital, and Dundonald International Ice Bowl.
Hassianycteris
Hassianycteris is an extinct genus of Early Eocene (Ypresian) to Middle Eocene (Lutetian) bats from the Hassianycterididae with four or five known species: the type (H. messelensis), H. magna, and H. revilliodi, all found in the Messel pit, Germany, H. kumari, found in the Cambay Shale Formation (Vastan Lignite Mine), India, and the possible fifth species "H." joeli, found in the Kortijk Clay Formation, Belgium, which may instead belong to Onychonycteridae. The Messel bats Palaeochiropteryx and Hassianycteris (alive roughly 48 million years ago) are the first fossil mammals whose colouration has been discovered: both were reddish-brown when alive.

Cambay Shale Formation
The Cambay Shale Formation is an Early Eocene-aged geologic formation in the Cambay Basin, India. It varies in thickness from a few meters on the margins of the basin to more than 2,500m in the depressions. It directly overlies the Olpad Formation and is, in turn, overlain by the Anklesvar Formation in the southern part of the basin and by Kalol Formation in the northern part of the basin. Further north, the Cambay Shale, in its lower part, is gradually replaced by tongues of paralic-deltaic Kadi Formation and finally by Tharad Formation.
Dangme District
Dangme District is a former district council that was located in Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1975, in 1988, it was split into two new district assemblies: Dangme East District (capital: Ada Foah) and Dangme West District (capital: Dodowa). The district assembly was located in the eastern part of Greater Accra Region and had Ada Foah as its capital town.

Greater Accra Region
The Greater Accra Region has the smallest area of Ghana's 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 3,245 square kilometres. This is 1.4 per cent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region, with a population of 5,455,692 in 2021, accounting for 17.7 per cent of Ghana's total population.

The Greater Accra region is the most urbanized region in the country, with 87.4% of its total population living in urban centres. The capital city of Greater Accra Region is Accra which is at the same time the capital city of Ghana.
Alabama Crimson Tide
The Alabama Crimson Tide refers to the intercollegiate athletic varsity teams that represent the University of Alabama, located in Tuscaloosa. The Crimson Tide teams compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I as members of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Spirit Squads compete in the UCA and UDA College National Championships.

Athletics facilities on the campus include the 100,077-seat Bryant–Denny Stadium, named after football coach Paul "Bear" Bryant and former University President George Denny, 15,316-seat Coleman Coliseum, Foster Auditorium, Sewell–Thomas Stadium, the Alabama Soccer Stadium, the Sam Bailey Track Stadium, the Alabama Aquatic Center, and the Alabama Tennis Stadium.

Varsity Spirit
Varsity Spirit, LLC, also known as Varsity, is an American cheerleading company owned by Varsity Brands. Founded in 1974 as the Universal Cheerleaders Association, the company is a manufacturer of apparel for cheerleading and dance teams, organizer of cheerleading competitions, and operator of training camps and sanctioning bodies.

The company's vertical integration of competitive cheerleading has faced criticism, including accusations of anti-competitive and monopolistic practices (such as opposition to cheerleading being sanctioned as a sport), conflicts of interest via control of governing bodies, and institutionalizing high financial costs for participation in competitive cheerleading. In 2023 and 2024, Varsity and its previous owners agreed to settle multiple class action lawsuits, including those surrounding high financial costs, and conflicts of interest with the U.S. All Star Federation.
Ipuwer Papyrus
The Ipuwer Papyrus (officially Papyrus Leiden I 344 recto) is an ancient Egyptian hieratic papyrus made during the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt, and now held in the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden, Netherlands. It contains the Admonitions of Ipuwer, an incomplete literary work whose original composition is dated no earlier than the late Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt (c. 1991–1803 BCE).

Hieratic
Hieratic (/haɪəˈrætɪk/; Ancient Greek: ἱερατικά, romanized: hieratiká, lit. 'priestly') is the name given to a cursive writing system used for Ancient Egyptian and the principal script used to write that language from its development in the third millennium BCE until the rise of Demotic in the mid-first millennium BCE. It was primarily written in ink with a reed brush on papyrus.

Hieratic should not be confused with cursive hieroglyphs. The two were indistinct during the Old Kingdom but separated into different writing systems during the First Intermediate Period.
Agassizhorn
The Agassizhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps in Switzerland. It lies just north-west of the Finsteraarhorn, the main summit of the range. The Agassizhorn is the tripoint between the valleys of the Lower Grindelwald Glacier, the Unteraar Glacier and the Fiescher Glacier. Because the Lower Grindelwald and Unteraar glaciers drain into the Aar and hence the Rhine and North Sea, whilst the Fiescher glacier drains into the Rhone and hence the Mediterranean Sea, the Sidelhorn lies on the European continental divide.

Administratively, the summit is shared between the municipalities of Grindelwald, to the north-west, Guttannen, to the north-east, and Fieschertal, to the south. Grindelwald and Guttannen are in the canton of Bern, whilst Fieschertal is in the canton of Valais.

The mountain was named after the Swiss geologist and explorer Louis Agassiz.

Unteraargletscher
The Unteraargletscher (German: [ˈʊntəraːrˌglɛtʃər]), literally "Lower Aare-Glacier", is the larger of the two sources of the Aare river in the Bernese Alps. It emerges from the association of the Finsteraargletscher (near the Finsteraarhorn) and the Lauteraargletscher (near the Lauteraarhorn) and flows for about 6 km (3.7 mi) to the east down to the Grimselsee near the Grimsel Pass. In total the glacier was 12.95 km (8.05 mi) long and 29.48 km2 (11.38 sq mi) in area in 1973. Its lower end is (or was) almost 400 metres lower than that of the neighbouring Oberaargletscher.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, it was one of the first subjects of developing glaciology.
Hamyan
Hamyan (Arabic: حميان, romanized: Ḥamyān) is a large Bedouin Arab tribe in western Algeria to the southwest of Oran and north of the Atlas Mountains. They are divided into two main groups, Hamyan Sheraga (easterners) in the east and Hamyan Gheraba (westerners) in the west, and these are further divided into several factions. In the 19th century, they had a force of 2,000 cavalry, and herds of 200 camels and 8,000 sheep, not including oxen, horses and donkeys. They follow a nomadic lifestyle, and they emigrated every year to the Tell to trade. They constantly fought with the neighboring Arab tribe of Chaamba in Metlili. The region of Ain Sefra was under the political suzerainty of Hamyan Gheraba. They never submitted to French colonization. They come from the Banu Hilal.

Tell Atlas
The Tell Atlas (Arabic: الاطلس التلي, al-ʾaṭlas al-tlī) is a mountain chain over 1,500 km (932 mi) in length, belonging to the Atlas mountain ranges in North Africa, stretching mainly across northern Algeria, ending in north-eastern Morocco and north-western Tunisia.

The ranges of this system have an average elevation of about 1,500 m (4,900 ft) and form a natural barrier between the Mediterranean and the Sahara. Its highest summit is the 2,308 m (7,572 ft) high Lalla Khedidja in the Djurdjura Range.

Several large cities such as the Algerian capital, Algiers, with ~1,500,000 residents (2005) and Oran with ~770,000 residents (2005) lie at the base of the Tell Atlas. The Algerian city Constantine with approximately 505,000 residents (2005) lies 80 km inland and directly in the mountains at 650 meters in elevation. A number of smaller towns and villages are situated within the Tell; for example, Chiffa is nestled within the Chiffa gorge.
Lake Naivasha Country Club
The Lake Naivasha Country Club is located on the opposite shore of Lake Naivasha from the town of Naivasha, Kenya.

Built using old colonial architecture and opened in 1937,
Lake Naivasha Country Club provides accommodation in rooms and cottages across 12 ha (30 acres) of green lawns shaded by mature acacias and fever trees.
The public rooms also display the British colonial style. The residents' lounge has a massive fireplace and large bay windows. The bar adjoins a billiards room, for playing billiards and snooker in the British tradition.

Views across Lake Naivasha are dominated by the shadow of Mount Longonot, 2,777 m (9,111 ft) high, a dormant volcano which, in 1983, was declared a Kenyan national park (52 km2). Mount Longonot also can be seen from the eastern escarpment on the scenic highway to the region.

East Africa Protectorate
East Africa Protectorate (also known as British East Africa) was a British protectorate in the African Great Lakes, occupying roughly the same area as present-day Kenya, from the Indian Ocean inland to the border with Uganda in the west part. Controlled by the United Kingdom in the late 19th century, it grew out of British commercial interests in the area in the 1880s and remained a protectorate until 1920 when it became the Colony of Kenya, save for an independent 16-kilometre-wide (10 mi) coastal strip that became the Kenya Protectorate.
Linda (Kalevipoeg)
In the Estonian mythology and Kreutzwald's epic Kalevipoeg, Linda was the mother of Kalevipoeg and the wife of Kalev.

She has given the name to several Estonian locations, including the Lindamägi (Linda Hill), Tallinn, Lindakivi (Linda boulder) in Lake Ülemiste. According to the epic myth "Kalevipoeg", her son, the title character, named the Estonian fortress settlement at the location of modern Tallinn in her honor - Lindanise (approximate translation: Linda's nipple or bosom).

Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald
Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald (26 December [O.S. 14 December] 1803 – 25 August [O.S. 13 August] 1882) was an Estonian writer who is considered to be the father of the national literature for the country. He is the author of Estonian national epic Kalevipoeg.
2023 Tank district attack
On 15 December 2023, militant attacks were launched against the Pakistan Army and local police in Tank, Pakistan. Ansar ul-Islam claimed responsibility for the attack. The attacks occurred at a police station in Tank District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Ansar ul-Islam (Pakistan)
Ansar ul-Islam was a Barelvi Sunni Islamist militant group which operated in North-west Pakistan. It was founded in 2004 by Pir Saif-ur Rehman, an Afghan Sufi preacher, influenced by the Barelvi movement of Sunni Islam. The group was a rival to Lashkar-e-Islam.

By 2013n the group was being led by Qazi Mehboob-ul-Haq.

The group was banned by the Pakistani government in June 2008, and the ban was renewed in Pakistan's 2014 National Internal Security Policy.
Awa Society
Awa (in Dogon), also known as the Awa Society,  the Society of Masks, is an African mask and initiatory society of the Dogon people of Mali which is made up of circumcised men, and whose role is both ritual and political within Dogon society. The Awa Society takes an important role in Dogon religious affairs, and regularly preside over funereally rites and the dama ceremony—a ritual ceremony that marks the end of bereavement in Dogon country ( fr ). This Society is one of the important aspects of Dogon religious life—which is primarily based on the worship of the single omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent Creator God Amma and the veneration of the ancestors. Although it is only one aspect of Dogon's religious sects, it is perhaps more well known than the others partly due to Dogon mask–dance culture which attracts huge tourism, and their masks highly sought after, and in fact, one of the first to be sought after by art collectors in the west.

Dogon country
Dogon country (French: Pays Dogon) is a region of eastern Mali and northwestern Burkina Faso populated mainly by the Dogon people, a diverse ethnic group in West Africa with diverse languages. Like the term Serer country occupied by the Serer ethnic group further to the west, Dogon country is vast. It lies southwest of the Niger River belt. The region is composed of three zones: the plateau, the escarpment and the Seno-Gondo plain.

In Mali, this historic region belongs to the Mopti Region and extends on either side of the Bandiagara Escarpment. Dogon country in Mali is the most visited tourist area of the country, due to the Dogon people's rich cultural heritage. Sangha, Mali is the heart of Dogon country with its rich history of Dogon religion, shrines and temples.
1929–30 Isthmian League
The 1929–30 season was the 21st in the history of the Isthmian League, an English football competition.

At the end of the previous season Civil Service resigned from the league. They were replaced by Kingstonian, switched from the Athenian League. Nunhead were champions for the second season in a row.

Civil Service F.C.
Civil Service Football Club is an English football club based in London. The club originally played both association football and rugby football and the Civil Service, along with Blackheath F.C., is one of the two clubs that can claim to be a founder member of both the Football Association and the Rugby Football Union. However, the rugby club is now a distinct entity and appears to have been so since the late nineteenth century. They are currently members of the Southern Amateur League Senior Division 1.
Harem (novel)
Harem (Armenian: Հարեմ) is an Armenian-language novella by the Armenian novelist Raffi. The first part of the work was published in the book P’unj in 1874; the first and second parts were published together for the first time in the book Vepikner yev patkerner in 1891, three years after Raffi's death.

The book is set in the royal harem of the prince of Persia the 19th century, probably after the Russo-Persian War (1804-1813). Two of the characters in the book, the Prince and Zeynep, have real-life analogues in Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, and one of his 165 consorts, an Armenian from Tiflis who was given the name Gul-Pirhan. Raffi's adversaries translated Harem to Persian in 1876 and took it to Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar, who at the time was the governor of the province where Raffi was living in Tabriz, when the reaction of Raffi's adversaries caused his exile from Agulis.

Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar
Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar (Persian: مظفرالدین شاه قاجار, romanized: Mozaffareddin Šāh-e Qājār; 23 March 1853 – 3 January 1907) was the fifth Qajar shah of Iran, reigning from 1896 until his death in 1907. He is often credited with the creation of the Persian Constitution of 1906, which he approved of in one of his final acts as shah.