hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tofik Dibi
Tovek "Tofik" Dibi (born 19 November 1980) is a  Dutch politician. He is the leader of political party BIJ1, and a former member of GreenLeft (GroenLinks). He was a Member of Parliament from 30 November 2006 till 19 September 2012. He focused on matters of criminal law, safety, youth, family, and integration.

Politics of the Netherlands
The Netherlands is a sovereign state with a parliamentary representative democracy. A constitutional monarchy, the country is organised as a decentralised unitary state. The Netherlands can be described as a consociational state. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad consensus on important issues, within both of the political community and society as a whole.
Solaris (DC Comics)
Solaris (also known as Solaris the Tyrant Sun) is a DC Comics supervillain who exists in the distant future of the DC Universe. He was created by Grant Morrison, and first appeared in the 1998 event storyline DC One Million.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
Shermans Corner, Minnesota
Shermans Corner is a populated place in Angora Township, Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States.

It is located five miles south of Cook at the junction of U.S. Highway 53, Minnesota Highway 1, and Saint Louis County Road 22.

Sherman Corner is adjacent to Angora.

Minnesota State Highway 1
Minnesota State Highway 1 (MN 1) is a state highway across northern Minnesota, United States, which runs from North Dakota Highway 54 (ND 54) at the North Dakota state line (at the Red River in Oslo) and continues east to its eastern terminus at MN 61 at the unincorporated community of Illgen City in Beaver Bay Township on the North Shore of Lake Superior. At 346 miles (557 km) in length, MN 1 is the longest state route in Minnesota.
Dibenzylpiperazine
Dibenzylpiperazine (DBZP) is a piperazine derivative often found as an impurity in the recreational stimulant drug benzylpiperazine (BZP). Presence of DBZP is a marker for low quality or badly made BZP. It can be made as a reaction byproduct during BZP synthesis, either because the reaction has been run at too high a temperature, or because an excess of benzyl chloride has been used.

By-product
A by-product or byproduct is a secondary product derived from a production process, manufacturing process or chemical reaction; it is not the primary product or service being produced.

A by-product can be useful and marketable or it can be considered waste: for example, bran, which is a byproduct of the milling of wheat into refined flour, is sometimes composted or burned for disposal, but in other cases, it can be used as a nutritious ingredient in human food or animal feed. Gasoline was once a byproduct of oil refining that later became a desirable commercial product as motor fuel. The plastic used in plastic shopping bags also started as a by-product of oil refining. By-products are sometimes called co-products to indicate that although they are secondary, they are desired products. For example, hides and leather may be called co-products of beef production. There is no strict distinction between by-products and co-products.
Brevipalpus phoenicis
Brevipalpus phoenicis, also known as the false spider mite, red and black flat mite, and in Australia as the passionvine mite, is a species of mite in the family Tenuipalpidae. This species occurs globally, and is a serious pest to such crops as citrus, tea, papaya, guava and coffee, and can heavily damage numerous other crops. They are unique in having haploid females, a condition caused by a bacterium that change haploid males into females.

Life stages of mites
Mites start as an egg and then may pass through up to six instars: prelarva, larva, protonymph, deutonymph, tritonymph, and adult. These developmental stages may look different or may be omitted depending on the mite group. All mites have an adult stage; the female is the dispersal stage in some Mesostigmata and Prostigmata. Deutonymphs may also be the dispersal stage in Mesostigmata and Astigmata. The deutonymph is unspecialized or slightly specialized in Mesostigmata.

In Astigmata, the larva, protonymph, tritonymph, and adult are usually feeding ontogenetic stages, though exceptions occur, while the deutonymph serves for dispersal or survival in severe conditions, lacks mouthparts, and cannot feed (though non-oral feeding is possible in several taxa). Deutonymphs have many morphological specializations for phoresy, and they are strikingly different from other life stages.
Lughat al-Quran
Lughat al-Quran (Urdu: لغات القرآن) is a 20th-century Urdu lexicon of Quranic vocabulary, providing detailed explanations of words, their derivations, and contextual meanings. The work was published in six volumes by Nadwatul Musannifeen in Delhi between 1942 and 1958. The first four volumes were authored by Abdul Rasheed Nomani, while the final two volumes were completed by Abdul Daim al-Jalali, following Nomani's original methodology after his migration to Pakistan. The lexicon is considered an early reference in Urdu, comparable in its role to Al-Mufradat in Arabic.

Lexicon
A lexicon (pl. lexicons, rarely lexica) is the vocabulary of a language or branch of knowledge (such as nautical or medical).  In linguistics, a lexicon is a language's inventory of lexemes. The word lexicon derives from Greek word λεξικόν (lexikon), neuter of λεξικός (lexikos) meaning 'of or for words'.

Linguistic theories generally regard human languages as consisting of two parts: a lexicon, essentially a catalogue of a language's words (its wordstock); and a grammar, a system of rules which allow for the combination of those words into meaningful sentences. The lexicon is also thought to include bound morphemes, which cannot stand alone as words (such as most affixes). In some analyses, compound words and certain classes of idiomatic expressions, collocations and other phrasemes are also considered to be part of the lexicon. Dictionaries are lists of the lexicon, in alphabetical order, of a given language; usually, however, bound morphemes are not included.
Fredensborg BI
Fredensborg Boldklub og Idrætsforening (Danish: Fredensborg Ball and Sports Club), known as Fredensborg BI, is a Danish association football club located in the municipality of Fredensborg, which plays in the Denmark Series. Founded on 6 June 1908, it is one of the oldest clubs in Danish football. It competed in the 2003 and 2009 Danish Cup tournaments.

Football in Denmark
Association football (Danish: fodbold) is the most popular sport in Denmark, with 331,693 players and 1,647 clubs registered (as of 2016) under the Danish FA. Over half of the people in Denmark are interested in football.

Football was introduced into Denmark by British sailors. Kjøbenhavns Boldklub is the oldest club outside of the United Kingdom, having been founded on 26 April 1876.

Denmark hosted the 1984 European Competition for Women's Football, the 1991 UEFA Women's Euro, the 1994 European Cup Winners' Cup final, the 2000 UEFA Cup Final, the 2003 UEFA Women's Cup Final, as well as three group stage matches and a round of 16 match of the UEFA Euro 2020.
Sherpa (brand)
Sherpa is a cooperative of retailers and a brand in the food distribution sector in France, owned by the Coréma company, a subsidiary of the cooperative. It operates through a network of convenience stores and supermarkets, primarily located in French winter sports resorts across the Alps, the Jura Mountains, and the Pyrenees. The Casino Group has partnered with the cooperative to supply products to Sherpa supermarkets.

The name is both a reference to the Sherpa people living in high altitude, and verlan for cheap in french ("pas cher").

Verlan
Verlan (pronounced [vɛʁlɑ̃] ⓘ) is a type of argot in the French language, featuring inversion of syllables in a word, and is common in slang and youth language.  It rests on a long French tradition of transposing syllables of individual words to create slang words.: 50  The word verlan itself is an example of verlan (making it an autological word). It is derived from inverting the sounds of the syllables in l'envers ([lɑ̃vɛʁ], "the inverse", frequently used in the sense of "back-to-front"). The first documented use of verlan dates back to the 19th century, among robbers.
Liiva-Putla Nature Reserve
Liiva-Putla Nature Reserve is a nature reserve situated on Saaremaa island in western Estonia, in Saare County.

Liiva-Putla Nature Reserve is one of only five nature reserves in Europe created for the protection of fungi. Estonian mycologist Erast Parmasto was one of the main people behind its creation. Today it forms part of the EU-wide Natura 2000-network and contains twelve rare species of fungi.

Saare County
Saare County (Estonian: Saare maakond or Saaremaa; Latin: Oesel; Danish: Øsel; German: Ösel; Swedish: Ösel) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It consists of Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia, and several smaller islands near it, most notably Muhu, Ruhnu, Abruka, and Vilsandi. The county borders Lääne County to the east, Hiiu County to the north, and Latvia to the south. In 2022, Saare County had a population of 31,292, which was 2.4% of the population of Estonia.
Khandwa
Khandwa is a city and a nagar nigam in the Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Khandwa district, formerly known as East Nimar District.

Khandwa is a major railway junction; the Malwa line connecting Indore with the Deccan meets the main east–west line from Mumbai to Kolkata.

Municipal corporation (India)
A municipal corporation is a 
type of local government in India which administers an urban area having a population of one million or more. The growing population and urbanization of various Indian cities highlighted the need for a type of local governing body that could provide services such as healthcare, education, housing and transport by collecting property taxes and administering grants from the state government.

The municipal corporation carries out its function through divisions or departments. For example, water supply and sewage disposal Undertaking, Housing Board, Education Department and Electricity Department.

The 74th Amendment Act defined the formations of urban local governments and their activities.
Nicholas J. Belkin
Nicholas J. Belkin is a professor at the School of Communication and Information at Rutgers University. Among the main themes of his research are digital libraries; information-seeking behaviors; and interaction between humans and information retrieval systems. Belkin is best known for his work on human-centered Information Retrieval and the hypothesis of Anomalous State of Knowledge (ASK). Belkin realized that in many cases, users of search systems are unable to precisely formulate what they need. They miss some vital knowledge to formulate their queries. In such cases it is more suitable to attempt to describe a user's anomalous state of knowledge than to ask the user to specify her/his need as a request to the system.

Belkin was the chair of SIGIR in 1995-99, and the president of American Society for Information Science and Technology in 2005. In 2015, Belkin received the Gerard Salton Award.

Digital library
A digital library, also referred to as an online library, an internet library, a digital repository,  a library without walls, or a digital collection, is an online database of digital resources that can include text, still images, audio, video, digital documents, or other digital media formats or a library accessible through the internet. Objects can consist of digitized content, such as print or photographs, as well as originally produced digital content, including word processor files or social media posts. In addition to storing content, digital libraries provide mechanisms for the organization, searching, and retrieving of content from the collection. Digital libraries can vary immensely in size and scope, and can be maintained by individuals or organizations. The digital content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer networks. These information retrieval systems are able to exchange information with each other through interoperability and sustainability.
Ganadevata Express
The 13017 / 13018 Ganadevata Express is an important Express-type day-running train operated by Indian Railways; it connects Kolkata with Azimganj, a town in Murshidabad district of West Bengal. It runs daily between Howrah and Azimganj via Rampurhat Junction.It previously ran between Howrah and Rampurhat, and was later extended to run to Azimganj.

The Ganadevata express is used extensively by pilgrims going to visit the Tarapith temple of Rampurhat. It covers 278 kilometers distance at an average speed of 47 kmph. Coach types in the train include AC chair car, second class sitting, and general, but it does not have a pantry car. All the classes except general class require reservations. The train leaves Howrah junction at 06:05 to arrive at Azimganj Junction at 12:00, and leaves Azimganj at 15:40 to arrive at Howrah at 21:45.This name inspired by Tarun majumdar's movie which Based on noble Prize nominated Tarasankar bandopadhay's  Same name novel  Ganadevata (film).

Murshidabad district
Murshidabad district is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Situated on the left bank of the river Ganges, the district is very fertile. Covering an area of 5,341 km2 (2,062 sq mi) and having a population 7.103 million (according to 2011 census), it is a densely populated district and the ninth most populous in India (out of 640). Berhampore city is the headquarters of the district.

The Murshidabad city, which lends its name to the district, was the seat of power of the Nawabs of Bengal. All of Bengal was once governed from this city. A few years after Nawab Siraj-ud-Daula lost to the British at the Battle of Plassey, the capital of Bengal was moved to the newly founded city of Calcutta, now called Kolkata.
Sperrbrecher
A Sperrbrecher (German; informally translated as "pathfinder" but literally meaning "mine barrage breaker"), was a German auxiliary ship of the First World War and the Second World War that served as a type of minesweeper, steaming ahead of other vessels through minefields and detonating them with its reinforced hull. Also used as anti-aircraft ships, the Sperrbrecher suffered heavy losses in the war.

SS Rhineland
Rhineland was a 1,312 GRT cargo steamship that Howaldtswerke of Kiel, Germany built in 1938 for Argo Line, Bremen. She was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine in 1939, and served as VP-101 Schwan, Sperrbrecher 31 and Sperrbrecher 131. She served post-war with the German Mine Sweeping Administration before being declared a prize and passed to British owners. She was renamed Weltonwold in 1948 and then Rhineland in 1949. She was sold to South African owners in 1956 and renamed Herrisbrook. She was renamed Inyoni in 1957 and scrapped in 1962.
Nine Kooiman
Catharina Johanna Elise (Nine) Kooiman (born 9 December 1980 in De Meern, Utrecht) is a Dutch politician and former social worker. As a member of the Socialist Party (Socialistische Partij) she has been an MP from 17 June 2010 until 29 March 2018. She focused on matters of youth and family law.

From 2007 to 2010 she was a member of the municipal council of Nieuwegein.

Kooiman studied social work and public services at the Hogeschool De Horst in Driebergen.

De Meern
De Meern (Dutch pronunciation: [də ˈmeːr(ə)n]) is an urbanized village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Utrecht, and is located at 6 km west of the inner city of this town. Before 2001 the villages De Meern, Vleuten and Haarzuilens formed a municipality called Vleuten-De Meern. On 1 January 2001, it was incorporated in the municipality of Utrecht. Since 1999 the number of inhabitants of De Meern has increased from about 11,000 to almost 22,000 in 2020.
Thomas Keys Residence
The Thomas E. Keys Residence is a house in Rochester, Minnesota designed by Frank Lloyd Wright and built with earth berms in 1950. The design is based on a previous Wright design for a cooperative in Detroit, Michigan, which never materialized due to the onset of World War II. The house is an example of Wright's Usonian genre of architecture, a style he envisioned to meet the needs of middle-class families desiring a more refined architecture for their homes. The home had three bedrooms and one bathroom, and is constructed with concrete block. It is based on a square module of four feet on a side. Architect (and former Wright apprentice) John H. "Jack" Howe converted the home's carport into a guest bedroom and bath in 1970.

The house is located at 1217 Skyline Dr SW, a short distance from two other Wright designs, the A. H. Bulbulian Residence and the James McBean Residence.

Rochester, Minnesota
Rochester is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat. It is located along rolling bluffs on the Zumbro River's south fork in Southeast Minnesota. The population was 121,395 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 123,624 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in Minnesota. The Rochester metropolitan area has an estimated 230,000 residents. The city is the home and birthplace of Mayo Clinic.

Rochester first developed as a stagecoach stop between Dubuque, Iowa, and Saint Paul, Minnesota. With the creation of the Mayo Clinic in 1864, Rochester became a national center for healthcare, as well as a hub for regional agriculture.  For higher education needs the University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester Community and Technical College, and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine are located in the city.
Prost AP04
The Prost AP04 was the car with which the Prost team competed in the 2001 Formula One World Championship. Over the course of the season, the car was raced by five drivers: French veteran Jean Alesi, Argentine Gastón Mazzacane, Brazilian Luciano Burti, German Heinz-Harald Frentzen and Czech Tomáš Enge.

Prost Grand Prix
Prost Grand Prix was a Formula One racing team owned and managed by four-time Formula One world champion Alain Prost. The team participated in five seasons from 1997 to 2001.

The team was the last French Formula One team based in France, in Yvelines (in the surroundings of Paris).
Ergane (spider)
Ergane is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Ludwig Carl Christian Koch in 1881. Males of E. benjarei is 9 millimetres (0.35 in) long. The form of the pedipalp and the abdominal pattern suggest that Ergane is close to Chalcotropis. It is named after the goddess Athena, called Athena Ergane as the patron of craftsmen and artisans.

Pedipalp
Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi) are the secondary pair of forward appendages among chelicerates – a group of arthropods including spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. The pedipalps are lateral to the chelicerae ("jaws") and anterior to the first pair of walking legs.
Riverview Historic District (Selma, Alabama)
The Riverview Historic District is an 86-acre (35 ha) historic district in Selma, Alabama, United States.  It is bounded by Selma Avenue, Satterfield and Lapsley streets, and the Alabama River.  The district includes examples of the Tudor Revival, Colonial Revival, American Craftsman, and several Queen Anne styles (Stick, Eastlake, and Shingle).  Primarily residential, it contains 204 contributing properties and  54 noncontributing properties. The district is representative of the prosperity of people in the city at the turn of the 20th century. This time marked a  period of major growth for the middle and working-class population.  The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 28, 1990.

Stick style
The Stick style was a late-19th-century American architectural style, transitional between the Carpenter Gothic style of the mid-19th century, and the Queen Anne style that it had evolved into by the 1890s. It is named after its use of linear "stickwork" (overlay board strips) on the outside walls to mimic an exposed half-timbered frame.
George Power (priest)
Christianity portal

George Edmund Power was Dean of Ardfert from 1918 until 1924.

Power was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and  ordained in 1893. He began his ecclesiastical career with curacies at Tralee and Dublin. He was the incumbent at Killorglin from 1900.  He was Prebendary of Effin from 1924 to 1941; Canon of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin from 1929 to 1941; and Archdeacon of Ardfert and Aghadoe from 1941.

He died on 6 January 1950.

St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Saint Patrick's Cathedral (Irish: Ard-Eaglais Naomh Pádraig) in Dublin, Ireland is the national cathedral of the Church of Ireland. Christ Church Cathedral, also a Church of Ireland cathedral in Dublin, is designated as the local cathedral of the Diocese of Dublin and Glendalough.
Jermaine Thomas (basketball)
Jermaine Dontay Thomas (born January 12, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for Cuore Napoli Basket. He played basketball for Governor Thomas Johnson High School in Frederick, Maryland and La Salle University in Philadelphia. Thomas has played in several countries, including for Spanish team Bàsquet Manresa in Liga ACB. In 2019, Thomas was charged and sentenced to 3 years in jail with sex abuse at the Jefferson School in Frederick, Maryland

Bàsquet Manresa
Club Bàsquet Manresa S.A.D., also known as Baxi Manresa for sponsorship reasons, is a professional basketball club based in Manresa, Spain. The team plays in the Liga ACB and the EuroCup Basketball. It home arena is the Pavelló Nou Congost. In 1998, Bàsquet Manresa won the Spanish Championship in one of the most astonishing and well-known sporting accomplishment in Europe.

Joan "Chichi" Creus is the team's most decorated player; he was the Spanish Cup Most Valuable Player in 1996, and the ACB Finals MVP two years later. Some others well known players that had played for Bàsquet Manresa are Juan Domingo de la Cruz, Roger Esteller, Derrick Alston, Serge Ibaka, Andrés Nocioni, Rolando Frazer, and the Basketball Hall of Famer George Gervin, that at the age of 38 spent one year in the team, averaging 23.1 points and helping them to avoid the relegation from the Spanish top division.
Supriyo Datta
Supriyo Datta (born February 2, 1954) is an Indian–American researcher and author. A leading figure in the modeling and understanding of nano-scale electronic conduction, he has been called "one of the most original thinkers in the field of nanoscale electronics."

As an author, his books and online courses are widely used as original research and design work in the field of nanotechnology and electronic devices. He is known for the development of the spin transistor, the non-equilibrium Green's function method for quantum transport and negative capacitances.

Green's function (many-body theory)
In many-body theory, the term Green's function (or Green function) is sometimes used interchangeably with correlation function, but refers specifically to correlators of field operators or creation and annihilation operators.

The name comes from the Green's functions used to solve inhomogeneous differential equations, to which they are loosely related. (Specifically, only two-point "Green's functions" in the case of a non-interacting system are Green's functions in the mathematical sense; the linear operator that they invert is the Hamiltonian operator, which in the non-interacting case is quadratic in the fields.)