hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Atef Maoua
Atef Maoua (born January 28, 1981) is a Tunisian basketball player. He currently plays for J.S. Kairouan in the Tunisian Basketball League. He is a six-foot-six-inch, 218 pound guard-forward.

Maoua is also a long-time member of the Tunisia national basketball team. He made his debut for the national team at the FIBA Africa Championship 2005 and has since played for the team at both the FIBA Africa Championship 2007 and FIBA Africa Championship 2009. He averaged 9.2 points and 2.8 rebounds per game for the Tunisian side at the 2009 FIBA Africa Championship to help the team to the bronze medal and its first ever trip to the FIBA World Championship.

AfroBasket 2007
AfroBasket 2007 was the 24th FIBA Africa Championship, played under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Basketball, the basketball sport governing body of the African zone. The tournament was hosted by Angola, in the cities of Benguela, Cabinda, Huambo and Lubango.

Angola won its fifth consecutive African championship and ninth overall by beating Cameroon 86-72 in the championship game. Cape Verde won the bronze medal game over Egypt. Angola qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, whereas Cameroon and Cape Verde qualified for the 2008 Olympic qualifying tournament. Angola's Joaquim Gomes was awarded as the tournament's Most Valuable Player.
John Owen Pettibone
John Owen Pettibone (October 22, 1787 – August 19, 1876) was an American politician.

He was born in Simsbury, Connecticut.  He graduated from Yale College in 1805 and was the last surviving member of the Class of 1805.

He had spent his life in Simsbury, highly respected and honored. He had repeatedly been a member of both houses of the Connecticut State Legislature.  He died at Simsbury, Aug. 19, 1876, at the age of 89.

This article incorporates public domain material from the  Yale Obituary Record.

Simsbury, Connecticut
Simsbury is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States, incorporated as Connecticut's 21st town in May 1670. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was  24,517 in the 2020 census.
Clam digging
Clam digging is the way to harvest clams (edible infaunal bivalve mollusks) from below the surface of the tidal sand flats or mudflats where they live, by digging. It is done both recreationally (for enjoyment or as a source of food) and commercially (as a source of income). Commercial digging in Canada and the United States is colloquially referred to as clamming, and is done by a clammer.

Native Americans on the Pacific coast have been harvesting clams for many years. Clams have been a historical food source tribes such as the Coos tribe.

Recreation
Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. The "need to do something for recreation" is an essential element of human biology and psychology. Recreational activities are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to be "fun".
Siegfried von Roedern
Siegfried Friedrich Wilhelm Erdmann Graf von Roedern (27 July 1870 in Marburg – 14 April 1954 in Bergen, Upper Bavaria), was a German politician. He served as Secretary in the Ministry for Alsace-Lorraine from 1914 to 1916, and as Secretary for the Treasury and Minister of State (1916–1918).

A member of a noble Prussian family, he studied law in Freiburg, Berlin, Geneva and Marburg and became a lawyer in 1893. For most of his career, he was a civil servant.

Minister of State
Minister of state is a designation for a government minister, with varying meanings in different jurisdictions. In a number of European countries, the title is given as an honorific conferring a higher rank, often bestowed upon senior ministers. Conversely, in the United Kingdom and several other Commonwealth countries, "minister of state" is a junior rank, subordinate to a minister of higher rank. Finally, in other countries such as Australia, Brazil and Japan, all government ministers hold the title of "minister of state".
Dowse (surname)
Dowse is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Dowse (1862–1934), Irish Anglican bishop

Denise Dowse (1958–2022), American actress and director

Edward Dowse (MP) (1582–1648), English politician

Edward Dowse (1756–1828), American politician

George Willoughby Dowse (1869–1951), known as "George Willoughby", English comic actor and theatre manager in Australia

John Dowse (rugby union, born 1891) (1891–1964), Irish rugby union player, later a British Army general

John Dowse (priest) (died 1892), Dean of Ferns, Ireland

John Henry Dowse (born 1935), Australian rugby union player

Michael Dowse (born 1973), Canadian film director

Percy Dowse (1898–1970), New Zealand politician

Richard Dowse (1824–1890), Irish politician

Sydney Dowse (1918–2008), Royal Air Force pilot

Thomas Dowse (c.1630–1683), English-American politician

Tom Dowse (1866–1946), American baseball player

William Dowse (1770–1813), American lawyer

John Dowse (priest)
John Robert Dowse (c. 1815 – 20 October 1892) was Dean of Ferns from 1879 until his death.

He was born in Wexford, the son of Richard Dowse. He attended Trinity College Dublin, earning his BA in 1838 and MA in 1879.

His youngest son Charles Dowse was an Anglican bishop in the first half of the 20th century.
Elm Stakes
The Elm Stakes (Japanese エルムステークス) is a Japanese Grade 3 horse race for Thoroughbreds aged three and over, run in August over a distance of 1700 metres on dirt at Sapporo Racecourse.

It was first run in 1990 and has held Grade 3 status since 1996. The first seven editions of the race took place at Hakodate Racecourse and it was also run at that track in 2013. The 2009 contest took place over 1800 metres at Niigata Racecourse

Niigata Racecourse
Niigata Racecourse (新潟競馬場, Niigata keibajō) is located in Kita-ku Niigata, Niigata in the Chūbu region of Japan. It is used for horse racing. It was built in 1965. The capacity of the grandstand is 75,000.
Bonnet Island
Bonnet Island is a low island with an area of 2.21 ha.  It lies at the entrance to Macquarie Harbour in Western Tasmania, Australia, in the vicinity of Hells Gates.
Due to its location and proximity to the entrance, it was involved as part the Macquarie Harbour Breakwater construction.

Bonnet Island has a lighthouse, which was built before the Cape Sorell Lighthouse.

Since November 2009, it has been opened up to tourists.

As one of the Macquarie Harbour islands, and in the area of the entrance to the harbour, it has been surveyed and documented regularly.

Cape Sorell Lighthouse
The Cape Sorell Lighthouse is a heritage-listed lighthouse that is located on Cape Sorell in the West Coast region of Tasmania, Australia. The lighthouse is situated approximately 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southwest of Strahan.

Constructed and first lit in 1899, the 40-metre-high (130 ft) lighthouse is the only structure remaining from a brick complex of tower, three houses and engine room, except for the foundation remnants of the three keepers' residences.

The light characteristic is a group of two flashes that occurs every fifteen seconds, its focal plane is at 51 metres (167 ft) above sea level with a white light intensity of 208,000 candlepower, visible for 32 kilometres (20 mi) and the red, of 83,000 candlepower, visible for 19 kilometres (12 mi).

Initially fed by vapourised kerosene, the station was automated in 1971 and in 1998, the light was converted to solar power.

Further automation occurred in 2012.
Use-of-force law in Missouri
Use-of-force law in Missouri refers to the law & legal doctrine which determine whether a member of law enforcement in the state of Missouri is justified in the amount of force used to gain control of an unruly situation or person, including situations involving death.  In the United States, doctrine about use of force is primarily defined by the individual states, although there have been some Supreme Court decisions of limited scope.

Missouri's legal experts have said the use of force laws in Missouri are considered more officer-friendly than that in other states. Such laws have come under national scrutiny in the wake of the shooting of Michael Brown in 2014.

Current law governing use of force is specified in Missouri Revised Statutes chapter 563, which differ substantially from the laws of neighboring states.

Legal doctrine
A legal doctrine is a framework, set of rules, procedural steps, or test, often established through precedent in the common law, through which judgments can be determined in a given legal case. For example, a doctrine comes about when a judge makes a ruling where a process is outlined and applied, and allows for it to be equally applied to like cases. When enough judges make use of the process, it may become established as the de facto method of deciding like situations.
Gotha WD.27
The Gotha WD.27 (for (Wasser Doppeldecker - "Water Biplane")) was a long-range maritime patrol floatplane developed during World War I by Gothaer Waggonfabrik (Gotha) for the Imperial German Navy's (Kaiserliche Marine) Naval Air Service (Marine-Fliegerabteilung). It was a large, four-engine aircraft with the same general layout as the WD.22; a conventional floatplane with engines grouped in tractor-pusher pairs on the lower wings. Three aircraft were ordered in early 1918, but the first prototype was not completed until after the end of the war in November. It may not have flown before it was ordered to be destroyed by the victorious Allies.

Pusher configuration
In aeronautical and naval engineering, pusher configuration is the term used to describe a drivetrain of air- or watercraft with propulsion device(s) after the engine(s).  This is in contrast to the more conventional tractor configuration, which places them in front.

Though the term is most commonly applied to aircraft, its most ubiquitous propeller example is a common outboard motor for a small boat.

“Pusher configuration” describes the specific (propeller or ducted fan) thrust device attached to a craft, either aerostats (airship) or aerodynes (aircraft, WIG, paramotor, rotorcraft) or others types such as hovercraft, airboats, and propeller-driven snowmobiles.
Orpheus Descending (The Killing)
"Orpheus Descending" is the thirteenth episode of the American television drama series The Killing, which aired on June 19, 2011. The episode was co-written by Nic Pizzolatto and series creator Veena Sud, and directed by Brad Anderson. In the episode, the detectives investigate Darren Richmond’s involvement with Rosie Larsen. Mitch and Stan Larsen discuss their family's future. Belko Royce takes action to protect the Larsens.

Brad Anderson (director)
Brad Anderson (born April 5, 1964) is an American film director, producer and writer. A director of thriller and horror films and television projects, he is best known for directing The Machinist (2004), starring Christian Bale, psychological horror film Session 9 (2001) and The Call (2013), starring Halle Berry. He also produced and directed several episodes of the Fox science fiction series Fringe. Earlier in his career he directed the romantic comedies Next Stop Wonderland (1998) and Happy Accidents (2000).
Amago Yoshihisa
Amago Yoshihisa (尼子 義久; 1540 – October 14, 1610) was a daimyō (lord) of Izumo Province.

He was the eldest son of Haruhisa and he was given the childhood name of Saburōshirō (三郎四郎). After his father's sudden death in 1560, he became the head of the clan to continue the fight against the Mōri clan. While besieged in Gassantoda Castle, Yoshihisa had a retainer, Uyama Hisakane executed after fearing betrayal. This caused most of his remaining troops to desert and on 1566, he surrendered to Mōri Motonari. Yoshihisa was permitted to become a monk and was held captive at Enmeiji. As a monk, Yoshihisa changed his name to Yurin (友林).  After Mōri Terumoto became the head of Mōri clan, he became a retainer under Terumoto.

Izumo Province
Izumo Province (出雲国, Izumo no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [iꜜ.(d)zɯ.mo (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was an old province of Japan which today consists of the eastern part of Shimane Prefecture. It was sometimes called Unshū (雲州). The province is in the Chūgoku region.
2025 Central American and Caribbean Beach Games
The 2025 Central American and Caribbean Beach Games (Spanish: Juegos Centroamericanos y de Caribe de Mar y Playa), officially the II Central American and Caribbean Beach Games, will be an international multi-sport event held in Puntarenas, Costa Rica. The games are overseen by Centro Caribe Sports (formerly CACSO).

Puntarenas
Puntarenas (Spanish pronunciation: [puntaˈɾenas]) is a city in the Puntarenas Province, on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. As the seat of the Municipality of Puntarenas canton, it is awarded the title of city, which comprises the Puntarenas, Chacarita and El Roble districts. As the city of the first canton of the province, it is the capital city of the Puntarenas Province as well, according to the Administrative divisions of Costa Rica.
Son Myeong-jun
Son Myeong-jun (Korean: 손명준, Korean pronunciation: [son.mjʌŋ.dʑun]; born 17 January 1994) is a South Korean long-distance runner who specialises in the marathon. He competed in the men's marathon at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon
The men's marathon at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro took place on the Sambódromo on 21 August, the final day of the Games. One hundred fifty-five athletes from 79 nations competed. The event was won by Eliud Kipchoge of Kenya, the nation's second victory in the event in three Games. Feyisa Lilesa of Ethiopia took silver, while Galen Rupp of the United States took bronze. The defending champion going into the marathon was Ugandan Stephen Kiprotich.
Pencil Alliance
The Pencil Alliance (known as Pencil, in Spanish: Alianza del Lápiz) is a centrist Venezuelan political party founded on November 1, 2017. It currently has two mayors in the municipalities of San Sebastián and Libertador in the state of Aragua. It also has a council member in the Libertador Municipality of Caracas, along with other council members throughout the country.

Aragua
Aragua State (Spanish: Estado Aragua, IPA: [esˈtaðo aˈɾaɣwa]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. Located in the Central Region of Venezuela, it has plains, jungles, and Caribbean beaches, of which the most popular are Cata and Choroni. It has Venezuela's first national park, Henri Pittier National Park. The capital is Maracay, and it includes other important cities like Turmero and El Limón.

Aragua State covers a total surface area of 7,014 km2 (2,708 sq mi) and, based on the 2011 census information, the estimated population of Aragua State in 2012 is 1,630,308 inhabitants.
Earth, Moon, and Planets
Earth, Moon, and Planets is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published approximately ten times per year by Springer Science+Business Media. It was established in 1969 under the title The Moon, was known as The Moon and the Planets from 1978 to 1983, and was first published under the current title in February 1984. The editor-in-chief is Jamie D. Gilmour (University of Manchester). The journal's main focus is on research about the Solar System. Besides original research articles, Earth, Moon, and Planets publishes conference proceedings, review articles, book reviews, and special issues.

Zdeněk Kopal
Zdeněk Kopal (Czech pronunciation: [ˈzdɛɲɛk ˈkopal]; 4 April 1914 – 23 June 1993) was a Czechoslovak astronomer who mainly worked in England.

Kopal was born and grew up in Litomyšl (Czechoslovakia, now Czech Republic). In his early astronomical career, he studied variable stars and in particular close eclipsing binary stars. He attended Cambridge University in 1938 and later that year he went to Harvard College Observatory. After the war he became head of the astronomy department at the University of Manchester. He later assisted NASA with the Apollo program as an external expert.

He was editor-in-chief of the journal Astrophysics and Space Science since its foundation in 1968 until his death in 1993.

The asteroid 2628 Kopal was named in his honor.
Sport in Brunei
Sport in Brunei covers the variety of sports that are played, from amateur to professional levels, across the sultanate of Brunei Darussalam, in addition to individuals and teams who are sent to compete in tournaments both home and abroad.  Association football is the most popular sport played in Brunei.  Several sports, along with leisure activities are also partaken in Brunei; from badminton and swimming to horseback riding, mountain biking, and paintball.

2017 SEA Games
The 2017 Southeast Asian Games (Malay: Sukan Asia Tenggara 2017), officially known as the 29th Southeast Asian Games, or the 29th SEA Games, and commonly known as Kuala Lumpur 2017, were a Southeast Asian multi-sport event that took place from 19 to 30 August 2017 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This was the sixth time that Malaysia hosted the Games and its first time since 2001. Previously, it had also hosted the 1965, 1971, 1977 and 1989 editions of the Games. The 2017 edition is most notable for being the first edition to include winter sports.

The Games were held from 19 to 30 August 2017, although several events had commenced from 14 August 2017. Around 4,646 athletes participated at the event, which featured 404 events in 38 sports. It was opened by the King of Malaysia, Muhammad V at the Bukit Jalil National Stadium.

Hosts Malaysia led the final medal tally, followed by Thailand and Vietnam. Several games and national records were broken during the games.
Southern District of New York action against online poker players
The Southern District of New York (SDNY) Action Against Online Poker Players was a legal action taken by the Department of Justice in an effort to crack down on online poker.  The action occurred around June 8, 2009, when the government ordered four banks to freeze over 34 million dollars in payments owed to about 27,000 poker players.  According to the Poker Players Alliance, a grass-roots organization for poker players, federal prosecutors ordered Citibank, Wells Fargo and Goldwater Bank and Alliance Bank of Arizona to freeze the accounts of Allied Systems and Account Services.  Allied Systems and Account Services are two of the account-management companies that Full Tilt Poker, Absolute Poker, Ultimate Bet and PokerStars use for the disbursement of funds.

Full Tilt Poker
Full Tilt Poker is an Irish online poker card room and online casino that opened in June 2004.  Formerly privately owned by Tiltware, LLC and later by the Rational Entertainment Group, the site was acquired by The Stars Group (then known as Amaya Gaming Group) in a deal where Amaya acquired all of Rational's assets, including PokerStars. A statement by Amaya said the takeover would not affect the activities of Full Tilt Poker.  The deal was closed on August 1, 2014.

Just prior to the close of the purchase, Full Tilt Poker redirected and rebranded its domains from FullTiltPoker.com and FullTiltPoker.eu to FullTilt.com and FullTilt.eu.  A company spokesperson stated the change reflected the fact Full Tilt had "expanded to offer a range of single and multi-player variations of casino games".

Full Tilt has gaming licenses in Malta and the Isle of Man.
Manuel Sánchez Cuesta
Manuel Sánchez Cuesta (born 13 May 1952, in San Martín del Castañar, Salamanca) is philosopher, ethicist and humanist.

He studied in the University of Salamanca, Complutense University of Madrid, Heidelberg University and the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas in Rome. He is Philosophical Doctor. Since 1991 he is professor of ethics in the Complutense University of Madrid. He has also taught logic at the same university, Spanish literature and Spanish history of philosophy at the Heidelberg University as well as ethics at the Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico. 
Amongst other publications, he has regularly written about ethics and politics in the newspaper Diario 16, the paper Acontecimiento, as well as about history of philosophy in the weekly magazine El Médico.

Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas
The Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas (PUST), also known as the Angelicum or Collegio Angelico (in honor of its patron, the Doctor Angelicus Thomas Aquinas), is a pontifical university located in the historic center of Rome, Italy. The Angelicum is administered by the Dominican Order and is the order's central locus of Thomistic theology and philosophy.

The Angelicum is coeducational and offers both undergraduate and graduate degrees in theology, philosophy, canon law, and social sciences, as well as certificates and diplomas in related areas.  Courses are offered in Italian and some in English. The Angelicum is staffed by clergy and laity and serves both religious and lay students from around the world.
Mead & Tomkinson racing
Mead & Tomkinson was a motorcycle and car dealership in Hereford Monmouth and Tewkesbury, Gloucester, England. Three of the Tomkinsons, sons Chris and Patrick, and their father, Mike, successfully built and fielded racing motorcycles. They concentrated on the Isle of Man TT and on 24-hour and 8-hour endurance races at Spa, Barcelona,  Thruxton and the Le Mans Bol d'Or. One of their riders was Neil Tuxworth (later head of Honda HRC UK racing team).

Le Mans
Le Mans (/ləˈmɒ̃/; French: [lə mɑ̃] ⓘ) is a city in northwestern France on the Sarthe River where it meets the Huisne. Traditionally the capital of the province of Maine, it is now the capital of the Sarthe department and the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese of Le Mans. Le Mans is a part of the Pays de la Loire region.

Its inhabitants are called Manceaux (male) and Mancelles (female). Since 1923, the city has hosted the 24 Hours of Le Mans, the world's oldest active endurance sports car race. The event is among the most attended and prestigious motor sports events in the world.
Buor-Sysy
Buor-Sysy (Russian: Буор-Сысы; Yakut: Буор Сыһыы, Buor Sıhıı) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Indigirsky National Rural Okrug of Momsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) from Khonuu, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 387, of whom 198 were male and 189 female, down from 463 recorded during the 2002 Census.

Momsky District
Momsky District (Russian: Момский улу́с; Yakut: Муома улууһа, Muoma uluuha, [muoma uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the republic. The area of the district is 104,600 square kilometers (40,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Khonuu. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 4,452, with the population of Khonuu accounting for 55.6% of that number.
Erythranthe cardinalis
Erythranthe cardinalis, the scarlet monkeyflower, is a flowering perennial in the family Phrymaceae. Together with other species in Mimulus section Erythranthe, it serves as a model system for studying pollinator-based reproductive isolation. It was formerly known as Mimulus cardinalis.

Mimulus
Mimulus /ˈmɪmjuːləs/, also known as monkeyflowers, is a plant genus in the family Phrymaceae, which was traditionally placed in family Scrophulariaceae. The genus now contains only seven species, two native to eastern North America and the other five native to Asia, Australia, Africa, or Madagascar. In the past, about 150 species were placed in this genus, most of which have since been assigned to other genera, the majority to genus Erythranthe.

Mimulus species prefer wet or moist areas and are not drought resistant. Several are cultivated as ornamental garden plants. The cultivar 'Highland Red' has received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.