hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pirate Party Turkey
The Pirate Party Turkey (Turkish: Korsan Parti Türkiye) is a political organization in Turkey based on the model of the Swedish Pirate Party. It was firstly founded by Serdar Kuzuloğlu and İsmail Hakkı Polat on August 26, 2009. After getting dissolved in 2010 due to infighting and disagreements, it got refound in 2013 by Serhat Koç, Barış Büyükakyol and Şevket Uyanık. The organization is inactive since 2015 and a reorganization attempt in 2017 got unsuccessful. The organization got a third refoundation on January 21, 2021, which is still in process of reorganizing the old supporters while trying to appeal to the new generation.

Political organisation
A political organisation is any organisation whose primary purpose is involving itself in the political process, including political parties, non-governmental organisations, and special interest advocacy groups. Political organisations are those engaged in political activities (e.g., lobbying, community organizing, campaign advertising, etc.) aimed at achieving clearly defined political goals, which typically benefit the interests of their members.

While parties are one type of political organisation that may engage in some or all of those activities, they are distinct in that they typically focus on supporting candidates for public office, winning elections and controlling government.
Pseudopithyella
Pseudopithyella is a genus of fungi in the family Sarcoscyphaceae. There are two species in the genus, which have a widespread distribution. Pseudopithyella was circumscribed by Fred Jay Seaver in 1928.

Fred Jay Seaver
Fred Jay Seaver (14 March 1877 – 21 December 1970) was an American mycologist. He worked at the New York Botanical Garden for 40 years, initially as the Director of Laboratories (1908–1911), then as the Curator (1912–1943), and finally as Head Curator (1943–1948). Between 1907 and 1909 he issued two exsiccatae, North Dakota Fungi and Ascomycetes and lower fungi, the later with G. W. Wilson. He was also an editor of the journal Mycologia between 1909 and 1947. In 1928, Seaver published North American Cup-fungi (Operculates), which was expanded with a supplement in 1942 and a second volume in 1951, titled North American Cup-fungi (Inoperculates).

Botanist Herbert Hice Whetzel published Seaverinia in 1945, named after Seaver, which is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae.
Alfred J. Lotka
Alfred James Lotka (March 2, 1880 – December 5, 1949) was a Polish-American mathematician, physical chemist, and statistician, famous for his work in population dynamics and energetics. A biophysicist, Lotka is best known for his proposal of the predator–prey model, developed simultaneously but independently of Vito Volterra. The Lotka–Volterra model is still the basis of many models used in the analysis of population dynamics in ecology.

Vito Volterra
Vito Volterra KBE FRS(For) HFRSE (/voʊlˈtɛrə/, Italian: [ˈviːto volˈtɛrra]; 3 May 1860 – 11 October 1940) was an Italian mathematician and physicist, known for his contributions to mathematical biology and integral equations, being one of the founders of functional analysis.
Robert S. Kiss
Robert S. Kiss (November 27, 1957 – November 5, 2021) was an American politician in the state of West Virginia. He was a member of the West Virginia House of Delegate between 1988 and 2007, serving as the 54th Speaker of the House for the Democratic Party between 1997 and 2007.

West Virginia House of Delegates
The West Virginia House of Delegates is the lower house of the West Virginia Legislature in West Virginia. Only three states—Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia—refer to their lower house as the House of Delegates.
John Ryden
John Johnston Ryden (18 February 1931 – 16 August 2013) was a Scottish professional footballer who played for Duntocher Hibernian, Alloa Athletic, Accrington Stanley, Tottenham Hotspur, Watford, Romford, Tunbridge Wells Rangers and Bexley Utd

Duntocher Hibernian F.C.
Duntocher Hibernian Football Club were a Scottish Junior football club from the village of Duntocher, West Dunbartonshire, who played in three spells over a period of 86 years. Based at Glenhead Park from 1929, the club colours were green with white sleeves.
Warren Giese
Warren E. Giese (July 14, 1924 – September 12, 2013) was an American state legislator in South Carolina and a college football coach. He served as the head football coach for the South Carolina Gamecocks for five years at the University of South Carolina. He later served in the South Carolina State Senate.

At South Carolina, Giese employed a conservative, run-first game strategy, but he enthusiastically adopted the two-point conversion when it was made legal in 1958. That year, he also correctly predicted the rise of special teams after the NCAA relaxed its player substitution rules.

Central Michigan University
Central Michigan University (CMU, CMICH) is a public research university in Mount Pleasant, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1892 as a private normal school and became a state institution in 1895. CMU is one of the eight research universities in Michigan and is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". It has more than 14,000 students on its Mount Pleasant campus. CMU offers 200 academic programs at the undergraduate, master's, specialist, and doctoral levels. The Central Michigan Chippewas compete in the NCAA Division I Mid-American Conference in six men's and ten women's sports.
Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo
Maria Vittoria Carlotta Enrichetta Giovanna dal Pozzo, 6th Princess of Cisterna d'Asti and of Belriguardo (9 August 1847 – 8 November 1876), was an Italian noblewoman who was Queen of Spain from 16 November 1870 until 11 February 1873 as the wife of King Amadeo I. Maria Vittoria inherited her princely title after the death of her father. In 1867, she married Amadeo, then Duke of Aosta, second son of King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy. In 1870, her husband became the king of Spain, making her queen consort. King Amadeo abdicated after a reign of less than three years, and he and Maria Vittoria returned to Italy. She died in Sanremo, Italy, in 1876.

Queen consort
A queen consort  is the wife of a reigning king, and usually shares her spouse's social rank and status. She holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles and may be crowned and anointed, but historically she does not formally share the king's political and military powers, unless on occasion acting as regent.  In polygynous societies, a (male) monarch has a principal or senior wife.

In contrast, a queen regnant is a female monarch who rules suo jure (Latin for, "in her own right") and usually becomes queen by inheriting the throne upon the death of the previous monarch.

A queen dowager is a widowed queen consort, and a queen mother is a queen dowager who is the mother of the current monarch.
Gérard Dion
Gérard Dion OC OQ MSRC (1912–1990) was a Canadian Roman Catholic priest and sociologist. Born on 5 December 1912 in Sainte-Cécile de Frontenac, Quebec, Dion was ordained in 1939. Dion studied at Université Laval before becoming a teacher in the Faculty of Social Sciences in 1943. Three years later, he was appointed deputy director of the new Department of Industrial Relations. He was the director from 1957 to 1963. A pioneer in industrial relations, he published several books, the most important remain the Dictionnaire canadien des relations du travail (1976, reprinted in 1986). He died on 6 November 1990.

Université Laval
Université Laval is a public research university in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The university traces its roots to the Séminaire de Québec, founded by François de Montmorency-Laval in 1663, making it the oldest institution of higher education in Canada and the first North American institution to offer higher education in French. The university, which was founded in Old Québec, moved to a new campus in the 1950s in the suburban borough of Sainte-Foy–Sillery–Cap-Rouge. It is ranked among the top 10 Canadian universities in research funding and holds four Canada Excellence Research Chairs.
Capillary flow porometry
Capillary flow porometry, also known as porometry, is a characterization technique based on the displacement of a wetting liquid from the sample pores by applying a gas at increasing pressure. It is widely used to measure minimum, maximum (or first bubble point) and mean flow pore sizes, and pore size distribution in membranes  nonwovens, paper, filtration and ultrafiltration media, hollow fibers, ceramics, etc.

In capillary flow porometry an inert gas is used to displace a liquid, which is in the pores. The pressure required to empty the pore corresponds to the pressure necessary to evacuate the liquid from the most constricted part of the pore. This most constricted part is the most challenging one and it offers the highest resistance to remove the wetting liquid. This parameter is very relevant in filtration and similar applications since it is important to know the smallest diameter of the through pores.

Ultrafiltration
Ultrafiltration (UF) is a variety of membrane filtration in which forces such as pressure or concentration gradients lead to a separation through a semipermeable membrane. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained in the so-called retentate, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane in the permeate (filtrate). This separation process is used in industry and research for purifying and concentrating macromolecular (103–106 Da) solutions, especially protein solutions.

Ultrafiltration is not fundamentally different from microfiltration. Both of these are separate based on size exclusion or particle capture. It is fundamentally different from membrane gas separation, which separate based on different amounts of absorption and different rates of diffusion. Ultrafiltration membranes are defined by the molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of the membrane used. Ultrafiltration is applied in cross-flow or dead-end mode.
Minangkabau culture
Minangkabau culture (Minangkabau: budayo Minangkabau) is one of the native Sumatran cultures, it encompass the culture of the Minangkabau – the indigenous Indonesian people native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra (most specifically in Western Sumatra). This culture is one of the major cultures in the Sumatran sphere.

Minangkabau culture adheres to a matrilineal system in terms of marriage, ethnicity, inheritance, and customary titles. The Minangkabau people survive as the world's largest matrilineal adherents. The principles of Minangkabau custom in modern-days are contained in the statement of "Adaik basandi syarak, syarak basandi Kitabullah" (lit. 'the [Minangkabau] customs have to be Islamic (Sharia), [and those] Islamic [means] have to be based on Quran'), refers to the Islamized-based customary laws that are commonly adhered by the predominant Minangkabau Muslims.

Surau
A surau is an Islamic assembly building, originating in West Sumatra and later found throughout the Malay Peninsula as well as in Thailand. Adapted from pre-Islamic assembly buildings, surau serve a similar purpose as a mosque and are used for the prayers as well as religious classes. A typical surau is located in a village or town and is built in an architectural style native to the locality.

In contemporary times, the word surau is synonymous with musalla and refers to prayer rooms in commercial spaces and educational institutions.
Hesperodiaptomus
Hesperodiaptomus is a genus of copepods in the family Diaptomidae, containing 18 species. Two species – Hesperodiaptomus augustaensis and Hesperodiaptomus californiensis – are endemic to the United States and listed as vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List.

It is one of the most diverse genera of freshwater copepods in North and Central America, where its members live in alpine communities.

Copepod
Copepods (/ˈkoʊpəpɒd/; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.
X Games XVIII
X Games XVIII (re-titled X Games Los Angeles 2012) was an action sporting event which took place from June 28 – July 1, 2012 in Los Angeles, California. Venues for the event included the Staples Center, Nokia Theatre and the streets near L.A. Live. The games featured the sports of Moto X, skateboarding, BMX, and Rallycross. Last year's X Games 17 was the first ever X Games to feature Enduro X, which replaced Super X. In 2013, the Summer X Games will be held in four international cities in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil (April 18–21, 2013); Barcelona, Spain (May 9–12, 2013); Munich, Germany (June 27–30, 2013); and Los Angeles, California (August 1–4, 2013).

The event was also held during the weekend of the 2012 Anime Expo which took place at the nearby Los Angeles Convention Center.

Los Angeles Convention Center
The Los Angeles Convention Center is a convention center located in the southwest section of Downtown Los Angeles, California, United States. It hosts multiple annual conventions and has often been used as a filming location in TV shows and movies.
Palaemon vulgaris
Palaemon vulgaris, variously known as the common American prawn, common grass shrimp, marsh grass shrimp or marsh shrimp, is a common species of shrimp in the western Atlantic Ocean from Cape Cod Bay to the Gulf of Mexico. Adults grow to less than 5 cm (2.0 in) long, and are transparent except for some orange pigmentation on the eyestalks.

Cape Cod Bay
Cape Cod Bay is a large bay of the Atlantic Ocean adjacent to the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Measuring 604 square miles (1,560 km2) below a line drawn from Brant Rock in Marshfield to Race Point in Provincetown, Massachusetts, it is enclosed by Cape Cod to the south and east, and Plymouth County, Massachusetts, to the west. To the north of Cape Cod Bay lie Massachusetts Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. Cape Cod Bay is the southernmost extremity of the Gulf of Maine. Cape Cod Bay is one of the bays adjacent to Massachusetts that give it the name Bay State. The others are Narragansett Bay, Buzzards Bay, and Massachusetts Bay.
Terrence Murphy (New York politician)
Terrence P. Murphy (born July 5, 1966) is an American politician, chiropractor, and business owner from Jefferson Valley, New York. Murphy represented the 40th Senate District (which includes parts of Dutchess, Putnam and Westchester Counties) in the New York State Senate from 2015 to 2018.

Putnam County, New York
Putnam County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,668. The county seat is Carmel, within one of the county's six towns. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Putnam County is bordered by Dutchess County to the north, Connecticut and its county of Fairfield to the east,  Westchester County to the south, and the Hudson River and Orange County to the west. Midtown Manhattan is around a one-hour drive, and the county is included in the New York metropolitan area.

Putnam County was formed in 1812 from Dutchess County and is named for Israel Putnam, a hero in the French and Indian War and a general in the American Revolutionary War.

It is one of the most affluent counties in America, ranked 21st by median household income, and 43rd by per-capita income, according to the 2012 American Community Survey and 2009–2013 American Community Survey, respectively.
2010 Copa Sudamericana
The 2010 Copa Sudamericana de Clubes (officially the 2010 Copa Nissan Sudamericana de Clubes for sponsorship reasons) was the 9th edition of CONMEBOL's secondary international club tournament. The winner qualified for the 2011 Copa Libertadores, the 2011 Recopa Sudamericana, and the 2011 Suruga Bank Championship. LDU Quito was the defending champion.

Starting with this edition, each country gained an additional berth, with the exception of Argentina and Brazil. Boca Juniors and River Plate were no longer invited to the competition without merit.

2011 Copa Libertadores
The 2011 Copa Libertadores de América (officially the 2011 Copa Santander Libertadores de América for sponsorship reasons) was the 52nd edition of the Copa Libertadores de América, South America's premier international club football tournament organized by CONMEBOL. It was held from January 25 to June 22 of the same year. Brazilian club Internacional were the defending champion, but they were eliminated by Uruguayan team Peñarol in the round of 16. Internacional was succeeded by Brazilian club Santos, who won their third title after defeating Peñarol in the two-legged finals.
Santos qualified to the 2011 FIFA Club World Cup and the 2012 Recopa Sudamericana.
Derek Famulare
Derek Famulare (born December 22, 1989) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He most recently played for Laval Prédateurs of the LNAH. He previously played for HC TPS of the Liiga. Famulare was born to a Finnish mother and a Canadian father, and also holds a Finnish citizenship.

Famulare played junior hockey for the Chicoutimi Saguenéens, Val-d'Or Foreurs, Acadie-Bathurst Titan and Prince Edward Island Rocket from 2006 until 2010. Famulare attended Concordia University for one year, then turned professional in Europe with TUTO Hockey of the Mestis league in Finland. Famulare made his Liiga debut playing with HC TPS during the 2013–14 Liiga season. He returned to Canada to join the Cornwall River Kings of the LNAH in 2014. He signed with the Laval Prédateurs in 2015, but only played one game.

Cornwall River Kings
The Cornwall River Kings were a professional ice hockey team based in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada and members of the Ligue Nord-Américaine de Hockey (LNAH).  They played their home games at Ed Lumley Arena at the Cornwall Civic Complex. The team was also formerly known as the Windsor Wild of Windsor, Quebec before moving to Cornwall in 2012.
Global 6 United
Global 6 United was a Luxembourgish and previously New Zealand UCI Continental cycling team focusing on road bicycle racing.

The team was founded by James Mitri with the aim of uniting riders from the six continents.

For the 2024 season the team was licensed in Luxembourg. After the season the team disbanded.

Cycling team
A cycling team is a group of cyclists who join a team or are acquired and train together to compete in bicycle races whether amateur or professional – and the supporting personnel. Cycling teams are most important in road bicycle racing, which is a team sport, but collaboration between team members is also important in track cycling and cyclo-cross.
Aseerzadi
Aseer Zadi (Urdu: اسیر زادی, lit. 'Daughter of a Prisoner') is a Pakistani television drama series written by Mustafa Afridi and directed by Mohammed Ehteshamuddin. It was produced by Momina Duraid and aired on Hum TV from 17 August 2013 to 25 January 2014. The series features an ensemble cast, including Sania Saeed, Ainy Jaffri, Sakina Samo, Salman Shahid, Farah Shah, and Noor Hassan Rizvi. The story follows a girl who challenges the traditional norms and values of the family she has recently married into.

The show was selected to run in India on Zindagi under the title Pyar Ka Haq. It marked the last on-screen appearance of veteran actor Farooq Zameer following his death in February 2017. In January 2024, the series was celebrated in a week-long event in Paris, Texas, becoming the first Pakistani series to receive official recognition in the US at a governmental level.

Zindagi (TV channel)
Zee Zindagi (also known as Zindagi TV) is an Indian general entertainment channel, owned by the Zee Entertainment Enterprises (ZEEL). It also promoted itself as a television channel broadcasting short-run programming and as India's new Hindi entertainment channel, rather than on-going, indefinite serials.

It has syndicated content from various countries including Brazil, Pakistan, South Korea, Turkey and Ukraine. It launched on 23 June 2014, ZEEL invested ₹100 crores to launch the network. Zindagi's shows Dhoop Ki Deewar and Qatil Haseenaon Ke Naam won big at Promax 2022 Awards.
Frederick Wills (Guyana)
Frederick "Fred" Rudolph Wills (18 September 1928 – 1992) was the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Guyana from 1975 to 1978. He was a renowned statesman, lawyer, cricket expert and intellectual. Wills is cited for his intellectual and academic genius by oral stories from his fellow-Guyanese and globally.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Guyana)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation is the government ministry of Guyana responsible for directing the nation's external relations and the operations of its international diplomatic missions. Hugh Todd has directed the ministry as Minister of Foreign Affairs since August 2020. The ministry is located in the capital city, Georgetown.
Saboteur (short story)
"Saboteur" is a short story written by Ha Jin. It was first published in The Antioch Review in 1996, selected for 1997 edition of The Best American Short Stories anthology series, and included in the 2000 short story collection The Bridegroom.

The Antioch Review
The Antioch Review is an American literary magazine established in 1941 at Antioch College in Ohio. The magazine was published on a quarterly basis. One of the oldest continuously published literary magazines in the United States prior to it being put on hiatus by the college in 2020, it published fiction, essays, and poetry from both emerging and established authors.
Irina Tkatchuk
Irina Anatolyevna Tkatchuk (Russian: Ирина Анатольевна Ткачук, born 9 July 1983) is a Russian former competitive figure skater. She is the 2000 Russian junior national champion, the 2000 Skate Israel champion, and the 2001 Winter Universiade champion. She qualified twice for the Junior Grand Prix Final, placing 7th in the 1999–2000 season and 8th in the 2001–2002 season. Following her retirement from competitive skating, she toured with Holiday on Ice.

Figure skating at the Winter World University Games
Figure skating is a part of the FISU World University Games. It was first held as part of the Universiade in 1960. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, ice dancing, and synchronized skating.