hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kumagaya Rugby Ground
Kumagaya Rugby Stadium (熊谷ラグビー場), is a rugby stadium in Kumagaya, Saitama Prefecture, Japan. It is currently used mostly for rugby union matches. The stadium was built in 1991 and renovated between 2016 and 2018. Its capacity expanded from 20,000 (10,000 seated) to 24,000 (fully seated). The stadium is part of a larger sports complex which includes the Kumagaya Athletic Stadium, a smaller athletics stadium and a large arena. The complex is located in the Kumagaya Park.

Saitama Prefecture
Saitama Prefecture (埼玉県, Saitama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜi.ta.ma, sai.ta.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Saitama Prefecture has a population of 7,338,536 (January 1, 2020) and has a geographic area of 3,797 km2 (1,466 sq mi). Saitama Prefecture borders Tochigi Prefecture and Gunma Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the west, Yamanashi Prefecture to the southwest, Tokyo to the south, Chiba Prefecture to the southeast, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the northeast.

Saitama is the capital and largest city of Saitama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kawaguchi, Kawagoe, and Tokorozawa.
Patti Townsend
Patti Townsend, formerly Patti Benedict (born c. 1972), is an American softball coach and former player.  She has been a softball coach at Tallahassee Community College since 1996 and the head coach since 2003.

Townsend previously played college softball at the University of Michigan from 1990 to 1993, where she was a first-team NFCA All-American in 1993 and the Big Ten Conference Player of the Year in 1992 and 1993.  She played professional softball for the Georgia Pride and Florida Wahoos and was named the Most Valuable Player in the Women's Professional Softball League in 2000.  She also played for Team USA in 1995 and 1997 and was a member of the USA Team that won the gold medal in the 1995 Pan American Games.

1995 Pan American Games
The 1995 Pan American Games, officially known as the XII Pan American Games (Spanish: XII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mar del Plata 1995, were held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, from 12 to 26 March 1995. After 44 years, this was the Pan American Games' first return to the country that hosted the first Games, in 1951.
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games – Men's 200 metre backstroke
The men's 200 metre backstroke competition of the swimming events at the 1999 Pan American Games took place on 4 August at the Pan Am Pool. The last Pan American Games champion was Brad Bridgewater of US.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all in backstroke.

Brad Bridgewater
Bradley Michael Bridgewater (born March 29, 1973) is an American former competition swimmer who won the gold medal in the men's 200-meter backstroke at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.

Bridgewater attended Lake Mary High School in Lake Mary, Florida, and was coached by 1972 Olympic gold medalist Fred Tyler.  In college, he swam for the Texas Longhorns swimming and diving team of the University of Texas from 1992 to 1994, then transferred to the University of Southern California (USC).  Under Trojans coach Mark Schubert, Bridgewater earned 1995 and 1996 All-America honors in the 100- and 200-meter backstroke.

At the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Bridgewater won the gold medal in men's 200-meter backstroke with a time of 1:58.54, beating fellow American and rival Tripp Schwenk by .45 seconds.

Bridgewater currently serves as vice-president for Dallas, Texas investment management firm PHH Investments.
Andrés Andai
András Andai better known by his hispanized name Andrés Andai Zoltanovic (b. 1905 or 1906, d. 1960) was a Hungarian Chilean businessman known for his contributions to medium-scale iron mining in Chile. Despite lacking a background in mining starting in 1952 in few years he extended a mining business through Compañía Minera Santa Fe that operated mines from Ovalle in the south to Chañaral in the north. Before his mining enterprises in the 1950s iron mining in Chile was largely restricted to the mine of El Tofo.

Medium-scale mining
Medium-scale mining refers to mining that is larger than artisanal or small-scale mining but smaller than large-scale mining. Its exact definition may vary by country and also between different organizations within a country. Some criteria are based on the yearly man-hours employed in the mining operation and others on either the total mass ore extracted, the mass of metal (or non-metallic mineral) extracted or the dry-equivalent mass of ore concentrate produced.
Étoile FC
Étoile Football Club was a professional football club from France based in Commonwealth, Singapore, that was formed to play in Singaporean S.League in 2010. Étoile was the first team of players all born in Europe to play football in Singapore's professional league, and the first in Asia. The club was mostly made up of players of French origin.

Étoile then made history by becoming the first foreign team to win S.league title, sealing the title on a dramatic final day with a 4–2 victory over Albirex Niigata (S). Étoile have won 1 league title, 1 Singapore League Cup and 1 Community Shield.

After pulling out of the S.League in 2012, Étoile was converted to Ètoile Football Academy based in Commonwealth, aiming to provide quality football coaching and development for individuals from all walks of life.

2011 S.League
The 2011 S.League was the 16th season of the S.League, the top professional football league in Singapore. Tampines Rovers FC won their third title. As in the previous season the S.League was not allowed to send a team to the AFC Champions League because of the participation of a foreign team in the league.
Hegelung
The hegelung is a wooden two-stringed lute played by the Tboli, an animist ethnolinguistic group of southern Mindanao in the Philippines.

The instrument is tall and slender, with nine frets. One string is used as a drone, and the other for melodic ornamentation. 
The performer playing the hegelung usually plays while dancing or with body movements and sometimes accompanies the instrument with singing.

Tboli believed that they could learn to play the hegelung if they rubbed their fingers with an insect called a meglung and the leaves of the meglung vine because the names rhymed.  They thought that rhyming names could help them acquire the skill to play the instrument.

Fret
A fret is any of the thin strips of material, usually metal wire, inserted laterally at specific positions along the neck or fretboard of a stringed instrument. Frets usually extend across the full width of the neck. On some historical instruments and non-European instruments, frets are made of pieces of string tied around the neck.

Frets divide the neck into fixed segments at intervals related to a musical framework. On instruments such as guitars, each fret represents one semitone in the standard western system, in which one octave is divided into twelve semitones.

Fret is often used as a verb, meaning simply "to press down the string behind a fret". Fretting often refers to the frets and/or their system of placement.
Santiago de la Puebla
Santiago de la Puebla is a village and municipality in the province of Salamanca,  western Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is located 54 kilometres from the provincial capital city of Salamanca and has a population of 417 people.

Province of Salamanca
Salamanca (Spanish pronunciation: [salaˈmaŋka]) is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León (Castilla y León). It is bordered by the provinces of Ávila, Cáceres, Valladolid, and Zamora, and on the west by Portugal. It has an area of 12,349 km2 and in 2018 had a population of 331,473 people. It is divided into 362 municipalities, 11 comarcas, 32 mancomunidades, and five judicial districts. Of the 362 municipalities, more than half are villages with fewer than 300 people.
Megumi Mizusawa
Megumi Mizusawa (水沢めぐみ, Mizusawa Megumi; born 3 July 1963) is the pen name of a Japanese manga artist. Her real name is Atsuko Naruse, and her maiden name was Katou. She is best known for her manga Hime-chan's Ribbon, which was published in Ribon.

She is good friends with fellow manga artists, Wataru Yoshizumi, Ai Yazawa and Miho Obana.

Ribon
Ribon (りぼん; lit. "Ribbon") is a monthly Japanese shōjo manga magazine published by Shueisha on the third of each month. First issued in August 1955, its rivals are Nakayoshi and Ciao. It is one of the best-selling shōjo manga magazines, having sold over 590 million copies since 1978. Its circulation was in the millions between 1987 and 2001, peaking at 2.3 million in 1994. In 2009, the magazine's circulation was 274,167. In 2010, the circulation dropped to 243,334.

Ribon has also inspired multiple spin-off magazines, including Bessatsu Ribon (1966–1968); Ribon Comics, renamed Junior Comics (1967–1968); Ribon Comic (1968–1971); Ribon Deluxe (1975–1978); and Ribon Original (1981–2006).
Edmodo
Edmodo was an educational technology platform for K–12 schools and teachers. Launched in 2008, it enabled teachers to share content, distribute quizzes and assignments, and manage communication with students, colleagues, and parents. The service was shut down on September 22, 2022.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Çermenikë
Çermenikë or Çermenika is an upland northeast of Elbasan, in central Albania.

In the Middle Ages, as Tzernikon or Tzernikos it was an episcopal see of the Patriarchate of Constantinople, as a suffragan see of the Archbishopric of Dyrrhachium.

In the medieval period the upland used to be inhabited completely by Catholics. The Roman-Catholic church then erected an episcopal see, which is today the Titular See of Tzernicus and which was a suffragan of the Metropolitan See of Achrida (Ohrid).

In the mid-15th century, the region was ruled by Gjergj Arianiti, one of the main leaders of the Albanian resistance to the Ottoman Empire.

In the late Ottoman period it is reported that the region had 12 villages and 3000 Bektashi inhabitants.

In World War II, the area was a centre of the Albanian Resistance to the German occupation.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ohrid
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ohrid (also Archdiocese of Achrida, Archdiocese of Ochrida or Archdiocese of Acrida, Latin: Achridanus seu Ochridanus) was a Latin Catholic archdiocese, suppressed in the 1700s, and is now a titular see, at modern Ohrid in North Macedonia.
Dan Stoenescu
Dan Stoenescu (born 4 November 1980) is a Romanian career diplomat, political scientist and journalist. He was a minister in the technocratic government of Prime Minister Dacian Cioloș.

He is a specialist in international relations, the Arab World and migration. He is interested in the protection of the rights of the Romanian diaspora and in the preservation of the language and culture of ethnic Romanians abroad. From March 2017  to May 22, 2021, he was Romania's ambassador to Tunisia.

On April 16, 2021, European Union foreign policy chief Josep Borrell announced his appointment as EU chargé d’affaires to Syria, effective September.

Stoenescu is fluent in Spanish, French, Italian, English, Portuguese, Romanian, and has notions of Arabic.

Djerba
Djerba (/ˈdʒɜːrbə, ˈdʒɛərbə/; Arabic: جربة, romanized: Jirba, IPA: [ˈʒɪrbæ] ⓘ; Italian: Meninge, Girba), also transliterated as Jerba or Jarbah, is a Tunisian island and the largest island of North Africa at 514 square kilometers (198 sq mi), in the Gulf of Gabès, off the coast of Tunisia. Administratively, it is part of Medenine Governorate. The island had a population of 139,544 at the 2004 census, which rose to 163,726 at the 2014 census. Citing its long and unique history, Tunisia has sought UNESCO World Heritage status protections for the island, and, in 2023, Djerba was officially designated a World Heritage Site.
Gauldwell Castle
57°29′28″N 3°09′04″W﻿ / ﻿57.4911°N 3.1512°W﻿ / 57.4911; -3.1512

Gauldwell Castle was a 13th-century castle about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) north-west of Dufftown, Moray, Scotland, north of the River Fiddich.
Alternative names are Boharm Castle, Cauddwell Castle, Gallvall Castle and Goldwell Castle.

River Fiddich
The River Fiddich (Scottish Gaelic: Fiodhach / Abhainn Fhiodhaich) is a right bank tributary of the River Spey in northeast Scotland. It rises on the eastern slopes of Corriehabbie Hill in Glenfiddich Forest and flows northeastwards beneath the A941 road, past Auchindoun Castle to a sharp bend adjacent to the A920 road where it turns westwards to flow to Dufftown. The Fiddich is joined on the eastern edge of the town by the Dullan Water which drains Glen Rinnes. Their combined waters then flow generally northwestwards, passing beneath the B9014 road near Balvenie Castle and then the A95 at Craigellachie immediately before meeting the Spey.

The headwaters of the Dullan Water, the Burn of Favat and the Corryhabbie Burn, meet at Milltown of Laggan before flowing as the Dullan, northeastwards to Dufftown. There are distilleries adjacent to both rivers, notably that producing Glenfiddich whisky.
Lanarkite
Lanarkite is a mineral, a form of lead sulfate with formula Pb2(SO4)O. It was originally found at Leadhills in the Scottish county of Lanarkshire, hence the name.  It forms white or light green, acicular monoclinic prismatic crystals, usually microscopic in size. It is an oxidation product of galena.

In 2023, Lanarkite was used by Korean physicists in an attempt to make LK-99, a material evaluated for room-temperature superconductivity.

Monoclinic crystal system
In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems.  A crystal system is described by three vectors. In the monoclinic system, the crystal is described by vectors of unequal lengths, as in the orthorhombic system. They form a parallelogram prism. Hence two pairs of vectors are perpendicular (meet at right angles), while the third pair makes an angle other than 90°.
Rameshwar Pathak
Rameshwar Pathak (1 March 1938 – 3 December 2010) was an acclaimed Kamrupi Lokgeet singer from Kamrup, Assam, India. He was also known as Lokgeet Samrat in Assam. He also worked as a teacher in Arya Vidyapeeth Higher Secondary and Multipurpose School, Guwahati from 1963 to 1996.

Kamrup region
Kamrup is the modern region situated between two rivers, the Manas and the Barnadi in Western Assam, with the same territorial extent as the Colonial and post-Colonial "Undivided Kamrup district".  It was the capital region of two of the three dynasties of Kamarupa and Guwahati, the current political center of Assam, is situated here.  It is characterized by its cultural artifacts.
Cochin Minerals and Rutile Limited
Cochin Minerals and Rutile Limited (CMRL) (BSE: 513353) is a publicly listed chemicals company based in Kochi, Kerala, India. The company was founded in 1989 by Dr. S.N. Sasidharan Kartha with assistance from the Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation (KSIDC). The company is the only listed Indian entity in the synthetic rutile space.

Ilmenite
Ilmenite is a titanium-iron(II) oxide mineral with the idealized formula FeTiO3. It is a weakly magnetic black or steel-gray solid. Ilmenite is the most important ore of titanium and the main source of titanium dioxide, which is used as white pigment in paints, printing inks, fabrics, plastics, paper, sunscreen, food and cosmetics.
Peachocaris
Peachocaris is a genus of extinct crustaceans in the order Lophogastrida containing at least two species. Peachocaris were small shrimp-like crustacean that lived in the shallow seas of the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian). The species Peachocaris strongi is found in the Mazon Creek fossil beds, a carboniferous lagerstätte in Illinois.

The genus was named by Frederick Schram in 1974. It is named after the British paleontologist Ben Peach who provided significant contributions to the early study of Carboniferous Malacostraca.

Frederick Schram
Frederick Robert Schram (born August 11, 1943, in Chicago, Illinois) is an American palaeontologist and carcinologist. He received his B.S. in biology from Loyola University Chicago in 1965, and a Ph.D. on palaeozoology from the University of Chicago in 1968 .

He has written over 200 papers on various aspects of crustacean biology, taxonomy and systematics, as well as several books, including the standard text Crustacea . In 1983, he founded the journal Crustacean Issues, which he continued to edit for over twenty years. Much of his career has been spent at the Universiteit van Amsterdam, the Netherlands, from which he retired in 2005. In July 2005, he became the Editor of the Journal of Crustacean Biology .
By-elections to the 26th Canadian Parliament
By-elections to the 26th Canadian Parliament were held to fill vacancies in the House of Commons of Canada between the 1963 federal election and the 1965 federal election. The Liberal Party of Canada led a minority government for the entirety of the 26th Canadian Parliament, with no change from by-elections.

Six vacant seats were filled through by-elections.

1965 Canadian federal election
The 1965 Canadian federal election was held on November 8, 1965, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 27th Parliament of Canada. The Liberal Party of Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson was re-elected to government, winning more seats than any other party. It won more seats in the House even though it received a smaller share of the popular vote. It fell short of a majority government. It formed a minority government that due to support from other MPs, lasted three years.
2025 Croatia Open Umag
The 2025 Croatia Open, also known as the Plava Laguna Croatia Open Umag for sponsorship reasons, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 35th edition of the Croatia Open, and an ATP 250 tournament on the 2025 ATP Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Center in Umag, Croatia, from 20 July until 26 July 2025. Second-seeded Luciano Darderi won the singles title.

Matej Dodig
Matej Dodig (born 19 July 2005) is a Croatian tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 230 achieved on 23 February 2026 and a doubles ranking of No. 356 achieved on 21 July 2025.

He is not directly related to fellow Croatian tennis player Ivan Dodig.
Vince Grella
Vincenzo Grella (born 5 October 1979) is an Australian former footballer who played as a midfielder. Born in Dandenong to Italian immigrants, Antonio and Maria, Grella began his senior career in Australia before moving to Italy, where he spent over ten years, playing for Empoli, Ternana, Parma and Torino. He moved to Blackburn Rovers of the Premier League in 2008 where he spent four seasons, before returning to Australia in 2012 to play for Melbourne Heart.

He retired from professional football in January 2013, after a long-standing struggle with injuries. Grella represented the Australian national team on 46 occasions, and played at the 2006 and 2010 World Cups. His 2010 FIFA World Cup profile describes him as a possessing the "ability to mop up loose balls and halt opposition counter-attacks."

Ternana Calcio
Ternana Calcio, commonly referred to as Ternana, is an Italian football club based in Terni, Umbria and currently compete in the Serie C.

The club was founded in 1925 and refounded in 1993. In its history, Ternana has twice played in Serie A (in the 1972–73 and 1974–75 seasons) and 28 times in Serie B.

The first team from Umbria to reach Serie A, Ternana enjoys a local rivalry with Perugia. Ternana plays its home matches at the Stadio Libero Liberati.
Eduardo Oinegue
Eduardo Oinegue Fulfaro, best known as Eduardo Oinegue (born May 23, 1964), is a Brazilian journalist and TV host.

He is the anchor of Jornal da Band, commentator on BandNews TV and BandNews No Meio Do Dia, on BandNews FM.

BandNews FM
BandNews FM is a Brazilian all-news radio network owned by Grupo Bandeirantes de Comunicação. First broadcast on May 20, 2005, it is the first Brazilian radio network that provides non-stop news programming 24 hours a day, considering that CBN does intersperse news with talk shows.

The network's format consisted of 20-minute rotating newscasts with 3 of these minutes allocated for analysis and opinion from the anchors and columnists. The vast majority of its programming is produced and broadcast live from São Paulo.
Wells v SA Alumenite
Wells v SA Alumenite Co. is an important case in South African contract law, heard in the Appellate Division in Bloemfontein, on 6 October 1926, with judgment delivered on 11 October. Innes CJ, De Villiers JA, Kotzé JA, Wessels JA and Stratford AJA were the judges.

James Rose Innes
Sir James Rose Innes KCMG PC KC (8 January 1855 – 16 January 1942) was the Chief Justice of South Africa from 1914 to 1927 and, in the view of many, its greatest ever judge. Before becoming a judge he was a member of the Cape Parliament, the Cape Colony's Attorney-General, and a prominent critic of Cecil John Rhodes.  His grandson was Helmuth James Graf von Moltke, a prominent opponent of the Third Reich.
Ennia gens
The gens Ennia was a family of Calabrian descent.  It is known chiefly from a single individual, Quintus Ennius, a soldier, dramatist, and poet, whom the Romans came to regard as the father of their literature.  Ennius was born at Rudiae, a village near Brundisium in Calabria, in 239 BC.  He claimed descent from the ancient lords of Messapia.  As a young man, he served as a soldier in the Roman army, rising to the rank of centurion.  At the age of thirty-eight, he came to Rome in the train of Marcus Porcius Cato.  Most of his works have been lost, or exist only in fragments, but he was greatly influential on later Roman writers, including Vergil.

Lecce
Lecce (/ˈlɛtʃeɪ/ LETCH-ay, Italian: [ˈlettʃe] ⓘ) is a comune and a city in the southern italian region of Apulia, and capital of the province of Lecce. It is on the Salentine Peninsula, at the heel of the Italian Peninsula.

Because of its rich Baroque architecture, Lecce is nicknamed "The Florence of the South". "Lecce stone", a particular kind of limestone, is one of the main exports of the city. It is very soft and workable, thus suitable for sculptures. As well as being an industrial centre specializing in ceramics, Lecce is also an important agricultural centre, chiefly for its olive oil and wine production.

Lecce is home to the University of Salento.
Victor station (Colorado)
The Midland Terminal Railroad Depot in Victor, Colorado, was built in 1895 for the Midland Terminal Railway.

Colorado Midland Railroad established the Midland Terminal Railroad for a spur line between Divide and Cripple Creek and then to Victor. This allowed for ore to be transported via train rather than wagons for processing in Old Colorado City.

The brick depot contains features common to its type and period of construction including the wide overhanging eaves, the central bay office window, and the large freight doors.

Colorado Midland Railway
The Colorado Midland Railway (reporting mark CM), incorporated in 1883, was the first standard gauge railroad built over the Continental Divide in Colorado.  It ran from Colorado Springs to Leadville and through the divide at Hagerman Pass to Glenwood Springs and Grand Junction.  The sections of the railroad were constructed from east to west; the following table illustrates the proper sequence.