hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vinkensport
Vinkensport (Dutch for "finch sport") is a competitive animal sport in which male common chaffinches are made to compete for the highest number of bird calls in an hour. Also called vinkenzetting ("finch sitting"). It is primarily active in Flanders, the Dutch-speaking region of Belgium.

Vinkensport traces its origins to competitions held by Flemish merchants in 1596, and is considered part of traditional Flemish culture. As of 2007, it was estimated that there are over 13,000 enthusiasts, called vinkeniers ("finchers"), breeding 10,000 birds every year. Animal rights activists oppose the sport.

Flemish people
Flemish people or Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen [ˈvlaːmɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flamands) are one of three Belgian main ethnic groups native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%.

Flemish was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and culture gradually formed.
MV Kota Wajar
MV Kota Wajar is a 1997-built container ship operated by Pacific International Lines. On 15 October 2009, she was captured by Somali pirates en route to Mombasa.  After received a $4 million ransom, the pirates released the ship on 28 December 2009, she was then assisted with medical supplies and logistics by the Canadian frigate HMCS Fredericton (FFH 337).

HMCS Fredericton (FFH 337)
HMCS Fredericton is a Halifax-class frigate that has served in the Canadian Forces since 1994. Fredericton is the eighth ship in her class which is based on the Canadian Patrol Frigate Project. She is the second vessel to carry the name. Fredericton serves on MARLANT missions protecting Canada's sovereignty in the Atlantic Ocean and enforcing Canadian laws in its territorial sea and Exclusive Economic Zone. Fredericton has also been deployed on missions throughout the Atlantic and to the Indian Ocean; specifically the Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea on anti-terrorism operations. Fredericton has also participated in several NATO missions, patrolling the Atlantic Ocean as part of Standing Naval Force Atlantic (STANAVFORLANT) and its successor Standing NATO Response Force Maritime Group 1 (SNMG1). The frigate is assigned to Maritime Forces Atlantic (MARLANT) and is homeported at CFB Halifax.

As of 8 July 2022 Fredericton has been commanded by Commander Matt Mitchell.
2019 4 Hours of Shanghai
The 2019 4 Hours of Shanghai was an endurance sportscar racing event held on 10 November 2019, as the third round of the 2019-20 FIA World Endurance Championship. This was the inaugural running of the race, in a four-hour format, having previously been run as the 6 Hours of Shanghai. The race was won overall by Bruno Senna, Gustavo Menezes, and Norman Nato, in the #1 Rebellion Racing Rebellion R13, with the race being the first win on the road for a non hybrid LMP1 since the first ever WEC race, the 2012 12 Hours of Sebring.

Bruno Senna
Bruno Senna Lalli (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈbɾunu ˈsenɐ]; born 15 October 1983) is a Brazilian former racing driver who competed in Formula One from 2010 to 2012. In endurance racing, Senna won the 2017 FIA Endurance Trophy in the LMP2 class with Rebellion.

Born and raised in São Paulo, Senna is a nephew of three-time World Drivers' Champion Ayrton Senna. He made his debut in Formula One for HRT in 2010, raced for Renault from August 2011 as a replacement for Nick Heidfeld, and drove for the Williams team in 2012. Between 2014 and 2016, he drove for Mahindra in Formula E.
Weberbauerocereus
Weberbauerocereus is a genus of ceroid cactus, considered to be intermediate between the genera Trichocereus and Cleistocactus. The genus is named after Augusto Weberbauer because of his extensive research in the Peruvian Andes. The genus is native to Bolivia and Peru.

Trichocereus
Trichocereus is a formerly recognized genus of cacti native to South America (Bolivia, northern Chile, Ecuador and Peru). As of November 2025, it was considered by Plants of the World Online to be a synonym of the genus Echinopsis.
Oki Kibatarō
Oki Kibatarō (沖 牙太郎; 1848–1906) was a Japanese businessman and telecommunications engineer formerly employed at a Japanese Ministry of Industry (Kōbushō) factory. In 1877, only a year after Alexander Graham Bell's invention, Kōbushō had started an effort to make telephone receivers by reverse engineering and Oki was in the team that came up with the first prototype.
In January 1881, convinced that the nation was about to enter the age of communications, Oki founded Meikōsha, which was later renamed Oki Electric Industry.  The company manufactured the first telephones in Japan in 1881, only five years after the device was invented by Bell.

Ministry of Industry (Japan)
The  Ministry of Public Works  (工部省, Kōbushō) was a cabinet-level ministry in the Daijō-kan system of government of the Meiji period Empire of Japan from 1870 to 1885. It is also sometimes referred to as the “Ministry of Engineering” or “Ministry of Industry”.
2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase
The enzyme 2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase (EC 4.2.1.80) catalyzes the chemical reaction:

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate hydro-lyase (2-oxopent-4-enoate-forming). Other names in common use include 2-keto-4-pentenoate hydratase, OEH, 2-keto-4-pentenoate (vinylpyruvate)hydratase, and 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate hydro-lyase.  This enzyme participates in nine metabolic pathways: phenylalanine metabolism, benzoate degradation via hydroxylation, biphenyl degradation, toluene and xylene degradation, 1,4-dichlorobenzene degradation, fluorene degradation, carbazole degradation, ethylbenzene degradation, and styrene degradation.

Benzoate degradation via hydroxylation
Benzoate degradation via hydroxylation is an enzyme-catalyzed, bacterial chemical reaction. Benzoate is degraded aerobically and anaerobically. Aerobic degradation forms catechol. Anaerobic degradation forms cyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonylCoA. A hybrid degradation forms Acetyl-CoA and Succinyl-CoA.
Roundhay (ward)
Roundhay is an electoral ward of Leeds City Council in north east Leeds, West Yorkshire, covering the suburb of the same name, Gledhow and Oakwood.

The ward's boundaries run the A6120 Leeds Outer Ring Road to the north and the A58 Wetherby Road to the south and east.  The boundary also follows Gledhow Valley Road to the west before heading north-east to the A6120.

Leeds City Council
Leeds City Council is the local authority of the City of Leeds in West Yorkshire, England. Leeds has had a council since 1626, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1974 it has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. It is the second most populous local government district in the United Kingdom with approximately 800,000 inhabitants living within its area; only Birmingham City Council has more. Since 1 April 2014, it has been a constituent council of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2011. It meets at Leeds Civic Hall and has its main offices at Merrion House.
Bay (cloth)
Bay (Bayette, Bayeta) was a napped coarse woolen fabric, not technically considered cloth, introduced to England by Flemish immigrants in the 16th century. It was produced in Essex at Colchester and Bocking, and also in various towns in the West of England. Production continued until the 19th century. Bays were made into linings for furniture, hangings, curtains, bed surroundings, and cloaks.

Woolen
Woolen (American English) or woollen (Commonwealth English) is a type of yarn made from carded wool.  Woolen yarn is soft, light, stretchy, and full of air. It is thus a good insulator, and makes a good knitting yarn. Woolen yarn is in contrast to worsted yarn, in which the fibers are combed to lie parallel rather than carded, producing a hard, strong yarn.
1883 Upper Hunter colonial by-election
The 1883 Upper Hunter colonial by-election was held on 6 March 1883 for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Upper Hunter because of the resignation of John McElhone after a heated argument with the member for Mudgee Adolphus Taylor in which McElhone challenged Taylor to resign and both would contest Taylor's seat. The Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate reported that despite McElhone saying he would not stand for Upper Hunter, he had been nominated without his authority.

Newcastle Herald
The Newcastle Herald (formerly branded as The Herald) is a local tabloid newspaper published daily, Monday to Saturday, in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. It is the only local newspaper that serves the greater Hunter Region and Central Coast region six days a week. It is owned by Australian Community Media.
Hanover's Bertha
Hanover's Bertha (1927–1944) was a Standardbred horse and harness racing champion bred by Alexander B. Coxe and foaled at Hanover Shoe Farms in Hanover, Pennsylvania. She won the 1930 Hambletonian Stakes at Good Time Park in Goshen, New York, as well as the Kentucky Futurity at The Red Mile in Lexington, Kentucky.

Hanover's Bertha was the first winner to go on to foal another Hambletonian winner, 1937's Shirley Hanover. In 1957 Hanover's Bertha was inducted into the United States Harness Racing Hall of Fame.

Harness racing
Harness racing is a form of horse racing in which the horses race at a specific gait (a trot or a pace). They usually pull a two-wheeled cart called a sulky, spider, or chariot occupied by a driver. In Europe, and less frequently in Australia and New Zealand, races with jockeys riding directly on saddled trotters (trot monté in French) are also conducted.
Best Reached Horizons
Best Reached Horizons is the first compilation album by the Brazilian power metal band Angra, released on October 24, 2012, via SPV/Steamhammer. This compilation marks the 20th Anniversary of the band and the idea behind the name's choice is based on the first demo released by Angra in 1992, entitled Reaching Horizons.

Power metal
Power metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music combining characteristics of traditional heavy metal with speed metal, often within a symphonic context. Generally, power metal is characterized by a faster, lighter, and more uplifting sound, in contrast with the heaviness and dissonance prevalent in, for example, extreme metal. Power metal bands usually have anthemic songs with fantasy-based subject matter and strong choruses, thus creating a theatrical, dramatic and emotionally "powerful" sound.

The term was first used in the mid-1980s and refers to two different but related styles: the first largely practiced in North America with a harder sound similar to speed metal; and a later, more widespread and popular style based in Europe with a lighter, more melodic sound and frequent use of keyboards.
Pavel Kutaisov
Count Pavel Ivanovich Kutaisov (Russian:Павел Иванович Кутайсов; 25 November 1780, Saint Petersburg - 9 March 1840, Tambov) — was a Georgian born Russian Imperial Chamberlain and Steward. He also served as Chairman of the Imperial Society for the Encouragement of the Arts and was a member of the State Council.

State Council (Russian Empire)
The State Council (Russian: Госуда́рственный сове́т, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy sovet, IPA: [ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨj sɐˈvʲet]) was the supreme state advisory body to the tsar in the Russian Empire. From 1906, it was the upper house of the parliament under the Russian Constitution of 1906.
Liberhan Commission
The Liberhan Commission (officially Liberhan Ayodhya Commission of Inquiry) was a long-running inquiry commissioned by the Government of India to investigate the destruction of the disputed Babri Masjid in Ayodhya in 1992. Led by retired High Court Judge M. S. Liberhan, it was formed on 16 December 1992 by an order of the Indian Home Union Ministry after the demolition of the Babri Masjid on 6 December and the subsequent riots there. The commission was originally mandated to submit its report within three months. Extensions were given 48 times, and after a delay of 17 years, the one-man commission submitted the report to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on 30 June 2009. In November 2009, a day after a newspaper published the allegedly leaked contents of the report, the report was tabled in Parliament by the Home Minister P. Chidambaram.

Vishva Hindu Parishad
Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP; lit. 'World Council of Hindus') is an Indian right-wing Hindutva organisation. The VHP was founded in 1964 by M. S. Golwalkar and S. S. Apte in collaboration with Swami Chinmayananda. The VHP is a member of the Sangh Parivar, a collection of Hindutva organisations, formed and led by the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing Hindutva paramilitary organisation. The VHP has been criticised for contributing to violence against Muslims in India, most notably for its role in the demolition of the Babri Masjid and the 2002 Gujarat riots.
Tit-Ebya
Tit-Ebya (Russian: Тит-Эбя; Yakut: Тиит-Эбэ, Tiit-Ebe) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Zhemkonsky 1-y Rural Okrug of Khangalassky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) from Pokrovsk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 802.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Stefano Mezzadri
Stefano Mezzadri (born 26 May 1967) is a Swiss former professional tennis player.

Mezzadri appeared in his only Grand Prix circuit singles main draw at Geneva in 1987, with the tournament won by his older brother Claudio, a Davis Cup representative for Switzerland. As a doubles player he was a semi-finalist at Geneva in 1990 and won one ATP Challenger title. He played in qualifiers at the 1987 Wimbledon Championships.

Grand Prix tennis circuit
The ITF Grand Prix Circuit  was a professional tennis tour for male players founded in 1970 as the ILTF Grand Prix Tennis Circuit  it was administered by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and ran annually until 1989 when it and the rival WCT Circuit were replaced by a single world wide ATP Tour.

The women's tour the ILTF Women's International Grand Prix Circuit ran from 1971 to 1976. It's events were absorbed to form the Colgate International Series.
Holland Dream
The Holland Dream was a semi-professional basketball team in the Independent Basketball Association based in Holland, Michigan. The team began as the Holland Blast, and changed its name when the team entered the IBA. The team was last owned by Tom Moore. The Dream played at the Holland Civic Center, former home of Hope College, who moved into the new DeVos Fieldhouse. They were members of the International Basketball League from 2005 to 2011.

DeVos Fieldhouse
DeVos Fieldhouse is a 3,400-seat indoor arena in Holland, Michigan.  It was built in 2005, at a cost of $22 million.  It is home to Hope College's men's and women's basketball teams, the Hope Flying Dutchmen and the Hope Flying Dutch and Hope College's volleyball team.

It is also used for other events.  As a concert venue it can seat up to 4000 for end-stage shows and up to 4600 for center-stage shows; both are capacities of the largest theaters of metropolitan areas of the Grand Rapids area's population size.  It is also used for graduations, conferences and other special events.
Cannon operation
The operation of cannon required specialised crew and gunners, who were first enlisted by the Spanish in the 14th century. The nature of cannon operation often depended on the size of the cannon and whether they were breech-loading or muzzle-loading. English cannons of the late 14th century became mobile, while the largest cannon (such as the heavy siege cannon of the Ottoman Turks or the Jaivana cannon of India) required huge crews to transport and operate them.

As the "giant gun" trend disappeared in Europe, in favour of lighter, more manoeuvrable pieces in larger numbers, cannon operating crews became smaller, heralding the early use of true field artillery. While the medieval Dardanelles Gun had required 200 men just to operate it, an 18th-century English cannon required only a dozen men, including two gunners, while during the Napoleonic Wars five gunners were used.

Osprey Publishing
Osprey Publishing is a British publishing company specializing in military history formerly based in Oxford. Predominantly an illustrated publisher, many of their books contain full-colour artwork plates, maps and photographs, and the company produces over a dozen ongoing series, each focusing on a specific aspect of the history of warfare. Their publications include the Men-at-Arms series, running to over 500 titles, with each book dedicated to a specific historical army or military unit. Osprey is an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing.
Kelsey Teneti
Kelsey Teneti (born 12 May 2003) is a contracted New Zealand rugby sevens and rugby union player. She plays primarily as a centre and represents New Zealand in both the fifteens and sevens formats of the game.

New Zealand women's national rugby union team
The New Zealand women's rugby union team, called the Black Ferns (Māori: Rarauhe Pango [ɾaɾaʉhɛ paŋɔ]), represents New Zealand (excluding Hawke's Bay and North Harbour provinces) in women's international rugby union, which is the country's national sport. The team has won six out of ten Women's Rugby World Cup tournaments.

They have an 82 percent winning record in Test Match rugby, (updated 27 September 2025). Since their official international debut in 1991, the Black Ferns have lost to only five of the sixteen nations they have played against — Canada, England, France, Ireland and the United States. The team performs a haka before every match; this is a Māori challenge or posture dance. Traditionally the Black Ferns use the haka Ko Uhia Mai.
Pulitzer (surname)
Pulitzer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Henry F. Pulitzer (1899–1979), Austrian-born English art dealer

J. Hutton Pulitzer, entrepreneur

Joseph Pulitzer (1847–1911), American newspaper publisher and journalist

Joseph Pulitzer Jr. (1913–1993), American newspaper publisher, grandson of Joseph

Lilly Pulitzer (1931–2013), American socialite and fashion designer

Lisa Pulitzer (born c. 1962), author and journalist

Patsy Pulitzer (1928–2011), American model and socialite, granddaughter of Joseph

Ralph Pulitzer (1879–1939), son of Joseph

Roxanne Pulitzer (born 1951), American socialite, actress, novelist

Patsy Pulitzer
Gladys "Patsy" Pulitzer Preston (May 31, 1928 – October 28, 2011) was an American fashion model, socialite and philanthropist. The granddaughter of newspaper publisher Joseph Pulitzer, founder of the Pulitzer Prize, she grew up in Palm Beach, Florida. In 1961, she appeared in Sports Illustrated as one of the "World's Loveliest Sportswomen", after catching a 1,230-pound (560 kg) black marlin, a then world-record catch for a woman. She modeled and appeared in various magazines. In later life, she was active in women's rights causes, particularly Planned Parenthood.
Laurence Gilliam
Laurence Duval Gilliam, OBE (4 March 1907 – 15 November 1964) was a BBC radio producer.

Gilliam worked with the Gramophone Company, before transferred to the BBC drama department in 1933, where he was responsible for features. At the end of World War II he was appointed OBE for his outstanding programmes.

Gramophone Company
The Gramophone Company Limited was a British phonograph manufacturer and record label, founded in April 1898 by Emil Berliner. It was one of the earliest record labels.

The company purchased the His Master's Voice painting and trademark rights in 1899, using its artwork and creating the His Master's Voice sub-label for its phonographs and releases in 1909, replacing its previous "Recording Angel" trademark. The company had an affiliation with the American Victor Talking Machine Company, who also began using the artwork.

In 1931, The Gramophone Company partnered with the Columbia Graphophone Company to form Electric and Musical Industries Limited (EMI). The Gramophone Company continued as one of EMI's music labels until 1973, when its legal entity was renamed to EMI Records Limited. The His Master's Voice label continued until 1993, when it was replaced by EMI Classics.
WAFC
The abbreviation WAFC can refer to:

In sport:

Waihopai AFC

Waiuku AFC

Waltham Abbey F.C.

Warkworth AFC

Wellington Amateurs F.C.

West Australian Football Commission

Wigan Athletic Football Club

Willington A.F.C.

Winnipeg Alliance FC

Whitchurch Alport F.C.

Witton Albion Football Club

Woolwich Arsenal Football Club, the former name of Arsenal Football Club

Workington A.F.C.

Wrexham A.F.C.

Other uses:

WAFC (AM), a radio station (590 AM) licensed to serve Clewiston, Florida, United States

WJNX-FM, a radio station (106.1 FM) licensed to serve Okeechobee, Florida, which held the call sign WAFC-FM from 2010 to 2019

WLLY-FM, a radio station (99.5 FM) licensed to serve Clewiston, Florida, which held the call sign WAFC-FM from 1984 to 2010

World Area Forecast Center

WLLY-FM
WLLY-FM (99.5 FM, "La Ley 99.5") is an American commercial radio station licensed to Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. Owned by Glades Media Group, It serves the West Palm Beach market, and airs an regional Mexican radio format.

The station's studios and offices are located on South Congress Avenue in Palm Springs, and the transmitter, a distinctive Landmark tower, is located on Hill Avenue in West Palm Beach.
Michel Imbert
Michel Imbert (29 June 1935 – 19 February 2026) was a French neuropsychologist teacher-researcher in cognitive neurosciences, professor emeritus at Pierre-et-Marie-Curie University (from 2003) and honorary director of studies at the École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS).

Collège de France
The Collège de France (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; formerly known as the Collège Royal or as the Collège impérial), founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment (grand établissement) in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The Collège de France has been considered to be France's most prestigious research establishment. It is an associate member of PSL University.

Research and teaching are closely linked at the Collège de France, whose ambition is to teach "the knowledge that is being built up in all fields of literature, science and the arts".