hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cynthia Volkert
Cynthia Ann Volkert (born 1960) is a nanoscientist whose research focuses on the properties of nanoporous materials, particularly metals including gold, other nano-scale metals, and their machining and fabrication using focused ion beams, vapor deposition, and dealloying. Born in the US, and educated in Canada and the US, she works in Germany as professor and director of the Institute for Materials Physics of the University of Göttingen. She is a former president of the German Materials Society and of the Materials Research Society.

Selective leaching
In metallurgy, selective leaching, also called dealloying, demetalification, parting and selective corrosion, is a corrosion type in some solid solution alloys, when in suitable conditions a component of the alloys is preferentially leached from the initially homogenous material. The less noble metal is removed from the alloy by a microscopic-scale galvanic corrosion mechanism. The most susceptible alloys are the ones containing metals with high distance between each other in the galvanic series, e.g. copper and zinc in brass.  The elements most typically undergoing selective removal are zinc, aluminium, iron, cobalt, chromium, and others.
Drury House
Drury House was a historic building on Wych Street, London. It was the house of Sir Robert Drury, after whom Drury Lane was named. It was a meeting place for Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex and his accomplices in 1601, when they were plotting against Elizabeth I.

It was later rebuilt as Craven House.

Robert Drury (speaker)
Sir Robert Drury (c. 1456–1536) was an English knight, Lord of the Manor of Hawstead, Suffolk, and Knight of the Body to Kings Henry VII and Henry VIII. As a politician he was Knight of the Shire for Suffolk, Speaker of the House of Commons (elected 4 October 1495), and Privy Councillor. He was also a barrister-at-law. His London townhouse was on the site of today's Drury Lane.
Limina
Limina (Sicilian: Lìmmina) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) east of Palermo and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Messina in the Peloritani mountains.

Limina borders the following municipalities: Antillo, Casalvecchio Siculo, Forza d'Agrò, Mongiuffi Melia, Roccafiorita.

Forza d'Agrò
Forza d'Agrò is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Messina, Sicily, southern Italy.

Forza d'Agrò is on the lower peak of a small mountain, while on the higher peak that overlooks the town are the remains of a Norman castle.
Marylebone Cricket Club in Bangladesh in 1980–81
The tour started immediately after Christmas and ended in mid-January. Michael Mence, a member of the 1976-77 MCC team, was the captain of the side, which included three former Test players, John Jameson, John Hampshire, and Richard Hutton.

Rafiqul Alam (cricketer)
Rafiqul Alam (Bengali: রফিকুল আলম) (born 4 October 1957) is a Bangladeshi former cricketer who played in two One Day Internationals in the 1986 Asia Cup. In his debut match against Pakistan he scored 14. He followed this with 10 against Sri Lanka.
I milanesi ammazzano al sabato
I milanesi ammazzano al sabato (translation: Milanese Kill on Saturdays) is a 1969 crime novel by the Italian writer Giorgio Scerbanenco. It revolves the disappearance of the beautiful daughter of a truck driver, which leads the investigator to the slums and brothels of Milan. It was the final installment in Scerbanenco's Milan Quartet about the medical doctor and investigator Duca Lamberti.

Giorgio Scerbanenco
Giorgio Scerbanenco (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒordʒo ʃʃerbaˈnɛŋko]; Russian: Владимир Щербаненко, romanized: Vladimir Shcherbanenko; Ukrainian: Володимир Щербаненко, romanized: Volodymyr Shcherbanenko; 18 July  1911 –  27 October 1969) was a Ukrainian-born Italian crime fiction writer.
Lucian Itu
Lucian Itu (born 8 September 1978) is a Romanian footballer and manager who is currently under contract with Metalurgistul Cugir. In his career Itu also played for teams such as Minerul Lupeni or Inter Curtea de Argeș.

Liga III
The Liga 3, most often spelled as Liga III, is the third level of the Romanian football league system. It was founded in 1936 and was called Divizia C until 2006. An exception was the seasons 1992–93 to 1996–97, in which the league was called Divizia B. Its name was changed from Divizia C to Liga III before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Hart 1035 engine
The Hart 1035 is a four-stroke, naturally aspirated, 3.5-litre, V10 racing engine, designed, developed and tuned by Brian Hart of Hart Racing Engines, between 1993 and 1994. It produced 700 hp (520 kW), and was used solely by the Jordan team.

Hart returned to Formula One with an in-house built 3.5 L V10 in 1993, dubbed the 1035, signing a two-year deal with the Jordan team. This culminated in a successful 1994 season, with Rubens Barrichello finishing third at the Pacific Grand Prix and taking the engine company's last F1 pole position at the Belgian Grand Prix.

1994 Belgian Grand Prix
The 1994 Belgian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 28 August 1994 at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, near the village of Francorchamps, Wallonia. It was the eleventh race of the 1994 Formula One World Championship.

The 44-lap race was won by British driver Damon Hill, driving a Williams-Renault. After Brazilian Rubens Barrichello took the first pole position for the Jordan team, German Michael Schumacher crossed the finish line first in his Benetton-Ford, only to be disqualified due to excessive wear on the wooden skid block underneath his car. Hill was thus awarded the win, his third of the season, with Finn Mika Häkkinen second in a McLaren-Peugeot and Schumacher's Dutch teammate Jos Verstappen third.

This was the last time a race-winning driver was disqualified in Formula One until George Russell thirty years later at the same event.
Lungotevere Aventino
Lungotevere Aventino is the part of the lungotevere connecting the ponte Palatino to Piazza dell'Emporio, in Rome, in the rione Ripa.

The Lungotevere corresponds to the slopes of Cermalus, the area of the Palatine Hill under which, according to legend, Romulus and Remus were picked from the waters of the Tiber, after being abandoned in a basket.

Above the Lungotevere are situated two parks, Sant'Alessio and the Parco Savello.

Rioni of Rome
A rione of Rome (Italian: [riˈoːne]; pl.: rioni of Rome) is a traditional administrative division of the city of Rome. Rione is an Italian term used since the 14th century to name a district of a town. The term was born in Rome, originating from the administrative divisions of the city. The word comes from the Latin word regio (pl.: regiones), 'region'; during the Middle Ages the Latin word became rejones, from which rione comes. Currently, all the rioni are located in Municipio I of Rome.
Anarbor
Anarbor is an American rock band from Phoenix which was formed in 2003. The band is composed of lead vocalist/bassist Slade Echeverria and guitarist Danny Stravers. Initially known as "Troop 101", the band changed their name to "Anarbor" later. In April 2008, the band was signed to Hopeless Records while still attending high school in Arizona. Since then, the band has released four EPs and four studio albums.

Artist vs. Poet
Artist vs. Poet was an American pop punk band from Fort Worth, Texas, United States, formed in late 2007 by Jason Dean, Craig Calloway, Jeff Olsen, Patrick Rigden, Joe Kirkland, Joe Westbrook, and Tarcy Thomason. After many changes in the band, Artist vs Poet is made up of Joe Kirkland, on vocals, guitar and keyboards, and Jason Dean, on bass and drums. Kirkland was also a contestant in the third season of the American NBC reality show The Voice.
Péchabou
Péchabou (French pronunciation: [peʃabu]; Occitan: Pujabon) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France, Occitanie. The inhabitants are called the Pechabolites and the Pechabolites.

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.
2015 Ladies Neva Cup – Doubles
Nikola Fraňková and Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova were the defending champions, having won the previous event in 2008, however both players chose not to participate.

Viktorija Golubic and Aliaksandra Sasnovich won the title, defeating Stéphanie Foretz and Ana Vrljić in the final, 6–4, 7–5.

Aliaksandra Sasnovich
Aliaksandra Aliaksandraŭna Sasnovich (born 22 March 1994) is a Belarusian professional tennis player. She achieved her best singles ranking of world No. 29 on 19 September 2022, and peaked at No. 39 in the WTA doubles rankings on 23 August 2021. She has won eleven singles and seven doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. She has reached a major semifinal in doubles, at the 2019 US Open, together with Viktória Hrunčáková (then Kužmová).
Henry Firth
Henry William Firth (1888 – 6 February 1918) was a British conscientious objector during the First World War.  He was a shoemaker and Methodist preacher who objected to serving in the war on account of his faith.  Firth served a term of imprisonment in HM Prison Wormwood Scrubs after refusing to be conscripted into the British Army.  After his release he was arrested and imprisoned a second time at HM Prison Maidstone.  When he fell ill he agreed to carry out alternative war work so that he could leave the prison.

Firth was sent to the conscientious prisoner camp on Dartmoor where he worked in the quarry.  He complained of the cold conditions and displayed symptoms of diabetes but was initially refused treatment.  Firth was eventually admitted to the camp's hospital but died within days.  More than 500 of the conscientious objectors in the camp went on strike because of the treatment of Firth and his case was discussed in the House of Commons.

Conscientious objector
A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of conscience or religion. The term has also been extended to objecting to working for the military–industrial complex due to a crisis of conscience. In some countries, conscientious objectors are assigned to an alternative civilian service as a substitute for conscription or military service.

A number of organizations around the world celebrate the principle on May 15 as International Conscientious Objection Day.

On March 8, 1995, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights resolution 1995/83 stated that "persons performing military service should not be excluded from the right to have conscientious objections to military service". This was re-affirmed on April 22, 1998, when resolution 1998/77 recognized that "persons [already] performing military service may develop conscientious objections".
Guru Shikhar
Guru Shikhar, a peak in the Arbuda Mountains of Sirohi district in Rajasthan, is the highest point of the Aravalli Range, Rajasthan, and Western India. It rises to an elevation of 1,722 metres (5,650 ft). It is 75 km from Sirohi city, the district headquarter and 15 km from Mount Abu and a road from there leads almost to the top of the mountain. It is named Guru-Shikhar or 'the peak of the guru' after Dattatreya, an incarnation of Vishnu, and of a cave at the summit contains a temple dedicated to him, plus one dedicated his mother, Anasuya, wife of sage Atri nearby.

Adjacent to the temple is the Mt Abu Observatory operated by the Physical Research Laboratory. This observatory hosts a 1.2m infrared telescope and also several Astronomy experiments.

Entrance to the small cave temple atop Guru Shikar.

View from the highest point in Mount Abu.

Anasuya
Anasuya (Sanskrit: अनसूया, romanized: Anasūyā, lit. 'free from envy and malice') is an ascetic, and the wife of Sage Atri in Hinduism. She is the daughter of Devahuti and the Prajapati Kardama in Hindu texts. In the Ramayana, she lives with her husband in a small hermitage on the southern border of the Chitrakuta forest. A pious woman who leads an austere life, she is described as having miraculous powers.

Anasuya is the sister of the sage Kapila, who also served as her teacher. She is extolled as Sati Anasuya (Ascetic Anasuya) and Mata Anasuya (Mother Anasuya), the chaste wife of Sage Atri. She becomes the mother of Dattatreya, the sage-avatar of Vishnu, Chandra, a form of Brahma, and Durvasa, the irascible sage avatar of Shiva. When Sita and Rama visit her during their exile, Anasuya is very attentive to them, giving the former an unguent that would maintain her beauty forever.
Endurance Glacier
Endurance Glacier is a broad glacier north of Mount Elder, draining south-east to the south coast of Elephant Island in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica, and is the main discharge glacier on the island. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after HMS Endurance (Captain P.W. Buchanan, Royal Navy), which anchored off the glacier on several occasions in support of the Joint Services Expedition to Elephant Island, 1970–71.

HMS Endurance (1967)
HMS Endurance was a Royal Navy ice patrol vessel that served from 1967 to 1991.
She came to public notice when she was involved in the Falklands War of 1982. The final surrender of the war, in the South Sandwich Islands, took place aboard Endurance.
Aileen Shaw
Aileen Shaw or Nash (born 21 May 1945) is an Australian former figure skater. She won five Australian national titles, from 1958–59 to 1961–62 and 1963–64. At the age of 14 years and 9 months, she competed at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California.

Olympic Valley, California
Olympic Valley (historically and informally known as Squaw Valley) is an unincorporated community located in Placer County, California, United States. It lies northwest of Tahoe City along California State Highway 89 on the banks of the Truckee River near Lake Tahoe. It is home to Palisades Tahoe (formerly Squaw Valley Ski Resort), the site of the 1960 Winter Olympics. Olympic Valley is the smallest resort area to host the Olympic Winter Games.
Zalman Moishe HaYitzchaki
Shneur Zalman Moishe HaYitzchoki, usually known familiarly as Reb Zalman Moishe, (c. 1872-3 Shvat, 1952), was an Orthodox Jewish Chabad-Lubavitch Rabbi in pre-war Europe, and towards the end of his life, in the Land of Israel.  He served as a Mashpia (Hasidic mentor) and shochet. He was a follower of the Rebbe Rashab and the Rebbe Rayatz.

Reb (Yiddish)
Reb (Yiddish: רב, /ˈrɛb/) is a Yiddish or Hebrew honorific traditionally used for Orthodox Jewish men. It is not a rabbinic title.  In writing it is abbreviated as ר׳.  On a gravestone,  ב'ר is an abbreviation for ben/bat reb meaning "son/daughter of the worthy..."  Reb may also be a short form of Rebbe.  It is generally only used for married men, sometimes an equivalent of "Mr."

A never-married man is referred to as Habachur.
Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo)
The Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Portuguese: Igreja de Nossa Senhora dos Milagres) is a Portuguese 16th-century church located in the municipality of Vila do Corvo, on the island of Corvo in the archipelago of the Azores.

Corvo Island
Corvo Island (Portuguese: Ilha do Corvo, pronounced [ˈiʎɐ ðu ˈkoɾvu], lit. 'Island of the Crow') is the smallest and the northernmost island of the Azores archipelago and the northernmost in Macaronesia. It has a population of 435 inhabitants (as of 2023) making it the smallest single municipality in the Azores and in Portugal. The island lies on the North American Plate.
1892 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1892.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.
Mariyammal Balamurugan
Mariyammal Balamurugan (born 14 April 2003) is an Indian professional footballer from Tamil Nadu, who plays as a midfielder for Kickstart in the Indian Women's League and the India women's national football team. She has also played for Sethu FC and East Bengal.

India women's national football team
The India women's national football team represents India in women's international football and is governed by the All India Football Federation. Under the global jurisdiction of FIFA and governed in Asia by the AFC. India is also part of the South Asian Football Federation. The team was one of the best in Asia in the mid-1970s to early 1980s, when they became runners-up in the 1979 and the 1983 AFC Women's Asian Cup. The Indian women's national team is yet to participate in the FIFA Women's World Cup and the Olympic Games.
Separated
Separated can refer to:

Marital separation of spouses
Legal separation of spouses

"Separated" (song), song by Avant

Separated sets, a concept in mathematical topology

Separated space, a synonym for Hausdorff space, a concept in mathematical topology

Separated morphism, a concept in algebraic geometry analogous to that of separated space in topology

Separation of conjoined twins, a procedure that allows them to live independently.

Separation (United States military), status of U.S. military personnel after release from active duty, but still having reserve obligations

Separated (song)
"Separated" is a song by American R&B singer Avant. It was written by Avant and Steve "Stone" Huff for his debut album My Thoughts (2000), while production was helmed by Huff. MCA Records and Magic Johnson Music released the song as the album's lead single in April 2000. "Separated" spent one week atop the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, also peaking at number 23 on the US Billboard Hot 100. A remix version of the song, co-written by Sparkle, features singer Kelly Rowland, formerly of Destiny's Child. A different remix features rapper Foxy Brown.
D. W. Burley
D. W. Burley was an American state legislator in Texas. He served in the Texas House of Representatives. He was in St. Louis during the American Civil War and moved to Texas after it. He was elected in 1870 and only lasted one term.

He was born enslaved. He lived in Calvert, Texas. He represented Robertson County, Leon County, and Freestone County.

Robertson County, Texas
Robertson County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 16,757. Its county seat is Franklin. The county was created in 1837 and organized the following year. It is named for Sterling C. Robertson, an early settler who signed the Texas Declaration of Independence.

Robertson County is in east-central Texas and is part of the College Station-Bryan, TX metropolitan statistical area.
Badminton at the 2018 Asian Games – Men's doubles
The badminton men's doubles tournament at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta took place from 23 to 28 August at Istora Gelora Bung Karno.

The Indonesian duo of Marcus Fernaldi Gideon and Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo won the gold in this tournament.

Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo
Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo (born 2 August 1995) is an Indonesian former badminton player who was ranked world number 1 in the men's doubles by the Badminton World Federation. Considered as one of the best players of his generation, he won the men's doubles titles at the All England Open in 2017 and 2018; the World Superseries Finals in 2017; and the Asian Games in 2018. He was also featured in the Indonesia winning team at the SEA Games in 2015; the Asia Team Championships in 2018 and 2020; and the Thomas Cup in 2020. Together with his then partner Marcus Fernaldi Gideon, they were awarded the BWF Best Male Players of the Year for two consecutive years after collecting seven Superseries titles in 2017 and eight World Tour titles in 2018.

Sukamuljo and Gideon are often referred to as "the Minions" because of their below average height as well as their fast and agile playing style, jumping and bouncing just like the Minions in the film Despicable Me.
24 Hours to Live
24 Hours to Live is a 2017 science fiction action thriller film directed by Brian Smrz and starring Ethan Hawke, Xu Qing, Paul Anderson, Liam Cunningham, and Rutger Hauer. It follows a career assassin who goes on a rampage to exact revenge and find redemption after he is mortally wounded and brought back to life for 24 hours using a newly developed technology. The film premiered at the Austin Film Festival on October 26, 2017, and was released on VOD and in select theaters on December 1, 2017.

Austin Film Festival
Austin Film Festival (AFF), founded in 1994, is an organization in Austin, Texas, that focuses on writers' creative contributions to film. Initially, AFF was called the Austin Heart of Film Screenwriters Conference and functioned to launch the careers of screenwriters, who historically have been underrepresented within the film industry.

AFF is known for its annual October Austin Film Festival & Conference, which is an Oscar-qualifying film festival. The Conference was the first event of its kind, bringing professional and amateur screenwriters together to celebrate the role of screenplays in filmmaking and host conversations focusing on craft and on particular films and television series. In addition, the Screenplay Competition receives more entries than any other competition in the world.  Several competition finalists and semi-finalists have made sales or found managers and agents at the conference.
A525 road
The A525 is a major route from Rhyl in Wales to Newcastle-under-Lyme in England. The route passes near Denbigh, through Ruthin, through Wrexham and near Whitchurch.

The route is a dual carriageway just south of Rhyl. As of 10 March, 2010, the section between Wrexham and Whitchurch is not classified as a primary route, and the section between Burleydam, (to the East of Whitchurch where it is a "TOTSO" with the A530 to Nantwich) and Newcastle (via Audlem) is also now a non-primary A road.

In total, the A525 is 73 miles (117 km) in length.

Glossary of road transport terms
Terminology related to road transport—the transport of passengers or goods on paved (or otherwise improved) routes between places—is diverse, with variation between dialects of English. There may also be regional differences within a single country, and some terms differ based on the side of the road traffic drives on. This glossary is an alphabetical listing of road transport terms.