hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flute sonata in G major (HWV 363b)
The Flute sonata in G major (HWV 363b) was composed (c. 1711–16) by George Frideric Handel in F major for the oboe, and was transposed by an unknown hand to G major, for flute and basso continuo. The work is also referred to as Opus 1 No. 5, as it was first published in 1726 or slightly later by the London publisher Walsh, in an edition falsely attributed to Jeanne Roger of Amsterdam. Other catalogues of Handel's music have referred to the work as HG xxvii, 19; and HHA iv/3,28. The sonata was originally composed as an oboe sonata in F major (HWV 363a).

Both of the Walsh editions and the Chrysander edition (based on Walsh) indicate that the work is for flute ("traversiere" or "traverso"), and published it as Sonata V.

A typical performance of the work takes about seven and a half minutes.

Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis
The Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (abbreviated as HWV) is the Catalogue of Handel's Works. It was published in three volumes (in German) by Bernd Baselt between 1978 and 1986, and lists every piece of music known to have been written by George Frideric Handel. The catalogue also includes the first few bars of each piece and large amounts of factual information including manuscript sources, early prints, photographs, spurious works, etc. The catalogue does not include the full scores of Handel's works (for the full scores, see Händel-Gesellschaft and Hallische Händel-Ausgabe).
Anazapta
Anazapta is a 2002 British mystery thriller film directed by Alberto Sciamma and starring Jason Flemyng, Lena Headey, Christopher Fairbank, Ian McNeice, Jeff Nuttall. In the US the film was released as Black Plague.

Jon Finch
John Nicholas Finch (2 March 1942 – c. 28 December 2012) was an English stage and film actor who became well known for his Shakespearean roles. Most notably, he starred in films for directors Roman Polanski (Macbeth, 1971) and Alfred Hitchcock (Frenzy, 1972).
GDP-4-dehydro-D-rhamnose reductase
In enzymology, a GDP-4-dehydro-D-rhamnose reductase (EC 1.1.1.187) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

GDP-6-deoxy-D-mannose + NAD(P)+  GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose + NAD(P)H + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are GDP-6-deoxy-D-mannose, NAD+, and NADP+, whereas its 4 products are GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose, NADH, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is GDP-6-deoxy-D-mannose:NAD(P)+ 4-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include GDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose reductase, GDP-4-keto-D-rhamnose reductase, and guanosine diphosphate-4-keto-D-rhamnose reductase. This enzyme participates in fructose and mannose metabolism.

Fructose
Fructose (/ˈfrʌktoʊs, -oʊz/), or fruit sugar, is a common monosaccharide, i.e. a simple sugar. It is classified as a reducing hexose, more specifically a ketonic simple sugar found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose. A white, water-soluble solid, it is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose.
Fructose is found in honey, tree and vine fruits, flowers, berries, and most root vegetables.
Makat
47°39′00″N 53°19′00″E﻿ / ﻿47.65000°N 53.31667°E﻿ / 47.65000; 53.31667

Makat (Kazakh: Мақат, romanized: Maqat, pronounced [mɑq(χ)ɑ́t]; Russian: Макат) is a town in Atyrau Region, Kazakhstan. It lies at an altitude of 22 m (72 ft) below sea level. It has a population of 14,082.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
2014 San Diego elections
Municipal elections were held in San Diego in 2014 for city council and propositions. The primary election was held on June 3, 2014, and the general election was held on November 4, 2014. Four of the nine seats of the San Diego City Council were contested. Two city council incumbents ran for re-election in their same district and one ran for election in a new district due to redistricting.

Municipal elections in California are officially non-partisan, although most members do identify a party preference. A two-round system was used for the election, starting with a primary in June followed by a runoff in November between the top-two candidates if no candidate received a majority of the votes in the first round.

Ed Harris (politician)
Edward Brian Harris (born c. 1965) is an American politician, lifeguard, and union leader from San Diego, California. He was a member of the San Diego City Council representing City Council District 2, which includes the communities of Pacific Beach, Mission Beach, Ocean Beach, Point Loma, Bay Ho, Bay Park, Morena, and Midway. He was appointed to the City Council on April 7, 2014.
NDrive
NDrive is a Portuguese company of global automotive navigation systems for mobile phones and tablets. The company was founded in 2001 and is headquartered in Porto, Portugal. It became one of the first companies to offer navigation for Android and iPhone and the first GPS navigation for Bada and WebOS.

Automotive navigation system
An automotive navigation system is part of the automobile controls or a third party add-on used to find direction in an automobile. It typically uses a satellite navigation device to get its position data which is then correlated to a position on a road. When directions are needed routing can be calculated. On the fly traffic information (road closures, congestion) can be used to adjust the route.

Dead reckoning using distance data from sensors attached to the drivetrain, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer can be used for greater reliability, as GNSS signal loss and/or multipath can occur due to urban canyons or tunnels.

Mathematically, automotive navigation is based on the shortest path problem, within graph theory, which examines how to identify the path that best meets some criteria (shortest, cheapest, fastest, etc.) between two points in a large network.

Automotive navigation systems are crucial for the development of self-driving cars.
Sunflower Dead
Sunflower Dead is an American rock band from California featuring Jamie Teissere of Droid, Michael Del Pizzo, Rob Cisneros of Terror Universal, touring percussionist Jimmy Schultz and Jaboo of Two Hit Creeper. The self-titled album from the band was ranked Album of the Week by Revolver Magazine.

Droid (band)
Droid (sometimes typeset as -D-R-O-I-D- or DROID as to fit their official logo) was an American groove metal band from Long Beach, California, formerly signed to Korn member James "Munky" Shaffer's record label Emotional Syphon Records.
2000 Torneo Godó – Doubles
Paul Haarhuis and Yevgeny Kafelnikov were the defending champions, but Kafelnikov chose to not compete this year in order to focus on the singles tournament.

Haarhuis teamed up with Sandon Stolle and ended the tournament as runners-up, being defeated by Nicklas Kulti and Mikael Tillström 6–2, 6–7(2–7), 7–6(7–5) in the final.

Sandon Stolle
Sandon Stolle (born 13 July 1970) is a former professional male tennis player and who was at one time ranked No. 2 in world doubles.

Sandon, the son of Australian tennis champion Fred Stolle, was born in Sydney and now lives in Aventura, Florida, United States.

Stolle won twenty-two ATP doubles titles, including one Grand Slam title (1998 U.S. Open) and reached four Grand Slam finals.
Banten Sundanese
Banten Sundanese or Bantenese (Basa Sunda Banten or Basa Wewengkon Banten) is one of the Sundanese dialects spoken predominantly by the Bantenese — an indigenous ethnic group native to Banten — in the westernmost region of the island of Java, and in the western Bogor Regency (especially in Greater Jasinga, covering the districts of Jasinga, Cigudeg, Tenjo, Nanggung, Parung Panjang, and Sukajaya; known as Jasinga Sundanese), as well as the northwestern part of Sukabumi Regency. A variety of Bantenese is spoken by the Ciptagelar people in the Kasepuhan Ciptagelar traditional community in Cisolok district and the Kasepuhan Banten Kidul traditional community in Lebak Regency.

The regional government of Banten is currently making a significant approach to preserve this dialect through a news program entitled Beja ti Lembur, which was aired by the regional CTV Banten network in Bantenese.

Parung Panjang
Parung Panjang is a town (classed as desa) and an administrative district  (Indonesian: kecamatan) in the Bogor Regency of West Java Province, Indonesia (Parung Panjang District is not to be confused with Parung District in the same regency), and is thus part of Jakarta's metropolitan area.

Parung Panjang District covers an area of 64.65 km2, and had a population of 110,004 at the 2010 Census and 118,176 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 133,013 (comprising 68,467 males and 64,546 females). The administrative centre is at the town of Parung Panjang, and the district is sub-divided into eleven villages (desa), all sharing the postcode of 16360, as listed below with their areas and populations as at mid 2024.
Kevin Fouser
Kevin Fouser is an American retired soccer forward who spent two seasons in the American Soccer League and at least one in the SISL.

In 1980, Fouser played for the United States U-20 men's national soccer team which qualified for the 
1981 FIFA World Youth Championship.  In 1982, he played for the Georgia Generals in the American Soccer League.  In 1983, he played for the Carolina Lightnin'. In 1985, he played for the amateur Norell Services of Atlanta when that team went to the 1985 U.S. Open Cup Round of Sixteen.  In 1990, he played for the Georgia Steamers of the Sunbelt Independent Soccer League.

Georgia Generals
Georgia Generals were a professional soccer team in the United States. They played for one season (1982) in the ASL. They were formed when the Cleveland Cobras franchise moved to Atlanta, Georgia. Their owner was Walt Russell. They played their games at DeKalb Memorial Stadium in Clarkston.
Maryuu Senki
Maryuu Senki (Japanese: 魔龍戦紀, Hepburn: Maryū Senki), also known as Evil Dragon War Chronicles, is a Japanese OVA series which combines elements from Japanese folklore with dark fantasy. Produced by Bandai Visual and animated by AIC, it was released between 1987 and 1989 for three episodes. It was adapted into an unfinished manga series in 1991.

Azure Dragon
The Azure Dragon (simplified Chinese: 青龙; traditional Chinese: 青龍; pinyin: Qīnglóng) is one of the Dragon Gods who represent the mounts or chthonic forces of the Five Regions' Highest Deities (五方上帝; Wǔfāng Shàngdì). It is also one of the Four Symbols of the Chinese constellations, which are the astral representations of the Wufang Shangdi. The Azure Dragon represents the east and the spring season. It is also sometimes referred to as the Blue-Green Dragon, Green Dragon, or the Blue Dragon (苍龙; 蒼龍; Cānglóng).

The Dragon is frequently referred to in the media, feng shui, other cultures, and in various venues as the Green Dragon and the Avalon Dragon. His cardinal direction's epithet is "Blue-Green Dragon of the East" (东方青龙; 東方青龍; Dōngfāng Qīnglóng or 东方苍龙; 東方蒼龍; Dōngfāng Cānglóng).

This dragon is also known as Seiryū in Japanese, Cheongryong in Korean and Thanh Long in Vietnamese.
Sunny Varkey
Sunny Varkey (born 9 April 1957) is an Indian education entrepreneur and philanthropist based in Dubai. He is the founder and executive chairman of the global advisory and educational management firm GEMS Education, which is the largest operator of private kindergarten-to-grade-12 schools in the world, with a network of over 80 schools in over a dozen countries.

He is also the chairman of the umbrella business organisation the Varkey Group, and the founder and trustee of the philanthropic Varkey Foundation. As of 2012, Varkey is also a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador. And in June 2015, Varkey committed to The Giving Pledge, vowing to donate at least half of his money to philanthropic causes over his lifetime. He is the first education entrepreneur to join the pledge.

According to Forbes, Varkey is one of India's richest billionaires with a net worth of $3.5 billion.

The Giving Pledge
The Giving Pledge is a charitable campaign, founded by Bill Gates, Melinda French Gates, and Warren Buffett, to encourage wealthy people to contribute a majority (i.e. more than 50%) of their wealth to philanthropic causes. As of October 2025, the pledge has more than 250 signatories from 30 countries. Most of the signatories of the pledge are billionaires, at a total of US$600 billion.
AMD LANCE Am7990
The Am7990 is an Ethernet media access controller (MAC) controller  introduced in 1985. LANCE, short for "local area network controller for Ethernet", is also the brand name for follow-up versions of the chip. Its architecture is the basis for AMD's PCnet family of highly integrated single-chip Ethernet controllers, which succeeded the LANCE family. The one exception is the Am79C940 MAC.
The Am7990 chip was fabricated in NMOS technology and has no integrated Manchester encoder/decoder (ENDEC) nor does it have an integrated 10BASE-T transceiver.

Device driver
A device driver is software that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling other software to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware.

A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device (drives it). Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program.

Drivers are hardware-dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface.
Party lists for the 2024 South African election
This article displays the various political parties' party candidate lists for the 2024 South African general election.

The National Assembly of South Africa is elected every five years by party-list proportional representation using closed lists.

The lists were first published on 26 March 2024, with the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) allowing objections to be lodged, pending a final decision on 28 March 2024. In lists available on 27 March 2024, it was noticed that five parties had been removed, without notice from the IEC; Africa Restoration Alliance, All Game Changers, Arise South Africa, Bolsheviks Party of South Africa and Defenders of the People.

Incumbent Members of Parliament standing for re-election are highlighted in bold.

Patricia Kopane
Semakaleng Patricia Kopane (born 23 July 1966) is a South African politician. She is the current provincial chairperson of ActionSA in the Free State.

A former member of the Democratic Alliance, she served as a Member of the National Assembly from May 2009 until her resignation from the DA in August 2022. She was the Leader of the Democratic Alliance in the Free State province from 2012 to 2020. Kopane was previously Shadow Minister of Public Works and Infrastructure, Shadow Minister of Health, Shadow Minister of Public Works and Shadow Minister of Social Development. She was the Democratic Alliance's Free State Premier candidate for the 2019 election.
Circular Campaign
The Circular Campaign (Spanish: la campaña circular) was a guerilla campaign carried out by general Máximo Gómez in the area of Puerto del Príncipe (now Camagüey Province), Cuba, during the Cuban War of Independence, in May–August 1895. It was named so because the strategy of Gómez was to constantly circle around the province in hit-and-run attacks.

Gómez started his operations at about the same time as the First Eastern Campaign of Antonio Maceo, with only 25 men,  but on June 5 about 200 men from Las Tunas joined him. His largest success was burning Altagracia, which was left undefended. Later he took over small garrisons of El Mulato (June 18) and San Gerónimo (June 25).

The successes of both Circular and First Eastern campaigns allowed the rebels to amass several thousand men mid-1895. However, their major problem was lack of materiel, while they could requisition enough horses.

Máximo Gómez
Máximo Gómez y Báez (November 18, 1836 – June 17, 1905) was a Dominican-Cuban general. After first getting military experience while fighting for his motherland in the Dominican War of Independence, he later fought against his former compatriots alongside Spanish forces in the Dominican Restoration War. Following defeat in the latter conflict, he sought political refuge in Cuba, where he led Cuban rebels in both the Ten Years' War and the Cuban War of Independence from 1868 to 1898. He was known for his controversial scorched earth tactics, which entailed dynamiting passenger trains and torching the Spanish loyalist properties and sugar plantations. By the time the Spanish–American War broke out in April 1898, he refused to join forces with the Spanish in fighting off the United States. Despite his change of loyalty to the Spanish during his early years, he is still considered a war hero in both his native Dominican Republic and in Cuba.
Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service
The Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (Korean: 건강보험심사평가원) - HIRA in short - is a government agency under Ministry of Health and Welfare responsible for claims review and quality assessment of the National Health Insurance. Since its foundation, its role has expanded as it has become a specialised agency with delegated powers related to health insurance and healthcare from the Ministry. Its head with fixed 3 year term is nominated by the Minister upon the recommendations from nomination committee and appointed by the President.

It has its headquarters in Wonju and 10 branch offices across the nation.

National health insurance
National health insurance (NHI), sometimes called statutory health insurance (SHI), is a system of health insurance that insures a national population against the costs of health care. It may be administered by the public sector, the private sector, or a combination of both. Funding mechanisms vary with the particular program and country. National or statutory health insurance does not equate to government-run or government-financed health care, but is usually established by national legislation. In some countries, such as Australia's Medicare system, the UK's National Health Service and South Korea's National Health Insurance Service, contributions to the system are made via general taxation and therefore are not optional even though use of the health system it finances is. In practice, most people paying for NHI will join it. Where an NHI involves a choice of multiple insurance funds, the rates of contributions may vary and the person has to choose which insurance fund to belong to.
Ben Reiges
Bennie John Reiges (March 4, 1920 – October 22, 2020) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Arizona State Teachers College at Flagstaff—now known as Northern Arizona University—in 1950, compiling a record of 2–7.  Reiges played college football as a quarterback at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) during the 1946 and 1947 seasons. He was selected by the Los Angeles Rams in the 1947 NFL draft. He died in October 2020 at the age of 100.

1947 NFL draft
The 1947 NFL draft was held on December 16, 1946, at the Commodore Hotel in New York City, New York.

The National Football League in this draft made the first overall pick, a bonus pick determined by lottery. The Chicago Bears won the first lottery, and used the pick to select halfback Bob Fenimore. This lottery process ended in 1958.

This draft was the last time the Bears had the first overall pick in a draft until 2024.
III District, Turku
The III District is one of the central districts of Turku, Finland. It is located on the east side of the river Aura, between Kaskenkatu and Martinkatu. The district is largely composed of the Samppalinna sports park, and includes sporting venues such as the Paavo Nurmi Stadion as well as cultural sites such as the city theatre and the Wäinö Aaltonen Museum of Art.

Apart from the areas set aside for parks, the district is rather densely populated, and has a population of  168 485 (as of 2019) Turku Archived 2020-11-26 at the Wayback Machine an annual population growth rate of -2.58%. 5.00% of the district's population are under 15 years old, while 28.58% are over 65. The district's linguistic makeup is 87.18% Finnish, 11.17% Swedish, and 1.64% other.

Aurajoki
Aurajoki ([ˈɑu̯rɑˌjoki]; Swedish Aura å) is a river in south-western Finland. It originates in Oripää, and flows through Pöytyä, Aura, Lieto, and ultimately the city of Turku before discharging into the Archipelago Sea. The total length of the river is about 70 kilometres (43 mi), and it contains eleven rapids, the biggest of which is Nautelankoski at Lieto. The reserve tap water for Turku Region is drawn from Aurajoki, the city's secondary waterworks being situated by the Halinen rapids.

The waters of the Aurajoki are brown. Situated in an agricultural zone, the river is made turbid by surface runoff from nearby farms with eutrophication as the biggest threat. Its condition has been improving since the 1970s and Aurajoki is now clean enough to support salmon.

The banks of the river have been inhabited for at least 6,000 years. The area is notable for the cultural heritage in Finland. The archdiocese of Finland has been situated near the river since the thirteenth century.
Gelsenkirchen-Buer Nord–Marl Lippe railway
The Gelsenkirchen-Buer Nord–Marl Lippe railway is an approximately 17 kilometre-long, electrified and predominantly single-track main line railway in the north of the Ruhr district of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It connects Gelsenkirchen-Buer Nord station on the Oberhausen-Osterfeld Süd–Hamm railway (Oberhausen-Osterfeld – Hamm (Westf) marshalling yard) with Marl Lippe junction on the Wanne-Eickel–Hamburg railway (Wanne-Eickel Hbf – Hamburg Hbf). The route is included in the list lines showing local speeds under the VzG route number of 2252. As the railway was planned by the Ruhr coal district association as traffic axis (Verkehrsband) No. 9, it is also colloquially called V9.

Bottrop Hauptbahnhof
Bottrop Hauptbahnof is a railway station in Bottrop, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the Oberhausen-Osterfeld Süd – Hamm railway and Essen–Bottrop railway and is served by RE and S-Bahn services operated by DB and NordWestBahn.
Kobzarivka
Kobzarivka (Ukrainian: Кобзарівка) is a village in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It was formerly known as Zaruddia. Kobzarivka belongs to Ternopil urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Oblasts of Ukraine
An oblast (Ukrainian: область, romanized: oblast, pronounced [ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ] ⓘ; pl. області, oblasti), sometimes translated as region or province, is the main type of first-level administrative division of Ukraine. The country's territory is divided into 24 oblasts, as well as one autonomous republic and two cities with special status.

As Ukraine is a unitary state, oblasts do not have much legal scope of competence other than that which is established in the Ukrainian Constitution and devolved by law. Articles 140–146 of Chapter XI of the constitution deal directly with local authorities and their competence.

Oblasts are divided into raions, with each oblast having between three and eight raions following the July 2020 reform.