hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Igor Torgov
Igor Vladimirovich Torgov (Russian: Игорь Владимирович Торгов) (15 February (O.S. 2 February) 1912, Kazan - 2007) was a Soviet chemist and a corresponding member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1972).

Ivan Torgov graduated from Kazan Institute of Chemical Engineering in 1937 and then worked at a factory lab until 1939. In 1939-1959, he was employed at the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. In 1959, Ivan Torgov was appointed head of steroid chemistry lab at the Institute of Natural Compounds Chemistry of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (today's Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry). Ivan Torgov's principal works are dedicated to the chemistry of natural compounds, mainly steroids. The Torgov reaction opened an original pathway for the total chemical synthesis of steroid hormones.

Ivan Torgov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour and numerous medals.

Steroid hormone
A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone. Steroid hormones can be grouped into two classes: corticosteroids (typically made in the adrenal cortex, hence cortico-) and sex steroids (typically made in the gonads or placenta). Within those two classes are five types according to the receptors to which they bind: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids (both corticosteroids) and androgens, estrogens, and progestogens (sex steroids). Vitamin D derivatives are a sixth closely related hormone system with homologous receptors. They have some of the characteristics of true steroids as receptor ligands.

Steroid hormones help control metabolism, inflammation, immune functions, salt and water balance, development of sexual characteristics, and the ability to withstand injury and illness. The term steroid describes both hormones produced by the body and artificially produced medications that duplicate the action for the naturally occurring steroids.
Chromis crusma
Chromis crusma, the Valparaiso chromis, is a species of damselfish belonging to the genus Chromis. It can be found in the South-Eastern Pacific Ocean, from Cabo Blanco, Peru to Talcahuano, Chile. It is oviparous, and the males of the species guard and aerate the eggs.

Damselfish
Damselfish are fish within the subfamilies Abudefdufinae, Chrominae, Lepidozyginae, Pomacentrinae, and Stegastinae within the family Pomacentridae.

Most species within this group are relatively small, although the four largest species (Hypsypops rubicundus, Microspathodon bairdii, M. dorsalis and Nexilosus latifrons) can reach 30cm (12 in) in length. Most damselfish species exist only in marine environments, but a few inhabit brackish or fresh water. These fish are found globally in tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters.
Carla Lavatelli
Carla Lavatelli (August 21, 1928 – January 18, 2006) was an Italian-American artist whose career spanned five decades, from the 1950s into the early 2000s. Her work is in the permanent collections of several major museums, including the San Francisco Museum of Art, the Phillips Collection in Washington, D.C., the Hakone Open-Air Museum in Japan, and the Cantor Arts Center at Stanford University. She was noted primarily for her abstract sculptures in stone and bronze, which appeared in reproduction in such publications as Arts Magazine, Art in America, and Artforum  during the late 1960s and early 1970s.

Cantor Arts Center
Cantor Arts Center (officially Iris and B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts at Stanford University, previously the Stanford University Museum of Art) is an art museum on the campus of Stanford University in Stanford, California, United States.

The museum first opened in 1894 and consists of over 130,000 sq ft (12,000 m2) of exhibition space, including sculpture gardens. The Cantor Arts Center houses the largest collection of sculptures by Auguste Rodin outside of Paris and the Soumaya Museum in Mexico City, with 199 works, most in bronze but others in different media. In 2024, the Cantor was ranked by the Washington Post as one of the five best college art museums in the U.S.
The museum is open to the public and charges no admission.
Roy Reinard
Roy Reinard  is a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.

He is a 1973 graduate of Council Rock High School in Newtown, Pennsylvania. He earned a degree from West Chester University in 1977. Prior to elective office, he worked in the insurance industry. He was first elected to represent the 178th legislative district in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1982. He retired prior to the 2002 elections.  He currently serves in the Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency.

Newtown, Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Newtown is a borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,268 at the 2020 census. It is located just west of the Trenton, New Jersey metropolitan area, and is part of the larger Philadelphia metropolitan area. It is entirely surrounded by Newtown Township, from which it separated in 1838. State Street is the main commercial thoroughfare with wide sidewalks, shops, taverns, and restaurants.
Jim Coe
James Neil Coe (born 21 May 1964) is a New Zealand former professional rugby union player.

A Glenbrook steel worker, Coe was a New Zealand Colts representative in 1985 and had a long career as a Counties Manukau lock, making 179 provincial appearances from 1986 to 1999. He was a regular with New Zealand Maori during the 1990s and played the 1997 Super 12 season with the Auckland Blues. The closest he came to All Blacks honours was in 1992, when he was a reserve in the national squad.

Coe was named in 2000 as the NPC's "greatest legend" for the competition's first 25 years by a panel of 50 journalists, with the award open to anyone who hadn't appeared in more than five Test matches with the All Blacks.

Counties Manukau Rugby Football Union
The Counties Manukau Rugby Football Union (CMRFU) is the governing body of rugby union in Southern Auckland and the Franklin district of New Zealand. Nicknamed the Steelers, their colours are red, white, and black horizontal bands. The Steelers moniker is a reference to the Glenbrook steel factory, which is in the area. The union is based in Pukekohe, and plays at Navigation Homes Stadium.
Ahmed Hatem (actor)
Ahmed Hatem (born 25 December 1987) is an Egyptian actor.

He was born in the Dokki district of Giza, Egypt. He made his acting debut in the 2006 film Leisure Time.

He was part of the Egyptian swimming team that earned the Guinness World Record for the fastest 100 x 50 m relay in 2021.

Hatem, Summer Shesha, Marwan Hamed, Tara Emad, and Menna Shalabi were featured on the Vogue Arabia cover for April 2024.

Vogue Arabia
Vogue Arabia / Vogue العربية (stylised in all caps) is the Arabian-edition of the American fashion magazine Vogue. The magazine has been in operation since 2017. Based in the United Arab Emirates, the magazine is distributed across the Middle East.
Concordat of the Forty Articles
The Concordat of the Forty Articles (Portuguese: Concordata dos Quarenta Artigos) was an agreement reached in 1289 between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Holy See. Signed by King Denis and Pope Nicholas IV, it ended a conflict between the Portuguese monarchy and the Papacy that had begun in 1267 under Denis's father, Afonso III. The dispute had led to the excommunication of both kings.

Pope Nicholas IV
Pope Nicholas IV (Latin: Nicolaus IV; born Girolamo Masci; 30 September 1227 – 4 April 1292) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 February 1288 to his death, on 4 April 1292. He was the first Franciscan to be elected pope.
Alfred Hall-Davis
Sir Alfred George Fletcher Hall-Davis (21 June 1924 – 20 November 1979) was a British Conservative Party politician.

Hall-Davis was educated at Terra Nova School, Birkdale and Clifton College, Bristol. He was a director of a brewery, hotel and other companies and served on the Conservative Party executive.

Hall-Davis contested St Helens in 1950 and Chorley in 1951 and 1955.
He was Member of Parliament for Morecambe and Lonsdale from 1964 until 1979, preceding Mark Lennox-Boyd. From 1973 to 1974, he was an assistant government whip. He was knighted in the 1979 Birthday Honours.

Hall-Davis died at the age of 55, six months after leaving the House of Commons.

Chorley (UK Parliament constituency)
Chorley is a constituency in Lancashire represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 1997 by Sir Lindsay Hoyle. Hoyle was originally elected for the Labour Party, but in 2019 became the Speaker, making him unaffiliated.
Francisco Orrego
Francisco Javier Orrego Gutiérrez (born 6 October 1986), commonly known as Pancho Orrego, is a Chilean lawyer, politician, pundit and television personality.

He has gained notoriety in the media, particularly on the debate show Sin filtros, characterized by his direct confrontational style. Carlos Larraín is often referred to as his 'godfather' in Renovación Nacional (RN), political party where Orrego is a member.

He is also a recognized defender of the individual capitalization system (AFP) and has defined himself as an anticommunist and follower of Jaime Guzmán. He is also an alumnus of the think tank, Fundación para el Progreso, where he has been a lecturer.

Fundación para el Progreso
The Fundación para el Progreso ("Foundation for Progress", FPP) is a Chilean think tank founded in 2012. It focuses on promoting ideas related to classical liberalism. Axel Kaiser serves as the chairman of its board of directors

FPP has offices in Santiago, Valparaíso, Concepción, and Valdivia.

According to some pundits, the think tank increased its influence after the re-election of Sebastián Piñera to the Chilean presidency in 2018. The FPP defended the continuity of the government in the midst of the 2019−2021 social crisis in the country.
HHU
HHU refer to:

Heinrich Heine University in Düsseldorf, Germany

History Hub Ulster, archivists, research group, Northern Ireland

Hohai University in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

Huaihua University in Huaihua, Hunan, China

Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (abbr. HHU; German: Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf), named after German poet Heinrich Heine, is a public university in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, which was founded in 1965. It is the successor organization to Düsseldorf's Medical Academy of 1907.

Following several expansions throughout the decades, the university has comprised five faculties since 1993. Currently, more than 36,000 full-time students are studying at HHU and a total staff of approximately 3,600 people (academic and non-academic).
True Brew (EP)
True Brew is an EP by Swedish punk rock band Millencolin, released on 26 February 2016 by De Nihil Records on 12" vinyl, as well as digitally by Epitaph Records. The song "True Brew" was originally featured on Millencolin's eighth studio album, True Brew, which was released in April 2015 via Epitaph. "True Brew is one of our absolute favorite tracks off the album and if you haven't heard the album yet this is a great way to get what the album's about", explained drummer Fredrik Larzon. "This song also sums up exactly what our band is about in the lyrics and to spice it up even more we decided to also do the alternative version in Swedish which turned out great."

Millencolin
Millencolin is a Swedish punk rock band that was formed on 12 October 1992 by Nikola Šarčević, Mathias Färm, and Erik Ohlsson in Örebro, Sweden. In early 1993, drummer Fredrik Larzon joined the band. The name Millencolin is derived from the skateboard trick "melancholy".
Gyejoksan (Gangwon)
Gyejoksan (Korean: 계족산) is a mountain in Yeongwol County, Gangwon Province, South Korea. It has an elevation of 889.6 m (2,919 ft). This mountain has the Red Clay Trail, an eco-healing walking path that is located atop the first mountain in the country with a barefoot walking theme.

Yeongwol County
Yeongwol County (Korean: 영월군; RR: Yeongwol-gun) is a county in the South Korean state of Gangwon.

In South Korea, it is known as the place where King Danjong, the sixth king of the Joseon Dynasty, was exiled when he was forced to abdicate by his uncle, who became Sejo of Joseon. It is also where Danjong was buried after he was murdered in 1457, following the attempts by six martyred ministers to restore him to power, after he was perceived to be a continuing threat to the rule of his uncle. It is also where the Joseon Dynasty poet Kim Sat-gat was buried.
Tess Ledeux
Tess Ledeux (born 23 November 2001) is a French freestyle skier who competes internationally.

She competed for France at the FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2017 in Sierra Nevada, Spain, where she won a gold medal in slopestyle. She participated at the FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2019, winning a medal.

She has earned four gold medals at the Winter X Games: three in big air and one in slopestyle. At the 2022 X Games, she won two gold medals, in slopestyle and big air, becoming the first woman to land a double cork 1620 in competition.

Ledeux represented France at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Peking, China, winning a silver medal in the women's big air.

In March 2025, during one of the World Cup competitions, Ledeux crashed and suffered a concussion. She did not fully recover and had to miss the whole 2025-26 season including the Winter Olympics.

Slopestyle
Slopestyle is a winter sport in which athletes ski or snowboard down a course including a variety of obstacles including rails, jumps and other terrain park features. Points are scored for amplitude, originality and quality of tricks. The discipline has its roots in action sports like skateboarding and BMX and has very successfully crossed over into the snow sports worlds of skiing and snowboarding. Skiers use twin-tip skis for their symmetry since they often go large portions of the course backward (referred to as "switch") and for their balanced weight so as to not destabilize spins. Slopestyle tricks fall mainly into four categories: spins, grinds, grabs and flips, and most tricks done in competition are a combination of these.

Slopestyle is one of the freestyle disciplines, along with moguls, aerials, cross, big air and half-pipe.
2024 Abierto Tampico
The 2024 Abierto Tampico was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and a 2024 WTA 125 tournament. It took place at the Centro Libanés Mexicano de Tampico in Tampico, Mexico, between 21 and 26 October 2024.

Tampico
Tampico is a city and port in the southeastern part of the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. It is located on the north bank of the Pánuco River, about 10 kilometers (6 mi) inland from the Gulf of Mexico, and directly north of the state of Veracruz. Tampico is the fifth-largest city in Tamaulipas, with a population of 314,418 in the city proper and 929,174 in the metropolitan area.

During the period of Mexico's first oil boom in the early 20th century, the city was the "chief oil-exporting port of the Americas" and the second-busiest in the world, yielding great profits that were invested in the city's famous architecture, often compared to that of Venice and New Orleans. The first oil well in Mexico was drilled near Tampico in 1901 at Ébano.

The city is also a major exporter of silver, copper, and lumber, as well as wool, hemp, and other agricultural products. Containerized cargo is mainly handled by the neighboring ocean port of Altamira.
Bolshoye Maltsevo
Bolshoye Maltsevo (Russian: Большое Мальцево) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Besedinsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  65 (2010 Census); 90 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
The Hunchback and the Dancer
The Hunchback and the Dancer (German: Der Bucklige und die Tänzerin) is a 1920 silent German horror film directed by F. W. Murnau and photographed by Karl Freund. This is now considered to be a lost film. The film was written by Carl Mayer, who also wrote The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920). Karl Freund later emigrated to Hollywood where he directed such classic horror films as The Mummy (1932) and Mad Love (1935). It premiered at the Marmorhaus in Berlin.

Carl Mayer
Carl Mayer (20 November 1894 – 1 July 1944) was an Austrian screenwriter. Mayer wrote or co-wrote the screenplays to The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920), The Haunted Castle (1921), Der Letzte Mann (1924), Tartuffe (1926), Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans (1927), and 4 Devils (1928), most of them being films directed by F. W. Murnau. Mayer was a fundamental figure in the dramatic and narrative establishment of both German expressionist cinema and Kammerspielfilm.
Eric Machtig
Sir Eric Gustav Machtig, GCMG, OBE (1889 - 24 July 1973) was a British civil servant. Educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, he entered the civil service as an official in the Colonial Office in 1912; he moved to the Dominions Office in 1930 and he was appointed Permanent Secretary in May 1940; when the office merged with the India and Burma Offices to form the Commonwealth Relations Office in 1947, he became joint Permanent Secretary of the CRO (jointly with Sir Archibald Carter), serving until the end of 1948. Retiring from the civil service in 1949, he became a director of a number of trusts, charities and financial organisations. Both of Machtig's parents were German-born.

Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations
The secretary of state for Commonwealth relations was a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, responsible for dealing with the United Kingdom's relations with members of the Commonwealth of Nations (its former colonies). The minister's department was the Commonwealth Relations Office (CRO).

The position was created in 1947 out of the old positions of Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs and Secretary of State for India. In 1966, the position was merged with that of the Secretary of State for the Colonies to form that of Secretary of State for Commonwealth Affairs, which was in turn merged with the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs in 1968 to create the new position of Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs. The equivalent position today is the Secretary of State for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Affairs.
Marit Strindlund
Marit Strindlund is a Swedish conductor. From 2000 to 2004, Strindlund studied conducting with Professor Jorma Panula at the Royal College of Music in Stockholm. She continued her postgraduate studies at Royal Northern College of Music, Manchester, specialising in opera conducting, 2004-2006.

In opera, Strindlund has conducted productions with Muziektheater Transparant Antwerpen, Belgium, Gothenburg Opera House, Värmland Opera House, British Youth Opera Saddler's Wells, Opera Garden Aberdeen, Gageego/Atalante, amongst others.

As orchestra conductor, she has performed with Norrköping Symphony Orchestra, Helsingborg Symphony Orchestra, Nordic Chamber Orchestra, Dalasinfoniettan, Värmlandssinfoniettan, Västerås Sinfonietta, Southbank Sinfonia, Kammarensemblen, amongst others.

Muziektheater Transparant
Muziektheater Transparant is a Flemish theatre company founded in 1994. They produce music theatre and their own versions of operas. The artistic directors are Guy Coolen and Wouter Van Looy. Among the past and current composers in residence are Wim Henderickx, Jan Van Outryve, Eric Sleichim (of Bl!ndman), Liesa Van der Aa and Annelies Van Parys.

Transparant, which has its office and rehearsal room in Matterhorn (Antwerp), brings artists and ensembles together. It is strong internationally oriented and delivers productions with artistic and social relevance for a large audience.
2012 Ýokary Liga
2012 Ýokary Liga season was the 20th edition of the top tier professional Yokary Liga football annual competition in Turkmenistan administered by the Football Federation of Turkmenistan. It started on 10 April 2012 with the first round and ended in November.

Ýokary Liga
The Turkmenistan Higher League, also called Türkmenistan Ýokary Liga (Turkmen: Ýokary liga futbol klublarynyň arasyndaky futbol boýunça Türkmenistanyň çempionaty), is the top division of professional football in Turkmenistan, operated by the Turkmenistan Football Federation.

It was founded in 1992. Nine clubs participate in the Higher League of the Turkmenistan National Championship. The season runs between April and November.

There are 9 teams in the competition. As of the 2024 season, the league had one AFC Champions League Two qualifying spot for the league winner league.

Since the introduction of the Turkmenistan Higher League in 1992, Altyn Asyr (8 times), Köpetdag (6 times), Nebitçi (4 times), Nisa (4 times), Ýedigen (4 times), Arkadag (3 times), Aşgabat (2 times), Ahal (1 time) and Şagadam (1 time) have won the title.

FC Arkadag are the current champions (2025) (for the third time).
The Bad Popes
The Bad Popes is a 1969 book by E. R. Chamberlin documenting the lives of eight of the most controversial popes (papal years in parentheses):

Pope Stephen VI (896–897), who exhumed and tried his dead predecessor Pope Formosus.: 19

Pope John XII (955–964), who murdered several people.

Pope Benedict IX (1032–1044, 1045, 1047–1048), who was accused of selling the Papacy.

Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303), who regularly interfered in the politics of neighboring kingdoms.

Pope Urban VI (1378–1389), who tortured cardinals who had conspired against him.: 153

Pope Alexander VI (1492–1503), who, besides being openly promiscuous, was found guilty of nepotism.: 204

Pope Leo X (1513–1521), who once spent 1⁄7 of the Papal reserves on a single ceremony, leading Martin Luther to publish the 95 Theses and spark the Protestant Reformation.: 218

Pope Clement VII (1523–1534), whose power-politicking led to the Sack of Rome.

Nepotism
Nepotism is the act of granting an advantage, privilege, or position to relatives in an occupation or field. These fields can include business, politics, academia, entertainment, sports, religion or health care. In concept, it is similar to cronyism.

The term originated with the assignment of nephews, sons, or other relatives to important positions by Catholic popes and bishops. Nepotism has been criticized since ancient history by philosophers, including Aristotle, Valluvar, and Confucius, condemning it as both evil and unwise.
Holin LLH family
The holin LLH family (TC# 1.E.26) is a group of transporters belonging to the Holin superfamily VI. The Holin LLH family is found in Bacillota and phage of Bacillota as well as other bacteria. Members are fairly large, between 100 and 160 amino acyl residues in length, and have an N-terminal transmembrane segment (TMS). Some proteins, such as putative holin of Fusobacterium varium (TC# 1.E.26.7.2), may exhibit 2 TMSs. A representative list of proteins belonging to the Holin LLH family can be found in the Transporter Classification Database.

Bacillota
The Bacillota (synonym "Firmicutes") are a phylum of bacteria, most of which have Gram-positive cell wall structure. They have round cells, called cocci (singular coccus), or rod-like forms (bacillus). A few Bacillota, such as Megasphaera, Pectinatus, Selenomonas, and Zymophilus from the class Negativicutes, have a porous pseudo-outer membrane that causes them to stain Gram-negative. Many Bacillota produce endospores, which are resistant to desiccation and can survive extreme conditions. They are found in various environments, and the group includes some notable pathogens. Those in one family, the Heliobacteria, produce energy through anoxygenic photosynthesis. Bacillota play an important role in beer, wine, and cider spoilage.