hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Electronic Information for Libraries
Electronic Information for Libraries (EIFL) works with libraries worldwide to enable access to digital information for people in developing and transition countries. They are an international not-for-profit organisation based in Vilnius with a global network of partners.

Founded in 1999, EIFL began by advocating for affordable access to commercial e-journals for academic and research libraries in Central and Eastern Europe. EIFL now partners with libraries and library consortia in more than 60 developing and transition countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America. Their work has expanded to include other programmes that enable access to knowledge for education, learning, research and community development.

Open Society Foundations
Open Society Foundations (OSF), formerly the Open Society Institute, is an American grantmaking network founded by billionaire business magnate George Soros. OSF financially supports progressive organizations. As of 2025, OSF has reported expenditures in excess of $24.2 billion since its establishment in 1993. OSF has assets of over $23 billion, making it one of the world's largest foundations. It has offices in over a dozen countries. The New York Times described OSF as "a sprawling political and philanthropic empire that seeks to advance a liberal, democratic agenda around the globe".
Sooner or Later (Michelle Branch song)
"Sooner or Later" is a song written by John Shanks, Hillary Lindsey, and co-written and recorded by American artist Michelle Branch. It was released as the lead-off single to her six-song solo country EP, Everything Comes and Goes. "Sooner or Later" was released as a digital download on June 29, 2009 and later sent to country radio on August 11, 2009. This is Branch's first country single, and her first release since The Wreckers, a country duo consisting of Branch and Jessica Harp, was placed on hold in favor of solo careers for both members.

The Wreckers
The Wreckers were an American country music duo formed in 2005 by Michelle Branch and Jessica Harp, both of whom had solo recordings before the duo's foundation. In 2006, the duo released its debut album Stand Still, Look Pretty, which produced a number one single on the Billboard Hot Country Songs in its lead-off single "Leave the Pieces". The album accounted for a top 10 hit on the same chart in "My, Oh My" as well. After its release, both Branch and Harp returned to being solo singers. Harp has since had top 40 country success of her own with the single "Boy Like Me".
Nashville Boogie Vintage Weekender
The Nashville Boogie Vintage Weekender is an American annual four-day music festival and celebration of mid-century American culture, vintage clothes, old cars, early country/rockabilly/R&B music, pinup models, and western wear founded by Jason Galaz of Muddy Roots Music. Since its first year in 2015, it has been held at Gaylord Opryland Resort in Nashville, Tennessee. The festival typically starts on the third Thursday in May and lasts four days. The main attractions of this festival are the multiple stages featuring live music with a diverse array of musical styles including rockabilly, psychobilly, R&B and country music. The event also hosts a vintage car show, vintage clothing shopping, and the Western Roundup Fashion Show.

Vintage clothing
Vintage clothing is clothing that originates from a previous era. The term vintage clothing can also be applied in reference to second-hand retail outlets, e.g. in "vintage clothing store". While the concept originated during World War I as a response to textile shortages, vintage dressing encompasses choosing accessories, mixing vintage garments with new, as well as creating an ensemble of various styles and periods. Vintage clothes typically sell at low prices for high-end name brands.

Vintage clothing can be found in cities at local boutiques or local charities, or on the internet through digital second-hand shopping websites. Vintage fashion has seen a reemergence in popularity within the 21st century due to increased prevalence of vintage pieces in the media and among celebrities, as well as consumer interests in sustainability and slow fashion.
Hydnellum complicatum
Hydnellum complicatum is a tooth fungus in the family Bankeraceae. Found in North America, it was described as new to science by mycologist Howard James Banker in 1906 from collections made in New York. Banker, who described the fruitbody as "irregular and complicated", considered it closely related to H. floriforme, differing in its reddish color and smaller spores.

Howard James Banker
Howard James Banker (April 19, 1866 in Schaghticoke, New York – November 13, 1940) was an American mycologist. He received his PhD from Columbia University in 1908. Banker was an associate editor of the journal Mycologia starting from its establishment in 1909, until it became the official publication of the Mycological Society of America in 1933. He published several papers in the journal, including a revision of the North American Hydnaceae, which discussed 62 species in 10 genera. Banker died at his home in Huntington, New York, in 1940. The genus Bankera is named after him.
USS Typhon
USS Typhon (ARL-28) was one of 39 Achelous-class landing craft repair ships built for the United States Navy during World War II. The ship was named for Typhon, the son of Tartarus and Gaea in Greek mythology.

On 14 August 1944 (before her construction began), LST-1118 was reclassified a landing craft repair ship (ARL-28). The ship was named Typhon on 11 September 1944 and her keel was laid down on 17 October 1944 at Seneca, Illinois by the Chicago Bridge and Iron Company; sponsored by Mrs. F. E. Kitteredge, the ship was launched on 5 January 1945 and commissioned on 18 January 1945.

Seneca, Illinois
Seneca is a village in LaSalle and Grundy counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. The population was 2,353 at the 2020 census, down from 2,371 at the 2010 census.

The LaSalle County portion of Seneca is part of the Ottawa, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, while the small portion that lies in Grundy County is part of the Chicago metropolitan area.
Omai (play)
Omai is a 1785 pantomime written by John O'Keeffe with music by William Shield. It depicts the voyage of Omai, a Tahitian royal, to marry Londina the fictional daughter of Britannia. It was loosely inspired by the real visit of Omai to Europe in the 1770s and the final voyage of the explorer Captain James Cook leading up to his dramatic death in 1779. Its full name is Omai: or, a trip round the world

Tahitians
The Tahitians (Tahitian: Māʼohi; French: Tahitiens) are the Indigenous Polynesian people of Tahiti and thirteen other Society Islands in French Polynesia. The numbers may also include the modern population in these islands of mixed Polynesian and French ancestry (French: demis). Indigenous Tahitians are one of the largest Polynesian ethnic groups, behind the Māori, Samoans and Hawaiians.
Yancey's Fancy
Yancey's Fancy is a producer of artisan cheeses based in Corfu, New York, USA. The company was formerly known as Darn Good Foods, Inc. The Yancey's Fancy name was established in 1998 when John Yancey (whose family operated Heluva Good!) and his long-time business associate Mike Wimble bought the Kutter's Cheese business and factory from Richard and Tony Kutter, who retired.

Corfu, New York
Corfu (/ˈkɔːrfjuː/ KOR-fyoo) is a village in Genesee County, New York, United States. The population was 709 at the 2010 census. It is named after the Greek island of Corfu.

The village of Corfu lies along the southern edge of the town of Pembroke; about 1.5 acres (0.6 ha) within the village limits are within the town of Darien to the south.
M. Roopakala
M. Roopakala Shashidhar (born 20 June 1979) is an Indian politician from Karnataka. She is a member of the 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly representing Kolar Gold Fields constituency in Kolar district. She won on an Indian National Congress ticket. She defeated Ashwini Sampangi of BJP by 50,467 votes. In January 2024, she was appointed the chairperson of the Karnataka Handicrafts Industrial Development Corporation.

Karnataka Legislative Assembly
The Karnataka Legislative Assembly (formerly the Mysore Legislative Assembly) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the southern Indian state of Karnataka. Karnataka is one of the six states in India where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and the Vidhan Parishad (upper house).

There are 224 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and are directly elected  through adult franchise. Karnataka is thus divided into 224 constituencies to elect members to the Assembly, each constituency electing one member. The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or "first past the post" electoral system. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Jim Brutz
James Charles Brutz (February 12, 1919 – November 5, 2000) was an American football tackle.

Brutz was born in Niles, Ohio. He began attending Niles High School but was recruited to play football at Warren G. Harding High School in Warren, Ohio.  He played college football for Notre Dame from 1939 to 1941. He was selected as the most valuable player on the undefeated 1941 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team.

After the United States entry into World War II, Brutz enlisted in the United States Navy. He played on Navy football teams, served in the Pacific Theater, and attained the rank of lieutenant commander.

After the war, he played professional football in the All-America Football Conference for the Chicago Rockets in 1946 and 1948. He appeared in 23 games, 11 as a starter.

After retiring from football, Brutz worked as a teacher and later as a real estate broker in Warren, Ohio. He died in 2000 at Warren.

Warren G. Harding High School
Warren G. Harding High School is a public high school in Warren, Ohio, United States. It is the only high school in the Warren City School District. Athletic teams are known as the Raiders, and they compete as a member of the Ohio High School Athletic Association in the All-American Conference.
2025 Guadalajara 125 Open – Singles
Alexandra Eala won the singles title at the 2025 Guadalajara 125 Open, defeating Panna Udvardy in the final, 1–6, 7–5, 6–3, becoming the first Filipina ever to win a Challenger-level WTA title.

Kamilla Rakhimova was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Victoria Jiménez Kasintseva.

Victoria Jiménez Kasintseva
Victoria Jiménez Kasintseva (born 9 August 2005) is an Andorran professional tennis player. On 20 October 2025, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 107 by the WTA. At the age of 14, she won the 2020 Australian Open girls' singles title.
Anomaloglossus tamacuarensis
Anomaloglossus tamacuarensis is a species of frog in the family Aromobatidae. It is found in the Sierra Tapirapecó in the Amazonas state of Venezuela as well as in the adjacent Amazonas state of Brazil (where the range is known as Serra do Tapirapecó).

Amazonas (Venezuelan state)
Amazonas State (Spanish: Estado Amazonas, IPA: [esˈtaðo amaˈsonas]) is one of the 23 states into which Venezuela is divided. It covers nearly a fifth of the area of Venezuela, but has less than 1% of Venezuela's population.

The state capital is Puerto Ayacucho. The capital until the early 1900s was San Fernando de Atabapo. Although named after the Amazon River, most of the state is drained by the Orinoco River. Amazonas State covers 176,899 km2 and, in 2007, had a population of 142,200. Its density is 0.8 inhabitants per km2.

Amazonas has Venezuela's highest proportion of indigenous peoples of Venezuela; these make up only around 1.5% of the population nationwide, but the proportion is nearly 50% in Amazonas.: 52
Turtle racing
Turtle racing is a traditional activity in rural America, typically held as part of a county fair, 4th of July celebration, or other festival.

It is primarily promoted as a children’s activity. Originating from a single event in Oklahoma in the 1920s, turtle races spread across the country and have become particularly popular in Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Nebraska, and Minnesota.

Turtle races are considered a traditional activity and a source of civic pride in many small communities. However, most turtle races use wild caught turtles and do not have strong conservation and animal husbandry protocols, causing concern among conservationists and animal welfare advocates. Efforts have been made to create best practices that allow turtle races to exist harmoniously with the needs of the turtles.

Agricultural show
An agricultural show, county show or farm show is a public event exhibiting the equipment, animals, sports and recreation associated with agriculture and animal husbandry. The largest comprise a livestock show (a judged event or display in which breeding stock is exhibited), a trade fair, competitions, and entertainment. The work and practices of farmers, animal fanciers, cowboys, and zoologists may be displayed. The terms agricultural show and livestock show are synonymous with the North American terms county fair and state fair, and the UK county show.

Agricultural shows tend to be important events for sharing different agricultural practices or techniques, learning about new technologies or celebrating achievements by producers through competitions.
James Hamilton McLean
James Hamilton McLean (17 June 1936 – 11 November 2016) was an American malacologist (a biologist who studies mollusks). He specialized in marine gastropods. He worked on many families of Eastern Pacific gastropods including the Fissurellidae, Trochidae, Turbinidae and Liotiidae, and also investigated deep sea gastropods from hydrothermal vents.

McLean worked as a curator of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County from 1964 to 2001 and was a curator emeritus there until his death in November 2016.

Trochidae
The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles a toy spinning top.
Kentdale, Western Australia
Kentdale is a rural locality of the Shire of Denmark in the Great Southern region of Western Australia. The South Coast Highway and the Kent River form much of the southern border of Kentdale, with the Owingup Nature Reserve located along the river.

Kent River
The Kent River is a river in the Great Southern region of Western Australia.

The headwaters of the river rise near Tenterden. The river flows in a south-westerly direction, crosses the Muir Highway east of Rocky Gully, flows through Mount Roe and Mount Lindesay national parks, crosses the South Coast Highway near Kenton, flows through the Owingup Nature Reserve swampland and finally discharges into the eastern side of Irwin Inlet.

There are two tributaries to the Kent: Styx River and Nile Creek.

The river was named in 1829 by Thomas Wilson, the first European to explore the river. He named it after a member of his exploration party John Kent, of the 39th Regiment, Assistant Commissary General at the King George Sound garrison.
Dart v. Craigslist, Inc.
Thomas Dart, Sheriff of Cook County v. Craigslist, Inc., 665 F. Supp. 2d 961 (N.D. Ill. Oct. 20, 2009), is a decision by the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois in which the court held that Craigslist, as an Internet service provider, was immune from wrongs committed by their users under Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act (CDA). Sheriff Thomas Dart had sought to hold Craigslist responsible for allegedly illegal content posted by users in Craigslist's erotic services section, but Section 230(c)(1) of the CDA provides that "no provider or user of an interactive computer service shall be treated as the publisher or speaker of any information provided by another information content provider."

United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois
The United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (in case citations, N.D. Ill.)  is the federal trial court with jurisdiction over the northern counties of Illinois. It is one of the busiest federal trial courts in the United States, with famous cases including those of Al Capone and the Chicago Eight.

Appeals from the Northern District of Illinois are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The United States attorney for the district, representing the United States in litigation in the court, is Andrew S. Boutros since April 7, 2025.
Instant Cash
Instant Cash is a Canadian game show which premiered January 31, 2011 and airs on TVtropolis on Mondays at 10pm ET/PT.  It is produced and created by Cineflix. The show has a magic ATM, located in any mall in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Instant Cash does not air in HD because the channel it airs on does not have an HD version. Colleen Rusholme provides the voice of the ATM, though for the first season the ATM was originally voiced by Ally Coyote. The series is directed by Joey Case and  Joel Goldberg, and produced by Philip Whelan,  Nicole Hamilton and Marshall Jay Kaplan.

Hamilton C shell
Hamilton C shell is a clone of the Unix C shell and utilities for Microsoft Windows created by Nicole Hamilton at Hamilton Laboratories as a completely original work, not based on any prior code.  It was first released on OS/2 on December 12, 1988 and on Windows NT in July 1992.  The OS/2 version was discontinued in 2003 but the Windows version continues to be actively supported.
Iowa State Capitol
The Iowa State Capitol, commonly called the Iowa Statehouse, is in Iowa's capital city, Des Moines. As the seat of the Iowa General Assembly, the building houses the Iowa Senate, Iowa House of Representatives, the Office of the Governor, and the Offices of the Attorney General, Auditor, Treasurer, and Secretary of State. The building also includes a chamber for the Iowa Supreme Court, although court activities usually take place in the neighboring Iowa Supreme Court building. The building was constructed between 1871 and 1886, and is the only five-domed capitol in the country.

Located at East 9th Street and Grand Avenue, the Capitol is set atop a hill and offers a panoramic view of the city's downtown and the West Capitol Terrace. Various monuments and memorials are to its sides and front, including the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Civil War Monument and the Lincoln and Tad statue.

Treasurer of Iowa
The treasurer of Iowa is the state treasurer of the Government of Iowa, United States.

The office is provided for by the Constitution of Iowa, which requires that the officeholder be elected every four years, simultaneously with the rest of the state's executive branch, in presidential midterm elections.

Before statehood, Iowa was part of the Iowa Territory from 1838 to 1846. During this time, the territory had a treasurer. Treasurers of Iowa Territory, both from Iowa City in Johnson County, were Thornton Bayless from 1839 to 1840 and Morgan Reno from 1840 to 1846, before succeeding himself as Iowa's first treasurer. The incumbent has been Republican Roby Smith since 2023.
Robby the Robot
Robby the Robot is a fictional character who first appeared in the 1956 film Forbidden Planet. He made a number of subsequent appearances in science fiction films and television programs, which has given him the distinction as "the hardest working robot in Hollywood".

Uncle Simon
"Uncle Simon" is an episode of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone. The episode explores people's willingness to wallow in misery and hate, through the example of a woman who submits herself to serving first her mean-spirited uncle, and later the robot he malevolently designed.
1969 NCAA University Division baseball tournament
The 1969 NCAA University Division baseball tournament was played at the end of the 1969 NCAA University Division baseball season to determine the national champion of college baseball.  The tournament concluded with eight teams competing in the College World Series, a double-elimination tournament in its twenty-third year.  Eight regional districts sent representatives to the College World Series with preliminary rounds within each district serving to determine each representative.  These events would later become known as regionals.  Each district had its own format for selecting teams, resulting in 23 teams participating in the tournament at the conclusion of their regular season, and in some cases, after a conference tournament.  The twenty-third tournament's champion was Arizona State, coached by Bobby Winkles.  The Most Outstanding Player was John Dolinsek of Arizona State.

Bobby Winkles
Bobby Brooks Winkles (March 11, 1930 – April 17, 2020) was an American baseball player and coach. After an eight-year career as an infielder in the minor leagues, he became the acclaimed college baseball coach at Arizona State University (ASU) in 1959. Then, 13 years later, he returned to professional baseball as a manager, coach, front-office executive and broadcaster in the major leagues.

Born in Tuckerman, Arkansas, and raised in nearby Swifton, Winkles was a graduate of Illinois Wesleyan University, where he became a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity. A right-handed-hitting and -throwing shortstop, he played minor league baseball in the Chicago White Sox organization between 1951 and 1958, hitting .270 with 890 hits in 858 games played before retiring to become Arizona State's head baseball coach at age 29.
John Pratt (archdeacon of Calcutta)
John Henry Pratt FRS (4 June 1809 – 28 December 1871) was a British clergyman, astronomer and mathematician. A Cambridge Apostle, he joined the British East India Company in 1838 as a chaplain and later became Archdeacon of Calcutta. Although nominated as Bishop of Calcutta, the decision was rescinded at the last moment with George Cotton being appointed to the position. A gifted mathematician who worked on problems of geodesy and earth science, he was approached by the Surveyor General of India to examine the errors in surveys resulting from the attraction of the plumb-line to the mass of the Himalayan mountains. This led him to develop a theory based on a fluid earth of crustal balance which became the basis for the isostasy principle. He died in India of cholera while on a visit to Ghazipur.

Cambridge Apostles
The Cambridge Apostles (also known as the Conversazione Society) is or was an intellectual society at the University of Cambridge founded in 1820 by George Tomlinson, a Cambridge student who became the first Bishop of Gibraltar.
René Bühler
Max René Bühler (/bɒɒhlər/ boo-hler July 6, 1905 - March 26, 1987) was a Swiss businessman, industrialist and politician. He served on the National Council (Switzerland) for the Free Democratic Party (FDP) between 1951 and 1959. He previously served on the municipal council of Uzwil between 1948 and 1951.

Bühler was a controlling shareholder of Bühler Brothers, which was established in 1860, by his grandfather Adolf Bühler Sr. Bühler was on the board of directors of Credit Suisse, Sulzer, Schlieren (today part of Stadler Rail), Oerlikon, Hasler as well as a board director of several economic non-profit organizations such as Swissmem.

Swissmem
Swissmem is the association of the Swiss technology industry (mechanical, electrical, metal, and related technology sectors). It represents the interests of the technology industries in the commercial, political and public spheres, and boosts the competitive capacity of its over 1,400 member companies with needs-based services. These include training and development courses for employees in the sector, consulting services, networks and a compensation fund.

Martin Hirzel has been President of Swissmem since 2021. Stefan Brupbacher has been its CEO since 2019.

Swissmem is headquartered in Zurich.