hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Magnolia sinica
Magnolia sinica is a species of flowering plant in the family Magnoliaceae, native to southeast Yunnan Province, China. In China it is known by common name huagaimu and distributes in south subtropical monsoon broadleaved evergreen forests at altitudes between 1339 and 1707m. It is categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. As a plant species with extremely small populations (PSESP) there were an estimated 50 wild individuals remaining, and has been targeted as one of the 20 species approved by the Yunnan government for urgent rescue action before 2015.

Magnoliaceae
The Magnoliaceae (/mæɡˌnoʊliˈeɪsii/) are a flowering plant family, the magnolia family,  in the order Magnoliales. It consists of two genera: Magnolia and Liriodendron (tulip trees).

Unlike most angiosperms, whose flower parts are in whorls (rings), the Magnoliaceae have their stamens and pistils in spirals on a conical receptacle. This arrangement is found in some fossil plants and is believed to be a basal or early condition for angiosperms. The flowers also have parts not distinctly differentiated into sepals and petals, while angiosperms that evolved later tend to have distinctly differentiated sepals and petals. The poorly differentiated perianth parts that occupy both positions are known as tepals.

The family has about 219 species and ranges across subtropical eastern North America, Mexico and Central America, the West Indies, tropical South America, southern and eastern India, Sri Lanka, Indochina, Malesia, China, Japan, and Korea.
Big Daddy (Heavy D song)
"Big Daddy" is the lead single from Heavy D's sixth album, Waterbed Hev. Produced by Heavy D and Tony Dofat and featuring vocals from Keanna Henson, "Big Daddy" was a success, peaking at 18 on the Billboard Hot 100. It became Heavy D's second biggest hit after 1991's "Now That We Found Love", which reached No. 11 on the Hot 100. The single also earned a gold certification on May 6, 1997 for sales of 500,000 copies and reached 73 on Billboard's Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1997. The official remix sampled Soul II Soul's 1989 hit "Back to Life (However Do You Want Me)" and featured a guest verse from McGruff.

Soul II Soul
Soul II Soul are a British musical collective formed in London in 1988. They are best known for their two major hits: 1989's UK number five and US number eleven "Keep On Movin'", and its follow-up, the UK number one and US number four "Back to Life". They have won two Grammy Awards, and have been nominated for five Brit Awards, twice for Best British Group.
Milan Kučera (Nordic combined)
Milan Kučera (born 18 June 1974 in Jilemnice) is a Czech former Nordic combined skier who competed from 1991 to 2002. Competing in four Winter Olympics, his best finish was fifth in the 15 km individual event at Nagano in 1998.

Kučera's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was fourth in the 15 km individual at Thunder Bay, Ontario in 1995. His only World Cup victory was in a 15 km individual event in France in 1998.

He is son of another Czech skier Tomáš Kučera, who represented his country in the 1968 and 1972 Winter Olympics, also in the Nordic combined event.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1995
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1995 took place 9–19 March 1995 in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. This marked the second time the separate championships (not part of Winter Olympics) were held outside Europe (the first was in the US towns of Lake Placid, New York, and Rumford, Maine, in 1950). The Nordic combined team event was changed from a 3 × 10 km relay to a 4 × 5 km relay for these championships.
Armactica columbina
Armactica columbina is a moth of the family Nolidae first described by Francis Walker in 1865. It is found in the Australian states of New South Wales, Queensland and the north of Western Australia.

The wingspan is about 20 mm.

The larvae have been recorded feeding on Cordia subcordata.

Cordia subcordata
Cordia subcordata is a species of flowering tree in the family Cordiaceae. It can be found growing in eastern Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, northern Australia and the Pacific Islands. The plant is known by a variety of names, including kou, beach cordia, sea trumpet, and kerosene wood.
Bowie Seamount
Bowie Seamount, or SG̱áan Ḵínghlas ("Supernatural One Looking Outward") in the Haida language, is a large submarine volcano in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, located 180 km (110 mi) west of Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada. The seamount is also known as Bowie Bank. The English name for the feature is after William Bowie of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

The volcano has a flat-topped summit rising about 3,000 m (10,000 ft) above the seabed, to 24 m (79 ft) below sea level. The seamount lies at the southern end of a long underwater volcanic mountain range called the Pratt-Welker or Kodiak-Bowie Seamount chain, stretching from the Aleutian Trench in the north almost to Haida Gwaii in the south.

Bowie Seamount lies on the Pacific Plate, a large segment of the Earth's surface which moves in a northwestern direction under the Pacific Ocean. It is adjacent to two other submarine volcanoes; Hodgkins Seamount on its northern flank and Graham Seamount on its eastern flank.

British Columbia Coast
The British Columbia Coast, popularly referred to as the BC Coast or simply the Coast, is a geographic region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. As the entire western continental coastline of Canada along the Pacific Ocean is in the province, it is synonymous with being the West Coast of Canada.

While the exact boundaries are variously defined, the region is generally defined to include the 15 regional districts that have coastline along the Pacific Ocean or Salish Sea, or are part of the Lower Mainland, a subregion of the British Columbia Coast. Other boundaries may exclude parts of or even entire regional districts, such as those of the aforementioned Lower Mainland.
Tzeli Hadjidimitriou
Tzeli Hadjidimitriou (Greek: Τζέλη Χατζηδημητρίου) is a Greek independent filmmaker,  fine art photographer, and travel writer from Lesbos, Greece. She is known for her work on cultural memory, LGBTQ issues, and rural Greek life. A pioneer in queer Greek cinema, her films include the award-winning Lesvia (2024), Sappho’s Granddaughters (2020) and Mr. Dimitris and Mrs. Dimitroula (2019).

Hadjidimitriou’s photographic books, such as In Communion With Stone (2009) and 39 Coffee Houses and a Barber’s Shop (1997), document vanishing traditions. She is the author of A Girl’s Guide to Lesbos (2012), the first travel guide to highlight the island’s lesbian cultural history.

Crete University Press
Crete University Press is a university press co-organized and operated by the Pancretan Association of America and the Foundation for Research & Technology – Hellas (FORTH). The press is a non-profit organization supported entirely by the sale of its books. Crete University Press is a member of the International Association of University Presses.
Tivaouane department
Tivaouane department is one of the 46 departments of Senegal, and one of the three in the Thiès region. Its capital is Tivaouane.

The department has three urban communes: Mboro, Meckhe and Tivaouane.

The rural districts (communautés rurales) comprise:

Arrondissement of Mérina Dakhar:
Mérina Dakhar
Koul
Pékèsse

Arrondissement of Méouane:
Méouane
Darou Khoudoss
Taïba Ndiaye

Arrondissement of Niakhène:
Niakhène
Mbayène
Thilmakha
Ngandiouf

Arrondissement de Pambal
Notto Gouye Diama
Mont Rolland
Pire Goureye
Chérif Lo

Meckhe
Meckhe is a town and urban commune in Senegal, which is located in the north-west of the country, between Dakar and Saint-Louis. It lies in the department of Tivaouane within the region of Thiès. It had a population of 27,566 in 2023.

Economical activity is centered on agriculture, handicrafts, commerce and cattle breeding.

It is a sister city with  Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, France.
Shainah Joseph
Shainah Joseph (born 15 May 1995) is a Canadian female volleyball player who currently plays for the Orlando Valkyries of the Pro Volleyball Federation. She is a member of the Canada women's national volleyball team and competed at the 2023 FIVB Volleyball Women's Olympic Qualification Tournaments.

Pro Volleyball Federation
The Pro Volleyball Federation (PVF) was the original incarnation of Major League Volleyball (MLV), a women's professional indoor volleyball league in the United States. The PVF was announced on November 17, 2022, and began play in 2024.
Cycling at the Summer Paralympics
Cycling has been contested at every Summer Paralympic Games since the 1984 Summer Paralympics. From an original program of seven road races, the sport is now contested on both road and track, with handbikes (classified H) and tricycle racing (T) on the road only, while visually impaired tandem class events (B) and standard bicycle racing class event (C) take place in both track and road disciplines. Since 2012 the cycling program at the Paralympics is typically the third largest of any sport in the Games, behind athletics and swimming, and running at approximately 50 separate events.

Para-cycling classification
Para-cycling classification is the process of classifying participants in para-cycling covering four functional disability types.  The classification system includes classes for handcycles for people who have lower limb mobility issues. The sport is governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).
Connecticut's 15th State Senate district
Connecticut's 15th State Senate district elects one member of the Connecticut State Senate. It encompasses parts of Waterbury, Middlebury, and Naugatuck. It has been represented by Democrat Joan Hartley since 2001.

Connecticut State Senate
The Connecticut State Senate is the upper house of the Connecticut General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Connecticut. The state senate comprises 36 members, each representing a district with around 99,280 inhabitants. Senators are elected to two-year terms without term limits. The Connecticut State Senate is one of 14 state legislative upper houses whose members serve two-year terms; four-year terms are more common.

As in other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Senate is vested with special functions such as confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to the state's executive departments, the state cabinet, commissions and boards. Unlike a majority of U.S. state legislatures, both the Connecticut House of Representatives and the State Senate vote on the composition of the Connecticut Supreme Court.

The Senate meets within the State Capitol in Hartford.
1840 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom
The 1840 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom titled  Ke Kumukānāwai a me nā Kānāwai o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻĀina, 1840 was the first fully written constitution for the Hawaiian Kingdom. Overall, this version of the Constitution of Hawaiʻi established a constitutional monarchy subjecting even the king to certain principles of democracy.

Monarch
A monarch (/ˈmɒnərk/) is a head of state for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch usually exercises the highest authority and power in the state. Usually, a monarch either personally inherits the lawful right to exercise the state's sovereign rights (often referred to as the throne or the crown) or is selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation's monarch. Alternatively, an individual may proclaim oneself monarch, or even usurp power, as many Ancient Greek tyrants did. If a young child is crowned the monarch, then a regent is often appointed to govern until the monarch reaches the requisite adult age to rule.
Mark Trail Wilderness
The Mark Trail Wilderness was designated in 1991 and currently consists of 16,400 acres (66 km2). It is named in honor of Mark Trail, a daily newspaper comic strip created by the American cartoonist Ed Dodd. The Wilderness is located within the borders of the Chattahoochee National Forest in White, Towns, and Union counties, Georgia. The Wilderness is managed by the United States Forest Service and is part of the National Wilderness Preservation System.

The highest elevation in the Mark Trail Wilderness is the 4,045-foot (1,233 m) peak of Horsetrough Mountain. One hundred and forty miles (230 km) of the Appalachian Trail cross the Wilderness. The Wilderness features other peaks and Horsetrough Falls on the headwaters of the Chattahoochee River. The Tray Mountain Wilderness is located across State Route 75 to the east.

Towns County, Georgia
Towns County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,493. Its county seat is Hiawassee. The county was created on March 6, 1856, and named for lawyer, legislator, and politician George W. Towns.
Biblioteca Civica Gambalunga
The Biblioteca Civica Gambalunga, also known as the Gambalunghiana, is a public library in Rimini, in the region of Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy.

The library was founded in 1619 following a bequest by Riminese lawyer Alessandro Gambalunga. As of December 2023, the Gambalunghiana's collection holds over 300,000 physical exhibits, including 293,879 books. Readers known to have visited the library include Ezra Pound, Ambroise Firmin Didot, and Aby Warburg.

Giovanni Bianchi (physician)
Giovanni Bianchi (1693–1775), also known as Jano Planco, was an Italian physician, anatomist, archaeologist, zoologist and intellectual. He wrote numerous medical texts and De Conchis minus notis liber (1739), a work on Foraminifera, and maintained a cabinet of curiosities.
Zombie Shark
Zombie Shark is a docufiction program by Discovery Channel for the 2014 Shark Week. The premise of the program is that sharks can be brought into a state of tonic immobility (a kind of trance) by flipping them on their back, and that this characteristic might explain how a supposed series of Great white shark killings occurred: the suggestion is that Orcas have developed that skill and are thus able to kill large numbers of sharks. Zombie Shark, indeed much of Discovery's 2014 programming, was panned by critics, with the Houston Press claiming that Discovery had jumped the shark.

Apparent death
Apparent death is a behavior in which animals take on the appearance of being dead. It is an immobile state most often triggered by a predatory attack and can be found in a wide range of animals from insects and crustaceans to mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Apparent death is separate from the freezing behavior seen in some animals.

Apparent death is a form of animal deception considered to be an anti-predator strategy, but it can also be used as a form of aggressive mimicry. When induced by humans, the state is sometimes colloquially known as animal hypnosis. The earliest written record of "animal hypnosis" dates back to the year 1646 in a report by Athanasius Kircher, in which he subdued chickens.
HMNZS Pukaki
HMNZS Pukaki is a name which has been used by three ships of the Royal New Zealand Navy:

HMNZS Pukaki (F424), was a frigate, 1948–66

HMNZS Pukaki (1975), was a Lake-class patrol vessel, 1975–91, pennant number P3568

HMNZS Pukaki (2008), is a Protector-class inshore patrol vessel, launched in 2008, pennant number P3568

Lake-class patrol vessel
The Lake-class patrol vessel was a class of patrol vessels built in 1974 for the Royal New Zealand Navy by the British boat builders Brooke Marine.

There were four boats in the class:

HMNZS Pukaki (P3568)

HMNZS Rotoiti (P3569)

HMNZS Taupo (P3570)

HMNZS Hawea (P3571)

All the boats were commissioned in 1975 and decommissioned in 1991
Relations between Eastern Orthodoxy and Judaism
The Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church were united until the East–West Schism in 1054. Since then, the relationship between Eastern Orthodox Christians and Rabbinic Judaism has ranged from friendly, to punctuated tolerance, to outright hostility. During the last years of the Byzantine Empire, many Venetian Jews were able to purchase naturalization, and were therefore entitled to a broader set of rights than Christians. During the period of the Ottoman Empire, many Christians and Jews experienced radically different and varying experiences. In other Orthodox nations such as Russia, many Jews faced much more difficult challenges.

History of the Jews in Russia
The history of the Jews in Russia goes back to the beginnings of the Russian state. At one time, the Russian Empire hosted the largest population of Jews in the world. Within these territories, the primarily Ashkenazi Jewish communities of many different areas flourished and developed many of modern Judaism's most distinctive theological and cultural traditions, and they also faced periods of antisemitic discriminatory policies and persecution, including violent pogroms.

Many analysts have documented a "renaissance" in the Jewish community inside Russia since the beginning of the 21st century; however, the Russian Jewish population has experienced precipitous decline since the dissolution of the USSR which continues to this day, although it is still among the largest in Europe.
Mamba Township
Mamba (Chinese: 门巴乡) is a small town and township-level division in Lhasa prefecture-level city in Maizhokunggar County in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Administratively it is divided into six village-level divisional units, and the township covers an area of 822 square kilometres (317 sq mi), with a population of about 2,900. Animal husbandry, with the rearing of yak, sheep, goats, and agriculture, with the principal crops being barley, wheat, and canola, is predominant. Geologically, Late Triassic granitoids in the area are mainly "exposed in a fault uplift in the Gangdise tectonic belt". The township is home to Drigung Monastery.

Rapeseed oil
Rapeseed oil is one of the oldest known vegetable oils. There are both edible and industrial forms produced from rapeseed, the seed of several cultivars of the plant family Brassicaceae (mustards). The term "rapeseed" applies to oilseeds from the species Brassica napus and Brassica rapa, while the term canola refers to specific rapeseed varieties bred to produce oil for use in human and animal foods. In manufacturing, the edible varieties of canola are required to contain less than 2% erucic acid in Canada, the United States, European Union, and many other countries.

Canola is produced as low erucic acid rapeseed (LEAR) oil and is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

In commerce, non-food varieties are typically called colza oil. In 2022, Canada, Germany, China, and India were the leading producers of rapeseed oil, accounting together for 41% of the world total.
Jankowice, Radomsko County
Jankowice [jankɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ładzice, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Ładzice, 14 km (9 mi) west of Radomsko, and 85 km (53 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko
Radomsko (pronounced [raˈdɔmskɔ] ⓘ) is a city in south-central Poland with 44,700 inhabitants (2021). It is situated on the Radomka river in the Łódź Voivodeship. It is the county seat of Radomsko County.

Founded in the 11th century, Radomsko is a former royal city located within the Sieradz Land, which prospered as a trade center due to its location at the intersection of important trade routes. In the 14th century, it was the site of congresses at which Princess Jadwiga of Poland was chosen as Queen of Poland as the country's first female monarch. Due to particularly strong partisan resistance against German occupiers during World War II, it was dubbed Banditenstadt ("City of Bandits") by the Germans.

It is located on the main railway line connecting Warsaw and Katowice, the country's two largest metropolitan areas, and on the main highway connecting Gdańsk and Łódź with Katowice, part of the European route E75.
John Still
John Still (c. 1543 – 26 February 1607/1608) was Master of two Cambridge colleges and then, from 1593, Bishop of Bath and Wells. He enjoyed considerable fame as an English preacher and disputant. He was formerly reputed to be the author of an early English comedy drama, Gammer Gurton's Needle.

Hutton, Somerset
Hutton is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England. The parish, which has a population of 2,582, is within the unitary authority of North Somerset and located on the western edge of the Mendip Hills, close to Weston-super-Mare.

The hamlets of Elborough, Lower Canada and Upper Canada lie within the parish.
T-maze
In behavioral science, a T-maze (or the variant Y-maze) is a simple forked passage used in animal cognition experiments. It is shaped like the letter T (or Y), providing the subject, typically a rodent, with a straightforward choice.
T-mazes are used to study how the rodents function with memory and spatial learning through applying various stimuli. Starting in the early 20th century, rodents were used in experiments such as the T-maze. These concepts of T-mazes are used to assess rodent behavior. The different tasks, such as left-right discrimination and forced alternation, are mainly used with rodents to test reference and working memory.

T
T, or t, is the twentieth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is tee (pronounced /ˈtiː/ ⓘ), plural tees.

It is derived from the Semitic Taw 𐤕 of the Phoenician and Paleo-Hebrew script (Aramaic and Hebrew Taw ת/𐡕/, Syriac Taw ܬ, and Arabic ت Tāʼ) via the Greek letter τ (tau). In English, it is most commonly used to represent the voiceless alveolar plosive, a sound it also denotes in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It is the most commonly used consonant and the second-most commonly used letter in English-language texts.
Konotop Okruha
Konotop Okruha (Ukrainian: Конотопська округа) was an okruha, a type of regional district, in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic between 1923 and 1930. Its administrative centre was located in Konotop.

Konotop
Konotop (Ukrainian: Конотоп [konoˈtɔp] ⓘ; Russian: Конотоп [kənɐˈtop] ⓘ) is a city in Sumy Oblast, northeastern Ukraine. Konotop serves as the administrative center of Konotop Raion within the oblast. Konotop is located about 129 kilometres (80 mi) from Sumy, the administrative center of the oblast. It is host to Konotop Air Base. The population is 83,543 (2022 estimate).
Andy Davis (American football)
Andrew Nathan Davis Jr. (July 28, 1927 – December 22, 2007) was an American professional football defensive back in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins.  He played college football at George Washington University and was selected in the second round of the 1952 NFL draft.

1952 NFL draft
The 1952 NFL draft was held on January 17, 1952, at Hotel Statler in New York. Selections made by New York Yanks were assigned to the new Dallas Texans.

This was the sixth year that the first overall pick was a bonus pick determined by lottery, with the previous five winners (Chicago Bears in 1947, Washington Redskins in 1948, Philadelphia Eagles in 1949, Detroit Lions in 1950, and New York Giants in 1951) ineligible from the draw; it was won by the Los Angeles Rams, who selected quarterback Bill Wade.

The Washington Post sportswriter Mo Siegel later claimed that Washington Redskins owner George Preston Marshall let him choose a late-round pick. Siegel, he said, chose Tennessee Tech's Flavious Smith to force the first black player onto the all-white Redskins. If true, Marshall likely persuaded NFL Commissioner Bert Bell to remove the choice from the official records. (Smith, who did not hear the story until years later, was white.)