hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paddy McFarlane
Patrick McFarlane (29 May 1932 – 25 October 2013) was an association footballer who represented New Zealand at international level.

McFarlane made his full All Whites debut in a 2–3 loss to Australia on 16 August 1958 and ended his international playing career with 7 A-international caps and 7 non cap earning appearances to his credit, his final cap an appearance in a 2-1 win over Tahiti on 12 September 1960.

Tahiti national football team
The Tahiti national football team (French: Équipe de football de Tahiti; Tahitian: Te pŭpŭ tu'e popo a te fenua Tahiti) represents French Polynesia in men's international football, and is controlled by the Tahitian Football Federation. The team consists of a selection of players from French Polynesia, including Tahiti; they have competed in the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) since 1990.

Tahiti is traditionally one of the stronger footballing nations of the Pacific Islands, with the second-best record at the Pacific Games, winning five gold medals. They were runners-up in the first three editions of the OFC Nations Cup (1973, 1980, 1996). Tahiti eventually won the competition in 2012, becoming the first team other than Australia and New Zealand to win the title. The feat qualified Tahiti to the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup held in Brazil.
Jamaican Federation of Labour
The Jamaican Federation of Labour was a national trade union federation bringing together trade unions in Jamaica.

In 1917, A. Bain-Alves set up a new union of cigar makers, and led a strike.  Bain-Alves also led strikes of longshoremen, coal heavers and banana carriers, setting up unions for each group of workers.  He also formed unions for tram workers, match makers, and for hotel workers.  The Trade Union Act 1919 legalised unions in Jamaica, although picketing remained illegal, and companies could sue unions or striking workers for breach of contract.

In 1922, Bain-Alves founded the Jamaican Federation of Labor, to bring together the various unions he had founded.  A waiters' union founded by A. J. McGlashan also joined.  The most important of its affiliates was Longshoremen's Union Number One.

The federation espoused a militant approach to trade unionism.  It survived until at least the 1930s.

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
Carlecotes
Carlecotes is a village in the metropolitan borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England.
Carlecotes is within Dunford civil parish. The village is situated at the eastern edge of the Peak District National Park, approximately 4 miles (6 km) west from Penistone, and just over 1 mile (1.6 km) north from the A628 road.

Carlecotes' church, dedicated to St Anne, is in the united benefice of Penistone and Thurlstone, and the Diocese of Sheffield. The church was completed in 1857 as a private chapel to Carlecotes Hall, and is a Grade II listed building. Carlecotes Hall, which dates to the 17th century, is 15 yards (14 m) to the north of the church, and also Grade II listed.

A628 road
The A628 is a major road connecting Greater Manchester and South Yorkshire in Northern England. It crosses the Pennine hills by way of Longdendale and the Woodhead Pass in the Peak District National Park. The road's altitude and exposure to bad weather create problems in winter and the road is sometimes closed due to snow or high winds.
History of English amateur cricket
Cricket, and hence English amateur cricket, probably began in England during the medieval period but the earliest known reference concerns the game being played c.1550 by children on a plot of land at the Royal Grammar School, Guildford, Surrey. It is generally believed that cricket was originally a children's game as it is not until the beginning of the 17th century that reports can be found of adult participation.

Originally, all cricketers were amateurs in the literal sense of the word. Village cricket developed through the 17th century and teams typically comprised players who were all resident in the same village or parish. There is no evidence of professionalism before the English Civil War or during the Commonwealth but legal cases of the period have shown that cricket was played jointly by gentry and workers.

Frederick Ponsonby, 6th Earl of Bessborough
Frederick George Brabazon Ponsonby, 6th Earl of Bessborough (11 September 1815 – 11 March 1895), was an Anglo-Irish peer who played first-class cricket 1834–56 for Surrey, Cambridge Town Club (aka Cambridgeshire), Cambridge University (CUCC) and Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC).
Gamma Ray (song)
"Gamma Ray" is a song by American rock musician Beck. It was released as the second single from his eighth studio album, Modern Guilt, on August 11, 2008. It is seemingly inspired by the surf rock songs of the 1960s, but with ghostly moans and lyrics on the state of the world. The title refers to gamma rays, biologically hazardous energy emitted by radioactive decay. Despite its up-tempo beat, the song lyrics invoke nihilistic or apocalyptic themes, including melting ice caps, boredom, burning houses, crowns of thorns, and natural disasters. The song peaked at number 19 on the U.S. Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart. It was also placed at number 6 on Rolling Stone's list of the 100 Best Songs of 2008.

Jay Reatard
James Lee Lindsey Jr. (May 1, 1980 – January 12, 2010), known professionally as Jay Reatard, was an American musician from Memphis, Tennessee. He was signed to Matador Records. He released recordings as a solo artist and as a member of the Reatards and Lost Sounds.
Reinas de Belleza del Paraguay 2017
The Reinas de Belleza del Paraguay pageant was held at the Gran Nobile Hotel on September 2, 2017, to select Paraguayan representatives to four major beauty pageants: Miss Universe, Miss World, Miss International and Miss Earth. It was broadcast live on Brazilian channel TV UP.

For the first time in its history, the pageant was held in Ciudad del Este, 320 km from the Paraguayan capital. There were two groups of candidates: Miss Universe/International candidates, and Miss World/Earth candidates.

Paraguayans
Paraguayans (Spanish: paraguayos) are the citizens of Paraguay.

Though the majority of Paraguayans reside in Paraguay, significant communities have been established in multiple countries, most noticeably Argentina, Spain, United States, Brazil.
Seinäjoki Crocodiles
The Seinäjoki Crocodiles are an American football team from Seinäjoki, Finland. The team plays in the Finnish Maple League and it has also played in the European Football League. The Crocodiles are one of the top teams in Finland.

European Football League
The European Football League (EFL) established in 1986, was a tournament for the best European American football teams affiliated to IFAF (International Federation of American Football - Europe), which replaced the European Federation of American Football (EFAF) in 2014.

Until 2013, the final game of the EFL was the Eurobowl, which has been held annually since 1986. In 2014, the EFL was replaced as Europe's top-tier club competition by the new BIG6 European Football League and the EFL Bowl was introduced as the new final game of the EFL. The 2018 EFL season was the last edition of the tournament.
Two Pennies Scots
A duty (tax) of Two Pennies Scots per Scots pint of beer was placed on all beer brewed or sold within various towns in Scotland between the 1700s and the early 1800s. It was used to fund various local needs.

Two pennies Scots was equivalent to one-sixth of a penny Sterling. Adjusting for inflation, that is equivalent to £0.3 in 2023.

A Scots pint was equivalent to about three imperial pints or 1.7 litres of beer.

The last remaining Two Pennies Scots Acts were repealed by the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 2013.

Joug
The joug or Scots pint or Scottish pint (Scottish Gaelic: pinnt) was a Scottish unit of liquid volume measurement that was in use from at least 1661 – possibly as early as the 15th century – until the early 19th century, approximately equivalent to 1696 mL or roughly three imperial pints.

The standard was held at Stirling and thereby called the Stirling Jug. It went astray in 1745 and its loss was hidden by replacement by a standard pewter jug of roughly the same size. The error was discovered by Rev Alexander Bryce in 1750, who after a long search found the damaged jug in the attic of a Mr Urquhart, a coppersmith in Stirling, and restored the standard.

Bakers used the measure until the late 19th century.

One joug was sixteen Scottish gills (of approximately 106 mL each)

One joug was four mutchkins (of approximately 424 mL each)

One joug was two chopins (of approximately 848 mL each)

Eight jougs made a Scottish gallon (approximately 13.568 L)
Martin Branick
Martin Branick (born in 1993) is a Danish sport executive and the chief executive officer of the USA Team Handball.  Branick was appointed as USATH event and membership development coordinator in 2021, having previously served as digital development and partnership services manager for Danish football club Vejle Boldklub from 2017 to 2021. Branick was named the permanent CEO of USA Team Handball in July 2023 at the age of 29 as one of the youngest ever to be named the CEO of a United States sports governing body.

A native of Denmark, Branick grew up playing handball and started a collegiate handball club at Kennesaw State University in 2012 while competing at the senior level with Georgia Handball Club. He is a certified Indoor and beach handball referee.

In January 2025, Branick was named to Kennesaw State University’s inaugural 40 Owls under 40 class.

Beach handball
Beach handball is a team sport where two teams pass and bounce or roll a ball, trying to throw it in the goal of the opposing team. The game is similar to standard handball, but it is played on sand instead of on a solid floor. Because the ball loses most of its bounce on sand, there is little to no dribbling, and players instead perform more passing as the rules of travelling still apply.
Bishops Cap
Bishops Cap (9,127 feet (2,782 m)) is located in the Lewis Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. Located above the Garden Wall and straddling the Continental Divide, when viewed from the south at Logan Pass, the peak appears to resemble a Bishop's headwear. The name Bishops Cap is descriptive only. The name has no known origin.

Mitre
The mitre (Commonwealth English) or miter (American English; see spelling differences; both pronounced /ˈmaɪtər/ MY-tər; Greek: μίτρα, romanized: mítra, lit. 'headband') is a type of headgear now known as the traditional, ceremonial headdress of bishops and certain abbots in traditional Christianity. Mitres are worn in the Catholic Church, Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church (IOC), Malankara Syrian Orthodox Church (Jacobites), Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Churches, the Anglican Communion, some Lutheran churches, for important ceremonies, by the Metropolitan of the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church, and also, in the Catholic Church, all cardinals, whether or not bishops, and some Eastern Orthodox archpriests.
André Prokovsky
André Prokovsky (13 January 1939 – 15 August 2009) was a Franco-Russian ballet dancer, choreographer, and company director. Admired as a bravura performer and an innovative choreographer, he had a varied career that was broadly international in scope.

The Australian Ballet
The Australian Ballet (TAB) is the largest classical ballet company in Australia. It was founded by J. C. Williamson Theatres Ltd and the Australian Elizabethan Theatre Trust in 1962, with the English-born dancer, teacher, repetiteur and director Dame Peggy van Praagh as founding artistic director. Today, it is recognised as one of the world's major international ballet companies and performs upwards of 150 performances (both in Australia and overseas) a year.
Alternated hypercubic honeycomb
In geometry, the alternated hypercube honeycomb (or demicubic honeycomb) is a dimensional infinite series of honeycombs, based on the hypercube honeycomb with an alternation operation. It is given a Schläfli symbol h{4,3...3,4} representing the regular form with half the vertices removed and containing the symmetry of Coxeter group  for n ≥ 4. A lower symmetry form  can be created by removing another mirror on an order-4 peak.

The alternated hypercube facets become demihypercubes, and the deleted vertices create new orthoplex facets. The vertex figure for honeycombs of this family are rectified orthoplexes.

These are also named as hδn for an (n−1)-dimensional honeycomb.

Schläfli symbol
In geometry, the Schläfli symbol is a notation of the form {p,q,r, ...}  that defines regular polytopes and tessellations.

The Schläfli symbol is named after the 19th-century Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli, who generalized Euclidean geometry to more than three dimensions and discovered all their convex regular polytopes, including the six that occur in four dimensions.
Civic action program
A civic action program, also known as civic action project, is a type of operation designed to assist an area by using the capabilities and resources of a military force or civilian organization to conduct long-term programs or short-term projects. This type of operations include: dental civic action program (DENTCAP), engineering civic action program (ENCAP), medical civic action program (MEDCAP), and veterinarian civic action program (VETCAP).  Entities of foreign nations usually conduct these operations at the invitation of a host nation.

National Museum of the United States Army
The National Museum of the United States Army is the official museum for the history of the United States Army. It opened on November 11, 2020, and is located on 84 acres at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, 20 miles south of Washington, D.C.  Its stated objectives are to honor America's soldiers, preserve Army history, and educate the public about the Army's role in American history.

Ground was broken for the museum in September 2016, and it was scheduled to open on June 4, 2020. That opening was delayed as some of the gallery finishing work was suspended in response to COVID-19. The U.S. Army announced on April 16, 2020 that the museum would delay its opening due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The main building is approximately 185,000 square feet and displays selections from the United States Army Center of Military History. Outside this facility is a park with gardens and a parade ground. Space is included to accommodate ceremonies, reenactments, lectures, educational programs, and reunions.
Spy Glass Blue
Spy Glass Blue is an American post-punk/new wave/Britpop band formed by Allan Aguirre of Scaterd Few, credited for legitimizing and authenticating the post-punk genre in Christian alternative music (ACM)  much in the same way that Scaterd Few defined punk rock in Contemporary Christian music (CCM). In the words of the Encyclopedia of Contemporary Christian Music, Spy Glass Blue is a "rare example of Christian goth music." As Allan's solo effort shows Allan's artier ("mellower, artistic") side where Scaterd Few showed his edgier side. Aguirre likens the band's presence to the restructuring of other Christian Alternative bands: Mortal to Fold Zandura or the Crucified to Stavesacre.

Christian alternative rock
Christian alternative rock is a form of alternative rock music that is lyrically grounded in a Christian worldview. Some critics have suggested that unlike CCM and older Christian rock, Christian alternative rock generally emphasizes musical style over lyrical content as a defining genre characteristic, though the degree to which the faith appears in the music varies from artist to artist.
Donny Susetyo
Donny Susetyo (born 28 March 1974) is an Indonesian former professional tennis player.

Susetyo represented Indonesia in various multi-sport events during his career and played in four Davis Cup ties for Indonesia as a doubles player. He competed for Indonesia at the 1993 Universiade, won three medals at the 1993 Southeast Asian Games and two medals at the 1994 Asian Games.

While competing on the professional tennis tour, Susetyo had a best singles ranking of 677 in the world and appeared in the main draw of the 1995 edition of the Indonesia Open.

1993 SEA Games
The 1993 Southeast Asian Games, officially known as the 17th Southeast Asian Games, were a multi-sport event held in Singapore from 12 to 20 June 1993 with 29 sports featured in this edition. The games were opened by Wee Kim Wee, the President of Singapore. This was the third time Singapore hosted the games, after 1983 and 1973 competition. The final medal tally was led by Indonesia, followed by Thailand, the Philippines and host Singapore.
Antonio Grajera
Antonio Grajera was a soldier and early Californian pioneer.

Grajera became a Spanish frontier soldier around 1778, and was eventually promoted to Lieutenant in the Espana dragoon regiment. He never saw active service, but was "capable in his duties".

Grajera was appointed as Commandant of the Presidio of San Diego on October 19, 1793. George Vancouver visited San Diego Bay approximately a month later as part of the Vancouver Expedition and was greeted by Grajera and others.

Grajera had no family and his illicit relationships with the women of the presidio, and excessive use of alcohol, caused some scandal. He resigned on August 23, 1799, and never resumed his office.

George Vancouver
Captain George Vancouver (/vænˈkuːvər/; 22 June 1757 – 10 May 1798) was a Royal Navy officer and explorer best known for leading the Vancouver Expedition, which explored and charted North America's northwestern Pacific Coast regions, including the coasts of what became the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. states of Alaska, Washington, Oregon and California. The expedition also explored the Hawaiian Islands and the southwest coast of Australia.

Various places named for Vancouver include Vancouver Island, the city of Vancouver in British Columbia, Vancouver River on the Sunshine Coast of British Columbia, Vancouver, Washington, in the United States, Mount Vancouver on the Canadian–US border between Yukon and Alaska, and New Zealand's fourth-highest mountain, also Mount Vancouver.
Kreiss matrix theorem
In matrix analysis, Kreiss matrix theorem relates the so-called Kreiss constant of a matrix with the power iterates of this matrix. It was originally introduced by Heinz-Otto Kreiss to analyze the stability of finite difference methods for partial difference equations.

Hurwitz-stable matrix
In mathematics, a Hurwitz-stable matrix,
or more commonly simply Hurwitz matrix,
is a square matrix whose eigenvalues all have strictly negative real part. Some authors also use the term stability matrix. Such matrices play an important role in control theory.
Delissea subcordata
Delissea subcordata is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae known by the common names Koʻolau Range delissea and oha. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Oahu. It is now only found in the Waianae Mountains, and it is believed to be extirpated from the Koʻolau Range, where it once occurred. As of 2008 there were 40 individuals remaining, 28 of which were mature plants. This plant was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 1996.

This Hawaiian lobelioid is a shrub which grows up to 3 meters tall and bears white or greenish flowers. It grows in moist forest habitat. Other plants in the forests include ohia lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha) and koa (Acacia koa), which dominate the canopy, and Ēlama (Diospyros hillebrandii), papala kepau (Pisonia spp.), and ʻĀlaʻa (Planchonella sandwicensis) in the understory.

Threats to this rare species and its ecosystem include feral goats and pigs.

Pisonia
Pisonia is a genus of flowering plants in the four o'clock flower family, Nyctaginaceae. It was named for Dutch physician and naturalist Willem Piso (1611–1678). Certain species in this genus are known as catchbirdtrees, birdcatcher trees or birdlime trees because they catch birds.  The sticky seeds are postulated to be an adaptation of some island species that ensures the dispersal of seeds between islands by attaching them to birds, and also allows the enriching of coralline sands.  (Should a fledgling fall to the ground, become entangled in the Pisonia's sticky seeds, and be unable to free itself, then it will starve, and so enrich the soil within the tree's rootzone.) These island species include P. brunoniana of Australasia and Polynesia and P. umbellifera, which is widespread in the tropical Indo-Pacific region.
State highways in Virginia
The state highway system of the U.S. state of Virginia is a network of roads maintained by the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT). As of 2006, the VDOT maintains 57,867 miles (93,128 km) of state highways, making it the third-largest system in the United States.

Virginia Department of Transportation
The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) is the agency of the state government responsible for transportation in the state of Virginia in the United States. The Virginia Department of Transportation is headquartered at the Virginia Department of Highways Building in Downtown Richmond. VDOT is responsible for building, maintaining, and operating the roads, bridges, and tunnels in the commonwealth. It is overseen by the Commonwealth Transportation Board, which has the power to fund airports, seaports, rail, and public transportation.

The Virginia Department of Transportation's revised annual budget for fiscal year 2019 is $5.4 billion.

The Virginia Department of Transportation has a workforce of about 7,500 full-time employees.
BOx (psychedelics)
BOx, also known as β-oxygenated- and ring-substituted phenethylamines, are a group of psychedelic and other psychoactive drugs of the phenethylamine family. They have either a hydroxy group or methoxy group at the β position of the alkyl side chain as well as additional substitutions at the 2 through 5 positions of the phenyl ring.

Certain BOx drugs like BOB (β-methoxy-2C-B) have been found to act as serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists.

The BOx drugs were described in the scientific literature by Alexander Shulgin, Peyton Jacob III, and Darrell Lemaire in 1985. They were subsequently further described by Shulgin in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved). Additional BOx drugs like BOH-2C-B (BOHB; β-hydroxy-2C-B) and 3C-BOH (β-methoxy-MDA; BOMDA) were later described by Daniel Trachsel in 2013. In addition, BOHB emerged as a novel designer drug.

Daniel Trachsel
Daniel Trachsel is a Swiss chemist who studies psychedelics and entactogens. He has developed and published on a large number of novel psychedelic and entactogen compounds, including their psychoactive effects. This has been in a manner similar to that of the psychedelic chemist Alexander Shulgin, which has caused Trachsel to sometimes be referred to as the "German Shulgin". However, unlike Shulgin, Trachsel has distanced himself from any personal self-experiments.

According to Hamilton Morris and Nick Cozzi in mid-2023, Trachel's book Phenethylamine: von der Struktur zur Funktion (Phenethylamines: From Structure to Function) is in the process of being translated into English. It is being translated by the Alexander Shulgin Research Institute (ASRI), with tentative publication by Transform Press, and also independently by chemist David Carlson.