hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nicholas Sekunda
Nicholas Victor Sekunda (born 5 November 1953) is an archaeologist and historian.  He is currently the Head of the Department of Mediterranean Archaeology at the University of Gdańsk.  His areas of research include war in antiquity, the Achaemenid Empire (First Persian Empire), the Hellenistic era after the conquests of Alexander the Great, the Hellenistic armies of the Greek successor states (diadochi), and the History of Crete.

Diadochi
The Diadochi were the rival generals, families, and friends of Alexander the Great who fought for control over his empire after his death in 323 BC. The Wars of the Diadochi mark the beginning of the Hellenistic period from the Mediterranean Sea to the Indus River Valley.

The most notable Diadochi include Ptolemy, Antigonus, Cassander, and Seleucus as the last remaining at the end of the Wars of the Successors, ruling in Egypt, Asia-Minor, Macedon and Persia respectively, with Ptolemaic, Antigonid and Seleucid dynasties lasting several centuries.
Agreement forest
In the mathematical field of graph theory, an agreement forest for two given (leaf-labeled, irreductible) trees is any (leaf-labeled, irreductible) forest which can, informally speaking, be obtained from both trees by removing a common number of edges.

Agreement forests first arose when studying combinatorial problems related to computational phylogenetics, in particular tree rearrangements.

Tree rearrangement
Tree rearrangements are deterministic algorithms devoted to search for optimal phylogenetic tree structure. They can be applied to any set of data that are naturally arranged into a tree, but have most applications in computational phylogenetics, especially in maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood searches of phylogenetic trees, which seek to identify one among many possible trees that best explains the evolutionary history of a particular gene or species.
Chain Lightning (1950 film)
Chain Lightning is a 1950 American aviation film. The screenplay was written by Liam O'Brien and Vincent B. Evans, who had been a bombardier on the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Memphis Belle during World War II, based on the story "These Many Years" by blacklisted communist writer Lester Cole (under the pseudonym J. Redmond Prior). Cole's credit on the film was officially restored by the Writers Guild of America in 1997.

The film stars Humphrey Bogart as a test pilot along with Eleanor Parker and Raymond Massey. It is one of Bogart's final [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros. films, ending a 20-year association.

Lester Cole
Lester Cole (June 19, 1904 – August 15, 1985) was an American screenwriter. He was one of the Hollywood Ten, a group of screenwriters and directors who were cited for contempt of Congress and blacklisted for their refusal to testify regarding their alleged involvement with the Communist Party.
Letters to Family, Friends, and Editors
Letters to Family, Friends, and Editors is a book collecting some of Franz Kafka's letters from 1900 to 1924. The majority of the letters in the volume are addressed to Max Brod. Originally published in Germany in 1959 as Briefe 1902-1924, the collection was first published in English by Schocken Books in 1977. It was translated by Richard and Clara Winston.

Schocken Books
Schocken Books is a book publishing imprint of Penguin Random House that specializes in Jewish literary works. Originally established in 1931 by Salman Schocken as Schocken Verlag in Berlin, the company later moved to Israel and then the United States, and was acquired by Random House in 1987.
Lusignan Palace
35°10′41″N 33°21′39″E﻿ / ﻿35.1781°N 33.3609°E﻿ / 35.1781; 33.3609

The Lusignan Palace was a Gothic-style royal residence in Nicosia, Cyprus, built in the 15th century. Serving as the seat of power for the Kings of Cyprus, and later for Venetian and Ottoman governors, the palace stood prominently on the northwest side of Sarayönü Square. It dominated the area until its demolition in 1904, when the British replaced it with the Nicosia Law Courts building, which still stands there.

Seraglio
A seraglio, serail, seray or saray (from Persian: سرای, romanized: sarāy, lit. 'palace', via Turkish, Italian and French) is a castle, palace or government building which was considered to have particular administrative importance in various parts of the former Ottoman Empire.

"The Seraglio" may refer specifically to the Topkapı Palace, the residence of the former Ottoman sultans in Istanbul (known as Constantinople in English at the time of Ottoman rule).
The term can also refer to other traditional Turkish palaces (every imperial prince had his own) and other grand houses built around courtyards.
SK Senco Doubravka
SK Senco Doubravka is a football club located in Plzeň, Czech Republic. The club plays in the Czech Fourth Division as of the 2020–21 season. The club was relegated from Divize A in the Czech Fourth Division at the end of the 2010–11 season, but won promotion back to the same division the following season.

Czech Fourth Division
The Czech Fourth Division (Czech: Divize) is the fourth tier of football in the Czech Republic. The level consists of six divisions, named Divize A-F, each holding 16 teams. The top teams from Divize A, B and C are promoted to the Bohemian Football League while the top teams from Divize D, E and F are promoted to the Moravian–Silesian Football League. The number of relegated teams varies between the divisions, the destination of the relegated teams is one of the 14 Regional Divisions at level 5 of the pyramid.

Between the 2014–15 season and the end of the 2020–21 season, the format of the three Bohemian divisions (A, B and C) differed, in that it did not allow draws. If a match is tied, the winner was decided by a penalty shootout. The winner of the shootout got two points and the loser got one. In July 2021, points were reset to 3 points for a win and 1 point for a draw.
Nandu Nandkishore
Nandu Nandkishore (Doreswamy Nandkishore; born 30 September 1958) is an Indian business executive, venture capitalist and business school professor. He is the retired Global CEO of Nestlé Nutrition, and retired executive vice president and head of Asia Oceania, Africa of Nestlé S.A, Switzerland. He presently serves as an independent director on the board of several companies, and is a professor of practice at Indian School of Business and a guest lecturer at London Business School.

London Business School
London Business School (LBS) is a business school and a constituent college of the federal University of London. LBS was founded in 1964 and awards post-graduate degrees (Master's degrees in management and finance, MBA and PhD). Its motto is "To have a profound impact on the way the world does business".

London Business School's main campus is located at Sussex Place in London, adjacent to Regent's Park. In 2012, it expanded its teaching facilities by 70% by acquiring the Marylebone Town Hall (now The Sammy Ofer Centre), and in 2017 the neighboring Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. LBS has a secondary campus in Dubai that is dedicated to the Dubai EMBA and Executive Education.
River Valley High School attack
On 19 July 2021, a 13-year-old Secondary One male student named Ethan Hun Zhe Kai (Chinese: 韩喆凯; pinyin: Hán Zhékǎi) was struck to death with a combat fire fighting axe at River Valley High School in Boon Lay, Singapore, in a reportedly unprecedented incident in the history of Singapore. The perpetrator, a 16-year-old Secondary Four male student, was arrested for Hun's murder shortly afterwards. He was sentenced to 16 years' imprisonment on 1 December 2023 after his initial charge of murder was downgraded to manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility.

Boon Lay
Boon Lay (simplified Chinese: 文礼; traditional Chinese: 文禮, Tamil: பூன் லே) is a neighbourhood located in the town of Jurong West in the West Region of Singapore. Its borders very roughly correspond to the URA subzone of Boon Lay Place, situated within the Jurong West Planning Area.
Cosmopterix orichalcea
Cosmopterix orichalcea is a moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is known from most of Europe (except the Balkan Peninsula) east to Japan.

The wingspan is about 9 mm. The antennae with  apex and two subapical rings white. Forewings black; a large brassy-metallic basal patch, edge very oblique; a broad orange fascia beyond middle, narrowed dorsally, edged with black scales and then with narrow violet-golden-metallic fasciae; a bluish-silvery-metallic sometimes interrupted streak along upper. The larva is pale yellow; dorsal line greenish; head black plate of 2 black, bisected.

Adults are on wing from August to May. Then the larva hibernates outside of the mine in a hibernaculum.

The larvae feed on Anthoxanthum odoratum, Festuca arundinacea, Hierochloe odorata, Milium species, Phalaris arundinacea and Phragmites australis. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Cosmopterigidae
The Cosmopterigidae  are a family of insects (cosmet moths) in the order Lepidoptera. These are small moths with narrow wings whose tiny larvae feed internally on the leaves, seeds and stems of their host plants. About 1500 species have been described. The taxonomic family is most diverse in the Australian and Pacific region with about 780 species.

Several genera formerly included here have been moved to the Agonoxeninae.
Thomas G. Reynolds
Thomas G. Reynolds (born December 16, 1956) is a former American politician who served in the Wisconsin State Senate, representing the 5th district. He is a former member of the Republican Party of Wisconsin.

Reynolds was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and graduated from Nathan Hale High School in 1975. In addition to serving in the state senate, Reynolds is the owner of a printing business and an organic-practicing farm. He has five children.

Reynolds was elected to the Wisconsin Senate in 2002 after defeating incumbent Sen. Peggy Rosenzweig, who Reynolds claimed was too liberal, in the Republican primary that April. Before his defeat in 2006, he sat on the Committee on Housing and Financial Institutions, the Committee on Job Creation, Economic Development and Consumer Affairs, the Joint Committee for Review of Administrative Rules, and chaired the Committee on Labor and Election Process Reform.   He was defeated in his bid for re-election by Democrat Jim Sullivan.

Nathan Hale High School (Wisconsin)
Nathan Hale High School is a public high school in West Allis, Wisconsin, located on Lincoln Avenue and South 116th Street. The school boundaries are the City of West Allis, Village of West Milwaukee as well as portions of New Berlin and Greenfield.

Nathan Hale High School runs on a 50-minute, 8 period, 2 semester schedule. The faculty is made of more than 100 faculty members including 5 guidance counselors and 6 administrators. Nathan Hale High School offers organizations including FBLA, Nathan Hale Mentors, HOSA, and DECA as well as clubs, such as Students for Saving the Earth, Key Club, DART, Bowling Club, Forensics, National Honor Society, German, French and Spanish Honors Societies, Drama Club, Magic the Gathering Club, Video Game Club, and more. Nathan Hale's rival is the West Allis Central Bulldogs.
Star domain
In geometry, a set  in the Euclidean space  is called a star domain (or star-convex set, star-shaped set  or radially convex set) if there exists an  such that for all  the line segment from  to  lies in  This definition is immediately generalizable to any real, or complex, vector space.

Intuitively, if one thinks of  as a region surrounded by a wall,  is a star domain if one can find a vantage point  in  from which any point  in  is within line-of-sight. A similar, but distinct, concept is that of a radial set.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
Kalika (film)
Kalika (transl. Flower bud) is a 1980 Indian Malayalam-language drama film written and directed by Balachandra Menon and produced by Krishnaswamy Reddiar. The film stars Sheela, Sukumaran, Adoor Bhasi and Venu Nagavally. The musical score was composed by G. Devarajan.

Venu Nagavally
Venu Nagavally (16 April 1949 – 10 September 2010) was an Indian actor, screenwriter and director best known for his work in Malayalam film industry. The son of writer, commentator, and broadcaster Nagavally R. S. Kurup,  Venu Nagavally made his film debut with Ulkkadal, where he played the role of an idealistic lover. He was considered a handsome lead in his early career, often appearing as a romantic youth. His soft demeanor also made him well-suited for melancholic characters. Later in his career, he shifted to supporting roles. Having acted in over 50 films, he went on to direct 12 films, the majority of  which were critically and commercially successful, including Sukhamo Devi (1986), Sarvakalashala (1987), Lal Salam (1990), and Aye Auto (1990), Aayirappara (1993). Venu Nagavally died at Thiruvananthapuram on 9 September 2010.
Aram G. Sargsyan
Aram Gaspari Sargsyan (Armenian: Արամ Գասպարի Սարգսյան; born August 14, 1949, Yerevan, Armenian SSR, Soviet Union) is an Armenian politician, social-democratic activist and former communist. He was the last leader of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic.

From 1967 to 1972 he studied at Yerevan State Linguistic University, then at Moscow Higher Komsomol School. Sargsyan worked in different factories. In the 1970–80s he was a correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda and Pravda in Armenia. In 1990 Sargsyan was the secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Armenia. From May 14, 1991 to September 7, 1991, he was the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Armenia. After the dissolution of the communist party, he founded the Democratic Party of Armenia, which he has led since 1991. He was a member of Armenian parliament in 2003–2007 as a member of the parliamentary bloc Ardarutyun ("Justice").

Komsomolskaya Pravda
Komsomolskaya Pravda (Russian: Комсомольская правда; lit. 'Komsomol Truth') is a daily Russian tabloid newspaper that was founded in 1925. Its name is in reference to the official Soviet newspaper Pravda (English: 'Truth').
Tui (name)
Tui is a (usually) female given name and nickname among the Māori people of New Zealand. It is also Polynesian and Fijian male given name, often coming from the noble title Tu'i.  People with this name include:

Tu'i
Tu'i, also spelled more simplistically Tui, is a Polynesian traditional title for tribal chiefs or princes. In translations, the highest such positions are often rendered as "king". For details, see the links below various polities. Traditionally, a Tui is an equivalent of God title. Origin of Tui is believed to be Tui Manu'a (the title given to the son of the Polynesian God Tagaloa, and therefore Tui were viewed as living Gods).
Türisalu Landscape Conservation Area
Türisalu Landscape Conservation Area is a nature park which is located in Harju County, Estonia.

The area of the nature park is 97 ha.

The protected area was founded in 1991 to protect Türisalu Cliff and its biodiversity. In 2005, the protected area was designated to the landscape conservation area.

Nature park
A nature park, or sometimes natural park, is a designation for a protected area by means of long-term land planning, sustainable resource management and limitation of agricultural and real estate developments. These valuable landscapes are preserved in their present ecological state and promoted for ecotourism purposes.

In most countries nature parks are subject to legally regulated protection, which is part of their conservation laws.

In terms of level of protection, a category "Nature Park" is not the same as a "National Park", which is defined by the IUCN and its World Commission on Protected Areas as a category II protected area. 
A "Nature Park" designation, depending on local specifics, falls between category III and category VI according to IUCN categorization, in most cases closer to category VI.
However some nature parks have later been turned into national parks.
Fritz Lange (surgeon)
Fritz Lange (21 June 1864 in Dessau – 19 November 1952 in Wackersberg) was a German orthopedic surgeon.

He studied medicine at the universities of Jena, Leipzig and Munich, receiving his doctorate in 1892. He furthered his education in Rostock and Strasbourg, where he was pupil of Otto Wilhelm Madelung. In 1895 he studied orthopedics under Adolf Lorenz in Vienna, and during the following year, obtained his habilitation for orthopedic surgery. In 1908 he became a full professor of orthopedics at the University of Munich.

In 1909 he was named president of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Orthopädische Chirurgie (German Society for Orthopedic Surgery). He was an editor of the periodical "Münchener Medizinischen Wochenschrift" (Munich Medical Weekly).

He made contributions in his research of congenital hip dislocation, torticollis, scoliosis and spinal tuberculosis. He is remembered for his pioneer work with tendon transplants and artificial ligaments (made of silk).

Dessau
Dessau is a district of the independent city of Dessau-Roßlau in Saxony-Anhalt at the confluence of the rivers Mulde and Elbe, in the Bundesland (Federal State) of Saxony-Anhalt. Until 1 July 2007, it was an independent city. The population of Dessau is 67,747 (Dec. 2020).
White Prayer
"White Prayer" is the 9th physical single and 10th overall maxi single from Alice Nine. It was officially released on June 6, 2007.

The single was released in two versions: a limited edition and a regular edition. The limited edition features two songs, "White Prayer" and "Stray Cat," as well as a DVD with the music video for "White Prayer." The regular edition does not include the DVD but features a bonus track, "The Last Empire."

White Prayer is also one in four songs to be included in Alice Nine's second album Alpha and was released November 28, 2007.
White Prayer peaked at #11 on the Japanese Oricon weekly charts, and peaked at #12 on the daily Oricon charts.

Maxi single
A maxi single, maxi-single, or maxi CD (sometimes abbreviated to MCD or CDM) is a music single release with more than the usual two tracks of an A-side song and a B-side song. Maxi singles are often mistaken for extended plays (EPs), especially in the digital era such as the categorization on iTunes, Apple Music, or Spotify. An EP usually consists at least four different "songs" without any specific A-side, while a maxi-single may contain four or more tracks but only in form of remixes to complement one or two songs as the A-side. Billboard considers EPs for albums chart (Billboard 200) and considers maxi-singles for songs chart (Billboard Hot 100).
Amjad Ali (Assam politician)
Mohammad Amjad Ali (born 26 September 1903, date of death unknown), commonly known as Amjad Ali, was an Indian politician and lawyer of the Supreme Court of India who served parliament member twice collectively from 1952 to 1962, and represented Dhubri constituency after he was elected in the first and second general elections. He was affiliated with the Praja Socialist Party.

Dhubri Lok Sabha constituency
Dhubri Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha constituencies in Assam state in north-eastern India. Dhubri consists of 11 assembly segments of Lower Assam, covering all of South Salmara-Mankachar District and Dhubri districts parts of Goalpara district parts of Bongaigaon district and parts of Barpeta district. With an estimated population of 5 million residents Dhubri Lok Sabha constituency has 2.6 million registered voters. Dhubri Lok Sabha constituency is the most populated constituency in the entire North-East region of India.
Natasha Bowdoin
Natasha Bowdoin (born 1981) is an American artist. She was born in West Kennebunk, Maine, but now works and lives in Houston, Texas. She is known for her three-dimensional paper collages that explore the intersection of literature, visual art, and nature. Many of her installations are done on a large-scale, which creates an immersive experience that forces her viewer to challenge their relationship with the natural world. Bowdoin credits her childhood spent roaming the wilderness of Maine—and love of fantastical literary works like Alice in Wonderland—as her works' inspiration.

Bowdoin is currently working as an associate professor at Rice University. She earned her BA in Classics and Studio Art from Brandeis University (2003) and then went on to obtain a MFA from Tyler School of Art (2007). In addition, she has completed several residencies and created a public artwork for Rice University.

Tyler School of Art and Architecture
The Tyler School of Art and Architecture, frequently referred to by community members as simply Tyler, is part of Temple University, a large, urban, public research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Tyler currently enrolls about 1,350 undergraduate students and about 200 graduate students in a wide variety of academic degree programs, including architecture, art education, art history, art therapy, ceramics, city and regional planning, community arts practices, community development, facilities management, fibers and material studies, glass, graphic and interactive design, historic preservation, horticulture, landscape architecture, metals/jewelry/CAD-CAM, painting, photography, printmaking, sculpture and visual studies.

Susan E. Cahan, has been Tyler's dean since 2017. It was formerly known as the Stella Elkins Tyler School of Fine Arts, and Tyler School of Art.
Onyeka Igwe
Onyeka IgweListenⓘ (born 1986), is a British-Nigerian artist, mostly working in film based media.

Her works have been screened at MoMA, Black Radical Imagination, Institute of Contemporary Art (2017), Dhaka Art Summit (2020), London Film Festival 2015 and 2020, Open City Documentary Festival 2021 and 2022, Rotterdam International, Netherlands (2018–2020), Edinburgh Artist Moving Image (2016), Scotiabank Contact Photography Festival, Images Festival (2019), Camden Arts Centre and Smithsonian African American film festival (2018).

Dhaka Art Summit
Dhaka Art Summit is an art summit held in Dhaka, Bangladesh and is organised by Samdani Art Foundation, a non- profit art infrastructure development organisation founded by Nadia Samdani and Rajeeb Samdani in 2011.