hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bathtub curve
In reliability engineering and deterioration modeling, a bathtub curve is a failure rate graph that curves up at both ends, similar in shape to a bathtub. The term can also apply to any graph with this shape.

Many but not all electronic consumer product life cycles follow the bathtub curve. It is difficult to know where a product is along the bathtub curve, or even if the bathtub curve is applicable to a certain product without large numbers of products in use and associated failure rate data.

In reliability engineering, the cumulative distribution function corresponding to a bathtub curve may be analysed using a Weibull chart or in a reliability contour map.

Bathtub
A bathtub, also abbreviated as bath or tub, is a container for holding water in which a person or another animal may bathe. Modern bathtubs can be made of thermoformed acrylic, porcelain-enameled steel or cast iron, or fiberglass-reinforced polyester. A bathtub is usually placed in a bathroom, either as a stand-alone fixture or in conjunction with shower plumbing.
BG Group
BG Group plc was a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in Reading, Berkshire, England. On 8 April 2015, Royal Dutch Shell announced that it had reached an agreement to acquire BG Group for $70 billion, subject to regulatory and shareholder agreement. The sale was completed on 15 February 2016. Prior to the takeover, BG Group was listed on the London Stock Exchange (BG.L) and was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. In the 2015 Forbes Global 2000, BG Group was ranked as the 583rd largest public company in the world.

Prior to its acquisition by Shell, BG Group had operations in 25 countries across six continents and produced around 680,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day. It had a major liquefied natural gas (LNG) business and was the largest supplier of LNG to the United States. As at 31 December 2009, it had total proven commercial reserves of 2.6 billion barrels (410,000,000 m3) of oil equivalent.

FTSE 100 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE or, informally, the "Footsie" /ˈfʊtsi/, is one of the United Kingdom's best-known stock market indices and represents the 100 most highly capitalised blue chips listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Disease (Matchbox Twenty song)
"Disease" is the first single released from American rock band Matchbox Twenty's third album, More Than You Think You Are. The track was co-written by Matchbox Twenty lead singer Rob Thomas and Rolling Stones frontman Mick Jagger. Released on September 30, 2002, the song peaked at number 29 on the US Billboard Hot 100. "Disease" was one of two songs written by Thomas and presented to Jagger while he was producing his solo album Goddess in the Doorway, alongside "Visions of Paradise". Jagger returned "Disease" to Thomas, saying, "It sounds like you. It's your song."

Goddess in the Doorway
Goddess in the Doorway is the fourth solo album by Mick Jagger, released in 2001. The most recent offering from Jagger as a solo artist, it marked his first release with Virgin Records, with whom he has been contracted as a member of the Rolling Stones since 1991.
Gahendra Rifle
The Gahendra Rifle is a .577/450 Martini–Henry breech loading military rifle manufactured by gunsmiths of the Nepal Army under the direction of General Gehendra Shamsher JBR in the early 1880s. The design is a modified version of the 1869 Westley Richards patented design.

Westley Richards
Westley Richards is a British manufacturer of guns and rifles and also a well established gunsmith. The company was founded in 1812 by William Westley Richards, who was responsible for the early innovation of many rifles used in wars featuring the British Army during the 1800s. It remained in the hands of the Richards family until it was purchased by Walter Clode in 1957. Currently the company has two listed directors, Alexander Clode and Sheikh Sultan Bin Jassim Al Thani of Qatar.    The company has received a number of royal warrants since 1840.

Famous gun owners have included Ernest Hemingway, Maharaja of Alwar and actor Stewart Granger. Today, Westley Richards is one of the oldest surviving traditional gun and rifle makers in England. In 2009, the company diversified into a number of other markets, including country clothing.
Cadwalader Hughes
Cadwalader Hughes was a Welsh Anglican priest in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.

Hughes was educated at Balliol College, Oxford. He held livings at Heathfield, Bridgwater, Skilgate and Milverton. He was  Archdeacon of Llandaff from 1601 to 1616.

Milverton, Somerset
Milverton is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England, situated in the valley of the River Tone 5 miles (8.0 km) west of Taunton. The village has a population of 1,438. The parish includes the hamlet of Preston Bowyer.

It has one public house, The Globe (The White Hart public house closed in March 2008), a convenience store, a piano dealership and workshop, a post office, a taxi service and a hairdresser.
1968 Arizona House of Representatives election
The 1968 Arizona House of Representatives elections were held on November 5, 1968. Voters elected all 60 members of the Arizona House of Representatives in multi-member districts to serve a two-year term. The elections coincided with the elections for other offices, including Governor, U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and State Senate.

Primary elections were held on September 10, 1968.

Prior to the elections, the Republicans held a majority of 33 seats over the Democrats' 27 seats.

Following the elections, Republicans maintained control of the chamber and expanded their majority to 34 Republicans to 26 Democrats, a net gain of one seat for Republicans.

The newly elected members served in the 29th Arizona State Legislature, during which Republican John H. Haugh was chosen as Speaker of the Arizona House.

29th Arizona State Legislature
The 29th Arizona State Legislature, consisting of the Arizona State Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives, was constituted in Phoenix from January 1, 1969, to December 31, 1970, during Jack Williams' second term as Governor of Arizona. The number of senators remained constant at 30, and the members of the house of representatives also held steady at 60. The Republicans picked up a single seat in the Senate, giving them a 17–13 edge in the upper house, and the Republicans also gained one seat in the lower house, increasing their margin to 34–26.
Susman (film)
Susman (Hindi pronunciation: [sʊsmən]; transl. Essence) is a 1987 Hindi film directed by Shyam Benegal. The film highlighted the struggle of rural handloom weavers in the wake of rapid industrialization.

The film was selected for the Indian Panorama at Filmotsav 1987, invited to the London Film Festival, the Chicago Film Festival, the Vancouver International Film Festival, the Sydney and Melbourne Film Festivals 1987. It was remade as Kanchivaram in Tamil by Priyadarshan.

The film features poetry by the Indian mystic saint Kabir, who was born into a family of weavers, sung by Pandit Jasraj.

Loom
A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry. The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads. The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but the basic function is the same.
The Hitching Post
The Hitching Post and The Hitching Post II are upscale American steakhouse restaurants located in Santa Barbara County, California, in California's Central Coast region. They are best known for their Santa Maria-style barbecue restaurants popular in the area.

Steakhouse
A steakhouse, steak house, or chophouse is a restaurant that specializes in steaks and chops. Modern steakhouses may also carry other cuts of meat including poultry, roast prime rib, and veal, as well as fish and other seafood.
Dong Liqiang
Dong Liqiang (Chinese: 董礼强; born 20 August 1965 in Liaoning) is a Chinese assistant football coach and a former international player.

As a player he won six league titles and the 1989-90 Asian Club Championship with Liaoning FC before ending his career with Shenzhen Ping'an. While internationally he represented China in the 1988 Asian Cup and 1992 Asian Cup. Since retiring he moved to assistant management and had coached Shenyang, Nanjing Yoyo F.C., Shenzhen Ping'an Kejian, Liaoning FC and Henan Jianye.

Chinese FA Cup
The Chinese FA Cup (Chinese: 中国足协杯, abbreviated as CFA Cup) is the national knockout cup competition in China organized by the Chinese Football Association. The current holders are Beijing Guoan, having beaten Henan in 2025 for their sixth title.
Riigikogu electoral district no. 8
Electoral district no. 8 (Estonian: Valimisringkond nr 8) is one of the 12 multi-member electoral districts of the Riigikogu, the national legislature of Estonia. The district was established as electoral district no. 7 in 1995 following the re-organisation of electoral districts. It was renamed electoral district no. 8 in 2003 following another re-organisation of electoral districts. It is conterminous with the counties of Järva and Viljandi. The district currently elects seven of the 101 members of the Riigikogu using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 parliamentary election it had 61,657 registered electors.

Helmen Kütt
Helmen Kütt (born 28 July 1961) is an Estonian Social Democratic Party politician. She was the Minister of Social Protection in Taavi Rõivas´cabinet between 26 March 2014 and 30 March 2015. In the parliament Kütt represents the electoral district of Järva- and Viljandimaa .

Before entering into national politics, Kütt worked as the head of a Social Commity in Viljandi.
Tony Hawk's Underground 2: Remix
Tony Hawk's Underground 2: Remix is a skateboarding video game in the Tony Hawk's series. The game, developed by Neversoft and Shaba Games and published by Activision, was released on March 24, 2005, as a launch title for the PlayStation Portable. Primarily a port of its console counterpart, the game featured a different progression, with four exclusive levels (Santa Cruz, Atlanta, Kyoto and Las Vegas), exclusive characters, and new cutscenes. "Create-a-Park" was notably absent in the game, with some graphics and other aspects toned-down from the console version.

Porting
In software development, porting is the process of adapting software to run in a different context. Often it involves modifying source code so that a program can run on a different platform (i.e. on a different CPU or operating system) or in a different environment (i.e. with a different library or framework). It also describes adapting a change or feature from one codebase to another – even between different versions of the same software.

Software is classified as portable if it can be hosted in a different context with no change to the source code. It might be considered portable if the cost of adapting it to a context is significantly less than the cost of writing it from scratch. The lower the cost of porting relative to the cost to re-write, the more portable it is said to be. The effort depends on several factors including the extent to which the original context differs from the new context, the skill of the programmers, and the portability of the codebase.
Wadi Abu Rish Air Base
Wadi Abu Rish Air Base is an Air base of the Egyptian Air Force located 43 miles (69 km) east of Biba, Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt.

The base is home to 42 Squadron which flies the Mikoyan MiG-29M/M2 as part of 104 Tactical Fighter Wing of 149 Air Division and the Aviation and Training Center which also files the MiG-29M/M2.

Air base
An airbase or air base, sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for operating military aircraft.
Ernst Streeruwitz
Ernst Streeruwitz (born Ernst Streer Ritter von Streeruwitz 23 September 1874 – 19 October 1952) was an Austrian military officer, businessman, political scientist and politician. A member of the industrialist wing of the Christian Social Party, Streeruwitz served on the National Council from November 1923 to October 1930 and as chancellor and foreign minister from May to September 1929.

Austrian Parliament
The Austrian Parliament (German: Parlament Österreich) is the bicameral federal legislature of Austria. It consists of two chambers – the National Council and the Federal Council. In specific cases, both houses convene as the Federal Assembly. The legislature meets in the Austrian Parliament Building in Vienna.
TER Franche-Comté
TER Franche-Comté was the regional rail network serving the Franche-Comté région, France. In 2017 it was merged into the new TER Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

Since the convention signed in 2002 for a duration of 5 years, between Jean-François Humbert, then president of the Regional council of Franche-Comté and Noël Belin, then regional director of the SNCF, the regional council of Franche-Comté is the organising authority of regional transports. A new agreement, signed on 21 December 2006, by Raymond Forni, president of the Conseil Régional de Franche-Comté and Josiane Beaud, regional directeur of the SNCF, en présence d'Anne-Marie Idrac, présidente of the SNCF, from 2007 to 2012.

Anne-Marie Idrac
Anne-Marie Idrac (born 27 July 1951 in Saint-Brieuc, Côtes-d'Armor) is a French politician of the Nouveau Centre political party who served as Minister of State for Foreign Trade in the government of Prime Minister François Fillon from 2008 to 2010.
Guarumal, Chiriquí
Guarumal is a corregimiento in Alanje District, Chiriquí Province, Panama. It has a land area of 91.4 square kilometres (35.3 sq mi) and had a population of 2,743 as of 2023, giving it a population density of 30.0 inhabitants per square kilometre (78/sq mi). Its population as of 2010 was 2,418; its population as of 2000 was 2,092.

Corregimientos of Panama
In Panama, a corregimiento is a subdivision of a district, which in turn is a subdivision of a province. It is the smallest administrative division level in the country; which is further subdivided into populated places/centres. As of 2012, Panama is subdivided into a total of 693 corregimientos, since several of these were created in the province of Bocas del Toro and the indigenous region (comarca indígena) of Ngäbe-Buglé.
James Burt (cricketer)
James Burt (28 October 1792 – 4 September 1858) was an English amateur cricketer who played from 1825 to 1832. He was mainly associated with Hampshire and Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), of which he was a member. He made 13 known appearances in important matches, including 3 for The Bs from 1828 to 1832.

The Bs
The Bs was an English cricket team that played in the first half of the 19th century in occasional matches against England and Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). The team ostensibly consisted of players whose surname began with the letter B, given that there were several top-class players at the time who qualified. A total of 44 players represented the Bs in twelve matches, all rated important, between July 1805 and August 1837. They included Thomas Beagley, Lord Frederick Beauclerk, Billy Beldham, John Bennett, Henry Bentley, Jem Broadbridge, and E. H. Budd. Another was Frederick Hervey-Bathurst, whose surname had half a B in it. There were three instances of the team including given men. These were James Lawrell in 1810, Roger Kynaston in 1837, and the outstanding all-rounder John Wells, who played for them in both 1805 and 1810.
1997 Lipton Championships – Men's singles
Thomas Muster defeated Sergi Bruguera in the final, 7–6(8–6), 6–3, 6–1 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1997 Miami Open.

Andre Agassi was the two-time defending champion, but lost in the second round to Scott Draper.

Jérôme Golmard
Jérôme Golmard (French pronunciation: [ʒeʁom ɡɔlmaʁ]; 9 September 1973 – 31 July 2017) was a French tennis player.

The left-hander reached a career-high singles ranking of World No. 22 in April 1999, winning 2 singles titles and reaching the semifinals of Monte Carlo in 1999. Golmard finished his career with over $2.2 million in prize money. Among the many notable players he beat on the ATP Tour are former World No. 1s Andre Agassi, Jim Courier, Gustavo Kuerten, Juan Carlos Ferrero, Marcelo Ríos and Carlos Moyá, as well as Grand Slam champions Richard Krajicek, Goran Ivanišević, Albert Costa, Gastón Gaudio, Thomas Johansson and Michael Chang.

He announced in 2014 that he was diagnosed with motor neuron disease, which causes muscle paralysis, and died of the disease on 31 July 2017.
Maytenus crassipes
Maytenus crassipes is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae. It is endemic to central and western Jamaica. It was documented by William H. Harris (1860-1920) and the name “Maytenus crassipes” was named by a German botanist Ignatz Urban.

Harris work d in Jamaica.

Ignatz Urban
Ignatz Urban (7 January 1848 – 7 January 1931) was a German botanist.  He is known for his contributions to the flora of the Caribbean and Brazil, and for his work as curator of the Berlin Botanical Garden. Born the son of a brewer, Urban showed an interest in botany as an undergraduate.  He pursued further study at the University of Bonn and later at the University of Berlin where he gained a doctorate in 1873. Urban was appointed by A. W. Eichler to run the Berlin Botanical Garden and supervised its move to Dahlem. He also worked as Eichler's assistant on the Flora Brasiliensis, later succeeding him as editor. In 1884 Urban began working with Leopold Krug on his Puerto Rican collections, a collaboration would later produce the nine-volume Symbolae Antillanae, one of his most important contributions, and his 30-part Sertum Antillanum. Urban's herbarium, estimated to include 80,000 or more sheets, was destroyed when the Berlin Herbarium was bombed in 1943, during the Second World War.
Buldyrty
The Buldyrty (Kazakh: Бұлдырты; Russian: Булдырты) is a river in the West Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan. It is 195 kilometres (121 mi) long and has a catchment area of 4,660 square kilometres (1,800 sq mi).

The Buldyrty belongs to the Ural basin and flows across the Syrym, Karatobe and Shyngyrlau districts. The banks of the river are a seasonal grazing ground for local cattle. The name of the river originated in the Kazakh word for turbid or murky.

Turbidity
Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by large numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye. The measurement of turbidity is a key test of both water clarity and water quality.

Fluids can contain suspended solid matter consisting of particles of many different sizes. While some suspended material will be large enough and heavy enough to settle rapidly to the bottom of the container if a liquid sample is left to stand (the settable solids), very small particles will settle only very slowly or not at all if the sample is regularly agitated or the particles are colloidal. These small solid particles cause the liquid to appear turbid.

Turbidity (or haze) is also applied to transparent solids such as glass or plastic. In plastic production, haze is defined as the percentage of light that is deflected more than 2.5° from the incoming light direction.
1946 European Athletics Championships
The 3rd European Athletics Championships were held from 22 August to 25 August 1946 in the Bislett Stadion in Oslo, Norway. For the first time it was a combined event for men and women, and for the first time a city in Scandinavia hosted the championships.  Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald.

Two of the women's medalists from France underwent sex change later.  Claire Brésolles became Pierre Brésolles, and Léa Caurla became Léon Caurla.

Bislett Stadium
Bislett Stadium (Norwegian: Bislett stadion) is a sports stadium in Oslo, Norway. Bislett is Norway's most well known sports arena internationally, with 15 speed skating world records and more than 50 track and field world records having been set here. The original stadium was demolished in 2004 and construction of a new stadium was completed by the summer of 2005. The New Bislett Stadium was designed by C.F. Møller Architects.
Linnéa
Linnéa or Linnea is a female given name of Swedish origin.

It has two derivations, both of which are linked to the famous 18th-century Swedish scientist Carl Linnaeus, who was ennobled as Carl von Linné later in life. Primarily, people have named their children in his honor; Linnaeus and Linné have been used as given names, usually for boys, and simple modification makes the name gender female.  Secondarily, people have named their children after the twinflower Linnaea, which was itself named to honor Linnaeus.  Linnaeus' family name in turn is derived from the Swedish word lind, indicating the linden (lime tree).

Linnéa or Linnea was the seventh most popular given name for girls born in Sweden in 2008 and was the most popular name for girls born in 2008 in Norway. In 2013, it ranked 17 in Sweden and 7 in Norway.

Tilia
Tilia is a genus of about 30 species of trees or bushes, native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The species are known as linden or lime for the European and Asian species, and linden or basswood for North American species and more generally in American literature. The greatest species diversity is found in Asia, but the genus also occurs widely in Europe and eastern North America. Under the Cronquist classification system, this genus was placed in the family Tiliaceae, but genetic research summarised by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has resulted in the incorporation of this genus, and of most of the previous family, into the Malvaceae.

Tilia is the only known ectomycorrhizal genus in the family Malvaceae. Studies of ectomycorrhizal relations of Tilia species indicate a wide range of fungal symbionts and a preference toward Ascomycota fungal partners.
2024 Straight Talk Wireless 400
The 2024 Straight Talk Wireless 400 was a NASCAR Cup Series race that was held on October 27, 2024, at Homestead–Miami Speedway in Homestead, Florida. Contested over 267 laps on the 1.5 mile (2.4 km) oval, it was the 34th race of the 2024 NASCAR Cup Series season, the eighth race of the Playoffs, and the second race of the Round of 8. Tyler Reddick won the race. Ryan Blaney finished 2nd, and Denny Hamlin finished 3rd. Christopher Bell and Chase Elliott rounded out the top five, and William Byron, Alex Bowman, A. J. Allmendinger, Carson Hocevar, and Ryan Preece rounded out the top ten.

Alex Bowman
Alexander Michael Warren Bowman (born April 25, 1993) is an American professional stock car racing driver and team owner. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 48 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Hendrick Motorsports and part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 88 Chevrolet Camaro SS for JR Motorsports. He owns a Dirt Midget and Sprint car racing team, Alex Bowman Racing. He is known for a record six consecutive front-row starts in the Daytona 500, from 2018 to 2023, winning the pole in 2018, 2021, and 2023.

He is known by many nicknames, the most predominant being Bowman the Showman. Denny Hamlin called him "just a hack" after a late-race collision at Martinsville in 2021 took Hamlin out of contention for the win. Following a 2022 race at Las Vegas, Kyle Busch said Bowman was "all luck, no skill" after Bowman won the race by taking two tires on a pit stop during a late-race caution.