hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The American Claimant
The American Claimant is an 1892 novel by American humorist and writer Mark Twain.  Twain wrote the novel with the help of phonographic dictation, the first author (according to Twain himself) to do so. This was also (according to Twain) an attempt to write a book without mention of the weather, the first of its kind in fictitious literature (although the first sentence of the second paragraph references weather: "breezy fine morning"). Indeed, all the weather is contained in an appendix, at the back of the book, which the reader is encouraged to turn to from time to time.

Humorist
A humorist is an intellectual who uses humor, or wit, in writing or public speaking. A raconteur is one who tells anecdotes in a skillful and amusing way.

Henri Bergson writes that a humorist's work grows from viewing the morals of society.

The term comedian is generally applied to one who is performing to an audience for laughter.
Port of Bandon
The Port of Bandon is the port authority for Bandon Harbor in the city of Bandon, Oregon, United States. The port has full marina facilities for boat launching and sport fishing. It also serves as a waypoint stopover for commercial fishing and recreation vessels, and has a scenic boardwalk with a nature pathway and observation areas.
The United States Coast Guard operates Search and Rescue Detachment Coquille River in Bandon Harbor in the summer and on halibut season weekend openers in the spring, and is equipped with a 47-foot motor life boat and crew.

Lifeboat (rescue)
A rescue lifeboat is a boat rescue craft which is used to attend a vessel in distress, or its survivors, to rescue crew and passengers. It can be hand pulled, sail powered or powered by an engine. Lifeboats may be rigid, inflatable or rigid-inflatable combination-hulled vessels.
Karel van Eerd
Carolus Johannes Maria "Karel" van Eerd (8 April 1938 – 14 December 2022) was a Dutch supermarket entrepreneur. For many years he was general manager and then chairman of the supervisory board of supermarkets Jumbo.

Van Eerd came from a family that owned food wholesalers since the early 20th-century. In 1957, when he was 18 years old, he joined the business at the time his father had to take it easy. He soon took over the management. Van Eerd took over the name "Jumbo" and its formula in 1984 from Jan Meurs. In the mid-1980s there were three Jumbo stores. In 2022, at the time of his death, there were over 700 Jumbo supermarkets, including some in Belgium.

Van Eerd died in Veghel on 14 December 2022, at the age of 84.

Veghel
Veghel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvɛxəl] ⓘ) is a town and former municipality in the Southern Netherlands. On 1 January 2017 Veghel, together with Schijndel and Sint-Oedenrode, merged into a new municipality called Meierijstad. This created the largest municipality of the province of North Brabant in terms of land area.
United Verde & Pacific Railway
The United Verde and Pacific Railway was a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge railroad that operated from 1895 to 1920 in what became Yavapai County in the U.S. state of Arizona. William A. Clark built the 26-mile (42 km) line to link his copper mine and smelter in Jerome to an existing branch of the Santa Fe Railway system. Clark eventually replaced the line with three 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge rail lines after building a new smelter and company town in Clarkdale.

Yavapai County, Arizona
Yavapai County (/ˈjævəˌpaɪˌ/ YA-və-pye) is a county near the center of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2020 census, its population was 236,209, making it the fourth-most populous county in Arizona. The county seat is Prescott.

Yavapai County comprises the Prescott Valley-Prescott, AZ Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the northern portions of Peoria and Wickenburg, the balance of which are in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area.
Shuruaat Ka Interval
Shuruaat Ka Interval is a 2014 Indian anthology feature film directed by eight filmmakers, namely Aarti S. Bagdi, Amrit Raj Gupta, Atanu Mukherjee, Ankit Tripathi, Krishan Hooda, Palash Vaswani, Rukshana Tabassum and Shishir Jha.

PVR Director's Rare & Humaramovie presented the short film anthology Shuruaat Ka Interval, which includes 8 shorts from various filmmakers, chosen and mentored by filmmakers Imtiaz Ali, Vikramaditya Motwane, Anand Gandhi & Vikas Bahl. All the films are based on one theme: Interval, which has been interpreted in a different, unique way by each filmmaker.

Imtiaz Ali (director)
Imtiaz Ali (born 16 June 1971) is an Indian filmmaker. He is best known for writing and directing the romantic comedies Jab We Met (2007) and Love Aaj Kal (2009), and the dramas Rockstar (2011), Highway (2014), Tamasha (2015), Jab Harry Met Sejal (2017), and Amar Singh Chamkila (2024).
Muskeg Lake Cree Nation
The Muskeg Lake Cree Nation (Cree: ᒪᐢᑫᑯ ᓵᑲᐦᐃᑲᐣ, maskêko-sâkahikan) is a Cree First Nation band government in Marcelin, Saskatchewan, Canada.

The Muskeg Lake Cree Nation is affiliated with the Saskatoon Tribal Council, along with six other First Nations.

Noted people from this reserve include World War II servicewoman Mary Greyeyes, the first indigenous woman to join the Canadian Forces,, and Cheryle Chagnon-Greyeyes.

Cree language
Cree (/kriː/ KREE; also known as Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi) is a dialect continuum of Algonquian languages spoken by approximately 86,475 people across Canada in 2021, from the Northwest Territories to Alberta to Labrador. If considered one language, it is the aboriginal language with the highest number of speakers in Canada. The only region where Cree has any official status is in the Northwest Territories, alongside eight other aboriginal languages. There, Cree is spoken mainly in Fort Smith and Hay River.
Ho-jung
Ho-jung, also spelled Ho-jeong, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Kim Ho-jung (born 1968), South Korean actress

Yoo Ho-jeong (born 1969), South Korean actress

Lee Ho-jung (figure skater) (born 1997), South Korean retired figure skater

Jeong Ho-jeong (born 1988), South Korean football player

Choi Ho-jung (born 1989), South Korean football player

Yoo Ho-jeong
You Ho-jeong (Korean: 유호정; born January 24, 1969) is a South Korean actress. She made her acting debut in 1991 and has been starring in television and film since. Roles include a divorcee whose husband lives next door in daily drama Definitely Neighbors (2010), and the grown-up protagonist in box office hit Sunny (2011).

In 2013, Yoo became the host of her first ever variety show, the healthy food and lifestyle program Olive Show on cable channel O'live TV.
FC Ungheni
CF Ungheni (also named FC Ungheni) was a Moldovan football club from Ungheni. The club was founded in 2012 and most recently played in the Divizia A, the second tier of Moldovan football. It previously spent one season in the Divizia Națională, the top division.

Moldovan Liga
The Moldovan Liga, officially known as Liga 7777 for sponsorship reasons, is an association football league that is the top division of Moldovan football league system. The competition was established in 1992, when Moldova became independent from the Soviet Union. It was formed in place of former Soviet republican competitions that existed since 1945. Before the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina in 1940, clubs from modern Moldova competed in the Romanian football competitions.

There are currently eight teams in the competition. At the end of the season, the bottom club is relegated to Liga 1 and replaced by the lower league's champion.

Sheriff Tiraspol – located in Transnistria – is the most successful league club with 21 titles, followed by Zimbru Chișinău with eight wins and Milsami Orhei with two wins. Constructorul Chișinău, Dacia Chișinău and Petrocub Hîncești also won the title on one occasion each.
USS Acacia
USS Acacia was a steam-powered tugboat in the service of the United States Navy during the American Civil War, named after the Acacia tree.

She was launched as Vicksburg sometime in September 1863, purchased and renamed by the Navy at Boston, Massachusetts on 28 October 1863, and commissioned in the Boston Navy Yard on 8 December 1863 with Acting Master John D. Childs in command.

Master (naval)
The master, or sailing master, is an historical rank for a naval warrant officer trained in and responsible for the navigation and ship handling of a sailing vessel.

In the Royal Navy, the master was ranked with, but after, the lieutenants. The rank became a commissioned officer rank and was renamed navigating lieutenant in 1867; the rank gradually fell out of use from around 1890 since all lieutenants were required to pass the same examinations.

When the United States Navy was formed in 1794, master was listed as one of the warrant officer ranks and ranked between midshipmen and lieutenants.  The rank was also a commissioned officer rank from 1837 until it was replaced with the current rank of lieutenant, junior grade in 1883.
Voiced dental click
A voiced dental click is a click consonant found primarily among the languages of southern Africa. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet for a voiced dental click with a velar rear articulation is ⟨ɡ͡ǀ⟩ or ⟨ɡ͜ǀ⟩, commonly abbreviated to ⟨ɡǀ⟩, ⟨ᶢǀ⟩ or ⟨ǀ̬⟩; a symbol abandoned by the IPA but still preferred by some linguists is ⟨ɡ͡ʇ⟩ or ⟨ɡ͜ʇ⟩, abbreviated ⟨ɡʇ⟩, ⟨ᶢʇ⟩ or ⟨ʇ̬⟩. For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are ⟨ɢ͡ǀ, ɢ͜ǀ, ɢǀ, 𐞒ǀ⟩ and ⟨ɢ͡ʇ, ɢ͜ʇ, ɢʇ, 𐞒ʇ⟩.
Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. ⟨ǀɡ⟩ or ⟨ǀᶢ⟩; this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.

In languages which use the Bantu letters for clicks, this is most commonly written ⟨gc⟩, but it is written ⟨dc⟩ in those languages that use ⟨g⟩ for the uvular fricative.

Uvular consonant
Uvulars are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants.  Uvulars may be stops, fricatives, nasals, trills, or approximants, though the IPA does not provide a separate symbol for the approximant, and the symbol for the voiced fricative is used instead. Uvular affricates can certainly be made but are rare: they occur in most Turkic languages, most Persian languages, most Arabic languages, in some southern High-German dialects, as well as a few African and Native American languages. (Ejective uvular affricates occur as realizations of uvular stops in  Kazakh, Bashkir, Arabic dialects, Lillooet, or as allophonic realizations of the ejective uvular fricative in Georgian.) Uvular consonants are typically incompatible with advanced tongue root, and they often cause retraction of neighboring vowels.
Swasti Mitter
Swasti Mitter (22 May 1939 – 1 May 2016) was a researcher into gender and development. She held posts as Professor of Gender and Technology at the University of Brighton, and as a deputy director of the UNU Institute of New Technologies at the University of Maastricht (Now UNU-MERIT). Her main area of research involved exploring the ways information technologies have influenced employment patterns for women in less developed countries.

UNU-MERIT
The United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT) is a joint research and training institute of the United Nations University and Maastricht University, with both parent institutions supplying staff. UNU-MERIT is based in Maastricht, in the southeastern part of the Netherlands.

The institute explores the social, political and economic factors that drive technological innovation, with a particular focus on creation, diffusion and access to knowledge.

In August 2022, UNU-MERIT scored third in the RePEc list of world top academic institutions in the field of economic innovation publications.
Ogden–Hinckley Airport
Ogden–Hinckley Airport (IATA: OGD, ICAO: KOGD, FAA LID: OGD) is a public airport four miles southwest of Ogden, in Weber County, Utah, United States. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2019–2023 categorized it as a commercial service primary non-hub airport. Formerly Ogden Municipal Airport, it is billed as Utah's busiest municipal airport for private planes.

The airport has an FAA control tower with radar approach service by Salt Lake City TRACON.

Weber County, Utah
Weber County (/ˈwiːbər/ WEE-bər) is a county in the U.S. state of Utah. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 262,223, making it Utah's fourth-most populous county. Its county seat and largest city is Ogden, the home of Weber State University. The county was named after a fur trapper John Weber.

Weber County is part of the Ogden-Clearfield metropolitan area as well as the Salt Lake City metropolitan area.
Lacquer thinner
Lacquer thinner, also known as cellulose thinner, is usually a mixture of solvents able to dissolve a number of different resins or plastics used in modern lacquer.

Previously, lacquer thinners frequently contained alkyl esters like butyl or amyl acetate, ketones like acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, aromatic hydrocarbons like toluene, ethers such as glycol cellosolves, and/or alcohols.

Modern lacquer thinners increasingly have to comply with low-volatile organic compounds (VOC) regulations.  Often, these formulations consist mostly of acetone and other simple ketones with very small quantities of aromatic solvents.

Paints that dry by simple solvent evaporation and contain solid binders are known as lacquers. When the solvent in lacquer paints evaporates, a solid layer remains. Since this layer can be dissolved again with the solvent, each lacquer can dissolve the one below it.

Butanone
Butanone, also known as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or ethyl methyl ketone, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CH2CH3. This colorless liquid ketone has a sharp, sweet odor reminiscent of acetone. It is produced industrially on a large scale, but occurs in nature only in trace amounts. It is partially soluble in water, and is commonly used as an industrial solvent. It is an isomer of another solvent, tetrahydrofuran.
Lot 42, Prince Edward Island
Lot 42 is a township in Kings County, Prince Edward Island, Canada.  It is part of St. Patrick's Parish. Lot 42 was one of four lots awarded to the officers of the 78th Fraser Highlanders in the 1767 land lottery.

Kings County, Prince Edward Island
Kings County (2021 population 18,327) is located in eastern Prince Edward Island, Canada.

It is the province's smallest, most rural and least-populated county.  Kings County is also least dependent upon the agriculture industry compared with the other two counties, while being more heavily dependent on the fishery and forest industry.  Comparatively large parts of the county are still forested and it hosts the province's largest sawmill.  The only heavy industry, aside from forestry and industrial farming, is a small shipyard, although secondary manufacturing has been established in recent years.

The county was named by Capt. Samuel Holland in 1765 for King George III (1738–1820). As such, Kings County's shire town is Georgetown. The largest community in the county, also within the town of Three Rivers, is Montague.
Eamon McEneaney
Eamon James McEneaney (December 23, 1954 – September 11, 2001) was an All-American lacrosse player at Cornell University from 1975 to 1977 and later an employee of Cantor Fitzgerald who died during the September 11 attacks.

USILA All-American Team
The USILA All-American Team is an honor given annually to the best American men's college lacrosse players at their respective positions by the United States Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association. The first USILA All-Americans were named in 1922, and consisted of a first team, second team, third team, and honorable mention selections. Today, separate selections are made at the NCAA Division I, Division II, and Division III levels.

Only eight players have ever been named to the USILA All-American first team all four years of their college eligibility: Doug Turnbull of Johns Hopkins (1922–25), Everett Smith of St. John's (1934–37), Frank Urso of Maryland (1973–76), Del Dressell of Johns Hopkins (1983–86), Jason Coffman of Salisbury State (1993–96), Mike Powell (2001–2004) of Syracuse, Trevor Baptiste (2015–18) of Denver, and Connor Shellenberger  (2021–2024) of the University of Virginia.
Chet Bowers
C. A. (Chet) Bowers (June 4, 1935 –  July 13, 2017) was an American educator, author, lecturer and environmental activist. He wrote 27 books that focus on the cultural, linguistic, and technological roots of the current ecological crisis as well as the educational reforms necessary to promote greater ecological awareness.

Ecological crisis
An ecological or environmental crisis occurs when changes to the environment of a species or population destabilizes its continued survival. Some of the important causes include:

Degradation of an abiotic ecological factor (for example, increase of temperature, less significant rainfalls)

Increased pressures from predation

Rise in the number of individuals (i.e. overpopulation)

The evolutionary theory of punctuated equilibrium sees infrequent ecological crises as a potential driver of rapid evolution.

Because of the impact of humans on the natural environment in the recent geological period, the term ecological crisis is often applied to environmental issues caused by human civilizations such as: the climate crisis, biodiversity loss and plastic pollution which have emerged as major global challenges during the first few decades of the 21st century.
Miller-Porter-Lacy House
Miller-Porter-Lacy House, also known as the Lacy House, is a historic home located at St. Joseph, Missouri.  The original section was built in 1883, as an Italianate style brick farmhouse.  It was enlarged and remodeled in 1902 by the architect Edmond Jacques Eckel (1845–1934) in the Colonial Revival / Georgian Revival style.  It is a large brick dwelling with a low hipped roof. It features Tuscan order columned porches and a porte cochere.  Also on the property is a contributing carriage house and croquet and tennis court sites.: 3–4

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Carriage house
A carriage house, also called a remise or coach house, is a term used in North America to describe an outbuilding that was originally built to house horse-drawn carriages and their related tack. Carriage houses were often two stories, with related staff quarters above.
William Nixon (architect)
Architecture portal

William Mark Nixon (31 May 1859 – 5 June 1931) was an Australian architect active at the end of the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th century. His work encompassed the styles of the Federation Bungalow in domestic design and Federation Free Classical in civic and commercial design. He was active in local government and was President of Hornsby Shire and an Alderman in the Municipality of Ashfield.

Federation architecture
Federation architecture is the architectural style in Australia that was prevalent from around 1890 to 1915. The name refers to the Federation of Australia on 1 January 1901, when the British colonies of Australia collectively became the Commonwealth of Australia.

The architectural style had antecedents in the Queen Anne style and Edwardian style of the United Kingdom, combined with various other influences like the Arts and Crafts style. Other styles also developed, like the Federation Warehouse style, which was heavily influenced by the Romanesque Revival style. In Australia, Federation architecture is generally associated with cottages in the Queen Anne style, but some consider that there were twelve main styles that characterised the Federation period.
Kompanieführer
Kompanieführer ("company leader") is a German paramilitary title that has existed since the First World War.  Originally, the title of Kompanieführer was held by the officer commanding an infantry company (most often a Hauptmann or Oberleutnant.  After the close of World War I, the title became the first of several officer ranks in the Freikorps.

The last usage of Kompanieführer, as a paramilitary title, was in 1944 and 1945 when the position was held by company commanders of Volkssturm units.  Due to the title's use of the word "Führer", the title of Kompanieführer is no longer employed in the modern day military of Germany. Today the title is sometimes used by Schützenvereine (shooting societies).

Volkssturm
The Volkssturm (German pronunciation: [ˈfɔlksʃtʊʁm] ⓘ, lit. 'people's storm') was a levée en masse national militia established by Nazi Germany during the last months of World War II. It was set up by the Nazi Party on the orders of Adolf Hitler and established on 25 September 1944. It was staffed by conscripting males between the ages of 16 and 60 years who were not already serving in some military unit.

The Volkssturm comprised one of the final components of the total war promulgated by Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels, part of a Nazi endeavor to overcome their enemies' military strength through force of will. Volkssturm units fought unsuccessful battles against Allied forces at the end of the war. On several occasions, its members participated in atrocities, accompanied by German civilians and the Hitler Youth, which were overseen by members of the SS or Gau leaders.
Dumb Things
"Dumb Things" or "I've Done all the Dumb Things" is a song by Australian rock group Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls, released as the fourth single from their second album, Under the Sun. It was released by Mushroom Records imprint White Label Records in January 1989 and reached No. 36 on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Singles Chart. In the US, it was released under the band name, Paul Kelly and the Messengers, which reached No. 16 on the Billboard Modern Rock chart. A music video, directed by Larry Williams, was provided for the single – a still from the clip is used as the single's cover.

Young Einstein
Young Einstein is a 1988 Australian comedy film written, produced, directed by and starring Yahoo Serious. It is a fantasized account of the life of Albert Einstein which alters all people, places and circumstances of his life, including relocating the theoretical physicist to Australia, having him splitting the atom with a chisel, and inventing rock and roll and surfing. Although highly successful in Australia, and winning an award from the Australian Film Institute Awards, it was poorly received by critics in the United States. At the APRA Music Awards of 1990, the soundtrack won Most Performed Australasian Work for Film.
Pervomaysk, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Pervomaysk (Russian: Первома́йск) is a town in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located 190 kilometers (120 mi) south of Nizhny Novgorod. Population: 14,568 (2010 census); 15,094 (2002 census); 16,428 (1989 Soviet census); 16,000 (1974).

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Нижегородская область, romanized: Nizhegorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Nizhny Novgorod. It has a population of 3,119,115 as of the 2021 Census. From 1932 to 1990, it was known as Gorky Oblast (Russian: Горьковская область).

The oblast is crossed by the Volga River. Apart from Nizhny Novgorod's metropolitan area (including Dzerzhinsk, Bor and Kstovo) the biggest city is Arzamas. Near the town of Sarov there is the Serafimo-Diveyevsky Monastery, one of the largest convents in Russia, established by Saint Seraphim of Sarov. The Makaryev Monastery opposite of the town of Lyskovo used to be the location of the largest fair in Eastern Europe. Other historic towns include Gorodets and Balakhna, located on the Volga to the north from Nizhny Novgorod.