hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phillips catalyst
The Phillips catalyst, or the Phillips supported chromium catalyst, is the catalyst used to produce approximately half of the world's polyethylene.  A heterogeneous catalyst, it consists of a chromium oxide supported on silica gel. Polyethylene, the most-produced synthetic polymer, is produced industrially by the polymerization of ethylene:

n C2H4    →  (C2H4)n

Although exergonic (i.e., thermodynamically favorable), the reaction requires catalysts.  Three main catalysts are employed commercially: the Phillips catalyst, Ziegler–Natta catalysts (based on titanium trichloride), and, for specialty polymers, metallocene-based catalysts.

Titanium(III) chloride
Titanium(III) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula TiCl3. At least four distinct species have this formula; additionally hydrated derivatives are known. TiCl3 is one of the most common halides of titanium and is an important catalyst for the manufacture of polyolefins.
Mikael Lidhammar
Mikael Lidhammar (born October 28, 1987, in Luleå, Sweden) is a professional Swedish ice hockey winger currently playing with Bodens HF in the Swedish Hockeyettan. Lidhammar previously played for the Dundee Stars, Guildford Flames, ASC Corona Brasov and Glasgow Clan.

Glasgow Clan
The Glasgow Clan are a Scottish professional ice hockey team based in Renfrew, near Glasgow. It was formed in 2010 as the UK Elite Ice Hockey League expanded into the west of Scotland market, and are based at the Braehead Arena in Renfrewshire. It is one of three Scottish clubs playing in the top British league alongside Dundee Stars and the Fife Flyers.

In July 2018, the team officially rebranded from the Braehead Clan to the Glasgow Clan.
Tiền Phong (newspaper)
Tiền Phong (Vietnamese: Báo Tiền Phong, meaning "Vanguard") is a Vietnamese daily newspaper published by the Central Committee of the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union, the youth wing of the Communist Party of Vietnam. It was established during the First Indochina War as one of the first revolutionary newspapers in Vietnam, at about the same time as the predecessors of Quan Doi Nhan Dan and Nhan Dan.

Tôn Đức Lượng was in charge of illustrations from 1957 to 1982.

Vanguard
The vanguard (sometimes abbreviated to van  and also called the advance guard) is the leading part of an advancing military formation. It has a number of functions, including seeking out the enemy and securing ground in advance of the main force.

In naval warfare the van is the advance ship, or fleet, that will make the initial engagement with an enemy fleet.
RKWard
RKWard is a transparent front-end to the R programming language, a scripting-language with a strong focus on statistics functions. RKWard tries to combine the power of the R language with the ease of use of commercial statistical packages.

RKWard is written in C++ and although it can run in numerous environments, it was designed for and integrates the KDE desktop environment with the Qt (software) libraries.

Scripting language
In computing, a script is a relatively short and simple set of instructions that typically automate an otherwise manual process. The act of writing a script is called scripting. A scripting language or script language is a programming language that is used for scripting.

Originally, scripting was limited to automating shells in operating systems, and languages were relatively simple. Today, scripting is more pervasive and some scripting languages include modern features that allow them to be used to develop application software also.
Replicas of the Jewish Temple
Replicas of the Jewish Temple are scale models or authentic buildings that attempt to replicate either the Temple of Solomon or the Second Temple (Herod's Temple) in Jerusalem.

Sources for the description of the Temple are found primarily in the works of Josephus, tractate Middot and the Temple Scroll; however, these sources are not consistent.

Temple Scroll
The Temple Scroll (Hebrew: מגילת המקדש) is the longest of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Among the discoveries at Qumran it is designated: 11QTemple Scrolla (11Q19 [11QTa]). It describes a Jewish temple, along with extensive detailed regulations about sacrifices and temple practices. The document is written in the form of a revelation from God to Moses, thereby with the intended meaning that this is the more appropriate temple which was revealed to Moses, and that Moses' instructions were either forgotten or ignored when Solomon built the First Temple in Jerusalem. In other words, in the mind of the Scroll writer, "Solomon should actually have built the First Temple as it is described here in the Temple Scroll".
James L. F. Cottrell
James La Fayette Cottrell (August 25, 1808 – September 7, 1885) was a U.S. representative from Alabama.

Born near King William, Virginia, Cottrell completed preparatory studies.
He studied law.
He was admitted to the bar in 1830 and commenced practice in Hayneville, Alabama.
He served as member of the Alabama House of Representatives in 1834, 1836, and 1837.
He served in the State senate 1838-1841, and was president of that body in 1840.

Cottrell was elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William L. Yancey and served from December 7, 1846, to March 3, 1847.
He moved to Florida in 1854.
He served in the Florida Senate in 1865–1885.
He was appointed collector of customs at Cedar Keys, Florida, and served until his death in that city September 7, 1885.
He was interred in Old Town Cemetery, Old Town, Florida.

Florida Senate
The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The Senate is composed of 40 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of approximately 540,000 residents. The Senate Chamber is located in the State Capitol building.

The Republicans hold a supermajority in the chamber with 27 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 11 seats. One seat is held by an independent, and one seat is vacant.
Der Gemischte Chor Zürich
Der Gemischte Chor Zürich (often Gemischter Chor) is a mixed choir in Zürich, Switzerland, founded in 1863. One of the large oratorio choirs in the city, they perform regularly at the Tonhalle and internationally, often with the Tonhalle-Orchester Zürich, and traditionally with notable soloists such as Ilona Durigo, Karl Erb and Ernst Häfliger. Premieres have included works by Johannes Brahms and contemporary composers.

Tonhalle, Zurich
The Tonhalle is a concert hall in Zurich, home to the Tonhalle-Orchester Zürich, one of Switzerland's leading orchestras. The 1455-seat hall, located at Claridenstrasse 7 in Zurich, was inaugurated in 1895 by Johannes Brahms. The hall is considered to be "acoustically superb". In 1938, it made way for a new construction that now forms the building complex Kongresshaus Zürich.
1999 Russian gubernatorial elections
Gubernatorial elections in 1999 took place in 16 regions of the Russian Federation.

In 1999, the tenures of the governors of 12 provinces, elected in 1995, expired. An early election was held in Leningrad Oblast, year after resignation of Vadim Gustov. The first direct elections for the Head of Karachay-Cherkessia also took place that year.

In the last two parliamentary republics, Dagestan and Udmurtia, direct elections have not come any closer: in Dagestan, the referendum on the introduction of the presidency was held in the summer of 1999, with the majority voting against; and in Udmurtia, a new State Council was elected and its chairman Alexander Volkov was re-elected.

Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (politician)
Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (Udmurt and Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Во́лков; 25 December 1951 – 20 May 2017) was the President of the Udmurt Republic. As President, Volkov was the highest official in the Udmurt Republic, the head of the republic's highest executive body, and leader of its two million citizens. Volkov took office November 3, 2000, for a five-year term after the first presidential elections in the Udmurt Republic took place on October 15, 2000.  Prior to the elections, Volkov was the speaker of the Udmurtia Republican Legislature.
Radiance of the Seas
GTS Radiance of the Seas is a cruise ship owned and operated by Royal Caribbean International. She is the lead ship of the Radiance class, which includes Jewel of the Seas, Brilliance of the Seas and Serenade of the Seas. All of the Radiance-class ships have a gas turbine powertrain, which produces higher efficient speeds than other cruise ships, and emissions to the air are much lower than cruise ships powered by diesel engines.

Royal Caribbean International
Royal Caribbean International (RCI), formerly Royal Caribbean Cruise Line (RCCL), is a cruise line founded in 1968 in Norway and organized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Royal Caribbean Group since 1997.

Based in Miami, Florida, it is the largest cruise line by revenue and second largest by passenger counts. As of 2025, Royal Caribbean International controlled 27.0% of the worldwide cruise market by passengers and 24.8% by revenue.

As of August 2025, the line operates 29 ships; three additional ships are on order and two ships are planned but do not have a launch date.
Taicang Senior High School
Taicang Senior High School （太仓高级中学，pinyin:TàiCāngGāoJíZhōngXué， abbreviation:省太高, pinyin:ShěngTàiGāo）is a high school in Taicang, Suzhou, China.

The student usually call themselves as Taigaoren(太高人，pinyin：TàiGāoRén)

Taicang
Taicang  is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Suzhou, Jiangsu province, China. The city located in the south of the Yangtze River estuary opposite Nantong, being bordered by Shanghai proper to the south, while the river also delineates much of its northeastern boundary along Chongming Island.
Duck plague
Duck plague (also known as duck viral enteritis) is a worldwide disease caused by Duck enteritis virus (DEV) of the family Herpesviridae that causes acute disease with high mortality rates in flocks of ducks, geese, and swans.  It is spread both vertically and horizontally—through contaminated water and direct contact.  Migratory waterfowl are a major factor in the spread of this disease as they are often asymptomatic carriers of disease.  The incubation period is three to seven days. Birds as young as one week old can be infected. DEV is not zoonotic.

Herpesvirales
Herpesvirales is an order of dsDNA viruses (Baltimore group I) with animal hosts, characterised by a common morphology consisting of an icosahedral capsid enclosed in a glycoprotein-containing lipid envelope. Common infections in humans caused by members of this order include cold sores, genital herpes, chickenpox, shingles, and glandular fever. Herpesvirales is the sole order in the class Herviviricetes, which is the sole class in the phylum Peploviricota.
Marit Halset
Marit Halset (May 18, 1912 – March 22, 1986) was a Norwegian actress. She performed roles in theater, radio theater, and film.

Halset was engaged with the National Theater in Oslo from 1933 to 1948. She debuted as the young girl Hazel Niles in Eugene O'Neill's play Mourning Becomes Electra in the spring of 1933. There she performed together with Johanne Dybwad, August Oddvar, and Ingolf Schanche. Later, she performed significant roles as sensitive young girls, and she ended her time at the National Theater by playing Leonora in Ludvig Holberg's The Fidget in 1948. In 1948 she moved to the New Theater, where she remained until 1967.

Halset also performed regularly in NRK's Radio Theater and Television Theater, in addition to having a number of film roles. Among her films, Kranes konditori and Broder Gabrielsen are the best known.

Broder Gabrielsen
Broder Gabrielsen (English: Brother Gabrielsen) is a 1966 Norwegian drama film directed by Nils R. Müller, starring Alf Malland and Mette Lange-Nielsen. The preacher Gabrielsen (Malland) has a great talent for exciting crowds and builds up a large following. His reputation is enhanced by a healing at a meeting, and Gabrielsen begins to believe in his own healing ability. When further miracles fail to occur, he experiences a crisis. The film was highly controversial in its time because of its treatment of religious fanaticism and charismatic congregations.
AP Diving
AP Diving or Ambient Pressure Diving, formerly known as A.P.Valves, is a British manufacturer of diving equipment at Water-Ma-Trout in Helston, Cornwall, England. They produce a range of scuba and surface-supplied diving equipment including buoyancy compensator jackets and the Inspiration range of electronically controlled closed circuit diving rebreathers.

The firm started in 1969 making a valve to allow a diver to breathe from a stabiliser jacket buoyancy compensator's inflation cylinder. They progressed to making divers' adjustable buoyancy life-jackets and stabiliser jackets, and then other diving equipment such as rebreathers. and diving accessories etc.

They often exhibit at diving trade shows.

Helston
Helston (Cornish: Hellys) is a town and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated at the northern end of the Lizard Peninsula approximately 12 miles (19 km) east of Penzance and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of Falmouth. Helston is the most southerly town on the island of Great Britain and is around 1+1⁄2 miles (2.5 kilometres) farther south than Penzance. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 11,611 and the population of the built up area was 11,360.

The former stannary and cattle market town is best known for the annual Furry Dance (known locally as the Flora Dance), said to originate from the medieval period. However, the Hal-an-Tow is reputed to be of Celtic origin. The associated song and music, The Floral Dance, is known to have been written in 1911. In 2001, the town celebrated the 800th anniversary of the granting of its Charter.
V Chennai Warriors
V Chennai Warriors is a tennis team representing the Indian city of Chennai in the Champions Tennis League. The team was initially supposed to take part in the 2014 Champions Tennis League but due to unavoidable circumstances they backed out at the last moment and eventually the Hyderabad Aces went on to replace them in the 2014 edition. On 14 November 2015, the V Chennai Warriors franchise was unveiled by Vijay Amritraj, founder of the Champions Tennis League. The team is owned by Prabhu Deva, an actor and Ishari K Ganesh, founder Chairman and Chancellor of the Vels University in Chennai. The players who represented this team in the 2015 season were Rainer Schuettler, Fernando Verdasco, Heather Watson and Vishnu Vardhan. The 2015 tournament began on 23 November and ended on 6 December with the V Chennai Warriors finishing last in Group B with one win and three losses from four games. Group B also had the likes of Hyderabad Aces and Nagpur Orangers.

Vishnu Vardhan
Vishnu Vardhan (born 27 July 1987), also known as J. Vishnuvardhan, is an Indian professional tennis player. He won bronze medal in men's doubles at 2010 Asian games in Guangzhou, China. He paired-up with and Sania Mirza for mixed doubles and won silver medal at the same event. He was featured as ITF player of April 2011. He won the national singles title for the fourth time by winning the Men's final of Fenesta Open tennis Championship on 8 October 2016
Mozhayka
Mozhayka (Russian: Можайка; Buryat: Мужыха, Mujykha) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Yeravninsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 1,117 as of 2010. There are 43 streets.

Buryatia
Buryatia, officially the Republic of Buryatia, is a republic of Russia located in the Russian Far East. Formerly part of the Siberian Federal District, it has been administered as part of the Far Eastern Federal District since 2018. To its north lie Irkutsk Oblast and Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world; Zabaykalsky Krai to the east; Tuva to the west and Mongolia to the south. Its capital is the city of Ulan-Ude. It has an area of 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi) with a population of 978,588 (2021 Census). It is home to the indigenous Buryats.
Kate O'Beirne
Kate Walsh O'Beirne (September 23, 1949 – April 23, 2017) was the former president of National Review Institute and the Washington, D.C. editor of National Review. Her column, "Bread and Circuses," covered Congress, politics, and U.S. domestic policy.

O'Beirne was a regular contributor on CNN's Saturday night political round-table program, Capital Gang, along with Al Hunt, Mark Shields, Robert Novak, and Margaret Carlson. O'Beirne and Novak typically argued the conservative viewpoint, and Hunt, Shields, and Carlson provided the liberal viewpoint. She also served as a substitute host on CNN's Crossfire, a commentator for NewsHour with Jim Lehrer, and a political analyst for MSNBC's Hardball.

Crossfire (American TV program)
Crossfire is an American nightly current event debate television program that aired on CNN from June 25, 1982, to June 3, 2005, and again from September 9, 2013, to August 6, 2014. The format was designed to present and challenge the opinions of a politically liberal pundit and a conservative pundit.

After eight years off the air, a revival of Crossfire launched on September 9, 2013. The panelists for the new edition of Crossfire were former House speaker Newt Gingrich and political commentator S. E. Cupp representing the right with political consultant Stephanie Cutter and advocate Van Jones representing the left. The program was last broadcast in July 2014 and officially cancelled later that year.
Swimming at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Men's 400 metre freestyle S8
The men's 400 metre freestyle S8 event at the 2016 Paralympic Games took place on 8 September, at the Olympic Aquatics Stadium.

Two heats were held, both with six swimmers. The swimmers with the eight fastest times advanced to the final.

S8 (classification)
S8, SB7, SM8 are para-swimming classifications used for categorizing swimmers based on their level of disability. This class includes a number of different disabilities including people with amputations and cerebral palsy. The classification is governed by the International Paralympic Committee, and competes at the Paralympic Games.
Constantin Karadja
Prince Constantin Jean Lars Anthony Démétrius Karadja (24 November 1889 – 28 December 1950) was a Greek-Romanian diplomat, barrister-at-law, bibliographer, bibliophile and honorary member (1946) of the Romanian Academy. He was a member of the Caradja aristocratic family.

Greeks in Romania
Greeks are a historic minority group in Romania. At times, as during the Phanariote era, this presence has amounted to hegemony; at other times (including the present), the Greeks have simply been one among the many ethnic minorities in Romania.
House at 1010 Shuttle Meadow Road
1010 Shuttle Meadow Road is a historic house at 1010 Shuttle Meadow Road in Southington, Connecticut.  Built about 1772, it is one of the town's few surviving 18th-century houses.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Southington, Connecticut
Southington (/ˈsʌðɪŋtən/ SUH-thing-tən) is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. As of the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 43,501. Southington contains the villages of Marion,   Milldale, and Plantsville.
2023 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final
The 2023 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final was the 136th final of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship and the culmination of the 2023 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship. The match was played at Croke Park in Dublin on 30 July 2023.

Defending champions Kerry took on Leinster champions Dublin. Dublin won the final by two points, on a scoreline of 1–15 to 1–13 to claim their 31st title.

The game was televised nationally on RTÉ2 as part of The Sunday Game live programme, presented by Joanne Cantwell from the Croke Park studio, with analysis from Ciarán Whelan, Peter Canavan and Tomás Ó Sé. Match commentary was provided by Darragh Maloney, assisted by Éamonn Fitzmaurice. The game was also televised on BBC Two and internationally on GAAGO for the first time.

An average of 971,000 people watched the game, with a peak figure of 1.24 million as the match reached its climax. The game received a 77% audience share.

Darragh Maloney
Darragh Maloney (born 5 December 1972) is an Irish sports presenter, working on RTÉ radio and television.
Maloney joined RTÉ in 1995 from local Dublin radio station, FM104 and was previously the studio host of weekly show Premier Soccer Saturday on RTÉ Two. He has commentated on three FIFA World Cups including the 2022 World Cup Final in Qatar, four European Football Championships and worked on numerous UEFA Champions League and Ireland international games as presenter and commentator.
Maloney is also a regular commentator on GAA for television and radio on RTÉ. 
He has been one of the studio presenters for RTÉ's coverage of the last six Olympic Games.
Chika, Besh!
Chika, Besh! (stylized as Chika, BESH! Basta Everyday Super Happy!) is a Philippine morning talk show broadcast by TV5, presented by Ria Atayde, Pauleen Luna, and Pokwang which premiered on August 17, 2020. The show aired through Mondays to Fridays as part of the network's morning programming block at 7:30 AM. It is line produced by Archangel Media, alongside game shows Fill in the Bank and Bawal Na Game Show. The Cignal subscription channel Colours airs an encore presentation of the show as part of its daily lineup following the premiere network telecast at 11:00 am.

Breakfast television
Breakfast television (Europe and Australia) or morning show (Canada and the United States) is a type of news or infotainment television programme that broadcasts live in the morning (typically scheduled between 5:00 and 10:00 a.m., or if it is a local programme, as early as 4:00 a.m.). Often presented by a small team of hosts, these programmes are typically marketed towards the combined demography of people getting ready for work and school and stay-at-home adults and parents.

The first – and longest-running – national breakfast/morning show on television is Today, which set the tone for the genre and premiered on 14 January 1952 on NBC in the United States. For the next 70 years, Today was the number one morning program in the ratings for the vast majority of its run and since its start, many other television stations and television networks around the world have followed NBC's lead, copying that program's successful format.
2005 NASDAQ-100 Open – Women's singles
Kim Clijsters defeated Maria Sharapova in the final, 6–3, 7–5 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2005 Miami Open. She did not lose a set during the tournament, and became the second woman to achieve the Sunshine Double (after Steffi Graf). At the time, Clijsters was the lowest-ranked player to win the title, doing so as the world No. 38.

Serena Williams was the three-time defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to her sister, Venus Williams.

Stéphanie Cohen-Aloro
Stéphanie Cohen-Aloro (born 18 March 1983) is a former professional tennis player from France.

Her career-high singles ranking is world No. 61, achieved on 5 October 2003. Her highest doubles ranking position of 54, she set on 18 July 2005.

Cohen-Aloro won seven singles and twelve doubles titles on tournaments of the ITF Women's Circuit.