hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dimitry Ipatov
Dimitry Gennadyevich Ipatov (Russian: Дмитрий Геннадьевич Ипатов) (born 30 June 1984 in Magadan) is a Russian ski jumper who has been competing since 2002. Competing in two Winter Olympics, he earned his best finish of eighth in the team large hill event at Turin in 2006.

Ipatov's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was fifth in the team normal hill at the 2005 championships in Oberstdorf while his best individual finish was ninth at Sapporo in 2007.

His best finish at the Ski-flying World Championships was seventh in the team event (2004, 2006) while his best individual finish was 39th (2004).

Ipatov's best World Cup finish was fifth in the individual large hill event in Finland in 2007.

His only international victory came in the Winter Universiade in Turin, 2007. He there won the normal hill event.

He is the champion of Russia on the normal hill in Mezhdurechensk, 2005. He has also numerous other medals from Russian championships.

Oberstdorf
Oberstdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐstˌdɔʁf] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Oberschdorf) is a  municipality located in the Allgäu region of the Bavarian Alps of southern Germany. It is the southernmost settlement in Germany, and being one of its highest towns, is known for its skiing and hiking parks.

At the center of Oberstdorf is a church whose tall spire serves as a landmark for navigating around town. The summits of the Nebelhorn and Fellhorn provide dramatic panoramic views of the alps. The Nebelhorn can be reached with a big cable car. Visitors can ride a unique diagonal elevator to the top of the Heini-Klopfer-Skiflugschanze.
Pentrellwyn
Pentrellwyn is a small village in the community of Llandysul, Ceredigion, Wales. Pentrellwyn is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion Preseli constituency in the House of Commons.

Ceredigion Preseli
Ceredigion Preseli is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament, first contested at the 2024 general election following the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies. It is currently represented by Ben Lake of Plaid Cymru, who represented the predecessor constituency of Ceredigion from 2017 to 2024.
Endolymphatic sac
In anatomy, the endolymphatic sac is a structure in the inner ear. It is a dead end pouch located at the end of the endolymphatic duct, on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, where it is in contact with the dura mater.

Neoplasms of the endolymphatic sac are very rare tumors.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Ujazd, Poddębice County
Ujazd [ˈujast] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wartkowice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-east of Wartkowice, 9 km (6 mi) north-east of Poddębice, and 34 km (21 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Poddębice County
Poddębice County (Polish: powiat poddębicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Poddębice, which lies 37 kilometres (23 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Uniejów, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Poddębice.

The county covers an area of 880.91 square kilometres (340.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 42,195, out of which the population of Poddębice is 7,875, that of Uniejów is 2,916, and the rural population is 31,404.
Andy Ogilvie
Andy Ogilvie (born January 3, 1965) is a former professional lacrosse player.  He played for the Buffalo Bandits, Vancouver Ravens and Calgary Roughnecks in the National Lacrosse League.  His NLL career lasted from 1999 to 2007.  He was inducted into the Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame in 2014 along with Gary Gait and Paul Gait.

Ogilvie was born in Peterborough, Ontario. In Ogilvie's career, he won the Mann Cup three times (1989 and 1991 with New Westminster Salmonbellies, 2001 with Coquitlam Adanacs, the Minto Cup twice (1983, 1986), the world box lacrosse championships once, and a bronze at the 1994 world field lacrosse championships.

Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame
The Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame is a Canadian lacrosse hall of fame, located in New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada. The Hall was chartered in 1965 by the Canadian Lacrosse Association, and inducted its first class of hall of famers in the following year.
Saturation (magnetic)
sheet steel

silicon steel

cast steel

tungsten steel

magnet steel

cast iron

nickel

cobalt

magnetite

Seen in some magnetic materials, saturation is the state reached when an increase in applied external magnetic field H cannot increase the magnetization of the material further, so the total magnetic flux density B more or less levels off. (Though, magnetization continues to increase very slowly with the field due to paramagnetism.) Saturation is a characteristic of ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials, such as iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys.  Different ferromagnetic materials have different saturation levels.

Ferrimagnetism
A ferrimagnetic material is a material that has populations of atoms with opposing magnetic moments, as in antiferromagnetism, but these moments are unequal in magnitude, so a spontaneous magnetization remains. This can, for example, occur when the populations consist of different atoms or ions (such as Fe2+ and Fe3+).

Like ferromagnetic substances, ferrimagnetic substances are attracted by magnets and can be magnetized to make permanent magnets.  The oldest known magnetic substance, magnetite (Fe3O4), is ferrimagnetic, but was classified as a ferromagnet before Louis Néel discovered ferrimagnetism in 1948. Since the discovery, numerous uses have been found for ferrimagnetic materials, such as hard-drive platters and biomedical applications.

When the material is amorphous, it is sperimagnetic.
Dodole
Dodole is an album by the Serbian noise-rock band Klopka Za Pionira, released in 2009 (see 2009 in music) on the Ne-ton independent label. This album is considered by many to be their most accessible to date. It took the band nearly two years to record and publish it, while they usually released several albums during one year. Thus it represents their most technically advanced effort (the band stated on their website that the album was "...carefully crafted over many months"). Musically, it contains songs with a more mainstream rock'n'roll approach, standard form and length (almost all of the songs are around three minutes, with lyrics, verses and choruses). The name of the album comes from the lyrics of the song "Pagani" (Serbian for pagans), in which the old pagan Slavic ritual of Dodole is mentioned. The cover illustration by Larisa Acikov depicts burning pagan totems.

Verse–chorus form
Verse–chorus form is a musical form going back to the 1840s, in such songs as "Oh! Susanna", "The Daring Young Man on the Flying Trapeze", and many others. It became passé in the early 1900s, with advent of the AABA (with verse) form in the Tin Pan Alley days. It became commonly used in blues and rock and roll in the 1950s, and predominant in rock music since the 1960s. In contrast to 32-bar form, which is focused on the refrain (contrasted and prepared by the B section), in verse–chorus form the chorus is highlighted (prepared and contrasted with the verse).

The chorus often sharply contrasts the verse melodically, rhythmically, and harmonically, and assumes a higher level of dynamics and activity, often with added instrumentation. This is referred to as a "breakout chorus". See: arrangement.
Stoyan Deltchev
Stoyan Deltchev (Bulgarian: Стоян Делчев, born in Plovdiv, July 3, 1959) is a Bulgarian retired artistic gymnast and a European and Olympic champion. He competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, where he won a gold medal in horizontal bar and a bronze medal in the all-around, and he won the all-around at the 1979 European Championships.

International Gymnastics Hall of Fame
The International Gymnastics Hall of Fame, located in Oklahoma City, USA, is a hall of fame dedicated to honoring the achievements and contributions of the world's greatest competitors, coaches and authorities in artistic gymnastics.

The early IGHOF was founded in 1972 by Frank Wells of the National Gymnastics Clinic. It had only one member, Olga Korbut, and disbanded in the late 1970s. The current museum was founded in 1986 by Glenn Sundby, publisher of the International Gymnast Magazine. Initially located in Oceanside, California, it was moved into Oklahoma City in 1997.

The Hall of Fame is housed inside the Science Museum Oklahoma, formerly called the Omniplex.
Flag of Botswana
The national flag of Botswana (Setswana: folaga ya Botswana) consists of a sky blue field cut horizontally in the centre by a black stripe with a thin white frame. Adopted in 1966 to replace the Union Jack, it has been the flag of the Republic of Botswana since the country gained independence that year. It is one of the few African flags that utilises neither the colours of the Pan-Africanist movement nor the colours of the country's leading political party.

Sky blue
Sky blue refers to a collection of shades comparable to that of a clear daytime sky. Typically it is a shade of cyan or light teal, though some iterations are closer to light azure or light blue. The term (as "sky blew") is attested from 1681. A 1585 translation of Nicolas de Nicolay's 1576 Les navigations, peregrinations et voyages faicts en la Turquie includes "the tulbant [turban] of the merchant must be skie coloured".

Displayed at right is the web colour sky blue.
BBC Science Focus
BBC Science Focus (previously BBC Focus) is a British monthly magazine about science and technology published in Bristol, UK by Immediate Media Company. Edited by Daniel Bennett, it covers all aspects of science and technology and is written for general readers as well as people with a knowledge of science. Formerly known as Focus and published by Gruner + Jahr and Nat Mags, the magazine was taken over by BBC Magazines in mid-2005 and renamed BBC Focus. There are also regular science celebrity features and interviews. Their official website is known as Science Focus.

Nat Mags
National Magazine Company (or Nat Mags) is a British magazine publisher based in London. It was established in 1910 by William Randolph Hearst and was a wholly owned subsidiary of the Hearst Corporation.

Arnaud de Puyfontaine became chief executive of Nat Mags in 2009. His predecessor Duncan Edwards had been at the company since around 1990 and was previously managing director. In 2008 The Guardian newspaper named Duncan Edwards the 75th most important person in the British media.

In 2006 Nat Mags expanded into digital media by purchasing women's portal website Handbag.com. Nat Mags soon launched its digital arm Hearst Digital to act as an umbrella for Handbag and its other web acquisition, Net Doctor.

Nat Mags merged with Hachette Filipacchi Médias UK in 2011 to form Hearst Magazines UK.
Sevran–Livry station
Sevran–Livry station is an RER B station in Sevran and near Livry-Gargan, a northerly suburb of Paris, in Seine-Saint-Denis department, France. It is situated on the RER B suburban railway line. It will also be a station for Paris Métro Line 16 in the future.

Seine-Saint-Denis
Seine-Saint-Denis (French pronunciation: [sɛn sɛ̃ d(ə)ni] ⓘ) is a department of France located in the Grand Paris metropolis in the Île-de-France region. In French, it is often referred to colloquially as quatre-vingt treize or neuf trois ("ninety-three" or "nine three"), after its official administrative number, 93. Its prefecture is Bobigny.

In 2019, it had a population of 1,644,903 across 39 communes. In French, the learned but rarely used demonym for the inhabitants of Seine-Saint-Denis is Séquano-Dionysiens; more common is Dionysiens.
Cord (unit)
The cord is a unit of measure of dry volume used to measure firewood and pulpwood in the United States and Canada.

A cord is the amount of wood that, when "racked and well stowed" (arranged so pieces are aligned, parallel, touching, and compact), occupies a volume of 128 cubic feet (3.62 m3). This corresponds to a well-stacked woodpile 4 feet (122 cm) high, 8 feet (244 cm) wide, and 4 feet (122 cm) deep; or any other arrangement of linear measurements that yields the same volume.

The name cord probably comes from the use of a cord or string to measure it.

The face cord is a unit of volume for stacked firewood, 4 feet (122 cm) high, 8 feet (244 cm) wide, and 16 inches (41 cm) deep—equal to 1/3 of a cord. The symbol for the unit is fc - cd.

Rope
A rope is a group of yarns, plies, fibres, or strands that are twisted or braided together into a larger and stronger form. Ropes have high tensile strength and can be used for dragging and lifting. Rope is thicker and stronger than similarly constructed cord, string, and twine.
Shotton Bridge railway station
Shotton Bridge railway station was a railway station built by the North Eastern Railway (NER) on the route of the Hartlepool Dock & Railway (HD&R) as part of a programme of works to modernise that line and link it with the Durham & Sunderland Railway (D&SR) so as to create a railway through-route between West Hartlepool and Sunderland. On opening, the station served the relatively new village of Shotton Colliery, which grew around the nearby Shotton Grange Colliery, as well as Old Shotton on the Stockton to Sunderland turnpike road, further to the east.

Turnpike trust
Turnpike trusts were bodies set up by individual acts of Parliament, with powers to collect road tolls for maintaining the principal roads in Britain from the 17th but especially during the 18th and 19th centuries. At the peak, in the 1830s, over 1,000 trusts  administered around 30,000 miles (48,000 km) of turnpike road in England and Wales, taking tolls at almost 8,000 toll-gates and side-bars.

During the early 19th century the concept of the turnpike trust was adopted and adapted to manage roads within the British Empire (Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, and South Africa) and in the United States.

Turnpikes declined with the coming of the railways and then the Local Government Act 1888 gave responsibility for maintaining main roads to county councils and county borough councils.
Trams in Sofia
The Sofia tram network is a vital part of the public transportation system of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. It began operation on January 1, 1901. As of 2006, the tram system included approximately 308 kilometres (191 miles) of narrow and standard gauge one-way track. Most of the track is a narrow gauge (1,009 mm (3 ft 3+23⁄32 in)), with standard gauge (1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)) used on lines 20, 21, 22 and 23 and accounting for approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) of the system's track length.

Railway track
Railway track (CwthE and UIC terminology) or railroad track (NAmE), also known as permanent way (per way) (CwthE) or "P way" (BrE and Indian English), is the structure on a railway or railroad consisting of the rails, fasteners, sleepers (railroad ties in American English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade. It enables trains to move by providing a dependable, low-friction surface on which steel wheels can roll. Early tracks were constructed with wooden or cast-iron rails, and wooden or stone sleepers. Since the 1870s, rails have almost universally been made from steel.
Amauris crawshayi
Amauris crawshayi is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Cameroon, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi and Zambia. The habitat consists of forests.

The larvae feed on Vincetoxicum (syn. Tylophora) (including V. anomala), Marsdenia, Cynanchum, Gymnema and Secamone species.

Gymnema
Gymnema (Neo-Latin, from Greek γυμνὀς gymnos, "naked" and νῆμα, nēma, "thread") is a genus in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1810.

One species, Gymnema sylvestre, is commonly used as a dietary supplement and has the ability to suppress the taste of sweetness.

Species

formerly included
Qijianglong
Qijianglong is a genus of herbivorous mamenchisaurid sauropod dinosaurs. It is known from the Suining Formation of China, which is of a debated age (reported as Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous using different methods). The genus contains a single species, Qijianglong guokr, known from a partial skeleton including cranial bones, most of the neck and tail, and other associated elements.

Qijiang, Chongqing
Qijiang District (Chinese: 綦江区; pinyin: Qíjiāng Qū) is a district of Chongqing, China, bordering Guizhou province to the south. The district has an area of 2,748 km2 and a population of 1,213,770 (de facto resident population 825,500 as of 2017).

In October 2011, Qijiang County and Wansheng District were merged to form the new Qijiang District.
Masking (comics)
Masking (or the masking effect) is a visual style used in comics, first described by American cartoonist Scott McCloud in his book Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art. McCloud argues that characters with simple but recognizable designs, which he terms "iconic" characters, allow readers to project themselves into the story by using the characters as a "mask". He further argues that the juxtaposition of iconic characters with detailed backgrounds, characters, or objects can create meaning and strengthen or weaken readers' emotional and psychological connection to certain elements of the graphic narrative.

Masking can be found in various media outside of comics, such as animation, picture books and video games (especially visual novels). Masking is commonly used in manga and anime; McCloud states that masking "was, for a time, virtually a national style" in Japan.

Meaning (non-linguistic)
Non-linguistic (or pre-linguistic) meaning is a type of meaning not mediated or perceived through linguistic signs.

In linguistics, the concept is used in discussions. It is whether about such meaning is different from meaning expressed through language (i.e. semantics), It is also Interesting, should play a role in linguistic theory, or to which extent thought and conceptualization is affected by linguistic knowledge (as in the language of thought hypothesis or linguistic relativity).
York South—Weston (provincial electoral district)
York South—Weston is a provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario since 1999.

Its Member of Provincial Parliament is Progressive Conservative Mohamed Firin.

Member of Provincial Parliament (Canada)
Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) is the title of an elected member of the Legislative Assembly of the Canadian province of Ontario. Elsewhere in Canada, the titular designation "Member of Provincial Parliament" has also been used to refer to members of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1791 to 1838, and to members of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1955 to 1968.
Ali Jahanshahi
Ali Jahanshahi (Persian: علی جهانشاهی) is a Brigadier General of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army who has served as the Commander of the Ground Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army since November 2025.

Islamic Republic of Iran Army Ground Forces
The Islamic Republic of Iran Army Ground Forces (Persian: نیروی زمینی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Niruye Zaminiye Arteše Jomhuriye Eslâmiye Irân) (Persian: نزاجا, NEZAJA) are the conventional ground forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces (Artesh). In Iran, it is also called Artesh, (ارتش) which is Persian for "army."

In 2025, the Central Intelligence Agency estimated that the regular Iranian Army ground forces had 350,000 personnel. Conscripts serve for 21 months as of 2015. Iran has two parallel land forces with some integration at the command level: the regular Artesh (Army), and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, also known as the Sepâh (IRGC). Thus the IRGC Ground Forces parallel the Artesh's regular ground forces.
Bakor
Bakor is a village situated in Middle East area of Gujarat state of India. It is a capital of Khanpur Taluka of The Mahisagar district having maximum population of Adivasis, Patels and Brahmins. Main business of people of village is Agriculture, Agriculture Labour and Animal husbandry. Main crop of the village are Maize, Wheat, Pearl millet, Pigeon pea and Vegetable. The village is having facilities of Gram panchayat, Kindergarten and Primary school.

Patel
Patel is an Indian surname or title, predominantly found in the state of Gujarat, representing the community of land-owning farmers and later (with the British East India Company) businessmen, agriculturalists and merchants. Traditionally the title is a status name referring to the village chieftains during medieval times, and was later retained as successive generations stemmed out into communities of landowners. Circa 2015 there are roughly 500,000 Patels outside India, including about 150,000 in the United Kingdom and about 150,000 in the United States. As of the 2000 U.S. census, nearly 1 in 10 people of Indian origin in the US is a Patel.
Edward Janczewski
Edward Janczewski (Edward Franciszek Janczewski-Glinka) (14 December 1846, Blinstrubiszki, Kovno Governorate –  17 July 1918, Kraków) was a Polish biologist (taxonomist, anatomist, and morphologist), rector of the Jagiellonian University, and member of the Academy of Learning. He married Jadwiga Szetkiewicz (1856–1941).

Kovno Governorate
Kovno Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Kovno (Kaunas). It was formed on 18 December 1842 by Tsar Nicholas I from the western part of Vilna Governorate, and the order was carried out on 1 July 1843. It was part of the Vilna Governorate-General and Northwestern Krai. The governorate included almost the entire Lithuanian region of Samogitia and the northern part of Aukštaitija.
EastCham Finland
EastCham Finland (EastCham Finland kauppakamariyhdistys ry.) is a non-profit organization, whose mission is to promote companies' business and competitiveness as well as economic relations in Ukraine, Central Asia and Southern Caucasus.

EastCham Finland is headquartered in Helsinki. It has offices also in Almaty, Kazakhstan and Kyiv, Ukraine.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.