hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gray-Jewett House
The Gray-Jewett House is a historic home located at 80 Florida Avenue in Amsterdam, Montgomery County, New York.  It was built in 1890 and is a 2+1⁄2-story, brick, transitional Queen Anne / Colonial Revival–style residence on a limestone foundation.  Also on the property is a carriage house / garage and ice house.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Montgomery County, New York
Montgomery County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 49,532. The county seat is Fonda. The county was named in honor of Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general killed in 1775 at the Battle of Quebec. The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.

The county is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy combined statistical area.

Historically occupied by the Mohawk people, one of the original Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy, the county was created in 1772 during the period of British colonial rule as Tryon County. In 1784, after the Americans gained independence in the War, it was renamed Montgomery County for one of the heroes.

Montgomery County comprises the Amsterdam, NY micropolitan statistical area. The county borders the north and south banks of the Mohawk River.
R.A.A.F. Eagles Over New Guinea
R.A.A.F. Eagles Over New Guinea is a 1943 Australian newsreel from Cinesound Productions focusing on the role of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) during the New Guinea Campaign in World War II. It includes combat footage taken by Damien Parer.

A copy of the newsreel has survived but not with sound.

Damien Parer
Damien Peter Parer (1 August 1912 – 17 September 1944) was an Australian war photographer. He became famous for his war photography of the Second World War, and was killed by Japanese machine-gun fire at Peleliu, Palau. He was cinematographer for Australia's first Oscar-winning film, Kokoda Front Line!, an edition of the weekly newsreel, Cinesound Review, which was produced by Ken G. Hall.
Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 40-150mm f/4-5.6
The M.Zuiko Digital ED 40-150mm f/4.0-5.6 is a Micro Four Thirds System lens by Olympus Corporation. It is sold as a standalone item, and also as part of a kit along with bodies for all cameras in the Olympus PEN series (the discontinued E-P1 and the current E-P2, E-PL1, E-PL2, E-P3, E-PL3, E-PM1, E-PM2 and E-PL5).

The lens is available in black or silver. An updated "r" variant is available which appears to have identical basic characteristics and only minor cosmetic differences.

Olympus PEN E-PL3
The Olympus PEN E-PL3 announced on 30 June 2011 is Olympus Corporation's seventh camera that adheres to the Micro Four Thirds (MFT) system design standard.  The E-PL3 succeeds the Olympus PEN E-PL2, and was announced in concert with two other models, the Olympus PEN E-P3 (the flagship version), and the Olympus PEN E-PM1 (a new "Mini" version of the PEN camera line with similar features to the E-PL3).  The E-PL3 is commonly said to be the "Lite" (less full featured) version of the E-P3, much as the E-PL1 and E-PL2 were "Lite" versions of the E-P1 and E-P2, respectively.
Alfredo Shahanga
Alfredo Shahanga (born 14 April 1965) is a retired long-distance runner from Tanzania, who won the 1989 edition of the Vienna Marathon. In the same year he triumphed at the 16th Berlin Marathon on 1 October in a time of 2:10:11. Shahanga represented his native country in the men's marathon at the 1991 World Championships in Tokyo, Japan.

Shahanga was an All-American runner for the UTEP Miners track and field team, finishing 3rd in the 10,000 metres at the 1986 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships. He left the school after the 1986 season because it was on NCAA probation.

Alfredo is the brother of fellow UTEP Miners runner Gidamis Shahanga. He said of his brother, "I have always lived in his shadow".

1986 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1986 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships were contested June 4−7, 1986 at Carroll Stadium in Indianapolis, Indiana, in order to determine the individual and team national champions of men's and women's collegiate Division I outdoor track and field events in the United States.

These were the 64th annual men's championships and the fifth annual women's championships. Even though these championships were contested in Indianapolis, they were technically hosted by Indiana University Bloomington. Carroll Stadium, the event's site, is actually located near IUPUI, another school belonging to the Indiana University system. This was the Hoosiers' second time hosting the event and the first since 1966 (held in Bloomington).

Southern Methodist University and Texas topped the men's and women's team standings, respectively; it was the Mustangs' second men's team title and the first for the Longhorn women.
Sir Bonar Neville-Kingdom
Sir Bonar Neville-Kingdom is an Internet hoax focusing around statements, Twitters and video interviews by a man purporting to be Permanent Secretary at Large and variously Technology Outreach Czar and Big Data Czar for Her Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom.

Permanent secretary
A permanent secretary is the most senior civil servant of a department or ministry charged with running the department or ministry's day-to-day activities. Permanent secretaries are the non-political civil service chief executives of government departments or ministries, who generally hold their position for a number of years (thus "permanent") at a ministry as distinct from the changing political secretaries of state to whom they report and provide advice. The role originated in the civil service of the United Kingdom and has been adopted in several Commonwealth countries as well as other countries influenced by the Westminster system.
Juhayna Food Industries
Juhayna Food Industries (Arabic: جهينة للصناعات الغذائية, romanized: Juhayna lil-Ṣināʿāt el-Ghidhāʾiyya) is an Egyptian food and beverage company established in 1983. It commenced production of dairy, yogurt, and juice products in April 1987 with an initial capital of EGP 1.3 million. In 2004, Juhayna Dairy was merged into Juhayna Food Industries, consolidating its operations into a single entity specializing in the production of milk, dairy products, and juices.

The company owns five industrial subsidiaries, in addition to entities dedicated to sales and logistics, as well as agricultural and animal production. Juhayna began its formal corporate activities in January 1996. It holds a licensed capital of EGP 5 billion, with a paid-up capital of EGP 706,053,811, distributed over 706,053,811 shares at a nominal value of EGP 1 per share. The company was listed on the stock exchange in May 2010 and is included in the benchmark EGX 30 index.

Egyptian pound
The Egyptian pound (Egyptian Arabic: جنيه مصرى [ɡeˈneː ˈmɑsˤri, ˈɡeni-]; abbreviations: £, E£, £E, LE, or EGP in Latin, and ج.م. in Arabic,  ISO code: EGP) is the official currency of Egypt. It is divided into 100 piastres, (or qirsh, قرش [ʔerʃ]; plural قروش [ʔʊˈruːʃ]; abbreviation: PT, short for "piastre tarif") and was historically divided into 1,000 milliemes (مليم  [mælˈliːm]; French: millième, abbreviated to m or mill).

Since July 6, 2022, the 10- and 20-pound notes have been made out of polymer plastic paper.
Polasara Assembly constituency
Polasara is a Vidhan Sabha constituency of Ganjam district, Odisha.

This constituency includes Polasara, Buguda, Polasara block and Buguda block.

The constituency was formed in 2008 Delimitation and went for polls in 2009 election.

2009 Orissa Legislative Assembly election
The 2009 Odisha Legislative Assembly election took place in April 2009, concurrently with the general election. The elections were held in the state in two phases. The results were declared on 16 May. Despite having recently separated from the Bharatiya Janata Party after an eleven-year partnership, the Biju Janata Dal (BJD) retained power in the Odisha State Assembly with a more convincing majority. Party chief Naveen Patnaik was formally re-elected as the BJD Legislature party leader on 19 May, thus paving the way for his third consecutive term as the Chief Minister of Odisha.
Akademik Shokalskiy
MV Akademik Shokalskiy (Russian: Академик Шокальский) is a Russian Akademik Shuleykin-class ice-strengthened ship, built in Finland in 1982 and originally used for oceanographic research. In 1998 she was fully refurbished to serve as a research ship for Arctic and Antarctic work. For two weeks from 25 December 2013 Akademik Shokalskiy was trapped in thick ice in Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica, while operating an expedition for the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013–2014. The scientists and passengers were evacuated on 2 January. The ship has more recently been used as a cruise ship for expeditions.

Research vessel
A research vessel (RV or R/V) is a ship or boat designed, modified, or equipped to carry out research at sea. Research vessels carry out a number of roles which can be combined into a single vessel but others require a dedicated vessel. Due to the demanding nature of the work, research vessels may be constructed around an icebreaker hull, allowing them to operate in polar waters.
Khati
Khati is a Hindu sub-caste of Vishwakarma community which mainly resides in the northern Indian states of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and the National Capital Region-Delhi. Apart from Khati, they are also addressed as Jangid, Jangra-Brahmin and are classified as an Other Backward Class caste in the central list of National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC).

In Marwar, a carpenter is called a "Khati". It seems that the word Khati has been derived from the word Kath (काठ). Kath means wood and Khatis are engaged in the business of making wooden articles as carpenters. A Khati is the same person who is called a Badai (बढ़ई) in the North West and Tarkhan in Punjab. He is called Sutar in Gorwar district, and Vinayak in Jalore district.

The people of Khati caste believe that they originated from Vishwakarma and respect their oaths very much.

National Commission for Backward Classes
The National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) is a constitutional body under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India. It was originally a statutory body established in 1993 through the National Commission for Backward Classes Act of 1993. In 2018, through the 102nd constitutional amendment, it was granted constitutional status under Article 338B of the Constitution of India.

The main work of the commission is to participate in and advise actively on the socio-economic development of the socially backward classes (OBCs) along with evaluating the progress of their development.
Viterbo, Texas
Viterbo is an unincorporated community in central Jefferson County, Texas, United States. It is located along West Port Arthur Road and the Southern Pacific Railroad, seven miles (11 km) south of downtown Beaumont and across a highway from the unincorporated area of Beauxart Gardens.

A railroad stop was established during a period after 1898. It was named after J. and L. Viterbo, who were Italian American rice farmers who left Lake Charles, Louisiana, for Texas in 1895; the brothers wanted more inexpensive land prices. The brothers purchased a 1,600-acre (6.5 km2) tract north of the Hillebrandt Bayou and established a farm there. In the 1970s the Viterbo area had many ditches, irrigation canals, and pumping stations.

Lake Charles, Louisiana
Lake Charles is the fifth-most populous city in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and the parish seat of Calcasieu Parish, located on the namesake lake, Prien Lake, and the Calcasieu River. Founded in 1861 in Calcasieu Parish, it is a major industrial, cultural, and educational center in the southwest region of Louisiana. As of the 2020 U.S. census, Lake Charles's population was 84,872.

The city and metropolitan area of Lake Charles is considered a significant center of petrochemical refining, gambling, tourism, and education, being home to McNeese State University and Sowela Technical Community College. Because of the lakes and waterways throughout the city, metropolitan Lake Charles is often called the "Lake Area".
Theriogenology
Theriogenology is a specialty of veterinary medicine concerned with animal reproduction. This includes the physiology and pathology of male and female reproductive systems of animals and the clinical practice of veterinary obstetrics, gynecology, andrology and assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Theriogenologists are veterinarians with advanced training in animal reproduction like semen analysis, evaluation and processing, breeding soundness, in vitro fertilisation (IVF), embryo transfer and obstetrics.  In the United States, all theriogenologists are board-certified by the American College of Theriogenologists. The English word derives from the Greek words for beast (therio), creation (gen), and study (logos).

Assisted reproductive technology
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) includes medical procedures used primarily to address infertility. This subject involves procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and cryopreservation of gametes and embryos, and the use of fertility medication. When used to address infertility, ART may also be referred to as fertility treatment. ART primarily belongs to the field of reproductive endocrinology and infertility Some forms of ART may be used about fertile couples for genetic purposes (see preimplantation genetic diagnosis). ART may also be used in surrogacy arrangements, although not all surrogacy arrangements involve ART.
The existence of sterility will not always require ART to be the first option to consider, as there are occasions when its cause is a mild disorder that can be solved with more conventional treatments or with behaviors based on promoting health and reproductive habits.
Temptation Island India
Temptation Island India: Pyaar Ki Pariksha (transl. Temptation Island India: Test of Love) is an Indian reality dating game show based on Temptation Island premiered on JioCinema. Produced by Deepak Dhar under Banijay Asia, the series is filmed in Alibaug, Maharashtra and is hosted by Karan Kundrra and Mouni Roy.
In the show, several couples agree to live with a group of singles of the opposite sex, in order to test the strength of their relationships.

Alibag
Alibag, also known as Alibaug (Pronunciation: [əlibaːɡ]), is a coastal city and a municipal council in the Raigad district of Maharashtra, India. It is the headquarters of the Raigad district, and is south of the city of Mumbai. Alibag is part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region and is situated at a distance of about 96 km from Mumbai and 143 km from Pune.

Alibag is a holy place for Padmakshi Renuka, who is also known as the goddess of Konkan.
Solidaridad Bookshop
Solidaridad is a bookstore in the Ermita district of Manila, the Philippines. Having first opened its doors in 1964, it is owned by Philippine national artist F. Sionil José and managed by his family after his and his wife's death. It is sometimes called "the best little bookstore in Asia."

The shop features the owner's own works and works by other Filipino authors such as Jose Rizal, Nick Joaquin, Paz Marquez Benitez, N.V.M. Gonzalez, Gilda Cordero-Fernando, Bienvenido Santos, and Lualhati Bautista.  Selected foreign titles are also offered at the bookstore. It has been claimed that they have the widest selection of Filipiniana works in the Philippines.

In 2025, José's heirs put the store for sale. It was sold to Leandro Leviste, a friend of José, in November.

Gilda Cordero-Fernando
Gilda Cordero-Fernando (June 4, 1930 – August 27, 2020) was a Filipino writer, publisher, visual artist, fashion designer, theater producer, and social activist known for writing and publishing numerous works exploring Filipino culture, for her influence as a mentor and supporter of many of the Philippines cultural workers, and for her prominent "colorful presence in the Philippine literary scene."
Clara Santato
Clara Santato is an Italian electronics engineer who works in Canada as a professor in the Polytechnique Montréal Department of Engineering Physics, where she holds a tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Sustainable Organic Electronics: Materials, Processes and Devices and the UNESCO Chair in Green and Sustainable Electronics. Her research involves photoelectrochemistry, optoelectronics, bioelectronics, and sustainable electronics, including the photocatalysis of hydrogen from water and the use of biological pigments such as melanin in biocompatible electrodes.

Photocatalysis
In chemistry, photocatalysis is the acceleration of a photoreaction in the presence of a photocatalyst, the excited state of which "repeatedly interacts with the reaction partners forming reaction intermediates and regenerates itself after each cycle of such interactions." In many cases, the catalyst is a solid that upon irradiation with UV- or visible light generates electron–hole pairs that generate free radicals. Photocatalysts belong to three main groups; heterogeneous, homogeneous, and plasmonic antenna-reactor catalysts. The use of each catalysts depends on the preferred application and required catalysis reaction.
San Mateo County Community College District
The San Mateo County Community College District is a community college system in California, United States. It includes three institutions: College of San Mateo in San Mateo, Cañada College in Redwood City, and Skyline College in San Bruno. The district serves more than 25,000 students each day with both day and evening classes.

San Mateo, California
San Mateo is the most populous city in San Mateo County, California, United States, on the San Francisco Peninsula. It is part of the San Francisco Bay Area metropolitan region, and is located about 20 miles (32 km) south of San Francisco. San Mateo borders Burlingame to the north, Hillsborough to the west, San Francisco Bay and Foster City to the east and Belmont to the south. The population was 105,661 at the 2020 census.  Some of the biggest economic drivers for the city include technology, health care and education.
Walter Burkert
Walter Burkert (German: [ˈbʊɐ̯kɐt]; 2 February 1931 – 11 March 2015) was a German scholar of Greek mythology and cult.

A professor of classics at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, he taught in the UK and the US.  He has influenced generations of students of religion since the 1960s, combining in the modern way the findings of archaeology and epigraphy with the work of poets, historians, and philosophers. He was a member of both the American Philosophical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

He published books on the balance between lore and science among the followers of Pythagoras, and more extensively on ritual and archaic cult survival, on the ritual killing at the heart of religion, on mystery religions, and on the reception in the Hellenic world of Near Eastern and Persian culture, which sets Greek religion in its wider Aegean and Near Eastern context.

Culture of Iran
The culture of Iran (Persian: فرهنگ ایران) or culture of Persia is one of the oldest and among the most influential in the world. Iran (Persia) is widely regarded as one of the cradles of civilization. Because of its dominant geopolitical position in the world, it has heavily influenced peoples and cultures situated in Southern and Eastern Europe to the west; Central Asia to the north; and South Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia to the east. Iranian history has significantly influenced the world through art, architecture, poetry, science and technology, medicine, philosophy, and engineering.

An "eclectic cultural elasticity" has been said to be one of the key defining characteristics of the Iranian identity and a clue to its historical longevity.
Taxila haquinus
Taxila haquinus, the harlequin or orange harlequin, is a butterfly from the family Riodinidae. It is found from India east to Palawan and south to Java.

The male is blackish or velvety-brown above, occasionally in continental races with a white or bluish-violet subapical area, the apex with a red-brown tinge even in all the insular branches, female ground colour shading off from dull greyish-brown to a beautiful intense red-brown, either with a white or more rarely reddish-yellow oblique band of the forewings. Upper surface of the females with two rows of partially blurred, square, grey or black spots. Beneath always lighter brown than in the male the transcellular band of the forewings more pronounced than above. Under surface of the males dark, of the females lighter red-brown, but analogous in the markings in as much as both pair of wings are decorated with three rows of steel-glossy, greyish-violet, proximally black-covered violet maculae.

Bombay Natural History Society
The Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), founded on 15 September 1883, is one of the largest non-governmental organisations in India engaged in conservation and biodiversity research. It supports many research efforts through grants and publishes the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. Many prominent naturalists, including the ornithologists Sálim Ali and S. Dillon Ripley, have been associated with it.
Jay Lake
Joseph Edward "Jay" Lake, Jr. (June 6, 1964 – June 1, 2014) was an American science fiction and fantasy writer. In 2003 he was a quarterly first-place winner in the Writers of the Future contest. In 2004 he won the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer in Science Fiction. He lived in Portland, Oregon, and worked as a product manager for a voice services company.

Lake's writings appeared in numerous publications, including Postscripts, Realms of Fantasy, Interzone, Strange Horizons, Asimov's Science Fiction, Nemonymous, and the Mammoth Book of Best New Horror. He was an editor for the "Polyphony" anthology series from Wheatland Press, and was also a contributor to The Internet Review of Science Fiction.

Interzone (magazine)
Interzone is a British fantasy and science fiction magazine. Published since 1982, Interzone is the eighth-longest-running English language science fiction magazine in history, and the longest-running British science fiction (SF) magazine. Stories published in Interzone have been finalists for the Hugo Awards and have won a Nebula Award and numerous British Science Fiction Awards.
TVN (Australian TV channel)
TVN (Thoroughbred Vision) was an Australian thoroughbred horse-racing TV channel. It was carried on Foxtel, Austar and Optus TV, as well as other subscription TV services. The channel was set up by the Victorian thoroughbred racing industry and Sydney metropolitan racing clubs as an alternative to Sky Racing and as an attempt by the racing clubs concerned "to capture the valuable assets of racing media rights and leverage them to the benefit of racing".

TVN was 50% owned by Victorian racings organisations Melbourne Racing Club, Victoria Racing Club, Moonee Valley Racing Club and Country Racing Victoria; and 50% by the Sydney-based, Australian Turf Club.  It launched in May 2005 and ceased almost 10 years later in March 2015.

Melbourne Racing Club
The Melbourne Racing Club (MRC) is one of three metropolitan horse racing clubs in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It began life as the Victoria Amateur Turf Club in 1875, with E. C. Moore as the club's first Secretary. The first VATC race meeting was held at Dowling Forest Racecourse in Ballarat, on Friday, 24 March 1876. Within six months, the VATC was granted use of Crown land at Caulfield as a permanent home in Melbourne.