hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1919 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 8
The 1919 Tour de France was the 13th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Paris with a flat stage on 29 June, and Stage 8 occurred on 13 July with a flat stage to Marseille. The race finished in Paris on 27 July.

Cherbourg-en-Cotentin
Cherbourg-en-Cotentin (French pronunciation: [ʃɛʁbuʁ ɑ̃ kɔtɑ̃tɛ̃], lit. 'Cherbourg in Cotentin'; Norman: Tchidbouo) is a major port city in the department of Manche, Normandy, northwestern France, established on 1 January 2016. The commune takes its name from Cherbourg, the main town of the commune, and from the Cotentin Peninsula. Cherbourg is an important commercial, ferry and military port on the English Channel.

Cherbourg-en-Cotentin is a maritime prefecture and a sub-prefecture of Manche. The merger makes it the most populous commune in the department, with 79,144 inhabitants as of 2018 (of which 35,545 in Cherbourg-Octeville) and the largest city of the department, ahead of the Saint-Lô prefecture, and the second-largest city  in the region, after Caen. Its urban unit is composed of three communes (Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, Martinvast and Tollevast) and has 81,963 inhabitants (2018). Its larger functional area covers 77 communes and had 152,630 inhabitants as of 2018.
Ned Djilali
Nedjib Djilali (born August 1, 1953) is a Canadian engineering professor and researcher specializing in sustainable energy and thermofluid sciences. He holds the Canada Research Chair in Advanced Energy Systems Design and Computational Modelling at the University of Victoria. Djilali is a Highly Cited Researcher, and a fellow of both the Canadian Academy of Engineering (2010) and the Royal Society of Canada (2013).

Canadian Academy of Engineering
The Canadian Academy of Engineering (French: L'Académie canadienne du génie) is a national academy of distinguished professional engineers in fields of engineering, who are elected on the basis of "their distinguished service and contribution to society, to the country and to the profession". Founded in 1987, the academy has over 750 Fellows. 
The academy's 36-year history has been published on their website.
1892 Recreo earthquake
The 1892 Recreo earthquake took place in the Catamarca Province of Argentina on 21 March at about 01:45 AM, with magnitude of 6.0 on the Richter scale. Its epicenter was located approximately at 29°30′S 65°0′W﻿ / ﻿29.500°S 65.000°W﻿ / -29.500; -65.000, and at a depth of about 30 kilometres (19 mi).

The earthquake had a maximum felt intensity of VII on the Mercalli intensity scale. It caused some fatalities and serious structural damage in the town of Recreo.

Catamarca Province
Catamarca (Spanish pronunciation: [kataˈmaɾka]) is a province of Argentina, located in the northwest of the country. The province had a population of 429,556 as per the 2022 census [INDEC], and covers an area of 102,602 km2. Its literacy rate is 95.5%. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise, from the north): Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Córdoba, and La Rioja. To the west it borders the country of Chile.

The capital is San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, usually shortened to Catamarca. Other important cities include Andalgalá, Tinogasta, and Belén.
David Johnson (Iowa politician)
David Johnson (born 1950) was the Iowa State Senator from the 1st District and served as assistant minority leader. A former Republican and currently independent, he served in the Iowa Senate from 2003 to 2019 and served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1999 to 2003.

Johnson served on several committees in the Iowa Senate – the Appropriations committee; the Education committee; the Human Resources committee; the Natural Resources committee; and the Agriculture committee, where he was the ranking member.  He also served as the ranking member of the Health and Human Services Appropriations Subcommittee.

Republican Party of Iowa
The Republican Party of Iowa (RPI) is the affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Iowa. The State Central Committee is chaired by Jeff Kaufmann. The RPI operates the Republican side of the Iowa caucuses and previously sponsored the Iowa Straw Poll.

The RPI has rapidly gained ground in Iowa in recent years. It is currently the dominant party in the state, controlling all but one statewide executive office, both of the state's U.S. Senate seats, all four of its U.S. House seats, and supermajorities in both chambers of the state legislature. Its main rival is the Iowa Democratic Party.
Erika Géczi
Erika Géczi (born 10 March 1959) is a retired Hungarian canoe sprinter who competed in the 1980s. She won a silver medal in the K-4 500 m event at the 1988 Summer Olympics, as well as six medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-4 500 m: 1986), three silvers (K-2 500 m: 1982, 1983; K-4 500 m: 1987), and two bronzes (K-4 500 m: 1982, 1985).

Géczi is an accomplished rock musician and singer who performed with the Hungarian bands Sextett, Rockfort, Kormorán and Örökség.

1987 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1987 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Duisburg, West Germany for the second time. The West German city hosted the championships previously in 1979.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the 21st championships in canoe sprint.
Cooperative strategy
Cooperative Strategy refers to a planning strategy in which two or more firms work together in order to achieve a common objective. Several companies apply cooperative strategies to increase their profits through cooperation with other companies that stop being competitors.

A cooperative strategy gives a company advantages, specially to companies that have a lack of competitiveness, know how or resources. This strategy gives to the company the possibility to fulfill the lack of competitiveness.

Cooperative strategy also offers access to new and wider market to companies and the possibility of learning through cooperation. Cooperative strategy has been recently applied by companies that want to open their markets and have a liberalist vision of negotiation through cooperation.

Procedural knowledge
Procedural knowledge, also known as know-how, is the knowledge exercised in the performance of some task. Unlike descriptive knowledge (also known as declarative knowledge, propositional knowledge or "knowing-that"), which involves knowledge of specific propositions (e.g. "I know that snow is white"), in other words facts that can be expressed using declarative sentences, procedural knowledge involves one's ability to do something (e.g. "I know how to change a flat tire"). A person does not need to be able to verbally articulate their procedural knowledge in order for it to count as knowledge, since procedural knowledge requires only knowing how to correctly perform an action or exercise a skill.

The term procedural knowledge has narrower but related technical uses in both cognitive psychology and intellectual property law.
Claire Voyant (album)
The eponymous debut album of Claire Voyant was first released in 1995. In 1997 it was reissued on the German label Hyperium Records, and was re-released once more in 2000 under Accession Records.

Each release of the album features very different artwork.

Hyperium Records
Hyperium Records was a German independent record label specializing in darkwave, neoclassical, ethereal, gothic rock, and ambient music, founded by Oliver Roesch (also known as "Oli" Roesch) and Oliver van Essenberg in 1991. Roesch died on August 1, 2002, in a motorcycle accident.
Nepton River North
The Nepton River North is a tributary of the Nepton River (Chibougamau Lake), flowing into the Municipality of Eeyou Istchee Baie-James, in Jamésie, in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, in the province of Quebec, to Canada.

The course of the river flows entirely into McCorkill Township.

The hydrographic slope of the "Nepton River North" is accessible by a forest road serving the eastern side of Chibougamau Lake; this the last is connected by the North to route 167 which also serves the south side of Waconichi Lake and the Waconichi River. This last road comes from Chibougamau, going north-east to the south-eastern part of Mistassini Lake.

The surface of the "Nepton North River" is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice circulation is usually from mid-November to mid-April.

Chibougamau
Chibougamau (French pronunciation: [ʃibuɡamo]) is the largest town in Nord-du-Québec, central Quebec, Canada. Located on Lake Gilman, it has a population of 7,233 people (2021 Canadian census). Chibougamau is surrounded by, but not part of, the local municipality of Eeyou Istchee James Bay. Chibougamau means "gathering place" in the Cree language.

Its remoteness from Lac Saint-Jean (over 200 km (120 mi) south-east) and Abitibi-Témiscamingue (over 250 km (160 mi) south-west) areas causes Chibougamau to provide services for a few smaller communities surrounding it (Mistissini, Oujé-Bougoumou, and Chapais) and for the regional resource-based industries. Despite Chibougamau's remoteness, it is only about as far north as Winnipeg and is south of any part of the mainland of England.

Access to the town is by Route 167 from Lac Saint-Jean and by Route 113 from Lebel-sur-Quévillon. Chibougamau/Chapais Airport is along Route 113, about halfway to Chapais.
Calla Creek
Calla Creek	 is a village in the	Cayo District of central interior Belize.	It is situated along the Mopan River near the border with Guatemala. The village is in an agricultural region with the most frequent crops being citrus and banana. It is one of 192 municipalities administered at the village level in the country for census taking purposes.

Mopan River
The Mopan River is a river in Central America spanning the Petén Department of Guatemala and the Cayo District of Belize. It merges with the Macal River at Branch Mouth, Belize, forming the Belize River, which ultimately discharges into the Caribbean Sea. The drainage area of the combined watershed is 9,434.2 km2 (3,642.6 sq mi). Tributaries of the Mopan include Chiquibul Branch, Ceiba Grande, Salisipuedes, and Delores.
Chamberlain's Theory of Strategy
Geoffrey P. Chamberlain's theory of strategy was first published in 2010. The theory draws on the work of Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., Kenneth R. Andrews, Henry Mintzberg and James Brian Quinn  but is more specific and attempts to cover the main areas they did not address.  Chamberlain analyzes the strategy construct by treating it as a combination of four factors.

Alfred D. Chandler Jr.
Alfred DuPont Chandler Jr. (September 15, 1918 – May 9, 2007) was a professor of business history at Harvard Business School and Johns Hopkins University, who wrote extensively about the scale and the management structures of modern corporations. His works redefined business and economic history of industrialization. He received the Pulitzer Prize for History for The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business (1977). He was a member of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. He has been called "the doyen of American business historians".
Marayniyuq (Junín)
Marayniyuq (Quechua maran, maray batan or grindstone, maray to tear down, to knock down, -ni, -yuq suffixes, "the one with the grind stone", also spelled Maraynioc) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 m (15,700 ft) high . It is located in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, Marcapomacocha District. It lies north of Mishipa Ñawin.

Grindstone
A grindstone, also known as grinding stone, is a sharpening stone used for grinding or sharpening ferrous tools, used since ancient times. Tools are sharpened by the stone's abrasive qualities that remove material from the tool through friction in order to create a fine edge. Similar to sandpaper, each stone has a different grit that will result in sharper or duller tools. In Australia, Aboriginal peoples created grinding grooves by repeated shaping of stone axes against outcrops of sandstone.
Northeastern State RiverHawks
The Northeastern State RiverHawks are the athletic teams that represent Northeastern State University, located in Tahlequah, Oklahoma, in intercollegiate sports as a member of the Division II ranks of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), primarily competing in the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association (MIAA) for most of its sports since the 2012–13 academic year; while its men's soccer team competes in the Great American Conference (GAC). The RiverHawks previously competed as an NCAA D-II Independent during the 2011–12 school year; in the D-II Lone Star Conference (LSC) from 1997–98 to 2010–11; and in the Oklahoma Intercollegiate Conference (OIC) of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) from 1974–75 to 1996–97.

Tahlequah, Oklahoma
Tahlequah (/ˈtæləkwɑː/ TAL-ə-kwah; Cherokee: ᏓᎵᏆ, daligwa [dàlígʷá]) is a city in Cherokee County, Oklahoma located at the foothills of the Ozark Mountains. It is part of the Green Country region of Oklahoma and was established as a capital of the 19th-century Cherokee Nation in 1839, as part of the new settlement in Indian Territory after the Cherokee Native Americans were forced west from the American Southeast on the Trail of Tears.

As of the 2020 census, Tahlequah had a population of 16,209.

Tahlequah is the capital of the two federally recognized Cherokee tribes based in Oklahoma, the modern Cherokee Nation and the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians. Tahlequah is also the county seat of Cherokee County. The main campus of Northeastern State University is located in the city.
The Bonehunters
The Bonehunters is a fantasy novel by Canadian author Steven Erikson, the sixth volume in his epic fantasy series, the Malazan Book of the Fallen. The Bonehunters is a direct sequel to the fourth volume, House of Chains, and alludes to events in the fifth, Midnight Tides.

High fantasy
High fantasy, or epic fantasy, is a subgenre of fantasy defined by the epic nature of its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, or plot. High fantasy is usually set in an alternative, fictional ("secondary") world, rather than the "real" or "primary" world. This secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world. By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set on Earth, the primary or real world, or a rational and familiar fictional world with the inclusion of magical elements.
Natta (surname)
Natta is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessandro Natta (1918–2001), Italian politician

Camille Natta (born 1977), French actress

Giulio Natta (1903–1979), Italian chemist and Nobel laureate

Mark Natta (born 2002), Australian soccer player

Yumi Natta (born 1969), Japanese volleyball player

Camille Natta
Camille Natta is an actress-director and photographer best known for her lead role in Hari Om (2004), her performance opposite Jean Reno in Crimson Rivers II (2004), and as artistic collaborator on writing and direction for the film Julia (2008) directed by Erick Zonca and starring Tilda Swinton.
Ramseyer Memorial Presbyterian Church
The Ramseyer Memorial Presbyterian Church, originally named the Basel Mission Church, Kumasi and later the Ebenezer Presbyterian Church, is a historic Protestant church located in the suburb of Adum in Kumasi, the capital of the Ashanti Region of Ghana.  The church is affiliated to the Presbyterian Church of Ghana.  It was founded in 1896 by Fritz Ramseyer, a Swiss-born Basel missionary who was captured by the Asante in 1869. The stone church house was built by the early Basel missionaries led by the technical staff member and building technologist, Fritz Ramseyer as well as the missionary-architect, Karl Epting in 1907. Liturgy is conducted in English and the Asante Twi language.

Ashanti Region
The Ashanti Region is located in the southern part of Ghana and is the third largest of 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 24,389 km2 (9,417 sq mi) and making up 10.2 percent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region in Ghana, with a population of 5,440,463 according to the 2021 census, accounting for around one-sixth of Ghana's total population. The Ashanti Region is known for its gold bar and cocoa production. The largest city and capital of Ashanti is Kumasi.
Jože Kuralt
Jože Kuralt (14 October 1956 in Škofja Loka, PR Slovenia, FPR Yugoslavia – 24 March 1986 in Sachsenburg, Austria, near from Spittal an der Drau),  was a Slovenian former alpine skier who competed for Yugoslavia in the 1980 Winter Olympics and 1984 Winter Olympics. He died in a car accident. He came with an aeroplane from Furano, Japan to Munich, West Germany; Daniel Stane Kurak, a team-manager, was the driver.

Furano, Hokkaido
Furano (富良野市, Furano-shi) is a city in the prefecture of Hokkaido, Japan, located in the southern reaches of Kamikawa Subprefecture, under whose jurisdiction it resides. Well known throughout Japan as a tourist destination, it is famous for its lavender fields, the television drama Kita no Kuni kara, and the Furano Ski Resort, which hosted the Snowboarding World Cup in recent years. As of September 2016, the city has an estimated population of 22,715 and a density of 38 persons per km2 (98 persons per sq. mi.). The total area is 600.97 km2 (232.04 sq mi).
Order of the Passion of Christ
The Order of the Passion of Christ was a French knighthood order which was founded around 1395 by King Richard II of England  along with his father-in-law king Charles VI of France. It was a crusader knighthood.

The two kings prepared a Crusade to the Holy Land and for this knighthood there would be not less than one hundred thousand knights to be counted and in the literature the biggest order of all time. Only at this time, would orders come with a similar number of knights. It seems that the intention of the founders to have been to take all European knights on crusade .

But nothing came from the plans. Richard was killed in 1400, and Charles, who was insane since 1392, had less often a period of recovery as that one in which he was able to set this order.

Ackermann mentions this knighthood order as an historical order of France.

Order of chivalry
An order of chivalry, order of knighthood, chivalric order, or equestrian order is a society, fellowship and college of knights, typically founded during or inspired by the original Christian military orders of the Crusades (c. 1099–1291) and paired with medieval concepts of ideals of chivalry.

Since the 15th century, orders of chivalry, often as dynastic orders, began to be established in a more courtly fashion than could be created ad hoc. These orders would often retain the notion of being a confraternity, society or other association of members, but some of them were ultimately purely honorific and consisted of a medal decoration. In fact, these decorations themselves often came to be known informally as orders. These institutions in turn gave rise to the modern-day orders of merit of sovereign states.
Antron
Antron (Ancient Greek: Ἀντρών) or Antrones (Ἀντρῶνες) was a town and polis (city-state) of ancient Thessaly in the district Achaea Phthiotis, at the entrance of the Maliac Gulf, and opposite Oreus in Euboea. It is mentioned in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad as one of the cities of Protesilaus, and also in the Homeric hymn to Demeter as under the protection of that goddess. It was purchased by Philip II of Macedon, and was taken by the Romans in their war with Perseus of Macedon. It probably owed its long existence to the composition of its rocks, which furnished some of the best millstones in Greece; hence the epithet of πετρήεις ("maritime") given to it in the hymn to Demeter. Off Antron was a sunken rock (ἕρμα ὔφαλον) called the Ὄνος Ἀντρῶνος, or mill-stone of Antron.

Modern scholars identify the location of Antron with the modern village of Glyfa.

Catalogue of Ships
The Catalogue of Ships (Ancient Greek: νεῶν κατάλογος, neōn katálogos) is an epic catalogue in Book 2 of Homer's Iliad (2.494–759), which lists the contingents of the Achaean army that sailed to Troy. The catalogue gives the names of the leaders of each contingent, lists the settlements in the kingdom represented by the contingent, sometimes with a descriptive epithet that fills out a half-verse or articulates the flow of names and parentage and place, and gives the number of ships required to transport the men to Troy, offering further differentiations of weightiness. A similar, though shorter, Catalogue of the Trojans and their allies follows (2.816–877). A similar catalogue appears in the Pseudo-Apollodoran Bibliotheca.
Dr. Rednam Surya Prasadrao Government Regional Eye Hospital
Government Regional Eye Hospital, also known as Dr. Rednam Surya Prasadrao Government Regional Eye Hospital, is located in Rama Talkies Road, Visakhapatnam. It is the only government eye hospital serving Andhra Pradesh. This hospital is named for famous eye surgeon Rednam Surya Prasad.

Rama Talkies Road
17°43′42″N 83°18′43″E﻿ / ﻿17.728264°N 83.312029°E﻿ / 17.728264; 83.312029

Rama Talkies Road is a major road in the Indian city of Visakhapatnam. The road is named after a nearby movie theater and is one of the busiest routes connecting to Dwaraka Bus Station.
Portaikos Bridge
The Portaikos Bridge (Greek: Γέφυρα Πορταϊκού) is an Ottoman-era stone bridge over the Portaikos in the Trikala Prefecture, Thessaly, Greece.

The bridge is located on the 22nd kilometer of the Trikala–Arta national road, near the village of Pyli. It was built in 1514 by the Metropolitan of Larissa, Saint Bessarion, and until 1936 it was the only way connecting the Thessalian plain with the settlements of the Pindus mountain chain, through the nearby Porta pass. It remains the second largest pre-20th-century bridge in Thessaly to this day.

The bridge consists of a single semi-circular arch with a span of 29 meters and features a deck 2.1 meters wide. The bridge is built of rubble masonry except for the ledge, which is built of hewn sandstone. The bridge retains its original form except for maintenance work over the years, which has included the reconstruction of the parapet.

Pindus
The Pindus, Pindos or Pindhos is a mountain range located in Northern Greece and Southern Albania. It is roughly 160 km (99 mi) long, with a maximum elevation of 2,637 metres (8,652 ft) (Mount Smolikas). Because it runs north to south along much of mainland Greece, the Pindus range is known colloquially as the spine of Greece. The mountain range stretches from near the Greek-Albanian border in southern Albania, entering the Epirus and Macedonia regions in northern Greece down to the north of the Peloponnese. Geologically, it is an extension of the Dinaric Alps, which dominate the western region of the Balkan Peninsula.
Carceral geography
Carceral geography is a field of human geography that explores “carceral spaces”, which include prisons, concentration camps, immigration detention centers, black sites, and other spaces where people are confined. Carceral geographers may study the design of prison spaces and how these spaces are experienced by imprisoned people and surrounding communities. They also study changes in carceral spaces over time, intersecting with historical geography.

Geographers give attention to the politics and placement of prison facilities, and how carceral practices are shaped by settler colonialism and racial capitalism.

Black site
Black sites are clandestine state-operated detention centers where prisoners who have not been charged with a crime are incarcerated without due process or court order, are often mistreated and murdered, and have no recourse to bail.