hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alf Jacques
Alfred Warner Jacques (March 2, 1949 – June 14, 2023) was an American lacrosse player and Native American craftsman known for making traditional wooden lacrosse sticks. He was a member of the Turtle Clan of the Onondaga Nation, and produced over 80,000 traditional wooden lacrosse sticks in his lifetime, earning a reputation as a figure in preserving Indigenous lacrosse traditions.

Lacrosse stick
A lacrosse stick or crosse is used to play the sport of lacrosse. Players use the lacrosse stick to handle the ball and to strike or "check" opposing players' sticks, causing them to drop the ball. The head of a lacrosse stick is roughly triangular in shape and is strung with loose netting that allows the ball to be caught, carried (known as "cradling"), passed, or shot.
Lev Zilber
Lev Aleksandrovich Zilber (Russian: Лев Александрович Зильбер; March 27 [O.S. March 15], 1894 – November 10, 1966) was a Soviet micro-biologist whose work focused on virology and immunology. He was an academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (AMN SSSR; 1945) and the founder of the Soviet school of virology. His younger brother was the famous writer Veniamin Kaverin.

Microbiologist
A microbiologist (from Greek μῑκρος) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes. This includes study of the growth, interactions and characteristics of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites and their vectors. Most microbiologists work in offices and/or research facilities, both in private biotechnology companies and in academia. Most microbiologists specialize in a given topic within microbiology such as bacteriology, parasitology, virology, or immunology.
Copy-on-write
Copy-on-write (COW), also called implicit sharing or shadowing, is a resource-management technique used in programming to manage shared data efficiently. Instead of copying data right away when multiple programs use it, the same data is shared between programs until one tries to modify it. If no changes are made, no private copy is created, saving resources. A copy is only made when needed, ensuring each program has its own version when modifications occur. This technique is commonly applied to memory, files, and data structures.

Resource management (computing)
In computer programming, resource management refers to techniques for managing resources (components with limited availability).

Computer programs may manage their own resources by using features exposed by programming languages (Elder, Jackson & Liblit (2008) is a survey article contrasting different approaches), or may elect to manage them by a host – an operating system or virtual machine – or another program.

Host-based management is known as resource tracking, and consists of cleaning up resource leaks: terminating access to resources that have been acquired but not released after use. This is known as reclaiming resources, and is analogous to garbage collection for memory. On many systems, the operating system reclaims resources after the process makes the exit system call.
Moonscape
A moonscape is an area or vista of the lunar landscape (generally of the Earth's moon), or a visual representation of this, such as in a painting. The term "moonscape" is also sometimes used metaphorically for an area devastated or flattened by war, often by shelling.

Moonscapes have been a popular subject in art and literature since the technology to observe the Moon surfaced, appearing in work such as a sketch drawn by Petr Ginz. It is currently residing in the Yad Vashem Museum Special Exhibit in Honor of Israeli Astronaut Col. Ilan Ramon.

In literature, the term appears most often over the last century in reference to cities damaged by ballistics, particularly when applied to post-WWII Berlin, as in David L. Robbins' The End of War, where he describes the city as a "moonscape of desolation".

Petr Ginz
Petr Ginz (1 February 1928 – 28 September 1944) was a Czechoslovak boy of partial Jewish background who was deported to the Theresienstadt Ghetto (known as Terezín, in Czech) during the Holocaust. He was murdered at the age of sixteen when he was transferred to Auschwitz concentration camp and gassed to death upon arrival. His diary was published after his death.
Rainer Kraft (football manager)
Rainer Kraft (born 30 July 1962 in Stuttgart) is a German football coach who works as head coach for Accra Lions. He used to be assistant coach of Esteghlal in the Iran Pro League with fellow countryman Erich Rutemöller.

Persian Gulf Pro League
The Persian Gulf Pro League (Persian: لیگ برتر خلیج فارس, Lig-e Bartar-e Xalij-e Fârs), formerly known as the Iran Pro League (Persian: لیگ برتر ایران, Lig-e bartar-e Irân), is a professional association football league in Iran and the highest level of the Iranian football league system. It is controlled by the FFIRI and is contested by 16 teams over a 30-matchday period.

Each year, its top team becomes the Iranian football champion, and the two lowest finishers are relegated to the Azadegan League.

Since 2013, the league comprises 16 teams. The winner of the Persian Gulf Pro League along with the Hazfi Cup champion automatically qualify for the AFC Champions League Elite group stages. The third of the Persian Gulf Pro League is qualified for the AFC Champions League Elite Play-off round. The bottom two teams in the league are relegated to Azadegan League. In the past, the format and number of teams were changed for various times.
Grauman
Grauman or Graumann is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dieter Graumann (born 1950), Israeli-German jurist and economist

Johann Philipp Graumann (1706–1762), Prussian business mathematician and monetary theorist

Sid Grauman (1879–1950), American showman
Grauman's Chinese Theatre, a movie theater in Hollywood, named after Sid Grauman
Grauman's Egyptian Theatre, a movie theater in Hollywood, named after Sid Grauman

Walter Grauman (1922–2015), American director of stage shows, theatrical films and television shows

Walter Grauman (basketball) (1915–2000), American basketball player

Johann Philipp Graumann
Johann Philipp Graumann (born in 1706 – died 22 April 1762 in Berlin) was a German business mathematician, an expert on exchange rates and coinage, mint master in Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and Berlin, a mercantilist, and Prussian financial advisor. He is considered one of the most important German monetary theorists of his time. As master of the mints in Prussia, he implemented a major coin reform, with the goal of implementing a new monetary standard to promote trade, increase seigniorage income and elevate the Prussian coins to the status of a reserve currency. Graumann was portrayed by his contemporaries as a dreamer. With only a slight modification, his coin standard remained in place in Germany until 1907.
Boris Kornilov
Boris Petrovich Kornilov (Russian: Бори́с Петро́вич Корни́лов) (29 July 1907, in Pokrovskoye, Semyonovsky Uyezd, Nizhny Novgorod Governorate – 20 February 1938) was a Soviet, Russian poet. He is probably best known for penning the words to The Song of the Counterplan (Песня о встречном) which was used to open the morning radio broadcast throughout the Soviet Union, even for years after its author perished during the Great Purge.

Kornilov was arrested on 19 March 1937, sentenced to death on 20 February 1938 and shot in Leningrad the same day. Kornilov has been posthumously rehabilitated, and there is a museum and a statue dedicated to him in the town of Semyonov, near his birthplace. He was married to Olga Bergholz.

Semyonovsky Uyezd
Semyonovsky Uyezd (Семёновский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Nizhny Novgorod Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Semyonov.
Intraarticular sternocostal ligament
The intraarticular sternocostal ligament is a horizontal fibrocartilaginous plate in the center of the second sternocostal joint. It connects the tip of the costal cartilage to the fibrous junction between the manubrium and the body of the sternum, dividing the joint into two parts.

Fibrocartilage
Fibrocartilage consists of a mixture of white fibrous tissue and cartilaginous tissue in various proportions.  It owes its inflexibility and toughness to the former of these constituents, and its elasticity to the latter. It is the only type of cartilage that contains type I collagen in addition to the normal type II.
Monitoring Maintenance Lifecycle
The Monitoring Maintenance Lifecycle (MML) is a monitoring development process to lower maintenance expenses and improve the dependability of IT infrastructure with regard to service recovery-related issues. It is based on the classical Waterfall model.

Monitoring Maintenance Lifecycle are methods and standards for improving and mastering maintenance processes, supporting processes and management processes throughout the monitoring lifecycle.

The quest for the optimized mix of processes has resulted in different standards throughout the history. One of the latest which was published is the ISO/IEC 12207 standard. This standard was proposed in 1988 and published in August 1995. It was created to establish a common international framework to acquire, supply, develop, operate, and maintain.

ISO/IEC 12207 consists of three types of processes:

Primary lifecycle processes;

Supporting lifecycle processes;

Organizational lifecycle processes.

Waterfall model
The waterfall model is the process of performing the typical software development life cycle (SDLC) phases in sequential order. Each phase is completed before the next is started, and the result of each phase drives subsequent phases. Compared to alternative SDLC methodologies such as Agile, it is among the least iterative and flexible, as progress flows largely in one direction (like a waterfall) through the phases of conception, requirements analysis,  design,  construction,  testing, deployment, and  maintenance.

The waterfall model is the earliest SDLC methodology.

When first adopted, there were no recognized alternatives for knowledge-based creative work.
IROC XXVIII
IROC XXVIII was the 28th season of the Crown Royal International Race of Champions, which began on Friday, February 13, 2004 at Daytona International Speedway. The all-star roster included twelve drivers from five premier racing series. Matt Kenseth won the championship, finishing third in the first race, last in the second race, and first in the final two races.

The roster of drivers and final points standings were as follows:

Crown Royal
Crown Royal, originally known as Seagram's Crown Royal, is a blended Canadian whisky brand created by Seagram and owned by British multinational conglomerate Diageo since 2000.

The whisky was introduced in 1939 by Samuel Bronfman for the 1939 royal tour of Canada. The whisky was sold exclusively in Canada until the 1960s, when it was first introduced to international markets. It is the top-selling brand of Canadian whisky in the United States.
Scots dialect
Scots dialect can refer to:

Scottish English, the varieties of the English language spoken in Scotland

The Scots language or one of the dialects therein
Scots dialects
Doric dialect (Scotland), the dialect of North Eastern Scotland

Doric dialect (Scotland)
Doric, the popular name for Mid Northern Scots or Northeast Scots, refers to the Scots as spoken in the northeast of Scotland. There is an extensive body of literature, mostly poetry, ballads, and songs, written in Doric. In some literary works, Doric is used as the language of conversation while the rest of the work is in Lallans Scots or Scottish English. A number of 20th and 21st century poets have written poetry in the Doric dialect.
Kyureng-At
Kyureng-At (Russian: Кюренг-Ат; Yakut: Күрэҥ Ат, Küreŋ At) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Iskrovsky Rural Okrug of Namsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 26 kilometers (16 mi) from Namtsy, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 202, of whom 106 were male and 96 female, up from 199 as recorded during the 2002 Census.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Hayat El Ghazi
Hayat El Ghazi (born 1979) is a Moroccan hammer thrower.

She won the bronze medals at the 2002 and 2004 African Championships. In 2003, she threw a national record throw of 60.43 metres.

In 2007 El Ghazi was found guilty of norandrosterone doping. The sample was delivered on 10 August 2006 at the 2006 African Championships in Bambous, Mauritius, where she originally won the silver medal. She received a suspension from September 2006 to September 2008, as well as disqualification of all results accomplished since the day she was tested.

Hammer throw
The hammer throw (Abbreviated as HT) is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track-and-field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

The hammer used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. These three components are each separate and can move independently. Both the size and weight of the ball vary between men's and women's events. The men's hammer weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb) for college and professional meets; the women's hammer weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).
Belabo Upazila
Belabo (Bengali: বেলাবো) is an upazila of the Narsingdi District of Bangladesh, located in the Dhaka Division. Here the 2,500-year-old civilisation of Wari-Bateshwar has been discovered.  It is believed that it was a port city with foreign trade with Ancient Rome, Southeast Asia and other regions. It is the oldest city so far discovered after Indus Valley civilisation. Though part of Narsingdi, the Bengali dialect spoken by the people of Belabo is similar to that of Greater Mymensingh.

Bengali dialects
The Bengali dialects (Bengali: বাংলা উপভাষা [baŋla upobʱaʃa]) or Bengali varieties (বাংলা ভাষিকা [baŋla bʱaʃika]) are the varieties of the Bengali language, an Eastern Indo-Aryan language of the Indo-European language family, widely spoken in the Bengal region of South Asia. The spoken dialects of Bengali are mutually intelligible with neighbouring dialects.

Bengali dialects can be classified along at least two dimensions: spoken vs. literary variations, and prestige vs. regional variations.
All Cried Out (Kree Harrison song)
"All Cried Out" is the debut single from American recording artist and American Idol season 12 runner-up, Kree Harrison. The song was co-written by Katrina Elam, Steve McEwan, and Gordie Sampson.

Harrison first performed the song, her potential coronation song had she won the title, on the season's final performance night on May 15, 2013. Her recording of "All Cried Out" was released as a single on May 16, 2013.

American Idol season 12
The twelfth season of American Idol premiered on January 16, 2013, as part of the mid-season of the 2012–13 network television season. Ryan Seacrest returned as host. Randy Jackson returned for his twelfth season as judge and was joined by new judges Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj, and Keith Urban, who replaced Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler.

On May 16, 2013, Candice Glover was crowned the winner, defeating Kree Harrison, who was the runner-up. In a series first, Glover's debut album, Music Speaks, was available for preorder immediately following the finale broadcast. Both Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj left after this season, having only served on the judges panel for one season, to focus on their music careers.
1873 Liberian general election
General elections were held in Liberia on 6 May 1873. Incumbent President Joseph Jenkins Roberts of the Republican Party was the only candidate in the presidential elections, and was re-elected unopposed.

Joseph Jenkins Roberts
Joseph Jenkins Roberts (March 15, 1809 – February 24, 1876) was an African American merchant who emigrated to Liberia in 1829, where he became a politician. Elected as the first (1848–1856) and seventh (1872–1876) president of Liberia after independence, he was the first man of African descent to govern the country, serving previously as governor from 1841 to 1848. He later returned to office in the 1871 general election following the 1871 Liberian coup d'état. Born free in Norfolk, Virginia, Roberts emigrated as a young man with his mother, siblings, wife, and child to the young West African colony. He opened a trading firm in Monrovia and later engaged in politics.
Special Ones
"Special Ones" is the debut single from Australian alternative rock group, George. It followed the release of three extended plays and was the first single taken from their debut studio album Polyserena (2002).

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2001, the song was nominated for 'Breakthrough Artist – Single', losing out to "Frontier Psychiatrist" by The Avalanches.

The Avalanches
The Avalanches are an Australian electronic music group formed in Melbourne in 1997. They have released three studio albums, Since I Left You (2000), Wildflower (2016), and We Will Always Love You (2020), and perform live and recorded DJ sets. The group currently consists of Robbie Chater and Tony Di Blasi.

The band is an exponent of the plunderphonics genre, and their first album, Since I Left You, has been recognised by many critics as the most important example of the genre.
Zhengyi railway station
Zhengyi railway station (Chinese: 正義車站; pinyin: Zhèngyì Chēzhàn, "justice") is a railway station in Lingya District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It is on the Pingtung line and is operated by Taiwan Railway. It is served by all local trains. It will be a future transfer station with the Yellow line of the Kaohsiung Metro.

Zhengyi station was opened as part of the Kaohsiung moving its at-grade railroad underground to improve traffic. It was opened along with seven other new stations on the West Coast and Pingtung lines.

Kaohsiung Metro
Kaohsiung Metro (Chinese: 高雄大眾捷運系統, 高雄捷運) is a rapid transit and light rail system covering the metropolitan area of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Its rapid transit network is known as Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit System or Kaohsiung Rapid Transit (KRT). Construction of the MRT started in October 2001. The MRT opened in 2008 and the Circular light rail in 2015. Kaohsiung Metro is operated by the Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation (KRTC; Chinese: 高雄捷運公司) under a BOT contract the company signed with the Kaohsiung City Government.

The system uses romanizations derived from Tongyong Pinyin.
2025 Clube Tenis Porto Challenger – Doubles
Daniel Cukierman and Piotr Matuszewski were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Szymon Kielan and Filip Pieczonka won the title after defeating Ivan and Matej Sabanov 6–2, 6–4 in the final.

Daniel Cukierman
Daniel Cukierman (Hebrew: דניאל צוקרמן; born 9 July 1995) is an Israeli tennis player.

During his junior year at the University of Southern California from November 13, 2019, until the close of competition in 2020, Cukierman was ranked No. 1 in the US in singles among men’s college tennis players in the 2019–20 Intercollegiate Tennis Association (ITA) Division I Men’s Individual National Rankings.

Cukierman has a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 339 achieved on 29 May 2023. He also has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of No. 115 achieved on 30 June 2025. As of January 15, 2024, he was ranked 486 in the world by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP).
Quazar (album)
Quazar  is the debut album from the band Quazar. The band was led by former P-Funk vocalist Glenn Goins, who also served as the producer and arranger of the album. Goins died before the album's release, effectively sealing the group's fate. The album was released by Arista Records in the fall of 1978, after Funkadelic's One Nation Under A Groove but before Parliament (band)'s Motor Booty Affair, that same year. The album also features contributions from former P-Funk drummer Jerome Brailey. Both Glenn Goins and Jerome Brailey were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with Parliament-Funkadelic.

The album was reissued on CD by P-Vine records in Japan in 1991, but went out of print shortly thereafter.  In June 2012, the album was re-released on CD by BBR records.  This expanded version includes the single versions of "Funk 'N' Roll (Dancin' In The Funkshine)", "Funk With A Bigfoot" and "Savin' My Love For A Rainy Day".

Parliament (band)
Parliament was an American funk band formed in 1968 by George Clinton as a flagship act of his P-Funk collective. Evolving out of an earlier vocal group, Parliament became associated with a more commercial and less rock-oriented sound than its sister act Funkadelic. Their work incorporated Afrofuturist concepts, horn arrangements, synthesizer, and outlandish theatrics. The band scored a number of Top 10 hits, including the million-selling 1976 single "Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)," and Top 40 albums such as Mothership Connection (1975).
2004–05 Belgian First Division
The 2004–05 season of the Belgian First Division began on August 6, 2004 and ended on May 23, 2005.  Club Brugge became champions on May 15, 2005 after a decisive game against long-time rivals Anderlecht. The season was full of suspense as the champions and the relegated teams were only known on the 33rd (on 34) matchday. Furthermore, the 3rd place (qualifying for UEFA Cup) had to be decided on a test-match, a fact that had not occurred recently.

R.W.D.M. Brussels F.C.
Racing White Daring Molenbeek Brussels Football Club, often simply referred to as RWDM Brussels, F.C. Brussels or simply Brussels, was a Belgian professional association football club based in the municipality of Molenbeek, in the Brussels Capital-Region. They last played in the second division during the 2013–14 season where they finished 8th, but folded at the end of the season due to financial trouble. The club was a continuation of FC Strombeek, a club from the Brussels suburb of Strombeek-Bever with matricule №1936 which was formed in 1932. However, Strombeek moved to Molenbeek to replace defunct Racing White Daring Molenbeek (RWDM) there. FC Brussels played at the Stade Edmond Machtens, Molenbeek's former stadium. Their highest league ranking was a 10th place in the first division in 2005–06.
Willie Ferrell
William O'Neal Ferrell (November 6, 1913 – December 18, 1995), nicknamed "Red", was an American Negro league pitcher who played between 1937 and 1943.

A native of Empire, Alabama, Ferrell made his Negro leagues debut in 1937 with the Birmingham Black Barons. He went on to play with the Jacksonville Red Caps, Cleveland Bears, and Homestead Grays, and finished his career with a three-year stint with the Chicago American Giants from 1941 to 1943.

Birmingham Black Barons
The Birmingham Black Barons were a Negro league baseball team that played from 1920 until 1960, including 18 seasons recognized as Major League by Major League Baseball. They shared their home field of Rickwood Field in Birmingham, Alabama, with the white Birmingham Barons, usually drawing larger crowds and equal press.