hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dilli Jung Thapa
Dilli Jung Thapa (1894–1946) was a chief engineer and colonel of Nepalese Army. He was the son of colonel Harka Jung Thapa and grandson of governor (Badahakim) of eastern Nepal colonel Gajraj Singh Thapa, he was the chief designer of Nepal's first highway tunnel carved through the inner terai between Hetauda and Amlekhganj.

Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal
The Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal comprise several elongated river valleys in the southern lowland Terai part of the country. These tropical valleys are enclosed by the Himalayan foothills, viz the Mahabharat Range and the Sivalik Hills farther south.

These valleys are part of the Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands ecoregion. They are filled up with coarse to fine alluvial sediments. The Chitwan Valley and the Dang and Deukhuri Valleys are some of the largest Inner Terai Valleys. Malaria was prevalent in this region until the late 1950s. Since its eradication, the area became a viable destination for large-scale migration of people from the hills who transformed the area from virgin forest and grassland to farmland.
Acacia bifaria
Acacia bifaria is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the far south-west of Western Australia. It is a prostrate or semi-prostrate, often domed shrub with wavy branchlets, the phyllodes continuous with the branchlets and forming wings on either side of a central axis, spherical heads of light golden-yellow flowers, and strongly curved or coiled crust-like pods.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Jach'a Jawira (Los Andes)
Jach'a Jawira (Aymara jach'a big, great, jawira river, "great river", hispanicized spellings Jacha Jahuira, Jachcha Jahuira) which downstream is named Japha Jawira  is a Bolivian river east of Lake Titicaca in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Batallas Municipality and in the Omasuyos Province, Achacachi Municipality. Its waters flow to Lake Titicaca via the Qiqa Jawira.

The river originates in the Cordillera Real from the confluence of streams from Jach'a Pata, Janq'u Uyu, Wila Lluxita and Qulin Tuqu near a lake named Janq'u Quta. At first it flows in a southwestern direction connecting the lakes named Janq'u Quta, Quta Thiya, Q'ara Quta and Jichu Quta. After leaving Q'ara Quta it flows almost parallel to the nearby Surikiña River south of it. East of Peñas it turns to the northwest. Southeast of Achacachi it unifies with the Qiqa Jawira which reaches Lake Titicaca northwest of the town near the mouth of the Ch'iyar Juqhu River.

Achacachi Municipality
Achacachi  Municipality is one of six municipalities of the Omasuyos Province in the La Paz Department in Bolivia. Its seat is Achacachi.

The municipality is situated in the northern Altiplano of the Bolivian Andes region on the eastern shore of Lake Titicaca bordered to the north by the Larecaja Province, to the east by the Los Andes Province, to the south-east by the Huarina Municipality, to the west by the Santiago de Huata Municipality, to the south by the Huatajata Municipality and Chúa Cocani Municipality (these four municipalities were cantons of the Achacachi Municipality until 2005, 2009, and 2010, respectively), to the south-west by Lake Wiñaymarka and the northern part of Lake Titicaca, and to the north-west by the Ancoraimes Municipality.
Tree-depth
In graph theory, the tree-depth of a connected undirected graph  is a numerical invariant of , the minimum height of a Trémaux tree for a supergraph of . This invariant and its close relatives have gone under many different names in the literature, including vertex ranking number, ordered chromatic number, and minimum elimination tree height; it is also closely related to the cycle rank of directed graphs and the star height of regular languages.  Intuitively, where the treewidth of a graph measures how far it is from being a tree, this parameter measures how far a graph is from being a star.

Star height
In theoretical computer science, more precisely in the theory of formal languages, the star height is a measure for the structural complexity 
of regular expressions and regular languages. The star height of a regular expression equals the maximum nesting depth of stars appearing in that expression. The star height of a regular language is the least star height of any regular expression for that language.
The concept of star height was first defined and studied by Eggan (1963).
Ulten Valley
The Ulten Valley (German: Ultental or Ulten, Italian: Val d'Ultimo) is a 40 km (25 mile) long mountain valley in the western part of the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy.

It is the valley of the stream Falschauer, a right tributary of the Adige. Its orientation is southwest to northeast, parallel to the lower Vinschgau, and it is located south of Meran. The valley ends in the commune of Lana. A small road leading south connects the valley with Proveis and the Val di Non in Trentino.

The municipality Ulten covers most of the Ulten valley. The lower part of the valley is in the municipality of St. Pankraz. The population of the Ulten valley is predominantly German-speaking (more than 98% according to 2001 census). The westernmost, highest part of the valley is part of the Stelvio National Park.

Merano
Merano or Meran is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol, Northern Italy. Generally best known for its spa resorts, it is located within a basin, surrounded by mountains standing up to 3,335 metres (10,942 feet) above sea level, at the entrance to the Passeier Valley and the Vinschgau.

The city has been a popular place of residence for several scientists, literary people, and artists, including Franz Kafka, Paul Lazarsfeld and also Empress Elisabeth of Austria, who appreciated its mild climate.
Concepción Felix
Concepción Felix Roque (9 February 1884 – 26 January 1967) was a Filipina feminist and human rights activist. She established one of the first women's organizations in the Philippines, Asociación Feminista Filipina, as well as one of the first humanitarian NGOs, La Gota de Leche, aimed specifically at the well-being of mothers and their children. On several occasions, she spoke to legislators to promote women's enfranchisement. She has been recognized as one of the first feminists of the Philippines and was honored with many awards.

Carrie Chapman Catt
Carrie Chapman Catt (born Carrie Clinton Lane; January 9, 1859 – March 9, 1947) was an American women's suffrage leader who campaigned for the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which gave U.S. women the right to vote in 1920. Catt served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association from 1900 to 1904 and 1915 to 1920. She founded the League of Women Voters in 1920 and the International Woman Suffrage Alliance in 1904, which was later named International Alliance of Women. She "led an army of voteless women in 1919 to pressure Congress to pass the constitutional amendment giving them the right to vote and convinced state legislatures to ratify it in 1920". She "was one of the best-known women in the United States in the first half of the twentieth century and was on all lists of famous American women."
De Vargas
De Vargas is a surname of Spanish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrés de Vargas (1613–1647), Spanish painter

Diego de Vargas (1643–1704), Spanish colonial governor

Francisco de Vargas (born 1970), Paraguayan lawyer and politician

Francisco de Vargas y Mejía (1500–1566), Spanish diplomat and writer

Gutierre de Vargas Carvajal (1506–1559), Spanish Roman Catholic bishop

José de Vargas Ponce (1760–1821), Spanish erudite, poet and writer

Luis de Vargas (1502–1568), Spanish Renaissance painter

Urbán de Vargas (1606–1656), Spanish Baroque composer

Valentin de Vargas (1935–2013), American actor

José de Vargas Ponce
José de Vargas Ponce (Cádiz, 10 June 1760 – 6 February 1821) was a Spanish erudite, satirical poet and writer.

He was elected to seat K of the Real Academia Española, he took up his seat in March 1814.
Joseph ibn Ezra
Josef ben Isaac ibn Ezra was a Sephardic rabbi of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, descended from the Ibn Ezra family. Brought up in Salonica, he studied under Rabbi Samuel de Medina and became head of the Talmudic school there; among his pupils were Aaron Hazzan, Meir Melammed, and Shabbethai Jonah. Late in life he was a refugee in Constantinople, and then the rabbi of Sofia, where he died.

Aaron Hazzan
Abraham Aaron Bacharach was a writer on religious subjects, and cantor of Posen, hence known also as Aaron Ḥazzan. He flourished during the seventeenth century. He was the author of Urim we-Tummim (Enlightenment and Perfection), an exhortation to morality and piety, with an appendix containing prayers (Amsterdam, 1653).
Jihe
Jihe is a village in Satara district, Maharashtra, India. It is situated on the banks of Krishna River, approximately 15 km away from Satara, a city in Satara district. Jihe is approached using the Rahimatpur Road.

Satara (city)
Satara (pronunciationⓘ) (ISO: Sātārā) is a city located in the Satara District of Maharashtra state of India, near the confluence of the river Krishna and its tributary, the Venna. The city was established in the 16th century and was the seat of the Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire, Shahu I.

It is the headquarters of Satara Tehsil, as well as the Satara District. The city gets its name from the seven forts (Sat-Tara) which are around the city. The city is known as a Soldier's city as well as Pensioner's city. The city had a population of 179,147 in 2011.
Drimys winteri
Drimys winteri, also known as Winter's bark, foye and canelo, is a slender species of tree in the family Winteraceae, growing up to 20 m (66 ft) tall. It is native to the Magellanic and Valdivian temperate forests of Chile and Argentina, where it is a dominant tree in the coastal evergreen forests. It is found below 1,200 m (3,900 ft) between latitude 32° south and Cape Horn at latitude 56°. In its southernmost natural range it can tolerate temperatures down to −20 °C (−4 °F). The plant is renowned for its phenotypic plasticity being able to grow in different sites from "extreme arid zones to wetlands along Chile". The tree does also grow in places with various types and degrees of competition from other plants.

Aridity
Aridity is the condition of geographical regions which make up approximately 43% of total global available land area, characterized by low annual precipitation, increased temperatures, and limited water availability. These areas tend to fall upon degraded soils, and their health and functioning are key necessities of regulating ecosystems’ atmospheric components.
LSP (rapper)
Oleg Vadimovich Savchenko (born 10 July 1989), is a Belarusian singer-songwriter and rapper who rose to prominence in the Russian-language hip-hop scene in the 2010s. Initially presented and marketed as a duo project together with Mogilev producer Roman Sashcheko (Russian: Роман Сащеко) better known as Roma Anglichanin (Russian: Рома Англичанин), LSP is principally associated with Oleg Savchenko's vocals and songwriting; Sashcheko acted as the project's primary producer, co-writer and co-author of much of the early material until his death in 2017.

LSP's music combines melodic rap, trap-influenced production and literate, often darkly ironic lyrics; his best known tracks include «Coin» (Russian: «Монетка», romanized: «Monetka») and «Numbers» (Russian: «Номера», romanized: «Nomera»), and notable albums include Tragic City (2017), Magic City (2015) and earlier releases such as the EP (Russian: Видеть цветные сны, romanized: Videt’ tsvetnye sny) (2011).

Mogilev
Mogilev, or Mahilyow, is a city in eastern Belarus. It is located on the Dnieper River, about 76 kilometres (47 miles) from the border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and 105 km (65 miles) from Bryansk Oblast. As of 2025, it has a population of 352,896. In 2011, its population was 360,918, up from an estimated 106,000 in 1956. It serves as the administrative centre of Mogilev Region, and is the third-largest city in Belarus.
Nagorsky (rural locality)
Nagorsky (Russian: Нагорский; masculine), Nagorskaya (Нагорская; feminine), or Nagorskoye (Нагорское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Nagorskoye, Kirov Oblast, a selo in Talitsky Rural Okrug of Falyonsky District of Kirov Oblast

Nagorskoye, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Sudayskoye Settlement of Chukhlomsky District of Kostroma Oblast

Nagorskoye, Kurgan Oblast, a selo in Nagorsky Selsoviet of Pritobolny District of Kurgan Oblast

Nagorskoye, Tver Oblast, a village in Kalyazinsky District of Tver Oblast

Nagorskoye, Vologda Oblast, a village in Raboche-Krestyansky Selsoviet of Vologodsky District of Vologda Oblast

Nagorskoye, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Osetsky Rural Okrug of Lyubimsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast

Nagorskaya, a village in Rostovsky Selsoviet of Ustyansky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast

Chukhlomsky District
Chukhlomsky District (Russian: Чу́хломский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Kostroma Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,643 square kilometers (1,407 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Chukhloma. Population: 8,101 (2021 Census); 11,346 (2010 Census);  13,574 (2002 Census); 15,466 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Chukhloma accounts for 52.5% of the district's total population.
Marcel Witeczek
Marcel Witeczek (born 18 October 1968) is a German former professional footballer who played mostly as an attacking midfielder.

Over the course of 15 seasons, he played in 410 Bundesliga games (50 goals; 474/59 counting both major levels of German football), representing four teams, including league powerhouse Bayern Munich, with whom he won his only titles.

1995–96 UEFA Cup
The 1995–96 UEFA Cup was the 25th season of Europe's then-tertiary club football tournament organised by UEFA. It was won by German club Bayern Munich on aggregate over Bordeaux of France. Girondins de Bordeaux went to the final all the way from the 1995 UEFA Intertoto Cup, its first season, being the only Intertoto Cup entrant to reach this far in the UEFA Cup. With this victory, Bayern became the third club to have won all three major European trophies at the time (European Cup/UEFA Champions League, UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League, and the Cup Winners' Cup). The finals itself was the only UEFA Cup final during the 1990s to not feature any Italian sides.

The 1995–96 season also saw the return of Yugoslav clubs on the international scene after three years of ban due to UN embargo. However, Yugoslav national champion, Red Star Belgrade, was eliminated as early as in the qualifying round.
Ludu Daw Amar
Ludu Daw Amar (also Ludu Daw Ah Mar; Burmese: လူထုဒေါ်အမာ, pronounced [lùdṵ dɔ̀ ʔəmà]; 29 November 1915 – 7 April 2008) was a dissident writer and journalist based in Mandalay, Burma. She was married to fellow writer and journalist Ludu U Hla  and was the mother of popular writer Nyi Pu Lay. She is best known for her outspoken anti-government views and left-wing journalism. She also produced work on traditional Burmese arts, including theatre, dance, and music, and translated several works from English, both fiction and non-fiction.

Burmese names
Burmese names (Burmese: မြန်မာ အမည်) lack the serial structure of most Western names. Like other Mainland Southeast Asian people (except Vietnamese), the people of Myanmar have no customary matronymic or patronymic naming system and no tradition of surnames. Although other Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia introduced the use of surnames or patronyms in the early 20th century, Myanmar never introduced the use of surnames and lacks surnames in the modern day. Instead, Burmese names use an honorific prefix to reflect the person's stage in life and position in society.
Memphis Soul Stew
"Memphis Soul Stew" is a song by American saxophonist and bandleader King Curtis.

The track is a narrative that describes the Memphis Soul sound in terms of a cooking recipe, with each instrument introduced by Curtis. This includes "fatback drums", "a pinch of organ" and "a half-pint of horns".

Curtis' original version, recorded at American Sound Studio in Memphis, was released as a single on Atco Records in 1967, and became a top 50 hit. A live version, recorded at the Fillmore West in 1971, shortly before Curtis' death, was released on his live album Live at Fillmore West.

In 2008, Bill Bailey chose the song to appear on Desert Island Discs.

Jazz saxophonist Michael Lington covered the track on his 2014 album Soul Appeal.

Michael Lington
Michael Lington (born June 11, 1969) is a Danish contemporary saxophonist, songwriter, producer, recording artist and a purveyor of soul and contemporary jazz.

Lington has released 11 solo albums and has 25 singles that have charted on the Billboard and Radio & Records (R&R) contemporary jazz radio charts.

Lington has worked with Michael Bolton, Barry Manilow, Aaron Neville, Mike Love, Randy Crawford, Bobby Caldwell, Kenny Lattimore, Ryan Shaw, Little Richard, Joan Sebastian, Cristian Castro, Booker T. Jones, The Dap-Kings, Ray Parker, Jr., Taylor Dayne, Brian Culbertson, Chuck Loeb, William Bell, Dave Stewart, Vince Gill, Sheléa Frazier, and many others.

Lington has performed at the Royal Wedding of Denmark's future king, Crown Prince Frederik and Crown Princess Mary Donaldson at Fredensborg Castle and has also played numerous other times for the Danish royal family. He is the grandson of Danish composer and band leader Otto Lington.
2009 in Sri Lanka
The following lists notable events that took place during 2009 in Sri Lanka. 2009 saw the conclusion of the Sri Lankan Civil War and the end of the nation's near 26-year long conflict with the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.

North Central Province, Sri Lanka
North Central Province (Sinhala: උතුරු මැද පළාත Uturumæda Paḷāta, Tamil: வட மத்திய மாகாணம் Vada Mattiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka.  The province has an area of 10,472 km2, making it the largest province by area, and a population of 1,266,663, making it the 3rd least populated province. Anuradhapura is the capital city of the province.
The Galeries
The Galeries is a shopping centre in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It was formerly known as The Galeries Victoria until renamed in early 2013. It is located in the heart of the Sydney central business district, bounded by George, Pitt and Park Streets. The shopping centre sits below the Citigroup Centre office tower and beside the Sydney Hilton Hotel.

Hilton Hotels & Resorts
Hilton Hotels & Resorts (formerly known as Hilton Hotels) is a global brand of full-service hotels and resorts and the flagship brand of American multinational hospitality company Hilton Worldwide.

The original company was founded by Conrad Hilton. As of December 30, 2019, 584 Hilton Hotels & Resorts properties with 216,379 rooms in 94 countries and territories are located across six continents. This includes 61 properties that are owned or leased with 219,264 rooms, 272 that are managed with 119,612 rooms, and 251 that are franchised with 77,451 rooms. In 2020, Fortune magazine ranked Hilton Hotels & Resorts at number one on their Fortune List of the Top 100 Companies to Work For in 2020 based on an employee survey of satisfaction.
1981 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1981 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Nottingham, Great Britain.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the sixteenth championships in canoe sprint.

Canadian (canoe)
Canadian is the byname used in some countries for the descendants of the birch bark canoe that was used by the indigenous peoples of Northern America as a convenient means of transportation in the densely forested and impassable areas of Northern America.

In the United Kingdom and several other European countries the kayak is considered to be a kind of canoe. (Technically this is understandable, as one can easily see when a whitewater kayak is converted into a decked whitewater canoe just by taking the seat out and paddle it kneeling with a single blade paddle.) To distinguish canoes from kayaks, a touring, whitewater and racing canoe are then often called 'Canadian canoe' or 'Canadian' for short — e.g.
Kanadier in German, Kanadensare in Swedish, Canadees in Dutch, et cetera.
Secreto de Amor (album)
Secreto de Amor is a studio album by Joan Sebastian. Released in 2000 on the Musart label, it was Sebastian's 27th studio album. It won a Lo Nuestro Award for Regional Mexican Album of the Year in 2001. The title track also served as the theme song for the 2001 telenovela of the same name. In 2015, it was selected by Billboard magazine as one of the "50 Essential Latin Albums of the Last 50 Years".

Secreto de amor (TV series)
Secreto de Amor (Secret of Love) is an American telenovela produced by Venevisión International in 2001. The telenovela was filmed in Miami, Florida,  and it starred Scarlet Ortiz and Jorge Aravena as the main protagonists while Colombian actress Aura Cristina Geithner and Venezuelan actress Astrid Gruber starred as the main antagonists.
National Taiwan University Library
The National Taiwan University Library (NTU Library) is the academic library of National Taiwan University (NTU), a national university in Taipei, Taiwan. It is the largest university library in Taiwan. Founded in 1928, the NTU Library includes the University Main Library, branch libraries, and the libraries of various departments and institutes on campus.

National university
A national university is mainly a university created or managed by a government, but which may also at the same time operate autonomously without direct control by the state. In the United States, the term "national university" connotes the highest institutional level in education, differing in meaning from a "federally-chartered university." Globally, some national universities are associated with national cultural or political aspirations.
For example, the National University of Ireland during the early days of Irish independence collected a large amount of information about the Irish language and Irish culture. In Argentina, the national universities are the result of the 1918 Argentine university reform and subsequent reforms, which were intended to provide a secular university system without direct clerical or government influence by bestowing self-government on the institutions.