hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1915 Detroit Tigers season
The 1915 Detroit Tigers won a club-record 100 games and narrowly lost the American League pennant to the Boston Red Sox, who won 101 games.  Though four other Tigers teams have won 100 games (1934, 1961, 1968, and 1984), only the 1934 Tigers had a better winning percentage.  The 1915 Detroit Tigers team is remembered for its all-star outfield of Ty Cobb, Sam Crawford, and Bobby Veach—who finished #1, #2, and #3 in the American League in both runs batted in and total bases.  Baseball historian Bill James ranks the Tigers' 1915 outfield as the best in major league history.

1934 Detroit Tigers season
The 1934 Detroit Tigers season was the 34th season for the Detroit Tigers since entering the American League in 1901. The Tigers won the American League pennant with a record of 101–53, the best winning percentage in team history. The team made its fourth World Series appearance, but lost the 1934 World Series to the St. Louis Cardinals 4 games to 3.
Yamaha OX77 engine
The Yamaha OX77 is a naturally aspirated gasoline-powered 3.0 L (180 cu in) V8 racing engine, developed and built by Yamaha for Formula 3000, specifically the Japanese Formula 3000 Championship, between 1987 and 1988. It is derived from the Cosworth DFV engine, but uses 5 valves per cylinder instead of the DFV's 4.

This engine notably won the 1988 Japanese Formula 3000 Championship, being driven by Aguri Suzuki.

Formula 3000
Formula 3000 (F3000) was a type of open wheel, single seater formula racing, occupying the tier immediately below Formula One and above Formula Three.  It was so named because the cars were powered by 3.0 L engines.
Torrent Project
The Torrent Project or Torrent Search Project was a metasearch engine for torrent files, which consolidated links from other popular torrent hosting pages such as ExtraTorrent. It was available as an alternative and successor for the closed Torrentz.eu and KickassTorrents sites, and its index included over 8 million torrent files, and had a clean, simple interface. Beyond allowing torrent files of popular films, it also carried self-produced content. It had an API that allowed the search function to be integrated into applications, and the news-site TorrentFreak suggested that it could have allowed streaming in the future. It had adopted the Torrents Time plugin.

The torrentproject.com URL was part of a 2014 United Kingdom High Court decision, which ordered it to be blocked. The site shut down on 4 Sep 2017. It is not clear whether TorrentProject will return.

TorrentFreak
TorrentFreak (TF) is a blog dedicated to reporting the latest news and trends on the BitTorrent protocol and file sharing, as well as on copyright infringement and digital rights.

The website was started in November 2005 by a Dutchman using the pseudonym "Ernesto van der Sar". He was joined by Andy "Enigmax" Maxwell and Ben Jones in 2007. Regular contributors include Rickard Falkvinge, founder of the Pirate Party. The online publication eCommerceTimes, in 2009, described "Ernesto" as the pseudonym of Lennart Renkema, owner of TorrentFreak. TorrentFreak's text is free content under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial version 3.0 license.

Their lead researcher and community manager was the Pirate Party activist Andrew Norton, from 2007 to 2022.

TorrentFreak is incorporated in the Netherlands, with an office in Groningen and a mailing address in Manchester, United Kingdom.
2012 Women's Junior South American Volleyball Championship
The 2012 Women's Junior South American Volleyball Championship was the 21st edition of the tournament, organised by South America's governing volleyball body, the Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV). It was determined February 26, 2011 the Peru would be the host. The top three teams qualified for the 2013 Junior World Championship.

Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol
The Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) (Portuguese: Confederação Sul-americana de Voleibol) is the continental governing body for the sports of volleyball in South America. Its headquarters is located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Dipak Kumar Sen
Dipak Kumar Sen was an Indian judge and a  Chief Justice of Patna High Court. He was also the acting Governor of Bihar.

Sen was born on 1 May 1927. He attended St. Gregory's School in Dacca, Khulna Zilla School, and Presidency College, Calcutta. On 17 November 1950, he was called to the Bar by Gray's Inn, London.

St. Gregory's High School and College
St. Gregory's High School & College is a Catholic school in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was founded in 1882, when the city was part of British India, by Gregory De Groote, a Belgian Benedictine priest. The school, located on Municipal office street of the Luxmibazar neighborhood of Old Dhaka, was named after Pope Gregory I (540–604). Brother Placid Peter Rebeiro CSC, is the current principal of the institution.
Sultan al-Ghuri Complex
The Sultan al-Ghuri Complex, also known as the Funerary complex of Sultan al-Ghuri, and as the al-Ghuriya, is a monumental Islamic religious and funerary complex built by the Mamluk sultan Qansuh al-Ghuri between 1503 and 1505 CE. The complex consists of two major buildings facing each other on al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah Street, in the Fahhamin Quarter, in the middle of the historic part of Cairo, Egypt. The eastern side of the complex includes the Sultan's mausoleum, a khanqah, a sabil (water distribution kiosk), and a kuttab (Islamic primary school), while the western side of the complex is a mosque and madrasa. Today the mosque-madrasa is open as a mosque while the former khanqah-mausoleum is open to visitors as a historic site.

Mihrab
Mihrab (Arabic: محراب, miḥrāb, pl. محاريب maḥārīb) is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla, the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca towards which Muslims should face when praying. The wall in which a mihrab appears is thus the "qibla wall".

The minbar, which is the raised platform from which an imam (leader of prayer) addresses the congregation, is located to the right of the mihrab.
Raja ibn Haywa
Raja ibn Haywa al-Kindi (Arabic: رَجَاء بْنِ حَيْوَة الكِنْدِيّ, romanized: Rajaʾ ibn Ḥaywa al-Kindī) was a prominent Muslim theological and political adviser of the Umayyad caliphs Abd al-Malik (r. 685–705), al-Walid I (r. 705–715), Sulayman (r. 715–717) and Umar (r. 717–720). He was a staunch defender of the religious conduct of the caliphs against their pious detractors. He played an important role in the construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem under Abd al-Malik. He became a mentor of Sulayman during the latter's governorship of Palestine and his secretary or chief scribe during his caliphate. Raja played an influential role in securing the succession of Umar over Sulayman's brothers or sons and continued as a secretary to the new caliph. He spent the last decade of his life in retirement, though he maintained contact with Caliph Hisham (r. 724–743).

Encyclopaedia of Islam
The Encyclopaedia of Islam (also French: Encyclopédie de l'Islam and German: Enzyklopädie des Islām; EI is a common abbreviation in all three languages) is a reference work that facilitates the academic study of Islam. It is published by Brill and provides information on various aspects of Islam and the Islamic world. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. The first edition was published in 1913–1938, the second in 1954–2005, and the third was begun in 2007.
Sanford Hinderlie
Sanford Hinderlie (born January 23, 1952) is an American jazz pianist, composer, educator, and record producer. He currently serves as the Conrad N. Hilton Chair of Music Industry Studies at Loyola University New Orleans, a position he has held since 1981.

Conrad Hilton
Conrad Nicholson Hilton (December 25, 1887 – January 3, 1979) was an American hotel magnate and politician who founded the Hilton Hotels chain. From 1912 to 1916, Hilton was a Republican representative in the first New Mexico Legislature, but became disillusioned with the "inside deals" of politics. In 1919, he purchased his first hotel, the Mobley Hotel in Cisco, Texas, for US$40,000 (equivalent to $725,451 in 2024) and subsequently capitalized on the oil boom. The rooms were rented out in eight-hour shifts. He continued to purchase and sell hotels, and eventually established the world's first international hotel chain. When he died in 1979, he left the bulk of his estate to the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation.
Dagan languages
The Dagan or Meneao Range languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the Meneao Range of the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea, the easternmost Papuan languages on the mainland. They are the most divergent of the several small families within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea.

Papuan Peninsula
The Papuan Peninsula, also known as the Bird's Tail Peninsula, is a large peninsula in Papua New Guinea, southeast of the city of Lae, that makes up the southeastern portion of the island of New Guinea. The peninsula is the easternmost extent of the New Guinea Highlands and consists largely of the Owen Stanley Range, with peaks such as Mount Victoria (4,038 m) and Mount Suckling (3,676 m). On the south coast is Port Moresby, the capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea.

The island of New Guinea is often visualized as being in the shape of a bird, with the Bird's Head Peninsula being at the northwest end of the island, and the Bird's Tail Peninsula at the southeast end. For example, American soldiers in WWII visualized it specifically as a turkey, and referenced the anatomy of the bird as a shorthand for explaining where various actions and deployments occurred on the island.

The island has also been visualised as a lizard.
U-matic
3⁄4-inch Type E Helical Scan or SMPTE E is an analog recording videocassette format marketed by Sony Electronics Corporation, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. (Panasonic) and Victor Co. of Japan (JVC). It was initially developed by Sony and shown as a prototype in October 1969, refined and standardized among the three manufacturers in March 1970, and introduced commercially in September 1971 by Sony. The format was branded U-matic by Sony, U-Vision by Panasonic and U-VCR by JVC, referring to the U-shaped tape path as it threads around the video drum.

The format was among the earliest video formats to house videotape inside a cassette, replacing the reel-to-reel systems common at the time. The format uses 3⁄4-inch-wide (19 mm) tape, earning it the nickname "three-quarter-inch" or simply "three-quarter," in contrast to larger open-reel formats like 1 in (25 mm) Type C videotape and 2 in (51 mm) quadruplex videotape.

SMPTE timecode
SMPTE timecode (/ˈsɪmptiː/ or /ˈsɪmtiː/) is a set of cooperating standards to label individual frames of video or film with a timecode. The system is defined by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers in the SMPTE 12M specification. SMPTE revised the standard in 2008, turning it into a two-part document: SMPTE 12M-1 and SMPTE 12M-2, including new explanations and clarifications.

Timecodes are added to film, video or audio material, and have also been adapted to synchronize music and theatrical production. They provide a time reference for editing, synchronization and identification. Timecode is a form of media metadata. The invention of timecode made modern videotape editing possible and led eventually to the creation of non-linear editing systems.
Natalia Pertseva
Natalia Pertseva is a retired Russian football defender mostly played for Rossiyanka Krasnoarmeysk in the Russian Championship. She began her career in Nadezhda Noginsk.

She was a member of the Russian national team since 2002, taking part in the 2009 European Championship.

UEFA Women's Euro 2009
The 2009 UEFA Women's Championship, often known as the 2009 Women's Euros or just the 2009 Euros, was played in Finland between 23 August and 10 September 2009. The host was appointed on 11 July 2006, in a UEFA Executive Committee meeting in Berlin and the Finnish proposal won over the Dutch proposal.

The UEFA Women's Championship is a regular tournament involving European national teams from countries affiliated to UEFA, the European governing body, who have qualified for the competition. The competition aims to determine which national women's team is the best in Europe.

The 2009 tournament was won by Germany for a fifth straight and record-extending seventh time in total. They beat England, appearing in their first final since 1984, 6–2 in the final. The Germans also boasted the tournament's leading goalscorer in Inka Grings.

Iceland, Netherlands and Ukraine made their debut.
2021–22 Thai League 3 National Championship
The National Championship was the next stage from the regional stage of 2021–22 Thai League 3. The winners and runners-ups of each region would qualify for this round to find 3 clubs promoting to 2022–23 Thai League 2.

Sisaket F.C.
Sisaket Football Club (Thai: สโมสรฟุตบอลจังหวัดศรีสะเกษ) is a Thai defunct professional football club. The club used to play in the Thai League 1 between season 2010 to 2017. The highlight is being a local team that has a large number of football fans in the Isan area.
Calcitonin gene-related peptide
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide that belongs to the calcitonin family. Human CGRP consists of two isoforms, CGRP alpha (α-CGRP, also known as CGRP I) and CGRP beta (β-CGRP, also known as CGRP II). α-CGRP is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide formed by alternative splicing of the calcitonin/CGRP gene located on chromosome 11. β-CGRP is less studied. In humans, β-CGRP differs from α-CGRP by three amino acids and is encoded in a separate, nearby gene. The CGRP family includes calcitonin (CT), adrenomedullin (AM), and amylin (AMY).

Trigeminal ganglion
The trigeminal ganglion (also known as: Gasserian ganglion, semilunar ganglion, or Gasser's ganglion) is the sensory ganglion of each trigeminal nerve (CN V). The trigeminal ganglion is located within the trigeminal cave (Meckel's cave), a cavity formed by dura mater.
2011 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 1
The 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification UEFA Group 1 was a UEFA qualifying group for the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup. The group comprised France, Iceland, Serbia, Northern Ireland, Croatia and Estonia. It was the only six-team group (the other seven having only five teams each).

The group was won by France who advanced to the play-off rounds.

Estonia women's national football team
The Estonia women's national football team (Estonian: Eesti naiste jalgpallikoondis) represents Estonia in international women's football matches and are controlled by the Estonian Football Association, the governing body for football in Estonia.

Estonia played its first international match on 19 August 1994 against Lithuania. The team's home ground is the Lilleküla Stadium in Tallinn, and the current manager is Aleksandra Ševoldajeva. Estonia has never qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup or the UEFA Women's Championship. They have won the annual Women's Baltic Cup 12 times.
Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve
The Caves of Nahal Me’arot / Wadi el-Mughara ("Caves Creek"), named here by the Hebrew and Arabic name of the valley where they are located, are a UNESCO Site of Human Evolution in the Carmel mountain range near Haifa in northern Israel.

The four UNESCO-listed caves are:

Tabun or Tanur Cave (lit.: "Oven")

Gamal or el-Jamal Cave ("Camel")

El Wad or Nahal Cave ("Stream")

Skhul or Gedi Cave ("Kid")

The four caves were proclaimed a site of "outstanding universal value" by UNESCO in 2012. They are protected within a nature reserve.

The caves were used for habitation by hominins and prehistoric humans and contain unique evidence of very early burials, at the archaeological site of el-Wad cave in the Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve.

Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year.

In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present".
FuturePlay
The International Academic Conference on the Future of Game Design and Technology, also known as FuturePlay, is an international academic conference that focuses on the future of video game design and technology. The most recent conference under that title was held in 2010.

Algoma University
Algoma University, commonly shortened to Algoma U, is a Canadian public university in the province of Ontario, with campuses in Brampton, Sault Ste. Marie, and Timmins. Algoma U offers bachelor's degrees, master's degrees and graduate certificate programs in liberal arts, sciences and professional disciplines.

Algoma University specializes in liberal arts, sciences, management and professional degree programs.

From its founding in 1965 until June 18, 2008, Algoma U was an affiliated college of Laurentian University in Sudbury and was officially known as Algoma University College. The enabling legislation is the Algoma University Act, 2008.
World Armwrestling Championship
World Armwrestling Championships is the main arm wrestling championship in the World. It is organized by the World Armwrestling Federation, founded in 1977. The first WAF World Armwrestling was hosted by John Miazdzyk in Wetaskiwin, Alberta, Canada, in 1979.

Wetaskiwin
Wetaskiwin (/wəˈtæsk(ə)wɪn/ wə-TAS-k(ə-)win) is a city in the province of Alberta, Canada. The city is 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of the provincial capital of Edmonton. The city name comes from the Cree word wītaskiwinihk, meaning "the hills where peace was made".

Wetaskiwin is home to the Reynolds-Alberta Museum, a museum dedicated to celebrating "the spirit of the machine" as well as the Wetaskiwin and District Heritage Museum, which documents the pioneer arrival and lifestyle in Wetaskiwin's early years. Southeast of Wetaskiwin, the Alberta Central Railway Museum acknowledges the impact that the railway had on Central Alberta.

The city is well known in Western Canada for the slogan and jingle "Cars cost less in Wetaskiwin", from the Wetaskiwin Auto Dealers Association. Both have been in print, radio, and television advertisements since the mid-1970s.
Philosophy of happiness
The philosophy of happiness is the philosophical concern with the existence, nature, and attainment of happiness. Some philosophers believe happiness can be understood as the moral goal of life or as an aspect of chance; indeed, in most European languages the term happiness is synonymous with luck. Thus, philosophers usually explicate on happiness as either a state of mind, or a life that goes well for the person leading it. Given the pragmatic concern for the attainment of happiness, research in psychology has guided many modern-day philosophers in developing their theories.

Viktor Frankl
Viktor Emil Frankl (Austrian German: [ˈfraŋkl̩]; 26 March 1905 – 2 September 1997)
was an Austrian neurologist, psychiatrist, philosopher, and Holocaust survivor, who founded logotherapy, a school of psychotherapy that describes a search for a life's meaning as the central human motivational force. Logotherapy is part of existential and humanistic psychology theories.

Logotherapy was promoted as the third school of Viennese Psychotherapy, after those established by Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler.

Frankl wrote 39 books. The autobiographical Man's Search for Meaning, a best-selling book, is based on his experiences in various Nazi concentration camps.
Noson Lawen (film)
Noson Lawen is a 1949 short Welsh language Welsh film directed by Marc Lloyd and starring Meredydd Evans, Ieuan Rhys Williams, Nellie Hodgkins and Robert Roberts. It was written by Sam Jones, Head of the Welsh BBC in Bangor, based on the radio series he created.

A noson lawen is traditional Welsh party with music.

Bangor, Gwynedd
Bangor (/ˈbæŋɡɔːr/, /-ɡər/; Welsh: [ˈbaŋɡɔr] ⓘ) is a cathedral city and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Historically part of Caernarfonshire, the community had a population of 15,060 at the 2021 census, and the built up area had a population of 16,990. Landmarks include Bangor Cathedral, Bangor University and Garth Pier. The Britannia and Menai Suspension bridges connect the city to the Isle of Anglesey.
Roberto Rojas (politician)
Roberto Rojas Herrera (25 November 1966 – 17 October 2022) was a Bolivian accountant, politician, and trade unionist who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz, representing circumscription 15 from 2010 to 2015. A member of the Movement for Socialism, Rojas entered political activity as a member of El Alto's neighborhood councils, serving as secretary of sports for the city's San Pablo Zone before presiding over the District 3 council from 2000 to 2009. One rung above, he served as secretary of organization of the Federation of Neighborhood Councils from 2008 to 2010. The organization's alliance with the Movement for Socialism facilitated Rojas' entry into the Chamber of Deputies. Following his tenure in the legislature, he returned to El Alto, briefly serving as regional manager of the state-owned water and sanitation company before finally retiring from public life.

La Paz Department (Bolivia)
The La Paz Department of Bolivia comprises 133,985 square kilometres (51,732 sq mi) with a 2024 census population of 3,022,566 inhabitants. It is situated at the western border of Bolivia, sharing Lake Titicaca with the neighboring Peru. It contains the Cordillera Real mountain range, which reaches altitudes of 6.6 kilometers (22,000 ft). Northeast of the Cordillera Real are the Yungas, the steep eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains that make the transition to the Amazon River basin to the northeast. The capital of the department is the city of La Paz and is the administrative city and seat of government/national capital of Bolivia.
Norrtull Hospital
Norrtull Hospital (Swedish: Norrtulls sjukhus) in Vasastan, Stockholm, Sweden was erected 1883–85 as a model orphanage, converted in the 1920s to a children's hospital that in 1951 was relocated to the Karolinska Institute and later renamed to Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital. Norrtull Hospital was then converted into a geriatric hospital, and in the 1990s to a psychiatric clinic. As the buildings in 2004 were deemed inappropriate, they have been sold on the open market.

The school Viktor Rydberg Gymnasium is since 2015 located to a part of Norrtulls sjukhus, which Lilla Akademien is as well.

Vasastan, Stockholm
Vasastan, or formally Vasastaden, (Swedish for "Vasa town") is a 3.00 km2 large city district in central Stockholm, Sweden, being a part of Norrmalm borough.

The major parks in Vasastaden are Vasaparken and Observatorielunden near the centre and Vanadislunden and Bellevueparken in the north.

Vasastaden is considered Sweden’s most expensive district based on average price per square meter, a position the district has held since the 2010s.