hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
YSW
YSW could refer to:

Yiddish Summer Weimar, a celebration of Yiddish culture in Weimar, Germany

Yusafwala railway station, a train station in Yusafwala, Pakistan

Yingshang County, a county in Anhui province, China; see List of administrative divisions of Anhui

Yiddish Summer Weimar
Yiddish Summer Weimar is an annual summer institute and festival for Yiddish music, language and culture which takes place in Weimar, Germany. Starting as a 3-day workshop in 1998, it was officially founded in its current form in 2006 and has grown to become one of the most important festivals and educational organizations for Klezmer, Yiddish song, Yiddish Language, dance and culture. It is known for its transcultural and transnational perspective which supports an international learning community, for the pedagogical approach of its founder, Alan Bern, and for its commitment to the creation and presentation of historically informed, contemporary Yiddish artistic production.
Sloan Great Wall
The Sloan Great Wall (SGW) is a cosmic structure formed by a giant wall of galaxies (a galaxy filament). Its discovery was announced from Princeton University on October 20, 2003, by J. Richard Gott III, Mario Jurić, and their colleagues, based on data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.

J. Richard Gott
John Richard Gott III (born February 8, 1947) is an American astrophysicist. He is professor of astrophysical sciences at Princeton University. He is known for his work on time travel and the Doomsday argument.
Shiva Mecchida Kannappa
Shiva Mecchida Kannappa (transl. Kannappa who was blessed by Shiva) is a 1988 Indian Kannada-language film directed by Vijay. The film is a rehashed version of the 1954 film Bedara Kannappa, the debut film of actor Rajkumar. Produced by Raghavendra Rajkumar, the film is about the life of Kannappa, a hunter who becomes a Lord Shiva devotee; Kanappa is played by Puneeth Rajkumar in younger days and Shivarajkumar in adult life. The rest of the cast includes Geetha, Sarala Devi, C. R. Simha and Rajkumar himself playing a brief cameo role in the role of Shiva. The film has musical score by T. G. Lingappa and the dialogues and lyrics written by Chi. Udaya Shankar.

Chi. Udayashankar
Chitnahalli Udayashankar (18 February 1934 – 2 July 1993; born in Chitnahalli) was an Indian lyricist and dialogue writer in the Kannada film industry for over three decades, who penned more than 3000 songs for films and devotional songs. His dialogues, screenplay and lyrics were instrumental in the success of many movies of Rajkumar. Udayashankar received four Karnataka State Film Award for Best Dialogue and two Karnataka State Film Award for Best Screenplay. He was the son of lyricist Chi. Sadashivaiah. His son Chi. Guru Dutt is an actor and director in Kannada and Tamil feature films.
Rita Sangalli
Rita Sangalli (20 August 1849 – 3 November 1909) was an Italian ballet dancer. Born in Antegnate, she danced in the Italian provinces of Asti, Piacenza, and Turin, making her 1865 debut at Milan's La Scala in Paul Taglioni's (1808-1884) Flik and Flok,  before being hired for the opera at Her Majesty's Theatre in London. In 1872, she danced the principal role in La source at its successful revival. In the same year, she joined the Paris Opera Ballet, where she performed in numerous premieres, including in the role of Sylvia (14 June 1876), Yedda (1879),  and Namouna (6 March 1882). She retired from the company in 1884. Sangalli toured America where she performed in The Black Crook and Flick Flock.  In August 1901, Sangali and Marie Bonfanti performed at the Metropolitan Opera House, during the inaugural season of ballet at the New York City venue. She died  in Carpesino d'Arcellasco, Italy.

Sylvia (ballet)
Sylvia, originally Sylvia, ou La nymphe de Diane, is a full-length classical ballet in two or three acts, first choreographed by Louis Mérante to music by Léo Delibes.

The ballet's premiere took place on 14 June 1876 at the Palais Garnier, but was largely unnoticed by the critics. The first seven productions were commercially unsuccessful, but the 1952 revival, choreographed by Frederick Ashton, popularized the work. Productions in 1997, 2004, 2005, and 2009 productions were all based on Ashton's choreography.
Jean IV de Beaumont
Jean IV de Beaumont (died July 1318) was a Marshal of France.

De Beaumont was appointed a Marshal of France by Louis X in 1315 following the resignation of Miles de Noyers. He was appointed Governor of Artois in December the same year.

Louis X of France
Louis X (4 October 1289 – 5 June 1316), known as the Quarrelsome (French: le Hutin), was King of France from 1314 and King of Navarre (as Louis I) from 1305 until his death. He emancipated serfs who could buy their freedom and readmitted Jews into the kingdom. His short reign in France was marked by tensions with the nobility, due to fiscal and centralisation reforms initiated during the reign of his father by Grand Chamberlain Enguerrand de Marigny.

Louis' first wife, Margaret, was implicated in the Tour de Nesle affair. She was found guilty of infidelity and imprisoned until her death in August 1315. Louis married Clémence of Hungary the same year, but the king died in 1316 leaving his wife pregnant. Queen Clémence gave birth to a boy, who was proclaimed king as John I, but the infant lived only five days. Louis' brother Philip, Count of Poitiers, succeeded John to become Philip V of France.
LISAA School of Art & Design
LISAA School of Art & Design, (L'Institut Supérieur des Arts Appliqués) is a French private college for applied arts education founded in 1986. LISAA has locations in Paris, Rennes, Nantes, Strasbourg, Bordeaux and Toulouse. The school is one of about 100 recognized by the French Ministry of Culture and Communication. Diplomas are offered in graphic design, animation & video games, interior architecture & design, and fashion.

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
Jean Hepburn
Jean Hepburn, Lady Darnley, Mistress of Caithness, Lady Morham (died 1599) was a Scottish noblewoman and a member of the Border clan of Hepburn. Her brother was James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell, the third husband of Mary, Queen of Scots. Jean's first husband was John Stewart, 1st Lord Darnley, an illegitimate half-brother of Queen Mary, which made Jean a double sister-in-law of the queen. Jean married three times. She was also Lady of Morham, having received in 1573 the barony of Morham and lands which had belonged to her mother, Lady Agnes Sinclair and was forfeited to the Crown subsequent to her brother, the Earl of Bothwell's attainder for treason.

Thomas Randolph (ambassador)
Thomas Randolph (1523–1590) was an English ambassador serving Elizabeth I of England. Most of his professional life he spent in Scotland at the courts of Mary, Queen of Scots, and her son James VI. While in Scotland, he was embroiled in marriage projects and several upheavals. In 1568–1569, he was sent on a special embassy to Russia, visiting the court of Ivan the Terrible.

Randolph was also a Member of Parliament: for New Romney in 1558, Maidstone 1584, 1586 and 1589, Grantham 1559 and St Ives 1558 and 1572.
Poskanzer
Poskanzer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur M. Poskanzer (1931–2021), American physicist

Jef Poskanzer (fl. 1993), American computer programmer

Steven Poskanzer (fl. 2001), American university administrator

Steven G. Poskanzer
Steven Poskanzer is an American academic who served as the 11th president of Carleton College in Northfield, Minnesota.  Previously, he was chief of staff to the president at the University of Chicago for four years, then spent 12 years at the State University of New York at New Paltz where he served as president from 2001 until 2010, when he became Carleton's president.
Delangokubona SA Business Forum
The Durban based Delangokubona Business Forum, sometimes known as amaDelangokubona, claims to be a legitimate business association but is widely described as a 'mafia'.

It's tactics have included armed disruptions of construction sites and threats accompanied by demands for a percentage of contacts and armed demands that certain businesses not operate in certain areas.

Delangokubona has been connected to and strongly supportive of former South African President Jacob Zuma and former Durban Mayor Zandile Gumede, both of whom have been investigated for large scale corruption.

President Cyril Ramaphosa has condemned the organisation for engaging in 'robbery' and called for a law enforcement crackdown.

Zandile Gumede
Zandile Ruth Thelma Gumede (born 12 May 1961) is a South African who has been serving as a Member of the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature since 2020. She served as the Executive Mayor of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality from 2016 until 2019. Gumede is a member of the African National Congress. And the current Chair Person of the African National Congress (ANC) at EThekwini Region.
Machilipatnam Urban Development Authority
The Machilipatnam Urban Development Authority (MUDA) is a special urban planning authority. It was constituted on 1 February 2016, under Andhra Pradesh Urban Areas (Development) Act 1975. The headquarters are located at Machilipatnam in the Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

Krishna district
Krishna district is a district in the Coastal Andhra region in Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, with Machilipatnam as its administrative headquarters. It is surrounded on the East by Bay of Bengal, West by Guntur, Bapatla and North by Eluru and NTR districts and South again by Bay of Bengal.
Việt Anh (actor, born 1958)
Nguyễn Văn Liêm (born 26 June 1958), known as Việt Anh, is a Vietnamese actor and theatre producer. Known for his versatility, he is considered one of the greatest actors from Southern Vietnam.

Since the end of the 20th century, Việt Anh established himself in theatrical works such as Lôi Vũ, Dạ Cổ Hoài Lang, Đẹm Hoạ Mi, 41 Hoa Hồng. He is currently the Director of the 5B Võ Văn Tần Drama Theater.

After more than 40 years of artistic activities, he was awarded the title of Merited Artist of Vietnam and People's Artist by the State.

Dạ cổ hoài lang
Dạ cổ hoài lang (Vietnamese: [zâːˀ ko᷉ hwâːj laːŋ], "Night Drum Beats Cause Longing for Absent Husband") is a Vietnamese song, composed circa 1918 by songwriter Cao Văn Lầu, colloquially known as "Sáu Lầu," from Bạc Liêu. It was a massive hit across Vietnam in 1927 as it was taken up by travelling troupes and spawned many variants, versions and imitators.

The song Dạ cổ hoài lang marked the beginning of the iconic vọng cổ melody, which has become a subgenre on its own within the đờn ca tài tử and cải lương music that for many people Lầu's Dạ cổ hoài lang is still synonymous with vọng cổ.
Akiko Morigami
Akiko Morigami (森上 亜希子, Morigami Akiko; born 12 January 1980) is a Japanese former tennis player.
She turned professional in 1998. On 15 August 2005, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 41.

Morigami won one singles title in her career, defeating top-seeded Marion Bartoli in 2007 in the final of the Prague Open. She reached two other singles finals, both in Cincinnati (falling to Patty Schnyder in 2005, and losing to Anna Chakvetadze in 2007). At the 2006 French Open, she upset then-world No. 3, Nadia Petrova, in the first round.

Morigami retired after the 2009 Japan Open. In the first round, she defeated qualifier Anastasia Rodionova in three sets, and in the second, she lost to the eventual champion, Samantha Stosur, 1–6, 2–6. This was her last match on the professional tour.

I.ČLTK Prague Open
The Advantage Cars Prague Open (formerly I.ČLTK Prague Open) is a tennis tournament held in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. The tournament is part of the ATP Challenger Tour since 1991 (with an interruption in the years 2000, 2009–10) and the ITF Women's Circuit since 2011. It was part of the WTA Tour from 1995 until 2010. The event is held at I. ČLTK Prague on Štvanice island.

Jan Hernych is the singles record holder with three titles. Michal Tabara, Lukáš Rosol and Horacio Zeballos are the only three to win both singles and doubles in the same year.
Jacob Lake Ranger Station
The Jacob Lake Ranger Station is a historic U.S. Forest Service ranger station in the unincorporated community of Jacob Lake, Arizona, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

Ranger station
A ranger station is a building complex typically including a dwelling and outbuildings which support a ranger or other guardian of a wilderness or national forest area.

For example, the Cold Meadows Guard Station in Idaho County, Idaho, United States, is a complex of six buildings and structures in the Payette National Forest.
Articulated vehicle
An articulated vehicle is a vehicle which has a permanent or semi-permanent coupling in its construction. This coupling works as a large pivot joint, allowing it to bend and turn more sharply. There are many kinds, from heavy equipment to buses, trams and trains. Steam locomotives were sometimes articulated so the driving wheels could pivot around corners.

In a broader sense, any vehicle towing a trailer (including a semi-trailer) could be described as articulated (which comes from the Latin word articulus, "small joint"). In the UK, an articulated lorry is the combination of a tractor and a trailer, abbreviated to "artic". In the US, it is called a semi-trailer truck, tractor-trailer or semi-truck and is not necessarily considered articulated.

Turning radius
The turning radius (alternatively, turning diameter or turning circle) of a vehicle defines the minimum dimension (typically the radius or diameter) of available space required for that vehicle to make a semi-circular U-turn without skidding. The Oxford English Dictionary describes turning circle as "the smallest circle within which a ship, motor vehicle, etc., can be turned round completely". The term thus refers to a theoretical minimal circle in which for example an aeroplane, a ground vehicle or a watercraft can be turned around.

The terms (radius, diameter, or circle) can have different meanings; refer to the § Alternative nomenclature section.
Pasht Ashan massacre
The Pasht Ashan massacre (Arabic: مجزرة بشتآشان, Sorani Kurdish: کارەساتی پشت ئاشان) was a raid on the Iraqi Communist Party headquarters in Pasht Ashan, Iraqi Kurdistan, in which the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan killed over 150 members of the group and severely weakened it.

Iraqi Kurdistan
Iraqi Kurdistan or Southern Kurdistan (Kurdish: باشووری کوردستان, romanized: Başûrê Kurdistanê) refers to the Kurdish-populated part of northern Iraq. It is considered one of the four parts of Greater Kurdistan in West Asia, which also includes parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northern Syria (Western Kurdistan), and northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan). Much of the geographical and cultural region of Iraqi Kurdistan is part of the Kurdistan Region (KRI), a semi-autonomous region recognized by the Constitution of Iraq. As with the rest of Kurdistan, and unlike most of the rest of Iraq, the region is inland and mountainous.
Gymnotus tiquie
Gymnotus tiquie, the sarapó, is an electric knifefish found in the Tiquié River, a tributary of the Vaupés River in the upper Negro basin, Amazonas, Brazil. It is sympatric with both G. carapo and G. coropinae. Like the rest of its genus, it is exclusively a freshwater fish. It generates a weak electric field used for both navigation and communication.

It possesses a distinct color pattern of dark, oblique bands divided into pairs. G. cataniapo is the most similar-looking species, with both fish sharing several characteristics. It grows to a maximum length around 24 cm (9.4 in).

Vaupés River
Vaupés River (Uaupés River) is a tributary of the Rio Negro in South America. It rises in the Vaupes Department of Colombia, flowing east through Vaupés Department. It forms part of the international border between the Vaupés department of Colombia and the Amazonas state of Brazil.  On the border it merges with the Papurí River and becomes known as the Uaupés. In 1847 an explorer saw a rapid which hurled its waves 12 or 15 metres (40 or 50 ft) in the air, "as if great subaqueous explosions were taking place." The river continues eastwards through the Alto Rio Negro Indigenous Territory until it flows into the Rio Negro at São Joaquim, Amazonas.
Vaupés is a blackwater river.
Davinder Kumar Bhutto
Davinder Kumar Bhutto (born 1974) is an Indian politician from Himachal Pradesh. He was a member of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Kutlehar Assembly constituency in Una district. He won the 2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election representing the Indian National Congress.

Una district
Una district is a district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Una shares its border with the Hoshiarpur and Rupnagar districts of  Punjab and Kangra, Hamirpur, and Bilaspur districts of Himachal Pradesh. The terrain is generally plain with semi hills.

Una has five tehsils, namely Ghanari, Haroli, Amb, Bangana and Una itself. It was a tehsil of Hoshiarpur district until the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966 and Kangra district until 1972, after which it became a district of Himachal Pradesh.
2010 French regional elections
Regional elections were held in France on 14 and 21 March 2010. At stake were the presidencies of each of France's 26 régions, which, though they do not have legislative autonomy, manage sizable budgets.

The elections resulted in significant gains for the French Socialist Party (PS) and its allies, who went on to control 21 of the 22 regions of Metropolitan France.

Languedoc-Roussillon
Languedoc-Roussillon (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃ɡ(ə)dɔk ʁusijɔ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: Lengadòc-Rosselhon [ˌleŋɡɔˈðɔk ruseˈʎu]; Catalan: Llenguadoc-Rosselló) is a former administrative region of France. On 1 January 2016, it joined with the region of Midi-Pyrénées to become Occitania. It comprised five departments, and bordered the other French regions of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Rhône-Alpes, Auvergne, Midi-Pyrénées towards the north, and Spain, Andorra and the Mediterranean Sea towards the south. It was the southernmost region of mainland France.
Sirba Abbay
Sirba Abbay is one of the 20 Districts of Ethiopia, or woredas, in the Benishangul-Gumuz Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Kamashi Zone, Sirba Abbay is bordered by the Oromia Region on the southwest, by Asosa Zone and Sudan on the west, by the Abay River on the north and east which separates it from the Metekel Zone, and by Agalo Mite on the southeast.

The book Mystery of the Nile narrates how one of the authors, Pasquale Scaturro, had been detained at the administrative center of Sirba Abay by the woreda administrator, Faisa Ayana, while travelling down the Abay in 2004. Near the administrative center there was a missionary station run by a Norwegian church.

This woreda is located on the southern slopes of the Abay River, with elevations ranging from approximately 2500 meters above sea level in the south to just under 1000 meters at the bottom of the Abay valley.

Kamashi Zone
Kamashi is a zone in the Benishangul-Gumuz Region of Ethiopia. It covers part of the southern bank of the Abay and the valley of the Didessa Rivers. The Zone is bordered on the south and east by the Oromia Region, on the west by the Asosa and Sudan, and on the north by Metekel and the Amhara Region, which lie on the further bank of the Abay. The majority ethnic group in the zone is the Gumuz people, with significant Oromo and Amhara minorities as well.

Rivers in Kamashi include the Didessa.
Sai Wan Shan (Sai Kung)
Sai Wan Shan (Chinese: 西灣山) is a hill that lies within Sai Kung East Country Park, south of Tai Long Wan, on the Sai Kung Peninsula in Hong Kong. It has a height of 314 metres (1,030 ft) above sea level. The hill is reasonably easy for hikers and is a popular site for hiking in Hong Kong. A portion of MacLehose Trail Stage 2 is built along the ridge of this hill.

Sai Kung East Country Park
Sai Kung East Country Park (Chinese: 西貢東郊野公園) is a country park on the Sai Kung Peninsula in Hong Kong, measuring 44.77 square kilometres (17.29 sq mi). It opened in 1978 and has features including:

High Island Reservoir

High Island

Pak Tam Au

Sheung Yiu

Wong Shek Pier

Beaches of Tai Long Wan: Sai Wan, Ham Tin Wan, Tai Wan and Tung Wan.

Sharp Peak

Po Pin Chau

Conic Island (飯甑洲, Fan Tsang Chau)

Long Ke Wan

Luk Wu

Long Harbour

Chek Keng
Dive (river)
The Dive (French pronunciation: [div]) is a 73.7 km (45.8 mi) river in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine and Pays de la Loire regions in western France. It is a right-bank tributary of the Thouet. Its source is in the commune of Maisonneuve, Vienne. It later bisects the department of Deux-Sèvres to reach Maine-et-Loire. It flows generally northwards and through the towns of Moncontour and Brézé, finally flowing into the Thouet in Saint-Just-sur-Dive.

In common with most rivers in this region of France flows are quite widely controlled by creation of heads of water, through embankment and barrages, which prevents near loss of upper reaches in summer.  For winter sluices are opened, which prevents flooding, which historically would affect a small proportion of the land as the river gradient is relatively high and the valley modest but noticeable along most banks.

Brézé
Brézé (French pronunciation: [bʁeze] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Bellevigne-les-Châteaux. The Château de Brézé is a small, dry-moated castle.
On the Beach (Neil Young album)
On the Beach is the fifth studio album by Canadian-American musician Neil Young, released by Reprise Records in July 1974. It is the second of the so-called "Ditch Trilogy" that Young recorded following the massive success of 1972's Harvest, and reveals the artist grappling with feelings of over-exposure, alienation and melancholy.

Ben Keith
Bennett Keith Schaeufele (March 6, 1937–July 26, 2010), better known by his stage name Ben Keith, was an American musician and record producer.  Known primarily for his work as a pedal steel guitarist with Neil Young, Keith was a fixture of the Nashville country music community in the 1950s and 1960s before working with numerous successful rock, country and pop artists as both a producer and versatile, multi-instrumentalist sideman for over four decades. Neil Young affectionately referred to him as "Long Grain" (a joking word play reference to a variety of Uncle Ben's Rice and to Ben's height). Keith was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2014.