hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patent Reform Act of 2005
The Patent Reform Act of 2005 (H.R. 2795) was United States patent legislation proposed in the 109th United States Congress. Texas Republican Congressman Lamar S. Smith introduced the Act on 8 June 2005. Smith called the Act "the most comprehensive change to U.S. patent law since Congress passed the 1952 Patent Act." The Act proposed many of the recommendations made by a 2003 report by the Federal Trade Commission and a 2004 report by the National Academy of Sciences.

The 109th Congress concluded on January 3, 2007  without enacting H.R. 2795. Much of the proposed Act was carried into the proposed Patent Reform Act of 2007 (H.R. 1908, S. 1145), which was introduced in the 110th Congress  on 18 April 2007. A similar act was introduced as the Patent Reform Act of 2009 in the 111th Congress.

Member of congress
A member of congress (MOC), also known as a congressman, congresswoman or congressperson is a person who has been appointed or elected and inducted into an official body called a congress, typically to represent a particular constituency in a legislature. The term member of parliament (MP) is an equivalent term within a parliamentary system of government.
1999–2000 Thailand Provincial League
The 1999–2000 Pro League Football League for the five-year pilot of the Football Association of Thailand. The management team of the tournament in the first 3 years there will be no relegation. The Organising Committee has selected the teams from various sports associations in each sector.

Northern Region had  Nakhon Sawan, Chiangmai

North Eastern Region had Sisaket, Udon Thani, Nakhon Ratchasima

Central Region had  Bangkok, Nakhon Pathom, Suphanburi

Southern Region had  Satun, Surat Thani,  Pattani, Songkhla

Central Thailand
Central Thailand (also known as Siam, Siam proper or Dvaravati) is one of the regions of Thailand, covering the broad alluvial plain of the Chao Phraya River. Located in the central plains, it is separated from northeast Thailand (Isan) by the Phetchabun mountain range. The Tenasserim Hills separate it from Myanmar to the west. In the north it is bounded by the Phi Pan Nam Range, one of the hilly systems of northern Thailand. The area was the heartland of the Ayutthaya Kingdom (at times referred to as Siam) and is still the dominant area of Thailand since it contains the world's most primate city, Bangkok.
Mislingford
Mislingford is a small area around the River Meon between the village of Swanmore and the small hamlet of Kingsmead on the A32 road in the City of Winchester district of Hampshire, England. Its nearest town is Fareham, which lies approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) south-east from the village.

A32 road
The A32 is a road in Hampshire, southern England, that links Gosport and Alton.  Starting at Gosport, facing Portsmouth, it travels north via Fareham, Wickham, Droxford, before joining the A31 road near Alton. The road is 29.2 miles (47.0 km) long from the seafront at Gosport to the roundabout with the A31 near Alton, and has entirely non-primary status.
Kanna Hirayama
Kanna Hirayama (平山寛菜, Hirayama Kanna; born September 19, 1995) is a Japanese animator, illustrator, and character designer. She is from Kumamoto Prefecture. She also works under the alias Kappe (カッペ) as an illustrator.

Oshi no Ko
Oshi no Ko (【推しの子】) is a Japanese manga series written by Aka Akasaka and illustrated by Mengo Yokoyari. It was serialized in Shueisha's Weekly Young Jump from April 2020 to November 2024, with its chapters collected in 16 tankōbon volumes. It follows a doctor and his recently deceased patient who were reborn as twins to a famous Japanese pop idol and navigate the highs and lows of the country's entertainment industry as they grow up together through their lives. It has been licensed for release in North America by Yen Press and is simultaneously published by Shueisha on their Manga Plus platform.

An anime television series adaptation, produced by Doga Kobo, aired its first 11-episode season from April to June 2023. A second 13-episode season aired from July to October 2024. A third season premiered in January 2026.

By December 2025, Oshi no Ko had over 25 million copies in circulation.
Arnau Bassa
Arnau Bassa was a Catalan painter of the 14th century.

He was the son and disciple of painter Ferrer Bassa, with whom he collaborated on numerous works. He introduced the style influences of the pre-Avignonese school, but later he moved to a more Italianized Gothic painting, of which he became one of the main exponents in Catalonia, Spain.

Among his works is an altarpiece for the shoemakers guild of Barcelona (11 December 1346), destined to the city's cathedral, later moved to the Basilica of Santa Maria in Manresa. In 1347, together with his father, he executed the retablo of St. James for the Monastery of Jonqueres, now in the Diocesan Museum of Barcelona. He also took part in the retablo of the Royal Palace of La Almudaina in Palma de Mallorca (now in the National Museum of Ancient Art in Lisbon), which was later finished by the workshop of Ramón Destorrents, after both Arnau and Ferrer had died of plague in 1348.

Palma de Mallorca
Palma, also known as Palma de Mallorca (officially between 1983–1988, 2006–2008, and 2012–2016), is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain. It is situated on the south coast of Mallorca on the Bay of Palma. With a population of 438,234 as of 2024, it is the 8th-largest city in Spain.

The Cabrera Archipelago, though widely separated from Palma proper, is part of the municipality.
Assam Rajiv Gandhi University of Cooperative Management
Assam Rajiv Gandhi University of Cooperative Management (ARGUCOM) was a state university located in Sivasagar, Assam, India. Established under the Assam Rajiv Gandhi University of Cooperative Management Act, 2010, it was the first cooperative management university in the India. It is merged with newly created Sibsagar University on 3 December, 2023 under The Assam Repealing Act, 2023.

The university, set up at Sivsagar in Upper Assam, was a teaching, residential university.

State university (India)
In India, state universities are run and funded by the state government of each of the states of India.

Following the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1950, education became a state responsibility. Following a constitutional change in 1976, it became a joint responsibility of the states and the central government.

As of 23 August 2022, the UGC lists 456 state universities.
Heart Solent
Heart Solent was a local radio station owned and operated by Global Radio as part of the Heart network. It broadcast to southern and western parts of Hampshire, West Sussex, Dorset and Isle of Wight.

The station launched on 30 July 2010 as a result of a merger between Heart Hampshire (formerly Ocean Sound) and Heart Dorset & New Forest (formerly 2CR).

Heart (radio network)
Heart is a network of thirteen independent adult contemporary radio stations in the United Kingdom, broadcasting a mix of local and networked programming, although only the stations in Scotland and Wales still have their own shows. Ten of the stations are owned and operated by Global, while the other three are owned and operated under separate franchise agreements. The national version of the network is widely available on Global Player, Freeview, Sky, Freesat, Virgin Media and Digital One DAB.

According to RAJAR as of Q4 2025, the entire Heart network has been named "UK biggest radio brand," receiving 12.71 million weekly listeners, beating edgily behind their rival station BBC Radio 2 (with 12.7 million). Heart Breakfast, hosted by Jamie Theakston and Amanda Holden, has 4.1 million listeners, on par with BBC Radio 1 morning show, hosted by Greg James.
Georgette Reed
Georgette Reed (born 26 January 1967) is a Canadian former athlete. She competed in the women's shot put at the 1992 Summer Olympics. She is the daughter of former Saskatchewan Roughriders football player George Reed.

Athletics Canada
Athletics Canada or AC (French: Athlétisme Canada) is the national governing body for athletics in Canada, which includes track and field, cross-country running, road running, and race walking. Based in Ottawa, Ontario, Athletics Canada is a non-profit organization. The organization is led by an elected board of directors, with a head chair, currently Helen Manning.

Athletics Canada is involved in many aspects of the sport at the local, national, and international level – providing the rules, officials, coaching education, sports science and athlete development, youth programs, masters (age 40+) competition, and an annual meeting. It also organizes annual Outdoor Track and Field Championships and Indoor Track and Field Championships.

Athletics Canada is a member of WA, IOC, IPC, EAA,  NACAC, JDFL, CP-ISRA, CGF, ISBA, FISU and WADA.
Bernard Cook
Bernard Cook (15 March 1879 – 15 March 1944) was an Australian cricketer. He played in seven first-class matches for Queensland between 1909 and 1913. He also played bowls and won the Queensland singles championship in 1932 and metropolitan singles championship in 1940. He was also a radio commentator for ABC, 4AK, 4BC, 4BK, 4QG and 4MB. He was also a lieutenant in the 5th Queensland Infantry Brigade during the Second Boer War.

Queensland cricket team
The Queensland men's cricket team (also known as the Queensland Bulls) are an Australian men's professional cricket team based in Queensland. The team competes in Sheffield Shield, the highest level of Australia domestic first class cricket, since the 1926–27 season, as well as the One-Day Cup, the highest level of Australian domestic one-day, since its inception in 1969–70. They also competed in the now defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash.
2012 Open 13 – Doubles
Robin Haase and Ken Skupski were the defending champions, but Haase decided not to participate.
Skupski played alongside Jamie Delgado but were eliminated in the semifinals.
Nicolas Mahut and Édouard Roger-Vasselin defeated Dustin Brown and Jo-Wilfried Tsonga 3–6, 6–3, [10–6] in the final to win the title.

Jamie Delgado
Jamie Delgado  (born 21 March 1977) is a British tennis coach and former professional player. Delgado has represented Great Britain in the Davis Cup, most recently in 2006.

Delgado holds the all-time male record for playing in consecutive Wimbledon tournaments, playing for the 23rd time in 2014 at the age of 37.

His best singles performance at Wimbledon was reaching the second round, on three occasions (1999, 2001 and 2006).

He reached the quarter-finals of the President's Cup tournament in Kazakhstan in 2000. In total he has won three singles Challenger Tour titles but as the years passed, he became more predominantly a doubles specialist player where he has had better success winning fifteen challenger Tour titles and making the final of two ATP Tour events both in 2012. He has coached Gilles Müller, Andy Murray, Denis Shapovalov, Grigor Dimitrov and Jack Draper.
Ignazio Beschin
Ignazio Beschin (born Giuseppe Beschin; 26 August 1880 - 29 October 1952) was an Italian Catholic priest and professed member from the Order of Friars Minor. He studied in northern Italian cities for the priesthood while he did his Franciscan formation before serving as a professor in Rome in addition to holding several other important positions. Beschin was noted for his spiritual direction and for having been a good confessor while he spent most of his career spearheading efforts for the beatification cause of Bernardino da Portogruaro (having been the vice-postulator for his order). Beschin also had served in several leadership roles during his time as a priest that saw him move often from the north to Rome.

The beatification cause for the late priest was introduced in late 1978 and he became titled as a Servant of God at the outset. The cause reached a decisive moment in 2017 when he became titled as Venerable after Pope Francis signed a decree acknowledging his heroic virtue.

Confession (religion)
Confession, in many religions, is the acknowledgment of sinful thoughts and actions. This is performed directly to a deity or to fellow people.

It is often seen as a required action of repentance and a necessary precursor to penance and atonement. It often leads to reconciliation and forgiveness.
Grave visiting
Grave visiting or visiting of graves may mean:-

Pilgrimage – in religious contexts

Tombstone tourist – usually a secular activity

Tomb sweeping or grave tending in various cultures

Ziarah – in Islam – noting it is visitation – not pilgrimage

Ziyarat
Ziyara(h) (Arabic: زِيَارَة ziyārah, "visit") or ziyarat (Persian: زیارت, ziyārat, "pilgrimage"; Turkish: ziyaret, "visit") is a form of pilgrimage to sites associated with the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his family members and descendants (including the Shī'ī Imāms), his companions and other venerated figures in Islam such as the prophets, Sufi auliya, and Islamic scholars. Sites of pilgrimage include mosques, maqams, battlefields, mountains, and caves.

Ziyārat can also refer to a form of supplication made by the Shia, in which they send salutations and greetings to Muhammad and his family.
Čeluga
Čeluga (Cyrillic: Челуга; Albanian: Çelluga) is a settlement in the municipality of Bar, Montenegro. It is located approximately four kilometres from the city of Bar.

According to the 2011 census, its population was 1,481.

Bar Municipality
Bar Municipality (Montenegrin: Opština Bar, Општина Бар) is one of the municipalities of Montenegro. The center is the town of Bar. The municipality is located at the Adriatic coast in southeastern Montenegro. According to the 2011 census, the town proper had 17,649 inhabitants, while the total population of the Bar Municipality was 42,068. The preliminary 2023 census data counted the municipality population at 46,171 inhabitants.
Lake Calumet
Lake Calumet is the largest body of water within the city of Chicago.  Formerly a shallow, postglacial lake draining into Lake Michigan, it was transformed into an industrial harbor during the 20th century.  Parts of the lake have been dredged, and other parts reshaped by landfill. Following the completion of the Cal-Sag Channel in 1922, which reversed the flow of the Calumet River, the lake drains into the Des Plaines River via the channel instead of Lake Michigan.

Calumet is a Norman word used since the 17th century by French colonists in Canada for the ceremonial pipes they saw used by First Nations peoples.

Cal-Sag Channel
The Calumet-Saganashkee Channel, usually shortened to the Cal-Sag Channel, is a 16-mile-long (26 km) drainage and shipping canal in southern Cook County, Illinois, operated by the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago (MWRD). A component of the Chicago Area Waterway System, it connects the Little Calumet River at its eastern end to the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal at its western end.

The Cal-Sag Channel is utilized for inland shipping, recreational boating and drainage purposes in what was an active zone of heavy industry in the Far Southeast Side neighborhoods of the city of Chicago and adjacent suburbs. As a drainage channel, it is used as a conduit for treated effluent wastewater from southern Cook County, including the Chicago-area Deep Tunnel Project, into the Illinois Waterway. It is also used in the summertime by pleasure crafts.
HARDtalk
HARDtalk is a BBC television and radio programme which was broadcast on the British and international feeds of the BBC News channel, and on the BBC World Service, from 31 March 1997 to 26 March 2025.

Broadcast times and days vary, depending on broadcasting platform and geographic location. HARDtalk is also available on BBC iPlayer in the UK only and as a podcast via BBC Sounds.

On 15 October 2024, the BBC announced that as part of a series of cuts to its news department, HARDtalk would no longer be broadcast, along with the tech review show Click. Host Stephen Sackur said the news was "depressing" [for the future of in-depth interviews that] "hold to account those who all too often avoid accountability in their own countries". The programme aired its final episode on television on 26 March 2025 while its last radio episode was aired two days later on 28 March. The radio version was succeeded by a similar programme titled The Interview.

Radio program
A radio program, radio programme, or radio show is a segment of content intended for broadcast on radio. It may be a one-time production, or part of a periodically recurring series. A single program in a series is called an episode.
Ed Iron Cloud III
Edward Iron Cloud III (born August 19, 1964) is an American politician in the state of South Dakota. He served in the South Dakota House of Representatives from his election in November 2008 to November 2012. He is Native American and a member of the Oglala Sioux tribe.

Iron Cloud is a buffalo rancher, who raises herds for both cultural and commercial reasons. One of Iron Cloud's stated goals has been to educate his community about the buffalo’s cultural and spiritual significance to Oglala Lakota people. Iron Cloud is also a board member of The Knife Chief Buffalo Nation Society, a non-profit based on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation dedicated to protecting and revitalizing Lakota culture and sacred traditions.

South Dakota House of Representatives
The South Dakota House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Dakota Legislature. It consists of 70 members, two from each legislative district. Two of the state's 35 legislative districts, Districts 26 and 28, are each subdivided into two single-member districts (26A/26B and 28A/28B). The South Dakota House of Representatives meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
Jiangzhang railway station
Jiangzhang railway station (Chinese: 绛帐站; pinyin: Jiàngzhàng zhàn) is a railway station in Jiangzhang, Fufeng County, Baoji, Shaanxi, China. It opened in 1936 on the Longhai railway. Passenger services were suspended in 2004. In September 2022, it was announced that passenger services would be restored in early September. However, the service started later, with three trains each way introduced on 10 November 2022.

Fufeng County
Fufeng County (simplified Chinese: 扶风县; traditional Chinese: 扶風縣; pinyin: Fúfēng Xiàn) is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Baoji, in the west-central part of Shaanxi Province, China. The county lies in the fertile Guanzhong Plain on the north bank of the Wei River between Xi'an, 110 km (68 mi) to the east, and Baoji, 95 km (59 mi) to the west.
It has a land area of 751 km2 (290 sq mi), and a population of 450,000 as of 2021.

The township of Famen contains the Famen Temple and Zhouyuan Museum (in Zhaochen Village). The Zhouyuan Museum covers archeological excavations of bronzeware from the Zhou dynasty which were discovered nearby. A Zhou dynasty capital was located here during the late 11th century. Nowadays Fufeng is mostly reliant on agriculture.
Patty Grubman
Patricia M. Grubman (born February 23, 1956), also known as Patty Grubman, is an American theatrical producer and entrepreneur. She won the Tony Awards for Grand Hotel in the Best Musical category. She is the founder of The City Farm and co-founder of the Dream Street Foundation.

Theatrical producer
A theatrical producer is a person who is primarily responsible for providing or procuring financial resources for developing a theatre production. The producer oversees the managerial and financial aspects of the production such as budgeting and managing contracts with venues, personnel, and investors.
Amarillo Globe Dream House
The Amarillo Globe Dream House is a historic house in Amarillo, Texas.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 8, 1997. The house also became a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 2008.

Historic house
A historic house generally meets several criteria before being listed by an official body as "historic." Generally the building is at least a certain age, depending on the rules for the individual list.  A second factor is that the building be in recognizably the same form as when it became historic.  Third is a requirement that either an event of historical importance happened at the site, or that a person of historical significance was associated with the site, or that the building itself is important for its architecture or interior. Many historic houses are also considered museums and retain permanent collections that help tell the story of their house and the era.
Louisette Hautecoeur
Louisette Hautecoeur (French pronunciation: [lwizɛt otkɔœʁ]; 1914–2004) was a French film editor. Active from the 1930s to the 1970s, she worked on productions by directors such as René Clair, Jean Grémillon, André Berthomieu, Luis Buñuel, Georg Wilhelm Pabst and Marcel L'Herbier. She was married to fellow film editor Henri Taverna.

René Clair
René Clair (French: [ʁəne klɛʁ]; 11 November 1898 – 15 March 1981), born René-Lucien Chomette ([ʁəne lysjɛ̃ ʃɔmɛt]), was a French filmmaker and writer. He first established his reputation in the 1920s as a director of silent films in which comedy was often mingled with fantasy. He went on to make some of the most innovative early sound films in France, before going abroad to work in the UK and USA for more than a decade. Returning to France after World War II, he continued to make films that were characterised by their elegance and wit, often presenting a nostalgic view of French life in earlier years. He was elected to the Académie Française in 1960. Clair's best known films include Un chapeau de paille d'Italie (The Italian Straw Hat, 1928), Sous les toits de Paris (Under the Roofs of Paris, 1930), Le Million (1931), À nous la liberté (1931), I Married a Witch (1942), and And Then There Were None (1945).
Zabrody, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Zabrody [zaˈbrɔdɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krasocin, within Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north-west of Krasocin, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Włoszczowa, and 40 km (25 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Włoszczowa County
Włoszczowa County (Polish: powiat włoszczowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Włoszczowa, which lies 46 kilometres (29 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

The county covers an area of 906.38 square kilometres (350.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 45,137, out of which the population of Włoszczowa is 9,985, and the rural population is 35,152.
Negros Occidental's 3rd congressional district
Negros Occidental's 3rd congressional district is one of the six congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Negros Occidental. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 1916 and earlier in the Philippine Assembly from 1907 to 1916. The district consists of the cities of Silay, Talisay and Victorias, as well as the adjacent municipalities of Enrique B. Magalona and Murcia. The seat is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Javier Miguel L. Benitez of the Partido Federal ng Pilipinas (PFP).

It is one of two congressional districts that produced at least two House Speakers (the other district is Leyte's 1st): Gil Montilla and José Yulo.

20th Congress of the Philippines
The 20th Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: Ikadalawampung Kongreso ng Pilipinas), composed of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives, is the current meeting of Congress convened on July 28, 2025. The 20th Congress is the meeting during the last three years of Bongbong Marcos's presidency, and will end on June 7, 2028. The convening of the 20th Congress followed the 2025 general elections, which replaced half of the Senate membership and the entire membership of the House of Representatives.

The House of Representatives continues to meet in the Batasang Pambansa Complex. The Senate will remain meeting in the GSIS Building before transferring to the New Senate Building in Taguig by 2028.