hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turisanus
Turisanus de Turisanis was the Latin name of Pietro Torrigiano de' Torrigiani (died c. 1320), a theoretical physician from a well-known Florentine family who taught medicine in Paris, c. 1305–19, and wrote an elaborated and influential series of commentaries on Galen's Microtechni, Plusquam commentum in Microtechni Galenii and a shorter De hypostasi urine Galeni. The two commentaries, all that survives of Torrigiani's output, were printed together by Ugo Rugerius in 1489, and in several later editions, both incunabula and 16th-century printings. The work took the conventional form of the set of quaestiones disputatae familiar in Scholasticism.

He was trained in the famed medical school of Bologna as a pupil of the Florentine Taddeo Alderotti (Thaddeus Florentinus). In his old age he retired to a  Carthusian monastery, thus he is referred to a Monachus.

He was  the first medieval physician to propose an original theory about blood and its role in the human system.

Disputation
Disputation is a genre of literature involving two contenders who seek to establish a resolution to a problem or establish the superiority of something. An example of the latter is in Sumerian disputation poems.

In the scholastic system of education of the Middle Ages, disputations (in Latin: disputationes, singular: disputatio) offered a formalized  method of debate designed to uncover and establish truths in theology and in sciences. Fixed rules governed the process: they demanded dependence on traditional written authorities and the thorough understanding of each argument on each side.
Mijatović
Mijatović (Serbian Cyrillic: Мијатовић, pronounced [mîjaːtoʋitɕ, mijǎː-]) is a patronymic surname derived from the masculine given name Mijat. Notable people with this surname
include:

Aleksandar Mijatović (born 1982), Serbian footballer

Andre Mijatović (born 1979), Croatian footballer

Bojan Mijatović (born 1983), Spanish Marketing & Communications Director

Boris Mijatović (born 1974), German politician

Cvijetin Mijatović (1913–1992), Yugoslav politician

Čedomilj Mijatović 1842–1932), Serbian politician

Dario Mijatović (born 1984), Croatian footballer

Elodie Lawton Mijatović (1825–1908), British author

Jovan Mijatović (born 2005), Serbian footballer

Mario Mijatović (born 1980), Croatian footballer

Nenad Mijatović (born 1987), Montenegrin basketball player

Predrag Mijatović (born 1969), Montenegrin footballer

Rade Mijatović (born 1981), Montenegrin handball player

Žarko Mijatović (1933–2011), Croatian actor

Predrag Mijatović
Predrag Mijatović (Serbian Cyrillic: Предраг Мијатовић; born 19 January 1969) is a Montenegrin football administrator and former player who played as a striker. He currently serves as the Vice-President of FK Partizan.

At club level, Mijatović played for six clubs: Budućnost, Partizan, Valencia, Real Madrid, Fiorentina and Levante. Internationally, he played for FR Yugoslavia at the 1998 FIFA World Cup and at the UEFA Euro 2000. During his career at Real Madrid he was widely considered as one of the best strikers in the world.

Mijatović scored 28 goals in the 1995–96 La Liga season for Valencia, which prompted a move to Real Madrid, where he scored a goal in the 1998 UEFA Champions League final which ensured Madrid's first European Cup in 32 years. In 1997, Mijatović was named runner-up for the Ballon d'Or, behind Ronaldo and ahead of Zinedine Zidane. After his playing career, he served as director of football for Real Madrid from 2006 to 2009.
Unity: The Latin Tribute to Michael Jackson
Unity: The Latin Tribute to Michael Jackson, also known as Unity, is a collaborative musical project formed to create a Michael Jackson tribute album inspired by Latin music styles. The leader of the project is Peruvian-American musician Tony Succar, and vocals are provided by a number of leading artists in Latin music genres, especially salsa. Succar's aim with the project was to celebrate Jackson's music and legacy by combining it with a Latin-orchestrated sound. The stated goal is "to honor the legacy of Michael Jackson, the King of Pop. By remaining true to his artistic essence, excellence, and music we seek to unify all human beings." Upon its release, the album debuted at number one on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart.

Billboard tropical charts
The Billboard tropical charts began in 1985 when an album chart were introduced as Tropical Albums in the June 29 issue of the magazine.  In October 1994, Billboard then established Tropical Airplay, which initially rank the most-played songs played on tropical  radio stations before switching to an audience-based methodology in January 2017. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different tropical charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Tropical Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing tropical songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

According to Billboard, tropical music refers to music originating from the Spanish-speaking areas of the Caribbean, namely salsa, merengue, bachata, cumbia, and vallenato.
51 Orionis
51 Orionis is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Orion. It has the Bayer designation b Orionis, while 51 Orionis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.90. It is located approximately 299 light-years away from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +88 km/s.

This is an aging giant star with a stellar classification of K1III, having exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core and expanded to 19 times the Sun's radius. It is four billion years old with 1.11 times the mass of the Sun. The star is radiating 132 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,458 K.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
John Brown (Tasmanian politician)
John Harold Brown (2 June 1886 – 9 May 1974) was an Australian politician. He was born in Winkleigh, Tasmania. On 28 June 1948 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Labor member for Franklin in a countback following the death of Edward Brooker. He was subsequently defeated at the state election held on 21 August. Brown's term of seven weeks is the shortest of any MHA in Tasmania's history.

Division of Franklin (state)
The electoral division of Franklin is one of the five electorates in the Tasmanian House of Assembly, located in southern Tasmania and includes Bruny Island, Kingston and the eastern shore of the Derwent River. Franklin is named after Sir John Franklin, the Arctic explorer who was Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land (1837–43). The division shares its name and boundaries with the federal division of Franklin.

Franklin and the other House of Assembly electoral divisions are each represented by seven members elected under the Hare-Clark electoral system.
Vila (Melgaço)
Vila is a former civil parish in the municipality of Melgaço in the Viana do Castelo District, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Vila e Roussas. It has a population of 1274 inhabitants and a total area of 1.76 km2.

Viana do Castelo District
The Viana do Castelo District (Portuguese: Distrito de Viana do Castelo [viˈɐnɐ ðu kɐʃˈtɛlu] ⓘ) is a district located in the northwest of Portugal, bordered on the north by Spain (Galicia) and on the south by Braga District. It has an area of 2,255 km2 (871 sq mi) and a population of 252,011 (2006), for a density of 111.8 inhabitants/km2. The district capital is the city of Viana do Castelo.
Gaetano Mares
Gaetano Mares (1793–1862) was an Italian conductor. He notably conducted the world premieres of Giuseppe Verdi's Ernani (1844), Attila (opera) (1846), Rigoletto (1851) and La traviata (1853) at La Fenice in Venice.

Attila (opera)
Attila is an opera in a prologue and three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on the 1809 play Attila, König der Hunnen (Attila, King of the Huns) by Zacharias Werner. The opera received its first performance at La Fenice in Venice on 17 March 1846.

Ezio's act 2 aria of heroic resolution "È gettata la mia sorte" (My lot is cast, I am prepared for any warfare) is a fine example of a characteristic Verdian genre, and it achieved fame in its own time with audiences in the context of the adoption of a liberal constitution by Ferdinand II. Other contemporary comment praised the work as suitable for the "political education of the people", while, in contrast, others criticised the opera as "Teutonic" in nature.
Wisdom Budu Ihunwo
Wisdom Budu Ihunwo (born 27 December 1976) is the Bishop of Niger Delta North in the Anglican Province of Niger Delta in the Church of Nigeria.

He was consecrated as Bishop of Niger Delta North on 3 June 2018.

Ihunwo is a graduate of the University of Nigeria Nsukka and has a master's degree from the University of Port Harcourt.

He was Vicar of Saint Paul's Cathedral in the Anglican Diocese of Port Harcourt.

Church of Nigeria
The Church of Nigeria, officially styled the Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion), is the Anglican church in Nigeria. The church claims to be the second-largest province in the Anglican Communion, as measured by baptised membership (not by attendance), after the Church of England with 18 million members.

Since 2002 the Church of Nigeria has been organised into 14 ecclesiastical provinces. It has rapidly increased the number of its dioceses and bishops from 91 in 2002 to 161 as at January 2013 and 176 from September 2025. The administrative headquarters are located in Abuja. Archbishop Henry Ndukuba became its primate in 2020.
Fine Lakes Township, St. Louis County, Minnesota
Fine Lakes Township is a township in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 134 at the 2010 census.

State Highway 73 (MN 73) serves as a main route in the township.  Other routes include Prairie Lake Road and Hingeley Road.

The town was named after its "numerous little lakes" by its settlers.

Carlton County, Minnesota
Carlton County is a county in the State of Minnesota, formed in 1857. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,207. Its county seat is Carlton.  Part of the Fond du Lac Indian Reservation lies in northeastern Carlton County.

Carlton County is part of the Duluth, MN–WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Imad Fares
Imad Fares (Arabic: عماد فارس, Hebrew: עימאד פארס; born 1961) is an Israeli Druze and former brigadier general in the Israel Defense Force. He won acclaim as the commander of the Givati Brigade (infantry) from 2001 to 2003.

Fares was the commander of 91st Division, which is a regional division in the IDF Northern Command, responsible for the front with Lebanon, from Rosh HaNikra to Mount Hermon. On August 10, 2009, he resigned his commission and announced his retirement from service, after it was discovered he lied about the circumstances surrounding a car accident involving his wife driving his military-issued car.

91st Division (Israel)
The Israel Defense Forces 91st Division "Galilee" (Hebrew: אוגדה 91), known also as the Galilee Formation (Hebrew: עֻצְבַּת הַגָּלִיל,  Utzbat HaGalil), is a territorial division in the IDF Northern Command, responsible for the front with Lebanon, from Rosh HaNikra up to, but not including Mount Dov.  In May 2025 it resumed responsibility for this entire front, the western portion having previously been covered by the 146th Division.

Its headquarters are located at Biranit, Israel, along with a military police investigations base.
Eopululo
Eopululo is the oldest known genus of New World porcupines (Erethizontidae). It is known only from the possibly late Late Eocene to Early Oligocene (Divisaderan to Deseadan in the SALMA classification) of the Yahuarango Formation at the Santa Rosa local fauna site of Ucayali Department, eastern Peru. There is only one species in the genus, Eopululo wigmorei. It was described in 2004, and it is a member of one of the oldest rodent faunas known from South America.

South American land mammal age
The South American land mammal ages (SALMA) establish a geologic timescale for prehistoric South American fauna beginning 64.5 Ma during the Paleocene and continuing through to the Late Pleistocene (0.011 Ma). These periods are referred to as ages, stages, or intervals and were established using geographic place names where fossil materials where obtained.

The basic unit of measurement is the first/last boundary statement. This shows that the first appearance event of one taxon is known to predate the last appearance event of another. If two taxa are found in the same fossil quarry or at the same stratigraphic horizon, then their age-range zones overlap.
Doryichthys boaja
Doryichthys boaja, the long-snouted pipefish, is a species of freshwater fish of the family Syngnathidae. It is widely distributed in Southeast Asia, found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. It lives in streams and rivers, where it feeds on small crustaceans, worms and insects. It can grow to a maximum length of 41 cm, making it the largest recorded freshwater pipefish. This species is ovoviviparous, with the male carrying eggs before giving birth to live young.

Syngnathidae
The Syngnathidae is a family of fish which includes seahorses, pipefishes, and seadragons (Phycodurus and Phyllopteryx). The family name comes from Ancient Greek σύν (sún), meaning "together", and γνάθος (gnáthos), meaning "jaw", referring to the fused jaw that the entire family have in common.
EuroCup Basketball individual statistics
EuroCup Basketball individual statistics are the individual stats leaders of the European-wide 2nd-tier level league, the EuroCup. The EuroCup is the European-wide league that is one tier level below the top-tier level EuroLeague.

Lamont Jones (basketball, born 1972)
Lamont Jones (born July 3, 1972) is an American former professional basketball player who played the guard position. He played for Hapoel Gilboa/Afula in 2007–08, leading the Israeli Basketball Premier League in assists.
Genevieve McDonald
Genevieve Kurilec McDonald (born 1982) is an American Democratic politician, lobster boat captain, and fisheries advocate from Maine. In 2018, she was the first female commercial fisherman to be elected to the Maine House of Representatives. McDonald represented House District #134: Cranberry Isles, Deer Isle, Frenchboro, Isle au Haut, North Haven, Southwest Harbor, Stonington, Swan's Island, Tremont, Vinalhaven, and Marshall Island. In 2013, she successfully led a social media campaign to prompt fishing gear producer Grundéns to produce commercial fishing gear for women. In June 2014, McDonald became the first woman to serve on the Maine Department of Marine Resources Lobster Advisory Council (LAC). McDonald resigned her House seat effective on May 10, 2022, the day after the last Legislative Day of the Second (and final) Regular Session of the 130th Maine Legislature.

Southwest Harbor, Maine
Southwest Harbor is a town in Hancock County, Maine, United States. Located on Mount Desert Island, the population was 1,756 at the 2020 census. The municipality contains within it the villages of Southwest Harbor, Manset, Seawall, Wonderland, and Pemetic Hills.
Edward Martin (rugby league)
Edward Thomas Martin (1912 – 1 April 1937) was an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s.

Younger brother of Bernie Martin, 'Eddy' or 'Ted' Martin was graded at St. George Dragons from the Arncliffe Scots junior league. In 1934 and 1935 he played in Wollongong, New South Wales when he was sent there in his work with the N.S.W. Police Department.

Martin played three first grade games with the Saints in 1933, often with his brother Bernie in the same team. He was killed in a motor vehicle accident whilst visiting his family at the Arncliffe, New South Wales home on 1 April 1937. His motorbike was in a collision with a cart and his body was pierced by a shaft connected to the cart, causing him to bleed to death before he could get hospital assistance.

Arncliffe, New South Wales
Arncliffe is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Arncliffe is located 11 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Bayside Council.

Arncliffe is south of the Cooks River and Wolli Creek, close to Sydney Airport. Arncliffe is a mostly residential area featuring low-density detached and semi-detached houses and some medium density town houses and blocks of flats. There are also some areas of commercial and light industrial developments.
Hoveyda
Hoveyda is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amir-Abbas Hoveyda (1920–1979), Prime Minister of Iran

Amir H. Hoveyda (fl. from 1986), American chemist

Fereydoon Hoveyda (1924–2006), Iranian diplomat and writer

Amir-Abbas Hoveyda
Amir-Abbas Hoveyda (Persian: امیرعباس هویدا, romanized: Amīr 'Abbās Hoveyda; 18 February 1919 – 7 April 1979) was an Iranian economist and politician who served as Prime Minister of Iran from 27 January 1965 to 7 August 1977. He was the longest-serving prime minister in Iran's history. He also served as deputy prime minister and minister of finance in Mansur's cabinet. After the Iranian Revolution, he was tried by the newly established Revolutionary Court for "waging war against God" and spreading corruption on earth (Mofsed-e-filarz) and executed.
Ana Dias Lourenço
Ana Afonso Dias Lourenço, GCIH (born 13 April 1957) is an Angolan economist, politician and former government minister. She has served as the First Lady of Angola since September 2017 as the wife of President João Lourenço.

Agostinho Neto University
The Agostinho Neto University (Portuguese: Universidade Agostinho Neto) is the largest public university of Angola, based in Luanda and in the nearby city of Talatona, in Angola. In the academic year 2005–06, 68 licensing courses were ministered by the university: 18 in Bachelor's and 15 in master's degrees, involving areas of scientific knowledge in the faculties, institutes, and higher learning schools. It is one of seven public (state owned) universities in Angola.  Until 2009 the Agostinho Neto University was the country's only public university, and had campuses in all its major cities. In 2009 it was split up, with its campuses outside Luanda becoming six autonomous universities, located in Benguela, Cabinda, Huambo, Lubango, Malange, and Uíge. Agostinho Neto University is now one of the seven regional university among others, serving Luanda Province and Bengo Province. It remains the largest university in Angola.
Old Lady 31
Old Lady 31 is a 1920 American silent comedy-drama film produced and distributed by Metro Pictures and directed by John Ince. It is based on a novel by Louise Forsslund that was turned into a play by Rachel Crothers. The film starred actress Emma Dunn reprising her 1916 stage success for the screen. The film was remade in 1940 as The Captain Is a Lady.

John Ince (actor)
John Edward Ince (August 29, 1878 – April 10, 1947), also credited as John E. Ince, was an American actor of stage and motion pictures, and a film director. He was the elder brother of Thomas H. Ince, and Ralph Ince.
Eva Zeller
Eva Zeller (25 January 1923 – 5 September 2022) was a German poet and novelist.

Zeller was born in Eberswalde, Province of Brandenburg on 25 January 1923. She lived in the former East Germany until 1956, then lived for six years in Namibia, before returning to Germany.

Zeller was also credited as one of the authors of the text on the 1970 experimental music album, Klopfzeichen, by the Berlin-based trio Kluster. She died on 5 September 2022, at the age of 99.

Province of Brandenburg
The Province of Brandenburg (German: Provinz Brandenburg) was a province of Prussia from 1815 to 1947. Brandenburg was established in 1815 from the Kingdom of Prussia's core territory, comprised the bulk of the historic Margraviate of Brandenburg (excluding Altmark) and the Lower Lusatia region, and became part of the German Empire in 1871. From 1918, Brandenburg was a province of the Free State of Prussia until Prussia was dissolved in 1945 after World War II, and replaced with reduced territory as the State of Brandenburg in East Germany, which was later dissolved in 1952. Following the reunification of Germany in 1990, Brandenburg was re-established as a federal state of Germany, becoming one of the new states.

Brandenburg's provincial capital alternated between Potsdam, Berlin, and Charlottenburg during its existence.
Ahmadabad, Qom
Ahmadabad (Persian: احمداباد, also Romanized as Aḩmadābād) is a village in Dastjerd Rural District, Khalajestan District, Qom County, Qom Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 78, in 30 families.

Qom province
Qom Province (Persian: استان قم) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran with 11,237 km², covering 0.89% of the total area of the country. Its capital is the city of Qom.

The province is in the central part of the country and was formed from part of Tehran province in 1995. The province was designated as part of Region 1 following the division of Iranian provinces into 5 regions which took place on June 22, 2014, for the purposes of coordination and development.
2007 Orange Prokom Open
The 2007 Orange Prokom Open was the tenth edition of this men's tennis tournament and was played on outdoor clay courts. The tournament was part of the International Series of the 2007 ATP Tour. It took place in Sopot, Poland from 30 July through 6 August 2007. Tommy Robredo won the singles title.

2007 ATP Tour
The 2007 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2007 tennis season. The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals. The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Tennis Masters Cup, the ATP Masters Series, the International Series Gold and the International Series tournaments.
Armstrong High School (Virginia)
Armstrong High School, part of the Richmond Public Schools, is a high school located in Richmond, Virginia, United States, with grades 9–12. The school was founded in 1867 as the Richmond Normal and High School by the Freedmen's Bureau and was eventually incorporated into the Richmond school system in 1876. The school's namesake is former Union General Samuel Chapman Armstrong, a white commander of a U.S. Colored Troops (USCT) regiment during the American Civil War. General Armstrong later founded Hampton Institute, a historically black college now known as Hampton University in Hampton, Virginia. Armstrong was a mentor of  Booker T. Washington.

Namesake
A namesake is a person, place, or thing bearing the name of another. Most commonly, it refers to an individual who is purposely named after another (e.g. John F. Kennedy Jr would be the namesake of John F. Kennedy). In common parlance, it may mean vice-versa (i.e. referring to the entity for which the second entity is named); in such a case, however, the proper term would be "eponym."