hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vazov
Vazov is a Bulgarian surname. It can refer to:

Georgi Vazov, a Bulgarian Lieutenant General and Minister of War

Ivan Vazov, a Bulgarian poet, novelist and playwright

Vladimir Vazov, a Bulgarian Lieutenant General

Vazov Rock, a rocky peak in the South Shetland Islands

Vazov Point, a point on the coast of Bransfield Strait, South Shetland Islands

Ivan Vazov National Theatre, Bulgaria's national theater

Ivan Vazov National Library, a library situated in the Bulgarian city of Plovdiv

Ivan Vazov Library, Botevgrad, a library contemporary educational institution

Ivan Vazov National Library
42°8′22″N 24°44′46″E﻿ / ﻿42.13944°N 24.74611°E﻿ / 42.13944; 24.74611

The Ivan Vazov National Library (Bulgarian: Народна библиотека "Иван Вазов", romanized: Narodna biblioteka "Ivan Vasov") is a library situated in Bulgaria's second largest city, Plovdiv. It is named after the famous Bulgarian writer and poet Ivan Vazov.

It is the nation's second largest library containing more than 1,500,000 books. The library is also Bulgaria's second oldest, founded in 1879. In 1974 it was moved to a new edifice to the south of the City Garden. The library boasts 134 employees including 90 high-qualified specialists and research scholars.
Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Stamford
The Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Stamford is a Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory or eparchy of the Catholic Church in New York State and New England in the United States. The episcopal see is Stamford, Connecticut, where the cathedra is found in St. Volodymyr Cathedral. The diocese publishes The Sower, a monthly newsletter with articles written in both English and Ukrainian, from its offices in Stamford.

The Eparchy of Stamford is a suffragan eparchy in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archeparchy of Philadelphia.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
CXorf38 Isoform 1
Chromosome X Open Reading Frame 38 (CXorf38) is a protein which, in humans, is encoded by the CXorf38 gene. CXorf38 appears in multiple studies regarding the escape of X chromosome inactivation (see Clinical Significance).

MED14
Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 14 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MED14 gene.

The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. This protein contains a bipartite nuclear localization signal. This gene is known to escape chromosome X-inactivation.
Harry Flemming
Harry Flemming (1933 – 16 February 2008) was a Nova Scotian journalist focused on politics.  He was also an unsuccessful candidate for the Liberal Party of Canada in the 1968 Canadian federal election.

Born in Boston, Flemming was raised in Truro and went on to graduate from Mount Allison University and Dalhousie Law School.  Involved in politics throughout his life, he tried his hand at politics directly for the first time at age 34 by running for Parliament for the Liberals in the strongly Conservative riding of Cumberland-Colchester North, losing to Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidate Robert Coates 18,446 votes to 10,139.

Flemming was a well-known journalistic political commentator, for years with the former Halifax Daily News and on television for Canadian Broadcasting Corporation on CBHT's supper hour news show First Edition (with Parker Barss Donham) between 1986 and 1995.

Flemming died on February 16, 2008, of complications from cancer and pneumonia.

Mount Allison University
Mount Allison University (also Mount A or MtA) is a public primarily undergraduate liberal arts university located in Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, founded in 1839.

Mount Allison was the first university in the British Empire to award a baccalaureate to a woman (Grace Annie Lockhart, B.Sc., 1875). It was also the first university in Canada to grant a bachelor of arts to a woman (Harriet Starr Stewart in 1882).

Graduates of Mount Allison have been awarded a total of 57 Rhodes Scholarships, the highest per capita of any university in the British Commonwealth.

It is ranked the top undergraduate university in Canada for a record 26th time, by Maclean's 2026 Annual University Ranking.
DeVante Swing
Donald Earle DeGrate Jr. (born September 29, 1969), better known by his stage name DeVanté Swing, is an American record producer, singer, songwriter and rapper. He is best known as the main songwriter and producer of the R&B group Jodeci, which includes his younger brother Dalvin “Mr. Dalvin” DeGrate. DeVante Swing also created Swing Mob, which consisted of various artists he discovered and mentored, such as Missy Elliott, Timbaland, Magoo, Ginuwine, Static Major with Playa, Darryl Pearson, Tweet, Jimmy Douglass, Stevie J, and Chad "Dr. Ceuss" Elliott among others.

Jimmy Douglass
Jimmy Douglass, also known as "The Senator", is an American recording engineer and record producer. Active since 1970, he has been credited on singles and albums for fellow Virginia-based acts including Missy Elliott and Timbaland.
GiFT
giFT Internet File Transfer (giFT) is a computer software daemon that allows several file sharing protocols to be used with a simple client having a graphical user interface (GUI). The client dynamically loads plugins implementing the protocols, as they are required.

Daemon (computing)
In computing, a daemon is a program that runs as a background process, rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user. Customary convention is to name a daemon process with the letter d as a suffix to indicate that it's a daemon. For example, syslogd is a daemon that implements system logging facility, and sshd is a daemon that serves incoming SSH connections.

Even though the concept can apply to many computing systems, the term daemon is used almost exclusively in the context of Unix-based systems. In other contexts, different terms are used for the same concept.

Systems often start daemons at boot time that will respond to network requests, hardware activity, or other programs by performing some task. Daemons such as cron may also perform defined tasks at scheduled times.
Pisogne
Pisogne (Camunian: Pidhógne) is a comune of 8156 inhabitants in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy, Italy. It is located about 30 kilometers (19 mi) northwest of Brescia,  51 kilometers (32 miles) northeast of Bergamo, and 97 kilometers (60 miles) northeast of Milan.

Today, Pisogne is a tourist destination, known for its historic center, its lakeside location, and its proximity to the Val Camonica. The town is home to a number of historical landmarks, including the Church of Santa Maria Assunta, the Torre del Vescovo (Bishop's Tower), and the Roman Bridge. Pisogne is also a starting point for hiking and biking trails in the Val Camonica. The town is home to a number of frescoes dating from the 14th to the 16th centuries. The town's annual festival, the Festa del Perdono, is held in July. Pisogne is also a destination for windsurfing and kitesurfing.

Eastern Lombard dialects
Eastern Lombard is a group of closely related variants of Lombard, a Gallo-Italic language
 spoken in Lombardy, mainly in the provinces of Bergamo, Brescia and Mantua, in the area around Cremona and in parts of Trentino. Its main variants are Bergamasque and Brescian.

In Italian-speaking contexts, Eastern Lombard is often called as dialetti (lit. 'dialects'), understood to mean not a variety of Italian, but a local language that is part of the Romance languages dialect continuum that pre-dates the establishment of Tuscan-based Italian.

Eastern Lombard and Italian have only limited mutual intelligibility, like many other Romance languages spoken in Italy.

Eastern Lombard does not have any official status either in Lombardy or anywhere else: the only official language in Lombardy is Italian.
Marjorie Bruce
Marjorie Bruce or Marjorie de Brus (c. 1296 – 1316 or 1317) was the eldest daughter of Robert the Bruce, King of Scots, and the only child born of his first marriage with Isabella of Mar.

Marjorie's marriage to Walter, High Steward of Scotland, gave rise to the House of Stewart. Her son was the first Stewart monarch, King Robert II of Scotland.

Watton, East Riding of Yorkshire
Watton is a village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.  The village is situated on the A164 road, about 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Beverley and 6 miles (9.7 km) south of Driffield.

According to the 2011 UK census the civil parish of Watton had a population of 259, an increase on the 2001 UK census figure of 238.
In de mix
In de mix is a Flemish television series launched in 2012 and hosted by Moroccan-Belgian R&B singer Brahim Attaeb known as Brahim. The program brings in two artists from pop and hip hop traditions, in an attempt to make via remakes and covers of well-known earlier hits, new crossover hits that fusions between various genres of music. The inaugural season of the program was broadcast on Eén Belgian Flemish station. It is an adaptation of original series of shows done on Dutch television station TROS and hosted by fellow Moroccan-Dutch artist Ali B and entitled Ali B op volle toeren. There is also a German adaptation on VOX called "Cover My Song" and hosted by Dennis Lisk.

VOX (German TV channel)
Vox is a German free-to-air television channel launched on 25 January 1993 and owned by RTL Group. The channel mainly broadcasts documentaries and American TV shows and movies.

An integral part of the night program is the series Medical Detectives / Forensic Files, which regularly gets very high ratings, sometimes up to 20%, which is rather unusual for the broadcaster.
Tang Honggao
Tang Honggao (Chinese: 汤洪高; born 7 September 1939) is a Chinese crystallographer and university administrator who served  as president of the University of Science and Technology of China from 1993 to 1998. He also  served two separate terms as party secretary of the university, from 1990 to 1993 and from 1998 to 2003.

Tang was a representative of the 13th, 14th, 15th, and 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was an alternate member of the 14th and 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
The 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Beijing between September 12 and 18, 1997. It was preceded by the 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and was followed by the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. 2,048 delegates and 60 specially invited delegates represented the party's estimated 59 million members.

The congress elected a 344-member 15th CCP Central Committee, as well as a 115-member Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI). This change in membership made the new average age of the CCP 55 and percentage of members holding university or college level education 92.4%. Jiang Zemin was reappointed CCP General Secretary and Chairman of the Central Military Commission.
Shehan Jayasuriya
Gampalage Shehan Naveendra De Fonseka Gunawarna Jayasuriya, or commonly Shehan Jayasuriya (Sinhala: ශෙහාන් ජයසූරිය; born September 12, 1991), is a Sri Lankan-born international cricketer who plays for the United States national cricket team as a batting all-rounder. He is a quick-scoring left-handed batsman and a right-arm off-break bowler.

Shehan previously represented the Sri Lanka national cricket team between 2015 to 2020 and was a member of the Sri Lankan team that won the gold medal at the 2014 Asian Games.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Committee for a Free Lithuania
Committee for a Free Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos laisvės komitetas) was a political advocacy group of Lithuanian Americans established in 1951. Established on the initiative of the National Committee for a Free Europe and a member of the Assembly of Captive European Nations, the Committee for a Free Lithuania continued to protest the Soviet occupation of Lithuania, advocate for the continued recognition of the state continuity of the Baltic states, and promote the ultimate goal of independent Lithuania. It was funded by the United States and was a part of the larger ideological and propaganda effort directed against the Soviet Union. It was chaired by Vaclovas Sidzikauskas until his death in 1973. After his death and loss of funding, the committee diminished. It became somewhat more active again in the 1980s and was officially closed when Lithuania declared independence in March 1990.

Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1944)
The Soviet Union (USSR) occupied most of the territory of the Baltic states in its 1944 Baltic Offensive during World War II. The Red Army regained control over the three Baltic capitals and encircled retreating Wehrmacht and Latvian forces in the Courland Pocket, where they held out until the final German surrender at the end of the war.
4 Persei
4 Persei is a single star in the northern constellation of Perseus, located around 670 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, blue-white hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.04 The Bayer designation for this star is g Persei; 4 Persei is the Flamsteed designation. This object has a peculiar velocity of 26.3 km/s and may be a runaway star.

The stellar classification for 4 Persei is B8 III, matching an aging B-type giant star that has evolved off the main sequence. It is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 60 km/s and has about 3.2 times the Sun's radius The star is radiating 670 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 12,230 K. 4 Persei is embedded in a small, relatively dense dust cloud, which is resulting in infrared emission from the cold dust.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
BOP reagent
BOP (benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate) is a reagent commonly used for the synthesis of amides from carboxylic acids and amines in peptide synthesis. It can be prepared from 1-hydroxybenzotriazole and a chlorophosphonium reagent under basic conditions. This reagent has advantages in peptide synthesis since it avoids side reactions like the dehydration of asparagine or glutamine residues. BOP has used for the synthesis of esters from the carboxylic acids and alcohols. BOP has also been used in the reduction of carboxylic acids to primary alcohols with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Its use raises safety concerns since the carcinogenic compound HMPA is produced as a stoichiometric by-product.

Asparagine
Asparagine (symbol Asn or N) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form under biological conditions), and a side chain carboxamide, classifying it as a polar (at physiological pH), aliphatic amino acid. It is non-essential in humans, meaning the body can synthesize it. It is encoded by the codons AAU and AAC.

The one-letter symbol N for asparagine was assigned arbitrarily, with the proposed mnemonic asparagiNe;
Yelena Suyazova
Yelena Suyazova (Russian: Елена Суязова; born 15 June 1989) is a handball player from Kazakhstan. She has played on the Kazakhstan women's national handball team, and participated at the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Brazil.

Kazakhstan women's national handball team
The Kazakhstan women's national handball team is the national handball team of Kazakhstan and takes part in international handball competitions.

The team's first world championship was at the 2007 World Women's Handball Championship in France, where they finished 18th. They also participated in the 2009 World Women's Handball Championship in China, finishing 22nd. At the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Brazil they finished 19th.

They won the title at the 2002 and 2010 Asian Women's Handball Championship.
Masashi Adachi
Masashi Adachi (阿達 雅志 Adachi Masashi, b. September 27, 1959) is a Japanese politician who serves as a member of the House of Councillors and as a State Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications.

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (総務省, Sōmu-shō; lit. 'Ministry of General Affairs'; MIC) is a cabinet-level ministry in the Government of Japan. Its English name was Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications (MPHPT) prior to 2004. It is housed in the 2nd Building of the Central Common Government Office at 2-1-2 Kasumigaseki in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.

The Ministry oversees the Japanese administrative system, manages local governments, elections, telecommunication, post, and governmental statistics.

The Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications (総務大臣, Sōmu Daijin) is appointed from among the members of the cabinet.
Du Noüy ring method
In surface science, the du Noüy ring method is a technique for measuring the surface tension of a liquid. This technique was proposed by Pierre Lecomte du Noüy in 1925. The measurement is performed with a force tensiometer, which typically uses an electrobalance to measure the excess force caused by the liquid being pulled up and automatically calculates and displays the surface tension corresponding to the force. Earlier, torsion wire balances were commonly used.

Tensiometer (surface tension)
In surface science, a tensiometer is a measuring instrument used to measure the surface tension (γ) of liquids or surfaces. Tensiometers are used in research and development laboratories to determine the surface tension of liquids like coatings, lacquers or adhesives. A further application field of tensiometers is the monitoring of industrial production processes like parts cleaning or electroplating.
William Herring
William Herring (1718 – 1774) was an Anglican priest, most notably Dean of St Asaph from 1751 until 1774.

William was born in Norwich, and educated at Norwich School and Clare College, Cambridge. He held livings at Alburgh, Edgefield and Bolton Percy. At a time when plurality (holding multiple church jobs) was common, he was also a prebendary of York from 1744; and Precentor of Salisbury from 1754.

He was buried in Bolton Percy, Yorkshire, England, where he had been Rector since 1747, on 25 May 1774.

Prebendary
A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church.  When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir stalls, known as prebendal stalls.
Giles Jones
Giles Jones was a Virginia planter who claimed land along the Pagan River before 1618. During this period, the river and the county were named Warraskoyak, one of two original shires named after the natives who resided there along the river.

Jones Creek, a tidal stream located in Rescue, Virginia, is named after him.

Ancient planter
"Ancient planter" (sometimes called ancient colony men) was a term applied to early colonists who migrated to the Colony of Virginia when the settlement was managed privately by the Virginia Company of London. A colonist received a land grant if they remained in Virginia for at least three years. Under the terms of the "Instructions to Governor Yeardley" (issued in 1618), these colonists received the first land grants in the New World.
Theropsodon
Theropsodon is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts from the Middle Triassic of Tanzania. Fossils have been found from the Manda Formation. A single holotype skull of the type species T. njaliliris was named by German paleontologist Friedrich von Huene in 1950.

Cynodontia
Cynodontia (from Ancient Greek  κύων (kúōn) 'dog' and  ὀδούς (odoús) 'tooth') is a clade of eutheriodont therapsids that first appeared in the Late Permian (approximately 260 mya), and extensively diversified after the Permian–Triassic extinction event. Mammals are cynodonts, as are their extinct ancestors and close relatives (Mammaliaformes), having evolved from advanced probainognathian cynodonts during the Late Triassic.

Non-mammalian cynodonts occupied a variety of ecological niches, both as carnivores and as herbivores. Following the emergence of mammals, most other cynodont lines went extinct, with the last known non-mammaliaform cynodont group, the Tritylodontidae, having its youngest records in the Early Cretaceous.
Dębowiec Wielki
Dębowiec Wielki (Polish pronunciation: [dɛmˈbɔvjɛts ˈfjɛlkʲi]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Strzelce Wielkie, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Strzelce Wielkie, 15 km (9 mi) east of Pajęczno, and 72 km (45 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Pajęczno
Pajęczno [paˈjɛnt͡ʂnɔ] is a town in Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Pajęczno County. It lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) north of Częstochowa. Its population is 6,651 (2020). It is located in the Sieradz Land.