hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Auguste Cuénod
Auguste Cuénod (15 June 1868, in Saint-Legier-sur-Vevey – 8 February 1954, in Hammamet) was a Swiss ophthalmologist, known for his work in the fight against trachoma.

He studied medicine in Lausanne and Paris, receiving his doctorate in 1894. Afterwards, he relocated to Tunis, where he subsequently established an eye clinic. In Tunis, he worked closely with Charles Nicolle at the Pasteur Institute.

In 1923, with Nicolle and Victor Morax, he founded the Ligue internationale contre le trachome (International League against Trachoma). He was also a founding member and president of the Société tunisienne des sciences médicales (Tunisian Society of Medical Sciences).

Hammamet, Tunisia
Hammamet (Arabic: حمامات Ḥammāmātⓘ, literally "Baths") is a town in the Nabeul Governorate of Tunisia. Due to its beaches, it is a popular destination for swimming and water sports and is one of the primary tourist destinations in Tunisia. It is located in the south-eastern section of Cape Bon.

The reported number of inhabitants varies from 100,000 to 400,000 and the population quadruples due to tourists' arrival in the summer.

It is particularly known for jasmine, which is the namesake of the tourist resort of Yasmine Hammamet. All over Hammamet, souvenirs crafted from jasmine can be found.

Around Hammamet, suburbs are being built as migrants from the southern region of the country come to find employment. As a popular tourist destination, the city is economically important to Tunisia.

The 2005 World Scout Conference was held in Hammamet.
Pohjaslahti
Pohjaslahti is a village and former municipality of Finland at the time of its existence in the Häme Province, now in the Pirkanmaa region. It was divided between Vilppula and Virrat in 1973. Pohjaslahti was the last rural municipality to be created in Finland, which happened in 1941.

It bordered Vilppula, Ruovesi, Virrat and Keuruu. It also bordered Pihlajavesi until 1969, when it was merged into Keuruu.

Pirkanmaa
Pirkanmaa (Finnish: [ˈpirkɑmˌmɑː]; Swedish: Birkaland; Latin: Birkaria), also known as Tampere Region in government documents, is a region of Finland. It borders the regions of Satakunta, South Ostrobothnia, Central Finland, Päijät-Häme, Kanta-Häme and Southwest Finland. Most of the water area in the Kokemäki River watershed is located in the Pirkanmaa region, although Lake Vanajavesi is partly in the Kanta-Häme region. The region got its name from Pirkkala, which in the Middle Ages comprised most of present-day Pirkanmaa. Tampere is the regional center and capital of Pirkanmaa, and at the same time the largest city in the region.

The total population of Pirkanmaa was 529,100 on 30 June 2022, which makes it the second largest among Finland's regions after Uusimaa. The population density is well over twice the Finnish average, and most of its population is largely concentrated in the Tampere metropolitan area.
Roemeria refracta
Roemeria refracta, the spotted Asia-poppy, is an annual, hairy herbaceous plant of the genus Roemeria and the family Papaveraceae. The plant is 4 to 50 cm tall. The petals are red with a black spot at the base. Sometimes there is a white border around the black spot. Also, in a variety of this plant (Roemeria refracta var. alba), the petals are white.
The fruit is a narrow, dehiscent capsule 2 to 8 cm long. 
Geographical distribution: Turkey, Iran, Caucasus,
Transcaucasus, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.
Tel Shush
Tel Shush (Hebrew: תל שוש) or Tell Abu Shusha (Arabic: تل أبو شوشة) is a tell located next to Kibbutz Mishmar HaEmek on the eastern slopes of the Menashe Heights, overlooking the Jezreel Valley. The tell's area is about 40 dunams and it rises to a height of 50 meters from its foot. The site was identified with Geva, mentioned in the list of cities conquered by Thutmose III; Geva‘ of the Horsemen (Geva' Parashim in Hebrew), mentioned by Josephus in  The Jewish War 3.3.1); and Gaba Philippi from Roman times. The site contains remains of human settlement from the Bronze Age, Iron Age, Persian, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Early Arab, Crusader, Mamluk and Ottoman periods.

In recent years, the site is being excavated by the Jezreel Valley Regional Project.

Manasseh Hills
The Manasseh Hills or hill country of Manasseh, directly derived from Hebrew: Menashe Heights (Hebrew: רָמוֹת מְנַשֶּׁה, romanized: Ramot Menashe, lit. 'Manasseh Heights'), called Bilad ar-Ruha in Arabic, meaning "Land of Winds", is a geographical region in northern Israel, located on the Carmel Range, between Mount Carmel and Mount Amir/Umm al-Fahm.
Dehradun Jan Shatabdi Express
The 12055/12056 Dehradun–New Delhi Jan Shatabdi Express is an Express belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Dehradun & New Delhi in India. It is a daily service. It operates as train number 12056 from Dehradun to New Delhi and as train number 12055 in the reverse direction.

Dehradun railway station
Dehradun Terminal railway station is a railway station in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, on the Northern line of the Northern Railway network. It is owned by Indian Railways.

It was established in 1899 by the British.

The station is the Inter State Bus Terminal (ISBT), which is 4+1⁄2 kilometres (2+3⁄4 mi) from the bus stand and the main taxi stand.

The nearest airport to the station is the Jolly Grant Airport, about 24 kilometres (15 mi) from the station.

It is the last station on the Northern railway line in the area.
National Executive Board of Scouting America
The National Executive Board is the governing body of Scouting America. The role of the board is outlined in the organization’s congressional charter. There are currently 45 board members.

The board is led by the National Chair, an elected volunteer. Organization bylaws permit between 40 and 48 members which includes regular elected members, regional presidents, and up to five appointed youth members. The Chief Scout Executive is the board secretary and non-voting member.  The National Executive Board has a number of standing committees that correspond to the professional staff of the National Council.

Randall L. Stephenson
Randall Lynn Stephenson (born April 22, 1960) is a retired American telecommunications executive. He served as chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of AT&T Inc. from 2007 to 2020. He was national president of Scouting America from 2016 to 2018.
Cnephasia incertana
Cnephasia incertana, the light grey tortrix, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found all over Europe.

The wingspan is 14–18 mm.

Adults are on wing from June to July.

The larvae feed on a wide range of herbaceous plants such as Sison amomum, Plantago, and Rumex.

Rumex
The docks and sorrels, genus Rumex, are a genus of about 200 species of annual, biennial, and perennial herbs in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae. Members of this genus are common perennial herbs with a worldwide native distribution in temperate and subtropical climates.

Some are nuisance weeds (and are sometimes called dockweed or dock weed), but some are grown for their edible leaves. Rumex species are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species, and are the only host plants of the butterflies Lycaena dispar and Lycaena rubidus.
Isla Mocha National Reserve
Isla Mocha National Reserve is a national reserve of Chile. It occupies the central portion of Mocha Island. It is located in Tirúa, Arauco Province, Bío Bío Region, Chile.

The reserve provides habitat for the pudú and for a variety of birds, including the pink-footed shearwater. Typical vegetation includes Olivillo, Chilean Myrtle, Valdivia's Patagua, Chilean Laurel, Tepa and Winter's Bark.

Tirúa
Tirúa (Spanish pronunciation: [tiˈɾu.a]) is a Chilean commune and town in Arauco Province, Biobío Region. The 2010 Chile earthquake led to a permanent uplift of Tirúa of about 180 cm above sea level, the highest recorded uplift related to the earthquake. This caused a large islet to form at the mouth of Tirúa River next to the town. The Misión Jesuita Mapuche is based in Tirúa.
Tom Blundell
Sir Thomas Leon Blundell, FRS FRSC FMedSci MAE (born 7 July 1942) is a British biochemist, structural biologist, and science administrator. He was a member of the team of Dorothy Hodgkin that solved in 1969 the first structure of a protein hormone, insulin.  Blundell has made contributions to the structural biology of polypeptide hormones, growth factors, receptor activation, signal transduction, and DNA double-strand break repair, subjects important in cancer, tuberculosis, and familial diseases.  He has developed software for protein modelling and understanding the effects of mutations on protein function, leading to new approaches to structure-guided and Fragment-based lead discovery. In 1999 he co-founded the oncology company Astex Therapeutics, which has moved ten drugs into clinical trials. Blundell has played central roles in restructuring British research councils and, as President of the UK Science Council, in developing professionalism in the practice of science.

Member of the Academia Europaea
Membership of the Academia Europaea (MAE) is an award conferred by the Academia Europaea to individuals that have demonstrated "sustained academic excellence". Membership is by invitation only by existing MAE and judged during a peer review selection process. Members are entitled to use the post-nominal letters MAE.
Will Duckworth
Will Duckworth (born 20 January 1954) is a former British politician who served as Deputy Leader of the Green Party of England and Wales from 2012 to 2014. He was the first Green Party councillor in the Black Country after serving on the Dudley Borough Council in the West Midlands from 2012 to 2015.

He was elected as the party's second ever deputy leader on 3 September 2012 taking over from Adrian Ramsay. In September 2014, he lost the deputy leadership election with Amelia Womack and Shahrar Ali both becoming his successors. He was also the West Midlands regional Green Party first choice candidate on the list for the 2014 European Parliament election.

Black Country
The Black Country is a loosely defined area of England's West Midlands. It is mainly urban, covering most of the Dudley and Sandwell metropolitan boroughs, with the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall and the City of Wolverhampton. The 14-mile (23 km) road between Wolverhampton and Birmingham was described as "one continuous town" in 1785.

The area was one of the Industrial Revolution's birthplaces. Its name was first recorded in the 1840s, and derives either from the 30 foot (9.1 m) thick coal seam close to the surface or the production of coal, coke, iron, glass, bricks and steel which produced high levels of soot and air pollution.
Prescott and Eastern Railroad
The Prescott and Eastern Railroad (P&E) was a non-operating subsidiary of the Santa Fe, Prescott and Phoenix Railway (SFP&P) in Arizona. The 26.4 mile (42.5 km) common carrier railroad was built to serve the mines in the region.  The railroad built from a connection with the SFP&P at Entro and extended south to Poland Junction and terminated at Mayer.  At Poland Junction and Mayer the P&E connected with the Bradshaw Mountain Railroad, also a non-operating subsidiary of the SFP&P.  After various mergers the P&E was merged into the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway.  The line was later abandoned by the Santa Fe Railway. The first four miles of the line are now the Iron King Trail to Prescott Valley, Arizona.

Prescott Valley, Arizona
Prescott Valley is a town located in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States, approximately 8 miles (13 km) east of Prescott. According to the 2020 United States census, Prescott Valley has a population of 46,785 residents.
Operation Orange
Operation Orange was a planned Cuban air interdiction campaign to be carried out against the South African Air Force (SAAF) during the South African Border War. It was originally scheduled for July 1986, but was postponed until September 1986, when it was finally cancelled. The purpose of Operation Orange was to cripple the SAAF's ability to conduct combat operations over Angola by attacking one or all three of its primary bases in northern South West Africa (Namibia) with Kh-23 Grom missiles and unguided bombs.

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 (Russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-23; NATO reporting name: Flogger) is a single-engined, supersonic, variable-geometry fighter aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich design bureau in the Soviet Union. It is a third-generation jet fighter, alongside similar Soviet aircraft such as the Su-17 "Fitter". It was the first Soviet fighter to field a look-down/shoot-down radar, the RP-23 Sapfir, and one of the first to be armed with beyond-visual-range missiles. Production started in 1969 and reached large numbers with over 5,000 aircraft built, making it the most produced variable-sweep wing aircraft in history. The MiG-23 remains in limited service with some export customers.

The basic design was also used as the basis for the Mikoyan MiG-27, a dedicated ground-attack variant. Among many minor changes, the MiG-27 replaced the MiG-23's nose-mounted radar system with an optical panel holding a laser designator and a TV camera.
2012 CAA men's basketball tournament
The 2012 Colonial Athletic Association men's basketball tournament was held March 2–5 at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond, VA to crown a champion of the Colonial Athletic Association. The tournament winner, Virginia Commonwealth University, received an automatic bid to the 2012 NCAA tournament

Richmond Coliseum
Richmond Coliseum is a defunct arena located in downtown Richmond, Virginia, with a capacity of 13,500 that was most often used for various large concerts. The arena opened in 1971 and the region is looking to replace the aging facility with a larger one. The arena was quietly shuttered in February 2019 while new proposed replacements are in development.
Horní Smržov
Horní Smržov is a municipality and village in Blansko District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Horní Smržov lies approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) north of Blansko, 47 km (29 mi) north of Brno, and 164 km (102 mi) east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Ararat rebellion
The Ararat rebellion, also known as the Ağrı rebellion (Turkish: Ağrı ayaklanmaları or Ağrı isyanı), was a 1930 uprising by the Kurds of Ağrı Province, in eastern Turkey, against the Turkish government. The leader of the guerrilla forces during the rebellion was Ihsan Nuri of the Jibran branch of the Jalali tribe.

Van, Turkey
Van is a city in eastern Turkey's Van Province, on the eastern shore of Lake Van. It is the capital and largest city of Van Province.

Van has a long history as a major urban area. It has been a large city since the first millennium BCE, initially as Tushpa, the capital of the kingdom of Urartu from the 9th century BCE to the 6th century BCE, and later as the center of the Armenian kingdom of Vaspurakan. Turkic presence in Van and in the rest of Anatolia started as a result of Seljuk victory at the Battle of Malazgirt (1071) against the Byzantine Empire.

Van was densely populated by Armenians until the Armenian genocide in the 1910s. Today, it is mostly inhabited by Kurds.
Energy (journal)
Energy is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on energy engineering that was established in 1976. It is published by Elsevier (formerly Pergamon Press) and the editor-in-chief is Henrik Lund (Aalborg University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 9.0.

Pergamon Press
Pergamon Press was an Oxford-based publishing house, founded by Paul Rosbaud and Robert Maxwell, that published scientific and medical books and journals. Originally called Butterworth-Springer, it is now an imprint of Elsevier.
Laüstic
"Laüstic", also known as "Le Rossignol", "Le Laustic", "Laostic", and "Aüstic", is a Breton lai by the medieval poet Marie de France. The title comes from the Breton word for "nightingale" (eostig), a symbolic figure in the poem. It is the eighth poem in the collection known as the Lais of Marie de France, and the poem is only found in the manuscript known as Harley 978 (also called  manuscript H). Like the other poems in the collection, Laüstic is written in the Anglo-Norman dialect of Old French, in couplets eight syllables long.

Couplet
In poetry, a couplet (/ˈkʌplət/ CUP-lət) or distich (/ˈdɪstɪk/ DISS-tick) is a pair of successive lines that rhyme and have the same metre. A couplet may be formal (closed) or run-on (open).  In a formal (closed) couplet, each of the two lines is end-stopped, implying that there is a grammatical pause at the end of a line of verse. In a run-on (open) couplet, the meaning of the first line continues to the second.
Arve Bakke
Arve Bakke (born 28 September 1952, Ulsteinvik) is the leader of Fellesforbundet.

Bakke succeeded Kjell Bjørndalen as leader of Fellesforbundet in 2007. Previously he was second deputy leader from 2002 to 2003 and first deputy leader from 2003 to 2007.

Bakke worked for more than ten years at the factory of Ulstein Hatlø, where he was an active trade unionist. In 1984 he became district secretary of the Norwegian Union of Iron and Metalworkers. From 1989–2001 he was leader of the Møre og Romsdal Arbeiderparti. From 1996 to 1997 he was state secretary of the Norwegian Ministry of Government Administration and Reform of the Planning and ordnance department.

Ulsteinvik
Ulsteinvikⓘ is a town in Ulstein Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The town is the commercial and administrative centre of the municipality and as such, Ulsteinvik contains 74% of the municipal population. The 3.93-square-kilometre (970-acre) town has a population (2024) of 6,208 and a population density of 1,580 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,100/sq mi).

The town of Ulsteinvik is located on the west side of the island of Hareidlandet, about 23 kilometres (14 mi) southwest of the city of Ålesund. Ulstein Church is located in the town, serving the population of the whole municipality. Ulsteinvik received town status on 1 July 2000.
Taatsiin Tsagaan Lake
Taatsiin Tsagaan Lake (Mongolian: Таацын Цагаан Нуур [Taatsiin Tsagaan Nuur] ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ [taγača-un čaɣan naɣur]) is a large saline lake in Övörkhangai Province in the Gobi Desert of southern Mongolia.

Taatsiin Tsagaan Lake and the nearby Böön Tsagaan Lake, Adgiin Tsagaan Lake, and Orog Lake, are collectively designated a Ramsar wetland of international importance under the name "Valley of the Lakes". These lakes are known to be an important staging area for migratory waterfowl, and it has been suggested that they might be a breeding area for the rare Relict Gull. The  lake has been designated an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International.

Anseriformes
Anseriformes is an order of birds   also known as waterfowl that comprises about 180 living species of birds in three families: Anhimidae (three species of screamers), Anseranatidae (the magpie goose), and Anatidae, the largest family, which includes over 170 species of waterfowl, among them the ducks, geese, and swans. Most modern species in the order are highly adapted for an aquatic existence at the water surface. With the exception of screamers, males have penises, a trait that has been lost in the Neoaves, the clade consisting of all other modern birds except the galliformes and paleognaths. Due to their aquatic nature, most species are web-footed.
Marco Höferth
Marco Höferth (born 25 March 1988 in Wertheim) is a German footballer who currently plays for TuS Holzkirchen. Höferth joined Bayern Munich's youth team in 2005, and a year later he was making his debut for the reserve team, replacing Michael Kokocinski in a Regionalliga Süd match against SV Elversberg. He spent three years playing for Bayern's second team, but only made ten appearances, three of which came in his last season, in the 3. Liga. Following his release, he joined SC Pfullendorf, where he played for a year, before joining SpVgg Weiden in 2010. Before the year was over, though, the club folded, and Höferth, along with the entire squad, was made a free agent, and the twelve appearances he'd made so far were annulled. After six months without a club, Höferth signed for BCF Wolfratshausen in July 2011.

SV Elversberg
SpVgg 07 Elversberg is a German association football club, located in Spiesen-Elversberg, Saarland. The club plays in the 2. Bundesliga from the 2023–24 season following promotion from the 3. Liga in 2022–23.
Daenggi
A daenggi (Korean: 댕기) is a traditional Korean ribbon used to tie up and decorate braided hair. According to the History of Northern Dynasties, maidens of Baekje bound their hair at the back and braided it, while a married woman braided her hair into two plaits and secured them to the crown of her head.

There are several types of daenggi according to purpose, age, and social status. Tteoguji daenggi, maegae daenggi, doturak daenggi and deurim daenggi are used for ceremonial purpose; others include jebiburi daenggi, doturank daenggi, jjok daenggi, and malttuk daenggi. The daenggi were used for "Kungnyŏ", or court ladies, during the Joseon period were negadak daenggi and patip daenggi.

Kungnyŏ
Kungnyŏ (Korean: 궁녀; Hanja: 宮女; RR: Gungnyeo; lit. palace women) is a Korean term referring to women waiting on the king and other royalty in traditional Korean society. It is short for "gungjung yeogwan", which translates as "a lady officer of the royal court". Kungnyŏ includes sanggung (palace matron) and nain (assistant court ladies), both of which hold rank as officers. The term is also used more broadly to encompass women in a lower class without a rank such as musuri (lowest maids in charge of odd chores), gaksimi, sonnim, uinyeo (female physicians) as well as nain and sanggung. The term spans those from courtiers to domestic workers.
1972 NCAA University Division Wrestling Championships
The 1972 NCAA University Division Wrestling Championships were the 42nd NCAA University Division Wrestling Championships to be held. The University of Maryland in College Park, Maryland hosted the tournament at Cole Field House.

Iowa State took home the team championship with 103 points and three individual champions.

Wade Schalles of Clarion was named the Most Outstanding Wrestler and John Panning of Minnesota received the Gorriaran Award.

Iowa State Cyclones wrestling
The Iowa State Cyclones wrestling team represents Iowa State University (ISU) and competes in the Big 12 Conference of NCAA Division I. The Cyclones are 8 time National Champions, 17 time National Runners-Up, and have 45 Trophy Finishes. The team is coached by Kevin Dresser.  The Cyclones host their home meets at Hilton Coliseum on Iowa State's campus. Iowa State became the second collegiate wrestling program to reach 1,100 dual wins on January 23, 2022.