hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Redoximorphic features
Redoximorphic features (RMFs) consist of color patterns in a soil that are caused by loss (depletion) or gain (concentration) of pigment compared to the matrix color, formed by oxidation/reduction of iron and/or manganese coupled with their removal, translocation, or accrual; or a soil matrix color controlled by the presence of iron (2+) The composition and responsible formation processes for a soil color or color pattern must be known or inferred before it can be described as an RMF.

Matrix (geology)
The matrix or groundmass of a rock is the finer-grained mass of material in which larger grains, crystals, or clasts are embedded.

The matrix of an igneous rock consists of finer-grained, often microscopic, crystals in which larger crystals, called phenocrysts, are embedded. This porphyritic texture is indicative of multi-stage cooling of magma. For example, porphyritic andesite will have large phenocrysts of plagioclase in a fine-grained matrix. Also in South Africa, diamonds are often mined from a matrix of weathered clay-like rock (kimberlite) called "yellow ground".

The matrix of sedimentary rocks is finer-grained sedimentary material, such as clay or silt, in which larger grains or clasts are embedded. It is also used to describe the rock material in which a fossil is embedded.
GSLI
GSLI can refer to:

Gloria Steinem Leadership Institute (GSLI), a training program of Choice USA, a pro-choice organization.

Grammatical specific language impairment (G-SLI), a language disability, a form of Specific language impairment.

Specific language impairment
Specific language impairment (SLI) is diagnosed when a child's language does not develop normally and the difficulties cannot be accounted for by generally slow development, physical abnormality of the speech apparatus, autism spectrum disorder, apraxia, acquired brain damage or hearing loss. Twin studies have shown that it is under genetic influence. Although language impairment can result from a single-gene mutation, this is unusual. More commonly SLI results from the combined influence of multiple genetic variants, each of which is found in the general population, as well as environmental influences.
Hard to Handle: The Life and Death of the Black Crowes
Hard to Handle: The Life and Death of the Black Crowes is a memoir by drummer Steve Gorman about his time in The Black Crowes, co-written by music critic Steven Hyden. The book describes the formation and success of the Black Crowes from Gorman's point of view as well as its eventual break-up.

Steve Gorman
Steve Gorman (born August 17, 1965) is an American musician and radio host. He is best known as the former drummer of the American rock and roll band The Black Crowes. He spent time as the drummer for British rock band Stereophonics. He also hosted his own radio show Steve Gorman Sports! on Fox Sports Radio. He is now the host of Steve Gorman Rocks! on Westwood One radio station affiliates and the morning-show co-host at KQRS-FM in Minneapolis. He also co-hosts on 101.5 WQUT in Tennessee.
Boleite
Boleite is a complex halide mineral with formula:  KPb26Ag9Cu24(OH)48Cl62. It was first described in 1891 as an oxychloride mineral. It is an isometric mineral which forms in deep-blue cubes. There are numerous minerals related to boleite, such as pseudoboleite, cumengite, and diaboleite, and these all have the same complex crystal structure. They all contain bright-blue cubic forms and are formed in altered zones of lead and copper deposits, produced during the reaction of chloride bearing solutions with primary sulfide minerals.

Sulfide mineral
The sulfide minerals are a class of minerals containing sulfide (S2−) or disulfide (S2−2) as the major anion. Some sulfide minerals are economically important as metal ores. The sulfide class also includes the selenides, the tellurides, the arsenides, the antimonides, the bismuthinides, the sulfarsenides and the sulfosalts.  Sulfide minerals are inorganic compounds.
Imer Hajji Allahyar
Imer Hajji Allahyar (Persian: ايمرحاجي الهيار, also Romanized as Īmer Ḩājjī Allāhyār; also known as Īmer Khvājeh Allāhyār) is a village in Bagheli-ye Marama Rural District, in the Central District of Gonbad-e Qabus County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 366, in 79 families.

Golestan province
Golestan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country and southeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Gorgan, formerly called Esterabad until 1937. Golestan was split off from Mazandaran Province in 1997.

Golestan province borders Turkmenistan to the north. One of the key border points between the two countries is Incheh Borun, which serves as a vital crossing point.

The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014. The majority of its population are Shia Muslims.
11th federal electoral district of Oaxaca
The 11th federal electoral district of Oaxaca (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 11 de Oaxaca) was a Mexican federal electoral district from 1997 to 2018. During its existence, it returned one deputy to the Chamber of Deputies for each three-year legislative period by means of the first-past-the-post system.  Votes cast in the district also counted towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the country's electoral regions.

Oaxaca's 11th district was created by the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) as part of its 1996 redistricting process, which assigned the state an additional district to the ten it already had. 
In the 2017 redistricting process, Oaxaca's seat allocation was again reduced to ten.
The 11th district was thus first contested in the 1997 mid-term election and it elected its final deputy in the 2015 mid-terms.

National Electoral Institute
The National Electoral Institute (Spanish: Instituto Nacional Electoral; INE), formerly the Federal Electoral Institute (Spanish: Instituto Federal Electoral; IFE), is an autonomous, public agency responsible for organizing federal elections in Mexico: that is, those related to the election of the President of the United Mexican States, the members of the Congress of the Union as well as elections of authorities and representatives at local and state levels. The agency's president is Guadalupe Taddei Zavala, appointed in 2023 for a nine-year term.
USS New London County
USS New London County (LST-1066) was an LST-542-class tank landing ship in the United States Navy. Unlike many of her class, which received only numbers and were disposed of after World War II, she survived long enough to be named. Originally nameless, on 1 July 1955, all LSTs still in commission were named for US counties or parishes; LST-1066 was given the name New London County, after the county in Connecticut.

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
National Satellite Test Facility
The National Satellite Test Facility (NSTF) is a testing site for artificial satellites, located in Harwell, Oxfordshire, in the United Kingdom. It is the first dedicated satellite testing facility in the UK. Construction began in 2018 and was completed in 2024. The facility opened in May 2024. The facility was funded by UK government as a result of a facilities gap study led by UK Space Agency, and is operated by RAL Space, a department of the Science and Technology Facilities Council.

Its first customers were Airbus Defence and Space UK.

Airbus Defence and Space
Airbus Defence and Space is the defence and space systems subsidiary of Airbus. Formed in 2014 during the restructuring of the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company, the predecessor of Airbus. The subsidiary consists of the company's the former Airbus Military, Astrium, and Cassidian divisions. Contributing 21% of Airbus revenues in 2016, it is the second largest space company in the world.

Plans have been announced to merge the Space Systems and Space Digital divisions of Airbus Defence and Space, Telespazio, and Thales Alenia Space into a new joint venture owned by Airbus (35%), Leonardo (32.5%), and Thales (32.5%). The combined entity would have had an estimated annual turnover of €6.5 billion. If approved by regulators, the new company is expected to be operational in 2027.
Perpetual bond
A perpetual bond, also known colloquially as a perpetual or perp, is a bond with no maturity date, therefore allowing it to be treated as equity, not as debt. Issuers pay coupons on perpetual bonds forever, and they do not have to redeem the principal. Perpetual bond cash flows are, therefore, those of a perpetuity.

Debt
Debt is an obligation that requires one party, the debtor, to pay money borrowed or otherwise withheld from another party, the creditor. Debt may be owed by a sovereign state or country, local government, company, or an individual. Commercial debt is generally subject to contractual terms regarding the amount and timing of repayments of principal and interest. Loans, bonds, notes, and mortgages are all types of debt. In financial accounting, debt is a type of financial transaction, as distinct from equity.

The term can also be used metaphorically to cover moral obligations and other interactions not based on a monetary value. For example, in Western cultures, a person who has been helped by a second person is sometimes said to owe a "debt of gratitude" to the second person.
Ed Morrissey
Edward Morrissey (born April 3, 1963) is an American conservative blogger, columnist, motivational speaker, and talk show host.
He goes by the nickname Captain Ed and he formerly lived in the Twin Cities area of Minnesota. He now resides in Texas.
He wrote his original blog, "Captain's Quarters", from October 2003 to February 2008. He now works full-time as a blogger for Hot Air. and writes a column for The Week.
He also participates in Bloggingheads.tv

His opinion articles have appeared in the New York Sun, the New York Post, and the Daily Standard.

Columnist
A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the form of a short essay by a specific writer who offers a personal point of view. Columns are sometimes written by a composite or a team, appearing under a pseudonym, or (in effect) a brand name. Columnists typically write daily or weekly columns. Some columns are later collected and reprinted in book form.
Uncial 083
Uncial 083 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 31 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 6th/7th century. The codex now is located at the Russian National Library (Gr. 10) in Saint Petersburg.

J. Rendel Harris
James Rendel Harris (27 January 1852 in Plymouth, Devon – 1 March 1941) was an English biblical scholar and curator of manuscripts, who was instrumental in bringing back to light many Syriac Scriptures and other early documents. His contacts at the Saint Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sinai in Egypt enabled twin sisters Agnes Smith Lewis and Margaret Dunlop Gibson to discover there the Sinaitic Palimpsest, the oldest Syriac New Testament document in existence. He subsequently accompanied them on a second trip, with Robert Bensly and Francis Crawford Burkitt, to decipher the palimpsest. He himself discovered there other manuscripts (073, 0118, 0119, 0137, a Syriac text of the Apology of Aristides etc.,). Harris's Biblical Fragments from Mount Sinai appeared in 1890. He was a Quaker.
Pul-i-Darunteh Aramaic inscription
The Pul-i-Darunteh Aramaic inscription, also called Aramaic inscription of Lampaka, is an inscription on a rock in the valley of Laghman ("Lampaka" being the transcription in Sanskrit of "Laghman"), Afghanistan, written in Aramaic by the Indian emperor Ashoka around 260 BCE. It was discovered in 1932 at a place called Pul-i-Darunteh. Since Aramaic was the official language of the Achaemenid Empire, which disappeared in 320 BCE with the conquests of Alexander the Great, it seems that this inscription was addressed directly to the populations of this ancient empire still present in northwestern India, or to border populations for whom Aramaic remained the language of use.

Laghman Province
Laghmān (Pashto, Dari: لغمان), historically known as Lamghan, or Lamghanat, is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. It has a population of about 502,148, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society. Laghman hosts a large number of historical landmarks, minarets, monuments, and other cultural relics that are manifestation of its old history and culture. The city of Mihtarlam serves as the capital of the province.

In 2021, the Taliban gained control of the province during the 2021 Taliban offensive.
Wowowillie
Wowowillie is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by TV5. Hosted by Willie Revillame, it aired from January 26 to October 12, 2013. The show earned the distinction of being the only noontime program to have a Strong Parental Guidance (SPG) rating from the MTRCB, which was imposed due to the dancers' provocative outfits.

Revillame admitted in an interview in September 2013 that the show's ratings "fell below expectations" and contemplated on a possible cancellation. The show aired its final episode on October 12, 2013, nearly nine months after its debut. Wil To Win later premiered in 2024.

Movie and Television Review and Classification Board
The Movie and Television Review and Classification Board  (MTRCB; Filipino: Lupon sa Rebyu at Klasipikasyon ng Pelikula at Telebisyon) is a Philippine government agency under the Office of the President of the Philippines that is responsible for the classification and review of television programs, motion pictures and home videos.

Unlike other organizations worldwide, the Board does not rate video games. Thus, both the ESRB system used in the United States, and IARC system are the de facto rating systems used in the Philippines, although there have been attempts at formulating an independent local rating system. Certain video game vendors ask for a valid ID or other verification of those seeking to buy M- and AO-rated games. The Board also does not rate literature.

The Movie and Television Review and Classification Board also serves as a de facto censorship body.
EchoStar X
EchoStar X, also known as EchoStar 10, is an American geostationary communications satellite which is operated by EchoStar on behalf of Dish Network. It is positioned in Geostationary orbit at a longitude of 110° West, from where it is used to provide direct broadcasting services to the United States.

EchoStar X was built by Lockheed Martin, and is based on the A2100AXS satellite bus. It is equipped with 42 J band (IEEE Ku band) transponders, and at launch it had a mass of 4,333 kilograms (9,553 lb), with an expected operational lifespan of 16 years

The satellite was launched using a Sea Launch Zenit-3SL carrier rocket flying from the Ocean Odyssey launch platform. The launch occurred at 23:34:55 GMT on 15 February 2006, leaving Echostar X in a geosynchronous transfer orbit. Its orbit was then raised using an onboard LEROS-1C apogee motor, with insertion into geostationary orbit occurring at 20:50 GMT on 22 February.

Transponder
In telecommunications, a transponder is a device that, upon receiving a signal, emits a different signal in response. The term is a blend of transmitter and responder.

In air navigation or radio frequency identification, a flight transponder is an automated transceiver in an aircraft that emits a coded identifying signal in response to an interrogating received signal.

In a communications satellite, a satellite transponder receives signals over a range of uplink frequencies, usually from a satellite ground station; the transponder amplifies them, and re-transmits them on a different set of downlink frequencies to receivers on Earth, often without changing the content of the received signal or signals.
Rumbling Bridge
Rumbling Bridge (Scottish Gaelic: An Drochaid Rùchdail, Scots: Rummlin Brig) is a small village built on both sides of a gorge of the River Devon, which formed the boundary between the historic counties of Perthshire and Kinross-shire and is now within the combined Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, where the A823 leaves the A977. It lies roughly one mile (1.5 kilometres) equidistant from Muckhart to its north, Crook of Devon to its east and Powmill to its south. Comprising only a few scattered houses until the mid-20th century, most property in the village dates from the 1970s onwards.

The village is named after an unusual double bridge, which gives off a distinctive rumbling reverberation at lower levels.

Kinross-shire
The County of Kinross or Kinross-shire is a historic county and registration county in eastern Scotland, administered as part of Perth and Kinross since 1975. Surrounding its largest settlement and county town of Kinross, the county borders Perthshire to the north and Fife to the east, south and west.

Scotland's second smallest county, Kinross-shire is dominated by Loch Leven, a large inland loch, with two islands and an internationally important nature reserve. One of the islands contains a castle, where Mary, Queen of Scots was once held prisoner. Much of the land in Kinross-shire is fertile agricultural land and most of the inhabitants were originally employed in farming. The gently-rolling farmland surrounding Loch Leven gives way to steep, more rugged terrain at the outskirts of the county.
2025 General Tire 150 (Charlotte)
The 2025 General Tire 150 was the 5th stock car race of the 2025 ARCA Menards Series season, and the 7th and final running of the event. The race was held on Friday, May 23, 2025, at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina, a 1.5 mile (2.4 km) permanent asphalt tri-oval shaped intermediate speedway. The race took the scheduled 100 laps to complete. In a chaotic race, Austin Green, driving for Pinnacle Racing Group, would dominate the final stages of the event, leading a race-high 52 laps to earn his first career ARCA Menards Series win in his second start. To fill out the podium, Grant Enfinger, driving for CR7 Motorsports, and Lavar Scott, driving for Rev Racing, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Lavar Scott
Lavar Stephon Scott (born September 6, 2003) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 45 Chevrolet Camaro SS for Alpha Prime Racing. He has previously competed in the ARCA Menards Series. He is also a former member of NASCAR's Driver Development Program.
Vannina Crolas
Vannina Crolas (born 1966 or 1967) is a French Polynesian politician and Cabinet Minister. She is a member of Tāvini Huiraʻatira.

Crolas trained as a lawyer, then worked for the Office of Posts and Telecommunications for eight years, before moving to the Faʻaʻā town administration in 2002. She was town secretary, and then as deputy director of general services. In June 2019 she was appointed general secretary of the Tāvini Huiraʻatira party, succeeding Etienne Chimin. She offered her resignation as general secretary in the leadup to the 2023 French Polynesian legislative election following disputes within the party over the choice of Moetai Brotherson as the party's presidential candidate and the removal of Eliane Tevahitua from the party list in favour of Maurea Maamaatuaiahutapu.

On 15 May 2023 she was appointed Minister of Public Services, Employment, Labour, and Modernisation of Administration in the government of Moetai Brotherson.

2023 French Polynesian legislative election
Legislative elections were held in French Polynesia on 16 and 30 April 2023 to elect 57 representatives of the Assembly. The last election was in 2018.

The pro-autonomist Tāpura Huiraʻatira government, led by President Édouard Fritch, sought to win a second consecutive full term, but was defeated by the pro-separatist Tāvini Huiraʻatira opposition, led by former President Oscar Temaru, in a landslide. The Tāvini Huiraʻatira party won 38 of the 57 seats. Following the election, Moetai Brotherson, Tāvini Huiraʻatira's deputy leader, was elected President of French Polynesia by 38 votes against 16 for Fritch and 3 for pro-autonomist Nicole Sanquer of A here ia Porinetia.
Akridou-Laddé
Akridou-Laddé is a village in southern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Goudouko, Lakota Department, Lôh-Djiboua Region, Gôh-Djiboua District.

Akridou-Laddé was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Lakota Department
The Lakota Department is a department of the Lôh-Djiboua Region in Gôh-Djiboua District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 334,235 and its seat is the settlement of Lakota. The sub-prefectures of the department are Djidji, Gagoré, Goudouko, Lakota, Niambézaaria, and Zikisso.

Lakota Department was created in 1980 as a split-off from Divo Department. In 1997, regions were introduced as new first-level subdivisions of Ivory Coast; as a result, all departments were converted into second-level subdivisions. Lakota Department was included in the Sud-Bandama Region.

In 2011, districts were introduced as new first-level subdivisions of Ivory Coast. At the same time, regions were reorganised and became second-level subdivisions and all departments were converted into third-level subdivisions. At this time, Lakota Department became part of Lôh-Djiboua Region in the Gôh-Djiboua District.
Juli Fernández
Julià Fernàndez Ariza (born 19 November 1974) is an Andorran footballer. He currently plays for Santa Coloma and the Andorra national team. He has won both the Andorran First Division and the Andorran Cup several times.

Copa Constitució
The Copa Constitució or Andorran Cup, also known is Copa Constitució Valira Seguretat for sponsorship reasons, is the national football cup competition in Andorra organized by the Andorran Football Federation.  The Cup annual tournament began in 1990.  Since the 1994–95 season, the tournament has been affiliated with FIFA and UEFA.
Jennifer Pett-Ridge
Jennifer Pett-Ridge is an American biologist who is a senior staff scientist at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. She also serves as an adjunct professor at the University of California, Merced and at an investigator at the Innovative Genomics Institute. Her research makes use of systems biology and biogeochemistry to uncover function in microbial communities. She was awarded a 2021 United States Department of Energy Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award.

Ecological Society of America
The Ecological Society of America (ESA) is a professional organization of ecological scientists. Based in the United States and founded in 1915, ESA publications include peer-reviewed journals, newsletters, fact sheets, and teaching resources. It holds an annual meeting at different locations in the USA and Canada. In addition to its publications and annual meeting, ESA is engaged in public policy, science, education, and diversity issues.

ESA's 9,000 members are researchers, educators, natural resource managers, and students in over 90 countries. Members work on a wide range of topics, from agroecology to marine diversity, and explore the relationships between organisms and their past, present, and future environments. As of June 2023 the society has 32 topical sections, six regional chapters, and ten committees.