hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dhwani Gautam
Dhwanii M Gautam aka Dhwani Gautam (born 22 July 1985) is a filmmaker, director and writer known for Romance Complicated and Hoon Tari Heer. He predominantly works in the Gujarati Film Industry and Bollywood.

Anshul Trivedi
Anshul Trivedi is an Indian actor known for his works in Hindi cinema and Indian television. He appeared as a lead in Balika vadhu 2 , Trideviyaan, Khidki, Saraswatichandra, Ishq Ka Rang Safed, Ek Rishta Aisa Bhi, Kaali - Ek Punar Avataar, Raam Leela and Ramayai Vastavaiya. He did a short story "Love by Chance" for UTV Bindass, Bisaat Rishton Ki and Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki He was also seen as "Tantiya Tope" in the show " Jhansi Ki Rani" on colours in 2019.
Fokker D.X
Fokker D.X (or D.10) was a Dutch fighter aircraft designed after World War I.

The chief designer at Fokker, Reinhold Platz, designed the Fokker D.VIII fighter in 1918. It was a parasol monoplane with cantilever wings, which was an uncommon feature of the time. Its rotary engine could only develop 82 kW (110 hp), but it had good flying qualities. 60 aircraft were manufactured in Germany.

After the war, Anthony Fokker moved his factory to the Netherlands, where production continued. The D.X was an enlarged development of the D.VIII, which saw limited success. Ten aircraft were sold to Spain and one to Finland, where it was in use 1923-24.

Anthony Fokker
Anton Herman Gerard "Anthony" Fokker (6 April 1890 – 23 December 1939) was a Dutch aviation pioneer, aviation entrepreneur, aircraft designer, and aircraft manufacturer. He produced fighter aircraft in Germany during the First World War such as the Eindecker monoplanes, the Dr.1 triplane and the D.VII biplane.

After the Treaty of Versailles forbade Germany to produce aircraft, Fokker moved his business to the Netherlands. There, his company was responsible for a variety of aircraft including the Fokker F.VII/3m trimotor, a successful interwar passenger aircraft. He died in New York City in 1939. Later authors suggest he was personally charismatic but unscrupulous in business and a controversial character.
Chiswick Asylum
Chiswick Asylum was an English asylum established by Edward Francis Tuke and his wife Mary as Manor House Asylum in Chiswick, in about 1837. It was continued by his son, Thomas Harrington Tuke (1826-1888), before moving to Chiswick House in 1892 and becoming the Chiswick House Asylum, where it was run by two of Thomas Tuke's sons.

Lunatic asylum
The lunatic asylum, insane asylum or mental asylum was an institution where people with mental illness were confined. It was an early precursor of the modern psychiatric hospital.

Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from and eventually replaced the older lunatic asylum. The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes brutal and focused on containment and restraint. The discovery of anti-psychotic drugs and mood-stabilizing drugs resulted in a shift in focus from containment in lunatic asylums to treatment in psychiatric hospitals. Later, there was further and more thorough critique in the form of the deinstitutionalization movement which focuses on treatment at home or in less isolated institutions.

Whilst it was used in the past, modern and more humane areas have been developed as opposed to the unorthodox methods of isolation and questionable therapies used in Lunatic (insane) asylum(s).
1982 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe
The 1982 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe was a horse race held at Longchamp on Sunday 3 October 1982. It was the 61st running of the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe.

The winner was Akiyda, a three-year-old filly trained in France by François Mathet. The winning jockey was Yves Saint-Martin who was winning the race for the third time. The filly won by a neck from the British-trained six-year-old Ardross.

The winning time was 2m 37.0s.

François Mathet
François Mathet ((1908-05-21)21 May 1908 at Vesoul – (1983-01-11)11 January 1983 at Neuvy-le-Barrois) trained racehorses, specialising in flat racing. In France he is well-remembered for being one of the best equestrian trainers in the country's history.
Ballyryan
Ballyryan or Ballyreen (Irish: Baile Uí Rinn; Ring's homestead) is a small inland mostly west-facing limestone crag in The Burren in County Clare, Ireland.  It is popular with rock climbers due to its easy access, the range of short easy-to-intermediate rock climbs, and its close proximity to the much larger and highly regarded, Ailladie rock-climbing sea-cliff; Ailladie is also locally known as the Ballyreen Cliffs or Ballyreen Point.

County Clare
County Clare (Irish: Contae an Chláir) is a county in the province of Munster in the  Southern part of Ireland, bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Clare County Council is the local authority. The county had a population of 127,938 at the 2022 census. The county seat and largest settlement is Ennis.
Katarzynki, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Katarzynki [kataˈʐɨnki] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Lipnica, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Lipnica
Gmina Lipnica (Kashubian: Gmina Lëpińce) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Lipnica, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Bytów and 90 km (56 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 309.57 square kilometres (119.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,796.

Mayor of the municipality is Andrzej Lemańczyk.
Idara Otu
Idara Otu (born 5 July 1987, Atlanta, US) is a Nigerian sprinter. She competed in the 4 × 400 m relay event at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Otu was an All-American sprinter for the Stanford Cardinal track and field team, finishing 3rd as the 400 m leg on the distance medley relay at the 2008 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships.

She is also the founder of the Let Girls Read, Run, Grow Foundation, that provides underserved girls  necessary resources to succeed in life through programming in education, sport and agriculture and hopes to provide the world's next group of leaders.

2008 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 2008 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships was the 43rd NCAA Men's Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships and the 26th NCAA Women's Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships, held at the Randal Tyson Track Center in Fayetteville, Arkansas near the campus of the host school, the University of Arkansas. In total, thirty-two different men's and women's indoor track and field events were contested from March 14 to March 15, 2008.
Parkside West Historic District
Parkside West Historic District is a national historic district located at Buffalo in Erie County, New York.  The district is architecturally and historically significant for its association with the 1876 Parks and Parkways Plan for the city of Buffalo developed by Frederick Law Olmsted in 1876.  It consists of 137 contributing structures (82 principal buildings, 51 outbuildings) developed primarily from 1923 to 1940, as a middle class residential neighborhood.  The district largely contains single-family dwellings, built in a variety of popular architectural styles, and located along the irregular and curvilinear street pattern developed by Olmsted. They include homes along Nottingham Terrace and Middlesex Road, and segments of Meadow Road, Lincoln Parkway, Delaware Avenue, and Amherst Street. The district is located to the north of Buffalo's Delaware Park.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Erie County, New York
Erie County is a county along the shore of Lake Erie in the western region of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 954,236. However, in 2023 the estimated population was 946,147. The county seat is Buffalo, which makes up about 28% of the county's population. Both the county and Lake Erie were named for the regional Iroquoian language-speaking Erie tribe of Native Americans, who lived in the area before 1654. They were later pushed out by the more powerful Iroquoian nations tribes. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Erie County, along with its northern neighbor Niagara County, makes up the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area, the second largest in the State of New York behind New York City. The county's southern part is known as the Southtowns.
Adriaan de Groot
Adrianus Dingeman (Adriaan) de Groot (Santpoort, 26 October 1914 – Schiermonnikoog, 14 August 2006) was a Dutch chess master and psychologist, who conducted some of the most famous chess experiments of all time in the 1940s-60. In 1946 he wrote his thesis Het denken van den schaker, which in 1965 was translated into English and published as Thought and choice in chess.  De Groot played for the Netherlands in the Chess Olympiads of 1937 and 1939. In 1973 he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in 2020 and 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings.
Kosovo national under-15 football team
The Kosovo national under-15 football team (Albanian: Kombëtarja e futbollit të Kosovës nën 15 vjeç; Serbian: Фудбалска репрезентација Косова до 15. године, romanized: Fudbalska reprezentacija Kosova do 15. godine) is the national under-15 football team of Kosovo and is controlled by the Football Federation of Kosovo.

Football Federation of Kosovo
The Football Federation of Kosovo (Albanian: Federata e Futbollit e Kosovës; Serbian: Фудбалски савез Републике Косово / Fudbalski savez Republike Kosovo; FFK) is the governing body of football in Kosovo, with headquarters in Pristina. The Football Federation of Kosovo was established in 1946 as a branch of the Football Association of Yugoslavia; it has since become independent and was headed by Fadil Vokrri until his sudden death in 2018. It organizes eight competitions of football in Kosovo.
Jeff Wallace
Jeffrey Allen Wallace (born April 12, 1976) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher. He was drafted by the Kansas City Royals in the 25th round of the 1995 amateur draft. Wallace played his first professional season with their Rookie League GCL Royals in 1995  He played during four seasons at the major league level for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Tampa Bay Devil Rays and split his last season between the Boston Red Sox's Class-A (Advanced) Sarasota Red Sox and Triple-A Pawtucket Red Sox, in 2002. He works at Leslie Equipment Company in West Virginia.

1995 Major League Baseball draft
The 1995 Major League Baseball draft began June 1995 to assign amateur baseball players to MLB teams. The draft order is the reverse order of the 1994 MLB season standings. In addition, compensation picks were distributed for players who did not sign from the 1994 MLB draft. The California Angels received the first overall selection, choosing Darin Erstad.
King of New York
King of New York is a 1990 neo-noir crime drama film directed by Abel Ferrara and written by Nicholas St. John. It stars Christopher Walken, Laurence Fishburne, David Caruso, Victor Argo and Wesley Snipes, with supporting roles played by Giancarlo Esposito, Steve Buscemi, Paul Calderón, Janet Julian and Theresa Randle. Walken portrays Frank White, a New York City drug kingpin rebuilding his criminal empire after his release from prison, while also attempting to go legitimate.

The film was released by Carolco Pictures (through New Line Cinema) on September 28, 1990. It received mixed reviews from critics, with several criticizing the film's violence and dark tone. Retrospective reviews have been much more positive, and the film has been described as one of Ferrara's best.

Carolco Pictures
Carolco Pictures, Inc. was an American independent film studio founded by Mario Kassar and Andrew G. Vajna in 1976. Kassar and Vajna ran Carolco together until 1989, when Vajna left to form Cinergi Pictures. Carolco hit its peak in the 1980s and early 1990s, with blockbuster successes including the first three films of the Rambo franchise, Field of Dreams, Total Recall, Terminator 2: Judgment Day, Basic Instinct, Universal Soldier, Cliffhanger and Stargate. Nevertheless, Carolco was losing money overall, requiring a corporate restructuring in 1992. The film Cutthroat Island was produced as a resurgence for Carolco, but it instead lost them $147 million, and Carolco eventually went bankrupt in 1995.
Farooqui
Farooqui (Arabic: الفاروقي); also transliterated as Farooqi, Faruki or Al Farooqui), is a given name or surname of Arabic origin, meaning "the one who distinguishes between right and wrong".

Notable people with the given or surname include:

Farooque (1948–2023), Bangladeshi actor

Farouk Ruzimatov, Russian ballet dancer

Farouk Shami, Palestinian-American businessman

Farouk al-Sharaa, Syrian politician

Ismail al-Faruqi, Palestinian-American philosopher

Naseer Ahmad Faruqui, Islamic scholar

Nisar Ahmed Faruqi, Islamic scholar

Musharraf Ali Farooqui, Canadian writer

Shad Saleem Faruqi, Malaysian legal scholar

Khan Bahadur Nawab Sir Kazi Golam Mohiuddin Faroqui (1891–1984), Bengali knight and politician

Sami Pasha al-Farouqi, Ottoman commander

Munawar Faruqui, Indian stand-up comedian, singer, influencer, writer, rapper, reality show winner (Lock Upp)

Abdul Aleem Farooqui, Indian Islamic scholar

Darab Farooqui, Indian screenwriter, columnist, and poet.

Sami Pasha al-Farouqi
Sami Pasha al-Farouqi (1861–1911) was an Ottoman statesman. He was born in Baghdad, Ottoman Iraq, in 1861. He graduated from Turkish Military Academy and the War Academy in Istanbul and joined the army in 1887 as a staff captain. He served as an attaché in Berlin for many years. He was assigned to suppress a rebellion in Yemen. In 1906, he was the leader of Turkish troops in Al-Qassim which eventually had to withdraw from the region under pressure from Al Saud.

On December 27, 1908, he was appointed as a member of the Senate. Between 1908 and April 16, 1909, he served as the Minister of Zaptiye. He was appointed as the commander of the army formed to suppress the Hauran Druze Rebellion. He fell ill during the suppression of the rebellion and died in Damascus in 1911.
Nakatsu Castle
Nakatsu Castle (中津城, Nakatsu-jō) is a Japanese castle in the city of Nakatsu in Ōita Prefecture. It is known as one of the three mizujiro, or "castles on the sea", in Japan, with Takamatsu Castle in Kagawa Prefecture and Imabari Castle in Ehime Prefecture.

Ehime Prefecture
Ehime Prefecture (愛媛県, Ehime-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [eꜜ.çi.me, e.çi.meꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Ehime Prefecture has a population of 1,334,841 and a geographic area of 5,676 km2 (2,191 sq mi). Ehime Prefecture borders Kagawa Prefecture to the northeast, Tokushima Prefecture to the east, and Kōchi Prefecture to the southeast. Ehime Prefecture also borders Hiroshima Prefecture for 74 metres (243 ft) on Hyōtanjima.

Matsuyama is the capital and largest city of Ehime Prefecture and the largest city on Shikoku, with other major cities including Imabari, Niihama, and Saijō.

Notable past Ehime residents include three Nobel Prize winners: Kenzaburo Oe (1994 Nobel Prize in Literature), Shuji Nakamura (2014 Nobel Prize in Physics), and Syukuro Manabe (2021 Nobel Prize in Physics).
Partibrejkers
Partibrejkers (Serbian Cyrillic: Партибрејкерс, transliteration for: Partybreakers) is a Serbian rock band from Belgrade, as well as one of the most acclaimed acts of the Yugoslav rock scene.

The band was formed in 1982 and released its first album, Partibrejkers I in 1985 in a two guitars, drums and  vocal set (no bass guitar). The band has experienced numerous line-up changes. The mainstays of the band are Zoran Kostić "Cane" (vocals) and Nebojša Antonijević "Anton" (guitar). The band has received steady critical acclaim over the years and is well received by audiences across former Yugoslavia, not only for their music, but also for their anti-war activism through the Rimtutituki project. Their influences are diverse, such as the Stooges, MC5, early Rolling Stones and New York Dolls, combined with blues, British rhythm-and-blues, rockabilly and classic rock and roll.

PGP-RTB
PGP-RTB (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Продукција грамофонских плоча Радио телевизије Београд, romanized: Produkcija gramofonskih ploča Radio televizije Beograd lit. 'Production of gramophone records of Radio Television of Belgrade') was a major state-owned record label and chain record store in the former SFR Yugoslavia, based in Belgrade, Socialist Republic of Serbia. After the breakup of Yugoslavia, in 1993, the company changed its name to PGP-RTS (Produkcija Gramofonskih Ploča Radio-Televizije Srbije).
Nicole Abusharif
Nicole M. Abusharif (born September 14, 1980) is an American woman, convicted of the 2007 Villa Park, Illinois murder of her domestic partner, Rebecca "Becky" Klein. After being found guilty of first-degree murder in May 2009, Abusharif was sentenced to 50 years in prison at the Dwight Correctional Center in Nevada Township, Illinois. The case made national news because of the intrigue of a "lesbian love triangle" murder.

Guilt (law)
In criminal law, guilt is the state of being responsible for the commission of an offense. Legal guilt is entirely externally defined by the state, or more generally a "court of law". Being factually guilty of a criminal offense means that one has committed a violation of criminal law or performed all the elements of the offense set out by a criminal statute. The determination that one has committed that violation is made by an external body (a "court of law") after the determination of the facts by a finder of fact or "factfinder" (i.e., a jury) and is, therefore, as definitive as the record-keeping of the body. For instance, in the case of a bench trial, a judge acts as both the court of law and the factfinder, whereas in a jury trial, the jury is the trier of fact and the judge acts only as the trier of law.
Changchung Cathedral
Changchung Cathedral (Korean: 장충성당) is the nominal cathedral of the Diocese of Pyongyang, North Korea, located in the Changchung neighborhood of Songyo-guyok, Pyongyang. It is one of only four official Christian places of worship in Pyongyang. It operates under the Korean Catholic Association.

Diocese of Pyongyang
The Diocese of Pyongyang is a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in North Korea. Its only official bishop, Francis Hong Yong-ho, was imprisoned by the government of the North Korea led by Kim Il-sung in 1949 and later disappeared. The Archbishop of Seoul acts as the Apostolic Administrator for Pyongyang.
John Ferguson (New South Wales politician)
John Alexander Ferguson (31 May 1903 – 2 August 1969) was an Australian politician.

He was born near Glen Innes to miner Alexander Ferguson. He was educated at convent schools in Annandale from 1916, working variously in brass and jewellery before joining the railways in 1926. On 25 July 1925 he married Beatrice Jago, with whom he had eight children. An Australian Labor Party member from 1926, he was an organiser for the Australian Railways Union from 1935 and state secretary from 1943 to 1952; he was also vice-president of the New South Wales Labor Party from 1943 to 1947, president from 1947 to 1952, and federal president from 1950 to 1952. From 1945 to 1952 he was a Labor member of the New South Wales Legislative Council. He resigned in 1952 to take up a post as chairman of the New South Wales Milk Board, a position he held until 1968. Ferguson died in 1969 at Lane Cove.

Glen Innes, New South Wales
Glen Innes is a parish and town on the Northern Tablelands, in the New England region of New South Wales, Australia. It is the centre of the Glen Innes Severn Shire Council. The town is located at the intersection of the New England Highway and the Gwydir Highway. At the 2021 census, Glen Innes had a population of 6,219
Coherent space
In proof theory, a coherent space (also coherence space) is a concept introduced in the semantic study of linear logic.

Let a set C be given. Two subsets S,T ⊆ C are said to be orthogonal, written S ⊥ T, if S ∩ T is ∅ or a singleton. The dual of a family F ⊆ ℘(C) is the family F ⊥ of all subsets S ⊆ C orthogonal to every member of F, i.e., such that S ⊥ T for all T ∈ F. A coherent space F over C is a family of C-subsets for which F = (F ⊥) ⊥.

In Proofs and Types coherent spaces are called coherence spaces. A footnote explains that although in the French original they were espaces cohérents, the coherence space translation was used because spectral spaces are sometimes called coherent spaces.

Spectral space
In mathematics, a spectral space is a topological space that is homeomorphic to the spectrum of a commutative ring. It is sometimes also called a coherent space because of the connection to coherent topoi.
Boxcar function
In mathematics, a boxcar function is any function which is zero over the entire real line except for a single interval where it is equal to a constant, A. The function is named after its graph's resemblance to a boxcar, a type of railroad car. The boxcar function can be expressed in terms of the uniform distribution as

where f(a,b;x) is the uniform distribution of x for the interval [a, b] and  is the Heaviside step function. As with most such discontinuous functions, there is a question of the value at the transition points, which are usually best chosen depending on the individual application.

When a boxcar function is selected as the impulse response of a filter, the result is a simple moving average filter, whose frequency response is a sinc-in-frequency, a type of low-pass filter.

Impulse response
In signal processing and control theory, the impulse response, or impulse response function (IRF), of a dynamic system is its output when presented with a brief input signal, called an impulse (δ(t)). More generally, an impulse response is the reaction of any dynamic system in response to some external change. In both cases, the impulse response describes the reaction of the system as a function of time (or possibly as a function of some other independent variable that parameterizes the dynamic behavior of the system).

In all these cases, the dynamic system and its impulse response may be actual physical objects, or may be mathematical systems of equations describing such objects.

Since the impulse function contains all frequencies (see the Fourier transform of the Dirac delta function, showing infinite frequency bandwidth that the Dirac delta function has), the impulse response defines the response of a linear time-invariant system for all frequencies.
Dixie, Idaho County, Idaho
Dixie is an unincorporated community in Idaho County, Idaho, United States, located 43 miles (69 km) east-northeast of Riggins.  Dixie was an important gateway to the Thunder Mountain Mines of Idaho during the early 1900s when Dixie was on the northern terminus of the Three Blaze Trail, a shortcut route to the mines via Campbell's Ferry, and what is now the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness, Chamberlain Basin, and southward to the mining community of Roosevelt, located on Monumental Creek.

Riggins, Idaho
Riggins is a city in the western United States in Idaho County, Idaho. Nestled deep in a canyon at the confluence of the Salmon and Little Salmon rivers in west central Idaho, it is approximately 150 highway miles (240 km) north of Boise, and 120 highway miles (190 km) south-southeast of Lewiston. The elevation is 1,821 feet (555 m) above sea level, and its population was 372 at the 2020 census.

U.S. Route 95, the only highway for the state connecting the Panhandle to the south, runs through Riggins as Main Street. Along this route, Riggins is the most northwestern town in the Mountain time zone; Pacific time begins just north of the city, across the Salmon River.