hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
First Capital Connect
First Capital Connect (FCC) was a British train operating company, owned by FirstGroup, that operated the Thameslink and Great Northern sectors from April 2006 to September 2014 which later became the Thameslink, Southern and Great Northern (TSGN) franchise.

First Capital Connect was a major provider of commuter and regional services in London and the south east of England. It operated passenger rail services from Luton and Bedford via the Thameslink to Sutton, Wimbledon and Brighton via Central London.

It also operated commuter, suburban and regional services out of London King's Cross and London Moorgate to Hertfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Norfolk. Major destinations served included Cambridge, King's Lynn and Peterborough.

First Capital Connect ceased operations at 02:00 on 14 September 2014, when the franchise was taken over by Govia Thameslink Railway, and became part of the larger Thameslink, Southern and Great Northern franchise.

Central London
Central London is the innermost part of London, in England, spanning the City of London and several boroughs. Over time, a number of definitions have been used to define the scope of Central London for statistics, urban planning and local government. Its characteristics are understood to include a high-density built environment, high land values, an elevated daytime population and a concentration of regionally, nationally and internationally significant organisations and facilities.

Road distances to London are traditionally measured from a central point at Charing Cross (in the City of Westminster), which is marked by the statue of King Charles I at the junction of the Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street, just south of Trafalgar Square.
Hartshorn, Missouri
Hartshorn is an unincorporated community in eastern Texas County, Missouri, United States. The community is located on Missouri Route KK, approximately six miles north of Summersville and fifteen miles east of Houston.

A post office called Hartshorn has been in operation since 1891. Hartshorn Cole, an early postmaster, gave the community his first name.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Muramatsu Domain
Muramatsu Domain (村松藩, Muramatsu-han) was a tozama feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan.  It was located in Echigo Province, Honshū. The domain was centered at Muramatsu Jin'ya (later renamed Muramatsu Castle), located in what is now part of the city of Gosen in Niigata Prefecture.

Government of Meiji Japan
The Government of Meiji Japan (明治政府, Meiji seifu) was the government that was formed by politicians of the Satsuma Domain and Chōshū Domain in the 1860s. The Meiji government was the early government of the Empire of Japan.

Politicians of the Meiji government were known as the Meiji oligarchy, who overthrew the Tokugawa shogunate.
Kremenchuk Airport
Kremenchuk (Velyka Kokhnivka) Airport (Ukrainian: Аеропорт «Кременчук», Russian: Аэропорт «Кременчуг») (IATA: KHU, ICAO: UKHK) is an airport in the Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. It is located at 5 km in the North-East of the Kremenchuk city.

In the 1990s, part of the airfield was transferred to a private company. Now it is used as a fuel and lubricants warehouse. Today, the airfield in Velyka Kokhnivka accepts helicopters and small airplanes An-24 and Yak-40."

Poltava Oblast
Poltava Oblast (Ukrainian: Полтавська область, romanized: Poltavska oblast), also referred to as Poltavshchyna (Ukrainian: Полтавщина), is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Poltava. Most of its territory was part of the southern regions of the Cossack Hetmanate. Population: 1,352,283 (2022 estimate).

Three other important cities in the oblast are Horishni Plavni, Kremenchuk, and Lubny.
Crown Convention Center
Crown Convention Center is an indoor arena in Nha Trang, Khánh Hòa, Vietnam. It is the third biggest Convention Center on Southeast Asia, placed after the Sentul International Convention Center  in Indonesia, with an arena of 1,500 square meters (16,000 sq ft), and was built in 2008. The Diamond Bay or the Nha Trang Tourism and Entertainment Area is 14 km (8.7 mi) away from the centre of the Nha Trang city. The 7,500-seat center is equipped with an audio and lightning system imported from the United States. The venue was opened in July 2008 to host the Miss Universe of that year.

Sentul International Convention Center
Sentul International Convention Center or the SICC is a commercial conference hall in the residential area of Sentul City, Babakan Madang, Bogor Regency, West Java, right on the side of the Jagorawi highway. Initially the building was known as Bukit Sentul Convention Center (BSCC), then Sentul City Convention Center (SCCC). The Sentul International Convention Center (SICC) name has been used since May 2009.
Neo Geo X
The Neo Geo X (NGX) is a hybrid video game console manufactured by Tommo, licensed by SNK Playmore and released on December 18, 2012. It features games that were popular on the original Neo Geo hardware and comes built-in with 20 original Neo Geo games, with additional titles available on game cards.

It was released as part of a bundle called the "Neo Geo X Gold Limited Edition", which included a docking station, an arcade stick, and a bonus game card. The docking station is modeled after the original Neo Geo AES console and is used for charging the handheld as well as connecting it to a television. The arcade stick is a replica of the original Neo Geo AES arcade stick that can be used as a controller when the handheld is connected to a TV through the docking station.

Memory card
A memory card is an electronic data storage device used for storing digital information, typically using flash memory. These are commonly used in digital portable electronic devices, such as digital cameras as well as in many early games consoles such as the Neo Geo. They allow adding memory to such devices using a card in a socket instead of protruding USB flash drives.

Common types of flash memory card include SD cards (including microSD), Sony's Memory Stick and CompactFlash. As of 2024, SD cards are the most common type of memory cards.
Félix-Alexandre Desruelles
Félix-Alexandre Desruelles was a French sculptor who was born in Valenciennes in 1865. He was runner up for the Prix de Rome in 1891, won the Prix national des Salons in 1897 and a gold medal at l'Exposition Universelle in 1900. He died in La Flèche in 1943. He was a member of the Institut de France and of the Académie des Beaux-Arts.

La Flèche
La Flèche (French pronunciation: [la flɛʃ] ⓘ) is a town and commune in the French department of Sarthe, in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire Valley. It is the sub-prefecture of the South-Sarthe, the chief district and the chief city of a canton, and the second most populous city of the department. The city is part of the community of communes of the Pays La Flèche. The inhabitants of the town are called Fléchois.

The Prytanée National Militaire is located in La Flèche.
PHY-Level Collision Avoidance
PHY-Level Collision Avoidance (PLCA) is a component of the Ethernet reconciliation sublayer (between the PHY and the MAC) defined within IEEE 802.3 clause 148. The purpose of PLCA is to avoid the shared medium collisions and associated retransmission overhead. PLCA is used in 802.3cg (10BASE-T1S), which focuses on bringing Ethernet connectivity to short-haul embedded internet of things and low throughput, noise-tolerant, industrial deployment use cases.

In order for a multidrop 10BASE-T1S standard to successfully compete with CAN XL, some kind of arbitration was necessary. The linear arbitration scheme of PLCA somewhat resembles that of the Byteflight, but PLCA was designed from scratch to accommodate the existing shared medium Ethernet MACs with their busy sensing mechanisms.

IEEE 802.3
IEEE 802.3 is a working group and a collection of standards defining the physical layer and data link layer's media access control (MAC) of wired Ethernet. The standards are produced by the working group of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). This set of standards generally applies to local area networks (LANs) and has some wide area network (WAN) applications. Physical connections are made between network nodes and, usually, various network infrastructure devices (hubs, switches, routers) by various types of copper cables or optical fiber.

802.3 standards support the IEEE 802.1 network architecture.

802.3 also defines a LAN access method using carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD).
Arnaud Martinez
Arnaud Martinez (born 24 February 1976) is a French former rugby union international.

Martinez, a prop from Cuxac-d'Aude in southern France, played his club rugby for RC Narbonne. He was a member of the RC Narbonne team which lost the 2000–01 European Challenge Cup final to Harlequins.

Capped twice for France, Martinez debuted on the 2002 tour of Australia, where he played in the first of two Tests, at Docklands Stadium in Melbourne. His only other Test appearance came against Canada in Toronto in 2004.

RC Narbonne
Racing Club de Narbonne Méditerannée (also known as RCNM) is a French rugby union club that play in the third-level Nationale.

They are based in Narbonne in the Aude département of Occitania. They were founded in 1907. They play at Parc des Sports Et de l'Amitié (capacity 12,000). They wear orange and black.
Neonatal heel prick
The neonatal heel prick is a blood-collection procedure done on newborns. It consists of making a pinprick puncture in one heel of the newborn to collect their blood. This technique is used frequently as the main way to collect blood from neonates.  Other techniques include venous or arterial needle sticks, cord blood sampling, or umbilical line collection. This technique is often used for the Guthrie test, where it is used to soak the blood into pre-printed collection cards known as Guthrie cards.

The classical Guthrie test is named after Robert Guthrie, an American bacteriologist and physician who devised it in 1962. The test has been widely used in North America and Europe as one of the core newborn screening tests since the late 1960s. The test was initially a bacterial inhibition assay, but is gradually being replaced in many areas by newer techniques such as tandem mass spectrometry that can detect a wider variety of congenital diseases.

Artery
An artery (from Greek  ἀρτηρία (artēríā)) is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body. Exceptions that carry deoxygenated blood are the pulmonary arteries in the pulmonary circulation that carry blood to the lungs for oxygenation, and the umbilical arteries in the fetal circulation that carry deoxygenated blood to the placenta. It consists of a multi-layered artery wall wrapped into a tube-shaped channel.

Arteries contrast with veins, which carry deoxygenated blood back towards the heart; or in the pulmonary and fetal circulations carry oxygenated blood to the lungs and fetus respectively.
Tadeusz Łopalewski
Tadeusz Łopalewski (August 17, 1900 in Ostrowce, near Kutno – March 29, 1979) was a Polish poet, prose writer, dramatist and translator of Russian literature and producer of many radio programs.

Łopalewski finished his studies in the Humanities Department of the Flying University in Warsaw. In 1917 his first poems were published in a Polish newspaper in St. Petersburg. In 1921 he published his first volume of poetry, "Gwiazdy tańczące" (Dancing stars). From 1923 he lived in Wilno where he worked for the newspapers, in theater and in radio. Between 1935 and 1937 he was the editor of the quarterly "Środy Literackie" (Literary Wednesdays). Before World War II he was the director of the literary Town Theater in Wilno, and also the director of the Wilno radio station. Between 1945 and 1949 he worked for radio stations in Lodz and Warsaw.

In 1933 he received the "Filomat" Award for his translations of Russian bylinas into Polish.

Bylina
A bylina (Russian: былина, IPA: [bɨˈlʲinə]; pl. былины, byliny), also popularly known as a starina (Russian: старина), is a type of Russian oral epic poem.

Byliny deal with all periods of Russian history. Byliny narratives are loosely based on historical fact, but greatly embellished with fantasy or hyperbole. Byliny originate from the times of Kievan Rus', but had only survived in northern Russia by the time they were collected.

In a strict academic sense, byliny can be defined as a specific verse meter known from certain Russian sung epics, ballads and humorous songs.
Jörgen Lindström
Carl Jörgen Lindström (born May 19, 1951 in Nacka, Sweden) is a Swedish former child actor.

Having been born in 1951, he was a child when director Ingmar Bergman cast him in a prominent role in his 1963 film The Silence. His character of Johan has been described as representing the one who perceives. Bergman cast him once again in his 1966 psychological drama Persona.

Lindström also played child roles in other films, but in adulthood ceased acting and moved into a career in a film laboratory. Author David Thomson expressed uncertainty as to his whereabouts by 2015.

Nacka
Nacka (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈnâkːa] ⓘ) is the municipal seat of Nacka Municipality and part of Stockholm urban area in Sweden. The municipality's name harks back to a 16th-century industrial operation established by the Crown at Nacka farmstead where conditions for water mills are good. However, and somewhat confusingly, that spot is not densely populated today and the municipal seat is on land that once belonged to Järla farmstead on the other side of Lake Järla.
Number 1's (Prince Royce album)
#1's is the first compilation album by American singer Prince Royce; it was released on November 19, 2012, by Top Stop Music.
The album, mostly a collection of Royce's hits thus far, contains tracks from his first two studio albums, Prince Royce (2010) and Phase II (2012).

The release debuted and peaked at number three on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart in the United States. Among the tracks included on the album are the US Latin and Tropical songs charts hit singles "Stand by Me", "Corazón Sin Cara", "Las Cosas Pequeñas", "Incondicional", and "Te Me Vas". #1's was eventually certified Platinum (Latin field) by Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in the US for certified units of at least 60,000. The album was later nominated for Tropical Album of the Year at the 2014 Latin Billboard Music Awards.

Latin music
Latin music (Portuguese and Spanish: música latina) is a term used by the music industry as a catch-all category for various styles of music from Ibero-America, which encompasses Latin America, Spain, Portugal, and the Latino population in Canada and the United States, as well as music that is sung in either Spanish or Portuguese. It may also include music from other territories where Spanish- and Portuguese-language music is made.
1973 Icelandic Cup
The 1973 Icelandic Cup was the 14th edition of the National Football Cup.

It took place between 13 June 1973 and 13 September 1973, with the final played at Laugardalsvöllur in Reykjavík. The cup was important, as winners qualified for the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (if a club won both the league and the cup, the defeated finalists would take their place in the Cup Winners' Cup).

Clubs from the 1. Deild entered in the last 16, with clubs from lower tiers entering in the three preliminary rounds. Teams played one-legged matches. In case of a draw, the match was replayed at the opposition's ground.

Fram Reykjavík won their second Icelandic Cup, beating Keflavík in the final. The club therefore qualified for Europe.

Knattspyrnudeild Keflavík
Knattspyrnudeild Keflavíkur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰnahtˌspɪ(r)tnʏˌteilt ˈcʰɛplaˌviːk], lit. 'Keflavík Football (Sub)Division') is an Icelandic football team, commonly known as Keflavík.  It is a subdivision of Keflavík ÍF (Keflavík, íþrótta- og ungmennafélag), based in the town of Reykjanesbær in Iceland. They play at Nettó-völlur in Keflavík.
Chris Felix
Christopher Robin Felix (born May 27, 1964) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played junior for the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds and was the team's captain in the 1984–85 season. He played for 35 games in the National Hockey League with the Washington Capitals from 1988 to 1990, who signed him as a free agent in 1988. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1985 to 2002, was spent in the minor leagues and in European leagues. Internationally Felix played for the Canadian national team at the 1988 Winter Olympics. In six games, he scored one goal and two assists as Canada finished fourth overall. He later played 11 more seasons in Austria, Switzerland, Germany and the minor leagues. He also played in three Spengler Cups.

Ice hockey at the 1988 Winter Olympics
The men's ice hockey tournament at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, was the 16th Olympic Championship. The Soviet Union won its seventh gold medal. The silver medal was won by Finland, marking its first ever Olympic ice hockey medal. Sweden won the bronze medal. Games were held in the Olympic Saddledome, the Stampede Corral, and Father David Bauer Olympic Arena. This is so far the only Olympic tournament held on North American soil that was not won by either Canada or United States.

The IIHF did not run a championship in Olympic years at this time. Nations that did not participate in the Calgary Olympics were invited to compete in the final Thayer Tutt Trophy.
Gerardo Chowell
Gerardo Chowell is professor of mathematical epidemiology and works at the Department of Population Health Sciences in the School of Public Health at Georgia State University. He grew up in Colima, Mexico, where he became interested in mathematics as a child. He graduated from the University of Colima in 2001 before beginning the summer program at Cornell University's Mathematical and Theoretical Biology Institute. He later decided to enroll in the Ph.D. program at Cornell, which he completed in 2005 under the supervision of Carlos Castillo-Chavez.

Colima (city)
Colima (Spanish pronunciation: [koˈlima]), located in west−central Mexico, is the capital of the state of the same name and the seat of the municipality of the same name. It is the easternmost and second-largest municipality of Colima, behind Manzanillo. It is located near the Colima volcano, which divides the state from Jalisco. The city of Colima is part of the Colima metropolitan area which also includes Villa de Álvarez and other municipalities.

In 2011, FDI Intelligence, a subsidiary of the Financial Times of London, ranked Colima first in small cities and tenth in Latin America as a place to live. It was evaluated under six categories: economic potential, human resources, cost-benefit ratio, quality of life, infrastructure and favorable business environment. In 2022, however, Colima was ranked as the murder capital of the world with a homicide rate of 182 per 100,000.
Durham Downs Station
Durham Downs Station, most commonly known as Durham Downs, is a pastoral lease that operates as a cattle station in Durham, Shire of Bulloo in South West Queensland, Australia. The property is situated in a remote and arid location along Cooper Creek, where it often experiences drought and floods.  It was originally established in the 1870s and belongs to S. Kidman & Co, which since 2016 has been owned by Gina Rinehart.

Pastoral lease
A pastoral lease, sometimes called a pastoral run, is an arrangement used in both Australia and New Zealand where government-owned Crown land is leased out to graziers for the purpose of livestock grazing on rangelands.
Family tree of Welsh monarchs
This is the family tree of the kings of the respective Welsh medieval kingdoms of Gwynedd, Deheubarth and Powys, and some of their more prominent relatives and heirs as the direct male line descendants of Cunedda Wledig of Gwynedd (401 – 1283), and Gwrtheyrn  of Powys (c. 5th century – 1160), then also the separate Welsh kingdoms and petty kingdoms, and  then eventually Powys Fadog until the 15th century and also the family of the Tudors of Penmynydd. However, the early generations of these genealogies are traditional, and their historical accuracy is debated by scholars.

Northern Powys (medieval)
Northern Powys, or Powys Fadog (Welsh for 'Madog's Powys'), was the northern portion of the Kingdom of Powys following that kingdom's dissolution in 1160. The lords of northern Powys had their royal seat at Castell Dinas Brân and their religious center at Valle Crucis Abbey. Some of its lordships included those of Maelor, Mochnant, Glyndyfrdwy, Yale, and Bromfield and Yale.

Following the division of Powys, their cousin branch, the princes of Powys Wenwynwyn, had their seat at Powis Castle. The principality's first prince was Gruffydd Maelor I, and its last sovereign prince was Madog II ap Gruffydd, following the Conquest of Wales by king Edward Longshanks.
Michele Val Jean
Michele Val Jean (b. September 1951) is an American television writer and producer, best-known for her work on daytime soap operas. Val Jean has written more than 2,000 episodes of daytime soap operas and won seven Daytime Emmy Awards and five Writers Guild of America Awards.

Jake and the Fatman
Jake and the Fatman is an American crime drama legal drama television series starring William Conrad as prosecutor J. L. (Jason Lochinvar) "Fatman" McCabe and Joe Penny as investigator Jake Styles. Created by Dean Hargrove and Joel Steiger, the series ran on CBS for five seasons from September 26, 1987, to May 6, 1992.

Diagnosis: Murder, which aired from 1993 to 2001, was a medical-oriented spin-off of Jake and the Fatman that came to be a popular series of its own.
Ouvrage Lembach
Ouvrage Lembach is a petit ouvrage of the Maginot Line.  Lembach is adjoined by petit ouvrage Grand Hohekirkel at some distance to its west and gros ouvrage Four-à-Chaux immediately to its east. It faces the German frontier, and was part of the Fortified Sector of the Vosges. During the Battle of France in 1940, the German 215th Infantry Division broke through the line of smaller fortifications to the west of Lembach, but did not directly attack. After aerial bombardments, Lembach surrendered with the rest of the Maginot fortifications according to the terms of the Second Armistice at Compiègne. After the war Lembach was renovated for further use, but was abandoned by the 1970s.

AC 47 anti-tank gun
The AC 47 was a French anti-tank gun of 47 mm calibre.  It was principally used in the ouvrages and casemates of the Maginot Line in the late 1930s; another version was created for naval use. AC stands for anti-char, char being French for "tank".

The AC 47 was principally used as a defensive weapon, since its portability was intentionally limited to prevent the weapon from being turned on defending troops if a fortification was captured.