hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dmenin
Dmenin [ˈdmɛnin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kodrąb, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Radomsko and 80 km (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko County
Radomsko County (Polish: powiat radomszczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Radomsko, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Przedbórz, lying 31 km (19 mi) east of Radomsko, and Kamieńsk, 16 km (10 mi) north of Radomsko.

The county covers an area of 1,442.78 square kilometres (557.1 sq mi). As of 2006, it had a population of 118,856, out of which the population of Radomsko was 49,152, that of Przedbórz was 3,758, that of Kamieńsk was 2,858, and the rural population was 63,088.
Altaysky (rural locality)
Altaysky (Russian: Алта́йский; masculine), Altayskaya (Алта́йская; feminine), or Altayskoye (Алта́йское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Altayskoye, Altaysky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Altaysky District of Altai Krai

Altayskoye, Tabunsky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Tabunsky District of Altai Krai

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Nashville Sessions: Live at Bridgestone Arena Studios
Nashville Sessions: Live at Bridgestone Arena Studios is a live-in-the-studio album by Tav Falco Panther Burns. The album is the official release of a session recorded at Bridgestone Arena Studios in Nashville during the band's 2022 US Tour and broadcast by satellite radio station Sirius XM Outlaw Country later the same year. The recording session features a wide variety of tracks spanning much of band frontman Tav Falco's career, along with the debut recording of Falco's rendition of "Treat Me Nice", which was previously recorded by Elvis Presley. Nashville Sessions was released by Org Music in 2023 on digital and vinyl editions to positive reviews, and was followed by yet another US tour in 2023 called the "Ride the Snake Tour".

Satellite radio
Satellite radio is defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)'s ITU Radio Regulations (RR) as a broadcasting-satellite service. The satellite's signals are broadcast across a much wider geographical area than terrestrial radio stations, and the service is primarily intended for the occupants of motor vehicles. It is available by subscription, mostly commercial free, and offers subscribers more stations and a wider variety of programming options than terrestrial radio.

Satellite radio technology was inducted into the Space Foundation Space Technology Hall of Fame in 2002. Satellite radio uses the 2.3 GHz S band in North America for nationwide digital radio broadcasting. In other parts of the world, satellite radio uses the 1.4 GHz L band formerly allocated for DAB.
Salinas (Castrillón)
Salinas is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Castrillón, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 4,635 (INE 2006).

Salinas is a seaside resort and is the second most populated municipality behind Piedrasblancas, which is located just 2 km away.

It has one of the longest beaches in Asturias, which is divided into 3 parts: Salinas, L'Espartal and San Xuan.

Salinas is visited by hundreds of tourists every year. Most of them come from Madrid, seeking a cooler summer.

Piedrasblancas
Piedrasblancas is the capital town of the municipality of Castrillón, in the province of Asturias, Spain. It is 5 km (3 mi) west of Avilés, 32 km (20 mi) west of Gijón, 40 km (25 mi) northwest of Oviedo and 6 km (4 mi) east of Asturias Airport.

Piedrasblancas is a singular entity of population and has the title of Villa.
Me and the Boys (album)
Me and the Boys is the thirteenth studio album by Charlie Daniels and the tenth as the Charlie Daniels Band released in 1985.

The album contains three cover songs.  "Me and the Boys" was previously released earlier in 1985 as a Canadian single by the songwriter, Matt Minglewood, for his subsequent album of the same name. "Still Hurtin' Me" is a cover of Brian Cadd's June 1985 Australian single of the same name from his album, No Stone Unturned.  "Talking to the Moon" is a cover of Don Henley's song from his 1982 album, I Can't Stand Still.

I Can't Stand Still
I Can't Stand Still is the debut solo studio album by American musician Don Henley, drummer and co-lead vocalist for the Eagles. It was released in August 1982 by Asylum Records. Henley, Danny Kortchmar and Greg Ladanyi produced the album. I Can't Stand Still achieved gold status, and peaked at No. 24 on the Billboard 200 and at the same position on the UK Albums Chart. Three singles were released from the album, including the hit "Dirty Laundry", which peaked at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 and became Henley's best-selling single. The title track "I Can't Stand Still" reached No. 48 and the track "Johnny Can't Read" reached No. 42 on the charts.

The album showcased some of Henley's frustrations at the time. "Dirty Laundry" displays his disgust with the media and tabloid news coverage, and "Johnny Can't Read," shows his displeasure with the American educational system.
Intellectual property protection of typefaces
Typefaces, fonts, and their glyphs raise intellectual property considerations in copyright, trademark, design patent, and related laws. The copyright status of a typeface and of any font file that describes it digitally varies between jurisdictions. In the United States, the shapes of typefaces are not eligible for copyright but may be protected by design patent (although it is rarely applied for, the first US design patent that was ever awarded was for a typeface). Typefaces can be protected in other countries, including the United Kingdom, Germany, and France, by industrial design protections that are similar to copyright or design patent in that they protect the abstract shapes. Additionally, in the US and some other countries, computer fonts, the digital instantiation of the shapes as vector outlines, may be protected by copyright on the computer code that produces them. The name of a typeface may also be protected as a trademark.

Prejudice (legal term)
Prejudice is a legal term with different meanings, which depend on whether it is used in criminal, civil, or common law. In legal context, prejudice differs from the more common use of the word and so the term has specific technical meanings.

Two of the most common applications of the word are as part of the terms with prejudice and without prejudice. In general, an action taken with prejudice is final. For example, dismissal with prejudice forbids a party to refile the case and might occur because the court finds the alleged facts cannot form a valid claim, or due to  misconduct on the part of the party that filed the claim or criminal complaint, or as the result of an out-of-court agreement or settlement. Dismissal without prejudice (Latin: salvis iuribus, lit. 'with preserved rights') allows the party the option to refile and is often a response to procedural or technical problems with the filing that the party may be able to correct by making a new or amended filing.
America Drinks & Goes Home
"America Drinks & Goes Home" is a song written by Frank Zappa and recorded in November 1966 and released in 1967 on the Mothers of Invention album Absolutely Free.

The song appears in two different versions on the album at the beginning of side 2 under the title "America Drinks" and finishing at the end of side 2 under the title "America Drinks & Goes Home".

In between these songs is a sequence containing "Status Back Baby", "Uncle Bernie's Farm", "Son of Suzy Creamcheese" and "Brown Shoes Don't Make It".  Zappa's title for the entire piece was "Suite No. 2: The M.O.I. American Pageant (2nd in a Series of Underground Oratorios)".  The piece was performed many times during the Mothers of Invention residency at the Garrick Cinema in Greenwich Village in New York City during 1967.

Absolutely Free
Absolutely Free is the second album by American rock band the Mothers of Invention, released on May 26, 1967, by Verve Records. Much like their 1966 debut Freak Out!, the album blends complex musical composition with political and social satire. Its blend of jazz, classical, avant-garde and rock idioms within multi-sectional, suite-like compositions, referred to on the album cover as two “oratorios” (with librettos available by mail order), is seen as an important and influential precursor to progressive rock and rock operas. The band had been augmented since Freak Out! by the addition of woodwinds player Bunk Gardner, keyboardist Don Preston, rhythm guitarist Jim Fielder, and drummer Billy Mundi; Fielder quit the group before the album was released, and his name was removed from the album credits.
Yakuman (video game)
Yakuman is a 1989 Japanese mahjong game developed by Intelligent Systems and published by Nintendo as a launch title for the Game Boy, exclusive to Japan. One of the first four games released for the system, it was also the first to utilize the Game Link Cable for multiplayer functionality.

Japanese mahjong
Japanese mahjong (Japanese: 麻雀, Hepburn: Mājan), also known as riichi mahjong (リーチ麻雀, rīchi mājan), is a variant of mahjong. Japanese mahjong shares the same basic rules as other mahjong variants, but also features a unique set of rules such as riichi (a wager that one's hand will win without being altered further) and the use of dora (randomly selected tiles that will score bonus points). The variant is one of a few styles where discarded tiles are ordered rather than placed in a disorganized pile. This is primarily due to the furiten rule, which takes player discards into account.  The variant has grown in popularity due to anime, manga, and online platforms.
Polyharmonic spline
In applied mathematics, polyharmonic splines are used for function approximation and data interpolation.  They are very useful for interpolating and fitting scattered data in many dimensions. Special cases include thin plate splines and natural cubic splines in one dimension.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
Materazzi
Materazzi (pronounced [mateˈrattsi]) is an Italian surname from Arezzo, Perugia and Lazio in central Italy as well as Salerno in southern Italy, either derived from a place name or originally indicating a mattress maker. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Materazzi (born 1985), Portuguese footballer, nicknamed after Marco

Giuseppe Materazzi (born 1946), Italian football player and manager, Marco's father

Marco Materazzi (born 1973), Italian football player and manager

Nicola Materazzi (1939–2022), Italian mechanical engineer

Riccardo Materazzi (born 1963), Italian middle-distance runner

Province of Perugia
The province of Perugia (Italian: provincia di Perugia) is the larger of the two provinces in the Umbria region of Italy, comprising two-thirds of both the area and population of the region. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The province covered all of Umbria until 1927, when the province of Terni was carved out of its southern third. The province of Perugia has an area of 6,337 km2 and a total population of 636,531 as of 2025, covering about two-thirds of Umbria. It has 59 municipalities.

The province has numerous tourist attractions, especially artistic and historical ones, and is home to the Lake Trasimeno, the largest lake of Central Italy. It is historically the ancestral origin of the Umbri, while later it was a Roman province and then part of the Papal States until the late 19th century.
2007 in British music charts
This is a summary of the year 2007 in British music. It was the first year of digital downloads being fully integrated into the charts, leading to many songs not given physical releases to enter the chart on download sales alone. Leona Lewis had the most successful single of the year with "Bleeding Love", which achieved sales of 787,652 copies. Her album Spirit became the fastest-selling debut album of all time in the UK. Rihanna spent ten weeks at number one with "Umbrella", the longest stay for any artist at number 1 for thirteen years and the second best selling single of the year, and Amy Winehouse had the biggest selling album of the year with Back to Black.

It Won't Be Soon Before Long
It Won't Be Soon Before Long is the second studio album by American pop rock band Maroon 5. It was released on May 16, 2007, by A&M Octone Records, as the follow-up to their debut album, Songs About Jane (2002). The name was inspired by a phrase the band adopted to keep themselves motivated while on their tour.

The album debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200, selling around 430,000 copies in its first week. It is the first to feature drummer Matt Flynn. The band's former drummer, percussionist and background vocalist Ryan Dusick, who officially left the band in 2006 due to serious wrist and shoulder injuries, was credited as the "Musical Director".
Gaming law
Gambling law is the set of rules and regulations that apply to the gaming or gambling industry. Gaming law is not a branch of law in the traditional sense but rather is a collection of several areas of law that include criminal law, regulatory law, constitutional law, administrative law, company law, contract law, and in some jurisdictions, competition law. At common law, gambling requires consideration, chance and prize, legal terms that must be analyzed by gaming lawyers within the context of any gaming operation.

Gaming law is enormously complex. In the United States, it involves federal and state law considerations, and gaming control boards. In Canada, it involves federal and provincial law considerations, in a variety of legal disciplines.

Regulatory law
Regulatory law refers to secondary legislation, including regulations, promulgated by an executive branch agency under a delegation from a legislature; as well as legal issues related to regulatory compliance. It contrasts with statutory law promulgated by the legislative branch, and common law or case law promulgated by the judicial branch.

Regulatory law also refers to the law that governs conduct of administrative agencies (both promulgation of regulations, and adjudication of applications or disputes), and judicial review of agency decisions, usually called administrative law. Administrative law is promulgated by the legislature (and refined by judicial common law) for governing agencies.

The administrative agencies create procedures to regulate applications, licenses, appeals and decision making. In the United States, the Administrative Procedure Act is responsible for all federal agency policies.
Verbeekite
Verbeekite is a rare mineral consisting of palladium diselenide PdSe2. This transition metal dichalcogenide has an unusual monoclinic structure, with pairs of selenium atoms existing as dimers forming layers between palladium atom sheets. Unit cell dimensions are: a = 6.710, b =  4.154, c = 8.914 Å, β = 92.42 °, V = 248.24 Å3. Palladium diselenide has five polymorphs. Verbeekite can be synthesised at 11.5 GPa pressure and 1300 °C.

Monolayer PdSe2 has been predicted as a semiconductor and synthesized as an electronic material.

The mineral was discovered in 2002 from the Musonoi Cu-Co-Mn-U mine (Kolwezi), in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Verbeekite was named after geologist Théodore Verbeek who studied minerals at that mine between 1955 and 1967.

Dimerization
In chemistry, dimerization is the process of joining two identical or similar molecular entities by bonds.  The resulting bonds can be either strong or weak. Many symmetrical chemical species are described as dimers, even when the monomer is unknown or highly unstable.

The term homodimer is used when the two subunits are identical (e.g. A–A) and heterodimer when they are not (e.g. A–B). The reverse of dimerization is often called dissociation. When two oppositely-charged ions associate into dimers, they are referred to as Bjerrum pairs, after Danish chemist Niels Bjerrum.
Carrier grade open framework
Telecommunication portal

Carrier grade open framework (CGOF) is a hardware-independent architecture for the telecommunications industry. CGOF is based on a collection of open standards and is offered as a basis for new solution development. CGOF specifies the functional components needed to create next generation network (NGN) solutions, the relationship of those components to each other, and the interfaces among the components.

Open standard
An open standard is a standard that is openly accessible and usable by anyone. It is also a common prerequisite that open standards use an open license that provides for extensibility. Typically, anybody can participate in their development due to their inherently open nature. There is no single definition, and interpretations vary with usage. Examples of open standards include the GSM, 4G, and 5G standards that allow most modern mobile phones to work world-wide.
Jim Buckley
Jim Buckley (born 27 November 1959) is a former Australian rules footballer and coach who played in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Buckley is 175 cm tall and came from Kyneton.

Buckley debuted with the Carlton Football Club in 1976 and won the Robert Reynolds Trophy, Carlton's best and fairest award, in 1982. He was a premiership player in 1979, 1981 and 1982. In total, Buckley played 164 games for 146 goals between 1976 and 1990.

On 21 June 1983, when he was 23 years old, Buckley collided with a taxi, killing one of the occupants—passenger Peter Cunningham, a 42-year-old bookmaker's clerk—and injuring others. In April 1984, Buckley was acquitted of all charges despite recording a 0.18 blood alcohol content reading, more than double the legal limit at the time (and more than 3.5 times the current limit of 0.05).

Buckley's only son, Dylan, was recruited to Carlton under the father–son rule after the 2011 AFL season.

1981 VFL grand final
The 1981 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the   Carlton Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on  26 September 1981. It was the 85th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1981 VFL season. The match, attended by 112,964 spectators, was won by Carlton by a margin of 20 points, marking that club's 13th premiership victory. This match as of 2025 is the last one where these two great rivals clashed in a grand final.
Shi Yinguang
Shi Yinguang (Chinese: 釋印光; pinyin: Shì Yìnguāng; 11 January 1862 – 2 December 1940), or Yinguang for short, was a Chinese Buddhist monk and considered the Thirteenth Patriarch of the Pure Land tradition.  Yinguang lived during the rapid societal changes of the Republic of China, and is credited as a leader in the modern Buddhist revival movement. Yinguang promoted traditional Pure Land practices, such as reciting the nianfo, in a way that resonated with modern society. In Chinese Buddhist tradition, he is also widely regarded as an emanation of the Bodhisattva Mahāsthāmaprāpta.

Mount Putuo
Mount Putuo (Chinese: 普陀山; pinyin: Pǔtuó Shān, from Sanskrit: "Mount Potalaka") is an island in Putuo District, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China. It is a renowned site in Chinese Buddhism and is the bodhimaṇḍa of the bodhisattva Guanyin.

Mount Putuo is one of the four sacred mountains in Chinese Buddhism, the others being Mount Wutai, Mount Jiuhua, and Mount Emei (bodhimaṇḍas for Manjushri, Kṣitigarbha, and Samantabhadra, respectively).

Mount Putuo lies in the East China Sea and incorporates the beauty of both mountain and sea. Mountain Putuo is at 29°58′3～30°02′3 north latitude, 122°21′6～122°24′9 east longitude. Its area is approximately 12.5 square kilometres (4.8 sq mi) and there are numerous famous temples. Every year on the 19th day of the 2nd lunar month, 19th day of the 6th lunar month, and 19th day of the 9th lunar month of the Chinese calendar, it welcomes millions of people for the celebration of the birth of Guanyin.
Mexico's Next Top Model season 1
Season one of Mexico's Next Top Model, the Mexican adaptation of Tyra Banks' America's Next Top Model, aired on Sony Entertainment Television from October 1 to December 17 2009. The show was hosted by Mexican model Elsa Benítez, with a judging panel composed of photographer Allan Fis, TV personality Jo Lance, and former model Glenda Reyna.

The prizes for this season included a US$100,000 contract with Shock Modeling, a cover feature and an editorial spread in Glamour magazine, and trips to San Francisco and London sponsored by Sedal.

The winner of the competition was 18-year-old Mariana Bayón from Coahuila.

Wilhelmina Models
Wilhelmina International Inc. (NASDAQ: WHLM), formerly Wilhelmina Models, is a modeling and talent agency headquartered in New York City, US. The company also has offices in Los Angeles, Miami and London. Founded in 1967 by Wilhelmina Cooper, it provides representation and management to models, entertainers, artists, musicians, and athletes. In 2009, the company became the first and only publicly traded modeling and talent agency after its acquisition by New Century Equity Holdings Corp.
Brookland Wood
Brookland Wood is a 10.9-hectare (27-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Tunbridge Wells in Kent.

This site has diverse types of woodland and ground flora. Alder is dominant in wet areas and hazel, ash and field maple in drier ones. Small streams have a variety of mosses and liverworts.

A public footpath goes through the wood.

Fraxinus excelsior
Fraxinus excelsior, known as the ash, or European ash or common ash to distinguish it from other types of ash, is a flowering plant species in the olive family Oleaceae. It is native throughout mainland Europe east to the Caucasus and Alborz mountains, and west to Great Britain and Ireland, the latter determining its western boundary. The northernmost location is in the Trondheimsfjord region of Norway. The species is widely cultivated and reportedly naturalised in New Zealand and in scattered locales in the United States and Canada. The wood has many uses as it is flexible, workable, strong and lightweight.