hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alan Fletcher (graphic designer)
Alan Gerard Fletcher (27 September 1931 – 21 September 2006) was a British graphic designer and one of the founders of the design studio Pentagram. In his obituary, he was described by The Daily Telegraph as "the most highly regarded graphic designer of his generation, and probably one of the most prolific". Fletcher was noted for use of bold colors and a humorous graphic approach to advertising and branding.

Born in Nairobi, Kenya, Fletcher moved to England at age five, and studied at four art schools: Hammersmith School of Art, Central School of Art, Royal College of Art (1953–1956) and lastly Yale School of Art and Architecture at Yale University in 1956.

West London
West London is the western part of London, England, north of the River Thames, west of the City of London, and extending to the Greater London boundary.

The term is used to differentiate the area from the other parts of London: Central London, North London, East London and South London. West London was part of the historic county of Middlesex.
Betavexity
In investment analysis, betavexity is a form of convexity that is specific to the beta coefficient of a long tailed investment (i.e. mortality risk).  It is similar in nature to bond convexity or gamma that are exhibited in financial products such as bonds or options but is specific to portfolios replicating indices of shorter maturities.

Bond convexity
In finance, bond convexity is a measure of the non-linear relationship of  bond prices to changes in interest rates, and is defined as the second derivative of the price of the bond with respect to interest rates (duration is the first derivative). In general, the higher the duration, the more sensitive the bond price is to the change in interest rates. Bond convexity is one of the most basic and widely used forms of convexity in finance. Convexity was based on the work of Hon-Fei Lai and popularized by Stanley Diller.
Douglas Hofstadter
Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born 15 February 1945) is an American cognitive and computer scientist whose research includes concepts such as the sense of self in relation to the external world, consciousness, analogy-making, strange loops, ambigrams, artificial intelligence, and discovery in mathematics and physics. His 1979 book Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid won the Pulitzer Prize for general nonfiction, and a National Book Award (at that time called The American Book Award) for Science. His 2007 book I Am a Strange Loop won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Science and Technology.

Walter Veltroni
Walter Veltroni OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [ˈvalter velˈtroːni]; born 3 July 1955) is an Italian writer, film director, journalist and politician. He served as the first leader of the Democratic Party within the Italian centre-left opposition until his resignation on 17 February 2009. He also served as mayor of Rome from June 2001 to February 2008.
Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County
Ruyuan (postal: Yuyuan; Chinese: 乳源; pinyin: Rǔyuán; Jyutping: jyu5 jyun4 jyun6), officially Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, is a county of northern Guangdong province, China, with a small border with Hunan to the northwest. It is under the administration of Shaoguan City. It is one of Guangdong's three autonomous counties.

Autonomous county
Autonomous counties (Chinese: 自治县) and autonomous banners (Chinese: 自治旗) are county-level autonomous administrative divisions of China. Autonomous counties tend to have a large number of ethnic minority citizens compared to ordinary counties (if not an outright majority), or are the historic home of a significant minority population.

There are 117 autonomous counties and three autonomous banners. The latter are found in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the former are found everywhere else.
Mike Scott (Scottish musician)
Michael Scott (born 14 December 1958) is a Scottish singer, songwriter, and musician. He is the founding member, lead singer, guitarist, songwriter and only constant member of rock band The Waterboys. He has also produced two solo albums, Bring 'Em All In and Still Burning. Scott is a vocalist, guitarist and pianist, and has played a large range of other instruments, including the bouzouki, drums, and Hammond organ on his albums. Scott is also a published writer, having released his autobiography, Adventures of a Waterboy, in 2012.

Having begun a musical career in the 1970s, Scott has been making music professionally since the 1980s and is well known for his radical changes in music genres throughout what he refers to as his "allegedly unorthodox" career. Scott lives in Dublin, Ireland.

Music genre
A music genre is a conventional category that identifies some pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions. Genre is to be distinguished from musical form and musical style, although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.

Music can be divided into genres in numerous ways, sometimes broadly and with polarity, e.g., popular music as opposed to art music or folk music, or, as another example, religious music and secular music. Often, however, classification draws on the proliferation of derivative subgenres, fusion genres, and microgenres that has started to accrue, e.g., screamo, country pop, and mumble rap, respectively. The artistic nature of music means that these classifications are often subjective and controversial, and some may overlap. As genres evolve, novel music is sometimes lumped into existing categories.
Israel and state-sponsored terrorism
The State of Israel has been accused of engaging in state-sponsored terrorism, as well as committing acts of state terrorism on a daily basis in the Palestinian territories. Countries that have condemned Israel's role as a perpetrator of state-sponsored terrorism or state terrorism include Bolivia, Iran, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, and Yemen.

An early example of Israeli state-sponsored terrorism was the 1954 Lavon Affair, a botched bomb plot in Egypt that led to the resignation of the Israeli defense minister at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, Israel was also a major supplier of arms to dictatorial regimes in South America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia. In the 21st-century, it has been accused of sponsoring and supporting several terrorist groups as part of its Iran–Israel proxy conflict.

Mossad
The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations (Hebrew: המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים, romanized: ha-Mosád le-Modiʿín u-le-Tafkidím Meyuḥadím), popularly known as Mossad (UK: /ˈmɒsæd/ MOSS-ad, US: /moʊˈsɑːd/ moh-SAHD), is the national intelligence agency of the State of Israel. It is one of the main entities in the Israeli Intelligence Community, along with Aman (military intelligence) and Shin Bet (internal security).

Mossad is responsible for intelligence collection, covert operations, and counter-terrorism. Its director answers directly and only to the prime minister. Its annual budget is estimated to be around ₪10 billion (US$2.73 billion), and it is estimated that it employs around 7,000 people, making it one of the world's largest espionage agencies. The organization has orchestrated many assassination plots across a variety of locations.
Lukkien Heliport
Lukkien Heliport or Ede heliport is a small private heliport on top of the office building of Lukkien, a Dutch producer of marketing communication services (advertising). It is located in the middle of the country alongside the A12 motorway just south-west of Ede, The Netherlands.

As it is a private facility, explicit permission is needed to use the heliport. The main user of the facility is the owner to ferry clients to and from Amsterdam Schiphol Airport or other locations.

A12 motorway (Netherlands)
The A12 motorway is a motorway in the Netherlands. The road connects the city of The Hague with the German border, near Zevenaar, and the German Autobahn BAB 3. On its way, it crosses three Dutch provinces: South Holland, Utrecht, and Gelderland.
Rafsan Al Mahmud
Rafsan Al Mahmud is a Bangladeshi cricketer. He made his List A debut for Khelaghar Samaj Kallyan Samity in the 2016–17 Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League on 15 May 2017. He made his first-class debut for Barisal Division in the 2017–18 National Cricket League on 16 September 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Khelaghar Samaj Kallyan Samity in the 2018–19 Dhaka Premier Division Twenty20 Cricket League on 25 February 2019.

Barisal Division cricket team
The Barisal Division cricket team or Barisal Blazers is a Bangladeshi first-class team representing the Barisal Division, one of the eight administrative regions in Bangladesh. The team competes in the National Cricket League and was formerly a participant in the now-defunct National Cricket League One-Day. In the short-lived National Cricket League Twenty20 competition, played in the 2009–10 season only, Barisal played in their official green and black colors. The equivalent team in the Bangladesh Premier League (BPL) is the Fortune Barishal.

Barisal's home ground is the Barisal Divisional Stadium, also known as the Abdur Rab Serniabad Stadium, which has a 30,000 capacity. They have only won one competition in their history, the 2008–09 National Cricket League One-Day.
Don't Shoot (The Game song)
"Don't Shoot" is a single by American rapper the Game featuring Rick Ross, 2 Chainz, Diddy, Fabolous, Wale, DJ Khaled, Swizz Beatz, Yo Gotti, Currensy, Problem, King Pharoah and recording group TGT performing the chorus. The Game's daughter also joins in at the end but is uncredited. The song is a tribute to Michael Brown.

JasonMartin
Jason L. Martin (born May 8, 1985; stylized as JasonMartin), formerly known by the stage name Problem, is a German-born American rapper from Compton, California. He is best known for his guest appearance on Rich Homie Quan's 2014 single "Walk Thru", which entered the Billboard Hot 100 and received received platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Prior, he appeared on E-40's 2012 single, "Function", and Childish Gambino's 2013 single, "Sweatpants", both of which received gold certifications by the RIAA and entered the Bubbling Under Hot 100. His 2013 single, "Like Whaaat" (featuring Bad Lucc), entered the latter chart and preceded his debut extended play, Understand Me (2013).
Iwasa
Iwasa (written: 岩佐, 岩浅 and 岩朝) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ayumu Iwasa (岩佐 歩夢, born 2001), Japanese racing driver

Iwasa Matabei (岩佐 又兵衛, 1578–1650), Japanese artist

Janet Iwasa, American cell biologist and animator

Mayuko Iwasa (岩佐 真悠子, born 1987), Japanese gravure idol

Mihoko Iwasa (岩佐 美帆子, born 2005), Japanese shogi player

Misaki Iwasa (岩佐 美咲, born 1995), Japanese idol and singer

Ryosuke Iwasa (岩佐 亮佑, born 1989), Japanese boxer

Sakutarō Iwasa (岩佐 作太郎, 1879–1967), Japanese anarchist

Shun Iwasa (岩佐 俊, 1888–1969), Japanese general

Taku Iwasa (岩佐 拓, born 1977), Japanese professional wrestler

Yoh Iwasa (巌佐 庸, born 1952), Japanese academic

Ayumu Iwasa
Ayumu Iwasa (Japanese: 岩佐 歩夢, Hepburn: Iwasa Ayumu; Japanese pronunciation: [iɰᵝa̠sa̠ a̠jɯ̟ᵝmɯ̟ᵝ], born 22 September 2001) is a Japanese racing driver who currently competes in the Super Formula Championship for Team Mugen, winning the championship in 2025.

A member of the Honda Formula Dream Project and Red Bull Junior Team, Iwasa previously competed with DAMS in the FIA Formula 2 Championship, earning the Anthoine Hubert Award by finishing fifth overall in 2022 before finishing fourth the following year. He is the 2020 French F4 champion.
Register of Landscapes of Historic Interest in Wales
The Register of Landscapes of Historic Interest in Wales is a non-statutory heritage register of 58 landscapes of outstanding or special historic interest published in two volumes (1998 and 2001). It was produced by a partnership between Cadw, the Countryside Council for Wales, and the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS UK) working in collaboration with the Welsh Archaeological Trusts and several other organisations with the intention of aiding in the protection and conservation of the most important and significant historic landscape areas in Wales.

Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological Trust
The Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological Trust (Welsh: Ymddiriedolaeth Archeolegol Morgannwg-Gwent) was an archaeological organisation established in 1975, until its dissolution in 2024, as part of the merger of the four Welsh Archaeological Trusts, into Heneb.
Shun (song)
"Shun" (旬, "Season") (Japanese pronunciation: [shu͍n]) is a song by Japanese musician Ringo Sheena. It was the leading promotional song for her fourth album Sanmon Gossip. It was digitally released on June 1, 2009, a month before the release of the album and at the same time as Sheena's song "Futari Bocchi Jikan".

Ringo Sheena
Yumiko Shiina (椎名 裕美子, Shiina Yumiko; born November 25, 1978), known by her stage name Ringo Sheena (椎名 林檎, Shiina Ringo), is a Japanese singer, songwriter and musician. She is also the founder and lead vocalist of the band Tokyo Jihen.

She describes herself as "Shinjuku-kei Jisaku-Jien-ya (新宿系自作自演屋, a Shinjuku-style writer-performer)". She was ranked number 36 in a list of Japan's top 100 musicians compiled by HMV in 2003.
Alfred Blumstein
Alfred Blumstein (June 3, 1930 – January 13, 2026) was an American scientist and the J. Erik Jonsson University Professor of Urban Systems and Operations Research at the Heinz College and Department of Engineering and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University. He is known as one of the top researchers in criminology and operations research.

In 1998, Blumstein was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for bringing systems engineering and operations research to the field of criminology.

Carnegie Mellon College of Engineering
40°26′32″N 79°56′47.1″W﻿ / ﻿40.44222°N 79.946417°W﻿ / 40.44222; -79.946417

The Carnegie Mellon University College of Engineering (formerly known as the Carnegie Institute of Technology) is the academic unit that manages engineering research and education at Carnegie Mellon University. The College can trace its origins from Andrew Carnegie's founding of the Carnegie Technical Schools. Today, The College of Engineering has seven departments of study.
K. Kallan
K. Kallan is an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as an Indian National Congress (Indira) candidate from Udagamandalam constituency in 1980 election, and as an Indian National Congress candidate 1984 election.

Udagamandalam Assembly constituency
11°25′N 76°42′E﻿ / ﻿11.41°N 76.70°E﻿ / 11.41; 76.70

Udagamandalam or 'Udhagamandalam' is a state assembly constituency in Tamil Nadu. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 108. It comes under Nilgiris Lok Sabha constituency. The constituency has been in existence since the 1957 election. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India. Elections and winners in the constituency are listed below.
Eli Avidar
Eli Avidar (Hebrew: אֵלִי אֲבִידָר; born 3 December 1964) is a former Israeli politician who founded the Israel Free political party in 2022. Prior to this, he was a member of the Knesset for Yisrael Beiteinu and served as Minister in the Prime Minister's Office from 2021 to 2022.

Before being elected to the Knesset in 2019, Avidar was the president of the fintech start-up Dindex Ltd. and Vice President of the World Jewellery Confederation. He is former Managing Director of the Israel Diamond Institute Group of Companies, the Israel Diamond Exchange, as well as a former senior diplomat in the Israeli Foreign Ministry.

Financial technology
Financial technology (abbreviated as fintech) refers to the application of innovative technologies to products and services in the financial industry. This broad term encompasses a wide array of technological advances in financial services, including mobile banking, online lending platforms, digital payment systems, robo-advisors, and blockchain-based applications such as cryptocurrencies. Financial technology companies include both startups and established technology and financial firms that aim to improve, complement, or replace traditional financial services.
Hollywood Studio Club
The Hollywood Studio Club was a chaperoned dormitory, sometimes referred to as a sorority, for young women involved in the motion picture business from 1916 to 1975. Located in the heart of Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, the Studio Club was run by the YWCA and housed some 10,000 women during its 59-year existence. It was the home at various times to many Hollywood celebrities, including Marilyn Monroe, Ayn Rand, Donna Reed, Kim Novak, Maureen O'Sullivan, Rita Moreno, Barbara Eden, and Sharon Tate. The building was designed in the Italian Renaissance Revival architectural style by noted California architect Julia Morgan, who also designed Hearst Castle. The Studio Club closed in 1975, and the building was used as a YWCA-run Job Corps dormitory until April 30, 2012. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 and remains the property of the YWCA Greater Los Angeles.

Chaperone (social)
A chaperone (also spelled chaperon) in its original social usage was a person who for propriety's sake accompanied an unmarried girl in public; usually she was an older married woman, and most commonly the girl's own mother.

In modern social usage, a chaperon (frequent in British spelling) or chaperone (usual in American spelling) is a responsible adult who accompanies and supervises young people. By extension, the word chaperone is used in clinical contexts.
Tun Abdul Aziz Mosque
The Tun Abdul Aziz Mosque or Masjid Tun Abdul Aziz or also known as Masjid Bulat (Round Mosque) is a mosque in Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. The mosque is located in Section 14 at the junctions between Jalan Semangat and Jalan Dato' Abdul Aziz. The mosque was constructed between 1975 and 1977, and is in the Modernist style. The mosque was officially opened on 31 July 1977 by the Almarhum Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah of Selangor. It was named after Tun Abdul Aziz Abdul Majid, a former Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) of Selangor from 1955 to 1956 and also the first Chief Secretary to the Government from 1957 to 1964 and then Yang di-Pertua Negeri (Governor) of Malacca from 1971 to 1975.

Menteri Besar of Selangor
The Menteri Besar of Selangor, also referred to as the First Minister of Selangor is the head of government in the Malaysian state of Selangor.

The Menteri Besar acts as a majority leader in the Selangor Assembly.

According to convention, the Menteri Besar is the leader of the majority party or largest coalition party of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly.

The 17th and current Menteri Besar of Selangor is Amirudin Shari, who took office on 19 June 2018.
Troilus and Cressida
The Tragedy of Troilus and Cressida, often shortened to Troilus and Cressida (/ˈtrɔɪlʌs ... ˈkrɛsɪdə/ or /ˈtroʊ.ɪlʌs/), is a play by William Shakespeare, probably written in 1602.

At Troy during the Trojan War, Troilus and Cressida begin a love affair. Cressida is forced to leave Troy to join her father in the Greek camp. Meanwhile, the Greeks endeavour to lessen the pride of Achilles.

The tone alternates between bawdy comedy and tragic gloom. Readers and theatre-goers have frequently found it difficult to understand how they are meant to respond to the characters. Frederick S. Boas has labelled it one of Shakespeare's problem plays. It is the subject of lively critical debate.

Quarto
Quarto (abbreviated Qto, 4to or 4º) is the format of a book or pamphlet produced from full sheets printed with eight pages of text, four to a side, then folded twice to produce four leaves. The leaves are then trimmed along the folds to produce eight book pages. Each printed page presents as one-fourth size of the full sheet.

The earliest known European printed book is a quarto, the Sibyllenbuch, believed to have been printed by Johannes Gutenberg in 1452–53, before the Gutenberg Bible, surviving only as a fragment. Quarto is also used as a general description of size of books that are about 12 inches (30 cm) tall, and as such does not necessarily indicate the actual printing format of the books, which may even be unknown, as is the case for many modern books. These terms are discussed in greater detail in book sizes.
Operation Rösselsprung
Rösselsprung (which refers to the Knight's Move in chess) was the code-name given to  two German operations in World War II:

Operation Rösselsprung (1942) The planned attack by Tirpitz and other surface vessels against arctic convoy PQ 17 in 1942

Operation Rösselsprung (1944) The German-led operation to kill or capture Josip Broz Tito at Drvar, Yugoslavia in May 1944

Operation Rösselsprung (1942)
Unternehmen Rösselsprung (Operation Knight's Move) was a plan by the German Navy (Kriegsmarine) to intercept an Arctic convoy in mid-1942. It was the largest operation of its type mounted by the Kriegsmarine and resulted in the near-destruction of Convoy PQ 17. The success of the operation was indirect in that none of the ships in the operation engaged the convoy, its losses being inflicted by U-boats and aircraft. Despite not making contact with the convoy some of the ships of Unternehmen Rösselsprung were damaged and the heavy cruiser Lützow, ran aground in thick fog, needing three months of repairs.
2019 Jiangxi International Women's Tennis Open
The 2019 Jiangxi International Women's Tennis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 6th edition of the event, and part of the International category of the 2019 WTA Tour. It took place in Nanchang, China, from September 9 – 15, 2019.

Monica Niculescu
Monica Niculescu (born 25 September 1987) is a Romanian professional tennis player. She has been ranked by the WTA as high as No. 28 in singles and No. 11 in doubles. She has won three singles and 10 doubles titles on the WTA Tour, one singles and three doubles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour, as well as 19 singles and 22 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

She was ranked within the top 30 for several years in singles. Niculescu entered the Grand Slam doubles final at Wimbledon 2017 tournament, together with Chan Hao-ching. She reached the quarterfinals in doubles in all Grand Slam championships. In WTA 1000 tournaments, she got into three finals (doubles), six semifinals (five in doubles), and 12 quarterfinals (11 in doubles). In singles, her best Grand Slam performance is reaching round four, which she did at the 2011 US Open and 2015 Wimbledon Championships.
Arkansas Highway 399
Arkansas Highway 399 (AR 399, Hwy. 399) is a short north–south highway in southwestern Arkansas. Its southern terminus is at an intersection with U.S. Route 70 Business (US 70 Bus.) in DeQueen. Its northern terminus is at US 70 west of DeQueen.

Little River County, Arkansas
Little River County is a county located on the southwest border of the U.S. state of Arkansas, bordering a corner with Texas and Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,026. The county seat is Ashdown.

Little River County is included in the Texarkana metropolitan area.
2008 Twenty20 Cup
The 2008 Twenty20 Cup was the sixth edition of what would later become the T20 Blast tournament, and saw Middlesex Crusaders winning the tournament after a thrilling climax to the final against the reigning champions, the Kent Spitfires.

The tournament began on 11 June 2008 before culminating in Finals Day, held at The Rose Bowl, Southampton on 26 July. The number of games rose from 79 to 97, as all teams played each other twice in the group stage.

Riverside Ground
The Riverside Ground, known for sponsorship reasons as the Banks Homes Riverside, is a cricket venue in Chester-le-Street, County Durham, England. It is home to Durham County Cricket Club, and has also hosted several international matches.