hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Envelope (radar)
Radar envelope is a critical Measure of Performance (MOP) identified in the Test and Evaluation Master Plan (TEMP). This is the volume of space where a radar system is required to reliably detect an object with a specific size and speed. This is one of the requirements that must be evaluated as part of the acceptance testing process.

Radar systems have natural deficiencies because the laws of physics create performance constraints that cannot be altered. The ambiguity function associated with pulse compression and scalloping associated with moving target indication are two examples.

Complete coverage requires radar at multiple locations and multiple different kinds of radar.

Test and evaluation master plan
Test and evaluation master plan (TEMP) is a critical aspect of project management involving complex systems that must satisfy specification requirements. The TEMP is used to support programmatic events called milestone decisions that separate the individual phases of a project. For military systems, the level of funding determines the Acquisition Category and the organization responsible for the milestone decision.

A traceability matrix is generally used to link items within the TEMP to items within specifications.
Parides ascanius
Parides ascanius, the Fluminense swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is endemic to Brazil where it is confined to the municipalities of Atafona (São João da Barra) and Itaguaí.It is found in subcoastal swamps and thickets ('restinga'). It is a said to be a primitive species, lacking vigour and facing competition from the sympatric Parides zacynthus and Parides anchises nephalion, the two most advanced members of the genus, both strong and aggressive species.
Most of its habitat is threatened and the localities in which it occurs  are scattered. A strikingly beautiful butterfly it is on the Brazilian list of animals threatened with extinction, the first insect so designated.

Restinga
Restingas (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁesˈtʃĩɡɐ]) are a distinct type of coastal tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest in eastern Brazil. They form on sandy, acidic, and nutrient-poor soils, and are characterized by medium-sized trees and shrubs adapted to the drier and nutrient-poor conditions. One of the most notable restingas is the Restinga da Marambaia (in Rio de Janeiro), which is owned and kept by the Brazilian Army.
I Was Feeling Epic
"I Was Feeling Epic" is the series finale of The CW television series The Vampire Diaries, as well as the 16th and last episode of season 8. It is also the 171st episode overall. It originally aired on Friday, March 10, 2017. The episode is written by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec, and directed by Julie Plec. A one-hour retrospective aired before the finale.

Julie Plec
Julie Plec (born May 26, 1972) is an American television producer, writer and director, known for her work on The CW television series The Vampire Diaries (2009–2017) which she co-created with Kevin Williamson, and its spin-offs  The Originals (2013–2018) and Legacies (2018–2022). She also developed the limited series Containment (2016).
Bourj Hammoud massacre
The Bourj Hammoud massacre was an armed robbery that took place in a jewelry shop in the Bourj Hammoud quarter, Lebanon, in 1985. Five people have died as a result; the three perpetrators were arrested by the Lebanese Internal Security Forces and sentenced to death but escaped from prison before they could face execution, and have vanished without trace. They have been spotted 3 decades later, in Vienna capital of Austria, by the families of the victims.

Internal Security Forces
The Internal Security Forces (Arabic: المديرية العامة لقوى الأمن الداخلي, romanized: al-Mudiriyya al-'aamma li-Qiwa al-Amn al-Dakhili; French: Forces de Sécurité Intérieure; abbreviated ISF) are the national police and gendarmerie of Lebanon.

Modern police were established in Lebanon in 1861, with the creation of a gendarmerie force. In April 2005, Ashraf Rifi became head of the ISF, replacing Ali Al Hajj. Rifi then started to recruit younger members to become part of Lebanese Intelligence. His term ended in April 2013, and he was replaced by Roger Salem, and Ibrahim Basbouss subsequently. On March 8, 2017, the Lebanese Cabinet appointed Imad Othman as the ISF director general. He took command the following day.

The number of ISF personnel reached 100,000 by 2000 and grew to over 131,000 by 2013. The ISF National Day in Lebanon is on the 9th of June.
Embassy of Brazil, Moscow
The Embassy of Brazil in Moscow is the diplomatic mission of Brazil to the Russian Federation and to the Republic of Uzbekistan. Since 28 October 1963 the Embassy and the Residence of the Brazilian Ambassador are located at 54 Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street (Russian: ул. Большая Никитская, 54) in the Presnensky District of Moscow.

The main unit in the embassy complex is also known as Lopatina House, built in 1876. Designed by Alexander Kaminsky one of the most important Russian architects between 1860 and 1880, the construction is one of the first and rare examples of civil construction in the city in a pseudo-Russian style, marked by references from traditional Russian culture before the "Peter the Great" era.

From early 2019 until late 2020, due to the restoration of the main building, the Residence of the Brazilian ambassador was temporarily at Tsvetkov's mansion.

Alexander Kaminsky
Alexander Stepanovich Kaminsky (1829–1897, Russian: Александр Степанович Каминский, sometimes spelled Kamensky, Каменский) was a Russian architect working in Moscow and suburbs. One of the most successful and prolific architects of the 1860s–1880s, Kaminsky was a faithful eclecticist, equally skilled in Russian Revival, Neo-Gothic and Renaissance Revival architecture. He is best remembered for the extant Tretyakovsky Proyezd shopping arcade and the cathedral of Nikolo-Ugresh monastery in present-day town of Dzerzhinsky.
Deaths in February 2023
The following is a list of notable deaths in February 2023.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

St. Louis Cardinals (NFL)
From 1960 to 1987, the professional American football team now known as the Arizona Cardinals played in St. Louis, Missouri, as the St. Louis Cardinals.

The team moved from Chicago to St. Louis in 1960, and played their first home game there on October 2 at Busch Stadium against the New York Giants. Their last home game in St. Louis, played at Busch Memorial Stadium on December 13, 1987, was also against the Giants. Their last game as a St. Louis–based club was on December 27, 1987, at the Dallas Cowboys.

During the Cardinals' 28 years in St. Louis, they advanced to the playoffs just four times (1964, 1974, 1975, and 1982), and never hosted a playoff game. Their only postseason win came in the 1964 Playoff Bowl.

Their winning percentage of .481 during their time in St. Louis—187 victories, 202 losses, and 13 ties—is better than those in the other two cities the Cardinals have called home.

The team moved to Tempe, Arizona, in 1988.
Hieronymus Georg Zeuthen
Hieronymus Georg Zeuthen (15 February 1839 – 6 January 1920) was a Danish mathematician. He is known for work on the enumerative geometry of conic sections, algebraic surfaces, and history of mathematics.

Enumerative geometry
In mathematics, enumerative geometry is the branch of algebraic geometry concerned with counting numbers of solutions to geometric questions, mainly by means of intersection theory.

While mathematicians mostly lost interest in the field, popular with the Ancient Greeks and afterward, in the mid-1900s, it has experienced a recent reawakening as methods have been discovered to apply motivic homotopy theory to the problems.
Jhumka regional prison
Jhumka regional prison (Nepali:झुम्का कारागार, Jhumka Karagar) is the largest correction centre in Eastern Nepal. It is located near Jhumka town in Sunsari district. Initially, it had capacity of 500 inmates; it was upgraded in 2014 to accommodate 1500 inmates. The prison has a facility of education and training for the prisoners.

Jhumka
Jhumka is a town in the Sunsari District between Inaruwa and Itahari. It is about 7 kilometeres from the main city of Itahari. Some of the famous landmarks of Jhumka are Jhumka Nahar, Jhumka Park, Pipraha Playground, Miteri Pool, selfi pool, Bamari chowck etc. It is also the gateway to Ramdhuni Mandir, Auliya dham, Chatara and Barahkshetra Mandir. The town is developing. Hiphop is growing rapidly in jhumka and there is some artist JIMDAR, X BLANK, YANDRO They are creating legacy for their city. There are schools, health posts, departmental stores, major banks, and many stores around the town.
Humanist Society Scotland
Humanist Society Scotland is a Scottish registered charity that promotes humanist views and offers humanist wedding, funeral, and baby-naming ceremonies. It is a member of the European Humanist Federation and Humanists International.

In the 21st century, the HSS has grown in tandem with the rapid pace of secularisation in Scotland. Since 2016, it has been the largest provider of weddings in Scotland, performing more marriages each year than the Church of Scotland, Catholic Church in Scotland, or any religious group.

Office of the Scottish Charity Regulator
The Office of the Scottish Charity Regulator (OSCR; Scottish Gaelic: Oifis Riaghladair Carthannais na h-Alba) is a non-ministerial department of the Scottish Government with responsibility for the regulation of charities in Scotland.

OSCR is the independent regulator and registrar for more than 25,000 Scottish charities. OSCR is charged with developing a regulatory framework for Scottish charities, where each charity is clear about its rights and responsibilities. This framework should also foster public confidence in charities. OSCR is directly answerable to the Scottish Parliament. OSCR is based in Dundee.
Manche's 5th constituency
Manche's 5th constituency (French: Cinquième circonscription de la Manche) was a French legislative constituency in the Manche département which existed from 1958 until 2012.

It was abolished in the 2010 redistricting of French legislative constituencies, which reduced the number of constituencies in Manche to 4. The territory of the constituency, in the north of the department, moved to the new 4th constituency. The constituency was based around the city of Cherbourg.

Manche
Manche (/mɒ̃ʃ/; French: [mɑ̃ʃ] ⓘ; Norman: Maunche) is a coastal French department in Normandy on the English Channel, which is known as La Manche, literally "the sleeve", in French. Manche is bordered by Ille-et-Vilaine and Mayenne to the south, Orne and Calvados to the east, the English Channel to the west and north and by sharing maritime borders with the Crown Dependencies of Bailiwick of Jersey and Bailiwick of Guernsey of the United Kingdom to the west. It had a population of 495,045 in 2019.
Nathaniel B. Smithers
Nathaniel Barratt Smithers (October 8, 1818 – January 16, 1896) was an American lawyer and politician from Dover, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Republican Party, and served as U.S. Representative from Delaware.

Kent County, Delaware
Kent County is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of Delaware. As of the 2020 census, the population was 181,851, making it the least populous county in Delaware, but the most populous county in the United States to be the least populous in its state. The county seat is Dover, the state capital of Delaware. It is named for Kent, an English county.

Kent County comprises the Dover metropolitan area, which is included in the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD combined statistical area.
Desești
Desești (Hungarian: Desze, Yiddish: דעסעשט, romanized: Desht or Desest) is a commune in Maramureș County, Maramureș, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Desești, Hărnicești (Hernécs), and Mara (Crăcești until 1956; Krácsfalva).

The commune belongs to the Baia Mare metropolitan area. It is located in the central part of Maramureș County, about 28 km (17 mi) km south of Sighetu Marmației and 40 km (25 mi) northeast of the county seat, Baia Mare. It is situated at an altitude of 430 m (1,410 ft), in a hilly region on the southeastern slopes of the Gutin Mountains. Desești lies on the banks of the river Mara and its right tributary, the river Breboaia.

At the 2021 census, Desești had a population of 2,179, with an absolute majority (95%) of ethnic Romanians.

The commune's Saint Parascheva Church was built in 1770 and is one of eight Wooden Churches of Maramureș that are listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.

Mara (Iza)
The Mara (Hungarian: Mára) is a left tributary of the river Iza in Romania. It discharges into the Iza in Vadu Izei. Its length is 38 km (24 mi) and its basin area is 410 km2 (160 sq mi). Its main tributary is the Cosău.
RU-28362
RU-28362 is a synthetic androstane glucocorticoid that was developed by Roussel Uclaf. It is a selective agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (corticoid type II receptor), but not of the mineralocorticoid receptor (corticoid type I receptor).

A similar compound is dexamethasone that also selectively binds to the glucocorticoid receptor with high affinity. This is in contrast to the natural steroid hormones cortisol or corticosterone, which bind to both of the corticosteroid receptors, though they bind to the mineralocorticoid receptor with greater affinity.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
East Channel Bridge
The East Channel Bridge is a bridge carrying Interstate 90 from Mercer Island, Washington, to Bellevue, Washington, over the East Channel of Lake Washington, which separates Mercer Island from the rest of the Eastside.

The original bridge was opened November 10, 1923, and was the first bridge to reach the island. George Lightfoot, known as the father of the other bridge on Mercer Island, the Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge, had the charge of opening the bridge for boats. In 1940, it was demolished and replaced.  Currently, two parallel bridges carry I-90 traffic at this location.  A steel box girder bridge, built in 1981, carries westbound I-90 traffic and the Mountains to Sound Greenway Trail, also known as the I-90 Trail.  Another steel box girder bridge, built in 1988, carries eastbound I-90 traffic and the under-construction 2 Line of Sound Transit's Link light rail system.

George Lightfoot
George Washington Lightfoot (1889 – 1941) was an American business owner, known campaigning for more than 12 years to build what was then known as the Lake Washington Floating Bridge connecting the island to Seattle across Lake Washington. Lightfoot, commonly known as "Speed", and his brother, Ewart Gladstone Lightfoot, commonly known as "Hap", ran Lightfoot Enterprises on Mercer Island from 1914 through the early 1980s.

Lightfoot Enterprises included the first grocery store, post office, gas station, dance/movie hall and bakery on Mercer Island. George Lightfoot was also a talented vaudeville musician who performed under the stage name "The Jolly Hobo Globetrotter" along with his sister, Eva, known as "The Mandolin Banjo Fiend".

Lightfoot was born in Denver, Colorado in 1889. He died in Mercer Island, Washington in 1941.
The Family Jewels (film)
The Family Jewels is a 1965 American comedy film. It was filmed from January 18 to April 2, 1965, and was released by Paramount Pictures on July 1, 1965. The film was co-written, directed, and produced by Jerry Lewis who also played seven roles in the film. Lewis' co-star, Donna Butterworth, made only one other film, Paradise, Hawaiian Style, with Elvis Presley. Gary Lewis & The Playboys have a cameo in which they sing "Little Miss Go-Go"; their hit song "This Diamond Ring" is also featured.

Gary Lewis & the Playboys
Gary Lewis & the Playboys were a 1960s pop and rock group, fronted by musician Gary Lewis, the son of comedian Jerry Lewis. They are best known for their 1965 Billboard Hot 100 number-one single "This Diamond Ring", which was the first of a string of hit singles they had in 1965 and 1966. The band had an earnest, boy-next-door image similar to British invasion contemporaries such as Herman's Hermits and Gerry and the Pacemakers. The group folded in 1970, but a version of the band later resumed touring and continues to tour, often playing for veterans' benefits.
Mysterious Personal Shopper
Mysterious Personal Shopper (Korean: 인형의 집) is a 2018 South Korean television series starring Choi Myung-gil, Park Ha-na, Wang Bit-na, Lee Eun-hyung, and Han Sang-jin. The series aired on KBS2 from Monday to Friday from 7:50 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. (KST) from February 26 to July 20, 2018.

KBS2
KBS 2TV (Korean: KBS 제2텔레비전) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel launched on 1 December 1980 and owned by Korean Broadcasting System. In contrast to KBS1, the channel specializes primarily in entertainment.
Syrian cuisine
Syrian cuisine is a Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cuisine that traces back to ancient civilization in Syria and the region. Syrian specialties makes use of eggplant, zucchini, garlic, meat (mostly from lamb and sheep), sesame seeds, rice, chickpeas, fava beans, lentils, steak, cabbage, cauliflower, vine leaves, pickled turnips, cucumbers, tomatoes, olive oil, lemon juice, mint, pistachios, honey and fruits.

Selections of appetizers known as mezze are customarily served along with Arabic bread before the Syrian meal's main course, which is followed by coffee, with sweet confections or fruits at will. Many recipes date from at least the 13th century.

Turnip
The turnip or white turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white, fleshy taproot. Small, tender varieties are grown for human consumption, while larger varieties are grown as feed for livestock. The name turnip – used in many regions – may also be used to refer to rutabaga (or neep or swede), which is a different but related vegetable.
Gabi Ash
Gabrielle Ash (born 4 November 1998) is an Australian freestyle skier, who competes in the aerials discipline. She competed at the 2022 Winter Olympics in the women's aerials event, but she didn't qualify to final. Her sister Sophie also freestyle skier, they was the first Australian siblings who compete together same Winter Olympics.

Freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Women's aerials
The women's aerials competition in freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held on 14 February at the Genting Snow Park in Zhangjiakou. 2014 silver medalist Xu Mengtao of China won the event, which became her first Olympic gold medal. Defending champion Hanna Huskova of Belarus won the silver medal, and Megan Nick of the United States bronze. For Nick, this was her first Olympic medal.

The defending champion is Hanna Huskova. The 2018 silver medalist Zhang Xin did not qualify for the Olympics, but the bronze medalist Kong Fanyu did. Xu Mengtao was leading the 2021–22 FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup ranking before the Olympics, with Kong Fanyu close second. Laura Peel is the 2021 world champion.
X.O. Experience
X.O. Experience is the fourth studio album by American hip hop group Tha Alkaholiks. It was released on July 10, 2001, via Loud Records. Recording sessions took place at Soundcastle and Skip Saylor Recording in California, at The Hit Factory in New York, at Mastersound Studio in Virginia Beach, and at Mirror Image Studios in Dix Hills. Production was handled by member E-Swift, as well as Rockwilder, DJ Scratch, DJ Twinz, Thayod Ausar and The Neptunes. It features guest appearances from Xzibit, Busta Rhymes, Butch Cassidy, Defari, King Tee, Kurupt and Shae Fiol. The album reached number 47 on the Billboard 200 and number 14 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. Its lead single "Best U Can" became a minor hit in 2001, peaking at No. 64 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and No. 14 on the Hot Rap Songs chart. The album's cover art is an homage to The Jimi Hendrix Experience's 1967 album Are You Experienced.

Rockwilder
Dana Stinson (born February 2, 1971), more commonly known as Rockwilder, is an American hip hop producer and songwriter best known for his work with Redman, Jay-Z, LL Cool J, Busta Rhymes, Xzibit, and Janet Jackson. He has appeared on every Redman studio album since 1994.
SS James H. Courts
SS James H. Courts was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after James H. Courts, a Merchant seaman killed on the cargo ship SS Expositor, 22 February 1943, when she was struck by a torpedo from German submarine U-606.

German submarine U-606
German submarine U-606 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 12 March 1941 by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg as yard number 582, launched on 27 November 1941 and commissioned on 22 January 1942 under Oberleutnant zur See Hans Klatt.
Astrochronology
Astrochronology is the dating of sedimentary units by calibration with astronomically tuned timescales, such as Milankovic cycles, or even sunspot cycles.  When used in concert with radiometric dating, it allows the resolution of timescales to a high degree of accuracy. If orbital precession cycles are identified, the dating error can be as low as 21,000 years.

Apsidal precession
In celestial mechanics, apsidal precession (or apsidal advance) is the precession (gradual rotation) of the line connecting the apsides (line of apsides) of an astronomical body's orbit. The apsides are the orbital points farthest (apoapsis) and closest (periapsis) from its primary body. The apsidal precession is the first time derivative of the argument of periapsis, one of the six main orbital elements of an orbit. Apsidal precession is considered positive when the orbit's axis rotates in the same direction as the orbital motion. An apsidal period is the time interval required for an orbit to precess through 360°, which takes the Earth about 112,000 years and the Moon about 8.85 years.
Tragus (river)
The Tragus or Tragos (Greek: Τράγος) is a river of northwestern Arcadia and southern Achaea, Greece. It is a left tributary of the Ladon river. Its source is near the village of Nymfasia, it flows along Dara, and joins the Ladon near Zevgolatio.

Dara, Greece
Dara (Greek: Δάρα, also Δάρας - Daras) is a community in the municipal unit of Levidi, northern Arcadia, Greece. It is situated on a mountain slope near the border with Achaea. It is 2 km southeast of Pankrati (Achaea), 5 km northeast of Prasino, 16 km north of Vytina and 16 km northeast of Levidi. The Greek National Road 33 (Patras - Levidi) passes south of the village. Dara has a historical folklore museum displaying the woodcarvings of Giannis Bakopoulos.