hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lake Howard (Winter Haven, Florida)
Lake Howard is a fresh water lake, located in Winter Haven, Florida. The lake is part of the headwaters of the Peace River watershed.  Lake Howard is a prominent lake in Winter Haven's Chain of Lakes. Lake Howard is on the southern chain of lakes. It is connected to Lake Cannon, to the north-west, and Lake May, to the south-east.  Lake Howard has a surface area of 624 acres.   It has a mean depth of 10.9 feet (3.3 m), and maximum depth of 18.7 feet (5.7 m).

Peace River (Florida)
The Peace River is a river in the southwestern part of the Florida peninsula, in the U.S.A. It originates at the juncture of Saddle Creek and Peace Creek northeast of Bartow in Polk County and flows south through Fort Meade (Polk County) Hardee County to Arcadia in DeSoto County and then southwest into the Charlotte Harbor estuary at Punta Gorda in Charlotte County. It is 106 miles (171 km) long and has a drainage basin of 1,367 square miles (3,540 km2). U.S. Highway 17 runs near and somewhat parallel to the river for much of its course. The river was called Rio de la Paz (River of Peace) on 16th century Spanish charts. It appeared as Peas Creek or Pease Creek on later maps. The Creek (and later, Seminole) Indians call it Talakchopcohatchee, River of Long Peas. Other cities along the Peace River include Fort Meade, Wauchula and Zolfo Springs. Tributaries in addition to Peace Creek and Saddle Creek include Shell Creek, Joshua Creek, Charlie Creek, Payne Creek, and Horse Creek.
Younger baronets
There have been three baronetcies created for persons with the surname Younger, all in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.

The Younger Baronetcy, of Auchen Castle, was created in 1911 for William Younger, MP for Stamford from 1895 to 1906 and briefly for Peebles and Selkirkshire.

The Younger Baronetcy, of Leckie, was created in 1911 for George Younger, MP and member of the brewing family, later to become Viscount Younger of Leckie

The Younger Baronetcy, of Fountainbridge, Edinburgh, was one of the last baronetcies created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom, established in 1964. It was created for William Younger, son of a brother of the 1st Viscount Younger of Leckie.

Peebles and Selkirk
Peebles and Selkirk was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (Westminster) from 1868 to 1918. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post voting system.
Kadija Sesay
Kadija George MBE, Hon. FRSL (born 1962), also known as Kadija Sesay, is a British literary activist, short story writer and poet of Sierra Leonean descent, and the publisher and managing editor of the magazine SABLE LitMag. Her work has earned her many awards and nominations, including the Cosmopolitan Woman of Achievement in 1994, Candace Woman of Achievement in 1996, The Voice Community Award in Literature in 1999 and the Millennium Woman of the Year in 2000. She is the General Secretary for African Writers Abroad (PEN International) and organises the Writers' HotSpot – trips for writers abroad, where she teaches creative writing and journalism courses.

Arif Ali (publisher)
Arif Ali (born 13 March 1935) is a Guyanese-born publisher and newspaper proprietor who migrated to London in 1957. The company he founded in 1970, Hansib, was among pioneering publishers in the UK that disseminated publications of relevance to Britain's black community, others including New Beacon Books (1966) and Bogle-L'Ouverture Publications (1968). Hansib went on to become the largest black publisher in Europe. 
In March 2024, Ali was announced as winner of the annual Bocas Henry Swanzy Award for Distinguished Service to Caribbean Letters.
Bös Fulen
The Bös Fulen is a mountain in the Schwyz Alps, located on the border between the cantons of Schwyz (SZ) and Glarus (GL), Switzerland. It overlooks the valleys of Muotathal (SZ) and Linthal (GL). Politically, it is split between the municipalities of Muotathal and Glarus. Braunwald (GL) is the nearest locality.

With 2,802 metres (9,193 ft) above sea level, the Bös Fulen is the highest summit of the canton of Schwyz.

Canton of Glarus
The canton of Glarus (German: Kanton Glarus [ˈɡlaːrʊs] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Glaruna; French: Canton de Glaris; Italian: Canton Glarona) is a canton in east-central Switzerland. The capital is Glarus.
The population speaks a variety of Alemannic German.
The majority of the population (81%) identifies as Christian, about evenly split between Protestants and Catholics.
Ramagrama stupa
Ramagrama stupa (Nepali: रामग्राम नगरपालिका, also Ramgram, Rāmgrām, Rāmagrāma) is a stupa located in Ramgram Municipality, in the Parasi District of Nepal. This Buddhist pilgrimage site containing relics of Gautama Buddha was constructed between the Mauryan and Gupta periods, according to research by Nepal's Department of Archaeology.

Department of Archaeology (Nepal)
The Department of Archaeology (DOA) is the primary governmental organization for archaeological research and protection of cultural heritage in Nepal. It was established in 1953. After the April 2015 Nepal earthquake and May 2015 Nepal earthquake, the Department got involved with analyzing and reconstructing the ancient buildings in Nepal.
Ajax (band)
Ajax is an American, New York-based band, led by female singer Arleen Mitchel. The outfit released the single "Mind the Gap" in 1989, on Wax Trax! Records. A full-length self-titled debut LP followed, which combined industrial and acid-house music. The album, and its two singles failed to chart.

Mitchel revived the name in the 1990s, most successfully on the 1995 single "Ex-Junkie" which became a minor club hit. "Ex-Junkie" is the band's first (and to date last) entry on the Billboard Hot Dance/Club chart, peaking at number 48.

Wax Trax! Records
Wax Trax! Records is an American independent record label based in Chicago.  The label was purchased by TVT Records in 1992 and was discontinued in 2001. In 2014, it was re-established by Julia Nash, daughter of co-founder Jim Nash. On February 6, 2025 the Commission on Chicago Landmarks unanimously voted to declare the old Chicago storefront a landmark.

Richard Giraldi of the Chicago Sun-Times wrote, "As important as Chess Records was to blues and soul music, Chicago's Wax Trax imprint was just as significant to the punk rock, new wave and industrial genres."  According to critic Greg Kot, the legacy of Wax Trax is trusting the artist.
Gates-North Gates, New York
Gates-North Gates was a census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Gates, in Monroe County, New York, United States. The population was 15,138 at the 2000 census. For the 2010 census, the CDP was split into two separate entities: Gates (pop. 4,910) and North Gates (pop. 9,512).

Gates, New York
Gates is a town in Monroe County, New York, United States. The town is named after General Horatio Gates. The population was 29,167 at the 2020 census. Gates and North Gates are census-designated places within the town. It is a suburb of Rochester.
Wildrake diving accident
The Wildrake diving accident was an incident in Scotland in August 1979 that killed two American commercial divers. During a routine dive in the East Shetland Basin of the North Sea, the diving bell of the diving support vessel MS Wildrake became separated from its main lift wire at a depth of over 160 metres (520 ft). Although the bell was eventually recovered by Wildrake, its two occupants, 32-year-old Richard Arthur Walker and 28-year-old Victor Francis "Skip" Guiel Jr., died of hypothermia. The accident resulted in extensive subsequent litigation and led to important safety changes in the diving industry.

Commercial diving
Commercial diving may be considered an application of professional diving where the diver engages in underwater work for industrial, construction, engineering, maintenance or other commercial purposes which are similar to work done out of the water, and where the diving is usually secondary to the work.

In some legislation, commercial diving is defined as any diving done by an employee as part of their job, and for legal purposes this may include scientific, public safety, media, and military diving. That is similar to the definition for professional diving, but in those cases the difference is in the status of the diver within the organisation of the diving contractor. This distinction may not exist in other jurisdictions. In South Africa, any person who dives under the control and instructions of another person within the scope of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993, is within the scope of the Diving Regulations, 2009.
FMOD
FMOD is a proprietary sound effects engine and authoring tool for video games and applications developed by Firelight Technologies. It is able to play and mix sounds of diverse formats on many operating systems.

Audio file format
An audio file format is a file format for storing digital audio data on a computer system. The bit layout of the audio data (excluding metadata) is called the audio coding format and can be uncompressed, or compressed to reduce the file size, often using lossy compression. The data can be a raw bitstream in an audio coding format, but it is usually embedded in a container format or an audio data format with a defined storage layer.
Deaf peddlers
Deaf peddlers are Deaf people who sell to the wider public manual alphabet cards, keychains, nail clippers, pencils and pens, national flags, or receipts in various amounts, which they have printed themselves. In this peddling, the sellers claim that they are deaf, to manipulate or put pressure on the buyer. Some "Deaf" peddlers fake their deafness in order to trick people.

Keychain
A keychain (/ˈkitʃeɪn/ ⓘ) (also key chain or keyring) is a small ring or chain of metal to which several keys, or fobs can be attached. The terms keyring and keychain are often used interchangeably to mean both the individual ring, or a combined unit of a ring and fob.

The length of a keychain or fob may also allow an item to be used more easily than if connected directly to a keyring. Some keychains allow one or both ends to rotate, keeping the keychain from becoming twisted, while the item is being used.
Lepidophyma lowei
Lepidophyma lowei, also known commonly as Lowe's tropical night lizard and la lagartija nocturna de Lowe in Mexican Spanish, is a species of small lizard in the subfamily Lepidophyminae of the family Xantusiidae. The species is native to Mexico.

Night lizard
Night lizards (family Xantusiidae) are a group of small scincomorph lizards native to North America, averaging from less than 4 cm (1.6 in) to over 12 cm (4.7 in) snout–vent length. Most species are viviparous (live-bearing), with the exception of those in the genus Cricosaura. The family has only three living genera, with approximately 34 living species. The genera are divided by geographic range: Xantusia in southwestern North America and Baja California, Cricosaura in Cuba, and Lepidophyma, the most populous night lizard genus, in Central America.
Tim Hawarden
Timothy George Hawarden FRAS (24 December 1943 – 10 November 2009) was a South African astrophysicist known for his pioneering work on passive cooling techniques for space telescopes for which he won NASA's Exceptional Technology Achievement Medal.

United Kingdom Infrared Telescope
The United Kingdom Infra-Red Telescope (UKIRT) is a 3.8 metre (150 inch) infrared reflecting telescope, the second largest dedicated infrared (1 to 30 micrometres) telescope in the world. It is located on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i as part of Mauna Kea Observatory. Until 2014 it was operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre in Hilo and was owned by the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council. UKIRT is currently being funded by NASA and operated under scientific cooperation between Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, the University of Hawaii, and the U. S. Naval Observatory. The telescope is set to be decommissioned after completion of the Thirty Meter Telescope as part of the Mauna Kea Comprehensive Management Plan.

Decommissioning of UKIRT started on July 7th, 2025.
Yuny (viceroy of Kush)
Yuni served as Head of the-stable-of-Seti-I, Charioteer of His Majesty, and Chief of the Medjay before becoming Viceroy during the reign of Seti I. He would use some of these titles simultaneously. On a stela from Abydos – now in the Cairo Museum (Jd'E 34620) – the inscription reads:

Made by the Superintendent of Deserts in the Southern Foreign country, Viceroy in Nubia (Ta-Sety), Chief of Works in the Estate of Amun, Chief of the Madjayu-militia, Iuny. (Kitchen)

Yuni started the Egyptian building projects at Amara West and Aksha. It was "on his orders that the first blocks of the Abu Simbel temples were cut. Yuny commemorated his work with a rock-cut scene showing himself standing before Ramesses II on the Abu Simbel cliff. After ten years under Ramesses II, Yuny retired from his post in Nubia. He was succeeded by Heqanakht.

Ta-Seti
Ta-Seti (Ancient Egyptian: tꜣ-sty, likely meaning "Land of the Bow") was the first nome (administrative division) of Upper Egypt. Situated at the southern border with Nubia, Ta-Seti played a crucial role in trade, military operations, and cultural exchange between Egypt and Nubia. Archaeologically, Ta-Seti is closely associated with Lower Nubia, an area corresponding largely to present-day northern Sudan, and is often linked to early Nubian polities such as the A-Group culture (c. 3800–3100 BCE).

The term "Ta-Seti" could also broadly refer to the Nubian region itself, highlighting close association between the two. Today, the historical region associated with Ta-Seti spans areas of southern Egypt and northern Sudan.
Katie Gavin
Catherine Hope Gavin (December 30, 1992) is an American singer-songwriter from Winnetka, Illinois who is best known as the lead vocalist and principal lyricist for the band MUNA since 2013.

Gavin began her career as a solo artist in 2009 when she began publishing home recordings of her own compositions on SoundCloud and occasionally performing live in Greater Chicago.After moving to Los Angeles in 2013, she formed MUNA with her then-classmates Josette Maskin and Naomi McPherson at the University of Southern California. The band has released three studio albums: About U (2017), Saves the World (2019), and Muna (2022). In October 2024, Gavin released her debut solo album, What a Relief, through Saddest Factory Records.

Winnetka, Illinois
Winnetka (/wɪˈnɛtkə/) is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States, 16 miles (26 km) north of downtown Chicago. The population was 12,508 as of the 2026 census. The village is one of the wealthiest places in the United States in terms of household income. It was the second-ranked Illinois community on Bloomberg's 2019 Richest Places Annual Index. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Winnetka's median household income exceeded $250,000 in 2023.
Pogogyne clareana
Pogogyne clareana is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name Santa Lucia mint. It is endemic to Monterey, California, where it is known only from about fifty occurrences all located within the bounds of Fort Hunter Liggett, a US Army training facility. The local habitat is made up of chaparral and oak woodland with occasional vernal pools and summer-dry creek beds.

This is a small, aromatic annual herb producing slender, erect stems 15 to 25 centimeters tall. Stems are topped with small but showy inflorescences containing hairy sepals and lipped, funnel-shaped flowers in shades of pinkish-purple with purple-spotted white throats. They have a strong mint scent. The plants flower for about two weeks in June, and each produces a single seed.

The plant has a very limited range and faces threats there that include erosion, vehicles and military activity, and dust from dirt roads.

Dirt road
A dirt road or dirt track is a type of unpaved road not paved with asphalt, concrete, brick, or stone; made from the native material of the land surface through which it passes, known to highway engineers as subgrade material.
Taubacrex
Taubacrex is an extinct genus of birds of the family Quercymegapodiidae from the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene (Deseadan) Tremembé Formation of the Taubaté Basin in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The type species is Taubacrex granivora. In the original description, Herculano Alvarenga classified it as a member of family Rallidae. It provides the earliest fossil record of gastroliths in birds of the order Galliformes.

Chattian
The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the younger of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 27.3 and 23.04 Ma. The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (the lowest stage of the Miocene).
Avraham Leizerson
Rabbi Avraham Yosef Leizerson (Hebrew: אברהם יוסף לייזרזון; born 1943, died 2020) was an Israeli politician and Member of the Knesset for the ultra-orthodox party Agudat Yisrael, part of the United Torah Judaism alliance. He was also chair of Chinuch Atzmai, the independent Orthodox educational system.

Independent Education System (Israel)
The Independent Education System of Israel (Hebrew: החינוך העצמאי - which is translated "independent education", and could be transliterated as Khinukh Atsmai or Chinuch Atzmai) is an alternate school system run by, and serving the needs of, the Haredi Jewish (ultra-Orthodox Jewish) community of Israel.

It was established in 1953 by a decision of the Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of Torah Sages of Agudath Yisrael in Israel), and implemented through the State Education law.  It was initially led by Rabbi Zalman Sorotzkin, and now is run by an umbrella center that operates a large network of schools,
kindergarten through high school, gender-separated, throughout the country.

By 1978, there were 300 of these schools in Israel; by 2003, that number had grown to 800.
Barik, Suwayda
Barik (Arabic: بارك) is a village situated in the Shahba District of Suwayda Governorate, in southern Syria. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Barik had a population of 856 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze.

Shahba District
Shahba District (Arabic: منطقة شهبا, romanized: manṭiqat Šahbā) is a district of the Sweida Governorate in southern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Shahba. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 72,264.
WNTP
WNTP (990 kHz) is a commercial radio station in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. WNTP is owned by the Salem Media Group and broadcasts a conservative talk radio format. Most of the programming comes from the co-owned Salem Radio Network including nationally syndicated hosts Mike Gallagher, Hugh Hewitt, Dennis Prager, Sebastian Gorka, Charlie Kirk, Brandon Tatum and Eric Metaxas. A local weekday wake-up show is hosted by Chris Stigall.

By day, WNTP is powered at 50,000 watts, the maximum for U.S. commercial AM stations. To protect other stations at night, WNTP reduces power to 10,000 watts at sunset. It uses a directional antenna with a four-tower array. The station's studios and transmitter facilities are shared with co-owned WFIL on Ridge Pike in Lafayette Hill, Pennsylvania.

Eric Metaxas
Eric Metaxas (/məˈtæksəs/; born June 27, 1963) is an American author, speaker, and conservative radio host. He has written three biographies, Amazing Grace: William Wilberforce and the Heroic Campaign to End Slavery about William Wilberforce (2007), Bonhoeffer: Pastor, Martyr, Prophet, Spy about Dietrich Bonhoeffer (2011), and Martin Luther: The Man Who Rediscovered God and Changed the World (2017). He also published a memoir, Fish Out of Water: A Search for the Meaning of Life (2021) as well as several books, including If You Can Keep it (2017) and Letter to the American Church (2022). He has also written humor, children's books and scripts for VeggieTales.
Gustav Werther
August Friedrich Gustav Werther (1 August 1815, Roßla – 29 June 1869, Königsberg) was a German chemist. He made contributions in both organic and inorganic chemistry, being known for his work in the field of analytical chemistry.

Roßla
Roßla (also: Rossla) is a village and a former municipality in the Mansfeld-Südharz district, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the municipality Südharz.

From 1706–1803, Rossla was the seat of Stolberg-Rossla.
Deaths in November 2018
The following is a list of notable deaths in November 2018.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

All-American Girls Professional Baseball League
The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) was a professional women's baseball league founded by Philip K. Wrigley, which existed from 1943 to 1954. The AAGPBL is the forerunner of women's professional league sports in the United States.  Over 600 women played in the league, which eventually consisted of 10 teams located in the American Midwest. In 1948, league attendance peaked at over 900,000 spectators. The most successful team, the Rockford Peaches, won a league-best four championships.

The 1992 film A League of Their Own and the 2022 television show of the same name are mostly fictionalized accounts of the league and its stars. Sixty-five original AAGPBL members appeared in scenes for the movie filmed in October 1991 recreating the induction of the league into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1988.
Icarus complex
The Icarus complex is a term in psychoanalysis and personality theory first used by Henry A. Murray to describe a particular type of overambitious character. Psychosynthesis has applied it to those in whom spiritual ambition exceeds their personality limits, leading to a backlash.

Backlash (sociology)
A backlash is a strong negative or hostile reaction to a particular idea, action, trend, or social change. It often arises when individuals or groups perceive a threat to their values, status, or power. In sociopolitical contexts, particularly within identity politics in the Western world, the term is frequently used to describe reactions against efforts to advance the rights or visibility of marginalized groups.

Backlashes can manifest as public opposition, policy reversals, or cultural resistance, and are often viewed as attempts to restore a previous social or political order. Scholars sometimes interpret backlash not as a denial of change, but as a response driven by perceived loss, resentment, or fear of displacement.
2024–25 Lake Superior State Lakers men's ice hockey season
The 2024–25 Lake Superior State Lakers men's ice hockey season was the 59th season of play for the program, the 52nd at the Division I level and the 45th in the CCHA. The Lakers represented Lake Superior State University, played their home games at the Taffy Abel Arena and were coached by Damon Whitten in his 11th season.

2024–25 CCHA season
The 2024–25 CCHA season was the 46th season of play for the Central Collegiate Hockey Association and occurred during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season. The season began on October 4, 2024, and concluded on March 27, 2027 with Minnesota State losing in the Fargo Regional Semifinal of the NCAA tournament.