hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Italiani brava gente
"Italians, the good people" (Italian: Italiani brava gente) is a phrase adopted by historians to refer to Italian popular beliefs about the allegedly limited, even non-existent, participation of Fascist Italy and the Royal Italian Army in the Holocaust and war crimes committed by Axis soldiers during World War II. The phenomenon is also known as the myth of the good Italian.

Collective memory
Collective memory is the shared pool of memories, knowledge and information of a social group that is significantly associated with the group's identity. The English phrase "collective memory" and the equivalent French phrase "la mémoire collective" appeared in the second half of the nineteenth century. The philosopher and sociologist Maurice Halbwachs analyzed and advanced the concept of the collective memory in the book Les cadres sociaux de la mémoire (1925).

Collective memory can be constructed, shared, and passed on by large and small social groups. Examples of these groups can include nations, generations, communities, among others.

Collective memory has been a topic of interest and research across a number of disciplines, including psychology, sociology, history, philosophy, and anthropology.
Saranangkar Thera
Dutanga bhante Saranankar Mohathera (Bengali: শরণংকর মহাথেরো ) is a Bangladeshi Buddhist monk, preacher, Buddhist rights activist, and the chief abbot of the Gayanasarana Buddhist Forest Monastery, in Rangunia, southeastern Chittagong District.

Dhutanga
Dhutanga (Pali dhutaṅga, Sinhala: ධුතාඞ්ග) or dhūtaguṇa (Sanskrit) is a group of austerities or ascetic practices taught in Buddhism. The Theravada tradition teaches a set of thirteen dhutangas, while Mahayana Buddhist sources teach a set of twelve dhūtaguṇas. The term is generally understood to be derived from the root dhu "to shake" and could mean practices which help one "shake off" the defilements. Thus, the dhutangas are meant to help eliminate the defilements in the mind, and thus to deepen Buddhist practice. Their aim is to help the practitioner to develop detachment with material things including the body. Dhutanga practice is not considered a necessary requirement for a monk as is Śīla (virtue).
Hebraica-Rebouças (CPTM)
Hebraica-Rebouças is a train station on the ViaMobilidade Line 9-Emerald, located in the district of Pinheiros in São Paulo. The station is conveniently located next to Eldorado Shopping Mall and the São Paulo A Hebraica club. It was built by CPTM and opened on 14 June 2000.

ViaMobilidade
ViaMobilidade is a company in Brazil belonging to Companhia de Concessões Rodoviárias, that has been responsible for the operation, maintenance and investments in Line 5–Lilac, Line 8–Diamond and Line 9–Emerald of São Paulo Metropolitan Trains for 20 years, through a public-private concession contract, in partnership with the Government of the State of São Paulo.

Besides CCR, the consortium also has RuasInvest as an investor, a branch of one of the most traditional bus groups of São Paulo. Both companies also manage the Line 4–Yellow of ViaQuatro. Besides that, the consortium will operate Line 17–Gold, currently under construction, and will connect stations Morumbi of ViaMobilidade Line Line 9–Emerald, in Marginal Pinheiros, to Congonhas Airport, in Southside São Paulo, and will also operate Line 15–Silver.

On 20 April 2021, the company won an auction in the B3 headquarters and operates the former CPTM lines 8–Diamond and 9–Emerald for 30 years.
Chandu (1958 film)
Chandu is a 1958 film directed by Majnu. It stars Mehmood, Om Prakash, Pran Krishan Sikand, Shashikala Om Prakash Saigal and Gope. The film's music was composed by Bipin Babul and the lyrics were by Raja Mehdi Ali Khan, Kaifi Azmi and Raj Baldev Raj.

Mehmood (actor)
Mehmood Ali (29 September 1932 – 23 July 2004), popularly known simply as Mehmood, was an Indian actor, singer, director and producer, best known for playing Comic,Serious,emotional and versatile roles in Hindi films.

During his career of more than four decades, he worked in over 300 Hindi films and was known as Bollywood's Original Bhaijaan. Mehmood received 25 nominations for film awards, 19 for 'Best Performance in a Comic Role', while the awards started in 1954, awards for the best comedian category started only in 1967. Prior to that Mehmood also received 6 nominations for 'Best Supporting Actor'.
Preussiodora
Preussiodora is a genus of plants in the family Rubiaceae. It contains only one species, Preussiodora sulphurea, native to central Africa (Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa, and the islands in the Gulf of Guinea).

The genus name of Preussiodora is in honour of Paul Rudolf Preuss (1861–1926), a German botanist and researcher. He founded and directed a botanical garden in Kamerun (now called Cameroon). The Latin specific epithet of sulphurea means sulphur-yellow. Both the genus and the species were first described and published in Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles Vol.28 on pages 31–32 in 1958.

Gulf of Guinea
The Gulf of Guinea (French: Golfe de Guinée; Spanish: Golfo de Guinea; Portuguese: Golfo da Guiné) is the northeasternmost part of the tropical Atlantic Ocean from Cape Lopez in Gabon, north and west to Cape Palmas in Liberia. Null Island, defined as the intersection of the Equator and Prime Meridian (zero degrees latitude and longitude), is in the gulf.

Among the many rivers that drain into the Gulf of Guinea are the Niger and the Volta. The coastline on the gulf includes the Bight of Benin and the Bight of Bonny.
Carstens Shoal
Carstens Shoal (67°34′S 62°51′E﻿ / ﻿67.567°S 62.850°E﻿ / -67.567; 62.850) is an almost circular shoal (least depth 11.89 metres (39 ft)) lying just north of East Budd Island, and just west of Moller Bank, in Holme Bay, Mac. Robertson Land. It was charted in February 1961 by d'A.T. Gale, hydrographic surveyor with the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (Thala Dan), and named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for D.R. Carstens, surveyor at Mawson Station in 1962, who assisted the hydrographic survey in 1961.

Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee
The Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee (AANMC) was established to advise the Government on names for features in the Australian Antarctic Territory and the subantarctic territory of Heard Island and the McDonald Islands. The committee also issues nominations Governor General for the award of the Australian Antarctic Medal.

Committee members were appointed by the Minister or Parliamentary Secretary responsible for Antarctic matters. The committee was founded in 1952 as the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia,  and changed to the current name in 1982 to reflect the multiple functions that the committee is responsible for. The committee was replaced by the Australian Antarctic Division Place names Committee in 2015.
Medea, Friuli Venezia Giulia
Medea (Slovene: Medeja; Friulian: Migjea or Migjee; German: Mödan) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Gorizia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 918 and an area of 7.3 square kilometres (2.8 sq mi).

The municipality of Medea contains the frazioni (boroughs) Ara Pacis, Monte di Medea, and Sant’Antonio.

Medea borders the following municipalities: Chiopris-Viscone, Cormons, Mariano del Friuli, Romans d'Isonzo, San Vito al Torre.

Province of Gorizia
The province of Gorizia (Italian: provincia di Gorizia; Slovene: Goriška pokrajina; Friulian: provincie di Gurize) was a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy. Initially disbanded on 30 September 2017, it was reestablished in 2019 as the regional decentralization entity of Gorizia (Italian: ente di decentramento regionale di Gorizia; Slovene: enota deželne decentralizacije Gorica; Friulian: ent di decentrament regjonâl di Gurize), and was reactivated on 1 July 2020.
Bengt Andersson (canoeist)
Bengt Andersson (born 6 November 1961) is a Swedish sprint canoer who competed in the 1980s. He won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (K-4 1000 m: 1982, 1985), two silvers (K-4 1000 m: 1987, K-4 10000 m: 1985), and a bronze (K-2 10000 m: 1983).

Andersson also competed in two Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of eighth twice (K-2 1000 m: 1984, K-4 1000 m: 1988).

1985 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1985 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Mechelen, Belgium.

The men's competition consisted of six canoe (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the nineteenth championships in canoe sprint.
Mirko Soltau
Mirko Soltau (born 13 January 1980) is a German former footballer who played as a midfielder. He played nine matches for Dynamo Dresden in the 3. Liga, the third tier of German professional football, and had a lengthy career in the lower leagues.

3. Liga
The 3. Liga is a professional association football league and the third division in Germany. In the German football league system, it is positioned between the 2. Bundesliga and the fourth-tier Regionalliga.

The modern 3. Liga was formed for the 2008–09 season, replacing the Regionalliga, which had previously served as the third-tier in the country. In Germany, the 3. Liga is also the highest division that a club's reserve team can play in.
Maarten Rudelsheim
Maarten Rudelsheim (25 April 1873 in Amsterdam – 10 September 1920 in Antwerp) was a flamingant of Jewish-Dutch descent.

Rudelsheim was born in the Netherlands, of a Jewish father and a Dutch mother. In 1885, the family came to Antwerp. Maarten Rudelsheim studied at Ghent University and became Doctor of German philology. In 1898, Maarten Rudelsheim was naturalized as a Belgian citizen. In 1900, he became assistant librarian in Antwerp. Like Louis Franck, Nico Gunzburg and Lon Landau, Maarten Rudelsheim was one of a number of Jewish flamingants who were engaged in the Flemish movement. He devoted himself to the Dutchification of Ghent University, then still a French-speaking university in a Flemish city. After the war, Rudelsheim was condemned to ten years' imprisonment for involvement in activism during the war. He died in Antwerp prison in 1920.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Marquinhos Gabriel
Marcos Gabriel do Nascimento (born 21 July 1990), known as Marquinhos Gabriel, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Avaí. Mainly an attacking midfielder, he can also play as a central midfielder or a winger.

Campeonato Paulista
The Campeonato Paulista Série A1, commonly known as Campeonato Paulista, nicknamed Paulistão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. Run by the São Paulo State Football Federation (FPF), the league is contested by 16 clubs and typically lasts from January to April. Rivalries amongst four of the best-known Brazilian teams (Corinthians, Palmeiras, Santos and São Paulo) have marked the history of the competition. The Campeonato Paulista is the oldest established league in Brazil, being held since 1902 and professionally since 1933.
Trzciniec, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Trzciniec [ˈtʂt͡ɕiɲɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nagłowice, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Nagłowice, 15 km (9 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and 47 km (29 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów
Jędrzejów (Polish: [jɛnˈdʐɛjuf] ⓘ; Yiddish: יענדזשעוו, romanized: Yendzshev, Latin: Andreiow) is a town in southern Poland, located in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It lies approximately 35 kilometres (22 miles) southwest of Kielce. It is the capital of Jędrzejów County. It has 16,139 inhabitants (2011).
Fructosamine
Fructosamines are compounds that result from glycation reactions between glucose and a primary amine, followed by isomerization via the Amadori rearrangement. Biologically, fructosamines are recognized by fructosamine-3-kinase, which may trigger the degradation of advanced glycation end-products (though the true clinical significance of this pathway is unclear). Fructosamine can also refer to the specific compound 1-amino-1-deoxy-D-fructose (isoglucosamine), first synthesized by Nobel laureate Hermann Emil Fischer in 1886.

Most commonly, fructosamine refers to a laboratory test for diabetes management that is rarely used in human clinical practice (simple blood glucose monitoring or hemoglobin A1c testing are preferred). In small animal veterinary practice however it is part of the diabetic cat or dog diagnosis and monitoring giving an indication of blood glucose levels over the previous week. Many direct-to-consumer lab testing companies sell fructosamine tests.

Diabetes management
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is characterized by chronic elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). Therefore, the main goal of diabetes management is to keep blood glucose levels within normal limits (or a diabetic target range) as often as possible. If diabetes is not well controlled, health challenges may develop. People with diabetes can measure blood glucose by various methods, such as with a glucose meter or a continuous glucose monitor, which monitors over several days. Long-term glucose levels (over 3 months) can also be measured by analysis of a blood sample. In addition to lifestyle modification, some individuals with type 2 diabetes may require medication to adequately control their blood glucose levels. Other goals of diabetes management are prevention or treatment of complications that can result from the disease itself and from its treatment.
Yamaha XS750
The Yamaha XS750 and XS850 was a line of inline three cylinder motorcycles produced by the Yamaha Motor Corporation from 1976 to 1981 for the worldwide motorcycle market. It was publicly voted by readers as the 1977 Motorcycle News Machine of the Year, ousting the sitting-winner of four-years, the Kawasaki Z1.

Released in Japan in 1976 as the GX750 fitted with wire wheels (as opposed to cast alloy in all other models) the XS750 became the name for the export model. The last model year of manufacturing was 1981.

These motorcycles were fitted with shaft drive, and can be referred to as "triples" because they have three cylinders. During the first four model years, the engine displaced 750 cc. This was increased to 826 cc for the final two model years, but was referred to as an 850. There were various changes made to the model over the years.

Motor Cycle News
MCN or Motor Cycle News is a UK weekly motorcycling newspaper published by Bauer Consumer Media, based in Peterborough, United Kingdom. It claims to be "the world’s biggest weekly motorcycle newspaper".

The title was founded in late 1955 as Motorcycle News by Cyril Quantrill, a former employee of Motor Cycling, and was sold to EMAP in 1956. Bauer bought Emap's consumer media division in 2008.

The brand has expanded to include the MCN website, MCN Mobile, iPhone app, the 'MCN Compare' Insurance Comparison service, MCN London and Scottish Motorcycle Show and the MCN Live! at Skegness party weekend.

In 2009, average weekly circulation was 114,304 copies according to the Audit Bureau of Circulations,
and 2010 it was 106,446 copies.

The figure for 2018 was 56,839.
Yaakov Koppel Altenkunshtadt
Rabbi Yaakov Koppel Altenkunshtadt (1765 – 1837), also known as Reb Koppel Charif, ("sharp" (Hebrew: חריף) was one of the leading Orthodox rabbis of Hungary in the first half of the nineteenth century. A peer of Moses Sofer of Pressburg, Koppel Charif presided over the largest and most prestigious yeshiva in Hungary.

Yechezkel Landau
Yechezkel ben Yehuda HaLevi Landau  (8 October 1713 – 29 April 1793) was an influential authority in halakha (Jewish law). He is best known for the work Noda Biyhudah (נודע ביהודה), by which title he is also known.
Two Fux
"Two Fux" is a song by American singer-songwriter Adam Lambert. The song was written by Big Taste, Adam Lambert, Sarah Hudson, Ferras and Trey Campbell, with production handled by Mzwetwo and Big Taste. It was released to digital retailers on June 30, 2017, through Warner Bros. Records.

Ferras
Ferras Mahmoud Alqaisi (/fəˈrɑːs/ fə-RAHSS; born July 2, 1982) is an American singer-songwriter. He is well known for his single "Hollywood's Not America" from his debut album Aliens & Rainbows, which was featured as the exit song during the semi-final round of American Idol season 7. He is signed with Unsub Records, a subsidiary of Capitol Records founded by Katy Perry, being the first artist to sign with her label. In June 2014 he released his self-titled EP through the label.
Ylva Eggehorn
Ylva Elisabet Eggehorn (born 6 March 1950) is a Swedish poet, writer, and hymnwriter. She is said to be among Sweden's most famous contemporary Christian writers and poets. Along with Christian poetry, she wrote for what's believed to be the first Swedish worship album. In other genres she did a "historical fantasy" concerning Gustav Badin, which deals some with his imagery as a "lover" in Swedish culture.

Gustav Badin
Adolf Ludvig Gustav Fredrik Albert Badin (né Couchi; 1747 or 1750 – 1822), known as Badin, was a Swedish court servant (Kammermohr) and diarist. Originally a slave, he was the foster son and servant of Queen Louisa Ulrika of Sweden and a servant to his foster sister Princess Sophia Albertine of Sweden. His original name was Couchi, but he was commonly known as Badin ('mischief-maker' or 'trickster').
Larama Quta
Larama Quta (Aymara larama blue, quta lake, "blue lake", Hispanicized spelling Laramacota) is a 5,098-metre-high (16,726 ft) mountain in the Andes of southern Peru. It is situated in the Moquegua Region, General Sánchez Cerro Province, Ichuña District, northeast of Jukumarini Lake. Larama Quta lies at a river of the same name which originates northeast of the mountain. It flows to the south.

Lake Jucumarini
Lake Jucumarini, Lake Jacumarini or Lake Ucumarini (possibly from Aymara jukumari bear) is a lake in Peru at 4390 m of elevation. It is located in the Moquegua Region, General Sánchez Cerro Province, Ichuña District.
1995 Umbrian regional election
The Umbrian regional election of 1995 took place on 23 April 1995.

For the first time the President of the Region was directly elected by the people, although the election was not yet binding and the President-elect could have been replaced during the term.

Bruno Bracalente (Democratic Party of the Left) was elected President of the Region, defeating Riccardo Pongelli (Forza Italia) by a landslide.

Democratic Party of the Left
The Democratic Party of the Left (Italian: Partito Democratico della Sinistra, PDS) was a democratic-socialist and social-democratic political party in Italy. Founded in February 1991 as the post-communist evolution of the Italian Communist Party, the party was the largest in the Alliance of Progressives and The Olive Tree coalitions. In February 1998, the party merged with minor parties to form Democrats of the Left. At its peak in 1991, the party had a membership of 989,708; by 1998, it was reduced to 613,412.
Murton (surname)
Murton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John Murton (theologian) (1585–c.1626), co-founder of the Baptist faith in Great Britain

John Murton (footballer) (1942–2021), Australian rules footballer

Lionel Murton (1915–2006), English-Canadian character actor

Matt Murton (born 1981), American baseball player

Oscar Murton (1914–2009), British politician

Peter Murton (1924–2009), British film art director and production designer

Phillip Murton (born 1973), Australian rules footballer

Tom Murton (1928–1990), American penologist

Walter Murton (born 1892), British art director known for his film set designs

Peter Murton
Peter William Murton (24 September 1924 – 15 December 2009) was a film art director and production designer.

His father Walter W. Murton was also an art director and production designer. His son Simon Murton is also an art director.
Fire in Babylon
Fire in Babylon is a 2010 British documentary film about the record-breaking West Indies cricket team of the 1970s and 1980s. Featuring stock footage and interviews with several former players and officials, including Colin Croft, Deryck Murray, Joel Garner, Gordon Greenidge, Desmond Haynes, Michael Holding, Clive Lloyd, Viv Richards and Andy Roberts, the film was written and directed by Stevan Riley and was nominated for a British Independent Film Award for Best Documentary. It was the joint-winner (with Reggae Britannia) of the UNESCO Award at the Jamaica Reggae Film Festival 2011.

West Indian cricket team in England in 1984
In 1984 the West Indies cricket team toured England, playing three One Day Internationals and five Tests. West Indies beat England 2–1 in the ODI series, then whitewashed England 5–0 in the Test series, and as of 2023 this was the only instance England faced such whitewash at home. This was the only test series where the home side lost all tests of a 4 or more match series. The West Indies team was captained by Clive Lloyd throughout, and England by David Gower.
Sir Kildare Borrowes, 5th Baronet
Sir Kildare Dixon Borrowes, 5th Baronet (20 January 1722 – 22 June 1790) was an Irish politician.

He was the oldest son of Sir Walter Borrowes, 4th Baronet and his wife Mary Pottinger, daughter of Captain Edward Pottinger. In 1741, Borrowes succeeded his father as baronet. Between 1745 and 1776, he represented County Kildare in the Irish House of Commons. Borrowes was also elected for Randalstown in 1760, but chose not to sit. In 1751, he was appointed High Sheriff of Kildare.

The main Borrowes family seat was at Barretstown Castle near Ballymore Eustace. They also inherited an estate at Calverstown in Kildare from their Dixon cousins (Kildare was the grandson of the Dixon heiress, Elizabeth).

Irish House of Commons
The Irish House of Commons (Irish: Teach na gComóntach, Teach na dTeachtaí) was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until the end of 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords. The membership of the House of Commons was directly elected, but on a highly restrictive franchise, similar to the unreformed House of Commons in contemporary Great Britain. Catholics were disqualified from sitting in the Irish parliament from 1691, even though they comprised the vast majority of the Irish population.

The Irish executive, known as the Dublin Castle administration, under the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, was not answerable to the House of Commons but to the British government. However, the Chief Secretary for Ireland was usually a member of the Irish parliament. In the Commons, business was presided over by the Speaker.

From 1 January 1801, it ceased to exist and was succeeded by the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.