hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John R. Mascola
John R. Mascola is an American physician-scientist, immunologist and infectious disease specialist. He was the director of the Vaccine Research Center (VRC), part of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH).  He also served as a principal advisor to Anthony Fauci, director of NIAID, on vaccines and biomedical research affairs. Mascola is the current Chief Scientific Officer for ModeX Therapeutics.

Mascola is an internationally recognized expert in vaccine and antibody-based product development who has led biomedical research efforts targeting a broad range of viral pathogens for more than 30 years.

As part of the United States Government COVID-19 Response, Mascola led the Vaccine Development Team (VDT) of Operation Warp Speed facilitating the rapid development, evaluation, and subsequent authorization of effective COVID-19 vaccines.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID, /ˈnaɪ.æd/) is one of the 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH), an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. NIAID's mission is to conduct basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases.

NIAID has on-campus laboratories in Maryland and Hamilton, Montana, and funds research conducted by scientists at institutions in the United States and throughout the world. NIAID also works closely with partners in academia, industry, government, and non-governmental organizations in multifaceted and multidisciplinary efforts to address emerging health challenges such as the H1N1/09 pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Colloquialism
Colloquialism (also called colloquial language, everyday language, or general parlance) is the linguistic style used for casual (informal) communication. It is the most common functional style of speech, the language normally employed in casual conversation and other informal contexts. Colloquialism is characterized by the frequent use of expressive phrases, idioms, anthropocentrism, and a lack of specialized focus, and has a rapidly changing lexicon. It can also be distinguished by its usage of formulations with incomplete logical and syntactic ordering.

A specific instance of such language is termed a colloquialism. The most common term used in dictionaries to label such an expression is colloquial.

Context
In semiotics, linguistics, sociology and anthropology, context refers to those objects or entities which surround a focal event, in these disciplines typically a communicative event, of some kind. Context is "a frame that surrounds the event and provides resources for its appropriate interpretation".: 2–3  It is thus a relative concept, only definable with respect to some focal event within a frame, not independently of that frame.
Waidacher
Waidacher is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Isabel Waidacher (born 1994), Swiss ice hockey player, sister of Monika and Nina

Monika Waidacher (born 1990), Swiss ice hockey player

Nina Waidacher (born 1992), Swiss ice hockey player

Nina Waidacher
Nina Waidacher (born 23 August 1992) is a Swiss ice hockey forward who plays internationally for the Switzerland women's national ice hockey team. She has represented Switzerland at the Winter Olympics in 2014 and won the bronze medal after defeating Sweden in the bronze medal playoff. She attends The College of St. Scholastica.
Bad Company (1931 film)
Bad Company is a 1931 American pre-Code gangster film directed and co-written by Tay Garnett with Tom Buckingham based on Jack Lait's 1930 novel Put on the Spot. It stars Helen Twelvetrees and Ricardo Cortez. Told from the view of a woman, the working titles of this film were The Gangster's Wife and The Mad Marriage. Unlike many static early sound films, Garnett includes several scenes using a moving camera climaxing in a gigantic assault on an office building with both sides using heavy machine guns.
The film adapts a novel by Jack Lait.

Working title
A working title is a preliminary name for a product or project. The usage is especially common in film and TV, gaming, music and publishing. It is often styled in trade publications as (wt) and is synonymous with production title and tentative title.
Nell Rankin
Nell Rankin (January 3, 1924 – January 13, 2005) was an American operatic mezzo-soprano. Though a successful opera singer internationally, she spent most of her career at the Metropolitan Opera, where she worked from 1951 to 1976. She was particularly admired for her portrayals of Amneris in Verdi's Aida and the title role in Bizet's Carmen. Opera News said, "Her full, generous tone and bold phrasing, especially in the Italian repertory, were unique among American mezzos of her generation.

Requiem (Verdi)
The Messa da Requiem is a musical setting of the Catholic funeral mass (Requiem) for four soloists, double choir and orchestra by Giuseppe Verdi. It was composed in memory of Alessandro Manzoni, whom Verdi admired, and is therefore also referred to as the Manzoni Requiem. The first performance, at the San Marco church in Milan on 22 May 1874, conducted by the composer, marked the first anniversary of Manzoni's death. It was followed three days later by the same performers at La Scala. Verdi conducted his work at major venues in Europe.

Verdi composed the music for the last part of the text, Libera me, first, as his contribution to the Messa per Rossini, which he had begun after Gioachino Rossini had died.

Considered too operatic to be performed in a liturgical setting, the Requiem is usually given in concert form; a performance lasts around 90 minutes. Musicologist David Rosen calls it "probably the most frequently performed major choral work composed after Mozart's Requiem".
Sinnemahoning, Pennsylvania
Sinnemahoning, also known as Sinnamahoning, is an unincorporated community in Cameron County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located along Sinnemahoning Creek and Pennsylvania Route 120, 2.4 miles (3.9 km) southeast of Driftwood. Sinnemahoning has a post office with ZIP code 15861.

Cameron County, Pennsylvania
Cameron County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,547, making it  Pennsylvania's least populous county. Its county seat is Emporium. The county was created on March 29, 1860, from parts of Clinton, Elk, McKean, and Potter counties. It is named for Senator Simon Cameron. The county is part of the North Central region of the commonwealth.
Mouth assessment
A mouth assessment is performed as part of a patient's health assessment. The mouth is the beginning of the digestive system and a substantial part of the respiratory tract. Before an assessment of the mouth, patient is sometimes advised to remove any dentures. The assessment begins with a dental-health questionnaire, including questions about toothache, hoarseness, dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), altered taste or a frequent sore throat, current and previous tobacco use and alcohol consumption and any sores, lesions or bleeding of the gums.

Dysphagia
Dysphagia is difficulty in swallowing. Although classified under "symptoms and signs" in ICD-10, in some contexts it is classified as a condition in its own right.

It may be a sensation that suggests difficulty in the passage of solids or liquids from the mouth to the stomach, a lack of pharyngeal sensation or various other inadequacies of the swallowing mechanism. Dysphagia is distinguished from other symptoms including odynophagia, which is defined as painful swallowing, and globus, which is the sensation of a lump in the throat. A person can have dysphagia without odynophagia (dysfunction without pain), odynophagia without dysphagia (pain without dysfunction) or both together. A psychogenic dysphagia is known as phagophobia.
Hickey
A hickey, often referred to as a love bite in British English and specialised use, is a bruise or bruise-like mark caused by biting or sucking the skin of a person, usually on their neck, arm, or earlobe. While biting may be part of giving a hickey, sucking is sufficient to burst small superficial blood vessels under the skin to produce bruising. A hickey is sometimes used to mark someone as being the target of a partner's romantic affection or as belonging to them.

Blood vessel
Blood vessels  are the tubular structures of a circulatory system transporting blood in animal bodies. Blood vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to most of the tissues of a body, and also transport waste products and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. Some tissues – such as cartilage, epithelium, and the lens and cornea of the eye – are not supplied with blood vessels, so are termed avascular.

There are five types of blood vessels: the arteries, which carry the blood away from the heart; the arterioles; the capillaries, where the exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and tissues occurs; the venules; and the veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart.

The word, vascular, is derived from the Latin vas, meaning vessel, and is used in reference to blood vessels.
Californium(III) oxychloride
Californium oxychloride (CfOCl) is a radioactive actinide salt first discovered in measurable quantities in 1960. It is composed of a single californium cation and oxychloride consisting of one chloride and one oxide anion. It was the first californium compound ever isolated.

Oxide
An oxide (/ˈɒksaɪd/) is a chemical compound containing at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula. "Oxide" itself is the dianion (anion bearing a net charge of −2) of oxygen, an O2− ion with oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. Most of the Earth's crust consists of oxides. Even materials considered pure elements often develop an oxide coating. For example, aluminium foil develops a thin skin of Al2O3 (called a passivation layer) that protects the foil from further oxidation.
Kampil
Kampil, historically known as Kampilya, is a town and a Nagar panchayat in Farrukhabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.  It is located about 45 km from Farrukhabad, and 55 km from Budaun. It is a very important place from a historical point of view.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Robert Kirshner
Robert P. Kirshner (born August 15, 1949) is an American astronomer, Chief Program Officer for Science for the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and the Clowes Research Professor of Science at Harvard University. Kirshner has worked in several areas of astronomy including the physics of supernovae, supernova remnants, the large-scale structure of the cosmos, and the use of supernovae to measure the expansion of the universe.

American Astronomical Society
The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes spoken as "double-A-S") is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The primary objective of the AAS is to promote the advancement of astronomy and closely related branches of science, while the secondary purpose includes enhancing astronomy education and providing a political voice for its members through lobbying and grassroots activities. Its current mission is to enhance and share humanity's scientific understanding of the universe as a diverse and inclusive astronomical community.
Joan Perelló
Joan Perelló Alejo (born 6 October 1993, in Palma) is a Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle racer. He is the cousin of the world champion in the 2017 Moto3 World Championship & 2020 MotoGP World Championship, Joan Mir.

2017 Moto3 World Championship
The 2017 FIM Moto3 World Championship was a part of the 69th F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship season.

Brad Binder was the reigning series champion but did not defend his title as he joined the series' intermediate class, Moto2.

The riders' championship title was won by Leopard Racing rider Joan Mir with 10 victories and 13 podiums finishes.
1930 Java Championship
The 1930 Perserikatan season (known as the Java Championship) was the inaugural season of the Indonesian Perserikatan football competition since its establishment in 1930.

It was contested by 4 teams as Bond Mataram, Solo Voetbalbond (S.V.B.), Surabaja Indies Voetbalbond (S.I.V.B.) and Voetbalbond Indies Jakarta (V.I.J.). V.I.J. won the championship.

Persebaya Surabaya
Persatuan Sepakbola Surabaya (lit. 'Football Association of Surabaya'), commonly known as Persebaya Surabaya or simply Persebaya (Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈpersɛbaja]), is an Indonesian professional football club based in Surabaya, East Java. The club currently plays in the Super League, the top flight of Indonesian football. Persebaya Surabaya is regarded as one of the most iconic and successful teams in the country, winning numerous Indonesian League titles and tournaments.
Alfred Altenberg
Alfred Altenberg  (1878 in Warsaw – May 8, 1924, in Lviv) was a Polish bookseller and publisher.

He worked in Lviv. In 1897 he took over the family business, Wydawnictwo Altenberga, from his father Herman (1848–1885), and ran the Herman Alternberg Book Store. He published numerous illustrated classics of Polish literature, reproductions of works of Artur Grottger, Szymon Askenazy, books about art and drama and a series of popular science knowledge and life books, amongst others.

Szymon Askenazy
Szymon Askenazy (December 24, 1865, Zawichost – June 22, 1935, Warsaw) was a Jewish-Polish historian, educator, statesman and diplomat, founder of the Askenazy school.

He was the first Polish representative at the League of Nations. His work as a historian was influential in defining the creation and history of the Polish nation.
2017 Fred's 250
The 2017 Fred's 250 powered by Coca-Cola was the 19th stock car race of the 2017 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, the third race of the 2017 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series playoffs, the third and final race of the Round of 8, and the 12th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, October 14, 2017, in Lincoln, Alabama at Talladega Superspeedway, a 2.66 miles (4.28 km) permanent D-shaped superspeedway. The race was extended from 94 laps to 95 laps, due to a NASCAR overtime finish. At race's end, Parker Kligerman, driving for Henderson Motorsports, took advantage of the lead on the final restart, and earned his second career NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win, after a caution came out on the final lap. To fill out the podium, Christopher Bell and Myatt Snider of Kyle Busch Motorsports would finish second and third, respectively.

Christopher Bell, Johnny Sauter, Matt Crafton, Ben Rhodes, Austin Cindric, and John Hunter Nemechek would advance into the Round of 6.

Austin Cindric
Austin Louis Cindric (born September 2, 1998) is an American professional auto racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 2 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for Team Penske. He also competes part-time in the Supercars Championship, driving the No. 5 Ford Mustang S650 for Tickford Racing.

Prior to competing in stock cars, Cindric raced in a variety of disciplines, including sports cars, the Road to Indy ladder, and the Global RallyCross Championship. His first NASCAR start came in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series in 2015, and he finished third in that series' standings in 2017 before moving up to the Xfinity Series. He won the 2020 NASCAR Xfinity Series Championship and the 2022 Daytona 500.
Silver Burdett
Silver Burdett was an American primary education textbook publishing imprint previously operated by Pearson Education, which is a division of media conglomerate Pearson PLC. The trademark was last owned by Savvas Learning Company.

Textbook
A textbook is a book containing a comprehensive compilation of content in a branch of study serving to explain the subject. Textbooks are produced to meet the needs of educators, usually at educational institutions, as well as learners (who could be independent learners outside of formal education). Schoolbooks are textbooks and other books used in schools. Today, many textbooks are published in both print and digital formats.
East Germany at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Athletes from East Germany (German Democratic Republic, called DDR in the opening ceremony) competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 297 competitors, 231 men and 66 women, took part in 161 events in 18 sports.

Renate Stecher
Renate Stecher (German pronunciation: [ʁənaːtə ˈʃtɛçɐ], audioⓘ; née Renate Meißner; born 12 May 1950) is a German (former East German) sprint runner and a triple Olympic champion. She held 34 world records and was the first woman to run 100 metres within 11 seconds.
Siege of Lochem (1582)
The siege of Lochem also known as the Relief of Lochem was a siege that took place in the Dutch city of Lochem during the Eighty Years' War. The city was relieved by a States army under Count Philip of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein and William Louis of Nassau-Dillenburg and John Norreys on September 24, 1582. This marked the end of the Spanish siege of the city by the Spanish general Francisco Verdugo.

Zutphen
Zutphen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzʏtfə(n)] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Zutfent) is a city and municipality located in the province of Gelderland, Netherlands. It lies some 30 km (18.6 mi) northeast of Arnhem, on the eastern bank of the river IJssel at the point where it is joined by the Berkel. First mentioned in the 11th century, the place-name appears to mean "south fen" (zuid-veen in modern Dutch). In 2005, the municipality of Zutphen was merged with the municipality of Warnsveld, retaining its name. In 2021, the municipality had a population of 48,111.
Fløyen
Fløyen or Fløyfjellet is a mountain in Bergen Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is one of the "seven city mountains" that surround the centre of the city of Bergen. Its highest point is 400 m (1,300 ft) above sea level. The name could originate from fløystangen or a weather vane that was set up to indicate the direction of the wind for sailing ships. The view of the Bergen Peninsula makes Fløyfjellet a popular attraction among tourists and locals alike. The Fløibanen funicular transports passengers from the centre of Bergen to a height of 320 m (1,050 ft) in roughly eight minutes.

Weather vane
A wind vane, weather vane, or weathercock is a type of anemoscope used for showing the direction of the wind. It is typically used as an architectural ornament to the highest point of a building. The word vane comes from the Old English word fana, meaning "flag".

Although partly functional, wind vanes are generally decorative, often featuring the traditional cockerel design with letters indicating the points of the compass. Other common motifs include ships, arrows, and horses. Not all wind vanes have pointers. In a sufficiently strong wind, the head of the arrow or cockerel (or equivalent) will indicate the direction from which the wind is blowing.

Wind vanes are also found on small wind turbines to keep the wind turbine pointing into the wind. If employed on a boat, they are referred to as apparent wind indicators.
XHCUL-FM
XHCUL-FM is a noncommercial social radio station broadcasting on 104.9 FM in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. The station is owned by a non-profit foundation associated with Capital Media and operated by Vibra Radio group, airing a women's talk format known as "La Bella". The station shares a transmitter site with XHNW-FM and XHFCS-FM in Culiacán.

Fundación Cultural para la Sociedad Mexicana
Fundación Cultural para la Sociedad Mexicana, A.C. (Cultural Foundation for the Mexican Society) is a Mexican civil association whose primary activity is the operation of radio stations.

The radio stations owned by FCSM are noncommercial (social) stations with Radio Maria programming. This is noteworthy, as Mexican law restricts religious programming on radio and prohibits the ownership of broadcast outlets by religious associations.
Napoleon as Mars the Peacemaker (Milan)
Napoleon as Mars the Peacemaker is a bronze cast of the marble sculpture of the same name by Antonio Canova. It was commissioned from Canova in spring 1807 by Charles-Jean-Marie Alquier, French ambassador to Rome, commissioned it from Canova for 5,000 Louis as a gift to Eugene de Beauharnais, viceroy of the Kingdom of Italy. It was cast in 1811 and De Beauharnais sent it to Milan in May 1812, but the city found it difficult to find a site for it. It was finally moved to its present site in the main courtyard of the Palazzo di Brera (now the Pinacoteca di Brera and inaugurated there on 14 August 1859 during Napoleon III's visit.

Louis d'or
The Louis d'or (French pronunciation: [lwi dɔʁ]) is any number of French coins first introduced by Louis XIII in 1640.  The name derives from the depiction of the portrait of King Louis on one side of the coin; the French royal coat of arms is on the reverse.  The coin was replaced by the French franc at the time of the revolution and later the similarly valued Napoléon. The actual value of the coins fluctuated according to monetary and fiscal policy (see livre tournois), but in 1726 the value was stabilized.

The 1640 issue of Louis d’or contained five denominations: a half Louis and a one, two, four, and eight Louis. All subsequent issues through 1793 were only denominated in half, one, and two Louis.
Acrocalymma
Acrocalymma is a fungal genus in the family Lophiostomataceae. It was circumscribed in 1987 by Australian botanists John L. Alcorn and John Irwin to contain the species A. medicaginis, found to cause crown and root disease of alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek words acros ("at tip") and calymma ("hood"). Acrocalymma aquatica, discovered in northern Thailand, was added to the genus in 2012.

Alfalfa
Alfalfa (/ælˈfælfə/; in North America), lucerne (in the United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand), Medicago sativa is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world and is used for grazing, hay, and silage, as well as a green manure and cover crop. It has also been cultivated as livestock fodder since at least the era of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Alfalfa has clusters of small purple flowers followed by fruits spiraled in two to three turns containing 10–20 seeds. It is native to warmer temperate climates.