hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 Oracle Challenger Series – Indian Wells – Men's doubles
Austin Krajicek and Jackson Withrow were the defending champions but only Withrow chose to defend his title, partnering Mitchell Krueger. Withrow lost in the first round to Lloyd Harris and Ruan Roelofse.

JC Aragone and Marcos Giron won the title after defeating Darian King and Hunter Reese 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Mitchell Krueger
Mitchell Krueger (born January 12, 1994) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 135, achieved on 18 July 2022 and a doubles ranking of No. 173, achieved on 27 April 2015.
Nadine Hofstetter
Nadine Hofstetter (born 21 October 1994) is a Swiss ice hockey player and member of the Swiss national ice hockey team, currently playing in the Women's League (SWHL A) with the SC Reinach Damen.

Hofstetter represented Switzerland at the 2021 IIHF Women's World Championship. As a junior player with the Swiss national under-18 team, she participated in the IIHF Women's U18 World Championships in 2010 (at the Division I level), 2011, and 2012.

2011 IIHF World Women's U18 Championship
The 2011 IIHF World Women's U18 Championship was the fourth junior female world ice hockey championships. It was held from 1 January through 8 January 2011, in Stockholm, Sweden. The championship was the Under-18 junior ice hockey edition of the women worlds, organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).
Aron Ralston
Aron Lee Ralston (born October 27, 1975) is an American mountaineer, mechanical engineer, and motivational speaker, known for surviving a canyoneering accident in 2003 by cutting off part of his own right arm.

On April 26, 2003, during a solo descent of Bluejohn Canyon in southeastern Utah, he dislodged a boulder, pinning his right wrist to the side of the canyon wall. After five days, he had to break his forearm and amputate it with a dull pocket knife to break free. He then made his way through the rest of the canyon, rappelled down a 65-foot (20 m) drop, and hiked 7 miles (11 km) before being rescued.

The incident is documented in Ralston's autobiography Between a Rock and a Hard Place, which was later adapted into the film 127 Hours, in which he is portrayed by James Franco.

After the accident, he continued mountaineering and became the first person to ascend all of Colorado's fourteeners solo in winter.

Multi-tool
A multi-tool (or multitool) is a hand tool that combines several individual functions in a single unit. The smallest are credit-card or key sized units designed for carrying in a wallet or on a keyring, but others are designed to be carried in a trouser pocket or belt-mounted pouch.
Meramec State Park
Meramec State Park is a public recreation area located near Sullivan, Missouri, about 60 miles from St. Louis, along the Meramec River. The park has diverse ecosystems such as hardwood forests and glades. There are over 40 caves located throughout the park, the bedrock is dolomite. The most famous is Fisher Cave, located near the campgrounds. The park borders the Meramec Conservation Area.

Glade (geography)
In the most general sense, a glade or clearing is an open area within a forest. Glades are often grassy meadows under the canopy of deciduous trees such as red alder or quaking aspen in western North America. They also represent openings in forests where local conditions such as avalanches, poor soils, or fire damage have created semipermanent clearings. They are very important to herbivorous animals, such as deer and elk, for forage and denning activities.

Sometimes the word is used in a looser sense, as in the treeless wetlands of the Everglades of Florida. In the central United States, calcareous glades occur with rocky, prairie-like habitats in areas of shallow soil.

Glades are characterized by unique plant and animal communities that are adapted to harsh and dry conditions.
Swamplandia!
Swamplandia! is a 2011 novel by the American writer Karen Russell. The novel is set in the Ten Thousand Islands, off the southwest coast of Florida, it tells the story of the Bigtree family of alligator wrestlers who live in Swamplandia! an alligator-wrestling theme park. Swamplandia! is Russell's first novel. The book originated as a short story, titled "Ava Wrestles the Alligator", published in the Summer 2006 issue of the literary magazine Zoetrope: All-Story, when Russell was 24 years old, and later collected in her 2006 debut collection, St. Lucy's Home for Girls Raised by Wolves.

Alligator
An alligator, or colloquially gator, is a large reptile in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae in the order Crocodilia. The two extant species are the American alligator (A. mississippiensis) and the Chinese alligator (A. sinensis). Additionally, several extinct species of alligator are known from fossil remains. Alligators first appeared during the late Eocene epoch about 37 million years ago.

The term "alligator" is likely an anglicized form of el lagarto, Spanish for "the lizard", which early Spanish explorers and settlers in Florida called the alligator. Early English spellings of the name included allagarta and alagarto.

Alligators are notable for their ability to inhabit climates that are considerably more temperate than those of most other crocodilians. Although they generally prefer subtropical to tropical regions, they are also capable of surviving colder winters in the northern parts of their range.
Herefordshire Football League (1899)
The Herefordshire County League was an English football league based in the county of Herefordshire. The league, which is sponsored by Supercraft Structures Limited, currently has three divisions – the Premier Division, Division One, and Division Two. The league was affiliated to the Herefordshire County FA.

Whilst the Herefordshire League was not officially part of the National League System, clubs who won this league could apply to enter the lower division of the West Midlands (Regional) League. This effectively (though unofficially) put the top division of the league at level 13 of the English football league system.

The league occasionally had clubs from Wales as members – most recently in 2010, Hay St. Mary's entered their third team into the league in the Premier Division.

The League was wound up at the end of the 2015–16 season and replaced by The Herefordshire FA County League.

National League System (football)
The National League System comprises the six levels of the English football league system immediately below the level of the English Football League. It comes under the jurisdiction of the Football Association. The National League System has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels. For details of leagues above and below the National League System, see the English football league system.

The system underwent a rearrangement from 2004 to 2008 and was rearranged again in 2018. Phase one went into operation in 2004–05. At the start of the 2006–07 season, phase two was introduced, and a further phase three started from 2007–08 with the starting of a second Step 4 league in the north of England. Phase four took effect in 2018–19. Ahead of the 2020–21 season, Step 7 was abolished, being replaced by feeder leagues overseen by local county FAs.
Boubou Macoutes
Les Boubou Macoutes was the popular nickname of special inspectors who investigated and visited the homes of those suspected of welfare fraud in the Canadian province of Quebec during the second government of Premier Robert Bourassa, in the 1990s.

The phrase derives from a combination of Boubou, the popular nickname of Robert Bourassa, and the Tonton Macoutes – the secret police of Haiti under Papa Doc (François Duvalier) and Baby Doc (Jean-Claude Duvalier).

his expression reappeared in the 2010s, in the same context.

Tonton Macoute
The Tonton Macoute (Haitian Creole: Tonton Makout [tɔ̃tɔ̃ makut]) or simply the Macoute, was a Haitian paramilitary and secret police force created in 1959 by dictator François "Papa Doc" Duvalier. Haitians named this force after the Haitian mythological bogeyman, Tonton Macoute ("Uncle Gunnysack"), who kidnaps and punishes unruly children by snaring them in a gunny sack (macoute) before carrying them off to be consumed for breakfast. The Macoute were known for their brutality, state terrorism, and assassinations. In 1970, the militia was renamed the Volontaires de la Sécurité Nationale (VSN, English: National Security Volunteers). Though formally disbanded in 1986, its members continued to terrorize the country.
Order of Aeronautical Merit (Brazil)
The Order of Aeronautical Merit (Portuguese: Ordem do Mérito Aeronáutico) is an award of the Brazilian Air Force, established on 1 November 1943 by President Getúlio Vargas.  The order is presented in five grades and recognizes distinguished service and exceptional contributions to the Brazilian Air Force.

President of Brazil
The president of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente do Brasil), officially the president of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente da República Federativa do Brasil) or simply the President of the Republic, is the head of state and head of government of Brazil.

The presidential system was established in 1889, upon the proclamation of the republic in a military coup d'état against Emperor Pedro II. Since then, Brazil has had six constitutions, three dictatorships, and three democratic periods. The Constitution of Brazil, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities of the president, their term of office and the method of election.

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is the 39th and current president. He was sworn in on 1 January 2023.
A Grain of Wheat
A Grain of Wheat is a historical novel written by Kenyan novelist Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o, first published as part of the influential Heinemann African Writers Series. It was written while he was studying at Leeds University and first published in 1967 by Heinemann. The title is taken from the Gospel of John, 12:24.

The novel weaves together several stories set during the state of emergency in Kenya's struggle for independence (1952–59), focusing on the quiet Mugo, whose life is ruled by a dark secret. The plot revolves around his home village's preparations for Kenya's independence day celebration, Uhuru day. On that day, former resistance fighters General R and Koinandu plan on publicly executing the traitor who betrayed Kihika (a heroic resistance fighter hailing from the village).

In 2022, A Grain of Wheat was included on the "Big Jubilee Read" list of 70 books by Commonwealth authors, selected to celebrate the Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II.

Big Jubilee Read
The Big Jubilee Read is a 2022 campaign to promote reading for pleasure and to celebrate the Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II. A list of 70 books by Commonwealth authors, 10 from each decade of Elizabeth II's reign, was selected by a panel of experts and announced by the BBC and The Reading Agency on 18 April 2022.
Practical reason
In philosophy, practical reason is the use of reason to decide how to act. It contrasts with theoretical reason, often called speculative reason, the use of reason to decide what to believe. For example, agents use practical reason to decide whether to build a telescope, but theoretical reason to decide which of two theories of light and optics is the best.

Instrumental and value rationality
The terms "Instrumental rationality" and "value rationality" refer to two types of action identified by sociologist Max Weber.

Instrumental rationality is a type of social action where the means are rationally chosen to efficiently achieve a specific end. Value rationality is social action driven by a conscious, unconditional belief in the value of the action itself, independent of its success or consequences.

The terms were introduced by sociologist Max Weber, who observed people attaching subjective meanings to their actions.  Acts people treated as conditional means he labeled "instrumentally rational." Acts people treated as unconditional ends he labeled "value-rational."
Schick models of Jerusalem
The Schick models of Jerusalem are notable wooden models of buildings and areas in the city of Jerusalem constructed by Conrad Schick in the late 19th century. The series of models covered the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the Islamic buildings of Al-Aqsa on the Temple Mount and the terrain beneath it, as well as replicas of the Jewish Temple based on the information available in his time, and benefitting from his architectural knowledge.

Schick's monograph on the Temple Mount, Die Stiftshütte ("The Tabernacle"), is primarily a commentary on his models.

Conrad Schick
Conrad Schick (1822–1901) was a German architect, archaeologist and Protestant missionary who settled in Jerusalem in the mid-nineteenth century. For many decades, he was head of the "House of Industry" at the Christ Church, which was the institute for vocational training of the London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews.

In 1869 he was appointed as a Hofbaumeister by Charles I of Württemberg for his work in Jerusalem.
Triage (film)
Triage is a 2009 drama film written and directed by Danis Tanović and starring Colin Farrell, Paz Vega, Branko Đurić and Christopher Lee. The film’s plot is a dark tale of a photojournalist (Farrell) who comes home after a dangerous assignment in Kurdistan during the 1988, Anfal genocide against the Kurdish people. The film focuses on the psychological effects of war on a photo journalist.  It is based on the novel Triage by American veteran war correspondent Scott Anderson.

Danis Tanović
Danis Tanović (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Данис Тановић; born 20 February 1969) is a Bosnian film director and screenwriter. He is the recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award, as well as nominations for the Golden Bear and the Palme d'Or.

Tanović is known for having directed and written the script for the film No Man's Land (2001), which won him many awards, including an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film. He has also written and directed the award-winning films An Episode in the Life of an Iron Picker (2013) and Death in Sarajevo (2016).
Mickey 17 (soundtrack)
Mickey 17 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score composed by Jung Jae-il to the 2025 science fiction black comedy film Mickey 17 directed by Bong Joon Ho, starring Robert Pattinson, Naomi Ackie, Steven Yeun, Toni Collette and Mark Ruffalo. Mickey 17's score is composed by Jung Jae-il which was released through WaterTower Music on February 28, 2025.

Mickey 17
Mickey 17 is a 2025 science fiction black comedy film written, produced, and directed by Bong Joon Ho, based on the 2022 novel Mickey7 by Edward Ashton. The film stars Robert Pattinson in the title role, alongside Naomi Ackie, Steven Yeun, Patsy Ferran, Cameron Britton, Daniel Henshall, Stephen Park, Anamaria Vartolomei, Toni Collette, and Mark Ruffalo. Set in the year 2054, the plot follows a man who joins a space colony voyage as an "Expendable", a disposable worker who is cloned every time he dies. The film differs significantly from the novel, meaning that the novel's sequel, Antimatter Blues, most likely cannot be adapted into a film.

Mickey 17 had its world premiere at Leicester Square in London on February 13, 2025, and was released theatrically by Warner Bros. Pictures in South Korea on February 28, and in the United States on March 7. The film received generally positive reviews from critics and grossed $133 million worldwide.
Lau (Fijian Communal Constituency, Fiji)
Lau Fijian Provincial Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 23 communal constituencies reserved for indigenous Fijians. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 48 seats, 23 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage). The electorate covered the Lau Islands archipelago and was coextensive with Lau Province.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

Lau Islands
The Lau Islands (also called the Lau Group, the Eastern Group, the Eastern Archipelago) of Fiji are situated in the southern Pacific Ocean, just east of the Koro Sea. Of this chain of about sixty islands and islets, about thirty are inhabited.  The Lau Group covers a land area of 188 square miles (487 square km), and had a population of 10,683 at the most recent census in 2007.  While most of the northern Lau Group are high islands of volcanic origin, those of the south are mostly carbonate low islands.

Administratively the islands belong to Lau Province.
Bird Technologies
Bird provides radio frequency communication products, services, calibration and training for the semiconductor, public security, cellular networks, broadcasting, military, government and medical industries.

Bird's product portfolio includes RF power sensors, RF power meters, wattmeters, vector network analyzers, spectrum analyzers, antenna and cable testers,  attenuators, RF terminations and loads, RF IQC recording solutions, RF signal generation, and RF software analysis tools.

Radio frequency
Radio frequency (RF) is the oscillation rate of an alternating electric current or voltage or of a magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in the frequency range from around 20 kHz to around 300 GHz. These are the frequencies at which energy from an oscillating current can radiate off a conductor into space as radio waves, so they are used in radio technology, among other uses.  Different sources specify different upper and lower bounds for the frequency range.
Sturgeon poacher
The sturgeon poacher (Podothecus accipenserinus), also known as the sturgeon-like sea-poacher in Canada, is a fish in the family Agonidae. It was described by Wilhelm Gottlieb Tilesius von Tilenau in 1813. It is a marine, temperate water-dwelling fish which is known from the northern Pacific Ocean, including the western Bering Sea, Cape Navarin, the Commander Islands, the Sea of Okhotsk, the Aleutian Islands, and northern California, USA. It dwells at a depth range of 2 to 710 metres (6.6 to 2,329.4 ft), and inhabits soft benthic sediments. Males can reach a maximum total length of 30.5 centimetres (12.0 in).

The Sturgeon poacher's diet consists of bony fish, crustaceans such as amphipods, copepods and shrimp, and annelid worms.

Copepod
Copepods (/ˈkoʊpəpɒd/; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.
Nippon Bass Club
The Nippon Bass Club (日本バスクラブ) is the largest amateur sports fishing club in Japan.

This organization has been known to sponsor Japanese fishing games like JB The Super Bass. A salt water chapter is included in order to support salt water fishing in Japan. Hundreds of kilograms of fish are caught by the members of the Nippon Bass Club every year. One of the more notable members is Mr. Shoichi Terai; who runs a private bass fishing school on Lake Kasumigaura.

The organization has local chapters in regions like Fukuoka, Aichi, and Kyoto. One of the primary sponsors of this organization is Gary Yamamoto's Custom Baits.

Lake Kasumigaura
Lake Kasumigaura (霞ヶ浦, Kasumigaura) is the second-largest lake in Japan, located 60 km to the north-east of Tokyo.

In a narrower sense and officially, Lake Kasumigaura refers to a waterbody with an area of 167.63 km2. In a wider sense, Lake Kasumigaura can also refer to a group of contiguous lakes, which includes Lake Kasumigaura proper, hereby referred to as Nishiura (西浦), and two smaller lakes, Kitaura (北浦; 35.16 km2 ) and Sotonasakaura (外浪逆浦; 5.85 km2 ), and also encompasses the rivers connecting them. In this case the total area is 220 km2.

About 45% of the land surrounding the lake is natural landscape and 43.5% is agricultural land.
Kaiser (lunar crater)
Kaiser is a lunar impact crater. It lies in the crater-riddled terrain in the southern part of the Moon's near side. It was named after the Dutch astronomer Frederik Kaiser. The crater is nearly attached to the northeast rim the slightly larger crater Fernelius, and the two are separated by an irregular patch of ground only a few kilometers wide. To the northwest of Kaiser lies Nonius, a crater remnant.

The rim of this crater is heavily worn from impact erosion, and the features have been generally softened and rounded. Parts of the southern inner wall has become incised, and the elongated satellite crater Kaiser A lies across the eastern rim. The interior floor of Kaiser is relatively featureless, being marked only by a few tiny craterlets.

Terrain
Terrain (from Latin  terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of a land. In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.
18-J
18-j is a 2004 Argentine docudrama film. The motion picture is a collection of ten, ten-minute shorts, by ten Argentine directors. The film focuses on the July 18, 1994, bombing of the AMIA Building in Buenos Aires, where 86 people were killed and 300 others wounded. The perpetrators were never caught. AMIA is the Argentine Israelite Mutual Association, a charity, and the attack is considered the largest single incident of terrorism against Jews since World War II.

The film is a tribute to the memory of the victims from the Argentine cinema community, producers, and directors, and released on the ten-year anniversary of the attack. Each director portrays his or her memory and impressions of the event in their own way. The ten short films are shown in a sequence. The picture was co-produced by the INCAA (Instituto Nacional de Cine y Artes Audiovisuales) and ten of the most active Argentine producers. The film opens with a brief introduction by Argentine actor Norma Aleandro.

Norma Aleandro
Norma Aleandro (born 2 May 1936) is an Argentine actress. She is considered one of the most celebrated and prolific Argentine actresses of all time and is recognized as a cultural icon in her home country.

Aleandro starred in the 1985 film The Official Story, a role that earned her the Cannes Award for best actress. She has performed in other successful films like The Truce (1974), Cousins (1989), Autumn Sun (1996), The Lighthouse (1998), Son of the Bride (2001) and Cama Adentro (2005). For her performance as Florencia Sánchez Morales in the 1987 film Gaby: A True Story, she received a Golden Globe nomination and an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress.

Aleandro wrote the 1970 film The Inheritors and performed in various plays such as August: Osage County. Aleandro also appeared in the Argentine adaptation of BeTipul, the critically successful En terapia.