hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acaena tesca
Acaena tesca is a species of low growing perennial plant restricted to the upper slopes of the mountains of central Otago and northern Southland in the South Island of New Zealand.

This plant spreads using subterranean stems and forms mats in suitable areas. Its habitat is among the high, bleak tussock grasslands of central South Island, growing between tussocks and around rock outcrops. It can be distinguished from its closest congeners by the glaucous leaves with red teeth and its spreading, mat-forming (rather than compact) habit. Flowering occurs in January with fruit being produced in February and March.

Glaucous
Glaucous (from Latin  glaucus, from Ancient Greek  γλαυκός (glaukós) 'blue-green, blue-grey') is used to describe the pale grey or bluish-green appearance of the surfaces of some plants, as well as in the names of birds, such as the glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus), glaucous-winged gull (Larus glaucescens), glaucous macaw (Anodorhynchus glaucus), and glaucous tanager (Thraupis glaucocolpa).

The term glaucous is also used botanically as an adjective to mean "covered with a greyish, bluish, or whitish waxy coating or bloom that is easily rubbed off" (e.g. glaucous leaves).

The first recorded use of glaucous as a color name in English was in the year 1671.
Adrián Pedrozo Castillo
Adrián Pedrozo Castillo (born 8 July 1948) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution. He served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the Federal District.

LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LX Legislature (60th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 1, 2006, to September 1, 2009. All members of both the lower and upper houses of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2006.
Translation surface
In mathematics a translation surface is a surface obtained from identifying the sides of a polygon in the Euclidean plane by translations. An equivalent definition is a Riemann surface together with a holomorphic 1-form.

These surfaces arise in dynamical systems where they can be used to model billiards, and in Teichmüller theory. A particularly interesting subclass is that of Veech surfaces (named after William A. Veech) which are the most symmetric ones.

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
G Liner
De Guia Enterprises, Inc. (G Liner) is one of the oldest city bus companies in the Philippines and is the oldest bus company operating in Manila. The company serves its routes along central Metro Manila areas (along with EMBC) and along EDSA corridor under Marikina Auto Line Transport Corporation (MALTC).

Rodriguez, Rizal
Rodriguez, officially the Municipality of Rodriguez (Tagalog: Bayan ng Rodriguez) and still commonly known by its former name Montalban, is a municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 451,383 people, making it the most populous municipality in the country.

The town is one of the richest municipalities in the country, ranking third in 2016 with an income of ₱691 million.
Anders Hagfeldt
Anders Hagfeldt (born 16 February 1964) is a Swedish material scientist. Since 2021 he has been vice-chancellor of Uppsala University, where he is a professor of physical chemistry and where he received his PhD in 1993.

His h-index – according to Scopus – is 157, based on 677 published documents. Times Higher Education listed him as the 46th top material scientist of the past decade. His memberships include the European Academy of Sciences and Arts, the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala, the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He has an honorary doctorate from the Université Paris Diderot and is a professeur honoraire of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland.

He is deputy editor-in-chief of the Journal of Materials Chemistry A.

He received the Björkén Prize in 2016.

In September 2023 he was cleared in a research misconduct case.

Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala
The Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala (Swedish: Kungliga Vetenskaps-Societeten i Uppsala), is the oldest of the royal academies in Sweden, having been founded in 1710. The society has, by royal decree of 1906, 50 Swedish fellows and 100 foreign.

Early members included Emanuel Swedenborg and Anders Celsius.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences was founded in Stockholm 1739. Its founders, some of whom were members of the Uppsala academy, specifically wanted a different academy.
Kill Zone (album)
Kill Zone is the eighth album by rapper Philthy Rich released on June 26, 2012. It peaked at #40 on the Top Heatseekers Albums chart, making it his first album to chart on the Heatseekers.

Music videos have been filmed for the songs "Light It Up", "Kill Zone", "They Ain't Authentic", "True Religion Shawty", "I'll Find a Way (Dedicated to Dre Freddi)", "My Mex B***h", "3 B****es at the Same Time", "Thinking of You", "Renegade Alert", "I'm Just Pimp'n"., "A Seminary N***a" and "All I Have" featuring Sam.

An album for the leaked tracks that were originally going to be on ''Kill Zone'', ''Kill Zone: The Leak'', was released on March 28, 2012. It features guest appearances from Bobby V, Waka Flocka Flame, Berner and Kafani, among others.

Waka Flocka Flame
Juaquin James Malphurs (born May 31, 1986), known professionally as Waka Flocka Flame, is an American rapper. He first became known for his 2009 single "O Let's Do It", which entered the Billboard Hot 100 and led him to sign with Gucci Mane's 1017 Records, an imprint of Warner Records that same year. His 2010 follow-up single, "No Hands" (featuring Roscoe Dash and Wale), reached number 13 on the chart and received diamond certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Both songs, along with "Hard in da Paint" and "Grove St. Party" (featuring Kebo Gotti), preceded the release of his debut studio album Flockaveli (2010), which peaked at number six on the Billboard 200. His second studio album, Triple F Life: Friends, Fans & Family (2012) peaked at number ten on the chart and was supported by the singles "Round of Applause" (featuring Drake), "I Don't Really Care" (featuring Trey Songz) and "Get Low" (featuring Tyga, Nicki Minaj and Flo Rida).
Speed skating at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Women's mass start
The women's mass start competition in speed skating  at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held on 19 February, at the National Speed Skating Oval ("Ice Ribbon") in Beijing. Irene Schouten of the Netherlands won the event, her third gold and fourth overall medal at these Olympics. Ivanie Blondin of Canada won her first individual Olympic medal, the silver. Francesca Lollobrigida of Italy won the bronze medal.

The defending champion was Nana Takagi. She entered the competition, fell in her semifinal, and did not qualify to the final. The silver medalist, Kim Bo-reum, and the bronze medalist, Schouten, qualified for the Olympics as well. Marijke Groenewoud was the 2021 World Single Distances champion in mass start, with Blondin and Schouten being the silver and bronze medalists, respectively. Blondin was leading the 2021–22 ISU Speed Skating World Cup in mass start with three events completed before the Olympics, followed by Lollobrigida, Guo Dan, and Elizaveta Golubeva.

Marijke Groenewoud
Marijke Groenewoud (born 28 January 1999) is a Dutch long-distance long-track speed skater and inline speed skater. As a long-track speed skater she won a gold medal in the mass start and a silver medal in the team pursuit at the 2026 Winter Olympics, as well as a bronze medal in the team pursuit at the 2022 Winter Olympics. She was part of Team FrySk and of marathon team Royal A-ware. As of 2020 she is part of Team Zaanlander, trained by Jillert Anema.
Al-Manajir
al-Manajir (Arabic: المناجير, Kurdish: مەناجیر, romanized: Menacîr), often referred to as Manajir, Manajer or Manjar, is a town in northwestern al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria. At the 2004 census, al-Manajir had a population of 12,156.

Khabur
The Khabur River is the largest perennial tributary to the Euphrates in Syria. Although the Khabur originates in Turkey, the karstic springs around Ras al-Ayn are the river's main source of water. Several important wadis join the Khabur north of Al-Hasakah, together creating what is known as the Khabur Triangle, or Upper Khabur area. From north to south, annual rainfall in the Khabur basin decreases from over 400 mm to less than 200 mm. This has made the river a vital water source for agriculture throughout history. The Khabur joins the Euphrates near the town of Busayrah.
Betula grossa
Betula grossa, commonly known as Japanese cherry birch (Japanese: 梓 azusa), is a species of birch native to Japan, where it grows naturally in mixed woodland on hill and mountain slopes in Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. It was introduced to the West in 1896, but remains rare in cultivation.

Shikoku
Shikoku (四国, Shikoku; pronounced [ɕi̥ꜜ.ko.kɯ, ɕi̥.koꜜ.kɯ] ⓘ, lit. 'four provinces') is the smallest of the four main islands of Japan. It is 225 kilometres (140 miles) long and between 50 and 150 kilometres (30 and 95 miles) wide. It has a population of 3.8 million, the least populated of Japan's four main islands. It is south of Honshu and northeast of Kyushu. Shikoku's ancient names include Iyo-no-futana-shima (伊予之二名島), Iyo-shima (伊予島), and Futana-shima (二名島), and its current name refers to the four former provinces that make up the island: Awa, Tosa, Sanuki, and Iyo.
Margaret Wiecek
Margaret M. Wiecek (also known as Małgorzata M. Więcek) is a Polish-American operations researcher and professor of mathematical sciences at Clemson University, known for her research in multi-objective optimization, Pareto efficiency, robust design, and three-dimensional packing problems in mechanical engineering.

Wiecek earned her Ph.D. from the Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza in Kraków, Poland, in 1984, under the supervision of Henryk Górecki. She joined the Clemson faculty in 1988.

Wiecek was president of the INFORMS section on Multiple Criteria Decision Making for 2016–2017. In 2019, the International Society on Multiple Criteria Decision Making gave Wiecek their highest award, the Multiple Criteria Decision Making Gold Medal.

Taguchi methods
Taguchi methods (Japanese: タグチメソッド) are statistical methods, sometimes called robust design methods, developed by Genichi Taguchi to improve the quality of manufactured goods, and more recently also applied to engineering, biotechnology, marketing and advertising.  Professional statisticians have welcomed the goals and improvements brought about by Taguchi methods, particularly by Taguchi's development of designs for studying variation, but have criticized the inefficiency of some of Taguchi's proposals.

Taguchi's work includes three principal contributions to statistics:

A specific loss function

The philosophy of off-line quality control; and

Innovations in the design of experiments.
1983–84 Gamma Ethniki
The 1983–84 Gamma Ethniki was the first and inaugural season since the official establishment of the third tier of Greek football in 1983. Aiolikos and Almopos Aridea were crowned champions in Southern and Northern groups, respectively, thus winning promotion to Beta Ethniki. Athinaikos and Trikala also won promotion as a runners-up of the groups.

Pannafpliakos, Atromitos Piraeus, Ilisiakos, Achaiki, Panthrakikos, Pontioi Kozani and Toxotis Volos were relegated to Delta Ethniki.

Football League (Greece)
The Football League (Greek: Φούτμπολ Λιγκ), also officially known as Beta Ethniki Katigoria (Greek: Β΄ Εθνική Κατηγορία, lit. 'Second National Division'), was second-tier professional men's association football league in Greece since its inception in 1962 as Beta Ethniki and until 2019. It then served as a third-tier professional men's association football league after the creation of the Greek Super League 2 as the new second-tier professional men's association football league and it was eventually abolished in 2021 when the 2021–22 Super League 2 went from a 12 team to a 36 team league, absorbing most of the clubs from the Football League.
Chmiel (surname)
Chmiel is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beata Chmiel, Polish activist

Damian Chmiel (born 1987), Polish footballer

Fred Chmiel, American basketball coach

Juraj Chmiel (born 1960), Czech diplomat

Karol Chmiel (1911–1951), Polish resistance fighter

Małgorzata Chmiel (born 1953), Polish politician

Małgorzata Chmiel
Małgorzata Chmiel (born 1 May 1953) is a Polish politician. She was elected to the Sejm (9th term) representing the constituency of Gdańsk. She previously also served in the 8th term of the Sejm (2015–2019).
Aeromicrobium halocynthiae
Aeromicrobium halocynthiae is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus Aeromicrobium which has been isolated from the sea pineapple (Halocynthia roretzi) from the coast of Gangneungon, Korea. Aeromicrobium halocynthiae produces taurocholic acid.

Gangneung
Gangneung (Korean: 강릉; Korean pronunciation: [kaŋ.nɯŋ]) is a municipal city in the South Korean state of Gangwon, located on the east coast of South Korea. It has a population of 213,658 (as of 2017). Gangneung is the economic centre of the Yeongdong region of Gangwon State. It has many tourist attractions, such as Jeongdongjin, a very popular area for watching the sunrise, and Gyeongpo Beach. The city hosted all the ice events for the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics.
Advanced Command and Staff Course
The Advanced Command and Staff Course is a staff course for mid career military officers of the United Kingdom armed forces and allies. It is taught at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom in Shrivenham, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.

The course is provided by the Joint Services Command and Staff College of the British Armed Forces for a period of one year and receive the letters psc(j) from the Joint Services Command and Staff College as Post Staff College (Joint)(United Kingdom) (psc(j)(UK)) after completing the Advanced Command and Staff Course. The course is a successor to the staff college course formally conducted at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, the Staff College, Camberley, the RAF Staff College, Bracknell, and the Joint Service Defence College, Greenwich.

Shrivenham
Shrivenham is a village and civil parish  in the Vale of White Horse, Oxfordshire, England, about 5 miles (8 km) south-west of Faringdon. The village is close to the county boundary with Wiltshire and about 5 miles (8 km) east-northeast of the centre of Swindon. The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 2,347.  The parish is within the historic boundaries of Berkshire; the 1974 boundary changes transferred the Vale of White Horse to Oxfordshire for administrative purposes.
Internal Coordinate Mechanics
Internal Coordinate Mechanics (ICM) is a software program and algorithm to predict low-energy conformations of molecules by sampling the space of internal coordinates (bond lengths, bond angles and dihedral angles) defining molecular geometry. In ICM each molecule is constructed as a tree from an entry atom where each next atom is built iteratively from the preceding three atoms via three internal variables. The rings kept rigid or imposed via additional restraints. ICM is used for modelling peptides and interactions with substrates and coenzymes.

Bond length
In molecular geometry, bond length or bond distance is defined as the average distance between nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule. It is a transferable property of a bond between atoms of fixed types, relatively independent of the rest of the molecule.
Jérez del Marquesado
Jérez del Marquesado is a municipality in the province of Granada, southern Spain. It borders the municipalities of Cogollos de Guadix, Albuñán, Valle del Zalabí, Alquife, Lanteira, Bérchules, Trevélez, Güéjar Sierra and Lugros.

Province of Granada
The Province of Granada (Spanish: Provincia de Granada) is a province in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia in Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Albacete, Murcia, Almería, Jaén, Córdoba, Málaga, and the Mediterranean Sea (along the Costa Tropical). Its capital city is Granada.

The province has an area of 12,645.41 km2 (4,882.42 sq mi) and a population is 939,741 across its 170 municipalities.

There are certain conception about the autonomous community of Granada being separate from Andalusia. The new autonomous community would consist of the provinces of Granada, Almería and Málaga. The conception has not yet found a response.
Beit Nekofa
Beit Nekofa (Hebrew: בית נקופה) is a moshav in central Israel. Located in the Jerusalem Corridor, about 10 km west of central Jerusalem, next to Highway 1 and the Hemed Interchange, between Mevaseret Zion and Kiryat Ye'arim, south of Kiryat Anavim, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 683.

Mevaseret Zion
Mevaseret Zion (Hebrew: מבשרת ציון, lit. 'Herald of Zion') is a town and local council located 10 km (6 mi) to the west of Jerusalem, straddling both sides of the Jerusalem–Tel Aviv highway. Mevaseret Zion is composed of two distinct older townships, Maoz Zion and Mevaseret Yerushalayim, under the jurisdiction of one local council. The newer neighborhoods of Mevaseret Zion were not part of either township.

Mevaseret Zion is located on a mountain ridge 750 m (2,460 ft) above sea level, on the outskirts of Jerusalem.  In 2023 it had a population of 24,409, spread over 15 neighborhoods. It is the wealthiest municipality per capita in the Jerusalem District. Mevaseret Zion's current mayor is Yoram Shimon.
Valentina Bottarelli
Valentina Bottarelli (born 12 November 1948) is a former Italian female long-distance runner and mountain runner who won at individual senior level a silver medal at the World Mountain Running Championships.

World Mountain Running Championships
The World Mountain Running Championships (World Mountain Running Trophy until 2008), is an international mountain running competition contested by athletes of the members of WMRA, World Mountain Running Association, the sport's global governing body.

The championships include a senior men, senior women, junior men and women events and the team events of these races.

It was first held in 1985 as the World Mountain Running Trophy before obtaining its current moniker in 2009.

The 2020 championships, which were scheduled for 13–14 November in Haria, Lanzarote, Spain, were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The 2021 World Mountain and Trail Running Championships (abbreviated WMTRC 2021), held in Chiang Mai, Thailand, from November 4–6, 2022, combined the World Mountain Running Championships and IAU Trail World Championships.
Soyuz-A
Sergei Korolev initially promoted the Soyuz A-B-V circumlunar complex (7K-9K-11K) concept (also known as L1) in which a two-man craft Soyuz 7K would rendezvous with other components (9K and 11K) in Earth orbit to assemble a lunar excursion vehicle, the components being delivered by the proven R-7 rocket.

Besides the Soyuz 7K spacecraft, the complex would feature a Soyuz 9K booster and a Soyuz 11K tanker with twin whip antennas.

The 7K would have been equipped with cameras and sensors to study the lunar surface during the flyby, at a distance of 1,000 to 20,000 km from the Moon's surface. Total flight time would have been 7 to 8 days.

R-7 (rocket family)
The R-7 (Russian: Р-7) rocket family is a series of launch vehicles descended from the Soviet R-7 Semyorka, developed in the 1950s as the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). While the R-7 proved impractical as a weapon, it became a cornerstone of the Soviet and subsequent Russian space programs. Over time, its design was largely standardized into the Soyuz rocket, which continues to operate in its modernized form, the Soyuz-2. More R-7 rockets have been launched than any other family of orbital rockets.
Arthur Buchheim
Arthur Buchheim (1859-1888) was a British mathematician.

His father Carl Adolf Buchheim was professor of German language at King's College London. After attending the City of London School, Arthur Buchheim obtained an open scholarship at New College, Oxford, where he was the favorite student of Henry John Stephen Smith. He then studied at the University of Leipzig as a student of Felix Klein. Eventually, he became mathematical master at the Manchester Grammar School.

Buchheim wrote several papers of which some deal with universal algebra. For instance, his work on William Kingdon Clifford's biquaternions and Hermann Grassmann's exterior algebra which he applied to screw theory and non-Euclidean geometry, was cited by Alfred North Whitehead (1898),  as well as in Klein's encyclopedia by Élie Cartan (1908) and in more detail by Hermann Rothe (1916). He was also concerned with the matrix theory of Arthur Cayley and James Joseph Sylvester.

Klein's Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences
Felix Klein's Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences is a German mathematical encyclopedia published in six volumes from 1898 to 1933. Klein and Wilhelm Franz Meyer were organizers of the encyclopedia. Its full title in English is Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences Including Their Applications, which is Encyklopädie der mathematischen Wissenschaften mit Einschluss ihrer Anwendungen (EMW). It is 20,000 pages in length (6 volumes, i.e. Bände, published in 23 separate books  and was published by B.G. Teubner Verlag, publisher of Mathematische Annalen.

Today, Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum provides online access to all volumes, while archive.org hosts some particular parts.
Michel Dorfman
Yechiel Michel Dorfman (1913 – 30 July 2006) was a rabbi and leader of the Breslov community in Jerusalem, Israel after serving as the de facto head of the Breslover Hasidim living in post-Stalin Russia. Due to his persistence and planning, the annual Breslover Rosh Hashana kibbutz (prayer gathering) at the grave of Rebbe Nachman of Breslov in Uman, Ukraine, which began in 1811, continued in secret despite the Communist ban on religious gatherings.

Uman
Uman (Ukrainian: Умань, IPA: [ˈumɐnʲ] ⓘ, Polish: Humań, Yiddish: אומאַן) is a city in Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine. It is located to the east of Vinnytsia. Located in the east of the historical region of Podolia, the city rests on the banks of the Umanka River. Uman serves as the administrative center of Uman Raion (district). It hosts the administration of Uman urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 81,525 (2022 estimate).

Among Ukrainians, Uman is known for its mention in Taras Shevchenko's longest poem, Haidamaky ("The Haidamaks", 1841). The city is also a pilgrimage site for Breslov Hasidic Jews and a major center of gardening research containing the dendrological park Sofiyivka and the University of Gardening.

Uman (Humań) was a privately owned city of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.