hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Bullen Newton
Richard Bullen Newton, ISO, (23 February 1854 – 23 January 1926) was a British paleontologist who was between 1910 and 1912 president of the Malacological Society of London and the Conchological Society of Great Britain & Ireland.

Newton is buried at City of Westminster Cemetery, Hanwell.

The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) lists 24 marine genera and species named by him.

Conchological Society of Great Britain & Ireland
The Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland is a British-based learned society concerned with the study of molluscs and their shells. Founded in 1876, it is one of the oldest such societies in the world. It is a registered UK charity (no 208205) that anyone can join. It promotes the study of molluscs and their conservation, through meetings, publications, workshops, field meetings, and distribution recording schemes.
Collision problem
The r-to-1 collision problem is an important theoretical problem in complexity theory, quantum computing, and computational mathematics. The collision problem most often refers to the 2-to-1 version: given  even and a function , we are promised that f is either 1-to-1 or 2-to-1. We are only allowed to make queries about the value of  for any . The problem then asks how many such queries we need to make to determine with certainty whether f is 1-to-1 or 2-to-1.

Computational mathematics
Computational mathematics is a field of study that focuses on the interaction of mathematical sciences, computer science, and algorithms.

A large part of computational mathematics consists roughly of using mathematics for allowing and improving computer computation in areas of science and engineering where mathematics are useful. This involves in particular algorithm design, computational complexity, numerical methods and computer algebra.

Computational mathematics refers also to the use of computers for mathematics itself. This includes mathematical experimentation for establishing conjectures (particularly in number theory), the use of computers for proving theorems (for example the four color theorem), and the design and use of proof assistants.
Periegesis
A periegesis (Ancient Greek περιήγησις 'leading around') is a geographical survey or travelogue, sometimes also called a periodos ' journey around' [sc. the world].

It is the name of several books:

Description of Greece (Ἑλλάδος περιήγησις, Hellados Periegesis), in prose, by Pausanias

Dionysius Periegetes of Alexandria's Οικουμένης περιήγησης Periegesis of the World, in hexameter, usually translated Survey of the World
Avienius's Latin translation of Dionysius Periegetes
Priscian's Latin translation of Dionysius Periegesis Prisciani, in hexameter

Pseudo-Scymnus's Scymni Chii Periegesis, correctly called Περίοδος του Νικομήδη

Mnaseas of Patras's Periegesis or Periplus

Avienius
Postumius Rufius Festus Avienius (or Avienus) was a Latin writer of the 4th century AD. He was a native of Volsinii in Etruria, from the distinguished family of the Rufii Festi.

Avienius is not identical with the historian Festus.
Marc Ecko's Getting Up: Contents Under Pressure
Marc Ecko's Getting Up: Contents Under Pressure is a video game released in February 2006 for PlayStation 2, Windows, and Xbox. It was developed by The Collective and published by Atari under license by Ecko Unlimited. There were two editions of the game, one being a limited edition and the other being the normal release. The game was later re-published by Devolver Digital in December 2013 on Steam.

The game focuses on an amateur graffiti artist known as Trane who uses graffiti and tagging as a way to protest against the corrupt dystopic city of New Radius, in a future world where freedom of expression is suppressed by a tyrannical, Orwellian city government. The musical score for the game was produced by hip hop artist RJD2.

RJD2
Ramble Jon Krohn (born May 27, 1976), better known by his stage name RJD2, is an American musician and record producer based in Columbus, Ohio. He is the owner of record label RJ's Electrical Connections. He has been a member of groups such as Soul Position, MHz Legacy, and Icebird. His stage name derives from the popular Star Wars droid R2-D2.
Arthur Lyon Fremantle
General Sir Arthur James Lyon Fremantle GCMG CB KStJ (11 November 1835 – 25 September 1901) was a British Army officer best known for his travels through the United States during the American Civil War. Whilst holding the rank of "Captain and Lieutenant Colonel" he spent three months, from 2 April to 16 July 1863, in a tour of North America, travelling through parts of the Confederate and Union territories. Contrary to popular belief, Fremantle was not an official representative of the British government, instead being merely a war tourist.

Raphael Semmes
Raphael Semmes (/sɪmz/ SIMZ; September 27, 1809 – August 30, 1877) was an officer in the Confederate Navy during the American Civil War. He had served as an officer in the United States Navy from 1826 to 1860.

During the American Civil War, Semmes was captain of the cruiser CSS Alabama, the most successful commerce raider in maritime history, taking 65 prizes. Late in the war, he was promoted to rear admiral. He also acted as a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army from April 5 to April 26, 1865, although this appointment was never submitted to or officially confirmed by the Confederate Senate.
WQBA
WQBA (1140 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Spanish soft adult contemporary format. Licensed to Miami, Florida, United States, the station is owned by Latino Media Network; under a local marketing agreement, it was operated by former owner TelevisaUnivision's Uforia Audio Network until 2024. It features programming from TUDN Radio. Previous call letters were WMIE, owned by Susquehanna Broadcasting.

1140 AM is a United States and Mexican clear-channel frequency on which XEMR-AM in Apodaca, Nuevo León and WRVA in Richmond, Virginia are the Class A stations. WQBA must reduce power and use a highly directional array during nighttime hours in order to prevent interference to the skywave signals of the Class A stations.

Susquehanna Pfaltzgraff
The Susquehanna Pfaltzgraff Company was a conglomerate of companies that started in the 19th century with Johann George Pfaltzgraff's emigration from Germany to York, Pennsylvania (in the Susquehanna Valley).

Johann Pfaltzgraff was a potter and, after he died in the late 19th century, his children carried on his pottery making business and started The Pfaltzgraff Company, a kitchenware company, in 1889.

Susquehanna Broadcasting Company was founded in 1941 to apply for and operate a radio station in York, Pennsylvania, by Louis J. Appell, president and treasurer of Pfaltzgraff.  The Federal Communications Commission issued a construction permit for the station, which would become WSBA, on December 30, 1941.
Grovetown, New Zealand
Grovetown is a small town in Marlborough, New Zealand. State Highway 1 runs past the settlement to the west, and the Wairau River flows past to the northeast. Spring Creek is about 2.5 km to the north, and Blenheim is about 3.5 km to the south. To the east is Grovetown Lagoon, an oxbow loop of the Wairau River. The settlement had a usual resident population of 357 at the 2018 New Zealand census.

Tua Mātene Marae is located in Grovetown. It is a marae (meeting ground) of Rangitāne o Wairau and includes Te Huataki wharenui (meeting house).

State Highway 1 (New Zealand)
State Highway 1 (SH 1) is the longest and most significant road in the New Zealand road network, running the length of both main islands. It appears on road maps as SH 1 and on road signs as a white number 1 on a red shield, but it has the  official designations SH 1N in the North Island and SH 1S in the South Island.

SH 1 is 2,006 kilometres (1,246 mi) long, 1,074 km (667 mi) in the North Island and 932 km (579 mi) in the South Island. Since 2010 new roads have reduced the length from 2,033 km (1,263 mi). For the majority of its length it is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, in both rural and urban areas. These sections have some passing lanes. Around 315 km (196 mi) of SH 1 is of motorway or expressway standard as of August 2022: 281 km (175 mi) in the North Island and 34 km (21 mi) in the South Island.
Makol Cuei, South Sudan
Makol Cuei is a  boma in  Baidit payam, Bor West County, Jonglei State, South Sudan, about 30 kilometers north of Bor.  The village is located at the southern extent of the sudd, South Sudan's vast central wetlands.

Jonglei State
Jonglei State is a state of South Sudan with Bor as its centre of government  and the biggest city. Jonglei state comprises nine counties: Bor, Akobo, Ayod, Uror, Duk,  Nyirol, Pigi, Twic East, and Fangak. Jonglei State is the largest state by area before reorganisation, with an area of approximately 122,581 km2, as well as the most populous according to the 2008 census conducted in present-day South Sudan's second period of autonomy. The boundaries of the state were again changed as a result of a peace  agreement signed on 22 February 2020.

In the 21st century, Jonglei State has been marred by ethnic clashes, which the UNMISS estimated in May 2012 had affected the lives of over 140,000 people, and which have been  magnified by the broader South Sudanese conflict since December 2013.
Kihawahine
Kihawahine is a Hawaiian shapeshifting lizard goddess (moʻo). When Kihawahine Mokuhinia Kalama‘ula Kalā‘aiheana, the daughter of the powerful sixteenth-century ruling chief of Māui, Piʻilani, and his wife Lā‘ieloheloheikawai, died, her bones were deified, transforming her into the goddess. Kihawahine's  home is Mokuhinia, a wetland pond on the island of Moku'ula.

Kihawahine was the personal god ('aumakua) of Keōpūolani, a wife of Kamehameha the Great. At Kamehameha's final battle at the Nu'uanu Pali, he carried an image of Kihawahine with him. In modern times, a carving of Kihawahine  served as the figurehead on Hōkūleʻa, a voyaging canoe launched in 1975 by the Polynesian Voyaging Society.

Nuʻuanu Pali
Nuʻuanu Pali is a section of the windward cliff (pali in Hawaiian) of the Koʻolau mountain located at the head of Nuʻuanu Valley on the island of Oʻahu. It has a panoramic view of the windward (northeast) coast of Oʻahu. The Pali Highway (Hawaii State Highway 61) connecting Kailua/Kāneʻohe with downtown Honolulu runs through the Nuʻuanu Pali Tunnels bored into the cliffside.

The area is also the location of the Nuʻuanu Freshwater Fish Refuge and the Nuʻuanu Reservoir in the jurisdiction of the Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources.

The Nuʻuanu Pali State Wayside is a lookout above the tunnels where there is a panoramic view of Oʻahu's windward side with views of Kāneʻohe, Kāneʻohe Bay, and Kailua. It is also well known for strong trade winds that blow through the pass (now bypassed by the Nuʻuanu Pali Tunnels). The Nuʻuanu Pali Tunnels were built in 1958. Before this road opened, people would use what is now known as the Old Pali Road, currently a popular hiking route.
Lara Stone
Lara Catherina Stone (born 20 December 1983) is a Dutch model. She was discovered at the age of 12 in the Paris Metro and later participated in the Elite Model Look competition at 15. Stone has appeared on the covers of W and Vogue, has worked with various brands, including Fendi, Chanel, Prada, Louis Vuitton, and Versace, and was most notably the face of Calvin Klein. She has been represented by The Lions, IMG Models, and Elite Model Management.

British Vogue
British Vogue (stylised in all caps) is the British edition of the American fashion magazine Vogue. The magazine was launched in 1916 by Condé Nast, linking together fashion and high society.

British Vogue is the third most profitable edition of Vogue worldwide (other than the American and Chinese editions).
Rishav Das
Rishav Das (born 16 December 1989) is an Indian first-class cricketer who plays for Assam in domestic cricket. He is a right-handed opening batter. Das made his first-class debut against Jammu and Kashmir at Jammu in the 2013–14 Ranji Trophy. He made his List A debut on 27 February 2014, for Assam in the 2013–14 Vijay Hazare Trophy.

Jammu and Kashmir cricket team
The Jammu and Kashmir cricket team is a cricket team based in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, run by JKCA. It is in the Elite Group C of the Ranji Trophy. Its main home ground is the Sher-i-Kashmir Stadium in Srinagar, and it also plays at Gandhi Memorial Science College Ground in Jammu.
Triplophysa zhaoi
Triplophysa zhaoi is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa. It grows to 8 cm (3.1 in) SL. It is endemic to China and inhabits swampy creeks.

Triplophysa zhaoi holds the record for the lowest altitude for Asian fish: it is found at 50 m (160 ft) below sea level in swamps of the Lükqün oasis, in the Turpan Depression, Xinjiang.

Turpan Depression
42°47′N 89°20′E﻿ / ﻿42.78°N 89.34°E﻿ / 42.78; 89.34

The Turpan Depression or Turfan Depression, is a fault-bounded trough located around and south of the city-oasis of Turpan, in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region in far Western China, about 150 kilometres (93 mi) southeast of the regional capital Ürümqi. It includes Lake Ayding, −154 metres (−505 ft), the second or third lowest depression on Earth. 
By some measures, it is also the hottest and driest area in China during the summer.
5th Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery
The 5th Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery was a territorial artillery regiment of the New Zealand Army. It was formed in 1948 and was equipped with 17-pounder anti-tank guns. In 1949 it was decided to convert the regiment to self-propelled 25-pounders and to add a troop of 4.2 inch mortars, similar to the organisation of 7th Anti-Tank regiment during the latter phases of WWII. The conversion, however, was never completed and the regiment was disbanded in 1950. A 4.2 inch mortar battery was subsequently formed and would go on to become 5th Light Regiment.

Ordnance QF 17-pounder
The Ordnance Quick-Firing 17-pounder (or just 17-pdr) was a 76.2 mm (3 inch) gun developed by the United Kingdom during World War II. It was used as an anti-tank gun on its own carriage, as well as equipping a number of British tanks. Used with the APDS shot, it was capable of defeating all but the thickest armour on German tanks. It was used to "up-gun" some foreign-built vehicles in British service, notably to produce the Sherman Firefly variant of the US M4 Sherman tank, giving British tank units the ability to hold their own against their German counterparts. In the anti-tank role, it was replaced after the war by the 120 mm BAT recoilless rifle. As a tank gun, it was succeeded by the 84 mm 20 pounder.
Stream power
Stream power, originally derived by R. A. Bagnold in the 1960s, is the amount of energy the water in a river or stream is exerting on the sides and bottom of the river. Stream power is the result of multiplying the density of the water, the acceleration of the water due to gravity, the volume of water flowing through the river, and the slope of that water. There are many forms of the stream power formula with varying utilities, such as comparing rivers of various widths or quantifying the energy required to move sediment of a certain size. Stream power is closely related to other criteria such as stream competency and shear stress. Stream power is a valuable measurement for hydrologists and geomorphologists tackling sediment transport issues as well as for civil engineers, who use it in the planning and construction of roads, bridges, dams, and culverts.

Ralph Bagnold
Brigadier Ralph Alger Bagnold, OBE, FRS, (3 April 1896 – 28 May 1990) was an English 20th-century desert explorer, geologist, and soldier.

Bagnold served in the First World War as an engineer in the British Army.

In 1932, he staged the first recorded East-to-West crossing of the Libyan Desert. His work in the field of Aeolian processes was the basis for the book The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes, establishing the discipline of aeolian geomorphology, combining field work observations, experiments and physical equations. His work has been used by United States' space agency NASA in its study of the terrain of the planet Mars, the Bagnold Dunes on Mars' surface were named after him by the organisation.

He returned to the forces in the Second World War, in which he founded the behind-the-lines reconnaissance, espionage, and raiding unit the "Long Range Desert Group", serving as its first commanding officer in the North Africa campaign.
Abraham Palatnik
Abraham Palatnik (2 February 1928 – 9 May 2020) was a Brazilian abstract artist and inventor whose innovations include kinechromatic art.

Some of his works are in the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York, the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston and São Paulo Museum of Art.

Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (MFAH), is an art museum located in the Houston Museum District of Houston, Texas. The permanent collection of the museum spans more than 5,000 years of history with nearly 80,000 works from six continents. By gallery space, it is the second-largest art museum in the Americas. Following an eight-year campus redevelopment project in the 21st century, the Nancy and Rich Kinder Building opened in 2020.  In 2023, the museum received over 900,000 visitors, making it the 20th most-visited museum in the United States.
J. Cleveland Frugé
Joseph Cleveland Frugé (1900 – 1991) was a justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court from September 8, 1949, to December 12, 1949.

Born near Basile, Louisiana, Frugé received his law degree from Loyola Law School in 1922, and entered the private practice of law. He served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1928 to 1930, when he became an Assistant District Attorney in the Thirteenth Judicial District. In 1935 he became a Louisiana District Court judge, holding that office until 1954, interrupted by a temporary appointment to the Louisiana Supreme Court to fill out the remaining three months of the term of retiring  Chief Justice Charles Austin O'Niell. From 1960 until his retirement in 1979, Frugé served as a judge of the Louisiana Third Circuit Court of Appeal.

Basile, Louisiana
Basile is a town in Acadia and Evangeline parishes in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The population was 1,214 in 2020.

The Acadia Parish portion of Basile is part of the Crowley Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Warangoi River
The Warangoi River also known as the Adler River, is a river located in the  eastern part of the Gazelle Peninsula  in the north-eastern part of New Britain, Papua New Guinea. It flows past the village of Warangoi and out into the Warangoi Bay. It played a part in the Battle of Rabaul early in 1942. Lieutenant Colonel Ishiro Kuwada's men of the 3rd Infantry Battalion captured at least 200 Australian men between the Warangoi River and Vunakanau.
Virgin rainforest lies along the river basin.

New Britain
New Britain (Tok Pisin: Niu Briten) is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from New Guinea by a northwest corner of the Solomon Sea (or with an island hop of Umboi the Dampier and Vitiaz Straits) and from New Ireland by St. George's Channel. The main towns of New Britain are Rabaul/Kokopo and Kimbe.  The island is roughly the size of Taiwan.

When the island was part of German New Guinea, its name was Neupommern ("New Pomerania").  In common with most of the Bismarcks it was largely formed by volcanic processes, and has active volcanoes including Ulawun (highest volcano nationally), Langila, the Garbuna Group, the Sulu Range, and the volcanoes Tavurvur and Vulcan of the Rabaul caldera. A major eruption of Tavurvur in 1994 destroyed the East New Britain provincial capital of Rabaul. Most of the town still lies under metres of ash, and the capital has been moved to nearby Kokopo.
Lisey's Story (miniseries)
Lisey's Story is an American psychological horror drama miniseries based on the 2006 novel of the same name by Stephen King. The series is written by King, directed by Pablo Larraín, and produced by J. J. Abrams. Starring Julianne Moore and Clive Owen, Lisey's Story premiered on Apple TV+ on June 4, 2021.

Sung Kang
Sung-Ho Kang (Korean: 강성호; born April 8, 1972) is an American actor. His first major role was as Han Lue in the Fast & Furious franchise since 2006, a character he first portrayed in Better Luck Tomorrow (2002). Kang also played John Mak in the television series Power.
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Animated Program
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Animated Program was a Creative Arts Emmy Award which is given annually beginning in 2008 to an animated series or special of 15 minutes or shorter in length. In 2008 and 2009, the category was called "Outstanding Special Class Short-Format Animated Program", and was an "area" award which could have one, more than one, or no, winners; starting in 2010, the name was changed, and it was made a "category" award which (unless there is a tie) must have one winner. Note that a show whose episodes mainly consist of multiple stories, each 15 minutes or shorter, can either enter one story in this category, or a full episode in the Outstanding Animated Program category.

Beginning in 2024, the category will be consolidated with Outstanding Animated Program.

Creative Arts Emmy Awards
The Creative Arts Emmys are a class of Emmy Awards presented in recognition of technical and other similar achievements in American television programming. They are commonly awarded to behind-the-scenes personnel such as production designers, set decorators, video editors, costume designers, cinematographers, casting directors, and sound editors.

The Creative Arts category includes additional awards for outstanding animated programs, commercials, and guest actors.

The first Creative Arts Emmys were held in 1970 alongside the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards due to the growing number of categories at the time. The Primetime Creative Arts and Daytime Creative Arts awards are presented at separate Creative Arts ceremonies on the weekend before their respective main Primetime and Daytime ceremonies. The Emmy awards for Sports are presented in a single ceremony, giving both the main and the creative arts awards.
Pedro Campaña
Pedro Campaña (1503–1586) was a Flemish painter of the Renaissance period, mainly active in Italy and Spain. His actual name was Pieter de Kempeneer, translated into French as Champaigne, and was also known as Peter van de Velde.

Flemish people
Flemish people or Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen [ˈvlaːmɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flamands) are one of three Belgian main ethnic groups native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%.

Flemish was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and culture gradually formed.