hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ma Zuguang
Ma Zuguang (simplified Chinese: 马祖光; traditional Chinese: 馬祖光; 1928–2003) was a Chinese physicist. He is an expert in optoelectronic technology and professor of Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT). Ma founded two disciplines at HIT, nuclear physics and laser technology. He also founded the Tunable Laser Laboratory, a state-level key laboratory. He was an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Ma graduated from Department of Physics, Shandong University in Qingdao in 1950. He later gained postgraduate degree from Harbin Institute of Technology and worked for HIT after graduation.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Jalumi War
The Jalumi War, also called the Battle of Inisa, was a battle that took place on 1 November 1878 in the northeast of present-day Osun State, Nigeria.
It was part of the larger conflict named the Ibadan War.
The forces of Ibadan were victorious in detail over a force of rebellious Yorubas including soldiers from Ilorin, Ekiti, Ila and Ijesha. 
Despite the victory, fighting continued in the years that followed until the Ilorins were finally defeated in 1897.

Ila, Osun
Ilalistenⓘ is a local government area in Osun State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Ila Orangun. The current chairman of the council is Adeyemi Adebara A.

It has an area of  303 km2 and a population of 62,049 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 234.
Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality
Lepelle-Nkumpi Municipality (Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Lepelle-Nkumpi) is a local municipality within the Capricorn District Municipality, in the Limpopo province of South Africa. The seat is Lebowakgomo.

Local municipality (South Africa)
In South Africa, a local municipality (Tswana: mmasepalaselegae; Sotho: masepala wa lehae; Northern Sotho: mmasepala wa selegae; Afrikaans: plaaslike munisipaliteit; Zulu: umasipala wendawo; Southern Ndebele: umasipaladi wendawo; Xhosa: umasipala wengingqi; Swazi: masipaladi wasekhaya; Venda: masipalawapo; Tsonga: masipala wa muganga) or Category B municipality is a type of municipality that serves as the third, and most local, tier of local government. Each district municipality is divided into a number of local municipalities, and responsibility for municipal affairs is divided between the district and local municipalities. There are 205 local municipalities in South Africa.

A local municipality may include rural areas as well as one or more towns or small cities. In larger urban areas there are no district or local municipalities, and a metropolitan municipality is responsible for all municipal affairs.
Angie Hatton
Angie Mullins Hatton (born October 28, 1972) is an American politician who served in the Kentucky House of Representatives, representing the 94th district from 2017 to 2023. In the 2022 elections, Hatton was defeated by Republican Jacob Justice.

Governor Andy Beshear appointed Hatton to the Kentucky Public Service Commission on March 10, 2023, designating her as vice chair. On August 6, 2024, she was appointed chair of the commission, and was reappointed to a second term on July 3, 2025.

Kentucky Public Service Commission
The Kentucky Public Service Commission is the public utilities commission for the State of Kentucky.

The commission is a quasi-judicial regulatory tribunal. It regulates the intrastate rates and services of investor-owned electric, natural gas, telephone, water and sewage utilities, customer-owned electric and telephone cooperatives, water districts and associations, and certain aspects of gas pipelines in the state.
2023 D1 Grand Prix series
2023 Gran Turismo D1 Grand Prix series is the 23rd season of D1 Grand Prix. Started in May 13 in Okuibuki Motorpark and finished at Odaiba in November 12.

Masashi Yokoi is the series reigning champion.

Hideyuki Fujino win both Overall and Tanso series championship for the second time.

Masashi Yokoi
Masashi Yokoi (横井 昌志, Yokoi Masashi, 29 October 1982, Gifu) is a Japanese professional drifter, he currently competing in D1 Grand Prix and win the championship in 2018, 2019 and 2022 making him the second driver to win back-to-back championship. he is nicknamed as Zombie Yokoi or Galaxy Yokoi
Drenkovo
Drenkovo is a sparsely populated and dispersed village in Blagoevgrad Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria. It is situated in the foothills of Vlahina mountain few kilometers west of Blagoevgrad and north from the road to North Macedonia. There are ruins of Roman villa near the village.

Blagoevgrad Municipality
Blagoevgrad Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Благоевград, Obshtina Blagoevgrad) is the most populated municipality in Blagoevgrad Province. It includes Blagoevgrad and 25 villages with population of 77,441 (2011).
Monster in the Closet (Brooklyn Nine-Nine)
"Monster in the Closet" is the sixth episode of the fourth season of the American television police sitcom series Brooklyn Nine-Nine. It is the 74th overall episode of the series and is written by Andrew Guest and directed by Nisha Ganatra. It aired on Fox in the United States on November 15, 2016.

The show revolves around the fictitious 99th precinct of the New York Police Department in Brooklyn and the officers and detectives that work in the precinct. In the episode, Adrian returns from protection and he and Rosa decide to get married the next day. While Jake and Gina go with Adrian for a familiar possession, Amy finds problems at planning the wedding.

The episode was seen by an estimated 2.18 million household viewers and gained a 1/3 ratings share among adults aged 18–49, according to Nielsen Media Research. The episode received positive reviews from critics, who praised the cast's performances.

Andrew Guest
Andrew Guest is an American television writer and producer. Notable works includes writing or producing episodes of 30 Rock, Community, Suburgatory, and Brooklyn Nine-Nine. He has worked on series set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, being a producer on Hawkeye and the showrunner for Wonder Man.
Vesijako Strict Nature Reserve
Vesijako Strict Nature Reserve (Finnish: Vesijaon luonnonpuisto) is located in the Päijät-Häme region of Finland. This small reserve, near Lake Vesijako with two outlets in different watersheds, is noted for its geological features.

Päijät-Häme
Päijät-Häme (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈpæi̯j(ː)æt̪ˌhæme̞(ʔ)]; Swedish: Päijänne-Tavastland) is a region in Southern Finland south of the lake Päijänne. It borders the regions of Uusimaa, Kanta-Häme, Pirkanmaa, Central Finland, South Savo and Kymenlaakso. The biggest city in the region is Lahti.

Päijät-Häme boasts a landscape shaped by two key features. Finland's second-largest, Lake Päijänne, dominates the region, offering a vast freshwater expanse and a vital transportation route. The Salpausselkä ridge, a glacial remnant, adds a touch of elevation and scenic variation. Beyond these, Päijät-Häme features extensive coniferous forests. Rolling hills provide scenic views, while numerous smaller lakes and rivers create a network of waterways.
Iori Plateau
The Iori Plateau (Georgian: ივრის ზეგანი, ivris zegani), also known as Gare-Kakheti Plateau (გარე კახეთის ზეგანი, gare kakhet'is zegani) is a plateau between the Kura and Alazani rivers in southeastern Georgia, transected by the Iori River. The elevation of the plateau is between 200 m and 900 m. The soils are predominantly chernozem. A significant portion of the plateau is occupied by steppes, such as Shiraki Plain in its eastern part.

Chernozem
Chernozem (/ˈtʃɜːrnəzɛm/ CHUR-nə-zem), also called black soil, black earth, dark earth, regur soil or black cotton soil, is a black-colored soil containing a high percentage of humus (4% to 16%) and high percentages of phosphorus and ammonia compounds. Chernozem is very fertile and can produce high agricultural yields with its high moisture-storage capacity. However, prolonged agricultural use of chernozems still require replenishment with fertilizers because they easily can get depleted of nutrients through continuous decrease in humus content. Chernozems are a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB).
Peter Aalbæk Jensen
Peter Aalbæk Jensen (born 8 April 1956 in Osted) is a Danish film producer who in 1992 with director Lars von Trier founded the Danish film company Zentropa and later its huge studio complex Filmbyen. His father was the writer Erik Aalbæk Jensen.

Zentropa is known for the Dogme95-manifesto and such projects as Dogville (2003) starring Nicole Kidman, Dancer in the Dark (2000) starring Björk, The Five Obstructions, and the Oscar-nominated After the Wedding (2006).

Peter Aalbæk Jensen has executive-produced more than 70 theatrical feature films and many television productions, has founded a long list of subsidiary companies and is widely regarded as the most important Danish film producer since the 1990s.

In autumn 2008, Peter Aalbæk Jensen was a judge on the Danish version of Got Talent.

In 2017, nine women accused Aalbæk Jensen of sexual harassment and workplace bullying.

The Five Obstructions
The Five Obstructions is a 2003 Danish documentary film directed by Lars von Trier and Jørgen Leth. The film is conceived as a documentary, but incorporates lengthy sections of experimental films produced by the filmmakers. The premise is that von Trier has created a challenge for his friend and mentor, Jørgen Leth, another renowned filmmaker. Lars von Trier's favorite film is Leth's The Perfect Human, and von Trier gives Leth the task of remaking The Perfect Human five times, each time with a different "obstruction" (or obstacle) imposed by von Trier.

It has been said that "Both this film and Dogville show a more mature von Trier, one who is more aware of and accountable to the full implications of the torture, suffering and victimization he has employed in his films, especially in exploring how easily those who victimize others in the name of righteousness become victims [of] their own self-righteousness."
Suchitra Singh
Suchitra Singh (born 31 January 1977) is a former Indian cricketer. Singh was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. She was born in Kamrup, Assam.

Singh made her debut for Assam in the 2007–08 Senior Women's One Day League against Bengal. She played a further ten matches for the state from 2007 to 2011. She also represented East Zone in one match in the 2007–08 Inter Zone Women's One Day Competition. Across the 12 women's limited over matches she averaged 14.16 with the bat and took seven wickets.

Singh played her debut Women's Twenty20 match for Assam against Tripura in the 2009–10 Senior Women's T20 League. She played further 15 matches over the 2009–10 and 2010–11 seasons finishing with a batting average of 12.36 and taking four wickets.

Bengal women's cricket team
The Bengal women's cricket team is a women's cricket team that represents the Indian state of West Bengal. The team competes in the Women's Senior One Day Trophy and the Women's Senior T20 Trophy. They won the One Day Trophy in 2018–19 in their first and only final so far, beating Andhra in the final by 10 runs.
Fencing at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's foil
The men's foil competition of the fencing events at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on October 31 at the Paralympic Training Center.

The foil competition consisted of a qualification round followed by a single-elimination bracket with a bronze medal match between the two semifinal losers. Fencing was done to 15 touches or to the completion of three three-minute rounds if neither fencer reached 15 touches by then. At the end of time, the higher-scoring fencer was the winner; a tie resulted in an additional one-minute sudden-death time period. This sudden-death period was further modified by the selection of a draw-winner beforehand; if neither fencer scored a touch during the minute, the predetermined draw-winner won the bout.

2023 Pan American Games
The 2023 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2023), officially the XIX Pan American Games (Spanish: XIX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santiago 2023, were an  international multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization, held in Santiago, Chile from 20 October to 5 November 2023; preliminary rounds in certain events began on 18 October 2023. These are the first Pan American Games to be held in Chile, and the eighth to be held in South America.

The games were held in 39 venues across the Santiago Metropolitan Region and another three regions of Chile. The Pan American Games and the 2023 Parapan American Games were organized by the Santiago Organizing Committee for the 2023 Pan and Parapan American Games.
1936 Dominion of Canada Football Championship
The 1936 Dominion of Canada Football Championship was the 21st staging of Canada Soccer's domestic football club competition. Westminster Royals FC won the Challenge Trophy after they beat United Weston FC in a best-of-three series at Con Jones Park in Vancouver from 8-12 August 1936.

After winning the British Columbia section, Westminster Royals FC beat Calgary Callies in the Western Final.

This was Westminster's fourth Dominion title in a nine-year span from 1928 to 1936.

Callister Park
Con Jones Park was a sports facility located in East Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, that was mainly used for soccer. It opened in 1921, and was renamed Callister Park in 1942. After the demolition of the stadium in 1971, the area was redeveloped into a green space and retained the name Callister Park.
Big Buffalo Creek (Missouri)
Big Buffalo Creek is a stream in Morgan and Benton counties in west-central Missouri. It is a tributary of the Osage River within the Lake of the Ozarks.

The stream headwaters arise just south of a fish hatchery about three miles southwest of Stover. The stream flows south and southwest passing south of Boylers Mill to enter Benton County and the Big Buffalo Creek Conservation Area. The stream turns to the south and enters the waters of Lake of the Ozarks at the community of Zora. Prior to the filling of the lake the stream channel met the Osage River just south of the community of Riverview.

The stream name was to distinguish it from Little Buffalo Creek which is also in Buffalo Township in Morgan County.

Morgan County, Missouri
Morgan County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,006. Its county seat is Versailles. The county was organized January 5, 1833, and named for General Daniel Morgan of the American Revolutionary War.
Kiambu High School
Kiambu High School (KHS) is a public national/C1  boarding school for boys located in Kiambu County, Kenya. KHS is located in Kiamumbi Sub location, Kiambaa S/Area Location, Kiambaa Division, Kiambaa Constituency in Kiambu County.

Kiambu County
Kiambu County is one of the 47 counties of Kenya located in the Mount Kenya region of Kenya. Its capital is Kiambu and its largest town is Thika town. Kiambu County is the second most populous county in Kenya after Nairobi County. Kiambu County borders Nairobi and Kajiado Counties to the South, Machakos to the East, Murang'a to the North and North East, Nyandarua to the North West, and Nakuru to the West. It has a population of 2,417,735.

The county is 40% rural and 60% urban owing to Nairobi's consistent growth Northwards. The Kikuyu are the dominant tribe in the county. Kiambu is also an economic and political powerhouse in Kenya due to its sprawling population and relatively urban and educated populace. The county features the second most universities only behind Nairobi.
Paul Vidal de La Blache
Paul Vidal de La Blache (French pronunciation: [pɔl vidal də la blaʃ], Pézenas, Hérault, 22 January 1845 – Tamaris-sur-Mer, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, 5 April 1918) was a French geographer. He is considered to be the founder of modern French geography and also the founder of the French School of Geopolitics. He conceived the idea of genre de vie, which is the belief that the lifestyle of a particular region reflects the economic, social, ideological and psychological identities imprinted on the landscape.

Nomothetic and idiographic
Nomothetic and idiographic are terms used by neo-Kantian philosopher Wilhelm Windelband to describe two distinct approaches to knowledge, each one corresponding to a different intellectual tendency, and each one corresponding to a different branch of academia. To say that Windelband supported that last dichotomy is a consequent misunderstanding of his own thought. For him, any branch of science and any discipline can be handled by both methods as they offer two integrating points of view.

Nomothetic is based on what Kant described as a tendency to generalize. It is typical for the natural sciences. It describes the effort to derive laws that explain types or categories of objective phenomena, in general.

Idiographic is based on what Kant described as a tendency to specify. It is typical for the humanities. It describes the effort to understand the meaning of contingent, unique, and often cultural or subjective phenomena.
Paeanium
Paeanium or Paianion (Ancient Greek: Παιάνιον) was a town in ancient Aetolia, near the Achelous River, a little south of Ithoria, and north of Oeniadae, which was on the other side of the river. It was only 7 stadia in circumference, and was destroyed by Philip V of Macedon in 219 BCE. Paeanium was perhaps rebuilt, and may be the same town as Phana (φάνα), which was taken by the Achaeans, and which we learn from the narrative in Pausanias was near the sea. Stephanus of Byzantium mentions Phana as a town of Italy; but for Πόλις Ἰταλίας ('city of Italy'), we ought probably to read Πόλις Αἰτωλίας ('city of Aetolia').

Its site is located near the modern Mastro.

Achelous River
The Achelous (Greek: Αχελώος, Ancient Greek: Ἀχελῷος Akhelôios), also Acheloos, is a river in Epirus, western Greece. It is 220 km (137 mi) long. It formed the boundary between Acarnania and Aetolia of antiquity. It empties into the Ionian Sea. In ancient times its spirit was venerated as the river god Achelous.

Herodotus, taking notice of the shoreline-transforming power of the Acheloos River, even compared it to the Nile in this respect:

'There are other rivers as well which, though not as large as the Nile, have had substantial results. In particular (although I could name others), there is the Achelous, which flows through Acarnania into the sea and has already turned half the Echinades islands into mainland.' (2.10, trans. Waterfield)

It is said to have been called more anciently Thoas, Axenus and Thestius.
Cedillo (surname)
Cedillo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ángel Cedillo Hernández (born 1960), Mexican politician

Enrique Cedillo (born 1996), Mexican professional footballer

Gil Cedillo (born 1954), American politician

Jaime Serrano Cedillo (1967–2012), deputy of Nezahualcóyotl, Mexico

Julio Cesar Cedillo (born 1970), Mexican-American actor

María Marcos Cedillo Salas, Mexican pilot

Mónica Banegas Cedillo (born 1977), Ecuadorian politician

Saturnino Cedillo (1890–1939), Mexican politician

Gil Cedillo
Gilbert Anthony Cedillo (born March 25, 1954) is an American politician who served as a member of the Los Angeles City Council for the 1st district from 2013 to 2022. A member of the Democratic Party, Cedillo was previously a member of both the California State Assembly and the California State Senate.

When Hilda Solis joined the Obama administration, Cedillo became a candidate to replace her for California's 32nd congressional district seat, but lost to Judy Chu in the 2009 special election. Cedillo lost his Los Angeles City Council seat in the 2022 election to left-wing challenger Eunisses Hernandez. In October 2022, Cedillo faced widespread calls for his resignation after an audio recording of him and other council members making racist remarks was released. He was formally censured by the City Council in a unanimous 12-0 vote on October 26.
Staraya Beryozovka
Staraya Beryozovka (Russian: Старая Берёзовка) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Staraya Beryozovka, Smolensk Oblast, a village in Roslavlsky District of Smolensk Oblast

Staraya Beryozovka, Tomsk Oblast, a selo in Kargasoksky District of Tomsk Oblast

Staraya Beryozovka, name of several other rural localities

Smolensk Oblast
Smolensk Oblast (Russian: Смоленская область, romanized: Smolenskaya oblastʹ), informally also called Smolenshchina (Смоленщина), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative centre is the city of Smolensk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 888,421.
Harsha Vithana
Harsha Eranga Vithana (born August 15, 1985) in Galle is a Sri Lankan first class cricketer. A right-handed batsman, he previously captained his country at the under-19 level. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Colts Cricket Club against Sri Lanka Air Force Sports Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament.

Sri Lanka Air Force Sports Club (cricket)
The Sri Lanka Air Force Sports Club is the governing body for cricket in the Sri Lankan Air Forces. Its representative team, Sri Lanka Air Force cricket team, competes in Sri Lanka's domestic competition, the Premier Trophy.
Luc Ferrandez
Luc Ferrandez is a Canadian politician. He was the interim leader of the municipal party Projet Montreal from 2014. From 2009 to 2019 he served as the mayor of the borough of Le Plateau-Mont-Royal. He is a member of the Projet Montréal municipal political party.

Projet Montréal
Projet Montréal (officially  Projet Montréal - Équipe Luc Rabouin) is a progressive, environmentalist municipal political party in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Founded in 2004, it is led by Ericka Alneus and is the opposition party in the Montreal City Council.
Electoral College (Holy Roman Empire)
The Electoral College (German: Kur; Latin: Collegium Electorale) of the Holy Roman Empire was the gathering of prince electors for an imperial election, where they voted for the next King of the Romans and future Emperor. The German name of this gathering, Kur, is derived from the Middle High German kur or kure ("election").

Initially all the so-called "great ones of the Empire" (Große des Reiches) were entitled to vote, but by the second half of the 13th century, only the prince electors were entitled to participate in the royal election.

Elective monarchy
An elective monarchy is a monarchy where the ruling head is elected instead of strictly inheriting power. The manner of election, the nature of candidate qualifications, and the electors vary from case to case. Historically, it was common for elective monarchies to transform into hereditary ones (whether legally or de facto) by repeated election of the previous rulers' children, or for hereditary monarchies to acquire elective or semi-elective succession laws, particularly following dynastic crises.