hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
African-American representation in Hollywood
The presence of African Americans in major motion picture roles has stirred controversy and been limited dating back decades due to lingering racism following slavery and segregation. "Through most of the 20th century, images of African-Americans in advertising were mainly limited to servants like the pancake-mammy Aunt Jemima and Rastus, the chef on the Cream of Wheat box." While African-American representation in the film industry has improved over the years, it has not been a linear process; "Race in American cinema has rarely been a matter of simple step-by-step progress. It has more often proceeded in fits and starts, with backlashes coming on the heels of breakthroughs, and periods of intense argument followed by uncomfortable silence."

Rastus
Rastus is a pejorative term traditionally associated with African Americans in the United States.  It is considered offensive. As a type of stock character, Rastus is meant to portray ignorance and foolishness. Similar images have appeared in advertising, prominently as the mascot for Cream of Wheat, which prompted objections from activists.
Monthey–Champéry–Morgins railway
The Monthey–Champéry–Morgins railway (French: Chemin de fer Monthey–Champéry–Morgins, MCM) was a metre gauge railway operating in the Chablais region of Switzerland.

The concession to build the line was awarded on 22 June 1899 but the work proceeded slowly.  It was the original intention to complete the work at the same time as the Chemin de fer Aigle-Ollon-Monthey, with which it made an end-on junction, the two lines opening together in April 1907.  The line eventually opened to passenger traffic on 30 January 1908.  There was also to be a branch line, leaving the main line at Val d'Illiez, to Morgins.  Although that line was never built due to poor economic expectations, the village remained in the company title until amalgamation.

Nowadays the line is part of a larger, regional system operated, along with local bus services, by the Transports Publics du Chablais.

At least one railcar was preserved, a BCFeh 4/4 no.6.  It runs at the Blonay–Chamby Museum Railway.

Transports Publics du Chablais
The Transports Publics du Chablais (TPC) is a transportation company that operates various rail and bus services in the Chablais region, at the eastern end of Lake Geneva. It was formed in 1999 from the merger of four companies.
Russian language in Latvia
The Russian language is spoken by a significant minority in Latvia. According to the External Migration Survey in 2017, it was the native language of 36% of the population, whereas 25.4% of the population were ethnic Russians.

Latvian State Language Center
Latvian State Language Centre (VVC; Latvian: Valsts valodas centrs) is a direct administration institution subordinated to the Minister of Justice of the Republic of Latvia. The purpose of the State Language Centre is to implement the national policy on the use of the official language - Latvian.

The Centre supervises and controls the conformity with laws and regulations on the use of official language, provides the State administration institutions and the public with official translations of laws and regulations and other documents issued by the State or international organisations while concurrently ensuring use of consistent terminology. The State Language Centre protects rights and interests of the official language users, promotes the regularisation of the cultural environment of language and promotes comprehensive functioning of the Latvian language.
Bagrat II Bagratuni
Bagrat II Bagratuni (Armenian: Բագրատ Բ Բագրատունի, Arabic: Buqrāṭ ibn Ashūṭ; died after 851) was an Armenian noble of the Bagratid (Bagratuni) family and the presiding prince ("prince of princes") of Arab-ruled Armenia between 830 and 851. He succeeded his father, Ashot IV Bagratuni, as ruler of Taron in 826, and was named presiding prince by the Abbasid Caliph in 830. In 849 he began an open rebellion against Abbasid authority in Armenia. The rebellion provoked the dispatch of Bugha al-Kabir to the country, who crushed the revolt in a three-year campaign. Bagrat was treacherously captured during negotiations in 851 and brought captive to the Abbasid capital Samarra. He was succeeded in Taron by his sons, while the title of presiding prince passed to his nephew, the future King Ashot I of Armenia.

Ishkhan (title)
Ishkhan (Armenian: իշխան) was a feudal title in medieval Armenia, literally meaning prince. The word originates from Iranian *xšāna- (cf. Sogdian axšāwan, "king"). The title ishkhan was used both in parallel and in substitute of other Armenian feudal titles, such as nakharar, paron, douks, ter, or melik. Ishkhan is also an Armenian masculine first name.
History of Dundalk F.C. (2002–present)
The History of Dundalk Football Club (2002–present) covers the period from the aftermath of the 2001–02 season, when Dundalk had won the FAI Cup, but were also relegated to the League of Ireland First Division, to the end of the most recently completed season. It also includes short articles about some of the events that are an integral part of the club's recent history.

FAI Cup
The Football Association of Ireland Senior Challenge Cup (FAI Cup), known as the Sports Direct FAI Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a knock-out association football competition contested annually by teams from the Republic of Ireland (as well as Derry City from Northern Ireland). Organised by the FAI (Football Association of Ireland), the competition is currently sponsored by Sports Direct. It was known as the Free State Cup from 1923 to 1936. Shamrock Rovers hold the record of most wins with 26.

The current holders are Shamrock Rovers who won their 26th title on 9 November 2025, defeating Cork City 2–0 at the Aviva Stadium.
Denys Shcherbakov
Denys Shcherbakov (born 4 June 1988) is a Ukrainian orienteering competitor. He competed at the 2013 World Orienteering Championships, and won a bronze medal in the relay with the Ukrainian team, together with Pavlo Ushkvarok and Oleksandr Kratov.

He was born in Tsiurupynsk, Ukraine, but represents the club OK Rönneby in Sweden.

Oleshky
Oleshky (Ukrainian: Олешки, pronounced [oˈlɛʃkɪ] ⓘ), previously known as Tsiurupynsk from 1928 to 2016, is a city in Kherson Raion, Kherson Oblast, southern Ukraine, located on the left bank of the Dnieper River with the town of Solontsi to the south. It is the oldest city of the oblast and one of the oldest in southern Ukraine. It is known for its proximity to the Oleshky Sands, a large desert region. Oleshky is the site of artist Polina Rayko's home, a national cultural monument of Ukraine. It also hosts the administration of Oleshky urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It had a population of 24,124 (2022 estimate). As of 2025, the city is occupied by Russia.
Pterostylis mystacina
Pterostylis mystacina is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It was first formally described in 2010 by David Jones and given the name Oligochaetochilus mystacinus. The description was published in the journal The Orchadian from a specimen found on Mount Moffat near the Carnarvon National Park. In the same year, Jasmine Janes and Marco Duretto changed the name to Pterostylis mystacina. The specific epithet (mystacina) is derived from the Ancient Greek word mystax meaning "hair on the upper lip".

Carnarvon National Park
Carnarvon National Park is located in the Southern Brigalow Belt bioregion in the Maranoa Region in Central Queensland, Australia. The park is  593 km northwest of Brisbane. It began life as a 26,304-hectare (65,000-acre) reserve gazetted in 1932 to protect Carnarvon Gorge for its outstanding scenic values, its Indigenous and non-Indigenous cultural heritage, and its geological significance.
Cavazos
Cavazos is a Spanish and Italian surname with Jewish origins. Notable people with the surname include:

Andy Cavazos (born 1981), American baseball player

David Cavazos (born 1987), Mexican singer-songwriter

Eloy Cavazos (born 1949), Mexican matador

José E. Cavazos, Mexican-American physician-scientist

Julia Carin Cavazos AKA Julia Michaels (born 1993), American singer-songwriter

Lauro Cavazos (1927–2022), American educator

Lumi Cavazos (born 1968), Mexican actress

Richard E. Cavazos (1929–2017), American general

Ruben Cavazos(born 1957), American criminal

Silverio Cavazos (1968–2010), Mexican politician

Lauro Cavazos
Lauro Fred Cavazos Jr. (January 4, 1927 – March 15, 2022) was an American educator and politician. He served as the United States Secretary of Education and was the first Hispanic to serve in the United States Cabinet.
Cobia Island
Cobia Island (also known as Thombia Island or Budd Island) is an island in Fiji, and is a member of the Ringgold Isles archipelago, which forms an outlier group to the northern island of Vanua Levu.  It has a land area of 69.29 hectares. The island is shaped like a crescent moon.

Cobia Island is located within the Budd Reef and has a submerged volcanic crater with the highest elevation on the west side of the island. The geological formations and the beach forests of the island contribute to its natural significance as outlined in Fiji's Biodiversity and Action Plan.

The island is a popular snorkeling, kayaking and scuba diving location with a reported visibility under water of 120 feet or 36 meters.

Vanua Levu
Vanua Levu (pronounced [βaˈnua ˈleβu], lit. 'Big Land', Fiji Hindi: वानुआ लेवु), formerly known as Sandalwood Island, is the second largest island of Fiji. Located 64 kilometres (40 miles) to the north of the larger Viti Levu, the island has an area of 5,587.1 square kilometres (2,157.2 sq mi) and a population of approximately 160,000 as of 2022.
Jensia rammii
Jensia rammii is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Ramm's madia. It is endemic to California, where it is limited to the northern slopes of the Sierra Nevada and its foothills.

Jensia rammii is an annual herb with a hairy, glandular, branching stem up to 60 centimeters (2 feet) tall. The inflorescence produces flower heads on long peduncles. The head has 5-12 yellow ray florets up to a centimeter (0.4 inches) long with lobed tips. The 16–65 yellow disc florets at the center have black anthers. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long.

Achene
An achene (/əˈkiːn/; from Ancient Greek  ἀ (a) 'privative' and  χαίνειν (khaínein) 'to gape'), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it.  In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat.
Siegfried Hansen (photographer)
Siegfried Hansen (born 1961) is a German street photographer known for his work in Hamburg. He was a member of the In-Public street photography collective.

Hansen has produced the books Hold the Line (2015) and Schlagermove (2017), and his work is included in a number of survey publications on street photography. His work has been shown in solo exhibitions in Germany and in group exhibitions at Deichtorhallen in Hamburg and at Museo di Roma in Trastevere in Rome.

David Gibson (photographer)
David Gibson (1957) is a British street photographer and writer on photography. He was a member of the In-Public street photography collective. Gibson's books include The Street Photographer's Manual (2014) and 100 Great Street Photographs (2017) (also published as Street Photography: a History in 100 Iconic Images). His photography has also been published in a number of survey publications on street photography, and exhibited in group exhibitions in Britain (including at the Museum of London, which acquired his work for its permanent collection), at the Museum of the City of New York, and in France, Bangkok and Stockholm.
On Such a Night (1955 film)
On Such a Night is a 1955 British short semi-documentary film directed by Anthony Asquith and starring David Night, Marie Lohr and Josephine Griffin. It was written by Paul Dehn.

The film offers a snapshot of the Glyndebourne opera house in the 1950s, including extracts from Le nozze di Figaro, and a fictional first visit to the opera house by an American. According to British musicologist Rodney Milnes the film was "very discreetly aimed at potential American audiences fascinated by British eccentricities".

Rodney Milnes
Rodney Milnes Blumer  OBE (26 July 1936 –  5 December 2015) was an English music critic, musicologist, writer, translator and broadcaster, with a particular interest in opera.  He wrote under the professional name of Rodney Milnes.
Alpha Metallurgical Resources
Alpha Metallurgical Resources, formerly Contura Energy (January 2021), is a leading coal supplier with underground and surface coal mining complexes across Northern and Central Appalachia.  Contura owns large coal basins in Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia which supply both metallurgical coal to produce steel and thermal coal to generate power.

The volatile nature of the coal mining sector in the US bankrupted predecessor Alpha Natural Resources in 2015, seven years removed from Alpha's $7.1 billion takeover of Massey Energy.  The majority of its workers are non-unionized.

In 2011 Alpha was America's third largest and world's fifth largest coal producer. In the 2012 Forbes Global 2000, Alpha Natural Resources was ranked as the 1847th -largest public company in the world.

Metallurgical coal
Metallurgical coal or coking coal is a grade of coal that can be used to produce good-quality coke. Coke is an essential fuel and reactant in the blast furnace process for primary steelmaking. The demand for metallurgical coal is highly coupled to the demand for steel. Primary steelmaking companies often have a division that produces coal for coking, to ensure a stable and low-cost supply.

Metallurgical coal comes mainly from Canada, the United States, and Australia, with Australia exporting 58% of seaborne trade, mostly going to China. In the United States, the electric power sector used "93% of total U.S. coal consumption between 2007 and 2018"; only 7% of the total was metallurgical coal and coal for other uses such as heating.
2U (album)
2U is the second album by singer-songwriter Keshia Chanté, released by BMG in Canada in December 2006 and Japan. The album is two-time Juno Award nominated.  Sony Urban/Epic Records released both "Summer Love" and "Been Gone" in the U.S. The video for the first single "Been Gone" was directed by Director X. Her second "2U" was shot in Miami in 2006. Her third single "Fallen" was released as two versions, respectively featuring Drake and Freeway.

SonyUrban/Epic asked for "Little Things" from her debut album to be included for the U.S. release.

Chanté helped co-write "Been Gone", "2U", "Ring The Alarm", "Sorry" and "Be About Yours" with the songwriters.

Chanté was nominated for the 2007 Juno Award for R&B/Soul Recording of the Year for the single "Been Gone", and the 2008 Juno Award for R&B/Soul Recording of the Year for the single "2U". She was also nominated for an Ericson Sony Award for "Ring the Alarm".

She worked with record producer Danja.

Danja (music producer)
Floyd Nathaniel Hills (born February 22, 1982), known professionally as Danja (/ˈdeɪndʒə/), is an American record producer from Virginia Beach, Virginia. Beginning his career as a co-producer for fellow Virginian Timbaland, he has since produced for Lloyd Banks, Britney Spears, Dua Lipa, Usher, Keri Hilson, T.I., Nelly Furtado, Ciara, Mariah Carey, Madonna, Whitney Houston, Missy Elliott, M.I.A., Justin Timberlake, JoJo, Joe Jonas, Simple Plan, the Clutch, Pink, T-Pain, Diddy, Meek Mill, Björk, Duran Duran and Agnez Mo.
Orchard Street
40°43′21″N 73°59′17″W﻿ / ﻿40.72250°N 73.98806°W﻿ / 40.72250; -73.98806

Orchard Street is a street in Manhattan which covers the eight city blocks between Division Street in Chinatown and East Houston Street on the Lower East Side. Vehicular traffic runs north on this one-way street. Orchard Street starts from Division Street in the south and ends at East Houston Street in the north.

One-way traffic
One-way traffic (or uni-directional traffic) is traffic that moves in a single direction.  A one-way street is a street either facilitating only one-way traffic, or designed to direct vehicles to move in one direction.  One-way streets typically result in higher traffic flow as drivers may avoid encountering oncoming traffic or turns through oncoming traffic.  Residents may dislike one-way streets due to the circuitous route required to get to a specific destination, and the potential for higher speeds adversely affecting pedestrian safety.  Some studies even challenge the original motivation for one-way streets, in that the circuitous routes negate the claimed higher speeds.
Jesús Alfaro (Mexican footballer)
Jesús Salvador Alfaro Coronado (born 1 January 1968) is a Mexican former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Currently, he is the goalkeeper coach at Guadalajara. During his career, Alfaro played for Mexican teams UAT, Toluca, UAG and Pachuca.

Alfaro retired in 2005, playing for Correcaminos, the same team of his debut.

Deportivo Toluca F.C.
Deportivo Toluca Fútbol Club S.A. de C.V., simplified as Toluca FC, is a Mexican professional football club based in Toluca, State of Mexico. It competes in Liga MX, the top division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio Nemesio Díez. Founded in 1917 as Club Deportivo Toluca, it is one of seven Mexican clubs that have never been relegated.

Domestically, Toluca FC is one of the most successful Mexican clubs, winning 12 Liga MX titles, two Copa MX titles and 5 Campeón de Campeones. Internationally, it has won two CONCACAF Champions Cup titles and also finished as runners-up in the 1969 Copa Interamericana. Subregionally, it has won one Campeones Cup.

The club's top goalscorer is José Saturnino Cardozo, who played from 1995 to 2005 and scored 249 goals in 332 appearances.
Can't You See That She's Mine
"Can't You See That She's Mine" is the fourth single released in the United States by the Dave Clark Five. The song was written by Dave Clark and Mike Smith, and was the Dave Clark Five's fourth Gold Record.
The B-side "No Time To Lose" was taken from the previous Dave Clark Five album Glad All Over.

Glad All Over (Dave Clark Five album)
Glad All Over is the American debut studio album of the English rock band the Dave Clark Five. Epic Records released the album on 17 March 1964 in the United States to capitalize on the success of the album's title track, and despite the caption saying "Featuring Bits and Pieces", the single did not become a hit until two months later. The album contains some of their hit songs like "Glad All Over", "Bits and Pieces" and "Do You Love Me". In Canada, it was released as Bits and Pieces on Capitol Records.
Platelet plug
The platelet plug, also known as the hemostatic plug or platelet thrombus, is an aggregation of platelets formed during early stages of hemostasis in response to one or more injuries to blood vessel walls. After platelets are recruited and begin to accumulate around the breakage, their “sticky” nature allows them to adhere to each other. This forms a platelet plug, which prevents more blood from leaving the body as well as any outside contaminants from getting in. The plug provides a temporary blockage of the break in the vasculature. As such, platelet plug formation occurs after vasoconstriction of the blood vessels but before the creation of the fibrin mesh clot, which is the more permanent solution to the injury. The result of the platelet plug formation is the coagulation of blood. It can also be referred to as primary hemostasis.

Thrombin
Thrombin (factor IIa, EC 3.4.21.5) is a serine protease that converts fibrinogen into strands of insoluble fibrin, as well as catalyzing many other coagulation-related reactions.

Prothrombin (coagulation factor II) is encoded in the human by the F2 gene. It is proteolytically cleaved during the clotting process by the prothrombinase enzyme complex to form thrombin.
Qiu Yingling
Qiu Yingling (Chinese: 邱英玲; pinyin: Qiū Yīnglíng; Cantonese Yale: Yau1 Ying1 Ling4; born July 8, 1980, in Yangchun, Yangjiang, Guangdong) is a female Chinese field hockey player who competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

She finished fourth with the Chinese team in the women's competition. She played three matches.

Yangchun
Yangchun, alternately romanized as Yeungchun, (local pronunciation: [jɛŋ31 ʦʰɐn45]) is a county-level city in southwestern Guangdong, China, administered as a part of the prefecture-level city of Yangjiang. Yangchun has an area of 4,055 km2 (1,566 sq mi) and had approximately 1.05 million inhabitants in 2003.
Swedish Golf Tour Final (women)
The Swedish Golf Tour Final, currently known as the Ahlsell Final for sponsorship reason, is a women's professional golf tournament on the Swedish Golf Tour, held as the final event of the season.

The tournament was first played annually from 1997 to 2007 in September or October with Telia as the sponsor, the final installment of which was held at the newly opened Hills Golf Club near Gothenburg.

The event was discontinued after the tour changed its title sponsor from Telia to SAS in 2008, but revived when Nordea became the main sponsor in 2011.

In 2023, it was included in the LET Access Series for the first time.

Swedish Golf Tour (women)
The Swedish Golf Tour for women, since 2022 known as the Ahlsell Nordic Golf Tour for sponsorship reasons, is a professional golf tour for women held in Sweden and neighboring countries since 1986.

Before the establishment of the Ladies European Tour (LET) development tour, LET Access Series (LETAS) in 2010, the tour was the first official feeder tour for the LET. Starting in 2012 selected tournaments have been incorporated in the LETAS schedule, and since 2021, all scheduled tournaments.

The organization that runs the tour operate a corresponding men's Swedish Golf Tour, founded in 1984. The operating company, Svenska Golftourerna AB, was founded in 1988 jointly by the PGA of Sweden and the Swedish Golf Federation (SGF), to organize the two Swedish Golf Tours for men and women. Its first chairperson was Ola Öqvist. In 2018, the SGF became the sole owner and operator.
Nevada School of Law at Old College
Nevada School of Law at Old College was the first law school established in the state of Nevada.  The school, located in Reno, was founded in 1981 by former president of Gonzaga University Rev. John "Jack" P. Leary and then-Washoe County District Attorney Cal Dunlap.  After its first year, the school moved from the former St. Thomas Aquinas Parochial School to its permanent home at the old Reno Gazette-Journal newspaper plant donated by the Gannett Company.  The school lacked the financial means by which to gain full accreditation from the American Bar Association, and it closed its doors in August 1988.  At the time of its closure, the school had an 85% first-time bar passage rate among its graduates.

Washoe County, Nevada
Washoe County (/ˈwɒʃoʊ/) is a county in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 486,492, making it Nevada's second-most populous county. Its county seat is Reno. Washoe County is included in the Reno, NV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The Washoe County landing ship tank was named after this county.