hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway Locomotives
Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway Locomotives comprised 
twelve passenger locomotives (ordered 1838) and two goods locomotives (ordered 1841). When the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway (B&DJR) amalgamated with the Midland Counties Railway and the North Midland Railway to form the Midland Railway (MR) in May 1844, the former B&DJR locomotives were given MR numbers; previously, they had been named, but not numbered. Most were renumbered in February 1847.

Midland Counties Railway
The Midland Counties' Railway (MCR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom which existed between 1839 and 1844, connecting Nottingham, Leicester and Derby with Rugby and thence, via the London and Birmingham Railway, to London. The MCR system connected with the North Midland Railway and the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway in Derby at what become known as the Tri Junct Station. The three later merged to become the Midland Railway.

The part of the MCR line between Nottingham, Derby and Leicester is still in use as part of the Midland Main Line, the part of the route from Leicester to Rugby however was closed in the 1960s.
Brian Paul
Brian E. Paul is a computer programmer who originally wrote and maintained the source code for the open source Mesa graphics library until 2012, and is still active in the project. He began writing its source code in August 1993. Mesa is a free software/open source graphics library that provides a generic OpenGL implementation for rendering three-dimensional graphics on multiple platforms.

OpenGL
OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) is a cross-language, cross-platform application programming interface (API) for rendering 2D and 3D vector graphics. The API is typically used to interact with a graphics processing unit (GPU), to achieve hardware-accelerated rendering.

Silicon Graphics, Inc. (SGI) began developing OpenGL in 1991 and released it on June 30, 1992. It is used for a variety of applications, including computer-aided design (CAD), video games, scientific visualization, virtual reality, and flight simulation. Since 2006, OpenGL has been managed by the non-profit technology consortium Khronos Group.
Sujit Kumar
Sujit Kumar (7 February 1934 – 5 February 2010) was an Indian actor and producer. He appeared in over 150 Hindi films in the 1960s through the 1990s, and in at least 20 Bhojpuri films. Sujit played the major lead actor in many films in Bhojpuri cinema whereas in Hindi films he played pivotal roles either as a villain or as a character actor. One of his most memorable screen appearances was of a friend playing the mouth organ while driving a jeep as Rajesh Khanna's character serenades Sharmila Tagore in the 1969 film Aradhana. Beginning in the late 1980s through the 2000s, Sujit primarily was a film producer. In 1987, his likeness was used by Sega for the character of Shinobi.

Daraar
Daraar (transl. Rift) is a 1996 Indian Hindi-language romantic psychological thriller film directed by Abbas-Mustan starring Juhi Chawla, Rishi Kapoor and Arbaaz Khan in his film debut. Khan received the Filmfare Best Villain Award for his portrayal as a possessive husband. The plot is inspired from 1991 American film, Sleeping with the Enemy.
Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen measure
In the mathematical discipline of ergodic theory, a Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen (SRB) measure is an invariant measure that behaves similarly to, but is not an ergodic measure. In order to be ergodic, the time average would need to equal the space average for almost all initial states , with  being the phase space. For an SRB measure , it suffices that the ergodicity condition be valid for initial states in a set  of positive Lebesgue measure.

The initial ideas pertaining to SRB measures were introduced by Yakov Sinai, David Ruelle and Rufus Bowen in the less general area of Anosov diffeomorphisms and axiom A attractors.

Lebesgue measure
In measure theory, a branch of mathematics, the Lebesgue measure, named after French mathematician Henri Lebesgue, is the standard way of assigning a measure to subsets of higher dimensional Euclidean n-spaces. For lower dimensions , it coincides with the standard measure of length, area, or volume. In general, it is also called n-dimensional volume, n-volume, hypervolume, or simply volume. It is used throughout real analysis, in particular to define Lebesgue integration. Sets that can be assigned a Lebesgue measure are called Lebesgue-measurable; the measure of the Lebesgue-measurable set  is here denoted by .

Henri Lebesgue described this measure in the year 1901 which, a year after, was followed up by his description of the Lebesgue integral. Both were published as part of his dissertation Intégrale, Longueur, Aire in 1902.
Battle of Bakenlaagte
The Battle of Bakenlaagte in  Eastern Transvaal, South Africa, occurred on 30 October 1901 during the guerrilla phase of Anglo-Boer war of 1899–1902. The battle saw the Eastern Transvaal Boer commandos of Generals Johan Grobler, Coen Brits, Piet Viljoen and Louis Botha attack the rearguard of Colonel Benson's much feared No. 3 Flying Column while it was in marching formation to its base camp. On the Boer side general Daniel Opperman was killed in the engagement. The Bakenlaagte battlefield is located on the Kriel-Kinross road at the intersection of the R547 and R580 roads in Mpumalanga Province, just south of Matla Power Station.

Louis Botha
Louis Botha (locally /ˈbʊərtə/ BOOR-tə, Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈlu.i ˈbuəta]; 27 September 1862 – 27 August 1919) was a South African politician who was the first prime minister of the Union of South Africa, the forerunner of the modern South African state. A Boer war veteran during the Second Boer War, Botha eventually fought to have South Africa become a British Dominion.
Chhota Udaipur–Dhar line
The Chhota Udaipur–Dhar line is a railway line under construction from Chhota Udaipur railway station to Dhar railway station. It is a part of Western Railway zone of Indian Railways.

This corridor passes through the ranges of Chhota Udaipur Hills in Gujarat and Sondwara Plateau in Madhya Pradesh. It will play an important role in directly connecting Vadodara and Indore and also it's a joint project of Indore–Dahod line. It will put Dhar first time on the railway line. This was demanded over decades by the residents of Nimar region as well as Central Gujarat.

It's also an important tourism destination by rail after connecting with Alirajpur and Dhar. Where Alirajpur is famous for wood carvings and mango farms, Dhar is famous for historical tourist destinations.

Central Gujarat
Central Gujarat is region which is geographically located in center of Gujarat in India.

It includes following districts:

Vadodara

Mahisagar

Anand (called Charotar)

Kheda

Panchmahal

Dahod

Chhota Udaipur

Amdavad (Ahmedabad)

The population of this region is 21,221,431 people according to the 2011 Census of India.
Protofeminism
Protofeminism is a concept that anticipates modern feminism in eras when the feminist concept as such was still unknown. This refers particularly to times before the 20th century, although the precise usage is disputed, as 18th-century feminism and 19th-century feminism are often subsumed into "feminism". The usefulness of the term protofeminist has been questioned by some modern scholars, as has the term postfeminist.

Anna Maria van Schurman
Anna Maria van Schurman  (November 5, 1607 – May 4, 1678) was a Dutch painter, engraver, poet, classical scholar, philosopher, and feminist writer who is best known for her exceptional learning and her defence of female education. She was a highly educated woman, who excelled in art, music, and literature, and became a polyglot proficient in fourteen languages, including Latin, Ancient Greek, Biblical Hebrew, Arabic, Syriac, Aramaic, and Ethiopic, as well as various contemporary European languages. She was the first woman to study, unofficially, at a Dutch university.
John K. Hale (Iowa politician)
John K. Hale (27 August 1858 – 31 January 1946) was an American politician from Iowa.

Hale was born in Guilford, Connecticut, on 27 August 1858, and moved with his family near Anamosa, Iowa, in 1859. He married for the first time in 1879, to Carrie Black, with whom he had one daughter. After she died in 1881, Hale remarried the next year, to Clare E. Stone, and had another daughter. Hale farmed outside of Anamosa until 1892, when he moved into the town itself and became a grocer.

Hale was a Republican. He first served as a trustee of Jackson Township, before his election as a Jones County supervisor. After eight years as a county supervisor, he ran for the Iowa House of Representatives in 1914, and served a single two-year term for District 47. Hale was elected to the Iowa Senate in 1916 from District 24. Hale retained the seat for two terms, and stepped down in 1924. He died on 31 January 1946.

Guilford, Connecticut
Guilford is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. It borders Madison, Branford, North Branford, and Durham. It is situated on I-95 and the Connecticut coast. The town is part of the South Central Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 22,073 at the 2020 census.
Universal Nation
"Universal Nation" is a song by Belgian DJ/producer Mike "M.I.K.E." Dierickx under his alias Push. What began as small trance studio project in late 1997, became an international commercial success over the years. The song was first released in 1998 on the legendary Belgian trance label Bonzai Records. After receiving positive reviews, the song was signed in France, Spain and Germany. One year later, other European countries followed (UK, Italy, Norway, Sweden, The Netherlands). Due to the several individual releases, the song has three different titles: Universal Nation, Universal Nation ’99 and Universal Nation (The Real Anthem).

Mike Dierickx is generally praised for his high quality productions. Universal Nation is often quoted as an "all time favorite trance record". In 1999 Universal Nation won "Best club single Move-X Dance Awards".

Bonzai Records
Bonzai Records, also known as Bonzai Music or Bonzai Progressive, is a Belgium-based record label specializing in techno, trance, hard trance, Goa trance, rave music and hardcore music.

It was formed by DJ Fly in the back of record-shop The Blitz in Belgium in 1992 as a sublabel to Lightning Records, which went bankrupt in March 2003 and was subsequently replaced by the Banshee Worx label. Since its renewal in 2003, the label has released records under "Bonzai Progressive", however the 'Bonzai Records' catalog numbering continues.
Md. Jahangir Alam
Md. Jahangir Alam is a Bangladeshi academic, earthquake expert, and former vice-chancellor of Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology.

Alam is also a former vice-chancellor of Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology and of University of Science and Technology Chittagong.

Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, commonly known by the acronym RUET, is a PhD granting, 2nd oldest public engineering and technological research university in Bangladesh. It specialises in the fields of applied sciences, engineering, technology, architecture, and urban planning.
White Oak distillery
White Oak distillery (Japanese: ホワイトオーク蒸溜所, Hepburn: Howaitoōku jōryūsho) is a Japanese whisky distillery.  In operation since 1984, it is located in Akashi (明石市, Akashi-shi), a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The distillery released its first single malt in late 2007, under the "Akashi" label.

Akashi, Hyōgo
Akashi (明石市, Akashi-shi) is a city in southern Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 305,925 in 137,288 households and a population density of 6,200 people per km2. The total area of the city is 49.42 square kilometres (19.08 sq mi).
Hrōþ
Hroth (*hrōþ) is a Proto-Germanic term for fame, glory, appearing in various personal names:

Robert *Hrōþ-berht "fame-bright"

Rudolph *Hrōþ-wulf- "fame-wolf"

Roderick *Hrōþi-rīk- "famous ruler"

Hrothgar or Roger *Hrōþi-gaiz- "famous spear"

Roland "fame-land"

The putative goddess Hretha mentioned by Bede would likely also be connected to the same etymon.

Recognition (sociology)
Recognition is the public acknowledgment of a person's social status or merits (achievements, virtues, service, etc.).
Another example is when some person is accorded some special status, such as title or classification.
Sanguan Rojanavongse
Sanguan Rojanavongse (Thai: สงวน โรจนวงศ์, RTGS: Sa-nguan Rotchanawong; 7 June 1905 – 5 August 1987) was a Thai surgeon. He graduated from the Siriraj Hospital Faculty of Medicine of Chulalongkorn University in 1929, then trained in surgery and worked at Siriraj Hospital, also attaining fellowships at the Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow and the International College of Surgeons. He transferred to the Army Medical Department in 1935, and attended to injured personnel during the Franco-Thai war, for which he was awarded the Dushdi Mala Medal in 1941. He eventually reached the rank of major general in the Army, was named to the board of the University of Medical Sciences in 1952, and served as President of the Medical Association of Thailand from 1960 to 1961.

Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University (Thai: คณะแพทยศาสตร์ศิริราชพยาบาล) is the oldest and largest medical school and the oldest of any kind of university faculty in Thailand. The faculty is now part of Mahidol University. Founded in 1889, the faculty was run in co-operation with Siriraj Hospital, the first public hospital in Thailand, which provides students with clinical experience. The faculty's campus and hospital is in the Bangkok Noi District, Bangkok, on the former Rear Palace. The medical school accepts about 250 students for undergraduate education and more than 100 to postgraduate studies each year.
Friedrich Wiese
Heinrich Friedrich Wiese (5 December 1892 – 13 February 1975) was a German general in the Wehrmacht who commanded the 19th Army. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany.

19th Army (Wehrmacht)
The 19th Army (German: 19. Armee) was a World War II field army of the German Army. Active from 1943 to 1945 on the Western Front, it was tasked with defending southern France and before being pushed back to the French–German border during Operation Dragoon and then into southern Germany.
2007 Ålandic legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Åland on 21 October 2007 to elect members of the  for the Lagting. All 30 seats were up for election to four-year terms using proportional representation. The Åland Progress Group did not participate in the elections, as its sole member of the Lagting, Ronald Boman, opted to retire, while a new organisation, the Hut Group, unsuccessfully contested its first election.

The Liberals for Åland won the most seats in the election and formed a government with Åland Centre, in which Liberal Viveka Eriksson became the new premier.

Premier
Premier is a title for the head of government in  central governments, state governments and local governments of some countries.  A second in command to a premier is designated as a deputy premier.

A premier will normally be a head of government, but is not the head of state. In presidential systems, the two roles are often combined into one, whereas in parliamentary systems of government the two are usually kept separate.
Jayme Monjardim
Jayme Monjardim Matarazzo (São Paulo, São Paulo, May 19, 1956) is a Brazilian TV and film director. He is the only child of André Matarazzo Filho and Maysa Matarazzo.

He is the former husband of actress Ingra Liberato, divorced without issue. He has also been married to Fernanda Lauer, with whom he had two children (Maria Fernanda Matarazzo and Jayme Matarazzo Filho). With actress Daniela Escobar, whom he married in 1995 and divorced in 2003, he had a son named André Matarazzo (born in 1998). On March 10, 2007, Jayme Monjardim married singer Tânia Mara. In September 2010, Mara gave birth to their first child, a daughter, named after Monjardim's famous mother, Maysa.

His works as TV director include the telenovelas Pantanal, Terra Nostra, O Clone, América and Viver a Vida. He also directed the film Olga.

Pantanal (1990 TV series)
Pantanal is a Brazilian telenovela that aired on Rede Manchete from March 27, 1990, to December 10, 1990. The series is written by Benedito Ruy Barbosa and directed by Jayme Monjardim, Carlos Magalhães, Marcelo de Barreto, and Roberto Naar. It is set on the Pantanal region in Mato Grosso do Sul located in midwestern Brazil. The production received logistical support from TV MS, which at the time was an affiliate of the network.

Pantanal is considered an ecological or environmental telenovela; a small sub-category of the genre whose purpose is to dramatize, and raise audience awareness of environmental degradation.
We Got That Cool
"We Got That Cool" is a song written by Hanna Jäger and co-recorded and produced by Belgian DJ Yves V featuring Dutch DJ/producer Afrojack and Swedish synth-pop duo Icona Pop. The song interpolates Crystal Waters's 1991 hit "Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)". In the United States, the single reached number four on Billboard's Dance/Mix Show Airplay chart in November 2019. It was also featured in the FIFA 21 video game soundtrack.

Crystal Waters
Crystal Waters (born November 19, 1961) is an American house and dance music singer and songwriter, best known for her 1990s dance hits "Gypsy Woman", "100% Pure Love", and 2007's "Destination Calabria" with Alex Gaudino. All three of her studio albums produced a Top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100. In December 2016, Billboard magazine ranked her as one of the most successful dance artists of all time. Her accolades include six ASCAP Songwriter awards, three American Music Award nominations, an MTV Video Music Award nod, four Billboard Music Awards and twelve No. 1 Billboard Dance Chart hits. Her hit song "Gypsy Woman” has been sampled hundreds of times. Though her music sales have yet to be re-certified, Waters has sold over 7 million records worldwide.
Telegrame (film)
Telegrame is a 1959 Romanian comedy film directed by Aurel Miheleș and Gheorghe Naghi and starring Grigore Vasiliu Birlic. The film, based on the eponymous sketch by Ion Luca Caragiale, premiered in Romania on 1 March 1960. It was entered into the 1960 Cannes Film Festival.

1960 Cannes Film Festival
The 13th Cannes Film Festival took place from 4 to 20 May 1960. Belgian writer Georges Simenon served as Jury President for the main competition. The Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, was awarded to La Dolce Vita by Federico Fellini.

The festival opened with Ben-Hur by William Wyler.
Ellis–Numakura lemma
In mathematics, the Ellis–Numakura lemma states that if S is a non-empty semigroup with a topology such that S is a compact space and the product is semi-continuous, then S has an idempotent element p, (that is, with pp = p).  The lemma is named after Robert Ellis and Katsui Numakura.

The compact topological semigroups appearing in this lemma should be distinguished with compact semigroups, in which "compact" is not used with its topological meaning.

Compact semigroup
In mathematics, a compact semigroup is a semigroup in which the sets of solutions to equations can be described by finite sets of equations.  The term "compact" here does not refer to any topology on the semigroup.

Let S be a semigroup and X a finite set of letters.  A system of equations is a subset E of the Cartesian product X∗ × X∗ of the free monoid (finite strings) over X with itself.  The system E is satisfiable in S if there is a map f from X to S, which extends to a semigroup morphism f from X+ to S, such that for all (u,v) in E we have f(u) = f(v) in S.  Such an f is a solution, or satisfying assignment, for the system E.

Two systems of equations are equivalent if they have the same set of satisfying assignments.  A system of equations if independent if it is not equivalent to a proper subset of itself.  A semigroup is compact if every independent system of equations is finite.
Yorkshire Imperial Band
The Yorkshire Imperial Band, nicknamed the Yorkshire Imps, is a brass band from West Yorkshire, England. The band is listed as one of the top 10 bands of the second half of the 20th century in Dr Roy Newsome’s ‘The Modern Brass Band’.

Past players in the band include Cornet artist Philip McCann, Trombone virtuoso Ian Bousfield, and Euphonium artists Robert Childs, and Nicholas Childs.

The band have played at The Royal Albert Hall, Wembley Stadium and the World Music Festival in Kerkrade and have shared the concert stage with musicians Diana Ross, Eric Clapton, Barry Manilow and Shirley Bassey. In 2019 the band performed at BBC Countryfile Live which took place at Castle Howard, York.

Castle Howard
Castle Howard is an English country house in Henderskelfe, North Yorkshire, 15 miles (24 km) north of York. A private residence, it has been the home of the Carlisle branch of the Howard family for more than 300 years. Castle Howard has been used as a filming location in several films and television shows, including in Granada Television's 1981 television adaptation of Evelyn Waugh's Brideshead Revisited and in a 2008 film adaptation.
2015 World Wrestling Championships
The 2015 UWW World Wrestling Championships were the 12th edition of World Wrestling Championships of combined events and was held from September 7 to 12 at Orleans Arena in Paradise, Nevada, in the Las Vegas Valley, United States.

Orleans Arena
Orleans Arena is a 9,500-seat multi-purpose arena in Paradise, Nevada, in the Las Vegas Valley.  It is located at the Orleans Hotel and Casino and is operated by Coast Casinos, a subsidiary of Boyd Gaming Corporation.

The arena is the home to the Vegas Rollers of World TeamTennis since 2019. It is also an occasional home for the UNLV Rebels basketball team when the Thomas & Mack Center is in use. The arena was the home of the Las Vegas Wranglers ice hockey team from 2003 to 2014, the Las Vegas Gladiators arena football team in 2007, as well as the Las Vegas Sin women's football team.

In 2020, the Vegas Golden Knights announced it was purchasing and relocating an American Hockey League (AHL) franchise. The Henderson Silver Knights played two seasons at Orleans Arena until the club's new 6,000-seat arena was completed in Henderson, Nevada in March 2022.
Joanna Cargill
Joanna Cargill, also known as Frenzy, is a fictional character, a mutant superhuman appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Frenzy first appeared in X-Factor #4 (May 1986) and was created by Bob Layton and Keith Pollard. Frenzy is a mutant with the ability of superhuman strength and durability.

Frenzy was initially a member of supervillain groups, including the Alliance of Evil and the Acolytes, later becoming a superhero, joining the X-Men and X-Factor.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.