hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ricky Davis (American football)
Richard Terrell Davis (born May 18, 1953) is an American former professional football defensive back who played from 1975 to 1978 for the Cincinnati Bengals, Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He attended Jess Lanier High School, college at the University of Alabama and was the Cincinnati Bengals eighth round pick in the 1975 NFL draft.

1975 NFL draft
The 1975 NFL draft was held January 28–29, 1975, at the New York Hilton at Rockefeller Center in New York City, New York. With the first overall pick of the draft, the Atlanta Falcons selected quarterback Steve Bartkowski.
Sawtooth National Recreation Area
The Sawtooth National Recreation Area (SNRA) is a national recreation area in central Idaho, United States that is managed as part of Sawtooth National Forest. The recreation area, established on August 22, 1972, is managed by the U.S. Forest Service, and includes the Sawtooth, Hemingway–Boulders, and Cecil D. Andrus–White Clouds wilderness areas. Activities within the 730,864-acre (2,957.70 km2) recreation area include hiking, backpacking, White water rafting, camping, rock climbing, kayaking, mountain biking, fishing, and hunting.

The SNRA headquarters are about seven miles (11 km) north of Ketchum on Highway 75. SNRA also has a ranger station in Stanley, near its northern boundary.

Mountain biking
Mountain biking (abbr. MTB) is a sport of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, usually using specially designed mountain bikes. Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain, such as air or coil-sprung shocks used as suspension, larger and wider wheels and tires, stronger frame materials, and mechanically or hydraulically actuated disc brakes. Mountain biking can generally be broken down into distinct categories: cross country, trail, all mountain, enduro, downhill and freeride.
Probus (consul 513)
Probus (floruit 510–513) was a Roman politician and consul for 513.

He came from a family renowned for its learning, and he himself is praised for his culture by Ennodius (Letters, VIII.21, autumn 510).

In 512 he was a vir illustris; the following year he held the consulate (CIL V, 6266).

Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
The Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL) is a comprehensive collection of ancient Latin inscriptions. It forms an authoritative source for documenting the surviving epigraphy of classical antiquity. Public and personal inscriptions throw light on all aspects of Roman life and history. The Corpus continues to be updated in new editions and supplements.

CIL also refers to the organization within the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities responsible for collecting data on and publishing the Latin inscriptions. It was founded in 1853 by Theodor Mommsen and is the first and major organization aiming at a comprehensive survey.
Manitou Island (Michigan)
Manitou Island is a small island in Lake Superior, off the northeastern tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is part of Grant Township, in Keweenaw County. Located approximately three miles from the mainland, it encompasses around 1,000 acres (4.0 km2). Manitou has seen limited impact from human activity because of its remote location and the often-treacherous waters caused by a strong current at the peninsula's tip. It is mostly forested, with scattered bogs and an inland lake known as "Perch Lake". Dense underbrush can make travel around the island rather difficult, though a few unimproved trails do exist. The Keweenaw Land Trust protects 93 acres (0.38 km2) of the island as the Manitou Island Light Station Preserve.

Keweenaw County, Michigan
Keweenaw County (/ˈkiːwənɔː/, KEE-wə-naw) is a county in the western Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 2,046, making it Michigan's least populous county. It is also the state's largest county by total area, including the waters of Lake Superior, as well as the state's northernmost county. The county seat is Eagle River.

Located at the northeastern end of the Keweenaw Peninsula, Keweenaw County is part of the Houghton, Michigan micropolitan area. Keweenaw County contains two National Park Service units: Isle Royale National Park and Keweenaw National Historical Park. The county is part of Michigan's Copper Country region, an area where copper mining was prevalent from the 1840s to the 1960s.
Old Spanish Customers
Old Spanish Customers is a 1932 British comedy film directed by Lupino Lane and starring Leslie Fuller, Binnie Barnes and Drusilla Wills. It was also known as Toreadors Don't Care. Val Guest has a small role; he later called the film "a terrible thing".

Val Guest
Val Guest (born Valmond Maurice Grossman; 11 December 1911 – 10 May 2006) was an English film director and screenwriter. Beginning as a writer (and later director) of comedy films, he is best known for his work for Hammer, for whom he directed 14 films, and for his science fiction films. He enjoyed a long career in the film industry from the early 1930s until the early 1980s.
Anthrone
Anthrone is a tricyclic aromatic ketone. It is used for a common cellulose assay and in the colorimetric determination of carbohydrates.

Derivatives of anthrone are used in pharmacy as laxative. They stimulate the motion of the colon and reduce water reabsorption. Some anthrone derivatives can be extracted from a variety of plants, including Rhamnus frangula, Aloe ferox, Rheum officinale, and Cassia senna. Glycosides of anthrone are also found in high amounts in rhubarb leaves, and alongside concentrated amounts of oxalic acid are the reason for the leaves being inedible.

Senna alexandrina
Senna alexandrina (Alexandrian senna, in Arabic عشرج or عشرق or سنامكي and see below) is an ornamental plant in the genus Senna. It is used in herbalism. It grows natively in upper Egypt, especially in the Nubian region, and near Khartoum (Sudan), where it is cultivated commercially. It is also grown elsewhere, notably in India and Somalia.

Not native to the USSR, it was farmed in southern Kazakhstan for medicine.
Purovsky District
Purovsky District (Russian: Пу́ровский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seven in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug of Tyumen Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center and south of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is 108,400 square kilometers (41,900 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Tarko-Sale. Population: 51,280 (2010 Census);  47,667 (2002 Census); 56,049 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Tarko-Sale accounts for 39.8% of the district's total population.

Autonomous okrugs of Russia
Autonomous okrugs, (Russian: автономный округ, romanized: avtonomnyy okrug) which are also referred to as "autonomous districts" or "autonomous areas" are a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation and simultaneously an administrative division type of some federal subjects. As of 2024, Russia has four autonomous okrugs of its 83 federal subjects. The Chukotka Autonomous Okrug is the only okrug which is not subordinate to an oblast. The Nenets Autonomous Okrug is a part of Arkhangelsk Oblast, the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug are parts of Tyumen Oblast.

According to the Constitution of the Soviet Union, in case of a union republic voting on leaving the Soviet Union, autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts, and autonomous okrugs had the right, by means of a referendum, to independently resolve whether they will stay in the USSR or leave with the seceding union republic, as well as to raise the issue of their state-legal status.
Zhang Jin (gymnast)
Zhang Jin (Chinese: 章瑾; pinyin: Zhāng Jǐn; born 25 November 2000) is a former Chinese artistic gymnast. She is a 2018 World bronze medalist and 2018 Asian Games champion in the team event. She is also the 2018 Asian Games bronze medalist on the balance beam and the 2018 Stuttgart World Cup all-around champion. She represented China at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Balance beam
The balance beam is a rectangular artistic gymnastics apparatus and an event performed using the apparatus. The apparatus and the event are sometimes simply called "beam". The English abbreviation for the event in gymnastics scoring is BB. The balance beam is performed competitively only by female gymnasts.
Possum Grape, Arkansas
Possum Grape is an unincorporated community in Jackson County, Arkansas, United States. The community is on Arkansas Highway 367 between Bradford, Batesville, and Newport, near the White River.

The origin of the town's name is disputed. One explanation is that its name came from the possum grape, a type of wild grape found in the area. Another is that the name was chosen in 1954 as a compromise between conflicting groups of residents who called the community "Possum" and "Grape" respectively; however, local newspapers described the area as Possum Grape as early as 1929.

Batesville, Arkansas
Batesville is the largest city in and the county seat of Independence County, Arkansas, United States, 80 miles (128 km) northeast of Little Rock, the state capital. According to the 2020 Census, the population of the city was 11,191. The city serves as a regional manufacturing and distribution hub for the Ozark Mountain region and Northeast Arkansas.
Support surface
Support surface is any material, such as a mattress, that supports people who are bed-ridden through illness. Research and development of appropriate support surfaces can alleviate some of the complications of immobility, such as bedsores and respiratory problems.

The National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel's (NPUAP) Support Surface Standards Initiative (S3I) has released the first version of its Terms and Definitions Document. This set of definitions is provided in an attempt to redefine commonly used and confused terms. The terms describe support surface features, components, categories, and performance characteristics.

Bedridden
Being bedridden is a form of immobility that can present as the inability to move or even sit upright. It differs from bed-rest, a form of non-invasive treatment that is usually part of recovery or the limitation of activities. Some of the more serious consequences of being bedridden is the high risk of developing thrombosis and muscle wasting (atrophy).
Defence Research Policy Committee
The Defence Research Policy Committee, or DRPC, was a British Cabinet-level standing committee formed in 1947 that advised and directed military research in the United Kingdom. It was the equivalent of the US's National Defense Research Committee or the Canadian Defence Research Board. Among its better known chairmen were Henry Tizard, John Cockcroft and Solly Zuckerman. Its advice was "typically ignored" and the committee was reformed in 1963.

Solly Zuckerman, Baron Zuckerman
Solomon "Solly" Zuckerman, Baron Zuckerman OM KCB FRS (30 May 1904 – 1 April 1993) was a British public servant, zoologist and operational research pioneer. He is best remembered as a scientific advisor to the Allies on bombing strategy in the Second World War, for his work to advance the cause of nuclear non-proliferation, and for his role in bringing attention to global economic issues.
Maria Okanrende
Maria Okanrende is a Nigerian television and radio personality.

She co-hosts The Morning Rush on The Beat 99.9 FM. She previously hosted at Dropout UK, Hayes FM and worked as a production assistant at Global Radio.

Global Media & Entertainment
Global Media & Entertainment Limited, trading as Global, is a British media company formed in 2007. It is the owner of the largest commercial radio company in Europe having expanded through a number of historical acquisitions, including Chrysalis Radio, GCap Media, and GMG Radio. Global owns and operates seven core radio brands, all employing a national network strategy, including Capital, Heart, Smooth, Radio X, Gold, Classic FM, and LBC.

Global is also one of the leading out-of-home advertising (OOH) companies in the UK.
Schiphol Busnet
Schiphol Busnet is the name used by Connexxion to operate the public transport by bus at Schiphol Airport and the town of Schiphol, and the surrounding towns of Aalsmeer, Amstelveen, Amsterdam and Badhoevedorp. Prior to December 2017, the network was operated using the brand name Schiphol Sternet.

Amstelveen
Amstelveen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɑmstəlˈveːn] ⓘ) is a municipality and city in the province of North Holland, Netherlands, with a population of 95,996 as of 2024. It is a suburban part of the Amsterdam metropolitan area.

The municipality of Amstelveen consists of the historical villages of Bovenkerk and Nes aan de Amstel.  In addition, as well as Downtown Amstelveen (Dutch: Amstelveen stadshart), it contains the following neighbourhoods: Westwijk, Bankras-Kostverloren, Groenelaan, Waardhuizen, Middenhoven, Randwijk, Elsrijk and Keizer Karelpark. The name Amstelveen comes from the Amstel, a local river (as does the name Amsterdam) and veen, meaning fen, peat, or moor. Amstelveen houses the international headquarters of Dutch national airline KLM (although it is slated to leave for Schiphol  in the future, plans to move have been delayed due to covid and high costs) and KPMG, one of the Big Four accounting firms. The Cobra Museum is also located in Amstelveen.
Demeter (satellite)
DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) was a French micro-satellite operated by CNES devoted to the investigation of the ionospheric disturbances due to seismic and volcanic activity.

It was launched on June 29, 2004, on a quasi Sun-synchronous circular orbit with an inclination of about 98.23° and an altitude of about 710 km. The altitude was changed to about 660 km in December 2005.

Due to the specific orbit, DEMETER was always located either shortly before the local noon (10:30 local time) or local midnight (22:30 local time). The satellite performs 14 orbits per day and measures continuously between -65° and +65° of invariant latitude.

DEMETER observed an increase in ultra low frequency radio waves in the month before the 2010 Haiti earthquake.

During the 2010 eruption of Mount Merapi, DEMETER noted anomalies in the ionosphere.

Scientific operations ended December 9, 2010.

Sun-synchronous orbit
A Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), also called a heliosynchronous orbit, is a nearly polar orbit around a planet, in which the satellite passes over any given point of the planet's surface at the same local mean solar time. More technically, it is an orbit arranged so that it precesses through one complete revolution each year, so it always maintains the same relationship with the Sun.
French ship Dupleix
Four ships of the French Navy have been named Dupleix in honour of the 18th century Governor of Pondichéry and Gouverneur Général of the French possessions in India marquess Joseph François Dupleix:

A Dupleix, a corvette (1856–1887) famous for her involvement in the Japanese revolution

Dupleix, a 7,700-tonne armoured cruiser (1900–1919)

Dupleix, a 10,000-tonne cruiser (1929–1942)

The present Dupleix is a F70 type anti-submarine frigate

At least three French merchant ships have also borne the name:

A steamship of 1,409 tons, which operated between Sydney and Noumea between 1883 and 1889, when it was sold, and renamed Jubilee.

A three-masted barque (1901–1917) sunk by the German commerce raider Seeadler on the 5 March 1917

A cargo ship (1914–1942) sunk in the Pacific by a Japanese submarine

Joseph François Dupleix
Joseph Marquis Dupleix (French pronunciation: [ʒozɛf maʁki dyplɛks]; Unknown – 10 November 1763) was Governor-General of French India and rival of Robert Clive. He was the son of wealthy general of Taxes and Director general of the company of Indies. Due to his Father's influence he got high position in Pondicherry .
Johnny Goodgame
John W. Goodgame (August 28, 1893 – August 28, 1962) was an American Negro league pitcher in the 1910s.

A native of Talladega, Alabama, Goodgame attended Atlanta Baptist College and Talladega College. He made his Negro leagues debut in 1911 with the Leland Giants, and played for the Brooklyn Royal Giants and Chicago Giants the following season. Goodgame died in Birmingham, Alabama in 1962 at age 69.

Leland Giants
The Leland Giants, originally the Chicago Union Giants, were a Negro league baseball team that competed independently during the first decade of the 20th century. The team was formed via a merge of the Chicago Unions and the Chicago Columbia Giants in 1901, and then split in 1910 to form the Chicago Giants and what would become known as the Chicago American Giants.  The team was named after its owner and manager, Frank Leland.
Alternating series test
In mathematical analysis, the alternating series test proves that an alternating series is convergent when its terms decrease monotonically in absolute value and approach zero in the limit. The test was devised by Gottfried Leibniz and is sometimes known as Leibniz's test, Leibniz's rule, or the Leibniz criterion. The test is only sufficient, not necessary, so some convergent alternating series may fail the first part of the test.

For a generalization, see Dirichlet's test.

Mathematical analysis
Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limits, and related theories, such as differentiation, integration, measure, infinite sequences, series, and analytic functions.

These theories are usually studied in the context of real and complex numbers and functions. Analysis evolved from calculus, which involves the elementary concepts and techniques of analysis.
Analysis may be distinguished from geometry; however, it can be applied to any space of mathematical objects that has a definition of nearness (a topological space) or specific distances between objects  (a metric space).
Bordignon
Bordignon is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arghus Soares Bordignon (born 1988),  Brazilian football centre-back

Claudio Bordignon, Italian hematologist

Enrica Bordignon (born 1975), Italian chemist

Noè Bordignon (1841–1920), Italian painter

Fábio da Silva Bordignon (born 1992), Brazilian Paralympic athlete

Giorgia Bordignon (born 1987),  Italian weightlifter

Laura Bordignon (born 1981), Italian discus thrower and shot putter

Giorgia Bordignon
Giorgia Bordignon (born 24 May 1987) is an Italian weightlifter. She  competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, and  won the silver medal in the women's 64 kg event.  She competed in the women's 63 kg event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Twizzlers
Twizzlers are a licorice-type candy manufactured by Y&S Candies, Inc., which is headquartered in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States and a division of The Hershey Company. Twizzlers were first produced in 1929 by Young and Smylie, as the company was then called.  The licorice company was founded in 1845, making it one of the oldest confectionery firms in the United States.  Twizzlers ingredients consist of corn syrup, wheat flour, sugar, cornstarch, and smaller amounts of palm oil, salt, artificial flavor, glycerin, citric acid, potassium sorbate, Red 40, and soy lecithin.  Despite only the black Twizzlers containing extracts of the licorice plant, Twizzlers products are collectively referred to as licorice-type candy. Seventy percent of the annual production of Twizzlers are strawberry, the most popular Twizzlers flavor.

Orthodox Union
The Orthodox Union (abbreviated OU) is one of the largest Orthodox Jewish organizations in the United States. Founded on June 8, 1898, the OU supports a network of synagogues, youth programs, Jewish and Religious Zionist advocacy programs, programs for the disabled, localized religious study programs, and international units with locations in Israel and formerly in Ukraine. The OU maintains a kosher certification service, whose circled-U hechsher symbol, U+24CA Ⓤ CIRCLED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U, is found on the labels of many kosher commercial and consumer food products.

Its synagogues and their rabbis typically identify themselves with Modern Orthodox Judaism.
Tengujo
Tengujo or tengucho paper (典具帖紙, tenguchōshi) is a specialist Japanese paper. It is an extremely thin kōzo paper that is almost transparent. One of its uses is for archival conservation. It has also been used for lighting design.

The paper is produced in the Kochi prefecture of Japan by the company Hidaka Washi since 1949. The product is made with kozo (stems of mulberry trees), alkaline water and neri (a liquid from the tororo-aoi plant).

Kōchi Prefecture
Kōchi Prefecture (高知県, Kōchi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [koꜜː.tɕi, koː.tɕi̥ꜜ.keɴ], locally [koː.tɕi]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Kōchi Prefecture has a population of 669,516 (1 April 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,103 km2 (2,742 sq mi). Kōchi Prefecture borders Ehime Prefecture to the northwest and Tokushima Prefecture to the northeast.

Kōchi is the capital and largest city of Kōchi Prefecture, with other major cities including Nankoku, Shimanto, and Kōnan. Kōchi Prefecture is located on Japan's Pacific coast surrounding a large bay in the south of Shikoku, with the southernmost point of the island located at Cape Ashizuri in Tosashimizu. Kōchi Prefecture is home to Kōchi Castle, considered the most intact Japanese castle, and the Shimanto River, one of the few undammed rivers in Japan.
Molly Walker (footballer)
Mary Alice Walker (1898 – ?) was an English women's association football player and the earliest known women's player to be transferred between clubs for a fee. She was one of four players who moved from Lancaster Ladies to Dick, Kerr Ladies F.C. after a match between the clubs in December 1917, and the only of the four offered compensation specific to her transfer. She debuted for Dick, Kerr Ladies against Barrow-in-Furness at Deepdale on Good Friday of 1918, in which Walker scored the match-winning goal.

Deepdale
Deepdale is a football stadium in the Deepdale area of Preston, England that is the home ground of Preston North End. Built in 1875 and in use since 1878, Deepdale is recognised as being one of the oldest continuously used football stadiums in the world, although the club's claim that it is the oldest is contested.
E Township, Maine
E is an unincorporated township located in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. It is part of the Central Aroostook Unorganized Territory and borders the towns of Blaine to the east and Westfield to the north. As of the 1990 census, when it was still organized as a plantation, E Plantation had 64 residents. However, in 1990 its residents decided to disorganize the community and give up control to the state in an effort to reduce taxes. K–12 education for the community is provided by Maine School Administrative District 42, which also serves neighboring Blaine and Mars Hill. However, because E Plantation withdrew from the school district following its disorganization, its students are paid tuition.

Tuition payments
Tuition payments, usually known as tuition in American English and as tuition fees in Commonwealth English, are fees charged by education institutions for instruction or other services. Besides public spending (by governments and other public bodies), private spending via tuition payments are the largest revenue sources for education institutions in some countries. In most developed countries, especially countries in Scandinavia and Continental Europe, there are no or only nominal tuition fees for all forms of education, including university and other higher education.