hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark Spencer (British politician)
Sir Mark Steven Spencer (born 20 January 1970) is a British politician who served as Minister of State for Food, Farming and Fisheries between 2022 and 2024. He previously served as Leader of the House of Commons and Lord President of the Council from February to September 2022 and as Chief Whip from 2019 to 2022. A member of the Conservative Party, he served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Sherwood from 2010 until 2024, when he lost his seat in the 2024 General election.

Lord President of the Council
The Lord President of the Council is the presiding officer of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and the fourth of the Great Officers of State, ranking below the Lord High Treasurer but above the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal. The Lord President usually attends and is responsible for chairing the meetings of the Privy Council, presenting business for the approval of the Sovereign.
Target Approval and Review Committee
A branch of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS), the Target Approval and Review Committee (TARC) grants or denies the ability to put a suspect or group under surveillance and open a clandestine investigation. It is chaired by the Director of CSIS (currently Daniel Rogers as of 2024), senior CSIS officers and representatives from the Department of Justice and Deputy Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness.

In March 1991, TARC amended their previous regulations, and included a requirement that the Solicitor General must be consulted before allowing any investigation.

"The range of investigative techniques to be deployed under this authorization will be subject to consultation with the Minister."

From this point on, the Service was required to send an aide-mémoire to the Solicitor General - prior to implementing the TARC Certificate.

Aide-mémoire
In diplomatic correspondence, an aide-mémoire is a proposed agreement or negotiating text circulated informally among delegations for discussion without committing the originating delegation's country to the contents. It has no identified source, title, or attribution and no standing in the relationship involved. Such a text is also referred to as a non-paper in many international organizations, including the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization and sometimes within the European Union.
Salem Senators
The Salem Senators are the longest lasting name used by several minor league baseball teams based in Salem in the U.S. state of Oregon. The team name derived from Salem being the capital of Oregon. The team was founded in 1940.  The current incarnation competes in the Mavericks Independent Baseball League.

Kirk McCaskill
Kirk Edward McCaskill (born April 9, 1961) is a Canadian-American former Major League Baseball pitcher and former professional ice hockey player. He played in Major League Baseball for the California Angels and Chicago White Sox between 1985 and 1996, and played in the American Hockey League for the Sherbrooke Jets during the 1983–84 season.
Thorncliffe Stable
Thorncliffe Stable is a defunct Thoroughbred and Standardbred horse racing and breeding operation established in 1888 in Toronto, Ontario by businessman Robert T. Davies. The stable was based at Davies' Thorn Cliff Farm in the Don River Valley in what is now known as Thorncliffe Park. Yellow and black were the stable's racing colours.

When Robert Davies died in 1916 his sons, Robert, George, Wilfred and Melville took over the racing operation but sold the Thorncliffe farm property to a group of investors from Baltimore, Maryland who built Thorncliffe Park Raceway.

During its existence, Thorncliffe Stable won numerous important races in Ontario including the:

Coronation Futurity (1921, 1922, 1928, 1932)

Queen's Plate (1922, 1929)

Breeders' Stakes (1923, 1930, 1933)

Durham Cup Stakes (1925)

Clarendon Stakes (1928)

The stable's final success came in 1935 when the Thorncliffe-bred filly Sally Fuller won the King's Plate for Seagram Stables.

Breeders' Stakes
The Breeders' Stakes is a stakes race for Thoroughbred race horses foaled in Canada, first run in 1889. Since 1959, it has been the third race in the Canadian Triple Crown for three-year-olds. Held annually in October at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, the Breeders' Stakes follows the August running of the King's Plate and the September running of the Prince of Wales Stakes. At a distance of one-and-a-half miles, the Breeders' Stakes is the longest of the three Triple Crown races and is the only jewel raced on turf (the King's Plate is raced on Tapeta synthetic dirt and the Prince of Wales on a traditional dirt track).
Are We Alright Again
"Are We Alright Again" is a song by American rock band Eels. It was released as a single from their 2020 album Earth to Dora.

"Are We Alright Again" had a music video made available from 11 November 2020 featuring the actor Jon Hamm in a Greg Barnes directed long single take. The video also featured appearances from Eels frontman E's co-stars Mike Mitchell and Eric Edelstein from the television show Love.

Mike Mitchell (actor)
Michael Donovan Mitchell (born October 6, 1982) is an American actor, comedian, and writer best known as a member of The Birthday Boys sketch comedy group. He is also known for his roles as Randy Monahan on the Netflix series Love, and Cowan in the Amazon Prime Video film The Tomorrow War. He currently co-hosts the podcast Doughboys (with comedian and writer Nick Wiger), which reviews and discusses chain restaurants.
Grid.org
grid.org was a website and online community established in 2001 for cluster computing and grid computing software users.  For six years it operated several different volunteer computing projects that allowed members to donate their spare computer cycles to worthwhile causes.  In 2007, it became a community for open source cluster and grid computing software. After around 2010 it redirected to other sites.

BIOVIA
BIOVIA is a software company headquartered in the United States, with representation in Europe and Asia. It provides software for chemical, materials and bioscience research for the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, consumer packaged goods, aerospace, energy and chemical industries.

Previously named Accelrys, it is a wholly owned subsidiary of Dassault Systèmes after an April 2014 acquisition and has been renamed BIOVIA.
The Bay Church of England School
The Bay Church of England School is a co-educational all-through school located in Sandown on the Isle of Wight, England.

It was formed in September 2010 from the merger of Sandown Church of England Primary School and St John's Church of England Primary School in Sandown. and then opened a secondary school provision a year later. Today it is a Church of England voluntary controlled school for pupils aged 4 to 16, and is administered by the Isle of Wight Council and the Anglican Diocese of Portsmouth.

The Bay Church of England School offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils. In 2019 the primary department of the school was awarded the Primary Science Quality Mark for its Science teaching.

Isle of Wight Council
Isle of Wight Council, known between 1890 and 1995 as Isle of Wight County Council, is the local authority for the Isle of Wight in England. Since 1995 it has been a unitary authority, being a county council which also performs the functions of a district council. It is based at County Hall in Newport. The council has been under no overall control since 2021, being led by a coalition of independent, Green, and Our Island councillors called the Alliance Group.  With the introduction of a committee system, replacing the former cabinet model from May 2025, the council remains under Alliance leadership but with committee chairs elected from various parties.
Església de Sant Romà dels Vilars
Església de Sant Romà dels Vilars  is a church located in Els Vilars, Escaldes-Engordany, Andorra. Constructed in the 10th century using pre-Romanesque architecture, the church is noted for its austere design and is one of the oldest churches in Andorra. Cèsar Martinell i Brunet conducted a restoration of the church in the 1950s.

Bondia (newspaper)
Bondia (Catalan pronunciation: [ˌbɔnˈdi.ə]) is a newspaper published in Catalan. It is published in two editions:

Principality of Andorra

Lleida, Catalonia, Spain

The publisher is Group Bondia. It launched the newspaper in a free Andorran edition in Catalan in 2004. In 2006 it started publishing another edition in Lleida with a run of 15,000.
Dayib Gurey
Mohamed Ahmed 'Dayib Gurey" (Somali: Maxamed Aaaden 'Dayib Gurey') was a senior SNM senior commander who led the invasion of Hargeisa in the Somaliland War of Independence. Gurey also served as trade minister under Somaliland's first elected government under President Egal in 1993.

Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal (Somali: Maxamed Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal; 15 August 1928 – 3 May 2002) was a Somaliland politician who served as the 2nd President of Somaliland from 1993 until his death in 2002, guiding the state through a period of stabilization and institution-building. Before the formation of the Somali Republic, Egal served briefly as the Prime Minister of State of Somaliland. He also served twice as the Prime Minister of the Somali Republic briefly in 1960 and again from 1967 to 1969.
June Lindsey
June Monica Lindsey (née Broomhead, June 7, 1922 – November 4, 2021) was a British-Canadian physical chemist. Whilst working on X-ray crystallography at the University of Cambridge, Lindsey was influential in the elucidation of the structure of DNA. She solved the structures of the purines, adenine and guanine. Her depiction of intramolecular hydrogen bonds in adenine crystals was central to Watson and Crick's elucidation of the double helical structure of DNA.

Purine
Purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of two rings (pyrimidine and imidazole) fused together. It is water-soluble. Purine also gives its name to the wider class of molecules, purines, which include substituted purines and their tautomers. They are the most widely occurring nitrogen-containing heterocycles in nature.
Over My Head (album)
Over My Head is the eighth studio album by Gerry Rafferty, released in 1994. It is the follow-up to his album On a Wing and a Prayer and features many of the same musicians.  The album includes songwriting contributions from Joe Egan and a John Lennon cover. The album also includes Rafferty's version of "Lonesome Polecat" a mournful ballad from Seven Brides for Seven Brothers. The final track on the album is a reworking of a song written for The Humblebums.

This was the last album Hugh Murphy produced before his death in 1998.

The Humblebums
The Humblebums were a Scottish folk rock band, based in Glasgow. Its members included Billy Connolly, who later became a stand-up comedian and actor; guitarist Tam Harvey; and singer-songwriter Gerry Rafferty. The band was active from 1965 to 1971.
Rolf Berger
Rolf Berger (Leipzig, 29 December 1936 – Strausberg, 29 July 2009) was a German military officer and a Generalleutnant of the East German National People's Army (NVA). He served as the last Chief of the Air Forces / Air Defense Command of the NVA prior to the German reunification, from 1 December 1989 to 2 October 1990.

Strausberg
Strausberg (German: [ˈʃtʁaʊsˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a town in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany, located 30 km (19 mi) east of Berlin. With a population of about 27,000 it is the largest town in the district of Märkisch-Oderland.
Russell Lord
Russell Lord (born 1977) is an American writer and curator working in the field of photography and the history of art. He is currently the Chief of Curatorial Affairs at the Norman Rockwell Museum. He previously served as the Director of Exhibitions and Curatorial Initiatives at the American Federation of Arts (2023-2024) and the Freeman Family Curator of Photographs, Prints, and Drawings at the New Orleans Museum of Art, a position he held from October 2011 to April 2023.

American Federation of Arts
The American Federation of Arts (AFA) is a nonprofit organization that creates art exhibitions for presentation in museums around the world, publishes exhibition catalogues, and develops education programs. The organization's founding in 1909 was endorsed by Theodore Roosevelt and spearheaded by Secretary of State Elihu Root and eminent art patrons and artists of the day. The AFA's mission is to enrich the public's experience and understanding of the visual arts, and this is accomplished through its exhibitions, catalogues, and public programs. To date, the AFA has organized or circulated approximately 3,000 exhibitions that have been viewed by more than 10 million people in museums in every state, as well as in Canada, Latin America, Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Cohors I Aurelia Antonina Hemesenorum milliaria
Cohors [prima] Aurelia Antonina Hemesenorum milliaria [peditata] ("[1st infantry 1000 strong] Aurelian and Antonine cohort of Hemesii?") was a Roman auxiliary infantry regiment. The cohort was stationed in Dacia at castra Micia.

Micia
Micia was initially a large Roman fort for auxiliary troops outside which a large town developed. The archaeological site is located in the commune of Vețel,  Hunedoara County in Transylvania, Romania.

It was important as it monitored and secured the road to the centre of Transylvania and the river route along the frontier to Partiscum, today Szeged, Hungary as well as supervising the adjacent mining area. In addition, there was a strategically important river port.

In the civil settlement were large baths and a small amphitheatre. The large number of ancient inscriptions are significant.

Every year a Roman reenactment festival, Micia Rediviva, is held on the archaeological site.
Rubén Alfredo Torres Zavala
Rubén Alfredo Torres Zavala (born 14 September 1968) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). 
In the 2003 mid-terms, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Guanajuato's 14th district during the 59th session of Congress.

LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LIX Legislature (59th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 2003 to August 2006. All members of the lower house (Chamber of Deputies) were elected in the elections of July 2003 while members of the upper house (Senate) were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Listed buildings in Barley-with-Wheatley Booth
Barley-with-Wheatley Booth is a civil parish in Pendle, Lancashire, England. It contains eight listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All of the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The parish contains the village of Barley, and is otherwise rural.  All the listed buildings are houses, farmhouses or farm buildings.

Borough of Pendle
Pendle is a local government district with borough status in Lancashire, England. The council is based in Nelson, the borough's largest town. The borough also includes the towns of Barnoldswick, Brierfield, Colne and Earby along with the surrounding villages and rural areas. Part of the borough lies within the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are Burnley, Ribble Valley, North Yorkshire, Bradford and Calderdale.
Afton Alps
Afton Alps is a ski area owned by Vail Resorts which hosts a collection of ski and snowboard trails, located along the St. Croix River in the northeast corner of Denmark Township, Washington County, south of Afton, Minnesota in the United States.

There are nearly 300 acres (1.2 km2) skiable at Afton Alps. The ski hill has 350 feet (110 m) of vertical drop. The Alps utilizes an extensive snowmaking system for maintaining the slopes during the winter months.  There are a total of 36 trails with 15 chairlifts, three conveyor lifts (including one tubing lift), and a double-sided rope tow in the Landing Zone Terrain Park.  There are five chalets, including the Meadows Chalet, the Highlands Chalet, the Alpine Chalet, Landing Zone (also has a Yurt) and the Alps Chalet (Main Chalet).

Snowboarding
Snowboarding is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered surface while standing on a snowboard that is always attached to a rider's feet. It features in the Winter Olympic Games and Winter Paralympic Games.

Snowboarding was developed in the United States, inspired by skiing and skateboarding, which itself was inspired by surfing. Snowboarding became popular around the world in the late 20th century and was introduced as a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014. As of 2015, its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.
Zhao Chen
Zhao Chen (born 24 June 1989) is a Chinese international handballer, who plays for Croatian club RK Zamet.

As an international for the China men's national handball team he has competed at the 2010 Asian Games, and the 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018 editions the Asian Men's Handball Championship.

2010 Asian Men's Handball Championship
The 2010 Asian Men's Handball Championship was the 14th edition of the Asian Men's Handball Championship, held in Beirut, Lebanon, from 6 to 19 February 2010. It acted as the Asian qualifying tournament for the 2011 World Men's Handball Championship in Sweden.
Marlowe (2022 film)
Marlowe is a 2022 neo-noir crime thriller film directed by Neil Jordan, who co-wrote the screenplay with William Monahan. Based on the 2014 novel The Black-Eyed Blonde by John Banville, writing under the pen name Benjamin Black, the film stars Liam Neeson as private detective Philip Marlowe, a fictional character created by Raymond Chandler, and features Diane Kruger, Jessica Lange, Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, Alan Cumming, Francois Arnaud, Ian Hart, Danny Huston, Daniela Melchior and Colm Meaney.

It premiered at the 70th San Sebastián International Film Festival on 24 September 2022 and was theatrically released in the United States on 15 February 2023, by Open Road Films and Briarcliff Entertainment. The film made $6.2 million in theaters and received generally negative reviews from critics.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
World Policy Journal
World Policy Journal was the flagship publication of the World Policy Institute, published by Duke University Press. Focusing on international relations, the publication provided left-wing, non-United States-centric perspectives to world issues. It contained primarily policy essays but also book reviews, interviews, and historical essays. Most articles were commissioned. The last print issue of the journal was published in Winter 2017.

Eric Alterman
Eric Alterman (born January 14, 1960) is an American historian and journalist. He is a CUNY Distinguished Professor of English and Journalism at Brooklyn College and the author of twelve books.

From 1995 to 2020, Alterman was "The Liberal Media" columnist for The Nation. He is a contributing writer there, and at The American Prospect, where under a two-year grant he wrote the newsletter, Altercation, until January 27, 2023. In his farewell newsletter column Alterman stated that he opened a Substack page, also entitled Altercation, on January 21, 2023, and that although publication plans were only in development, he was accepting free subscriptions.
FireChat
FireChat was a proprietary mobile app, developed by Open Garden, which used wireless mesh networking to enable smartphones to pass messages to each other peer-to-peer via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or Apple's Multipeer, without an internet connection.

Though it was not designed with the purpose in mind, FireChat was used as a communication tool in some civil protests.

FireChat is now discontinued. The official URL displays a 404 error page, and apps have not been updated since 2018.

Proprietary software
Proprietary software is software that grants its creator, publisher, or other rightsholder or rightsholder partner a legal monopoly by modern copyright and intellectual property law to exclude the recipient from freely sharing the software or modifying it, and—in some cases, as is the case with some patent-encumbered and EULA-bound software—from making use of the software on their own, thereby restricting their freedoms.

Proprietary software is a subset of non-free software, a term defined in contrast to free and open-source software; non-commercial licenses such as CC BY-NC are not deemed proprietary, but are non-free. Proprietary software may either be closed-source software or source-available software.
Natallia Solohub
Natallia Solohub, sometimes spelt Sologub (see Ge or He) (Belarusian: Наталля Салагуб; born March 31, 1975), is a Belarusian sprinter.

Solohub has won silver medals in 4 x 400 metres relay at the 2004 and 2006 World Indoor Championships, and a bronze medal in 4 x 100 m relay at the 2005 World Championships.

At the 2001 World Championships she failed a drugs test for norandrosterone. She was banned from the sport between August 2001 and August 2003.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Perenco
Perenco is an independent French-British oil and gas company with a headquarters in Paris and London. It conducts exploration and production activities in 16 countries around the globe (the North Sea, Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Brazil, Belize, Tunisia, Egypt, Turkey, Vietnam, Trinidad and Tobago). Perenco is involved in operations both onshore and offshore with production equal to approximately 450,000-barrel (72,000 m3) of oil equivalent per day.

Perenco is owned by the French Perrodo family, whose fortune was estimated at around €8 billion in 2022.

Petroleum industry in the Republic of the Congo
Oil and Gas dominate the resource sector of the Republic of the Congo (French: République du Congo), also referred to as Congo-Brazzaville, with the petroleum industry accounting for 89% of the country's exports in 2010. As of June 22, 2018, is a full member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), and among African crude oil producers in 2022, The Congo ranked sixth. Nearly all of the country's hydrocarbons were produced off-shore.

According to the OPEC annual statistical bulletin of 2022, the Congo exported $5,785 billion worth of petroleum in 2021. This accounts for 79.3% of its net exports of $7,291 billion.