hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Military history of Ethiopia
The military history of Ethiopia dates back to the foundation of early Ethiopian Kingdoms in 980 BC. Ethiopia has been involved in many of the major conflicts in the horn of Africa, and was one of the few native African nations which remained independent during the Scramble for Africa, managing to create a modern army. 19th and 20th century Ethiopian Military history is characterized by conflicts with the Dervish State, Mahdist Sudan, Egypt, and Italy (which  annexed Ethiopia to Italian East Africa, for 5 years until its liberation during WWII), and later by a civil war.

Italian guerrilla war in Ethiopia
The Italian guerrilla war in Ethiopia was a conflict fought from the summer of 1941 to the autumn of 1943 by remnants of Italian troops in Ethiopia and Somalia, in a short-lived attempt to re-establish Italian East Africa. The guerrilla campaign was fought following the Italian defeat in the East African campaign of World War II, while the war was still raging in Northern Africa and Europe.
Sherlock Holmes and the Hapsburg Tiara
Sherlock Holmes and the Hapsburg Tiara is a novel and Sherlock Holmes pastiche by Alan Vanneman, published in 2003 by Carroll & Graf Publishers. The book has received reviews from the Historical Novel Society, Publishers Weekly, and Kirkus Reviews.

Carroll & Graf Publishers
Carroll & Graf Publishers was an American publishing company based in New York City, New York that published a wide range of fiction and non-fiction by both new and established authors, as well as reprinted previously hard-to-find works. It closed in 2007.
Ganesha pancharatnam
The Ganesha Pancharatnam is a stotra composed by Adi Shankara in the 8th century on the Hindu deity Ganesha. Ganesha is referred to by his epithet of Vinayaka in the strota, and the title itself can be translated as "The five jewels in praise of Ganesha". The five jewels are the first five verses, while the sixth verse implores the listener to themselves read or recite the strota and tells them the resulting benefits.

The strota is set in the Carnatic rhythm of adi in tisra nada, or eight beats in units of three.

Adi tala
Adi tala (Sanskrit: ādi tāḷa, Kannada: ಆದಿ ತಾಳ, lit. 'primary rhythm'; also spelled aadi taalam or adi talam) is the name of one of the most popular tala or rhythms used in Carnatic Music. Its full technical name according to the Carnatic Music's tala system is Chaturashra-naDe Chaturashra-jaati triputa taLa.
Al-Bayuk
31°16′47″N 34°18′18″E﻿ / ﻿31.27972°N 34.30500°E﻿ / 31.27972; 34.30500

Al-Bayuk (Arabic: البَيُوك, also spelled al-Buyuk) is a Palestinian village in the eastern Rafah Governorate located in the southern Gaza Strip. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), it had a population of 5,648 in 2006. The village has become the de facto capital of the Palestinian anti-Hamas armed group the Popular Forces backed by Israel.

Prior to the 2024 invasion of Rafah, the neighborhood housed more than 20,000 people.

Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS; Arabic: الجهاز المركزي للإحصاء الفلسطيني, romanized: al-Jihāz al-Markazī lil-Iḥṣāʼ al-Filasṭīnī) is the official statistical institution of Palestine. Its main task is to provide credible statistical figures at the national and international levels. It is a state institution that provides service to the governmental, non – governmental and private sectors in addition to research institutions and universities. It is established as an independent statistical bureau. The PCBS publishes the Statistical Yearbook of Palestine and the Jerusalem Statistical Yearbook annually.

The head office of the agency is in Ein Munjed Quarter, Ramallah.
Kemppainen
Kemppainen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antti-Jussi Kemppainen (born 1989), Finnish freestyle skier

Johan Kemp (né Kemppainen, 1881–1941), Finnish gymnast

Joonas Kemppainen (born 1988), Finnish ice hockey player

Marko Kemppainen (born 1976), Finnish sport shooter

Roosa Kemppainen, a character in the Finnish television series Salatut elämät

Tuulikki Pyykkönen (born 1963), Finnish cross-country skier

Tuulikki Pyykkönen
Tuulikki Pyykkönen (born 25 November 1963 in Puolanka, Kainuu) is a Finnish former cross-country skier who competed from 1987 to 1998. She won a bronze medal at the 4 × 5 km relay in the 1997 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships and had her best finish of sixth in the 15 km event at the 1989 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships.

Pyykkönen's best individual finish at the Winter Olympics was 12th in the 5 km at Calgary in 1988. Her only individual victory was in a 5 km event in Finland in 1995.
Ernest Vaux
Lieutenant-Colonel Ernest Vaux, CMG DSO VD DL (5 March 1865 – 21 November 1925) was a business man from County Durham and a distinguished officer in the Volunteer Force and Territorial Force during the Second Boer War and World War I.

Volunteer Force
The Volunteer Force was a citizen army of part-time rifle, artillery and engineer corps, created as a popular movement throughout the British Empire in 1859. Originally highly autonomous, the units of volunteers became increasingly integrated with the British Army after the Childers Reforms in 1881, before forming part of the Territorial Force in 1908. Most of the regiments of the present Army Reserves  Infantry, Artillery, Engineers and Signals units are directly descended from Volunteer Force units.
Dirigo High School
Dirigo High School is a high school located in Dixfield, Maine, in the United States as part of Maine Regional School Unit 56. Dirigo High School serves the towns of Dixfield, Canton, Carthage and Peru. It is classified as a secondary class C school. The school is in the Mountain Valley Athletic Conference or MVC.

Dirigo High School was built in 1948, as Dixfield High School. The second floor was added in 1951, the gym was added in 1967 and the science wing was added in 1974. The building was renovated and expanded in 1998.

Seal of Maine
The Great Seal of the State of Maine was adopted in June 1820. The concept of the design is attributed to Benjamin Vaughan of Hallowell, Maine, while the original sketch is credited to Bertha Smouse, the step-daughter of Col. Isaac Reed of Waldoboro, Maine, who purportedly wrote its official description and explanation. There have been variations in the details of the seal, but the overall design and images remain true to the original. The center of the seal is a shield adorned with a tranquil scene of a moose resting in a field bordered by water and woods; a pine tree stands tall directly behind the moose. On either side of the shield, a farmer rests on his scythe, and a sailor leans on an anchor. Above the shield is the motto "Dirigo" (I direct) and a stylized North Star. Below the shield is a banner that reads "Maine". The legislature of 1919 decided that the design of the seal should no longer vary, and the design is still used today.
Synsphyronus ellenae
Synsphyronus ellenae is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Garypidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2010 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey. The specific epithet ellenae honours the author’s daughter Ellen Harvey, who assisted in the collection of the type specimens.

Pseudoscorpion
Pseudoscorpions, also known as false scorpions or book scorpions, are small, scorpion-like arachnids belonging to the order Pseudoscorpiones, also known as Pseudoscorpionida or Chelonethida.

Pseudoscorpions are generally beneficial to humans because they prey on clothes moth larvae, carpet beetle larvae, booklice, ants, mites, and small flies. They are common in many environments, but they are rarely noticed due to their small size. When people see pseudoscorpions, especially indoors, they often mistake them for ticks or small spiders. Pseudoscorpions often carry out phoresis, a form of commensalism in which one organism uses another for the purpose of transport.
Glen Milton Storr
Dr. Glen Milton Storr (27 December 1921 – 26 June 1990) was an Australian ornithologist and herpetologist.  He joined the Western Australian Museum in 1962 and became curator of ornithology and herpetology in 1965.  He was a member of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU), and served as secretary of the Western Australian Branch of the RAOU in 1954.

Storr produced his postgraduate research on kangaroos. His tenure as curator at the WA museum ended in 1986.

Western Australian Museum
The Western Australian Museum is a statutory authority within the Culture and the Arts Portfolio, established under the Museum Act 1969.

The museum has six main sites. The state museum, WA Museum Boola Bardip, is located in the Perth Cultural Centre. The other sites are: the WA Maritime Museum and WA Shipwrecks Museum in Fremantle, the Museum of the Great Southern in Albany, the Museum of Geraldton in Geraldton, and the Museum of the Goldfields in Kalgoorlie-Boulder.
Soltando al Perro
Soltando al Perro (English: Letting the Dog Go) is the first live album released by Jesse & Joy. Launched by Warner Music Mexico on March 25, 2014, it includes a DVD documenting the ¿Con Quién Se Queda El Perro? Tour, as well as the music video for the song "Me Quiero Enamorar". "Mi Tesoro" served as the opening theme for the novela Qué pobres tan ricos starring Jaime Camil and Zuria Vega.

Jaime Camil
Jaime Federico Said Camil de Saldanha da Gama (born 22 July 1973) is a Mexican actor, singer, and television personality. He is best known for his roles as Fernando Mendiola in La fea más bella and Rogelio de la Vega in Jane the Virgin, the latter of which earned him two nominations for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series.
2005 Asian Men's Club Volleyball Championship
The 2005 Asian Men’s Club Volleyball Championship was the 6th staging of the AVC Club Championships. The tournament was held in Liaqut Gymnasium, Islamabad, Pakistan. Rahat CSKA of Kazakhstan won the tournament in round robin format.

Asian Volleyball Confederation
The Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) is one of five continental governing bodies in volleyball. It governs indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, and other disciplines in Asia and Oceania, excluding the transcontinental countries of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey, as well as the West Asian countries of Armenia, Cyprus, and Israel. The AVC consists of 65 national association members.

The AVC consists of the national volleyball federations of Asia and Oceania, and club competitions including the Asian Volleyball Championships, Nations Cup, and Champions League, and also controls the prize money, regulations, as well as media rights to those competitions.

Masaichi Nishikawa acted as the first president. The current president is Ramon Suzara, a Philippine National Volleyball Federation president, who was elected as AVC's ninth president at the 25th AVC General Assembly in Bangkok in August 2024.
2025 MNL League Cup
The 2025 Myanmar National League Cup (also known as the 2025 MNL League Cup) is the 11th edition of Myanmar's premier knockout football competition, previously known as the General Aung San Shield. The tournament features clubs from both the Myanmar National League (MNL-1) and the MNL-2, with group stages before progressing to the knockout rounds. This edition is scheduled from April 29 to July 6, 2025. The winner qualifies to the preliminary round of the 2025–26 AFC Challenge League.

General Aung San Shield
The General Aung San Shield (formerly the MFF Cup) is the top football knockout tournament in Myanmar.

On 26 March 2014, the MFF league committee decided the knock-out cup (General Aung San Shield) winner would compete in the Mekong Club Championship as well as earning the ticket for the AFC Cup. The tournament is currently sponsored by the Ministry of Defence.
Black Moses (album)
Black Moses is the fifth studio album by American soul musician Isaac Hayes. It is a double album released on Stax Records' Enterprise label in 1971. The follow-up to Hayes' successful soundtrack for Shaft (also a double album), Black Moses features Hayes' version of the Jackson 5's hit single "Never Can Say Goodbye". Hayes' version became a hit in its own right, peaking at number 22 on the Billboard Hot 100. The album reached number one on the Billboard R&B album chart on January 15, 1972.

Ike's Rap II became a popular track to sample, most notably by Portishead in their song Glory Box. Other artists include Tricky, Alessia Cara, Snoh Aalegra, and Racionais MC's.

Racionais MC's
Racionais MC's are a Brazilian hip hop group based in São Paulo. The original lineup formed in 1988 consisted of Mano Brown, Ice Blue, Edi Rock, and DJ KL Jay. Each member hails from the ring of favelas around São Paulo.  Their lyrics combine themes of social justice with gangster imagery, a far cry from the idyllic breeziness typically associated with Brazilian rap music, Racionais MC's is often considered the most important Brazilian rap group. Their name recognizes Tim Maia's monumental double album Racional vols. 1 and 2.
Saudi Canadians
Saudi Canadians (Arabic: سُعُودِيُّونْ كَنَدِيُّونْ‎, romanized: suʿudiyyūn kanadiyyūn) are Canadians of Saudi descent or Saudis who have Canadian citizenship. According to the 2011 Census there were 7,955  Canadians who claimed Saudi ancestry.

Saudis
Saudis (Arabic: سعوديُّون, romanized: suʿūdiyyūn; local dialects: سعوديين, suʿūdiyyīn) or Saudi Arabians are the citizen population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who speak the Arabic language, a Central Semitic language, and share a common ancestry, history, and culture. They are mainly composed of Arabs and live in the five historical Regions: Najd, Hejaz, Asir, Tihamah and Al-Ahsa; the regions which the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded on or what was formerly known as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd in the Arabian Peninsula. Saudis speak one of the dialects of Peninsular Arabic, including the Hejazi, Najdi, Gulf and Southern dialects (e.g. Bareqi), or South Arabian languages (e.g. Faifi) as a mother tongue.
Torneo Gran Alternativa (2014)
The Torneo Gran Alternativa (2014) was a professional wrestling tournament event produced by Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) that took place from January 31 until February 14, 2014, over the course of two CMLL Super Viernes shows, with the finals on the Arena Mexico 57th Anniversary Show. The Torneo Gran Alternativa (Spanish for "the Great Alternative tournament) concept sees a Novato or rookie team up with an experienced wrestler for a tag team tournament. The rookie winner has often been elevated up the ranks of CMLL as a result of winning the tournament, but there is no specific "prize" for winning the tournament beyond a symbolic trophy. The tournament was won by rookie Cavernario and veteran Mr. Niebla, the success of the tournament led to Cavernario being added to Mr. Niebla's group La Peste Negra

La Peste Negra
La Peste Negra (Spanish for "The Black Plague") was a Mexican lucha libre rudo (villainous) stable in the Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) promotion. The core of the group is the Casas wrestling family, which includes members Negro Casas and El Felino and former members Heavy Metal and Princesa Blanca. The group is rounded out by Mr. Niebla and rookies Bárbaro Cavernario and Herodes, Jr. The group was founded in July 2008 when Mr. Niebla returned to CMLL after working for Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA). The group has consistently been used at the main event and semi-main event level in CMLL. Their motto is "be heinous and stinky"
1455 conclave
The 1455 papal conclave (4–8 April) elected Cardinal Alfons de Borja as Pope Callixtus III following the death of Pope Nicholas V. The conclave was the first in the Apostolic Palace, the site of all but five papal conclaves thereafter. The conclave was also the first to feature accessus voting (votes cast in accessit), derived from a practice of the Roman Senate, where a cardinal could change their vote after an unsuccessful scrutiny to any cardinal already receiving votes.

The early defeat of Greek Cardinal Basilios Bessarion—a potential compromise candidate between the Colonna and Orsini factions—is a notable display of the lingering antipathy towards certain characteristics of the Eastern church, such as bearded priests, centuries after the East-West Schism. Although Western canon law had prohibited beards for priests since at least the eleventh century, the issue would continue to be debated well into the sixteenth century.

Apostolic Palace
The Apostolic Palace is the official residence of the Pope, the head of the Catholic Church, located in Vatican City. It is also known as the Papal Palace, the Palace of the Vatican and the Vatican Palace. The Vatican itself refers to the building as the Palace of Sixtus V, in honor of Pope Sixtus V, who built most of the present form of the palace.

The building contains the papal apartments, various offices of the Catholic Church and the Holy See, private and public chapels, the Vatican Museums, and the Vatican Library, including the Sistine Chapel, Raphael Rooms, and the Borgia Apartments. Tourists can see this part of the palace, but other parts, such as the Sala Regia (Regal Room) and Cappella Paolina, had long been closed to tourists, though the Sala Regia allowed occasional tourism by 2019. The Scala Regia (Regal Staircase) can be viewed from one end and used to enter the Sala Regia. The Cappella Paolina remains closed to tourists.
Academic journal publishing reform
Academic journal publishing reform is the advocacy for changes in the way academic journals are created and distributed in the age of the Internet and the advent of electronic publishing. Since the rise of the Internet, people have organized campaigns to change the relationships among and between academic authors, their traditional distributors and their readership. Most of the discussion has centered on taking advantage of benefits offered by the Internet's capacity for widespread distribution of reading material.

Timothy Gowers
Sir William Timothy Gowers, FRS (/ˈɡaʊ.ərz/; born 20 November 1963) is a British mathematician. He is the holder of the Combinatorics chair at the Collège de France, a Research Professor at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1998, he received the Fields Medal for research connecting the fields of functional analysis and combinatorics.
Aneta Kręglicka
Aneta Beata Kręglicka (born 23 March 1965) is a Polish dancer and beauty queen who won the Miss World 1989 contest on 22 November 1989 in Hong Kong, representing Poland. She became the first woman from Poland to win the title and the oldest titleholder when she was crowned on 22 November 1989, at the age of 24 years, 244 days. The next Pole to win said pageant was Karolina Bielawska in 2021.

Miss World 2021
Miss World 2021 was the 70th edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Coca-Cola Music Hall in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on 16 March 2022. The coronation was originally scheduled to be held on 16 December 2021 at the José Miguel Agrelot Coliseum. However, the pageant was rescheduled to 16 March 2022 due to the COVID-19 outbreak in Puerto Rico.

At the end of the event, Karolina Bielawska of Poland was crowned as Miss World 2021 by Toni-Ann Singh of Jamaica. It is the second victory of Poland in the history of the pageant.

Contestants from ninety-seven countries and territories competed in the pageant, featuring the smallest number of candidates at the pageant since 2003. The pageant was hosted by Peter Andre and Fernando Allende. Don Omar, Gente de Zona, Víctor Manuelle, Pedro Capó, and the Puerto Rico Philharmonic Orchestra (Filarmónica de Puerto Rico) conducted by Angel Velez with guest conductor Mike Dixon performed.
Princess Iron Fan (1941 film)
Princess Iron Fan (traditional Chinese: 鐵扇公主; simplified Chinese: 铁扇公主; pinyin: Tiě shàn gōngzhǔ), is the first full-length Chinese animated feature film. It is also considered the first Asian animated feature film. The film is based on an episode of the 16th-century novel Journey to the West. It was directed in Shanghai under difficult conditions in the thick of World War II by Wan Guchan and Wan Laiming (the Wan brothers) and was released on 19 November 1941.

The film later became influential in the development of East Asian animation, including Japanese anime, Vietnamese animation, Korean animation and Chinese animation.

Vietnamese animation
Vietnamese animation, known in Vietnamese as Hoạt hình Việt Nam (lit. Vietnamese Cartoon), or Hoạt họa Việt Nam (lit. Vietnamese Animation), is a term to describe animation films (hand-drawn and computer-generated) which originates from Vietnam.
Selk (crater)
Selk is a crater on Titan, a moon of Saturn, located at 7°N 199°W. It is a geologically young impact crater that measures approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) in diameter. It was discovered in 2004 by the Cassini–Huygens mission during its first Titan flyby.

There is evidence that ice melted into liquid water when the crater formed, and mixed with organic compounds. This interaction may have formed molecules such as amino acids and other biomolecules. This possibility led mission planners to select the dunes to the Southeast of Selk as the initial landing site of the Dragonfly mission.

The crater is named after Serket, a goddess in Egyptian mythology, and was formally approved by the IAU in 2008.

Serket
Serket /ˈsɜːrˌkɛt/ (Ancient Egyptian: srqt) is the goddess of protection against the venomous stings and bites of scorpions in Egyptian mythology. She was primarily worshiped in Lower Egypt during the Predynastic Period (c. 6000 – c. 3150 BCE). Serket is often depicted as a woman whose head is surmounted by a scorpion with its tail is ready to sting, an ankh in one hand, and a was-sceptre in her other. Her name, also rendered as Serqet, Selkis, or Selket, is a shortened version of 'Serket hetyt' which means "she who causes the throat to breathe."
Orta Ləki
Orta Ləki (also, Läki and Orta-Lyaki) is a village and municipality in the Agdash Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 5,863. The municipality consists of the villages of Orta Ləki and Yuxarı Ləki.

Agdash District
Agdash District (Azerbaijani: Ağdaş rayonu) is one of the 67 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the centre of the country, in the Central Aran Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Yevlakh, Shaki, Oghuz, Qabala, Goychay, Ujar, Zardab, and Barda. Its capital and largest city is Agdash. As of 2020, the district had a population of 111,100.
Arcades Project
Das Passagen-Werk or Arcades Project was an unfinished project of German philosopher and cultural critic Walter Benjamin, written between 1927 and his death in 1940. An enormous collection of writings on the city life of Paris in the 19th century, it was especially concerned with Paris's iron-and-glass covered "arcades" (known in French as the passages couverts de Paris).

Benjamin's Project, which many scholars believe might have become one of the great texts of 20th-century cultural criticism, was never completed due to his suicide on the French-Spanish border in 1940. The Arcades Project has been posthumously edited and published in many languages as a collection of unfinished reflections. The work is mainly written in German, yet also contains French-language passages, mainly quotes.

Susan Buck-Morss
Susan Buck-Morss (1942) is an American philosopher, visual theorist, and intellectual historian.

She is currently Professor of Political Science at the CUNY Graduate Center, and professor emeritus in the Government Department at Cornell University, where she taught from 1978 to 2012. Her interdisciplinary work involves but is not limited to the fields of Art History, Architecture, Comparative Literature, Cultural Studies, German studies, History, Philosophy, and Visual Studies. She has won a Getty Scholar Grant, a Fulbright Award, and a Guggenheim Fellowship for her work. Awards from the MacArthur Foundation, Rockefeller Foundation, and the Fulbright Program funded the research towards her book Dreamworld and Catastrophe: The Passing of Mass Utopia in East and West (MIT Press, 2000).