hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Herman Ehrlich
Herman Ehrlich (1836 – 1895) was a Croatian architect and businessman.

Ehrlich was born in Našice, Croatia on 9 August 1836 to a Jewish family. He was married to Marija (née Eisner) Ehrlich with whom he had five children; Adolf, Ernest, Đuro, Hugo and Mira. From 1863 to 1874 Ehrlich conducted his business in Našice. In 1874 he moved with his family to Zagreb, Croatia. Ehrlich built roads across Slavonia and Croatia. He also built many military facilities, public and private buildings. Due to high quality construction his company was one of the best known in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia and Kingdom of Dalmatia. Ehrlich's company also worked on the regulation of the river Vuka and built the sewage network in Osijek. Ehrlich died on 23 October 1895 in Zagreb and was buried at the Mirogoj Cemetery.

Mirogoj Cemetery
The Mirogoj City Cemetery (pronounced [mîrɔɡɔːj], Croatian: Gradsko groblje Mirogoj), also known as Mirogoj Cemetery (Croatian: Groblje Mirogoj), is a cemetery park that is considered to be among the more noteworthy landmarks in the city of Zagreb. The cemetery inters members of all religious groups: Catholic, Orthodox, Muslim, Jewish, Protestant, Latter Day Saints; irreligious graves can all be found. In the arcades are the last resting places of many famous Croats. Mirogoj has 60,000 graves and it’s a resting place of 322,000 people.
Kvalsund (Herøy)
Kvalsund is a village in Herøy Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located on the island of Nerlandsøya. Kvalsund is a fishing port with a sizable deep-water harbor, marina, and waterfront protected by breakwaters.  Kvalsund is connected to the island of Bergsøya by the Nerlandsøy Bridge.

Nerlandsøy Bridge
The Nerlandsøy Bridge (Norwegian: Nerlandsøybrua) is a bridge that crosses the Søre Vaulen strait between the islands of Bergsøya and Nerlandsøya in Herøy Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway.

The 405-metre (1,329 ft) long Nerlandsøy Bridge opened on 25 September 1968. It is just west of the town of Fosnavåg and it is part of the bridge network that connects all of the main islands of Herøy Municipality.
Hrefna Huld Jóhannesdóttir
Hrefna Huld Jóhannesdóttir (born 25 October 1980) is an Icelandic former footballer who played as a striker. She spent most of her career with KR and scored 179 goals in 220 Úrvalsdeild kvenna matches. In 2003, she won the Úrvalsdeild kvenna golden boot after scoring 21 goals in 14 matches. She played college football for Auburn Montgomery, and was named to the 2004 NAIA Women's Soccer All-American second team. From 2000 to 2005, she made ten appearances for the Iceland women's national football team. Hrefna retired from football in 2012 due to mental health issues.

Auburn University at Montgomery
Auburn University at Montgomery (AUM) is a public university in Montgomery, Alabama, United States. Governed by the Auburn University Board of Trustees as a member of the Auburn University system, it was established by an act of the Alabama Legislature in 1967. AUM offers more than 90 programs of study leading to bachelor's, master's, specialist, and doctoral degrees. As of 2018, the university enrolled more than 5,200 students.
Fernando Tirado Soto
Fernando del Carmen Tirado Soto (born 22 November 1953, Los Vilos, Chile) is a Chilean agricultural and fisheries technician and politician.

He served as a member of the Constitutional Convention of Chile, representing the Chango people. He was elected through the reserved seats for Indigenous peoples. He also served as a municipal councillor for the commune of Los Vilos from 2012 to 2016.

Chango people
The Changos, also known as Camanchacos or Camanchangos,  are an Indigenous people or group of peoples who inhabited a long stretch of the Pacific coast from southern Peru to north-central Chile, including the coast of the Atacama Desert.
Although much of the customs and culture of the Chango people have disappeared and in many cases they have been considered extinct, in Chile they are legally recognized as an original indigenous people since 2020, and about 4,725 people self-declare that they belong to this ethnic group.
N-Octyl β-D-thioglucopyranoside
n-Octyl β-d-thioglucopyranoside (octylthioglucoside, OTG) is a mild nonionic detergent that is used for cell lysis or to solubilise membrane proteins without denaturing them. This is particularly of use in order to crystallise them or to reconstitute them into lipid bilayers. It has a critical micelle concentration of 9 mM.

It is an analog of the commonly used detergent octyl glucoside, the presence of the thioether linkage making it resistant to degradation by beta-glucosidase enzymes.

Organic sulfide
In organic chemistry, a sulfide (British English sulphide) or thioether is an organosulfur functional group with the connectivity R−S−R' as shown on right. Like many other sulfur-containing compounds, volatile sulfides have foul odors. A sulfide is similar to an ether except that it contains a sulfur atom in place of the oxygen. The grouping of oxygen and sulfur in the periodic table suggests that the chemical properties of ethers and sulfides are somewhat similar, though the extent to which this is true in practice varies depending on the application.
Buffalo Run (Spring Creek tributary)
Buffalo Run is a creek in Centre County, Pennsylvania in the United States.

It flows from Skytop to Bellefonte through the communities of Waddle, Fillmore, Continental Courts, Hunters Park, Chemical, and Coleville.

The Bellefonte Central Railroad's main line followed Buffalo Run.

Benner Township, Pennsylvania
Benner Township is a township in Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the State College, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located approximately at  along Buffalo Run Road (Pennsylvania Route 550), near Bellefonte.

The population was 8,964 at the 2020 census, which is an 44.9% increase over the 6.188 recorded in 2010.
Argoubia
Argoubia is an extinct genus of devil ray from the Paleogene period. It is named for the town of El Argoub, Morocco. The type species, A. barbei, is from the Priabonian-aged Samlat formation of Morocco. The specific epithet honors Mr. Gérard Barb who helped collect the first specimens of this species. A. arnoldmülleri is a second species from the middle Oligocene Böhlen Formation of the Zwenkau lignite mines of Germany. It is named for Dr. Arnold Müller, curator of Palaeontological and Geological collections at Leipzig University.

Lignite
Lignite (from Latin  lignum 'wood'), often called brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35% and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat content. When removed from the ground, it contains a very high amount of moisture, which partially explains its low carbon content. Lignite is mined all around the world and is used almost exclusively as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.

Lignite combustion produces less heat for the amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur released than other ranks of coal. As a result, lignite is the most harmful coal to human health. Depending on the source, various toxic heavy metals, including naturally occurring radioactive materials, may be present in lignite and left over in the coal fly ash produced from its combustion, further increasing health risks.
Edward Burby
Edward Burby was  an English priest in the  17th century.

Burby was  born in London and educated at Lincoln College, Oxford. He held livings at Canewdon, East Woodhay and Wonston. Roberts was Archdeacon of Winchester from 1631 until his death on 2 June 1653.

East Woodhay
East Woodhay is a village and civil parish in Hampshire, England. The village is approximately 5.5 miles (9 km) south-west of Newbury in Berkshire. At the 2011 census the parish had a population of 2,914.

The parish contains a number of villages and hamlets, including Ball Hill, Heath End, Hatt Common, Woolton Hill and East End. The last two have schools: Woolton Hill Junior School, St Thomas's Church of England Infant School, and St. Martin's Church of England Primary School. The parish has a small, triangular village green which has a war memorial and was once the site of the village stocks. 
Woolton Hill has a village shop and post office, and "The Chase", a wooded area administered by the National Trust.

The summit of Pilot Hill, the highest point in the county of Hampshire, lies within the parish.
Surehban, West Azerbaijan
Surehban (Persian: سوره بان, also Romanized as Sūrehbān) is a village in Melkari Rural District, Vazineh District, Sardasht County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 60, in 12 families.

Melkari-ye Gharbi Rural District
Melkari-ye Gharbi Rural District (Persian: دهستان ملکاری غربی) is in Zab District of Mirabad County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Aghlan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Nalas, now a city.
Friedrich Dannemann
(Johann) Friedrich Dannemann (1858–1936) was a German physicist, high school teacher and historian of science.

In the judgment of George Sarton, Dannemann's four-volume Natural sciences in their development and context (1910-13) was "the first satisfactory textbook dealing with the history of science as a whole". In 1927, aged sixty-eight, Dannemann became an unsalaried professor in the history of science at the University of Bonn. Dannemann also helped Abraham Wolf with his A History of Science, Technology, and Philosophy in the 16th and 17th Centuries.

George Sarton
George Alfred Leon Sarton (/ˈsɑːrtən/; 31 August 1884 – 22 March 1956) was a Belgian-American chemist and historian. He is considered the founder of the discipline of the history of science as an independent field of study. His most influential works were the Introduction to the History of Science, which consists of three volumes and 4,296 pages, and the journal Isis. Sarton ultimately aimed to achieve an integrated philosophy of science that provided a connection between the sciences and the humanities, which he referred to as "the new humanism".

He coined the term Medical Humanities in an obituary in 1948.
Birmingham Bowl
The Birmingham Bowl is a post-season NCAA-sanctioned Division I FBS college football bowl game played annually in Birmingham, Alabama. First held in 2006, the game is owned and operated by ESPN Events. From its inception through 2020, the game was played at Legion Field; since the December 2021 game, it has been held at Protective Stadium. The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) also provides marketing, management and game-day operations support.

The game was previously known as the PapaJohns.com Bowl (2006–2010) and the BBVA Compass Bowl (2011–2014). A multi-year sponsorship agreement with JLab Audio was announced in September 2025, making the game's full name the JLab Birmingham Bowl.

Rutgers Scarlet Knights football
The Rutgers Scarlet Knights football program represents Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Rutgers competes as a member of the Big Ten Conference. Prior to joining the Big Ten, the Scarlet Knights were a member of the American Athletic Conference (formerly the Big East Conference) from 1991 to 2013. Rutgers plays its home games at SHI Stadium, in Piscataway, New Jersey. The team is currently led by head coach Greg Schiano. The Scarlet Knights football team is also notable for playing in the first college football game in 1869, in which the Scarlet Knights won by the score 6–4.
Dadullah (Pakistani Taliban)
Jamal Said (c. 1965 - 24 August 2012) better known by the nom de guerre Mullah Dadullah and also Maulana Mohammad Jamal, was a senior member of the Pakistani Taliban. He was self-proclaimed Taliban leader in Pakistan's northern Bajaur Agency. He was killed in a NATO airstrike in the Shigal wa Sheltan District of Afghanistan's neighbouring Kunar Province on 24 August 2012. His deputy and ten Taliban fighters were also killed in the strike.

Born in Khar, Bajaur, he received his religious education in Panjpir and was a former prayer leader before he became a Taliban commander. It was reported by AP that Dadullah became leader of the group after Bajur's former Pakistani Taliban leader, Maulvi Faqir Mohammed, fled to Afghanistan to avoid Pakistani army operations. He was succeeded by Maulana Abu Bakr.

Shaigal District
Shegal District (Pashto: شیګل ولسوالي) was split from Chapa Dara District in Kunar Province, Afghanistan and the population is 13,351 (2019).

Waheedullah Sabawoon and late Kashmir Khan, two of the famous politicians of Afghanistan, belonging to this district. Wall nut, Malt, date plum and plum are the famous fruits while, rice, wheat, sugarcane, corns and cotton are the main crops cultivated in the district. The Kunar river is separating Shugal from Shultan while both areas are connected by Shultan bridge. Since last couple of years, the Shultan separated and has become a district.   
It has a long border with neighbor Pakistan. 
Villages in Shegal district include Dag-e-Ser, Shangurgul, Lachay, Monay, Helalzo, Naret, Chaqore, and more. In Shegal District 80% of males and 30% of females are educated. A major tribe of the district are the Shinwari.
Special Class Railway Apprentice
Special Class Railway Apprentice (SCRA) was a programme by which candidates are selected by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) India, to train in the undergraduate program in mechanical engineering at the Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jamalpur. This programme started in 1927 and is one of the oldest in India.

In 2015, Railways decided to close down this examination after UPSC communicated that it was not inclined to continue conducting the examination. However, the Ministry of Finance in 2021, in its report on the rationalisation of Indian Railways has recommended to start conducting the exam again stating that Indian Railways requires specialised training and skills beyond what is part of a regular graduation program.

Vishisht Seva Medal
The Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM, lit. 'Distinguished Service Medal') is a decoration of the Indian Armed Forces. It is awarded to recognize "distinguished service of a high order" to all ranks of the Indian Armed Forces.

From 1980, the Yudh Seva Medal was introduced to recognize exceptional services in an operational environment. Since then the VSM has been restricted to non-operational service.
Burton Watson
Burton Dewitt Watson (June 13, 1925 – April 1, 2017) was an American sinologist, translator, and writer known for his English translations of Chinese and Japanese literature.  Watson's translations received many awards, including the Gold Medal Award of the Translation Center at Columbia University in 1979, the PEN Translation Prize in 1982 for his translation with Hiroaki Sato of From the Country of Eight Islands: An Anthology of Japanese Poetry, and again in 1995 for his translation of Selected Poems of Su Tung-p'o. In 2015, at age 88, Watson was awarded the PEN/Ralph Manheim Medal for Translation for his long and prolific translation career.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Antoñito Ruiz
Antonio Ruiz Escaño (born 24 October 1951), known as El Niño Leone, is a Spanish former child actor and stuntman.

He is known for playing Fernando in For a Few Dollars More (1965), and Stevens's youngest son in The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966), both directed by Sergio Leone. He has worked with Yul Brynner, Anthony Quinn, Charles Bronson, and Robert Mitchum.

In 2015, he attended the Almeria Western Film Festival. From 2016 and for the 50 anniversary of For a Few Dollars More, he directed a Spaghetti Western conference in Los Albaricoques, Níjar and recreated some scenes. He also recreated the scenes of The Good, the Bad and the Ugly in Cortijo del Fraile. It was attended by a hundred people. He was honoured in Sad Hill Cemetery.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.
Weasel sportive lemur
The weasel sportive lemur (Lepilemur mustelinus), also known as the greater sportive lemur, weasel lemur, or greater weasel lemur, is a species of lemur endemic to Madagascar. Like all members of its genus, it is nocturnal and largely folivorous. Described by Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1851, it is the type species of genus Lepilemur. It is threatened by habitat loss, climate change and hunting.

Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (French pronunciation: [izidɔʁ ʒɔfʁwa sɛ̃t‿ilɛʁ]; 16 December 1805 – 10 November 1861) was a French zoologist and an authority on deviation from normal structure. In 1854 he coined the term éthologie (ethology).
Blackeyes
Blackeyes is a novel by British writer Dennis Potter, published in 1987 by Faber and Faber. It concerns the relationship between sexuality, exploitation, power and money. These are explored through the career of a desirable model known as "Blackeyes".

The novel was later adapted by Potter as a 1989 BBC television serial of the same name with actress Gina Bellman in the eponymous role.

Faber & Faber
Faber and Faber Limited, commonly known as Faber & Faber or simply Faber, is an independent publishing house in London. Published authors and poets include T. S. Eliot (an early Faber editor and director), W. H. Auden, C. S. Lewis, Margaret Storey, William Golding, Samuel Beckett, Philip Larkin, Sylvia Plath, Ted Hughes, Seamus Heaney, Paul Muldoon, Milan Kundera and Kazuo Ishiguro.

Founded in 1929, in 2006 the company was named the KPMG Publisher of the Year.

Faber and Faber Inc., formerly the American branch of the London company, was sold in 1998 to the Holtzbrinck company Farrar, Straus and Giroux (FSG). Faber and Faber ended the partnership with FSG in 2015 and began distributing its books directly in the United States.
2023 RFL 1895 Cup
The 2023 RFL 1895 Cup was the fourth playing of the RFL 1895 Cup, a rugby league football competition for clubs in the United Kingdom. As with 2022, the teams entering the competition were those teams in the RFL Championship and RFL League 1 which reached the sixth round of the Challenge Cup. The final was played at Wembley.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
Roger Antoine
Roger Antoine (28 June 1929 – 11 August 2003) was a French basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1956 Summer Olympics and the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was inducted into the French Basketball Hall of Fame in 2004. He was inducted into the French National Sports Hall of Fame in 2008.

Gloire du sport
The Gloire du sport, or France National Sports Hall of Fame (French: Glory of Sport), is a Hall of Fame award that is given to former athletes, sports leaders, sports coaches and sports journalists, who have greatly contributed to sports in the country of France. The award is given by the Fédération des internationaux du sport français (Federation of French International Sports). The award was first given in 1993.
Edna High School
Edna High School is a public high school located in the city of Edna, Texas, United States and classified as a 3A school by the University Interscholastic League (UIL). It is a part of the Edna Independent School District located in northwest Jackson County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency. The school's logo is plagiarized from the Bucking Horse and Rider, which is a registered trademark of the state of Wyoming.

Jackson County, Texas
Jackson County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census its population was 14,988. Its county seat is Edna. The county was created in 1835 as a municipality in Mexico and in 1836 was organized as a county (of the Republic of Texas). It is named for Andrew Jackson, President of the United States from 1829 to 1837.
Hickory Southwest Downtown Historic District
Hickory Southwest Downtown Historic District is a national historic district located at Hickory, Catawba County, North Carolina. The district encompasses 8 contributing buildings in the central business district of Hickory. Notable buildings include the Hickory Passenger Depot (1912), Classical Revival style U.S. Post Office (1914, 1961) designed by Office of the Supervising Architect under Oscar Wenderoth, Harper Motor Company (1928), Hickory Bonded Warehouse (c. 1885), Hickory Overall Office (c. 1922), Hickory Roller Covering Office (c. 1922), and the Armory (1911-1912).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Catawba County, North Carolina
Catawba County (/kəˈtɔːbə/ kuh-TAW-buh) is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 160,610. Its county seat is Newton, and its largest community is Hickory.

The county is part of the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Asopichus
Asopichus (Ancient Greek: Ἀσώπιχος; English translation: "related to the Asopus") was a male Greek name.

Asopichus of Orchomenus, son of Cleodamus and winner of the boy's foot race at the Ancient Olympic Games of 488 BCE.

Asopichus, or Asopius, father of the 5th-century BCE Athenian general Phormio.

Asopichus, Theban soldier who fought together with his lover the General Epaminondas at the Battle of Leuctra (371 BCE), where he greatly distinguished himself; he had the trophy of Leuctra represented in relief on his shield which was consecrated at Delphi, in the portico of the Temple of Apollo.

Orchomenus (Boeotia)
Orchomenus (Ancient Greek: Ὀρχομενός; Modern Greek: Ορχομενός, Orchomenos) is a town and a municipality in Boeotia, Greece. It is best known today for its rich archaeological site, that was inhabited from the Neolithic through the Hellenistic periods and is the setting for many early Greek myths. It is often referred to as "Minyan Orchomenus", to distinguish it from a later city of the same name in Arcadia. It is located at the base of Akontion near snow-capped Mount Parnassos.