hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ari PenSmith
Ariowa Irosogie, also known as Ari PenSmith, is an English songwriter, producer and singer best known for his writing collaborations with afrobeat producer P2J, as well as his work on Beyoncé's The Lion King: The Gift & Renaissance, and rapper GoldLink's Diaspora, among others.

Afrobeat
Afrobeat (also known as Afrofunk) is a West African music genre, fusing influences from Nigerian (such as Yoruba) and Ghanaian (such as highlife) music with American funk, jazz, and soul influences. With a focus on chanted vocals, complex intersecting rhythms, and percussion, the style was pioneered in the 1960s by Nigerian multi-instrumentalist and bandleader Fela Kuti, who popularised it both within and outside Nigeria. At the height of his popularity, he was referred to as one of Africa's most "challenging and charismatic music performers."

Distinct from Afrobeat is Afrobeats, a combination of sounds originating in West Africa in the 21st century. This takes on diverse influences and is an eclectic combination of genres such as hip hop, house, jùjú, ndombolo, R&B, soca, and dancehall. The two genres, though often conflated, are not the same.
Lexmark
Lexmark International, Inc. is an American company that manufactures laser printers and imaging products. Founded in 1991, it is headquartered in Lexington, Kentucky.

From 2016 to 2025, the firm was controlled for nine years by a consortium formed by three multinational companies: Ninestar (formerly Apex Technology), PAG Asia Capital, and Legend Capital. On July 1, 2025, it was acquired in full by Xerox for US$1.5 billion.

Legend Holdings
Legend Holdings Corporation (联想控股股份有限公司) is a Chinese investment holding company with interests in finance, real estate, and information technology, and the controlling shareholder of its better-known associate company, the Lenovo Group. Formed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lenovo was originally Legend Computer, until the English name was changed in 2004. Its Chinese name however remains the same, 联想 (Liánxiǎngⓘ).
Summit on Responsible Artificial Intelligence in the Military Domain
The Summit on Responsible Artificial Intelligence in the Military Domain, also known as REAIM 2023, was a diplomatic conference held in 2023 regarding military uses of artificial intelligence. It was held in the World Forum in The Hague on 15–16 February 2023.

Sixty countries participated, including the US and China but not Russia. The summit concluded with the production of a non binding "call to action" document, endorsed by representatives from 60 countries including Russia and China.  There were some external calls for starting negotiations on an internationally binding law or an enforcement-mechanisms-driven law.

The US proposed a Political Declaration on Responsible Military Use of Artificial Intelligence and Autonomy.

A second summit was held in Seoul, South Korea, between the 9th and 10th of September 2024.

Enforcement
Enforcement is the proper execution of the process of ensuring compliance with laws, regulations, rules, standards, and social norms.

Governments attempt to effectuate successful implementation of policies by enforcing laws and regulations.
Enactment refers to application of a law or regulation, or carrying out of an executive or judicial order.
Carl Williams (boxer)
Carl Williams (November 11, 1959 – April 7, 2013), nicknamed "the Truth", was an American boxer who competed as a professional from 1982 to 1997. He challenged twice for heavyweight world titles; the IBF title against Larry Holmes in 1985; and the undisputed title against Mike Tyson in 1989. At regional level he held the USBA heavyweight title from 1987 to 1991.

Undisputed championship (boxing)
In boxing, the undisputed champion of a weight class is the boxer who simultaneously holds world titles from all major organizations recognized by each other and the International Boxing Hall of Fame. There are currently four major sanctioning bodies: WBA, WBC, WBO, and IBF. There were many undisputed champions before the number of major sanctioning bodies recognizing each other increased to four in 2007, but there have been only 24 boxers (11 male and 13 female) to hold all four titles simultaneously.
Greeba Bridge
Greeba Bridge  is situated between the 6th milestone and 7th road milestones on the primary A1 Douglas  to Peel road and the junction with the Greeba Mill Road in the parish of Kirk German in the Isle of Man.

The A1 Greeba road bridge passes over the Greeba river, a tributary of the River Dhoo which flows eastward to the town of Douglas.   The Greeba river flows into the nearby Greeba Curragh or ‘Greeba Gap,’  a former pre-Ice Age river valley,  a low-lying watershed of the  Douglas to Peel central valley.

River Dhoo
The River Dhoo (Manx: Awin Doo) is a river on the Isle of Man. The river rises in Marown and flows east towards Douglas through the central valley of the island, passing Crosby and Union Mills before meeting with the River Glass on the outskirts of Douglas where it flows out to sea through Douglas Harbour. The Dhoo (meaning black or dark in Manx) and the Glass (meaning clear or green) converge to form the River Douglas. It has a length of approx. 6.5 mi (10.5 km).

More recent research suggests that the name is one of the oldest place-names in the island and comes from the early Celtic term 'duboglassio’ meaning 'black/dark stream'. This is a common name throughout the British Isles and is Dulas in Wales and Dawlish in England.
Miracles: The Holiday Album
Miracles: The Holiday Album is the first holiday album and seventh studio album by saxophonist Kenny G. It was released by Arista Records on November 22, 1994, and peaked at number 1 on the Billboard 200, Contemporary Jazz Albums and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts.  It was the overall best-selling Christmas/holiday album in the United States for both 1994 and 1996. It sold 2,987,000 copies in 1994 and 888,000 copies in 1996.

According to Billboard magazine, Miracles: The Holiday Album is the best-selling Christmas/holiday album of the Nielsen SoundScan era of music sales tracking (March 1991 – present). As of November 2014, the album has sold a total of 7,310,000 copies in the U.S. according to SoundScan.

Miracles: The Holiday Album was certified eight-times Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for shipment of eight million copies in the United States.

Away in a Manger
"Away in a Manger" is a Christmas carol first published in the late nineteenth century and used widely throughout the English-speaking world. In Britain, it is one of the most popular carols; a 1996 Gallup Poll ranked it joint second. Although it was long claimed to be the work of German religious reformer Martin Luther, the carol is now thought to be wholly American in origin. The two most common musical settings are by William J. Kirkpatrick (1895) and James Ramsey Murray (1887).
George C. Armstrong
George C. Armstrong (July 11, 1872–December 27, 1950) was an American businessman, newspaper editor, and politician.

Armstrong was born in Eldora, Iowa. He went to the Marshalltown High School in Marshalltown, Iowa, business college, and University of Baltimore. Armstrong worked in the oil refinery business. He was also involved in the engraving and real estate businesses. Armstrong lived in Lawrenceville, Illinois and was the editor and publisher of the Lawrenceville Daily Record newspaper. Armstrong served on the Lawrenceville City Council and mayor of Lawrenceville. He was a Republican. He served in the Illinois Senate from 1941 to 1949. He died in Lawrenceville, Illinois from a short illness.

University of Baltimore
The University of Baltimore (UBalt, UB) is a public university in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is part of the University System of Maryland. UBalt consists of four colleges in applied arts and sciences, business, law, and public affairs. The University of Baltimore School of Law is one of Maryland's two law schools.
Handelskai station
Handelskai  is a station on U6 of the Vienna U-Bahn. It combines with Wien Handelskai railway station, which is operated by the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB), to form a multistorey interchange station.

The U6 platforms at Handelskai are at a high level, alongside the ÖBB platforms served by regional trains and by Vienna S-Bahn lines S1, S2, S3 and S7.

Below these platforms, and at right angles to them, are the street level platforms of the Wien Handelskai terminus of line S45.

The whole interchange station complex is located in the Brigittenau District. The U-Bahn station opened in 1996.

S7 (Vienna)
S7 is an electrified commuter rail service operating between Floridsdorf and Vienna International Airport, with extended eastbound service to Wolfsthal in the greater Vienna area and northbound service to Laa an der Thaya, sometimes ending in Wolkersdorf and Mistelbach. Between Wien Mitte and the airport, S7 provides local service on the route while the City Airport Train provides non stop express service to the airport. The S7 uses the former Aspangbahn right-of-way in the city center then, at Kledering, transitions to the former Pressburger Bahn, which connected Vienna and Bratislava, to Wolfsthal. Average travel time between Floridsdorf and Vienna International Airport is 37 minutes.
You Might Think
"You Might Think" is a song by American rock band the Cars from their fifth studio album, Heartbeat City (1984). The track was written by Ric Ocasek and produced by Mutt Lange and the Cars, with Ocasek also providing the lead vocals.

The song was released in February 1984, as the first single from Heartbeat City. "You Might Think" peaked at number seven in the United States and number eight in Canada. It also reached number one on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart in the US, the band's first song to do so. In the United Kingdom, the song reached number 88.

David Robinson (drummer)
David Robinson (born April 2, 1949) is an American retired rock drummer. He has performed with many rock bands, including the Rising Tide, the Modern Lovers, the Pop!, DMZ and the Cars. In 2018, Robinson was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Cars. To date, Robinson is also the only member of the Cars to not release a solo album.
Suomen huippumalli haussa season 4
Cycle four of Suomen huippumalli haussa began airing on 12 September 2011 at 20:00 on the Finnish channel Nelonen. It is the fourth cycle of  Suomen huippumalli haussa (English: Search for Finland's top model), which is a Finnish reality show based on America's Next Top Model.

The winner of the competition was 20-year-old Anna-Sofia Ali-Sisto, from Oulu. As her prizes, she received a modeling contract with Paparazzi Model Management, a 6-page editorial spread in Finnish Trendi, a special casting trip to New York and the chance to become the new spokesperson for Max Factor.

Nelonen (TV channel)
Nelonen (Finnish for 'Number Four') is a Finnish commercial television channel. It started out as Helsinki's local television channel PTV in 1990 on the HTV cable network (now part of DNA), and changed its name first to PTV4. On June 1, 1997, the channel expanded to national coverage and changed its name to Nelonen, the Finnish name of the number four. Nelonen is mostly owned by Sanoma Corporation, which owns the Helsingin Sanomat and Ilta-Sanomat newspapers. Its largest owner was Aatos Erkko. Much of its programming is imported Australian, American, British, and European programs with Finnish captions. Its main market is the 25-44 demographic.
Renée (writer)
Renée Gertrude Taylor ONZM (née Jones; 19 July 1929 – 11 December 2023), known professionally as Renée, was a New Zealand feminist writer, playwright, novelist and short story writer. She started writing plays in her 50s, with her first play, Setting the Table, written in 1981, and with her most well-known works being the trilogy of plays beginning with Wednesday to Come (1984). Renée described herself as a "lesbian feminist with socialist working-class ideals", and her plays feature strong female characters who are often working class.

Renée wrote into her 90s, and in addition to over twenty plays wrote short stories and novels in a range of genres including family life, romance and crime, and an autobiography in 2017. She received a number of notable awards during her career, including the Prime Minister's Award for Literary Achievement in Fiction in 2018.

Feminist literature
Feminist literature is fiction, nonfiction, drama, or poetry, which supports the feminist goals of defining, establishing, and defending equal civil, political, economic, and social rights for women. It often addresses the roles of women in society particularly as regarding status, privilege, and power – and generally portrays the consequences to women, men, families, communities, and societies as undesirable.
Mogilno Małe
Mogilno Małe [mɔˈɡilnɔ ˈmawɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dobroń, within Pabianice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Dobroń, 9 km (6 mi) south-west of Pabianice, and 24 km (15 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Pabianice
Pabianice [pabʲaˈɲit͡sɛ] is a city in central Poland with 63,023 inhabitants (2021). Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship, it is the capital of Pabianice County. It lies about 10 kilometres (6 miles) southwest of Łódź and belongs to the metropolitan area of that city. It is the third largest city in the Łódź Voivodeship by population. The area of the city covers 32.9 square kilometres (12.7 sq mi), being the 10th largest in Łódź Voivodeship.

According to data from 2009, agricultural land constitutes 53%, of the area and forests another 9%. The city covers 6.70% of Pabianice County.

It is located in the Sieradz Land. Neighbour administrative divisions: gmina Dobroń, gmina Ksawerów, miasto Łódź, gmina Pabianice, gmina Rzgów.
Madjid Niroumand
Madjid Niroumand (Persian: مجید نیرومند) is an Iranian educational administrator, and former child actor. He is best known for playing the lead role of Amiro in Amir Naderi's The Runner (1984), which is regarded as one of the seminal films in modern Iranian cinema. The director discovered him after a six-month search for a suitable lead, having spotted Niroumand in a newspaper photograph of four youngsters who won a race.

He also appeared in Naderi's follow-up movie Water, Wind, Dust (1989). In the 1990s, Niroumand moved to Norway and afterwards made his way to the United States, eventually settling in California. He studied at Cal State Long Beach and Cal State Dominguez Hills before completing his PhD from Argosy University. He works as an educational administrator in California.

Niroumand's life was portrayed in the 2016 documentary A Boy's Own Story.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.
Festina lente
Festina lente (Classical Latin: [fɛsˈtiː.naː ˈlɛn.teː]) or speûde bradéōs (σπεῦδε βραδέως, pronounced [spêu̯.de bra.dé.ɔːs]) is a classical adage and oxymoron meaning "make haste slowly" (sometimes rendered in English as "more haste, less speed").  It has been adopted as a motto numerous times, particularly by the emperors Augustus and Titus, then later by the Medicis and the Onslows. During the 1960s the Cuban Revolution used this ancient phrase (apresúrate lentamente) in its message to the masses.

The original form of the saying, σπεῦδε βραδέως speũde bradéōs, is Classical Greek, of which festīnā lentē is the Latin translation. The words σπεῦδε and festina are second-person-singular present active imperatives, meaning "make haste", while βραδέως and lente are adverbs, meaning "slowly".

Motto
A motto (derived from the Latin muttum, 'mutter', by way of Italian motto, 'word' or 'sentence') is a sentence or phrase expressing a belief or purpose, or the general motivation or intention of an individual, family, social group, or organization. Mottos (or mottoes) are usually found predominantly in written form (unlike slogans, which may also be expressed orally), and may stem from long traditions of social foundations, or from significant events, such as a civil war or a revolution. One's motto may be in any language, but Latin has been widely used, especially in the Western world.
Dmitry Petrushevsky
Dmitry Moiseevich Petrushevsky (Russian: Дмитрий Моисеевич Петрушевский; 13 September [O.S. 1 September] 1863 – 12 December 1942) was a Russian and Soviet historian, medievalist, Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1929).

His father was a priest in the village.

He graduated from the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in 1886.

His earned his Master's Degree in 1897 and doctoral degree in 1901.
He was a student of Paul Vinogradoff.

From 1906 he taught at The Higher Courses for Women in Moscow.

From 1917 he was an ordinary professor at the Moscow State University.

In 1925, he received the title of Distinguished Professor.

His students were Eugene Kosminsky and A. I. Neusykhin.

Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union).

In 1991, by the decree of the President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Russian Academy of Sciences was established on the basis of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
Chabařovice
Chabařovice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈxabar̝ovitsɛ]; German: Karbitz) is a town in Ústí nad Labem District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,500 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Cultural monument (Czech Republic)
The cultural monuments of the Czech Republic (Czech: kulturní památka) are protected properties (both real and movable properties) designated by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. Cultural monuments that constitute the most important part of the Czech cultural heritage may be declared national cultural monuments (Czech: národní kulturní památka) by a regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic. The government may also proclaim a territory, whose character and environment are determined by a group of immovable cultural monuments or archaeological finds, as a whole, as a monument reservation. The Ministry of Culture may proclaim a territory of a settlement with a smaller number of cultural monuments, a historical environment or part of a landscape area that displays significant cultural values as a monument zone.

As of 2019, there are 14 Czech cultural monuments on the World Heritage List.
Problems (Aristotle)
Problems (Greek: Προβλήματα; Latin: Problemata) is an Aristotelian or possibly pseudo-Aristotelian collection of questions about the world and answers to them. The collection, gradually assembled by the peripatetic school, reached its final form anywhere between the third century BC and the 6th century AD. The work is divided by topic into 38 sections, and the whole contains almost 900 problems.

Later writers to compose question-and-answer works in imitation of Problems include Plutarch, Alexander of Aphrodisias, and Cassius Iatrosophista. The medieval and Renaissance commentators of Aristotle's Problemata include Pietro d'Abano (whose Expositio of 1310 was reprinted in a number of early editions), Giulio Guastavini and Ludovico Settala.

Pietro d'Abano
Pietro d'Abano, also known as Petrus de Apono, Petrus Aponensis or Peter of Abano (c. 1257 – 1316), was an Italian philosopher, astrologer, and professor of medicine in Padua. He was born in the Italian town from which he takes his name, now Abano Terme. He gained fame by writing Conciliator Differentiarum, quae inter Philosophos et Medicos Versantur. He was eventually accused of heresy and atheism, and came before the Inquisition. He died in prison in 1316 (some sources say 1315) before the end of his trial.
Gerrit Zegelaar
Gerrit Zegelaar (16 July 1719 – 24 July 1794) was a Dutch painter.

Zegelaar was born in Loenen aan de Vecht as son of the carpenter and alderman Hendrik Zegelaar and Johanna ter Bruggen. Gerrit was a deaf mute. He settled in Amsterdam where in 1757 he married Maria van der Steen. The marriage remained childless.

Zegelaar was a pupil of Nicolaas Verkolje and is known for small genre paintings that were often sold by pairs, and for portraits, but also made wall decorations. He worked in Haarlem and Amsterdam. He painted a wall decoration for the owner Quarles van Ufford on the house located at Spaarne 106. His works were collected by Gerrit Braamcamp and Jan Gildemeester.

In 1785 he was insolvent and left Amsterdam, but in 1788 met with financial trouble again and then left Utrecht where he had been living. He then retired to Wageningen, the city where his father had been born. Zegelaar died there six years later.

Loenen aan de Vecht
Loenen aan de Vecht (or just Loenen) is a village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It was the main village in the former municipality of Loenen. Since 2011 it has become part of the newly formed municipality of Stichtse Vecht. It lies about 10 km west of Hilversum.
Subvocalization
Subvocalization, or silent speech, is the internal speech typically made when reading; it provides the sound of the word as it is read. This is a natural process when reading, and it helps the mind to access meanings to comprehend and remember what is read, potentially reducing cognitive load.

This inner speech is characterized by minuscule movements in the larynx and other muscles involved in the articulation of speech. Most of these movements are undetectable (without the aid of machines) by the person who is reading. It is one of the components of Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch's phonological loop proposal which accounts for the storage of these types of information into short-term memory.

Sound
Sound is a phenomenon in which pressure disturbances propagate through a transmission medium. In the context of physics, it is characterised as a mechanical wave of pressure or related quantities (e.g. displacement), whereas in physiological-psychological contexts it refers to the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Though sensitivity to sound varies among all organisms, the human ear is sensitive to frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Examples of the significance and application of sound include music, medical imaging techniques, oral language and parts of science.