hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
78th Scripps National Spelling Bee
The 78th Scripps National Spelling Bee was held June 1–2, 2005 in Washington D.C.

Anurag Kashyap, 13, won the competition. He spelled the word appoggiatura, a musical term, correctly. He had finished 47th in the prior year's competition.

Eleven-year-old Samir Patel of Colleyville, Texas and Aliya Deri, 13, of Pleasanton, California tied for second place. Patel misspelled the word Roscian. Deri misspelled the word trouvaille.

There were 273 spellers this year, 146 boys and 127 girls, ages 9 to 14. 51 survived until the final day of competition. Only 71 spellers made it successfully through the third round, and 20 more dropped out in the fourth round.

The first place prize was $30,000 and other non-cash prizes.

Colleyville, Texas
Colleyville is a city in northeastern Tarrant County, Texas, United States, centrally located in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. A wealthy suburb of the Dallas/Fort Worth area, Colleyville was originally a small farm town in the 19th century. The population was 26,057 at the 2020 census.
Luiz Pacheco
Luiz Pacheco (May 7, 1925 in Lisbon – January 5, 2008 in Montijo) was a writer, publisher, polemicist and literary critic (mainly of Portuguese literature). He was proudest of his work as a publisher. The publishing house Contraponto, his creation, released works by many previously unpublished Portuguese writers (Herberto Helder, Natália Correia, Mário Cesariny de Vasconcelos, Vergílio Ferreira, António Maria Lisboa), and introduced Sade to the Portuguese readers.

Comunidades of Goa
The comunidades of Goa are a form of land association developed in Goa, India, where land-ownership is collectively held, but controlled by the male descendants of those who claimed to be the founders of the village, who in turn mostly belonged to upper caste groups.  Documented by the Portuguese as of 1526, it was the predominant form of landholding in Goa prior to 1961. In form, it is similar to many other rural agricultural peoples' form of landholding, such as that of pre-Spanish Bolivia and the Puebloan peoples now in the Southwestern United States, identified by Karl Marx as the dualism of rural communities: the existence
of collective land ownership together with private production on the land.
Citizens for Sunshine
Citizens for Sunshine is a nonprofit organization based in Akron, Ohio, that seeks to improve compliance with Ohio's Public Records Act.

The organization was started in 2007 by a former newspaper reporter with a passion for public records who began filing pro se lawsuits against police departments and other public offices who refused to release records he had requested. Although most of the cases are settled out of court, at least one has resulted in a ruling from the Ohio Court of Appeals, which found that the police and law department in Rocky River, Ohio, had clearly violated state law when they refused to make records available to him.

Most notably, the suits included a lawsuit against Marc Dann, then the attorney general of Ohio, for access to e-mails between Dann and his scheduler, with whom he was believed to be carrying on an extramarital affair.

Pro se legal representation in the United States
Pro se legal representation (/ˌproʊ ˈsiː/ or /ˌproʊ ˈseɪ/) means to argue on one's own behalf in a legal proceeding, as a defendant or plaintiff in civil cases, or a defendant in criminal cases, rather than have representation from counsel or an attorney.

The term pro se comes from Latin pro se, meaning "for oneself" or "on behalf of themselves". This status is sometimes known as in propria persona (abbreviated to "pro per"). In England and Wales the comparable status is that of "litigant in person". In Australia and Canada, the term is self-represented litigant (SRL).
Tom McNamara (American football)
Edmund Reginald "Tom" McNamara (December 15, 1896 – November 7, 1943) was an American football player.

McNamara was born in 1896 in Clinton, Massachusetts, and attended Clinton High School. He played college football for Tufts in 1917 and 1919.  In 1918, he played at the fullback position for the Wentworth Naval Station football team. He later played for the University of Detroit Titans from 1920 to 1922.

He then played three seasons in the National Football League with the Toledo Maroons in 1923 and with the Detroit Panthers in 1925 and 1926. He appeared in 31 NFL games, 30 of them as a starter.

After his football career ended, he worked with the United States Secret Service. He died in 1943 at age 47 in Clinton, Massachusetts.

Tufts Jumbos football
The Tufts Jumbos football program represents Tufts University in the sport of college football. The team competes in Division III of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC). Tufts plays its home games at Ellis Oval, located on the campus within the municipality of Somerville, Massachusetts. The team's head coach is Jay Civetti, who has led the Jumbos since 2011.
Scandale (film)
Scandale  is a 1982 Canadian (Québec) comedy film.

The plot is a reference to current events at the time of the film's creation. The response of a Parti Québécois government under René Lévesque to the recession of the early 1980s included harsh cutbacks to civil service pay which angered labour union members, a core part of the constituency of the PQ and sovereignty movement.  In real life, the move would cost the party the next election.

In the film, a band of government workers affected by budget cutbacks at the Ministry of Culture decide to make some fast bucks by making a blue movie in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. Their finished product is unexpectedly entered into competition at the Cannes Film Festival in order to showcase Québec's culture, shocking government officials.

René Lévesque
René Lévesque (August 24, 1922 – November 1, 1987) was a Canadian politician and journalist who served as the 23rd premier of Quebec from 1976 to 1985. He was the first Québécois political leader since Confederation to seek, through a referendum, a mandate to negotiate the political independence of Quebec. Starting his career as a reporter, and radio and television host, he later became known for his eminent role in Quebec's nationalization of hydro-electric companies and as an ardent defender of Quebec sovereignty. He was the founder of the Parti Québécois, and before that, a Liberal minister in the Lesage government from 1960 to 1966.
Wade House
Wade House can refer to:

Wade House (Ipswich, Massachusetts)

Jonathan Wade House, Medford, Massachusetts

William Lincoln Wade House, Salem, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)

Dwight and Kate Wade House, Sevierville, Tennessee, listed on the NRHP

Alexander Wade House, Morgantown, West Virginia

Wade House Historic Site, Greenbush, Wisconsin
Sylvanus Wade House the core building of the site

Wade House Historic Site
Wade House Historical Site, also called Old Wade House, is a 240-acre (97 ha) open-air museum in Greenbush, Wisconsin. A Wisconsin historic site, the site is operated by the Wisconsin Historical Society.

The site contains nine major structures, three of which are listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

The namesake structure is the Sylvanus Wade House constructed in 1848–1849.

Live historic interpreters wearing period-style clothing populate the park during summer operations.
Tägerschen railway station
Tägerschen railway station (German: Bahnhof Tägerschen) is a railway station in the village of Tägerschen, part of the municipality of Tobel-Tägerschen, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Wil–Kreuzlingen line of Thurbo, and is served as a request stop by local trains only.

Wil–Kreuzlingen railway
The Wil–Kreuzlingen railway is a largely single-track standard-gauge line in northeastern Switzerland. It was built by the Mittelthurgaubahn; MThB), which was a Swiss private railway based in Weinfelden. It was liquidated in 2003, including its subsidiary Lokoop, and its activities and the infrastructure it owned were mainly taken over by a Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) subsidiary, Thurbo, which was originally formed as a joint venture between the MThB and the SBB.
1967 Philippine Senate election
A senatorial election was held on November 14, 1967, in the Philippines. The 1967 election for the members of the Philippine Senate were also known as the 1967 midterm election, as the date where the elected candidates take office falls halfway through President Ferdinand Marcos' four-year term. The administration Nacionalista Party won seven seats in the Philippine Senate while the Liberal Party won one seat; the Nacionalistas got the majority in the Senate after having twelve of the 24 seats in the Senate prior to the election.

Camilo Osías
Camilo Osías y Olaviano (March 23, 1889 – May 20, 1976), was a Filipino politician, twice for a short time President of the Senate of the Philippines. Along with American Mary A. Lane, Osías translated into English the poem Filipinas that was set to the Marcha Nacional Filipina, producing the Philippine Hymn, now the national anthem Lupang Hinirang.
John LaFalce
John Joseph LaFalce (October 6, 1939 – April 11, 2025) was an American politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from the state of New York from 1975 to 2003. He retired in 2002 after his district was merged with that of a fellow Democrat.

LaFalce was first elected to the 94th United States Congress in 1974 and re-elected to each succeeding Congress through the 107th United States Congress, serving his Western New York congressional district for 28 years, from 1975 to 2003. He served as Chairman of the United States House Small Business Committee from 1987 to 1995, and as Ranking Democrat of the House Committee on Financial Services from 1999 to 2003. He declined to seek re-election to the 108th Congress.

Villanova University School of Law
The Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law (known as Villanova Law) is the law school of Villanova University, a private Roman Catholic research university in Villanova, Pennsylvania. It was opened in 1953 and is approved by the American Bar Association (ABA) and a member of the Association of American Law Schools (AALS). Approximately 720 students study full-time in the J.D. program which offers more than 100 offerings including foundation courses, specialty offerings, drafting courses, clinical experiences, seminars, simulation courses and externships.
Cyrrhestica
Cyrrhestica (Greek: Κυρρηστική) is a district of Greater Syria which appears to have owed its name to the hellenistic era of the country. The readings Κυρριστική and Κυριστική are mistakes made by the scribes. It lies to the east of the plain of Antioch and Amanus, and was bounded on the east by the Euphrates and Commagene to the north, it extended as far as the desert. This fertile, well-watered, and thickly peopled district occupied the right bank of the Euphrates, where the river inclines rather eastward of south. It was the scene of the campaign in which Ventidius defeated the Parthian Pacorus and avenged Crassus and the Roman army which had fallen at Carrhae. Constantine I united it with Commagene under the name of Provincia Euphratensis. The chief towns of Cyrrhestica were Hierapolis Bambyce, Zeugma, Europus, Birtha?, Beroea (modern Aleppo), Batnae, and Cyrrhus.

Publius Ventidius
Publius Ventidius (fl. 89–38 BC) was a Roman general and one of Julius Caesar's protégés. He won key victories against the Parthians which resulted in the deaths of key leaders – victories which redeemed the losses of Crassus and led to Antony's invasion of Parthian territory. According to Plutarch, in his "Life of Antony", the three military victories of Ventidius resulted in the only Triumph (up to the time of Plutarch's writing) awarded to a Roman general for defeating the Parthians.
Sommerfeldt
Sommerfeldt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christian Sommerfeldt (1746–1811), Norwegian geographer and civil servant

Einar Sommerfeldt (1889–1976), Norwegian rower

Gunnar Sommerfeldt (1890–1947), Danish actor and film director

Hakon Adelsteen Sommerfeldt (1811–1888), Norwegian naval officer and ship designer

Harald Sommerfeldt (1886–1966), Norwegian businessman

René Sommerfeldt (born 1974), German cross-country skier

Wilhelm Preus Sommerfeldt (1881–1957), Norwegian bibliographer and librarian

Wilhelm Preus Sommerfeldt
Wilhelm Preus Sommerfeldt (7 November 1881 – 17 February 1957) was a Norwegian bibliographer and librarian. He was born in Kristiania, and was the grandson of ships designer Hakon Adelsteen Sommerfeldt. He worked for the University Library of Oslo. Among his responsibilities was the annual Norsk bokfortegnelse, and he established Norsk tidsskriftindex in 1918, and edited the 34 first volumes of the series (1918–1951). He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1951.
Gazi Mehmet Pasha's Mosque
Gazi Mehmet Pasha's Mosque (Albanian: Xhamia e Gazi Mehmet Pashës) also known as the Bajrakli Mosque (Albanian: Xhamia e Bajraklisë) is a mosque in the city of Prizren. It is one of the oldest Islamic religious sites in Kosovo. Building started in 1561 and finished in 1573. Its building is part of a complex which included the mosque, a library, a maktab and madrasa, public baths, housing and other buildings in a radius of about 150m. The present-day League of Prizren museum was one of its buildings. The complex stands on the other side of the Lumbardhi i Prizrenit river opposite to the Prizren Fortress. The mosque has a square base and numerous windows, while the main mihrab and the mimber are made of marble.

It was built by the waqf of Dukaginzade Gazi Mehmet Pasha, great-grandson of Dukaginzade Ahmed Pasha. His future mausoleum was built in the courtyard of the mosque, but it was never used as he died ca. 1594–96 in Hungary.

Dukaginzade Ahmed Pasha
Dukaginzade Ahmed Pasha (Albanian: Ahmed Pashë Dukagjini; Ottoman Turkish: دوقکین زاده أحمد پاشا; Turkish: Dukakinoğlu Ahmed Paşa; died 1515), born Progon Dukagjini, was a high-ranking statesman and military commander of the Ottoman Empire in the early 16th century. He hailed from the Albanian Dukagjini family, one of the strongest in pre-Ottoman medieval Albania. Dukaginzade Ahmed Pasha was the son of Nicholas Pal Dukagjini and Kiranna Arianiti Comnena.
Film School Rejects
Film School Rejects is an American blog devoted to movie reviews, interviews, film industry news, and feature commentary. It was founded by Neil Miller in February 2006.

The site was nominated for Best News Blog by Total Film magazine and named one of the 50 best blogs for filmmakers by MovieMaker magazine. Its weekly podcast, Reject Radio, was voted as the fourth best podcast for movie fans by Movies.com.

Film School Rejects and its contributors have been featured and quoted in regional and national media outlets, including CNN, the Los Angeles Times, Mashable, and American Public Media. The site's April Fools' Day pranks have been covered on MTV, Fandango, and BuzzFeed.

Film industry
The film industry or motion picture industry comprises the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking, i.e., film production companies, film studios, cinematography, animation, film production, screenwriting, pre-production, post-production, film festivals, distribution, and actors. Though the expense involved in making film almost immediately led film production to concentrate under the auspices of standing production companies, advances in affordable filmmaking equipment, as well as an expansion of opportunities to acquire investment capital from outside the film industry itself, have allowed independent film production to evolve.

In 2019, the global box office was worth $42.2 billion. When including box office and home entertainment revenue, the global film industry was worth $136 billion in 2018. Hollywood is the world's oldest national film industry, and largest in terms of box-office gross revenue.
2017 Best of Nollywood Awards
The 2017 Best of Nollywood Awards was the 9th edition of the ceremony and took place in Abeokuta, Ogun State on 17 December 2017. The event was co-hosted by Rahama Shadau and Gbenro Ajibade.

The nominee list was released in September 2017 with Omotola Jalade-Ekehinde, Mercy Aigbe, and Alex Ekubo identified as the "top contenders". About 120 films were considered including 113 feature films, 7 short films and 2 TV shows.

Awards were given in 32 categories, with Adesua Etomi, Beverly Naya, Gabriel Afolayan and Alex Ekubo amongst the winners. The lifetime achievement awards for special contribution to the development of Nollywood was given to Omotola Jalade-Ekiende, Ali Nuhu and filmmaker, Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen.

Rahama Sadau
Rahama Ibrahim Sadau (pronunciationⓘ born 7 December 1993) is a Nigerian actress and filmmaker.  She rose to prominence in late 2013 after joining the Kannywood film industry with her debut in the movie Gani ga Wane.

Sadau has appeared in films across multiple Nigerian languages, including Hausa-language Kannywood productions and English-language Nollywood titles, as well as a role in a Hindi-language Bollywood film. She is also among the few Nigerian actresses reported to speak Hindi fluently.

She received the Best Actress (Kannywood) award at the City People Entertainment Awards in both 2014 and 2015.  In 2015, she was named Best African Actress at the 19th African Film Awards organized by African Voice. In 2017, she was listed among the top ten hottest female Nigerian celebrities, reportedly becoming the first Hausa-language film actress to achieve that distinction.
Ulva Island-Te Wharawhara Marine Reserve
Ulva Island-Te Wharawhara Marine Reserve is a marine reserve covering an area of 1,075 hectares (2,660 acres) south-west and north-east of Ulva Island, in the Paterson Inlet of New Zealand's Stewart Island. It was established in 2004 and is administered by the Department of Conservation.

Department of Conservation (New Zealand)
The Department of Conservation (DOC; Māori: Te Papa Atawhai) is the public service department of New Zealand charged with the conservation of New Zealand's natural and historical heritage.

An advisory body, the New Zealand Conservation Authority (NZCA) is provided to advise DOC and its ministers.  In addition there are 15 conservation boards for different areas around the country that provide for interaction between DOC and the public.
Tomislav Krizman
Tomislav Krizman (1882–1955), was a Croatian painter, graphic artist, costume and set designer, teacher, author and organizer of cultural events. He painted in oils and tempera, although he is principally remembered for his remarkable graphic art.

He was of the founders of the Medulić Society, and the Zagreb Spring Salon of 1916. He exhibited in Zagreb, Belgrade, Ljubljana, Vienna, Paris and Rome.

Tempera
Tempera (Italian: [ˈtɛmpera]) is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium, usually glutinous material such as egg yolk. There are several types of tempera paint, but the one containing egg yolk is called egg tempera. Tempera paint made from the milk protein is Casein paint. If the binder is synthetic PVA, the result is polyvinyl acetate tempera. A distemper paint consisting of pigment and binders such as cornstarch, gum arabic and other gums is called poster paint in certain parts of the world, and it is also often confusingly referred to as "tempera paint", although the binders in this paint are different from traditional egg tempera paints and the visual effect is more like gouache.

The term Tempera also refers to the paintings done in any kind of these tempera mediums.
China Railways AM3
The China Railways AM3 class steam locomotive was a class of 4-4-0 "Eight-Wheeler" type steam locomotives operated by the China Railway, built by the American Locomotive Company in the United States between 1923 and 1929.

Twenty-six of these locomotives were originally built for the Huning Railway. After the establishment of the puppet government of the Reformed Government of the Republic of China during the Japanese occupation, they were operated by the Central China Railway, which had been created in 1939 to manage all railway operations in the territory of the collaborationist government by nationalising all privately owned railways in the territory.

After the end of the Pacific War, these locomotives were passed on to the Republic of China Railway. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, China Railways designated them ㄚㄇ3 (AM3) class in 1951; the class was retired in 1955.

Reformed Government of the Republic of China
The  Reformed Government of the Republic of China (Simplified Chinese: 中华民国维新政府; Traditional Chinese: 中華民國維新政府; Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó Wéixīn Zhèngfǔ; Japanese: 中華民國維新政府; Hepburn: Chūka minkoku ishin seifu) was a puppet state created by Japan that existed in eastern China from 1938 to 1940 during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The regime had little authority or popular support, nor did it receive international recognition even from Japan itself, lasting only two years before it was merged with the Provisional Government into the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China under Wang Jingwei. Due to the extensive powers of the Japanese advisors within the government and its own limited powers, the Reformed Government was not much more than an arm of the Japanese military administration.
Tim Rogers (musician)
Timothy Adrian Rogers (born September 20, 1969) is an Australian musician and actor, best known as the frontman of the rock band You Am I. He has also recorded solo albums with backing bands. As of July 2013, Rogers has released 12 albums with You Am I and five solo albums.

Double J (radio station)
Double J is an Australian digital radio station owned by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. A sister station of the youth-oriented Triple J, it was founded in 2002 as Dig Music and aims to appeal to an older audience with a more refined music catalogue, as well as archive content from Triple J's library. It is available to stream online or via the DAB+ network in Australia.
Commonwealth Railways CL class
The CL class is a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Commonwealth Railways in several batches between 1970 and 1972.
The class was the last in the world to be built with the Electro-Motive Diesel bulldog nose but differed from previous builds in having a mansard roof.

National Rail Corporation
The National Rail Corporation was an Australian rail operator established by the Australian, New South Wales and Victorian governments in February 1992. In February 2002, National Rail was sold to a Patrick Corporation and Toll Holdings consortium and rebranded as Pacific National.
1990 Recopa Sudamericana
The 1990 Recopa Sudamericana was the second Recopa Sudamericana, an annual football match between the winners of the previous season's Copa Libertadores and Supercopa Sudamericana competitions. Originally, the title was supposed to be disputed on a two-legged series. Due to security concerns on the eventual, first leg in Colombia and schedule congestion; a neutral stadium was chosen for the match to take place. The Orange Bowl in Miami became the venue for this year's Recopa Sudamericana final.

The match was contested by Atlético Nacional, winners of the 1989 Copa Libertadores, and Boca Juniors, winners of the 1989 Supercopa Sudamericana, on March 17, 1990. Boca Juniors managed to defeat Atlético Nacional 0-1 to lift the trophy for the first time.

Supercopa Libertadores
The Supercopa Libertadores (English: Libertadores Supercup), also known as the Supercopa Sudamericana, Supercopa Libertadores João Havelange, Supercopa João Havelange or simply Supercopa, was a football club competition contested annually between 1988 and 1997 by the past winners of the Copa Libertadores. The tournament is one of the many South American club competitions that have been organized by CONMEBOL.