hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward B. Pond
Edward Bates Pond (September 7, 1833 – April 22, 1910) was an American politician active in California. He was the 21st Mayor of San Francisco serving from 1887 to 1891.

In 1890, he ran for Governor of California. At the California Democratic State Convention, San Francisco Boss Christopher Buckley backed Mayor Pond. Edward B. Pond defeated William D. English of Oakland for the nomination. In the general election, Edward Pond lost to Republican, Henry Markham.

His grandson was Samuel 'Pete' Pond (1914–2004), a former Dean at Stanford University.

Henry Markham
Henry Harrison Markham (November 16, 1840 – October 9, 1923) was an American lawyer and Republican politician.  He was the 18th governor of California (1891–1895), and represented California's 6th congressional district during the 49th United States Congress (1885–1887).  Earlier in life, he served as a Union Army officer in the American Civil War.
Book (surname)
Book is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Book (born 1970), Swedish singer

Asher Book (born 1988), American dancer, singer-songwriter and actor

Clifford H. Book (1895–1954), lawyer in Melbourne, Australia

Dan Book (born 1983), American songwriter and record producer

Ed Book (born 1970), New Zealand basketball player

Ian Book (born 1998), American football player

Kim Book (born 1946), English footballer and manager

Lauren Book (born 1984), American politician

Nils-Ole Book (born 1986), German footballer

Raymond Book (1925–2018), American politician

Steve Book (born 1969), English footballer

Todd Book (born 1968), American politician

Tony Book (1934–2025), English footballer and manager

Dan Book
Daniel Steven Book (born July 20, 1983) is a producer and songwriter, originally from Baltimore, Maryland. After moving to Los Angeles, he has racked up a discography with notable label artists as well as composing and producing songs for Disney Television and Films. He is currently published by and writing music for Sony/ATV Music Publishing. He is also the former lead singer of the band VooDoo Blue.
Melissa Begg
Melissa D. Begg is the dean of the Columbia School of Social Work, in Columbia University, and a professor of social work and of biostatistics at Columbia. Her research expertise concerns the biostatistics of population health, including the use of correlated data from family studies.

Columbia University School of Social Work
The Columbia University School of Social Work (also referred to as the Columbia School of Social Work) is the graduate school of social work of Columbia University in New York City. It is one of the oldest social work programs in the US, with roots extending back to 1898. It began awarding a Master of Science degree in 1940. As of 2018, it was one of the largest social work schools in the United States, with an enrollment of over 1,000 students.
Mark Strom
Mark Eugene Strom (born June 4, 1982, in Salem, Oregon, United States) is an American professional basketball player. He is a 6-foot-3-inch (191 cm) guard who plays in the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional in Mexico.

Strom was a standout player at Mazama High School in Klamath Falls, Oregon. He played at Umpqua Community College for two years, where he was named second-team all-NWAACC, then transferred to San Jose Christian College, where he was first-team all-USCAA. After college, he played professionally in Mexico for the Bucaneros de Campeche, Santos de San Luis, Ángeles de Puebla and Cosmos De Tijuana of the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP).

In 2009 he led Gonyeli OŞAN to the Super Cup Finals in the North Cyprus Premier League. He was averaged 19.3 points and 4 assists per match.

He then returned to Mexico to play a season with the Pioneros de Los Mochis of the CIBACOPA.

Northwest Athletic Conference
The Northwest Athletic Conference (NWAC), formerly the Northwest Athletic Association of Community Colleges (NWAACC), is a non-profit two-year college conference for community colleges in the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington, along with the Canadian province of British Columbia.

The NWAC, now with 37 members, is the largest community college conference in the United States. It is not affiliated with the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA), but acknowledges on the NWAC website athletes representing conference schools in the NJCAA wrestling tournament.
Coatzacoalcos
Coatzacoalcos (Spanish: [koatsakoˈalkos]; formerly known as Puerto México; Nahuatl languages: Koatzakwalko; Zapotec: Niniashi; Popoluca: Puertu) is a major port city in the southern part of the Mexican state of Veracruz, mostly on the western side of the Coatzacoalcos River estuary, on the Bay of Campeche, on the southern Gulf of Mexico coast. The city serves as the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name. The city had a 2020 census population of 212,540, making it the third-largest city in the state after Veracruz and Xalapa. The municipality covers a surface area of 471.16 km2 (181.916 sq mi) and reported a population of 310,698 persons. The municipality population in 2015 was 319,187 a decrease of 9% over 2020.

Popolocan languages
The Popolocan languages are a subfamily of the Oto-Manguean language family of Mexico, spoken mainly in the state of Puebla.

The Popolocan languages should not be confused with the languages called Popoluca spoken in the state of Veracruz, which belong to the unrelated Mixe–Zoquean language family. The term comes from the Nahuatl language and means to speak unintelligibly, which is why Nahuatl speakers called several different unrelated languages "Popolōca". The Nahuatl term was later adopted by the Spanish. The convention now is that the Oto-Manguean languages are referred to as "Popoloca" and the Mixe–Zoquean languages are referred to as "Popoluca", although the latter term is falling into disuse.
Birds of Prey (ski course)
Birds of Prey is a World Cup downhill ski course in the western United States, located at Beaver Creek Resort in Avon, Colorado. The race course made its World Cup debut 29 years ago in December 1997.

Beaver Creek is a traditional early December stop on the men's World Cup calendar. The course hosted the World Championships in 1999 and 2015, and is also used for super-G and giant slalom races. Prior to 1995, the World Cup speed events in North America were usually held in the latter part of the racing season.

This course has hosted total of 65 men's World Cup events (eighth all-time), and an additional three speed events in March 1988 were on "Centennial", the former speed course at Beaver Creek.

In December 2021, Birds of Prey became the first course in World Cup history to host four speed events on four consecutive days (two downhills, two super-G's).

Avon, Colorado
Avon is a home rule town located in Eagle County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 6,072 at the 2020 United States census. The town is a part of the Edwards, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area. Avon is the gateway to the Beaver Creek Resort which lies about two miles (3 km) south of the town. It was the previous site of Vail Resorts before the company moved its physical headquarters to Broomfield, Colorado, in 2006. The town is the home of Liberty Skis, an independent ski manufacturing company.
W. B. Stonebridge
Walter Butler Stonebridge FRIBA (8 September 1879 – 1 November 1962) was an architect, Diocesan Surveyor for Ely and St Albans and afterwards Surveyor for the Archdeaconry of Bedford. He was president of the Northamptonshire, Bedfordshire and Huntingdonshire Society of Architects in 1932.

Woburn Sands
Woburn Sands (/ˈwoʊbərn/) is a town that straddles the border between Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire in England, and is part of the Milton Keynes urban area. The larger part of the town is in Woburn Sands civil parish, which is in the City of Milton Keynes, Smaller parts of the town are in the neighbouring parishes of Aspley Guise and Aspley Heath (in Central Bedfordshire). The meandering boundary between Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire means the Lower and Middle Schools that serve all of the town are both in Aspley Guise CP. Bedfordshire Police and Thames Valley Police both deal with law enforcement issues in the town. At the 2011 Census, the population of the civil parish (only) was 2,916, that of the built-up area (including much of Aspley Guise) was 5,959. Woburn Sands, Aspley Guise and Aspley Heath each has its own centre but together the three settlements are a contiguous built-up area.
Christopher Tingley
Christopher Tingley is an English academic and translator of Arabic literature. He was born in Brighton and read English at the University of London (MPhil 1973) and at Leeds University, for many years lecturing in English and linguistics at various African universities: the University of Constantine (Algeria); the National University of Rwanda; and the University of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso).

Tingley is noted as a translator of classic and modern Arabic literature. He has helped to translate book-length works by writers such as Zayd Mutee Dammaj, Ibrahim al-Koni, Yahya Yakhlif and Yusuf al-Qa'id. His frequent collaborators include Salma Khadra Jayyusi, May Jayyusi and Dina Bosio. He has served as style editor of PROTA, the Project of Translation from Arabic established by Khadra Jayyusi in 1980. He has also contributed to numerous anthologies of Arabic literature in English, many of them published by PROTA.

National University of Rwanda
The National University of Rwanda (NUR; Kinyarwanda: Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda, French: Université nationale du Rwanda, UNR) was the largest university in Rwanda. It was located at 2°36′58″S 29°44′34″E﻿ / ﻿2.61611°S 29.74278°E﻿ / -2.61611; 29.74278 in the city of Butare and was established in 1963 by the government in cooperation with the Congregation of the Dominicans from the Province of Quebec, Canada. Its founder and first rector was Father Georges-Henri Lévesque.

When it was established, the NUR had three divisions (Faculties of Medicine and Social Sciences, and a Teacher Training College), 51 students and 16 lecturers. The university suffered badly during the genocide and had to close in 1994, reopening in April 1995. At that time English was introduced as a medium of instruction alongside French.

In 2013, along with all public higher education institutions in Rwanda, it was merged into the newly created University of Rwanda.
M. O. Joseph
Manjilas Ouseph Joseph (15 January 1929 – 8 January 2016) was a Malayali film producer. He produced over 30 films in the 1960s and 1970s, including Yakshi, Adimakal, Devi, Chattakkari, Anubhavangal Palichakal, and Punarjanmam. He received two Filmfare Awards South for Best Malayalam Film. His films also received awards, including the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Malayalam.

Filmfare Awards South
The Filmfare Awards South are annual awards that honour artistic and technical excellence in the Telugu cinema, Tamil cinema, Malayalam cinema and Kannada cinema. They are presented by Filmfare magazine of The Times Group. When it was introduced in 1954, the Filmfare Awards initially only recognized achievements in the Hindi cinema. In 1964 the awards were extended to Telugu, Tamil, Bengali and Marathi languages for the films released in 1963. The awards were extended to Malayalam cinema in 1967 and Kannada cinema in 1970.

Each industry is given its own set of creative awards in annual ceremonies that have predominantly been held in Chennai and Hyderabad. Before 1976, the ceremony was held in Mumbai along with Hindi segment. From 1976, the southern region segment were separated from awards for Hindi-language films and moved to Chennai first, and later to Hyderabad in 1997. The event made its debut in Bengaluru and Kochi in 2022 and 2026 respectively.
Parietal-temporal-occipital
The parietal-temporal-occipital (PTO) association area, also referred to as the temporo-parieto-occipital (TPO) junction, is an area within the cerebral cortex where the parietal, temporal and occipital lobes meet. High level of interpreting meaningful signals in the surrounding sensory area. They have functional subareas:

Analysis of the spatial coordinates of the body

Posterior occipital cortex

Anterior parietal cortex

This association area—one of three in the cortex—is responsible for the assembly of auditory, visual, and somatosensory system information. Meaning is assigned to stimuli in the PTO, which outputs to numerous other areas of the brain, notably the limbic and prefrontal association areas, which are involved in memory.

Sound
Sound is a phenomenon in which pressure disturbances propagate through a transmission medium. In the context of physics, it is characterised as a mechanical wave of pressure or related quantities (e.g. displacement), whereas in physiological-psychological contexts it refers to the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Though sensitivity to sound varies among all organisms, the human ear is sensitive to frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Examples of the significance and application of sound include music, medical imaging techniques, oral language and parts of science.
Lepidopetalum
Lepidopetalum is a genus of six species of trees known to science, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae.

They grow naturally in New Guinea, New Britain, New Ireland, Bougainville, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Sumatra and Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia.

Flora of Australia (series)
Flora of Australia is a 59 volume series describing the vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens present in Australia and its external territories. The series is published by the Australian Biological Resources Study, who estimate that the series when complete will describe over 20,000 plant species. It was orchestrated by Alison McCusker.
Udenafil
The drug udenafil is marketed under the trade name Zydena. It is within the PDE5 inhibitor class (which also includes avanafil, sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil).  Like other PDE5 inhibitors, it is used to treat erectile dysfunction. Udenafil was developed by Dong-A Pharmaceutical. It has fairly rapid onset of action (peak plasma concentration after 1 to 1.5 hours), and has long duration of action (plasma half-life of 11 to 13 hours). Udenafil's pharmacokinetics allows once-daily dosage (in addition to on-demand use). Typical doses are 100 and 200 mg. Udenafil is available in Korea, Russia, and the Philippines. It has not yet been approved for use in the United States by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon 'drug' and kinetikos 'moving, putting in motion'; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to describing how the body affects a specific substance after administration. The substances of interest include any chemical xenobiotics such as pharmaceutical drugs, pesticides, food additives, cosmetics, etc. PK attempts to analyze chemical metabolism and discover the fate of a chemical from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body. PK is based on mathematical modeling that places great emphasis on the relationship between drug plasma concentration and the time elapsed since the drug's administration. Pharmacokinetics is the study of how an organism affects the drug, whereas pharmacodynamics (PD) is the study of how the drug affects the organism. Both together influence dosing, benefit, and adverse effects, as seen in PK/PD models.
Adolphe Franconi
Henri Adolphe Franconi (1801 – 2 November 1855) was a French playwright and circus performer.

A grandson of Antonio Franconi and son of Henri Franconi, he succeeded him in 1827 as managing director of the Cirque-Olympique. He specialized in training horses. In 1835, he forged an association with Louis Dejean in order to establish a circus tent on the Champs-Élysées, at the Carré Marigny.

He died of a heart attack at the Cirque-Olympique in 1855.

Champs-Élysées
The Avenue des Champs-Élysées (UK: /ˌʃɒ̃z eɪˈliːzeɪ, ɛ-/, US: /ʃɒ̃z ˌeɪliˈzeɪ/; French: [av(ə)ny de ʃɑ̃z‿elize] ⓘ), usually shortened to the Champs-Élysées, is an avenue in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France. The avenue is 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) long and 70 metres (230 ft) wide, running between the Place de la Concorde in the east and the Place Charles de Gaulle in the west, where the Arc de Triomphe is located. It is known for its theatres, cafés, and luxury shops; as the finish of the Tour de France cycling race; and for its annual Bastille Day military parade.

The name is French for the Elysian Fields, the place for dead heroes in Greek mythology. It has been described as the "most beautiful avenue in the whole world".
Sri Aji Kresna Kepakisan
Sri Aji Kresna Kepakisan, also known as Ida Dalem Wawu Rauh or Ida Dalem Ketut Kresna Kepakisan, was a king and the founder of the Kepakisan Dynasty in Bali. He served as a vassal king under the Majapahit Empire and ruled the island of Bali from 1352 to 1380 AD. He was the son of Sri Wang Bang Kepakisan and the great-grandson of Mpu Tantular, the author of the Sutasoma text.

Blambangan Kingdom
The Blambangan Kingdom (Indonesian: Kerajaan Blambangan, Javanese: ꦑꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦨ꧀ꦭꦩ꧀ꦧꦔꦤ꧀ ) was the last Javanese Hindu kingdom that flourished between the 15th and 18th centuries, based in the eastern corner of Java. The capital was at Banyuwangi. It had a long history of its own, developing contemporaneously with the largest Hindu kingdom in Java, Majapahit (1293–1527). At the time of the collapse of Majapahit in the late fifteenth century, Blambangan stood on its own as the one solitary Hindu state left in Java, controlling the larger part of Java’s Oosthoek.

The historical record and the study of the Blambangan Kingdom are scarce, which contributed to the obscurity of its history. Contemporary Javanese mostly know the kingdom through its link to the popular epic folklore, the legend of Damarwulan and Menak Jingga. The fictional story which is set in the Majapahit period, told that the rebellious King of Blambangan named Menak Jingga desired the hand of Majapahit Queen Kencanawungu.
Hobble (device)
A hobble (also, and perhaps earlier, hopple), or spancel, is a device which prevents or limits the locomotion of an animal, by tethering one or more legs.  Although hobbles are most commonly used on horses, they are also sometimes used on other animals.  On dogs, they are used especially during force-fetch training to limit the movement of a dog's front paws when training it to stay still. They are made from leather, rope, or synthetic materials such as nylon or neoprene. There are various designs for breeding, casting (causing a horse or other large animal to lie down with its legs underneath it), and mounting horses.

Leather
Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs, ostriches, and aquatic animals such as seals and alligators.

Leather can be used to make a variety of items, including clothing, footwear, handbags, furniture, tools and sports equipment, and lasts for decades. Leather making has been practiced for more than 7,000 years and the leading producers of leather today are China and India.

Critics of tanneries claim that they engage in unsustainable practices that pose health hazards to the people and the environment near them.
Maynooth College Act 1795
The Maynooth College Act 1795 (35 Geo. 3. c. 21 (I)) was an act of the Parliament of Ireland that established and arranged the funding for St Patrick's College, Maynooth as Ireland's Catholic seminary.

Irish Catholic priests had traditionally been educated on the Continent in seminaries but in the aftermath of the French Revolution and during its ensuing wars many of these seminaries were either closed down or became inaccessible. Bishops were also worried that students on the Continent might become exposed to the "contagion of sedition and infidelity". The Dublin Castle administration had supported the passage of the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1793 but was opposed to full Catholic emancipation.

Dublin Castle administration
The Dublin Castle administration was the central executive government of Ireland under English, and later British, rule from the Middle Ages until the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922. The name comes from Dublin Castle, which served as the administrative and ceremonial heart of British authority in Ireland. "Dublin Castle" is used metonymically to describe British rule in Ireland, particularly the executive and civil service that governed through the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and senior officials such as the Chief Secretary for Ireland and Under-Secretary for Ireland.

The administration operated alongside the Parliament of Ireland (which existed until 1801) and the Privy Council of Ireland, implementing policies and managing patronage, taxation, and the civil service. Over time, the Chief Secretary for Ireland became the key political manager, while the Lord Lieutenant largely served a ceremonial and representative role.
429th Brigade Support Battalion
The 429th Brigade Support Battalion (429th BSB) is a combat service support battalion of the United States Army and the Virginia National Guard. It is part of the 116th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, Virginia Army National Guard.

The 429th BSB draws its heritage and history from the 246th Field Artillery, a Field Artillery Branch regiment active from 1959 to 2005. In turn, the 246th FA drew its history from the 246th Coast Artillery, a Coast Artillery Corps regiment in the Virginia National Guard. It garrisoned the Harbor Defenses of Chesapeake Bay (HD Chesapeake), Virginia 1924–1944.

Combat service support
The term combat service support (or CSS) is utilized by numerous military organizations throughout the world to describe entities that provide direct and indirect sustainment services to the groups that engage (or are potentially to be engaged) in combat.
Philosophy of matter
Philosophy of matter is the branch of philosophy concerned with issues surrounding the ontology, epistemology and character of matter and the material world. The word matter is derived from the Latin word materia, meaning 'wood', or 'timber', in the sense 'material', as distinct from 'mind' or 'form'. The image of wood came to Latin as a calque from the ancient Greek philosophical usage of hyle (ὕλη).

Hylomorphism
Hylomorphism is a philosophical doctrine developed by the Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, which conceives every physical entity or being (ousia) as a compound of matter (potency) and immaterial form (act), with the generic form as immanently real within the individual. The word is a 19th-century term formed from the Greek words ὕλη (hyle: "wood, matter") and μορφή (morphē: "form"). Hylomorphic theories of physical entities have been undergoing a revival in contemporary philosophy.