hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German submarine U-464
German submarine U-464 was a Type XIV supply and replenishment U-boat ("Milchkuh") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

Her keel was laid down on 18 March 1941, by Deutsche Werke in Kiel as yard number 295. She was launched on 20 December 1941 and commissioned on 30 April 1942 with Kapitänleutnant Otto Harms in command. He remained in charge for her entire career.

The boat began her service life training in the 4th U-boat Flotilla before moving on to the 10th flotilla for operations.

4th U-boat Flotilla
The 4th U-boat Flotilla (German 4. Unterseebootsflottille) was formed in May 1941 in Stettin under the command of Kapitänleutnant Werner Jacobsen. Nearly 300 boats received their basic training here. It was disbanded in May 1945.
Meronothite
A Meronothite was the name given to a biblical person from Meronoth. There are only two mentions of them in the bible: Jehdeiah and Jadon. Although Nehemiah 3:7 seems to suggest that Meronoth was close to Gibeon and Mizpah, Mizpah is a doubtful reading. Grollenberg identified it as Beitûniyeh, NW of Gibeon, following earlier studies.

Gibeon (ancient city)
Gibeon (Hebrew: גִּבְעוֹן‎, romanized: Giḇəʻōn; Ancient Greek: Γαβαων, romanized: Gabaōn) was a Canaanite and later an Israelite city, which was located north of Jerusalem. According to Joshua 11:19, the pre-Israelite-conquest inhabitants, the Gibeonites, were Hivites; according to 2 Samuel 21:2, they were Amorites, there can be also expected that they were a mingled people, since the city of Jerusalem (whose king discovered the aliance in the narrative of the book of Joshua Joshua 10:1) has her nativity disclosed in Ezekiel 16:3. The remains of Gibeon are located in the southern portion of the Arab-majority village of al-Jib in Area C of the West Bank.
Balurghat High School
Balurghat High School is a higher secondary school for boys & for girls (for class 11 & 12 only) situated at the Ward no. 11 of Balurghat Municipality in  Dakshin Dinajpur of West Bengal. Balurghat High School was established in 1907 and it is one of the oldest schools in India.

Higher Secondary Certificate
Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC), Higher Secondary School Certificate, Higher Secondary Education Certificate (HSEC) or Intermediate Examination is a secondary education qualification in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. It is equivalent to the final year of high school in the United States and A level in the United Kingdom.
Corinne, Saskatchewan
Corinne is an unincorporated community in Rural Municipality of Bratt's Lake No. 129, Saskatchewan, Canada. The community is located at the intersections of Highways 6, 39, and 334 about 11 kilometres (7 mi) northwest of Milestone.

Milestone, Saskatchewan
Milestone is a town in southeast Saskatchewan, Canada, on Highway 39. The town was named after C. W. Milestone (superintendent of  the New Soo Line) in 1893. The town serves as a service centre for the neighbouring countryside with the area's economy dominated by agriculture.

Two churches offer services — Milestone Alliance Church and The Lighthouse Church.
Other facilities provided within the town include a public pool, campground, ice rink and various shops and services.
Sombacour
Sombacour (French pronunciation: [sɔ̃bakuʁ]) is a former commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. It merged with Bians-les-Usiers and Goux-les-Usiers to form the new commune of Val-d'Usiers on 1 January 2024.

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (French pronunciation: [buʁɡɔɲ fʁɑ̃ʃ kɔ̃te] ⓘ; lit. 'Burgundy-Free County', sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: Borgogne-Franche-Comtât) is a region in northeastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region came into existence on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections of December 2015, electing 100 members to the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region covers an area of 47,783 km2 (18,449 sq mi) and eight departments; it had a population of 2,811,423 in 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Dijon, although the regional council sits in Besançon, making Bourgogne-Franche-Comté one of two regions in France (along with Normandy) in which the prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council.
166th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
The 166th Infantry Division (German: 166. Infanterie-Division) was an infantry division of the German Heer during World War II. The unit, at times designated Commander of Reserve Troops 2 of Wehrkreis VI

German: Kommandeur der Ersatztruppen 2 des Wehrkreis VI), 166th Division (German: 166. Division), Division No. 166 (German: Division Nr. 166), and 166th Reserve Division (German: 166. Reserve-Division), was active between 1939 and 1945.

Herford
Herford (German: [ˈhɛʁfɔʁt] ⓘ; Low German: Hiarwede) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the lowlands between the hill chains of the Wiehen Hills and the Teutoburg Forest. It is situated in the cultural region of Ostwestfalen-Lippe (OWL) and the administrative region of Detmold. It is the capital of the district (Landkreis) of Herford.
Lope and Antilope
Lope and Antilope is the fourth studio album by the Bristol based jazz rock quartet Get the Blessing, released in 2014.

The album was recorded in a pottery workshop in Pembrokeshire, a change sought by the band to escape the conventional recording process.  Recording began with no songs written, thus the band mostly improvised over a period of four days.

Improvisation
Improvisation or improvization (often shortened to improv) is the activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand, using whatever can be found. The origin of the word itself is in the Latin "improvisus", which literally means un-foreseen. Improvisation in the performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific or scripted preparation. The skills of improvisation can apply to many different faculties across all artistic, scientific, physical, cognitive, academic, and non-academic disciplines; see Applied improvisation.
Imko Binnerts
Imko Binnerts can refer to

Imko Binnerts - head chef, formerly been awarded a Michelin star for the restaurants Excelsior, Imko's and Imko Binnerts (restaurant)

Imko Binnerts (restaurant) - former Michelin starred restaurant

Imko's
Restaurant Imko's is a defunct restaurant in IJmuiden, Netherlands. It was a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in 1999 and retained that rating until 2003. Due to deterioration of the port area where the restaurant started suffering. Owner Imko Binnerts tried to sell the restaurant in 2003 but failed, seeing the restaurant go bankrupt in 2004. The building itself was demolished in 2007.

Owner and head chef of the restaurant was Imko Binnerts. He is a chef specializing in fresh fish and seafood.
Low anterior resection syndrome
Low anterior resection syndrome is a complication of lower anterior resection, a type of surgery performed to remove the rectum, typically for rectal cancer. It is characterized by changes to bowel function that affect quality of life, and includes symptoms such as fecal incontinence, incomplete defecation or the sensation of incomplete defecation (rectal tenesmus), obstructed defecation, changes in stool frequency or consistency, unpredictable bowel function, and painful defecation (dyschezia). Treatment options include symptom management, such as use of enemas, or surgical management, such as creation of a colostomy.

Colostomy
A colostomy is an opening (stoma) in the large intestine (colon), or the surgical procedure that creates one. The opening is formed by drawing the healthy end of the colon through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall and suturing it into place. This opening, often in conjunction with an attached ostomy system, provides an alternative channel for feces to leave the body. Thus if the natural anus is unavailable for that function (for example, in cases where it has been removed as part of treatment for colorectal cancer or ulcerative colitis), an artificial anus takes over. It may be reversible or irreversible, depending on the circumstances.
Mary G. Bryan
Mary Givens Bryan (September 3, 1910 – July 28, 1964) was an American archivist and the director of the Georgia Department of Archives and History.

Bryan was born in La Grange, Georgia in 1910, and raised in Decatur outside of Atlanta. She attended Emory University and the Women's College of Georgia before joining the staff of the Department of Archives and History, where she worked her way from the position of clerk to director and state archivist over the course of a thirty-year career. During her tenure as director she advocated for the construction of a state archives building, which was completed a year after her death in October 1965.

Bryan was an active member of the Society of American Archivists, serving as a member of Council (1957–1958) and as president of the organization (1959–1960).

In 2021 Bryan was added to the Georgia Women of Achievement hall of fame.

Georgia Archives
33°35′48″N 84°20′13″W﻿ / ﻿33.596755°N 84.336939°W﻿ / 33.596755; -84.336939

The Georgia Archives is the official repository of archival records for the U.S. state of Georgia, located in Morrow. Together, the Georgia Archives and the Georgia Capitol Museum form the Georgia Division of Archives and History, part of the office of the Georgia Secretary of State. The primary purpose of the Georgia Archives is to identify which state agency records are worth preserving for hundreds of years, transfer those records to the archives, protect them, and make them available to people who need them. In addition, the archives help state agencies and local governments manage active records and store the inactive records of state government in the State Records Center.
Oak Bay, British Columbia
Oak Bay is a municipality incorporated in 1906 that is located on the southern tip of Vancouver Island, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is one of thirteen member municipalities of the Capital Regional District, and is bordered to the west by the city of Victoria and to the north by the district of Saanich. It is a residential suburb of Victoria.

Cinematograph Films Act 1927
The Cinematograph Films Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 29) was an act of the UK Parliament designed to stimulate the declining British film industry. It received royal assent on 22 December 1927 and came into force on 1 April 1928.
Csaba Madar
Csaba Madar (born 8 October 1974) is a Hungarian former football player who last played for Báránd. He signed with them on 31 May 2005.

He was in the Hungary national team at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, where Hungary failed to progress from the group stage.

He previously played for Debreceni VSC, MTK Hungária FC, Nyíregyháza Spartacus, REAC and Hajdúszoboszló.

Nyíregyháza Spartacus FC
Nyíregyháza Spartacus is a professional football club from Nyíregyháza, Hungary. Formed in 1928, it has had brief stints in the Nemzeti Bajnokság III. It set to play in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I from 2024–25 after promotion from Nemzeti Bajnokság II in 2023–24. The team is locally referred to by its monicker, Szpari. Its games take place in Városi Stadion, in the city sport complex just north of the downtown.
SuperBrawl IX
SuperBrawl IX was the ninth SuperBrawl professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). The event took place on February 21, 1999 from the Oakland Arena in Oakland, California.

Ten matches were contested at the event. In the main event, Hollywood Hogan retained his WCW World Heavyweight Championship against Ric Flair. In other prominent matches, Goldberg defeated Bam Bam Bigelow, Scott Hall defeated Roddy Piper to win the WCW United States Heavyweight Championship, The Outsiders (Hall and Kevin Nash) defeated Konnan and Rey Misterio Jr. in a Hair vs. Mask match, and Curt Henning and Barry Windham defeated The Four Horsemen (Chris Benoit and Dean Malenko) in a sudden death tournament final for the vacant WCW World Tag Team Championship.

WCW Thunder
WCW Thunder, or simply Thunder, is an American professional wrestling show produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW) which aired on TBS from January 8, 1998 to March 21, 2001.

The popularity of WCW in 1996 and 1997 allowed for the creation of a new show, which became WCW Thunder. Thunder was taped on Tuesday nights and then aired on Thursday, a change for WCW as producer Eric Bischoff was very keen on its primary show WCW Monday Nitro being aired live every week.

The rights to WCW Thunder now belong to WWE, who purchased WCW properties in 2001. The trademark for "WCW Thunder" was renewed by WWE in 2018. As of June 30, 2023, all 156 episodes of Thunder are available to stream on the WWE Network and Peacock. In 2025, WWE started uploading episodes to a WCW YouTube Channel.
Duncan Steel
Duncan I. Steel (born 1955) is a British space scientist. He has discovered several minor planets and has written four popular science books. He is a member of the International Astronomical Union, and has worked at the Xerra Earth Observation Institute in Nelson, in the South Island of New Zealand. He was formerly on the staff of the University of Salford in the United Kingdom. Steel completed a PhD at the University of Canterbury in 1984 with a thesis on the orbital characteristics of meteoroids.

Between 1990 and 1994 he discovered twelve numbered minor planets. The asteroid 4713 Steel, discovered by Robert McNaught in 1989, is named after him.

In August 2022 Steel pleaded guilty to burglary and breaching the New Zealand Harmful Digital Communications Act. He was sentenced to 12 months' house arrest and ordered to pay $3000 in reparation for emotional harm.

University of Salford
The University of Salford is a public research university located in Salford, Greater Manchester, England, 1 mile (1.6 kilometres) west of Manchester city centre. The Royal Technical Institute, Salford, which opened in 1896, became a College of Advanced Technology in 1956 and gained university status in 1967, following the Robbins Report into higher education.

It has 26,155 students (2023/24) and is in 160 acres (65 hectares) of parkland on the banks of the River Irwell.
A Jack in Office
A Jack in Office is an 1833 oil painting by the British artist Edwin Landseer. The title is a reference to a slang term of the era for a pompous, petty official. It depicts the barrow of a salesman of dog meat who has temporary left it in an alleyway guarded by a Jack Russell Terrier who faces down four other dogs who hope by trickery or force to get their hands on the meat..

The work was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1833 at Somerset House in London along with another notable Landseer work The Hunted Stag. It was enormously popular with the public.

Today the painting is in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington having been acquired through the 
gift of the art collector John Sheepshanks in 1857.

Somerset House
Somerset House is a large neoclassical building complex situated on the south side of the Strand in central London, overlooking the River Thames, just east of Waterloo Bridge. The Georgian era quadrangle is built on the site of a Tudor palace ("Old Somerset House") originally belonging to the Duke of Somerset. The present Somerset House was designed by Sir William Chambers, begun in 1776, and was further extended with Victorian era outer wings to the east and west in 1831 and 1856 respectively. The site of Somerset House stood directly on the River Thames until the Victoria Embankment was built in the late 1860s.

The great Georgian era structure was built to be a grand public building housing various government and public-benefit society offices. Its present tenants are a mixture of various organisations, generally centred around the arts and education.
Arkhara
Arkhara (Russian: Архара́) is an Urban-type settlement and the administrative center of the Arkharinsky District in Amur Oblast, Russia. It is located at the junction of the Transbaikal Railway and the Far Eastern Railway. The Arkhara River flows near the town. Population:  9,585 (2010 Census); 10,847 (2002 Census);

Transbaikal Railway
The Transbaikal Railway (Забайкальская железная дорога) is a subsidiary of the Russian Railways headquartered in Chita and serving Zabaykalsky Krai and Amur Oblast. The mainline was built between 1895 and 1905 as part of the Trans-Siberian Railway. It bordered the Circum-Baikal Railway on the west and the Chinese Eastern Railway on the east. The railway bore the name of Vyacheslav Molotov between 1936 and 1943. The Amur Railway became part of the network in 1959. As of 2009, the railway employs 46,741 people; its route length totals 3336,1 km.
23S rRNA (uracil747-C5)-methyltransferase
23S rRNA (uracil747-C5)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.189, YbjF, RumB, RNA uridine methyltransferase B) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:23S rRNA (uracil747-C5)-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + uracil747 in 23S rRNA  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methyluracil747 in 23S rRNA

The enzyme specifically methylates uracil747 at C5 in 23S rRNA.

Thymine
Thymine (/ˈθaɪmiːn/) (symbol T or Thy) is one of the four nucleotide bases in the nucleic acid of DNA that are represented by the letters G–C–A–T. The others are adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Thymine is also known as 5-methyluracil, a pyrimidine nucleobase. In RNA, thymine is replaced by the nucleobase uracil.  Thymine was first isolated in 1893 by Albrecht Kossel and Albert Neumann from calf thymus glands, hence its name.
Science Exchange (company)
Science Exchange is a cloud-based software company offering an R&D marketplace to buy and sell scientific services. The marketplace gives life sciences companies access to the outsourced research they need and the platform fully automates R&D outsourcing from source to pay. Commercial contract research organizations (CROs) and academic core facilities can sell their products and services directly through the marketplace.

Science Exchange's enterprise clients include top pharma and emerging biotechnology companies, including Merck, Amgen, Gilead Sciences, Astellas Pharma, AbbVie, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals.

Science Exchange was founded in 2011 by Elizabeth Iorns, Ryan Abbott, and Dan Knox, taking part in the startup accelerator program Y Combinator in the summer of 2011.

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is an American biotechnology company headquartered in Westchester County, New York. The company was founded in 1988.  Originally focused on neurotrophic factors and their regenerative capabilities, giving rise to its present name; the company has since expanded operations into the study of both cytokine and tyrosine kinase receptors, which gave rise to their first product, which is a VEGF-trap.
Cdrdao
cdrdao (“CD recorder disc-at-once”) is a free and open source utility software application for authoring and ripping of audio and data CD-ROMs. It is licensed under GPL-2.0 or Later.  The application is available for several operating systems, including Linux, Windows, and macOS, and was reported to work on other operating Unix-based operating systems.

cdrdao runs from command line and has no graphical user interface. Several programs for authoring and writing CDs depend on cdrdao and provide a GUI, such as Brasero, K3b. cdrdao powers Brasero, the default CD application for the GNOME desktop until around 2013.

GNOME
GNOME (/ɡəˈnoʊm, ˈnoʊm/) is a free and open-source desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. It is distributed as the default desktop environment of many major Linux distributions, including Debian, Fedora Linux, Ubuntu, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and SUSE Linux Enterprise, and is the default in Oracle Solaris, a Unix operating system.

GNOME is developed by the GNOME Project, which is composed of both volunteers and paid contributors, the largest corporate contributor being Red Hat. It is an international project that aims to develop frameworks for software development, to program end-user applications based on these frameworks, and to coordinate efforts for the internationalization, localization, and accessibility of that software.

In 2023 and 2024, GNOME received €1,000,000 from Germany's Sovereign Tech Fund.
Watkins Glen Commercial Historic District
Watkins Glen Commercial Historic District is a national historic district located at Watkins Glen in Schuyler County, New York.  It encompasses 33 contributing buildings in the central business district of Watkins Glen. It developed between about 1844 and 1939 and includes notable examples of Greek Revival, Italianate, Classical Revival, Colonial Revival, Second Empire and Romanesque Revival style architecture.  Notable buildings include the Watkins Glen Municipal Building (1939), Watkins Glen Fire Station (1935), Watkins State Bank (1911), Hotel Kendall (1891), Haring Building (1844), former Watkins Post Office (1905), Freer Opera House (c. 1860), and the Durand Block (1897).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Schuyler County, New York
Schuyler County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,898, making it the second-least populous county in New York. The county seat is the village of Watkins Glen. The name is in honor of General Philip Schuyler, one of the four major generals in the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.
Martin Petzoldt
Martin Petzoldt (13 April 1946 – 13 March 2015) was a German Lutheran theologian, Bach scholar and academic teacher. He was a professor at the University of Leipzig and president of the Neue Bachgesellschaft.

Christoph Wolff
Christoph Wolff (born 24 May 1940) is a German musicologist. He is best known for his works on the music, life, and period of Johann Sebastian Bach. Christoph Wolff is an emeritus professor of Harvard University, and was part of the faculty since 1976, and former director of the Bach Archive in Leipzig from 2001 to 2014.
Namosi (Fijian Communal Constituency, Fiji)
Namosi Fijian Provincial Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 23 communal constituencies reserved for indigenous Fijians. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 48 seats, 23 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage). The electorate was coextensive with Namosi Province.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

2013 Constitution of Fiji
The 2013 Constitution of Fiji is the fourth constitution of Fiji, signed into law by President Ratu Epeli Nailatikau on 6 September 2013, coming into effect immediately. It is the first to eliminate race-based electoral rolls, race-based seat quotas, district-based representation, the unelected upper chamber, and the role of the hereditary Council of Chiefs. It vests sole legislative authority in a single-chamber, 50-seat, at-large Parliament, to be first convened following general elections in 2014. It is also the first ever to grant the right to multiple citizenship (in effect since 2009 by decree, on abrogation of the 1997 constitution), and lowers the voting age to 18.