hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
East Tanfield
East Tanfield is a civil parish in North Yorkshire, England.  There is no modern village in the parish, and the population was estimated at 30 in 2013.  The deserted medieval village of East Tanfield lies near Manor Farm on the banks of the River Ure.

East Tanfield was mentioned in the Domesday Book, when it was in the possession of Count Alan of Brittany. It was a prosperous community in the medieval period, but appears to have been deserted in the 16th century.

East Tanfield was historically a township in the ancient parish of Kirklington in the North Riding of Yorkshire.  It became a separate civil parish in 1866.  It was transferred to the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire in 1974. Richmondshire was abolished in 2023 and a new unitary authority, North Yorkshire Council, replaced it.

The parish shares a grouped parish council, Tanfield Parish Council, with the much larger parish of West Tanfield.

Richmondshire
Richmondshire was a local government district of North Yorkshire, England, from 1974 to 2023. It covered a large northern area of the Yorkshire Dales including Swaledale and Arkengarthdale, Wensleydale and Coverdale, with the prominent Scot's Dyke and Scotch Corner along the centre. Teesdale lay to the north. With a total area of 1,319 km2, it was larger than seven of the English ceremonial counties (namely, in decreasing order of size, the West Midlands, Merseyside, Tyne & Wear, Rutland, the Isle of Wight, Bristol, and the City of London).
Kabelo Kgosiemang
Kabelo Kgosiemang (born 7 January 1986) is a high jumper from Botswana. He has won the high jump at the African Championships in Athletics on five consecutive occasions. His personal best, also the current national record of Botswana, was set in winning the 2008 African Championships in Athletics.

2008 African Championships in Athletics
The 16th African Championships in Athletics was held in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia, from April 30 to May 4, 2008. The competition venue was the Addis Ababa Stadium. It is the largest Athletics event held in Ethiopia to date. It was the first time in its then 29-year history the African Championships in Athletics were held in Eastern Africa, despite the region's well-documented success in long-distance running.

In the men's 100 m, Nigerians Olusoji Fasuba and Uchenna Emedolu repeated the places from the 2006 edition. On April 30, there was a 35-minute delay to the men's 10,000 metres due to weather, but the Ethiopians dominated the podium and the race, with the missed absence of world champion Kenenisa Bekele.
Claire Callender
Claire Callender OBE (April 1954 – 15 April 2025) was a British academic who was Professor of Higher Education Studies, UCL Institute of Education, University of London, from 2010, and founding deputy director of the Centre for Global Higher Education (CGHE).

UCL Institute of Education
The UCL Institute of Education (IOE) is the faculty of education and society of University College London (UCL). It specialises in postgraduate study and research in the field of education and is one of UCL's 11 constituent faculties. Prior to merging with UCL in 2014, it was a constituent college of the University of London. The IOE is ranked first in the world for education in the QS World University Rankings, and has been so every year since 2014.

The IOE is the largest education research body in the United Kingdom, with over 700 research students in the doctoral school. It also has the largest portfolio of postgraduate programmes in education in the UK, with approximately 4,000 students taking Master's programmes, and a further 1,200 students on PGCE teacher-training courses. At any one time the IOE hosts over 100 research projects funded by Research Councils, government departments and other agencies.
Dalbergioids
The dalbergioids are an early-branching monophyletic clade of the flowering plant subfamily Faboideae or Papilionaceae. They are pantropical, particularly being found in the neotropics and sub-Saharan Africa. This clade is consistently resolved as monophyletic in molecular phylogenetic analyses. It is estimated to have arisen 55.3 ± 0.5 million years ago (in the Eocene). A node-based definition for the dalbergioids is: "The least inclusive crown clade that contains Amorpha fruticosa L. 1753 and Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC. 1825." Indehiscent pods may be a morphological synapomorphy for the clade.

Amorpha fruticosa
Amorpha fruticosa is a species of flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae, known by several common names, including desert false indigo, false indigo-bush, and bastard indigobush. It is native to North America.
Margaret Martonosi
Margaret Rose Martonosi is an American computer scientist who is currently the Hugh Trumbull Adams '35 Professor of Computer Science at Princeton University. Martonosi is noted for her research in computer architecture and mobile computing with a particular focus on power-efficiency.

She is also noted for her leadership in broadening participation in computing. She was co-chair of the CRA-W Board from 2016-2017. From 2016 to 2022, she was an Andrew Dickson White professor-at-large at Cornell University.

On September 23, 2019, the National Science Foundation announced that Martonosi had been selected to serve as head of the Directorate for Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE) at NSF. She served from February 1, 2020 through December 2023.

Computer architecture
In computer science and computer engineering, a computer architecture is the structure of a computer system made from component parts. It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation. At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design, and implementation.
Icefall Peak
Icefall Peak is a 3,195-metre (10,482-foot) mountain summit located in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. Icefall Peak is situated on the Bush Mountain massif, and the nearest higher neighbor is Rostrum Peak, 2 km (1.2 mi) to the south-southeast. The peak was named in 1918 by the Interprovincial Boundary Survey for an icefall on its eastern flank, and was officially adopted in 1924 when approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. The first ascent of the mountain was made in 1954 by S.B. Hendricks, D. Hubbard, Dr. and Mrs. E.K. Karcher, and A.E. Peterson.

Icefall
An icefall is a portion of certain glaciers characterized by relatively rapid flow and chaotic crevassed surface, caused in part by gravity. The term icefall is formed by analogy with the word waterfall, which is a similar phenomenon of the liquid phase but at a more spectacular speed. When ice movement of a glacier is faster than elsewhere, because the glacier bed steepens or narrows, and the flow cannot be accommodated by plastic deformation, the ice fractures, forming crevasses. Where two fractures meet, seracs (or ice towers) can be formed. When the movement of the ice slows down, the crevasses can coalesce, resulting in the surface of the glacier becoming smoother.
Anne-Marie-Francoise de Sainte-Hermine
Anne-Marie-Francoise de Sainte-Hermine (1670 – 1734), was a French court official.  She served as the dame d'atour to Françoise Marie de Bourbon from 1692 to 1696, to Marie Adélaïde de Savoy from 1697 to 1712, and to queen Marie Leszczyńska from 1725 to 1731.  She was a central figure in the French royal court and mentioned in contemporary memoirs.

She was the daughter of Hélie de Sainte-Hermine, seigneur de La Laigne et du Roseau, and Anne-Madeleine de Valois de Villette, and was married, in 1687, to Louis de Mailly (1663-1699). She was the mother of Françoise de Mazarin and the grandmother of the famous Nesle sisters, royal mistresses to Louis XV.

Marie Leszczyńska
Marie Leczinska (born Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska; 23 June 1703 – 24 June 1768) was Queen of France as the wife of King Louis XV from their marriage on 4 September 1725 until her death in 1768. The daughter of Stanislaus I Leszczyński, the deposed King of Poland, and Catherine Opalińska, her 42-years and 9 months service was the longest of any queen in French history. A devout Catholic throughout her life, Marie was popular among the French people for her numerous charitable works and introduced many Polish customs to the royal court at Versailles. She was the grandmother of the French kings Louis XVI, Louis XVIII and Charles X.
Kasungu North East Constituency
Kasungu North East Constituency is a constituency for the National Assembly of Malawi, located in the Kasungu District of Malawi's Central Region.

It is one of several constituencies in Kasungu District. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system. The constituency has multiple wards, all electing councilors for the Kasungu District Council. The constituency is currently represented by MP Madalitso Wirima Kambauwa of the MCP.

Kasungu District
Kasungu is a district in the Central Region of Malawi. The capital is Kasungu. The district covers an area of 7,878 km², borders Zambia and has a population of 842,953.

Kasungu was the home to Malawi's first president, Dr. Hastings Kamuzu Banda.
St Aloysius Convent girls dormitory, Toodyay
St Aloysius Convent of Mercy classrooms and girls dormitory (fmr) is located on Stirling Terrace in Toodyay, Western Australia. This building is a part of the complex the Sisters of Mercy built to provide accommodation and a school.
William Thomas Clark built the single storey building, tendering £4,444 for the job in 1928. Mr. Edgar Le B. Henderson of Perth was the architect.  It accommodated 35 girls and was strong enough to carry another storey if required.  Patrick Clune, Lord Archbishop of Perth, opened the building on 12 May 1929.  As well as providing accommodation for the girl boarders along with a night study area and rooms for the sisters in charge,  the premises were used annually for the Convent Ball.

The building is constructed of red brick and red corrugated iron, and has decorative cement render and timber framed windows.

Sisters of Mercy
The Sisters of Mercy is a religious institute for women in the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1831 in Dublin, Ireland, by Catherine McAuley. In 2019, the institute had about 6,200 sisters worldwide, organized into a number of independent congregations. Notable achievements include the foundation of education and health care facilities around the world.
2007 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed doubles
Jamie Murray and Jelena Janković defeated Jonas Björkman and Alicia Molik in the final, 6–4, 3–6, 6–1 to win the mixed doubles tennis title at the 2007 Wimbledon Championships. Murray became the first British champion of a senior Wimbledon title since Jeremy Bates and Jo Durie won the same title in 1987. This was the first and only major title won by Janković in her career, and she became the first Serbian woman to win a major title.

Andy Ram and Vera Zvonareva were the reigning champions, but Zvonareva did not compete. Ram partnered Nathalie Dechy, but lost in the third round to Marcin Matkowski and Cara Black.

Jeremy Bates (tennis)
Michael Jeremy Bates (born 19 June 1962) is a British former professional tennis player. He was ranked UK number 1 in 1987 and from 1989 to 1994. He reached a career-high ATP world ranking of 54 from 17 April 1995 to 23 April 1995.

During his career Bates won two Grand Slam mixed doubles titles, at Wimbledon in 1987 and the Australian Open in 1991, partnering his fellow British player Jo Durie. He also won one top-level singles title and three men's doubles titles on the professional circuit. After retiring as a player, Bates served as the captain of Britain's Davis Cup team from 2004 to 2006.
Al-Sawda and Al Issa Wahi
Al-Sawda and Al Issa Wahi (Arabic: السوداء وال عيسى وحي) is a sub-district located in the Al Bayda District, Al Bayda Governorate, Yemen. Al-Sawda and Al Issa Wahi had a population of 3851 according to the 2004 census.

Al-Bayda Governorate
Al Bayda Governorate (Arabic: مُحَافَظَة ٱلْبَيْضَاء Muḥāfaẓat Al-Bayḍāʾ), also spelt Al-Baidhah or Beida, is one of the governorates (muhafazat) of Yemen. It is located near the centre of the country, around the town of Al Bayda. Its population, according to the 2004 Yemeni census, was 571,778. In 2011, the population was estimated to be 895,000.
Janis Oldham
Janis Marie Oldham (March 31, 1956 – July 14, 2021) was an American mathematician specializing in differential geometry and mathematics education and known for her efforts in mentoring mathematics students, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds.

Mathematics education
In contemporary education, mathematics education (known in Europe as the didactics or pedagogy of mathematics) is the practice of teaching, learning, and carrying out scholarly research into the transfer of mathematical knowledge.

Although research into mathematics education is primarily concerned with the tools, methods, and approaches that facilitate practice or the study of practice, it also covers an extensive field of study encompassing a variety of different concepts, theories and methods. National and international organisations regularly hold conferences and publish literature in order to improve mathematics education.
10 Inversion Roller Coaster
10 Inversion Roller Coaster was a steel roller coaster at Chimelong Paradise amusement park in Guangzhou, Guangdong China. Completed in 2006, 10 Inversion Roller Coaster was the second roller coaster in the world with ten inversions, after Colossus at Thorpe Park, of which it is an exact replica. The ride permanently closed in December 2025.

Steel roller coaster
A steel roller coaster is a type of roller coaster classified by its steel track, which consists of long steel tubes that are run in pairs, supported by larger steel columns or beams. Trains running along the track typically rely on wheels made of polyurethane or nylon to keep each train car anchored to the track. The introduction of tubular steel drastically changed roller coaster innovation, allowing for greater speeds, higher drops, and more intense elements such as inversions.

Arrow Dynamics is credited with inventing tubular steel track and introducing the first modern steel coaster with the opening of Matterhorn Bobsleds at Disneyland in 1959. Older steel-tracked coasters existed previously in a simpler form, such as Little Dipper at Memphis Kiddie Park in Brooklyn, Ohio, which is the oldest operating steel coaster in North America. The oldest in the world is Montaña Suiza at Parque de Atracciones Monte Igueldo (Spain), which has been operating since 1928.
Ekkehard Tichy
Ekkehard Tichy (26 August 1922 – 16 August 1944) was a German fighter ace. A Luftwaffe pilot, he was credited with 25 aerial victories. Tichy was killed on 16 August 1944 after ramming a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress bomber with his Focke-Wulf Fw 190 over Hannoversch Münden, Germany. He was posthumously awarded the Knights Cross on 14 January 1945 and promoted to Hauptmann.

Hann. Münden
Hann. Münden (German pronunciation: [ˈhan ˈmʏndn̩]; short for Hannoversch Münden [haˈnoːfɐʃ ˈmʏndn̩] ⓘ) is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany. Münden lies in the district of Göttingen at the confluence of the Fulda and Werra rivers, which join to form the Weser. It has about 24,000 inhabitants (2013). It is famous for its half-timbered houses, some of them more than 600 years old. There are 10 million cobblestones around the town.
Jarno Salomaa
Jarno Salomaa, also credited as J.S., is a Finnish musician. He formed the funeral doom metal group Shape of Despair in 1995 under the name Raven (not to be confused with the NWOBHM band, Raven). Salomaa's first role was guitars and synth in Raven's Alone in the Mist, the first demo they made, although this demo was not released to the public. Salomaa then proceeded to appear in the first CD produced under the name Shape of Despair called Promo Tape 1998. While not a very grand name, the album contains the well-received songs of Quiet These Paintings Are and its outro entitled Outro.

An ex-member of the Finnish band Rapture, he is also a part of the doom/folk metal band The Mist and the Morning Dew with the roles of acoustic and lead guitars. Salomaa is still member of Shape of Despair and currently appears to have no plans on retirement.

Raven (British band)
Raven are an English heavy metal band, formed in 1974 by the Gallagher brothers, bassist and vocalist John and guitarist Mark. They have released fifteen studio albums to date, and had a hit with the single "On and On". Often referred to as "athletic rock" due to their tendency to wearing sports equipment during live sets, the band gained notoriety as part of the early-to-mid 1980s new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM) scene and is considered to be an influence and inspiration on the development of the thrash metal genre, including "the big four" (Metallica, Slayer, Megadeth and Anthrax), as well as other bands such as Testament, Exodus, Overkill, Kreator, Destruction, Sodom, Onslaught, Death Angel, Flotsam and Jetsam, Coroner, Annihilator, and Razor. Raven are also notable for headlining Metallica's first-ever national tour in 1983.
Kirazpınar, Gebze
Kirazpınar is a neighborhood (mahalle) in the district of Gebze, in the province of Kocaeli, Turkey. Its population is 12,363 (2021).

Kirazpınar is bordered on the east by the Gebze neighborhood of Tavşanlı, on the south by the E80 Highway (the Trans-European Motorway) with the Gebze neighborhoods of Sultan Orhan and Arapçeşme on the other side of the highway, and on the northwest by the Gebze Güzeller Industrial Park (Organize Sanayi Bölgesi) and the Gebze neighborhood of Pelitli. Much of the southeast of the neighborhood is taken up by quarries (Gebze Taş Ocakları).

The area was first settled as a gecekondu neighborhood, but was made an official neighborhood after 2004. The area hosts a large number of automotive firms.

Gebze
Gebze (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈɟebze]), formerly known as Libyssa, is a working-class district and one of the municipalities in Kocaeli Province, Turkey.   Its area is 418 km2, and its population is 407,019 (2022). It is situated 65 km (30 mi) southeast of Istanbul, on the Gulf of Izmit, the eastern arm of the Sea of Marmara. Gebze is the largest district by population size in the province as of 2022, exceeding İzmit, the provincial capital.  Its population consists of a colossal working class, one of the largest in Turkey, as it hosts 10 industrial parks, in which hosts 1,384 companies and over 130,000 people are employed.
Chennai Bangalore Industrial Corridor
The Chennai-Bangalore Industrial Corridor Project is an upcoming mega infrastructure project of Government of India. The corridor plans to come up along Chennai, Sriperumbudur, Ponnapanthangal, Ranipet, Suburbans of Vellore, Chittoor, Bangarupalem, Palamaner, Kuppam, Bangarpet, Hoskote and Bangalore.  It is expected to boost commerce between south India and east Asia by enabling quicker movement of goods from these places to the Chennai and Ennore ports and recently it has been planned to be extended to Coimbatore city of Tamil Nadu and Kochi city of Kerala.

It is one of the five industrial corridors coming up in India under the aegis of National Industrial Corridor Development and Implementation Trust (NICDIT).

Kuppam
Kuppam is a town in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located 125 kilometres from the district headquarters Chittoor,115.8 kilometers south-east of Bangalore, the capital city of Karnataka, and 243 kilometers  west of Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu. It is the headquarters of Kuppam mandal in the Kuppam Revenue Division. The name "Kuppam" means a meeting place or confluence.
Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí
The Churches of the Vall de Boí are a set of nine Early Romanesque churches declared World Heritage Site by UNESCO and located in the Vall de Boí, in the Catalan comarca of Alta Ribagorça (Province of Lleida).

Built between the 11th and 12th centuries, as a group, these churches represent an especially pure and consistent example of pictorial art and architecture in the Lombard Romanesque style and were unusual for the richness of their interior paintings. They are the largest concentration in Europe of Romanesque art and a unique example of 12th century Catalonian cultural traditions.

In the early 20th century, a major effort to study the interior pictorial decoration was undertaken, resulting in their protection in law and their removal to the National Museum of Catalan Art (MNAC) in Barcelona and replacing them with in-situ reproductions.

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Noble Damsel Stakes
The Noble Damsel Stakes is a Listed American Thoroughbred horse race for fillies and mares age three-years-old and older run over a distance of one mile on the turf held annually in October at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York. The event offers a purse of $200,000.

Elmont, New York
Elmont is an unincorporated hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located in northwestern Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, United States, along its border with the borough of Queens in the City of New York. The population was 35,265 at the time of the 2020 census.

The hamlet is famous for Belmont Park which hosts the Belmont Stakes, the third leg of the prestigious Triple Crown of thoroughbred racing. Elmont is also home to UBS Arena, home of the NHL's New York Islanders.

Elmont has tried incorporating itself as a village multiple times, but has been unable to successfully do so.
Lotus, Kentucky
Lotus is an unincorporated community in Bullitt County, Kentucky, United States.

The Eckstein Norton Institute (1890–1912), a private vocational school for African American students, was located in Lotus, when the community was called Cane Spring.

Bullitt County, Kentucky
Bullitt County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 82,217. Its county seat is Shepherdsville. The county was founded in 1796. Located just south of the city of Louisville, Bullitt County is included in the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area, commonly known as Kentuckiana. The western fifth of the county (62 sq. miles/40,000 acres (160 km2)) is part of the United States Army post of Fort Knox and is reserved for military training.
Amos 9
Amos 9 is the ninth and last chapter of the Book of Amos in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. In the Hebrew Bible it is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Amos; in particular, the seventh, eighth, and ninth chapters contain visions and their explanations.

Prophet
In religion, a prophet or prophetess is an individual who is regarded as being in contact with a divine being and is said to be a conduit for that being, serving as an intermediary with humanity by delivering messages or teachings from the supernatural source to other people. The message that the prophet conveys is called a prophecy.

Prophethood has existed in many cultures and religions throughout history, including Mesopotamian religion, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Manichaeism, Islam, the Baháʼí Faith, and Thelema.