hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Five Points: A Journal of Literature and Art
Founded in 1996, Five Points: A Journal of Literature and Art is published three times a year by the Georgia State University, Department of English and co-edited by Megan Sexton and David Bottoms. Each issue features poetry, fiction, essays, and interviews. Five Points is ranked in the top ten magazines in the nation by Every Writer's Resource. Works first published in Five Points have been selected to appear in Best American Short Stories, Best American Poetry, O’Henry Prize Stories, Pushcart Best of the Small Presses, New Stories from the South, Utne Reader, Harper’s, and Poetry Daily. Previous contributors include Richard Bausch, Ann Beattie, Frederick Busch, Edward Hirsch, Barbara Hamby, David Kirby, Philip Levine, Sean Gill, W.S. Merwin, Joyce Carol Oates, Beth Ann Fennelly, Naomi Shihab Nye, Ellen Bryant Voigt, Christine Stewart, Martin Walls, Charles Wright and many others.

Philip Levine (poet)
Philip Levine (January 10, 1928 – February 14, 2015) was an American poet best known for his poems about working-class Detroit. He taught for more than thirty years in the English department of California State University, Fresno and held teaching positions at other universities as well. He served on the Board of Chancellors of the Academy of American Poets from 2000 to 2006, and was appointed Poet Laureate of the United States for 2011–2012.
Ground-effect train
A ground-effect train is a conceptualized alternative to a magnetic levitation (maglev) train. In both cases the objective is to prevent the vehicle from making contact with the ground. Whereas a maglev train accomplishes this through the use of magnetism, a ground-effect train uses an air cushion; either in the manner of a hovercraft (as in hovertrains) or using the wing–in–ground-effect design.

Hovertrain
A hovertrain, also known as tracked hovercraft (UK) or tracked air-cushion vehicle (US), is a vehicle that is suspended on a cushion of air, similar to a hovercraft, but operates on a guideway. Unlike conventional trains, which use steel wheels on steel rails, hovertrains use air-based lifting systems and a smooth paved surface known as the track or guideway. The concept aims to eliminate rolling resistance and allow very high performance, while also simplifying the infrastructure needed to lay new lines. The first hovertrain was developed by Jean Bertin in the early 1960s in France, where they were marketed as the Aérotrain before being abandoned by the French government.
Last Days of Eden
Last Days of Eden is a Spanish symphonic power metal band from Asturias. It was founded in 2013 with members from the power metal band DarkSun. Their music mixes elements from symphonic metal with celtic music using the sound of bagpipes, whistles and flutes, making their sound quite similar to the recent albums of Nightwish.

Celtic music
Celtic music is a broad grouping of music genres that evolved out of the folk music traditions of the Celtic people of Northwestern Europe (the modern Celtic nations). It refers to both orally-transmitted traditional music and recorded music and the styles vary considerably to include everything from traditional music to a wide range of hybrids.
Glyptothorax chimtuipuiensis
Glyptothorax chimtuipuiensis is a species of catfish that was first described by Anganthoibi and Vishwanath 2010. Glyptothorax chimtuipuiensis is a species in genus Glyptothorax, family Sisoridae and order Siluriformes. IUCN categorise the species as insufficiently studied globally. No subspecies are listed in Catalogue of Life.

Catalogue of Life
The Catalogue of Life (CoL) is an online database that provides an index of known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001 as a partnership between the global Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic Information System. The Catalogue is used by research scientists, citizen scientists, educators, and policy makers. The Catalogue is also used by the Biodiversity Heritage Library, the Barcode of Life Data System, Encyclopedia of Life, and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. The Catalogue currently compiles data from 165 peer-reviewed taxonomic databases that are maintained by specialist institutions around the world. As of September 2022, the COL Checklist lists 2,067,951 of the world's 2.2m extant species known to taxonomists on the planet at present time.
Variovorax soli
Variovorax soli is a Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, motile bacterium from the genus Variovorax, which was isolated from greenhouse soil. Colonies of Variovorax soli are light yellow in color.

Oxidase
In biochemistry, an oxidase is an oxidoreductase (any enzyme that catalyzes a redox reaction) that uses dioxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. In reactions involving donation of a hydrogen atom, oxygen is reduced to water (H2O) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Some oxidation reactions, such as those involving monoamine oxidase or xanthine oxidase, typically do not involve free molecular oxygen.

The oxidases are a subclass of the oxidoreductases. The use of dioxygen is the only unifying feature; in the EC classification, these enzymes are scattered in many categories.
Richard Landis
Richard Landis (February 18, 1946 – May 16, 2023) was an American record producer and musician. He had over 40 years of professional credits and chart success including a share of the 1994 CMA award for Album of the Year. At year's end, Billboard ranked Landis 18th of the top 25 producers in country music.

Landis had production tenure with several acclaimed labels including Capitol, Columbia, and RCA. In 2007, Landis opened his own studio in Nashville called Fool on the Hill, and as of 2013, engineered and produced music there. His accomplishments include musical credits with acts including Van Stephenson, Eddie Rabbitt, Kenny Rogers, Lorrie Morgan, Doug Supernaw, Neil Diamond, Poco, and Vince Gill. He had production credits from Juice Newton to Red Rider and The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band.

Country Music Association Awards
The Country Music Association Awards, also known as the CMA Awards or CMAs, are presented to country music artists and broadcasters to recognize outstanding achievement in the country music industry. The televised annual presentation ceremony features performances and award presentations by popular country music artists, with occasional appearances from pop and rock artists. The CMA Awards were first presented in 1967, and televised for the first time the following year.
JNR Class C58
The Class C58 is a 2-6-2 wheel arrangement steam locomotive type built by the Japanese Government Railways (JGR) and Japanese National Railways (JNR) from 1938 to 1947. They were dual-service or mixed traffic locomotives, optimized for both passenger and freight trains. A total of 427 Class C58 locomotives were built and designed by Hideo Shima. Two members of the class are preserved in working order.

Ministry of Railways (Japan)
The Japanese Government Railways (JGR) was the national railway system directly operated by the Japanese Ministry of Railways (鉄道省, Tetsudō-shō; Japanese pronunciation: [te̞t͡sɨᵝdo̞ːɕo̞ː]) until 1949. It was a predecessor of Japanese National Railways and the later Japan Railways Group.
William Wagner (land surveyor)
William Wagner (13 September 1820 – 25 February 1901) was a Polish born immigrant to Canada who became a certified land surveyor after he reached the country. In 1860, he was appointed immigration commissioner and sent to Germany, where he stayed until 1863 promoting immigration to the Canadas.

Wagner accomplished important survey work and wrote about Manitoba, the province which became his home, with accuracy and insight. He represented Woodlands from 1883 to 1886 in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba as a Conservative.

Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba
The Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba (PC; French: Parti progressiste-conservateur du Manitoba) is a centre-right political party in Manitoba, Canada. It is currently the opposition party in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, following a defeat in the 2023 provincial election.
Ilie Savel
Ilie Savel (25 August 1927 – 16 December 2015) was a Romanian hurdler. He competed in the men's 400 metres hurdles at the 1956 Summer Olympics. He reached the semi-final but did not qualify for the final.

Savel finished second behind Bob Shaw in the 440 yards hurdles event at the British 1955 AAA Championships and won the event at the 1956 AAA Championships.

1956 AAA Championships
The 1956 AAA Championships was the 1956 edition of the annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA). It was held from 13 to 14 July 1956 at White City Stadium in London, England.
Chiang
Chiang may mean:

Chiang, a variant spelling of several Chinese surnames commonly spelled Jiang
Chiang Kai-shek – Chinese politician and military leader (1887–1975)
Chiang Ching-kuo – President of Taiwan from 1978 to 1988

Chi'ang, variant spelling of the ancient Qiang (historical people) (羌)

Chi'ang, variant spelling of the modern Qiang people (羌族) in Wenchuan

Chiang (place name), a term for 'city' in Northern Thailand and surrounding areas

Qiang people
The Qiang people (Qiangic: Rrmea; Chinese: 羌族; pinyin: Qiāngzú) are an ethnic group in China. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognised by the People's Republic of China, with a population of approximately 312,981 in 2020. They live mainly in a mountainous region in the northwestern part of Sichuan (Szechwan) on the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau.
Segbwema
Segbwema is a town in Kailahun District in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone. The town is a major business and agricultural centre.  Segbwema lies approximately 20 miles northeast of Kenema and about 225 miles south-east of Freetown (further by road). The population of Segbwema was 7,961 in the 2004 census with a current estimate of 16,532 .

The population of Segbwema is ethnically diverse, though the Mende people make up the  majority of the population. Segbwema is home to the Nixon Memorial Hospital , one of the main hospitals in Kailahun District. The hospital serves Segbwema and its surrounding areas

Eastern Province, Sierra Leone
The Eastern Province (Krio: Istan Prɔvins) is one of the four provinces of Sierra Leone. It covers an area of 15,676 km2 and has a population of 1,641,012 (2015 census). Its capital and administrative centre is Kenema. Eastern Province, the centre of the country's diamond mining industry, is very mountainous and has two ranges, the Gola Hills and the Loma Mountains.
Recovery (1819 ship)
Recovery was launched at Ayre in 1819. She traded between Great Britain and North America and the Caribbean. She suffered three major maritime incidents, the first in 1822 and the second in 1826. Her crew abandoned her at sea in August 1829.

Ayre
Ayre (/ɛər/ AIR; Manx: Inver Ayre) is one of the six sheadings of the Isle of Man.

It is located in the north of the island (part of the traditional North Side division) and consists of the three historic parishes of Andreas, Bride and (Kirk Christ) Lezayre.

The town of Ramsey, which is administered separately, covers areas of two historic parishes (Lezayre, and Maughold in the sheading of Garff). It is treated as part of Garff for some purposes, e.g. the coroner.

Other settlements in the sheading include Glen Auldyn and Sulby (both in the parish of Lezayre).
Platanos, Achaea
Platanos (Greek: Πλάτανος) is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Akrata, Achaea, Greece. The community includes the mountain villages Ano Potamia, Korinthiako Balkoni and Tsivlos. Platanos lies at about 270 m elevation on a mountain slope directly above the seaside village Paralia Platanou. The villages Ano Potamia and Tsivlos are about 10 km south of Platanos. Platanos is 5 km west of Akrata and 18 km southeast of Aigio. The Greek National Road 8A (Athens - Corinth - Patras) and the railway Corinth - Patras pass north of Platanos.

Corinth
Corinth (/ˈkɒrɪnθ/ KORR-inth; Greek: Κόρινθος, romanized: Kórinthos, Modern Greek pronunciation: [ˈkorinθos]) is a city in the Peloponnese in Greece. The successor to the ancient city of Corinth, it is the capital of the Corinthia regional unit and the seat of the municipality of Corinth, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has a population of 38,485 according to the 2021 census, of whom 30,816 live within the city limits of Corinth.

It was founded as New Corinth (Greek: Νέα Κόρινθος, romanized: Néa Kórinthos) in 1858 after an earthquake destroyed the existing settlement of Corinth, which had developed in and around the site of the ancient city.
Wenk
Wenk is a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Alexandra Wenk (born 1995), German swimmer

Carola Wenk (born 1973), German-American computer scientist

Erich Wenk (1923–2012), German opera singer

Eduard Wenk (1907–2001), Swiss geologist, petrographer, and mineralogist

Friedrich Wenk, founder of 1920s German aircraft company Weltensegler

Hans-Rudolf Wenk (born 1941), Swiss mineraloger and geophysicist

Karl Wenk (born 1934), German sports shooter

János Wenk (1894–1962), Hungarian swimmer and water polo player

John Wenk (born 1938), British middle-distance runner

Martin Wenk, musician in Calexico (band)

Richard Wenk, American film screenwriter and director

Stefan Wenk (born 1981), German javelin thrower

Carola Wenk
Carola Wenk (born 1973) is a German-American computer scientist known for her research on algorithms for finding similarities between geometric shapes, such as matching vehicle trajectories to road networks, comparing trajectories with each other using Fréchet distance, or testing similarity for gel electrophoresis data. Her work has also involved biomedical applications of geometric algorithms, including the use of virtual reality to diagnose glaucoma. She is a professor of computer science at Tulane University.
Michele Greco da Valona
Michele Greco da Valona was a 15th/16th-century painter from Vlorë, in modern-day southern Albania. Michele represented the Adriatic renaissance. His art was similar to the style of Nicolaus Filantropinó, Fra Angelico, Paolo Uccello, Carlo Crivelli and Vincenzo de Rogata. Several of his works have survived, most notable of which is a controversial triptych featuring the Virgin Mary breastfeeding the people.

Carlo Crivelli
Carlo Crivelli (c. 1430 – c. 1495) was an Italian Renaissance painter of conservative Late Gothic decorative sensibility, who spent his early years in the Veneto, where he absorbed influences from the Vivarini, Squarcione, and Mantegna. He left the Veneto by 1458 and spent most of the remainder of his career in the March of Ancona, where he developed a distinctive personal style that contrasts with that of his Venetian contemporary Giovanni Bellini.
Tayeb Benabderrahmane v. Qatar
Tayeb Benabderrahmane v. Qatar is an ongoing international investment arbitration case concerning the alleged arbitrary arrest, detention, torture, seizure of assets, and death sentence imposed in absentia by the State of Qatar on French-Algerian businessman and consultant, Tayeb Benabderrahmane.

The case is being adjudicated under the auspices of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) and involves claims of breach of the 1996 Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) between France and Qatar on the reciprocal encouragement and protection of investments. In July 2025, the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention adopted Opinion No. 28/2025, concluding that Benabderrahmane’s deprivation of liberty was arbitrary.

France–Qatar relations
France–Qatar relations are the bilateral relations between France and the Qatar. The first embassy to be established was the Qatari embassy in France in 1972, and the first bilateral agreement was signed in 1974. Qatar has marked various concurrences with France, covering all areas such as cultural, political, economical, academic, scientific and military agreements. The nations are tied in a key discourse protocol, where conversation over various issues of significance to the two capitals are occurring consistently.
A16 motorway (Switzerland)
The A16, a motorway in north-central Switzerland, is a divided freeway connecting the border to France to the A5 motorway, 84 kilometres (52 mi) to the south on the Swiss plateau.

The A16 motorway is a long, winding corridor that crosses the Jura Mountains from the  Canton of Jura through part of the Bernese Jura area, to the flat part of the canton of  Bern on the Swiss plateau. Therefore, it is called Transjurane. It is congruent with the National Highway N16 and following its anticipated completion around 2020–2030, it will connect the French motorway network with the rest of the Swiss national road network. The extension provides for both four-lane standard (highway) and two-lane sections of "express roads" (Autostrasse). In 2014, there were approximately 71 km (84%) of roadway in operation, other sections were under construction or in planning.

Bernese Jura
Bernese Jura (French: Jura bernois, French pronunciation: [ʒyʁa bɛʁnwa], German: Berner Jura) is the name for the French-speaking area of the Swiss canton of Bern, and from 2010 one of ten administrative divisions of the canton.

Comprising the three French-speaking districts in the northern part of the canton, it contains 39 municipalities with an area of 522.11 km2 (201.59 sq mi) and a population (as of December 2020) of 53,715. More than 90% of the population of the three districts speaks French.

From 1815 to 1979, the Bernese Jura comprised seven districts. Three of these seceded to form the canton of Jura in 1979, while a fourth, the Laufen district, joined the canton of Basel-Landschaft in 1994. Additionally, Moutier, a municipality, voted to secede from Bern in a referendum in 2021 and joined Jura on 1 January 2026.
Parvathi Kalyana
Parvathi Kalyana (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1967 Indian Kannada-language film, directed and produced by B. S. Ranga. The film stars Rajkumar, Chandrakala, Udaykumar, M. P. Shankar and Raghavendra Rao. The musical score was composed by G. K. Venkatesh.

Udaykumar
Bommasandra Srinivasaiah Suryanarayana Murthy (16 March 1933 – 26 December 1985), known professionally as Udaykumar, was an Indian actor, writer, and film producer who worked primarily in Kannada cinema. Along with Rajkumar and Kalyan Kumar, he was part of the trio known as the Kumarathrayaru ("the three Kumars") of Kannada cinema. In addition to acting, he wrote several stage dramas and books.

Uday Kumar appeared in a wide variety of roles and collaborated with many notable actors of his era. In the early part of his career, he was cast in heroic roles, but he later became known for portraying complex antagonists, particularly in historical and mythological films, where he was frequently cast opposite Rajkumar’s protagonist roles.
Unleash Award
The Unleash Award was the annual award for the best Dutch fantasy/science-fiction and horror/suspense short story with a wordcount between 2,000 and 6,000 words.

Other annual Dutch awards in the SF/F/H genres are the Harland Award (for short stories and novelettes with a word count up to 10,000 words) and Fantastels (for short stories and novelettes with a word count up to 12,000 words).

Suspense
Suspense is a state of anxiety or excitement caused by mysteriousness, uncertainty, doubt, or undecidedness.  In a narrative work, suspense is the audience's excited anticipation about the plot or conflict (which may be heightened by a violent moment, stressful scene, puzzle, mystery, etc.), particularly as it affects a character for whom the audience feels sympathy. However, suspense is not exclusive to narratives.
CKZM-FM
CKZM-FM is a radio station which broadcasts at 94.1 MHz on the FM dial in St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada. It airs an adult contemporary format branded as 94.1 myFM.

It is owned by My Broadcasting Corporation, it was licensed by the CRTC on October 12, 2010.

MBC is a corporation controlled by Jon Pole and Andrew Dickson.

The Station began operations on May 20, 2011 at 12:00 PM.

My Broadcasting Corporation
My Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) is a Canadian broadcasting company founded in 2004 by Jon Pole and Andrew Dickson. Based in Renfrew, Ontario, the company operates a number of radio stations in small to medium-sized markets in Ontario.
The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo (film)
The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo is a 1935 American romantic comedy film made by 20th Century Fox. It was directed by Stephen Roberts, and starred Ronald Colman, Joan Bennett, and Colin Clive. The screenplay was written by Nunnally Johnson and Howard Smith, based on a play by Ilya Surgutchoff and Frederick Albert Swan.  The film was inspired by the song of the same name popularised by Charles Coborn.

Charles Coborn
Colin Whitton McCallum (4 August 1852 – 23 November 1945), known by his stage name Charles Coborn, was a British music hall singer and comedian.  During a long career, Coborn was known largely for two comic songs: "Two Lovely Black Eyes", and "The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo."
Choga (architecture)
Choga (Korean: 초가; Hanja: 草家; lit. grass house) is a term for traditional Korean houses (hanok) with thatched roofing. The main building materials used to build these houses are straw, wood and soil.

Thatched-roofing was especially popular among farmers and low-income classes in traditional Korean society. Certain plants, such as gourds and pumpkins, could be grown on top of choga roofs. One of the major disadvantages of the materials used, in particular rice straw, was that it could rot quickly when exposed to the elements.

Choga is one of the two classifications of traditional Korean housing. Choga is named after and characterised by its straw thatched-roof; to be distinguished from giwa, its tiled-roof counterpart. Choga was the representative housing for the working class in Korea from prehistoric times until mid 20th century. Due to urbanisation and choga's nondurable nature, this type of dwelling has been almost entirely replaced in Korea.

Culture of Korea
The traditional culture of Korea  is the shared cultural and historical heritage of Korea before the division of Korea in 1945.

Since the mid-20th century, Korea has been split between the North Korean and South Korean states, resulting in a number of cultural differences that can be observed even today. Before the Joseon period, the practice of Korean shamanism was deeply rooted in Korean culture.
Mano Gai
Mano Gai or Manogai is a small town and capital of Dara-I-Pech District in Kunar Province, in eastern Afghanistan. It lies on the confluence of several rivers.

On March 1, 2011, it was subject to the Mano Gai airstrike, killing nine boys aged 8–14 through gun fire from NATO helicopters while collecting firewood for their family. The next day hundreds of Afghan villagers protested the killing chanting slogans against the United States and the Afghan government as they marched to the bombing site.

In recent times, a 12 kilometre road project connecting Mano Gai to Chapa Dara District has been planned at an estimated cost of US$3.8 million.

A radio station, the “Voice of the Pech”, employing local reporters and radio personalities, was established in Mano Gai in 2010.

Chapa Dara District
Chapa Dara District (Pashto: چپه دره ولسوالۍ) is situated in the western part of Kunar Province in eastern Afghanistan. It has a population of around 100,000 residents as of 2023. The majority are ethnic Pashtuns. There may also be some Pashai. The district consists of a mountainous terrain. The capital of the district is Chapa Dara.

Chapa Dara District borders Nuristan Province to the north and northwest, Laghman Province to the southwest, and the Pech and Nurgal districts of Kunar Province to the east and south respectively. In the Digal valley region, remnants of the Indo-Aryan Nangalami (Grangali) language is still spoken in two villages.