hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Madigan
David Bennett Madigan (born 11 December 1962) is an Irish-American statistician and academic. He is currently Professor of Statistics and Special Advisor to the President at Northeastern University. From 2020 to 2025 he was Provost and Senior Vice-President for Academic Affairs at Northeastern University. Previously he was Professor of Statistics at Columbia University. From 2013 to 2018 he was also the Executive Vice-President for Arts and Sciences and Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences and from 2008 to 2013 he served as Chair of the  Department of Statistics, both at Columbia University. He was Dean of Physical and Mathematical Sciences at Rutgers University (2005–2007), Director of the Institute of Biostatistics at Rutgers University (2003–2004), and Professor in the Department of Statistics at Rutgers University (2001–2007).

Senior advisor
In some countries, a senior advisor (also spelt senior adviser, especially in the UK) is an appointed position by the head of state to advise on the highest levels of national and government policy. Sometimes a junior position to this is called a national policy advisor. In some instances, these advisors form a council of state or a state council. Senior Advisor is also a title for senior civil servants or partisan advisors in several countries and is also used in nonprofit organisations.
Church of the Vera Cruz (Santiago)
The Iglesia de la Vera Cruz or de la Veracruz (church of Vera Cruz) is a Catholic church located in Barrio Lastarria in the center of Santiago, Chile.

Construction on the church began in 1852 with a proposal by Salvador Tavira to preserve the place where Pedro de Valdivia had lived by building a memorial church for the conquistador, under the guidance of architect Claudio Brunet de Baines. Upon Brunet de Baines’ death in 1855, work was continued by architect Fermín Vivaceta and inaugurated in advance during Chilean Fiestas Patrias celebrations in 1855. The church was completed in 1857.

In 1983 the Iglesia de la Vera Cruz and its parish residence were declared National Monuments by the Ministry of Education.

On November 12, 2019, the church was burned after social riots.

Pedro de Valdivia
Pedro Gutiérrez de Valdivia or Valdiva (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpeðɾo ðe βalˈdiβja]; April 17, 1497 – December 25, 1553) was a Spanish conquistador and the first Governor of Colonial Chile. After having served with the Spanish army in Italy and Flanders, he was sent to South America in 1535, where he served as a soldier under the Pizarro brothers in Peru, gradually rising in power.

In 1540, Valdivia led an expedition of 150 Spaniards and 1,000 Peruvian Indians into Chile, where he defeated a large force of indigenous warriors and founded Santiago in 1541. He extended Spanish rule south to the Biobío River in 1546, fought again in Peru (1546–1548), and returned to Chile as Royal Governor in 1549. In 1550, he expanded Spanish rule further south into Araucanía, where he founded the city of Concepción and the eponymous city of Valdivia. He was captured and killed by Mapuche Indians during the Arauco War in 1553.
East Neuk
The East Neuk (/iːst njuːk/ ⓘ) or East Neuk of Fife is an area of the coast of Fife, Scotland.

"Neuk" is the Scots word for nook or corner, and the East Neuk is generally accepted to comprise the fishing villages of the most northerly part of the Firth of Forth and the land and villages slightly inland. It would include Lundin Links, Elie and Earlsferry, Colinsburgh, St Monans, Pittenweem, Arncroach, Carnbee, Anstruther, Cellardyke, Kilrenny, Crail, and the immediate hinterland, as far as the upland area known as the Riggin o Fife.

The area houses a Cold War era bunker near Crail. Built in the late 1950s to be a regional seat of government in the event of a nuclear war, it is now a tourist attraction.

Regional seat of government
Regional seats of government or RSGs were the best known aspect of Britain's civil defence preparations against nuclear war. In fact, however, naming conventions changed over the years as strategies in Whitehall changed.

In the aftermath of the nuclear attack on Hiroshima and the Soviet Union's development of nuclear weapons, it was clear that London could not survive a nuclear bombardment. Although considerable effort still went into secret construction of military citadels under London, the solution was to disperse the machinery of government into small pieces in the provinces, where there would be a greater chance of survival.

Experiments along these lines had taken place during the Second World War, when a system of regional commissioners existed and key departments were moved out of London to Bath, Harrogate and Cheltenham, among others. However, the idea of a regional commissioner dated back to the First World War and the 1926 general strike.
Alexander Nikulin (ice hockey)
Alexander Sergeevich Nikulin (Russian: Александр Сергеевич Никулин; born August 25, 1985) is a Russian professional ice hockey player. Nikulin is currently playing with TUTO Hockey in the Finnish Mestis.

Mestis
Mestis (from Finnish: Mestaruussarja, meaning 'Championship series', stylized as MEST1S) is the second-highest men's ice hockey league in Finland. The league was established by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association in 2000 to replace the I-divisioona ('First Division').

Promotion to the SM-liiga is achievable for a Mestis team if it defeats an SM-liiga club in the qualification series and meets all the criteria established by the SM-liiga. However, Mestis is an open league that allows for relegation and promotion with the third league, Suomi-sarja.

Mestis is also the highest league under the governance of the FIHA.
Himmelstadt
Himmelstadt is a municipality in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Zellingen.

Because of the community’s “heavenly” name – Himmel means “heaven” or “sky” in German – the Weihnachtspostamt Himmelstadt (“Himmelstadt Christmas Post Office”) has existed since 1986, jointly run by Deutsche Post and the community.

Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia (German: Unterfranken, pronounced [ˈʊntɐˌfʁaŋkn̩] ⓘ) is one of seven districts of Bavaria, Germany. The districts of Lower, Middle and Upper Franconia make up the region of Franconia. It consists of nine districts and 308 municipalities (including three cities).
Singderella
Singderella (Korean: 싱데렐라) is a South Korean variety show. The show was originally aired every Thursday at 23:00 (KST) on  Channel A, but changed to air every Friday at 23:00 (KST) as of January 13, 2017.

Channel A (TV channel)
Channel A Corporation (Korean: 주식회사 채널에이; Hanja: 株式會社 채널에이), known as Channel A (채널A, typeset CHANNEL A), is a national generalist cable TV network and broadcasting company in South Korea. The company's largest shareholder is Dong-A Media Group (DAMG), which consists of 12 affiliate companies including The Dong-a Ilbo. Channel A was launched on 1 December 2011. Channel A's management philosophy is 'Open & Creative' and the company slogan is 'Channel A, A Canvas that Holds Your Dreams.' JaeHo Kim is the chief executive officer.

Channel A is one of four newly launched South Korea nationwide generalist cable TV networks alongside JoongAng Ilbo's JTBC, Chosun Ilbo's TV Chosun and Maeil Kyungje's MBN in 2011. The four new networks supplement existing conventional free-to-air TV networks like KBS, MBC, SBS, and other smaller channels launched following deregulation in 1990.
Pandrawal
Pandrawal is a village in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 3.6 kilometres (2.2 mi) away from sub post office Lassara, 21 kilometres (13 mi) from Nawanshahr, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from district headquarter Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar and 110 kilometres (68 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Nawanshahr
Nawanshahr (Punjabi pronunciation: [nə.ʋä̃ːʃɛ́ːɾ]) is a municipal council in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district in the Indian state of Punjab. It was previously a town;  it later became a district in 1995.
National Golf Resort Golf Club
National Golf Resort Golf Club is a golf club and course on the bank of the Danė river in Stančiai, Klaipėda District Municipality.

In 2015 Golf Club hosted one of the European Amateur Team Championship competitions.

European Amateur Team Championship
The European Amateur Team Championship is a European amateur team golf championship for men organised by the European Golf Association which was introduced in 1959.

The championship was played in odd-numbered years from 1959 to 2007 and has been played annually since 2008 (with the exception of 2012).
Nanoelectromechanical relay
A nanoelectromechanical (NEM) relay is an electrically actuated switch that is built on the nanometer scale using semiconductor fabrication techniques. They are designed to operate in replacement of, or in conjunction with, traditional semiconductor logic. While the mechanical nature of  NEM relays makes them switch much slower than solid-state relays, they have many advantageous properties, such as zero current leakage and low power consumption, which make them potentially useful in next generation computing.

A typical NEM relay requires a potential on the order of the tens of volts in order to "pull in" and have contact resistances on the order of gigaohms. Coating contact surfaces with platinum can reduce achievable contact resistance to as low as 3 kΩ. Compared to transistors, NEM relays switch relatively slowly, on the order of nanoseconds.

Static random-access memory
Static random-access memory (static RAM or SRAM) is a type of random-access memory (RAM) that uses latching circuitry (flip-flop) to store each bit. SRAM is volatile memory; data is lost when power is removed.

The static qualifier differentiates SRAM from dynamic random-access memory (DRAM):

SRAM will hold its data permanently in the presence of power, while data in DRAM decays in seconds and thus must be periodically refreshed.

SRAM is faster than DRAM but it is more expensive in terms of silicon area and cost.

Typically, SRAM is used for the cache and internal registers of a CPU while DRAM is used for a computer's main memory.
Aïssa Maïga
Aïssa Maïga (born 5 May 1975) is a Senegal-born French actress, director, writer, producer, and activist. Maïga has worked with major auteurs like Michael Haneke, Abderrahmane Sissako and Michel Gondry, and recently starred in Chiwetel Ejiofor’s directorial debut.

Maïga is an advocate for inclusion and has been vocal about racial discrimination in the film industry throughout her career. Maïga was inspired to speak out and create the DiasporAct collective after realising she was often the sole performer of colour to receive top billing and awards season attention—despite the abundance of diverse talent around her.

The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind
The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind is a 2019 drama film written, directed by and starring Chiwetel Ejiofor in his feature directorial debut. The film is based on the memoir of the same name by William Kamkwamba and Bryan Mealer. It was screened in the Premieres section at the 2019 Sundance Film Festival and began streaming in most territories on Netflix on 1 March 2019. It was selected as the British entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 92nd Academy Awards, but it was not nominated. It received widely positive reviews with praise going to Ejiofor's direction and the acting.
Charles Hoffner
Charles Harvey Hoffner (October 20, 1896 – November 9, 1981) was an American professional golfer. His best finish in an important tournament was a win at the first Philadelphia PGA Championship in 1922. In major championships, Hoffner tied for 13th place in the 1914 and 1919 U.S. Opens. He finished T17 in the 1920, 1922, 1924, and 1925 PGA Championships.

Hoffner had played in the 1921 International Challenge Match held at the Gleneagles Kings Course in Scotland. The match was the forerunner to the Ryder Cup matches. Upon his return to Philadelphia, Hoffner wrote an article in The Philadelphia Inquirer about the importance of the international sporting match for the greater good of relations between the people and governments of the two continents.

1920 PGA Championship
The 1920 PGA Championship was the third PGA Championship, which is now considered one of golf's major championships. It was held August 17–21 at the Flossmoor Country Club outside Flossmoor, Illinois, a suburb south of Chicago. The field of 32 qualified through sectional tournaments. They competed in 36-hole match play rounds in a single-elimination tournament.

Harry Hampton made a surprising run by winning three consecutive matches before finally succumbing to Jock Hutchison in a semi-final match 4 and 3. James Douglas Edgar won the other semi-final over George McLean by a resounding 8 and 7 margin. Hutchison defeated Edgar, 1 up, in the final.

Two-time defending champion Jim Barnes lost in the second round to Clarence Hackney, 5 and 4.
Paul Manuel
Paul Manuel (born 30 December 1967 in Delft) is a sailor from the Netherlands who represented his country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. Manuel, as crew in the Dutch Tornado with Ron van Teylingen as helmsman, took 6th place.

Sailing at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Tornado
The Tornado Competition at the 1992 Summer Olympics was held from 27 July to 4 August 1992, in Barcelona, Spain. Points were awarded for placement in each race. The best six out of seven race scores did count for the final placement.
Abhayanand
Abhayanand is an IPS officer and educationalist who, along with Anand Kumar, conceptualised Super 30 to teach poor students to crack IIT JEE. Following his graduation from Patna Science College, Abhayanand was selected as the IPS officer for the Bihar cadre after clearing UPSC Civil Services Examination in 1977. 
He was the ADG (headquarters) in 2006 and as such he concentrated on the speedy trial of Arms Act cases in Bihar. Later, during his tenure as the ADG of Bihar Military Police, Patna, he motivated the constables to donate from their salaries to convert a dilapidated government hospital into a modern nursing home with state-of-the-art facilities for treatment of the police force and their family members. Abhayanand was appointed as D.G.P., Bihar in August 2011, following the footsteps of his late father, Mr. Jagatanand Singh who was the 28th D.G.P., Bihar in 1985–86.

Arms Act, 1959
The Arms Act, 1959 is an Act of the Parliament of India to consolidate and amend the law relating to arms and ammunition in order to curb illegal weapons and violence stemming from them. It replaced the Indian Arms Act, 1878.

The Arms Act was passed in 1959.
Trimbak Krishna Tope
Trimbak Krishnarao Tope (popularly known as Dr. T. K. Tope) (28 February 1914 - 21 February 1994), was an authority on Constitutional Law, a noted educationist, a biographer, an Indian lawyer, and teacher. He was Principal of the Government Law College, Mumbai from 1958 to 1975. He served as the Vice-Chancellor of Bombay University from 1971 to 1977. Tope was the Sheriff of Mumbai from 10 December 1985 – 20 December 1986. He participated in the 1930 and 1942 movements.

University of Mumbai
University of Mumbai is a public state university in Mumbai. It is one of the largest university systems in the world with over 549,000 students on its campuses and affiliated colleges. As of 2013, the university had 711 affiliated colleges.

It was established in 1857 as the University of Bombay following a dispatch from Sir Charles Wood, President of the Board of Control, to Governor-General Lord Dalhousie. There are courses available covering science, commerce and the arts.
Bellitaş, Hınıs
Bellitaş is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Hınıs, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 883 (2022).

It was an Armenian-populated village Haremik/Հարեմիկ  until 1915, one of the most notable villages in Khnus.

According to tradition, Adam and Eve lived in the place of Haremik, and not far from the village, on the top of a hill called Seli Moruk, Adam's son Abel rests. 
According to another tradition, the hill south of the village is Cain's Hill, where he was struck by the arrow of the hunter Ghamek.

Cain
Cain is a biblical figure in the Book of Genesis within Abrahamic religions. He is the elder brother of Abel, and the firstborn son of Adam and Eve, the first couple within the Bible. He was a farmer who gave an offering of his crops to God. However, God was not pleased and favored Abel's offering over Cain's. Out of jealousy, Cain killed his brother, for which he was punished by God with the curse and mark of Cain. He had several descendants, starting with his son Enoch and including Lamech.

The narrative is notably unclear on God's reason for rejecting Cain's sacrifice. Some traditional interpretations within Abrahamic religions consider Cain to be the originator of evil, violence, or greed.
Iggy Strange Dahl
Iggy Strange Dahl is a Swedish songwriter based in Stockholm, Sweden.

He has written songs for major recording artists such as September, Lena Katina (Former member of t.A.T.u.), Sweetbox, F(x), Arashi, Jolin Tsai, Super Junior Donghae & Eunhyuk, and Elliott Murphy, and he has received several awards and top positions on music charts in South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Indonesia, China and Sweden. In 2010 he co-wrote the song "Manipulated" for the Swedish entry to Eurovision Song Contest (Melodifestivalen) performed by Hanna Lindblad. In Melodifestivalen 2015 he competed again, this time performing with the band JTR and the song "Building It Up", which reached the final. Together with Erik Lewander and Olle Ljungman he has composed music for the Swedish TV-series Jordskott.

Larz-Kristerz
Larz-Kristerz is a Swedish dansband founded in Älvdalen, Sweden in 2001, and winner of the 2008 edition of Dansbandskampen. Hem till dig stopped U2's No Line On the Horizon from reaching number 1, the only country where the album did not reach this position.
Nulton (surname)
Nulton is a surname. Notable people who have had this name include:

Ira Nulton, bassist of the Maine-based punk band The Stains

Louis McCoy Nulton (1869–1954), United States Navy admiral, superintendent of US Naval Academy

Lucy Nulton (1903–2000), American educator, folklorist

Louis McCoy Nulton
Louis McCoy Nulton (August 8, 1869 – November 10, 1954) was a four-star admiral in the United States Navy who was superintendent of the U.S. Naval Academy from 1925 to 1928 and commander of the Battle Fleet from 1929 to 1930.
Brendan Piakura
Brendan Piakura (born 16 May 2002) is a Cook Islands international rugby league footballer who plays as a second-row forward for the Brisbane Broncos in the National Rugby League, with whom he won the 2025 NRL Grand Final.

Cook Islands national rugby league team
The Cook Islands national rugby league team have represented the Cook Islands in international rugby league football since 1986. Administered by the Cook Islands Rugby League Association (CIRLA), the team has competed at three Rugby League World Cups, in 2000, 2013 and 2021.
Virgin Veritas
Virgin Veritas is an imprint of French classical music record label Virgin Classics dedicated to early music and historically informed performance. The parent was formerly owned by Virgin Records and was Virgin's classical label until acquisition by EMI, and then subsequent 2012 acquisition by Universal Music. Following acquisition by EMI the imprint was also used to reissue earlier early music recordings from the EMI Electrola and EMI Reflexe imprints.

Imprint (trade name)
An imprint of a publisher is a trade name under which it publishes a work. A single publishing company may have multiple imprints, often using the different names as brands to market works to various demographic consumer segments.
NVC
NVC is an abbreviation for:

National Visa Center, a center that is part of the U.S. Department of State that holds immigrant visa petitions till they can be processed and then arranges for a visa interview for the beneficiaries of the petition.

National Vegetation Classification, two different systems for classifying natural vegetation:
NVC, the British National Vegetation Classification
NVC or USNVC, the U.S. National Vegetation Classification

NVC, the Nepal Volunteers Council

NVC International, a multinational lighting corporation based in Hong Kong

Nonviolent Communication

Nonverbal communication

National Vocabulary Championship, a United States children's vocabulary competition

Northwest Vista College, a community college in San Antonio, Texas

New vogue children, album by Japanese electronica duo Schwarz Stein

Nissan Vanette Cargo, a van produced by Nissan

Nitrogen-vacancy center, point defects in diamond.

Van
A van is a type of road vehicle used for transporting goods or people. There is some variation in the scope of the word across the different English-speaking countries. The smallest vans, microvans, are used for transporting either goods or people in tiny quantities. Mini MPVs, compact MPVs, and MPVs are all small vans usually used for transporting people in small quantities. Larger vans with passenger seats are used for institutional purposes, such as transporting students. Larger vans with only front seats are often used for business purposes, to carry goods and equipment. Specially equipped vans are used by television stations as mobile studios. Postal services and courier companies use large step vans to deliver packages.
First Presbyterian Church of Wantage
First Presbyterian Church of Wantage (Old Clove Church) is a historic church in Wantage Township, Sussex County, New Jersey, United States. Church records point to a Dutch Reformed congregation founded in 1788, which merged with First Presbyterian Church of Wantage, founded in 1818. The building is situated on a hill, due south of Clove Brook, a creek from which it derives its common name. It was built in 1829 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 23, 1982 for its significance in architecture and religion. The structure is no longer used as a church, but the Friends of Old Clove Church continue an inter-denominational service once annually.

Wantage Township, New Jersey
Wantage Township (pronounced WHAN-tij) is a township in Sussex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 10,811, a decrease of 547 (−4.8%) from the 2010 census count of 11,358, which in turn reflected an increase of 971 (+9.3%) from the 10,387 counted in the 2000 census.

Wantage Township was formed as a precinct on May 30, 1754, from portions of Newton Township. It was incorporated as a township on February 21, 1798, as part of the state's initial group of 104 townships. Boundary exchanges were made with Frankford Township in both 1826 and 1834. Portions of the township were taken on October 14, 1891, to form the Borough of Deckertown (renamed Sussex borough in 1902). The township was named for Wantage, England.