hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clue cell
Clue cells are epithelial cells of the vagina that get their distinctive stippled appearance by being covered with bacteria. The etymology behind the term "clue" cell derives from the original research article from Gardner and Dukes describing the characteristic cells. The name was chosen for its brevity in describing the sine qua non of bacterial vaginosis.

They are a medical sign of bacterial vaginosis, particularly that caused by Gardnerella vaginalis, a group of Gram-variable bacteria. This bacterial infection is characterized by thin gray vaginal discharge, and an increase in vaginal pH from around 4.5 to over 5.5.

Sine qua non
A sine qua non (/ˌsaɪni kweɪ ˈnɒn, ˌsɪni kwɑː ˈnoʊn/, Latin: [ˈsɪnɛ kʷaː ˈnoːn]) or condicio sine qua non (plural: condiciones sine quibus non) is an indispensable and essential action, condition, or ingredient. It was originally a Latin legal term for "[a condition] without which it could not be", "but for...", or "without which [there is] nothing." Also, "sine qua non causation" is the formal terminology for "but-for causation."
Karol Castillo
Karol Castillo (29 August 1989 – 10 April 2013) was a Peruvian model and beauty pageant titleholder. She was crowned Miss Perú Universo 2008 and competed in the Miss Universe 2008 pageant, hosted in Nha Trang, Vietnam.

Miss Perú Universo 2008
The Miss Perú 2008 was held on May 1, 2008. That year, only 16 candidates were competing for the national crown. The chosen winner represented Peru at the Miss Universe 2008 pageant which was held in Vietnam. The Miss Earth Perú would enter in Miss Earth 2008. The first runner up would enter in Miss Continente Americano 2008. The second runner up would in Miss Tourism World 2008.
Emilia di Liverpool
Emilia di Liverpool (Emilia of Liverpool; also given as L'eremitaggio di Liverpool) is a dramma semiserio, ("half-serious") dramatic opera, in two acts with music by Gaetano Donizetti.  Giuseppe Checcherini wrote the Italian libretto after the anonymous libretto for Vittorio Trento's Emilia di Laverpaut, itself based on Stefano Scatizzi's play of the same name.  It premiered on 28 July 1824 at the Teatro Nuovo in Naples.

Teatro Nuovo (Naples)
The Teatro Nuovo (New Theatre) is a theatre located on Via Montecalvario in the Quartieri Spagnoli district of Naples. The original theatre was an opera house designed by Domenico Antonio Vaccaro. Completed in 1724, it was also known as the Teatro Nuovo sopra Toledo and the Teatro Nuovo de Montecalvario. The theatre specialised in the opera buffa genre and saw the world premieres of hundreds of operas in its heyday. These included fifteen of Cimarosa's operas and seven of Donizetti's. The present theatre is the third to have been erected on the site following its destruction by fire in 1861 and again in 1935.
Mordovka
Mordovka (Russian: мордовка, pl. мордовки, mordovki) were minted or cast silver and copper plates made in the Middle and Lower Volga region during the 16th to 18th centuries. The obverse side usually featured coarse, stylized images of a horseman, horse, bird, and other figures. The reverse side had inscriptions made from sets of letters, often imitating Russian kopecks. According to the Kazan Chronicle, mordovki, referred to as pieces of silver (серебреники) in chronicle, were used as both adornment sewn on clothes and as coins.

A distinctive version of the mordovki had a triangular design. They sometimes depict a woman in a tall headdress. Numerous hoards containing large numbers of mordovki have been discovered in the Volga Region and Central Asia.

Kazan Chronicle
The Kazan Chronicle (Russian: Казанский летописец), also known as the Story of the Tsardom of Kazan (История Казанского Царства) or Kazan Story (Казанская история, Kazanskaya istoriya), is a document written between 1560 and 1565. The chronicler introduces himself as a Russian who was held in captivity in Kazan for about 20 years until Ivan the Terrible sacked Kazan in 1552. In some sources, his name is given as Ioann Glazaty (Иоанн Глазатый). While in captivity, the chronicler assumed Islam, which gave him substantial freedom to explore the local customs. The document deals with events from formation of Kazan Khanate in the first half of 15th century until its annexion in 1552. The authenticity of events, particularly events before the date when the chronicler came to Kazan, is doubtful. The chronicle contains numerous errors, and what appears to be complete fiction, mixed with genuine historical data. The chronicle was first published in print in Saint Petersburg in 1790.
Kale Kayihura
General Edward Kalekezi Kayihura, commonly known as Kale Kayihura, is a Ugandan lawyer, military general, farmer and former policeman. He was the Inspector General of Police (IGP) of the Uganda Police Force (the highest rank in that branch of Uganda's government) from 2005 until 5 March 2018. He was succeeded by Martin Okoth Ochola in an unexpected reshuffle. This also saw the Minister for security Henry Tumukunde replaced.

Inspector general
An inspector general is an investigative official in a civil or military organization. The plural of the term is "inspectors general".

In some countries, inspector general is also a formal rank or title in civil, police, or military services, where it refers to a senior officer rather than an investigative position. The duties and authority of the role vary by country and organization.
Circuit Franco-Belge
The Circuit Franco-Belge is a single day cycling race held annually in Belgium and France. The race was previously known as the Tour de Wallonie-Picarde in 2011 and as the Tour de l'Eurométropole from 2012 to 2021. From 2005 to 2015 the Tour de l'Eurométropole was a 2.1-ranked stage race of the UCI Europe Tour. The race joined the UCI ProSeries as a 1.Pro event in 2021.

Since 2016, the event has transformed from a stage race to a single day 1.1 race and was included in the inaugural Belgian Road Cycling Cup. The race starts in Poperinge, West Flanders, and finishes in Tournai, Hainaut, and is now only run on Belgian soil.

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
Spasoje Hadži Popović
Spasoje Hadži Popović (Serbian Cyrillic: Спасоје Хаџи Поповић; 18 August 1882 – 3 July 1926) was a Serbian teacher in Bitola and editor of the newspaper Južne Zvezde (Southern Stars). He was born in Buf, in the Ottoman Empire (now Greece). Growing up, he was a witness to the conflict between the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople and the Bulgarian Exarchate, which divided the Slavic Christian people in Ottoman Macedonia. He enrolled in the Serbian Gymnasium in Bitola in 1899 and subsequently in the teacher school in Aleksinac, which had been moved there from Belgrade, together with many pupils from Ottoman territory. He was a member of the Saint Sava Society. Popović was murdered by VMRO agents, who conducted a range of assassinations and terrorist acts against Serbs at that time.

Aleksinac
Aleksinac (Serbian Cyrillic: Алексинац) is a town and municipality located in the Nišava District of southern Serbia. According to the 2022 census, the municipality has a population of 43,258 inhabitants.
1969 ABA playoffs
The 1969 ABA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the American Basketball Association's 1968–69 season. The tournament concluded with the Western Division champion Oakland Oaks defeating the Eastern Division champion Indiana Pacers, four games to one in the ABA Finals.  Warren Jabali of the Oaks was named the Playoff MVP.

Freddie Lewis
Frederick L. Lewis (born July 1, 1943) is an American former basketball player. He played professionally in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and American Basketball Association (ABA). He is the only player to start his career in the NBA, and play all 9 full ABA seasons (1967–1976) until the NBA/ABA merger, then sign back with the NBA.

Born in Huntington, West Virginia, Lewis was a fundamentally sound 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) guard who could pass, shoot, and defend equally well. He attended McKeesport Area High School (in Pennsylvania) and Arizona State University before being drafted by the NBA's Cincinnati Royals.

Lewis played a prominent role on three American Basketball Association championship teams for the Indiana Pacers, averaging 16.6 points, 4.1 assists and 4.0 rebounds in seven seasons. His 11,660 points rank as sixth most in ABA history while his 2,883 assists rank 4th.
Karl Vorbrodt
Karl Vorbrodt, or Carl, (1865, Wabern - 1932, Morcote) was a Swiss entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera and microlepidoptera.
Vorbrodt published fauna studies, revisions and descriptions of new species in Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft. Together with Johann Müller-Rutz he wrote Die Schmetterlinge der Schweiz (Butterflies of Switzerland) Bern K.J. Wyss, 1911-1914. His collection of Palearctic Lepidoptera is in the Natural History Museum of Bern.

Microlepidoptera
Microlepidoptera (micromoths) is an artificial (i.e., unranked and not monophyletic) grouping of moth families, commonly known as the "smaller moths" (micro, Lepidoptera). These generally have wingspans of under 20 mm, so are harder to identify by external phenotypic markings than macrolepidoptera. They present some lifestyles that the larger Lepidoptera do not have, but this is not an identifying mark. Some hobbyists further divide this group into separate groups, such as leaf miners or rollers, stem or root borers, and then usually follow the more rigorous scientific taxonomy of lepidopterans. Efforts to stabilize the term have usually proven inadequate.
Andy Lally
Andrew Joseph Lally (born February 11, 1975) is an American former professional auto racing driver who currently serves as the president for the Trans Am Series.

Lally competed full-time in the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, driving the Audi R8 for Magnus Racing and part-time in the Michelin Pilot Challenge, driving the Hyundai Elantra TCR Touring Car for StarCom Racing.

Road America
Road America is a motorsport road course near Elkhart Lake, Wisconsin on Wisconsin Highway 67. It has hosted races since the 1950s and currently hosts races in the IndyCar Series, IMSA SportsCar Championship, Sports Car Club of America GT World Challenge America and Trans-Am Series and the MotoAmerica Superbike Championship.
Damb
Damb (Lasi: ڊامب) is a coastal village in southeastern Balochistan, Pakistan, located approximately 80 kilometres northwest of Karachi, within Hub District. It is accessible via road through the town of Winder and the village of Sonmiani, connecting to the N-25 National Highway. The village is located along a narrow waterway between Sonmiani Bay and Miani Hor, facing Rathod's Island. It is bordered by the sea to the west and north, which shapes its maritime character and economic activities.

N-25 National Highway
The N-25 or National Highway 25 (Urdu: قومی شاہراہ ۲۵) is a 813 km national highway in Pakistan is a single-lane highway which extends along from Karachi in Sindh province to Pakistan's Chaman border with Afghanistan via Quetta in Balochistan province of Pakistan.  The highway is also known as Regional Cooperation for Development Highway (RCD Highway) or notoriously known as Killer Highway. In April 2025, Government of Pakistan announced that money saved from oil prices are being spent on making this a motorway standard highway. In the same month, government reiterated its commitment to improve this highway by investing Rs.300 billion.

On 5 December 2025, the National Highway Authority (NHA) began reconstruction of the N-25 highway in order to improve safety on the route and reduce travel times.
Bhadrachalam Assembly constituency
Bhadrachalam Assembly constituency is a ST reserved constituency of Telangana Legislative Assembly, India. It includes the temple town of Bhadrachalam. It is one among constituencies in Bhadradri Kothagudem district and Mulugu district. It is part of Mahabubabad Lok Sabha constituency.

Telangana Legislative Assembly
The Telangana Legislative Assembly (ISO: Telangāṇa Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the Telangana Legislature. The Legislative Assembly of Telangana currently consists of 119 elected members.

The members of the Vidhana Sabha are directly elected by people through adult franchise. Each constituency elects one member of the assembly. Members are popularly known as M.L.A.s. The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or "first past the post" electoral system. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Fränzi Schmidt
Franziska "Fränzi" Schmidt (born 5 July 1943) is a Swiss former figure skater who competed in ladies' singles. She is a three-time Swiss national champion. She finished in the top ten at two European Championships and competed at two Winter Olympics, placing 22nd in 1960 and 23rd in 1964.

Figure skating at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Figure skating at the 1960 Winter Olympics took place at the Blyth Arena in Squaw Valley, California, United States. Three figure skating events were contested: men's singles, ladies' singles and pair skating. It was the final time that figure skating at the Winter Olympics was conducted in a covered, but not enclosed, rink.

On February 15, 1961, the entire United States figure skating team and several family members, coaches, and officials were killed when Sabena Flight 548 crashed in Brussels, Belgium, en route to the World Championships in Prague. The accident caused the cancellation of the 1961 World Championships and necessitated the building of a new American skating program.
Oursler, Kansas
Oursler is a ghost town in Marion County, Kansas, United States.  It is currently a ghost town that was located approximately 3.5 miles southeast of Marion next to a former railroad.  No buildings remain of this former community.

Florence, Kansas
Florence is a city in Marion County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 394.  The city was named after the daughter of the third Governor of Kansas, Samuel J. Crawford.  It is located at the intersection of U.S. routes 50 and 77 highways.
Gravity Research Foundation
The Gravity Research Foundation is an organization established in 1948 by businessman Roger Babson (founder of Babson College) to find ways to implement gravitational shielding. Over time, the foundation turned away from trying to block gravity and began trying to understand it. It holds an annual contest rewarding essays by scientific researchers on gravity-related topics. The contest, which awards prizes of up to $4,000, has been won by at least six people who later won the Nobel Prize in physics.

The foundation held conferences and conducted operations in New Boston, New Hampshire, through the late 1960s, but that aspect of its operation ended following Babson's death in 1967.

It is mentioned on stone monuments, donated by Babson, at more than a dozen American universities.

Babson College
Babson College is a private business school in Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States specializing in entrepreneurship education. Founded in 1919 by Roger Babson, the college was established as the Babson Institute in his Wellesley home and initially granted one-year certificates. Babson College earned degree-granting authority from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1947.
John Coleman House
The John Coleman House, also known as Grassdale, is a historic plantation house in Eutaw, Alabama, United States.  The two-story wood-frame I-house was built by John Coleman from Edgefield, South Carolina, on property that he settled in 1819.  Coleman held 75 slaves during the 1840 United States census of Greene County.  The house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Antebellum Homes in Eutaw Thematic Resource on December 6, 1982, due to its architectural significance.  Coleman family members, as well as many slaves, are buried in a cemetery close to the house.  The house is currently used as a hunting lodge.

Eutaw, Alabama
Eutaw (/ˈjuːtɔː/ YOO-taw) is a city in and the county seat of Greene County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, its population was 2,937. The city was named in honor of the Battle of Eutaw Springs, the last engagement of the American Revolutionary War in the Carolinas.
Prince Gaetan, Count of Girgenti
Prince Gaetan of the Two Sicilies, Count of Girgenti (Italian: Gaetano Marie Federico, Principe di Borbone delle Due Sicilie, Conte di Girgenti) (12 January 1846, Naples, Two Sicilies – 26 November 1871, Lucerne, Switzerland) was the seventh child of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and his wife Maria Theresa of Austria. Gaetan was a member of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and consort to Isabella, Princess of Asturias, twice the recognized heir presumptive to the throne of Spain. Through this union, Gaetan was created an Infante of Spain.

Maria Theresa of Austria, Queen of the Two Sicilies
Maria Theresa of Austria (31 July 1816 – 8 August 1867) was the second wife of King Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies, making her Queen of the Two Sicilies. She was the eldest daughter of Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen and Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg.
Sajjad Ganjzadeh
Sajjad Ganjzadeh (Persian: سجاد گنج‌زاده, also Romanized as "Sajjād Ganjzādeh"; born 4 January 1992 in Tehran) is an Iranian karateka. Competing in the above 84 kg kumite division he won gold medals at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, 2014 and 2016 world championships, 2013 and 2017 Asian championships, and 2018 Asian Games. He has also won multiple awards in competitions within the Karate1 Premier League.

He is the first Iranian karateka to win an Olympic gold medal. He won the gold medal in the men's +75 kg event after being knocked out by an illegal kick from Tareg Hamedi of Saudi Arabia. Hamedi was disqualified and Ganjzadeh won the gold medal.

In 2023, he won one of the bronze medals in his event at the Asian Karate Championships held in Malacca, Malaysia. He won the gold medal in the men's kumite +84 kg event at the 2022 Asian Games held in Hangzhou, China.

Karate1 Premier League
The Karate1 Premier League is a Karate competition Initiated by the World Karate Federation in the year of 2011 with two tournaments held in Paris and Istanbul, the Karate1-Premier League- has made exponential progress in terms of magnitude and status of the tournaments as well as the number of participants and countries represented.

The Karate1-Premier League- is the most important league event in the world of Karate. It comprises a number of the most prominent Karate competitions and endeavours to bring together the best Karate athletes in the world in an open championship of unprecedented scale and quality.

Karate1 Premier League events is homogeneous system for qualification to the Olympic Karate tournament Started from 2018 at Berlin, Germany event and ended with 2021 Lisbon, Portugal event for the 2020 Olympic Games qualification standing.

In 2022, a new round-robin format was introduced at the Karate1 Premier League.
The Rage (play)
The Rage is a 1794 comedy play by the British writer Frederick Reynolds. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London on 23 October 1794. The original cast included William Thomas Lewis as Gingham, Alexander Pope as Darnley, James Middleton as Sir George Gauntlet, John Fawcett as Honourable Mr Savage, John Quick as Sir Paul Perpetual, Joseph Shepherd Munden as Flush, George Davenport as Ready, John Bernard as Signor Cygnet, Rosemond Mountain as Clara Sedley, Isabella Mattocks as Lady Sarah Savage and Jane Pope as Mrs Darnley. The Irish premiere took place at the Crow Street Theatre in Dublin on 16 January 1795.

John Bernard (actor)
John Bernard (1756 in Portsmouth, England – 29 November 1828 in London) was an English actor and biographer. He was the author of Retrospections of the Stage (1830) and Retrospections of America, 1797-1811. He acted in a number of plays with Mary Ann Duff. His son, William Bayle Bernard, was a playwright and critic, and edited editions of his Retrospections.
Elena Tonetta
Elena Tonetta (born 8 June 1988 in Rovereto) is an Italian archer.

In 2005, she was the Junior European Champion, winning at Silkeborg (Denmark). She won the second place in the final of the Junior World Cup, at Mérida (Mexico) in 2006. A year later she won the Italian National Championship in Castenaso and in 2008 she got the bronze medal in the individual game at the European XI European and Mediterranean Indoor Archery Championships.

Silkeborg
Silkeborg (Danish: [ˈse̝lkəˌpɒˀ]) is a Danish town with a population of 52,571 (1 January 2025). Silkeborg is the seat of Silkeborg Municipality, with a population of 101,574 as of 2025.

Silkeborg is located in the middle of the Jutlandic peninsula, slightly west of the geographical centre of Denmark. The city is situated on the Gudenå River in the hilly and lush landscape of Søhøjlandet, surrounded by Denmark's largest forest district and a great number of lakes. Silkeborg is also known as Denmark's outdoor capital. The lakes between Silkeborg and Ry that are linked by the Gudenå, are known collectively as Silkeborgsøerne (the Silkeborg lakes).
The city is divided along an east–west axis by the lake of Silkeborg Langsø, which at the eastern side of the city, flows into the Gudenå River.
Larry Demic
Lawrence Curtis Demic (born June 27, 1957) is an American former professional basketball player for the New York Knicks in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played three seasons with the Knicks from 1979 through 1982. Demic played college basketball for the Arizona Wildcats, where he was an All-Pac-10 first team selection in 1979. He was drafted in the 1979 NBA draft in the first round with the ninth overall pick by New York.

In 1983, he played for the Crispa Redmanizers in the Open Conference of the Philippine Basketball Association, teaming up with Billy Ray Bates to win the championship and the Grand Slam for the Redmanizers.

Crispa Redmanizers
The Crispa Redmanizers were a multi-titled Filipino basketball team that played in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) from 1975 to 1984. It was one of the nine founding teams of the PBA, winning a total of thirteen PBA championships, including two grand slams. Founded in 1956 by businessman Valeriano "Danny" Floro, the team was owned by P. Floro and Sons, Inc. (defunct).
2022 FIFA World Cup Group H
Matches in Group H of the 2022 FIFA World Cup took place from 24 November to 2 December 2022. The group consisted of Portugal, Ghana, Uruguay and South Korea. The top two teams, Portugal and South Korea, advanced to the round of 16. Uruguay exited the tournament after failing to progress the group stage for the first time since 2002, with South Korea's shock 2–1 victory over Portugal contributing to the elimination.

Mohammed Salisu
Mohammed Salisu Abdul Karim (born 17 April 1999) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for  Ligue 1 club Monaco and the Ghana national team.

Salisu started his senior career with Valladolid, featuring for the reserve side before making his first team debut in 2019. He made 34 appearances for the club before joining Southampton for a £10.9 million fee in 2020.