hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Traumatic stress
Traumatic stress is a common term for reactive anxiety and depression, although it is not a medical term and is not included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The experience of traumatic stress include subtypes of anxiety, depression and disturbance of conduct along with combinations of these symptoms. This may result from events that are less threatening and distressing than those that lead to post-traumatic stress disorder. The fifth edition of the DSM describes in a section titled "Trauma and Stress-Related Disorders" disinhibited social engagement disorder, reactive attachment disorder, acute stress disorder, adjustment disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Adjustment disorder
Adjustment disorder is a mental disorder defined by a maladaptive response to a psychosocial stressor. The maladaptive response usually involves otherwise normal emotional and behavioral reactions that manifest more intensely than usual (considering contextual and cultural factors), causing marked distress, preoccupation with the stressor and its consequences, and functional impairment.

Diagnosis of adjustment disorder is common, with lifetime prevalence estimates for adults ranging from 5 to 21%. Adult women are diagnosed twice as often as men. Among children and adolescents, girls and boys are equally likely to be diagnosed with an adjustment disorder.

Adjustment disorder was introduced into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) in 1980.

Another name for adjustment disorder is stress response syndrome, as well as situational depression, since depression is one of the most common symptoms.
Zendejas
Zendejas is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Zendejas, Mexican-American footballer

Cristian Zendejas (born 1999), American football player

Joaquin Zendejas (born 1960), American football player

Luis Zendejas (born 1961), American football player

Marty Zendejas (born 1964), American football player

Max Zendejas (born 1963), Mexican player of American football

Samadhi Zendejas (born 1994), Mexican actress

Tony Zendejas (born 1960), American football player

Luis Zendejas
Luis Fernando Zendejas (born October 22, 1961) is a Mexican former player of American football who was a placekicker in the National Football League (NFL) for the Minnesota Vikings, Philadelphia Eagles and Dallas Cowboys. He also was a member of the Arena Football League (AFL). He later played professionally in the United States Football League (USFL), and Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the Arizona State Sun Devils.
Geoffrey de Montbray
Geoffrey de Montbray (died 1093), also known as Montbrai, Mowbray or Geoffrey of Coutances, was a Norman nobleman, secular prelate, warrior and administrator who was Bishop of Coutances from 1049 to 1093. He was an adviser of William the Conqueror. Robert de Mowbray was his heir and nephew.

Cotentin Peninsula
The Cotentin Peninsula (US: /ˌkoʊtɒ̃ˈtæ̃/, French: [kɔtɑ̃tɛ̃]; Norman: Cotentîn [kotɑ̃ˈtẽ] ⓘ), also known as the Cherbourg Peninsula, is a peninsula in Normandy that forms part of the northwest coast of France.  It extends north-westward into the English Channel, towards Great Britain. To its west lie the Gulf of Saint-Malo and the Channel Islands, and to the southwest lies the peninsula of Brittany.

The peninsula lies wholly within the department of Manche, in the region of Normandy.
Edward Fitzgerald (adviser)
Edward Joseph Fitzgerald was an American who worked for the War Production Board during World War II and was an adviser to Senator Claude Pepper.  He was alleged to have been a member of the Perlo group of Soviet spies.  Fitzgerald's name in Venona project decrypt 588 New York to Moscow, 29 April 1944, was sent in the clear to Moscow by Soviet Case Officer Iskhak Akhmerov reporting on Elizabeth Bentley's meeting with Perlo group.

Iskhak Akhmerov
Iskhak Abdulovich Akhmerov (Russian: Исха́к Абду́лович Ахме́ров, Tatar: Исхак Габдулла улы Әхмәров, romanized: İsxaq Ğabdulla ulı Əxmərov) (1901–1976) was a highly decorated OGPU/NKVD (KGB) Soviet security officer, best known to historians for his role in KGB operations in the United States 1942–1945.  His name appears in the Venona decryptions over fifty times, often as signatory, and on his return to the Soviet Union in 1945/46, he rose to deputy chief of the KGB's 'illegal' intelligence section.
Chris Tiller
Christopher James Tiller (born October 25, 1978) is an American former Major League Baseball umpire. He made his debut on May 28, 2005, and umpired his last game on August 19, 2011. He wore uniform number 81.

Umpire (baseball)
In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling disciplinary actions. The term is often shortened to the colloquial form ump. They are also sometimes nicknamed blue due to the traditional color of the uniform worn by umpires. Although games were often officiated by a sole umpire in the formative years of the sport, since the turn of the 20th century, officiating has been commonly divided among several umpires, who form the umpiring crew.  The position is analogous to that of a referee in many other sports.
Buddleja indica
Buddleja indica is an evergreen shrub native to Madagascar, the Comoro Islands, and the Mascarene Islands, where it grows from the coast into the mountains up to elevations of 2000 m in either scrub or clearings. B. indica was named and described by Lamarck in 1785.

Mascarene Islands
The Mascarene Islands (English: /mæskəˈriːn/; French: Mascareignes [maskaʁɛɲ] ⓘ) or Mascarenes or Mascarenhas Archipelago is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar consisting of islands belonging to the Republic of Mauritius as well as the French department of Réunion. Their name derives from the Portuguese navigator Pedro Mascarenhas, who first visited them in April 1512. The islands share a common geological origin beneath the Mascarene Plateau known as the Mauritia microcontinent which was a Precambrian microcontinent situated between India and Madagascar until their separation about 70 million years ago. They form a distinct ecoregion with unique biodiversity and endemism of flora and fauna.
Ollie O'Connor (Limerick hurler)
Ollie O'Connor (born 2 April 1959) was an Irish hurler who played for Limerick Senior Championship club Ballybrown. He played for the Limerick senior hurling team for a number of years, during which time he usually lined out as a right corner-forward.

Ballybrown GAA
Ballybrown GAA club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Clarina, County Limerick, Ireland. The club fields teams in both hurling and Gaelic football. In 2018, Ballybrown fielded teams at Senior, Junior A and Junior B in hurling, while also a team at Junior A in football. Ballybrown's biggest rivals are neighbours Patrickswell, the two clubs sharing 22 senior titles between them.

The club have two pitches in the village of Clarina. One pitch is to the north, towards Tervoe and one to the South, towards Elm Park and Breska Beg.
Carla Killough McClafferty
Carla Killough McClafferty (born July 11, 1958) is an American author of non-fiction for children, writing mostly about science and history. The International Reading Association awarded the 2007 Children's Book Award for Intermediate Nonfiction to her book Something Out of Nothing: Marie Curie and Radium. The National Council of Teachers of English gave a 2008 Orbis Pictus Recommended book designation to In Defiance of Hitler: The Secret Mission of Varian Fry.

International Literacy Association
The International Literacy Association (ILA), formerly the International Reading Association (IRA), is an international global advocacy and member professional organization that was created in 1956 to improve reading instruction, facilitate dialogue about research on reading, and encourage the habit of reading across the globe.

The organization is headquartered in Newark, Delaware, United States, with a network of more than 300,000 literacy educators, researchers, and experts across 128 countries. The current President of the Board is Dana A. Robertson.
Max von der Grün
Max von der Grün (German: [maks fɔn dɐ̯ ɡʁyːn] ⓘ; 25 May 1926 – 7 April 2005) was a German novelist.

Max von der Grün was born in Sankt Georgen (Bayreuth) and grew up in Mitterteich. After a clerical apprenticeship, he became a paratrooper during World War II in 1944. He was captured by U.S. forces near Quimper (France) and became a prisoner of war, spending three years in prison camps in Scotland, Louisiana, Texas, and New Mexico.

After his release, he worked as a bricklayer, and from 1951 to 1963 in the Zeche Königsborn mine near Unna. He started writing in 1955, initially poetry, later focusing on worker-class themes.

He wrote approximatly 20 books, one of them being: "Vorstadtkrokodile."

He was a founding member of the Dortmunder Gruppe 61, and a member of the International PEN.

Von der Grün died in Dortmund.

Fallschirmjäger
The Fallschirmjäger (German: [ˈfalʃɪʁmˌjɛːɡɐ] ⓘ) were the airborne forces branch of the Luftwaffe before and during World War II. They were the first paratroopers to be committed in large-scale airborne operations. They were commanded by Kurt Student, the Luftwaffe's second-in-command.
2010–11 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team
The 2010–11 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team represented the University of Idaho during the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team played the first part of their season at Memorial Gym while waiting for the football season to end, and then played at the Cowan Spectrum in Moscow, Idaho. They were members of the Western Athletic Conference and were led by third-year head coach Don Verlin. They finished the season 18–14, 9–7 in WAC play. They lost in the quarterfinals of the 2011 WAC men's basketball tournament to San Jose State. They were invited to the 2011 CollegeInsider.com Tournament, where they lost in the first round to San Francisco.

2011 WAC men's basketball tournament
The 2011 WAC men's basketball tournament was held March 9–12 at the Orleans Arena in Paradise, Nevada to crown a champion of the Western Athletic Conference. The tournament was won by Utah State for their 2nd WAC tournament title to earn an automatic bid to the 2011 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament.
Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center
Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center (CBMC), formerly Saint Barnabas Medical Center (SBMC), is a 597-bed non-profit major teaching hospital located in Livingston, New Jersey. An affiliate of RWJBarnabas Health (formerly known as Barnabas Health and Saint Barnabas Health Care System), it is the oldest and largest nonprofit, nonsectarian hospital in New Jersey.

Obstetrics and gynaecology
Obstetrics and gynaecology (also spelled as obstetrics and gynecology; abbreviated as Obst and Gynae, O&G, OB-GYN and OB/GYN) is the medical specialty that encompasses the two subspecialties of obstetrics (covering pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period) and gynaecology (covering the health of the female reproductive system  – vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts). The specialization is an important part of care for women's health.

Postgraduate training programs for both fields are usually combined, preparing the practising obstetrician-gynecologist to be adept both at the care of female reproductive organs' health and at the management of pregnancy, although many doctors go on to develop subspecialty interests in one field or the other.
Dimitrios Andromedas
Dimitrios Andromedas (17 March 1889 – 17 June 1929) was a Greek decathlete.

He competed in four events at the 1920 Summer Olympics. He finished seventeenth in the pentathlon and failed to finish the decathlon. He also competed in the 110 metres hurdles and the high jump without reaching the final.

Migrating to the United States already before World War I, he was known as James Andromedas and settled in Lowell, Massachusetts. He was a member of the Lowell Greek-American Club and the YMCA, and coached at the Worcester Academy. He died of pneumonia at the age of 30.

Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 110 metres hurdles
The men's 110 metres hurdles event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1920 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on Tuesday, August 17, 1920, and on Wednesday, August 18, 1920. 24 runners from 15 nations competed. No nation had more than 4 runners, suggesting the limit had been reduced from the 12 maximum in force in 1908 and 1912. The event was won by Earl Thomson of Canada in world record time, the first victory by any nation other than the United States in the men's 110 metres hurdles and the first time that any non-U.S. nation had even been on the podium since 1896. Thomson, who had lived in the United States since age 8, had wanted to run for the U.S. team but was ineligible due to his Canadian citizenship. A British flag was displayed at the medal ceremony rather than a Canadian one because the organizing officials did not have the appropriate flag.
Credit Valley Railway
The Credit Valley Railway was a railway located in Ontario, Canada from Toronto to St. Thomas. Chartered in 1871 by Ontario railway magnate George Laidlaw, it operated as an independent company until 1883 when it was leased by the Ontario and Quebec Railway, a Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) operating company building a network of lines in southern Ontario.

The section from Toronto to Woodstock remains in use as the CPR mainline through Ontario, forming portions of what is now the Galt and Windsor Subdivisions. The section from Woodstock to St. Thomas is operated by OSR as a short line railway. Until recently, the branch to Orangeville was currently operated as the Orangeville Brampton Railway; it will become a walking path. The Elora branch was abandoned and converted to rail trail use.

Canadian Railroad Historical Association
The Canadian Railroad Historical Association (CRHA) (French: L'Association canadienne d'histoire ferroviaire (ACHF)) is a non-profit organization established in 1932 in Canada and is "devoted to preserving and interpreting Canada's railway heritage, which its founders and members have safeguarded from coast to coast."  It is headquartered in Saint-Constant, Quebec and organized into 8 divisions located across the country.

The CRHA has owned and operated the Canadian Railway Museum, currently branded as ExpoRail, since 1961.  It also has published the magazine Canadian Rail since 1937.
Brusand Station
Brusand Station (Norwegian: Brusand stasjon) is a railway station located at Brusand in the municipality of Hå in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located on the Sørland Line. The station is served by Jæren Commuter Rail between Stavanger and Egersund. The station is 54.17 kilometers (33.66 mi) south of the city of Stavanger and was opened one year after Jæren Line was completed, in 1879. Prior to 1922, the name was simply Bru.

Rogaland
Rogaland (Norwegian: [ˈrûːɡɑlɑn] ⓘ) is a county in Western Norway, bordering the North Sea to the west and the counties of Vestland to the north, Telemark to the east and Agder to the east and southeast. As of 1 January 2024, it had a population of 499,417 people.

The administrative centre of the county is the city of Stavanger, which is the third largest city in Norway.
Dichomeris ptychosema
Dichomeris ptychosema is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1913. It is found in Assam, India.

The wingspan is 14–17 mm (0.55–0.67 in). The forewings are whitish ochreous, strigulated with fuscous and dark fuscous irroration (sprinkles) and with a small dark fuscous spot on the base of the costa, a short mark in the middle, another beyond three-fourths, and several dots between these. There is also a small blackish-fuscous spot on the fold at one-fourth. The second discal stigma is moderate, dark fuscous, with the plical and first discal minute or obsolete, the plical beneath the first discal. The hindwings are iridescent grey.

Iridescence
Iridescence (also known as goniochromism) is the phenomenon of certain surfaces that appear gradually to change colour as the angle of view or the angle of illumination changes. Iridescence is caused by wave interference of light in microstructures or thin films. Examples of iridescence include soap bubbles, feathers, butterfly wings and seashell nacre, and minerals such as opal. Pearlescence is a related effect where some or most of the reflected light is white. The term pearlescent is used to describe certain paint finishes, usually in the automotive industry, which actually produce iridescent effects.
Tiryakle
Tiryakle (Russian: Тирякле; Bashkir: Тирәкле, Tiräkle) is a rural locality (a village) in Sakmarsky Selsoviet, Zianchurinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 75 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Zianchurinsky District
Zianchurinsky District (Russian: Зианчу́ринский райо́н; Bashkir: Ейәнсура районы, Yeyänsura rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic and borders with Kugarchinsky District in the north, Zilairsky District in the northeast and east, Khaybullinsky District in the east, and with Orenburg Oblast in the south and west. The area of the district is 3,342.35 square kilometers (1,290.49 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Isyangulovo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,626, with the population of Isyangulovo accounting for 26.9% of that number.
Stuffed ham
Stuffed ham is a variety of ham in which cabbage, kale, onions, spices and seasonings are chopped and mixed, then stuffed into deep slits slashed in a whole corned or smoked ham. The ham is covered with extra stuffing, wrapped in a cloth to hold everything together, and then boiled until the meat and greens are fully cooked. Stuffed ham is believed to have originated in Southern Maryland, specifically in St. Mary's County, and remains popular in that region to this day. Often used as a Christmas ham, this preparation has been popular for at least 200 years. Typically the ham has a distinctively spicy flavor due to added seasoning. Recipes vary widely, since they are traditionally passed down from one family member to another.

Salting (food)
Salting is the preservation of food with dry edible salt. It is related to pickling in general and more specifically to brining, also known as fermenting (preparing food with brine, that is, salty water), and is one form of curing. It is one of the oldest methods of preserving food, and two historically significant salt-cured foods are salted fish (usually dried and salted cod or salted herring) and salt-cured meat (such as bacon).  Vegetables such as runner beans and cabbage are also often preserved in this manner.

Salting is used because most bacteria, fungi and other potentially pathogenic organisms cannot survive in a highly salty environment, due to the hypertonic nature of salt.  Any living cell in such an environment will become dehydrated through osmosis and die or become temporarily inactivated. Fine grained salts were more expensive but also absorbed moisture faster than coarse salt.
Woodhouse Mill railway station
Woodhouse Mill railway station was opened in 1840 by the North Midland Railway on its line between Rotherham Masborough and Chesterfield.

It was situated to the south of the main A57 road shortly after this left the City of Sheffield and served Woodhouse Mill, near Sheffield, Orgreave, Fence and (Aston cum Aughton), all within Rotherham, South Yorkshire.

It may initially have been simply a halt, but the Midland Railway installed an island platform with a timber and brick booking office at its centre. Nearby was Orgreave Coke Works and Fence Colliery. It closed in 1953.

The station was located between that at Treeton and the original North Midland station at Beighton.  The line is still in use today but has been a freight only route since July 1954, although it is very occasionally used as a diversionary route and by excursions not calling at Sheffield. It serves as a bypass line which keeps freight trains away from the congested lines through central Sheffield.

Rotherham
Rotherham (/ˈrɒðərəm/ ⓘ RODH-ər-əm) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It lies at the confluence of the River Rother, from which the town gets its name,  and the River Don. It is the largest settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham.

Before the Industrial Revolution, traditional industries included farming, glass making and flour milling. In the late 18th and 19th centuries, Rotherham became known for its coal mining and, later, steel industries. The town's historic county is Yorkshire, and Rotherham was once part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. In 1974, this administrative county was abolished during a reorganisation of local government. Subsequently, Rotherham became part of the county of South Yorkshire, where it makes up one of four metropolitan boroughs.

Rotherham had a population of 109,691 in the 2011 census. The borough had a 2024 population of 276,595, the 64th most populous district in England.
Gbakpodji
Gbakpodji is an arrondissement in the Mono department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Bopa. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 5,509.

Mono Department
Mono [mo.no] is one of the twelve departments of Benin, with its capital at Lokossa. It is named for the Mono River which forms much of the border with Togo. The northern areas of the department were split off to create the newly formed Kouffo Department in 1999. Mono is subdivided into six communes, each centred at one of the principal towns, namely, Athiémè, Bopa, Comè, Grand-Popo, Houéyogbé and Lokossa. It has an area of 1,396 square kilometres (539 sq mi).

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 497,243, with 241,554 males and 255,689 females. The proportion of women was 51.40%. The total rural population was 50.30%, while the urban population was 49.70%. The total labour force in the department was 142,220, of which 48.60% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 48.70%.
Dennis White (police commissioner)
Dennis A. White (born c. 1962) is an American police officer who was briefly Commissioner of the Boston Police Department in 2021. After being sworn in on February 1, 2021, White was placed on leave two days later, as the city conducted an investigation into a 1999 allegation of domestic violence against his wife and teenage daughter. On June 7, 2021, Acting Mayor Kim Janey fired White after legal challenges.

Police commissioner
A police commissioner is the head of a police department, responsible for overseeing its operations and ensuring the effective enforcement of laws and maintenance of public order. They develop and implement policies, manage budgets, and coordinate with other law enforcement agencies and community groups. Additionally, the commissioner handles high-profile cases, addresses public concerns, and represents the department in various forums.