hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard C. Lukas
Richard Conrad Lukas (born August 29, 1937) is an American historian and author of books and articles on military, diplomatic, Polish, and Polish-American history. He specializes in the history of Poland during World War II.

Before retiring from active teaching in 1995, he taught and did research at Tennessee Technological University, Wright State University, and the University of South Florida.

Lukas is best known for The Forgotten Holocaust: The Poles Under German Occupation, 1939–1944 (1986), a study of the wartime experience of the Polish people.

The Polish Review
The Polish Review is an English-language academic journal published quarterly in New York City by the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of America. The Polish Review was established in 1956, as a successor of the PAU Bulletin. It has been described as having as a mission "to be the premier English-language outlet for Polish-centered scholarship".
Intima Virtual Base
Intima Virtual Base is an institute for contemporary arts founded by the director and artist Igor Štromajer. It is an institution dealing with media, contemporary performing arts, radio and sound projects, performance and theory, body-related theory, music, dance, choreography, and computer graphics. In 2001 Igor Štromajer and Brane Zorman embarked on projects that they named Ballettikka Internetikka.

Volksbühne
The Volksbühne ("People's Theatre") is a theater in Berlin. Located in Berlin's city center Mitte on Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz (Rosa Luxemburg Square) in what was the GDR's capital. It has been called Berlin's most iconic theatre.
Lunar resources
The Moon bears substantial natural resources which could be exploited in the future. Potential lunar resources may encompass processable materials such as volatiles and minerals, along with geologic structures such as lava tubes that, together, might enable lunar habitation. The in-situ use (ISRU) of resources on the Moon may provide a means of reducing the cost and risk of lunar exploration and beyond.

Resource mapping and sample-return missions have enhanced the understanding of the potential for lunar ISRU. An assessment in 2019 concluded that knowledge was not yet sufficient to justify the commitment of large financial resources to implement an ISRU-based campaign. The determination of resource availability will drive the selection of sites for human settlement.

Ilmenite
Ilmenite is a titanium-iron(II) oxide mineral with the idealized formula FeTiO3. It is a weakly magnetic black or steel-gray solid. Ilmenite is the most important ore of titanium and the main source of titanium dioxide, which is used as white pigment in paints, printing inks, fabrics, plastics, paper, sunscreen, food and cosmetics.
Maya Dunietz
Maya Dunietz (Hebrew: מאיה דוניץ; April 16, 1981 in Tel Aviv), is an Israeli musician and artist, combining a solo career with collaborations with renowned musicians: Emahoy Tsegué-Maryam Guèbrou, Roscoe Mitchell, John Tilbury, Habiluim, and many others. Her works are exhibited in venues such as Centre Pompidou Paris, Athens Onassis Center, Frac Paca, CCA Tel Aviv and Bemis Center for Contemporary Art.

Ana-Maria Avram
Ana-Maria Avram (1961– 1 August 2017) was a Romanian composer, pianist, conductor and musicologist. Avram was the co-conductor of the Hyperion Ensemble and co-founder and artistic director of the Spectrum XXI festival, which was designed to showcase innovative Romanian music.
Johann Wilhelm Baum
Johann Wilhelm Baum, sometimes known as Jean Guillaume Baum (7 December 1809, in Flonheim – 28 November 1878, in Strasbourg) was a German Protestant theologian, known for his studies involving the Protestant Reformation.

From 1828 to 1833 he studied philology and theology at the Protestant seminary and at the theological faculty in Strasbourg. From 1847 onward, he served as a pastor at St. Thomas Church in Strasbourg. In 1860 he became a professor of ancient languages and literature at the Protestant seminary, where in 1864 he was named a professor of homiletics. In 1872 he was appointed professor of practical theology at the university.

St Thomas' Church, Strasbourg
St Thomas' Church (French: Église Saint-Thomas, German: Thomaskirche) is a historic building in Strasbourg, eastern France. It is the main Lutheran church of the city since its cathedral became Catholic again after the annexation of the town by France in 1681. It is nicknamed the "Protestant Cathedral" (la cathédrale du Protestantisme alsacien, Kathedrale der Protestanten) or the Old Lady (Die alte Dame), and the only example of a hall church in the Alsace region. The building is located on the Route Romane d'Alsace. It is classified as a Monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture since 1862. Its congregation forms part of the Protestant Church of Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine.
Michel Balinski
Michel Louis Balinski (born Michał Ludwik Baliński; October 6, 1933 – February 4, 2019) was an American and French applied mathematician, economist, operations research analyst and political scientist. Educated in the United States, from 1980 he lived and worked in France. He was known for his work in optimisation (combinatorial, linear, nonlinear), convex polyhedra, stable matching, and the theory and practice of electoral systems, jury decision, and social choice. He was Directeur de Recherche de classe exceptionnelle (emeritus) of the C.N.R.S. at the École Polytechnique (Paris). He was awarded the John von Neumann Theory Prize by INFORMS in 2013.

Michel Louis Balinski died in Bayonne, France. He maintained an active involvement in research and public appearances, his last public engagement took place in January 2019.

Eduardo Propper de Callejón
Eduardo Propper de Callejón (9 April 1895 – 11 January 1972) was a Spanish diplomat who is remembered mainly for having facilitated the escape of thousands of Jews from Occupied France during World War II between 1940 and 1944.

He was the father-in-law of the British banker Raymond Bonham Carter and the maternal grandfather of the British actress Helena Bonham Carter, as well as a great-grandfather of American film director and screenwriter Katherine Propper.
CAA Art Museum
CAA Art Museum (CAAM) (simplified Chinese: 中国美术学院美术馆; traditional Chinese: 中國美術學院美術館; pinyin: Zhōngguó měishù xuéyuàn měishùguǎn), is an art museum affiliated to China Art Academy (CAA) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. Despite its history dating back to 1935, the Museum became open to the public in 2003 after its building was reconstructed. Now, the museum comprises three sub-museum, including the Art Museum, the Design Museum and the Folk Crafts Museum. In 2015, the museum was listed among the 13 key art museums of China by the Ministry of Culture.

Ministry of Culture (China)
The Ministry of Culture (MOC) was a constituent department of the State Council of China in charge of culture. Its responsibilities encompassed cultural policy and activities in the country, including managing national museums and monuments; promoting and protecting the arts (including censorship of visual, folk, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic works); and managing the national archives and regional culture centers. Its headquarters were in Chaoyang District, Beijing. On 19 March 2018, it was merged with the China National Tourism Administration to establish the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.
Robert John Wilson
Robert John Wilson (14 July 1865 – 5 November 1946) was Labour MP for Jarrow.

Born in Gateshead, Wilson was privately educated before becoming the manager of a drapers' shop.  He joined the Labour Party and was elected to Sunderland Borough Council in 1907.  He stood in Newcastle-upon-Tyne North at the 1918 general election, but was defeated.  However, he won the seat of Jarrow at the 1922 general election, standing down from the council after his win.  From 1924, he served as Parliamentary Private Secretary to William Leach.  He lost his seat to the Conservatives at the 1931 general election.

Sunderland City Council
Sunderland City Council is the local authority of Sunderland, a metropolitan borough with city status in the ceremonial county of Tyne and Wear in North East England. It is one of five such councils in Tyne and Wear and one of 36 in England. It provides the majority of local government services in Sunderland.

The council has been under Labour majority control since the formation of the metropolitan borough in 1974. It is based at City Hall on Plater Way. The council is a member of the North East Combined Authority.
Trinity Business School, Trinity College Dublin
Trinity Business School (TBS) is one of the 24 academic schools of Trinity College Dublin in Ireland. Located on Pearse Street, the business school is triple accredited (AACSB/EQUIS/AMBA), a distinction held by under 1% of business schools worldwide. It offers programmes at undergraduate, postgraduate, MBA and Executive Education levels. In 2023 TBS was ranked as Ireland's best business school in the Financial Times Global MBA Ranking. At the same time, Trinity College Dublin ranked number 134 worldwide in the relevant Times Higher Education World University Rankings. The Eduniversal Best Masters ranking rates consistently all TBS graduate programmes among the 50 best worldwide.

Since 2023 the new Dean of Business School is Laurent Muzellec.

Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business
The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) is an American professional and accreditation organization. It was founded as the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business in 1916 to provide accreditation to business schools.: 2  AACSB is one of three business program accreditors.

Not all members of the association are accredited;: 92  the association also does not accredit for-profit schools. In 2019, the association received ISO 9001 certification. The association was once known as the American Association of Collegiate Schools of Business and as the International Association for Management Education.
IMM (Singapore)
The International Merchandising Mart Mall (usually referred to as IMM Mall) is an outlet mall owned by CapitaLand Mall Trust, located in Jurong East, Singapore. It is Singapore’s largest outlet mall with more than 100 outlet stores, offering up to 80% discount all year round. Opened in 1991, it is a five-storey mall with 961,281 square feet (89,305.9 m2) of retail space. Besides retail stores, it also houses offices and warehouses for storage, which is advantageous in terms of cost efficiency to some retailers. The mall has capacity for 235 retail outlets and 430 non-retail outlets. Anchor tenants of the mall include Giant Hypermarket, Daiso department store and Best Denki.

Outlet store
An outlet store, factory outlet or factory store is a brick and mortar or online store where manufacturers sell their merchandise directly to the public. Products at outlet stores are usually sold at reduced prices compared to regular stores due to being overstock, closeout, returned, factory seconds, or lower-quality versions manufactured specifically for outlets. Traditionally, a factory outlet was a store attached to a factory or warehouse, sometimes allowing customers to watch the production process, such as in the original L.L. Bean store. In modern usage, outlet stores are typically manufacturer-branded stores such as Gap or Bon Worth grouped together in outlet malls. The invention of the factory outlet store is often credited to Harold Alfond, founder of the Dexter Shoe Company.
Moussa Fall
Moussa Fall (born 28 August 1963) is a retired Senegalese runner who specialized in the 400 and 800 metres.

He was born in Saint-Louis, Senegal. He competed at the 1983 World Championships (400), the 1984 Olympic Games (800), the 1987 World Championships (800) and the 1988 Olympic Games without reaching the final. He also competed in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1983 World Championships, the 1984 Olympic Games and the 1988 Olympic Games, but the team never reached the final.

He won a silver medal at the 1987 Summer Universiade.

Regionally, he won silver medals at the 1984 and 1985 African Championships, a gold medal at the 1989 Jeux de la Francophonie.

His personal best time was 47.34 seconds in the 400 metres (1989) and 1:44.06 minutes in the 800 metres (1988).

Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres
The men's 800 metres at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea had an entry list of 70 competitors from 53 nations, with nine qualifying heats (70), four second-round races (32) and two semifinals (16), before the final (8) took off on Monday September 26, 1988. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by 0.35 seconds by Paul Ereng of Kenya, the first time a Kenyan runner had won the 800 metres; the nation had previously taken silver in 1968 and bronze in 1964 and 1972. Joaquim Cruz of Brazil did not defend his 1984 gold, finishing second; the silver medal made him the ninth man to win two medals in the event. Saïd Aouita took bronze, Morocco's first medal in the men's 800 metres.
Eggmühl
Eggmühl (formerly known in English as Eggmuhl or Eckmühl) is a village of Germany, in Bavaria, on the Große Laaber, 20 km S.E. of Regensburg. Since 1978, it is part of the municipality Schierling. It is famous as the site of a battle fought on the 22 April 1809 during the War of the Fifth Coalition between the French, the Bavarians, the Württembergers under Napoleon, and the Austrians under the Archduke Charles, which resulted in the defeat of the latter. Napoleon, in recognition of Marshal Davout's great share in the victory, conferred on him the title of Prince of Eckmühl.

Große Laber
Große Laber (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʁoːsə ˈlaːbɐ] ⓘ, lit. 'Big Laber'; also: Große Laaber) is a river in Bavaria, Germany, a right tributary of the Danube.

Its source is near Volkenschwand. It is 87 km (54 mi) long. It flows northeast through the small towns Rottenburg an der Laaber, Schierling and Rain. It flows into the Danube near Straubing.
2014 Colchester Borough Council election
The 2014 Colchester Borough Council election took place on 22 May 2014 to elect members of Colchester Borough Council in Essex, England. One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.

Borough status in the United Kingdom
Borough status is granted by royal charter to local government districts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The status is purely honorary, and does not give any additional powers to the council or inhabitants of the district. In Scotland, similarly chartered communities were known as royal burghs, although the status is no longer granted.
Sticholonche
Sticholonche is a genus of radiolarians with a single species, Sticholonche zanclea, found in open oceans at depths of 99–510 metres.  It is generally considered a heliozoan, placed in its own order, called the Taxopodida.  However it has also been classified as an unusual radiolarian, and this has gained support from genetic studies, which place it near the Acantharea.

Sticholonche are usually around 200 μm, though this varies considerably, and have a bilaterally symmetric shape, somewhat flattened and widened at the front.  The axopods are arranged into distinct rows, six of which lie in a dorsal groove and are rigid, and the rest of which are mobile.  These are used primarily for buoyancy, rather than feeding.  They also have fourteen groups of prominent spines, and many smaller spicules, although there is no central capsule as in true radiolarians.

Acantharia
The Acantharia are a group of radiolarian protozoa, distinguished mainly by their strontium sulfate skeletons. Acantharians are heterotrophic marine microplankton that range in size from about 200 microns in diameter up to several millimeters. Some acantharians have photosynthetic endosymbionts and hence are considered mixotrophs.
Glenville, Cleveland
Glenville is a neighborhood on the East Side of Cleveland, Ohio. To the north, it borders the streetcar suburb of Bratenahl, the Cleveland Memorial Shoreway, and the Lake Erie shore, encompassing the Cleveland Lakefront Nature Preserve. To the east, it borders the suburb of East Cleveland, and to the south, it borders the neighborhoods of Hough and University Circle. Glenville borders the Collinwood area to the northeast at East 134th Street, and St. Clair–Superior to the west at Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard and the Cleveland Cultural Gardens in Rockefeller Park.

Ohio State Route 2
State Route 2 (SR 2), formerly known as Inter-county Highway 2 until 1921 and State Highway 2 in 1922, is an east–west highway crossing most of northern Ohio and the fourth longest state route. Its western terminus is at the Indiana state line near Hicksville where the route becomes Indiana State Road 37 which continues to Fort Wayne, Indiana. The eastern terminus of the route is in Painesville Township in Lake County at U.S. Route 20 (US 20).
Dirty Laundry (All Time Low song)
"Dirty Laundry" is a song by American rock band All Time Low for their seventh studio album, Last Young Renegade (2017). It was released as the album's lead single on February 17, 2017 and serves as the group's first release on the Fueled by Ramen label. The song impacted American alternative radio on March 7, 2017.

Fueled by Ramen
Fueled by Ramen, LLC (Fueled by Ramen, Inc. until 2005) is an American record label owned by Warner Music Group and distributed by Atlantic Music Group. The label, founded in Gainesville, Florida, in 1996, is now based in New York City.
Gosauseen
Gosauseen are three lakes in the south-western, Alpine part of Upper Austria. They are situated near the town of Gosau, which is close to Salzburg. The mountains that encircle the lakes are called the Dachstein Mountains, whose glaciers partially shaped the landforms and still influence the hydrology of the area.

Eastern Alps
The Eastern Alps are usually defined as the area east of a line from Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine valley, up to the Splügen Pass at the Alpine divide, and down the Liro River to Lake Como in the south. The peaks and mountain passes are lower than the Western Alps, while the range itself is broader and less arched.
Lawrence Onoja
Lawrence Anebi Onoja listenⓘ (born 10 August 1948) was the military governor of Plateau State, Nigeria from 1986 to July 1988 and then of Katsina State until December 1989 during the military regime of General Ibrahim Babangida.
He later became Principal Staff Officer to General Sani Abacha, before being arrested for alleged involvement in a coup attempt. He retired from the army in 1998, and after the return to democracy in May 1999 with the Nigerian Fourth Republic entered into politics.

Ohimini
Ohimini is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Idekpa-Okpikwu. Ohimini was created out of the present Otukpo Local Government Area of Benue State. The major district under the Ohimini Local Government is Onyagede, which shares a boundary with Kogi State, and it has the following villages: Amoke, Enumona, Ogodu, Awume, Ikpoke, Ogoli, Ogande, Ugofu, Ipolabakpa, Umonomi, Iyaya, Okpikwu, Agadagba, Oglewu, and Idekpa, the capital.

It has an area of 632 km2 and a population of 71,482 at the 2006 census.
Nicylla
Nicylla is a monotypic genus of Sumatran jumping spiders containing the single species, Nicylla sundevalli. It was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1890, and is only found on Sumatra. Briefly considered a synonym of Thiania, it was elevated back to genus status in 2017.

Thiania, circumscribed to include Nicylla, is placed in the tribe Euophryini, part of the Salticoida clade of the subfamily Salticinae.

Tamerlan Thorell
Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell (3 May 1830 – 22 December 1901) was a Swedish arachnologist.

Thorell studied spiders with Giacomo Doria at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Genoa. He corresponded with other arachnologists, such as Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, Eugène Simon and Thomas Workman.

He described more than 1,000 spider species during his time from the 1850s to 1900.

Thorell wrote: On European Spiders (1869) and Synonym of European Spiders (1870-73).
Underwater explosion
An underwater explosion (also known as an UNDEX) is a chemical or nuclear explosion that occurs under the surface of a body of water. While useful in anti-ship and submarine warfare, underwater bombs are not as effective against coastal facilities.

Rayleigh–Taylor instability
The Rayleigh–Taylor instability, or RT instability (after Lord Rayleigh and G. I. Taylor), is an instability of an interface between two fluids of different densities which occurs when the lighter fluid is pushing the heavier fluid. Examples include the behavior of water suspended above oil in the gravity of Earth, mushroom clouds like those from volcanic eruptions and atmospheric nuclear explosions, supernova explosions in which expanding core gas is accelerated into denser shell gas, merging binary quantum fluids in metastable configuration, instabilities in plasma fusion reactors and inertial confinement fusion.
Drifting States
Drifting States (French: Les États nordiques) is a Canadian docufiction film, directed by Denis Côté and released in 2005. The film stars Christian Leblanc as Christian, a man from Montreal who is hiding out in the isolated town of Radisson after mercy killing his chronically ill mother.

The film, Côté's feature-length debut, was shot on a budget of just $80,000, and performed primarily by non-professional actors.

Writing for 24 images, André Roy compared the film to the works of Jacques Leduc, particularly Ordinary Tenderness (Tendresse ordinaire) and The Last Glacier (Le dernier glacier).

The film won a Golden Leopard Award in the Video category at the Locarno Film Festival in 2005, and a Woosuk "Indie Vision" Award at the Jeonju International Film Festival in 2006.

Locarno Film Festival
The Locarno International Film Festival is a major international film festival held annually in Locarno, Switzerland. Founded in 1946, the festival screens films in various competitive and non-competitive sections, including feature-length narrative, documentary, short, avant-garde, and retrospective programs. The Piazza Grande section is held in an open-air venue that seats 8,000 spectators.

The top prize of the festival is the Golden Leopard, awarded to the best film in the International Competition. Other awards include the Leopard of Honour for career achievement, and the Prix du Public, the public choice award.
Arsène Hobou
Arsène Hobou (born 30 October 1967) is an Ivorian former footballer. He played in 37 matches for the Ivory Coast national football team from 1987 to 1996. He was also named in the Ivory Coast's squad for the 1988 African Cup of Nations tournament.

1988 African Cup of Nations
The 1988 African Cup of Nations was the 16th edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the association football championship of Africa (CAF). It was hosted by Morocco, who replaced original host Zambia. Just like in 1986, the field of eight teams was split into two groups of four. The tournament final was held in Casablanca at Stade Mohamed V. Cameroon won its second championship, beating Nigeria in the final 1−0.

This tournament has the fewest goals-per-game average in Africa Cup of Nations tournaments.