hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Developmental bioelectricity
Developmental bioelectricity is the regulation of cell, tissue, and organ-level patterning and behavior by electrical signals during the development of embryonic animals and plants. The charge carrier in developmental bioelectricity is the ion (a charged atom) rather than the electron, and an electric current and field is generated whenever a net ion flux occurs. Cells and tissues of all types use flows of ions to communicate electrically. Endogenous electric currents and fields, ion fluxes, and differences in resting potential across tissues comprise a signalling system. It functions along with biochemical factors, transcriptional networks, and other physical forces to regulate cell behaviour and large-scale patterning in processes such as embryogenesis, regeneration, and cancer suppression.

Charge carrier
In solid state physics, a charge carrier is a particle or quasiparticle that is free to move, carrying an electric charge, especially the particles that carry electric charges in electrical conductors. Examples are electrons, ions and holes. In a conducting medium, an electric field can exert force on these free particles, causing a net motion of the particles through the medium; this is what constitutes an electric current. 
The electron and the proton are the elementary charge carriers, each carrying one elementary charge (e), of the same magnitude and opposite sign.
Chattahoochee (film)
Chattahoochee is a 1989 American drama film directed by Mick Jackson and starring Gary Oldman and Dennis Hopper. The film is based on the real-life experiences of Chris Calhoun in a Florida state mental institution. Calhoun later met James Hicks who wrote the script. It was turned down by several major studios before being accepted by Hemdale Film Corporation, a small British-owned, Los Angeles–based company that also produced Platoon, Hoosiers, The Last Emperor, and Salvador.

Salvador (film)
Salvador is a 1986 war drama film co-written and directed by Oliver Stone. It stars James Woods as Richard Boyle, alongside Jim Belushi, Michael Murphy and Elpidia Carrillo, with John Savage and Cynthia Gibb in supporting roles. Stone co-wrote the screenplay with Boyle.

The film tells the story of an American journalist covering the Salvadoran Civil War who becomes entangled with both the FMLN and the right-wing military dictatorship while trying to rescue his girlfriend and her children. The film is highly sympathetic toward the left-wing revolutionaries and strongly critical of the US-supported military dictatorship, focusing on the murder of four American Catholic missionaries, including Jean Donovan, and the assassination of Archbishop Óscar Romero by death squads. The film was nominated for two Academy Awards: Best Actor in a Leading Role (Woods) and Best Writing, Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen (Stone and Boyle).
Eric Peters (tennis)
Eric Conrad Peters (10 August 1903 – 28 December 1985) was a British tennis player.

An Oxford graduate, Peters played a patient, defensive brand of tennis. He was active in the late 1920s to 1930s, and was featured regularly at Wimbledon. He made the mixed doubles quarter-finals of the 1930 Wimbledon Championships with Elsie Pittman. His most famous victory was over Bill Tilden at Cannes in 1930, becoming the first British amateur to defeat the American. He also had a career win over Bunny Austin and once took Jean Borotra to five sets.

Peters, who was involved in his family's brewery business, married tennis player Effie Hemmant in 1932.

Jean Borotra
Jean Laurent Robert Borotra (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ʁɔbɛʁ bɔ.ʁotʁa], Basque pronunciation: [borotɾa]; 13 August 1898 – 17 July 1994) was a French tennis champion. He was one of the "Four Musketeers" from his country who dominated tennis in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Borotra was imprisoned in Itter Castle during the latter years of World War II and subsequently fought in the Battle for Castle Itter.
Olivia Judson
Olivia P. Judson (born 1970) is a British evolutionary biologist and science writer. She is a former journalist for The Economist, a former online columnist for The New York Times and has published in a number of other publications, including National Geographic, The Atlantic and the Financial Times. Judson was a fellow of the Berlin Institute for Advanced Study in 2010–2011, and a Guggenheim fellow in 2020.

Berlin Institute for Advanced Study
The Institute for Advanced Study in Berlin (German: Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin) is an interdisciplinary institute founded in 1981 in Grunewald, Berlin, Germany, dedicated to research projects in the natural and social sciences.  It is modeled after the original IAS in Princeton, New Jersey and is a member of Some Institutes for Advanced Study.

The purpose of the institute is to offer scholars and scientists the opportunity to concentrate on projects of their own choosing for one academic year, free from administrative duties.  The institute embraces a balance of both distinguished senior scholars and promising younger researchers, drawn from a wide range of cultural backgrounds. The institute has been headed by historian Barbara Stollberg-Rilinger as rector since September 2018.
Iqbal Singh Chahal
Iqbal Singh Chahal (born 20 January 1966) is a retired 1989 batch IAS officer of Maharashtra cadre. He is the former Municipal Commissioner and Administrator of Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) and is former Additional Chief Secretary in the Maharashtra Chief Minister's office. Prior to this, Chahal has served Government of Maharashtra and India in various capacities. In his initial career he was collector of Thane and Chatrapati Sambhajinagar districts, later on he was Joint Secretary in Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Women & Child Development and Ministry of Panchayati Raj. Following that he was also Principal Secretary in Water Resources Department and Urban Development Department of Maharashtra. Post retirement, he served as Chairman of the Mumbai Police Housing Township Project for a period of five years.

Ministry of Home Affairs (India)
The Ministry of Home Affairs (IAST: Gṛha Mantrālaya) is a ministry of the Government of India. It is mainly responsible for the maintenance of internal security and domestic policy. It is headed by the minister of home affairs.

The Ministry of Home Affairs is also the Cadre Controlling Authority for the Indian Police Service (IPS), DANIPS, DANICS and Central Secretariat Official Language Service (CSOLS).
Jean Pierre Rothschild
Jean Pierre Rothschild (born in Paris, 1956) is Director Emeritus of Studies in Historical and Philological Sciences at École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) and Director Emeritus of Research at the Institute for Research and History of Texts (IRHT) at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), specializing in Philology, History of Philosophy, Medieval Philosophy, and Latin and Hebrew studies and texts. He serves as co-editor and co-director of the French quarterly Revue des Études Juives (Review of Jewish Studies, established in the year 1880) and in 2023 was awarded the Prix Duchalais from Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres (AIBL, Academy of Inscriptions and Literature) for his editorial work on "La bibliothèque de l’abbaye de Clairvaux du XIIe au XVIIIe siècle, t. II. Manuscrits conservés. Troisième partie : Cotes O, P, Q".

Latino studies
Latino studies is an academic discipline which studies the experience of people of Latin American ancestry in the United States. Closely related to other ethnic studies disciplines such as African-American studies, Asian American studies, and Native American studies, Latino studies critically examines the history, culture, politics, issues, sociology, spirituality (Indigenous) and experiences of Latino people. Drawing from numerous disciplines such as sociology, history, literature, political science, religious studies and gender studies, Latino studies scholars consider a variety of perspectives and employ diverse analytical tools in their work.
International Society for the History of Pharmacy
The International Society for the History of Pharmacy (ISHP) is a non profit international society devoted to the academic study of the history of pharmacy. The umbrella organization of 29 national societies promotes research, teaching and publication in pharmaceutical history. It regularly organizes congresses and awards a research grant every two years. Publication organs are an annual newsletter and the peer-reviewed journal Pharmaceutical Historian, which is published in cooperation with the British Society for the History of Pharmacy.

Umbrella organization
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members.
Ilha Verde
Ilha Verde, also known by its Cantonese name Cing-zau and Mandarin name Qingzhou, is an area in the northwest of Macau Peninsula, Macau, that forms part of the Our Lady Fatima Parish. It is a former island—known in English as Verde or Green Island—to the west of the Macau Isthmus. It was settled by Jesuits.

Ilha Verde was connected to the Macau Peninsula in 1895 when a causeway (now Avenida do Conselheiro Borja) was built. Since then reclamation projects around the island took place and now it is annexed to be a part of Macau Peninsula.

Colina da Ilha Verde is a hill comprising much of Ilha Verde. The hill is 54.5 m (178.8 ft) tall, the sixth tallest in Macau. The government built barracks on the hill in 1865 and much of the island was of military area for decades, due to it being close to the Chinese border. The area used to be a crab-catching place but ceased to be upon the completion of the Ilha Verde cement factory in 1887.

Causeway
A causeway is a track, road or railway on the upper point of an embankment across "a low, or wet place, or piece of water". It can be constructed of earth, masonry, wood, or concrete. One of the earliest known wooden causeways is the Sweet Track in the Somerset Levels, England, which dates from the Neolithic age. Timber causeways may also be described as both boardwalks and bridges.
Harry W. Addison
Harry Wayne Addison (September 8, 1920 – August 24, 2003) was a writer from the American south and a humorist whose works painted vivid portraits of his experiences growing up as a poor boy in Depression-era rural Louisiana.  While he never received much recognition on a national level, Addison enjoyed modest success, not only from his writings, but also his frequent public speaking appearances throughout Louisiana and much of the South.  He was a favorite orator at college and high school graduations, as well as meetings of regional civic organizations.  A veteran of World War II, Addison received the Bronze Star for bravery in combat while serving on Iwo Jima. He moved to Rayville, Louisiana in 1945, where he resided until 1957. He was a longtime resident of Monroe, Louisiana. His works include Write That Down For Me Daddy (1974) ISBN 0-88289-116-2, RFD #3 (1977) ISBN 1-56554-114-6, and Mama Was a Con Man, Papa Was a Christian (1989) ISBN 1-56554-547-8.

Rayville, Louisiana
Rayville is a town in and the parish seat of Richland Parish in northeastern Louisiana, United States. The population was 3,347 in the 2020 census, down nearly 21 percent from 4,234 in 2000.

The City Hall, located next to the U.S. Post Office across from U.S. Highway 80, is named for former Rayville Mayor Joe Kalil (1922–1996).
Nockowa
Nockowa [nɔt͡sˈkɔva] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Iwierzyce, within Ropczyce-Sędziszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

It is the hometown of Pieczone pierogi św. Jacka ("baked pierogi of St. Hyacinth"), recognized by the Polish government as a traditional product.

Ropczyce-Sędziszów County
Ropczyce-Sędziszów County (Polish: powiat ropczycko-sędziszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Ropczyce, which lies 28 kilometres (17 mi) west of the regional capital Rzeszów. The only other town in the county is Sędziszów Małopolski, lying 6 km (4 mi) east of Ropczyce.

The county covers an area of 548.89 square kilometres (211.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 74,416, out of which the population of Ropczyce is 15,836, that of Sędziszów Małopolski is 12,357, and the rural population is 46,223.
Szilvia Szabó
Szilvia Szabó (born 24 October 1978, in Budapest) is a Hungarian canoe sprinter who competed from 1997 to 2005. Competing in two Summer Olympics, she won three silvers (2000: K-2 500 m, K-4 500 m; 2004: K-4 500 m).

Szabó has also had outstanding success at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships, winning nineteen medals. This includes thirteen golds (K-2 500 m: 2001, 2002, 2003; K-2 1000 m: 2002, K-4 200 m: 1999, 2002, 2003; K-4 500 m: 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003; K-4 1000 m: 2001, 2005), three silvers (K-1 200 m: 2005, K-4 500 m: 1997, 1998), and three bronzes (K-1 200 m: 2001, K-2 500 m: 1999, K-4 500 m: 2005).

1997 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1997 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada on Lake Banook.

The men's competition consisted of nine Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Eight events were held for the women, all in kayak. Women's K-1 1000 m and K-2 1000 m events were added.

This was the 28th championships in canoe sprint.
The Fifth Sorceress
The Fifth Sorceress is a 2002 debut epic fantasy novel by American writer Robert Newcomb. It is the first entry in The Chronicles of Blood and Stone trilogy, followed by The Gates of Dawn (2003), and The Scrolls of the Ancients (2004). It follows a prince named Tristan on his quest to save the world from a coven of evil sorceresses.

The book was a critical and commercial flop, with critics calling it derivative and some  accusing it of misogyny, sexism, and homophobia due to its portrayal of women and their supposed promiscuity.

High fantasy
High fantasy, or epic fantasy, is a subgenre of fantasy defined by the epic nature of its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, or plot. High fantasy is usually set in an alternative, fictional ("secondary") world, rather than the "real" or "primary" world. This secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world. By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set on Earth, the primary or real world, or a rational and familiar fictional world with the inclusion of magical elements.
Mathieu Doby
Mathieu Doby (born 3 May 1982 in Grenoble, France) is a French-born Belgian slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2004, representing France. He has represented Belgium since 2007.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics he competed in the K1 event where he finished in 11th place after being eliminated in the semifinals.

Canoeing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's slalom K-1
The men's canoe slalom K-1 competition at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place between 29 July and 1 August at the Lee Valley White Water Centre.

Twenty-two canoeists from 22 countries competed. Daniele Molmenti of Italy won the gold medal.
Mesnier
Mesnier is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Louis Mesnier (1884–1921), French footballer

Paul Mesnier (1904–1988), French film director

Roland Mesnier (1944–2022), French-American pastry chef and culinary writer

Thomas Mesnier (born 1986), French physician and politician

Roland Mesnier
Roland Mesnier (July 8, 1944 – August 26, 2022) was a French-born American pastry chef and culinary writer. His creations during his twenty-five years as executive pastry chef (1980–2004) at the White House earned him the reputation of a creative genius.
Lancair 320
The Lancair 320 is a two-seat single-engined light aircraft marketed in kit form by the U.S. general aviation manufacturer Lancair. It is based on the Lancair 235, but with a larger fuselage and more powerful engine, and like the 235, it is a low-winged monoplane of composite construction with a retractable tricycle undercarriage, with side-by-side seating in an enclosed cockpit.  The Lancair 360 is similar, but with a more powerful engine.

In 1990 the ACT Apache 1, based on the Lancair 320 was proposed to be jointly built by Aerotech S.A. of Switzerland and Aviation Composite Technology Inc. in the Philippines for use by the Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Philippine National Police.

Tricycle landing gear
Tricycle gear is a type of aircraft undercarriage (i.e. landing gear) that is arranged in the fashion of a tricycle, with a single one/two-wheeled front undercarriage (i.e. the nose gear) under the cockpit and two multi-wheeled main gears slightly aft of the center of gravity, usually just behind the wings. This is in contrast to the conventional landing gear (a.k.a. "taildragger") that is arranged with two front gears and one tail gear, more commonly seen in early aircraft but rare nowadays except among propeller-powered light aircraft and some amphibious aircraft.

Tricycle gears are the most ubiquitous undercarriage arrangements for modern aircraft due to the convenience of takeoff, landing and taxiing, especially among the heavier jet aircraft where the engines and wings (and thus the aircraft's center of mass) tend to be more rearwards than conventional gear aircraft and a tail-down flare is typically performed when landing.
Bill Mitchell (ice hockey)
William Richard Mitchell (February 22, 1930 – April 1, 2014) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defencemen. He played in one National Hockey League game for the Detroit Red Wings during the 1963–64 NHL season, on February 23, 1964 against the Montreal Canadiens. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1948 to 1973 and was spent in various minor leagues. He also played for the Canadian national team, winning a silver medal at the 1962 World Championships. He died at a hospice in Toledo, Ohio in 2014, of kidney failure.

1962 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1962 Ice Hockey World Championships was the 29th edition of the Ice Hockey World Championships. The tournament was held in Colorado Springs and Denver, United States from  8 to 18 March 1962. This was the first World Championship hosted in North America that was not part of ice hockey at the Olympic Games. It also remains the only IIHF World Championship ever held in the United States that was not also part of the Olympics.

The World Championships were in jeopardy of being cancelled to the political situation in Europe and the Berlin Wall. Sweden won their third World, and their ninth European title.  Canada, represented by the Galt Terriers, lost only to the Swedes finishing second, followed by the host Americans.  In the 'B' pool, the Australian team defeated Denmark for their first victory ever.
Red Hills (Charlottesville, Virginia)
Red Hills is a historic home and farm complex located near Charlottesville, Albemarle County, Virginia.  It consists of a two-story, five bay brick main section built about 1797 in the Georgian style, and two brick rear wings.  It has a modern, one-story frame wing.  The front facade features one-story, gabled portico of Colonial Revival design added about 1939. Also on the property are a contributing barn (early-20th century), corncrib and shed (early-20th century), shed (late-19th century), well (19th century), and slave cemetery (19th century).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Albemarle County, Virginia
Albemarle County is located in the Piedmont region of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. Its county seat is Charlottesville, which is an independent city entirely surrounded by the county. Albemarle County is part of the Charlottesville Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 112,395.

Albemarle County was created in 1744 from the western portion of Goochland County, though portions of Albemarle were later carved out to create other counties. Albemarle County was named in honor of Willem Anne van Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle. Its most famous inhabitant was Thomas Jefferson, who built his estate home, Monticello, in the county.
Claude Marcel
Claude Victor André Marcel Knight, Leg Hon (31 August 1793 - 17 January 1876) was a French diplomat and language teacher who served in Cork as an official representative of the French government between 1816 and April 1863 and was additionally a teacher of French and the author of a two-volume study of language education published in London in 1853 under the title Language as a Means of Mental Culture and International Communication; or, Manual of the Teacher and the Learner of Languages. He has been seen as pioneer of applied linguistics.

Applied linguistics
Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field which identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems. Some of the academic fields related to applied linguistics are education, psychology, communication research, information science, natural language processing, anthropology, and sociology. Applied linguistics is a practical use of language.
PFUnit
pFUnit is a Fortran programming language framework for unit testing following the xUnit model. Capabilities include parallel execution using MPI and OpenMP. Development began at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in 2005. The framework makes extensive use of modern standard features of Fortran (2003, 2008), like support for object-oriented programming.  A python-based preprocessor provides directives reminiscent of other xUnit testing frameworks (e.g. @assert), as well as support for parameterized test cases.  pFUnit can be built using either a GNU make or CMake process.

It is published under the NASA Open Source Agreement version 1.3.

Unit testing
Unit testing, a.k.a. component or module testing, is a form of software testing by which isolated source code is tested to validate expected behavior.

Unit testing describes tests that are run at the unit-level to contrast testing at the integration or system level.
Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans of the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area
The Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans of the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and contiguous Atlantic Area, or ACCOBAMS, is a regional international treaty that binds its States Parties on the conservation of Cetacea in their territories. The Agreement aims is to reduce threats to Cetaceans in the Mediterranean and Black Seas, as well as in the contiguous Atlantic area west of the Straits of Gibraltar.

Strait of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar, also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa.
The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between 300 and 900 metres (980 and 2,950 feet; 160 and 490 fathoms).

The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar in case of continuous transit.