hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Human Communication Research
Human Communication Research is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering empirical work in any area of human communication and human symbolic processes. It was established in 1974 and the current editor-in-chief is Yariv Tsfati (University of Hafai) and Steven R. Wilson (University of South Florida). It is published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Communication Association. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 5.0 ranking it 13th out of 96 journals in the category "Communication".

University of Haifa
The University of Haifa (Hebrew: אוניברסיטת חיפה, Arabic: جامعة حيفا) is a public research university located on Mount Carmel in Haifa, Israel. Founded in 1963 as a branch of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the University of Haifa received full academic accreditation as an independent university in 1972, becoming Israel's sixth academic institution and the fourth university. The university has the largest university library in Israel. As of 2019, approximately 18,000 students were enrolled at the University of Haifa. Among Israeli higher education institutions the University of Haifa has the largest percentage (41%) of Arab-Israeli students.
KPMG United FC
KPMG United FC is a football club of the Turks and Caicos Islands. It was renamed PWC Athletic in 2006. The team won the MFL League title in 2003–04 and 2004–05 under the name KPMG United FC and in 2007–08 as PWC Athletic.

KPMG
KPMG International Limited is a British multinational professional services network, headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is one of the Big Four accounting firms, along with Ernst & Young (EY), Deloitte, and PwC. As of December 2024, KPMG comprised 46 firms.

The name "KPMG" stands for "Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler". The initialism was chosen when KMG (Klynveld Main Goerdeler) merged with Peat Marwick in 1987.

KPMG has three divisions: financial audit, tax, and consulting. Its tax and advisory services are further divided into various service groups. In the 21st century, various parts of the firm's global network of affiliates have been involved in regulatory actions as well as lawsuits.
Minister of Education (Finland)
The Minister of Education (Finnish: opetusministeri, Swedish: undervisningsminister) is one of the 19 ministerial portfolios which comprise the Finnish Government. The Minister of Education leads Finland's Ministry of Education and Culture.

Finland's incumbent Minister of Education is Anders Adlercreutz of the Swedish People's Party.

Ministry of Education and Culture (Finland)
The Ministry of Education and Culture (Finnish: Opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriö, Swedish: Undervisnings- och kulturministeriet) is one of the twelve ministries in Finland. It prepares laws and oversees the administration of matters relating to education (such as daycare, schools and universities), and culture (such as  museums, libraries and arts), as well as sports and science.

The Ministry of Education and Culture is one of the oldest ministries in Finland. It was started as the Ecclesiastical Department in 1809, when the Grand Duchy of Finland was an autonomous part of the Russian Empire.
History of amateur radio
The history of amateur radio, dates from the dawn of radio communications, with published instructions for building simple wireless sets appearing at the beginning of the twentieth century.  Throughout its history, amateur radio enthusiasts have made significant contributions to science, engineering, industry, and social services. Research by amateur radio operators has founded new industries, built economies, empowered nations, and saved lives in times of emergency.

Amateur radio operator
An amateur radio operator is someone who uses equipment at an amateur radio station to engage in two-way personal communications with other amateur operators on radio frequencies assigned to the amateur radio service. Amateur radio operators have been granted an amateur radio license by a governmental regulatory authority after passing an examination on applicable regulations, electronics, radio theory, and radio operation. As a component of their license, amateur radio operators are assigned a call sign that they use to identify themselves during communication. About three million amateur radio operators are currently active worldwide.

Amateur radio operators are also known as radio amateurs or hams. The term "ham" as a nickname for amateur radio operators originated in a pejorative usage (like "ham actor") by operators in commercial and professional radio communities, and dates to wired telegraphy. The word was, in the 1920s, adopted by amateur radio operators.
Logan Neidlinger
Logan Neidlinger (born September 6, 2005) is an American soccer player who plays as both a defender and a midfielder for USL Championship club Indy Eleven. Neidlinger became the youngest goal scorer in Indy Eleven history on August 11, 2024, in a home match against New Mexico United.

2024 Indy Eleven season
The 2024 Indy Eleven season was a domestic season for Indy Eleven, a professional soccer club based in Indianapolis, Indiana, beginning in February 2024 and ending in November 2024, comprising 40 competitive matches and 6 friendlies. It was also the club's eleventh season of existence, their eleventh consecutive season in the second tier of American soccer, and their seventh season in the USL Championship. The team also participated in the U.S. Open Cup, making the semi-finals for the first time in the club's history.
Al-Atassi Mosque
The Al-Atassi Mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد ٱلْأَتَاسِيّ, romanized: Masjid al-ʾAtāsīy), also known as the Great Al-Atassi Mosque, is a mosque in Homs, Syria. It is situated in a public park on the site of a former graveyard at the foot of the mound on which the remains of the citadel stand.

Completed in 1913 CE, the mosque is named after Hashim al-Atassi, three-time Syrian President from the Al-Atassi family, a prominent landowning and politically active family from Homs. The mosque features a late Ottoman style that combines lead domes and slender hexagonal minarets. It is notable for the colors of the Aleppo marble in the mihrab and the ivory pulpit.

Hashim al-Atassi
Hashem al-Atassi (Arabic: هاشم الأتاسي, romanized: Hāšim al-ʾAtāsī; 11 January 1875 – 5 December 1960) was a Syrian politician and statesman who served as the President of Syria on three occasions from 1936 to 1939, 1949 to 1951 and 1954 to 1955.
Aaron Reed
Aaron Charles Reed (born July 20, 1977) is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the 7th district of the Kentucky Senate. His district represents Anderson, Shelby, Spencer counties, and part of Jefferson.

Spencer County, Kentucky
Spencer County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the total population was 19,490. Its county seat is Taylorsville. The county was founded in 1824 and named for Spier Spencer.

Spencer County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY—IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Taylorsville Lake, located primarily within Spencer County, serves as a major economic resource for the area. Spencer was a dry county until 2009 when the county's residents voted to overturn the ban on alcohol sales. From 2000 to 2005, Spencer County ranked 19th out of all U.S. counties in percent growth, with a 33% increase.
Arjun Khotkar
Arjun Panditrao Khotkar (born 1 January 1962)  is an Indian politician from Ekanath Shinde's Shiv Sena. He was a MLA elected from Jalna in Marathwada as a member of Shiv Sena. He has been elected four times to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly for 1990, 1995, 2004 and 2014. On 25 November 2017, his 2014 election from Jalna constituency was declared void by Aurangabad Bench of Bombay High Court for filing his nomination papers after deadline has ended.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Excellence-class cruise ship
The Excellence class, including the sub-classes Helios and XL or Excel, is a class of cruise ships ordered by Carnival Corporation & plc for its subsidiary brands AIDA Cruises, Costa Cruises, P&O Cruises and Carnival Cruise Line. The ships are being constructed by Meyer Werft at their shipyard in Papenburg, Germany, and Meyer Turku at their shipyard in Turku, Finland. The first, AIDAnova, entered service for AIDA Cruises in 2018.

Papenburg
Papenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈpaːpm̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; East Frisian Low Saxon: Papenbörg) is a city in the district of Emsland, Lower Saxony, Germany, situated at the river Ems. It is known for its large shipyard, the Meyer-Werft, which specializes in building cruise liners.
Paul Edwards (philosopher)
Paul Edwards (September 2, 1923 – December 9, 2004) was an Austrian-American moral philosopher. He was the editor-in-chief of Macmillan's eight-volume Encyclopedia of Philosophy from 1967, and lectured at New York University, Brooklyn College and the New School for Social Research from the 1960s to the 1990s.

The New School for Social Research
The New School for Social Research (NSSR), previously known as The University in Exile and The New School University, is a graduate-level educational division of The New School in New York City, United States. NSSR enrolls more than 1,000 students from the United States, as well as students from other countries.
2025 Tajik Super Cup
The 2025 Tajik Supercup was the 16th Tajik Supercup, an annual Tajik football match played between the winners of the previous season's Tajikistan Higher League and Tajikistan Cup. The match was contested by 2024 League champions Istiklol, and Cup Champions Regar-TadAZ.

Tajikistan Cup
The Jomi Tojikiston (Tajik: Ҷоми Тоҷикистон; Russian: Кубок Таджикистана), or Tajikistan Cup, is the top knockout football tournament of Tajikistan. Tajikistan Cup was established in 1992. Now 1xbet is the sponsor and the sponsored name for the cup is 1xbet Çomi Toçikiston.

The Cup winner qualifies to play the Tajikistan Premier League winner for the Tajikistan Super Cup. The winner of the competition ordinarily got a spot in the AFC Champions League Two.
Élisabeth Garouste
Élisabeth Garouste (born 17 July 1946) is a French interior designer.

The daughter of Russian immigrants Salomon and Blima Rochline, she was born Élisabeth Catherine Rochline in Paris, was educated at the Académie Charpentier and studied interior design at the École Camondo. In 1970, she married painter Gérard Garouste.

Garouste designed theatre sets for Jean-Michel Ribes. She later went on to work with Mattia Bonetti to design furniture; their designs have appeared in museums including the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Centre Georges Pompidou, the Musée des arts décoratifs et du design de Bordeaux and the Guggenheim Museum, They were awarded the Prix Créateurs at the Salon International du Meuble in Paris.

Garouste also has collaborated with other designers such as Christian Lacroix and Nina Ricci and designs glassware and wallpaper.

Garouste received the Trophée des femmes en or in 1993.

Musée des Arts Décoratifs et du Design
The Museum of Decorative Arts and Design (French: Musée des Arts décoratifs et du Design) is a French museum located into a former 18th-century Bordeaux aristocratic mansion, which presents today a collection of Decorative arts and furniture. Since 2013, the museum also deals with modern design.
Pratap Singh Singhvi
Pratap Singh Singhvi (born 18 February 1957) is an Indian politician currently serving as a member of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, representing the Chhabra Assembly constituency as a member of the Bhartiya Janta Party.

Following the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, he was elected as an MLA from the Chhabra Assembly constituency, defeating Karan Singh, the candidate from the Indian National Congress (INC), by a margin of 5,108 votes.

2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in Rajasthan on 25 November 2023 to elect 199 of the 200 members of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. The results were declared on 3 December 2023. The election for the Karanpur seat was adjourned following the death of Rajasthan PCC candidate Gurmeet Singh Kooner.

The BJP Rajasthan wrested power by winning 115 seats, unseating the Indian National Congress from power and continuing the trend of governments changing every five years in the state. Bhajan Lal Sharma became the Chief Minister of Rajasthan.
John E. Jacobs
John Earl Jacobs (November 29, 1903 – May 24, 1971) was an American educator most notably for serving as an administrator at what is now known as Emporia State University. Before serving as the Kansas State Teachers College (KSTC) interim president of, Jacobs was the Supervisor of Secondary Education at KSTC and served as principal of a couple of high schools before coming to Emporia.

Emporia State University
Emporia State University (Emporia State or ESU) is a public university in Emporia, Kansas, United States. Established in March 1863 as the Kansas State Normal School, Emporia State is the third-oldest public university in the state of Kansas. Emporia State is one of six public universities governed by the Kansas Board of Regents.

The university offers degrees through seven schools, one college, and one institute: the School of Business and Technology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Library and Information Management, School of Science and Mathematics, School of Visual and Performing Arts, School of Applied Health Sciences, The Teachers College, and the Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies. Prior to the 2023–24 school year, Emporia State only had two schools and colleges.
Polekhs
Polekhs (Russian: Полехи, romanized: Polekhi) are a subethnic group of Russians settled along the Desna River and Seym River and mixed with local populations of Belarusians and Lithuanians. Most of them retained the Russian Orthodox religion.

Lithuanians
Lithuanians (Lithuanian: lietuviai) are a Baltic ethnic group. They are native to Lithuania, where they number around 2,378,118 people. Another two million make up the Lithuanian diaspora, largely found in countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Brazil and Canada. Their native language is Lithuanian, one of only two surviving members of the Baltic language family along with Latvian. According to the census conducted in 2021, 84.6% of the population of Lithuania identified themselves as Lithuanians. Most Lithuanians belong to the Catholic Church, while the Lietuvininkai who lived in the northern part of East Prussia prior to World War II, were mostly Lutherans.
Alexander Kurakin (1697)
Prince Alexander Borisovich Kurakin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Бори́сович Кура́кин; August 10, 1697 – October 13, 1749) was a statesman and diplomat from the Kurakin family: an Active Privy Councillor, the Ober-Stallmeister (1736), a senator.

Active Privy Councillor
Active Privy Councillor (Russian: действительный тайный советник, deystvitelnyi taynyi sovetnik) was the civil rank (ru: чин / chin) in the Russian Empire, according to the Table of Ranks introduced by Peter the Great in 1722. That was a civil rank of the 2nd class and equal to those of General-in-Chief in the Army and Admiral in the Navy. The rank holder should be addressed as Your High Excellency (Russian: Ваше Высокопревосходительство, Vashe Vysokoprevoskhoditelstvo). If the Foreign Minister had the rank of the 2nd class, he could be called Vice-Chancellor.
James Pounder Whitney
James Pounder Whitney (30 November 1857, Marsden, West Yorkshire – 17 June 1939, Cambridge) was a British ecclesiastical historian.

Educated at King James's Grammar School, Almondbury and Owens College, Manchester, he was a foundation scholar at King's College, Cambridge, gaining firsts in the mathematics and history triposes in 1881. A fellow of King's College, he was ordained an Anglican priest in 1895. After various clerical and teaching appointment, he was professor of ecclesiastical history at King's College London from 1908 to 1918. He was Dixie Professor of Ecclesiastical History at the University of Cambridge from 1919 to 1939. He was joint editor of The Cambridge Medieval History from 1907 to 1922.

Victoria University of Manchester
The Victoria University of Manchester, usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester, was a university in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University. After the break-up of the Victoria University, it gained an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester.

On 1 October 2004, the Victoria University of Manchester merged with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form a new, larger entity named the University of Manchester.
PS Success
PS Success is a historic paddle steamer in Victoria, Australia. Originally built as a snagging steamer in June 1877, it is currently being restored by the Port of Echuca to full working order. When operational, it will be added to the fleet of paddle steamers at Echuca Wharf.

During her working life, the Success spent her working days towing barges containing red gum, wool, and other cargo along the river system, while also operated as a passenger vessel between Swan Hill and Mildura during the years of 1915–1916.  The Success was also used to rescue sheep from flooded stations during the 1956 Murray River flood.

In 1996, decades after being abandoned near Neds Corner station, the remains of the Success were recovered and moved to the Old Mildura Homestead. After almost 10 years of restoration efforts made by volunteers, the hull was relocated to the Port of Echuca with intention of further restoration.

Swan Hill
Swan Hill is a city in the northwest of Victoria, Australia on the Murray Valley Highway and on the south bank of the Murray River, downstream from the junction of the Loddon River. At the 2021 census, Swan Hill had a population of 11,508.
Timex Computer 2048
The Timex Computer 2048 or TC 2048 is a 1984 computer developed by Timex Portugal (the Portuguese branch of Timex Corporation), at the time part of Timex Sinclair.
It was based on the Timex Sinclair 2048 prototype (see below), with a similar redesign case, composite video output, Kempston joystick interface, and additional video modes, while being highly compatible with the Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer (although ROM differences prevented 100% compatibility).

After connecting an external disk drive, Timex FDD3000, the computer could work under TOS - Timex Operating System or CP/M.

As Timex Portugal sold the Timex Sinclair models in Portugal and Poland under the Timex Computer brand, this computer is named "Timex Computer 2048", even though the "Timex Sinclair 2048" was never produced.

Sinclair Research
Sinclair Research Ltd is a British consumer electronics company founded by Clive Sinclair in Cambridge in the 1970s. In 1980, the company entered the home computer market with the ZX80 at £99.95, at that time the cheapest personal computer for sale in the United Kingdom. A year later, the ZX81 became available through retailers, introducing home computing to a generation, with more than 1.5 million sold. In 1982 the ZX Spectrum was released, becoming the UK's best selling computer, and competing aggressively against Commodore and Amstrad.

A combination of the failures of the Sinclair QL computer and the TV80 pocket television led to financial difficulties in 1985, and a year later Sinclair sold the rights to its computer products and brand name to Amstrad. Sinclair Research Ltd continued to exist as a one-man company, marketing Clive Sinclair's inventions.
King Solomon's Carpet
King Solomon's Carpet (1991) is a novel by Barbara Vine, pseudonym of Ruth Rendell. It is about the London Underground and the people frequenting it. Vine's novel is inhabited by ordinary passengers, tube aficionados, pickpockets, buskers, vigilantes, and children who go "sledging" on the roofs of train carriages as an initiation rite. The title of the book refers to the legend of King Solomon's magic carpet of green silk which, as it could fly and brought everyone to their destination, is likened to the underground. King Solomon's Carpet is one of the few novels set in London which should be read with the help of a tube map. It won the CWA Gold Dagger for best crime novel of the year in 1991.

Vigilantism
Vigilantism (/ˌvɪdʒɪˈlæntɪzəm/) is an act commonly summarized as "taking the law into one's own hands" which, according to Merriam Webster, means "to try to punish someone for breaking a law even though one does not have the right to do that." A vigilante is a person who practices or partakes in vigilantism.
Hitching post
A hitching post is a post to which a horse (or other animal) may be tethered to prevent it from straying.  The term can also refer to:

The "hitching post", a contentious punishment in the case of Hope v. Pelzer

The Hitching Post, a steakhouse restaurant

The Hitching Post, a pub in Ballycogley

The Hitching Post, a student publication of Wilson High School (Los Angeles, California)

The Hitching Post, a student publication of Marlboro High School

Hitching Post Plaza in Perinton, New York

Hitching Post Hill (Hyattsville, Maryland), a historic building in Hyattsville, Prince George's County, Maryland

Hitchin' Posts, a lost 1920 drama film directed by John Ford

The Hitching Post
The Hitching Post and The Hitching Post II are upscale American steakhouse restaurants located in Santa Barbara County, California, in California's Central Coast region. They are best known for their Santa Maria-style barbecue restaurants popular in the area.
Untitled Unmastered
Untitled Unmastered (stylized as untitled unmastered.) is a compilation album by American rapper Kendrick Lamar. It was released on March 4, 2016, through Top Dawg Entertainment, Aftermath Entertainment and Interscope Records. It consists of previously unreleased demos that originated during the recording of Lamar's album To Pimp a Butterfly (2015), continuing that work's exploration of politically charged and philosophical themes, as well as its experimentation with free jazz, soul, avant-garde music, and funk styles. The album received widespread acclaim from critics, and it debuted atop the US Billboard 200.

Avant-garde music
Avant-garde music is music that is considered to be at the forefront of innovation in its field, with the term avant-garde implying a critique of existing aesthetic conventions, rejection of the status quo in favor of unique or original elements, and the idea of deliberately challenging or alienating audiences. Avant-garde music may be distinguished from experimental music by the way it adopts an extreme position within a certain tradition, whereas experimental music lies outside tradition.
Shivajinagar, Ratnagiri
Shivajinagar is a small village in Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra state in Western India. The 2011 Census of India recorded a total of 1,089 residents in the village. Shivajinagar is 454.37 hectares in size.

Ratnagiri district
Ratnagiri district (Marathi pronunciation: [ɾət̪n̪aːɡiɾiː]) is a district in the state of Maharashtra, India. The administrative headquarter of the district is located in the town of Ratnagiri. The district is 11.34% urban. The district is bounded by the Arabian Sea to the west, Sindhudurg district to the south, Raigad district to the north and Satara, Sangli and Kolhapur districts to the east. This district is part of Konkan division.