hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Middeleer
Joseph Middeleer (Ixelles, 1865 – Assebroek, 1934 or 1939) was a Belgian painter and aquarellist known for his genre scenes, figures, landscapes and still lifes.  He was an academically trained artist whose style and themes reflected initially the retro genre style of Belgian Romantic-historical painting.  He also dealt with social realist themes and in the 1890s he painted a number of symbolist works.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
The Trial of Joan of Arc
The Trial of Joan of Arc (French: Procès de Jeanne d'Arc) is a 1962 French historical drama film written and directed by Robert Bresson. Florence Delay stars as Joan of Arc, a French military leader, who is undergoing a trial on the charge of heresy in 1431, during the Hundred Years' War.

Trial of Joan of Arc
The trial of Joan of Arc, a French military leader under Charles VII during the Hundred Years' War, began on 9 January 1431 and ended with her execution on 30 May. The trial is one of the most famous in history, becoming the subject of many books and films.

Joan was captured during the siege of Compiègne in 1430 by Burgundian forces and subsequently sold to their English allies. She was prosecuted by a pro-English ecclesiastical court at Rouen in 1431. The court found her guilty of heresy and she was burned at the stake. The verdict was later nullified at a rehabilitation trial, which was overseen by the inquisitor general Jean Bréhal in 1456. Considered a French national heroine, Joan was declared a saint by the Catholic Church in 1920.
Mining industry of Guinea
The mining industry of Guinea was developed during colonial rule. The minerals extracted consisted of iron, gold, diamond, and bauxite. Guinea ranks first in the world in bauxite reserves and 6th in the extraction of high-grade bauxite, the aluminium ore. The mining industry and exports of mining products accounted for 17% of Guinea's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2010. Mining accounts for over 50% of its exports. The country accounts for 94% of Africa's mining production of bauxite. The large mineral reserve, which has mostly remained untapped, is of immense interest for international firms.

In recent years, the mining industry in Guinea has suffered from controversy, specifically with respect to the iron ore mining industry and the block of mines in Northern Guinea.

In 2019, the country was the world's 3rd largest producer of bauxite. 
In 2023, Guinea became the top source of bauxite for China.

Mount Nimba mine
The Mount Nimba mine is a large iron mine located in southern Guinea in the Nzérékoré Region. Mount Nimba represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Guinea and in the world having estimated reserves of 6 billion tonnes of ore grading 68% iron metal.
Stawowice
Stawowice [stavɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Paradyż, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Paradyż, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Opoczno, and 73 km (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Opoczno County
Opoczno County (Polish: powiat opoczyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, south-east Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Opoczno, which lies 72 kilometres (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Drzewica, lying 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Opoczno.

The county covers an area of 1,038.77 square kilometres (401.1 sq mi). As of 2009 its total population is 78,467, out of which the population of Opoczno is 21,635 (2016), that of Drzewica is 3,913 (2016), and the rural population is 52,006.
Vuda (Open Constituency, Fiji)
Vuda Open is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 25 open constituencies that were elected by universal suffrage (the remaining 46 seats, called communal constituencies, were allocated by ethnicity).  Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. It was located in Ba Province, in the western part of the main island of Viti Levu.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

1999 Fijian general election
General elections were held in Fiji between 8 and 15 May 1999. They were the first election held under the revised Constitution of 1997, which instituted a new electoral system and resulted in Mahendra Chaudhry taking office as Fiji's first Indo-Fijian Prime Minister, following a landslide victory for the Fiji Labour Party. It was also a wipeout loss for the incumbent Soqosoqo ni Vakavulewa ni Taukei (SVT) government of Sitiveni Rabuka, which lost all but eight seats and won less seats than the Fijian Association Party (FAP).
Jaïr Tjon En Fa
Jaïr Tjon En Fa (born 19 October 1993) is a Surinamese male track cyclist and two time (2020 Tokyo & 2024 Paris) Olympian. He began cycling at the age of 13 in 2007 in his home country of Suriname. He competed in the sprint event at the 2013 UCI Track Cycling World Championships and also at the 2016 UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's sprint where he reached the 1/16th Final. At the 2017 UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's sprint he reached the 1/8th Final. He participated at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games in Veracruz, Mexico and won bronze in the Elite Sprint. He participated in the 2015 Pan Am Games in Toronto, Ontario, Canada where he was ranked 9th in the Men's Sprint and 6th in the Men's Keirin.

Cycling at the 2015 Pan American Games
Cycling competitions at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto were held July 10 to 25, 2015 at four different venues. The BMX competitions took place at the Centennial Park Pan Am BMX Centre in Toronto, the mountain biking competitions happened at the Hardwood Ski and Bike (Hardwood Mountain Bike Park) in Oro-Medonte, due to naming rights the venue was known as the latter for the duration of the games. The road races happened in the streets of Downtown Toronto with the start and finish being adjacent to the  Ontario Place West Channel. Finally the track cycling events occurred at the Milton Velodrome in Milton. The road cycling time trials happened in the streets surrounding the velodrome (Milton Time Trial Course).
Daniel Frost (earth scientist)
Daniel James Frost (born 29 November 1970) is a British earth scientist and Professor of Experimental Geosciences at the University of Bayreuth. His research focuses on the nature of Earth's deep interior, including the chemistry of the mantle and how it led to the development of the atmosphere, and the physical and chemical processes through which planets form.

University of Bayreuth
The University of Bayreuth (German: Universität Bayreuth) is a public research university located in Bayreuth, Germany. It is one of the youngest German universities. It is broadly organized into seven undergraduate and graduate faculties, with each faculty defining its own admission standards and academic programs in near autonomy.

The university offers several interdisciplinary courses such as Global Change Ecology, Theatre and Media Studies, and Health Economics. It is a member of the Elite Network of Bavaria (Elitenetzwerk Bayern), an educational policy concept of Bavaria for the promotion of gifted pupils and students in the higher education sector.
Second inauguration of Nicolás Maduro
The second inauguration of Nicolás Maduro as President of Venezuela took place on Thursday, 10 January 2019. The inauguration involved the swearing-in of Nicolás Maduro for his second term, and, especially within the context of Maduro's election, has been controversial and contested by various figures and organizations.

Inauguration
In government and politics, inauguration is the process of swearing a person into office and thus making that person the incumbent. Such an inauguration commonly occurs through a formal ceremony or special event, which may also include an inaugural address by the new official.

The word inauguration stems from the Latin augur, which refers to the rituals of ancient Roman priests seeking to interpret if it was the will of the gods for a public official to be deemed worthy to assume office.
Sahasindro
Sahasindro is a rural commune in Ambatosoa, Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Maroantsetra. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 6,214 in 2018.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 95% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crops are rice and vanilla, while other important agricultural products are coffee and cloves.  Services provide employment for 5% of the population.

The commune was only founded in 2015 when it was split off from Maroantsetra.

Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum (/sɪˈzɪdʒiːəm ˌærəˈmætɪkəm/). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics. Cloves are available throughout the year owing to different harvest seasons across various countries.
Valtos Province
Valtos Province (Greek: Επαρχία Βάλτου) is one of the five former provinces of Aetolia-Acarnania in Greece. It lies in the northern part of Aetolia-Acarnania. Its capital was Amfilochia. The Acheloos River was the border of the province to Evrytania. Its territory corresponded with that of the current municipality Amfilochia and the municipal unit Stratos. It was abolished in 2006. During Ottoman rule, the region of Valtos (which means "swamp" in Greek) was a haven for bandits and brigands. During the struggle for the liberation of Greece Valtos contributed many fighters and leaders to the Greek Revolution.

Achelous River
The Achelous (Greek: Αχελώος, Ancient Greek: Ἀχελῷος Akhelôios), also Acheloos, is a river in Epirus, western Greece. It is 220 km (137 mi) long. It formed the boundary between Acarnania and Aetolia of antiquity. It empties into the Ionian Sea. In ancient times its spirit was venerated as the river god Achelous.

Herodotus, taking notice of the shoreline-transforming power of the Acheloos River, even compared it to the Nile in this respect:

'There are other rivers as well which, though not as large as the Nile, have had substantial results. In particular (although I could name others), there is the Achelous, which flows through Acarnania into the sea and has already turned half the Echinades islands into mainland.' (2.10, trans. Waterfield)

It is said to have been called more anciently Thoas, Axenus and Thestius.
Northern Lights Community School
The Northern Lights Community School is a charter school in Warba, Minnesota, United States.  The Northern Lights Community School (NLCS), 6−12, uses project-based learning. The school also focuses on community service, by communicating with members and organizations of the community and by requiring 40 hours of community service each year.

Project-based learning
Project-based learning is a teaching method that involves a dynamic classroom approach in which it is believed that students acquire a deeper knowledge through active exploration of real-world challenges and problems.  Students learn about a subject by working for an extended period of time to investigate and respond to a complex question, challenge, or problem.  It is a style of active learning and inquiry-based learning. Project-based learning  contrasts with paper-based, rote memorization, or teacher-led instruction that presents established facts or portrays a smooth path to knowledge by instead posing questions, problems, or scenarios.
Castello Tramontano
Castello Tramontano is a 16th-century fortification situated on Lapellio Hill, above the historical city of Matera with in the Basilicata Administrative Region. It was built to control the local population.

The city has been used many times as a set to represent the Holy Land in films including: Pier Paolo Pasolini's "The Gospel According to St. Matthew" and Mel Gibson's "The Passion of the Christ".

Coercion castle
A coercion castle (German: Zwingburg) or coercive castle was a heavily fortified, medieval castle built to dominate the surrounding land.  Such castles were built mainly in the High and Late Middle Ages in order to protect those territories in areas where the population was not assessed as being entirely loyal to the sovereign. Because of the poor infrastructure of medieval Europe, the construction of castles was one of the most important ways of exercising power, which is why it was governed by royal rights (known as regalia). Examples of coercive castles are the Moritzburg in Halle, which was built in the late 15th century, and the Alte Burg in Koblenz.
Ladan Shams
Ladan Shams is an American psychologist and professor of psychology, BioEngineering, and Neuroscience at the University of California, Los Angeles. She is known for her works on multisensory perception and cognitive neuroscience. She is an associate editor of the journals Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, Multisensory Research, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review,  and Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.

Multisensory integration
Multisensory integration, also known as multimodal integration, is the study of how information from the different sensory modalities (such as sight, sound, touch, smell, self-motion, and taste) may be integrated by the nervous system. A coherent representation of objects combining modalities enables animals to have meaningful perceptual experiences. Indeed, multisensory integration is central to adaptive behavior because it allows animals to perceive a world of coherent perceptual entities. Multisensory integration also deals with how different sensory modalities interact with one another and alter each other's processing.
Kỳikatêjê people
The Kỳikatêjê (Gavião-Kỳikatêjê) are an indigenous people of Brazil. Their original language is Kỳikatêjê, a Timbira language of the Jê languages language family (Macro-Jê) most closely related to Parkatêjê. The Kỳikatêjê currently live in Terra Indígena Mãe Maria (Bom Jesus do Tocantins in southeastern Pará), but their original location was located further to the east, up the Tocantins River in the state of Maranhão.: 109  Their name means 'upstream' in Kỳikatêjê.

The Kỳikatêjê are known for forming the first professional indigenous football club in Brazil in 2009, which has since competed in the Campeonato Paraense.

Maranhão
Maranhão (/ˌmɑːrəˈnjaʊn/, MAH-rə-NYOWN; Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [maɾɐˈɲɐ̃w] ⓘ) is a state in Brazil. Located in the country's Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of 332,000 km2 (128,000 sq mi) and it is divided into 217 municipalities. Clockwise from north, it borders on the Atlantic Ocean for 2,243 km and the states of Piauí, Tocantins and Pará. The people of Maranhão have a distinctive accent within the common Northeastern Brazilian dialect. Maranhão is described in literary works such as Exile Song by Gonçalves Dias and Casa de Pensão by Aluísio Azevedo.

The dunes of Lençóis are an important area of environmental preservation. Also of interest is the state capital of São Luís, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Another important conservation area is the Parnaíba River delta, between the states of Maranhão and Piauí, with its lagoons, desert dunes and deserted beaches or islands, such as Caju island, which shelters rare birds.
Thaumastopsaltria globosa
Thaumastopsaltria globosa is a species of cicada, also known as the slender green growler, in the true cicada family, Cicadettinae subfamily and Chlorocystini tribe. The species is native to Australia and New Guinea. It was described in 1897 by English entomologist William Lucas Distant.

Cicadidae
Cicadidae, the true cicadas, is one of two families of cicadas, with about 3,400 species in over 520 genera worldwide; it contains most living cicada species, except for the two belonging to its sister taxon, the Tettigarctidae.  The classification of this family, of often very similar insects, has undergone many revisions, continuing into the 21st century; for example, many species previously assigned to the type genus Cicada, are now placed in different tribes.
The Girl from the Revue
The Girl from the Revue (German: Das Girl von der Revue) is a 1928 German silent film directed by Richard Eichberg and starring Dina Gralla, Werner Fuetterer, and Max Hansen.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Bruno Lutz and Franz Seemann.

Dina Gralla
Dina Gralla (born Hedwig Gralla; 15 January 1905 – 11 November 1994) was a German film actress.

Gralla was born Hedwig Gralla in Berlin to German parents. She received dance training in 1919 and performed as a ballet dancer at the revues at the Berlin Wintergarten theatre. After taking private acting lessons from Walter Steinbeck, director Richard Eichberg cast her in his 1925 drama film Leidenschaft before appearing in a number of silent films and into the sound era of the early 1930s. Due to illness she had to stop her acting career in 1934. The only exception was her appearance with a small part in the 1954 Erik Ode directed drama Ten on Every Finger (1954).

Gralla was married twice: first to the American journalist Lincoln Eyre, who was the Berlin correspondent of The New York Times, and from 1934 to 1939 to the German journalist Clemens Dieckmann.
Inauguration of Gustavo Petro
Gustavo Petro's inauguration as the 37th President of Colombia took place on Sunday, August 7, 2022, marking the start of Gustavo Petro's four-year term as President and Francia Márquez as vice president. The 36th presidential inauguration took place as usual in the central front of the National Capitol in Bogotá, D.C. Petro was sworn in as presidential oath, after which Márquez was sworn in as Vice President.

The inauguration took place amid the political polarization experienced during the 2022 Colombian presidential election, the festivities featured a wide variety of demonstrations by fans. The live audience was almost unlimited, being the first time that the event was almost exclusively for the public, marking a milestone in presidential inauguration events by being generally a private event; Members of Congress as well as the people to the full attended the event, which resembles a speech from a united Colombia.

Andrés Pastrana Arango
Andrés Pastrana Arango (born 17 August 1954) is a Colombian politician who was President of Colombia from 1998 to 2002, following in the footsteps of his father, Misael Pastrana Borrero, who was president from 1970 to 1974.
Lou Ann Walker
Lou Ann Walker is an author and a professor in the MFA in Creative Writing and Literature Program at Stony Brook Southampton, as well as a founding Editor of The Southampton Review. Her memoir A Loss for Words received a Christopher Award for high standards in Communication.

Her fiction and nonfiction has appeared in many publications, including The New York Times Magazine, Esquire, Life, Allure, Parade, The Chicago Sun-Times, The New York Times Book Review, O: The Oprah Magazine, The Writer, and The Hopewell Review. Formerly an editor at Esquire and New York Magazine, Walker has lectured on writing at Smith College and Yale University, and taught at Marymount Manhattan College, Southampton College, and Columbia University.

Her awards include a Marguerite Higgins reporting award and an NEA grant in Creative Writing. The author of several screenplays, she is also a member of the Writers Guild of America.

Writers Guild of America
The Writers Guild of America (WGA) is the name of two American labor unions representing writers in film, television, radio, and online media:

The Writers Guild of America East (WGAE) is headquartered in New York City and is affiliated with the AFL-CIO national trade union center

The Writers Guild of America West (WGAW) is headquartered in Los Angeles and is unaffiliated with any larger national trade union.

Although both organizations operate independently, they perform some common activities, including negotiating contracts and launching strike actions, as well as maintaining the American database of writing credits, and arbitrating between writers when conflicts arise.
Ladislav Tulač
Ladislav Tulač (February 28, 1939 in Varaždin – May 9, 2017 in Zagreb) was a well known Croatian composer, producer, musician, and musical educator, most famous for his musicals targeted at children and adolescents.

ZeKaeM
ZeKaeM, abbreviated from Zagreb Youth Theater (Croatian: Zagrebačko kazalište mladih) is a theatre in Zagreb, Croatia formerly run by the Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia. Since 2014, its director is Snježana Abramović Milković. The theater is also important for its school for children.
Eifel Literature Festival
The Eifel Literatur Festival (German: Eifel Literatur Festival) is a volunteer-organized literature event held in the Eifel mountains in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate every two years as part of the state's "Cultural Summer".

The aim of the festival is to raise the Eifel onto the European literature stage. The festival originated from a private initiative by Germanic scholar, Dr. Josef Zierden. In 1994, he inaugurated the Eifel Literature Festival in the town of Prüm, in the small cashier's room of a bank, as an accompanying programme for the presentation of his book "The Eifel in Literature".

Siegfried Lenz
Siegfried Lenz (German: [ˈziːkfʁiːt ˈlɛnts] ⓘ; 17 March 1926 – 7 October 2014) was a German writer of novels, short stories and essays, as well as dramas for radio and the theatre. In 2000 he received the Goethe Prize on the 250th Anniversary of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's birth. He won the 2010 International Nonino Prize in Italy.
Social Study of Information Systems
The Social Study of Information Systems (SSIS) is interested in people developing and using technology and the "culture" of those people. SSIS brings social sciences concepts and methods to study information systems. SSIS studies these phenomena by drawing on and using "lenses" provided by social sciences, including philosophy, sociology, social psychology, organisational theory, political science. Thus, it relates to Social Informatics, Human-centered computing (HCC), Science and Technology Studies (STS), Design science.

Design science
Design science refers to a scientific, i.e. rational and systematic, approach to designing. An early concept of design science was introduced in 1957 by R. Buckminster Fuller who defined it as a systematic form of designing which he applied especially in innovative engineering design. The concept has been more broadly defined by the Design Science journal as “quantitative and qualitative research in the creation of artifacts and systems, and their embedding in our physical, virtual, psychological, economic, and social environment”.