hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMCS Festubert
HMCS Festubert was one of twelve Battle-class naval trawlers constructed for and used by the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) during the First World War. Following the war, Festubert remained in Canadian service as a training ship until 1934. Reactivated for the Second World War, the ship was used as a gate vessel in the defence of Halifax, Nova Scotia and re-designated Gate Vessel 17. Following the war, the trawler was sold for commercial use and renamed Inverleigh. Inverleigh was scuttled off Burgeo, Newfoundland on 30 June 1971.

Net laying ship
A net laying ship, also known as a net layer, net tender, gate ship or boom defence vessel was a type of naval auxiliary ship.

A net layer's primary function was to lay and maintain steel anti-submarine nets or anti torpedo nets. Nets could be laid around an individual ship at anchor, or harbor entrances or dry docks, or other anchorages. Net laying was potentially dangerous work, and net laying seamen were experts at dealing with blocks, tackles, knots and splicing. As World War II progressed, net layers were pressed into a variety of additional roles including salvage, troop and cargo transport, buoy maintenance, and service as tugboats. Many of the ships were decommissioned after the war, but some continued in service for several more decades.

Net layers were eventually made redundant by advances in underwater detection technology.
The Natori Company
The Natori Company is a women's fashion designer and manufacturer founded by Josie Natori and based in New York City.  The company sells lingerie, nightwear, loungewear, ready-to-wear, underwear and other high-end women's fashion to upscale department stores in the US, and to at least 15 countries internationally.  In addition to women's clothing, the company is also in the home furnishings industry, and has signed a licensing deal to sell Natori perfume.  Natori started a limited men's line in 2006.

Nightwear
Nightwear – also called sleepwear, or nightclothes – is clothing designed to be worn while sleeping. The style of nightwear worn may vary with the seasons, with warmer styles being worn in colder conditions and vice versa. Some styles or materials are selected to be visually appealing or erotic in addition to their functional purposes.
Eduard Honrath
Eduard Gustav Honrath (11 August 1837, in Coblenz – 19 April 1893, in Berlin) was a German entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera, particularly Parnassius.

Honrath was a well-known art dealer in Berlin. Among his entomological achievements, he described Parnassius graeseri (1885) (now Parnassius bremeri graeseri (a subspecies), Parnassius stenosemus and Papilio neumoegeni (both 1890) in the Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift. He was a member of the Entomological Society of Berlin, and its president for many years.

Parnassius
Parnassius is a genus of northern circumpolar and montane (alpine and Himalayan) butterflies usually known as Apollos or snow Apollos. They can vary in colour and form significantly based on their altitude. They also exhibit altitudinal melananism, a high-altitude adaptation. They have dark bodies and darker coloring at the base of their wings, which allows them to absorb solar energy more quickly.

Although classified under the swallowtail butterfly family, none of the Parnassius species possesses tails.

The larvae feed on species of plants belonging to the Papaveraceae and Crassulaceae families, and like the other swallowtail butterfly larvae, possess an osmeterium. Unlike most butterflies that have exposed pupae, they pupate inside a loose silken cocoon.
Amauris
Amauris is a genus of nymphalid butterflies in the Danainae subfamily. Amauris niavius niavius, Amauris echeria jacksoni, and Amauris dominicanus are mimicked by Papilio dardanus females. Other mimics of Amauris are found among other species of Papilio, the nymphaline genus Pseudacraea, and Hypolimnas anthedon.

Danainae
Danainae is a subfamily of the family Nymphalidae, the brush-footed butterflies. The group may be referred to as the Danaids (reflecting their previous rank as a family) or milkweed butterflies, as they often lay their eggs on various milkweeds on which their larvae (caterpillars) feed, though it also encompasses the clearwing butterflies (Ithomiini), and the Tellervini.

Some 300 species of Danainae exist worldwide. Most of the Danaini are found in tropical Asia and Africa, while the Ithomiini are diverse in the Neotropics. Tellervini are restricted to Australia and the Oriental region. Four species are found in North America: the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), the queen (Danaus gilippus), the tropical milkweed butterfly (Lycorea halia), and the soldier butterfly (or "tropic queen", Danaus eresimus). Of these, the monarch is by far the most famous, being one of the most recognizable butterflies in the Americas.
USS Shiloh (1865)
USS Shiloh was a single-turreted, twin-screw monitor that was slated to enter service with the United States Navy. The contract for her construction was awarded on 24 June 1863 to George C. Bestor of Peoria, Illinois. Her keel was laid down later that year at the yard of Charles W. McCordat of St. Louis, Missouri. However, while Shiloh was still under construction, USS Chimo, one of the first of the Casco-class monitors to be launched, was found to be unseaworthy.

Gun turret
A gun turret (or simply turret) is a mounting platform from which weapons can be fired that affords protection, visibility and ability to turn and aim. A modern gun turret is generally a rotatable weapon mount that houses the crew or mechanism of a projectile-firing weapon and at the same time lets the weapon be aimed and fired in some degree of azimuth and elevation (cone of fire).
Amherst Airport
Amherst Airport (TC LID: CCQ4) is an abandoned airport that was located 1 NM (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) west of Amherst, Nova Scotia, Canada. It was a small turf airstrip, located perpendicular to Highway 104 opposite the Amherst Industrial Park.

Transport Canada
Transport Canada (TC; French: Transports Canada) is the department of the Government of Canada responsible for developing regulations, policies and services for road, rail, marine and air transportation in Canada. The current minister of transport is Steven MacKinnon. Transport Canada is headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario.
Fast Draw Showdown
Fast Draw Showdown is a live-action laserdisc video game released by American Laser Games in 1994 for a limited number of platforms. As one of the last live-action rail shooters released by the company, which began the series with Mad Dog McCree, it is also arguably the shortest. The game was filmed entirely in at the Old Tucson Studios near Tucson, Arizona, with sets used for several notable films belonging to the Western genre.

Global VR re-released the arcade game in 2002. It was also re-released for PC only by Digital Leisure in 2004 with mouse and light gun support. It was also re-released for WiiWare in North America on January 4, 2010 and in the PAL region on January 22, 2010. A HD port of the game was released for the PlayStation Network on the PlayStation 3 on July 19, 2011 and supports the PlayStation Move controller. A 3DO Interactive Multiplayer version was announced but never released.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
Dia de la Comunitat Valenciana
9 d'Octubre (English: October 9th) is a historical celebration in the Valencian Country / Valencian Community, the official day of the Valencian Autonomous Community since its recognition as an Autonomus Community of Spain. It commemorates the conquest of the city of Balansiya (modern Valencia) by the troops of James I of Aragon and the creation of the Kingdom of Valencia in 1238.

Memorialization
Memorialization is the process of preserving memories, especially the collective memory, of people or events. It can be a form of a memorial, and address or petition, or a ceremony of remembrance or commemoration.
Sensor network query processor
A sensor network query processor (SNQP), also called a sensorDB, is a user-friendly interface for programming and running applications which translates instructions from declarative programming language with high-level instructions to low-level instructions understood by the operating system. The basic idea of SNQP is the addition of a layer modeling the WSN as a distributed database searchable by a query language similar to SQL.

Query language
A query language, also known as data query language or database query language (DQL), is a computer language used to make queries in databases and information systems. In database systems, query languages rely on strict theory to retrieve information. A well known example is the Structured Query Language (SQL).
Crab Island (West Virginia)
Crab Island is a small island on the Ohio River in Tyler County, West Virginia. The island lies just off the shore from the city of Sistersville. Crab Island is protected as part of the Ohio River Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

Tyler County, West Virginia
Tyler County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,313. Its county seat is Middlebourne. The county was founded in 1814 and is named after John Tyler, Sr., father of President John Tyler.
Russian Journal of Nematology
The Russian Journal of Nematology (Russian: Российский нематологический журнал, romanized: Rossiyskiy nematologicheskiy zhurnal) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of studying nematodes. It was established in 1993 and is published by the Russian Society of Nematologists. The editors-in-chief are Roland Perry (Rothamsted Research) Sergei Subbotin (California Department of Food and Agriculture) and Sergei Spiridonov (Russian Academy of Sciences).

Rothamsted Research
Rothamsted Research, previously known as the Rothamsted Experimental Station and then the Institute of Arable Crops Research, is one of the oldest agricultural research institutions in the world, having been founded in 1843. It is located at Harpenden in the English county of Hertfordshire and is a registered charity under English law.

Two of the station's best known and longest-running experiments are the Broadbalk Experiment, planted annually with winter wheat since 1843, and the Park Grass Experiment, a biological study that started in 1856 and has been continuously monitored ever since.

51°48′33″N 0°21′19″W﻿ / ﻿51.80917°N 0.35528°W﻿ / 51.80917; -0.35528
Battle of the Wilderness: Gaining the Initiative, May 5-6, 1864
Battle of the Wilderness: Gaining the Initiative, May 5-6, 1864 is a board wargame published by Simulations Publications, Inc. (SPI) in 1975 that simulates the Battle of the Wilderness during the American Civil War. The game was originally part of the four-game collection Blue & Gray II, and was also released as a stand-alone "folio" game.

Simulations Publications, Inc.
Simulations Publications, Inc. (SPI) was an American publisher of board wargames and related magazines, particularly its flagship Strategy & Tactics, in the 1970s and early 1980s. It produced an enormous number of games and introduced innovative practices, changing the course of the wargaming hobby in its bid to take control of the hobby away from then-dominant Avalon Hill. SPI ran out of cash in early 1982 when TSR called in a loan secured by SPI's assets. TSR began selling SPI's inventory in 1982, but later acquired the company's trademarks and copyrights in 1983 and continued a form of the operation until 1987.
Caesium nitrate
Caesium nitrate or cesium nitrate is a salt with the chemical formula CsNO3. An alkali metal nitrate, it is used in pyrotechnic compositions, as a colorant and an oxidizer, e.g. in decoys and illumination flares. The caesium emissions are chiefly due to two powerful spectral lines at 852.113 nm and 894.347 nm.

Caesium nitrate prisms are used in infrared spectroscopy, in x-ray phosphors, and in scintillation counters. It is also used in making optical glasses and lenses.

As with other alkali metal nitrates, caesium nitrate decomposes on gentle heating to give caesium nitrite:

2 CsNO3  →  2 CsNO2 + O2

Caesium also forms two unusual acid nitrates, which can be described as CsNO3·HNO3 and CsNO3·2HNO3 (melting points 100 °C and 36–38 °C respectively).

Scintillation counter
A scintillation counter is an instrument for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation by using the excitation effect of incident radiation on a scintillating material, and detecting the resultant light pulses.

It consists of a scintillator which generates photons in response to incident radiation, a sensitive photodetector (usually a photomultiplier tube (PMT), a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, or a photodiode), which converts the light to an electrical signal and electronics to process this signal.

Scintillation counters are widely used in radiation protection, assay of radioactive materials and physics research because they can be made inexpensively yet with good quantum efficiency, and can measure both the intensity and the energy of incident radiation.
Denis Selimović
Denis Selimovič (born 22 June 1979) is a Slovenian retired professional footballer who played for Icelandic Premier League club Keflavik Football Club. He is of Bosnian origin.

Selimovič previously played for several Slovenian Premier league clubs, including Triglav Kranj, Ljubljana, Drava Ptuj, Primorje Ajdovščina and Interblock Ljubljana. He also played for Norwegian club Aalesunds FK in the Norwegian PL Tippeligaen and Bosnian club Željezničar Sarajevo in the Bosnian Premier League.

Knattspyrnudeild Keflavík
Knattspyrnudeild Keflavíkur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰnahtˌspɪ(r)tnʏˌteilt ˈcʰɛplaˌviːk], lit. 'Keflavík Football (Sub)Division') is an Icelandic football team, commonly known as Keflavík.  It is a subdivision of Keflavík ÍF (Keflavík, íþrótta- og ungmennafélag), based in the town of Reykjanesbær in Iceland. They play at Nettó-völlur in Keflavík.
Susanne Teschl
Susanne Teschl (née Timischl, born 1971) is an Austrian biomathematician and professor of mathematics at the University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien in Vienna. She is known for her research on the mathematical modeling of breath analysis.

University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien
University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien (Also: UAS Technikum Wien, German: Fachhochschule Technikum Wien) is a technical university of applied sciences in Austria. With around 18,000 graduates to date and around 4,700 students on more than 30 Bachelor's and Master's degree courses, it is the largest technical university of applied sciences in Austria.
Joel Tinney
Joel Tinney (born June 12, 1995) is a University of Michigan lacrosse assistant coach and former Canadian professional lacrosse player who has played for various teams in the National Lacrosse League (NLL), Major League Lacrosse (MLL), and the Premier Lacrosse League (PLL). He played collegiate lacrosse at Johns Hopkins University. He was drafted 18th overall of the 2018 NLL Entry Draft by the Georgia Swarm.

National Lacrosse League
The National Lacrosse League (NLL) is a professional box lacrosse league in North America. The league comprises 14 teams – 7 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NLL is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The NLL ranks third in average attendance for pro indoor sports worldwide, behind only the National Hockey League (NHL) and National Basketball Association (NBA). Unlike other box lacrosse leagues, which play in the summer, the NLL plays its games in the winter and spring, from December to June. Each year, the playoff teams battle for the National Lacrosse League Cup. The NLL has averaged between 8,900 and 10,700 spectators per game each year since 2004.
Abay Weldu
Ato Abay Weldu (born 9 May 1965) is an Ethiopian politician who served as president of the Tigray Region from 2010 to 2018. He also served as the chairman of TPLF (Tigray People Liberation Front) from September 2012 until November 2017. He was succeeded in both positions by Debretsion Gebremichael in January 2018 and November 2017. Abay Weldu joined TPLF in the late 1970s and has served as a member of the executive Committees of TPLF and now defunct EPRDF since 2000.

On January 10, 2021, the Ethiopian National Defense Force said that it has killed 15 members of the TPLF, including the region's former deputy police commissioner, and captured eight others, including the region's former president Abay Weldu.

Ethiopian National Defense Force
The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) (Amharic: የኢፌዴሪ መከላከያ ሰራዊት, romanized: Ye'īfēdērī mekelakeya šerawīt, lit. 'FDRE Defense Force') is the combined military force of Ethiopia. ENDF is consisted of 8 command forces which is controlled by Defense Commanders council chaired by Chief of General Staff.
2009 in British music charts
This is a summary of the year 2009 in British music charts. 31 singles have occupied the number-one spot including 15 new entries. Due to the increase in downloads over physical sales, singles now tend to enter the chart at a lower position, before climbing to the top a few weeks later: a trend which was previously rarely seen in the later half of the 1990s and most of the 2000s.

Tinchy Stryder
Kwasi Esono Danquah III (/ˈkweɪsi dæŋˈkwɑː/ KWAY-see dang-KWAH; born 14 September 1986), better known by his stage name Tinchy Stryder, is a British rapper, singer, songwriter, entrepreneur and investor.

Stryder has released three solo studio albums, Star in the Hood (2007), Catch 22 (2009), and Third Strike (2010). Stryder's business ventures include the clothing line Star in the Hood, the Cloud 9 X Goji headphone and audio equipment range in collaboration with Goji Electronics.
February 2054 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Sunday, February 22, 2054, with an umbral magnitude of 1.2781. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 1.2 days before perigee (on February 21, 2054, at 2:55 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.

This lunar eclipse will be the first of an almost tetrad, with the others being on August 18, 2054 (total); February 11, 2055 (total); and August 7, 2055 (partial).

Tetrad (astronomy)
In astronomy, a tetrad is a set of four total lunar eclipses within two consecutive years.

The frequency of tetrads varies by century with the frequency of total lunar eclipses. This repeating cycle is called a tetradia. See Eclipse cycle for more information.
Pareiorhaphis togoroi
Pareiorhaphis togoroi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the upper Paraná River basin in the Mantiqueira Mountains in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The species reaches at least 6.7 cm (2.6 inches) in standard length. It was described in 2019 by Jose Carlos de Oliveira (of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora) and Osvaldo Takeshi Oyakawa (of the University of São Paulo) alongside the species Harttia intermontana and Neoplecostomus pirangaensis. FishBase does not yet list this species.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Oswestry Uplands
The Oswestry Uplands are a small natural region in the English county of Shropshire on the border with Wales.

The Oswestry Uplands have been designated as Natural Area No. 41 and National Character Area No. 63 by Natural England and its predecessor bodies. The area is much more closely linked by culture and language to Wales than other parts of Shropshire. The Uplands are characterized by an undulating landscape of Carboniferous Limestone hills with calcareous grasslands and rocky outcrops with steep wooded valleys; marshes and fens occupying the valley bottoms.

The Uplands have a total area of 9,981 hectares and occupy a salient running from Pant to Chirk on the Anglo-Welsh border which takes in the town of Oswestry and village of Gobowen. The highest elevations lie on the western boundary of the NCA bordering the Berwyn Hills of Wales and the highest point is on Selattyn Hill (372 metres (1,220 ft)).

Pant, Shropshire
Pant is a village in Shropshire, England. It lies near the border with Wales. Pant means 'hollow' in Welsh: it is located directly below the disused mines at Llanymynech Rocks Nature Reserve. The population at the 2011 census is listed under the Civil Parish of Llanymynech and Pant. The built-up area of Pant and Llanymynech is roughly 2,000.

Pant has a few notable features: Llanymynech Golf Club is unique as the only 18 hole course in the UK to straddle the border between two countries; Llanymynech Ogof, a copper mine where many Roman artefacts have been found; Bryn Offa Church of England Primary School, a school built after the closure of four schools in the surrounding area; and a large gin wheel in the village. This quiet village was once much more lively, with several shops and a post office.
Payne Institute
Payne Institute may refer:

Payne Institute, forerunner of Allen University in South Carolina

Payne Institute, forerunner of Payne College in Georgia

Payne Institute, one of the names used for Daniel Payne College in Birmingham, Alabama

Payne Institute for Public Policy, at the Colorado School of Mines, serves as a nexus for high-quality, data-driven, solutions-oriented research and dialogue needed to inform energy and environmental policy.

Daniel Payne College
Daniel Payne College, also known as the Payne Institute, Payne University, and Greater Payne University, was a historically black college in Birmingham, Alabama from 1889 to 1979. It was associated with the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME Church).  The college was named in honor of Daniel Payne, the sixth bishop of the AME Church and the first black president of a college in the United States.