hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Hallam
Richard John Hallam MBE (born 1948) is an English musician and music educator. He is best known for his work as the Director of Music in Oxfordshire from 1987 to 2008 and for advising successive UK governments on music education policy from 2003 to 2012. This included serving as the National Music Participation Director for the Department for Education from 2008 to 2011. He is also well known for his work in relation to El Sistema internationally.

Hallam has been chair of the National Association for Music Education, President of the Incorporated Society of Musicians, and Chair of the UK Music Education Council.

Hallam was awarded the MBE in 2003 for services to music education. He is an honorary fellow of Trinity College of Music, Oxford Brookes University and the Royal Birmingham Conservatoire. In 2019, he received honorary lifetime membership of Music Mark.

National Association for Music Education
The National Association for Music Education (NAfME) is an organization of American music educators dedicated to advancing and preserving music education as part of the core curriculum of schools in the United States.  Founded in 1907 as the Music Supervisors National Conference (MSNC), the organization was known from 1934 to 1998 as the Music Educators National Conference (origin of the MENC acronym).  From 1998 to 2011 it was known as "MENC: The National Association for Music Education."  On September 1, 2011, the organization changed its acronym from MENC to NAfME. On March 8, 2012, the organization's name legally became National Association for Music Education, using the acronym "NAfME". It has approximately 58,000 members, and NAfME's headquarters are located in Herndon, Virginia

As of January 2025, Deb Confredo is the current president of NAfME, and the interim executive director is Christopher Woodside.
Musielak
Musielak is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Musielak, chief operating officer of DENIC, a German domain management cooperative

Dora Musielak, Mexican-American aerospace engineer, historian of mathematics, and book author

Rafał Musielak, player in the winning team of the 2000–01 Polish Volleyball League

Ryszard Musielak (born 1950), Polish labor union leader and anti-communist activist

Sebastian Musielak, Polish translator of Finnish fantasy novel Not Before Sundown

Sławomir Musielak (born 1990), Polish motorcyclist

Stephen Musielak, former pastor at Our Lady of Czestochowa Parish, Boston

Tobiasz Musielak (born 1993), Polish motorcyclist

Walenty Musielak (1913–1977), Polish footballer

Dora Musielak
Dora Elia Musielak is an aerospace engineer, historian of mathematics, and book author. She is an expert on high-speed airbreathing jet engines, and an adjunct professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at the University of Texas at Arlington.
Helotrephidae
Helotrephidae is a family of aquatic bugs found mainly in the tropical regions with many species in the Oriental Realm and a few from Africa, Madagascar and South America. These bugs are found swimming or walking amid submerged vegetation in stagnant or slow moving, shaded freshwater in forest habitats. They are a sister group of the Pleidae.

Adult bugs in the family Helotrephidae are rounded and similar to Pleidae but the head is fused to the prothorax. The antennae are one or two segmented and the terminal segment has many long hair-like extensions. The scutellum is large and many species are incapable of flight as the hindwings are reduced. The tarsal counts on the fore, mid and hind legs are variable, 3-3-3, 2-2-3, or 1-1-2. Helotrephids are predators feeding on small invertebrates by inserting their proboscis and sucking the body fluids. The obtain air from the water surface and hold a pocket of air between the hemielytra and the abdomen.

Indomalayan realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.

Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and through Indonesia as far as Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo, east of which lies the Wallace line, the realm boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia. Indomalaya also includes the Philippines, lowland Taiwan, and Japan's Ryukyu Islands.

Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, and includes tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical forests of Indomalaya are highly variable and diverse, with economically important trees, especially in the families Dipterocarpaceae, Ficus, and Fabaceae.
Compression seal fitting
In mechanical engineering, a compression seal fitting, also known as a sealing gland, is intended to seal some type of element (probe, wire, conductor, pipe, tube, fiber-optic cable, etc.) when the element must pass through a pressure or environmental boundary. A compression seal fitting may serve several purposes:

It restrains the element from moving as a result of a pressure difference.

It prohibits the leakage of gas or liquid media along the element.

In some cases, it electrically isolates the element from the mounting device.

A compression seal fitting, unlike an epoxy seal or gasket, uses mechanical components and an axial force to compress a soft sealant inside a body which then creates a seal. An epoxy seal differs in that it is composed of some type of compound which is poured into a mold in an attempt to create a seal.

Fiber-optic cable
A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an assembly similar to an electrical cable but containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with plastic layers and contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment where the cable is used. Different types of cable are used for fiber-optic communication in different applications, for example long-distance telecommunication or providing a high-speed data connection between different parts of a building.
Milk Morinaga
Milk Morinaga (森永 みるく, Morinaga Miruku) is a Japanese manga artist. Her works have been published in Yuri Shimai, Comic Yuri Hime, Comic Hot Milk, and other yuri and adult manga magazines. She made her professional debut as an illustrator for Cobalt Bunko, a shōjo novel imprint from Shueisha.

Her pen name comes from the Japanese company Morinaga Milk Industry.

Morinaga Milk Industry
Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd. (森永乳業株式会社, Morinaga Nyūgyō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a milk products and sweets company based in Tokyo, Japan, in operation since September 1, 1917. Their products include milk products, drinks, candy, confectioneries, and infant formula. Morinaga has distribution agreements with Mondelez International and Kalbe Farma. Its subsidiaries include Morinaga Hokuriku Dairy. Morinaga Milk celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2017. In addition to condensed milk and infant formula, products that it has offered since its founding, it has also produced a wide range of products based on milk, including Morinaga Milk, Bifidus Yogurt, Creap (creaming powder), and Mt. RAINIER CAFFE LATTE.

Morinaga Milk Industry

Bifidus yogurt
Powell Farm (Coatesville, Pennsylvania)
Powell Farm is a historic home located in East Fallowfield Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. The house was built in 1794, and is a two-story, five-bay, fieldstone vernacular Federal style farmhouse.  It has a gable roof and a full-width front porch.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Fieldstone
Fieldstone is a naturally occurring type of stone, which lies at or near the surface of the Earth. Fieldstone is a nuisance for farmers seeking to expand their land under cultivation, but at some point it began to be used as a construction material. Strictly speaking, it is stone collected from the surface of fields where it occurs naturally. Collections of fieldstones which have been removed from arable land or pasture to allow for more effective agriculture are called clearance cairns.

In practice, fieldstone is any architectural stone used in its natural shape and can be applied to stones recovered from the topsoil or subsoil. Although fieldstone is generally used to describe such material when used for exterior walls, it has come to include its use in other ways including garden features and interiors. It is sometimes cut or split for use in architecture.
Cumene process
The cumene process (cumene-phenol process, Hock process) is an industrial process for synthesizing phenol and acetone from benzene and propylene. The term stems from cumene (isopropyl benzene), the intermediate material during the process. It was invented by Rūdolfs Ūdris and Pyotr Sergeyev in 1942 in the Soviet Union, and independently by Heinrich Hock in 1944.

This process converts two relatively cheap starting materials, benzene and propylene, into two more valuable ones, phenol and acetone. Other reactants required are oxygen from air and small amounts of a radical initiator. Most of the worldwide production of phenol and acetone is now based on this method. In 2022, nearly 10.8 million tonnes of phenol was produced by the cumene process. In order for this process to be economical, there must also be demand for the acetone by-product as well as the phenol.

Radical initiator
In chemistry, radical initiators are substances that can produce radical species under mild conditions and promote radical reactions. These substances generally possess weak bonds—bonds that have small bond dissociation energies. Radical initiators are utilized in industrial processes such as polymer synthesis. Typical examples are molecules with a nitrogen-halogen bond, azo compounds, and organic and inorganic peroxides.
Tariq Anwar (politician)
Tariq Anwar (born 16 January 1951) is an Indian politician from the Indian National Congress (INC), and a Member of Parliament representing Katihar (Lok Sabha constituency) in Bihar, India. He served as the Minister of State for Agriculture and Food Processing Industries between 2012 and 2014.

Anwar has been a member of the Indian Parliament for more than three decades – elected six times to the Lok Sabha, the lower house, from Katihar, and two times to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house, from Maharashtra. He quit the INC over a presidency dispute of the party in 1999 and formed the Nationalist Congress Party along with Sharad Pawar and P. A. Sangma, before resigning 19 years after, and re-joining the INC in 2018. Anwar has been appointed both general secretary in charge of poll-bound Kerala and a member of the Congress Working Committee (CWC).

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
A Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of a legislative constituency in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550. This includes the maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states and up to 20 members to represent the union territories (both chosen by direct elections). Between 1952 and January 25, 2020, two seats were reserved for members of the Anglo-Indian community. The current elected strength of the Lok Sabha is 543. The party—or coalition of parties—having a majority in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.

All Members of Lok Sabha rank 21st in the Order of Precedence of India.
2001 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 2001 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 114th staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

University College Dublin entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 22 September 2001 at Parnell Park in Donnycarney, between Craobh Chiaráin and Ballyboden St Enda's, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Craobh Chiaráin won the match by 2–11 to 1–13 to claim their third championship title overall and a first title in three years.

Parnell Park
Parnell Park is a GAA stadium in Donnycarney, Dublin, Ireland with a capacity of 7,300. It is the  home of the Dublin GAA hurling, football, camogie and ladies' football teams at all levels of competition.

The ground is used mainly by the county hurling team during home National Hurling League & All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship games and as a training ground, with most games played by the county football team in the National Football League and All-Ireland Senior Football Championship being held at Croke Park. However, Dublin county championships and other competitions also take place in Parnell Park every year.

Parnell Park also serves as the headquarters of the Dublin County Board.
Carbenicillin
Carbenicillin is a bactericidal antibiotic belonging to the carboxypenicillin subgroup of the penicillins. It was discovered  by scientists at Beecham and marketed as Pyopen. It has Gram-negative coverage which includes Pseudomonas aeruginosa but limited Gram-positive coverage. The carboxypenicillins are susceptible to degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes, although they are more resistant than ampicillin to degradation. Carbenicillin is also more stable at lower pH than ampicillin.

Beta-lactamase
Beta-lactamases (β-lactamases)  are enzymes (EC 3.5.2.6) produced by bacteria that provide multi-resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, monobactams and carbapenems (ertapenem), although carbapenems are relatively resistant to beta-lactamase. Beta-lactamase provides antibiotic resistance by breaking the antibiotics' structure. These antibiotics all have a common element in their molecular structure: a four-atom ring known as a beta-lactam (β-lactam) ring. Through hydrolysis, the enzyme lactamase breaks the β-lactam ring open, deactivating the molecule's antibacterial properties.

Beta-lactamases produced by gram-negative bacteria are usually secreted, especially when antibiotics are present in the environment.
The Alamo: Shrine of Texas Liberty
The Alamo: Shrine of Texas Liberty is a 1938 American black-and-white Western war film directed by Stuart Paton and produced by H. W. Kier and Norman Sheldon. The film was a two-reel short produced in a couple of weeks in San Antonio, Texas. The film was done in pantomime and audio was done by narration and organ music.

The film starred Coates Gwynne, Sterling Waters and Mrs. Florence Griffith. The music supervisor was Vernon Geyer. The film is an educational reenactment of the siege at the Alamo, but the filming location was actually Mission San José.  The film was released soon after the centennial of the Alamo.

Stuart Paton
Stuart Paton (23 July 1883 – 16 December 1944) was a British director, screenwriter and actor of the silent era. Paton mostly worked with Universal, and is accredited with directing 67 films between 1915 and 1938. He also wrote for 24 films between 1914 and 1927.
Vladimír Čermák
Vladimír Čermák (September 3, 1929 – July 21, 2004) was a Czech philosopher, political scientist, lawyer and judge.

He is author of the pentalogy called The Question of Democracy (Otázka demokracie), which was very likely the most systematic work on democracy from the perspective of political theory during the period of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia. The pentalogy was finished in 1988 but it could be published after the end of the communist regime. The titles of five volumes are: “Democracy and Totalitarianism”, “Man”, “Society and State”, “Values, Norms and Institutions” and “Functions of Democracy”. The pentalogy was not reflected enough by politologists in the Czech republic and abroad yet.

In 1993–2003 Čermák served as a judge of the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic.

Pentalogy
A pentalogy (from Greek πεντα- penta-, "five" and -λογία -logia, "discourse") is a compound literary or narrative work that is explicitly divided into five parts. Although modern use of the word implies both that the parts are reasonably self-contained and that the structure was intended by the author, historically, neither was necessarily true: in fact, a pentalogia could be assembled by a later editor, just as Plotinus's Enneads were arranged in nines by Porphyry in order to create an overarching structure of six which would express the idea of perfection.
Platyptilia isoterma
Platyptilia isoterma is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in New Zealand.

The wingspan is about 18 mm. The head is white mixed with dark reddish-fuscous. The antennae are grey with a blackish line above. The thorax is whitish irrorated (speckled) with dark reddish-fuscous and the abdomen is dark reddish-fuscous sprinkled with whitish, and mixed with blackish on the sides towards the middle. The forewings are reddish-fuscous irrorated with whitish and sprinkled with dark fuscous. The hindwings are grey, mixed with black scales on the dorsum.

Scale (zoology)
In zoology, a scale (Ancient Greek: λεπίς, romanized: lepís; Latin: squāma) is a small rigid plate made out of keratin that grows out of vertebrate animals' skin to provide protection. In lepidopterans (butterflies and moths), scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing, made out of chitin instead of keratin, and provide coloration. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times through convergent evolution, with varying structure and function.

Scales are generally classified as part of an organism's integumentary system. There are various types of scales according to the shape and class of an animal.
King Xuan of Zhou
King Xuan of Zhou, personal name Ji Jing, was king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty; his reign has been reconstructed to be 827/25 – 782 BC. He worked to restore royal authority after the Gonghe Regency. He fought the "Western Barbarians" (probably Xianyun) and another group on the Huai River to the southeast. In the ninth year of his reign, he called a meeting of all the lords. Later he intervened militarily in succession struggles in the states of Lu, Wey and Qi. Sima Qian said "from this time on, the many lords mostly rebelled against royal commands." According to Zhang Shoujie's annotation Correct Meanings (史記正義) to Sima's Shiji, King Xuan is said to have killed the innocent Du Bo and according to tradition was himself killed by an arrow fired by Du Bo's ghost. His son King You would the last king of the Western Zhou.

The Stone Drums of Qin were long mistakenly ascribed to King Xuan.

Huai River
The Huai River, formerly romanized as the Hwai, is a major river in East China, about 1,110 km (690 mi) long with a drainage area of 174,000 km2 (67,000 sq mi). It is located about midway between the Yellow River and Yangtze River, the two longest rivers and largest drainage basins in China. Historically draining eastwards directly into the Yellow Sea, erosion from floods have changed the course of the river such that it now primarily discharges into the Yangtze. The Huai River is, to this day, notoriously vulnerable to flooding.

The Qinling–Huaihe Line, formed by the Huai River and the Qin Mountains, is sometimes regarded as the geographical dividing line between northern and southern China. This line approximates the 0 °C (32 °F) January isotherm and the 800 millimeters (30 in) isohyet in China.
Spatangoida
The heart urchins are members of the order Spatangoida of sea urchins. Their body are somewhat elongated ovals in form, and are distinguished by the mouth being placed towards one end of the animal, and the anus towards the other. As a result, unlike most other sea urchins, heart urchins are bilaterally symmetrical, and have a distinct anterior surface. The presence and position of the mouth and anus typically give members of this group the distinct "heart" shape from which they get their common name. Heart urchins have no feeding lantern, and often have petaloids sunk into grooves. They are a relatively diverse order, with a number of varying species.

Mouth
A mouth, also referred to as the oral, is the body orifice through which many animals ingest food and vocalize. The body cavity immediately behind the mouth opening, known as the oral cavity (or cavum oris in Latin), is also the first part of the alimentary canal, which leads to the pharynx and the gullet. In tetrapod vertebrates, the mouth is bounded on the outside by the lips and cheeks — thus the oral cavity is also known as the buccal cavity (from Latin bucca, meaning "cheek") — and contains the tongue on the inside. Except for some groups like birds and lissamphibians, vertebrates usually have teeth in their mouths, although some fish species have pharyngeal teeth instead of oral teeth.

Most bilaterian phyla, including arthropods, molluscs and chordates, have a two-opening gut tube with a mouth at one end and an anus at the other. Which end forms first in ontogeny is a criterion used to classify bilaterian animals into protostomes and deuterostomes.
Seung-ho
Seung-ho is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Kim Seung-ho (1917–1968), South Korean film actor

Choi Seungho (born 1954), South Korean poet

Lee Seung-ho (born 1976), South Korean baseball relief pitcher

An Seung-ho (born 1978), stage name Tony An, South Korean singer, member of boy band H.O.T.

Lee Seung-ho (born 1981), South Korean baseball relief pitcher

Yang Seung-ho (born 1987), South Korean singer, member of boy band MBLAQ

Choi Seung-ho (footballer) (born 1992), South Korean football midfielder (K-League Challenge)

Yoo Seung-ho (born 1993), South Korean actor

Paik Seung-ho (born 1997), South Korean football midfielder for Birmingham City

Lee Seung-ho (baseball, born 1976)
Lee Seung-Ho (Korean: 이승호; Hanja: 李承浩; born August 23, 1976 in Seoul, South Korea) is a South Korean former baseball relief pitcher for the SK Wyverns of the KBO League. He bats and throws left-handed.
Ealand
Ealand is a small village in the civil parish of Crowle and Ealand, in the North Lincolnshire district, in the county of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated within the  Isle of Axholme, 1 mile (1.6 km) south-east from Crowle (where the 2011 census population is included now called Crowle and Ealand), and 0.5 miles (0.8 km) north from the junction between the A161 and the A18 roads.

The Stainforth and Keadby Canal and Crowle railway station are at the southern edge of Ealand. The A161, which previously ran through the village, has been diverted, and uses a new bridge over the parallel railway line and canal.

Ealand has a Primitive Methodist chapel, a war memorial, and the disused building of the previous New Trent Inn. It has two Grade II listed buildings, an early to mid-18th-century house on Ealand Outgate and early 19th-century Curlews farmhouse on the A161.

Immediately to the west of the A161 is Seven Lakes Leisure Park, sited on clay pits of the former Crowle Brickworks.

Primitive Methodist Church
The Primitive Methodist Church is a Methodist Christian denomination aligned with the holiness movement. Originating in early 19th-century England as a revivalist movement within Methodism, it was heavily influenced by American evangelist Lorenzo Dow (1777–1834), whose visits inspired a return to fervent, open-air preaching.

In the United States, the Primitive Methodist Church had eighty-three parishes and 8,487 members in 1996.  In 2025, the PMC in the United States has 60 congregations across 13 eastern states.

In Great Britain and Australia, the Primitive Methodist Church merged with other denominations, to form the Methodist Church of Great Britain in 1932 and the Methodist Church of Australasia in 1902. (The latter subsequently merged into the Uniting Church in Australia in 1977.)