hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Murder of Nancy Dean Morgan
The murder of Nancy Dean Morgan was an unsolved homicide that occurred in June 1970 in Madison County, North Carolina, United States. Morgan was a 24-year-old Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) worker assigned to community development projects in the Appalachian region. On June 17, 1970, she was discovered in the back seat of her government-issued vehicle on a remote logging road, with her body found in a hogtied position on a hillside of Hot Springs Mountain. The autopsy reports indicated that she had been sexually assaulted and strangled.

In 1985, local authorities charged Ed Walker, a fellow VISTA worker, with the crime, but he was acquitted after the prosecution’s sole eyewitness was shown during cross-examination to have a record of providing false statements.

Madison County, North Carolina
Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,193. Its county seat is Marshall. Madison County is part of the Asheville, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Gakken Kita-Ikoma Station
Gakken Kita-Ikoma Station (学研北生駒駅, Gakken Kita-Ikoma-eki)  is a passenger railway station located in the city of Ikoma,  Nara Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the private transportation company, Kintetsu Railway.

Nara Prefecture
Nara Prefecture (奈良県, Nara-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɾa, na.ɾaꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. As of 2020, Nara Prefecture has a population of 1,321,805 and has a geographic area of 3,691 square kilometres (1,425 sq mi). Nara Prefecture borders Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Osaka Prefecture to the northwest, Wakayama Prefecture to the southwest, and Mie Prefecture to the east.

Nara is the capital and largest city of Nara Prefecture, with other major cities including Kashihara, Ikoma, and Yamatokōriyama. Nara Prefecture is located in the center of the Kii Peninsula on Japan's Pacific Ocean coast, and is one of only eight landlocked prefectures. Nara Prefecture has the distinction of having more UNESCO World Heritage listings than any other prefecture in Japan.
Rękoraj
Rękoraj [rɛŋˈkɔrai̯] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Moszczenica, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Moszczenica, 14 km (9 mi) north of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 33 km (21 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Piotrków Trybunalski
Piotrków Trybunalski ([ˈpʲɔtrkuf trɨbuˈnalskʲi] ⓘ; also known by alternative names), often simplified to Piotrków, is a city in central Poland with 71,252 inhabitants (2021). It is the capital of Piotrków County and the second-largest city in the Łódź Voivodeship.

Founded in the late Middle Ages, Piotrków was once a royal city and holds an important place in Polish history; the first parliament sitting was held here in the 15th century. It then became the seat of a Crown Tribunal, the highest court of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The city also hosted one of Poland's oldest Jewish communities, which was entirely destroyed by the Holocaust. The old town in Piotrków features many historical and architectural monuments, including tenements, churches, synagogues and the medieval Royal Castle.
2016–17 Biathlon World Cup – Individual Women
The 2016–17 Biathlon World Cup – Individual Women started on Wednesday 30 November 2016 in Östersund and finished on Wednesday 15 February 2017 at the World Championships in Hochfilzen. The defending titlist was Dorothea Wierer of Italy.

The small crystal globe winner for the category was Laura Dahlmeier of Germany.

Hochfilzen
Hochfilzen is a town and municipality in the Kitzbühel district of the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is located in the Pillersee valley 5 km east of Fieberbrunn. Population was 1,147 in 2016.

It is a popular winter sports resort, especially for cross-country skiing. In 2017 (9 to 19 February) it hosted the Biathlon World Championships, as it also did in 2005, 1998 and 1978, and it is a regular venue in the annual IBU World Cup series.
Tintoretto
Jacopo Robusti (late September or early October 1518 – 31 May 1594), best known as Tintoretto (/ˌtɪntəˈrɛtoʊ/ TIN-tə-RET-oh; Italian: [tintoˈretto]; Venetian: [tiŋtoˈɾeto]), was an Italian Renaissance painter of the Venetian school. His contemporaries both admired and criticised the speed with which he painted and the unprecedented boldness of his brushwork. For his phenomenal energy in painting he was termed il Furioso (Italian for 'the Furious'). His work is characterised by muscular figures, dramatic gestures and bold use of perspective, in the Mannerist style.

Sagrestia Nuova
The Sagrestia Nuova, also known as the New Sacristy and the Medici Chapel, is a mausoleum that stands as a testament to the grandeur and artistic vision of the Medici family. Constructed in 1520, the mausoleum was designed by the Italian artist and architect Michelangelo. Situated adjacent to the Basilica di San Lorenzo in Florence, Italy, the Sagrestia Nuova forms an integral part of the museum complex known as the Medici Chapels.
HMS Lysander
Three vessels of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Lysander, after Lysander, a military commander of ancient Sparta.

The first Lysander was a 4-gun brig, listed from 1842 to 1844 but with little further information available.

The second HMS Lysander (1913) was a Laforey-class destroyer launched in 1913 as Ulysses but renamed a few weeks later, and sold in 1922.  Rescued the survivors of HMHS Llandovery Castle.

The third HMS Lysander (J379) was an Algerine-class minesweeper launched in 1943 as HMCS Hespeler, renamed Cornflower in 1956, and broken up 1957.

Lysander
Lysander (/laɪˈsændər, ˈlaɪˌsændər/; Ancient Greek: Λύσανδρος Lysandros; c. 454 BC – 395 BC) was a Spartan commander and statesman who was one of the leading military and political leaders of Sparta during the Peloponnesian Wars. He destroyed the Athenian fleet at the Battle of Aegospotami in 405 BC, forcing Athens to capitulate and bringing the Peloponnesian Wars to an end. He then played a key role in Sparta's domination of Greece for the next decade until his death at the Battle of Haliartus.

Lysander's vision for Sparta differed from most Spartans; he wanted to overthrow the Athenian Empire and replace it with Spartan hegemony.
2023 Warren mayoral election
The 2023 Warren mayoral election took place on November 6, 2023, following a primary on August 8, 2023. Incumbent Mayor James R. Fouts attempted to seek a fifth term, but was barred from doing so by a 2020 amendment to the city charter. Fouts attempted to challenge the legality of the amendment and filed for re-election, but the Michigan Court of Appeals upheld the amendment and disqualified Fouts. Following Fouts's disqualification, six candidates ran to succeed him. In the August 8 primary, George Dimas, the Warren Human Resources Director, and State Representative Lori Stone, placed first and second, respectively, and advanced to the general election. Stone narrowly defeated Dimas, winning 53 percent of the vote to Dimas's 47 percent. Following Stone's resignation from the legislature, the State House was briefly tied, until a special election was held to replace her.

Michigan Court of Appeals
The Michigan Court of Appeals is the intermediate-level appellate court of the state of Michigan.  It was created by the Michigan Constitution of 1963, and commenced operations in 1965. Its opinions are reported both in an official publication of the State of Michigan, Michigan Appeals Reports, as well as the unofficial, privately published North Western Reporter, published by West. Appeals from this court's decisions go to the Michigan Supreme Court.
Yeşilçam Academy Award
The Yeşilçam Academy Award was the national film award of Turkey, which was presented by the Yeşilçam Film Academy (YEFA) in 2012. The award, which was named after Yeşilçam Street in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul where many film studios were based during the 1950s-1970s, was created by the Alliance of Cinema Labour Unions' Yeşilçam Film Academy (YEFA) in protest against Turkish Foundation of Cinema and Audiovisual Culture (TÜRSAK)'s disregard of their suggestions to give the Yeşilçam Award, which had been awarded from 2008 to 2011, a more professional structure. The Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Beyoğlu Municipality, who had been organizers along with TÜRSAK of the previous awards, failed to offer their support to this new award. The First Yeşilçam Film Academy Awards, which was held on June 4, 2012 at the Cemal Reşit Rey Concert Hall (CRRKS) and broadcast live on the A Haber news channel, were described as a mess and have not been held again.

Love Likes Coincidences
Love Likes Coincidences (Turkish: Aşk Tesadüfleri Sever) is a 2011 Turkish drama film, directed by Ömer Faruk Sorak, starring Mehmet Günsür and Belçim Bilgin Erdoğan as star crossed lovers whose lives are intertwined by a series of coincidences. The film, which opened on February 4, 2011 (2011-02-04) at number 1 in the Turkish box office, is one of the highest grossing Turkish films of 2011. In 2014, Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism conducted a survey in celebration of 100th year of Turkish Cinema, where the film has been selected as a part of 100 Best Turkish Films of all time, voted by over 100 universities, non-governmental organizations, and 360,000 individual votes.
Joanne Simpson
Joanne Simpson (formerly Joanne Malkus, born Joanne Gerould; March 23, 1923 – March 4, 2010) was the first woman in the United States to receive a Ph.D. in meteorology, which she received in 1949 from the University of Chicago. Simpson received both her undergraduate and graduate degrees from the University of Chicago, and did post-doctoral work at Dartmouth College. She was a member of the National Academy of Engineering, and taught and researched meteorology at numerous universities as well as the federal government. Simpson contributed to many areas of the atmospheric sciences, particularly in the field of tropical meteorology. She has researched hot towers, hurricanes, the trade winds, air-sea interactions, and helped develop the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM).

Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission
The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) was a joint space mission between NASA and JAXA designed to monitor and study tropical rainfall. The term refers to both the mission itself and the satellite that the mission used to collect data. TRMM was part of NASA's Mission to Planet Earth, a long-term, coordinated research effort to study the Earth as a global system. The satellite was launched on 27 November 1997 from the Tanegashima Space Center in Tanegashima, Japan. TRMM operated for 17 years, including several mission extensions, before being decommissioned on 15 April 2015. TRMM re-entered Earth's atmosphere on 16 June 2015.
Eugenia Etkina
Eugenia Etkina is a retired Russian and American scholar of physics education, focused on teacher preparation and professional development, and an author of physics textbooks centered on the Investigative Science Learning Environment framework for physics education and the Physics Union Mathematics high school curriculum. She is a distinguished professor of physics education, emeritus, in the Graduate School of Education of Rutgers University.

Physics education
Physics education or physics teaching refers to the education methods currently used to teach physics. The occupation is called physics educator or physics teacher. Physics education research refers to an area of pedagogical research that seeks to improve those methods. Historically, physics has been taught at the high school and college level primarily by the lecture method together with laboratory exercises aimed at verifying concepts taught in the lectures. These concepts are better understood when lectures are accompanied with demonstration, hand-on experiments, and questions that require students to ponder what will happen in an experiment and why. Students who participate in active learning for example with hands-on experiments learn through self-discovery. By trial and error they learn to change their preconceptions about phenomena in physics and discover the underlying concepts. Physics education is part of the broader area of science education.
Scouting and Guiding in Zambia
The Scout and Guide movement in Zambia is served by:

Girl Guides Association of Zambia, member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts

Zambia Scouts Association, member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement.

Girl Guides
Girl Guides (or Girl Scouts in the United States and some other countries) are organisations within the Scout Movement originally and largely still for girls and women only. The Girl Guides began in 1910 with the formation of The Girl Guides Association in the United Kingdom, following which, similar girl-only organisations were formed in other countries. Many girls and some organisations preferred to use the name Girl Scouts.
Jhootha Hi Sahi (soundtrack)
Jhootha Hi Sahi is the soundtrack to the 2010 Bollywood romantic comedy film of the same name, directed by Abbas Tyrewala starring John Abraham and Pakhi Tyrewala. The soundtrack, consisting of seven original tracks and two remix versions was composed by A. R. Rahman with lyrics penned by Abbas Tyrewala. The audio was officially released on 17 September by the Saregama label at the Sa Re Ga Ma Pa competition. The album was very well received by the critics and was the chart topper for some weeks.

"Call Me Dil", a track from the album became the first track that has been repeated 360 times on any radio channel in a single day across 15 cities in India. The track which was aired in Radio City is on its way to get an entry into the Limca Book of Records. The album also holds another record for being the first album to be released on the LP record format after more than a decade.

Paakhi Tyrewala
Pakhi Tyrewala is an Indian writer and director known for her impactful storytelling in independent cinema. She gained recognition for directing Pahuna: The Little Visitors (2017), a critically acclaimed children’s film produced by Priyanka Chopra, and Kajal (2019), a short film exploring gender dynamics.
Turret gun
A turret gun  is a type of multi-shot hand-held firearm. It is a variation on the percussion revolver, designed with chambers in a drum mounted so it would rotate horizontally (around a vertically mounted pivot), rather than around a horizontal axis, in an attempt to circumvent the patent of Samuel Colt. Chambers opened in all directions, and the weapon was prone to row ignition, all chambers firing in sequence, resulting in fatal accidents because one chamber always faces the shooter.

Several designs were attempted, including an 1837 Cochran and an 1851 Porter.

A number of turret rifles were also attempted. None of these weapons were successful, due to the row-firing hazard. As a result, they are very rare and much sought after.

Percussion cap
The percussion cap, percussion primer, or caplock, introduced in the early 1820s, is a type of single-use percussion ignition device for muzzle loader firearm locks enabling them to fire reliably in any weather condition. Its invention gave rise to the caplock mechanism or percussion lock system which used percussion caps struck by the hammer to set off the gunpowder charge in  rifles and cap and ball firearms. Any firearm using a caplock mechanism is a percussion gun. Any long gun with a cap-lock mechanism and rifled barrel is a percussion rifle. Cap and ball describes cap-lock firearms discharging a single bore-diameter spherical bullet with each shot.
Arne Hülphers
Arne Gunnar Valter Hülphers (April 4, 1904, Trollhättan – July 24, 1978, Norrköping Municipality) was a Swedish jazz pianist and bandleader.

Hülphers played early in his career at the club Felix-Kronprinsen, from 1924 to 1927, and played in dance bands in Sweden into the early 1930s. He founded his own ensemble in 1934 which became one of Sweden's most important jazz big bands, touring Europe and recording until 1940. Sidemen in his group included Miff Görling, Zilas Görling, and Thore Jederby. Later in his career, he concentrated more on popular musical styles; he led an orchestra in which Fred Bertelmann played, and in 1956 married singer Zarah Leander, whom he had previously accompanied as bandleader. They were married until his death in 1978.

Trollhättan
Trollhättan (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈtrɔ̂lːˌhɛtːan] ⓘ) is the 23rd-largest city in Sweden, the seat of Trollhättan Municipality, Västra Götaland County. It is situated by Göta älv, near the lake Vänern, and has a population of approximately 50,000 in the city proper. It is located 75 km (46 mi) north of Sweden's second-largest city, Gothenburg.
MIDACO
MIDACO (Mixed Integer Distributed Ant Colony Optimization) is a software package for numerical optimization based on evolutionary computing.
MIDACO was created in collaboration of
European Space Agency and EADS Astrium to solve constrained mixed-integer non-linear (MINLP) space applications.
MIDACO holds several record solutions on interplanetary spaceflight trajectory design problems made publicly available by European Space Agency. MIDACO is included in software packages like TOMLAB, Astos, and SigmaXL.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Grammy Award for Best Opera Recording
The Grammy Award for Best Opera Recording has been awarded since the 3rd Annual Grammy Awards in 1961. The award was originally titled Best Classical Opera Production. The current title has been used since the 4th Annual Grammy Awards in 1962.

Prior to 1961 the awards for operatic and choral performances were combined in a single award for Best Classical Performance, Operatic or Choral. This award was given at the 1st Annual Grammy Awards and 2nd Annual Grammy Awards.

According to the list of nominees for the 2026 Grammy season, the award goes to the conductor, album producer(s) and principal soloists, and also to the composer and librettist (if applicable) of a world premiere opera recording only.

Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented, for works released in the previous year.

Note: Performers and artists who did not receive a nomination and/or an award (such as orchestras, choruses, composers, librettists etc.) are listed between brackets.

1st Annual Grammy Awards
The 1st Annual Grammy Awards, which began as The Gramophone Awards, were held on May 4, 1959. They recognized musical accomplishments by performers for the year 1958. Two separate ceremonies were held simultaneously on the same day: one in the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, and the other in the Park Sheraton Hotel in New York City. Ella Fitzgerald, Count Basie, Domenico Modugno, Ross Bagdasarian, and Henry Mancini, each won 2 awards.
Martin Bodák
Martin Bodák (born 28 November 1998) is a Slovak professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for HK Poprad of the Slovak Extraliga.

Bodák previously played four games in the Finnish Liiga for Tappara during the 2016–17 Liiga season. He also played two seasons in the Western Hockey League for the Kootenay Ice. He signed with HC Vítkovice Ridera on May 9, 2019.

Tappara
Tappara (pronounced [ˈtɑpːɑrɑ]; Finnish for "Battle axe") is a Finnish professional ice hockey team playing in the SM-liiga. They play at Nokia Arena in Tampere, Finland. The team has won 20 Finnish league championships, which makes them the most successful club in Finland. The team continued the traditions of the Tammerfors Bollklub.
Japanese escort ship Kanawa
Kanawa was an Ukuru-class escort ship ("Kaibokan") of the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Second World War. After the war Kanawa was used in repatriation service. She was then taken by the British and scrapped in 1947 at Singapore.

Ocean escort
Ocean escort was a type of warship used by the United States Navy. They were an evolution of the destroyer escort types used during World War II. The ocean escorts were intended as convoy escorts and were designed for mobilization production in wartime or low-cost mass production in peacetime. They were commissioned from 1954 through 1974, serving in the Cold War and the Vietnam War.
Frank Comstock (politician)
Frank Comstock (August 19, 1856 – October 6, 1914) was an American politician and one-term Republican mayor of South Norwalk, Connecticut in 1889. He was born in Wilton in 1856. He was the son of  John R. Comstock and Helen Eugenia Whitney. He served for three years as a Burgess of the Borough of Norwalk. Comstock served in the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1893.

In 1882, Comstock founded, along with Samuel Raymond, the Raymond & Comstock Company, a hat factory at 50 Day Street, in Norwalk.

South Norwalk, Connecticut
South Norwalk is a neighborhood in Norwalk, Connecticut which corresponds to the city's Second Taxing District. Often referred to as SoNo, the neighborhood was originally settled as Old Well, then chartered as the city of South Norwalk on August 18, 1870. The cities of Norwalk and South Norwalk were incorporated on June 6, 1913. South Norwalk underwent major redevelopment during the early 21st century, with many new apartments being constructed, often in close proximity to South Norwalk station, and generally more expensive than existing housing.

South Norwalk is a diverse neighborhood both from a socioeconomic and racial perspective.

The neighborhood hosts the annual SoNo Arts Festival, an event that showcases local artists, businesses, and musical acts. The annual Norwalk Oyster Festival, sponsored by the Norwalk Seaport Association, is held at Veteran's Memorial Park, across the Norwalk Harbor in East Norwalk.