hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Russian language in Latvia
The Russian language is spoken by a significant minority in Latvia. According to the External Migration Survey in 2017, it was the native language of 36% of the population, whereas 25.4% of the population were ethnic Russians.

Medium of instruction
A medium of instruction (plural: media of instruction, or mediums of instruction) is a language used in teaching. It may or may not be the official language of the country or territory. If the first language of students is different from the official language, it may be used as the medium of instruction for part or all of schooling. Bilingual education or multilingual education may involve the use of more than one language of instruction. UNESCO considers that "providing education in a child's mother tongue is indeed a critical issue". In post-secondary, university and special education settings, content may often be taught in a language that is not spoken in the students' homes. This is referred to as content based learning or content and language integrated learning (CLIL). In situations where the medium of instruction of academic disciplines is English when it is not the students' first language, the phenomenon is referred to as English-medium instruction (EMI).
Scottish Cycling
Scottish Cycling, legally the Scottish Cyclists' Union (SCU), is the governing body for cycle sport in Scotland and is part of British Cycling, the national governing body in Britain.

Scottish Cycling is currently located in the Sir Chris Hoy Velodrome, Glasgow. It covers road bicycle racing, track cycling, mountain bike racing, cyclo-cross, BMX racing, cycle speedway and time trialing.

Scottish Cycling introduced the MBLA award scheme (previously Scottish Mountain Bike Leader Award), qualification in the UK for leading organised groups on mountain biking rides. This award is now simply called the Mountain Bike Leader Award.

Scottish Cycling has a performance department to help train and develop Scottish athletes. It also enters Scottish teams for events such as the Commonwealth Games, UCI Europe Tour events and UCI Mountain Bike events.

BMX racing
BMX racing is a type of bicycle racing which features BMX riders sharing a short single-lap circuit or point-to-point course, with multiple banked corners, jumps and rollers. The format of BMX was derived from motocross racing, and sanctioned internationally by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), facilitated by a number of continental, national and local sanctioning bodies.
2023 Tennis in the Land – Singles
Sara Sorribes Tormo defeated Ekaterina Alexandrova in the final, 3–6, 6–4, 6–4 to win the singles title at the 2023 Tennis in the Land. She won the title as a lucky loser, becoming just the sixth player in WTA Tour history to do so and the third within a five-week span.

Liudmila Samsonova was the reigning champion, but withdrew before the tournament began.

Ekaterina Alexandrova
Ekaterina Evgenyevna Alexandrova (Russian: Екатери́на Евге́ньевна Александро́ва, IPA: [jɪkətʲɪˈrʲinə ɐlʲɪksɐnˈdrovə]; born 15 November 1994) is a Russian professional tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 10, achieved on 13 October 2025 and a best doubles ranking of No. 41, reached on 8 September 2025.

Alexandrova has won seven WTA Tour titles combined, five in singles and two in doubles. She also earned three WTA Challenger titles in singles, as well as seven singles titles on the ITF Women's Tour.
Type 63 AT mine
The Type 63 AT mine is a large circular Japanese minimum metal anti-tank blast mine. The mine does not float and is waterproof, enabling it to be used in shallow water. The mine uses a standard mechanical pressure fuze, with three ball bearings retaining a spring-loaded striker over a detonator assembly. The Type 63B variant has a secondary fuze well to attach an anti-handling device.

Firing pin
A firing pin or striker is a part of the firing mechanism of a firearm that impacts the primer in the base of a cartridge and causes it to fire.  In firearms terminology, a striker is a particular type of firing pin where a compressed spring acts directly on the firing pin to provide the impact force rather than it being struck by a hammer.

The terms may also be used for a component of equipment or a device which has a similar function.  Such equipment or devices include: artillery, munitions and pyrotechnics.
Mahanama College
Mahanama College is a Buddhist school for boys in Colombo, Sri Lanka, established in 1954. As a public national school, it is controlled by the Sri Lankan government rather than a provincial council. It provides primary and secondary education.

Mahanama College is located in Kollupitiya, Colombo, with its main entrance from Richard Aluwihare de Mel Mawatha, Colombo 3. The southern boundary of the campus adjoins Church Missionary Society Ladies' College.

Government of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය, romanised: Śrī Laṅkā Rajaya; Tamil: இலங்கை அரசாங்கம், romanised: Ilaṇkai Aracāṅkam) is a semi-presidential republic determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.
Homegoings (film)
Homegoings is a 2013 documentary film directed by Christine Turner about the Owens Funeral Home on Lenox Avenue in Harlem, exploring African-American death rituals through the work of funeral home director Isaiah Owens. The film premiered February 28 at the Museum of Modern Art's 'Documentary Fortnight 2013' showcase, before airing on PBS-TV's POV series and screening for a week at the Maysles Cinema.

A Brooklyn-based documentary filmmaker and child of a Chinese-American mother and African-American father, Turner has stated she initially became interested in death rituals after both of her grandmothers died within two weeks of each other. She subsequently contacted Owens—known as "Fix Em" for his ability to repair corpses ravaged by disease, accident or violence—after reading a newspaper article about his work. Filming began in 2009.

Rituals (film)
Rituals is a 1977 Canadian horror-thriller film directed by Peter Carter, and starring Hal Holbrook, Lawrence Dane, and Robin Gammell. It centers on a group of doctors who are stalked and murdered while on a wilderness trip in remote Northern Ontario. The film was also released under the alternate title The Creeper.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD27
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA SNORD27 (also known as U27 in mammals and snR74 in fungi) is a member of the C/D class of snoRNA which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. U27 is encoded within the U22 snoRNA host gene (UHG) in mammals and is thought to act as a 2'-O-ribose methylation guide for ribosomal RNA. This family also contains several related snoRNAs from yeast and plants.

Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group. Methylation is a form of alkylation, with a methyl group replacing a hydrogen atom.  These terms are commonly used in chemistry, biochemistry, soil science, and biology.

In biological systems, methylation is catalyzed by enzymes; such methylation can be involved in modification of heavy metals, regulation of gene expression, regulation of protein function, and RNA processing. In vitro methylation of tissue samples is also a way to reduce some histological staining artifacts. The reverse of methylation is demethylation.
Gettman
Gettman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jake Gettman (1875–1956), Russian-born American baseball player

Jon Gettman (born 1957), American cannabis activist

Virginia Leslie Gettman (1922–2011), American actress known professionally as Leslie Brooks

Jon Gettman
Jon B. Gettman (born August 20, 1957) is a marijuana rights activist, a leader of the Coalition for Rescheduling Cannabis, and a former head of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws. He has a PhD in public policy and regional economic development from George Mason University and is a longtime contributor to High Times magazine. Gettman filed a petition in 1995 to remove cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act that was eventually denied. A second petition was filed in 2002, with the Coalition for Rescheduling Cannabis, that remains under review by the Department of Health and Human Services. Gettman frequently publishes on the marijuana industry and is an associate professor of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Shenandoah University in Virginia.
A. H. Brown Public Library
The A.H. Brown Public Library, also known as the Mobridge Public Library, on N. Main St. in Mobridge, South Dakota, was built in 1930.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

It was designed by architect George Fossum, of Aberdeen, South Dakota.  Its NRHP nomination argues that the building is one of Mobridge's most important buildings" and that it "provides a good example of the type of architecture prevalent during the eclectic period: The library borrows from the classical, Jacobethan, and English Medieval modes. The library has been and continues to be a purveyor of educational material to the community. Also the building is important because it represents the philanthropy of A.H.Brown, a successful local businessman."

Mobridge, South Dakota
Mobridge, also known as Kȟowákataŋ Otȟúŋwahe (Lakota: Kȟowákataŋ Otȟúŋwahe; lit. "Over-the-River Town"), is a city in Walworth County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 3,261 according to the 2020 census.
Krzysztof Tuduj
Krzysztof Tuduj (born 25 April 1981 in Warsaw) is a Polish lawyer, activist, and politician. He has been the second vice-chairman of the National Movement and a deputy in the Sejm since 2019.

In 2019, he was elected to Sejm, starting from the Confederation Freedom and Independence list in the Wrocław constituency.

He is married and raises foster children.

National Movement (Poland)
The National Movement (Polish: Ruch Narodowy [rux na.rɔˈdɔ.vɨ], RN) is a far-right political party in Poland. It is led by Krzysztof Bosak. It claims spiritual descendance from the prewar movement of Roman Dmowski, the National Democracy, which was also commonly called the National Movement.

It was founded in 2012 as an organization, and in 2014 it was registered as a political party. It is a part of the Confederation Liberty and Independence, and it currently has seven members in the Sejm. It is a far-right political party and it is orientated towards socially conservative and militarist stances.
2020 Maldivian Second Division Football Tournament
Statistics of Second Division Football Tournament in the 2020 season.

2018 Third Division Football Tournament champions Rock Street Sports Club decided not to play in second division despite promotion, relegating them to Maldivian Third Division Football Tournament.

On 13 October 2019, President of Football Association of Maldives, Bassam Adeel Jaleel announced that Maldives Under 19 will compete in the Second Division Football Tournament from 2020 season onward.

The winners of the semi-finals; Club Valencia and Super United Sports advance to the final, with gaining automatic promotion to the Dhivehi Premier League for the following season, as New Radiant Sports Club and Victory Sports Club both teams being suspended. Both New Radiant and Victory will have to play in the Second Division Football Tournament even if their suspension cast aside.

Maldivian Third Division Football Tournament
Third Division Football Tournament is the third division of the Maldivian football league system, organized by the Football Association of Maldives.

A new structure for the Third Division Football Tournament was introduced for the 2015 season.
Hibbertia crassifolia
Hibbertia crassifolia is a shrub in the Dilleniaceae family and is endemic to Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with multiple stems that typically grows to a height of 0.2 to 0.6 m (7.9 in to 1 ft 11.6 in) but can reach 0.9 m (2 ft 11 in). It blooms between April and September and produces yellow flowers. The species has a scattered distribution through the western Wheatbelt region of Western Australia between Three Springs in the north, Ballidu in the east and Wandering in the south where it is found on sandplains and breakaways growing in sandy lateritic soils.

This species was first formally described in 1849 by Nikolai Turczaninow in the Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou and given the name Pleurandra crassifolia. In 1863, George Bentham changed the name to Hibbertia crassifolia in Flora Australiensis. The specific epithet (crassifolia) means "thick-leaved".

Wheatbelt (Western Australia)
The Wheatbelt is one of nine regions of Western Australia defined as administrative areas for the state's regional development, and a vernacular term for the area converted to agriculture during colonisation. It partially surrounds the Perth metropolitan area, extending north from Perth to the Mid West region, and east to the Goldfields–Esperance region.  It is bordered to the south by the South West and Great Southern regions, and to the west by the Indian Ocean, the Perth metropolitan area, and the Peel region.  Altogether, it has an area of 154,862 square kilometres (59,793 sq mi) (including islands).

The region has 42 local government authorities, with an estimated population of 75,000 residents. The Wheatbelt accounts for approximately three per cent of Western Australia's population.
William Hector Payne
William Hector Payne (5 July 1914 – 18 April 1989) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was an insurance agent and sales manager by career.

He was first elected at the Coast—Capilano riding in the 1958 general election defeating Liberal incumbent James Sinclair. Payne made a previous unsuccessful attempt to win the riding in the 1957 election. After serving his only term, the 24th Parliament, Payne lost Coast—Capilano to Liberal candidate Jack Davis in the 1962 election.

24th Canadian Parliament
The 24th Canadian Parliament was in session from May 12, 1958, until April 19, 1962. The membership was set by the 1958 federal election on March 31, 1958, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1962 election.

It was controlled by a Progressive Conservative Party majority,  which won the largest majority in Canadian history, under Prime Minister John Diefenbaker and the 18th Canadian Ministry.  The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Lester B. Pearson.

The Speaker was Roland Michener.  See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1952-1966 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were five sessions of the 24th Parliament.
Teatro Aberto
38°44′10″N 9°09′31″W﻿ / ﻿38.73621°N 9.15848°W﻿ / 38.73621; -9.15848
Teatro Aberto is a theatre located in Lisbon, Portugal next to the Praça Espanha.

Together with the Portuguese Society of Authors (Sociedade Portuguesa de Autores), it organizes the annual Grande Prémio de Teatro Português.

Irene Cruz
Irene Cruz is a photographer, director of photography and video artist. She is fully dedicated to photography in various fields: video art, cinema, as well as teaching. Her works have been presented in festivals, fairs and also, individual/group exhibitions around the world, as at the Paris' Tokyo Palais, Círculo de Bellas Artes or the Palacio de Cibeles (Madrid, Spain), The KunstHalle or the Deutsche Oper (Berlín), Project Art Space (Nueva York), Museo de la Universidad de Alicante (MUA) (Alicante, Spain) or Da2 (Salamanca, Spain). She currently lives in Berlin, Germany, where she takes advantage of the closeness to nature and the light of the north to incorporate them into her work.
The Janice Long Session EP
The Janice Long Session EP is an EP by Danielle Dax, an English experimental musician and former member of The Lemon Kittens. It was later released as the BBC Sessions in the U.S. in 1991. It was recorded on 1 December 1985, and was first transmitted on 14 January 1986. The recording was later released in 1988 on the Strange Fruit Records label.

Dax provided vocals and played synthesizers, David Knight played synthesizers, Ian Sturgess played bass, and percussion, Steve Reeves played guitar, and Martyn Watts played drums. The cover artwork is by AJ Barratt / Retna Pictures Ltd.

Lemon Kittens
Lemon Kittens are a post-punk band, formed in Reading, Berkshire, England in 1977, by Karl Blake and Gary Thatcher. The cast of the band revolved quite frequently, notably counting among its membership musicians such as Danielle Dax and Mark Perry (of Alternative TV) and The Good Missionaries, not to mention Dr Phil Thornton.
Hyperolius chrysogaster
Hyperolius chrysogaster is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is endemic to the Rwenzori and northern Itombwe Mountains in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. There are also unconfirmed records from Rwanda.

Its natural habitats are high-altitude montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by logging, agriculture and human settlements. It occurs in the Virunga National Park, possibly also in the Kahuzi-Biéga National Park and Nyungwe Forest National Park (Rwanda).

Itombwe Mountains
The Itombwe Mountains (or Itombwe Massif, Plateau) are a range of mountains in the South Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). They run along the west shore of the northern part of Lake Tanganyika.  They contain a vast area of contiguous montane forest and are home to a rich diversity of wildlife.
Paopi 4
Paopi 3 – Coptic calendar – Paopi 5

The fourth day of the Coptic month of Paopi, the second month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to October 1, of the Julian calendar, and October 14, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Akhet, the season of inundation.

Season of the Inundation
The Season of the Inundation or Flood (Akhet in Egyptian) (Ancient Egyptian: Ꜣḫt) was the first season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the intercalary month of Days over the Year (Ḥryw Rnpt) and before the Season of the Emergence (Prt). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Thout (about 11 September), continues through the months of Paopi and Hathor, before concluding at the end of Koiak (about 8 January).: 453
1989 Thriftway ATP Championship
The 1989 Thriftway ATP Championship, also known as the Cincinnati Open, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio in the United States that was part of the 1989 Nabisco Grand Prix. The tournament was held from August 14 through August 20, 1989. Fifth-seeded Brad Gilbert won the singles title.

Lindner Family Tennis Center
The Lindner Family Tennis Center is a tennis facility in Mason, Ohio. It is the home of the Cincinnati Open and is owned by Tennis for Charity, Inc. The grounds include five permanent tennis stadia, Center Court, Grandstand Court, Champions Court, Stadium 3 and Court 10, distinguishing the center as the only world tennis venue, apart from the four Grand Slam venues, with more than two permanent stadia. Center Court, built in 1981 and expanded many times since, has a capacity of 11,600.

Its name, The Lindner Family Tennis Center, pays tribute to the family of a former tournament sponsor, the late Cincinnati financier, Carl Lindner, Jr., rather than a more intriguing local attribute such as Indian Wells Tennis Garden.

Browning Day of Indianapolis has been the architectural firm of record for the Center since its conception.
Scrapple from the Apple
"Scrapple from the Apple" is a bebop composition by Charlie Parker written in 1947, commonly recognized today as a jazz standard, written in F major. The song borrows its chord progression from "Honeysuckle Rose", a common practice for Parker, as he based many of his successful tunes over already well-known chord changes.

While the A section is based on "Honeysuckle Rose", the B section or "middle eight" comes from the rhythm changes, which are based on George Gershwin's "I Got Rhythm".

Thirty-two bar form
The 32-bar form, also known as the AABA song form, American popular song form and the ballad form, is a song structure commonly found in Tin Pan Alley songs and other American popular music, especially in the first half of the 20th century.

The song form consists of four sections: an eight-bar A section; a second eight-bar A section (which may have slight changes from the first A section); an eight-bar B section, often with contrasting harmony or "feel"; and a final eight-bar A section. The core melody line is generally retained in each A section, although variations may be added, particularly for the last A section.

Examples of 32-bar AABA form songs include "Over the Rainbow", "I Got Rhythm", "What'll I Do", "Make You Feel My Love", "The Man I Love": 5 , "Primrose Lane", "Let's Get Away From It All", and "Blue Skies".: 109  Many show tunes that have become jazz standards are 32-bar song forms.
Jim McMahon (politician)
James Ignatius O'Rourke McMahon OBE (born 7 July 1980) is a British politician who served as Minister of State for Local Government and English Devolution from 2024 to 2025. A member of Labour Co-op, he has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Oldham West and Royton since 2015 and as the Chair of the Co-operative Party since 2020.

McMahon was a Councillor from 2003 to 2017, serving as Leader of Oldham Metropolitan Borough Council from 2011 to 2016. He served in the shadow cabinet as Shadow Transport Secretary from 2020 to 2021, and Shadow Environment Secretary from 2021 to 2023.

Minister of State for Local Government and Homelessness
The Minister of State for Local Government and Homelessness is a junior position in the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government in the British government. The position is currently held by Alison McGovern.
Ganggajang (album)
Ganggajang, stylised as GANGgajang, is the self-titled debut album from GANGgajang.  It was released on True Tone Records through Polygram Records in 1985 and sold over 120,000 copies. It was produced by Joe Wissert, with band members Graham 'Buzz' Bidstrup and Mark Callaghan.

Joe Wissert
Joe Wissert (born c. 1942 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American record producer. Wissert has worked with artists such as Earth, Wind & Fire, Boz Scaggs, Helen Reddy, The Lovin' Spoonful, Gordon Lightfoot and The Turtles.
Edward Manning Ruttenber
Edward Manning Ruttenber, usually published as E. M. Ruttenber (July 17, 1825 – Dec. 5, 1907) was an American historian who wrote History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River and other histories of the Hudson River Valley.

Hudson Valley
The Hudson Valley or Hudson River Valley comprises the valley of the Hudson River and its adjacent communities in the U.S. state of New York. The region stretches from the Capital District including Albany and Troy south to Yonkers in Westchester County, bordering New York City.
Nind Kot
Nind Kot, also known as Nindkot or Nand Kot, is an archaeological site featuring the remains of a fortress located in Thatta District, Sindh, Pakistan. The fortress dates to the early Muslim period, between the 11th and 13th centuries.

The fort likely acted as a key defensive stronghold in the wide plains of the lower Indus Valley, overseeing movement and trade routes to and from the Arabian Sea. It stands along the bank of a now-dry branch of the Indus River, about 33 miles southeast of Kalan Kot near Thatta.

Thatta District
Thatta District  (Sindhi: ٺٽو ضلعو, Urdu: ضلع ٹھٹھہ) is located in the southern area, locally called Laar, of the province of Sindh, Pakistan. Its capital is Thatta. It is home to a large necropolis of Makli. In 2013, several talukas were separated to form the new Sujawal District.