hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Harrison (engineer)
James Harrison (17 April 1816 – 3 September 1893) was a Scottish Australian newspaper printer, journalist, politician, and pioneer in the field of mechanical refrigeration.

Harrison founded the Geelong Advertiser newspaper and was a member of the Victorian Legislative Council and Victorian Legislative Assembly. Harrison is also remembered as the inventor of the mechanical refrigeration process creating ice and founder of the Victorian Ice Works and as a result, is often called "the father of refrigeration". In 1873 he won a gold medal at the Melbourne Exhibition by proving that meat kept frozen for months remained perfectly edible.

University of Strathclyde
The University of Strathclyde (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Shrath Chluaidh) is a public research university located in Glasgow, Scotland. Founded in 1796 as the Andersonian Institute, it is Glasgow's second-oldest university, having received its royal charter in 1964 as the first technological university in the United Kingdom. Taking its name from the historic Kingdom of Strathclyde, its combined enrolment of 25,000 undergraduate and graduate students ranks it Scotland's third-largest university, drawn with its staff from over 100 countries.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £430.6 million of which £119.5 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £440.1 million.
Ruijin–Meizhou railway
The Ruijin–Meizhou railway (Simplified Chinese: 瑞梅铁路) is a railway line currently under construction in Jiangxi, China. The line will be 240.3 kilometres (149.3 mi) long and have a maximum speed of 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph). In May 2024, it was expected the line would be completed in 2027.

The northern terminus of the line is Ruijin railway station while the southern terminus is Meizhou railway station.

Glossary of rail transport terms
Rail transport terms are a form of technical terminology applied to railways. Although many terms are uniform across different nations and companies, they are by no means universal, with differences often originating from parallel development of rail transport systems in different parts of the world, and in the national origins of the engineers and managers who built the inaugural rail infrastructure. An example is the term railroad, used (but not exclusively) in North America, and railway, generally used in English-speaking countries outside North America and by the International Union of Railways. In English-speaking countries outside the United Kingdom, a mixture of US and UK terms may exist.

Various terms, both global and specific to individual countries, are listed here. The abbreviation "UIC" refers to terminology adopted by the International Union of Railways in its official publications and thesaurus.
The Hutchins School
The Hutchins School, colloquially known as Hutchins, is an Anglican, day and boarding school for boys from pre-kindergarten to Year 12 in Hobart, Tasmania. Established in 1846, Hutchins is one of the oldest continuously operating schools in Australia.

Hutchins is a founding-member of the International Boys' Schools Coalition (IBSC), and a member of Independent Schools Tasmania (IST). The Hutchins School is one of the two boys' schools in Tasmania.

K–12
K–12 (from kindergarten to twelfth grade) is an English language expression that indicates the range of years of publicly supported primary and secondary education found in the United States and Canada, which is similar to publicly supported school grades before tertiary education in several other countries, such as  Armenia, Australia, China, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Iran, the Philippines, South Korea, and Turkey. K–12 refers to the American system which affords authority to local intersectional "districts" which may be specific to a municipality, county, or several regions, depending on population and proximity.
Tarciane
Tarciane Karen dos Santos de Lima (born 27 May 2003), simply known as Tarciane, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a central defender for the Première Ligue club Lyon and the Brazil women's national team.

OL Lyonnes
OL Lyonnes, formerly known as Olympique Lyonnais Féminin (French pronunciation: [ɔlɛ̃pik ljɔnɛ]) and still commonly known as Lyon or simply OL, is a French women's professional football club based in Lyon. The club has been the female section of Olympique Lyonnais since 2004. It is the most successful club in the history of the Première Ligue, with eighteen league titles as Olympique Lyonnais and four league titles as FC Lyon before the acquisition.

Since the 2010s, Lyon has frequently been named the strongest women's team in the world, and has been cited as a model for the development of women's football in both economic and cultural terms. The team has won eight UEFA Women's Champions League titles, including a record five successive titles from 2016 to 2020, as well as fourteen consecutive domestic league titles from 2007 to 2020. They have also won five trebles when the top-level continental competition is considered, the most for any team.
New York Brass Quintet
The New York Brass Quintet, founded in 1954 by Robert Nagel and Harvey Phillips, was the first brass quintet to regularly perform on the concert stage. The ensemble is credited with popularizing the modern brass quintet in its most common form: 2 trumpets, 1 horn, 1 trombone, and 1 tuba. While the NYBQ most frequently performed transcriptions, they also commissioned prominent works for the brass quintet by Alec Wilder (1959), Malcolm Arnold (1961), Gunther Schuller (1961), Alvin Etler (1963), Vincent Persichetti (1968), and Jan Bach (1971). The quintet disbanded in 1985.

Vincent Persichetti
Vincent Ludwig Persichetti (June 6, 1915 – August 14, 1987) was an American composer, teacher, and pianist. An important musical educator and writer, he was known for his integration of various new ideas in musical composition into his own work and teaching, as well as for training many noted composers in composition at the Juilliard School.

His students at Juilliard included Philip Glass, Steve Reich, Larry Thomas Bell, Bruce Adolphe, Louis Calabro, Moshe Cotel, Michael Jeffrey Shapiro, Laurie Spiegel, Kenneth Fuchs, Richard Danielpour, Lawrence Dillon, Peter Schickele, Lowell Liebermann, Robert Witt, Elena Ruehr, William Schimmel, Leonardo Balada, Gitta Steiner, Hank Beebe, Roland Wiggins, Thomas Pasatieri, Randell Croley and Leo Brouwer. He also taught composition to Joseph Willcox Jenkins and conductor James DePreist at the Philadelphia Conservatory.
SMCHD1
Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes flexible Hinge Domain Containing 1 (SMCHD1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMCHD1 gene. Mutations in SMCHD1 are causative for development of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 2 (FSHD2) and Bosma arhinia microphthalmia syndrome (BAMS).

Without maternal SMCHD1 in the egg cell, children bear with altered skeletal structures.

Egg cell
The egg cell or ovum (pl.: ova) is the female reproductive cell, or gamete, in most anisogamous organisms (organisms that reproduce sexually with a larger, female gamete and a smaller, male one). The term is used when the female gamete is not capable of movement (non-motile). If the male gamete (sperm) is capable of movement, the type of sexual reproduction is also classified as oogamous. A nonmotile female gamete formed in the oogonium of some algae, fungi, oomycetes, or bryophytes is an oosphere. When fertilized, the oosphere becomes the oospore.

When egg and sperm fuse together during fertilisation, a diploid cell (the zygote) is formed, which rapidly grows into a new organism.
Graham Dill
Graham John Dill (born 14 September 1970) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Dill was born at Luton in September 1970. He was educated at St Albans School, before going up to University College, Swansea. At the age of thirty he attended a postgraduate teacher training course at Homerton College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge, Dill played first-class cricket in 2001, making three appearances for Cambridge UCCE and one appearance for Cambridge University against Oxford University in The University Match. His four matches yielded him 27 runs and 5 wickets. Dill gained a blue in both cricket and golf and was the first person to gain a double-blue in both cricket and golf since Ted Dexter forty years previously. In 2002, he played minor counties cricket for Hertfordshire.

Blue (university sport)
A blue is an award of sporting colours earned by athletes at some universities and schools for competition at the highest level. The awarding of blues began at Oxford and Cambridge universities in England. They are now awarded at a number of other British universities and at some universities in Australia and New Zealand.
The Church Needs Good Deacons
"The Church Needs Good Deacons" is a gospel blues song written by Washington Phillips (1880–1954) and recorded by him in 1929 (vocals and zither).

A deacon is a Christian minister associated with service of some kind, which varies among theological and denominational traditions. Phillips refers to the great example of St. Stephen, one of the seven deacons appointed to distribute food and charitable aid to poorer members of the community in the early church. He goes on to say:

A deacon he must be a clean man,
And he must live a mighty smooth life,
He must have his children under good control,
And be the husband of one wife.

He condemns deacons of his time who "won't put up with one honest woman, but tries to live with two or three", and concludes with a reference to the description of what the character of a deacon should be in the First Epistle to Timothy (traditionally attributed to St. Paul) at 3:8–13.

Gospel blues
Gospel blues (or holy blues) is a form of blues-based gospel music that has been around since the inception of blues music. It combines evangelistic lyrics with blues instrumentation, often blues guitar accompaniment.

According to musician and historian Stefan Grossman, "holy blues" was coined to originally describe Reverend Gary Davis's style of traditional blues playing with lyrics conveying a religious message. Davis and Blind Willie Johnson are considered the genre's two dominant performers, according to Dick Weissman. Other notable gospel-blues performers include Sister Rosetta Tharpe and Washington Phillips.

Blues musicians who became devout, or even practicing clergy, include Reverend Robert Wilkins and Ishman Bracey. Bluesmen such as Blind Willie Johnson, Blind Lemon Jefferson, Charley Patton, Son House, Bukka White, and Skip James also recorded gospel blues or religious songs. Blind Lemon Jefferson and Charley Patton released gospel songs under a pseudonym.
Mausoleum of Mateiaș
Heroes' Mausoleum, in the commune of Valea Mare-Pravăț, Argeș County, Romania, also known as the Mausoleum of Mateiaș, is a historic monument dedicated to the heroes of the war of 1916–1918, considered by Romanians as the War for National Integration. It is located on the European Route E574 (DN 73), 11 km from Câmpulung towards Brașov, on Mateiaș Hill.

The monument is listed at position no. 1010, with the code AG-IV-m-A-14017, in the "List of historical monuments", updated by the Order of the Minister of Culture and Religion no. 2314/July 8, 2004.

Union of Transylvania with Romania
The union of Transylvania with Romania was declared on 1 December [O.S. 18 November] 1918 by the assembly of the delegates of ethnic Romanians held in Alba Iulia. The Great Union Day (also called Unification Day), celebrated on 1 December, is a national holiday in Romania that celebrates this event. The holiday was established after the Romanian Revolution, and celebrates the unification not only of Transylvania, but also of Bessarabia and Bukovina and parts of Banat, Crișana and Maramureș with the Romanian Kingdom. Bessarabia and Bukovina had joined with the Kingdom of Romania earlier in 1918.
Bodiniel
Bodiniel is a group of small settlements in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom one mile (1.6 km) north of Bodmin town centre. It is in the civil parish of Helland.

The settlements are three farmstead hamlets (Bodiniel, Middle Bodiniel, and Higher Bodiniel) on high ground overlooking the River Camel valley.

River Camel
The River Camel  (Cornish: Dowr Kammel, meaning crooked river) is a river in Cornwall, England. It rises on the edge of Bodmin Moor and with its tributaries its catchment area covers much of North Cornwall. The river flows into the eastern Celtic Sea between Stepper Point and Pentire Point having covered about 30 miles (50 km) making it the second longest river wholly in Cornwall. The river is tidal upstream to Egloshayle and is popular for sailing, birdwatching and fishing. The name Camel comes from the Cornish language for 'the crooked one', a reference to its winding course. Historically the river was divided into three named stretches. Heyl (Cornish: Heyl, meaning estuary) was the name for the estuary up to Egloshayle, the River Allen (Cornish: Dowr Alen, meaning shining river) was the stretch between Egloshayle and Trecarne, whilst the Camel was reserved for the stretch of river between its source and Trecarne.
Leonard Beyers
Lieutenant General Leonard Beyers (22 January 1894 – 15 April 1959) was a South African soldier. Although he never saw active service in the field during the two world wars, he became Chief of the General Staff in command of the Union Defence Force in 1949. He resigned after only a short time in this position, citing the interference in military matters by Minister of Defence Frans Erasmus as the reason for his resignation.

Demographics of South Africa
According to the 2022 census, the population of South Africa is about 62 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions, with a majority being Black Africans. The South African National Census of 2022 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2032.

In 2011, Statistics South Africa counted 2.1 million foreigners in total. Reports suggest that is an underestimation. The real figure may be as high as five million, including some three million Zimbabweans.
Vibeology
"Vibeology" is a song by American singer Paula Abdul, taken from the singer's second studio album, Spellbound (1991). The house and new jack swing number was written by Peter Lord, Sandra St. Victor, and V. Jeffrey Smith and produced by Lord and Smith. It was first released on October 21, 1991, in Japan via Virgin Records and Abdul's vanity label Captive Records, becoming the album's fourth official single. In Europe and Australia, the track was released as the third single as "Blowing Kisses in the Wind" was not released in the former and would be released in the latter following "Vibeology".

Vanity label
Informally, a vanity label (compare vanity press) is a record label founded as a wholly  or partially owned subsidiary of another, larger, and better established (at least at the time of the vanity label's founding) record label, where the subsidiary is (at least nominally) controlled by a successful recording artist, designed to allow this artist to release music by other artists they admire.

The parent label handles the production and distribution and funding of the vanity label, but the album is usually released with the vanity brand name prominent. Usually, the artist/head of the vanity label is signed to the parent label, and this artist's own recordings will be released under the vanity brand name.

Creating a vanity label can be an attractive idea for the parent label, primarily as a "perk" to keep a successful artist on the label's roster happy and as a venue to bring fellow artists to the public's attention.
Cornelia Schmachtenberg
Cornelia Schmachtenberg (born 17 February 1991) is a German politician serving as minister of agriculture, rural areas, European affairs and consumer protection of Schleswig-Holstein since 2025. She has been a member of the Landtag of Schleswig-Holstein since 2022.

Landtag of Schleswig-Holstein
The Schleswig-Holstein Landtag is the state parliament of the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. It convenes in the state's capital Kiel and currently consists of 69 members of five parties. The current majority consists of a coalition of the Christian Democratic Union and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister President Daniel Günther.

The Landtag maintains partnerships with the parliament of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, the Oblast Duma of the Kaliningrad Oblast and the parliament of the Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Helen Walden
Helen Walden FRSE is an English structural biologist who received the Colworth medal from the Biochemical Society in 2015. She was awarded European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) membership in 2022. She is a Professor of Structural Biology at the University of Glasgow and has made significant contributions to the Ubiquitination field.

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is a pediatric treatment and research hospital headquartered in Memphis, Tennessee. Founded by entertainer Danny Thomas in 1962, it is a 501(c)(3) designated nonprofit medical corporation which focuses on children's catastrophic diseases, particularly leukemia and other cancers. In the 2021 fiscal year, St. Jude received $2 billion in donations. Daily operating costs average $1.7 million, but patients are not charged for care. St. Jude's covers some, but not all cancer-related costs. St. Jude treats patients up to age 21, and for some conditions, up to age 25.
Gibberish (song)
"Gibberish" is a song by American singer MAX. The song was released as a single on March 23, 2015. It features the vocals of Hoodie Allen. The music video was released the same day and as of October 2017 has over 20 million views on YouTube. The song was featured on the dance game, Just Dance 2016.

Upon release, the song was MAX's most successful single to date, peaking at number one on the Twitter Trending 140. The song was put on MAX's EP, Ms. Anonymous, and was included on his studio album, Hell's Kitchen Angel.

In June 2016, when MAX was picked as Elvis Duran's Artist of the Month, he was featured on NBC's Today show hosted by Kathie Lee Gifford and Hoda Kotb and broadcast nationally where he performed "Gibberish" live on the show. The song was nominated for an 'Ardy' at the Radio Disney Music Awards (2016) for Best Song to Lip Sync To.

Hoodie Allen
Steven Adam Markowitz (born August 19, 1988), known professionally as Hoodie Allen, is an American rapper from Plainview, New York. After graduating from the University of Pennsylvania, he began working at Google before ultimately quitting to pursue a full-time career in hip hop music.

His debut extended play (EP), All American (2012), peaked at number ten on the Billboard 200. His debut studio album People Keep Talking (2014), peaked at number eight and spawned the single "All About It" (featuring Ed Sheeran), his sole entry on the Billboard Hot 100. His second album, Happy Camper (2016), peaked at number 26 on the Billboard 200, while his third, The Hype (2017), narrowly entered the chart.

He is regarded as a preeminent artist in frat rap, a subgenre of hip hop lyrically centered around coming of age hedonism. Markowitz has remained an independent artist throughout his career.
Draba subumbellata
Draba subumbellata is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae known by several common names, including parasol draba, mound draba, and White Mountains cushion draba. This small perennial plant is native to the White Mountains which straddle the California-Nevada state line and the Inyo Mountains nearby. It lives on barren rocky scree above 3000 meters.

This alpine-adapted plant forms cushion-like mats amongst the rock litter on mountain peaks. Its tiny leaves are covered in bushy hairs. At flowering small bunches of tiny buds open to reveal bright yellow petals each a few millimeters wide. The fruits are hairy, slightly inflated siliques less than a centimeter long.

Silique
A silique or siliqua (pl. siliques or siliquae) is a type of fruit (seed capsule) having two fused carpels with the length being more than three times the width. When the length is less than three times the width of the dried fruit it is referred to as a silicle. The outer walls of the ovary (the valves) usually separate when ripe, then being named dehiscent, and leaving a persistent partition (the replum). Siliques are present in many members of the mustard family, Brassicaceae, but some species have silicles instead. Some species closely related to plants with true siliques have fruits with a similar structure that do not open when ripe; these are usually called indehiscent siliques (compare dehiscence).

Silicles of Lunaria annua – MHNT

Capsella bursa-pastoris with silicles

Indehiscent siliques of radish Raphanus sativus

Silique with seeds of Cardamine occulta

Siliques of the broccoli plant.
Paz Echeverría
Paz Echeverría (born 7 May 1985) is a Chilean professional golfer.

She is only the second golfer from Chile to have a tour card on the LPGA Tour after Nicole Perrot.

For the 2016 season, she is playing on the second-tier Symetra Tour since she only earned conditional status on the LPGA Tour and hopes to earn enough world ranking points to qualify for the 2016 Olympics.

Golf at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Golf at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was held in August at the new Olympic Golf Course (Portuguese: Campo Olímpico de Golfe), built within the Reserva de Marapendi in the Barra da Tijuca zone.

The 2016 Summer Olympics was the first time golf had been played at the Olympics since the 1904 Summer Olympics and featured two events: the men's and women's individual events.
Boggs Mountain Demonstration State Forest
Boggs Mountain Demonstration State Forest is a state forest in Lake County, California that covers the northwest of Boggs Mountain.
It was founded in 1949, and came into operation in 1950 when most of the site had been clear cut.
The purpose was to demonstrate good practices in restoring and managing a forest.
The state forest was open for recreational use, including camping, hiking, mountain biking etc.
The 2015 Valley Fire destroyed 80% of the trees.
The state forest as of 2021 was replanting saplings.

Arbutus
Arbutus is a genus of 12 accepted species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae, native to temperate regions of the Mediterranean, western Europe, the Canary Islands and North America, and commonly called madrones, madronas, or strawberry trees. The name Arbutus was taken by taxonomists from Latin, where it referred to the species now designated Arbutus unedo.
2000 Superettan
The 2000 Superettan was part of the 2000 Swedish football season, and the first season of Superettan, Sweden's second-tier football division in its current format. A total of 16 teams contested the league.

Superettan
Superettan (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsʉ̂ːpɛrˌɛtːan]; lit. 'the Super First (Division)') is an association football league and the second highest league in the league system of Swedish men's football. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Allsvenskan and Division 1. Seasons run from April to October, with teams playing 30 matches each, totalling 240 matches in the season.

The league was created in 2000. The second tier of Swedish football had previously consisted of a varying number of regionalized leagues operating under the Division 2 (1924–1986) and Division 1 (1987–1999) names.