hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stephen Snobelen
Stephen Snobelen is a professor of the history of science and technology at the University of King's College in Halifax, Nova Scotia. His current teaching and research interests are History of science (Early Modern and nineteenth century);  Isaac Newton and Newton's theological writings and prophetic writings, Science and religion; The popularization of science; Radical theology in the Early Modern period; and Millenarianism.

He was featured in a BBC documentary on this subject matter, titled Newton: The Dark Heretic. Snobelen is a founding member of the Newton Project, UK and director of the Newton Project, Canada.

In 2002, Snobelen was awarded the John Templeton Foundation Science and Religion Course Award for his two courses at University of King's College, Science and Religion: Historical Perspectives and Science and Religion: Contemporary Perspectives.

History of science and technology
The history of science and technology (HST) is a field of history that examines the development of the understanding of the natural world (science) and humans' ability to manipulate it (technology) at different points in time. This academic discipline also examines the cultural, economic, and political context and impacts of scientific practices; it likewise may study the consequences of new technologies on existing scientific fields.
Putka (Junín)
Putka (Jauja Quechua for "muddy", also spelled Putca) is a mountain in the Paryaqaqa mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,300 metres (17,388 ft) high. It is located in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, in the districts of Suitucancha and Yauli, north of Qarwachuku.

The largest lake south of Putka is named Putkaqucha (Quechua for "muddy lake", also spelled Putcacocha). One of the small lakes southeast of Putka is named Putkaqucha, too. It lies at 11°50′28″S 76°01′45″W﻿ / ﻿11.84111°S 76.02917°W﻿ / -11.84111; -76.02917.

Department of Junín
Junín (Spanish pronunciation: [xuˈnin]; Quechua: Sunin) is a department of Peru. It is located in the central highlands and westernmost Peruvian Amazon. It is governed by a regional government. Its capital is Huancayo.
Keno City Mining Museum
Keno City Mining Museum is a history museum located in Keno City, Yukon, Canada. It was established around 1979 and has artifacts related to the area's gold and silver mining.

The museum occupies Jackson Hall, the city's former community centre built in 1922.
It was established in 1979 with the assistance of Terry J. Levicki, a geologist who worked for United Keno Hill Mines Ltd., a company in Elsa.

The museum is open to visitors from June to September. Around 1991, the museum received roughly 500 visitors each month during its annual four months of operation.

Keno City
Keno City is a small community in Yukon, Canada at the end of the Silver Trail highway. Keno City was the site of a former silver-lead mining area proximal to Keno Hill. Keno City is 13 kilometres away from Elsa, Yukon, which is owned by Hecla mining who currently own and operate the various Ag-Pb-Zn deposits in the Keno Hill area.  Rich silver and lead ore deposits were found on Keno Hill in 1919, and since then the population of the community has fluctuated in response to the mining activity in the area. When in 1989 United Keno Hill closed the mines, literally overnight, the people in the Keno area who decided to stay chose a more sustainable economy: tourism. They successfully marketed Keno City as a quiet, tranquil community.
Hexclad Cookware
HexClad (also known as Hexlcad Cookware) is an American cookware manufacturer based in Los Angeles, California. The company operates a direct-to-consumer business model and has an equity partnership with chef Gordon Ramsay. HexClad manufactures hybrid cookware, kitchenware, cutlery, cutting boards, aprons, and tools distributed across the US, Canada, UK, EU, Australia, Mexico and Japan.

Direct-to-consumer
Direct-to-consumer (DTC or D2C) is a modern variation of the business-to-consumer (B2C) business model. The DTC is a business model of selling products directly to customers and thereby bypassing any third-party retailers, wholesalers, or intermediaries. Direct-to-consumer sales are usually transacted online, but direct-to-consumer brands may also operate physical retail spaces as a complement to their main e-commerce platform in a clicks-and-mortar business model. In the year 2021, direct-to-consumer e-commerce sales in the United States were over $128 billion. Examples of DTC brands currently in business include: Allbirds, Away, Dollar Shave Club, Everlane, Glossier, and Warby Parker.
Opsariichthys chengtui
Zacco chengtui or Chengdu chub is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Xenocyprididae, the East Asian minnows or sharpbellies. It inhabits Chengtu, Sichuan Province, China. It was described as Zacco chengtui in 1934 by Shigeru Kimura.

Xenocyprididae
Xenocyprididae is a family of freshwater ray-finned fishes, commonly called the East Asian minnows or sharpbellies. They have a natural distribution in Asia. This taxon, sometimes spelt Xenocypridae, was previously regarded to be a subfamily, Xenocyprinae, of the family Cyprinidae. Cyprinidae sensu lato is now divided into a number of smaller families within the suborder Cyprinoidei, in the order Cypriniformes.
The Detective (2007 film)
The Detective is a 2007 Hong Kong neo-noir mystery thriller film directed by Oxide Pang, and starring Aaron Kwok as a private investigator hired to track down a missing young woman who may be linked to a series of murders in Thailand. The film was followed by a sequel, The Detective 2, which was released in 2011.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
Blydell Martin
Blydell Martin was born in Gardena, California and raised in Kansas City, Missouri. He was the winner of the 2010 National Radio Talent contest  hosted by KPRS Hot 103 Jamz in Kansas City and has since toured with artists such as Nelly, Fat Joe, and Lil Jon. Since the release of his second album, 20-N-2 The Mix Tape (in which 20 songs were written and recorded in two weeks), he has worked full time for Title Boxing and instructs boxing classes in Olathe, Kansas.  He was the Golden Gloves champion in 2001, a Golden Gloves finalist in 2004 and won the Missouri State Heavyweight championship in 2002.

KPRS
KPRS (103.3 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Kansas City, Missouri, owned by the Carter Broadcast Group.  It airs an urban contemporary radio format, including hip-hop, R&B and Sunday morning urban gospel music.  According to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), it has been continually owned by an African American family longer than any other radio station.  The studios and offices are on Colorado Avenue, near Interstate 49 in South Kansas City.

KPRS has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most American FM stations.  The transmitter is on East 63rd Street near Interstate 435 in South Kansas City.  KPRS broadcasts using HD Radio technology.  Urban oldies music is heard on its HD2 subchannel, which feeds 250-watt FM translator K295CH at 106.9 MHz.
JMSDF Yokosuka Naval Base
The Yokosuka Naval Base (Japanese: 横須賀基地, Hepburn: Yokosuka Kichi), also simply known as the JMSDF Yokosuka Naval Base, is a group of ports and land facilities of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF), which are scattered in multiple districts of Yokosuka City, Kanagawa Prefecture, and where the Yokosuka District Force, etc. are located. It is not officially called a base, but it is used as a common name. The base sits alongside the United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka.

It has a facility where people can train with Japan's technology to create water pressure in the deep sea (water depth 450 meters). Not only allied countries such as the United States, Thailand, and Vietnam, but also the navy of hypothetical enemy countries such as Russia are visiting.

Military base
A military base is a facility directly owned and operated by or for the military or one of its branches that shelters military equipment and personnel, and facilitates training and operations. A military base always provides accommodations for one or more units, but it may also be used as a command center, training ground or proving ground. In most cases, military bases rely on outside help to operate. However, certain complex bases are able to endure on their own for long periods because they are able to provide food, drinking water, and other necessities for their inhabitants while under siege. Bases for military aviation are called air bases. Bases for military ships are called naval bases.
Zdeněk Douša
Zdeněk Douša (5 March 1947 – 3 November 2023) was a Czech basketball player. He was voted to the Czechoslovak 20th Century Team in 2001.

With the senior Czechoslovak national team, Douša competed in the men's tournament at the 1972 Summer Olympics, the 1976 Summer Olympics, and the 1980 Summer Olympics. With Czechoslovakia, he also won the bronze medal at the 1977 EuroBasket.

Douša died on 3 November 2023, at the age of 76.

Basketball at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Basketball contests at the 1972 Summer Olympics was the eighth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It took place at Rudi-Sedlmayer-Halle in Munich, Germany from August 27 to September 9. The Soviet Union controversially won the gold medal game against the United States. This was the first time that the United States did not win a gold medal since the sport's introduction into the Olympics at the 1936 Berlin Summer Games. The bronze was won by Cuba, the only Olympic medal they have won in basketball. Another controversy was suspension of Mickey Coll after a positive drug test.
Laura Aller
Laura Christiane Aller née Bierring (1849–1917) was a Danish business woman and a pioneering magazine publisher. She first helped her husband Carl Aller to develop his photolithographic method of image production to establish a magazine containing recipes in 1874. The beautifully illustrated Illustreret Familie-Journal published from 1877 proved to be a huge success. Laura Aller not only had a flair for business, she understood exactly what people wanted to read. As editor-in-chief, she translated articles from the foreign press and added her own stories and poetry. After colour was added in 1895, sales increased dramatically and production was moved to larger premises on Vigerslev Allé in Valby. Aller Media, now based on Havneholmen in Copenhagen's South Harbour, is still run by the Aller family.

Vigerslev Allé
Vigerslev Allé is a major artery in the Valby district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Enghavevej in the northeast to Hvidovrevej in Hvidovre in the southwest. The first part of the street runs east–west, following the south side of the main railway line through Copenhagen on its way to Toftegårds Plads, the largest square in Valby. It later passes under the S-train network's Ring Line at Vigerslev Allé station before continuing southwest to the Ring 2 ring road just before entering Hvidovre Municipality at Harrestrup Å in Vigerslevparken.
Newport East (UK Parliament constituency)
Newport East (Welsh: Dwyrain Casnewydd) is a constituency in the city of Newport, South Wales, represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2005 by Jessica Morden of the Labour Party.

The constituency retained its name but its boundaries were substantially altered, as part of the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies under the June 2023 final recommendations of the Boundary Commission for Wales for the 2024 general election.

Boundary commissions (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, the boundary commissions are non-departmental public bodies responsible for determining the boundaries of parliamentary constituencies for elections to the House of Commons. There are four boundary commissions: one each for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Each commission comprises four members, three of whom take part in meetings. The speaker of the House of Commons chairs each of the boundary commissions ex officio but does not play any part in the review, and a High Court judge is appointed to each boundary commission as deputy chair.
Bank Muamalat Malaysia
Bank Muamalat Malaysia Berhad (Jawi: بڠك معاملة مليسيا‎) started its operations on 1 October 1999 with a combined assets and liabilities brought over from the Islamic banking windows of the then Bank Bumiputra Malaysia Berhad, Bank of Commerce (M) Berhad and BBMB Kewangan.

Bank Muamalat Malaysia Berhad, the second full-fledged Islamic bank to be established in Malaysia after Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad, is poised to play its role in providing Islamic banking products and services to Malaysians, without regard to race or religious beliefs. The bank was based on a profit sharing model and its products weren't linked to the Bank Indonesia discount rate, thus surviving to the 1997 Asian financial crisis which increased the mean interest rate of the other Indonesian banks.

DRB-HICOM holds 70% shares in the Bank while Khazanah Nasional Berhad holds the remaining shares.

Shares outstanding
Shares outstanding are all the shares of a corporation that have been authorized, issued and purchased by investors and are held by them. They are distinguished from treasury shares, which are shares held by the corporation itself, thus representing no exercisable rights. Shares outstanding and treasury shares together amount to the number of issued shares.

Shares outstanding can be calculated as either basic or fully diluted. The basic count is the current number of shares. Dividend distributions and voting in the general meeting of shareholders are calculated according to this number. The fully diluted shares outstanding count, on the other hand, includes diluting securities, such as warrants, capital notes or convertibles. If the company has any diluting securities, this indicates the potential future increased number of shares outstanding.
Eğrigöz
Eğrigöz is a village in Emet District of Kütahya Province, Turkey. As of 2022, its population is 172. Eğrigöz is known for its old fortress, which is on a hill just east of the village. It was also a district capital under Ottoman rule in the early modern period.

Kütahya Province
Kütahya Province (Turkish: Kütahya ili) is a province in the Aegean region of Turkey. Its area is 11,634 km2, and its population is 580,701 (2022). In 1990, Kütahya had a population of 578,000.

The neighboring provinces are Bursa to the northwest, Bilecik to the northeast, Eskişehir to the east, Afyon to the southeast, Usak to the south, Manisa to the southwest and Balıkesir to the west.

The capital city of the province is Kütahya.
Stigmella divina
Stigmella divina is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is only known from the western part of Kopet Dag mountains in Turkmenistan and the Central Anatolia and the Sivas Province in Turkey.

Adults are on wing from late June to August.

Kopet Dag
The Köpet Dag (Turkmen: Köpetdag [ˌkœpɛtˈdɑːʁ]; Persian: کپه‌داغ), also known as the Turkmen–Khorasan Mountain Range, is a mountain range on the border between Turkmenistan and Iran that extends about 650 kilometres (400 mi) along the border southeast of the Caspian Sea, stretching northwest-southeast from near the Caspian Sea in the northwest to the Hari River in the southeast. In the southwest it borders on the parallel eastern endings of the Alborz mountains being together part of the much larger Alpide belt. The highest peak of the range in Turkmenistan is the Mount Rizeh (Kuh-e Rizeh), located at the southwest of the capital Ashgabat and stands at 2,940 metres (9,646 ft). The highest Iranian summit is Mount Quchan (Kuh-e Quchan) at 3,191 metres (10,469 ft).
Geneveve Casugod
Geneveve Casugod (born January 12, 1991) is a Filipino professional volleyball player who currently plays for the Cignal HD Spikers on the Premier Volleyball League. She was a former member of the collegiate varsity volleyball team of the Far Eastern University in its indoor games.  She is a former member of the Philippines women's national volleyball team.

Philippines women's national volleyball team
The Philippines women's national volleyball team represents the Philippines in international volleyball competitions and friendly matches, governed by the Philippine National Volleyball Federation since 2021.

Philippines' highest achievement was qualifying for and competing at the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship in the 1974 edition, where they finished at 18th place.
Gongju National Museum
Gongju National Museum (Korean: 국립공주박물관) is a national museum in Gongju, South Korea. The Gongju National Museum holds 10,000 artifacts including 19 national treasures and 3 treasures excavated in Daejeon and Chungcheongnam-do areas, especially artifacts from Tomb of King Muryeong.

National Treasure (South Korea)
National Treasure (Korean: 국보) is a national-level designation within the heritage preservation system of South Korea for tangible objects of significant artistic, cultural, and historical value. Examples of objects include art, artifacts, sites, or buildings. It is administered by the Korea Heritage Service (KHS). Additions to the list are decided by the Cultural Heritage Committee.

Many of the registered items are popular tourist attractions for South Korea. Examples include Jongmyo, Bulguksa, Seokguram, and the Tripitaka Koreana at Haeinsa. As of December 2020, there are 348 distinct entries on the list, some composed of a large number of sub-entries. The treasures are numbered according to the order in which they were designated, not according to their individual value.
Pterocheilus
Pterocheilus is an essentially holarctic genus of potter wasps with a fairly rich diversity in North America and a single Afrotropical species Pterocheilus eurystomus Kohl 1906 known from Socotra. They are usually rather large wasps characterized by reduced tegulae and prominently pilose labial palpi.

Holarctic realm
The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical region (which covers most of North America), and Alfred Wallace's Palearctic zoogeographical region (which covers  North Africa, and all of Eurasia except for  Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and the southern Arabian Peninsula).

These  regions are further subdivided into a variety of ecoregions. Many ecosystems and the animal and plant communities that depend on them extend across a number of continents and cover large portions of the Holarctic realm. This continuity is the result of those regions’ shared glacial history.
Drew Wild
Drew Wild (born 14 July 2000 in New Zealand) is a New Zealand rugby union player who plays for the Manawatu Turbos in the National Provincial Championship. His playing position is fullback.

After switching to rugby from soccer football, Wild became the Feilding High School first XV captain and was signed to the Manawatu rugby academy. He has played for the Feilding Yellows in the Manawatu club competition. He made his Manawatu debut in August 2019 against Taranaki.

In 2021 he played for the New Zealand Barbarians team against the New Zealand Heartland XV.

In 2022 Wild commenced playing in the Major League Rugby for the Houston Sabercats.

Wild brought up his 50th game for the Manawatu Turbos in 2025 and starred in a win over Wellington.

Major League Rugby
Major League Rugby (MLR) is a professional rugby union competition in the United States. The league comprises 6 teams. While operating outside of the governance and oversight of the national governing body, the league is officially sanctioned by USA Rugby—a member union of Rugby Americas North (RAN)—and is consequently part of World Rugby.

MLR was founded in 2017 and is headquartered in Dallas, Texas. The league began its first season in 2018 with seven teams. MLR has since expanded, reaching an all-time high of thirteen teams in the 2022 season, including one team in Canada. Twelve teams competed in the 2024 season.

In 2020, Major League Rugby implemented its first collegiate MLR Draft in 2020 and its teams began forming youth academies.
Outline of free software
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to free software and the free software movement:

Free software – software which can be run, studied, examined, modified, and redistributed freely (without any cost). This type of software, which was given its name in 1983, has also come to be known as "open-source software", "software libre",  "FOSS", and "FLOSS". The term "Free" refers to it being unfettered, rather than being free of charge.

Execution (computing)
In computing, execution is the process by which a computer program is processed to perform the actions that it encodes. As the processor follows the program instructions, effects are produced in accordance with the semantics of those instructions. The term run is generally synonymous. The act of starting execution is often called launching or invoking in addition to executing and running.

An execution processor comes in many forms. A machine code program may be executed via the programmable interface of a computer where execution involves repeatedly following a fetch–decode–execute cycle for each program instruction executed by the control unit. Source code may be executed by interpreter software. A program may be executed in a batch process without human interaction or a user may type commands in an interactive session.
Krasnaya, Arkhangelsk Oblast
Krasnaya (Russian: Красная) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Gorkovskoye Rural Settlement of Verkhnetoyemsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 504 as of 2010.

Verkhnetoyemsky District
Verkhnetoyemsky District (Russian: Верхнето́емский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Verkhnetoyemsky Municipal District. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Pinezhsky District in the north, Udorsky District of the Komi Republic in the east, Krasnoborsky and Ustyansky Districts in the south, Shenkursky District in the west, and with Vinogradovsky District in the northwest. Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Verkhnyaya Toyma. District's population:  17,060 (2010 Census); 22,630 (2002 Census); 27,989 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Verkhnyaya Toyma accounts for 20.3% of the district's total population.