hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ryszard Białous
Scouting portal

Ryszard Białous codename: Jerzy (b. 4 April 1914 in Warsaw - 24 March 1992 in Neuquén, Argentina) was a Polish scoutmaster (harcmistrz) captain of the AK-Szare Szeregi. Commander of the Batalion Zośka before and during the Warsaw Uprising. He was also known under the noms de guerre   "Zygmunt" and "Taran".

Grey Ranks
Grey Ranks (Polish: Szare Szeregi) was a codename for the underground paramilitary Polish Scouting Association (Związek Harcerstwa Polskiego) during World War II.

The wartime organisation was created on 27 September 1939, actively resisted and fought German occupation in Warsaw until 18 January 1945, and contributed to the resistance operations of the Polish Underground State. Some of its members (Grupy Szturmowe – Assault Groups) were among the Home Army's best-trained troops.

Though formally independent, the Grey Ranks worked closely with the Government Delegation for Poland and Home Army Headquarters. The Grey Ranks had their own headquarters known under the cryptonym Pasieka (bee yard) staffed by the Chief Scout of Grey Ranks plus three to five deputies in the rank of Harcmistrz (Scoutmaster).
Enzyme Records
Enzyme Records is a Netherlands-based hardcore record label. Founded in 2001 by Patrick van Kerckhoven as a continuation of Kerckhoven's previous labels, Gangsta Audiovisuals and Supreme Intelligence Records, to 'restart' his labels and continue in a new style of hardcore without being drowned in pointless criticism". All artists that were on the Gangsta Audiovisuals and Supreme Intelligence roster also moved to Enzyme. Releases on Enzyme have been described as gabber, darkcore and industrial hardcore among other genre names.

2001 in music
This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 2001.

3.2 billion units were sold with a value of US$33.7 billion. DVD-Audio and Super Audio CD first rose to prominence in 2001, with approximately 600 titles available in these formats. Portable music grew in popularity after Apple Inc. released the iTunes media library on January 9 and the first iPod music player device on October 23. Worldwide, the best-selling albums were Hybrid Theory (2000) by Linkin Park, No Angel (1999) by Dido, and Survivor (2001) by Destiny's Child. The best-selling non-English album was Cieli di Toscana (transl. Tuscan Skies; 2001) by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, which topped the charts in the Netherlands and Sweden and was the 23rd best-selling album globally.
Ki-tae
Ki-tae, also spelled Ki-tai, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Kim Ki-tae (rower) (born 1952), North Korean rower

Bae Ki-tae  (born 1965), South Korean speed skater

Huh Ki-tae (born 1967), South Korean footballer

Kim Ki-tai (born 1969), South Korean baseball player

Kim Ki-tai
Kim Ki-tai (Korean: 김기태; Hanja: 金杞泰; born May 23, 1969) is a former South Korean baseball player who played for the Ssangbangwool Raiders, Samsung Lions and SK Wyverns and is a former manager of Kia Tigers in the KBO League. He is generally considered as the KBO's best-ever designated hitter.
Gangwon dialect
The Gangwon dialect (Korean: 강원 방언) is spoken in South Korea's Gangwon Province and in North Korea's Kangwŏn Province. Although they are large provinces by area, relatively few people lived in the Gangwon Province. As a result, people living in the western side of Gangwon (Yeongseo) did not develop a highly distinctive dialect. However, the part of Gangwon that stretches along the eastern coast of Korea's Yeongdong region did develop a distinctive dialect. This is because the Taebaek Mountains bisect the Gangwon Province, and the people living eastern Gangwon were therefore isolated.

Distinguishing features of the Gangwon dialect:

ㅆ (ss) is pronounced as ㅅ (s).

The standard 아 (ah) sound is changed to 어 (eo) at the end of sentences.

Questions may end in 나 (na), -노 (no), -고 (go), -가 (ga).

Yeongseo
Yeongseo (Korean pronunciation: [jʌŋ.sʌ], Korean pronunciation: [ɾjɔŋ.sɔ]) is the western, inland region of Gangwon Province, South Korea and Kangwon Province, North Korea.  It is divided from the coastal Yeongdong region by the Taebaek Mountains.  The name yeongseo reflects this distinction; it literally means “west of the passes”.  The region is marked by high plateaus and mountains, with deep valleys.  The Han and Nakdong Rivers both have their headwaters in this region.  Agriculture in Yeongseo was traditionally carried out by slash-and-burn methods, but in modern times this has largely been replaced by other techniques, including high-altitude shiitake farming.
Fdisk
fdisk is a command-line utility for disk partitioning. It has been part of DOS, DR FlexOS, IBM OS/2, and early versions of Microsoft Windows, as well as certain ports of FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFly BSD and macOS for compatibility reasons. Windows 2000 and its successors have replaced fdisk with a more advanced tool called diskpart.

DOS
DOS (/dɒs/, /dɔːs/) is a family of disk-based operating systems for IBM PC compatible computers. It primarily consists of IBM PC DOS and a rebranded version, Microsoft's MS-DOS, both of which were introduced in 1981. Later, compatible systems from other manufacturers are DR-DOS (1988), ROM-DOS (1989), PTS-DOS (1993), and FreeDOS (1994). MS-DOS dominated the IBM PC compatible market between 1981 and 1995.

Although the name has come to be identified specifically with MS-DOS and compatible operating systems, DOS is a platform-independent acronym for disk operating system, whose use predates the IBM PC. Dozens of other operating systems also use the acronym, beginning with the mainframe DOS/360 from 1966. Others include Apple DOS, Apple ProDOS, Atari DOS, Commodore DOS, TRSDOS, and AmigaDOS.
2006 Gerry Weber Open
The 2006 Gerry Weber Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 14th edition of the Gerry Weber Open, and was part of the International Series of the 2006 ATP Tour. It took place at the Gerry Weber Stadion in Halle, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, from 12 June until 18 June 2006.

The singles field was led by World No. 1, Australian Open champion, French Open runner-up, and 2003, 2004 and 2005 Halle winner Roger Federer, Australian Open semifinalist Nicolas Kiefer, and Auckland titlist Jarkko Nieminen. Also present were Australian Open runner-up Marcos Baghdatis, Adelaide semifinalist Tomáš Berdych, Tommy Haas, Christophe Rochus and Kristof Vliegen.

First-seeded Roger Federer won his fourth consecutive singles title at the event.

OWL Arena
OWL Arena, formerly Gerry Weber Stadion, is a multi-purpose stadium, located in Halle, North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany. The capacity of the arena is 12,300 people and it opened in 1993.

In early 2020, a consortium of 13 sponsors became owner of the venue and its name was changed to OWL Arena.
2017 Milex Open – Doubles
Ariel Behar and Giovanni Lapentti were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Juan Ignacio Londero and Luis David Martínez won the title after defeating Daniel Elahi Galán and Santiago Giraldo 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Ariel Behar
Ariel Behar (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾjel βeˈaɾ]; born November 12, 1989) is a Uruguayan professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 34 achieved on 6 May 2024. He has won three ATP Tour doubles titles, all of them with Ecuadorian Gonzalo Escobar.

Behar represents Uruguay at the Davis Cup since 2009.
1891 United States Senate election in New York
The 1891 United States Senate election in New York was held on January 20 and 21, 1891, by the New York State Legislature to elect a U.S. Senator (Class 3), to represent the State of New York in the United States Senate.

William M. Evarts
William Maxwell Evarts (February 6, 1818 – February 28, 1901) was an American lawyer and statesman from New York who served as U.S. Secretary of State, U.S. Attorney General and U.S. Senator from New York.  He was renowned for his skills as a litigator and was involved in three of the most important causes of American political jurisprudence in his day: the impeachment of a president, the Geneva arbitration and the contests before the electoral commission to settle the presidential election of 1876.

During the presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes, the reform-minded Evarts was an active member among the "Half-Breed" faction of the Republican Party, which emphasized support for civil service reform, bolstering opposition towards conservative "Stalwarts" who defended the spoils system and advocated on behalf of Southern blacks.
Heck Field
Heck Field, also known as Jacobs Well Airfield (IATA: YHEC) is a small airfield in Norwell, on the northern outskirts of the City of Gold Coast, in Queensland. The privately owned and operated facility serves as a base for the Gold Coast Sports Flying Club and provides facilities for flight training and recreational aviation.

City of Gold Coast
The City of Gold Coast is the local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. It is on the central eastern coast of Australia adjoining the Pacific Ocean. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local government area in the state of Queensland (Brisbane being the largest). Its council maintains a staff of over 2,500. The council was established in 1948, and has existed in its present form since 2008. The City of Gold Coast borders New South Wales and Tweed Shire to the south, Scenic Rim to the west, and Logan and Redland to the northwest and north, respectively.
Basipodellidae
Basipodellidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the class Tantulocarida.

Genera:

Basipodella Becker, 1975

Hypertantulus Ohtsuka & Boxshall, 1998

Nipponotantulus Huys, Ohtsuka & Boxshall, 1994

Polynyapodella Huys, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 1997

Rimitantulus Huys & Conroy-Dalton, 1997

Serratotantulus Savchenko & Kolbasov, 2009

Stygotantulus Boxshall & Huys, 1989

Stygotantulus
Stygotantulus is a genus of crustacean with the sole species Stygotantulus stocki. It lives as an ectoparasite on harpacticoid copepods of the families Tisbidae and Canuellidae. It may be the smallest arthropod in the world, at a length of less than 0.1 millimetres (0.004 in). The specific name stocki commemorates Jan Hendrik Stock, a Dutch carcinologist.
Reed C. Rollins
Reed Clark Rollins (7 December 1911 – 28 April 1998) was an American botanist, professor at Harvard University and one of the founders of both the International Association for Plant Taxonomy and the Organization for Tropical Studies. He was also the second president of each of them.

International Association for Plant Taxonomy
The International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) is an organization established to promote an understanding of plant biodiversity, facilitate international communication of research between botanists, and oversee matters of uniformity and stability in plant names. 
The IAPT was founded on July 18, 1950, at the Seventh International Botanical Congress in Stockholm, Sweden. 
The IAPT headquarters is located in Bratislava, Slovakia. 
Its president, since 2023, is Lúcia G. Lohmann of the Universidade de São Paulo; vice-president is Fabián Michelangeli of the New York Botanical Garden; and secretary-general is Mauricio Bonifacino of the Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Both the taxonomic journal Taxon and the series Regnum Vegetabile are published by the IAPT. The latter series includes the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, Index Nominum Genericorum, and Index Herbariorum.
Ion Crăciunescu
Ion Crăciunescu (born 27 September 1950) is a Romanian former football referee and player. Born in Craiova, he comes from the town of Râmnicu Vâlcea. Crăciunescu was a footballer at Chimia Râmnicu Vâlcea and Universitatea Craiova until he retired in 1975, choosing to start a new career as a referee. He became an international referee in 1984. Although he never refereed at a World Cup or European Championship finals, he was selected as one of five referees for the 1995 King Fahd Cup (later known as the FIFA Confederations Cup). He is best known for officiating the 1995 UEFA Champions League Final between Ajax and Milan. He retired as a professional later that year. From 2003 to 2005, he was the president of the Romanian Referees Committee. His son, Theodor Crăciunescu was also a football referee.

FIFA Confederations Cup
The FIFA Confederations Cup was an international association football tournament for men's national teams, held every four years by FIFA. It was contested by the holders of each of the six continental championships (AFC, CAF, CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, OFC, and UEFA), along with the current FIFA World Cup holder and the host nation, to bring the number of teams up to eight.

Between 2001 and 2017 (with an exception in 2003), the tournament was held in the country that would host the World Cup the following year, acting as a test event for the larger tournament.

The last champions were Germany, who won the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup by defeating Chile 1–0 in the final to win their first title.

In March 2019, FIFA confirmed that the tournament would no longer be staged, with its slot replaced by an expansion of the FIFA Club World Cup, as well as the 2021 FIFA Arab Cup, as a prelude to the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
Free Fire World Series
The Free Fire World Series (FFWS) is the annual professional Free Fire world championship tournament hosted by Garena. Teams compete for a total prize pool of US$2 million. The 2021 edition of the event became world's most watched esports event by peak live viewer count at the time.

2024 Esports World Cup – Free Fire
The Multiplayer online battle royale video game Garena Free Fire had a tournament at the 2024 Esports World Cup. It was held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; from July 10 to 15, 2024, and eighteen teams took part in this tournament.
Natalia Khoudgarian
Natalia Khoudgarian (born 1973) is a Russian-born Canadian chess player. She was awarded the title of Woman International Master (WIM) by FIDE in 1996.

Khoudgarian won the Canadian women's championship four times: in 2006, 2007, 2011, 2012. She competed in the Women's World Championship in 2006, 2008 and 2012. 
She has played on the Canadian team at the Women's Chess Olympiad in 1996, 2006, 2008, 2012 and 2014.

Khoudgarian is of Armenian descent.

Women's World Chess Championship 2006
The Women's World Chess Championship 2006 took place from March 10–27, 2006 in Ekaterinburg, Russia. For the fourth time, the championship took the form of a 64-player knock-out tournament.

The tournament was won by Xu Yuhua, who beat Alisa Galliamova in the final by 2½ to ½. Notably, Xu Yuhua was three months pregnant at the time.
Baba Marta Beach
Baba Marta Beach (Bulgarian: бряг Баба Марта, romanized: bryag Baba Marta, IPA: [ˈbrʲag ˈbabɐ ˈmartɐ]) is the ice-free beach on the south coast of Nelson Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, extending 1.8 km eastwards from Ross Point. Its surface area is 43 ha. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

The beach is named after the Bulgarian mythical figure Baba (Grandma) Marta associated with winter, in relation to working in the harsh Antarctic environment.

Ross Point
Ross Point (62°20′54″S 59°07′09″W﻿ / ﻿62.34831°S 59.11917°W﻿ / -62.34831; -59.11917) is a point forming the southeast side of the entrance to Varvara Cove on the southwest side of Nelson Island in the South Shetland Islands, situated 7.85 km southeast of Harmony Point. The point was charted by DI personnel on the Discovery II in 1935.
Grupo Exterminador
Grupo Exterminador, (formerly known as Los Hermanos Corona in 1991–1992) is a Mexican norteño band. Though known for performing various song styles such as rancheras, cumbias, and ballads, they are especially famous for their brash narcocorridos.

Narcocorrido
A narcocorrido (Spanish pronunciation: [naɾkokoˈriðo], "narco-corrido" or drug ballad) is a subgenre of the regional Mexican corrido (narrative ballad) genre, from which several other genres have evolved. This type of music is heard and produced on both sides of the Mexico–US border. It uses a danceable, polka, waltz or mazurka rhythmic base. The lyrics tend to speak approvingly of illegal activities, mainly drug trafficking.

The first corridos that focus on drug smugglers—the narco comes from "narcotics"—have been dated by Juan Ramírez-Pimienta to the 1930s. Early corridos (non-narco) go back as far as the Mexican Revolution of 1910, telling the stories of revolutionary fighters. Music critics have also compared narcocorrido lyrics and style to gangster rap and mafioso rap.

Narcocorrido lyrics refer to particular events and include real dates and places.
1991–92 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team
The 1991–92 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles in the 1991–92 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Jim Harrick coached his fourth year for the Bruins. The Bruins started the season ranked 11th in the AP Poll and beat the #2 Indiana Hoosiers, 87–72, in their season opener at the Hall of Fame Tip-Off Classic (Springfield, Massachusetts). This UCLA squad won their first 14 games, which was their best start since John Wooden's 1972–73 team. For the first time since the 1986–87 season, the Bruins were Pac-10 conference champions with a 16–2 conference record (there was no Pac-10 tournament that year). The Bruins were given a #1 seed in the NCAA Tournament that year, but lost to Indiana in the Elite Eight, 106–79. UCLA finished ranked 3rd and 4th in the UPI and AP Polls respectively.

1991–92 Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team
The 1991–92 Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team represented Indiana University. Their head coach was Bobby Knight, who was in his 21st year. The team played its home games in Assembly Hall in Bloomington, Indiana, and was a member of the Big Ten Conference.

The Hoosiers finished the regular season with an overall record of 27–7 and a conference record of 14–4, finishing 2nd in the Big Ten Conference. The Hoosiers were invited to participate in the 1992 NCAA tournament as a #2 seed, where they advanced to the Final Four.
Karnes (surname)
Karnes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dave Karnes (born 1958), American marine, rescuer of several survivors of the September 11, 2001 attacks

David Karnes (1948–2020), American politician

Don Karnes (1902–1982), 1920s American football coach

Henry Karnes (1812–1840), American soldier and Texas Ranger

James Ernest Karnes (1889–1966), American World War I soldier

Jay Karnes (born 1963), American actor

Joshua Karnes (born 2004), American gymnast

Karen Karnes (1925–2016), American potter

Robert Karnes (1917–1979), American film, stage and television actor

Don Karnes
Thomas Donald Karnes (September 28, 1902 – April 23, 1982) was an American football and basketball coach.  He was the tenth head football coach at Illinois State Normal University—now known as Illinois State University—in Normal, Illinois, serving for two seasons, from 1925 to 1926, and compiling a record of 5–10.
  Karnes was also the head basketball coach at Illinois State from 1925 to 1927, tallying a mark of 9–20.

In 1955, he immigrated to Brazil.
Erie Plating Company
Erie Plating Company, named for its location in Erie, Pennsylvania, specializes in applied electrochemical and mechanical metal finishing to ferrous and nonferrous metals, as well as chromate conversion and anodizing finishes on aluminum. The company is ISO 9000 certified for aerospace, military, and industrial metal finishing engineering and quality systems.

Chromate conversion coating
Chromate conversion coating or alodine coating is a type of conversion coating used to passivate steel, aluminium, zinc, cadmium, copper, silver, titanium, magnesium, and tin alloys.: p.1265    The coating serves as a corrosion inhibitor, as a primer to improve the adherence of paints and adhesives, as a decorative finish, or to preserve electrical conductivity. It also provides some resistance to abrasion and light chemical attack (such as dirty fingers) on soft metals.

Chromate conversion coatings are commonly applied to items such as screws, hardware and tools. They usually impart a distinctively iridescent, greenish-yellow color to otherwise white or gray metals.  The coating has a complex composition including chromium salts, and a complex structure.

The process is sometimes called alodine coating, a term used specifically in reference to the trademarked Alodine process of Henkel Surface Technologies.
Willeya diffractella
Willeya diffractella is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. This lichen forms thin, crusty patches on rocks that break into small polygonal pieces, ranging in color from yellowish to olive or brown. It is found throughout eastern North America, from New England south to Alabama and west to Minnesota, growing on both limestone and non-limestone rocks. The species has had a complex naming history, being moved between different genera multiple times as scientists better understood its relationships to other lichens.

Ostiole
An ostiole is a small hole or opening through which algae or fungi release their mature spores.

The word is a  diminutive of "ostium", "opening".

The term is also used in higher plants, for example to denote the opening of the involuted  syconium (fig inflorescence) through which fig wasps enter to pollinate and breed.
The species pharamacosycea have an arrangement  interlocking pattern but there is an exception because of insipdia because it is partly cover the ostiole. On the adaxial side of the bracts is made out of cubic cells, that has a staining reactions and contain phenolic compounds.

Sometimes a stomatal aperture is called an "ostiole".
Vergani
Vergani is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Vergani (born 1997), Italian swimmer

Beniamino Vergani (1863–1927), Italian chess player

Edoardo Vergani (born 2001), Italian football player

Giuseppe Vergani (18th century), Italian writer

Lorenzo Vergani (born 1993), Italian track hurdler

Paolo Vergani (1753–1820), Italian political economist

Beniamino Vergani
Beniamino Vergani (Montebelluna, 2 June 1863 – 15 July 1927) was an Italian chess master.

A businessman who learned the game in 1884, he soon distinguished himself in local tournaments. He took part in the Italian National Tournament at Turin 1892, coming second behind Torre. Vergani finished 22nd and last at the Hastings 1895 tournament with 3/21.

In 1900, Vergani came 2nd-3rd in Rome scoring 10/14, and in 1901 he was fifth in Venice with 5.5/14. He attempted problem composition, and wrote the chess column of Illustrated Sport of Milan from 1890 to 1897, the year in which it ceased publication.

The chess club Beniamino Vergani, in Montebelluna, is dedicated to his memory. One of the strongest Italian youth chess movements today is built around this club.
Kyle Evans (rugby)
Kyle Evans (born 11 September 1990) is a Welsh professional rugby league footballer who last played as a winger for Featherstone Rovers in the Championship and Wales at international level.

Evans previously played professional rugby union for Llanelli, Moseley, Merthyr and the Doncaster Knights.

Featherstone Rovers
Featherstone Rovers is a professional rugby league club in Featherstone, West Yorkshire, England. The club last competed in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league, but were not granted RFL membership for the 2026 season due to the club's financial difficulties.

Featherstone Rovers won the League Championship once and Challenge Cup three times.

The club played home games at Post Office Road. Their local rivals were Castleford and Wakefield Trinity, and in the Championship, Halifax. The club's traditional home colours were white with blue hoops.