hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Symmachia
Symmachia is a genus in the butterfly family Riodinidae present only in the Neotropical realm.

This genus is distinguished by a strong bulging-out of the costa of the forewing of the males, this characteristic bulge recedes in but few species, presumably owing to a mimetic transformation. This widening of the forewing is accompanied by a peculiar flight resembling that of Thecla, which becomes very conspicuous in the non-mimetic species, whereas in the mimetic species it is replaced by that of the causal originals to which reference is made in the single species, and which may more correctly be eliminated from the genus. They are more closely allied to the Gricosoma than the non-mimetic species, but we shall here give the precedence to the more typical forms. Many Symmachia are great rarities, and they are extremely peculiar in the shape as well as in the colouring. They fly in the day time, not continuously, and rest beneath leaves.

Riodinidae
Riodinidae is the family of metalmark butterflies. The common name "metalmarks" refers to the small, metallic-looking spots commonly found on their wings. The 1,532 species are placed in 146 genera. Although mostly Neotropical in distribution, the family is also represented both in the Nearctic, Palearctic, Australasian (Dicallaneura), Afrotropic (Afriodinia, Saribia), and Indomalayan realms.
Roepstorff
Roepstorff is a German-origin Danish surname. Notable persons include:

Frederik Adolph de Roepstorff (1842–1883), Danish ethnologist and penal colony superintendent

Hans Roepstorff (1910–1945), German chess player

Jens Erik Roepstorff (born 1960), Danish handball player

Kirstine Roepstorff (born 1972), Danish visual artist

Jens Roepstorff
Jens Erik Roepstorff (born 5 August 1960) is a Danish former handball player who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics.

He played his club handball with Helsingør IF. In 1984 he finished fourth with the Denmark men's national handball team in the 1984 Olympic tournament. He played all six matches and scored 15 goals.
Co-NP-complete
In complexity theory, computational problems that are co-NP-complete are those that are the hardest problems in co-NP, in the sense that any problem in co-NP can be reformulated as a special case of any co-NP-complete problem with only polynomial overhead. If P is different from co-NP, then all of the co-NP-complete problems are not solvable in polynomial time. If there exists a way to solve a co-NP-complete problem quickly, then that algorithm can be used to solve all co-NP problems quickly.

Each co-NP-complete problem is the complement of an NP-complete problem.  There are some problems in both NP and co-NP, for example all problems in P or integer factorization. However, it is not known if the sets are equal, although inequality is thought more likely. See co-NP and NP-complete for more details.

Fortune showed in 1979 that if any sparse language is co-NP-complete (or even just co-NP-hard), then P = NP, a critical foundation for Mahaney's theorem.

Mahaney's theorem
Mahaney's theorem is a theorem in computational complexity theory proven by Stephen Mahaney that states that if any sparse language is NP-complete, then P = NP. Also, if any sparse language is NP-complete with respect to Turing reductions, then the polynomial-time hierarchy collapses to .

Mahaney's argument does not actually require the sparse language to be in NP, so there is a sparse NP-hard set if and only if P = NP. This is because the existence of an NP-hard sparse set implies the existence of an NP-complete sparse set.
Custos Rotulorum of Leicestershire
This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of Leicestershire.

John Beaumont bef. 1544–1558

Francis Cave 1558 – aft. 1564

Henry Hastings, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon bef. 1573–1595

George Hastings, 4th Earl of Huntingdon 1596–1604

Sir Henry Beaumont bef. 1605–1607

Henry Hastings, 5th Earl of Huntingdon bef. 1608–1643

Ferdinando Hastings, 6th Earl of Huntingdon 1643–1646

Interregnum

Henry Hastings, 1st Baron Loughborough 1660–1667

Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh 1667–1675

Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon 1675–1680

William Feilding, 3rd Earl of Denbigh 1680–1681

Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon 1681–1689

Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford 1689–1702

John Manners, 9th Earl of Rutland 1702–1703

For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Leicestershire.

Ferdinando Hastings, 6th Earl of Huntingdon
Ferdinando Hastings, 6th Earl of Huntingdon (18 January 1609 – 13 February 1656), was the son of Henry Hastings, 5th Earl of Huntingdon, and Lady Elizabeth Stanley, the daughter of Ferdinando Stanley, 5th Earl of Derby, and Alice Spencer. He married Lucy, daughter of Sir John Davies, on 7 August 1623.

He was MP for Leicestershire in 1625 and again in 1628–29.

Ferdinando's family seat, Ashby de la Zouch Castle, was destroyed by Oliver Cromwell's troops in the English Civil War in 1646. He died of smallpox at age 47 and was succeeded by his son, Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon.

There is a monument to him in St Helen's Church, Ashby-de-la-Zouch.
MYcroSchool
MYcroSchool is a network of tuition-free public charter high schools in the Florida, primarily serving "at-promise" students aged 16–24, who have previously dropped out of school or are at risk of doing so. The schools are managed by NEWCorp, Inc. (New Education for the Workplace), and are accredited by Cognia (SACS CASI).MYcroSchool is a nonprofit 501(c)3 organization that offers a standard high school diploma

High school diploma
A high school diploma (sometimes referred to as a high school degree) is a diploma awarded upon graduation of high school. A high school diploma is awarded after completion of courses of studies lasting four years, from grade 9 to grade 12. It is the school leaving qualification in the United States and Canada.

The diploma is awarded by the school in accordance with the requirements of the local state or provincial government. Requirements for earning the diploma vary by jurisdiction, and there may be different requirements for different streams or levels of high school graduation. Typically they include a combination of selected coursework meeting specified criteria for a particular stream and acceptable passing grades earned on the state exit examination.
Isabel (Il Divo song)
Isabel  (Elisabeth) is a classical crossover song in Spanish adapted for the quartet Il Divo, included in their album Ancora (2005).

The melody is based and developed from "Pavane in F-sharp minor, Op. 50". Gabriel Fauré, 1887.

With lyrics by Andreas Romdhane, 2005.

The song commemorates the French countess Élisabeth Greffulhe.

Élisabeth Greffulhe
Countess Marie Anatole Louise Élisabeth Greffulhe (née de Riquet de Caraman-Chimay; 11 July 1860 – 21 August 1952) was a French socialite, known as a renowned beauty and queen of the salons of the Faubourg Saint-Germain in Paris.
Alex l'ariete
Alex l'ariete (Alex the ram) is a 2000 crime film directed by Damiano Damiani, starring former World cup alpine ski racer Alberto Tomba and Michelle Hunziker.

Produced by Vittorio Cecchi Gori and Rita Rusić, the movie marks the debut of Alberto Tomba's acting career. However, Alex l'ariete was a box-office bomb and was panned by critics for its banal plot, approximate editing and Tomba's acting performance which many seen as involuntarily funny. Bad reviews and word of mouth prompted the film's producers to withdraw it from theaters after a few days.

In Italy, during the years, Alex l'ariete gained a "so bad it's good" reputation and became a cult among the fans of the B-movies.

Rita Rusić
Rita Rusić (Italian: [ˈriːta ˈruːzitʃ], Croatian: [ˈriːta ˈruːsitɕ]; born 16 May 1960), also known as Rita Cecchi Gori, is a Croatian-born Italian producer, actress and singer. Rusić's career began as an actress with a major role in the 1982 film Attila flagello di Dio. She was eventually moved into the film industry, with Il pentito in 1982. Later that year she also began filming Joan Lui - Ma un giorno nel paese arrivo io di lunedì.

Following her work as a singer and an actress, Rusić became a producer in the early 1990s. Since then, she has been a recognised producer for over 80 films. Many of these films were released primarily in Italy, but a number of them had global success. Rusić also featured on the Italian version of Dancing with the Stars.
Punjabi clothing
In the Punjab region, people wore cotton clothing. Both men and women wore knee-length tops. A scarf was worn over the tops which would be draped over the left shoulder and under the right. A large sheet would be further draped over one shoulder which would hang loose towards the knees. Both male and female wore a dhoti or lungi around the waist. Modern Indian Punjabi dress has retained the dhoti, but over its long history has added other forms of dress.

The Punjab region had a flourishing industry in cotton during the 19th and early 20th centuries, when various kinds of coarse cotton clothes. This cotton industry added to the richness of Punjabi clothing which exhibits Punjab's rich and vibrant culture in its dresses. Various types of dresses are worn based on different Punjabi festivals, local events and ceremonies.

Along with different traditional dresses special types of ornaments are also very common.

Saraiki ajrak
Saraiki ajrak (Saraiki: سرائیکی اجرک), is a form of block-printed textile traditionally worn in the Saraiki-speaking regions of southern Punjab, Pakistan. It is part of the wider ajrak-style textile tradition historically associated with the Indus River basin, a region that was home to the ancient Indus Valley civilisation. In contemporary usage, ajrak has become a cultural symbol of Saraiki culture and identity, particularly during events such as Saraiki Culture Day and Saraiki Ajrak Day.
2017 Erste Bank Open
The 2017 Erste Bank Open 500 was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 43rd edition of the event, and part of the ATP World Tour 500 Series of the 2017 ATP World Tour. It was held at the Wiener Stadthalle in Vienna, Austria, from 23 October until 29 October 2017. Unseeded Lucas Pouille won the singles title.

ATP 500 tournaments
The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth-highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000 events. The winners of each tournament are awarded 500 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2025, the series includes 16 tournaments, which have draws of 32 for singles (except for the Washington Open: 48) and 16 for doubles. Leading players must enter at least four 500 events, including at least one after the US Open; if they play fewer than four, or fail to play in one after the US Open they get a "zero" score towards their world ranking for each one short.

Roger Federer has won the most ATP 500 singles titles (24), while Daniel Nestor has won the most doubles titles (20).
Stabæk IF
Stabæk Idrætsforening is a Norwegian multi-sports club in Bærum, a municipality bordering on Oslo in the west. It has sections for football, bandy, handball and alpine skiing. While the football team Stabæk Fotball is the most prominent, the men's bandy team has taken multiple national championships. The women's handball team plays in the first tier of Norwegian handball, and the men's team on the third tier. The club formerly had sections for athletics, sport shooting and orienteering. In early 2009 a new women's football team was started within Stabæk IF and was named Stabæk Fotball Kvinner, in reality a relocation of Asker Fotball's women's team.

Bærum
Bærum (Norwegian: [ˈbæ̂ːrʉm] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Greater Oslo Region in Akershus County, Norway. It forms an affluent suburb of Oslo on the west coast of the city. Bærum is Norway's fifth largest municipality with a population of 128,760 (2021). The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Sandvika. Bærum was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838.

Bærum has the highest income per capita in Norway and the highest proportion of university-educated individuals. Bærum, particularly its eastern neighbourhoods bordering West End Oslo, is one of Norway's priciest and most fashionable residential areas. The municipality has been voted the best Norwegian place to live in considering governance and public services to citizens.
SPA Alicante CF
Sporting Plaza de Argel Alicante Club de Fútbol, also known formerly as Sporting Plaza de Argel or Hércules CF Femenino, is a Spanish women's football club from Alicante currently playing in Segunda División's Group 4.

Alicante
Alicante or Alacant (officially: Alacant / Alicante) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Alicante and a historic Mediterranean port. With a population of 358,608 as of 2024, it is the 2nd-largest city in the Valencian Community and the 10th-largest in Spain.

Together with Elche (Elx) and other municipalities, Alicante forms a conurbation of nearly 1 million inhabitants.
South Sixth Street Historic District
South Sixth Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Poplar Bluff, Butler County, Missouri.  It encompasses four contributing buildings and two contributing structures in a residential section of Poplar Bluff.  The district developed between about 1880 and 1917, and includes representative examples of Italianate and Colonial Revival style architecture.  Notable buildings include the Luke F. Quinn House (1884), the Warren S. Randall House (1889), and John C. Corrigan House (1917).: 5

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Butler County, Missouri
Butler County is a county located in the southeast Ozark Foothills Region in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 Census, the county's population was 42,130. The largest city and county seat is Poplar Bluff. The county was officially organized from Wayne County on February 27, 1849, and is named after former U.S. Representative William O. Butler (D-Kentucky), who was also an unsuccessful candidate for Vice President of the United States. The first meeting in the Butler County Courthouse was held on June 18, 1849.

Butler County comprises the Poplar Bluff, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Ronald Edward Zupko
Ronald Edward Zupko (5 August, 1938 -- 8 November, 2021) was an authority on historical metrology (the study of the history of weights and measures) with an academic background in medieval history. He was known for his books on the history of weights and measures, and had written numerous dictionary and encyclopedia entries on historical measurement units.

Born in Youngstown, Ohio, Zupko received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and taught at Marquette University from 1966 until retiring in 2002.

Professor Zupko was a member of the Comité International pour la Métrologie Historique, Institute for Advanced Study (associate member), Mediaeval Academy of America, Economic History Association, National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors, Midwest Medieval Association, Pi Gamma Mu, and Phi Alpha Theta.

Phi Alpha Theta
Phi Alpha Theta (ΦΑΘ) is an American honor society for undergraduate and graduate students and professors of history. It was created in 1921 at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, Arkansas. It has more than 400,000 members, with new members numbering about 9,000 a year through its 970 chapters.
X-Scape
X-Scape, known as X-Returns in Japan and as 3D Space Tank in the PAL region, is a first-person combat simulation game developed by Q-Games and Nintendo released on the Nintendo DSi's DSiWare download service. It is a sequel to the 1992 Japan-exclusive Game Boy title X.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
National Police of Colombia
The National Police of Colombia (Spanish: Policía Nacional de Colombia) is the national police force of the Republic of Colombia. It is controlled by the Ministry of Defense, and is the only civilian police force in Colombia.

The force's official responsibilities are to protect the Colombian nation, enforce the law by constitutional mandate, maintain and guarantee the necessary conditions for public freedoms and rights and to ensure peaceful cohabitation among the population.

Law enforcement agency
A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any government agency responsible for law enforcement within a specific jurisdiction through the employment and deployment of law enforcement officers and their resources. The most common type of law enforcement agency is the police, but various other forms exist as well, including agencies that focus on specific legal violations or are organized and overseen by certain authorities. They typically have various powers and legal rights to allow them to perform their duties, such as the power of arrest and the use of force.
Claus' benzene
Claus' benzene (C6H6) is a hypothetical hydrocarbon and an isomer of benzene. It was proposed by Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus in 1867 as a possible structure for benzene at a time when the structure of benzene was still being debated. The molecule can be described as a hexagon with carbon atoms positioned at the corners, with each carbon connected to its two ortho carbons (the nearest carbons) and the one para carbon connected diametrically. High strain energy makes its synthesis impossible. Although it is often referred to alongside Dewar benzene and prismane, it is not possible to synthesize it, while Dewar benzene and prismane can be.

Strain energy
In physics, the elastic potential energy gained by a wire during elongation with a tensile (stretching) or compressive (contractile) force is called strain energy.  For linearly elastic materials, strain energy is:

where σ is stress, ε is strain, V is volume, and E is Young's modulus:
SK1 (program)
sK1 is an open-source, cross-platform illustration program that seeks to be a substitute for professional proprietary software like CorelDRAW or Adobe Illustrator. Unique project features are CorelDRAW formats importers, tabbed multiple document interface, Cairo-based engine, and color management.

Les Trophées du Libre
The Les Trophées du Libre contest was a free software contest whose goal was to promote innovative software projects by giving those projects recognition and media coverage and rewarding participating students and academic institutions with special prizes.
Thomas Simpson (architect)
Thomas Simpson (1825–1908) was a British architect associated with the seaside town of Brighton.  As architect to the Brighton and Preston School Board and the equivalent institution in neighbouring Hove, he designed "a distinguished group of board schools" during the late 19th century, when the provision of mass education was greatly extended.  Many of these schools survive and some have listed status.  He also worked on five Nonconformist chapels for various Christian denominations, using a wide variety of materials and architectural styles.  He was the father of Sir John William Simpson and Gilbert Murray Simpson, who both became architects.

Hove
Hove (/hoʊv/ HOHV) is a seaside town in East Sussex, England. Alongside Brighton, it is one of the two main parts of the city of Brighton and Hove.

Originally a fishing village surrounded by open farmland, it grew rapidly in the 19th century in response to the development of its eastern neighbour Brighton; by the Victorian era it was a fully developed town with borough status. Neighbouring parishes such as Aldrington and Hangleton were annexed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The neighbouring urban district of Portslade was merged with Hove in 1974. In 1997, as part of local government reform, the borough merged with Brighton to form the Borough of Brighton and Hove; this unitary authority was granted city status in 2000.
Chester Melanson
Chester Joseph Melanson (born June 26, 1940) is a Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Clare in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1981 to 1984 as a member of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party.

Melanson was born in 1940 at Meteghan Centre, Digby County, Nova Scotia. A graduate of the University of New Brunswick, Melanson was an athletic director. He entered provincial politics in the 1981 election, defeating Progressive Conservative Guy LeBlanc by 55 votes in the Clare riding. Melanson was defeated by LeBlanc when he ran for re-election in 1984.

In October 2008, Melanson was awarded the Order of La Pléiade, which was given to honour Acadian and Francophone community leaders, and Members of the Legislative Assembly.

Order of La Pléiade
The Order of La Pléiade (French pronunciation: [la ple.jad]; French: Ordre de la Pléiade de l'Association des parlementaires de langue française) is an honorary order of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. It recognizes people who particularly distinguished themselves in the service of its ideals of cooperation and friendship, promoting the role of the French language in their own countries or in the world. It was created in 1976 on initiative of the Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie.
Patricia Lindop
Patricia Joyce Lindop FRCP (21 June 1930 – 1 February 2018) was a British professor of radiation biology at the University of London and the organiser of at least 100 Pugwash conferences at which scientists met to discuss their campaign for nuclear disarmament.

Radiobiology
Radiobiology (also known as radiation biology, and uncommonly as actinobiology) is a field of clinical and basic medical sciences that involves the study of the effects of radiation on living tissue  (including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation), in particular health effects of radiation.

Ionizing radiation is generally harmful and potentially lethal to living things but can have health benefits in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer and thyrotoxicosis. Its most common impact is the induction of cancer with a latent period of years or decades after exposure. High doses can cause visually dramatic radiation burns, and/or rapid fatality through acute radiation syndrome. Controlled doses are used for medical imaging and radiotherapy.
Future Shock! The Story of 2000AD
Future Shock! The Story of 2000AD is a 2014 documentary film about the history of British science fiction comic 2000 AD. Its world debut was at the 2014 Fantastic Fest in Austin, Texas, and subsequently shown at other US film festivals. Its UK debut was at the 2015 Edinburgh International Film Festival, and it had a limited theatrical release in the UK. It was released on DVD on 7 December 2015.

Fantastic Fest
Fantastic Fest is an annual film festival in Austin, Texas, focused on fantasy, horror, science fiction, action and cult films. It was founded in 2005 by Tim League of Alamo Drafthouse. It is the largest and most prestigious genre festival in the United States, and as one of the top three in the world alongside Sitges and Fantasia.

Lisa Dreyer is festival director. Annick Mahnert is head of programming.