hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Halomonas titanicae
Halomonas titanicae is a gram-negative, halophilic species of bacteria which was isolated in 2010 from rusticles recovered from the wreck of the RMS Titanic. It has been estimated by Henrietta Mann, one of the researchers who first isolated it, that the action of microbes like H. titanicae may bring about the total deterioration of the Titanic by 2030. While the bacteria have been identified as a potential danger to oil rigs and other man-made objects in the deep sea, they also have the potential to be used in bioremediation to accelerate the decomposition of shipwrecks on the ocean floor.

Ferric
In chemistry, iron(III) or ferric refers to the element iron in its +3 oxidation state.  Ferric chloride is an alternative name for iron(III) chloride (FeCl3). The adjective ferrous is used instead for iron(II) salts, containing the cation Fe2+. The word ferric is derived from the Latin word ferrum, meaning "iron".

Although often abbreviated as Fe3+, that naked ion does not exist except under extreme conditions. Iron(III) centres are found in many compounds and coordination complexes, where Fe(III) is bonded to several ligands. A molecular ferric complex is the anion ferrioxalate, [Fe(C2O4)3]3−, with three bidentate oxalate ions surrounding the Fe core.  Relative to lower oxidation states, ferric is less common in organoiron chemistry, but the ferrocenium cation [Fe(C5H5)2]+ is well known.
First Council of Nîmes
Council of Nîmes (396)  was an important early Roman Catholic church Synod held in Nîmes, France on 1 October 396. It concerned the heresy of Ithacans (or Itaciens) that affected Christian unity, and resulted in the adoption of seven canons on church discipline, including the forbidding of female deaconesses.

This synod is the first of four known as the Councils of Nîmes that were held in the Middle Ages. The other Councils were held in 886, 1096, and 1284.

Church discipline
Church discipline is the practice of church members calling upon an individual within the Church to repent for their sins. Church discipline is performed when one has sinned or gone against the rules of the church. Church discipline is practiced with the intent to make the offender repent and be reconciled to God. It was also used to protect the other church members from the influence of sin, and to prevent other members from acting out.
Nkenke Kekana
Nkenke Nathaniel "Nat" Kekana (born 20 April 1962) is a South African politician and businessman. He is a former Member of Parliament and co-founded Business Connexion, a leading information technology firm, in 1996. He is a director and shareholder of several businesses.

Formerly an anti-apartheid activist in Alexandra, he represented the African National Congress (ANC) as a Member of the National Assembly from 1994 to 2003 and was a longstanding member of the Provincial Executive Committee of the ANC in Gauteng. He was elected to two consecutive five-year terms on the ANC National Executive Committee in 2017 and 2022 and is the committee's head of communications from 2018 to date.

Provincial Executive Committees of the African National Congress
The Provincial Executive Committees (PECs) of the African National Congress (ANC) are the chief executive organs of the party's nine provincial branches. Comprising the so-called “Top Five” provincial officials and up to 30 additional elected members, each is structured similarly to the party's National Executive Committee (NEC) and is elected every four years at party provincial conferences.

The “Top Five” officials at the head of each PEC are the ANC Provincial Chairperson, the political leader of the party in the province; the ANC Provincial Secretary, a full-time party functionary; their respective deputies; and the Provincial Treasurer. With some notable exceptions, especially under President Thabo Mbeki, the Provincial Chairperson often becomes the ANC's candidate for election as Premier in the corresponding provincial government, and other members of the PEC are often appointed to the provincial cabinet as Members of the Executive Council.
1916 Pahiatua by-election
The Pahiatua by-election of 1916 was a by-election held in the Pahiatua electorate during the 19th New Zealand Parliament, on 17 August 1916. It was caused by the death of incumbent MP James Escott of the Reform Party on 28 July, and was won by Harold Smith with a majority of 420.

Reform Party (New Zealand)
The Reform Party, formally the New Zealand Political Reform League, was New Zealand's second major political party, having been founded as a conservative response to the original Liberal Party. It was in government between 1912 and 1928, and later formed a coalition with the United Party (a remnant of the Liberals), and then merged with United to form the modern National Party.
Meadowhall Interchange
Meadowhall Interchange is a transport interchange located in north-east Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. It consists of a combined heavy rail station, tram stop, and bus and coach station. The second-busiest heavy rail station in the city in terms of passenger numbers, Meadowhall Interchange provides connections between National Rail services, the Sheffield Supertram light rail network, inter-city coach services and the city bus network.

The interchange was opened in 1990 by British Rail, within the Regional Railways sector, to serve the new Meadowhall shopping centre, which opened at the same time and is connected to the interchange by a pedestrian footbridge. The interchange is now owned by Network Rail and operated by Northern Trains, with additional services provided by TransPennine Express.

Bus station
A bus station, bus depot, bus interchange or bus exchange is a structure where city buses or intercity buses stop to pick up and drop off passengers. A bus station is larger than a bus stop, which is usually simply a place on the roadside, where buses can stop. It may be intended as a terminal station for a number of routes, or as a transfer station where the routes continue.

Bus station platforms may be assigned to fixed bus lines, or variable in combination with a dynamic passenger information system. The latter requires fewer platforms, but does not provide consistent locations for passengers.
Outlaws of Cherokee Trail
Outlaws of Cherokee Trail is a 1941 American Western film directed by Lester Orlebeck and starring Robert Livingston, Bob Steele and Lois Collier. It is part of the long-running Three Mesquiteers B-movie series released by Republic Pictures. directed by Lester Orlebeck.

Robert Livingston (actor)
Robert Edward Randall (December 9, 1904 – March 7, 1988) was an American film actor known under his stage name, Robert Livingston. He appeared in 136 films between 1921 and 1975. He was one of the original Three Mesquiteers. He also played The Lone Ranger and Zorro.
Paul Julius Menzel
Paul Julius Menzel (27 April 1864 in Dresden – 2 April 1927) was a German physician and paleobotanist.

In 1889 he obtained his medical doctorate from the University of Greifswald, afterwards working as a physician in Hainitz Grosspostwitz (from 1889 to 1898). From 1898 onward, he lived and worked in Dresden.

Known for his close association with the Senckenberg museum; after his death, the museum bought a large part of his fossil plant collection — approximately 11,000 items from the Tertiary formation of northern Bohemia.

Tertiary period
The Tertiary (/ˈtɜːrʃəri/ TUR-shər-ee, US also /ˈtɜːrʃi.ɛri/ TUR-shee-err-ee) is an obsolete geologic period spanning 66 million to 2.6 or 1.8 million years ago. The period began with the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, at the start of the Cenozoic Era, and extended to the beginning of the Quaternary glaciation at the end of the Pliocene Epoch. The Tertiary has not been recognised by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) since the late 1980s, with the timespan of the Tertiary now being split into the earlier Paleogene and the more recent Neogene periods, though the Tertiary continues to be used in some scientific publications.
China microcensus
The China microcensus (全国1%人口抽样调查) is an intercensal survey to measure the population, in between official censuses.
It is conducted every year that ends in 5.  In 2015, the survey began on November 1 at midnight.  Data are broken down to at least the municipal level and include residency (hukou) as well as ethnicity.

Intercensal estimate
In demographics, an intercensal estimate is an estimate of population between official census dates with both of the census counts being known.  Some nations produce regular intercensal estimates while others do not. Intercensal estimates can be less or more informative than official census figures, depending on methodology, completeness, accuracy (as they can have significant undercounts or overestimates) and date of data, and can be released by nations, subnational entities, or other organizations including those not affiliated with governments.  They differ from population projections as they are from past dates, although intercensal estimates can be used to form population projections.
Mayadin District
Mayadin District (Arabic: منطقة الميادين) is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Deir ez-Zor Governorate, Syria. At the 2004 official census, the district had a population of 247,171. Its administrative centre is the city of Mayadin.

Mintaqah
Minṭaqah (Arabic: مِنْطَقَة [ˈmintˤaqah]; plural مَنَاطِق manāṭiq [maˈnaːtˤiq]) is a term used for a first-level administrative division in Saudi Arabia and Chad and for a second-level administrative division in several other Arab countries. It is often translated as region or district, but the literal meaning is "region", "area", or even simply "place".
O. Normann Sand
Oscar Normann Sand (11 August 1921 – 14 August 1974) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Akershus during the term 1965–1969.

On the local level, Sand was mayor of Oppegård municipality from 1956 to 1960.

Oppegård
Oppegård is an area in Nordre Follo, Akershus, Norway. Oppegård was a municipality in the county Akershus.

It is part of the traditional region of Follo.  The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Kolbotn.  The municipality of Oppegård was separated from the municipality of Nesodden on 1 July 1915.  Oppegård municipality had an area of 37 square kilometres (14.3 mi2), hence it was the smallest municipality in Akershus by area.

On 1 January 2020, Oppegård municipality was merged with Ski into the new Nordre Follo municipality.

Within Oppegård, there is an eponymous village.
Dilith Jayaweera
Dilith Susantha Jayaweera (born 18 September 1967) is a Sri Lankan businessman, entrepreneur, media mogul, lawyer and politician. He is the former Chairman of George Steuart Group of Companies, and the founder of TV Derana. He entered politics in September 2023 and is the founder and leader of the Mawbima Janatha Pakshaya.

In 2011, he was named by the LMD as one of the top 10 Business People of the Year. In 2020, Jayaweera was among 100 corporate leaders named by the LMD on its A-list of businesspeople in Sri Lanka.

University of Colombo
The University of Colombo (informally Colombo University or UoC) is a public research university located primarily in Colombo, Sri Lanka. It is the oldest institution of modern higher education in Sri Lanka. It specializes in the fields of Natural, Social, Applied, Formal, and Computer Sciences as well as Fine Arts, Law and Technology. It is ranked among the top 10 universities in South Asia.

The University of Colombo was founded in 1921 as University College Colombo, affiliated with the University of London. Degrees were issued to its students from 1923 onwards. The university traces its roots to 1870 when the Ceylon Medical School was established. UoC has produced notable alumni in the fields of science, law, economics, business, literature, and politics.
Sylejmani
Sylejmani is an Albanian surname. People with the name include:

Fadil Sylejmani (1940–2013), Albanian university professor from North Macedonia

Sylejman Sylejmani (1953–2017), Albanian academic and politician

Xhafer Sylejmani (1878–1953), Albanian physician and politician

Sylejman Sylejmani
Sylejman Sylejmani (January 29, 1953 – January 28, 2017) was an Albanian academic, politician, military commander, and activist. He was a professor of chemistry at the University of Prishtina and served as the Education Minister of Gjakova. He also led the League of Albanian Educators (LASH) and was a co-founder of the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) and the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). Sylejmani participated in the Kosovo War and suffered from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), reportedly as a result of torture endured during and prior to the conflict.
Otto Mejer
Otto Karl Alexander Mejer (27 May 1818, Zellerfeld – 24 December 1893, Hanover) was a German canon law

specialist and church historian.

He studied law at the universities of Göttingen, Berlin and Jena, receiving his doctorate at Göttingen in 1841. While a student in Berlin, he was deeply influenced by the teachings of Friedrich Carl von Savigny. Not long after graduation, he became a lecturer at Göttingen, and in 1845/46 took an extended study trip to Rome.

In 1847 he became a full professor of law at the University of Königsberg, which was followed by professorships at Greifswald (1850) and Rostock (1851). In 1874 he returned as a professor to Göttingen, where he taught classes until his retirement in 1883. From 1885 to 1893 he was president of the State Consistory at the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Hanover, then the highest-ranking office of the church.

University of Königsberg
The University of Königsberg (German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was a university in Königsberg, East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussia and received the royal privilege by King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland in 1560. The university was commonly known as the Albertina.

Following World War II, the city of Königsberg (renamed Kaliningrad) was transferred to the Soviet Union under the terms of the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The Albertina was closed and the remaining German population was expelled. Today, the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University claims to maintain the traditions of the Albertina.
Chuzo desgranado
Chuzo desgranado is a typical fast food that originated from Barranquilla and spread throughout the Caribbean region of Colombia that contains charcoal-grilled meats such as chicken, beef, pork loin and ribs, bacon, chorizo, sausages and botifarra, small fried potato pieces (used as a topping for hot dogs), Costeño cheese, mozzarella cheese, bollo limpio and/or French fries, cooked sweet corn kernels, lettuce and sauces (tartar, salsa rosada, mayonnaise, pineapple) to suit the consumer. There is also the option of a "chuzo light" which does not include the fries or bollo limpio.

One study demonstrated that university students considered this dish an identifying feature of Barranquilla.

Pork
Pork is the culinary name for the meat of the pig (Sus domesticus). It is the second most commonly consumed type of meat worldwide, following poultry, with evidence of pig husbandry dating back to 8000–9000 BCE.

Pork is eaten both freshly cooked and preserved; curing extends the shelf life of pork products. Ham, gammon, bacon, and pork sausage are examples of preserved pork. Charcuterie is the branch of cooking devoted to prepared meat products, many from pork.

Pork is one of the most popular meats in the Western world, particularly in Central Europe. It is also very popular in East and Southeast Asia (Mainland Southeast Asia, Philippines, Singapore, and East Timor). The meat is highly prized in Asian cuisines, especially in China (including Hong Kong) and Northeast India, for its fat content and texture.

Some religions and cultures prohibit pork consumption, notably Islam and Judaism.
Copper(II) perchlorate
Copper(II) perchlorate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu(ClO4)2. It forms hydrates with the formula Cu(ClO4)2(H2O)x. The anhydrous solid is rarely encountered but several hydrates are known. Most important is the perchlorate salt of the copper aquo complex copper(II) perchlorate hexahydrate, [Cu(H2O)6]2+(ClO−4)2.

Infrared spectroscopic studies of anhydrous copper(II) perchlorate provided some of the first evidence for the binding of perchlorate anion to a metal ion. The structure of this compound was eventually deduced by X-ray crystallography. Copper resides in a distorted octahedral environment and the perchlorate ligands bridge between the Cu(II) centers.

Hydrate
In chemistry, a hydrate is a substance that contains water or its constituent elements. The chemical state of the water varies widely between different classes of hydrates, some of which were so labeled before their chemical structure was understood.
Gamhariya Parwaha
Gamhariya Parwaha is ward in Dakneshwori Municipality in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 6,145 people living in 1,070 individual households.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Fortress conservation
Fortress conservation is a conservation model based on the belief that biodiversity protection is best achieved by creating protected areas where ecosystems can function in isolation from human disturbance.

African Parks
African Parks is a non-governmental organization (NGO) focused on biodiversity conservation through protected area management, established in 2000 and headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa. It was founded as the African Parks Management and Finance Company, a private company, then underwent structural changes to become an NGO called African Parks Foundation, and later renamed African Parks Network. The organization manages national parks and protected areas throughout Africa, in collaboration with governments and surrounding communities. African Parks manages 24 protected areas in 13 countries as of October 2025, and employs more than 5000 staff.
Ming Tsai
Ming Hao Tsai (Chinese: 蔡明昊; pinyin: Cài Mínghào; born 1964) is an American chef, restaurateur, television personality and a former squash player. Tsai's restaurants have focused on east–west fusion cuisine, and have included major stakes in Blue Ginger in Wellesley, Massachusetts (a Zagat- and James Beard-recognized establishment) from 1998 to 2017, and Blue Dragon in the Fort Point Channel area of Boston (a Zagat-recognized tapas-style gastropub named in Esquire Magazine "Best New Restaurants 2013").

Tsai hosts Simply Ming, a cooking show featured on American Public Television, in its seventeenth season. Past shows Tsai hosted include Ming's Quest, a cooking show featured on the Fine Living Network, and East Meets West. Tsai appeared in the Food Network cooking competition The Next Iron Chef (2010).

Fusion cuisine
Fusion cuisine is a cuisine that combines elements of different culinary traditions that originate from different countries, regions, or cultures. Cuisines of this type are not categorized according to any one particular cuisine style and have played a part in many contemporary restaurant cuisines since the 1970s.

The term fusion cuisine, added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2002, is defined as "a style of cookery which blends ingredients and methods of preparation from different countries, regions, or ethnic groups; food cooked in this style."
Traian Neagu
Traian Neagu (born 3 January 1987 in Rosiorii de Vede) is a Romanian sprint kayaker. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Men's K-4 1000 metres, finishing in 8th place in the final (with Toni Ioneticu, Ştefan Vasile and Petruş Gavrilă).

At the Canoe Sprint European Championships, in the men's K-4 1000 m event (also with Ioneticu, Vasile and Gavrilă), Neagu won a silver medal in 2012 in Zagreb and a bronze medal in 2011 in Belgrade.

Roșiorii de Vede
Roșiorii de Vede (Romanian pronunciation: [roʃiˌorij de ˈvede]; sometimes Roșiori de Vede or, in old versions, Rușii de Vede) is a city in Teleorman County, Romania. Located in the Muntenia region, it is one of the oldest cities in the country. It was first mentioned in a document which dates back to 1385, when the city was visited by two German pilgrims who were returning from Jerusalem and stopped for a few days in a town they called Russenart.
Asymptotically flat spacetime
An asymptotically flat spacetime is a Lorentzian manifold in which, roughly speaking, the curvature vanishes at large distances from some region, so that at large distances, the geometry becomes indistinguishable from that of Minkowski spacetime.

While this notion makes sense for any Lorentzian manifold, it is most often applied to a spacetime standing as a solution to the field equations of some metric theory of gravitation, particularly general relativity.  In this case, we can say that an asymptotically flat spacetime is one in which the gravitational field, as well as any matter or other fields which may be present, become negligible in magnitude at large distances from some region.  In particular, in an asymptotically flat vacuum solution, the gravitational field (curvature) becomes negligible at large distances from the source of the field (typically some isolated massive object such as a star).

Vacuum solution
In general relativity, a vacuum solution is a Lorentzian manifold whose Einstein tensor vanishes identically.  According to the Einstein field equation, this means that the stress–energy tensor also vanishes identically, so that no matter or non-gravitational fields are present. These are distinct from the electrovacuum solutions, which take into account the electromagnetic field in addition to the gravitational field. Vacuum solutions are also distinct from the lambdavacuum solutions, where the only term in the stress–energy tensor is the cosmological constant term (and thus, the lambdavacuums can be taken as cosmological models).

More generally, a vacuum region in a Lorentzian manifold is a region in which the Einstein tensor vanishes.

Vacuum solutions are a special case of the more general exact solutions in general relativity.
Sapotoideae
The Sapotoideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Sapotaceae. Plants in the subfamily are characterized by their leather-like leaves, often growing in a stipule fashion.

The seeds of the tree Argania spinosa produce an edible oil, traditionally harvested in Morocco.

Argan oil
Argan oil is a plant oil produced from the kernels of the argan tree (Argania spinosa L.), which is indigenous to Morocco and southwestern Algeria. In Morocco, argan oil is used to dip bread at breakfast or to drizzle on couscous or pasta. It is also used for cosmetic purposes.