hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical generalized linear model
In statistics, hierarchical generalized linear models extend generalized linear models by relaxing the assumption that error components are independent. This allows models to be built in situations where more than one error term is necessary and also allows for dependencies between error terms. The error components can be correlated and not necessarily follow a normal distribution. When there are different clusters, that is, groups of observations, the observations in the same cluster are correlated. In fact, they are positively correlated because observations in the same cluster share some common features. In this situation, using generalized linear models and ignoring the correlations may cause problems.

Errors and residuals
In statistics and optimization, errors and residuals are two closely related and easily confused measures of the deviation of an observed value of an element of a statistical sample from its "true value" (not necessarily observable). The error of an observation is the deviation of the observed value from the true value of a quantity of interest (for example, a population mean). The residual is the difference between the observed value and the estimated value of the quantity of interest (for example, a sample mean). The distinction is most important in regression analysis, where the concepts are sometimes called the regression errors and regression residuals and where they lead to the concept of studentized residuals.
In econometrics, "errors" are also called disturbances.
Alan Alborn
Alan Jacob Alborn (born December 13, 1980) is an American former ski jumper. At the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, he finished 11th in the team large hill and 11th in the individual normal hill events.

Alborn's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was 23rd in the individual normal hill event at Lahti in 2001. He finished 32nd in the individual event at the 2002 Ski-flying World Championships in Harrachov.

Alborn's best individual World Cup finish was fourth in a large hill event in Switzerland in 2001. His best individual career finish was second twice in lesser events (2001, 2004).

He held the North American distance record with 221.5 meters (achieved in Planica in 2002) till it was broken by Kevin Bickner in 2017.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships is a biennial Nordic skiing event organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS). The World Championships was started in 1924 for men and opened for women's participation in 1954. World Championship events include Nordic skiing's three disciplines: cross-country skiing, ski jumping, and Nordic combined (the latter being a combination sport consisting of both cross-country and ski jumping). The Winter Olympics from 1924 to 1980 were also the Nordic World Ski Championships. This meant that the Olympic champions were also World champions and received an additional medal from the International Ski Federation (FIS). Since 1985, the World Championships have been held in odd-numbered years.
Being Heumann
Being Heumann is an upcoming American biographical drama film directed by Sian Heder with Ruth Madeley starring as Judith Heumann alongside Mark Ruffalo. It is an adaptation of the memoir Being Heumann: An Unrepentant Memoir of a Disability Rights Activist by Judith Heumann.

Daniel Durant
Daniel N. Durant (born December 24, 1989) is an American stage and screen actor. Deaf since birth, his breakthrough starring role was as Moritz Stiefel in the 2015 Broadway revival of Spring Awakening. Durant had a major supporting role in the Academy Award-winning film CODA (2021). He and the cast won the Special Jury Award for Ensemble Cast in the U.S. Dramatic Competition at its world premiere at the 2021 Sundance Film Festival, along with the award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture at the 28th Screen Actors Guild Awards. On television, he is known for his recurring role in the ABC Family series Switched at Birth (2013–2017).
Heretaunga railway station
Heretaunga railway station is a suburban railway station serving Heretaunga in Upper Hutt, New Zealand. The station is located on the Hutt Valley section of the Wairarapa Line, 28.2 km (17.5 mi) north of Wellington. The station is served by Metlink's electric multiple unit trains of the "Matangi" FP class. Trains stopping at Heretaunga run to Wellington and Upper Hutt.

The station has an island platform between two tracks, linked by pedestrian overbridges to Bathurst Street and Maadi Place in the south, and pedestrian level crossings to Marion Street and Somme Road in the north.

Public transport in the Wellington Region
Public transport in the Wellington Region, branded under the name Metlink, is the public transport system serving Wellington and its surrounding region. It is the most used public transport system in New Zealand per capita, and consists of electric and diesel buses, suburban trains, ferries and a funicular  (the Wellington Cable Car). It also included trams until 1964, and trolleybuses until 2017.

Buses and ferries are privately owned, with the infrastructure owned by public bodies, and public transport is often subsidised. The Greater Wellington Regional Council is responsible for planning and subsidising public transport, and pays around $30 million for bus and train services each year. The system covers Wellington City, Lower Hutt, Upper Hutt, Porirua, the Kāpiti Coast and the Wairarapa.
2008–09 Persian Gulf Cup
The 2008–09 Persian Gulf Cup (also known as Iran Pro League) was the 26th season of Iran's Football League and eighth season of Iran Pro League since its establishment in 2001. Persepolis were the defending champions. The season featured 15 teams from the 2007–08 Persian Gulf Cup and two new teams promoted from the 2007–08 Azadegan League: Payam Mashhad as champions and Foolad. Damash replaced Pegah. The league started on 4 August 2008 and ended on 26 April 2009. Esteghlal won the Pro League title for the second time in their history (total seventh Iranian title).

Payam Khorasan F.C.
Payam Toos Khorasan Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال پيام توس خراسان, Bashgah-e Futbal-e Peyam Tus Xerasan) is an Iranian football club based in Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan. They compete in the 2nd Division. The club is more commonly known as Payam Mashhad when it was based in Mashhad from 1976 to May 2011. The club was moved to Nishapur from May to November 2011, however due to lack of support in Nishapur, the club moved back to Mashhad. In April 2013 Ali Sheykh Eslami bought Payam Imam Reza Football Club  and renamed the club "Payam Vahdat Khorasan Football Club". The re-founded club, Payam Khorasan F.C., was formed in July 2021, taking its name from the year of foundation of the predecessor club and securing a place in the 2020-21 2nd Division. Ex-head coach Younes Masoudi was appointed as president and former player Mohammad Babaei was chosen as head coach.
Elbridge Trask
Elbridge Trask also known as Eldridge Trask (July 15, 1815 – June 23, 1863) was an American fur trapper and mountain man in the Oregon Country. Immortalized by a series of modern historical novels by Don Berry, he is best known as an early white settler along Tillamook Bay on the coast of the U.S. state of Oregon. The Trask River and Trask Mountain along the Northern Oregon Coast Range are also named after him.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.
Cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene)
Cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (formally a derivative of paraquat) is a molecule that belongs to the class of cyclophanes, and consists of aromatic units connected by methylene bridges. It is able to incorporate small guest molecules, and has as such plays an important role in host–guest chemistry and supramolecular chemistry.

The cyclophane is also referred to as Stoddart's blue box because its inventor, J. Fraser Stoddart, illustrates the electron-poor areas of molecules in a blue shade.

Methylene bridge
In chemistry, a methylene bridge is part of a molecule with formula −CH2−. The carbon atom is connected by single bonds to two other distinct atoms in the rest of the molecule.  A methylene bridge is often called a methylene group or simply methylene, as in "methylene chloride" (dichloromethane CH2Cl2). As a bridge in other compounds, for example in cyclic compounds, it is given the name methano. However, the term methylidene group (not to be confused with the term methylene group, nor the carbene methylidene) properly applies to the CH2 group when it is connected to the rest of the molecule by a double bond (=CH2), giving it chemical properties very distinct from those of a bridging CH2 group.
Changsha dialect
The Changsha dialect (simplified Chinese: 长沙话; traditional Chinese: 長沙話; pinyin: Chángshāhuà; IPA: [tsã˩˧sɔ˧ɣo˨˩]) is a dialect of New Xiang Chinese. It is spoken predominantly in Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, China. It is not mutually intelligible with Standard Mandarin, the official language of China.

Plosive
In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

The occlusion may be made with the tongue tip or blade ([t], [d]), tongue body ([k], [ɡ]), lips ([p], [b]), or glottis ([ʔ]). Plosives contrast with nasals, where the vocal tract is blocked but airflow continues through the nose, as in /m/ and /n/, and with fricatives, where partial occlusion impedes but does not block airflow in the vocal tract.
KK Knjaževac 1950
Košarkaški klub Knjaževac 1950 (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Књажевац 1950), commonly referred to as Knjaževac, is a men's basketball club based in Knjaževac, Serbia. They are currently competing in the First Regional League of Serbia, East Division.

The club was founded in 1950 and was named after its host city.

Knjaževac
Knjaževac (Serbian Cyrillic: Књажевац, pronounced [kɲǎːʒɛʋat͡s]) is a town and municipality located in the Zaječar District of the eastern Serbia. As of 2022, the municipality has a population of 25,341 inhabitants, while the town has 16,350 inhabitants.

The town is situated between three mountains, in the geographical region of the Timok Valley bordering Bulgaria.
Mariano Duncan
Mariano Duncan Nalasco (born March 13, 1963) is a Dominican former second baseman and shortstop who played for the Los Angeles Dodgers, Cincinnati Reds, Philadelphia Phillies, New York Yankees, and Toronto Blue Jays of Major League Baseball and the Yomiuri Giants of Nippon Professional Baseball during his 12-year career. He was the infield coach and first base coach for the Los Angeles Dodgers under managers Grady Little and Joe Torre. Duncan was an MLB All-Star in 1994 and won two World Series championships as a player. He is currently manager of the Mumbai Cobras of Baseball United.

Grady Little
William Grady Little (born March 30, 1950) is an American former player and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB). He managed the Boston Red Sox from 2002 to 2003 and the Los Angeles Dodgers from 2006 to 2007. He recently served in the front office for the Pittsburgh Pirates.

In his second season with the Red Sox, Little guided the team to a record of 95–67 and an appearance in the 2003 American League Championship Series against the New York Yankees. Despite his accomplishments, Little is best remembered for his decision to leave starting pitcher Pedro Martínez in the eighth inning of Game 7 while the Red Sox held a three-run lead, and faced blame for the team's subsequent loss when the Yankees were able to tie the score and win in extra innings.
59th Japan Record Awards
The 59th Japan Record Awards was held on 30 December 2017. The Tokyo Broadcasting System Television network televised the show live from the New National Theatre Tokyo in Tokyo. Radio broadcast was through TBS Radio. The broadcast ran from 18:30 (JST) to 22:00 (JST). Yūki Amami and Shinichiro Azumi hosted the ceremony for the second time. The nominations and award winners were announced by TBS on 16 November 2017.

The 59th Japan Record Award went to idol group Nogizaka46 for their song "Influencer". This was the second consecutive win for an artist under the Sony Music Entertainment Japan label (after Kana Nishino in 2016). Tsubaki Factory won the Best New Artist Award.

The average audience rating for the second part (19:00 to 22:00) was 14.4%, down 0.1% from the previous year's broadcast.

New National Theatre Tokyo
The New National Theatre, Tokyo (NNTT) (新国立劇場, Shin Kokuritsu Gekijō) is Japan's first and foremost national centre for the performing arts, including opera, ballet, contemporary dance and drama. It is located in the Shinjuku area of Tokyo. Since 1997 more than 650 productions were staged. There are about 300 performances per season with approximately 200,000 theatergoers. The centre has been praised for its architecture and state-of-the-art modern theatre facilities, which are considered among the best in the world. In 2007, the NNTT was branded with the advertising slogan:  Opera Palace, Tokyo.
Ministry of National Security (The Bahamas)
Ministry of National Security (MNS) is the primary law enforcement and national defense agency within the Commonwealth of the Bahamas. The Ministry of National Security has responsibility for customs and immigration, defense and the national police force. Their mission is to, "defend, protect and guard the national and territorial sovereignty and integrity of The Bahamas and its citizens. Agencies located within the portfolio of the MNS include:

Royal Bahamas Defence Force

Royal Bahamas Police Force

Bahamas Customs Service

Bahamas Immigration Department

Bahamas Prison Service

Law enforcement agency
A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any government agency responsible for law enforcement within a specific jurisdiction through the employment and deployment of law enforcement officers and their resources. The most common type of law enforcement agency is the police, but various other forms exist as well, including agencies that focus on specific legal violations or are organized and overseen by certain authorities. They typically have various powers and legal rights to allow them to perform their duties, such as the power of arrest and the use of force.
Naranjito barrio-pueblo
Naranjito barrio-pueblo  is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Naranjito, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 1,157.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.

Seat of government
A seat of government is a "building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority". When referring to a city, the seat of government is generally the capital of the state or administrative entity in question, although there are exceptions. Particular terms for the seat of certain territorial subdivisions are administrative centre, county seat (common in the United States), county town (United Kingdom and Ireland), or barrio-pueblo (Puerto Rico), among others; buildings that may function as seats of government include official residences, supreme court buildings, city or town halls, administrative or executive buildings, shire or county halls, legislative buildings, and barangay halls.
Macropoliana natalensis
Macropoliana natalensis is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from forests and moist woodland from KwaZulu-Natal to Ethiopia and westwards to Cameroon, Ghana and Sierra Leone.

The length of the forewings is 55–70 mm for males and 65–75 mm for females and the wingspan is 107–126 mm.

The larvae feed on Spathodea nilotica, Spathodea campanulata, Markhamia lutea and Brachystegia species.

Brachystegia
Brachystegia is a genus of tree of the subfamily Detarioideae that is native to tropical Africa.

Trees of the genus are commonly known as miombo, and are dominant in the miombo woodlands of central and southern tropical Africa. The Zambezian region is the centre of diversity for the genus.
Bolivia–Spain relations
Bolivia–Spain relations are the current and historical relations between Bolivia and Spain. Both nations are members of the Association of Spanish Language Academies, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.

Association of Academies of the Spanish Language
The Association of Academies of the Spanish Language (Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española; ASALE) is an entity whose end is to work for the unity, integrity, and growth of the Spanish language. It was created in Mexico in 1951 and represents the union of all the separate academies in the Spanish-speaking world. The association publishes reference works on the Spanish language and commemorative editions of Hispanic literature, among other publications.
Çetinkaya railway station
Çetinkaya station (Turkish: Çetinkaya garı) is a railway station in Çetinkaya, Turkey. The station is located just west of the Çetinkaya junction, where the Çetinkaya-Malatya railway diverges from the Ankara-Kars railway.

Çetinkaya station was opened in 1936 by the Turkish State Railways.

The station consists of one side platform and two island platforms servicing three tracks, with a small freight yard of six tracks adjacent to it. TCDD Taşımacılık operates three daily intercity trains from Ankara (temporarily Irmak) to Kars, Kurtalan, and Tatvan, as well as a thrice daily regional train from Sivas to Divriği.

Divriği
Divriği (Kurdish: Dîvrîgî; Armenian: Տեւրիկ, romanized: Tevrik) is a town of eleven thousand people in Sivas Province, Turkey, and is the district capital of Divriği District. The town lies on a gentle slope on the south bank of the Çaltısuyu river, a tributary of the Karasu river which flows into the Euphrates.

The 13th century Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği are on UNESCO's World Heritage List by virtue of the exquisite carvings and architecture of both buildings. There are large iron mines nearby and the town is on the Turkish rail network.
Triatoma brasiliensis
Triatoma brasiliensis is now considered the most important Chagas disease vector in the semiarid areas of northeastern Brazil. T. brasiliensis occurs in 12 Brazilian states, including Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, and Paraíba.

T. brasiliensis is native to this part of Brazil, and thus persists in the natural environment. This species of Kissing Bug has the greatest potential to spread Chagas disease due to its distribution over large areas where numerous people reside. Triatoma species are commonly called Kissing Bugs because they bite around the mouth where skin is thinner. T. brasiliensis also has the greatest potential to colonize new areas and spread throughout northeastern parts of Brazil. This makes control problematic (see #Control below).

Piauí
Piauí (/pjaʊˈiː/, pyow-EE; pronounced [pi.aˈwi] or [pjaˈwi] ⓘ) is one of the states of Brazil, located in the country's Northeast Region. The state has 1.6% of the Brazilian population and produces 0.7% of the Brazilian GDP.

Piauí has the shortest coastline of any coastal Brazilian state at 66 km (41 mi), and the capital, Teresina, is the only state capital in the northeast to be located inland. The reason for this is, unlike the rest of the area, Piauí was first colonised inland and slowly expanded towards the ocean, rather than the other way around. In the southeast of the state, the National Park of Serra da Capivara is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The park has more than 400 archaeological sites and the largest concentration of rock paintings in the world, in a landscape dominated by canyons and caatinga.
Our Lady of Mercy with Saints and Angels
Our Lady of Mercy with Saints and Angels is a tempera on wood painting by Luca Signorelli, created c. 1490, showing Our Lady of Mercy flanked by Saint Sebastian and Bernardino of Siena. It is now in the Diocesan Museum in Pienza.

Bernardino of Siena
Bernardino of Siena, OFM (Bernardine or Bernadine; 8 September 1380 – 20 May 1444), was an Italian Catholic priest and Franciscan missionary preacher in Italy. He was a systematizer of scholastic economics.

His preaching, his book burnings, and his "bonfires of the vanities" established his reputation in his own lifetime; they were frequently directed against gambling, infanticide, sorcery/witchcraft, sodomy (male homosexuality), Jews, Gypsies, usury, and the like.

Bernardino was canonized by Pope Nicholas V in 1450 and is referred to as "the Apostle of Italy" within the Roman Catholic church for his efforts to revive the country's Catholicism during the 15th century.
Maria von Tasnady
Maria von Tasnady (16 November 1911 – 16 March 2001) was a Hungarian singer, stage and film actress. She was born as Mária Tasnádi Fekete and used a variety of other professional names including Maria De Tasnady during her career.

Von Tasnady was born to ethnically Hungarian parents in Transylvania when it was still part of Austria-Hungary. Following its transfer to Romania after World War I, she emigrated to Hungary. She was the Hungarian entrant at the 1931 Miss Europe contest, losing out to the French winner. Moving to Germany, she made her film debut in 1932.

Von Tasnady appeared in twenty five films during her career. As well as Germany, she also worked in her native Hungary and Italy where she appeared in the patriotic war film Bengasi in 1942. Following the Second World War, she was employed by Radio Free Europe. She was married to the film producer Bruno Duday.

Miss Europe 1931
Miss Europe 1931 was  the fourth annual Miss Europe which was held live in Paris and the third under French journalist ,Maurice de Waleffe. 16 European girls in Europe competed in the third annual pageant. Miss France,  Jeanne Juilla, won Miss Europe 1931.
Frieden-Bettel Government
The Frieden-Bettel Government is the incumbent government of Luxembourg. It was formed on 17 November 2023 following the 2023 election. It is led by Prime Minister Luc Frieden and Deputy Prime Minister Xavier Bettel. The government is a coalition between the Christian Social People's Party (CSV) and the Democratic Party (DP).

Coalition
A coalition is formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political, military, or economic spaces.
Sebastian Krys
Sebastian Krys (born November 11, 1970) is an Argentine-born American audio engineer, record producer and radio personality. A six-time Grammy and 13-time Latin Grammy winner, Krys has worked with many Spanish language pop and rock artists such as Percance, Sergio Dalma, Eros Ramazzotti, Sandy & Junior, Gloria Estefan, Carlos Vives, Shakira, Alejandro Sanz, Luis Fonsi, Vega, Kinky, Los Rabanes, Obie Bermúdez, Ricky Martin, Marc Anthony, Lori Meyers, Fangoria, La Santa Cecilia and Will Smith.

Kinky (band)
Kinky is a Mexican rock band, formed in 1998 as part of the Avanzada Regia musical movement and consisting of Gilberto Cerezo, Ulises Lozano, Carlos Chairez, Omar Góngora, and Cesar Pliego. Although a majority of songs are sung in Spanish, some songs contain English lyrics. Kinky were discovered and signed by Sonic360 Records.