hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arrondissement of Maaseik
The Arrondissement of Maaseik (Dutch: Arrondissement Maaseik; French: Arrondissement de Maaseik) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Limburg, Belgium. It is not a judicial arrondissement. The municipalities of Bocholt, Bree, Kinrooi, Meeuwen-Gruitrode, Dilsen-Stokkem and Maaseik, are part of the Judicial Arrondissement of Tongeren, while the rest of its municipalities are part of the Judicial Arrondissement of Hasselt.

Kinrooi
Kinrooi (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkɪnroːi]; Limburgish: Kinder) is a municipality in the Belgian province of Limburg, between Maaseik and Bree. On January 1, 2006, Kinrooi had a total population of 11,978. The total area is 54.76 km2, which gives a population density of 219 inhabitants per km2.

Kinrooi was formed on September 18, 1971, when the four municipalities Kinrooi, Kessenich, Geistingen-Ophoven and Molenbeersel were fused. There have been three mayors. The current mayor is Jo Brouns.
Culdaff Lifeboat Station
Culdaff Lifeboat Station was located at Bunnagee Port, overlooking Culdaff Bay, approximately 11 nautical miles (20 km) south-east of Malin Head, on the north-east coast of the Inishowen Peninsula, in County Donegal, Ireland.

A lifeboat station was first established at Bunnagee Port in 1892 by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI).

After operating for just 21 years, Culdaff Lifeboat Station closed in 1913.

Inishowen
Inishowen (Irish: Inis Eoghain, meaning 'island of Eoghan') is a peninsula in the north of County Donegal in Ireland. Inishowen is the most northerly peninsula on the island of Ireland.

The Inishowen peninsula includes Ireland's most northerly point, Malin Head. The Grianan of Aileach, a ringfort that served as the royal seat of the over-kingdom of Ailech, stands at the entrance to the peninsula.
Frances P. Ruane
Frances P. Ruane, MRIA, is an Irish academic economist and former director of the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) in Dublin, Ireland 2006−2015. She is recognised for her research on FDI  and its effect on host economies. She has also been a regular appointee to State and public policy boards and committees, including most recently acting as Chair of the Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland (2016-2019) and the National Competitiveness Council (since 2019).

IDA Ireland
IDA Ireland (Irish: An Ghníomhaireacht Forbartha Tionscail) is the agency responsible for the attraction and retention of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) into Ireland. The agency was founded in 1949 as the Industrial Development Authority and placed on a statutory footing a year later. In 1969 it became a non-commercial autonomous state-sponsored body. Today it is a semi-state body that plays an important role in Ireland's relationship with foreign investors, with multinationals accounting for 10.2% of employment and 66% of Irish exports. The agency partners with investors to help them to begin or expand their operations in the Irish market. It provides funding support to research and development projects, and has a number of direct support mechanisms, including employment and training grants.
William Baylies
William Baylies (September 15, 1776 – September 27, 1865) was an American lawyer and politician who served four non-consecutive terms as a U.S. representative from Massachusetts in the early to mid-19th century.

He was the brother of congressman Francis Baylies. His great-grandfather was Thomas Baylies, an ironmaster from Coalbrookdale, England, who immigrated to Boston in 1737.

Dighton, Massachusetts
Dighton is a town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 8,101 at the 2020 census. The town is located on the western shore of the Taunton River in the southeastern part of the state.
Clark Hall (politician)
Clark Hall is a Democratic politician who served in the Arkansas House of Representatives from 2007 until 2013, representing the 13th District. Hall made an unsuccessful run for the U.S. House of Representatives in 2012.
Hall served on the staff of Governor Mike Beebe from 2013 to 2014, Hall served as the mayor of Marvell, Arkansas from 2015 to 2018. Hall became Phillips County Judge in 2017.

Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.
Nandini
Nandini is a South Asian female given name. It is derived from the Sanskrit verbal root nand, which means "to rejoice, delight". Literally, nandinī means a woman who brings joy. The name also specifically refers to a daughter, as a daughter brings joy to the family. In the Hindu religion, Goddess Parvati is often addressed by this name. Nandini also refers to one of the eight eternal companions (Ashtanayika) of Goddess Parvati.

Ashta Nayika
The Ashta-Nayika is a collective name for eight types of nayikas or heroines as classified by Bharata in his Sanskrit treatise on performing arts - Natya Shastra. The eight nayikas represent eight different states (avastha) in relationship to her hero or nayaka. As archetypal states of the romantic heroine, it has been used as theme in Indian painting, literature, sculpture as well as Indian classical dance and music.
Whitehead problem
In group theory, a branch of abstract algebra, the Whitehead problem is the following question:

Is every abelian group A with Ext1(A, Z) = 0 a free abelian group?

Saharon Shelah proved that Whitehead's problem is independent of ZFC, the standard axioms of set theory.

Ext functor
In mathematics, the Ext functors are the derived functors of the Hom functor. Along with the Tor functor, Ext is one of the core concepts of homological algebra, in which ideas from algebraic topology are used to define invariants of algebraic structures. The cohomology of groups, Lie algebras, and associative algebras can all be defined in terms of Ext. The name comes from the fact that the first Ext group Ext1 classifies extensions of one module by another.

In the special case of abelian groups, Ext was introduced by Reinhold Baer in 1934. It was named by Samuel Eilenberg and Saunders MacLane in 1942, and applied to topology (the universal coefficient theorem for cohomology). For modules over any ring, Ext was defined by Henri Cartan and Eilenberg in 1956.
Cornwallis Code
The Cornwallis Code is a body of legislation enacted in 1793 by the East India Company to improve the governance of its territories in India.  The Code was developed under the guidance of Charles, Marquess 
Cornwallis, who served as Governor of Bengal from 1786 to 1793.

Company rule in India
Company rule in India (sometimes also Company Raj, from Hindi rāj, lit. 'rule') was the rule of the British East India Company on the Indian subcontinent. This is variously taken to have commenced in 1757, after the Battle of Plassey, when the Nawab of Bengal Siraj ud-Daulah was defeated and replaced with Mir Jafar, who had the support of the East India Company; or in 1765, when the Company was granted the diwani, or the right to collect revenue, in Bengal and Bihar; or in 1773, when the Company abolished local rule (Nizamat) in Bengal and established a capital in Calcutta, appointed its first Governor-General of Fort William, Warren Hastings, and became directly involved in governance.

The Company's rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the Government of India Act 1858, the India Office of the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj.
Haven Bridge
Haven Bridge is a bascule bridge over the River Yare in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, England. Constructed from cast iron and supported by stone bascules with cast iron railings, It is owned by Norfolk County Council and operated by Peel Ports. The Ice House is located nearby.

The Peel Group
The Peel Group is a British infrastructure and property investment business, based in Manchester. In 2022, its Peel Land and Property estate extends to 13 million square feet (1.2 km2) of buildings, and over 33,000 acres (13,000 ha) of land and water. Peel retains minority stakes in its former ports business and MediaCityUK.

The Trafford Centre, which opened in 1998, is widely regarded as Peel's landmark development. It was sold in 2011 to Capital Shopping Centres for £1.6 billion, making it then the most expensive acquisition in British property history. £700 million of the consideration was in shares and Peel continued to buy shares in the purchaser that went into administration, eliminating share value, in 2020.

The Peel Group held a series of other substantial investments in listed businesses including Land Securities Group plc and Pinewood Shepperton plc, and in 2022 owns 14.1% of Harworth Group plc
Naminapu Maymuru-White
Naminapu "Nami" Maymuru-White (born 1952) is a senior Yolŋu artist of North East Arnhem Land, in the Northern Territory of Australia. She is known for representing her the songlines of her clan, the Maŋgalili group, especially the stars and their reflections in the local rivers. She was invited to exhibit at the Venice Biennale in July 2024.

Songline
A songline, also called dreaming track, is one of the paths across the land (or sometimes the sky) within the animist belief systems of the Aboriginal cultures of Australia which mark the route followed by localised "creator-beings" in the Dreaming. The paths of the songlines are recorded in traditional song cycles, stories, dance, and art, and are often the basis of ceremonies.
Gmina Tereszpol
Gmina Tereszpol is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Tereszpol, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of Biłgoraj and 78 km (48 mi) south of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 144.01 square kilometres (55.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,030.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Electrostrymon joya
Electrostrymon joya, the muted hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It was described by Paul Dognin in 1895. It is found from southern Texas and Mexico to Ecuador, Peru and Tobago, as well as on the Netherlands Antilles. The habitat consists of openings and edges in tropical semideciduous river forests and second growth.

The wingspan is 24–30 mm. Adults are on wing from April to January in the tropics. There are three or more generations per year. They feed on flower nectar.

The larvae feed on the flowers of Mangifera indica and Psiguria racemosa.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica, commonly known as the mango after its fruit, is an evergreen species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is a large fruit tree, capable of growing to a height and width of 30 m (100 ft). There are two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoes – the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type".
Longstone Edge
Longstone Edge is a limestone ridge in the Peak District National Park, in Derbyshire, England.

Longstone Edge is immediately north of the village of Great Longstone, which is in turn about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of the town of Bakewell. It runs from east to west for about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi), from the village of Calver to the River Wye at Monsal Dale and is about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) wide. It rises to about 395 metres (1,296 ft) and commands far-reaching views over the Peak District.

Bakewell
Bakewell is a market town and civil parish in the Derbyshire Dales district of Derbyshire, England, known for Bakewell pudding. It lies on the River Wye, 15 miles (23 km) south-west of Sheffield. It is the largest settlement and only town within the boundaries of the Peak District National Park. At the 2011 census, the population of the civil parish was 3,949. It was estimated at 3,695 in 2019. The town is close to the tourist attractions of Chatsworth House and Haddon Hall.
Phyllodes verhuelli
Phyllodes verhuelli is a noctuoid moth in the family Erebidae, subfamily Calpinae first described by Samuel Constantinus Snellen van Vollenhoven in 1858. The species can be found in lowland forests in Sundaland, southern Myanmar and the Philippines.

Calpinae
The Calpinae are a subfamily of moths in the family Erebidae described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1840.  This subfamily includes many species of moths that have a pointed and barbed proboscis adapted to piercing the skins of fruit to feed on juice, and in the case of the several Calyptra species of vampire moths, to piercing the skins of mammals to feed on blood. The subfamily contains some large moths with wingspans longer than 5 cm (2 in).
2014 American Athletic Conference baseball tournament
The 2014 American Athletic Conference baseball tournament was held at Bright House Field in Clearwater, Florida, from May 21 through 25. The event, held at the end of the conference regular season, determined the champion of the American Athletic Conference for the 2014 season.  Houston won the round-robin tournament and received the conference's automatic bid to the 2014 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

Clearwater, Florida
Clearwater is a city in and the county seat of Pinellas County, Florida, United States, west of Tampa and north of St. Petersburg. To the west of Clearwater lies the Gulf of Mexico and to the southeast lies Tampa Bay. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 117,292. It is the smallest of the three principal cities in the Tampa–St. Petersburg–Clearwater metropolitan area, most commonly referred to as the Tampa Bay area.

Clearwater Beach is part of the city of Clearwater, but is separated from it by the Intracoastal Waterway. Cleveland Street is one of the city's historic avenues, and the city includes BayCare Ballpark and Coachman Park.

The Church of Scientology owns the majority of property in the Clearwater downtown core district.
John Jonston
John Jonston or Johnston (Polish: Jan Jonston; Latin: Joannes or Johannes Jonstonus or Johnstonus; 15 September 1603 – c. 1675) was a Polish scholar and physician, descended from Scottish nobility and closely associated with the Polish magnate Leszczyński family. The standard author abbreviation Jonst. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Linda Hall Library
The Linda Hall Library is a privately endowed American library of STEM subjects located in Kansas City, Missouri, on the grounds of a 14-acre (5.7 ha) urban arboretum. It claims to be the "largest independently funded public library of science, engineering and technology in North America" and "among the largest science libraries in the world" with half a million items in its collection, as of 2009.
Early life and career of Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States, was involved in politics from his early adult years. This article covers his early life and career, through his writing the Declaration of Independence, participation in the American Revolutionary War, serving as governor of Virginia, and election and service as Vice President to President John Adams.

Born into the planter class of Virginia, Jefferson was highly educated and valued his years at the College of William and Mary. He became an attorney and planter, building on the estate and 20–40 slaves inherited from his father.

Goochland County, Virginia
Goochland County is a county located in the Piedmont of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Its southern border is formed by the James River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,727. Its county seat is Goochland.

Goochland County is included in the Greater Richmond Region.
Ancistrus leucostictus
Ancistrus leucostictus is a species of armored catfish native to Guyana where it is found in the Essequibo River basin. There have been reports that it may also be found in French Guiana and Suriname. This species grows to a length of 10.0 centimetres (3.9 in) SL.

Essequibo River
The Essequibo River (Spanish: Río Esequibo; originally called by Alonso de Ojeda; Río Dulce) is the largest river in Guyana, and the largest river between the Orinoco and Amazon. Rising in the Acarai Mountains near the Brazil–Guyana border, the Essequibo flows to the north for 1,014 km (630 mi) through forest and savanna into the Atlantic Ocean. It has a total drainage basin of 156,828 km2 (60,552 mi2) and an average discharge of 154 to 178 km³/year.

Territory near the river is argued over by Venezuela and Guyana. The river is administered by Guyana after being previously colonized by the British. Historically, Venezuela has claimed the Essequibo River as their most eastern border, though in practice it was under Dutch control.
Calling All Cars!
Calling All Cars! is a 2007 vehicular combat video game developed by Incognito Entertainment and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for PlayStation 3. It was released on the PlayStation Network. It was also included for free with a 1-year subscription to Qore.

Incognito Entertainment
Incognito Entertainment (formerly Incognito Studios and Incog Inc. Entertainment) was an American video game developer headquartered  in Salt Lake City. It was acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment in 2002, making it a first-party developer until its dissolution in 2009.
Bobrovsky (surname)
Bobrovsky  (Russian: Бобровский, feminine: Bobrovskaya, Russian: Бобровская) is a Russian surname. Bobrovský (feminine: Bobrovská) is a Czech surname. Bobrovskyi  (feminine: Bobrovska) is a Ukrainian surname. They are ultimately derived from the Russian and Ukrainian word бобер (bober) and the Czech word bobr, meaning 'beaver' and phonetic transliteration of the Polish surname Bobrowski. Notable people with the surname include:

Cecilia Bobrovskaya (1873–1960), Russian revolutionary and memoirist

Elena Bobrovskaya (born 1975), Kyrgyz athlete

Jan Bobrovský (born 1945), Czech basketball player

Sergei Bobrovsky (born 1988), Russian ice-hockey player

Solomiia Bobrovska (born 1989), Ukrainian politician and civic activist

Vladimir Bobrovsky (1873–1924), Russian Bolshevik revolutionary

Zdeněk Bobrovský (1933–2014), Czech basketball player

Bobrowski
Bobrowski (Polish pronunciation: [bɔˈbrɔfski]; feminine: Bobrowska; plural: Bobrowscy) is a Polish-language surname. Variants of the name are also common in Belarus, Ukraine and Russia. It is a toponymic surname derived from the placenames Bobrowa, or Bobrowo. The placenames are derived from the noun bobrъ ("beaver" in Slavic languages).

Notable people with the name include:

Alicja Bobrowska (1936–2025), Polish model and actress, Miss Polonia in 1957

Czesław Bobrowski (1904–1996), Polish economist

Johannes Bobrowski (1917–1965), German poet

Stefan Bobrowski (1840–1863), Polish politician

Szymon Bobrowski (born 1972), Polish actor

Tadeusz Bobrowski (1829–1894), Polish social activist
Posterior compartment of thigh
The posterior compartment of the thigh is one of the fascial compartments that contains the knee flexors and hip extensors known as the hamstring muscles, as well as vascular and nervous elements, particularly the sciatic nerve.

Fascial compartments of thigh
The fascial compartments of thigh are the three fascial compartments that divide and contain the thigh muscles. The fascia lata is the strong and deep fascia of the thigh that surrounds the thigh muscles and forms the outer limits of the compartments. Internally the muscle compartments are divided by the lateral and medial intermuscular septa.

The three groups of muscles contained in the compartments have their own nerve supply:
Urban fantasy
Urban fantasy is a subgenre of fantasy, placing supernatural elements in a contemporary urban-affected setting. The combination provides the writer with a platform for classic fantasy tropes, quixotic plot-elements, and unusual characters—without demanding the creation of an entire imaginary world.

Precursors of urban fantasy are found in popular fiction of the 19th century and the present use of the term dates back to the 1970s. Much of its audience was established in the 1930s–50s with the success of light supernatural fare in film and, later, television. The genre's current publishing popularity began in 1980s North America, as writers and publishers were encouraged by the success of Stephen King and Anne Rice.

Harper's Weekly
Harper's Weekly, A Journal of Civilization was an American political magazine based in New York City. Published by Harper & Brothers from 1857 until 1916, it featured foreign and domestic news, fiction, essays on many subjects, and humor, alongside illustrations. It carried extensive coverage of the American Civil War, including many illustrations of events from the war. During its most influential period, it was the forum of the political cartoonist Thomas Nast.
Hsp17 thermometer
In molecular biology, the Hsp17 thermometer is an RNA element (RNA thermometer) found in the 5' UTR of Hsp17 mRNA. Hsp17 is a cyanobacterial heat shock protein belonging to the Hsp20 family.

At physiological temperature (28 degrees Celsius) the Hsp17 thermometer forms a hairpin structure, preventing translation of Hsp17. Under heat shock conditions the hairpin structure melts and translation takes place.

Short hairpin RNA
A short hairpin RNA or small hairpin RNA (shRNA/Hairpin Vector) is an artificial RNA molecule with a tight hairpin turn that can be used to silence target gene expression via RNA interference (RNAi). Expression of shRNA in cells is typically accomplished by delivery of plasmids or through viral or bacterial vectors. shRNA is an advantageous mediator of RNAi in that it has a relatively low rate of degradation and turnover. However, it requires use of an expression vector, which has the potential to cause side effects in medicinal applications.

The promoter choice is essential to achieve robust shRNA expression. At first, polymerase III promoters such as U6 and H1 were used; however, these promoters lack spatial and temporal control. As such, there has been a shift to using polymerase II promoters, which are inducible, to regulate shRNA expression.