hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think
Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think is a non-fiction book on advancing the human condition authored by Peter H. Diamandis and Steven Kotler that was published in 2012. Diamandis is otherwise primarily known for founding the X Prize Foundation, a nonprofit effort based around scientific competitions, and Kotler is otherwise known both as a journalist and as a writer of previous works.

The writers refer to the work's title as signifying a future in which nine billion people have access to clean water, food, energy, health care, housing, education, and everything else that is necessary for a fully meaningful standard of living, this occurring due to rapid developments in technological innovation causing economic progress during the decades of the 2010s and 2020s.

Critical praise came from the U.S. publications Christian Science Monitor and Time.

Xprize Foundation
XPRIZE Foundation is a non-profit organization that designs and hosts public competitions intended to encourage technological development. The XPRIZE mission is to bring about "radical breakthroughs for the benefit of humanity" through incentivized competition. It aims to motivate individuals, companies, and organizations to develop ideas and technologies.

The Ansari X Prize relating to spacecraft development was awarded in 2004, intended to inspire research and development into technology for space exploration.
Michelangelo (song)
"Michelangelo", written by Bengt Palmers and Björn Skifs, is a Swedish song performed by Björn Skifs, reaching fifth place in Melodifestivalen 1975, the Swedish qualification competition for the Eurovision Song Contest that year. The song is about trying to call Michelangelo Buonarroti to find out how he created his works of art.

The song was released by Skifs on the single-disc EMI 4E 006–35180. Arranger and producer was Bengt Palmers. It was also on the LP Schiffz! (EMI 062–34990). In Sweden, the song held the number one spot on Svensktoppen for seven weeks, while it peaked at number seven on the VG-lista, the Norwegian Singles chart.

VG-lista
VG-lista is the primary Norwegian record chart, charting albums and singles from Norwegian and international artists. It is presented weekly in the newspaper VG. The data is collected by Nielsen Soundscan International and based on the sales in approximately 100 shops in Norway. The singles chart started as a top 10 chart in week 42 of 1958 and was expanded to a top 20 chart in week 5 of 1995, the same time as the albums chart, which started as a top 20 chart in week 1 of 1967, was expanded to a top 40 chart. It expanded even further into a top 100 chart in week 14 of 2025.
Michigan's 45th House of Representatives district
Michigan's 45th House of Representatives district (also referred to as Michigan's 45th House district) is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives located in part of Kalamazoo, Calhoun, and Jackson counties. The district was created in 1965, when the Michigan House of Representatives district naming scheme changed from a county-based system to a numerical one.

Jackson County, Michigan
Jackson County is located in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population of the county was 160,366 as of the 2020 census. Its seat of government is the city of Jackson. The county was set off in 1829 and organized in 1832. It is named for U.S. President Andrew Jackson and considered to be one of Michigan's "Cabinet counties", named for members of Jackson's Cabinet. Jackson County comprises the Jackson, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Jackson County Courthouse was designed by Claire Allen, a prominent southern Michigan architect. Jackson County is also home to the Michigan Whitetail Hall of Fame.
Kanamachi, Tokyo
Kanamachi (金町) is a district of Katsushika, Tokyo, Japan.

Kanamachi is the residential district to the south of Kanamachi Station. Kanamachi in a broader sense may also include Higashikanamachi, to the north of the station.

Katsushika
Katsushika (葛飾区, Katsushika-ku; Japanese pronunciation: [ka.tsɯꜜ.ɕi̥.ka, ka.tsɯ.ɕi̥.kaꜜ.kɯ]) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. It is known as Katsushika City in English.

As of May 1, 2015, the ward has an estimated population of 444,356, and a population density of 12,770 people per km2. The total area is 34.80 km2.
The Islington
The Islington is a live music venue located at 1 Tolpuddle Street, London, England, Prior to new ownership it was called the "North One".

It has become a known venue for national and international touring acts. The venue booking schedule has hosted notable performances from Thurston Moore, Jeffrey Lewis, Matthew Caws(Nada Surf), Ethan Johns Jamie Lawson, Sarah Neufeld (Arcade Fire), Ward Thomas, The Magic Numbers, Minor Alps, Lisa Mitchell, Whyte Horses, Max Cooke, The High Llamas, Cara Dillon, The Barr Brothers, Jamie Lenman, Ben Taylor and Yasmine Hamdan. The venue has hosted profile book launches from David Hepworth, Paul Morley Hunter Davies, Jon Savage

The Barr Brothers
The Barr Brothers is an indie folk band founded in Montreal, Quebec in 2006, consisting of two American brothers Andrew (drums, percussion, vocals, keyboards) and Brad Barr (guitar, vocals), pedal steel guitarist Brett Lanier, and harpist Eveline Gregoire-Rousseau.
I Love Beijing Tiananmen
"I Love Beijing Tiananmen" (Chinese: 我爱北京天安门; pinyin: Wǒ ài Běijīng Tiān'ānmén), is a children's song from the Cultural Revolution period of China that appears in the first volume of the state-compiled anthology New Songs of the Battlefield (1972–1976). The song is credited to composer Jin Yueling and lyricist Jin Guolin and is frequently cited as a classic example of Cultural Revolution children’s repertoire.

Children's music
Children's music or kids' music is music composed and performed for children. In European-influenced contexts this means music, usually songs, written specifically for a juvenile audience. The composers are usually adults.

Children's music are a related genre of music, often developed from and related to rhymes and rhymes.

Children's music has historically held both entertainment and educational functions. Children's music is often designed to provide an entertaining means of teaching children about their culture, other cultures, good behavior, facts and skills. Many are folk songs, but there is a whole genre of educational music that has become increasingly popular.
2nd United States Colored Infantry Regiment
The 2nd United States Colored Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was composed of African American enlisted men commanded by white officers and was authorized by the Bureau of Colored Troops which was created by the United States War Department on May 22, 1863.

Bureau of Colored Troops
The Bureau of Colored Troops was created by the United States War Department on May 22, 1863, under General Order No. 143, during the Civil War, to handle "all matters relating to the organization of colored troops." Major Charles Warren Foster was chief of the Bureau, which reported to Adjutant General Lorenzo Thomas. The designation United States Colored Troops replaced the varied state titles that had been given to the African-American soldiers.
Mississippi Legislature
The Mississippi Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The bicameral Legislature is composed of the lower Mississippi House of Representatives, with 122 members, and the upper Mississippi State Senate, with 52 members. Both representatives and senators serve four-year terms without term limits. The Legislature convenes at the Mississippi State Capitol in Jackson.

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.
Jens Høyrup
Jens Egede Høyrup (born 1943) is a Danish historian of mathematics, specializing in pre-modern and early modern mathematics, particularly ancient Mesopotamian mathematics. He is known for his interpretation of what has often been referred to as Old Babylonian "algebra" as consisting of concrete, geometric manipulations.

Old Babylonian Empire
The Old Babylonian Empire, or First Babylonian Empire, is dated to c. 1894–1595 BC, and comes after the end of Sumerian power with the destruction of the Third Dynasty of Ur, and the subsequent Isin-Larsa period. The chronology of the first dynasty of Babylonia is debated; there is a Babylonian King List A and also a Babylonian King List B, with generally longer regnal lengths. In this chronology, the regnal years of List A are used due to their wide usage.
Antioch Daily Ledger
The Antioch Daily Ledger was a weekly newspaper based in Antioch, California, United States. Founded in 1870 as the Antioch Ledger, the Daily Ledger was Contra Costa County's largest newspaper until it was replaced by the Contra Costa Times. It was also Antioch's largest newspaper. The daily newspaper is published three days a week (Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday) as weekly community supplements of the Contra Costa Times.

Contra Costa County, California
Contra Costa County (/ˌkɒntrə ˈkɒstə/ ⓘ; Contra Costa, Spanish for 'Opposite Coast') is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,165,927. The county seat is Martinez. It occupies the northern portion of the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area and is primarily suburban. The county's name refers to its position on the other side of the bay from San Francisco. Contra Costa County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
GIFT (file format)
The GIFT (General Import Format Template) format is a "wiki-like" markup language for describing tests, originally proposed by Paul Shew in 2003. It is associated with the Moodle course management system.

Moodle
Moodle (/ˈmuːdəl/ MOO-dəl) is a free and open-source learning management system written in PHP and distributed under the GNU General Public License. Moodle is used for blended learning, distance education, flipped classroom and other online learning projects in schools, universities, workplaces and other sectors.

Moodle is used to create custom websites with online courses and allows for community-sourced plugins.
Lin Tzu-yu
Lin Tzu-yu (born 23 June 2000) is a Taiwanese para table tennis player. She represented Chinese Taipei at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in the women's doubles WD20 event, where she reached the finals with Tien Shiau-wen. She previously won three medals (two gold, one silver) at the 2023 Asian Para Games.

2022 Asian Para Games
The 2022 Asian Para Games (Chinese: 2022年亚洲残疾人运动会; pinyin: 2022nían yàzhōu cánjírén yùndònghuì), also known as the 4th Asian Para Games and commonly known as the Hangzhou 2022 Asian Para Games, were a multi-sport event that paralleled the 2022 Asian Games which was held for Asian athletes with disabilities in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China from 22 to 28 October 2023. Hangzhou was the second Chinese city to host the Asian Para Games, after Guangzhou in 2010.

Originally scheduled to take place from 9 to 15 October 2022, the event was postponed to 2023 on 17 May 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic as a result of the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo postponement to 2021.
Slavne, Kalmiuske Raion, Donetsk Oblast
Slavne (Ukrainian: Славне; Russian: Славное) is a village in Kalmiuske Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at 27.53 kilometres (17.11 mi) southwest (SW) from the centre of Donetsk city.

In 2020, as part of the reform of administrative districts in Ukraine, Slavne was transferred from Marinka Raion to the newly created Kalmiuske Raion. Until the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Slavne was the only locality in Kalmiuske Raion under Ukrainian government control.

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Nabil Baalbaki
Nabil Ali Baalbaki (Arabic: نَبِيل عَلِيّ بَعْلَبَكِّيّ; born 27 May 1978) is a Lebanese football coach and former player who is a coach for youth teams at Lebanese Premier League club Safa. He played as a defensive midfielder for the Lebanon national team.

Lebanese FA Cup
The Lebanon Cup (Arabic: كأس لبنان), commonly known as the Lebanese FA Cup, is an annual knockout football competition in domestic Lebanese football.

In the first FA Cup final, held on 26 June 1938, Nahda beat Hilmi-Sport 3–2 in the replay (after drawing 1–1 the first match). The most successful club in the competition is Ansar with 15 titles, followed by Nejmeh with eight. Ansar have also contested the most finals with 20, followed by Nejmeh with 17.
Jalalpur–Gujrat Road
32°35′48″N 74°07′30.6″E﻿ / ﻿32.59667°N 74.125167°E﻿ / 32.59667; 74.125167

The Jalalpur–Gujrat Road is a highway running between the Pakistani cities of Gujrat and Jalalpur Jattan. It connects Gujrat with Jalalpure Jattan, Tanda, Chamb  Azad Kashmir.

Gujrat is disengaged with north by a rivulet on its northern border whereas Jalalpur Jattan is detached with south by another rivulet on its southern border. In between these two cities are villages of Moin Ud Din Pur, Sook Kalan, Sook Khurd, Shah Jahanian, Kala Chak, Hardas Pur, Kot Ameer Hussain, Hafiz Hayat, Hayat Garh, Ikhlas Garh, Maroof, and Kheewa etc. The road connects these villages with the district. The main campus of University of Gujrat and Nawaz Sharif Medical College located in Hafiz Hayat, are connected with Gujrat through this road.

Sook Kalan
32°35′48″N 74°08′40″E﻿ / ﻿32.59667°N 74.14444°E﻿ / 32.59667; 74.14444

Sook Kalan (Urdu: سوک کلاں; Punjabi: سوکے) is a village in Gujrat District, Pakistan. It is located near the Beowali village and about 5 kilometers north of Gujrat city.
John Giles (priest)
Archdeacon  John Douglas Giles  (28 November 1812 – 5 February 1867) was an Anglican priest who was Archdeacon of Stow from 1862 until his death.

Giles was born in  Wedmore  and educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford.  He held livings at Swinstead, Belleau and Willoughby.

In 1845, he married Sarah Elizabeth Allen. They had at least seven children, including civil servants Robert Giles CIE JP and Edward Giles CIE who both served in British India.

He died in Willoughby, aged 54.

Swinstead
Swinstead is a village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 5 miles (8.0 km) west from Bourne, 9 miles (14.5 km) north from Stamford and 11 miles (17.7 km) south-east from Grantham. It is a village of just over 100 households, the population of the civil parish being measured at 234 in the 2011 census.

Swinstead parish church is dedicated to St Mary. The village's last public house closed in 2008, and the nearest amenities are 2 miles (3.2 km) away at Corby Glen. Adjacent villages include Creeton, Swayfield and Grimsthorpe.

England international footballer Beaumont Jarrett was vicar of Swinstead from 1883 to 1895.

In William Shakespeare's King John, King John stayed in "Swinsted Abbey", but it is Swineshead Abbey that he stayed in: this confusion was common in late-sixteenth century texts, for Swinstead is about 25 miles from Swineshead.
Ferrybank, Waterford
Ferrybank (Irish: Port an Chalaidh) is a suburb of Waterford City in Ireland. Much of Ferrybank, or "the village" as it is referred to locally, is under the political jurisdiction of Waterford City and County Council and thus an area of administration for Waterford City, on the northern bank of the River Suir, extending into County Waterford. However, some parts of Ferrybank extend into County Kilkenny and are administered by Kilkenny County Council. There has been a long-lasting boundary dispute between both jurisdictions, with debates and proposals ongoing for many decades.

County Waterford
County Waterford (Irish: Contae Phort Láirge) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Waterford. Waterford City and County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county at large, including the city, was 127,363 according to the 2022 census. The county is based on the historic Gaelic territory of the Déise. There is an Irish-speaking area, Gaeltacht na nDéise, in the southwest of the county.
Indian Idol Junior
Indian Idol Junior is an Indian Hindi-language reality television singing competition and is a spin-off of Indian Idol. It began broadcasting on Sony Entertainment Television from 1 June 2013. Karan Wahi and Mandira Bedi hosted the show, which was judged by music duo Vishal–Shekhar along with playback singer Shreya Ghoshal.  Anjana Padmanabhan won the first edition of Indian Idol Junior.

A second season started on 30 May 2015. The new judges were Salim Merchant and Sonakshi Sinha, while Vishal Dadlani reprised his role as the judge. The show was hosted by Hussain Kuwajerwala and co-hosted by Asha Negi. Ananya Sritam Nanda was the winner for the second season.

A third season started in August. The judges of this season were Anu Malik and Sonakshi Sinha, while Vishal Dadlani reprised his role as the judge. The show was hosted by Manish Paul and co-hosted by Asha Negi.

Maniesh Paul
Maniesh Paul (born 3 August 1981) is an Indian actor, tv host, anchor, model and singer. Starting his career as an RJ and VJ, he moved to acting before taking up stand-up comedy and hosting. Paul is recognized as one of the most prominent television anchors and hosts of his generation, celebrated for his charisma, versatility, and engaging presentation style.
Apple Configurator
Apple Configurator 2 is an application developed by Apple and is available for free download on the Mac App Store. It was first launched in 2012. It replaces the Apple Configurator, which was first launched in March 2012, and iPhone Configuration Utility.

The application allows for mass-configuration of  iOS, iPadOS and tvOS devices for business and educational organizations.  It provides remote management by an IT administrator to help set up and maintain standard configuration and software across a number of devices.

TvOS
tvOS (formerly Apple TV Software) is an operating system developed by Apple for the Apple TV, a digital media player. In the first-generation Apple TV, Apple TV Software was based on Mac OS X. The software for the second-generation and later Apple TVs is based on the iOS operating system and has many similar frameworks, technologies, and concepts.

The second- and third-generation Apple TV have several built-in applications, but do not support third-party applications.

On September 9, 2015, Apple announced the fourth-generation Apple TV, with support for third-party applications. Apple also changed the name of the Apple TV operating system to tvOS, adopting the camel case nomenclature that they were using for their other operating systems, iOS, watchOS, and (later, in 2016) macOS.

The latest version, tvOS 26, was released on September 15, 2025.
Lamorinda
Lamorinda is an area within Contra Costa County, California in the United States. The name is a portmanteau derived from the three cities that make up the region: Lafayette, Moraga and Orinda.

Lamorinda is located east of the Berkeley Hills, between the Caldecott Tunnel and Walnut Creek. It is often referred to as the "Highway 24" corridor, referring to the state highway that is the primary thoroughfare in the region. Many residents commute west through the tunnel to San Francisco and Oakland or east to Walnut Creek and Concord.

As of 2010, the three cities had a combined population of 57,552, with Lafayette having the largest population and Moraga the smallest.

Walnut Creek, California
Walnut Creek is a city in Contra Costa County, California, United States, located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, about 16 miles (26 kilometers) east of the city of Oakland, California and 25 miles (40 kilometers) east of San Francisco. Walnut Creek has a total population of 70,127 per the 2020 census, is located at the junction of the highways from Sacramento, California and San Jose, California (I-680) and San Francisco/Oakland (SR-24), and is accessible by BART. The city shares its borders with Clayton, California, Lafayette, California, Alamo, California, Pleasant Hill, California, and Concord, California.
Kardzhali Hydroelectric Power Station
The Kardzhali Hydro Power Plant (Bulgarian: ВЕЦ Кърджали) is an active hydro power near Kardzhali, southern Bulgaria constructed on the dam of the same name on the river Arda. It has 4 turbines with a total output of 122,4 MW

The construction of the Hydro Power Plant started in 1957 and was completed in 1963. In 1976, additional fortifications to strengthen the left bank were constructed.

In 1985, a mural by the artist Nikolay Turkedzhiev was added to the turbine hall of the power plant.

The dam underwent repairs and was upgraded in the period from 2007 to 2010. During the course of the modernization efforts, a fourth turbine was installed, raising the total energy output from 106,4 MW to 122,4 MW.

Together with the Ivailovgrad HPP and Studen Kladenets HPP, Kardzhali HPP forms the Dolna Arda Hydro Cascade with total capacity of 331 MW.

Turbine
A turbine (/ˈtɜːrbaɪn/ or /ˈtɜːrbɪn/) (from the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, or Latin turbo, meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical power when combined with a generator. A turbine is a turbomachine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor.

Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery.
Banana virus X
Banana virus X (BVX) is a plant virus that infects members of the genus Musa. Its genome is about 2,900 nucleotides in length and contains five open reading frames that encode for a replication-associated protein, a movement-associated triple gene block and a capsid protein. A polyvalent degenerate oligonucleotide reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PDO-RT-PCR) assay has been developed to detect BVX nucleic acid in infected leaves. The virus was originally discovered in Guadeloupe.

Musa (genus)
Musa is one of three genera in the family Musaceae. The genus includes 83 species of flowering plants producing edible bananas and plantains (also known as cooking bananas), and fiber (abacá), used to make paper and cloth. Though they grow as high as trees, banana and plantain plants are not woody and their apparent "stem" is made up of the bases of the huge leaf stalks. Thus, they are technically gigantic herbaceous plants.