hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve
Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve is a protected area which encompasses most of the Suikerbosrand Range, South Africa. It is one of Gauteng's most frequented ecotourism locations,  located approximately 50 kilometres south-east of Johannesburg, just west of the town of Heidelberg in the upper catchment of the Klip and Suikerbosrand rivers. The altitude varies between 1,545 and 1,917 m (5,069 and 6,289 ft) above sea level.

The reserve, which is 134 km2 (52 sq mi), hosts a representative sample of the fauna and flora of the rocky highveld grassland biome. Its boundaries include hiking trails, and tarred circular route for motorists.

Suikerbosrand River
The Suikerbosrand River (Afrikaans: Suikerbosrandrivier) is a tributary of the Vaal River that flows from Leandra in Mpumalanga, westwards through Gauteng to Vereeniging in South Africa. Its mouth is on the northern banks of the Vaal on the Gauteng / Free State border in Three Rivers.
Yoon Son-ha
Yoon Son-ha (Korean: 윤손하; born November 17, 1975, Jeonju, South Korea) is a South Korean actress, singer and television personality (gaijin tarento). She is signed onto Sony Music Japan's SME Records division. Since making her debut in the MBC dramas, she has acted in Korea and Japan, probably due to her fluency in Japanese as well as in her native Korean, where she has gained popularity from starring in the Fuji TV drama, Fighting Girl with co-star Kyoko Fukada. In Japan, however, she is known as Yun Sona (ユンソナ).

Kyoko Fukada
Kyoko Fukada (深田 恭子, Fukada Kyōko; born 2 November 1982) is a Japanese actress and singer. She is represented by the agency Horipro. She won the award for Best Actress at the Yokohama Film Festival for Kamikaze Girls.
De Launay
De Launay is a French  toponymic surname, a contraction of "de l'Aunay", literally meaning "from Aunay", associated with the noble de Launay family. Variant: Delaunay. Notable people with the surname include:

Anne De Launay, a pen name of Raoul Vaneigem (born 1934), Belgian writer

Bernard-René Jourdan de Launay

Charles de Launay, Vicomte de Launay, pen names of Delphine de Girardin (1804 – 1855), French writer

Claude de Launay-Razilly

Claudio Gabriele de Launay

David de Launay

Isaac de Launay Razilly

Louis-Alexandre de Launay, comte d'Antraigues

Louis Le Provost de Launay

Marguerite de Launay, baronne de Staal

Maurice Jean Marie Boudin de Launay de Tromelin

Isaac de Razilly
Isaac de Razilly (1587–1635) was a member of the French nobility appointed a knight of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem at the age of 18. He was born at the Château d'Oiseaumelle in the Province of Touraine, France. A member of the French navy, he served for many years during which he played an important role in the French colony of Acadia in New France. He was the son of François de Razilly and Catherine de Villiers, brother of Claude de Razilly and François de Razilly.
Ouvertüre zum "Fliegenden Holländer", wie sie eine schlechte Kurkapelle morgens um 7 am Brunnen vom Blatt spielt
Ouvertüre zum „Fliegenden Holländer“, wie sie eine schlechte Kurkapelle morgens um 7 am Brunnen vom Blatt spielt (Overture to the Flying Dutchman as Sight-read by a Bad Spa Orchestra at 7 in the Morning by the Well) is a musical parody for string quartet by Paul Hindemith, based on the overture to The Flying Dutchman by Richard Wagner. The piece dates to c. 1925 and in performance lasts approximately eight minutes.

Overture
Overture (from French ouverture, lit. "opening") is a music instrumental introduction to a ballet, opera, or oratorio in the 17th century. During the early Romantic era, composers such as Beethoven and Mendelssohn composed overtures which were independent, self-existing, instrumental, programmatic works that foreshadowed genres such as the symphonic poem. These were "at first undoubtedly intended to be played at the head of a programme".

The idea of an instrumental opening to opera existed during the 17th century. Peri's Euridice opens with a brief instrumental ritornello, and Monteverdi's L'Orfeo (1607) opens with a toccata, in this case a fanfare for muted trumpets. More important was the prologue, consisting of sung dialogue between allegorical characters which introduced the overarching themes of the stories depicted.
Pipistrel Alpha Trainer
The Pipistrel Alpha Trainer is a Slovenian two-seat, single-engine light-sport aircraft intended specifically for flight training, designed and produced by Pipistrel in Gorizia, Italy.

The Alpha was announced at the end of 2011 and production started in 2012. Based on the design of the Pipistrel Virus, it is intended to be a low-cost solution for LSA flight training both in the acquisition and operating costs, while still including a full airframe emergency recovery parachute system as standard equipment.

The electric version of the Alpha Trainer was announced in 2015, and as of January 2020, it remained the only commercially available electric airplane in the world, with the exception of electric motorgliders.

Rotax 912
The Rotax 912 is a horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, naturally-aspirated, four-stroke aircraft engine with a  reduction gearbox. It features liquid-cooled cylinder heads and air-cooled cylinders. Originally equipped with carburetors, later versions are fuel injected. Dominating the market for small aircraft and kitplanes, Rotax produced its 50,000th 912-series engine in 2014.  Originally available only for light sport aircraft, ultralight aircraft, autogyros and drones, the 912-series engine was approved for certified aircraft in 1995.
15th Genie Awards
The 15th Genie Awards were held on December 7, 1994 to honour Canadian films released that year. Actor Graham Greene hosted the ceremony.

Building on the success of its Genie specials of the last two years, the academy and the CBC produced two shows for this year's event. Genies Countdown was a one-hour preview show which aired twice before the gala; for the Quebec market, Les Grands Moments du Genie aired immediately after the show.

The 1994 year's awards were dominated by Atom Egoyan's Exotica, and Whale Music, the debut film of director Richard J. Lewis. Another newcomer, Michel Poulette, won the Claude Jutra Award for outstanding achievement for first-time direction for his film Louis 19, le roi des ondes (Louis 19, King of the Airwaves), which also won the Golden Reel Award as the year's most commercially successful film.

Graham Greene (actor)
Graham Greene CM (June 22, 1952 – September 1, 2025) was a Canadian First Nations (Oneida) actor and recording artist, active in film, television and theatre in a career spanning over 50 years. He achieved international fame for his role as Kicking Bird (Ziŋtká Nagwáka) in Kevin Costner's Dances With Wolves (1990), which earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor. His other notable films include Thunderheart (1992), Maverick (1994), Die Hard with a Vengeance (1995), The Green Mile (1999), Skins (2002), Transamerica (2005), Casino Jack (2010), Winter's Tale (2014), The Shack (2017), and Wind River (2017).

In addition to his Oscar nomination, Greene was a Grammy Award, Gemini Award, Canadian Screen Award, and a Dora Mavor Moore Award winner. In 2025, he received the Governor General's Performing Arts Award.
Michel-Marie Poulain
Michel-Marie Poulain (born 5 December 1906, Nogent-sur-Marne, died 9 February 1991, Mandelieu-la-Napoule) was a French transgender performer and self-taught painter whose work was influenced by Matisse and by Raoul and Jean Dufy, and whose style and technique were compared to those of Bernard Buffet and Marc Chagall.

Jean Anouilh
Jean Marie Lucien Pierre Anouilh (/ɑːˈnuːjə/; French: [ʒɑ̃ anuj]; 23 June 1910 – 3 October 1987)  was a French dramatist and screenwriter whose career spanned five decades. Though his work ranged from high drama to absurdist farce, Anouilh is best known for his 1944 production of Sophocles' Antigone, which, though performed without objection by censors, was nevertheless seen as an attack on Marshal Pétain's Vichy government. His plays are less experimental than those of his contemporaries, having clearly organized plot and eloquent dialogue. One of France's most prolific writers after World War II, much of Anouilh's work deals with themes of maintaining integrity in a world of moral compromise.
Maria Colombage
Romanthi Maria Colombage (born 19 May 1984) is a Sri Lankan model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss World Sri Lanka 2007 and represented Sri Lanka at Miss World 2007 in China. Colombage is one of the most successful models in Sri Lanka. She has done fashion shows in Europe and Asia.

Miss World 2007
Miss World 2007 was the 57th edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China, on December 1, 2007.

Taťána Kuchařová of the Czech Republic crowned Zhang Zilin of China as her successor at the end of the event.
Rhododendron rex
Rhododendron rex (大王杜鹃), the king rhododendron, is a tree species, usually 5–8 m (16–26 ft) in height, in the family Ericaceae. It is found in China, India, and Myanmar, where it is threatened by habitat loss. The flowers are creamy-white, or pale yellow to pink, with a crimson basal blotch. The leaves are 17–27 cm in length and are covered on the underside with an indumentum that ranges in colour from greyish to rusty brown.

The Royal Horticultural Society describes Rhododendron rex and its subspecies as very large shrubs or trees, reaching 12 m (39 ft) in cultivation. Three of them have received the RHS Award of Garden Merit:-

Rhododendron rex

Rhododendron rex subsp. fictolacteum

Rhododendron rex subsp. rex

There is a further named subspecies, Rhododendron rex subsp. gratum. All are hardy down to −15 °C (5 °F), but like most rhododendrons they require a sheltered position in dappled shade, and acid soil enriched with leaf mould.

Leaf mold
Leaf mold (spelled leaf mould outside of the United States) is the compost produced by decomposition of shaded deciduous shrub and tree leaves, primarily by fungal breakdown in a slower, cooler manner as opposed to the bacterial degradation of leaves.
David Berri
David J. Berri (born September 26, 1969) is a sports economist and professor of economics at Southern Utah University, known for his sometimes-controversial analysis of NBA basketball. He is a past president of the North American Association of Sports Economists, and a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Sports Economics and The International Journal of Sport Finance.

Journal of Sports Economics
The Journal of Sports Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by SAGE Publications in association with the North American Association of Sports Economists covering the economics of sports. It was established by economist Leo "Harold" Kahane in 2000. The editor-in-chief is Dennis Coates (University of Maryland, Baltimore).
Laurence Campbell (sculptor)
Laurence Campbell (1911–2001) was an Irish sculptor. He was the younger brother of the painter Christopher Campbell. Campbell was known for his busts for politicians and artists including Michael Collins and Maud Gonne, and his religious works. He was elected to the Royal Hibernian Academy in 1940. He also created limestone panels for buildings including the Marino vocational school and Theatre Royal, Dublin. He emigrated to the United States in the 1960s.

Maud Gonne
Maud Gonne MacBride (Irish: Maud Nic Ghoinn Bean Mhic Giolla Bhríghde; born Edith Maud Gonne; 21 December 1866 – 27 April 1953) was an Irish republican revolutionary, suffragette and actress. She was, contrary to her own claims of Anglo-Irish descent, English on the sides of both parents, and was won over to Irish nationalism by the plight of people evicted in the Land Wars. MacBride actively agitated for Home Rule and then for the republic declared in 1916. During the 1930s, as a founding member of the Social Credit Party, she promoted the distributive programme of C. H. Douglas. Gonne was well known for being the muse and long-time love interest of Irish poet W. B. Yeats.
Trees in Chinese mythology and cultural symbology
Trees in Chinese mythology and culture tend to range from more-or-less mythological such as the Fusang tree and the Peaches of Immortality cultivated by Xi Wangmu to mythological attributions to such well-known trees, such as the pine, the cypress, the plum and other types of prunus, the jujube, the cassia, and certain as yet unidentified trees. Mythological ideas about trees also extends to various types of fungi which lived or were thought to live underneath certain of these trees, collecting their mysterious essences.

Jujube
Jujube (UK /ˈdʒuːdʒuːb/; US /ˈdʒudʒub/ or /ˈdʒudʒəbiː/), sometimes jujuba, scientific name Ziziphus jujuba, and also called red date, Chinese date, and Chinese jujube, is a species in the genus Ziziphus in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. It is often confused with the closely related Indian jujube, Z. mauritiana. The jujube tolerates a diverse range of climates, from temperate to tropical. Its origin is thought to be in eastern Asia, but it has been widely dispersed through cultivation, and is today cultivated in gardens as a shrub as well as in agriculture as a food crop. Its fruit is eaten freshly harvested as well as dried and candied.
James Edward Tierney Aitchison
James Edward Tierney Aitchison MD LLD CIE FRSE FRS FRCSE (28 October 1835 – 30 September 1898) was a Scottish surgeon and botanist. He worked as British Commissioner to Ladakh, India in 1872 and collected numerous specimens from the region and published catalogues of plants including those of economic interest. The plant genus Aitchisonia was named after him by Helmsley but the name is no longer in use. In authorship he is normally known as J. E. T. Aitchison.

Aitchisonia
Aitchisonia rosea is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is a subshrub native to south-central Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. It is the sole species in genus Aitchisonia.

The species and genus were named in 1882. Based on a phylogenetic analysis, Backlund and Thulin synonymized Aitchisonia with genus Plocama, and renamed the species Plocama rosea. In 2022 Borbar et al. concluded that the specimen used in Backlund and Thulin's analysis was of Plocama dubia, and conducted a phylogenetic analysis of specimens newly collected in Iran. They confirmed the placement of Aitchisonia rosea in its own genus, and proposed a new monophyletic tribe, Aitchisonieae, to contain the genus.
Australian large optionally-crewed surface vessel program
The Australian large optionally-crewed surface vessel program (LOSV) is a procurement program of the Royal Australian Navy aimed at delivering 6 large optionally crewed arsenal ships, armed with 32 Mark 41 vertical launching system cells hosting a range of surface-to-air, land-attack, anti-ship and possibly anti-ballistic missiles. The requirement for these vessels was outlined in the 2024 Surface Fleet Review.

The vessels were speculated to be of the same class as the related American program, however in November 2025 Australian shipbuilder Austal revealed their pitch, the Vantage-class

Anti-ballistic missile
An anti-ballistic missile (ABM) is a surface-to-air missile designed to destroy in-flight ballistic missiles. They achieve this explosively (chemical or nuclear), or via hit-to-kill kinetic vehicles, which may also have self-maneuvering capabilities.

Tactical systems are widely deployed to counter short and intermediate-range ballistic missiles that carry conventional warheads.

Strategic systems, deployed by the United States, Russia, China, and Israel, are capable of intercepting intercontinental ballistic missiles, typically used to carry strategic nuclear warheads. During the Cold War, the 1972 ABM Treaty limited the nuclear arms race; excessive ICBM production would have been favoured to overwhelm ABM systems. For modern strategic systems, Russia's ABMs are the only ones that are themselves armed with nuclear warheads.
Antarctic Convergence
The Antarctic Convergence or Antarctic Polar Front is a marine belt encircling Antarctica where cold, northward-flowing Antarctic waters meet the warmer waters of the sub-Antarctic. The line, which varies in latitude seasonally, separates the clockwise Antarctic circumpolar current from other oceans.  Antarctic waters predominantly sink beneath the warmer subantarctic waters, while associated zones of mixing and upwelling create a zone very high in marine productivity, especially for Antarctic krill.

This line, like the Arctic tree line, is a natural boundary rather than an artificial one, such as the borders of nations and time zones. It not only separates two hydrological regions, but also separates areas of distinctive marine life and climates.

The Arctic has no similar boundary because of the large bodies of land contiguous with the northern polar region.

Tree line
The tree line is the edge of a habitat at which trees are capable of growing and beyond which they are not. It is found at high elevations and high latitudes. Beyond the tree line, trees cannot tolerate the environmental conditions (usually low temperatures, extreme snowpack, or associated lack of available moisture).: 51  The tree line is sometimes distinguished from a lower timberline, which is the line below which trees form a forest with a closed canopy.: 151 : 18

At the tree line, tree growth is often sparse, stunted, and deformed by wind and cold. This is sometimes known as krummholz (German for "crooked wood").: 58

The tree line often appears well-defined, but it can be a more gradual transition. Trees grow shorter and often at lower densities as they approach the tree line, above which they are unable to grow at all.: 55  Given a certain latitude, the tree line is approximately 300 to 1000 meters below the permanent snow line and roughly parallel to it.
1998 Volvo Women's Open
The 1998 Volvo Women's Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Pattaya, Thailand that was part of Tier IV of the 1998 WTA Tour. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and was held from 16 November through 22 November 1998. Second-seeded Julie Halard-Decugis won the singles title and earned $17,700 first-prize money.

WTA Tier IV tournaments
The WTA Tier IV tournaments were Women's Tennis Association fourth-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled. Some of the tournaments became Tier V events between 1990 and 1992, and later from 2001 to 2005, before being integrated back into Tier IV.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed the tournament categories, so that most of the Tier III and Tier IV tournaments from 2008 were in one category, WTA International tournaments.
1980–81 Isthmian League
The 1980–81 season was the 66th season of the Isthmian League, an English football competition.

Slough Town were champions, winning their first Isthmian League title. Though, there was no promotion from the Isthmian League to the Alliance Premier League till 1985, at the end of the season two Premier Division clubs - Dagenham and Enfield were accepted to the APL. Billericay Town finished second in Division One achieving the second promotion in a row. Willesden folded at the end of the season.

Isthmian League
The Isthmian League (/ˈɪs(θ)miən/) is a regional football league covering Greater London, East and South East England, featuring mostly semi-professional clubs. Together with the Southern Football League and the Northern Premier League it forms levels seven and eight of the English football league system.

Founded in 1905 by amateur clubs in the London area, the league now consists of 88 teams in four divisions: the Premier Division above its three feeder divisions, the North, South Central and South East divisions.
Together with the Southern League and the Northern Premier League, it forms the seventh and eighth levels of the English football league system. It has various regional feeder leagues and the league as a whole is a feeder league mainly to the National League South.
Roger Lumont
Roger Lumont (French: [ʁɔʒe lymɔ̃]; 21 February 1934 – 4 December 2025) was a French actor and artistic director.

Lumont started his career in the theatre, notably being cast in La Grosse Valse, directed by Robert Dhéry. In film, he received leading roles in the productions Chance Glory and Le Voleur de feuilles. He worked for Synchro France as an artistic director, notably on the television series A Touch of Frost and Law & Order.

Lumont died on 4 December 2025, at the age of 91.

Robert Dhéry
Robert Dhéry (French pronunciation: [ʁɔbɛʁ deʁi]; 27 April 1921 – 3 December 2004) (born Robert Léon Henri Fourrey or Robert Foullcy) was a French comedian, actor, director and screenwriter.

He was married to actress Colette Brosset, with whom he appeared onstage in La Plume de Ma Tante.

He appeared on Broadway from 1958 to 1960 in La Plume de Ma Tante, and was, along with the rest of the entire cast (Pamela Austin, Colette Brosset, Roger Caccia, Yvonne Constant, Genevieve Coulombel, Michael Kent, Jean Lefevre, Jacques Legras, Michael Modo, Pierre Olaf, Nicole Parent, Ross Parker, Henri Pennec) awarded a Special Tony Award 1959 for contribution to the theatre.
Vidalen
Vidalen is a small forested valley in Norway that runs along the border between Sør-Aurdal Municipality in Innlandet county and Ringerike Municipality (and a small part of Flå Municipality) in Buskerud county.

The river Vidøla is a small river which flows through the valley down to where it flows into the Urula river where the valley joins the Hedalen valley. From there it flows into the lake Sperillen just south of the village of Nes in Ådal. The area has traditionally been used for forestry, grazing, hunting, and fishing. The coniferous forest consists mostly of spruce. Logging has been underway in the valley for more than 300 years.

Vidalen offers a varied landscape with forests, mountains, lakes, and marshland combined with an abundance of wildlife. The Vassfaret og Vidalen landskapsvernområde is a conservation area which was established in the area during 1985. The protected areas extends approximately 50 kilometres (31 mi) from south to north.

Flå
Flå is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Flå.  The municipality of Flå was established when it was separated from Nes Municipality on 1 January 1905. The municipality lies at the most southeasterly point in the valley and traditional region of Hallingdal.
William May (Northern Ireland politician)
William Morrison May (8 April 1909 – 2 March 1962) was a unionist politician in Northern Ireland.

May was born in Letterkenny, County Donegal, the son of William May JP, and educated at Methodist College, Belfast.  In 1934 he married Olive Muriel Dickinson and had one son and two daughters - Jennifer married, firstly, Thomas Byng, the future Earl of Strafford and, subsequently, Sir Christopher Bland, Chairman of British Telecom. He served in the Royal Auxiliary Air Force from 1936–39 and in the Royal Air Force from 1939-45 as a Wing Commander.

May was a chartered accountant in the firm of Quin, Knox and Co. During the Second World War he served in the RAF and was a Member of Lloyd's from 1954.

At the 1949 Northern Ireland general election, he was elected as the Ulster Unionist Party MP for Ards.  He was appointed Minister for Education in 1957, also being raised to the Privy Council (Northern Ireland).

May died at his home, Mertoun Hall, Holywood, County Down in 1962.

Holywood, County Down
Holywood (/ˈhɒliwʊd/ HOL-ee-wuud; from Latin  Sanctus Boscus 'holy wood') is a town in the metropolitan area of Belfast in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is a civil parish and townland of 306 hectares (755 acres) lying on the shore of Belfast Lough, between Belfast and Bangor. Holywood Exchange and Belfast City Airport are nearby.