hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Basename
basename is a shell command for extracting the last name of a file path.

The command was introduced in X/Open Portability Guidelines issue 2 of 1987. It was inherited into the first version of POSIX and the Single Unix Specification. It first appeared in 4.4BSD. The version in GNU Core Utilities was written by David MacKenzie. The command is available for Windows as part of the GnuWin32 project and UnxUtils and is in IBM i.

UnxUtils
UnxUtils is a collection of utility programs that provide popular Unix-based shell commands – ported from GNU implementations as native Windows programs that depend only on Win32 and the Microsoft C-runtime (msvcrt.dll). The collection was last updated externally on April 15, 2003, by Karl M. Syring. As of December 2016, the most recent release was an open-source project at SourceForge, with the latest binary release in March, 2007 (though the files are dated 2000). The independent distribution included a main zip archive (UnxUtils.zip, 3,365,638 bytes) complemented by more recent updates (UnxUpdates.zip, 878,847 bytes, brought some binaries up to year 2003), but the SourceForge project has no UnxUpdates.zip package.

An alternative collection of Unix-based utilities for Windows is GnuWin32. It has later versions of many programs, but requires supporting files (e.g. DLLs).

Supported commands include:
International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems
The International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems (IPES-Food) is an international non-profit association, with the goal to promote transition to sustainable food systems around the world and it was registered in Belgium in the year 2015. It was founded by Daniel et Nina Carasso, Olivier De Schutter, former UN special rapporteur on the right to food, and Emile Frison, former Director General of Bioversity International to inform debates on food system reforms around the world. It conducts research focused in the domains of political economy, nutrition, climate change, ecology, agronomy, agroecology, and economics, as well as direct involvement in political processes.

Compassion in World Farming
Compassion in World Farming (CIWF) is an animal welfare organisation founded in 1967. It campaigns against the live export of animals, certain methods of livestock slaughter, and all systems of factory farming.
Liouville's formula
In mathematics, Liouville's formula, also known as the Abel–Jacobi–Liouville identity, is an equation that expresses the determinant of a square-matrix solution of a first-order system of homogeneous linear differential equations in terms of the sum of the diagonal coefficients of the system. The formula is named after the French mathematician Joseph Liouville.  Jacobi's formula provides another representation of the same mathematical relationship.

Liouville's formula is a generalization of Abel's identity and can be used to prove it. Since Liouville's formula relates the different linearly independent solutions of the system of differential equations, it can help to find one solution from the other(s), see the example application below.

System of differential equations
In mathematics, a system of differential equations is a finite set of differential equations. Such a system can be either linear or non-linear. Also, such a system can be either a system of ordinary differential equations or a system of partial differential equations.

Examples of systems of differential equations often emerge in the real world from systems that have inter-connected components that exchange quantities between each other. This could be water cascading down a set of tanks, bouncing masses connected with springs or heat transferring between different parts of a building.
Kartlazma
Kartlazma (Russian: Картлазма; Bashkir: Ҡартлаҙма, Qartlaźma) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Dmitriyevsky Selsoviet, Zilairsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 34 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Zilairsky District
Zilairsky District (Russian: Зилаи́рский райо́н; Bashkir: Йылайыр районы, Yılayır rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic and borders with Burzyansky District in the north, Baymaksky District in the east, Khaybullinsky District in the southeast and south, Zianchurinsky District in the southwest and west, and with Kugarchinsky District in the west and northwest. The area of the district is 5,773.99 square kilometers (2,229.35 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Zilair. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 16,590, with the population of Zilair accounting for 33.7% of that number.
Yves Marie Monot
Yves Marie Monot, C.S.Sp. (born 29 May 1944) is the former bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ouesso in the Republic of the Congo.

He was born in Pont-l'Abbé, France. He was professed as a member of the Holy Ghost Fathers on 8 September 1963. He was ordained a priest for the Spiritans on 9 July 1972. After his ordination, he continued studies in science and theology at the Institut Catholique de Paris.

Upon the resignation of Bishop Hervé Itoua on 22 April 2006, Monot was appointed apostolic administrator of the diocese of Ouesso. He held this position until he was appointed bishop of Ouesso on 14 June 2008. Monot was consecrated bishop of the diocese on 7 September 2008 by Cardinal Ivan Dias.

Ivan Dias
Ivan Cornelius Dias (14 April 1936 – 19 June 2017) was an Indian prelate and cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples from 2006 to 2011, Archbishop of Bombay from 1996 to 2006, and before that a papal ambassador in the Balkans, East Asia, and West Africa. He was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 2001.
Ayénouan
Ayénouan is a village in south-eastern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Adaou, Aboisso Department, Sud-Comoé Region, Comoé District.

Ayénouan was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Aboisso Department
Aboisso Department is a department of Sud-Comoé Region in Comoé District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 361,842 and its seat is the settlement of Aboisso. The sub-prefectures of the department are Aboisso, Adaou, Adjouan, Ayamé, Bianouan, Kouakro, Maféré, and Yaou.
Laurence Olivier Award for Actor of the Year in a Revival
The Laurence Olivier Award for Actor of the Year in a Revival was an annual award presented by the Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in professional London theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor and director Laurence Olivier.

This award was presented from 1976 to 1984, then in 1985 the award was combined with the Actor of the Year in a New Play award to create the Best Actor award. The original Actor of the Year in a Revival award returned one last time, for the 1988 ceremony.

1976 Laurence Olivier Awards
The 1976 Society of West End Theatre Awards were held in December 1976, at the Café Royal in London. They were the first major award ceremony celebrating excellence in West End theatre from the Society of West End Theatre, which would change its name to the Society of London Theatre in 1984 – the same year the awards would be renamed the Laurence Olivier Awards.
Cedric Mack
Cedric Manuel Mack (born September 14, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL) for the St. Louis/Phoenix Cardinals, San Diego Chargers, Kansas City Chiefs, and the New Orleans Saints.  He played football at Brazosport High School before playing college football for the Baylor Bears.

Mack is currently a high school coach and math teacher at Ridge Point High School in Houston, Texas.

Baylor Bears football
The Baylor Bears football team represents Baylor University in Division I FBS college football. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference.  After 64 seasons at the off-campus Baylor Stadium, renamed Floyd Casey Stadium in 1988, the Bears opened the new on-campus McLane Stadium for the 2014 season.
Alvin Taylor
Alvin Taylor (born March 26, 1953) is an American drummer, producer musical director, and author who is best known for his work with Elton John, Eric Burdon, George Harrison, Billy Preston, and Bob Welch.

A Whole New Thing (Billy Preston album)
A Whole New Thing is a studio album by Billy Preston, released in 1977. It was Preston's final album with A&M Records.

"Wide Stride" was released as a single in 1977 and peaked at number 33 on the US R&B chart.
Jacob Bohlander House
The Jacob Bohlander House is a historic house at 316 N. 4th Avenue in Maywood, Illinois. Jacob Bohlander, a local merchant who was Maywood's village president at the time, built the house circa 1894. The Bohlander family were among the earliest settlers of Proviso Township, and Jacob and his siblings all held positions in local government or led local businesses. The house was designed in a subtype of Queen Anne architecture known as free classical, which incorporated Neoclassical elements into the style. It includes a hexagonal tower, a rounded turret, a wraparound front porch, and multiple dormers.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 21, 1989.

Proviso Township, Illinois
Proviso Township is one of 29 townships in Cook County, Illinois, United States.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 151,209. It was organized in 1850 and originally named "Taylor", but shortly afterward its name was changed to make reference to the Wilmot Proviso, a contemporary piece of legislation intended to stop the spread of slavery.

The Proviso Township government office is located at 4565 W. Harrison Street, Hillside, IL 60162.
2010 Tour of Oman
The 2010 Tour of Oman was the first edition of the Tour of Oman cycling stage race. It was rated as a 2.1 event on the UCI Asia Tour, and held from 14 February to 19 February 2010, in Oman. The race was won by Fabian Cancellara of Team Saxo Bank.

White jersey
Numerous cycling stage races award a white jersey to signify the current leader and overall winner of a certain competition, or to signify the best young rider in the race. The most prominent of these is the Tour de France, where the jersey is known as the maillot blanc and is awarded to the best-placed rider age under 26. The use of the white jersey to recognize the best young rider in a race is its most common use, though some tours award a white jersey for a different classification.

Other stage races, besides the Tour de France, that also award a white jersey for the best young rider include:

Deutschland Tour

Giro d'Italia (known as the maglia bianca, and the cut-off is 25 years instead of 26)

Paris–Nice

Tour of California (where the cut-off is age 23 instead of 26)

Tour of Ireland
Arboretum du Mas du Rouquet
43°48′14″N 3°19′26″E﻿ / ﻿43.804°N 3.324°E﻿ / 43.804; 3.324
The Arboretum du Mas du Rouquet is an arboretum located in Pégairolles-de-l'Escalette, Hérault, Languedoc-Roussillon, France. It contains trees including Abies alba, Acer platanoides, Buxus sempervirens, Carpinus betulus, Cedrus atlantica, Fraxinus excelsior, Pinus laricio, Pinus nigra austriaca, Pinus sylvestris, Populus alba, and Ulmus campestris.

Carpinus betulus
Carpinus betulus, the European or common hornbeam, is a species of tree in the birch family Betulaceae, native to Western Asia and central, eastern, and southern Europe, including southern England. It requires a warm climate for good growth, and occurs only at elevations up to 1,000 metres (3,300 ft). It grows in mixed stands with oak, and in some areas beech, and is also a common tree in scree forests. Hornbeam was also known as yoke elm. Together with Carpinus orientalis and Carpinus austrobalcanica, it is one of the three hornbeams found in Europe.
Félix Ynduráin Muñoz
Félix Ynduráin Muñoz (born January 18, 1946) is a Spanish condensed matter physicist and Professor at the Autonomous University of Madrid. He has more than 120 research papers published. Some of the centers where he has worked are the University of Cambridge, the University of California, Berkeley, the Thomas J. Watson Research Center, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Paris-Sud and the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research.

His research is currently focused on properties of point and extended defects in graphene and its derivatives, electronic structure and electron-phonon interaction in iron-based superconductors of high critical temperature, and on clathrate hydrates as storage of methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, etc.

Thomas J. Watson Research Center
The Thomas J. Watson Research Center is the headquarters for IBM Research. Its main laboratory is in Yorktown Heights, New York, 38 miles (61 km) north of New York City. It also operates facilities in Cambridge, Massachusetts and Albany, New York.
Saxon (given name)
Saxon is the given name of:

Saxon Gregory-Hunt (born 1993), New Zealander competitive weightlifter

Saxon W. Holt (1871-1940), American politician from Virginia

Saxon Huxley (born 1988), British professional wrestler

Saxon Jenkins (1907-1989), Welsh landscape painter

Saxon Judd (1919–1990), American football player

Saxon McEwan, Scottish rugby football player

Saxon Rice (born 1976), Australian politician

Saxon Sharbino (born 1999), American actress

Saxon Sydney-Turner (1880-1962), member of the Bloomsbury Group

Saxon White (born 1934), American medical researcher and academic and former rugby union player

Saxon Rice
Saxon Rice (born 15 June 1976) is an Australian Liberal National politician who was the member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland for Mount Coot-tha from 2012 to 2015, having defeated Deputy Premier and Treasurer Andrew Fraser at the 2012 state election. She was appointed Assistant Minister for Technical and Further Education on 3 April 2012.

Rice has a Master of International Law from the Australian National University and a Bachelor of Economics from Sydney University.
Angus MacDonald Morton
Angus MacDonald Morton (November 14, 1871 – October 26, 1944) was a physician, surgeon, and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Halifax County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1928 to 1933 as a Liberal Conservative member.

Morton was born in 1871 at Middlefield, Nova Scotia to Allan Morton and Lydia Anne Blenus. He was educated at Dalhousie University, completing an Doctor of Medicine in 1898. He married Bessie Amelia Reid on September 25, 1900. He served as a Halifax County councillor from 1914 to 1919. Morton died in 1944 at Halifax, Nova Scotia.

He was elected in the 1928 Nova Scotia general election and was unsuccessful in the 1933 Nova Scotia general election in Halifax West.

Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia
The Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia, more commonly known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia, is a political party in Nova Scotia, Canada. Like most conservative parties in Atlantic Canada, it has been historically associated with the Red Tory faction of Canadian conservatism. The party is currently led by Pictou East MLA Tim Houston. The party won a majority government in the 2021 provincial election. He called a snap election in 2024, increasing his party's majority mandate. The Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia and the Conservative Party of Canada are two separate entities.
Rain (1932 film)
Rain is a 1932 pre-Code drama film that stars Joan Crawford as prostitute Sadie Thompson. Directed by Lewis Milestone and set in the South Seas, the production was filmed in part at Santa Catalina Island and what became Crystal Cove State Park in California. The film also features Walter Huston in the role of a conflicted missionary who insists that Sadie end her evil ways, but whose own moral standards and self-righteous behavior steadily decay. Crawford was loaned out by MGM to United Artists for this film.

The plot of the film is based on the 1922 play Rain by John Colton and Clemence Randolph, which in turn was based on the 1921 short story "Miss Thompson" (later retitled "Rain") by W. Somerset Maugham. Actress Jeanne Eagels had played the role on stage.  Other movie versions of the story include: a 1928 silent film titled Sadie Thompson starring Gloria Swanson, and Miss Sadie Thompson (1953), which starred Rita Hayworth.

Jeanne Eagels
Jeanne Eagels (born Eugenia Eagles; June 26, 1890 – October 3, 1929) was an American stage and film actress. Eagels appeared in many Broadway productions, and in the emerging medium of sound films. She was posthumously nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her 1929 role in The Letter after dying suddenly that year at the age of 39.
FIA WTCR Race of France
The FIA WTCR Race of France is a round of the World Touring Car Cup which was held at the Circuit Pau-Arnos in 2021 and at the Circuit de Pau-Ville in 2022. It was previously held at the Circuit Paul Ricard and the Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours.

In 2005 and 2006 it was run at Magny-Cours, before moving to Pau in 2007, when it became the main event in the Pau Grand Prix weekend. However, there was no French round in the 2010 season. After Citroën confirmed their entry into the 2014 season, Citroën Racing team principal Yves Matton suggested a French round would be a good idea. A French round returned to the calendar for 2014, this time held at the Circuit Paul Ricard.

Yvan Muller and Sébastien Loeb are the only French drivers to have won their home race having won in 2014 and 2015 at the Circuit Paul Ricard.

Circuit Pau-Arnos
Circuit Européen Pau-Arnos is a club track in Arnos about 20 km (12 mi) to the west of the city Pau in southwestern France which is famous for its street circuit Circuit de Pau-Ville where the Pau Grand Prix is held.
Pastia's lines
Pastia's sign, Pastia lines, or Thompson's sign is a clinical sign in which pink or red lines formed of confluent petechiae are found in skin creases, particularly the crease in the antecubital fossa, the soft depression on the inside of the arm;  the folding crease divides this fossa where the forearm meets the (upper) arm (the biceps, triceps, humerus section of the upper extremity); the inside of the elbow (the inside flexor depression (fossa) of the elbow. It occurs in people with scarlet fever prior to the appearance of the rash and persists as pigmented lines after desquamation.

The sign is named after the Romanian physician Constantin Chessec Pastia (1883–1926).

Triceps
The triceps, or triceps brachii (Latin for "three-headed muscle of the arm"), is a large muscle on the back of the upper limb of many vertebrates. It consists of three parts: the medial, lateral, and long head. All three heads cross the elbow joint. However, the long head also crosses the shoulder joint. The triceps muscle contracts when the elbow is straightened and expands when the elbow is bent. The long head gets a further contraction when the arm is behind the torso due to how it crosses the shoulder joint. It is the muscle principally responsible for extension of the elbow joint (straightening of the arm).
Jim Delahanty
James Christopher Delahanty (June 20, 1879 – October 17, 1953) was an American second baseman in Major League Baseball. He played thirteen seasons with eight clubs: the Chicago Orphans (1901), New York Giants (1902), Boston Beaneaters (1904–05), Cincinnati Reds (1906), St. Louis Browns (1907), Washington Senators (1907–09), Detroit Tigers (1909–12), and Brooklyn Tip-Tops (1914–15).

Born in Cleveland, Ohio, he batted and threw right-handed. He was the fourth of six brothers, and all of them played professional baseball, with five of them (Jim, Ed, Frank, Joe, and Tom) appearing at the major-league level. After his baseball career, Delahanty moved back to Cleveland occasionally playing in exhibition games with his brothers, where he lived until he died.

Brooklyn Tip-Tops
The Brooklyn Tip-Tops were a team in the short-lived Federal League of professional baseball from 1914 to 1915. The team's name came from Tip Top Bread, a product of Ward Baking Company, which was also owned by team owner Robert Ward. They were sometimes informally called the Brooklyn Feds or BrookFeds due to being the Brooklyn team of the Federal League. They played in Washington Park, which the Brooklyn Dodgers had abandoned after the 1912 season to move to Ebbets Field.
Eva (2018 film)
Eva is a 2018 romantic drama film written and directed by Benoît Jacquot, based on the 1945 novel Eve by James Hadley Chase. Starring Isabelle Huppert and Gaspard Ulliel, the film tells the story of a young fraudster who causes the death of a girl who loves him because of his obsession for an older high-class prostitute. It was selected to compete for the Golden Bear in the main competition section at the 68th Berlin International Film Festival.

James Hadley Chase
James Hadley Chase (24 December 1906 – 6 February 1985) was an English writer. While his birth name was René Lodge Brabazon Raymond, he was well known by his various pseudonyms, including James Hadley Chase, James L. Docherty, Raymond Marshall, R. Raymond, and Ambrose Grant. He was one of the best known thriller writers of all time. The canon of Chase, comprising 90 titles, earned him a reputation as the king of thriller writers in Europe. He was also one of the internationally best-selling authors, and to date 50 of his books have been made into films.
Carlos Morales (footballer, born 1982)
Carlos Morales, (born September 11, United States) is an American-born Puerto Rican soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Gigantes de Carolina FC of the Puerto Rico Soccer League and the Puerto Rico national football team.

Gigantes de Carolina FC
Carolina Giants are an association football club from Carolina, Puerto Rico. They were formed in 2008 as the football branch of the existing baseball side Gigantes de Carolina. They are founding members of the Puerto Rico Soccer League, the first nationwide football league on the island. They play their matches at the Roberto Clemente Stadium which is primarily a baseball venue.
Mount Prindle
Mount Prindle is a granitic mountain in the Yukon–Tanana uplands, and is located approximately 45 miles (72 km) north-northeast of Fairbanks, Alaska. The plutons that form the core of the Mount Prindle massif are Late Cretaceous or early Tertiary age. These plutons intruded older (Precambrian to Paleozoic) metamorphic rocks. Mount Prindle exhibits classic glacial landforms, unlike most of the surrounding Yukon–Tanana uplands. It is in the Circle Mining District and many of the surrounding creeks have been or are being mined for placer gold. The area has also been prospected for tin and rare earth minerals. Mine roads and hiking trails provide access to the mountain. A 900 feet (270 m) granite wall on an eastern spur of the massif is an attraction for rock climbers.

The mountain is named for Louis Marcus Prindle (1865–1956), a U.S. Geological Survey geologist, who worked in the Fairbanks, Circle, and Fortymile areas of Alaska from 1902 through 1911.

Yukon–Tanana terrane
The Yukon–Tanana terrane (YTT) is a tectonic terrane that extends from central Alaska through central Yukon and into northern British Columbia, Canada and Southeast Alaska, USA. Extending over 2000 km, the YTT is the largest tectonostratigraphic terrane in the northern North American Cordillera. The Yukon–Tanana Upland is a physiographic province mostly underlain by rocks of the Yukon–Tanana terrane.

Understanding and definition of the YTT is constantly progressing, the term "Yukon Tanana composite terrane" or "YTCT" is used by some workers, reflecting the disparate depositional and tectonic histories being recognized in rock units within the YTT. Since 2010, some work dispenses altogether with the term Yukon–Tanana terrane, in favor of more detailed subdivisions.