hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bas van Dooren
Bas van Dooren (born 25 August 1973 in Oss) is a Dutch mountain biker. He competed in the Men's cross-country at the 2000 Summer Olympics, finishing 11th. In 1998 he finished second in the cross-country at the European Mountain Bike Championships. In 2000 he finished second overall of the 2000 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup

Van Dooren tested positive for EPO in 2002 from a test two days before the 2002 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships, where he finished 11th. He bought it in Germany via internet and replied that 'it was a gamble'. He was suspended for one year and ended his career.

European Mountain Bike Championships
The European Mountain Bike Championships (EMBCs) are an annual mountain bike racing championship in Europe. They have been held since 1989, and on an annual basis since 1991. There have been 28 editions as of 2017.
Kurmina-fari
The Kurmina-fari or Kanfari was the title of a major administrative and military position in the Songhai Empire. The position was broadly in charge of the western half of the empire, and was based in Tindirma. The position was created by Askia Mohammad I in 1494 soon after he took power from Sonni Ali. His brother Umar Komadiago was the first Kurmina-fari, and several of his sons would hold the position after him.: 226  The Kurmina-fari was often the eldest son or brother of the ruling Askia.

Sonni Ali
Sonni Ali, also known as Si Ali, Sonni Ali Ber (Ber meaning "the Great"), reigned from about 1464 to 1492 as the 15th ruler of the Sunni dynasty of the Songhai Empire. He transformed the relatively small state into an empire by conquering Timbuktu, Massina, the Inner Niger Delta, and Djenne.
Later Roman Empire
In historiography, the Late or Later Roman Empire, traditionally covering the period from 284 CE to 641 CE, was a time of significant transformation in Roman governance, society, and religion. Diocletian's reforms, including the establishment of the tetrarchy, aimed to address the vastness of the empire and internal instability. The rise of Christianity, legalized by Constantine the Great in 313 CE, profoundly changed the religious landscape, becoming a central force in Roman life. Simultaneously, barbarian invasions, particularly by the Goths and the Huns, weakened the Western Roman Empire, which collapsed in 476 CE. In contrast, the Eastern Roman Empire endured, evolving into the Byzantine Empire and laying the foundations for medieval Europe.

This article ends with the Arab conquest of Egypt in 641 CE and the beginning of the Byzantine Dark Ages.

Serapis
Serapis or Sarapis is a Graeco-Egyptian god. A syncretic deity derived from the worship of the Egyptian Osiris and Apis, Serapis was extensively popularized in the third century BC on the orders of Greek Pharaoh Ptolemy I Soter, as a means to unify the Greek and Egyptian subjects of the Ptolemaic Kingdom.

The cultus of Serapis was spread as a matter of deliberate policy by subsequent Ptolemaic kings. Serapis continued to increase in popularity during the Roman Empire, often replacing Osiris as the consort of Isis in temples outside Egypt.
Alongside his Egyptian roots he gained attributes from other deities, such as chthonic powers linked to the Greek Hades and Demeter, and benevolence derived from associations with Dionysus.
Mousetail
Mousetail is used as a common name for species of plants in several genera:

Ivesia in the rose family

Myosurus in the buttercup family

Myosurus apetalus, bristly mousetail, native to western North and South America
Myosurus cupulatus, Arizona mousetail, native to the south-western United States and northern Mexico
Myosurus minimus, tiny mousetail,  native to much of the Northern Hemisphere
Myosurus sessilis, vernal pool mousetail, native to southern Oregon and central California in the United States

Rhipsalis baccifera, in particular R. baccifera subsp. horrida (syn. R. horrida), mouse tail or mouse tail cactus

Rhipsalis baccifera
Rhipsalis baccifera, commonly known as the mistletoe cactus, is an epiphytic cactus which originates in Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Florida. It is also found throughout the tropics of Africa and into Sri Lanka where it is known in Sinhala as nawahandi (නවහන්දි). This is the only cactus species naturally occurring outside the Americas. One hypothesis is that it was introduced to the Old World by migratory birds, long enough ago for the Old World populations to be regarded as distinct subspecies. An alternative hypothesis holds that the species initially crossed the Atlantic Ocean on European ships trading between South America and Africa, after which birds may have spread it more widely.
Electoral district of Altona
The electoral district of Altona was one of the electoral districts of Victoria, Australia, for the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It covered an area of 79 square kilometres (31 sq mi) in western Melbourne, and included the suburbs of Altona, Altona Meadows, Laverton, Point Cook, Seabrook and Seaholme. It also included the RAAF Williams airbase and the Point Cook Coastal Park. It lay within the Western Metropolitan Region of the upper house, the Legislative Council.

The seat was abolished by the Electoral Boundaries Commission ahead of the 2022 election and largely replaced by the electoral district of Point Cook.

Western Metropolitan Region
Western Metropolitan Region  is one of the eight electoral regions of Victoria, Australia, which elects five members to the Victorian Legislative Council (also referred to as the upper house) by proportional representation. The region was created in 2006 following the 2005 reform of the Victorian Legislative Council.

The region comprises the Legislative Assembly districts of Footscray, Kororoit, Laverton, Niddrie, Point Cook, St Albans, Sunbury, Sydenham,  Tarneit, Werribee and Williamstown.
Lysine dehydrogenase
In enzymology, lysine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are L-lysine and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Its products are 1-piperideine-2-carboxylic acid, ammonia, reduced NADH, and a proton.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-lysine:NAD+ oxidoreductase (deaminating, cyclizing).

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Alexandre Fortin
Alexandre Fortin (born February 25, 1997) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger who is currently under contract with the Orlando Solar Bears in the ECHL. He has formerly played with the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Orlando Solar Bears
The Orlando Solar Bears are a professional ice hockey team that plays their home games at Kia Center in Orlando, Florida. They play in the South Division of the ECHL's Eastern Conference and are affiliated with the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League.
2002 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 2002 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 2002. Incumbent Republican acting governor Jane Swift chose not to seek a full term in office. Republican businessman Mitt Romney defeated Democratic Treasurer Shannon O'Brien.

This would be the only time Romney won a general election in the state, as in the 2012 presidential election, he lost the state to Barack Obama by a large margin.

Treasurer and Receiver-General of Massachusetts
The treasurer and receiver-general of Massachusetts is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Originally appointed under authority of the English Crown pursuant to the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company, the office of treasurer and receiver-general (commonly called the "state treasurer") became an elective one in 1780. Sixty-one individuals have occupied the office of state treasurer over the ensuing centuries. The incumbent is Deb Goldberg, a Democrat who took office January 21, 2015.
Ray, Smolensk Oblast
Ray (Russian: Рай) is a village in Smolensk region of Russia. Located in the central part of region, 1.5 km to the south of the motorway A141[ru], and 6 km to the south-west of Smolensk.

Population – 132 residents (2007 year). Included in the Prigorskii rural settlement.

Smolensk Oblast
Smolensk Oblast (Russian: Смоленская область, romanized: Smolenskaya oblastʹ), informally also called Smolenshchina (Смоленщина), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative centre is the city of Smolensk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 888,421.
Bach's Fight for Freedom
Bach's Fight for Freedom is a 1995 film created by David Devine and Richard Mozer for HBO Original Films of New York and directed by Stuart Gillard.

Set in the early 18th century Prussian states, Johann Sebastian Bach, in his 30s and a chapel organist, is enraged. It is bad enough his boss, the Duke, stifles his creativity. Now the bumbling fool has given him 10-year-old Frederick Muller, a servant he suspects is a spy! But soon, the temperamental composer recognizes a kindred soul in his new assistant, for both know too well what it is like not to be able to follow your dream.

The film was shot in Český Krumlov, Bohemia, in the southern Czech Republic. The soundtrack score features the Brandenburg Concertos, which were produced by David Devine for Sony Music of New York.  The Slovak Philharmonic was commissioned to perform the soundtrack and was conducted by Ondrej Leonard.

The film has been broadcast in over 100 countries in many languages and has been shown in music classes.

Český Krumlov
Český Krumlov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtʃɛskiː ˈkrumlof] ⓘ; German: Krumau, Böhmisch Krumau) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 13,000 inhabitants. It is known as a tourist centre, which is among the most visited places in the country. The historic centre with the Český Krumlov Castle complex is protected by law as an urban monument reservation, and since 1992, it has been a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its well-preserved Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architecture.
Carol Corrado
Carol A. Corrado is an American economist who was the former chief of industrial output at the Federal Reserve Board and currently serves as a senior advisor and research director in economics on The Conference Board. She serves as a member of the executive committee for the National Bureau of Economic Research's (NBER) conference on research on income and wealth. She is a senior policy scholar at Georgetown University McDonough School of Business Centre for Business and Public Policy where she focuses on economics of growth and innovation as well as fiscal and monetary policies. In addition to these positions, Corrado is involved with the American Statistical Association as well as the Technical Advisory Committee of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. With the American Statistical Association Corrado serves as the chair-elect of Business and Economics.

National Bureau of Economic Research
The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is an American private nonprofit research organization "committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community." The NBER is known for proposing start and end dates for recessions in the United States.

Many chairpersons of the Council of Economic Advisers were previously NBER research associates, including the former NBER president and Harvard professor Martin Feldstein. The NBER's current president and CEO is James M. Poterba of MIT.
Svante Stensson Sture
Svante Stensson Sture or Svante Sture the Younger (1 May 1517 – 24 May 1567) was a Swedish count, riksmarsk and statesman. In 1543, he commanded Stegeborg when it was besieged by revolting peasants during the Dacke War. From 1562 to 1564, during the Livonian War, he was governor of Estonia.

Svante was killed alongside five others, including his sons Nils and Erik, in the Sture murders by King Erik XIV.

Dacke War
The Dacke War (Swedish: Dackefejden) was a peasant uprising led by Nils Dacke in Småland, Sweden, in 1542 against the rule of Gustav Vasa. Dacke and his followers were dissatisfied with the heavy tax burden, the introduction of Lutheranism, and the confiscation of Church property (the confiscation and taxes were introduced to pay for the Swedish War of Liberation that had brought Gustav Vasa to power). In 1543 the uprising was defeated, and Nils Dacke was killed.
Marianne von Werefkin
Mariamna Vladimirovna Veryovkina (10 September [O.S. 29 August] 1860 – 6 February 1938), commonly known as Marianne von Werefkin, was a Russian-born painter, active in Germany and Switzerland during the late Belle Époque and interwar periods. She is particularly known for her Expressionist works.

Abramtsevo Colony
Abramtsevo (Russian: Абра́мцево) is a former country estate and now museum-reserve located north of Moscow, in the proximity of Khotkovo, that became a centre for the Slavophile movement and an artists' colony in the 19th century. The estate is located in the village of Abramtsevo, in Sergiyevo-Posadsky District of Moscow Oblast. The Abramtsevo Museum-reserve site is an object of cultural heritage in Russia.
1981–82 Scottish Inter-District Championship
The 1981–82 Scottish Inter-District Championship was a rugby union competition for Scotland's district teams.

This season saw the 29th Scottish Inter-District Championship. It saw the first entry of the Scottish Exiles - then known as the Anglo-Scots - side into the Championship.

South and Edinburgh District shared the competition with 3 wins and a draw.

Scottish Inter-District Championship
The Scottish Inter-District Championship is a rugby union competition between regional sides in Scotland. Established in 1953, the tournament went through several formats.

The Scottish Rugby Union confirmed in January 2023 that the Scottish Inter-District Championship would return for the 2022-23 season, starting in May 2023. The Inter-District Championship will be an amateur championship with players selected outwith the professional United Rugby Championship and Super 6 leagues. Instead the players will be selected from the amateur leagues of Scotland; the Scottish Premiership and the national leagues below.
GemOx
GemOx or GEMOX is an acronym for one of the chemotherapy regimens used in the treatment of relapsed or primary refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma.

When combined with Rituximab it is called R-GemOx, R-GEMOX or GemOx-R, GEMOX-R.

The [R]-GemOx regimen consists of:

Rituximab  - anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that has the ability to kill both normal and malignant B cells;

Gemcitabine - an antimetabolite;

Oxaliplatin - a platinum-based alkylating antineoplastic agent.

CD20
B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 or CD20 is B lymphocyte cell-surface molecule.

It is a 33-37 kDa non-glycosylated protein. CD20 is expressed on the surface of B-cells from the pre-B phase, the expression is lost in terminally differentiated plasma cells.

CD20 is used as a therapeutical target of B-cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases.
Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics
The swimming competitions at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens took place from 14 to 21 August 2004 at the Athens Olympic Aquatic Centre in Marousi. It featured 32 events (16 male, 16 female), a total of 937 swimmers from 152 nations, and the program's changes instituted in the previous Games, including notably the three-phase format (heats, semifinals, and final) for all short-distance races (200 metres and under).

Swimmers from the United States continued to dominate the medal tally with a total of 28, earning twelve golds, nine silver, and seven bronze. Australia still maintained the second spot from Sydney in 2000, but produced a total of 15 more medals (seven golds, five silver, and three bronze) to its historical hardware in swimming. Meanwhile, Japan moved from behind to third overall in the medal board with eight medals after a sterling breaststroke double from Kosuke Kitajima. A total of eight world records and twenty-five Olympic records were set during the competition.

Kosuke Kitajima
Kosuke Kitajima (北島 康介, Kitajima Kōsuke; born September 22, 1982) is a Japanese retired breaststroke swimmer. He won gold medals at the men's 100 m and 200 m breaststroke events at the 2004 Summer Olympics, and the 2008 Summer Olympics – becoming the first and only swimmer to sweep the breaststroke events at consecutive Olympic games.
Siege of Tönning
During the Great Northern War, the fortress of Tönning (Danish: Tønning) in the territory of Holstein-Gottorp, an ally of the Swedish Empire, was besieged twice. Denmark–Norway was forced to lift the first siege in 1700, but a combined force of the anti-Swedish coalition successfully besieged and took Tönning in 1713–1714.

Maritime power
A maritime power (sometimes a naval power) is a nation with a very strong navy, which often is also a great power, or at least a regional power. A maritime power is able to easily control their coast, and exert influence upon both nearby and far countries. A nation that dominates the world navally is known as a maritime superpower.
Many countries that become maritime powers become strong to defend themselves from an extant threat, as the USSR did during the Cold War to defend itself from the United States Navy. In that scenario, it is common for the emerging maritime power to focus largely upon area denial tactics, rather than power projection.

Maritime powers are much more involved in global politics and trade than other powers.
Blakiston, South Australia
Blakiston is a town in the Australian state of South Australia.  The town is located approximately 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-east of the state capital of Adelaide, adjacent to the Princes Highway. Its postal code is 5250 – though it has no post office. Post is delivered to the neighbouring town of Littlehampton which shares the post code. The town and surrounding countryside, a mixture of pastureland and eucalypt forest, make up around 16 square kilometres. At the 2021 census, the locality of Blakiston had a population of 377 and a median age of 46.

There are no signs or markers to indicate that Blakiston is separate from nearby Littlehampton, and they are increasingly indistinguishable as housing developments encroach.

Eucalypt
Eucalypt is any woody plant with capsule fruiting bodies belonging to one of seven closely related genera (of the tribe Eucalypteae) found across Australia:
Eucalyptus, Corymbia, Angophora, Stockwellia, Allosyncarpia, Eucalyptopsis and Arillastrum. In Australia, they are commonly known as gum trees or stringybarks.
Danielle Stordeur
Danielle Stordeur is a French Archaeologist and Directeur de Recherche at the CNRS. She is also Director of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs permanent mission to El Kowm-Mureybet (Syria), replacing Jacques Cauvin in 1993 until 2010, when Frédéric Abbès is due to take over this position.

Mureybet
Mureybet (Arabic: مريبط, romanized: muraybaṭ, lit. 'covered') is a tell, or ancient settlement mound, located on the west bank of the Euphrates in Raqqa Governorate, northern Syria. The site was excavated between 1964 and 1974 and has since disappeared under the rising waters of Euphrates Lake. Mureybet was occupied between 10,200 and 8000 BC and is the eponymous type site for the Mureybetian culture, a subdivision of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA). In its early stages, Mureybet was a small village occupied by hunter-gatherers. Hunting was important and crops were first gathered and later cultivated, but they remained wild. During its final stages, domesticated animals were also present at the site.
Lawrence Arthur Jones
Lawrence Arthur Jones (1910-1996) was an American artist and printmaker. Born in Lynchburg, Virginia, Jones spent most of his career as an art teacher in Louisiana, Georgia, and Mississippi. He was a contemporary of the prominent black artists Charles White and Eldzier Cortor. Jones's most notable accomplishment is his establishment of a fine arts program at Jackson State University in Mississippi.

Though Jones is best known as an arts educator, his work is present in a number of important institutions and museums. Many of his murals on campuses throughout the South still remain. His oeuvre features prints, paintings, and murals that tend to focus on the history of African-Americans in the United States. His figurative artwork often depicts the oppression of black people across various time periods and geographic contexts. Jones portrayed slavery in the South and urban poverty in the North in many paintings, murals, and prints.

Taller de Gráfica Popular
The Taller de Gráfica Popular (TGP, transl. People's Graphic Workshop) is an artists' print collective founded in Mexico in 1937 by artists Leopoldo Méndez, Pablo O'Higgins, and Luis Arenal. The collective was primarily concerned with using art to advance revolutionary social causes. The print shop became a base of political activity and abundant artistic output, and attracted many foreign artists as collaborators.
Klonówek
Klonówek [klɔˈnuvɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warta, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) north of Warta, 27 km (17 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and 61 km (38 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz County
Sieradz County (Polish: powiat sieradzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sieradz, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains three other towns: Złoczew, lying 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Sieradz, Warta, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and Błaszki, 23 km (14 mi) west of Sieradz.

The county covers an area of 1,491.04 square kilometres (575.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 121,013, out of which the population of Sieradz is 44,045, that of Złoczew is 3,403, that of Warta is 3,388, that of Błaszki is 2,179, and the rural population is 67,998.
Russ Pepperell
George Russell Pepperell (23 April 1918 – 15 January 2003) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, and coached in the 1950s and 1960s, and rugby union footballer who played in the 1940s. He played representative level rugby league (RL) for England and Cumberland, and at club level for Seaton ARLFC (in Seaton near Workington, now represented by Seaton Rangers of the Cumberland League) and Huddersfield (captain) as a fullback, wing, centre, or stand-off he coached club level rugby league (RL) for Huddersfield and Keighley, before moving to Sydney to coach the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, he played representative level rugby union (RU) for Rugby League XV (during World War II), as a full-back.

Keighley Cougars
The Keighley Cougars are a professional rugby league club from Keighley in West Yorkshire, England. The club play home games at Cougar Park and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Keighley have never won a major honour. Their main rivals are Bradford Bulls.