hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Porosity
Porosity or void fraction is a measure of the void (i.e. "empty") spaces in a material, and is a fraction of the volume of voids over the total volume, between 0 and 1, or as a percentage between 0% and 100%. Strictly speaking, some tests measure the "accessible void", the total amount of void space accessible from the surface (cf. closed-cell foam).

There are many ways to test porosity in a substance or part, such as industrial CT scanning.

The term porosity is used in multiple fields including pharmaceutics, ceramics, metallurgy, materials, manufacturing, petrophysics, hydrology, earth sciences, soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and engineering.

Volume fraction
In chemistry and fluid mechanics, the volume fraction  is defined as the volume of a constituent Vi divided by the volume of all constituents of the mixture V prior to mixing:

Being dimensionless, its unit is 1; it is expressed as a number, e.g., 0.18. It is the same concept as volume percent (vol%) except that the latter is expressed with a denominator of 100, e.g., 18%.

The volume fraction coincides with the volume concentration in ideal solutions where the volumes of the constituents are additive (the volume of the solution is equal to the sum of the volumes of its ingredients).

The sum of all volume fractions of a mixture is equal to 1:

The volume fraction (percentage by volume, vol%) is one way of expressing the composition of a mixture with a dimensionless quantity; mass fraction (percentage by weight, wt%) and mole fraction (percentage by moles, mol%) are others.
Mowbray (surname)
Mowbray is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Mowbray (1896–1969), English stage and film actor

Anna Mowbray (born 1983/1984), New Zealand entrepreneur and businessperson

Charles Mowbray (1857–1910), British anarcho-communist

Ethel Jones Mowbray (died 1948), American teacher, co-founder of Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority

Francis Mowbray (died 1603), Scottish intriguer

Gillis Mowbray, servant of Mary, Queen of Scots

Guy Mowbray (born 1972), British football commentator

Harris Mowbray (born 1999), Braille-related linguist

Harry Mowbray (1947–2022), Scottish footballer

Harry Siddons Mowbray (1858–1928), American artist

Louis L. Mowbray (1877-1952), Bermudian naturalist

Malcolm Mowbray (1949–2023), British screenwriter and director

Nick Mowbray (born 1984/1985), New Zealand entrepreneur and businessperson

Thomas Mowbray (fl. 1850s), Queensland clergyman

Tony Mowbray (born 1963), English footballer

Harry Siddons Mowbray
Henry Siddons Mowbray (August 5, 1858 – 1928) was an American artist. He executed various painting commissions for J.P. Morgan, F.W. Vanderbilt, and other clients. He served as director of the American Academy in Rome from 1902 to 1904.
Klausmeier
Klausmeier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christopher Klausmeier, American ecologist

Herbert Klausmeier (1915–2014), American educational psychologist

Johnny Klausmeier (born 1981), American NASCAR crew chief

Kathy Klausmeier (born 1950), American politician

Christopher Klausmeier
Christopher Klausmeier is an American theoretical ecologist. He is an MSU Research Foundation Professor at the Kellogg Biological Station of Michigan State University. He is known for his work in spatial ecology, ecological stoichiometry, and trait-based eco-evolutionary dynamics.
Robert Eyton (archdeacon of Ely)
Robert Eyton was an Anglican priest  during the 18th Century.

Eyton was educated at St John's College, Cambridge and ordained in 1705. He was the Rector at Wem and a Prebendary of Hereford Cathedral before being appointed Archdeacon of Ely in 1742. He died  in post on 18 October 1751.

Prebendary
A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church.  When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir stalls, known as prebendal stalls.
1953 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1953 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament took place from March 5–7, 1953 at the Reynolds Coliseum in Raleigh, North Carolina. The Wake Forest Demon Deacons, led by head coach Murray Greason, won their first Southern Conference title and received the automatic berth to the 1953 NCAA tournament.

Wake Forest Demon Deacons men's basketball
The Wake Forest Demon Deacons men's basketball team represents Wake Forest University in NCAA Division I college basketball and competes in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Through the years, the program has produced many NBA players, among them are Hall of Famer Tim Duncan, 12× All-Star Chris Paul, 1× All-Star Jeff Teague, Sixth Man of the Year Rodney Rogers, and 1× All-Star Josh Howard. The Demon Deacons have won the Atlantic Coast Conference tournament four times, in 1961, 1962, 1995, and 1996. Wake Forest has appeared in 23 NCAA tournaments, most recently appearing in 2017. The current coach is Steve Forbes, who was hired on April 30, 2020.
Kitagawia
Kitagawia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae. The genus name is in honour of Masao Kitagawa (1910–1995), a Japanese botanist and pteridologist.

Its native range is temperate Asia. It is found in the countries of China (within Manchuria and Inner Mongolia), Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Mongolia, Taiwan and the Russian regions and republics of Altay, Amur, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk, Kuril Islands, Primorye, Sakhalin, Tuva, Western Siberia and Yakutskiya).

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Sojka Pavilion
Sojka Pavilion is a 4,000-seat  multi-purpose arena in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania. It was built in 2003 and is home to the Bucknell University Bison basketball teams, replacing nearby Davis Gym. It is named for Dr. Gary Allan Sojka, a former president of the university who remained at the university as a professor of biology after the end of his term, until his retirement in 2006. It features locker rooms, a hardwood playing surface, a team store, two concession stands, LED video boards, and a Jumbotron.

In 2006, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2017 and 2018, Sojka Pavilion hosted the Patriot League men's basketball tournament championship final game.

2012 Patriot League men's basketball tournament
The 2012 Patriot League men's basketball tournament was held at campus sites for the higher seeds. The quarterfinals were on February 29, the semi-finals on March 3, and the championship was held on March 7. The winner of the tournament, the Lehigh Mountain Hawks received an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.
Bavarian Circle
The Bavarian Circle (German: Bayerischer Reichskreis) was an imperial circle of the Holy Roman Empire. The most significant state by far in the circle was the Duchy of Bavaria (raised to an Electorate by Emperor Ferdinand II in 1623) with the Upper Palatinate territories. Other Imperial Estates like the Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg, the Prince-Bishoprics of Freising, Passau and Regensburg as well as the imperial city of Regensburg, seat of the Imperial Diet from 1663, had a secondary importance. The elector of Bavaria and the archbishop of Salzburg acted as the circle's directors.

Prince-bishop
A prince-bishop is a bishop who is also the civil ruler of some secular principality and sovereignty, as opposed to Prince of the Church itself, a title associated with cardinals. Since 1951, the sole extant prince-bishop has been the Bishop of Urgell, Catalonia, who has remained ex officio one of two co-princes of Andorra, along with the French president.
Lilla Jönssonligan på styva linan
Lilla Jönssonligan på styva linan is the second film in the Swedish Lilla Jönssonligan film series. It was released on November 28, 1997, in Sweden and was directed by Christjan Wegner.

The film has been shown several times on the Swedish television channels SVT1, TV3 and TV4. It was released in Germany on September 14, 2000, as Die Jönnson Bande: Charles Ingvars neuer Plan.

Film series
A film series or movie series is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe, or are marketed as a series. It is a type of series fiction.

This article explains what film series are and gives brief examples of movie series. The body shows a list of the most popular film series and franchises in the United States and Canada.
Pierre Léopold
Pierre Léopold (born 6 May 1960) is a research director at the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research (Inserm) and a member of the Institut de France. He heads the Unit of Genetics and Developmental Biology (UMR3215 CNRS / U934 Inserm) at the Curie Institute (Paris), and works with his team to understand the growth processes of organisms.

Université Nice-Sophia-Antipolis
The University of Nice Sophia Antipolis (French: Université Nice-Sophia-Antipolis) was a university located in Nice, France, and neighboring areas. It was founded in 1965 and was organized in eight faculties, two autonomous institutes and an engineering school. It was merged in 2019 into the Côte d'Azur University.

It hosted the first WWW Interactive Multipurpose Server. It was a member of the Coordination of French Research-Intensive Universities, the equivalent of the Russell Group in the UK.
Magnus Sinus
The Magnus Sinus or Sinus Magnus (Latin; Ancient Greek: ὀ Μέγας Κόλπος, o Mégas Kólpos), also anglicized as the Great Gulf, was the form of the Gulf of Thailand and South China Sea known to Greek, Roman, Arab, Persian, and Renaissance cartographers before the Age of Discovery. It was then briefly conflated with the Pacific Ocean before disappearing from maps.

Anglicisation of names
The anglicisation of personal names is the change of non-English-language personal names to spellings nearer English sounds, or substitution of equivalent or similar English personal names in the place of non-English personal names.
Jerolim Miše
Jerolim Miše (25 September 1890 – 14 September 1970), was a Croatian painter, teacher, and art critic. He painted portraits, still lifes and landscapes of his native Dalmatia. A member of the Group of Three, Group of Four, and the Independent Group of Artists.

In addition to being an exhibiting artist, Jerolim Miše taught and encouraged other artists for over 60 years, wrote articles and critiqued visual arts. As both a painter and a critic, he made an enormous contribution to modern art in Croatia.

Academy of Fine Arts, University of Zagreb
The Academy of Fine Arts Zagreb (Croatian: Akademija likovnih umjetnosti u Zagrebu or ALU) is a Croatian art school based in Zagreb. It is one of the three art academies affiliated with the University of Zagreb, along with the Academy of Dramatic Art (ADU) and the Academy of Music (MUZA).
Martin Casey
Martin Casey (born 1950) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a midfielder for the Wexford senior team.

Born in Causeway, County Kerry, County Kerry, Casey first played competitive hurling during his schooling at St. Peter's College, Wexford. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Wexford minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He joined the senior panel during the 1974 championship. Casey went on to play a key role for the team for almost a decade, and won one Leinster medal on the field of play. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on two occasions.

At club level Casey is a one-time All-Ireland medallist with Buffer's Alley. In addition to this he also won three Leinster medals and twelve championship medals in a career that spanned four decades.

Throughout his inter-county career, Casey made 20 championship appearances for Wexford. His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1983 championship.

Wexford GAA
The Wexford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Luthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae Loch Garman) or Wexford GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Wexford. The county board is also responsible for the Wexford county teams.

Wexford is one of the few counties to have won the All-Ireland Senior Championship in both football and hurling.

The county hurling team last won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship in 1996.

The county football team has won five All-Ireland Senior Football Championships, with the most recent win achieved in 1918.
Loikaw
Loikaw (Burmese: လွိုင်ကော်မြို့, MLCTS: lwuing kau mrui., pronounced [lwàɪ(ŋ)kɔ̀ mjo̰]) is the largest city and the capital of Kayah State, also known as Karenni State, in Myanmar. It is located in the Karen Hills area, near the State's northern tip, just above an embayment on the Pilu River. The inhabitants are mostly Kayah (Karenni). Myanmar's largest hydropower plant (built by the Japanese as war reparation) is located about 20 km (12 mi) east of Loikaw at Lawpita Falls.

The town of Loikaw comprises 13 urban wards, namely Naungya, Daw-ukhu, Mainglon, Mingala, Dhammayon, Zaypaing, Shwetaung, Landama, Dawtanma, Dawnoeku, Shansu, and Minsu wards.

Wards of Myanmar
A ward (Burmese: ရပ်ကွက်; yatkwet, IPA: [jaʔ kwɛʔ]) is a fifth-level administrative subdivision of Myanmar's urban cities and towns, below the fourth-level subdivision of town.

As of December 2019, there are 3,470 wards in Myanmar. In rural areas, the equivalent fifth-level unit is the village.
Les Osland
Les Osland (April 4, 1921 – March 2, 1993) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1973 to 1977, representing the northern riding of Churchill.

Osland's father refused to serve in World War I, and his family was somewhat unpopular in their small prairie town during the 1920s.

He was elected in the provincial election of 1973, defeating Progressive Conservative candidate Andy Champagne by just under 700 votes.  He served as a government backbencher for the next four years, and did not seek re-election in 1977.

Osland later served as mayor of Churchill.

His son, Len Osland, is a folk music singer/songwriter in the Yukon.  In 1997, the younger Osland released a CD entitled Salty Fingers which included the song "Pop", a tribute to his father.

Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba
The Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba (PC; French: Parti progressiste-conservateur du Manitoba) is a centre-right political party in Manitoba, Canada. It is currently the opposition party in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, following a defeat in the 2023 provincial election.
Cicely Disappears
Cicely Disappears is a 1927 mystery novel by the British writer Anthony Cox, written under the pen name of A. Monmouth Platts. Cox used a variety of pseudonyms during his career, in this case based on two properties he was associated with in Watford. Cox had enjoyed success with novels featuring his private detective Roger Sheringham, at first published anonymously, and also wrote a number of stand-alone novels such as this one.

It was originally serialised in The Daily Mirror during 1926 under the title The Wintringham Mystery. The newspaper held a competition with prizes for those who could give the best answers about the mystery. One of the winners was Colonel Archie Christie, though the entry actually came from his wife, the celebrated crime writer Agatha. It was reissued in 2021 under the original name by British Library Publishing as part of a group of crime novels from the Golden Age of Detective Fiction.

Private investigator
A private investigator (often abbreviated to PI; also known as a private detective, an inquiry agent or informally a private eye) is a person who can be hired by individuals or groups to undertake investigatory law services. Private investigators often work for attorneys to problem solve in civil and criminal cases.
Eye for Eye (film)
Eye for Eye is 1918 American silent drama film directed by Albert Capellani. It was produced by Richard A. Rowland and Alla Nazimova and distributed by Metro Pictures. Nazimova is also the star in a production scripted by June Mathis. A trailer of the film is currently held in the Library of Congress, and evidence has arisen that a copy may exist in Gosfilmofond in Russia.

Metro Pictures
Metro Pictures Corporation was a motion picture production company founded in early 1915 in Jacksonville, Florida, United States. It was a forerunner of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The company produced its films in New York, Los Angeles, and sometimes at leased facilities in Fort Lee, New Jersey. It was purchased in 1919.
Cardepia affinis
Cardepia affinis is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in south-western Europe, North Africa, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and the Sinai in Egypt, the Arabian Peninsula and southern Iran.

Adults are on wing from November to January and from March to May. There are two generations per year.

The larvae feed on various halophilous plants, including Atriplex species.

Atriplex
Atriplex (/ˈætrɪplɛks/) is a plant genus of about 250 species, known by the common names of saltbush and orache (/ˈɒrɪtʃ, -ətʃ/; also spelled orach). It belongs to the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae s.l.. 
The genus is quite variable and widely distributed. It includes many desert and seashore plants and halophytes, as well as plants of moist environments. 
The generic name originated in Latin and was applied by Pliny the Elder to the edible oraches. The name saltbush derives from the fact that the plants retain salt in their leaves; they are able to grow in areas affected by soil salination.
Lydia Gilmore
Lydia Gilmore is a 1915 American drama silent film directed by Hugh Ford and Edwin S. Porter and written by Hugh Ford and Henry Arthur Jones. The film stars Pauline Frederick, Vincent Serrano, Thomas Holding, Robert Cain, Helen Lutrell and Jack Curtis. The film was released on December 26, 1915, by Paramount Pictures.

Edwin S. Porter
Edwin Stanton Porter (April 21, 1870 – April 30, 1941) was an American film pioneer, most famous as a producer, director, studio manager and cinematographer with the Edison Manufacturing Company and the Famous Players Film Company. Of over 250 films created by Porter; his most important include What Happened on Twenty-third Street, New York City (1901), Jack and the Beanstalk (1902), Life of an American Fireman (1903), The Great Train Robbery (1903), The European Rest Cure (1904), The Kleptomaniac (1905), Life of a Cowboy (1906), Rescued from an Eagle's Nest (1908), and The Prisoner of Zenda (1913).
ECR Kooi Bridge
The ECR Kooi Bridge is a bridge in Sheridan County, Wyoming, located 2.7 miles (4.3 km) west of the community of Monarch. The bridge carries Sheridan County Road CN3-93 across the Tongue River. Contractor Jack Gregg built the bridge in 1913. The single-span pin-connected Pratt pony truss bridge is 81.6 feet (24.9 m) long with an 80-foot (24 m) span; it is the longest bridge of its type still in use in the Wyoming state and county highway system. The bridge's roadway was constructed with wooden stringers and decking; its guardrails are also wooden. The pin-connected Pratt pony truss was a common type of truss bridge in Wyoming, and the Kooi Bridge was one of the earlier bridges to use the design.

The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It was one of 31 Wyoming bridges added for their significance in the history of Wyoming bridge construction.

Sheridan County, Wyoming
Sheridan County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 30,921. The county seat is Sheridan. Its northern boundary abuts the Montana state border. Sheridan County comprises the Sheridan, WY Micropolitan Statistical Area.
2017–18 Northern Colorado Bears women's basketball team
The 2017–18 Northern Colorado Bears women's basketball team represented the University of Northern Colorado during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Bears were led by fourth year head coach Kamie Ethridge, played their home games at the Bank of Colorado Arena as members of the Big Sky Conference. They finished the season 26–7, 15–3 in Big Sky play to win the Big Sky regular season championship. They defeated Montana, Idaho State, and Idaho to win the Big Sky women's tournament for the first time in program history. As a result, they received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA women's tournament, the school's first. As the No. 10 seed in the Lexington region, they lost to Michigan in the first round.

Ethridge left Northern Colorado on April 16 after four seasons for Washington State. On April 30, former UCLA assistant head coach Jennifer Roulier-Huth was named the new head coach for the Bears.

2018 Big Sky Conference women's basketball tournament
The 2018 Big Sky Conference women's basketball tournament was a tournament that held from March 5–10, 2018 at the Reno Events Center. Northern Colorado won their first Big Sky tournament for the first school history and earned an automatic trip to the 2018 NCAA tournament.
Tocuyo sparrow
The Tocuyo sparrow (Arremonops tocuyensis) is a species of bird in the family Passerellidae that is found in Colombia and cities like Tocuyo and Lara of Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. The species' name comes from Tocuyo de la Costa, a town in Venezuela, which it inhabits.

Tocuyo de la Costa
Tocuyo de la Costa is a town located in Falcón State, Venezuela, near the beaches of Parque National Morrocoy. Located on the banks of Tocuyo River, about 4.64 miles from its mouth in the Caribbean Sea, in the Autonomous Municipality Monsignor Iturriza on the east coast of Falcón State, Venezuela, near the Cuare Wildlife Refuge and Morrocoy National Park.
SEC61B
Protein transport protein Sec61 subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SEC61B gene.

The Sec61 complex is the central component of the protein translocation apparatus of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. The Sec61 complex forms a transmembrane channel where proteins are translocated across and integrated into the ER membrane. This complex consists of three membrane proteins- alpha, beta, and gamma. This gene encodes the beta-subunit protein. The Sec61 subunits are also observed in the post-ER compartment, suggesting that these proteins can escape the ER and recycle back. There is evidence for multiple polyadenylated sites for this transcript.

Membrane protein
Membrane proteins are common proteins that are part of, or interact with, biological membranes. Membrane proteins fall into several broad categories depending on their location.  Integral membrane proteins are a permanent part of a cell membrane and can either penetrate the membrane (transmembrane) or associate with one or the other side of a membrane (integral monotopic). Peripheral membrane proteins are transiently associated with the cell membrane.

Membrane proteins are common, and medically important—about a third of all human proteins are membrane proteins, and these are targets for more than half of all drugs.  Nonetheless, compared to other classes of proteins, determining membrane protein structures remains a challenge in large part due to the difficulty in establishing experimental conditions that can preserve the correct (native) conformation of the protein in isolation from its native environment.