hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Indian linguistics
For articles related to Indian linguistics see:

the languages of India, or more broadly, the languages of South Asia

Vyākaraṇa, the ancient Indian school of grammar

any of the other related Indian disciplines of Nirukta (etymology), Shiksha (phonetics and phonology), Chandas (meter)

Sanskrit prosody
Sanskrit prosody or Chandas (Sanskrit: छन्दः) refers to one of the six Vedangas, or limbs of Vedic studies. It is the study of poetic metres and verse in Sanskrit. This field of study was central to the composition of the Vedas, the scriptural canons of Hinduism; in fact, so central that some later Hindu and Buddhist texts refer to the Vedas as Chandas.

The Chandas, as developed by the Vedic schools, were organized around seven major metres, each with its own rhythm, movements and aesthetics. Sanskrit metres include those based on a fixed number of syllables per verse, and those based on a fixed number of morae per verse.

Extant ancient manuals on Chandas include Pingala's Chandah Sutra, while an example of a medieval Sanskrit prosody manual is Kedara Bhatta's Vrittaratnakara. The most exhaustive compilations of Sanskrit prosody describe over 600 metres. This is a substantially larger repertoire than in any other metrical tradition.
Harshness
Harshness (also called raucousness), in music information retrieval, is a Non-Contextual Low-Level Audio Descriptors (NLDs) that represents one dimension of the multi-dimensional psychoacoustic feature called as musical timbre.

Classical timbre’ NLDs are roughness, spectral centroid, and spectral flux. While harmonicity and inharmonicity can also be considered NLDs, harshness differs from them, as well as from roughness, once it reckons for a distinguished perceptual audio feature expressed by the summary spectral periodicity. This feature is especially clear in single-pitch, single-note, musical audio, where the timbre of two different musical instruments can greatly differ in levels of harshness (e.g., the difference in harshness between a flute and a saxophone is evident). As it is supposed to be, harshness is independent of all others NLDs.

Spectral centroid
The spectral centroid is a measure used in digital signal processing to characterise a spectrum. It indicates where the center of mass of the spectrum is located. Perceptually, it has a robust connection with the impression of brightness of a sound. It is sometimes called center of spectral mass.
National Cornbread Festival
The National Cornbread Festival is a celebration of cornbread and cornbread-related activities.  The festival, held in South Pittsburg, Tennessee from 1997 to 2019 during the last full weekend in April, will resume in 2022. Among the attractions featured at the National Cornbread Festival are:

The Cornbread Cookoff

The Cornbread Eating Competition

The Cornbread 5k Race

Cornbread Alley (a sampling of various cornbread recipes from local organizations)

Arts and Crafts from area vendors

Tours of the Lodge Cast Iron Skillet Foundry

Tours of historic South Pittsburg

The Cornbread Classic Car Cruise-In

Live music from performers including perennial favorite, Rhonda Vincent

In the year 2000 the National Cornbread Festival was selected as one of the top 100 events in North America by the American Bus Association.

The COVID-19 pandemic was to blame for all cancellations since 2020; the 24th was deferred to April 2022.

Lodge (company)
Lodge Manufacturing Company is an American manufacturer of cast-iron cookware based in South Pittsburg, Tennessee. Founded in 1896 by Joseph Lodge, Lodge Manufacturing is one of America's oldest cookware companies in continuous operation. It is still owned and managed by the descendants of the Lodge family. Most cast iron sold by Lodge is produced in its foundry in South Pittsburg, which has been in operation since the company was founded.
Khaled al-Tuwaijri
Khalid al-Tuwaijri is a former chief of the Royal Court of King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia who was the highest ranking non-prince in the kingdom until his sacking in 2015 by King Salman.

As chief of the royal court, al-Tuwaijri became the most powerful official in the Saudi Royal Family as the King's gatekeeper and confidant, where he would be the first and last to see the king during decision-making meetings, and would control who and what information would be presented before the King.

Prince
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. Prince is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The female equivalent is a princess. The English word derives, via the French word prince, from the Latin noun prīnceps, from primus (first) and caput (head), meaning "the first, foremost, the chief, most distinguished, noble ruler, prince".

In a related sense, now not commonly used, all more or less sovereign rulers over a state, including kings, were "princes" in the language of international politics. They normally had another title, for example king or duke. Many of these were Princes of the Holy Roman Empire.
Limidae
The Limidae or file shells are members of the only family of bivalve molluscs in the order Limida. The family includes 130 living species, assigned to 10 genera. Widely distributed in all seas from shallow to deep waters, the species are usually epifaunal or nestling, with many species building byssal nests for protection. The majority of species are capable of irregular swimming by waving their long mantle tentacles.

Byssus
A byssus (/ˈbɪsəs/) is a bundle of filaments secreted by many species of bivalve mollusc that function to attach the mollusc to a solid surface. Species from several families of clams have a byssus, including pen shells (Pinnidae), true mussels (Mytilidae), and Dreissenidae.
Seal Island Bridge
The Seal Island Bridge is a bridge located in Victoria County, Nova Scotia. It is the third longest bridge span in the province.

The bridge is a through arch design and crosses the Great Bras d'Or channel of Bras d'Or Lake, connecting Boularderie Centre, Boularderie Island on the south side with New Harris, Cape Breton Island on the north side.

Victoria County, Nova Scotia
Victoria County (Scottish Gaelic: Siorramachd Bhioctoria) is an historical county and census division of Nova Scotia, Canada. Local government is provided by the Municipality of the County of Victoria and the Wagmatcook 1 reserve.
Gopi Krishna Nema
Gopi Krishna Nema is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Nema is a former member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Indore-3 constituency in Indore district. In August 2018, Nema was appointed the president of BJP for Indore city.

Indore district
Indore district (Hindi pronunciation: [ɪn̪d̪ɔːɾ]) is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It is believed that the city is named after its Indreshwar Mahadev Temple, where Indra is the presiding deity as Indra+Oor. The Gupta inscriptions name Indore as "Indrapura". It is also called the administrative capital. This district forms part of the Indore Division.

As of 2011, it was the most populous of the 50 districts in Madhya Pradesh.

Indore is the administrative center of district, and largest city of Madhya Pradesh.
Robert Turnbull (railway manager)
Sir Robert Turnbull MVO  (21 February 1852 –  22 February 1925) was a British railway manager.  He joined the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) in 1868 and became its General Manager in 1914.  He was made a member of the Royal Victorian Order in the 1911 New Year Honours and knighted in 1913.  He served as a lieutenant colonel in the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps.

A Claughton Class locomotive, LNWR No. 1161 (LMS No. 5901) was named after him, this underwent a paper rebuild to LMS Patriot Class No. 5901, from 1934 later 5540, which was in turn rebuilt into a LMS Rebuilt Patriot Class No. 5540, BR No. 45540.

LMS Rebuilt Patriot Class
The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS), Rebuilt Patriot Class was a class of 4-6-0 steam locomotives. They were rebuilt from LMS Patriot Class locomotives (which were the fourth type of LMS 2A boilered 4-6-0 locomotives) over the period 1946–1949. By the end of 1947, the LMS had rebuilt seven engines, these being 5514/21/26/29–31/40. After nationalisation, a further eleven locomotives were rebuilt. Rebuilt locomotives retained their numbers.
Mitaka, Tokyo
Mitaka (三鷹市, Mitaka-shi) is a city in the Western Tokyo region of Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 1 March 2021, the city had an estimated population of 190,403, and a population density of 12,000 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 16.42 square kilometres (6.34 sq mi).

Cities of Japan
A city (市, shi) is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as towns (町, machi) and villages (村, mura), with the difference that they are not a component of districts (郡, gun). Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947.
Light Up the Sky! (film)
Light Up the Sky! (also known as Touch it Light; U.S. title: Skywatch) is a 1960 British comedy drama film directed by Lewis Gilbert and starring Ian Carmichael, Tommy Steele and Benny Hill. The film also features Dick Emery in a minor role.

Light Up the Sky! was based on Robert Storey's 1957 West End play Touch It Light.

Lewis Gilbert
Lewis Gilbert CBE (6 March 1920 – 23 February 2018) was an English film director, producer and screenwriter who directed more than 40 films during six decades; among them such varied titles as Cast a Dark Shadow (1955), Reach for the Sky (1956), Carve Her Name with Pride (1958), Sink the Bismarck! (1960), Alfie (1966), Educating Rita (1983) and Shirley Valentine (1989), as well as three James Bond films: You Only Live Twice (1967), The Spy Who Loved Me (1977) and Moonraker (1979).
Convenience Retail Asia
Convenience Retail Asia Limited (CRA) (SEHK: 831) is a Hong Kong retailer which owns bakeries (Saint Honore Cake Shop, Bread Boutique) in Hong Kong, Macau and mainland China. It previously owned the Hong Kong franchise for convenience store chain Circle K, but sold the chain to the franchise owner in late 2020.

The company was established in 1985 and is headquartered in Hong Kong. It is a subsidiary of Fung Group, one of the largest retailers in Hong Kong.

The company was listed on the Growth Enterprise Market board (stock code: 8052) of Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The company subsequently transferred its listing to the Main Board of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (stock code: 831) in June 2011.

Bakery
A bakery (also known as a bakehouse, baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based baked goods made in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, doughnuts, bagels, pastries, and pies. Some retail bakeries are also categorized as cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises. In some countries, a distinction is made between bakeries, which primarily sell breads, and pâtisseries, which primarily sell sweet baked goods.
PEARL (programming language)
PEARL, or Process and experiment automation realtime language, is a computer programming language designed for multitasking and real-time programming. Being a high-level language, it is fairly cross-platform. Since 1977, the language has undergone several standardization iterations by the Deutsches Institut für Normung. The current version is PEARL-90, which was standardized in 1998 as DIN 66253-2.

Deutsches Institut für Normung
Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. (DIN; in English, the German Institute for Standardisation) is a German non-profit organization and acting as national organization for standardization. DIN is the German ISO member body. DIN is headquartered in Berlin. There are around thirty thousand DIN Standards, covering nearly every field of technology.
Lake Winnipeg
Lake Winnipeg (French: Lac Winnipeg) is a 24,514-square-kilometre (9,465-square-mile) lake in North America, in the Canadian province of Manitoba. Its southern end is about 55 kilometres (34 miles) north of the namesake city, Winnipeg. It is the 12th largest lake on Earth, Canada's sixth-largest freshwater lake, and the third-largest freshwater lake contained entirely within Canada. It is relatively shallow, with a mean depth of 12 metres [39 feet]. Its deepest section is a narrow 36-metre (118-foot) deep channel between the northern and southern basins.

The lake's east side has pristine boreal forests and rivers that were inscribed in 2018 as Pimachiowin Aki, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The lake is 416 km (258 mi) from north to south, with remote sandy beaches, large limestone cliffs, and many bat caves in some areas. Manitoba Hydro uses the lake as one of the largest reservoirs in the world. There are many islands, most of them undeveloped.

Pimachiowin Aki
Pimachiowin Aki (/ˌpɪˈmætʃəwɪn ɑːˈkiː/ pih-MATCH-uh-win ah-KEE) is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in the boreal forest that covers parts of Manitoba and Ontario. The site is more than 29,000 square kilometres (11,000 sq mi) in area, and includes ancestral lands of four First Nations including Poplar River First Nation, Little Grand Rapids First Nation, Pauingassi First Nation, and Bloodvein First Nation. The area also includes the Manitoba Provincial Wilderness Park of Atikaki Provincial Park and the Ontario Woodland Caribou Provincial Park. The World Heritage Site's original proposal started with the signing of the Protected Areas and First Nation Resource Stewardship Accord in 2002. The name means land that gives life in Ojibwe (ᐱᒪᒋᐅᐃᐧᓂ ᐊᑭ).
2022–23 Stade Malien basketball season
The 2022–23 season was Stade Malien men's basketball team's 62nd season in existence. They played in their first-ever Basketball Africa League (BAL) season, as well as in the Ligue 1.

Stade Malien qualified for the 2023 BAL season following a third place in the qualifying tournament, and made their debut in the league. They surprisingly won the Sahara Conference title. After a successful playoff run, the Blancs de Bamako finished in third place, after defeating Petro de Luanda in the playoff. Aliou Diarra was named the BAL Defensive Player of the Year.

Ligue 1 (Mali)
The Ligue 1 (for sponsorship reasons known as Ligue 1 Orange) is the premier basketball competition for clubs in Mali. The league consist out of ten teams. The most decorated team in the league is Stade Malien, who have won a record nineteen league championships.

The champions of the league are eligible to play in the qualifying rounds of the Basketball Africa League (BAL).
Teeny Tucker
Regina B. Higginbotham (born January 22, 1958) known professionally as Teeny Tucker is an American electric blues and new blues singer and songwriter. She is the daughter of the late blues musician  Tommy Tucker. AllMusic noted that "Teeny Tucker is among a growing number of female blues belters taking different paths to stardom or wider recognition, but she's one of the very best..." She has released six albums to date.

She has variously appeared on the same bill with B.B. King, Koko Taylor, Etta James, Buddy Guy, the Holmes Brothers, Robert Cray, Keb' Mo', Deanna Bogart, Kenny Neal, Bobby Rush, and John Mayall.

Electric blues
Electric blues is blues music distinguished by the use of electric amplification for musical instruments.  The guitar was the first instrument to be popularly amplified and used by early pioneers T-Bone Walker in the late 1930s and John Lee Hooker and Muddy Waters in the 1940s.  Their styles developed into West Coast blues, Detroit blues, and post-World War II Chicago blues, which differed from earlier, predominantly acoustic-style blues.  By the early 1950s, Little Walter was a featured soloist on blues harmonica using a small hand-held microphone fed into a guitar amplifier.  Although it took a little longer, the electric bass guitar gradually replaced the stand-up bass by the early 1960s.  Keyboards, especially electric organs and electric pianos, later became widely used in electric blues.
Sonnier
Sonnier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dallas Sonnier (born 1980), American film producer, publisher, and entrepreneur

Elmo Patrick Sonnier (1950–1984), American murderer and rapist

Floyd Sonnier (1933–2002), American Cajun artist

J. Bert Sonnier (born 1938), American thoroughbred trainer

Jo-El Sonnier (born 1946), American singer-songwriter and accordionist

Keith Sonnier (1941–2020), American sculptor, performance artist, video and light artist

Dallas Sonnier
Joseph Albert "Dallas" Sonnier IV (born March 31, 1980) is an American film producer, publisher, and businessman. He is best known as the founder of Cinestate and, from 2018 to 2020, the publisher of Fangoria magazine. He has producing credits on the films Bone Tomahawk (2015), Brawl in Cell Block 99 (2017), The Standoff at Sparrow Creek (2018) and Dragged Across Concrete (2019), among others. In 2018, he purchased the rights to Fangoria and relaunched the defunct magazine as a print-only publication; he additionally expanded the Fangoria brand to encompass a publishing and film production company.

Beginning his career as an agent, Sonnier later gravitated towards production, initially founding the California-based Caliber Media with partner Jack Heller. Wanting to bring major film productions to the state of Texas, he returned there in 2016 to found the Dallas-based production company Cinestate.
Kingston Aces
The Kingston Aces were a pair of senior ice hockey teams based in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

The first Kingston Aces were members of the Ontario Hockey Association (OHA). They played in the OHA Senior A League from 1965 to 1973, and played home games at the Kingston Memorial Centre. The Aces won the J. Ross Robertson Cup as league champions during the 1966–67 season.

The second Kingston Aces played in the OHA's Eastern Ontario Senior Hockey League in 2005 and 2006. During this time the league was at Senior AAA level, having just been promoted from Senior A.

Senior ice hockey
Senior hockey refers to amateur or semi-professional ice hockey competition. There are no age restrictions for Senior players, who typically consist of those whose Junior eligibility has expired.

Most senior hockey leagues operate under the jurisdiction of Hockey Canada or USA Hockey. They are not affiliated in any way with professional hockey leagues. Many former professional players play Senior hockey after their pro careers are over. The top Senior teams in Canada (Senior AAA) compete annually for the Allan Cup.
Moonlight Shinshū
The Moonlight Shinshū (ムーンライト信州) was a seasonal overnight Rapid service operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East), which ran between Shinjuku and Hakuba Station via the Chūō Main Line, Shinonoi Line, and Ōito Line. The service started in 2002, and is operated using 6- or 9-car 183 series or 189 series EMUs. While JR East has not formally announced its discontinuation, no services have operated since December 30, 2018.

Ōito Line
The Ōito Line (大糸線, Ōito-sen) is a railway line in Japan which connects Matsumoto Station in Nagano Prefecture with Itoigawa Station in Niigata Prefecture. There are two operators on the line: East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and West Japan Railway Company (JR West). Minami-Otari is the boundary for the two companies. The section of the line operated by JR East, between Minami-Otari and Matsumoto, is electrified and trains are fairly regular along this section. The JR West section from Minami-Otari to Itoigawa, however, is not electrified and sees less use. Trains operate less frequently along this section.
2004 Copa del Rey final
The 2004 Copa del Rey final was the 102nd final of the Copa del Rey. The final was played at Montjuïc in Barcelona, on 17 March 2004.

The match was won by Zaragoza, who defeated Real Madrid 3–2 after extra time, winning the tournament for the sixth time in club history.

Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys
Lluís Companys Olympic Stadium, also known as Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys, formerly known as the Estadi de Montjuïc and Estadi Olímpic de Montjuïc and also known in English as the Barcelona Olympic Stadium, is a stadium in Barcelona, Catalonia. Originally built in 1927 for the 1929 International Exposition in the city (and Barcelona's failed bid for the 1936 Summer Olympics, which were awarded to Berlin), it was renovated in 1989 to be the main stadium for the 1992 Summer Olympics and 1992 Summer Paralympics. The stadium is named after Lluís Companys, the 123rd president of the Generalitat de Catalunya (Government of Catalonia), who was executed by Francoist Spain.

With its current capacity of 55,926 seats (67,007 during the 1992 Olympics), it is the sixth-largest stadium in Spain and the second largest in Catalonia.

The stadium is located in the Anella Olímpica, on Montjuïc, a hill to the southwest of the city that overlooks the harbor.
Bemidji State Beavers men's ice hockey statistical leaders
The Bemidji State Beavers men's ice hockey statistical leaders are individual statistical leaders of the Bemidji State Beavers men's ice hockey program in various categories, including goals, assists, points, and saves. Within those areas, the lists identify single-game, single-season, and career leaders. The Beavers represent Bemidji State University in the NCAA's Central Collegiate Hockey Association.

Bemidji State began competing in intercollegiate ice hockey in 1947.  These lists are updated through the end of the 2020–21 season.

Save (goaltender)
In ice hockey and association football, a goaltender is credited with a save when they prevent a shot by the opponent from entering the net. A goaltender's efficiency in stopping shots, the save percentage, is calculated as a percentage of shots stopped divided by the total number of shots on goal. If a goaltender makes all the saves within a game it is called a shutout. In association football this is called a clean sheet.
The Making of Bobby Burnit
The Making of Bobby Burnit is a lost 1914 American silent drama film directed by Oscar Apfel and written by George Randolph Chester and Winchell Smith. The film stars Edward Abeles, Bessie Barriscale, Howard Hickman, George Hernandez, Theodore Roberts and Sydney Deane. It was released on September 17, 1914, by Paramount Pictures.

Winchell Smith
Winchell Smith (5 April 1871 – 10 June 1933) was an American playwright, known for big hit works such as Brewster's Millions (1906) and Lightnin'  (1918). Many of his plays were made into movies. He spent freely but left a large fortune at his death.
Potzberg
The Potzberg (German pronunciation: [ˈpɔtsbɛʁk]), known as "King of the Westrich" (König des Westrich), is a wooded hill, 562 m above sea level (NHN) (1,844 ft), in the North Palatine Uplands in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

Normalhöhennull
Normalhöhennull (German pronunciation: [nɔʁmaːlˈhøːənˌnʊl], "standard elevation zero") or NHN is a vertical datum used in Germany.

In geographical terms, NHN is the reference plane for the normal height of a topographical eminence height above mean sea level used in the 1932 German Mean Height Reference System (Deutsches Haupthöhennetz). The plane is in the shape of a quasi-geoid. The reference height is a geodetic, fixed point on the New Church of St. Alexander at Wallenhorst in the German state of Lower Saxony. The geopotential height of this point was calculated in 1986 as part of the United European Levelling Network (UELN), based on the Amsterdam Ordnance Datum.
St. Valentine's Day Massacre (EP)
St. Valentine's Day Massacre is an EP recorded by members of Motörhead and their Bronze Records labelmates Girlschool, under the moniker Headgirl. It reached number five in the UK Singles Charts in 1981.

Phil Taylor (musician)
Philip John Taylor (21 September 1954 – 12 November 2015), better known as "Philthy Animal", was an English drummer. He was a member of the rock band Motörhead from 1975 to 1984 and 1987 to 1992, recording eleven studio albums and four live albums with the band. The Motörhead line-up consisting of Taylor, Lemmy and "Fast" Eddie Clarke is generally regarded as the 'classic' line-up of the band.