hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henry Broughton Thomson
Henry Broughton Thomson (July 21, 1870 – September 17, 1939) was a Canadian merchant and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Victoria City from 1907 to 1916 in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a Conservative. He did not seek a fourth term in the 1916 provincial election.

He was born in Newry, County Down, the eldest son of Captain William Thomson and Alice Broughton.  He had several brothers, including William Montgomery Thomson; Gwyneth Bebb married another brother, Thomas Weldon Thomson.

He was educated in Bedford, England. Thomson came to British Columbia in 1893. He was a director of Turner, Beeton & Co., of the Colonist Printing & Publishing Co., of the Victoria Transfer Co. Ltd and of the Silicon Brick Lime Co. Ltd. Thomson served as whip for the Conservative Party in the assembly. In 1918, he was named chairman of the Canadian Food Board. Thomson died in Vancouver at the age of 69.

Newry
Newry (/ˈnjʊəri/; from Irish An Iúraigh) is a city in Northern Ireland, standing on the Clanrye River in counties Down and Armagh. It is near the border with the Republic of Ireland, on the main route between Belfast (34 miles/55 km away) and Dublin (67 miles/108 km away). The population was 27,913 in 2021.

Newry was founded in 1144 as a settlement around a Cistercian abbey. In the 16th century the English dissolved the abbey and built Bagenal's Castle on the site. Newry grew as a market town and a garrison, and became a port in 1742 when the Newry Canal was opened, the first summit-level canal in Ireland. A cathedral city, it is the episcopal seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dromore. In 2002, as part of the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II, Newry was granted city status along with Lisburn.
Link quality analysis
In adaptive high-frequency (HF) radio, link quality analysis (LQA) is the overall process by which measurements of radio signal quality are made, assessed, and analyzed.

In LQA, signal quality is determined by measuring, assessing, and analyzing link parameters, such as bit error ratio (BER), and the levels of the ratio of signal-plus-noise-plus-distortion to noise-plus-distortion (SINAD). Measurements are stored at—and exchanged between—stations, for use in making decisions about link establishment.

For adaptive HF radio, LQA is automatically performed and is usually based on analyses of pseudo-BERs and SINAD readings.

Telecommunications link
In a telecommunications network, a link is a communication channel that connects two or more devices for the purpose of data transmission. The link may be a dedicated physical link or a virtual circuit that uses one or more physical links or shares a physical link with other telecommunications links.

A telecommunications link is generally based on one of several types of information transmission paths such as those provided by communication satellites, terrestrial radio communications infrastructure (a radio link) and computer networks to connect two or more points.

The term link is widely used in computer networking to refer to the communications facilities that connect nodes of a network.

Sometimes the communications facilities that provide the communication channel that constitutes a link are also included in the definition of link.ipv4 for cell phone
Shovavim
Shovavim (Hebrew: שובבי״ם) is a period of six to eight weeks each year, in which some Kabbalists teach one should focus on repenting for one's sins, particularly sexual sins.

The term shovavim is a Hebrew acronym consisting of the initial letters of the parshioth (Torah portions) of "Shemot", "Va'era", "Bo", "Beshalach", "Yitro" and "Mishpatim". The period in which these portions are read typically falls around Tevet-Shevat in the Hebrew calendar (corresponding to January–February). During a Hebrew calendrical leap year, this period is extended to an eight-week sequence called "Shovavim Tat", derived by adding the next two portions, "Terumah" and "Tetzaveh", to the list.

When read as a Hebrew word, shovavim means "mischief-makers." This word appears in Jeremiah 3:22, which begins: "Return, mischief makers" (שׁוּבוּ בָּנִים שׁוֹבָבִים). The name shovavim is thus symbolic of the repentance which one is exhorted to do in this period.

Tevet
Tevet (Hebrew: טֵבֵת‎, Standard Ṭevet; Tiberian Ṭēḇēṯ; from Akkadian ṭebētu) is the fourth month of the civil year and the tenth month of the ecclesiastical year on the Hebrew calendar. It follows Kislev and precedes Shevat. It is a month of 29 days. Tevet usually occurs in December–January on the Gregorian calendar. In the Babylonian calendar its name was Araḫ Ṭebētum, the "muddy month".
Mimosaperdopsis
Mimosaperdopsis is a monotypic beetle genus in the family Cerambycidae described by Stephan von Breuning in 1959. Its single species, Mimosaperdopsis apiculata, was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1916.

Stephan von Breuning (entomologist)
Stephan von Breuning (21 November 1894 – 11 March 1983) was an Austrian entomologist who specialised in the study of beetles (coleopterology), particularly within the Carabus, Calosoma and Ceroglossus (all of them are genera of the Carabidae family, also known as ground beetles) and the longhorn family (Cerambycidae).
Action Jackson (2014 film)
Action Jackson is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language action film directed by Prabhu Deva and produced by Gordhan P. Tanwani and Sunil Lulla. A remake of the 2008 Bengali film Mr. Funtoosh, the name of the film is borrowed from the 1988 American film of the same name. It stars Ajay Devgn in a dual role, alongside Yami Gautam, Sonakshi Sinha, Manasvi Mamgai,  Kunaal Roy Kapur and Anandaraj.

Action Jackson was released on 5 December 2014 to negative reviews from critics and bombed at the box office.

Dual role
A dual role (also known as a double role) is an instance of one actor playing two roles in a single production. Dual roles (or a larger number of roles for an actor) may be deliberately written into a script, or may instead be a choice made during production, often due to a low budget. In film and television, dual roles are often used for comic effect, or to depict identical twins or other relatives. In a theatrical production where more than one actor plays multiple characters, it is sometimes referred to as an "Ironman" cast.
Francis M. Wood
Francis Marion Wood (1878 – May 8, 1943) was an American educator and school administrator. Born and educated in Kentucky, Wood achieved his greatest prominence as the director of Negro schools for Baltimore City Public Schools, a role that he held for 18 years, from 1925 until his death.

Beyond his role with Baltimore schools, Wood was an active leader in several state and nationwide educational and civil rights organizations.  At the time of his death, Wood was recognized as a "nationally-known Negro educator."

Kentucky State University
Kentucky State University (KSU, and KYSU) is a public historically black land-grant university in Frankfort, Kentucky, United States. Founded in 1886 as the State Normal School for Colored Persons, and becoming a land-grant college in 1890, KSU is the second-oldest state-supported institution of higher learning in Kentucky.
Ambergris
Ambergris (/ˈæmbərɡriːs/ or /ˈæmbərɡrɪs/; Latin: ambra grisea; Old French: ambre gris), ambergrease, or grey amber is a solid, waxy, flammable substance of a dull grey or blackish colour produced in the digestive system of sperm whales. Freshly produced ambergris has a marine, fecal odor. It acquires a sweet, earthy scent as it ages, commonly likened to the fragrance of isopropyl alcohol without the vaporous chemical astringency.

Ambergris has been highly valued by perfume makers as a fixative that allows the scent to last much longer, although it has been mostly replaced by synthetic ambroxide. It is sometimes used in cooking.

Dogs are attracted to the smell of ambergris and are sometimes used by ambergris searchers.

Astringent
An astringent (sometimes called adstringent) is a chemical that shrinks or constricts body tissues. The word derives from the Latin adstringere, which means "to bind fast". Astringency, the dry, puckering or numbing mouthfeel caused by the tannins in unripe fruits, lets the fruit mature by deterring eating. Tannins, being a kind of polyphenol, bind salivary proteins and make them precipitate and aggregate, producing a rough, "sandpapery", or dry sensation in the mouth.

Smoking tobacco is also reported to have an astringent effect.

In a scientific study, astringency was still detectable by subjects who had local anesthesia applied to their taste nerves, but not when both these and the trigeminal nerves were disabled.
Kurds in Switzerland
Kurds in Switzerland are residents in Switzerland of full or partial Kurds origin. The Kurds in Switzerland mainly reside in the Cantons of Zurich, Aargau and Basel-Stadt and are descendants of migrants of refugees from the regions around Pazarcık, Kahraranmaraş or Erzincan. There are also shia kurdish migrants from Iranian Kurdistan, the region around Ilam and Kermanshah along with Feyli Kurds from Baghdad who mainly reside Geneva and Zürich.

Erzincan
Erzincan (pronounced [æɾˈzindʒan]; Kurdish: Erzîngan), historically Yerznka (Armenian: Երզնկա), is the capital of Erzincan Province in eastern Turkey. Nearby cities include Erzurum, Sivas, Tunceli, Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya, Gümüşhane, Bayburt, and Giresun. The city is majority Turkish Sunni with significant Kurdish and Alevi minorities.

The city had a population of 150,714 in 2022, an increase from 86,779 in 2007.
Peptidoglycan recognition protein
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are a group of highly conserved pattern recognition receptors with at least one peptidoglycan recognition domain capable of recognizing the peptidoglycan component of the cell wall of bacteria. They are present in insects, mollusks, echinoderms and chordates. The mechanism of action of PGRPs varies between taxa. In insects, PGRPs kill bacteria indirectly by activating one of four unique effector pathways: prophenoloxidase cascade, Toll pathway, IMD pathway, and induction of phagocytosis. In mammals, PGRPs either kill bacteria directly by interacting with their cell wall or outer membrane, or hydrolyze peptidoglycan. They also modulate inflammation and microbiome and interact with host receptors.

Prophenoloxidase
Prophenoloxidase (proPO) is a modified form of the complement response found in some invertebrates, including insects, crabs and worms. It is a copper-containing metalloprotein.

A major innate defense system in invertebrates is the melanization of pathogens and damaged tissues. This important process is controlled by the enzyme phenoloxidase (PO). The conversion of prophenoloxidase to the active form of the enzyme can be brought about by minuscule amounts of molecules such as lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and beta-1,3-glucans from microorganisms.

However, it still has many arguments in the innate immune function, especially in model invertebrate animal. The proPO homologous-protein in mammal also does not have any immune activity. Thus, it might be difficult to conclude its function in immunity.
Grand Crossing Park
Grand Crossing Park is a public park at 7655 S. Ingleside Avenue in the Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Opened in 1915, the park was planned by the South Park Commission, which was responsible for adding several parks in dense, poor South Side neighborhoods. While the South Park Commission designed the park and its facilities in-house, its designs were heavily influenced by the work of the Olmsted Brothers and D. H. Burnham and Company in its earlier parks. The park originally included a Beaux-Arts fieldhouse, a swimming pool, outdoor gymnasiums, a baseball field, tennis courts, and running and walking paths. The fieldhouse includes indoor gymnasiums, meeting rooms, and a series of murals titled An Allegory of Recreation.

The park was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 8, 2006.

D. H. Burnham & Company
D.H. Burnham and Company was an architecture firm based in Chicago, Illinois. As successor to Burnham and Root, the name was changed once John Root died in 1891. Root was the chief consulting architect for the World's Columbian Exposition. After Root's death, Daniel Burnham took that title along with his old title of Chief of Construction.
Karikari (surname)
Karikari is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Godfred Karikari (born 1985), Ghanaian-born Hong Kong footballer

Kwame Karikari (born 1992), Ghanaian footballer

Kwaku Karikari (born 2002), Ghanaian footballer

Ohene Karikari (born 1954), Ghanaian sprinter

Richard Karikari (born 1979), Canadian football player

Godfred Karikari
Godfred Karikari (Chinese: 高梵·卡里卡利; Jyutping: Gou1 Faan4 Kaa1 Lei5 Kaa1 Lei6; born 11 March 1985) is a former professional footballer who played as a forward. Born in Ghana, he represented the Hong Kong national football team.
Fabian Drzyzga
Fabian Drzyzga (born 3 January 1990) is a Polish professional volleyball player who plays as a setter for Fenerbahçe. Drzyzga took part in two Olympic Games (Rio 2016, Tokyo 2020) and won the World Champion title in both 2014 and 2018.

CEV Challenge Cup
The CEV Challenge Cup is the third tier official competition for men's volleyball clubs from the whole of Europe.

The competition started in the 1980–81 season under the name CEV Cup. In 2007 it was renamed to CEV Challenge Cup.
Gene Huff
Eugene Huff (October 6, 1929 – December 8, 2011) was an American politician.

Born in Franklin, Ohio, pastor of First Pentecostal Church, founder of Good News Outreach Ministries and WYGE Christian Radio. Huff served in the Kentucky House of Representatives and then was elected to the Kentucky State Senate serving until 1994, when he resigned. On June 15, 1972, Huff was one of 11 Republican senators that voted against Kentucky's ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment. He died in London, Kentucky

Kentucky Senate
The Kentucky Senate is the upper house of the Kentucky General Assembly.  The Kentucky Senate is composed of 38 members elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth.  The Kentucky Senate meets at the Kentucky State Capitol in Frankfort annually beginning in January. Sessions last for 60 legislative days in even-numbered years and 30 legislative days in odd-numbered years.

The Republican Party has had control of the Senate since 1999, currently holding 32 seats, with the Democratic Party holding 5, and 1 seat being vacant. Senators serve four-year terms with no term limits; half (19) of the senators are up for election every second year, coinciding with federal House of Representatives and Senate elections.
Leonard Hutchinson (cricketer)
Leonard Staughton Hutchinson (14 April 1901 – 2 October 1976) was an English cricketer. Hutchinson was a right-handed batsman whose bowling style is unknown. He was born at Anstey, Leicestershire.

Hutchinson made his first-class debut for Leicestershire against Derbyshire in the 1923 County Championship at the Bath Grounds, Ashby-de-la-Zouch. He made seven further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Essex in the 1925 County Championship. He struggled with the bat in his eight first-class matches, scoring a total of 65 runs at an average of 4.64, with a high score of 14, while with the ball he took a single wicket.

He died at Glenfield, Leicestershire on 2 October 1976.

1923 County Championship
The 1923 County Championship was the 30th officially organised running of the County Championship. Yorkshire County Cricket Club won the championship title. Final placings were still decided by calculating the percentage of points gained against possible points available.

In May 1923, Jack Hobbs scored his 100th century in first-class cricket, batting for Surrey against Somerset.
Carpetbagger (band)
Carpetbagger is an alt-country, Americana band based in Austin, Texas. The band was formed in spring of 2012. Carpetbagger consists of lead vocalist and guitarist Greg Loftus, lead guitarist Cody Brown, bassist John Tranum, and drummer Bryan McGrath.

Americana music
Americana is a general term for country rock and rockabilly formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the musical ethos of the United States, with particular emphasis on music historically developed in the American South.
Fengxian Xincheng station
Fengxian Xincheng (simplified Chinese: 奉贤新城; traditional Chinese: 奉賢新城; pinyin: Fèngxián Xīnchéng; lit. 'Fengxian New City') is a station  on Line 5 of the Shanghai Metro. Located at Baixiu Road and Jinhai Highway in the city's Fengxian District, the station is located on the main branch of Line 5 and opened as part of the southern extension of Line 5 on 30 December 2018. It is an underground station and will serve as the southern terminus of the line until the future opening of Pingzhuang Highway. During the planning and construction stages, this station was known as Nanqiao Xincheng (南桥新城; 南橋新城; Nánqiáo Xīnchéng; 'Nanqiao New City').

To the north, the next station on the line is Jinhai Lake. To the south, the tracks ascend above ground to the Pingzhuang rail yard. A future station named Pingzhuang Highway is reserved between this station and the rail yard.

Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.
100 Avenue
100 Avenue is a major arterial road in west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

The road starts as Stony Plain Road (Alberta Highway 16A), and as it approaches Anthony Henday Drive it separates into westbound and eastbound one-way streets. The westbound lanes occupy the 101 Avenue alignment, keeping the name Stony Plain Road, while the eastbound street becomes 100 Avenue. 100 Avenue passes through a commercial area, through the major intersection of 170 Street and Mayfield Road, before becoming its own two-way street at 163 Street; it is also known as John and Zita Rosen Way between 178 Street and 170 Street. It passes by MacEwan University Centre for the Arts Campus before arterial 149 Street, which can be used to get back on Stony Plain Road if one were on the way to downtown.

Arterial road
An arterial road or arterial thoroughfare is a high-capacity urban road that sits below highways on the road hierarchy in terms of traffic flow and speed. The primary function of an arterial road is to deliver traffic from collector roads to highways or expressways, and between urban hubs at a relatively high level of service. Therefore, many arteries are limited-access roads or feature restrictions on private access. Because of their relatively high accessibility, many major roads face large amounts of land use and urban development, making them significant urban places.

In traffic engineering hierarchy, an arterial road delivers traffic between collector roads and highways. For new arterial roads, intersections are often reduced to increase traffic flow. In California, arterial roads are usually spaced every half mile, and have intersecting collector(s) and streets.
Stanišić (surname)
Stanišić is a surname found among Serbs, Montenegrins and Croats.

Notable people with the name include:

Božidar Stanišić, Montenegrin water polo player

Dany Stanišić, Serbian sailor

Josip Stanišić, Croatian football player

Jovica Stanišić, Serbian intelligence officer

Lazar Stanišić, Serbian football player

Mićo Stanišić, Bosnian Serb politician

Petar Stanišić, Montenegrin football player

Saša Stanišić, Bosnian German writer

Strahinja Stanišić, Serbian alpine skier

Vojislav Stanišić, Serbian American football player

Scoop Stanisic
Vojislav "Scoop" Stanisic (Serbian: Војислав Станишић / Vojislav Stanišić; born March 6, 1978) is a retired soccer player who played as a goalkeeper. He was most recently the goalkeeping coach for Columbus Crew in Major League Soccer. He spent most of his career playing indoor soccer in the United States, but also played five outdoor seasons in the American Soccer League, American Professional Soccer League and USISL. He earned one cap with the US national team in 1993.
Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science
Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the integration of psychology and biology through epigenesis. It was established in 1965 by W. H. Gantt and others as Conditional Reflex; the first issue was published in 1966. In 1974 it was renamed The Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science, and it was renamed again to Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science in 1991. The journal obtained its current name in 2007. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media and the editor-in-chief is Jaan Valsiner (Aalborg University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.295.

Aalborg University
Aalborg University (AAU) is an international public university with campuses in Aalborg, Esbjerg, and Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1974, the university awards bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and PhD degrees in a wide variety of subjects within humanities, social sciences, information technology, design, engineering, exact sciences, and medicine.
Mathighatta
Mathighatta may refers to the following places in Karnataka, India:

Mathighatta, Bhadravati, a village in Bhadravati Taluk, Shimoga district

Mathighatta, Chiknayakanhalli, a village in Chiknayakanhalli Taluk, Tumakuru district

Mathighatta, Gubbi, a village in Gubbi Taluk, Tumakuru district

Mathighatta, Hassan, a village in Belur Taluk, Hassan district

Mathighatta, Mandya, a village in Krishnarajpet Taluk, Mandya district

Mathighatta, Shikarpur, a village in Shikarpur Taluk, Shimoga district

Mathighatta, Hassan
Mathighatta is a village in Belur Taluk, Hassan District, Karnataka, India. It is located near the boundary with Chikmagalur District, about 27 kilometres north of the district capital Hassan, and 22 kilometres northeast of the subdistrict capital Belur. In the year 2011, the village had a population of 2,106.
The Tom Joyner Show
The Tom Joyner Show is a one-hour, live-action, comedy-variety show hosted by Tom Joyner.  It features celebrities and musical artists. It is not to be confused with the Tom Joyner Morning Show. It aired from Fall 2005 to May 2006. In May 2006, Joyner announced that the series would cease production due to high production costs. Reruns were seen on TV One.

TV One (American TV channel)
TV One is an American basic cable television channel targeting African American adults. It is owned by Urban One, and headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland. Originally launched as a joint venture with Comcast, Urban One would acquire the former's stake in 2015.

As of November 2023, TV One is available to approximately 43,000,000 pay television households in the United States; down from its 2016 peak of 60,000,000 households. The channel is also an associate member of the Caribbean Cable & Telecommunications Association, Inc. (CCTA)