hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henry Elvins Spencer
Henry Elvins Spencer (7 March 1882 – 1 October 1972) was a Canadian politician.

Born in the United Kingdom, Spencer worked as a printer and publisher in Paris from 1906 to 1907 before emigrating to Canada in 1908. Settling in Alberta, he worked as a farmer.

From 1917 to 1921, he was the provincial secretary of the United Farmers of Alberta.

He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the riding of Battle River in the 1921 federal election. A member of the United Farmers of Alberta, he was re-elected in 1925, 1926, and 1930.

He belonged to the Ginger Group of radical MPs and was a founding member of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation in 1932.

He was defeated as a CCF candidate in the 1935 election and again in 1940 and 1945.

He retired to Comox, British Columbia in 1948 and died in 1972.

Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF; French: Fédération du Commonwealth Coopératif, FCC) was a federal democratic socialist and social-democratic political party in Canada. The CCF was founded in 1932 in Calgary, Alberta, by a number of socialist, agrarian, co-operative, and labour groups, and the League for Social Reconstruction. In 1944, the CCF formed one of the first social-democratic governments in North America when it was elected to form the provincial government in Saskatchewan.

The full, but little used, name of the party was Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Farmer-Labour-Socialist).

In 1961, the CCF was succeeded by the New Democratic Party (NDP).
David Matas
David Matas CM (born 29 August 1943) is the senior legal counsel of B'nai Brith Canada who currently resides in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He has maintained a private practice in refugee, immigration, and human rights law since 1979, and has published various books and manuscripts.

Criticizing impunity for human rights abuses, Matas stated: "Nothing emboldens a criminal so much as the knowledge he can get away with a crime."

Impunity
Impunity is the ability to act with exemption from punishments, losses, or other negative consequences. In the international law of human rights, impunity is failure to bring perpetrators of human rights violations to justice and, as such, itself constitutes a denial of the victims' right to justice and redress. Impunity is especially common in countries which lack the tradition of rule of law, or suffer from pervasive corruption, or contain entrenched systems of patronage, or where the judiciary is weak or members of the security forces are protected by special jurisdictions or immunities. Impunity is sometimes considered a form of denialism of historical crimes.
Pan'kovo test range
The Pan'kovo test range is a missile launch site of the Russian Armed Forces. The site is located 170 km north of Rogachevo air base on Yuzhny Island of the Novaya Zemlya archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. Personnel can arrive at the test range via helicopters from the air base.

As of July 2025 the Pan'kovo test range has no port. Instead, in recent years a floating jetty has been placed at the shore during the summer and cargo from arriving ships is brought to shore by barges. One vessel that has delivered cargo to the test site is Rosatomflot's nuclear-powered cargo ship Sevmorput that can float out lighters with containers.

Missile
A missile is an airborne ranged weapon capable of self-propelled flight aided usually by a propellant, jet engine or rocket motor.

Historically, 'missile' referred to any projectile that is thrown, shot or propelled towards a target; this usage is still recognized today with any unguided jet- or rocket-propelled weapons generally described as rocket artillery. Airborne explosive devices without propulsion are referred to as shells if fired by an artillery piece and bombs if dropped by an aircraft.

Missiles are also generally guided towards specific targets termed as guided missiles or guided rockets. Missile systems usually have five system components: targeting, guidance system, flight system, engine, and warhead. Missiles are primarily classified into different types based on firing source and target such as surface-to-surface, air-to-surface, surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles.
La Mota Castle (Medina del Campo)
The La Mota Castle or Castillo de La Mota is a medieval fortress in the town of Medina del Campo, province of Valladolid, Spain. It is so named because of its location on an elevated hill, a mota (in Spanish), from where it dominates the town and surrounding land. The adjacent town came to be surrounded by an expanding series of walls in subsequent years, of which little remains.

It has been protected by the state since 1904, first as a national monument and more recently as a site of cultural interest, or Bien de Interés Cultural.

Bien de Interés Cultural
Bien de Interés Cultural (Basque: Kultura Intereseko Ondasun, Catalan: Bé d'Interès Cultural, Valencian: Bé d'Interés Cultural, Galician: Ben de Interese Cultural) is a category of the heritage register in Spain. The term is also used in Colombia and other Spanish-speaking countries.

The term literally means a "good of cultural interest" ("goods" in the economic sense). It includes not only material heritage (cultural property), like monuments or movable works of art, but also intangible cultural heritage, such as the Silbo Gomero language.

Some bienes enjoy international protection as World Heritage Sites or Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Colm O'Neill (Midleton Gaelic footballer)
Colm O'Neill (born 20 June 1964) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer. At club level he played with Midleton and was also a member of the Cork senior football team. O'Neill usually lined out as a forward.

1984 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1984 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the 21st staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Mayo entered the championship as defending champions.

On 26 August 1984, Cork won the championship following a 0–9 to 0–6 defeat of Mayo in the All-Ireland final. This was their fifth All-Ireland title overall and their first in three championship seasons.
King Island Council
King Island Council is a local government body in Tasmania, encompassing King Island and the adjacent minor islands within Bass Strait, in the north-west of the state. The King Island local government area is classified as rural and has a population of 1,601, with Currie as the main town and administrative centre.

Bass Strait
Bass Strait is a strait separating the island state of Tasmania from the Australian mainland (more specifically the coast of Victoria, with the exception of the land border across Boundary Islet). The strait provides the most direct waterway between the Great Australian Bight and the Tasman Sea, and is also the only maritime route into the economically prominent Port Phillip Bay.

Formed 8,000 years ago by rising sea levels at the end of the last glacial period, the strait was named after English explorer and physician George Bass (1771–1803) by European colonists.
Zaouiat Lakouacem
Zaouiat Lakouacem is a small town and rural commune in El Jadida Province of the Casablanca-Settat region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 21,726 people living in 2153 households.

El Jadida Province
El Jadida Province (Arabic: الجديدة) is a province of Morocco, located in the region of Casablanca-Settat. The province takes its name from the chief city of El Jadida. Its population in 2024 was 912,835.
Hempstead High School (Texas)
Hempstead High School is a public high school located in the city of Hempstead, Texas, United States and classified as a 3A school by the UIL.  It is a part of the Hempstead Independent School District located in northwestern Waller County.   In 2015, the school was rated "Improvement Required" by the Texas Education Agency.

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
Trissexodon constrictus
Trissexodon constrictus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Trissexodontidae.

Trissexodon constrictus is the type species of the genus Trissexodon.

Terrestrial mollusc
Terrestrial molluscs or land molluscs (mollusks) are an ecological group that includes all molluscs that live on land in contrast to freshwater and marine molluscs. They probably first occurred in the Carboniferous, arising from freshwater ones.
With You in Mind (album)
With You in Mind is Alma Cogan's second album, issued in 1961. It was her first album to be released on Columbia Records, an EMI Records label.

The original mono version of the album was re-issued on compact disc by EMI Records in 2003, combined with Cogan's previous album, I Love to Sing. The stereo versions of the album release are included on the 2001 EMI Records 4-CD boxset, The Girl With a Laugh in Her Voice.

Alma Cogan
Alma Angela Cohen Cogan (19 May 1932 – 26 October 1966) was an English singer of traditional pop in the 1950s and early 1960s. Dubbed the "Girl with the Giggle in Her Voice", she was the highest paid British female entertainer of her era.
Rheometer
A rheometer is a laboratory device used to measure the way in which a viscous fluid (a liquid, suspension or slurry) flows in response to applied forces.  It is used for those fluids which cannot be defined by a single value of viscosity and therefore require more parameters to be set and measured than is the case for a viscometer.  It measures the rheology of the fluid.

There are two distinctively different types of rheometers.  Rheometers that control the applied shear stress or shear strain are called rotational or shear rheometers, whereas rheometers that apply extensional stress or extensional strain are extensional rheometers.
Rotational or shear type rheometers are usually designed as either a native strain-controlled instrument (control and apply a user-defined shear strain which can then measure the resulting shear stress) or a native stress-controlled instrument (control and apply a user-defined shear stress and measure the resulting shear strain).

Suspension (chemistry)
In chemistry, a suspension is a heterogeneous mixture of a fluid that contains solid particles sufficiently large for sedimentation. The particles may be visible to the naked eye, usually must be larger than one micrometer, and will eventually settle, although the mixture is only classified as a suspension when and while the particles have not settled out.
Elaine Delmar
Elaine Delmar (born Elaine Pamela Hutchinson; 1 September 1939) is a British singer and actress, whose career has encompassed stage acting, music recording and concert performances. Born in Harpenden, she is the daughter of Jamaican jazz trumpeter Leslie "Jiver" Hutchinson. After learning the piano as a child, Delmar became a singer and toured with her father's band from the age of sixteen.

In 1952, she appeared in Finian's Rainbow in Liverpool. She sang with Coleridge Goode's group The Dominoes for a month in Germany in the mid-1950s, before going solo. Delmar also appeared in the Ken Russell film Mahler (1974).

Mermaid Theatre
The Mermaid Theatre was a theatre encompassing the site of Puddle Dock and Curriers' Alley at Blackfriars in the City of London, and the first built in the City since the time of Shakespeare. It was one of the first new theatres to abandon the traditional stage layout; instead of this, a single tier of seats surrounded the stage on three sides.
French ship Lapérouse (A791)
Lapérouse (A 791) is a hydrography survey vessel of the Lapérouse class of the French Navy (designed Bâtiment hydrographique de deuxième classe (BH)). The ship is deployed on the French coast, or in foreign waters for international cooperation. She is fitted with electric propulsion and a hydrographic winch that allows it to perform oceanographic work.

Naval Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service
The Naval Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service (French: Service hydrographique et océanographique de la Marine or SHOM) is a French public establishment of an administrative nature (French: établissement public à caractère administratif) administered by the Ministry of Armed Forces.  It is the successor to the Dépôt des cartes et plans de la Marine, founded in 1720 which became the Naval Hydrographic Service in 1886 and the Naval and Oceanographic Service in 1971. Its present form was set up by decree number 2007-800 on 11 May 2007.  Its board is presided over by the Chief of Staff of the French Navy (French: Chef d'État-Major de la Marine) and the body is directed by a director-general.
Córdoba Fault
Córdoba Fault (Spanish: Falla de Córdoba) is a geological fault in central Argentina. The fault is dextral and makes up the boundary between the rocks of the Pampean Orogen and Río de la Plata Craton. It is considered by scientists an extension of the Trans Brazilian Lineament.

Trans Brazilian Lineament
The Trans Brazilian Lineament (TBL), or Transbrasiliano Lineament, is a major shear zone that developed in the Precambrian period, and that has been reactivated several times since then, mostly recently during the Mesozoic. Movement along the shear zone helps explain how the South American continent could have fitted tightly to the African continent before the breakup of Gondwana.
Walford, Letton and Newton
Walford, Letton and Newton is a civil parish in north Herefordshire, England, and approximately 20 miles (30 km) north-northwest from the city and county town of Hereford, and 2 miles (3 km) east from the border with Wales.

Parish settlements are the village of Walford, at the north, and the hamlets of Letton and Newton farther south. The post town is Craven Arms and post district, SY7. Parish population at the 2011 census was 179.

Walford village is 600 yards (500 m) south of the River Teme, and about 1 mile (1.6 km) south-west of Leintwardine. The A4113 Bromfield to Knighton road runs through the village. Mound remains of a motte-and-bailey are at the east of Walford (grid reference SO3913972413). Letton, 1.5 miles (2 km) south of Walford, comprises two farms and two residential properties. Newton comprises a group of farm buildings and a row of six cottages.

At the time of the Domesday Survey Walford was known as 'Waliforde', which may mean 'ford of the Welshmen'.

Knighton, Powys
Knighton (Welsh: Tref-y-clawdd [trɛvəˈklauð] ⓘ or Trefyclo) is a market town and community on the River Teme in Powys, Wales. It is located on the England–Wales border, and a small part of the town, including its railway station, lies over the border in the Shropshire parish of Stowe.

Originally an Anglo-Saxon settlement, Knighton is located on Offa's Dyke, the ancient earthwork that divided the two countries. It later became a Norman defensive border town. It was historically in Radnorshire.
Emil and the Detectives (1954 film)
Emil and the Detectives (German: Emil und die Detektive) is a 1954 West German family adventure film directed by Robert A. Stemmle and starring Heli Finkenzeller, Wolfgang Lukschy and Kurt Meisel.

It is a remake of the 1931 film of the same name which was based on a 1929 novel by Erich Kästner. Unlike the earlier version which was set during the Great Depression, this film was made with Eastmancolor and portrays West Berlin during the economic miracle.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Willi Herrmann and Heinrich Weidemann. It was shot at the Tempelhof Studios in Berlin and on location across the city.

Children's film
A children's film, or family film, is a film genre that generally relates to children in the context of home and family. Children's films are made specifically for children and not necessarily for a general audience, while family films are made for a wider appeal with a general audience in mind. Children's films come in several major genres like realism, fantasy, adventure, war, musicals, comedy, and literary adaptations.
Mojave (film)
Mojave is a 2015 American crime thriller film written and directed by William Monahan. The film stars Garrett Hedlund, Oscar Isaac, Mark Wahlberg, Louise Bourgoin, and Walton Goggins.

The film premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 18, 2015. The film was released on DirecTV Cinema on December 3, 2015, prior to opening in a limited release on January 22, 2016, by A24.

Fran Kranz
Francis Elliott Kranz is an American actor and film director. He is known for his portrayal of Topher Brink in the Fox science fiction drama series Dollhouse. Kranz had prominent roles in the films The Cabin in the Woods and Much Ado About Nothing. In 2012, he played Bernard in Death of a Salesman, beginning a career on Broadway that continued with 2014's You Can't Take It with You.

Kranz made his feature directorial debut with Mass (2021), which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival to critical acclaim. From 2022 to 2023, he was a regular cast member in the Max series Julia.
Bakit Papa
“Bakit Papa?” (trans. “Why, Papa?”) is a 2002 dance-pop and novelty song by Filipino girl group the SexBomb Girls, released as the lead single from their debut studio album Unang Putok. Written and composed by Lito Camo, the track is characterized by its catchy hook, playful lyrics, and repetitive chant structure, which helped make it one of the group’s earliest and most recognizable hits and played a key role in establishing them as recording artists beyond their variety show origins on Eat Bulaga!. The song’s popularity led to a feature film adaptation of the same name starring the group and prominent Filipino actors, and it has endured as a cultural touchstone in Philippine pop music. Over two decades later, the song continues to influence artists, with a 2023 contemporary R&B-inflected version released by the P-Pop girl group YARA, illustrating its lasting appeal across generations.

Eat Bulaga!
Eat Bulaga! (transl. eat surprise!; stylized as Eat... Bulaga!) is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by Radio Philippines Network, ABS-CBN, GMA Network and TV5. Originally hosted by Tito Sotto, Vic Sotto, Joey de Leon, Chiqui Hollmann and Richie D'Horsie, it premiered on Radio Philippines Network on July 30, 1979, on the network's afternoon line up. The show moved to ABS-CBN on February 18, 1989, and later on GMA Network on January 28, 1995. By 2024, TV5 airs the show. It is the longest-running variety show in the Philippines. The show is currently produced by TVJ Productions, Inc. and hosted by Tito Sotto, Vic Sotto, Joey de Leon, Jose Manalo, Allan K., Wally Bayola, Paolo Ballesteros, Pauleen Luna, Ryan Agoncillo, Ryzza Mae Dizon, Maine Mendoza, Miles Ocampo, Carren Eistrup, Atasha Muhlach, R'Bonney Gabriel, Ian Red  and Julia Barretto.
Ketsumeishi
Ketsumeishi (ケツメイシ) is a four-member Japanese pop and hip hop group that incorporates singing and rapping into their music. They have had several major hits in Japan, including "Sakura", which reached number two on the Oricon yearly chart for 2005 and was featured in the Japanese game Taiko no Tatsujin. Ketsumeishi is a Japanese word for a type of medical herbs made from the seeds of Senna obtusifolia, which is often used in Chinese medicine.

Taiko no Tatsujin
Taiko no Tatsujin (太鼓の達人; lit. 'Master of the Drums') is a Japanese video game series developed and published by Namco (now Bandai Namco Entertainment). In the games, players simulate playing a taiko drum in rhythm with music. The series has released titles for the arcade as well as for console and mobile platforms, including PlayStation 2, Advanced Pico Beena, PlayStation Portable, Nintendo DS, Wii, Nintendo 3DS, Wii U, PlayStation Vita, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Nintendo Switch, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Microsoft Windows, iOS, Android, and Japanese feature phones.

Although the series was primarily developed for the Japanese market, localized versions have also been released in English, Chinese, and Korean.
Stopping time
In probability theory, in particular in the study of stochastic processes, a stopping time (also Markov time, Markov moment, optional stopping time or optional time) is a specific type of "random time": a random variable whose value is interpreted as the time at which a given stochastic process exhibits a certain behavior of interest. A stopping time is often defined by a stopping rule, a mechanism for deciding whether to continue or stop a process on the basis of the present position and past events, and which will almost always lead to a decision to stop at some finite time.

Stopping times occur in decision theory, and the optional stopping theorem is an important result in this context. Stopping times are also frequently applied in mathematical proofs to "tame the continuum of time", as Chung put it in his book (1982).

Decision theory
Decision theory or the theory of rational choice is a branch of probability, economics, and analytic philosophy that uses expected utility and probability to model how individuals would behave rationally under uncertainty. It differs from the cognitive and behavioral sciences in that it is mainly prescriptive and concerned with identifying optimal decisions for a rational agent, rather than describing how people actually make decisions. Despite this, the field is important to the study of real human behavior by social scientists, as it lays the foundations to mathematically model and analyze individuals in fields such as sociology, economics, criminology, cognitive science, moral philosophy and political science.
N'Awlinz Dis Dat or d'Udda
N'Awlinz Dis Dat or d'Udda is a studio album by American musician Dr. John. It was released on July 13, 2004, via Blue Note Records. It was recorded at Piety Street Recording in New Orleans with additional recording at Right Track Recording in New York City and House Of Blues Studio in California. Production was handled by Stewart Levine.

At the 47th Annual Grammy Awards, the album has been nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album and the song "Lay My Burden Down" received a nomination for a Grammy Award for Best Gospel Performance.

Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album
The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album was awarded from 1988 to 2011 and from 2017 onwards. Until 1992 the award was known as Best Contemporary Blues Performance and in 1989 was awarded to a song rather than to an album.

The award was discontinued after the 2011 Grammy season in a major overhaul of Grammy categories. From 2012 onwards, the category was merged with the Best Traditional Blues Album category to form the new Best Blues Album category. However, in 2016 the Grammy organisation decided to revert the situation back to the pre-2012 era, with two separate categories for traditional and contemporary blues recordings respectively.

Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out, for music released in the previous year. Buddy Guy and Keb' Mo hold the record of most wins in the category with four each, followed by Robert Cray, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Taj Mahal and Fantastic Negrito, all with three wins.