hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
California High School (Whittier, California)
California High School (CHS) is a public high school in South Whittier, California and belongs to the Whittier Union High School District.

"Calhi", as it is known, is home to the Condors, with around 2,250 students currently attending. The mascot is the condor and the school colors are navy and gold. The campus is located outside the city limits of Whittier in unincorporated South Whittier.

Cal Hi has been recently honored as a California Distinguished School, and is highly praised for its academies. It also offers a Latin program. Many sports are offered, such as golf, soccer, tennis, water polo, swimming, softball, baseball, volleyball, cross-country, wrestling, track, cheerleading and football. The band has also won many commendations and awards, including sweepstakes at the local Band Jam competition 4 years running under the direction of Doug Nordquist (2004–2006), and has ranked 6th in the SCSBOA Marching Band Championship Competition!

Southern California School Band and Orchestra Association
The Southern California School Band and Orchestra Association (SCSBOA) provides a number of services for elementary through college level instrumental music groups in Southern California, including providing clinics for educators and students and hosting festivals for soloists and ensembles, including marching band competitions.
Russell Nant
Russell David Nant (born 1952) is a New Zealand road and track cyclist.

Nant was born in Palmerston North in 1952. He won the bronze medal in the men's 4000 m team pursuit, alongside Paul Brydon, René Heyde and Blair Stockwell, at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games in Christchurch. At those games, he also competed in the men's 4000 m individual pursuit, but did not progress beyond the qualification round.

In 1978, Nant won two stages of the Herald Sun Tour of Victoria in Australia. The following year, he won the sprint ace title in the Tour of Southland.

At the 2005 New Zealand national championships, Nant placed fourth in the veteran 4 / athletes with disabilities men's 70 km road race. In 2009, he won the men's 55–59 division of the Yarrows Cycle Challenge in New Plymouth.

Tour of Southland
The Tour of Southland is a road bicycle racing stage race held in the Southland region of New Zealand.  From 2005 until 2009, the Tour of Southland has been part of the UCI Oceania Tour however the 2010 event was held as a National Tour. The Tour is held annually in November.  The race is organised and delivered by Cycling Southland. The race's title sponsor is SBS Bank, a New Zealand bank, which is the country's largest building society.
Badaud
The badaud is an important urban type from 18th and 19th-century French literature, one that has been adapted to explain aspects of mass culture and modern experience.

The term badaud (plural: badauds) comes from the French and has the basic meaning of "gawker", or more neutrally, "bystander". The term usually carries the connotation of idle curiosity, gullibility, simpleminded foolishness and gaping ignorance. It was an old inheritance, but was elaborated as an urban type in the eighteenth and nineteenth century to describe the street crowds that were an essential feature of the Parisian landscape. Like the flâneur, to which it has been frequently contrasted, the badaud has been construed as an emblematic figure of the modern, urban experience and of mass culture. The term badauderie (though not frequently used) refers to the act of gathering in a street crowd or gawking.

Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle
The Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃ diksjɔnɛːʁ ynivɛʁsɛl dy diznœvjɛm sjɛkl], Great Universal Dictionary of the 19th Century), often called the Grand Larousse du dix-neuvième (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃ laʁus dy diznœvjɛm]), is a French encyclopedic dictionary. It was planned, directed, published, and to a substantial degree written by Pierre Larousse, though he also relied on anonymous fellow contributors and though he died in 1875, before its completion. The publication of the Grand dictionnaire universel in 15 volumes of 1500 pages extended from 1866 to 1876. Two supplements were published in 1877 and 1890.
Calender Meadows
Calender Meadows is a 3.1-hectare (7.7-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Guilsborough in Northamptonshire.

This is described by Natural England as "a nationally important site for its lowland unimproved neutral grassland". It has a wide variety of native herbs and grasses. There are herbs such as lady's bedstraw, meadow vetchling and common bird's-foot trefoil, and grasses include red fescue, sweet vernal-grass and false oat-grass.

The site is private land with no public access.

Guilsborough
Guilsborough is a village and civil parish in West Northamptonshire in England. At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 882 people, reducing to 692 at the 2011 Census.

It is at the centre of an area of rural villages between the towns of Northampton, Daventry, Rugby and Market Harborough. There is a secondary school, primary school, fire station, pub, a new village shop including a Post Office (formerly the doctor's surgery) and a new doctor's surgery with pharmacy and a Hairdressers.
Lane Tech College Prep High School
Lane Tech College Prep High School (often shortened to Lane Tech, full name Albert Grannis Lane Technical College Preparatory High School), is a public four-year selective enrollment magnet high school located in the Roscoe Village neighborhood on the north side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is a part of the Chicago Public Schools district. Lane is one of the oldest schools in the city and has an enrollment of over four thousand students, making it the largest high school in the state. Lane is a selective-enrollment-based school in which students must take a test and pass a certain benchmark in order to be offered admission. Lane is one of eleven selective enrollment schools in Chicago. It is a diverse school with many of its students coming from different ethnicities and economic backgrounds. In 2019, Lane Tech was rated the 3rd best public high school in Illinois and 69th in the nation.

The Buckinghams
The Buckinghams are an American pop band from Chicago. They formed in 1966 and went on to become one of the top-selling acts of 1967, charting their only five top 40 hits in the U.S. that year. The band dissolved in 1970, but re-formed in 1980 and as of 2022 they continue to tour throughout the United States.
Panamá Oeste Province
Panamá Oeste (Spanish pronunciation: [panaˈma oˈeste]; English: West Panama) is the newest province in Panama.

It was created from the five districts of Panamá Province west of the Panama Canal on 1 January 2014. The capital is La Chorrera.

Districts of Panama
The provinces of Panama and some of the comarcas are divided into districts (distrito). The district are further divided into corregimientos of Panama.

More than 50% of the country's population resides in the districts of Panama, San Miguelito, Arraijan, Chorrera, and Colon.
Northern District (South Australian Legislative Council)
Northern District was an electoral district for the Legislative Council of South Australia from 1882 until 1975. Prior to the passing of the Constitution Act Further Amendment Act 1881, the Legislative Council was 18 members elected by people from across the entire Province. From 1975, the Council returned to being elected from the entire state (the province had become a state of Australia in 1901).

At its creation in 1882, the Northern District consisted of three electoral districts for the South Australian House of Assembly - Wallaroo, Stanley and Flinders. It covered the area of Eyre Peninsula, Yorke Peninsula, Flinders Ranges, the upper Mid North and any settlers in areas further north.

Eyre Peninsula
The Eyre Peninsula is a triangular peninsula in South Australia. It is bounded by the Spencer Gulf on the east, the Great Australian Bight on the west, and the Gawler Ranges to the north.

Earlier called Eyre's Peninsula, it was named after explorer Edward John Eyre, who explored parts of the peninsula in 1839–41. The coastline was first charted by the expeditions of Matthew Flinders in 1801–02 and French explorer Nicolas Baudin around the same time. Flinders also named the nearby Yorke's Peninsula and Spencer's Gulph on the same voyage.

The peninsula's economy is primarily agricultural, with growing aquaculture, mining, and tourism sectors. The main towns are Port Lincoln in the south, Whyalla and Port Augusta in the northeast, and Ceduna in the northwest. Port Lincoln (Galinyala in Barngarla), Whyalla and Port Augusta (Goordnada) are part of the Barngarla Aboriginal country.: 230  Ceduna is within Wirangu country.
Black Mountain South Top
Black Mountain South Top is a top of Black Mountain in the Black Mountains range that spreads across parts of Powys and Monmouthshire in southeast Wales. It is a top which falls exactly on the Welsh-English border, straddling Powys and Herefordshire. The Offa's Dyke Path passes over the summit.

The top is an undistinguished heathery bump on Hatterall Ridge. The summit is marked by a small pile of stones.

Black Mountains, United Kingdom
The Black Mountains (Welsh: Y Mynydd Du or Y Mynyddoedd Duon) is a group of hills on the England–Wales border. The larger Welsh part is located in south-east Powys and north-west Monmouthshire, and the smaller English part in western Herefordshire. The range lies approximately within a triangle defined by Abergavenny in the south-east, Hay-on-Wye in the north, and Llangors in the west; Talgarth and Crickhowell are also nearby.

The Welsh part of the Black Mountains is the easternmost of the four ranges of hills that comprise the Brecon Beacons National Park; it should not be confused with the westernmost, the similarly-named Black Mountain. The Black Mountains contain a peak called the Black Mountain, which is the highest point in southern England. The Gospel Pass road is the highest public road in Wales.
Sydney Vernon Petersen
S. V. Petersen (22 June 1914 – 30 October 1987) was an Afrikaans-language South African poet and author, educator and founding principal of the Athlone High School, Silvertown Athlone, Cape Town. He was the first person of colour whose poetry and prose were published in South Africa.

Athlone, Cape Town
Athlone is a suburb of Cape Town located to the east of the city centre on the Cape Flats, south of the N2 highway. Two of the suburb's main landmarks are Athlone Stadium and the decommissioned coal-burning Athlone Power Station. Athlone is mainly residential and is served by a railway station of the same name. It however includes industrial (Athlone Industria 1 & 2) and commercial zones (Athlone CBD and Gatesville). There are many "sub-areas" within Athlone, including Gatesville, Rylands, Belgravia Estate, Bridgetown and Hazendal. Colloquially other areas around Athlone are also often included in the greater Athlone area even though the City of Cape Town might classify them as separate neighborhoods such as Rondebosch East, Crawford, and Manenberg.
IF Karlstad Fotboll
IF Karlstad Football is a Swedish football team in Karlstad, Värmland.

The club was founded in 2019 from a meger of football clubs Carlstad United and Karlstad BK.

The club currently competes in Ettan Norra. They ended last season at 5th in the league. In August 2020, former Akropolis manager Konstantinos Panagopoulos joined the club as head coach.

In February 2022, former England coach Sven-Göran Eriksson joined the club as an advisor for the club.

Panagopoulos got sacked in July 2022.

Football team
A football team is a group of players selected to play together in the various team sports known as football. Such teams could be selected to play in a match against an opposing team, to represent a football club, group, state or nation, an all-star team or even selected as a hypothetical team (such as a dream team or team of the century) and never play an actual match.

The difference between a football team and a football club is incorporation, a football club is an entity which is formed and governed by a committee and has members which may consist of supporters in addition to players. The benefit of club formation is that it gives teams access to additional volunteer or paid support staff, facilities and equipment.
Kierz Niedźwiedzi
Kierz Niedźwiedzi [ˈkʲɛʂ ɲɛd͡ʑˈvjɛd͡ʑi] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skarżysko Kościelne, within Skarżysko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Skarżysko Kościelne, 7 km (4 mi) north of Skarżysko-Kamienna, and 40 km (25 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Skarżysko County
Skarżysko County (Polish: powiat skarżyski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Skarżysko-Kamienna, which lies 34 kilometres (21 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kielce. The only other town in the county is Suchedniów, lying 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Skarżysko-Kamienna.

The county covers an area of 395.30 square kilometres (152.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 74,343, out of which the population of Skarżysko-Kamienna is 45,068, that of Suchedniów is 8,347, and the rural population is 20,928.
Linguistic alienation
Linguistic alienation is an inability to give expression to experience through language or a feeling that language is incomplete or fails to capture experience. The term can be used to describe how language reduces experiences, emotions, feelings, and other indescribable phenomena into a limited and regulatory modality. Linguistic alienation has been described as a pervasive phenomenon, yet has not received sustained consideration.

Modality (semiotics)
In semiotics, a modality is a particular way in which information is to be encoded for presentation to humans, i.e. to the type of sign and to the status of reality ascribed to or claimed by a sign, text, or genre. It is more closely associated with the semiotics of Charles Peirce (1839–1914) than Ferdinand de Saussure (1857–1913) because meaning is conceived as an effect of a set of signs. In the Peircean model, a reference is made to an object when the sign (or representamen) is interpreted recursively by another sign (which becomes its interpretant), a conception of meaning that does in fact imply a classification of sign types.
Nhung
Nhung is a given name. Notable people called Nhung include:

Âu Hồng Nhung (born 1993), member of the Vietnam women's national volleyball team

Bùi Thị Nhung (born 1983), Vietnamese high jumper

Hồng Nhung (born 1970), Vietnamese singer

Khương Thị Hồng Nhung (born 1972), Vietnamese chess player, Woman International Master

Lê Ngọc Nguyên Nhung (born 1984), Vietnamese badminton player

Nguyễn Văn Nhung (1919–1964), officer in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN)

Phi Nhung (1970–2021), Vietnamese-American singer, actress and humanitarian

Trần Thị Hồng Nhung (born 1992), Vietnamese footballer

Vũ Thị Nhung (born 1992), Vietnamese footballer

Lê Ngọc Nguyên Nhung
Lê Ngọc Nguyên Nhung (born 12 February 1984) is a Vietnamese badminton player. She joined the Ho Chi Minh City team in 1996, and was a part of the National team at the 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2009 Southeast Asian Games. She was the National Champion in the women's singles event in 2007–2009, and also in the women's doubles event in 2009. In 2008, she competed at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, China, but lost in the first round.
Momanwal
Momanwal is a village in Batala in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) from sub district headquarter, 59 kilometres (37 mi) from district headquarter and 17 kilometres (11 mi) from Sri Hargobindpur. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Gurdaspur district
Gurdaspur district is a district in the Majha region of the state of Punjab, India. Gurdaspur is the district headquarters. It internationally borders Narowal District of Pakistani Punjab, and the districts of Amritsar, Pathankot, Kapurthala and Hoshiarpur. Two main rivers Beas and Ravi passes through the district. The Mughal emperor Akbar is said to have been enthroned in a garden near Kalanaur, a historically important town in the district. The district is at the foothills of the Himalayas.

As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Punjab (out of 22), after Ludhiana and Amritsar. Batala, with 31% of the district's population, is its largest city.
Punnyakunya, New South Wales
Punnyakunya, New South Wales is a remote rural locality and civil parish of Evelyn County, New South Wales in far northwest New South Wales.

The geography of the Parish is mostly the flat, arid landscape of the Channel Country. The parish has a Köppen climate classification of BWh (Hot desert). The nearest town is Tibooburra to the north, which is on the Silver City Highway and lies south of the Sturt National Park.

Punnyakunya is located on Yandaminta Creek at  29°58′45″S 141°15′42″ near the South Australian Border, in the arid semi desert north of Packsaddle, New South Wales.

Channel Country
The Channel Country is a region of outback Australia mostly in the state of Queensland but also in parts of South Australia, Northern Territory and New South Wales. The name comes from the numerous intertwined rivulets that cross the region, which cover 150,000 km². The Channel Country is over the Cooper and Eromanga geological basins and the Lake Eyre Basin drainage basin. Further to the east is the less arid Maranoa district.
Vladimír Luka
Vladimír Luka (born March 7, 1982) is a Czech professional ice hockey forward. He is currently playing for the Telford Tigers of the National Ice Hockey League.

Luka made his Czech Extraliga debut playing with HC Oceláři Třinec during the 2015-16 Czech Extraliga season.

HC Oceláři Třinec
HC Oceláři Třinec (Třinec Steelers) is a Czech ice hockey team from Třinec who play in the Czech Extraliga, the top tier of Czech ice hockey. Their home arena is the Werk Arena. The team's main sponsors are the local Třinec Iron and Steel Works

The team has won the Czech Extraliga six times, most recently in the 2023–24 season. The last five title wins came in consecutive years, winning 16 straight playoff series in the process.
Charles Bell
Sir Charles Bell KH FRS FRSE FRCSE MWS (12 November 1774 – 28 April 1842) was a Scottish surgeon, anatomist, physiologist, neurologist, artist, and philosophical theologian. Bell discovered the difference between sensory nerves and motor nerves in the spinal cord, and also described Bell's palsy.

His three older brothers included Robert Bell (1757–1816) a Writer to the Signet, John Bell (1763–1820), also a noted surgeon and writer; and the advocate George Joseph Bell (1770–1843) who became a professor of law at the University of Edinburgh and a principal clerk at the Court of Session.

Sensory nerve
A sensory nerve, or afferent nerve, is a nerve that contains exclusively afferent nerve fibers. Nerves containing also motor fibers are called mixed. Afferent nerve fibers in a sensory nerve carry sensory information toward the central nervous system (CNS) from different sensory receptors of sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Contrarily, a motor nerve carries information from the CNS to the PNS.

Afferent nerve fibers link the sensory neurons throughout the body, in pathways to the relevant processing circuits in the central nervous system.

Afferent nerve fibers are often paired with efferent nerve fibers from the motor neurons (that travel from the CNS to the PNS), in mixed nerves. Stimuli cause nerve impulses in the receptors and alter the potentials, which is known as sensory transduction.
1895 Canterbury colonial by-election
The 1895 Canterbury colonial by-election was held on 11 June 1895 to elect the member for Canterbury in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, following the resignation of Free Trade Party MP Varney Parkes.

Under the Constitution of New South Wales, if a sitting member "becomes bankrupt or takes the benefit of any law for the relief of bankrupt or insolvent debtors" they are disqualified from sitting in parliament. Parkes became bankrupt because of business failings and mortgage foreclosures, having owed a large sum of money to the Bank of New South Wales (most of it as guarantee for his father, Sir Henry Parkes).

Parkes was the only candidate to contest, and he was declared elected at the close of candidate nominations. He was again re-elected one month later at the New South Wales colonial election on 24 July 1895.

Free Trade Party
The Free Trade Party (FTP), officially known as the Free Trade and Liberal Association and also referred to as the Revenue Tariff Party in some states, was an Australian political party. It was formally organised in 1887 in New South Wales, in time for the 1887 New South Wales colonial election, which the party won.

The party advocated the abolition of protectionism, especially protective tariffs and other restrictions on trade, arguing that this would create greater prosperity for all. However, many members also advocated use of minimal tariffs for government revenue purposes only. Its most prominent leader was George Reid, who led the Reid government as the fourth Prime Minister of Australia (1904–1905).

In New South Wales, it was succeeded by the Liberal and Reform Association in 1902, and federally by the Anti-Socialist Party in 1906. In 1909, the Anti-Socialist Party merged with the Protectionist Party to form the Liberal Party.
November 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
November 10 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - November 12

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on November 24 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For November 11th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on October 29.

Bartholomew of Grottaferrata
Bartholomew of Grottaferrata (Italian: San Bartolomeo il Giovane) (Rossano, c. 970 – Grottaferrata, November 11, 1055) or Bartholomew the Younger was an Italo-Greek abbot at the monastery at Grottaferrata.

Like Nilus the Younger, Bartholomew was of Greek heritage. He was also a personal disciple of the founder of the abbey Nilus the Younger. He would in time be Nilus' third successor in the position of abbot. When he succeeded Nilus as abbot, he supervised the completion of the abbey, of which he is considered the second founder. Under his administration, which continued for some forty years, the monastery established a firm basis which would allow it to continue to this day.

Bartholomew the Younger was also a hymn-writer and noted calligrapher like his teacher. He is also described as having a very sympathetic nature, and being unable to see anyone suffer without giving that party comfort.

He is regarded as a saint, with a feast day of November 11.