hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Datafication
Datafication is a technological trend turning many aspects of our life into data, which is then  converted into information, thereby manifesting as a new form of value. This concept was introduced to the broader lexicon in 2013 by Kenneth Cukier and Viktor Mayer-Schönberger. Prior to this, datafication had been predominantly associated with the analysis of representations of our lives captured through data, but not on the present scale. This transformation can be attributed to the impact of big data and the computational opportunities afforded to predictive analytics.

Datafication is not the same as digitization, which takes analog content—books, films, photographs—and converts it into digital information, a sequence of ones and zeros that computers can read. Datafication is a far broader activity: taking all aspects of life and turning them into data [...] Once we datafy things, we can transform their purpose and turn the information into new forms of value

Viktor Mayer-Schönberger
Viktor Mayer-Schönberger (born 1966) is Professor of Internet Governance and Regulation at the Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford. He conducts research into the network economy. Earlier he spent ten years on the faculty of Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government. He is the co-author of Big Data: A Revolution That Will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think (HMH, 2013)  and author of Delete: The Virtue of Forgetting in the Digital Age (Princeton, 2009), which won the 2010 Marshall McLuhan Award for Outstanding Book and the 2010 Don K. Price Award for Best Book in Science and Technology Politics, and has written over a hundred articles and book chapters. He is a member of Germany's Digital Council, advising Angela Merkel and her cabinet.
I Don't Want to Kill You
I Don't Want to Kill You is a 2011 horror novel by Dan Wells published by Tor Books in the U.S. and Headline Publishing Group in the U.K. It is the third book in the John Wayne Cleaver series, following I Am Not a Serial Killer and Mr. Monster. It continues the story of the sixteen-year-old sociopath who has now killed two demons and summoned another to his small town; in this novel, John encounters new threats, a new relationship, and heartbreak as he works to protect his friends and family from these supernatural beings. Critical reception of I Don't Want to Kill You was mostly positive, and the book was awarded the 2011 Whitney Award for Best Novel of the Year. It has been published in English, Spanish, French, Croatian, and German. Kirby Heyborne narrates the audiobook version.

Headline Publishing Group
Headline Publishing Group is a British publishing brand and former company. It was founded in 1986 by Tim Hely Hutchinson. In 1993, Headline bought Hodder & Stoughton, and the company became Hodder Headline Ltd. In 1999, Hodder Headline was acquired by WH Smith. It was acquired by Hachette Livre from  WH Smith in 2005.
Manchamanteles
Manchamanteles (literally, "tablecloth stainer") in Mexican cuisine, is a stew of assorted meat, chili peppers, vegetables, and fruits. A typical recipe for mancha manteles contains chicken and/or pork, chorizo, pineapple, apple, banana,  chili peppers, almonds, cinnamon, lard and tomatoes.

The sauce in manchamanteles is considered to be a kind of Mole (sauce).

Pineapple
The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.

The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been cultivated for many centuries. The introduction of the pineapple plant to Europe in the 17th century made it a significant cultural icon of luxury. Since the 1820s, pineapple has been commercially grown in greenhouses and many tropical plantations. The fruit, particularly its juice, has diverse uses in cuisines and desserts.

Pineapples grow as a small shrub; the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form a multiple fruit. The plant normally propagates from the offset produced at the top of the fruit or from a side shoot, and typically matures within a year.
Lead compounds
Compounds of lead exist with lead in two main oxidation states: +2 and +4. The former is more common. Inorganic lead(IV) compounds are typically strong oxidants or exist only in highly acidic solutions.

Lead(II) chromate
Lead(II) chromate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PbCrO4. It is a bright yellow salt that is very poorly soluble in water.  It occurs also as the mineral crocoite.  It is used as a pigment (chrome yellow).
Mihkel Hansen
Mihkel Hansen (29 December 1904 Lelle Parish (now Kehtna Parish), Kreis Pernau – 20 November 2004 Toronto) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of the V Riigikogu, of the Estonian National Assembly and of the  I Riigivolikogu. From 1937 until 1940, he served as Governor of Valga County, until he was dismissed by the Vares Government, which had come about as a result of the Soviet occupation of Estonia in June 1940. From 1941 until 1943, during the German occupation of Estonia, he again served as Governor of Valga County, this time within the framework of the Estonian Self-Administration of Generalbezirk Estland. In 1944, he served as Governor of Võru County for a short period. As the Red Army was approaching, he went into exile.

Kehtna Parish
Kehtna Parish (Estonian: Kehtna vald) is a rural municipality in central Estonia. It is a part of Rapla County. The municipality has a population of 5,182 (as of 1 January 2004) and covers an area of 507.3 km2. The population density is 10.2 inhabitants per km2.
Couchman
Couchman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Couchman (Kent cricketer), 18th-century English cricketer

Elizabeth Couchman (1876–1982), Australian political activist

Henry Couchman, 18th-century English architect and landscape gardener

Hugh Couchman, Canadian astronomer

James Couchman (born 1942), British politician

John Couchman (1913–2004), British rower

Peter Couchman (born 1941), Australian journalist and writer

Walter Couchman (1905–1981), British Royal Navy admiral

Martin Couchman OBE (born 1947), Hotelier of sorts

Walter Couchman
Admiral Sir Walter Thomas Couchman, KCB, CVO, DSO, OBE (19 March 1905 – 2 May 1981) was a Royal Navy officer who served as Vice Chief of the Naval Staff from February to November 1960, when he retired from service.
Bella Paalen
Bella Paalen, real name Isabella Pollak (9 July or 9 December 1881 – 28 July 1964) was an Austrian-American operatic contralto of Hungarian origin. She was engaged for 31 years at the k.-k. Hofoper in Vienna, later the State Opera, was appointed Kammersängerin there in 1933 and had to leave the country after the Anschluss because of her Jewish origins.

Götterdämmerung
Götterdämmerung (German: [ˈɡœtɐˌdɛməʁʊŋ] ⓘ; Twilight of the Gods), WWV 86D, is the last of the four epic music dramas that constitute Richard Wagner's cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen (English: The Ring of the Nibelung). It received its premiere at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus on 17 August 1876, as part of the first complete performance of the whole work.

The title is a German calque of the Old Norse phrase Ragnarök, which in Norse mythology refers to a prophesied war among various beings and gods that ultimately results in the burning, immersion in water, and renewal of the world. As with the rest of the Ring, Wagner's account diverges significantly from these Old Norse sources.

The autograph manuscript of the work is preserved in the Richard Wagner Foundation.
Dhamnand village
Dhamnand is a beautiful village in Khed Taluka in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is located in Ratnagiri District beside the Vaki and Nagzari River. Its population is about 4500, with the main industries being farming and forestry. The village god, or Gramdevata, is Zolai Devi.

Gramadevata
A gramadevata (Sanskrit: ग्रामदेवता, romanized: Grāmadevatā, lit. 'village deity') is the tutelary deity of a given locality in Hinduism, primarily worshipped in the villages of India.

Of diverse origins, gramadevatas are regarded to protect the inhabitants of their villages from bandits, epidemics, and natural disasters when propitiated, failing which they are believed to cause these afflictions. A gramadevata is typically female in South India.  In this region, a village goddess, acting as a fertility figure, is enshrined, and a guardian of the village is situated at the village boundary.
Killian documents authenticity issues
During the Killian documents controversy in 2004, the authenticity of the documents themselves was disputed by a variety of individuals and groups. Proof of authenticity is not possible without original documents, and since CBS used only faxed and photocopied duplicates, authentication to professional standards would be impossible regardless of the provenance of the originals. However, proving documents inauthentic does not depend on the availability of originals, and the validity of these photocopied documents has been challenged on a number of grounds, ranging from anachronisms in their typography to issues pertaining to their content.

Kerning
In typography, kerning is the process of adjusting the space between two specific characters, or letterforms, in a font. It is not to be confused with tracking, by which spacing is adjusted uniformly over a range of characters.

In a well-kerned font, the two-dimensional blank spaces between each pair of characters all have a visually similar area. The term "keming" is sometimes used informally to refer to poor kerning (the letters r and n placed too closely together being easily mistaken for the letter m).

The related term  kern denotes a part of a typed letter that overhangs the edge of the type block.
Man Down (TV series)
Man Down is a British sitcom that was broadcast from 18 October 2013 to 29 November 2017 on Channel 4. The series stars Greg Davies as Dan Davies, a man undergoing a midlife crisis.

Channel 4 commissioned an additional 25-minute Christmas special before the first series aired, and a second series was announced during Davies's live tour "The Back of My Mum's Head." Following Rik Mayall's death in June 2014, Davies met with Channel 4 to discuss the future of the show. It had been intended that Mayall's role in the second series would be more prominent than it had been previously. The series returned for a second Christmas special in 2014, a second series in 2015, a third in 2016, and a fourth in 2017.

The majority of scenes are filmed in and around Watford and South Oxhey, Hertfordshire.

Midlife crisis
A midlife crisis is a transition of identity and self-confidence that can occur in middle-aged individuals, typically 35 to 65 years old. The phenomenon is described as a psychological crisis brought about by events that highlight a person's growing age, inevitable mortality, and possible lack of accomplishments in life. This may produce feelings of intense depression, remorse, and high levels of anxiety; or the desire to achieve youthfulness, make drastic changes to their current lifestyle, or change past decisions and events.
Edward J. Freel
Edward J. Freel is an American politician. He served as Secretary of State of Delaware from 1994 to 2001, during the administration of Gov. Tom Carper. He has received degrees from Gannon University and the University of Delaware, where he is currently a Senior Fellow for the Institute for Public Administration.

Secretary of State of Delaware
The secretary of state of Delaware is the head of the Department of State of the U.S. state of Delaware. The department is in charge of a wide variety of public and governmental services, and is divided into the following divisions:

Some of the most important responsibilities of the secretary of state involve registry of businesses and corporations, monitoring banks, and other commercial activities. However, unlike many other U.S. secretaries of state, the Delaware secretary of state is not in charge of administering elections in Delaware. The Delaware Department of Elections is a separate agency from the Department of State.
Credit rationing
Credit rationing by definition is limiting the lenders of the supply of additional credit to borrowers who demand funds at a set quoted rate by the financial institution. It is an example of market failure, as the price mechanism fails to bring about equilibrium in the market. It should not be confused with cases where credit is simply "too expensive" for some borrowers, that is, situations where the interest rate is deemed too high. With credit rationing, the borrower would like to acquire the funds at the current rates, and the imperfection is the absence of supply from the financial institutions, despite willing borrowers. In other words, at the prevailing market interest rate, demand exceeds supply, but lenders are willing neither to lend enough additional funds to satisfy demand, nor to raise the interest rate they charge borrowers because they are already maximising profits, or are using a cautious approach to continuing to meet their capital reserve requirements.

Demand
In economics, demand is the quantity of a good that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices during a given time. In economics "demand" for a commodity is not the same thing as "desire" for it. It refers to both the desire to purchase and the ability to pay for a commodity.

Demand is always expressed in relation to a particular price and a particular time period since demand is a flow concept. Flow is any variable which is expressed per unit of time. Demand thus does not refer to a single isolated purchase, but a continuous flow of purchases.
They Made Her a Spy
They Made Her a Spy is a 1939 American spy drama film produced and distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.  It was the first film directed by Jack Hively, who after toiling as an editor for RKO for the prior five years, was given the opportunity to direct, and starred Sally Eilers, Allan Lane, Fritz Leiber, and Frank M. Thomas. The screenplay, written by Jo Pagano and Academy Award winner Michael Kanin, was based on a story by George Bricker and Lionel Houser. The film premiered in New York City on March 29, 1939, and was released nationally two weeks later, on April 14.

Fritz Leiber (actor)
Fritz Reuter Leiber Sr. (/ˈlaɪbər/ LY-bər; January 31, 1882 – October 14, 1949) was an American actor. A Shakespearean actor on stage, he also had a successful career in film. He was the father of science fiction and fantasy writer Fritz Leiber Jr., who was also an actor for a time.
Luttazzi
Luttazzi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniele Luttazzi (born 1961), Italian actor, illustrator, satirist, singer, and writer

Lelio Luttazzi (1923–2010), Italian actor, composer, conductor, musician, and radio and television presenter

Daniele Luttazzi
Daniele Luttazzi (Italian pronunciation: [daˈnjɛːle lutˈtattsi]; born Daniele Fabbri on 26 January 1961) is an Italian theater actor, writer, satirist, illustrator and singer. His stage name is an homage to musician and actor Lelio Luttazzi. His favourite topics are politics, religion, sex and death.
Carlos Ramirez Pala
Carlos Ramirez de Azevedo Silva Pala (born 26 July 1985) is a Brazilian individual and synchronised trampoline gymnast, representing his nation at international competitions. He competed at world championships, including at the 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2015 Trampoline World Championships.

2015 Trampoline World Championships
The 31st Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships was held at the Stadium Arena Fyn in Odense, Denmark, from November 25–28, 2015. This event was the first qualifying round for the 2016 Olympics which was held in Rio de Janeiro. The top 8 men and women automatically earned their nation quota places for the Olympics, subject to a maximum of two quota places per nation. A further 16 of each sex will get a second chance to earn a quota place at the Rio de Janeiro test event in April 2016 for a further five spots.
Glease
"Glease" is the sixth episode of the fourth season of the American musical television series Glee, and the seventy-second episode overall. It aired on Fox in the United States on November 15, 2012, and features the McKinley High production of the musical Grease, and the return of special guest star Kate Hudson as Cassandra July. Kurt and Rachel have awkward reunions with their exes, Will prepares to leave for his vacation and puts Finn in charge of the Glee Club while he is gone. Rachel and Kurt sever ties with their respective exes and leave at the end.

Jacob Artist
Jacob Artist (born October 17, 1992) is an American actor, singer, and dancer. He is best known for his roles as Jake Puckerman on the Fox musical comedy-drama series Glee and as Brandon Fletcher on the ABC drama-thriller series Quantico.
Kim Ok-soon
Kim Ok-soon (Korean: 김옥순; born 2 February 1949) is a former North Korean speed skater. She represented her nation between 1968 and 1972 at international competitions.

Kim Ok-soon participated at the World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Women in 1968, finishing 25th overall. In April 1970 she started in three events at the 1970 Winter Universiade, with her best result in the 1000m finishing 4th. She competed in the women's 3000 metres at the 1972 Winter Olympics.

1970 Winter Universiade
The 1970 Winter Universiade, the 6th Winter Universiade, an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes, took place in Rovaniemi, Finland. 416 athletes from 25 countries participated in the games.
Leland Stanford Winery
Leland Stanford Winery was a winery located in the Santa Clara Valley AVA, in Fremont, California, United States. The winery was founded by Leland Stanford in 1869. The vineyard was planted by Stanford's brother, Josiah Stanford. The winery was owned by Weibel Champagne Vineyards until 1996. The area has since been developed into housing, and now consists of a single unused brick building. It was the third vineyard owned by Leland Stanford. It is a California Historical Landmark.

Winery
A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the cultivation and production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, bottling lines, laboratories, and large expanses of tanks known as tank farms. Wineries may have existed as long as 8,000 years ago.
Jamnadas Majethia
Jamnadas "JD" Majethia (born 5 February 1966) is an Indian actor, director and producer. He is well known for his work in Gujarati and Hindi plays, dramas, serials and film. Having given successful cult shows like Badi Door Se Aaye Hain, Wagle Ki Duniya, Sarabhai vs Sarabhai, and Khichdi, he is a very successful showmaker. On stage, he has been active in Gujarati theater for the last 20 years. He formed a company Hats Off Productions. While he is usually associated with comic roles, he is also known to portray supporting characters to a certain extent.

He was nominated in 2011 for Apsara Award for Best Actor in a Comic Role for his role as Himanshu Seth in Khichdi: The Movie. In 2013, Majethia launched his acting academy, HatsOff Actors Studios.

Khichdi (2002 TV series)
Khichdi is a Hindi language sitcom produced by UTV Software Communications in association with Hats Off Productions, which debuted on StarPlus on 10 September 2002. The series has been rerun on StarPlus and its sister channels several times. It served as the first series in the Khichdi franchise. The second series in the franchise was called Instant Khichdi, which aired on Star Plus's sister channel, Star One. The reruns have aired on several channels including Star Utsav and Pogo. A twenty-episode third series also titled Khichdi premiered on 14 April 2018 on StarPlus.
Jennings Bluff
Jennings Bluff (66°42′S 55°29′E﻿ / ﻿66.700°S 55.483°E﻿ / -66.700; 55.483) is a dark, flat-topped outcrop in the Nicholas Range of Antarctica, 10 nautical miles (19 km) north of Mount Storegutt. It rises about 100 metres (330 ft) above the general ice level and has a steep eastern side, backing to an ice scarp in the west. The bluff was discovered by the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition, 1929–31, under Mawson. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and called Brattstabben (the Steep Stump). It was photographed from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956 and remapped, and was renamed by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia in 1961 for Noel Durrent Jennings, an assistant diesel mechanic at Mawson Station in 1960.

British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition
The British Australian (and) New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) was a research expedition into Antarctica between 1929 and 1931, involving two voyages over consecutive Austral summers. The expedition was led by Australian geologist Sir Douglas Mawson.
Pecoraite
Pecoraite is a nickel silicate mineral and a member of the serpentine group. It was named after geologist William Thomas Pecora. It is monoclinic and has a chemical composition of Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4. It is associated with the weathering-and-or oxidation of meteorites or nickel sulfide minerals such as millerite. It is also found in altered ultramafic rocks. Pecoraite is typically a green, lime green, or bluegreen mineral with a waxy, or earthy luster and a mohs hardness of 2.5. Common textural habits associated with pecoraite are curved plates, spirals and tubes. It can also be granular and massive.

Monoclinic crystal system
In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems.  A crystal system is described by three vectors. In the monoclinic system, the crystal is described by vectors of unequal lengths, as in the orthorhombic system. They form a parallelogram prism. Hence two pairs of vectors are perpendicular (meet at right angles), while the third pair makes an angle other than 90°.
2014–15 Scottish Cup
The 2014–15 Scottish Cup was the 130th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The tournament was sponsored by bookmaker William Hill in what was the fourth season of a five-year partnership.

The defending champions were St Johnstone, who defeated Dundee United in the 2014 final, but were eventually knocked out in the fifth round by Queen of the South.

Scottish Championship
The Scottish Championship known as the William Hill Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the second tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, the league competition for men's professional football clubs in Scotland. The Scottish Championship was established in July 2013, after the Scottish Professional Football League was formed by a merger of the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League.
Mdvanii
Mdvanii was originally conceived as a conceptual art and fashion doll for adults (and particularly art, fashion and doll collectors) by artist BillyBoy*. Since 1990, it has been a collaboration with his life partner, artist Jean Pierre Lestrade (a.k.a. Lala). The 25-centimetre (9.8 in) tall doll was originally made in a matte Caron make-up toned hard resin. Mdvanii debuted on February 14, 1989 in London, England.

Photo Élysée
Photo Élysée, formerly known as Musée de l'Élysée, is a museum in Lausanne, Switzerland, entirely devoted to photography. It is a government-supported institution founded in 1985 by Charles-Henri Favrod. It was housed in an 18th-century mansion until October 2020.

The museum was temporarily closed from October 2020 until June 2022, as it was moving to a new building. The new building is designed by Portuguese architects Aires Mateus. It has merged with two other museums; the Cantonal Museum of Fine Arts and the Museum of Contemporary Design and Applied Arts.

Succeeding Tatyana Franck, Nathalie Herschdorfer has been in charge since June 2022.