hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Directive 2008/50/EC
Directive 2008/50/EC, or the Ambient Air Quality Directive, is an EU directive which limits sulphur dioxide, NO2 and other oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), lead, benzene and carbon monoxide concentrations from 2010. Hourly average concentrations of NO2 are limited to 200 μg/m3 and yearly average concentrations to 40 μg/m3. As of 2018 several EU member states are being sued for violating the limits: France, Spain, Italy, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom and Germany.

Directives 96/62/EC, 1999/30/EC, 2000/69/EC and 2002/3/EC were repealed by this directive, with effect from 11 June 2010.

On 15 February 2018, five member countries were urged to safeguard public health.

On 22 February 2018, Poland was found guilty of violating the emission limits in the Radom, Pruszków-Żyrardów and Kędzierzyn-Koźle and Ostrów-Kępno districts during the eight-year period from 2007 to 2015.

Kędzierzyn-Koźle
Kędzierzyn-Koźle [kɛɲˈd͡ʑɛʐɨn ˈkɔʑlɛ] ⓘ (Silesian: Kandrzin-Koźle) is a city in southern Poland, the administrative center of Kędzierzyn-Koźle County. With 58,899 inhabitants as of 2021, it is the second most-populous city in the Opole Voivodeship.

Founded from the merger of the previously separate towns of Kędzierzyn and Koźle, both dating back to the Middle Ages, the city is a major river port and center of chemical industry, and is particularly known for ZAKSA Kędzierzyn-Koźle, one of the top volleyball clubs in Europe in the 2020s.
Hirakud Captive Power Plant
Hirakud Power Plant is a coal based captive thermal power plant located near Hirakud in Sambalpur district in the Indian state of Odisha. The power plant began  commercial production in April 2013, is operated by the Hindalco Industries. The plant supplies power to Hirakud smelter of Hindalco Industries. The coal for the plant is sourced from Talabira captive coal mines.

Sambalpur district
Sambalpur district (Odia: [sɔmbɔlɔpuɾɔ] ⓘ) is a district in the western part of state of Odisha, India. The historic city of Sambalpur is the district headquarters.

The district is located in the Mahanadi River basin. It has a total area of 6,702 km2 (2,588 sq mi), of which almost 60% is covered in dense forest. The district is bounded by Deogarh District to the east, Bargarh and Jharsuguda districts to the west, Sundergarh District to the north, and Subarnapur and Angul districts in the south.

Sambalpur City is the connecting city between Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Whereas it used to be known for its importance as a diamond trading centre, nowadays it is mainly known for its textiles, especially the Sambalpuri Saree.
Het Woeden der Gehele Wereld (film)
Het Woeden der Gehele Wereld is a 2006 Dutch film, based on the novel of the same name by Maarten 't Hart. It was directed by Guido Pieters and produced by Rob Houwer. The title translates as "The fury/rage/raging of the whole world" and is derived from a song with lyrics by René-François Sully-Prudhomme, set to music by Gabriel Fauré.

The film was released on 13 March 2006 and was a critical and commercial failure.

2006 in film
The following is an overview of events in 2006, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies and festivals, a list of films released and notable deaths. Pixar celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2006 with the release of its 7th film, Cars.
Eleonory Gilburd
Eleonory Gilburd is an American historian of Russia and the Soviet Union. She studied at the University of Chicago and at UC Berkeley. She specializes in Soviet history and culture, with a focus on the era of the Khrushchev Thaw. Her first book To See Paris and Die received critical acclaim and was nominated for the Pushkin Book Prize. It also won several academic prizes in the field of Slavic studies. Gilburd received the Quantrell Award in 2025.

Slavic studies
Slavic (American English) or Slavonic (British English) studies, also known as Slavistics, is the academic field of area studies concerned with Slavic peoples, languages, history, and culture. Originally, a Slavist or Slavicist was primarily a linguist or philologist researching Slavistics. Increasingly, historians, social scientists, and other humanists who study Slavic cultures and societies have been included in this rubric.

In the United States, Slavic studies is dominated by Russian studies. Ewa Thompson, a professor of Slavic studies at Rice University, described the situation of non-Russian Slavic studies as "invisible and mute".
Antonio Monteiro
Antonio Monteiro is the name of:

António Monteiro (politician) (born 1944), former foreign minister of Portugal

António Mascarenhas Monteiro (1944–2016), former President of Cape Verde

Antônio Monteiro Dutra (born 1973), Brazilian footballer

António Monteiro (canoeist) (born 1972), Portuguese sprint canoer

António Isaac Monteiro, former foreign minister of Guinea-Bissau

Antônio Monteiro (actor) (born 1956), Brazilian actor, director and writer

Antonio Monteiro (mathematician) (1907–1980), mathematician born in Portuguese Angola

António Mascarenhas Monteiro
António Manuel Mascarenhas Gomes Monteiro (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐ̃ˈtɔniu mɐnuˈɛl mɐʃkɐˈɾeɲɐʒ ˈɡomɨʒ mõˈtejɾu]; 16 February 1944 – 16 September 2016) was the first democratically elected President of Cape Verde from 22 March 1991 to 22 March 2001.
André Mirambel
André Mirambel (1 October 1900 – 4 June 1970) was a 20th-century French Hellenist.

Agrégé of grammar, graduated from the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales, André Mirambel was first a professor at the Institut français de Grèce (1925–1928) before he succeeded Jean Psichari from 1929 as professor of modern Greek at the École des langues orientales, of which he was administrator from 1958 to 1969 after he was Henri Massé's assistant since 1954. He was a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres since 1965.

In 1956, André Mirambel won the Prix Langlois awarded by the Académie Française for Tasso Tassoulo et autres nouvelles, by Thrasso Castonakis

Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales
The Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃stity nɑsjɔnal de lɑ̃ɡ e sivilizɑsjɔ̃ ɔʁjɑ̃tal]; transl. "National Institute for Oriental Languages and Civilizations"), abbreviated as INALCO, is a French grand établissement with a specializing in the teaching of languages and cultures from the world. Its coverage spans languages of Central Europe, Africa, Asia, America, and Oceania. With 104 languages taught as of 2024, this institution is currently the world's largest provider of language training courses.

It is also informally called "Langues'O" (French: [lɑ̃ɡz‿o]) in French, an abbreviation for Langues orientales.

The INALCO logo is made up of the school's acronym, each part of which is translated into languages written in non-Latin characters, corresponding to Inalco's fields of teaching and research.
Madlen Radukanova
Madlen Milenova Radukanova (Bulgarian: Мадлен Миленова Радуканова; born 14 May 2000) is a Bulgarian group rhythmic gymnast. She is the 2020 Olympic group all-around champion and the 2018 World 5 hoops champion. She is a two-time European champion, a two-time (2018, 2019) World group all-around bronze medalist, the 2017 World group all-around silver medalist, and the 2018 European group all-around bronze medalist.

Gymnastics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's rhythmic group all-around
The Women's rhythmic group all-around competition at the 2020 Summer Olympics were held at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre in Tokyo, Japan, with the qualification taking place at 7 August and the final on 8 August.

Russian rhythmic gymnasts were the five-time defending champions in the event.
Johan Sundkvist
Johan Adolf Sundkvist (22 June 1889 – 16 December 1977) was a Swedish long-distance runner who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He finished tenth in the individual cross country competition. This was the fifth-best Swedish result, so he was not awarded a medal in the team cross country competition, where only the best three were honoured. The course was rather hilly and ca. 12 km long; it was not made known to competitors before the race.

Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's individual cross country
At the 1912 Summer Olympics, the men's individual cross country race was held as part of the athletics programme. It was the first appearance of the event. The competition was held on Monday, July 15, 1912. Forty-five runners from nine nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes.
Puna Rasaubale
Taraiasi Nodrakoro "Puna" Rasaubale (born 21 December 1986) is a Fijian professional boxer and rugby league footballer. He has represented his country in boxing at the 2006 Commonwealth Games, and rugby league at the 2009 Pacific Cup as a prop.

2009 Pacific Cup
The 2009 Pacific Cup, known as the 2009 SP Brewery Pacific Cup due to sponsorship, was a rugby league competition held in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. The competing teams were the Cook Islands, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga.

Tonga, Fiji and PNG had their places in the draw confirmed initially, with the Cook Islands defeating Samoa in a Pacific Cup qualifier in Cairns on 17 October 2009 to decide which team took the final place in the tournament.

The four Pacific Cup matches were played at Lloyd Robson Oval on 24–25 October and 31 October. The Pacific Cup final was played on 1 November 2009 between Papua New Guinea and the Cook Islands. By winning the 2009 Pacific Cup, Papua New Guinea won the right to compete in the 2010 Four Nations tournament.

Brian Canavan was appointed as tournament director by the Rugby League International Federation (RLIF).
Tierra del Fuego (film)
Tierra del Fuego is a 2000 Chilean drama film directed by Miguel Littín. Based on a short story of the same name by Francisco Coloane, it is about the conquest of Tierra del Fuego by Julius Popper. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2000 Cannes Film Festival.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Ellon Times
The Ellon Times is a local, weekly newspaper based in Ellon, Aberdeenshire.  It is a sister paper of the Buchan Observer, Fraserburgh Herald and Inverurie Herald.

The Times covers a range of local news and sport, with a coverage area which includes Ellon and the surrounding villages of Auchnagatt, Balmedie, Collieston, Cruden Bay, Formartine, Methlick, Newburgh, Pitmedden, Tarves and Udny Green.

The newspaper's ownership was transferred between Archant and Johnston Press in 2007. After Johnston Press went into administration in 2018, JPIMedia took ownership of its assets.

Tarves
Tarves (/ˈtɑːrvɪs/) is a settlement in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, situated in the Formartine area between Oldmeldrum and Methlick.

Following population growth to over 1,000 residents, Tarves is classified as a town in data published by Understanding Scottish Places, a change reported by BBC News in 2025.
C30H48O3
The molecular formula C30H48O3 (molar mass: 456.70 g/mol) can represent the following compounds:

Lucidadiol, a sterol

Masticadienolic acid

Oleanolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid commonly found in Olea europaea (olives) and their oils

Trametenolic acid, a triterpene

Ursolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid

Ursolic acid
Ursolic acid (sometimes referred to as  urson, prunol,  malol, or 3β-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid), is a pentacyclic triterpenoid identified in the epicuticular waxes of apples as early as 1920 and widely found in the peels of fruits, as well as in herbs and spices like rosemary and thyme. Betulinic and oleanic acids are both constitutional isomers of ursolic acid.
Lufttransport Staffel 5
The Lufttransport Staffel 5 (LT St 5, French Escadrille Transport Aérien 5 ) is a transport squadron of the Swiss Air Force. The homebase of the Lufttransport Staffel 5 is the Payerne Air Base.
The Lufttransport Staffel 5 is part of the Lufttransportgeschwader 1 together with the Lufttransport Staffel 1 (French Escadrille Transport Aérien «La UNE» ). The coat of arms of the Lufttransport Staffel 1 is a side view of a green grasshopper in front of a white circular ground, which shows the white number 5 on one of its wings. 
The camouflage version of the coat of arms shows the same image, but in dark green shades.

Pilatus PC-6 Porter
The Pilatus PC-6 Porter is a single-engined STOL utility aircraft designed by Pilatus Aircraft of Switzerland. First flown in 1959, the PC-6 was produced at Pilatus Flugzeugwerke in Stans, Switzerland. It has been built in both piston engine- and turboprop-powered versions, and was produced under licence for a time by Fairchild Hiller in the United States.
After 604 deliveries in 63 years, Pilatus ended production in 2022.
Iron Monkey 2
Iron Monkey 2 is a 1996 Hong Kong martial arts film directed by Chao Lu-jiang and featuring action choreography by Yuen Woo-ping. This film starred Donnie Yen as "Iron Monkey", a role played by Yu Rongguang in the 1993 film Iron Monkey, which also starred Yen, but in a different role. The story in Iron Monkey 2 is not related to that of Iron Monkey.

Yu Rongguang
Yu Rongguang (Chinese: 于荣光; born 30 August 1958), also known as Ringo Yu, is a Chinese actor and martial artist. He is best known for the title role in Iron Monkey along with Donnie Yen as well as being featured in films such as The East Is Red, My Father Is a Hero, and Musa.

Yu is also known for appearing in roles for films with Jackie Chan such as New Police Story and The Myth and in North America Shanghai Noon and the 2010 remake of The Karate Kid.
Dean Lance
Dean Lance (born 4 April 1959) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer and coach, and current football manager at the North Queensland Cowboys of the NRL. He played in the New South Wales Rugby Football League premiership in the 1980s for the Newtown and Canberra clubs, captaining the Raiders for almost 5 years and winning two premierships with them. After playing he coached Super League clubs in Australia (the Western Reds and the Adelaide Rams) and in England (the Leeds Rhinos).

New South Wales Rugby League premiership
The New South Wales Rugby League premiership was the first rugby league football club competition established in Australia and contributor to today's National Rugby League. Run by the New South Wales Rugby League (initially named the New South Wales Rugby Football League) from 1908 until 1994, the premiership was the state's elite rugby league competition, parallel to Queensland's first-class league, the Brisbane Rugby League.

For most of the premiership's history it was contested by clubs from the state of New South Wales only, but later attempted to grow into a nationwide competition, eventually leading to the competition being played under the auspices of the Australian Rugby League in 1995.  Despite this name, the 1995 and 1996 Australian Rugby League Premierships competitions were still administered by the Board and staff of the New South Wales Rugby League.
Imran Shah (writer)
Imran Shah (born 23 November 1933), also known as Nawab Imran Shah is an Indian Assamese language writer, poet, novelist, and scholar. He also writes under the pen names Ishan Dutta, Anamika Baruah, Kumbhakarna, and Animesh Baruah. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2021, for his contributions to literature and education.

Asam Sahitya Sabha
The Asam Sahitya Sabha (Assamese: অসম সাহিত্য সভা, pronounced [ɔxɔm xaɦittjɔ xɔbʱa], lit. 'The Literary Society of Assam') is a non-government, non-profit, literary organisation of Assam. It was founded in December 1917 in Assam, India to promote the culture of Assam and Assamese literature. A branch of the organisation named Singapore Sahitya Sabha was launched in Singapore on 28 July 2019. Other foreign branches are located in London, Phoenix and Chicago.
Women and Madness
Women and Madness is a 1972 book by Phyllis Chesler.

In the book, Chesler argues that women are negatively impacted by psychiatry and psychology due to the dominance of men in those fields. The work explores the effects on women in same-sex relationships and psychiatry/psychology in the third world. Claudia Pitts of National Louis University wrote that the book was "one of the earliest works of the second wave feminist movement to address issues such as the mistreatment of women, particularly in rape and incest; female role models; and spirituality in mental health services." Miriam Greenspan of the Los Angeles Review of Books described it as "a cultural watershed exposing how male-dominated psychiatry damages women."

National Louis University
National Louis University (NLU) is a private university with its main campus in Chicago, Illinois, United States. NLU enrolls undergraduate and graduate students in more than 60 programs across its four colleges. It has locations throughout the Chicago metropolitan area as well as a regional campus in Tampa, Florida, where it serves students from 13 counties in that state's central region.

Since its founding in 1886, NLU has played a historic role in the education sector. Its founders helped start the National Kindergarten Movement, helped inaugurate the National Parent Teacher Association (PTA), and promoted the importance of academic and professional training in early childhood education theory and practice.

NLU alumni have served in Illinois state government and received multiple James Beard awards; 76 alumni from its National College of Education have received honorary recognition by the Golden Apple Foundations of Chicago and Rockford.
New Hampshire Route 63
New Hampshire Route 63 is a 21.514-mile-long (34.623 km) north–south state highway in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire. It runs from Winchester to Westmoreland. The southern terminus is in Winchester at the Massachusetts state line, where the road continues as Massachusetts Route 63 in the town of Northfield. The northern terminus of NH 63 is in Westmoreland at New Hampshire Route 12.

Northfield, Massachusetts
Northfield is a town in Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States. Northfield was first settled in 1673. The population was 2,866 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Springfield metropolitan area, Massachusetts. The Connecticut River runs through the town, dividing West Northfield from East Northfield and the village of Northfield, where the town hall is located.

Part of the town is included in the census-designated place of Northfield.
Ludvigsson
Ludvigsson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anne Ludvigsson (born 1950), Swedish social democratic politician

Fredrik Ludvigsson (born 1994), Swedish professional road cyclist

Jonas F. Ludvigsson, Swedish physician and epidemiologist

Ludvig Ludvigsson Munk til Norlund (1537–1602), Danish official and count

Olle Ludvigsson (born 1948), Swedish politician and MEP

Tobias Ludvigsson (born 1991), Swedish cyclist

Jonas F. Ludvigsson
Jonas Filip Ludvigsson is a Swedish physician and epidemiologist. He is a professor at the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Karolinska Institutet, Sweden, and a senior paediatrician in the Department of Pediatrics at Örebro University Hospital, Sweden. Ludvigsson is  known for being one of the 47 initial signees of the Great Barrington Declaration.
Premee Mohamed
Premee Mohamed is an Indo-Caribbean scientist and speculative fiction author based in Edmonton, Alberta. She also works as Social Media Manager and Associate Editor for Escape Pod.

Premee Mohamed received her undergraduate degree in molecular genetics in 2002, and also holds a degree in environmental science.

Alberta Literary Awards
The Alberta Literary Awards (ALA), administered by the Writers Guild of Alberta, have been awarded annually since 1982 to recognize outstanding writing by Alberta authors. The awards honour fiction, nonfiction, poetry, drama, and children's literature. At the first public ALA Gala in 1994, the inaugural Golden Pen Lifetime Achievement Award was given to W. O. Mitchell.
R. Cengiz Ertekin
R. Cengiz Ertekin  is a professor of Marine Hydrodynamics and Ocean Engineering. He currently holds a guest professor position at Harbin Engineering University of China. He is best known for his contributions to the development of nonlinear water wave theories, hydroelasticity of very large floating structures (VLFS), wave energy, and tsunami and storm impact on coastal bridges. He is also the co-developer, along with Professor H. Ronald Riggs of the University of Hawaiʻi, of the computer program HYDRAN for solving linear fluid-structure interaction problems of floating and fixed bodies.

Basic research
Basic research, also called pure research, fundamental research, basic science, or pure science, is a type of scientific research with the aim of improving scientific theories for better understanding and prediction of natural or other phenomena.  In contrast, applied research uses scientific theories to develop technology or techniques, which can be used to intervene and alter natural or other phenomena. Though often driven simply by curiosity, basic research often fuels the technological innovations of applied science. The two aims are often practiced simultaneously in coordinated research and development.

In addition to innovations, basic research serves to provide insights and public support of nature, possibly improving conservation efforts. Technological innovations may influence engineering concepts, such as the beak of a kingfisher influencing the design of a high-speed bullet train.
Urocitellus
Urocitellus is a genus of ground squirrels. They were previously believed to belong to the much larger genus Spermophilus, but DNA sequencing of the cytochrome b gene showed that this group was paraphyletic to the prairie dogs and marmots, and could therefore no longer be retained as a single genus. As a result, Urocitellus is now considered as a genus in its own right.

All but two species are native to the northern and western parts of North America, from California and Minnesota through the north-western United States and western Canada; the Arctic ground squirrel inhabits Arctic terrain on both sides of the Bering Strait, while the long-tailed ground squirrel is exclusively found in Asia. The name of the genus is said to be derived from the Latin uro, meaning "tail" and citellus for "ground squirrel". The proper word for "tail" in classical Latin is cauda. Oura (οὐρά) is the ancient Greek word for "tail".

Cytochrome b
Cytochrome b is a protein found in the membranes of aerobic cells. In eukaryotic mitochondria (inner membrane) and in aerobic prokaryotes, cytochrome b is a component of respiratory chain complex III (EC 1.10.2.2)—also known as the bc1 complex or ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase. In plant chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, there is a homologous protein, cytochrome b6, a component of the plastoquinone-plastocyanin reductase (EC 1.10.99.1), also known as the b6f complex. These complexes are involved in electron transport, the pumping of protons to create a proton-motive force (PMF). This proton gradient is used for the generation of ATP. These complexes play a vital role in cells.