hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ACNA (company)
National Dyes Company and Affiliates (Italian: Azienda Coloranti Nazionali e Affini), more commonly known as the ACNA, was the first Italian chemical company, active from 1929 to 1999 in Cengio (main plant), as well as in Cesano Maderno and Rho, although it traces back to 1882 under different names. The company was best known for the pollution of land and waters related to its production of dyes earning it the nickname of "the poison factory" which would see it brought before the Italian government.

Chemical industry
The chemical industry comprises the companies and other organizations that develop and produce industrial, specialty and other chemicals. Central to the modern world economy, the chemical industry converts raw materials (oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals) into commodity chemicals for industrial and consumer products. It includes industries for petrochemicals such as polymers for plastics and synthetic fibers; inorganic chemicals such as acids and alkalis; agricultural chemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides; and other categories such as industrial gases, speciality chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Various professionals are involved in the chemical industry including chemical engineers, chemists and lab technicians.
Catocala
Catocala is a generally Holarctic genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Franz von Paula Schrank in 1802. The moths are commonly known as underwing moths or simply underwings. These terms are sometimes used for a few related moths, but usually – especially when used in plural, not as part of a species name – they are used to refer to Catocala only.

Of the more than 250 known species, slightly less than half are found in North America – mostly in the United States – while the rest occur in Eurasia. About one-fifth (almost 30) of these species are native to Europe. A few species occur in the northern Neotropics and Indomalaya.

Otto Staudinger
Otto Staudinger (2 May 1830 – 13 October 1900) was a German entomologist and a natural history dealer considered one of the largest in the world specialising in the collection and sale of insects to museums, scientific institutions, and individuals.
Waveguide (optics)
An optical waveguide is a physical structure that guides electromagnetic waves in the optical spectrum. Common types of optical waveguides include optical fiber waveguides, transparent dielectric waveguides made of plastic and glass, liquid light guides, and liquid waveguides.

Optical waveguides are used as components in integrated optical circuits or as the transmission medium in local and long-haul optical communication systems. They can also be used in optical head-mounted displays in augmented reality.

Optical waveguides can be classified according to their geometry (planar, strip, or fiber waveguides), mode structure (single-mode, multi-mode), refractive index distribution (step or gradient index), and material (glass, polymer, semiconductor).

Multi-mode optical fiber
Multi-mode optical fiber is a type of optical fiber mostly used for communication over short distances, such as within a building or on a campus. Multi-mode links can be used for data rates up to 800 Gbit/s. Multi-mode fiber has a fairly large core diameter that enables multiple light modes to be propagated and limits the maximum length of a transmission link because of modal dispersion. The standard G.651.1 defines the most widely used forms of multi-mode optical fiber.
Pierre Van Dormael
Pierre Van Dormael (24 May 1952 – 3 September 2008) was a Belgian jazz guitarist and composer.

In 1988, he played in the James Baldwin Project with David Linx and Deborah Brown (vocalists), Slide Hampton (trombone), Diederik Wissels (piano), Bob Stewart (tuba), and Michel Hatzigeorgiou (bass guitar).

Van Dormael was also a member of Nasa Na Band, a jazz band known as the precursor of Aka Moon. He recorded soundtracks for films directed by his brother Jaco Van Dormael (Toto le Héros, Le Huitième Jour, Mr. Nobody).

In 2007, he received the Belgian Golden Django Award. Posthumously he received the Magritte Award for Best Original Score for his work in the movie Mr. Nobody.

He died from cancer at age 56 on 3 September 2008.

Magritte Awards
A Magritte Award (French: Magritte du cinéma, pronounced [maɡʁit dy sinema]), also known as René, is an accolade presented by the Académie André Delvaux of Belgium to recognize cinematic achievement in the film industry. Modelled after the French César Award, the formal ceremony at which the awards are presented is one of the most prominent award ceremonies in Belgium. The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette. The awards, first presented in 2011, are considered the Belgian equivalent of the Academy Awards in the United States.

Historically given during the first quarter of the new year, the awards honor achievements for cinematic accomplishments for the preceding year. The 14th Magritte Awards ceremony was held on 22 February 2025 at the Flagey, in the historic site of Place Eugène Flagey, Ixelles.
George Hamilton Pettit
George Hamilton Pettit (10 August 1872 – 5 June 1953) was a Canadian politician and barrister. Pettit served as a Conservative member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Richmond, Ontario.

Pettit attended public and secondary schools at Cornwall, Ontario. He then studied at Osgoode Hall Law School where he graduated in 1894. He became president of the Welland County Telephone Company. From May to October 1913, he was a deputy and acting court judge at Welland County.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Welland riding in the 1925 general election then re-elected in 1926 and 1930. After completing his third term in office, Pettit left federal politics and did not seek another term in the 1935 federal election.

Niagara South (federal electoral district)
Niagara South (French: Niagara-Sud; formerly Niagara Centre) is a federal electoral district in the Niagara Region of Ontario that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1988 and since 1997.

Under the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution the riding was renamed.
Worksop Priory
Worksop Priory (formally the Priory Church of Our Lady and Saint Cuthbert, Worksop) is a Church of England parish church and former priory in the town of Worksop, Nottinghamshire, part of the Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham and under the episcopal care of the Bishop of Beverley.

The church is Grade I listed by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport as a building of outstanding architectural or historic interest.

Department for Culture, Media and Sport
The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It holds the responsibility for culture and sport, and some aspects of the media throughout the UK, such as broadcasting. Its main offices are at 100 Parliament Street, occupying part of the building known as Government Offices Great George Street.

It also has responsibility for the tourism, leisure and creative industries (some jointly with the Department for Business and Trade). The department was also responsible for the delivery of the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games.

From 2017 to 2023, the department had responsibility for the building of a digital economy and was known as the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The responsibilities for digital policy were transferred to the newly created Department for Science, Innovation and Technology in the February 2023 cabinet reshuffle.
The Big Bang Theory season 3
The third season of the American television sitcom The Big Bang Theory aired on CBS from September 21, 2009 to May 24, 2010.

It received higher ratings than the previous two seasons with over 15 million viewers. The third season saw the first appearances of future main cast members Melissa Rauch and Mayim Bialik as Bernadette Rostenkowski and Dr. Amy Farrah Fowler respectively.

Christine Baranski was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards for the episode, "The Maternal Congruence". Jim Parsons won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series for the episode "The Pants Alternative".

Mayim Bialik
Mayim Chaya Bialik (/ˈmaɪɪm biˈɑːlɪk/ MY-im bee-AH-lik; born December 12, 1975) is an American actress and former game show host. From 1991 to 1995, she played the title character of the NBC sitcom Blossom. From 2010 to 2019, she played neuroscientist Amy Farrah Fowler on the CBS sitcom The Big Bang Theory, for which she was nominated four times for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series and won the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series in 2015 and 2017. Bialik shared hosting duties of Jeopardy! with Ken Jennings on a rotating basis between August 2021 and December 2023.
Elizabeth Burke-Plunkett
Elizabeth Mary Margaret Plunkett, Countess of Fingall (née Burke; 13 September 1862 – 28 October 1944) was born in Moycullen, a daughter of George Edmond Burke of Danesfield and his wife Theresa Quin.  She became an activist in Irish industrial, charitable and cultural groups, serving as second president of the Camogie Association and first president of the Irish Countrywomen's Association. She was also a noted literary hostess, whose salon at Earlsfort House was a centre of Dublin intellectual life for many years.

Moycullen
Moycullen (Irish: Maigh Cuilinn) is a village situated in the Gaeltacht  region of  County Galway, Ireland, about 10 km (7 mi) northwest of Galway city. It is near Lough Corrib, on the N59 road to Oughterard and Clifden, in Connemara. Moycullen is now a satellite town of Galway, with some residents commuting to the city for work, school, and business. The population increased by 33.7% from the 2016 census, reaching 2,279 in 2022.

Although Moycullen and its hinterland are classified as a ‘Gaeltacht’ area, the language has not been the local vernacular for many years. Moycullen falls under a Category C Gaeltacht Area due to its low percentage of daily Irish speakers.
Elena Letuchaya
Elena Alexandrovna Letuchaya (Russian: Елена Александровна Летучая; born 5 December 1978) is a Russian journalist, television presenter, producer and director. Host of Revizorro on the channel Friday!. She is the author of documentaries for TV channels TV3, STS and Friday!. She is the author and presenter of ART Life and Territory of men on the channel, Global Star TV. She graduated from School of broadcasting "MITRO", where she currently heads the "Workshop of Elena Letuchaya".

In 2015, she was among the sexiest women of Russia according to the magazine "Maxim", taking 91st place.

Maxim (magazine)
Maxim (stylized in all caps) is an international men's magazine, devised and launched in the United Kingdom in 1995, but based in New York City since 1997. It is known for its photography of actors, singers and female models whose careers are at their peak.  Maxim has a circulation of about 9 million readers each month. Maxim Digital reaches more than 4 million unique viewers each month. Maxim magazine publishes 16 editions, sold in 75 countries worldwide.
Timeline of the Republic of Texas
This is a timeline of the Republic of Texas, spanning the time from the Texas Declaration of Independence from Mexico on March 2, 1836, up to the transfer of power to the State of Texas on February 19, 1846.

Mier expedition
The Mier expedition was an unsuccessful military operation launched in November 1842 by a Texian militia against Mexican border settlements; it was related to the Somervell expedition. It included a major battle at Ciudad Mier on December 26 and 27, 1842, which the Mexicans won. The Texian attack was launched partly in hopes of financial gain and partly in retaliation for the Dawson Massacre (as named by Texans) earlier that year, in which thirty-six Texas militia were killed by the Mexican Army. Both conflicts were part of continuing efforts by each side to control the land between the Rio Grande and Nueces River. The Republic of Texas believed that the territory had been ceded to it in the Treaties of Velasco by which it gained independence, but Mexico did not agree. The expedition is best known for the Black Bean Episode, in which the Mexican Army decimated escaped prisoners, selecting for execution one in ten prisoners by drawing beans from a pot.
Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture (Myanmar)
The Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture (Burmese: သာသနာရေးနှင့်ယဉ်ကျေးမှုဝန်ကြီးဌာန) administers the religious affairs, cultural affairs and historical and archaeology research efforts of Myanmar (formerly Burma). The Department of Religious Affairs purification, perpetuation, promotion and propagation of the Theravada Buddhist Sasana and promotes Myanmar traditional customs and culture.

State Pariyatti Sasana University, Yangon
State Pariyatti Sāsana University, Yangon (Burmese: နိုင်ငံတော် ပရိယတ္တိသာသနာ့ တက္ကသိုလ် (ရန်ကုန်)) is a Buddhist university located in Yangon, Myanmar, which teaches members of the Buddhist sangha, specifically in the Pitaka, Pali, Burmese language and Burmese literature, and missionary work. The university was opened on 26 June 1986.

The university offers Bachelor of Arts (Sāsanatakkasīla Dhammācariya) and Master of Arts (Sāsanatakkasīla Mahādhammācariya) degrees, which are conferred as Burmese Buddhist titles. In 2018, 128 titles were conferred to Buddhist monks.
Chitra Ramkrishna
Chitra Ramkrishna (born 1963) is an Indian businesswoman and the former chief executive officer of National Stock Exchange (NSE). In March 2022, she was arrested by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) for her involvement in the co-location scam.

Securities and Exchange Board of India
The  Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulatory body for securities and commodity market in India under the administrative domain of Ministry of Finance within the Government of India. It was established on 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992.
Badme
Badme (Tigrinya: ባድመ, Arabic: بادم) is a town in the Gash-Barka region of Eritrea, on the border with Ethiopia. Control of the town was at the centre of the Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict, which lasted from the beginning of the Eritrean–Ethiopian War, in 1998, to the signing of a joint statement at the 2018 Eritrea–Ethiopia summit, twenty years later.

Tigrinya language
Tigrinya, sometimes romanized according to Italian spelling rules as Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language, which is a subgrouping within the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. It is primarily spoken by the Tigrinya and Tigrayan peoples, native to Eritrea and to the Tigray Region of Ethiopia, respectively. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions.
Le Potentiel
Le Potentiel is a Democratic Republic of the Congo daily newspaper published by an award-winning journalist Modeste Mutinga. The Committee to Protect Journalists described it as "the only independent daily newspaper in the war-torn Democratic Republic of Congo". According to Mutinga, the paper has "an agenda" of promoting economic development and democracy.

The paper criticized multiple DRC presidents, and Mutinga has been threatened, arrested, and jailed multiple times on charges related to his reporting. In 1992, during the Mobutu Sese Seko era, the offices of the newspaper were bombed. In 1998, Mutinga was arrested following an article covering the house arrest of the opposition leader Étienne Tshisekedi.

Committee to Protect Journalists
The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in New York City, with correspondents around the world. CPJ promotes press freedom and defends the rights of journalists. The American Journalism Review has called the organization "Journalism's Red Cross." Since the late 1980s, CPJ has published an annual census of journalists killed or imprisoned in relation to their work.
Indian River High School
Indian River High School is the name of several high schools:

Indian River High School (Delaware), Dagsboro, Delaware

Indian River High School (Ohio), Massillon, Ohio

Indian River High School (Chesapeake, Virginia)

Indian River Central High School, Philadelphia, New York

Indian River Charter High School, Vero Beach, Florida

Indian River High School (Ohio)
Indian River High School is a high school in Massillon, Ohio.  It is a part of the Indian River Juvenile Correctional Facility.  All youth prisoners who do not have a high school degree are required to participate in the educational program. It takes in young men from the age of 12 to the age of 21.  They were awarded an accreditation from the American Correctional Association in 1998.
Ken Mattingly
Thomas Kenneth Mattingly II (March 17, 1936 – October 31, 2023) was an American aviator, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, rear admiral in the United States Navy, and astronaut who orbited the Moon on Apollo 16 and flew on the Space Shuttle STS-4 and STS-51-C missions.

Born in Chicago, Illinois, Mattingly was replaced as Apollo 13 crew three days before launch, then helped NASA bring the crippled spacecraft home. Mattingly flew as Command Module Pilot for Apollo 16 and made 64 lunar orbits, becoming one of 24 astronauts to fly to the Moon. During Apollo 16's return to Earth, Mattingly performed an extravehicular activity to retrieve film cassettes from the command and service module. It was the second "deep space" EVA in history, at great distance from any planetary body.

Mattingly and his Apollo 16 commander, John Young, are the only astronauts to have flown to the Moon and orbited the Earth on the Space Shuttle.

Planetary-mass object
A planetary-mass object (PMO), planemo, or planetary body (sometimes referred to as a world) is, by geophysical definition of celestial objects, any celestial object massive enough to achieve hydrostatic equilibrium and assume an ellipsoid shape, but not enough to sustain core fusion like a star.

The purpose of this term is to classify together a broader range of celestial objects than just "planet", since many objects similar in geophysical terms do not conform to conventional astrodynamic expectations for a planet. Planetary-mass objects can be quite diverse in origin and location, and include planets, dwarf planets, planetary-mass moons and free-floating planets, which may have been ejected from a system (rogue planets) or formed through cloud-collapse rather than accretion (sub-brown dwarfs).
I Stand Here Ironing
"I Stand Here Ironing" is a short story by Tillie Olsen that first appeared in Pacific Spectator and Stanford Short Stories in 1956 under the title "Help Her to Believe". The story was republished in 1957 as "I Stand Here Ironing" in Best American Short Stories. The work was first collected in Tell Me a Riddle published by J. B. Lippincott & Co. in 1961.

Along with "Tell Me a Riddle" (1960), "I Stand Here Ironing" is by far the most reprinted and anthologized of Olsen's fictional work.

Gale (publisher)
Gale is a global provider of research and digital learning resources. The company is based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, United States, west of Detroit. It has been a division of Cengage since 2007.

The company, formerly known as Gale Research and the Gale Group, is active in research and educational publishing for public, academic, and school libraries, and for businesses. The company is known for its full-text magazine and newspaper databases, Gale OneFile (formerly known as Infotrac), and other online databases subscribed by libraries, as well as multi-volume reference works, especially in the areas of religion, history, and social science.

Founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1954 by Frederick Gale Ruffner Jr., the company was acquired by the International Thomson Organization (later the Thomson Corporation) in 1985 before its 2007 sale to Cengage.
Zapuk Zupuk
Zapuk Zupuk is an Indian Marathi-language romantic drama film directed by Kedar Shinde and produced by Jio Studios's Jyoti Deshpande and Kedaar Shinde Productions's Bela Kedar Shinde. The film stars Suraj Chavan, the winner of Bigg Boss Marathi season 5, and Jui Bhagwat. The film was theatrically released on 25 April 2025.

Jyoti Deshpande
Jyoti Deshpande is an Indian film producer and media executive, currently serving as the President of Media and Content Business at Reliance Entertainment and CEO of Jio Studios. She is the former CEO of Viacom 18 and managing director of Eros International. Jyoti is also the former co-chair of the Media & Entertainment Committee, FICCI. She has been featured in Fortune India as well as Business Today's 50 Most Powerful Women in Business.
Jake Hoffman (American football)
Jacob Harry Hoffman (July 21, 1895 – February 11, 1977) was an American football player.

Hoffman was born in Syracuse, New York, in 1895. He served in the United States Army and was a veteran of the Mexican Border War prior to the U.S. entry into World War I.

He played at the fullback position in the National Football League (NFL) for the Rochester Jeffersons in 1925. He appeared in four NFL games, two as a starter.

After his football career ended, he lived in Jordan, New York, for more than 30 years. He was employed as the business agent for a lathers union. He married Mary Bink, and they had a son and a daughter. Hoffman died in 1977 at age 81 at Community-General Hospital in Syracuse, New York.

Rochester Jeffersons
The Rochester Jeffersons were an American football team based in Rochester, New York, from 1898 to 1925.  The team was a founding member of the National Football League (NFL), in which they played from 1920 to 1925.
Tjong Yong Hian
Tjong Yong Hian (1850–1911) was a Hakka Chinese businessman and kapitan who greatly contributed to the development of society in the city of Medan around the early 1900s. He is the brother of Tjong A Fie, his kapitan successor.

Tjong Yong Hian, also known as Zhang Yu Nan or Zhang Rongxuan, was the second of 7 children. Descending from a Hakka family, he was born in Guangdong, Songkou city, Meixian District, South China, in 1850. He migrated from China to Indonesia, departing through the port of Shantou and sailed across the South China Sea. After sailing for 21 days, he landed in Jakarta (formerly Batavia), in 1867 at the age of 17. Three years later, having had sufficient savings, Tjong left Batavia for Medan, Sumatra, with the intention of starting his own business. Tjong was fluent in Malay, a respectable language in North Sumatra.

Meixian, Meizhou
Meixian District (Chinese: 梅县区) is a district of Meizhou Prefecture,  Guangdong, China, bordering Fujian Province to the east. The district is an important Hakka settlement and is the ancestral home of many Hakka descendants living in Taiwan and other countries worldwide.
2018 BGL Luxembourg Open
The 2018 BGL BNP Paribas Luxembourg Open was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts sponsored by BNP Paribas. It was the 23rd edition of the Luxembourg Open, and part of the WTA International tournaments category of the 2018 WTA Tour. It was held in Kockelscheuer, Luxembourg from 15 October until 20 October 2018.

WTA International tournaments
The WTA International tournaments was a category for tennis tournaments of the Women's Tennis Association from the 2009 WTA Tour until 2020, which replaced the previous Tier III and Tier IV categories. As of 2021, these events have been reclassified as WTA 250 tournaments. The winner of a WTA 250 tournament adds 250 points to her WTA ranking.

For the 2025 season, there were 21 WTA 250, all knock-out tournaments with a prize money for every event at $275,094.