hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Achille Souchard
Alphonse Achille Souchard (17 May 1900 – 20 September 1976) was a French cyclist who competed in the road race at the 1920 Summer Olympics. He finished tenth individually and won a gold medal in the team time trial.

After winning several amateur races in 1922–23, including the French Road Championships, he turned professional, and won the national again title in 1925 and 1926. He rode the 1924 Tour de France, but did not finish.

1924 Tour de France
The 1924 Tour de France was the 18th edition of the Tour de France and was won by Ottavio Bottecchia. He was the first Italian cyclist to win the Tour and the first rider to hold the yellow jersey the entire event.  The race was held over 5,425 km with an average speed of 23.972 km/h (14.896 mph). 60 riders finished the race from the original 157 cyclists.

Entrants of the 1924 Tour included several past and future winners including defending champion Henri Pélissier (1923), Philippe Thys (1913, 1914, 1920), Lucien Buysse (1926) and Nicolas Frantz (1927, 1928).

The event saw the increase of the time bonus for stage wins move from 2 minutes to 3 minutes. In addition, it was the final year of the 15-stage format that had started in 1910. One of the most important events of the race occurred on the third stage, when defending champion Pélissier quit the race because of a new fight with tour organiser Henri Desgrange.
June Tompkins Benson
Mildred June Benson (née Tomkins), commonly known as June Benson (1915–1981), was the first woman to serve as mayor in the American State of Oklahoma when elected mayor of Norman in 1957 by city commissioners. Benson was inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame in 1985, thanks also to the significant contributions she made on voting rights and environmental protection.

Environmental protection
Environmental protection, or environment protection, refers to the taking of measures to protecting the natural environment, prevent pollution and maintain ecological balance. Action may be taken by individuals, advocacy groups and governments. Objectives include the conservation of the existing natural environment and natural resources and, when possible, repair of damage and reversal of harmful trends.

Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960s, environmental movements have created more awareness of the multiple environmental problems. There is disagreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, so protection measures are occasionally debated.
Rara Koestijah
Koestijah (EYD: Kustiah), who commonly published as Rara Koestijah ("the girl Koestijah") was a Javanese language writer of the Dutch East Indies known primarily for the short stories she published in the 1930s and early 1940s in the magazine Panjebar Semangat. Her short stories dealt with themes of interpersonal moral conflicts, class difference, and marriage.

Indonesian orthography
Indonesian orthography refers to the official spelling system used in the Indonesian language. The current system uses the Latin script and is called Ejaan yang Disempurnakan (EYD), commonly translated as Enhanced Spelling, Perfected Spelling or Improved Spelling.
Outer billiards
Outer billiards is a dynamical system based on a convex shape in the plane. Classically, this system is defined for the Euclidean plane but one can also consider the system in the hyperbolic plane or in other spaces that suitably generalize the plane. Outer billiards differs from a usual dynamical billiard in that it deals with a discrete sequence of moves outside the shape rather than inside of it.

Jürgen Moser
Jürgen Kurt Moser (July 4, 1928 – December 17, 1999) was a German-American mathematician, honored for work spanning over four decades, including Hamiltonian dynamical systems and partial differential equations.
Kaspar Gottfried Schweizer
Kaspar Gottfried Schweizer (16 February 1816 – 6 July 1873) was a Swiss astronomer who travelled to Moscow in 1845 to become Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy at the Survey Institute, and later director of the Moscow University Observatory.

Schweizer was born in 1816 as the son of a pastor at Wila, Switzerland. In 1839, he went to Königsberg to assist Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel. From 1841 to 1845 he worked at Pulkovo Observatory under Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve. Schweizer discovered five comets, and found one NGC object, NGC 7804, on 11 November 1864.

Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel
Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (German: [ˈbɛsl̩]; 22 July 1784 – 17 March 1846) was a German astronomer, mathematician, physicist, and geodesist. He was the first astronomer who determined reliable values for the distance from the Sun to another star by the method of parallax. Certain important mathematical functions were first studied systematically by Bessel and were named Bessel functions in his honour.
Five Stairsteps
The Five Stairsteps, known as "The First Family of Soul" and later "The Invisible Man's Band", were an American Chicago soul group made up of five of Betty and Clarence Burke Sr.'s six children: Alohe Jean, Clarence Jr., James, Dennis, and Kenneth "Keni", and briefly, Cubie. They are best known for the 1970 song "O-o-h Child", listed at number 402 on Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.

Chicago soul
Chicago soul is a style of soul music that arose during the 1960s in Chicago.  Along with Detroit, the home of Motown, and Memphis, with its hard-edged, gritty performers (see Memphis soul), Chicago and the Chicago soul style helped spur the album-oriented soul revolution of the early 1970s.

The sound of Chicago soul, like southern soul with its rich influence of black gospel music, also exhibited an unmistakable gospel sound, but was somewhat lighter and more delicate in its approach. Chicago vocal groups tended to feature laid-back sweet harmonies, while solo artists exhibited a highly melodic and somewhat pop approach to their songs.

Accompaniment usually featured highly orchestrated arrangements, with horns and strings, by such notable arrangers as Johnny Pate (who largely worked with horns) and Riley Hampton (who specialized in strings). This kind of soul music is sometimes called "soft soul", to distinguish it from the more harsh and gospel-like "hard soul" style.
Integrated Electronic Litigation System
The Integrated Electronic Litigation System (iELS) or eLitigation (eLit) is an initiative by the Singapore Judiciary to replace the existing Electronic Filing System (EFS) which has been in use since 2000. EFS was conceived and developed in the mid- to late-1990s, and iELS represents the second phase in implementing technology to enhance the litigation process in Singapore.

Judicial system of Singapore
Under the Constitution of Singapore, the judicial system of Singapore is divided into the Supreme Court which comprises the Court of Appeal and the High Court, and the subordinate courts, namely the State Courts and Family Justice Courts - collectively known as SG Courts.

As one of the three branches of the Singapore government, the judiciary enforces and interprets the laws, ensuring that all are equal before the law and have access to justice. The judiciary is headed by the Chief Justice.

Singapore practices the common law legal system, where the decisions of higher courts constitute binding precedent upon courts of equal or lower status within their jurisdiction, as opposed to the civil law legal system in continental Europe.

The current criminal code was preceded by the Indian Penal Code which was adopted when Singapore was a Crown colony of the British Empire.
Seisyll Bryffwrch
Seisyll Bryffwrch (fl. 1155–1175) was a Welsh-language poet.

Seisyll competed against and was defeated by Cynddelw in a contest for the role of chief court poet to Madog ap Maredudd, prince of Powys.

Seisyll's own compositions include elegies on the death of Owain Gwynedd and of Iorwerth Drwyndwn grandfather and father respectively of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth. Seisyll also wrote poems in praise of the campaigns of the Lord Rhys.

Owain Gwynedd
Owain ap Gruffudd (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈoʊain ap 'grɨfɨð], d. 23 November 1170) or Owain Gwynedd (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈoʊain ˈɡwɨnɛð]) was King of Gwynedd from 1137 until his death in 1170, succeeding his father Gruffudd ap Cynan. He is known as Owain Gwynedd to distinguish him from the contemporary Powysian ruler, Owain Cyfeiliog, whose name was also Owain ap Gruffudd. Owain Gwynedd was the first recorded Welsh ruler to style himself king of Wales and Prince of the Welsh.
Hokuriku Tunnel
Hokuriku Tunnel (北陸トンネル) is a tunnel on the Hapi-Line Fukui Line　(formerly JR-West Hokuriku Main Line) that runs between Tsuruga and Minamiechizen in Fukui Prefecture with approximate length of 13.870 km. It was completed and opened in 1962, and directly below Konome pass, which was the most difficult section of the Hokuriku Main Line.

Hapi-Line Fukui
Hapi-Line Fukui (株式会社ハピラインふくい, Kabushiki-gaisha Hapirain Fukui) is a Japanese third-sector railway company established in 2019 that operates passenger railway services on the section of the former JR West Hokuriku Main Line that lay within Fukui Prefecture. This section of the Hokuriku Main Line was separated from the JR West network on 16 March 2024, coinciding with the opening of the Hokuriku Shinkansen extension from Kanazawa to Tsuruga, and Hapi-Line Fukui trains began operation on that day.
Chak Gadaipur
Chak Gadaipur is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 17.7 kilometres (11.0 mi) from Shahkot, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Nakodar, 53 kilometres (33 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 195 kilometres (121 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar
Jalandhar (IPA: /d͡ʒəːləndə̀ɾᵊ/) is a city in the state of Punjab in India. With a considerable population, it ranks as the third most-populous city in the state and is the largest city in the Doaba region. Jalandhar lies alongside the historical Grand Trunk Road and is a well-connected junction for both rail and road networks. The National Highway 1 (NH1), crosses Jalandhar, further enhancing its connectivity.
Hackerspace.gr
Hackerspace.gr ('hsgr') is a hackerspace in Athens, Greece, established in 2011. It operates as a cultural center, computer laboratory and meeting place (with free wireless access). Hackerspace.gr promotes creative coding and hardware hacking through its variety of activities. According to its website: "Hackerspace.gr is a physical space dedicated to creative code and hardware hacking, in Athens".

Creative coding
Creative coding is a type of computer programming in which the goal is to create something expressive instead of something functional. It is used to create live visuals and for VJing, as well as creating visual art and design, entertainment (e.g. video games), art installations, projections and projection mapping, sound art, advertising, product prototypes, and much more.
Wright-Phillips
Wright-Phillips is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Shaun Wright-Phillips, English footballer

Bradley Wright-Phillips, English footballer, brother of Shaun

D'Margio Wright-Phillips, English footballer, son of Shaun

D'Margio Wright-Phillips
D'Margio Cameron Wright-Phillips (born 24 September 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a right winger for Belgian Pro League club Beerschot. Born in England, he plays for the  Grenada national team.
George Mebane
George Allen Mebane (born July 4, 1850) was a state legislator in North Carolina. He lived in Windsor. He was African American. He served in the North Carolina Senate during the 1876–1877 session representing Bertie County and Northampton County.

He served along with four other African Americans in the North Carolina Senate in the 1876–1877 session, William H. Moore, Hanson T. Hughes, John R. Bryant, and William P. Mabson.

Northampton County, North Carolina
Northampton County (/nɔːrˈθæmptən/ ⓘ nor-THAMP-tən) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,471. Its county seat is Jackson. Northampton County is part of the Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids, NC Combined Statistical Area.
Mount Walker
Mount Walker (64°49′S 62°1′W﻿ / ﻿64.817°S 62.017°W﻿ / -64.817; -62.017) is a snow-covered mountain which rises from the northeast part of Forbidden Plateau, 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) south of the head of Blanchard Glacier, in northern Graham Land, Antarctica. It was surveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Richard Walker of the Discovery Investigations, First Officer on RRS Discovery II, 1933–37.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Walker". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Chief mate
A chief mate (C/M) or chief officer, usually also synonymous with the first mate or first officer, is a licensed mariner and head of the deck department of a merchant ship. The chief mate is customarily a watchstander and is in charge of the ship's cargo and deck crew. The actual title used will vary by ship's employment, by type of ship, by nationality, and by trade: for instance, chief mate is not usually used in the Commonwealth, although chief officer and first mate are; on passenger ships, the first officer may be a separate position from that of the chief officer that is junior to the latter.

The chief mate answers to the captain for the safety and security of the ship. Responsibilities include the crew's welfare and training in areas such as safety, firefighting, search and rescue.

The mate on a fishing vessel may be called the second hand.
The Video Singles
The Video Singles is a music video compilation by Bananarama, released by Channel 5 in 1987, featuring videos which had been made to accompany the four singles taken from the True Confessions album. The "Venus" video is the 7" version, the extended version featuring instead on The Greatest Hits Collection. "A Trick of the Night" is the U.S. version: this song has two different videos, namely the UK black-and-white version, and the U.S. colour version; the UK b/w version was directed by Paul Heiney for the BBC programme, In at the Deep End. Bananarama hated this video. The other two videos included in the collection were for "Do Not Disturb" and "More Than Physical".

The video for "Do Not Disturb", the one track entirely produced by Jolley & Swain, was directed by Simon Milne, whereas the videos for the three songs produced by Stock, Aitken & Waterman (though "A Trick of the Night" was also produced by Jolley & Swain in its original album version) were all directed by Peter Care.

Jolley & Swain
Steven Nicholas Jolley (born April 1950) and Tony Swain (born 20 January 1952, London, England) were a successful songwriting and record production duo in the United Kingdom in the early to mid-1980s, producing some of the top artists and songs of the era.
Maxims of equity
Maxims of equity are legal maxims that serve as a set of general principles or rules which are said to govern the way in which equity operates. They tend to illustrate the qualities of equity, in contrast to the common law, as a more flexible, responsive approach to the needs of the individual, inclined to take into account the parties' conduct and worthiness. They were developed by the English Court of Chancery and other courts that administer equity jurisdiction, including the law of trusts. Although the most fundamental and time honored of the maxims, listed on this page, are often referred to on their own as the 'maxims of equity' or 'the equitable maxims', it cannot be said that there is a definitive list of them. Like other kinds of legal maxims or principles, they were originally, and sometimes still are, expressed in Latin.

Liu v. Securities and Exchange Commission
Liu v. Securities and Exchange Commission, 591 U.S. 71 (2020), is a US Supreme Court case related to disgorgement awards sought by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for fraudulent activities. The Court ruled in an 8–1 decision that such disgorgement awards can be awarded by the courts as equitable relief under the Securities Act of 1933, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d)(5), but they are limited to the wrongdoer's net profits and must be awarded for victims.
Roderick Gilchrist
Roderick Gilchrist (1950–2009) was an American artist and art dealer who was the executive director of the Cartoon Art Museum in San Francisco, California.

Gilchrist graduated from Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, New York, with a Master of Fine Arts and worked at the Anita Shapolsky Gallery. He taught at the Pratt Institute, Hofstra University and the New College of California.

In 1998, Gilchrist became the executive director of the Cartoon Art Museum. His involvement with the museum spurred a subsidy program for small non-profit arts organizations in San Francisco. As the museum director, Gilchrist also initiated a program to bring the art and craft of cartooning to schools.

Gilchrist died of brain cancer on February 26, 2009.

Cartoon Art Museum
The Cartoon Art Museum (CAM) is a California art museum that specializes in the art of comics and cartoons. It is the only museum in the Western United States dedicated to the preservation and exhibition of all forms of cartoon art. The permanent collection features some 7,000 pieces as of 2015, including original animation cels, comic book pages and sculptures.

Until September 2015, the museum was located in the Yerba Buena Gardens cultural district of San Francisco, in the South of Market neighborhood. It reopened in October 2017, in a new location in the Fisherman's Wharf area of San Francisco.
St. Alphonse (1894 ship)
The St. Alphonse was a small steamship operated by the Brothers of the Oblate Order of Mary Immaculate, in the Northwest Territories of Canada.  The order built a small fleet of steamboats to transit the Mackenzie River and its tributaries.  Although fastmoving, the Mackenzie River is navigable along its entire length.  But the Order required multiple vessels because some of the major tributaries, like the Peace River, Slave River had rapids that were too fast, or too shallow for navigation.

The St. Alphonse traveled on the Mackenzie itself, Great Slave Lake, and the lower Slave River, to the portage near Fort Smith, Northwest Territories.

Fort Smith, Northwest Territories
Fort Smith (Chipewyan: Thebacha "beside the rapids") is a town in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada. It is located in the southeastern portion of the Northwest Territories, on the Slave River and adjacent to the Alberta border along the 60th parallel north.
Savignia naniplopi
Savignia naniplopi is a species of spiders belonging to the family Linyphiidae. It is only known from two adjacent caves, Arkalospiliara and Doxa, in Heraklion regional unit on the island of Crete, Greece.

This is a very small spider with a total length (excluding legs) of only around 1.6 millimetres (0.063 in). All parts are a plain orange colour. The sexes are rather similar apart from the male having a distinctively shaped "snout" which carries two of the eight eyes.

The specific name is a Latin rendering of "Plop the gnome", a reference to the Belgian children's TV character Kabouter Plop. This refers to the subterranean habits of this species and also to the resemblance in shape of the "snout" of the male to Kabouter Plop's hat. The species was described by two Belgians.

Studio 100
Studio 100 N.V. is a Belgian production and distribution company that specializes in kids & family entertainment content and operated their in-house animation studios such as their Australian animation company Flying Bark Productions and theme parks worldwide including their own international distribution division Studio 100 International alongside their main television channels such as Studio 100 TV. The headquarters of the company is in Schelle, along with offices in Breda, Munich, Paris, New York City, Sydney and Los Angeles.
Juan Picasso González
Juan Picasso González (22 August 1857 – 5 April 1935) was a Spanish military man and general who participated in the Rif War with the Spanish Army of Africa in late 19th century and early 20th century. He was a military investigation instructor known for "Expediente Picasso", an investigation report related to the historical defeat of the Spanish Army, some 20,000 soldiers and officers, of which some 8,000 were killed, against the Riffian rebels at the Battle of Annual, on July 1, 1921; known as The disaster of Annual.

He was the grand-uncle of the worldwide famous painter and sculptor Pablo Picasso, who was the son of one of his nieces.

Born at Málaga in 1857, he joined the Academia de Estado Mayor in 1876, where he was one of the brightest students and an accomplished horse rider. He participated in a military confrontation in the North African seaside town of Melilla in October 1893.

Army of Africa (Spain)
The Army of Africa (Spanish: Ejército de África, Arabic: الجيش الإسباني في أفريقيا, romanized: Al-Jaysh al-Isbānī fī Afriqā, Riffian; Aserdas n Tefriqt), also known as the Army of Spanish Morocco (Spanish: Cuerpo de Ejército Marroquí'), was a field army of the Spanish Army that garrisoned the Spanish protectorate in Morocco from 1912 until Morocco's independence in 1956.

At the start of the 20th century, the Spanish Empire's colonial possessions in Africa comprised Morocco, Spanish Sahara, Ifni, Cape Juby and Spanish Guinea.
Pseuduvaria bruneiensis
Pseuduvaria bruneiensis  is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae.  It is endemic to Borneo. Yvonne Chuan Fang Su and Richard M.K. Saunders, the botanists who first formally described the species, named it after Brunei where the specimens they examined were collected.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Ōmura clan
The Ōmura clan (大村氏, Ōmura-shi) was a clan of samurai of Medieval Japan of the province of Hizen descended from Fujiwara no Sumitomo (died 941). The clan is notable for being the first daimyo family in Japan to convert to Christianity in 1562.

Fujiwara no Sumitomo
Fujiwara no Sumitomo (藤原 純友; died 941) was a Japanese Heian era court noble and warrior. From 939 to 941, he aided the Taira clan in a series of revolts.

Sumitomo built his power base in Northern Kyushu. After making a secret agreement with Taira no Masakado, who was leading a revolt in Shimōsa Province, Sumitomo led his own revolt in Iyo province in 939, and soon afterwards invaded the provinces of Harima and Bizen. The revolt quickly spread throughout the whole San'yō region.

Pursued by imperial forces led by Ono no Yoshifuru and Minamoto no Tsunemoto, Sumitomo fled to Dazaifu, burning down the Dazaifu headquarters before he was defeated in battle at Hakata Bay. He then fled back to Iyo province, where he was captured. He was executed shortly afterwards, in 941, by Tachibana no Tōyasu.

His father was Fujiwara no Yoshinori, and he was the ancestor of the Arima clan of Hizen province.