hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Youth Business Scotland
Youth Business Scotland is a programme provided by The King's Trust Scotland. It funds and supports young people to startup and grow a business. It provides advice and financial support for young people between 18 and 30 who would like to start their own business. It is one of The Prince's Charities.

The Youth Business Scotland programme was formed in 2012 by the merger of the then Prince's Trust Scotland and sister charity The Prince's Trust Youth Business Scotland (formerly The Prince's Scottish Youth Business Trust; PSYBT). The Prince's Trust Scotland had been established in 2000 when The Prince's Trust (later renamed The King's Trust in 2020s) was devolved into English, Northern Ireland, Scottish and Welsh organisations. PSYBT had been established in 1989 by King Charles III (then Prince of Wales).

Previous businesses that have been supported include BrewDog, MJM International and Lingo24.

BrewDog
BrewDog is a multinational brewery and pub chain based in Ellon, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. With production of over 100 million litres, BrewDog is the seventh-largest beer brand in Britain, and claims to be the "#1 Craft Brewer in Europe". As of 2023, the brand was available in 57 countries, with beers sold in over 129 bars and widely distributed internationally.

BrewDog, founded in 2007 by James Watt and Martin Dickie, opted not to invest in traditional advertising such as billboards or newspaper placements. Instead, the company employed a strategy centred on generating free media coverage through deliberately provocative campaigns, controversies, and publicity stunts.
Schreyer Honors College
The Schreyer Honors College (or SHC) is the honors program of the Pennsylvania State University. Founded in 1980 as the University Scholars Program, it was expanded and renamed in 1997 in response to a $30 million gift by William and Joan Schreyer. Schreyer was one of three honors colleges, along with those at Arizona State and Mississippi, to be listed by Reader's Digest in its "America's 100 Best" list published in May, 2005. On November 17, 2006, the Schreyers pledged an additional gift of $25 million to the Schreyer Honors College. Having contributed more than $58 million to Penn State, they were the largest family donors in the school's history, prior to the recent donation of $88 million from  Terry and Kim Pegula for a new arena.

After a decade of service, Dean Christian Brady announced in May 2016 that he was stepping down, effective May 31. Kathleen J. Bieschke was named interim dean on May 25, 2016.

Patrick Mather became the dean on August 16, 2021.

Terry Pegula
Terrence Michael Pegula (born March 27, 1951) is an American billionaire businessman and petroleum engineer. He is the owner of the Buffalo Sabres of the National Hockey League (NHL) and, with a consortium of private equity firms and athletes, the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League (NFL). He is also the president of both franchises. Amassing his fortune via investments in fracking, Pegula has interests in natural gas development, real estate, entertainment, and professional sports. His net worth is over US$7 billion.
Ethan Phillips
John Ethan Phillips (born February 8, 1955) is an American actor. He is best known for his television roles as Neelix on Star Trek: Voyager (1995–2001) and PR man Pete Downey on Benson (1979–1986). His film roles include Critters (1986) and its sequel Critters 3 (1991), as well as The Island (2005), Inside Llewyn Davis (2013), and Irrational Man (2015).

Playwrights Horizons
Playwrights Horizons is a not-for-profit American Off-Broadway theater located in New York City dedicated to the support and development of contemporary American playwrights, composers, and lyricists, and to the production of their new work.

Under the leadership of Artistic Director Adam Greenfield and Managing Director Casey York, Playwrights Horizons encourages the new work of veteran writers while nurturing an emerging generation of theater artists. Writers are supported through every stage of their growth with a series of development programs: script and score evaluations, commissions, readings, musical theater workshops, Studio and Mainstage productions.
Bonhishikha
Bonhishikha is a Dhaka, Bangladesh based, feminist not-for-profit organization which advocates for women's rights, gender equality and raise awareness of gender-based violence. Bonhishikha primarily uses theater and story telling as an educational tool to promote gender equity and facilitate dialogue. The organization also initiates and facilitates communication around important issues related to women's emancipation.  Tasaffy Hossain, a freelance development professional, research worker and an advocate for gender rights, is the founder and coordinator of Bonhishikha.

Gender-related violence
Gender-related violence or gender-based violence (GBV) refers to any kind of violence directed against people due to their gender or gender identification, culture may have a role to play, being lower in egalitarianism societies and higher, sexist (misogynistic and misandrist) societies.

In ancient text are mentioned many acts of violence against other people, particularly towards women due the fact that were seen as weaker and less defensive members of the societies, and due the lack of a legislation that protect them against harm doers.
Keiō Keibajō Line
The Keiō Keibajō line (京王競馬場線, Keiō Keibajō-sen; "Keio Racecourse Line") is a railway line in Fuchū, Tokyo, Japan, owned and operated by the private railway operator Keio Corporation. It connects Higashi-Fuchū on the Keiō Line and Fuchū-Keiba-Seimon-mae, and services the Tokyo Racecourse as well as the surrounding suburbs.

Keio Corporation
Keio Corporation (Japanese: 京王電鉄株式会社, Hepburn: Keiō Dentetsu Kabushiki-gaisha; 'Keio Electric Railway KK') is a private railway operator in Tokyo, Japan and the central firm of the Keio Group (京王グループ, Keiō Gurūpu) that is involved in transport, retail, real estate and other industries. The Keio railway network connects western suburbs of Tokyo (Chōfu, Fuchū, Hachiōji, Hino, Inagi, Tama) and Sagamihara in Kanagawa with central Tokyo at Shinjuku Station.

The name 'Keio' (京王) is derived from taking one character each from the places through which the railway runs: Tokyo (東京) and Hachiōji (八王子).
Samuel Black Range
The Samuel Black Range is a mountain range in the angle of the upper Toodoggone and the Finlay Rivers in northern British Columbia, Canada. It has an area of 808 km2 and is a subrange of the Omineca Mountains which in turn form part of the Interior Mountains.  The range is named for Samuel Black, the first European to explore the area.

The highest mountain in the Samuel Black Range is the unofficially named Samuel Black SW13 at 2,120 m (6,955 ft).

Toodoggone River
The Toodoggone River is a tributary of the Finlay River in the Northern Interior of British Columbia, Canada, flowing east into the upper reaches of the Finlay just south of the Fishing Lakes.  At the head of the Toodoggone is Metsantan Pass, which is at the divide with the Stikine River basin and also on the spine of the Continental Divide.
W253BG
W253BG (98.5 FM) is an alternative rock radio station located in Arial, South Carolina area.  Although licensed as a broadcast translator prohibited from carrying its own programming, it broadcasts under a legal loophole allowed by the Federal Communications Commission, by simulcasting on HD Radio channel 2 of WJMZ FM 107.3, allowing such stations to sidestep the restriction on translators, as well as regulations regarding the excessive concentration of media ownership by a single company in a given media market.

Loophole
A loophole is an ambiguity or inadequacy in a system, such as a law or security, which can be used to circumvent or otherwise avoid the purpose, implied or explicitly stated, of the system.

Originally, the word meant an arrowslit, a narrow vertical window in a wall through which an archer (or, later, gunman) could shoot. Loopholes were commonly used in U.S. forts built during the 1800s. Located in the sally port, a loophole was considered a last ditch defense, where guards could close off the inner and outer doors trapping enemy soldiers and using small arms fire through the slits.

Legal loopholes are distinct from lacunae, although the two terms are often used interchangeably. In a loophole, a law addressing a certain issue exists, but can be legally circumvented due to a technical defect in the law, such as a situation where the details are under-specified. A lacuna, on the other hand, is a situation in which no law exists in the first place to address that particular issue.
Bastelica
Bastelica is a commune in the Corse-du-Sud department of France on the island of Corsica.

It was the birthplace of Sampiero Corso.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Bastelicais, Bastelicaises, or Bastilcacci.

Parc naturel régional de Corse
The Regional Natural Park of Corsica (French: Parc Naturel Régional de Corse, Corsican: Parcù di Corsica) is a natural park. It was listed in 1972 and then relisted for 10 years in June 1999. The Natural Park covers nearly 40% of the island of Corsica. A section the park centering on the Gulf of Porto was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 because of its beauty, excellent representation of Corsican shrubland, and avian and marine diversity.

The aim of the natural park is to protect the rich flora and wildlife of the island. 145 communes are part of the program which supports the project and are grouped in 11 micro-regions, called:

Falasorma Marsulinu

Caccia Ghjunsani

Niolu

Castagniccia

Centru di Corsica

Fium'Orbu

Alta Rocca

Taravu Bastelica

Gravona

Cruzinu Dui Sorru

Deux-Sevi
Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase
In enzymology, a xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.22) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

XMP + diphosphate  5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + xanthine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are XMP and diphosphate, whereas its two products are 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate and xanthine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the pentosyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is XMP:diphosphate 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribosyltransferase. Other names in common use include Xan phosphoribosyltransferase, xanthosine 5'-phosphate pyrophosphorylase, xanthylate pyrophosphorylase, xanthylic pyrophosphorylase, XMP pyrophosphorylase, 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose-1-diphosphate:xanthine, phospho-D-ribosyltransferase, 9-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)xanthine:diphosphate, and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribosyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in purine metabolism.

Xanthosine monophosphate
Xanthosine monophosphate (xanthylate) is an intermediate in purine metabolism. It is a ribonucleoside monophosphate. It is formed from IMP via the action of IMP dehydrogenase, and it forms GMP via the action of GMP synthase. Also, XMP can be released from XTP by enzyme deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase containing (d)XTPase activity.

It is abbreviated XMP.
Änglahund
Änglahund is a song written by Hasse Andersson, and recorded on his 1982 album with the same name.  The song's lyrics asks the question if God allows people bringing their dog into Heaven after death. The song has also been recorded with lyrics in English, as Angel Buddy.

The song was also dealt with during a meeting of bishops, where Christian leaders wondered how a non-religious song about the afterlife could make thousands of people listen, while priests in church had problems getting visitors despite dealing with the same issue.

Song lyrics reflect a time when dog licence was used in Sweden.

Dog licence
A dog licence is required in some jurisdictions to be the keeper of a dog. Usually a dog-licence identifying number is issued to the owner, along with a dog tag bearing the identifier and a contact number for the registering organization. If a stray pet is found with the tag, a rescuer can call the registering organization to get current contact information for the animal.

Licensing a dog might require additional actions on the owner's part, such as ensuring that the dog has a current rabies vaccination or passing a dog obedience test. In many jurisdictions a fee, which is usually small, must be paid. Licences typically must be renewed annually or after some small number of years.
Particle beam
A particle beam is a stream of charged or neutral particles other than photons. In particle accelerators, these particles can move with a velocity close to the speed of light. There is a difference between the creation and control of charged particle beams and neutral particle beams, as only the first type can be manipulated to a sufficient extent by devices based on electromagnetism. The manipulation and diagnostics of charged particle beams at high kinetic energies using particle accelerators are main topics of accelerator physics.

Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion.

In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a non-rotating object of mass m traveling at a speed v is .

The kinetic energy of an object is equal to the work, or force (F) in the direction of motion times its displacement (s), needed to accelerate the object from rest to its given speed. The same amount of work is done by the object when decelerating from its current speed to a state of rest.

The SI unit of energy is the joule, while the English unit of energy is the foot-pound.

In relativistic mechanics,  is a good approximation of kinetic energy only when v is much less than the speed of light.
Dryocoetes
Dryocoetes is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Curculionidae, in the subfamily Scolytinae (bark beetles).

The species in this genus are found in North America, Asia, Europe, and Africa. They feed on Abies, Betula, Fagus, Liquidambar, Picea, Pinus, Pseudotsuga, Tsuga deciduous and conifer trees.

Dryocoetes abietinus Kono & Tamanuki, 1939

Dryocoetes abietis Hopkins, 1915b

Dryocoetes affaber LeConte, 1876

Dryocoetes alni (Georg, 1856)

Dryocoetes autographus (Ratzeburg, 1837)

Dryocoetes baicalicus Reitter, 1899

Dryocoetes betulae Hopkins, 1915

Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, 1912 (Western balsam bark beetle)

Dryocoetes granicollis

Dryocoetes hectographus  Reitter, 1913

Dryocoetes himalayensis Strohmeyer, 1908

Dryocoetes indicus Stebbing, 1914

Dryocoetes luteus Blandford, 1894

Dryocoetes pini

Dryocoetes quadrisulcatus Strohmeyer, 1908

Dryocoetes striatus Eggers, 1933

Dryocoetes uniseriatus Eggers, 1926

Dryocoetes villosus (Fabricius, 1792)

Pseudotsuga
Pseudotsuga (/ˌsjuːdoʊˈtsuːɡə/) is a genus of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae (subfamily Laricoideae). Common names for species in the genus include Douglas fir, Douglas-fir, Douglas tree, Oregon pine and Bigcone spruce. Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir proper) is widespread in western North America and is an important source of timber. The number of species has long been debated, but two in western North America and two to four in eastern Asia are commonly acknowledged.

Nineteenth-century botanists had problems in classifying Douglas firs, due to the species' similarity to various other conifers better known at the time; they have at times been classified in Pinus, Picea, Abies, Tsuga, and even Sequoia. Because of their distinctive cones, Douglas firs were finally placed in the new genus Pseudotsuga (meaning "false hemlock") by the French botanist Carrière in 1867.  The genus name has also been hyphenated as Pseudo-tsuga.
2023 in association football
The following are the scheduled events of association football for the calendar year 2023 throughout the world. This includes the following:

In countries whose league seasons fall within a single calendar year, the 2023 season.

In countries which crown one champion in a season that spans two calendar years, the 2022–23 season.

In countries which split their league season into two championships, a system often known in Latin America as Apertura and Clausura, all championships awarded in calendar 2023.

Tunisia women's national under-20 football team
The Tunisia women's national under-20 football team has represented Tunisia in women's international association football for players aged 20 or under. The team is administered by the Tunisian Football Federation (TFF), which governs football in Tunisia. On a continental level, the team competes under the Confederation of African Football (CAF), which governs associate football in Africa, and is also affiliated with FIFA for global competitions. Additionally, the team is a member of the Union of North African Football (UNAF) and the Union of Arab Football Associations (UAFA). The team is colloquially known as Eagles of Carthage by fans and the media, with the bald eagle serving as its symbol. Their home kit is primarily white and their away kit is red, which is a reference to the national flag of the country.

The team participated three times in the UNAF U-20 Women's Tournament in 2019, 2023 and 2025, achieving third place in the last participation.
Mars hoax email
A hoax circulated by email in 2003 claimed that Mars would look as large as the full Moon to the naked eye on August 27 of that year. The hoax has since resurfaced each time before Mars is at its closest to Earth, about every 26 months.

It began from a misinterpretation and exaggeration of a sentence in an email message that reported the close approach between Mars and the Earth in August 2003. At that time, the distance between the two planets was about 55,758,000 kilometres (34,646,000 mi), which was the closest distance between them since September 24, 57,617 BC, when the distance has been calculated to have been about 55,718,000 kilometres (34,622,000 mi).

Naked eye
Naked eye, also called bare eye or unaided eye, is the practice of engaging in visual perception unaided by a magnifying, light-collecting optical instrument, such as a telescope or microscope, or eye protection.

In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids, including 4 Vesta. Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.
29th Indian Infantry Brigade
The 29th Indian Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade formation of the Indian Army during World War II. It was formed on 11 October 1940, by the renumbering of the British 21st Infantry Brigade. It was assigned to the 5th Indian Infantry Division. They took part in the East African campaign and the Western Desert campaign and was destroyed on 28 June 1942 during the fighting at Fuka during the First Battle of El Alamein.

Fouka, Egypt
Fouka or Fukah (Arabic: فوكة) is a locale in the Matrouh Governorate in northern Egypt. Fouka and other communities neighboring Fouka Bay are seen as promising sites for development by the Egyptian real estate and tourism industries.

31°04′N 27°55′E﻿ / ﻿31.067°N 27.917°E﻿ / 31.067; 27.917
Bedlinog RFC
Bedlinog Rugby Football Club is a rugby union team from the village of Bedlinog, South Wales. The club was formed in its present state in 1971 by a local youth club, which was at the time organised by Welsh international Steve Fenwick. Currently the club consists of three teams; 1st's, development, and youth. The club play in the Welsh Rugby Union Division one east and is a feeder club for the Cardiff Rugby .

Welsh Rugby Union
The Welsh Rugby Union (WRU; Welsh: Undeb Rygbi Cymru) is the governing body of rugby union in the country of Wales, recognised by the sport's international governing body, World Rugby.

The WRU is responsible for the running of rugby in Wales, overseeing 320 member clubs, the Welsh national team and National Leagues and Cups. The WRU is headed by the President (Terry Cobner), chairman (Richard Collier-Keywood) and CEO (Abi Tierney).
Tiraz
Tiraz (Arabic: طراز, romanized: ṭirāz; Persian: تراز, romanized: tarāz or terāz) The Persian word for a type of embroidery and clothing textiles,  are medieval Islamic embroideries, usually in the form of armbands sewn onto robes of honour (khilat). They were bestowed upon high-ranking officials who showed loyalty to the Caliphate, and given as gifts to distinguished individuals. They were usually inscribed with the ruler's names, and were embroidered with threads of precious metal and decorated with complex patterns. Tiraz were a symbol of power; their production and export were strictly regulated, and were overseen by a government-appointed official.

They were likely influenced by the tablion, a decorated patch added to the body of the mantle as a badge of rank or position in late Roman and Byzantine dress.

Khalat
A khalat  (Persian: خلعت, from Arabic: خِلْعَة, romanized: khilat) is a loose, long-sleeved outer silk or cotton robe common in Central Asia and South Asia and worn both by men and women, although in differing styles.
Lemmes Aerodrome
Lemmes Aerodrome,  was a temporary World War I airfield in France, used predominantly by the French Air Service, and briefly by the Air Service, United States Army.  It was located 0.6 miles (0.97 km) West-Northwest of the commune of Lemmes, and approximately 9 miles (14 km) south-west of Verdun, in the Meuse department in Lorraine in north-eastern France.

Meuse (department)
Meuse (French pronunciation: [møz] ⓘ) is a department in northeast France, named after the River Meuse. Meuse is part of the current region of Grand Est and is landlocked and borders by the French departments of Ardennes, Marne, Haute-Marne, Vosges, Meurthe-et-Moselle, and Belgium to the north. Parts of Meuse belong to Parc naturel régional de Lorraine. It had a population of 184,083 in 2019. Front lines in trench warfare during World War I ran varying courses through the department and it hosted an important battle/offensive in 1916 in and around Verdun.
AviaBellanca Aircraft
AviaBellanca Aircraft Corporation was an American aircraft design and manufacturing company. Prior to 1983, it was known as the Bellanca Aircraft Company. The company was founded in 1927 by Giuseppe Mario Bellanca, although it was preceded by previous businesses and partnerships in which aircraft with the Bellanca name were produced, including Wright-Bellanca, in which he was in partnership with Wright Aeronautical.

In 2021 the company was reformed as Bellanca Aircraft, Inc and located in San Luis Obispo, CA with a satellite maintenance facility in Oklahoma. The new company supplies maintenance and aircraft parts, for the legacy Cruisemaster and Viking aircraft.

Aircraft part
An aircraft part is an article or component approved for installation on a type-certificated aircraft.  Approval for these parts is derived from the jurisdictions of the countries that an aircraft is based.  In the United States, the Federal Aviation Administration oversees the approval for these parts under Federal Aviation Regulation Part 21.
Brønshøjparken
Brønshøjparken is a public park in the Brønshøj district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is situated on the north side of Frederikssundsvej, just east of the original village and west of the intersection with Borups Allé.

Borups Allé
Borups Allé is a major artery in the northwestern part of inner Copenhagen, Denmark. The 3.2 km long street runs from Jagtvej at Nuuks Plads in the southeast to Bellahøj in the northwest. Just before Hulgårdsvej, part of Ring 2, Borups Allé is joined by Bispeengbuen, an elevated road section that connects it to Åboulevard-Ågade and H. C. Andersens Boulevard in the city centre. The rest of Borups Allé is the first leg of the National Road 16, part of the Danish national road network. It continues as a six-lane road to Frederikssundsvej where it becomes Hareskovvej and later the Hillerød Motorway at Utterslev Mose.