hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ARA Bahía San Blas
ARA Bahía San Blas is an amphibious cargo ship of the Argentine Navy, capable of unloading landing craft, troops, vehicles and cargo. She is the first Argentine Navy ship to bear the name of San Blas Bay of in the south of Buenos Aires Province.

Landing craft
Landing craft are small and medium seagoing watercraft, such as boats and barges, used to convey a landing force (infantry and vehicles) from the sea to the shore during an amphibious assault. The term excludes landing ships, which are larger. Production of landing craft peaked during World War II, with a significant number of different designs produced in large quantities by the United Kingdom and United States.

Because of the need to run up onto a suitable beach, World War II landing craft were flat-bottomed, and many designs had a flat front, often with a lowerable ramp, rather than a normal bow. This made them difficult to control and very uncomfortable in rough seas. The control point (too rudimentary to call a bridge on LCA and similar craft) was normally at the extreme rear of the vessel, as were the engines. In all cases, they were known by an abbreviation derived from the official name rather than by the full title.
Mill Creek (Ohio)
The Mill Creek is a stream in southwest Ohio. It flows 28.4 miles (45.7 km) southwest and south from its headwaters in Liberty Township of Butler County through central Hamilton County and the heart of Cincinnati into the Ohio River just west of downtown. The section of Interstate 75 through Cincinnati is known as the Mill Creek Expressway.

The Mill Creek Valley is a remnant of the Deep Stage Ohio River from the days of the Last Glacial Maximum. The stream, with its water power and valley, were important to the development of Cincinnati. Then, for a time, the steep hillsides that surround the creek limited expansion and gave impetus to the free growth of surrounding communities that were over that barrier. Finally, inclined planes solved the problem, before highways and automobiles eliminated it.

Funicular
A funicular (/fjuːˈnɪkjʊlər, f(j)ʊ-, f(j)ə-/ few-NIK-yoo-lər, f(y)uu-, f(j)ə-), or funicular railway, is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the track. The result of such a configuration is that the two carriages move synchronously: as one ascends, the other descends at an equal speed. This feature distinguishes funiculars from inclined elevators, which have a single car that is hauled uphill.

The term funicular derives from the Latin word funiculus, the diminutive of funis, meaning 'rope'.
Iridomyrmex splendens
Iridomyrmex splendens is a species of ant in the genus Iridomyrmex. Described by Auguste-Henri Forel in 1907, the ant is mainly distributed in the southern regions of Australia, commonly found in dry sclerophyll woodland, and nests are found under logs.

Auguste Forel
Auguste-Henri Forel (French pronunciation: [oɡyst ɑ̃ʁi fɔʁɛl]; 1 September 1848 – 27 July 1931) was a Swiss myrmecologist, neuroanatomist, psychiatrist and former eugenicist, notable for his investigations into the structure of the human brain and that of ants. He is considered a co-founder of the neuron theory. Forel is also known for his early contributions to sexology and psychology. From 1978 until 2000 Forel's image appeared on the 1000 Swiss franc banknote.
Averch–Johnson effect
The Averch–Johnson effect is the tendency of regulated companies to engage in excessive amounts of capital accumulation in order to expand the volume of their profits. If companies' profits to capital ratio is regulated at a certain percentage then there is a strong incentive for companies to over-invest in order to increase profits overall. This investment goes beyond any optimal efficiency point for capital that the company may have calculated as higher profit is almost always desired over and above efficiency.

Excessive capital accumulation under rate-of-return regulation is informally known as gold plating.

But the so-called Averch-Johnson effect of overcapitalization does not as a general case involve "gold-plating".

Capital accumulation
Capital accumulation is the dynamic that motivates the pursuit of profit, involving the investment of money or any financial asset with the goal of increasing the initial monetary value of said asset as a financial return whether in the form of profit, rent, interest, royalties or capital gains. The goal of accumulation of capital is to create new fixed capital and working capital, broaden and modernize the existing ones, grow the material basis of social-cultural activities, as well as constituting the necessary resource for reserve and insurance. The process of capital accumulation forms the basis of capitalism, and is one of the defining characteristics of a capitalist economic system.
Sebastian Meijer
Sebastian Meijer (born September 1, 1984) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player. Meijer represented the Swedish junior national team at the 2004 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. His brother is singer Lukas Meijer.

Sweden men's national junior ice hockey team
The Swedish men's national under 20 ice hockey team, or Juniorkronorna (Junior Crowns in Swedish) as it is commonly called in Sweden, is the national under-20 ice hockey team in Sweden. The team represents Sweden at the International Ice Hockey Federation's World Junior Hockey Championship, held annually every December and January, and is affectionately known as The Junior Crowns, referencing the men's national team Three Crowns.

Sweden's roster for the 1981 World Junior Championships when they won gold included players such as Jan Erixon, Patrik and Peter Sundström, Håkan Nordin and Lars Eriksson.
Christina Range
The Christina Range is a mountain range in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located roughly north of Grand Forks, between Lower Arrow Lake and the Granby River. It has an area of 2442 km2 and is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains, which in turn form part of the Columbia Mountains.

Columbia Mountains
The Columbia Mountains are a group of mountain ranges along the Upper Columbia River in British Columbia, Montana, Idaho and Washington. The mountain range covers 135,952 km² (52,491 sq mi). The range is bounded by the Rocky Mountain Trench on the east, and the Kootenai River on the south; their western boundary is the edge of the Interior Plateau. Seventy-five percent of the range is located in Canada and the remaining twenty-five percent in the United States; American geographic classifications place the Columbia Mountains as part of the Rocky Mountains complex, but this designation does not apply in Canada (despite a British Columbia government tourism campaign to rebrand their southern portion as the "Kootenay Rockies"). Mount Sir Sandford is the highest mountain in the range, reaching 3,519 metres (11,545 ft).
TV Cultura
TV Cultura, or simply Cultura, is a free Brazilian non-commercial public television network headquartered in São Paulo and a part of Father Anchieta Foundation, a non-profit foundation funded by the São Paulo State Government. It focuses on educational and cultural subjects but also has sports as entertainment options.

According to research by the BBC and the British institute Populus, published in 2015, TV Cultura is the second highest quality channel in the world, behind only BBC One.

Populus Ltd
Populus is a market research company in the United Kingdom formed in 2003.

Populus co-founded the British Polling Council in 2004 and regularly publishes opinion polls on voting intention and as well as other political and commercial issues. It is also a member of the Market Research Society.

Populus conduct telephone research using random digit dialing.

In 2020 Populus became part of Yonder Consulting.
Alone (EP)
Alone is the debut extended play by South Korean girl group Sistar. It was released on April 12, 2012, by Starship Entertainment and distributed by Loen Entertainment. A song of the same name was released as a title track with an accompanying music video. The EP peaked at number 3 on the Gaon Album Chart and sold over 17,802 physical copies as of 2012.

Starship Entertainment
Starship Entertainment (Korean: 스타쉽 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean entertainment company founded in 2008 and became an independent subsidiary of Kakao Entertainment in 2013. It is called one of the "five major agencies" in the Korean music industry.

It has been recognized for its contributions to the Hallyu Wave, being home to several prominent K-pop groups and soloists. These include groups such as Monsta X, WJSN, Cravity, Ive, KiiiKiii, and Idid and soloists such as K.Will and Brother Su, as well as formerly home to Sistar, Boyfriend, Junggigo, Mad Clown, Jooyoung, Soyou, Yoo Seung-woo, Jeong Se-woon, and DJ Soda. It also manages actors under King Kong by Starship.
Dadeumi
Dadeumi (Korean: 다듬이) or dadeumijil (다듬이질) is a Korean traditional ironing method where two women knelt on the floor, facing each other across a smoothing stone, beating out a rhythm on the cloth to press out its wrinkles and soften it. Dadeumi requires dadeumitbangmangi (다듬잇방망이), a bat that pounds on the cloth, and dadeumitdol (다듬잇돌), the stone under the cloth.

Also, the cloth is wrapped in a thick round bat, hongdukkae (홍두깨), and dadeumi is performed. It is used to trim a thin cloth, such as ramie fabric (모시; mosi) or silk.

Similar practices also existed elsewhere in Asia, including in Japan, where it is known as kinuta.

Ramie
Ramie (from Malay rami) is a fibre crop native to eastern Asia, derived from the plant Boehmeria nivea.

A second type, known as green ramie or rhea, is believed to have originated in the Malay Peninsula. It has smaller leaves which are green on the underside, and it appears to be better suited to tropical conditions. The word "ramie" is derived from the Malay word rami.
Lars van der Haar
Lars van der Haar (born 23 July 1991 in Amersfoort, Netherlands) is a Dutch professional cyclo-cross and road cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Baloise Verzekeringen–Het Poetsbureau Lions.

Cyclo-cross Gavere
The Cyclo-cross Gavere also known as Cyclocross Asper-Gavere is a cyclo-cross race held in Gavere, Belgium. 
It is held on the banks of the river Scheldt in the vicinity of the Grenier castle. 
A cyclo-cross race on or near the current location had been organized since 1955 as a standalone race, but in 1983 the race was included in the first edition of the Superprestige series which it continued to be part of until 2022.
Since 2023 the race has been part of the UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup.

The cross includes some steep climbs and descents (with elevations up to 80 meters) on a muddy forest ground.
1887 County Carlow by-election
The 1887 County Carlow by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the United Kingdom House of Commons constituency of County Carlow on 24 August 1887. It arose as a result of the death of the sitting member, John Aloysius Blake on 22 May. Eighty-seven-year-old James Patrick Mahon, who had formerly sat in Parliament for the constituencies of Clare and Ennis, was nominated as an Irish Nationalist. No other candidate being nominated, Mahon was elected unopposed. He held the seat until his death four years later.

John Aloysius Blake
John Aloysius Blake (1826 – 22 May 1887) was an Irish nationalist politician and Member of Parliament. He sat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for Waterford County, Waterford City and County Carlow.

Blake was elected for Waterford City in 1857 and remained as member for that constituency until 1869; from 1880 to 1884 he was member for County Waterford; and in 1886 he was elected unopposed for County Carlow, in a by-election and held the seat, again unopposed, in the general election later that year.

Described as "one of the most moderate members of the Irish Nationalist party", Blake was chairman of the Fishery Harbours Commission for Ireland. He took an interest in issues of mental health, and wrote pamphlets urging improvements in the treatment of the mentally ill.
Narkanda
Narkanda is a town and a hill station. It is a nagar panchayat in Kumarsain subdivision of Shimla district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It is at an elevation of 2708 meters on the Indo-Tibet Road (NH 5) in Himachal Pradesh, India within a fir (abies pindrow) forest. It is about 60 km away from Shimla and surrounded by the Himalayan Range.

It is a skiing resort in winter. It connects Shimla with Kumarsain and Rampur and a detour also goes to Kotgarh-Thanedhar, the prime apple belt of Himachal Pradesh where Satyananda Stokes started the apple culture.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Stephanie Ben-Ishai
Stephanie F. Ben-Ishai is a Canadian lawyer. She is a Distinguished Research Professor and full professor at Osgoode Hall Law School Osgoode Hall Law School. She was a Fulbright fellow and has authored or co-authored numerous books on insolvency, contract law, and corporate and commercial law.

Osgoode Hall Law School
Osgoode Hall Law School, commonly shortened to Osgoode, is the law school of York University in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is home to the Law Commission of Ontario, the Journal of Law and Social Policy, and the Osgoode Hall Law Journal. A variety of J.D. LL.M. and Ph.D. degrees in law are available. Osgoode is widely considered to be one of the top law schools in Canada, ranking second in the country according to the most recent rankings by Maclean.

The law school's alumni include two Canadian prime ministers, four Attorneys General, eight premiers of Ontario, four Mayors of Toronto, eleven Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada, four of whom were Chief Justices, and one Academy Award nominee. The current dean of the law school is Trevor C.W. Farrow.
Tourism in Bolivia
Tourism in Bolivia is one of the key economic sectors of the country. According to data from the National Institute of Statistics of Bolivia (INE), there were over 1.24 million tourists that visited the country in 2020, making Bolivia the ninth most visited country in South America.

People have visited Bolivia for centuries in the form of movement of people during the pre-Inca and Inca period, in which wealthy groups within moved outside their habitual residence across the vast expanse of the Inca empire. that stretched 2,500 from Ecuador in the north to Chile in the south.

Noel Kempff Mercado National Park
Noel Kempff Mercado National Park (Spanish: Parque nacional Noel Kempff Mercado) is a national park in northeast Santa Cruz Department, Province of José Miguel de Velasco, Bolivia, on the border with Brazil.
Ngajat
The Ngajat is a traditional dance performed by the Iban community of Sarawak in Malaysia, as well as Dayak Iban and Bidayuh communities in both neighbouring Brunei and West Kalimantan of Indonesia, where it consists of several further Ngajat dance classifications.

The dance is characterised by its graceful movements, often mimicking the actions of tribal warriors returning from battle or celebrating the harvest during Gawai. Male dancers often wear elaborate headdresses with feathers, shields such as terabai, and variety of swords such as ilang, jimpul, langgai tinggang, or niabor, while female dancers don intricate Pua Kumbu costumes and ngepan headdresses.

Both the Malaysian federal and Sarawak state governments have declared the dance, its music, and traditional clothing as a national heritage which includes the ritual processes and tools that are classified as the Iban tangible and intangible cultural heritage.

Warrior
A warrior is a guardian specializing in combat or warfare, especially within the context of a tribal or clan-based warrior culture society that recognizes a separate warrior aristocracy, class, or caste.
Mentiras, el musical
Mentiras, el musical is a 2009 Mexican jukebox musical based on popular Spanish-language songs from the 1980s. It was written and directed by José Manuel López Velarde and produced by OCESA, with Federico González Compeán and Morris Gilbert serving as executive producers. The musical celebrated its 600th performance in November 2010. A cast recording was released on CD and through iTunes by OCESA Seitrack, followed by a karaoke version of the soundtrack.

On March 11, 2024, Amazon Prime Video announced a television adaptation of the musical, starring Belinda, Luis Gerardo Mendez, Diana Bovio, Mariana Treviño and Regina Blandón. The series premiered on June 13, 2025 as Mentiras, la serie.

Luis Gerardo Méndez
Luis Gerardo Hernández Méndez (born 12 March 1982) is a Mexican actor and producer born in Aguascalientes City. Having previously mostly appeared in smaller films and on television, Méndez shot to fame with his starring role in the 2013 comedy film The Noble Family, which for a few months was Mexico's highest-ever grossing film. The following year, he played a role in the movie Cantinflas, and as of 2015, he co-produced (with friend Gary Alazraki). He co-starred (with Mariana Treviño) in Club de Cuervos, which is Netflix's first-ever original production in Spanish. More recently, his production company Cine Vaquero had a first look deal with ViacomCBS International Studios. He appeared as Baltasar Frías in the Peacock black comedy mystery series The Resort (2022).
WS-Federation Passive Requestor Profile
WS-Federation Passive Requestor Profile is a Web Services specification – intended to work with the WS-Federation specification – which defines how identity, authentication and authorization mechanisms work across trust realms.  The specification deals specifically with how applications, such as web browsers, make requests using these mechanisms.  In this context, the web-browser is known as a "passive requestor."  By way of contrast, WS-Federation Active Requestor Profile deals with "active requestors" such as SOAP-enabled applications.  WS-Federation Passive Requestor Profile was created by IBM, BEA Systems, Microsoft, VeriSign, and RSA Security.

SOAP
SOAP (originally an acronym for Simple Object Access Protocol) is a messaging protocol specification for exchanging structured information in the implementation of web services in computer networks. It uses XML Information Set for its message format, and relies on application layer protocols, most often Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), although some legacy systems communicate over Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), for message negotiation and transmission.
Dardhë
Dardhë (Albanian: [ˈdaɾðə]; Albanian definite form: Dardha, literally "pear") is a community in the former municipality of Drenovë in Korçë County, Albania. After local government reform in 2015, it became part of the municipality Korçë. It is a well known ski area of Albania since the 1920s. In 2012, the first ever ski tow in Albania was opened at Bigell Ski Resort near Dardhë.

Korçë County
Korçë County (Albanian: Qarku Korçë), officially the County of Korçë (Albanian: Qarku i Korçës), is a county in the Southern Region of the Republic of Albania. It is the largest by area and the fifth most populous of the twelve counties, with more than 173,000 people within an area of 3,711 km2 (1,433 sq mi). The county borders on North Macedonia to the northeast and Greece to the southeast, the counties of Elbasan to the northwest, Berat to the west and Gjirokastër to the southwest. It is divided into six municipalities, Korçë, Devoll, Kolonjë, Maliq, Pogradec and Pustec, with all of whom incorporate thirty-seven administrative units.
S. K. Singh (general)
Lieutenant General Shri Krishna Singh, PVSM, UYSM, AVSM is a retired Indian Army General. He served as the Vice Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army from 2011 to 2013. He was announced as a candidate of Jan Suraaj Party from Tarari Assembly constituency in the 2024 bypolls held in Bihar but he was later replaced.

Uttam Yudh Seva Medal
Uttam Yudh Seva Medal (UYSM; Great War Service Medal) is one of India's military decorations for Wartime Distinguished Service. It is awarded for a high degree of distinguished services in an operational context. "Operational context" includes times of war, conflict, or hostilities. The award is a wartime equivalent of Ati Vishisht Seva Medal, which is a Peacetime Distinguished Service decoration. Uttam Yudh Seva Medal may be awarded posthumously.
William Bradley Lamond
William Bradley Lamond RBA (1857–1924) was a Scottish painter, born at Newtyle, Angus. He had no formal art training and worked for the Caledonian Railway company for many years. He initially specialised in portraits and later worked on landscapes which have been described as "vigorous impressionistic scenes in oil – with a strong use of colour". He was elected a member of the Royal Society of British Artists in 1906, and exhibited at the Royal Academy, Royal Scottish Academy and Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts.

Caledonian Railway
The Caledonian Railway (CR) was one of the two biggest of the five major Scottish railway companies prior to the 1923 Grouping. It was formed in 1845 with the objective of forming a link between English railways and Glasgow. It progressively extended its network and reached Edinburgh and Aberdeen, with a dense network of branch lines in the area surrounding Glasgow. It was absorbed into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. Many of its principal routes are still used, and the original main line between Carlisle and Glasgow is in use as part of the West Coast Main Line railway (with a modified entry into Glasgow itself).
Henry Darnall III
Henry Darnall III (c. 1702 – c. 1783) was a wealthy planter in Colonial Maryland. He was the son of the politician and planter Henry Darnall II, and the grandson of Henry Darnall who was the Proprietary Agent of Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), and served for a time as Deputy Governor of the Province. Henry Darnall III converted to Anglicanism and entered politics at a time when the Calvert family had regained their proprietary colony, having lost it during the Protestant Revolution of 1689. Darnall received much criticism for his faith and was accused of being a secret Catholic. Worse, in 1761 he was accused of embezzling almost £1,000 thanks to his position as Naval Officer of the colony, and was forced to flee Maryland for Europe in order to avoid being placed on trial.

Protestant Revolution (Maryland)
The Protestant Revolution, also known Coode's Rebellion after one of its leaders, John Coode, took place in the summer of 1689 in the English Province of Maryland when Protestants, by then a substantial majority in the colony, revolted against the proprietary government led by the Catholic Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore.

The rebellion followed the "Glorious Revolution" in England of 1688, which saw the Protestant monarchs William III and Mary II replace the English Catholic monarch King James II. The Lords Baltimore lost control of their proprietary colony, and for the next 25 years, Maryland would be ruled directly by the Crown.

The Protestant Revolution also saw the effective end of Maryland's early experiments with religious toleration, as Catholicism was outlawed and Catholics forbidden from holding public office. Religious toleration would not be restored in Maryland until after the American Revolution.