hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Upsilon2 Hydrae
Upsilon2 Hydrae, Latinised from υ2 Hydrae, is a solitary star in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. Visible to the naked eye, it is photometrically stable with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.59. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 10.40 mas as seen from Earth, it is located about 314 light-years from the Sun.

This is a B-type star with a stellar classification of B9 III-IV, showing partial traits of a subgiant and giant star in its spectrum. However, Zorec and Royer (2012) estimate the star still only 79% of the way through its life span on the main sequence. With an age of around 97 million years, it is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 58 km/s. The star has an estimated 3.29 times the mass of the Sun and around 3.2 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 182 times the solar luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of about 11,758 K.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
Lectionary 199
Lectionary 199, designated by siglum ℓ 199 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. 
Scrivener labelled it by 207evl.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
Bats at the Beach
Bats at the Beach is a 2006 picture book by Brian Lies. In the book, bats flock to the beach to spend a splendid moon-lit night on the sand and in the water, echoing what people do at the beach—but in a particularly batty way.

The message of the book is that bats are not bad. A portion of all copies sold went to Bat Conservation International.

Bat Conservation International
Bat Conservation International (BCI) is an international nongovernmental organization working to conserve bats and their habitats through conservation, education, and research efforts.

BCI was founded in 1982 by bat biologist Merlin Tuttle, who led the organization until his retirement in 2009. Since its establishment, BCI has formed partnerships with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and many national and international agencies and nonprofits, and has produced publications, workshops, scholarships, and research, and site-specific projects in the US and internationally. BCI employs a staff of 30 biologists, educators, and administrators and has members in 60 countries.
Phoenix Mill Farm
Phoenix Mill Farm, historically known as Mill Run Farm, is a historic home located in Dickens, Allegany County, Maryland, United States. It is a 2+1⁄2-story Flemish bond brick structure showing Greek Revival style influences built about 1845. It has a gable roof and double flush chimneys. On the property is the site of Smouse Mill. The home was erected for John Jacob Smouse, who operated the mill.

The Phoenix Mill Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

Was used as a Bed and Breakfast till 2015 when the owner decided to sell the property.

Allegany County, Maryland
Allegany County is a county located in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,106. Its county seat is Cumberland. The name Allegany may come from a local Lenape word, welhik hane or oolikhanna, which means 'best flowing river of the hills' or 'beautiful stream'. A number of counties and a river in the Appalachian region of the U.S. are named Allegany, Allegheny, or Alleghany. Allegany County is part of the Western Maryland region of the state, and is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area.
Munich Digitization Center
Munich Digitization Center (German: Das Münchener Digitalisierungszentrum; MDZ) is an institution dedicated to digitization, Online publication and the long-term archival preservation of the holdings of the Bavarian State Library and other cultural heritage institutions. It was founded in 1997 under the leadership of Mark Brantl. It operates as a unit of the Bavarian State Library.

Electronic publishing
Electronic publishing (also referred to as e-publishing, digital publishing, or online publishing) includes the digital publication of e-books, digital magazines, and the development of digital libraries and catalogues. It also includes the editing of books, journals, and magazines to be read on a screen (computer, e-reader, tablet, or smartphone).
Alberto Nardin
Alberto Nardin (born 30 April 1990) is an Italian former racing cyclist, who competed professionally for UCI Professional Continental team Androni Giocattoli–Sidermec in 2015 and 2016. He began his professional cycling career in 2015 and made his debut at the Vuelta al Táchira.

GW Erco Shimano
GW Erco Shimano (UCI team code: GES) is a Colombian-registered UCI Continental cycling team that participates in road bicycle racing events on the UCI Continental Circuits. Prior to 2023, the team was based in Italy and held UCI ProTeam status. Gianni Savio manages the team, with assistance from directeurs sportifs Giovanni Ellena, Antonio Castano, Didier Paindaveine and Marco Bellini.

In 2022, with the arrival of a new sponsor — Drone Hopper (an aeronautical engineering company based in Spain) — the team has received a new name Drone Hopper–Androni Giocattoli.
Ellipsoolithus
Ellipsoolithus is an oogenus of dinosaur egg. It contains only a single oospecies, E. khedaensis. The species was found in the Upper Sandy Carbonate Member of the Lameta Formation of India. These eggs were probably laid by a theropod dinosaur.

Lameta Formation
The Lameta Formation, also known as the Infratrappean Beds (not to be confused with the contemporaneous Intertrappean Beds), is a sedimentary geological formation found in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh, India, associated with the Deccan Traps. It is of the Maastrichtian age (Late Cretaceous), and is notable for its dinosaur fossils.
Dejon
Dejon or DeJon is a masculine given name, a variant of ancient Greek Deion, meaning 'God is gracious'. It is often found among African Americans. Notable people with the given name include:

Dejon Allen (born 1994), American football player

Dejon Brissett (born 1996), Canadian football player

DeJon Gomes (born 1989), American football player

DeJon Jarreau (born 1998), American basketball player

Dejon Noel-Williams (born 1998), English footballer

Dejon Slavov, Bulgarian sprint canoeist

DeJon Jarreau
DeJon Jarmond Jarreau (born January 23, 1998) is an American professional basketball player for the Memphis Hustle of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the UMass Minutemen and the Houston Cougars.
Paykar Khan Igirmi Durt
Paykar Khān Igīrmī Dūrt (Persian: پیکر خان ایگیرمی‌دورت; Azerbaijani: Peykər xan İyirmidörd) was a Qizilbash chieftain in the service of Safavid Persia in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. His career flourished in the southeastern Caucasus, where he ran the governments of Barda and Kakheti on behalf of Shah Abbas I until being overthrown in a Georgian uprising in 1625.

Kingdom of Kakheti
The Kingdom of Kakheti (Georgian: კახეთის სამეფო, romanized: k'akhetis samepo; also spelled Kaxet'i or Kakhetia) was a late medieval and early modern monarchy in eastern Georgia, centered at the province of Kakheti, with its capital first at Gremi and then at Telavi. It emerged in the process of a tripartite division of the Kingdom of Georgia in 1466 and existed, with several brief intermissions, until 1762 when Kakheti and the neighboring Georgian kingdom of Kartli were merged through a dynastic succession under the Kakhetian branch of the Bagrationi dynasty. Through much of this period, the kingdom was a vassal of the successive dynasties of Iran, and to a much shorter period Ottoman Empire, but enjoyed intermittent periods of greater independence, especially after 1747.
Scott Gale (rugby union)
Scott Gale (born 24 October 1994) is an Australian rugby union player who plays for NOLA Gold in Major League Rugby (MLR) in the United States.

He previously played for the Queensland Reds in the Super Rugby competition  and for Japanese club Kamaishi Seawaves  as well as several teams in Australia's National Rugby Championship. His usual position is scrumhalf.

New Orleans Gold
The New Orleans Gold (stylized as NOLA Gold) were an American professional rugby union team based in the New Orleans metropolitan area that competed in Major League Rugby (MLR). The team was founded in 2017. Since January 2020, French rugby power ASM Clermont Auvergne has owned a minority stake in the team. The team withdrew from competition at the end of the 2025 Major League Rugby season.
The Dinah Shore Show (radio program)
The Dinah Shore Show was a title applied—in some cases specifically and in other cases generically—to several radio musical programs in the United States, some of which had other distinct titles as indicated below. Singer Dinah Shore starred (or in some cases co-starred) in the programs, some of which were broadcast on the Blue Network, while others were on CBS or NBC.

Blue Network
The Blue Network (previously known as the NBC Blue Network) was the on-air name of a former American radio network, which broadcast from 1927 through 1945.

Beginning as one of the two radio networks owned by the National Broadcasting Company (NBC), the independent Blue Network was born of a divestiture in 1942, arising from antitrust litigation. In 1945, the Blue Network formally became the American Broadcasting Company (ABC).
Kısır
Kısır is a bulgur based salad found in Turkish cuisine. The main ingredients are finely ground bulgur, parsley, and tomato paste. Common additional ingredients include onion, garlic (in some regions), sour pomegranate molasses, olive oil and lemon juice, cucumber, cornichons and spices. It can be served with lettuce leaves. It has a reddish color due to tomato paste admixture. It is served at room temperature as either a side-dish or meze appetizer.

Tomato paste
Tomato paste is a thick paste made from tomatoes, which are cooked for several hours to reduce water content. The seeds and skins are then strained out and the liquid is cooked again to reduce the base to a thick, rich concentrate. Tomato paste is used to impart an intense tomato flavour to a variety of dishes, such as pasta, soups and braised meat. It is used as an ingredient in many world cuisines.

By contrast, tomato purée is a liquid with a thinner consistency than tomato paste, while tomato sauce is even thinner in consistency.
Line-crossing ceremony
The line-crossing ceremony, also known as Crossing the Line, is an initiation rite in some English-speaking countries that commemorates a person's first crossing of the equator. The tradition may have originated with ceremonies when passing headlands, and became a "folly" sanctioned as a boost to morale, or have been created as a test for seasoned sailors to ensure their new shipmates were capable of handling long, rough voyages. Equator-crossing ceremonies, typically featuring King Neptune, are common in the navy and are also sometimes carried out for passengers' entertainment on civilian ocean liners and cruise ships. They are also performed in the merchant navy and aboard sail training ships. Throughout history, line-crossing ceremonies have sometimes become dangerous hazing rituals. Most modern navies have instituted regulations that prohibit physical attacks on sailors undergoing the line-crossing ceremony.

180th meridian
The 180th meridian or antimeridian is the meridian 180° both east and west of the prime meridian in a geographical coordinate system.  The longitude at this line can be given as either east or west.
On Earth, the prime and 180th meridians form a great ellipse that divides the planet into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.
Talovka, Republic of Dagestan
Talovka (Russian: Таловка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Talovsky Selsoviet, Tarumovsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  1,510 (2010 Census); 1,417 (2002 Census); 1,377 (1989 Soviet census). There are 7 streets.

Tarumovsky District
Tarumovsky District (Russian: Тару́мовский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic. The area of the district is 3,020 square kilometers (1,170 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Tarumovka. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,683, with the population of Tarumovka accounting for 17.0% of that number.
Buzz (TV series)
Buzz was a Canadian comedy television series  that aired on The Comedy Network from 2000 to 2005. The show was hosted by "Mista Mo" (Morgan Oliver Smith) and Daryn Jones.  The show originally aired from 1996-1999 as a community channel show on Rogers Television before getting a network deal in 1999.  In 2001, the show won a Gemini Award in the "Best Writing in a Comedy or Variety Program or Series" category. Season 4 saw them take the show to New York, London, Amsterdam and Frankfurt. The show ended in 2005.

Created in Toronto, the show found a place on the Comedy Network when The Tom Green Show left to MTV. The show uses sketch comedy, non-sequiturs and guerrilla comedy. The two hosts, Daryn Jones, a geeky theatre major, and Mista Mo, an "almost real rapper" often riff on the racial tensions between them.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
Regarding Sarah
Regarding Sarah is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Michelle Porter and released in 2006. The film stars Gina Stockdale as Sarah, an elderly woman in the early stages of dementia who begins obsessively filming her daily life so that she will not forget it.

The cast also includes Joy Coghill, Stephen E. Miller and Tom McBeath.

The film was inspired in part by Porter's father's own failing health in his final years of life. It was shot in 2005, and premiered at the Montreal World Film Festival in 2006.

The film received a Genie Award nomination for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 28th Genie Awards in 2008. It was subsequently broadcast by CBC Television on the Canadian Reflections series in 2008.

Genie Awards
The Genie Awards were given out annually by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to recognize the best of Canadian cinema from 1980–2012. They succeeded the Canadian Film Awards (1949–1978). In 2013, the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its sister presentation for television, the Gemini Awards, to form the Canadian Screen Awards.

Genie Award candidates were selected from submissions made by the owners of Canadian films or their representatives, based on the criteria laid out in the Genie Rules and Regulations booklet which were distributed to Academy members and industry members. Peer-group juries, assembled from volunteer members of the Academy, met to watch the submissions and select a group of nominees. Academy members then voted on these nominations.
Journalists of the Balkan Wars
This page lists the known war correspondents, war photographers, war artists, and war cinematographers who were active during the First and Second Balkan Wars.

The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913, and comprised actions of the Balkan League (Serbia, Greece, Montenegro and Bulgaria) against the Ottoman Empire. Montenegro declared war on 8 October and Bulgaria, Serbia and Greece followed suit on 17 October. The war concluded with the signing of the Treaty of London on 30 May 1913. The Second Balkan War broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 29 June 1913. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Bucharest by the three powers on 10 August 1913.

An estimated 200–300 journalists from around the world covered the war in the Balkans in November 1912.

War photography
War photography involves photographing armed conflict and its effects on people and places. Photographers who participate in this genre may find themselves placed in harm's way, and are sometimes killed trying to get their pictures out of the war arena.
Basilica Minore of Our Lady of Charity
The Minor Basilica and Diocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Charity, also known as Santa Monica Parish Church and Agoo Basilica, is a Roman Catholic minor basilica in Agoo, La Union, Philippines. The shrine is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary  under the venerated title of Our Lady of Charity.

The current Basilica is the seat of the Santa Monica Parish of the Diocese of San Fernando de La Union under the Vicariate of Saint Francis Xavier, now under the leadership of parish priest Alfonso V. Lacsamana and parish vicar Liberato A. Apusen.

Pope John Paul II raised the shrine to the status of Minor Basilica via the pontifical decree Signum illud Sanctuariumque on 15 July 1982. Pope Francis granted a decree of pontifical coronation towards its enshrined Marian image on 29 April 2024. The rite of coronation was executed on 6 December 2024.

Saint Monica
Monica (c. 332 – 387), also written as Monnica, was an early North African Christian saint and the mother of Augustine of Hippo. She is remembered and honored in the Catholic and Orthodox Churches, albeit on different feast days, for her outstanding Christian virtues, particularly the suffering caused by her husband's adultery, and her prayerful life dedicated to the reformation of her son, who wrote extensively of her pious acts and life with her in his Confessions. Popular Christian legends recall Monica weeping every night for her son Augustine.
Playstudios
Playstudios Inc is a developer of free-to-play mobile games headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. Founded in 2011, it develops and publishes games including myVEGAS Slots, Tetris mobile app, MGM Slots Live. Its loyalty program -PlayAwards offers real-world rewards to players from partners such as MGM Resorts International and Norwegian Cruise Line. Playstudios is publicly traded on the Nasdaq stock exchange with the ticker symbol MYPS and maintains international offices in Israel, Hong Kong, Serbia and Vietnam.

Norwegian Cruise Line
Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) is an American cruise line founded in Norway in 1966, headquartered in Miami-Dade County, Florida, and incorporated in the Bahamas. It is the fourth-largest cruise line in the world by passengers, controlling about 8.6% of the total worldwide share of the cruise market by passengers as of 2021. It is wholly owned by parent company Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings.
Benjamin Gummow
Benjamin Gummow (1766–1840) was an architect who worked from Ruabon near Wrexham in Wales. He worked almost exclusively for Sir Watkin Williams Wynn of Wynnstay, Ruabon and the Grosvenor family of Eaton Hall near Chester. He was born in St Endellion in Cornwall in 1766 and died at Ruabon in March 1844.

Duke of Westminster
Duke of Westminster is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created by Queen Victoria in 1874 and bestowed upon Hugh Grosvenor, 3rd Marquess of Westminster. It is the most recent dukedom conferred on someone not related to the British royal family.

The 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Dukes were each grandsons of the first. The present holder of the title is Hugh Grosvenor, the 7th Duke, who inherited the dukedom on 9 August 2016 on the death of his father, Gerald. The present duke is a godfather of Prince George of Wales.

The Duke of Westminster's seats are at Eaton Hall, Cheshire, and at Abbeystead House, Lancashire. The family's London town house was Grosvenor House, Park Lane, while Halkyn Castle was built as a sporting lodge for the family in the early 1800s. The traditional burial place of the Dukes is the Old Churchyard adjacent to St Mary's Church, Eccleston.
Higgins (surname)
Higgins is a surname found in England and in Ireland, with several origins.

In England, the name originates from:

the name Hugh

the name Hig (both the son of Hugh and a diminutive of Hugh)

Hicke, a diminutive of Richard

each then stemmed with the patronymic termination 'ings' meaning 'belonging to', or 'the son of'.

In Ireland, the name is the Anglicised form of the Gaelic name Ó hUiginn, 'descendant of Uiginn'. Although there is another variation which is also an Irish surname McHiggins. Uiginn being the Gaelic version of the Old Norse víkingr or Viking.

Jonathan Higgins
Jonathan Quayle Higgins III,  VC is a fictional character in the 1980–1988 crime drama television series, Magnum, P.I. portrayed by actor John Hillerman. Hillerman won an Emmy for the role in 1987.

The character of Higgins appeared in crossover episodes of two other television shows: Simon & Simon in 1982, and Murder, She Wrote in 1986.
Ribosomal protein L19 leader
L19 Ribosomal protein leaders are part of the ribosome biogenesis. They are used as an autoregulatory mechanism to control the concentration of ribosomal proteins L19, and are located in the 5′ untranslated regions of mRNAs encoding ribosomal protein L19 (rplS).
L19 ribosomal protein leaders have been bioinformatically predicted in B. subtilis and other low-GC Gram-positive bacteria in the phylum Bacillota. 
More examples that share a similar structure were predicted in Flavobacteria, also using bioinformatic approaches.

Bacillota
The Bacillota (synonym "Firmicutes") are a phylum of bacteria, most of which have Gram-positive cell wall structure. They have round cells, called cocci (singular coccus), or rod-like forms (bacillus). A few Bacillota, such as Megasphaera, Pectinatus, Selenomonas, and Zymophilus from the class Negativicutes, have a porous pseudo-outer membrane that causes them to stain Gram-negative. Many Bacillota produce endospores, which are resistant to desiccation and can survive extreme conditions. They are found in various environments, and the group includes some notable pathogens. Those in one family, the Heliobacteria, produce energy through anoxygenic photosynthesis. Bacillota play an important role in beer, wine, and cider spoilage.