hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elisha Capen Monk
Elisha Capen Monk (1828-1898) was an American businessman and politician from Massachusetts. A Republican, in 1856 he was elected to serve in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. From 1866 to 1867 he served in the Massachusetts Senate.

In 1870 Monk went to Colorado where he was one of the founders of the Union Colony of Colorado and Greeley, Colorado.

Massachusetts Senate
The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Senate comprises 40 elected members from 40 single-member senatorial districts in the state. All but one of the districts are named for the counties in which they are located (the "Cape and Islands" district covers Dukes, Nantucket, and parts of Barnstable counties). Senators serve two-year terms, without term limits. The Senate convenes in the Massachusetts State House in Boston, the state capital.
Mary Mitchell O'Connor
Mary Mitchell O'Connor (born 10 June 1959) is an Irish former Fine Gael politician who served as a Minister of State from 2017 to 2020 and Minister for Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation from 2016 to 2017. She served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dún Laoghaire constituency from 2011 to 2020.

Leinster House
Leinster House (Irish: Teach Laighean) is the seat of the Oireachtas, the parliament of Ireland. Originally, it was the ducal palace of the Dukes of Leinster.

Since 1922, it has been a complex of buildings which houses Oireachtas Éireann, its members and staff. The most recognisable part of the complex and the "public face" of Leinster House continues to be the former ducal palace at the core of the complex.
Nematology (journal)
Nematology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the study of nematodes.

In 1978, French zoologist Michel Luc established the Revue de Nématologie (soon renamed Fundamental and Applied Nematology) that fused with Nematologica in 1999 to become Nematology. The editors-in-chief are David Hunt (CABI Europe) and Roland Perry (Rothamsted Research).

CAB International
CABI (legally CAB International, formerly Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux) is a nonprofit intergovernmental development and information organisation focusing primarily on agricultural and environmental issues in the developing world, and the creation, curation, and dissemination of scientific knowledge.
Southern blind legless skink
The southern blind legless skink (Typhlosaurus caecus), also known commonly as Cuvier's legless skink, is a species of lizard in the subfamily Acontinae of the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to South Africa.

Skink
Skinks are lizards that constitute the family Scincidae, which is part of the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Skinks are characterized by their smaller legs in comparison to typical lizards and are found in different habitats except arctic and subarctic regions.
Todo Mundo (band)
Todo Mundo ("All the World") is a San Diego based six-piece music band fronted by Santiago Orozco, which plays world music blending 
pop, reggae, rock, gypsy, Caribbean and Latin music. The band was originally created by Orozco in Argentina in 2009 and recreated in 2010 in San Diego.

San Diego Music Awards
The San Diego Music Awards is an awards show held annually in San Diego, California, United States, to recognize the best artists and bands in local music. The awards show benefits the San Diego Music Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting San Diego music education programs.

The show has featured awards in a variety of categories covering nearly every genre of music, and featured live performances by such major-label recording artists as Blink-182, Switchfoot, Jason Mraz, P.O.D., Pierce the Veil, as well as lesser known up-and-coming artists, such as Schizophonics, The Beat Farmers, Gilbert Castellanos, Whitney Shay and others.

Through 2025, the annual awards have raised over $915,000 for its Guitars for Schools program, which has provided free instruments and lessons for more than 75,000 students across San Diego County over the past three decades.
2011 Rally Finland
The 2011 Rally Finland was the eighth round of the 2011 World Rally Championship season. The rally took place over 28–30 July, and was based in Jyväskylä, with a remote service in Lahti. The rally was also the fifth round of the Super 2000 World Rally Championship, the fourth round of the Production World Rally Championship and the third round of the WRC Academy.

Championship leader Sébastien Loeb won for the second time in Finland, taking his 66th career victory in the process, ahead of rivals Jari-Matti Latvala, Sébastien Ogier and Mikko Hirvonen. With an overall tenth place, Juho Hänninen took the honours in SWRC, Hayden Paddon took his third consecutive win in PWRC, and Egon Kaur continued his perfect record in WRC Academy.

Mikko Hirvonen
Mikko Hirvonen (born 31 July 1980) is a Finnish former rally driver, and a current Rally-Raid driver, who drove in the World Rally Championship. He placed third in the drivers' championship and helped Ford to the manufacturers' title in both 2006 and 2007. In 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2012 he finished runner-up to Sébastien Loeb. Hirvonen's co-driver was Jarmo Lehtinen from the 2003 season until his retirement in 2014, Lehtinen had replaced Miikka Anttila who co-drove with Hirvonen in the 2002 season.
Friedländer synthesis
The Friedländer synthesis is a chemical reaction of 2-aminobenzaldehydes with ketones to form quinoline derivatives. It is named after German chemist Paul Friedländer (1857–1923).

This reaction has been catalyzed by trifluoroacetic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, iodine, and Lewis acids.

Several reviews have been published.

Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH3)2CO. Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.
Mochlus pembanus
Mochlus pembanus, also known as the Pemba Island writhing skink, is a species of skink. It is found on Pemba Island off the coast of Tanzania and in coastal Kenya; the latter could be introductions.

Mochlus pembanus is fossorial and nocturnal. It occurs in coastal woodland and in a range of agricultural habitats. It is very common on Pemba and regularly encountered in Kenya. It can grow to 89 mm (3.5 in) in snout–vent length.

Pemba Island
Pemba Island (Arabic: الجزيرة الخضراء, al-Jazīra al-khadrāʔ; Swahili: Kisiwa cha Pemba) is a Tanzanian island forming part of the Zanzibar Archipelago, lying within the Swahili Coast in the Indian Ocean.
Shomi Patwary
Shomi Patwary (born February 20, 1982, in Dhaka, Bangladesh) is a filmmaker, and co-founder of the creative collective Illusive Media. Shomi currently runs a production company with his wife Punom Patwary based out of New York City.

RMR (musician)
RMR (pronounced "rumor") is an American rapper and singer. He first attained notoriety when his song "Rascal" went viral on YouTube in February 2020.

RMR was signed to Warner Records and Cmnty Rcrds from 2020 to 2022. After his release from Warner, he started his own label, RMRHasIt, a division of AWAL Recordings America.
Stowe Buntz
Stowe Buntz (born January 25, 1979) is an American professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He is active in the Championship Darts Circuit (CDC), the North American affiliate of the PDC; he has won nine CDC Pro Tour titles, as well as the 2023 CDC Continental Cup. He reached his first PDC major quarter-final at the 2023 Grand Slam.

Professional Darts Corporation
The Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) is a professional darts organisation in the United Kingdom, established in 1992 when a group of leading players split from the British Darts Organisation (BDO) to form what was initially called the World Darts Council (WDC). Sports promoter Eddie Hearn is the PDC chairman.

The PDC developed and holds several competitions, including the annual PDC World Darts Championship, the World Matchplay, World Grand Prix, UK Open, Premier League, and Grand Slam. It also runs its own world rankings based on players' performances.
Alice in Wonderland (2025 film)
Alice in Wonderland (Russian: Алиса в Стране чудес, romanized: Alisa v Strane chudes) is a 2025 Russian children's musical film directed by Yury Khmelnitsky, loosely based on the 1865 English novel of the same name by Lewis Carroll and the 1976 Soviet radio play by Vladimir Vysotsky.

Alice in Wonderland had its world premiere at the Karo 11 October at Arbat Square in Moscow on October 21, 2025, and was released in Russia on October 23, 2025 by Central Partnership.

Arbatskaya Square
Arbatskaya Square or Arbat Square (Russian: Арба́тская пло́щадь) is one of the oldest squares of Moscow, located on the junction of Gogolevsky Boulevard, Znamenka Street and Arbat Gates Square (in 1925–1993 – part of Arbatskaya Square).

The square is home to the Arbatskaya metro station, on Filyovskaya Line.
Rye Park, New South Wales
Rye Park is a town in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. The town is in the Hilltops Council local government area, 305 kilometres (190 mi) south west of the state capital, Sydney and 107 kilometres (66 mi) north of the national capital, Canberra.

Rye Park is situated on the Pudman Creek, which is a pristine waterway inhabited by platypus, turtles, frogs and the endangered Pigmy Perch.

The area was first settled by Europeans in the 1840s to farm the land. There have been periods of mining for silver and tin but today the town is involved in production of wool and meat.

Evidence of the village's early settlers can still be found. Hamilton Hume’s family settled in the area in 1865. Their homestead remains relatively unchanged from its original construction and it is still a privately owned working sheep property.

Rye Park has had a school since 1876.

At the 2016 census, Rye Park had a population of 258, which had dropped to 230 at the 2021 census.

Southern pygmy perch
The southern pygmy perch (Nannoperca australis), also known as the Tasmanian pygmy perch, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the temperate perch family Percichthyidae, native to southeastern Australia and Tasmania.
Saddell Bay
Saddell Bay is an embayment along the eastern side of the Kintyre Peninsula of Scotland. Saddell Bay is an element of Kilbrannan Sound that separates the Kintyre Peninsula from the Isle of Arran. Other bays along the east side of the Kintyre Peninsula include Kildonald Bay and Dippen Bay.

Kilbrannan Sound
Kilbrannan Sound (Scottish Gaelic: An Caolas Branndanach) is a marine water body in the west of Scotland.  It separates the Kintyre Peninsula from the island of Arran.  Kilbrannan Sound is the western arm of the lower Firth of Clyde.
Twelve (2010 film)
Twelve is a 2010 teen crime drama film directed by Joel Schumacher from a screenplay by Jordan Melamed, based on Nick McDonell's 2002 novel of the same name. The film follows a young drug dealer whose luxurious lifestyle falls apart after his cousin is murdered and his best friend is arrested for the crime. It stars Chace Crawford, Rory Culkin, Curtis Jackson, Emily Meade, and Emma Roberts.

The film was produced by Gaumont and Radar Pictures and premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 29, 2010, and was released theatrically on August 6, 2010, to critical and commercial failure. It grossed $110,238 during its opening weekend and $2.6 million worldwide, against a budget of $5 million, and was also panned by critics.

Rory Culkin
Rory Hugh Culkin (born July 21, 1989) is an American actor known for his roles in You Can Count on Me (2000), Signs (2002), Scream 4 (2011), Columbus (2017), and Lords of Chaos (2018). He has also appeared on television series such as Waco (2018), Under the Banner of Heaven (2022), and the Black Mirror (2023) episode "Beyond the Sea", In 2025, his short film Dear Shop Girl, premiered at the Woodstock Film Festival.

He is the youngest brother of actors Macaulay and Kieran Culkin.
Roland Zajmi
Roland Zajmi (born 6 November 1973) is an Albanian retired footballer who played the majority of his career in Greece with Proodeftiki, Atromitos, Kassandra, Agios Dimitrios and Pierikos. He also played for Dinamo/Olimpik Tirana and Partizani Tirana in Albania, Apollon Limassol in Cyprus as well as the Albania national team.

Apollon Limassol FC
Apollon Limassol FC (Greek: Απόλλων Λεμεσού, Apollon Lemesou) is a Cypriot sports club, based in Limassol. It has football, basketball and volleyball teams. Founded in 1954, Apollon FC currently plays in the Cypriot First Division and has won the championship title four times, the cup nine times and the Super Cup four times.
Palmones (river)
The  Río Palmones is a river of the Province of Cádiz in Southeastern coastal Spain. Its source is in Lomas del Castaño, Sierra Blanquilla, and it flows for some 37 kilometres (23 mi) into the Bay of Gibraltar, North of the city of Algeciras, in the neighborhood of Palmones. The Battle of Río Palmones took place here in 1342.

Province of Cádiz
Cádiz is a province of southern Spain, in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is the southernmost part of mainland Spain, as well as the southernmost part of continental Europe.

It is bordered by the Spanish provinces of Huelva, Seville, and Málaga, as well as the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Strait of Gibraltar and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Its area is 7,385 square kilometres (2,851 sq mi).

Its capital is the city of Cádiz, which has a population of 114,244. As of 2021, the largest city is Jerez de la Frontera with 212,801 inhabitants. Algeciras, which surpassed Cádiz with 122,982 inhabitants, is the second most populous city. The entire province had a population of 1,245,960 (as of 2021), of whom about 600,000 live in the Bay of Cádiz area (including Jerez), making it the third most populous province in Andalusia. Its population density is 167.93 per square kilometre.
Harvey Dent (Gotham episode)
"Harvey Dent" is the ninth episode of the television series Gotham. It premiered on FOX on November 17, 2014, and was written by Ken Woodruff, and directed by Karen Gaviola. In this episode, trying to solve the Waynes' murder, Gordon (Ben McKenzie) allies with ADA Harvey Dent (Nicholas D'Agosto) while also investigating corruption in Gotham.

The episode was watched by 6.49 million viewers, an improvement over the previous episode. It received generally positive reviews, though critics felt that Dent's character was "wasted".

Ken Woodruff
Ken Woodruff is an American television writer and producer. He is the showrunner and co-creator of Prime Video's Butterfly as well as the creator and showrunner of NBC's The Enemy Within. He has written and produced for CBS's The Mentalist for six seasons, and was a producer and writer for Fox's Gotham, also created by Mentalist creator Bruno Heller. Woodruff was also an executive producer of NBC's La Brea and penned two episodes of CBS' Shark.

Woodruff also has experience being a producer's assistant on Fox's The O.C. from the year 2003.
Mal Hammack
Malcolm Eugene Hammack (June 19, 1933 – July 19, 2004) was an American college and professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL) for twelve years during the 1950s and 1960s.  Hammack played college football for the University of Florida, and thereafter, he played professionally for the Chicago/St. Louis Cardinals of the NFL.

St. Louis Cardinals (NFL)
From 1960 to 1987, the professional American football team now known as the Arizona Cardinals played in St. Louis, Missouri, as the St. Louis Cardinals.

The team moved from Chicago to St. Louis in 1960, and played their first home game there on October 2 at Busch Stadium against the New York Giants. Their last home game in St. Louis, played at Busch Memorial Stadium on December 13, 1987, was also against the Giants. Their last game as a St. Louis–based club was on December 27, 1987, at the Dallas Cowboys.

During the Cardinals' 28 years in St. Louis, they advanced to the playoffs just four times (1964, 1974, 1975, and 1982), and never hosted a playoff game. Their only postseason win came in the 1964 Playoff Bowl.

Their winning percentage of .481 during their time in St. Louis—187 victories, 202 losses, and 13 ties—is better than those in the other two cities the Cardinals have called home.

The team moved to Tempe, Arizona, in 1988.
Zuber, Florida
Zuber is an unincorporated community in Marion County, Florida, United States. The intersection of State Road 326 and County Road 25A is located nearby. The community's commerce is supported by its proximity to Interstate 75.

The community is part of the Ocala Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Florida State Road 326
State Road 326 (SR 326) is an east–west route in Marion County, Florida, in and around Ocala. The western terminus is near Interstate 75's (I-75) exit 358, and its eastern end is at SR 40 east of Silver Springs. The highway acts as a bypass around Ocala, taking traffic to SR 40 on the edge of the Ocala National Forest.

West of I-75, the road continues as County Road 326 (CR 326) in Marion and Levy counties to the Waccasassa River near Gulf Hammock with another segment leading to the Lower Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge adjacent to the Gulf of Mexico.
Ribby-with-Wrea
Ribby-with-Wrea is a civil parish just west of Kirkham, in the Borough of Fylde and ceremonial county of Lancashire, England.  It had a population of 1,489 in 2001, reducing to 1,373 at the 2011 Census. The parish includes Ribby Hall and the village of Wrea Green.

For local government purposes, the parish forms part of Wrea Green with Westby ward. For Westminster elections it is part of the Fylde constituency.

Fylde (UK Parliament constituency)
Fylde (/faɪld/) is a constituency in Lancashire which since 2024 has been represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by Andrew Snowden, a Conservative. It is the only Conservative seat in Lancashire after the 2024 General Election, and one of three seats held by the party in North West England overall.
Deaths in January 2026
The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2026.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Seanad Éireann
53°20′26″N 6°15′14″W﻿ / ﻿53.34055°N 6.254021°W﻿ / 53.34055; -6.254021
Seanad Éireann (/ˈʃænəd ˈɛərən, ˈʃænəð/ ⓘ SHAN-əd(h) AIR-ən; Irish: [ˈʃan̪ˠəd̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; "Senate of Ireland") is the upper house of the Oireachtas (the Irish legislature), which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann (the lower house).

It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members are known as senators (Irish: seanadóirí, singular: seanadóir). Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by various methods. Its powers are much weaker than those of the Dáil and it can only delay laws with which it disagrees, rather than veto them outright. It can introduce new legislation. Since its establishment, it has been located in Leinster House.
Edwin Leaney
Edwin Leaney (3 June 1860 – 1 September 1904) was an English professional cricketer.

Leaney was born at Woolwich in what was then Kent in 1860. He played six first-class cricket matches as a wicket-keeper for Kent County Cricket Club in 1892 and toured South Africa with Walter Reed's XI in 1891–92, although he did not play in the match against South Africa which was given retrospective Test match status. He played for Old Charlton Cricket Club and his Wisden obituary says that he "was well-known in Metropolitan Club cricket".

Leaney played reserve team football as a goalkeeper in the 1890–91 season for Royal Arsenal F.C., the amateur team which evolved into Woolwich Arsenal F.C. in 1893. He died at the Dreadnought Seamen's Hospital in Greenwich in 1904 after undergoing an operation. He was 44.

English cricket team in South Africa in 1891–92
An English cricket team, organised and led by the Surrey amateur Walter Read, toured South Africa from December 1891 to March 1892. There is uncertainty about the status of South African cricket as a whole in the late nineteenth century and so Read's matches against the main provincial teams, such as Transvaal and Western Province, are not rated first-class. The only first-class match on the tour is one in March against a South African national team which was retrospectively awarded Test status. Read's XI is therefore designated England for this match and they won the Test by an innings and 189 runs. The South African Test team was captained by William Henry Milton.
20 Cygni
20 Cygni is a single, orange-hued star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is a faint star but is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.03. The distance to 20 Cygni can be estimated from its annual parallax shift of 16 mas, which yields a range of 202 light years. It is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −22 km/s.

This is an aging red giant star with a stellar classification of K3 III CN2, a star that has used up its core hydrogen and is expanding. The suffix notation indicates there are unusually strong lines of cyanogen in the spectrum. 20 Cyg is listed as one of the least variable stars in the Hipparcos catalogue, changing its brightness by no more than 0.01 magnitude. It has 1.28 times the mass of the Sun and has expanded to 13 times the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 57.5 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,337 K.

Astronomical spectroscopy
Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray, infrared and radio waves that radiate from stars and other celestial objects. A stellar spectrum can reveal many properties of stars, such as their chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance and luminosity. Spectroscopy can show the velocity of motion towards or away from the observer by measuring the Doppler shift. Spectroscopy is also used to study the physical properties of many other types of celestial objects such as planets, nebulae, galaxies, and active galactic nuclei.
Michael Maul
Michael Maul (born 1978) is a German musicologist noted for his work on Johann Sebastian Bach. Maul was born in Leipzig, and is still based in the city, although his work at the Bach Archive has involved travel to archives and libraries elsewhere to explore sources relating to Bach. He is also artistic director of Leipzig's annual Bach festival.

Bach Archive
The Bach-Archiv Leipzig or Bach-Archiv is an institution for the documentation and research of the life and work of Johann Sebastian Bach. The Bach-Archiv also researches the Bach family, especially their music.  
Based in Leipzig, the city where Bach lived from 1723 until his death, the Archiv is recognised by the German government as a "cultural beacon" of national importance.  Since 2008 the Bach-Archiv has been part of the University of Leipzig.