hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leo Seltzer (filmmaker)
Leo Seltzer (March 13, 1910–January 27, 2007) was an American social-documentary filmmaker whose career spanned over half a century, having made more than sixty films.

Leo Seltzer was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. One of the founders of the Workers' Film & Photo League, Seltzer received many international awards for his work, including an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short for First Steps in 1948. In 1962 he served as cinema-biographer to the White House for President John F. Kennedy. A 1961 documentary Seltzer directed for the US Information Agency and released by United artists called Jacqueline Kennedy's Asian Journeys showed the First Lady's experiences visiting India and Pakistan.

Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Film
This is a list of films by year that have received an Academy Award together with the other nominations for best documentary short film. Following the Academy's practice, the year listed for each film is the year of release: the awards are announced and presented early in the following year. Copies of every winning film (along with copies of most nominees) are held by the Academy Film Archive. Fifteen films are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Peter Hewlett
Peter William Hewlett (born 18 July 1941) is a Zimbabwean farmer and politician who served as a member of Parliament in the House of Assembly from 1990 to 2000. A member of ZANU–PF, he represented the Zhombe and Kwekwe North constituencies.

Born in Masvingo, he attended the Ruzawi and Peterhouse schools before going to the United States to study agriculture and ranching at the University of Missouri and the University of Texas at Austin. He returned to Southern Rhodesia and began farming near Masvingo, and later, near Kwekwe. He was also involved in the meat-processing industry and owned a shop in Harare. Upon his election to the House of Assembly in 1990, he became one of three white parliamentarians in Zimbabwe.

National Assembly of Zimbabwe
The National Assembly of Zimbabwe, previously the House of Assembly until 2013, is the lower house of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. It was established upon Zimbabwe's independence in 1980 as one of two chambers of parliament. Between the abolition of the Senate in 1989 and its reestablishment in 2005, the House of Assembly was the sole chamber of parliament.

Since the 2023 election, the National Assembly has had 280 members. Of these, 210 are elected in single-member constituencies. 60 seats are reserved for women, and are elected by proportional representation in 10 six-seat constituencies based on the country's provinces. The last 10 seats are reserved for youth and are also elected through proportional representation in 10 one-seat constituencies based on the provinces as well.

Jacob Mudenda has been Speaker of the National Assembly since September 2013.
Amy van Singel
Amelia ("Amy") van Singel (October 11, 1949 – September 19, 2016) was an American blues journalist and radio host.   She co-founded Living Blues magazine with her then-husband, Jim O'Neal, and was posthumously inducted to the Blues Hall of Fame in 2017.

Blues Hall of Fame
The Blues Hall of Fame is a music museum operated by the Blues Foundation at 421 S. Main Street in Memphis, Tennessee. Initially, the "Blues Hall of Fame" was not a physical building, but a listing of people who have significantly contributed to blues music. Started in 1980, it honors people who have performed, recorded, or documented blues. The museum opened to the public on May 8, 2015.
Polkadot Cadaver
Polkadot Cadaver is an American avant-garde/alternative metal band from Rockville, Maryland, formed in 2007 by members of Dog Fashion Disco. The band is stylistically similar to Dog Fashion Disco and inherited many of their fans.

Rockville, Maryland
Rockville is a city in and the county seat of Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, and is part of the Washington metropolitan area. The 2020 census tabulated Rockville's population at 67,117, making it the fourth-largest incorporated city in Maryland.

Rockville, along with neighboring Gaithersburg and Bethesda, is at the core of the Interstate 270 Technology Corridor which is home to numerous software and biotechnology companies as well as several federal government institutions. The city, one of the major retail hubs in Montgomery County, has several upscale regional shopping centers.
Trondheim Tramway controversy
The Trondheim Tramway controversy regards the political discussion of whether Trondheim, Norway, should have a tramway.

The first debate came after the 1956 Dalsenget fire, when most of the city's tram fleet was destroyed; a proposal to replace the tramway with a trolleybus line was rejected. In 1968, the Singsaker Line was closed, and replaced by a bus route. From the merger of all bus and tram companies into Trondheim Trafikkselskap in 1974, the debate was intensified. In 1984, the Elgeseter Line was closed, but a new depot was built and eleven new trams delivered.

In 1988, the last tram line, from Lian to Lade, was terminated. The tracks in the city center and to Lade were removed, but the Gråkallen Line was kept to run heritage trams. By 1990, the trams were still not sold. Instead, the private company AS Gråkallbanen took over operations and seven trams, and have operated the Gråkallen Line since. The process cost two mayors their jobs.

Elgeseter Line
The Elgeseter Line (Norwegian: Elgeseterlinjen) was a tramway line in Trondheim Tramway between Trondheim Torg and Elgeseter. The tram line was built in 1913, expanded in 1923 and abandoned in 1983. It was used by Line 2 operated by Trondheim Sporvei, later Trondheim Trafikkselskap, though part of the line was used by Singsaker Line.
Mirosław Dreszer
Mirosław Dreszer (born 28 August 1965) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

He began playing for GKS 71 Tychy, before joining Legia Warsaw in 1984, for whom he appeared in two Ekstraklasa matches in the 1985–86 season in two matches. In 1984, he started as the goalkeeper for the Poland national under-18 team, which finished third at the 1984 UEFA Euro Under-18.

He then moved to GKS Katowice where he played for the next five seasons. He played a total of 57 matches in the Polish top-flight for GKS. During a European Cup Winners' Cup match against FC Sion in 1986, he suffered a serious injury which resulted in his spleen having to be surgically removed.

He has played in over 170 matches in the Polish first and second division. Following retirement, he began work as a goalkeeping coach, and currently works with Ruch Chorzów's youth groups.

FC Sion
Football Club Sion, commonly known as simply FC Sion or Sion, is a Swiss football club from the city of Sion. The club was founded in 1909 and play their home matches at the Stade Tourbillon. They have won the Swiss Super League and the Swiss Cup in 13 of their 14 appearances in the final, the most recent being in 2015. The first team of the club was also known as their incorporated name Olympique des Alpes SA. The club set to play in the Super League from 2024 to 2025, the top tier of Swiss football after promotion from Challenge League in 2023–24.
Memoization
In computing, memoization or memoisation is an optimization technique used primarily to speed up computer programs. It works by storing the results of expensive calls to pure functions, so that these results can be returned quickly should the same inputs occur again. It is a type of caching, normally implemented using a hash table, and a typical example of a space–time tradeoff, where the runtime of a program is reduced by increasing its memory usage. Memoization can be implemented in any programming language, though some languages have built-in support that make it easy for the programmer to memoize a function, and others memoize certain functions by default.

Memoization has also been used in other contexts (and for purposes other than speed gains), such as in simple mutually recursive descent parsing. In the context of some logic programming languages, memoization is also known as tabling.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Agaricus campestris
Agaricus campestris is a widely eaten gilled mushroom closely related to the cultivated A. bisporus (button mushroom). A. campestris is commonly known as the field mushroom or, in North America, meadow mushroom.

The cap is white and up to 12 centimetres (4+3⁄4 inches) across. The species is found in grassy areas around the world. It is considered a choice edible but resembles some poisonous species.

Mushroom poisoning
Mushroom poisoning is poisoning resulting from the ingestion of mushrooms that contain toxic substances. Symptoms can vary from slight gastrointestinal discomfort to death in about 10 days. Mushroom toxins are secondary metabolites produced by the fungus.

Mushroom poisoning is usually the result of ingestion of wild mushrooms after misidentification of a toxic mushroom as an edible species. The most common reason for this misidentification is a close resemblance in terms of color and general morphology of the toxic mushrooms species with edible species. To prevent mushroom poisoning, mushroom gatherers familiarize themselves with the mushrooms they intend to collect, as well as with any similar-looking toxic species. The safety of eating wild mushrooms may depend on methods of preparation for cooking. Some toxins, such as amatoxins, are thermostable and mushrooms containing such toxins will not be rendered safe to eat by cooking.
Our Lady of Częstochowa-St Casimir Parish
Our Lady of Częstochowa-St Casimir Parish is a church in New York City at 24th Street in Brooklyn. The church, which was designated for Polish immigrants, was founded in 1896. It could also be spelled Częnstochowa, due to the tail on the third letter. The original church building was a wood-frame structure, which was destroyed by a fire in 1904. The replacement was a Gothic Revival Style with a tower and steeple rising to 175 feet that was built on the site of the original church.

This is one of the Polish-American Roman Catholic parishes in New York City in the Diocese of Brooklyn.

Polish National Catholic Church
The Polish National Catholic Church (PNCC; Polish: Polski Narodowy Kościół Katolicki, PNKK) is an independent Old Catholic church based in the United States and founded by Polish Americans that is part of the Union of Scranton.

The PNCC is not in communion with the Catholic Church. Since 2004, the PNCC is no longer in communion with the Union of Utrecht.

The church has around 30,000 members in five dioceses in the United States and Canada with 119 congregations in the US. The church is part of Polish Old Catholicism.
6th Electoral Unit of Republika Srpska (NSRS)
The sixth electoral unit of Republika Srpska is a parliamentary constituency used to elect members to the National Assembly of Republika Srpska since 2014.  It consists of the Municipalities of Ugljevik,
Šamac,
Donji Žabar,
Pelagićevo,
Bijeljina and
Lopare as well as the Brčko District.

Šamac, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Šamac (Serbian Cyrillic: Шамац, pronounced [ʃâmat͡s]), formerly Bosanski Šamac (Serbian Cyrillic: Босански Шамац) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. There are also small, uninhabited, parts located in the municipalities of Odžak and Domaljevac-Šamac, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

As of 2013, the town has a population of 5,390 inhabitants, while the municipality has 17,273 inhabitants. It is situated on the right bank of the Sava river. Across the river is Slavonski Šamac in Croatia.
Shuffle algebra
In mathematics, a shuffle algebra is a Hopf algebra with a basis corresponding to words on some set, whose product is given by the shuffle product X ⧢ Y of two words X, Y: the sum of all ways of interlacing them.  The interlacing is given by the riffle shuffle permutation.

The shuffle algebra on a finite set is the graded dual of the universal enveloping algebra of the free Lie algebra on the set.

Over the rational numbers, the shuffle algebra is isomorphic to the polynomial algebra in the Lyndon words.

The shuffle product occurs in generic settings in non-commutative algebras; this is because it is able to preserve the relative order of factors being multiplied together - the riffle shuffle permutation. This can be held in contrast to the divided power structure, which becomes appropriate when factors are commutative.

Noncommutative ring
In mathematics, a noncommutative ring is a ring whose multiplication is not commutative; that is, there exist a and b in the ring such that ab and ba are different. Equivalently, a noncommutative ring is a ring that is not a commutative ring.

Noncommutative algebra is the part of ring theory devoted to study of properties of the noncommutative rings, including the properties that apply also to commutative rings.

Sometimes the term noncommutative ring is used instead of ring to refer to an unspecified ring which is not necessarily commutative, and hence may be commutative. Generally, this is for emphasizing that the studied properties are not restricted to commutative rings, as, in many contexts, ring is used as a shorthand for commutative ring.

Although some authors do not assume that rings have a multiplicative identity, in this article we make that assumption unless stated otherwise.
Lloyd Center for the Environment
The Lloyd Center for the Environment is a non-profit organization that provides educational programs on aquatic environments in southeastern New England in the United States.

The Lloyd Center’s 55 acres (220,000 m2) of estuary and maritime forest in South Dartmouth, Massachusetts, was donated to the Dartmouth Natural Resources Trust in 1978 by Karen Lloyd as a living memorial to her mother, Katharine Nordell Lloyd. Lloyd Center programming began in 1981. Five walking trails offer scenic views of the Slocum River, Buzzards Bay, Demarest Lloyd State Park, Mishaum Point, and Cuttyhunk Island.  The Chaypee Woods Trail snakes its way through stone walls that hearken back to farming days when dairy cattle, ducks, and chickens were raised there.  Steep steps and slopes mix with the vistas of the salt marsh, oak-hickory forest, freshwater wetlands, kettleholes, moraine, and a Native American midden site.

Buzzards Bay
Buzzards Bay is a bay of the Atlantic Ocean adjacent to the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It is approximately 28 miles (45 kilometers) long by 8 miles (12 kilometers) wide. It is a popular destination for fishing, boating, and tourism. Buzzards Bay is often considered the finest sailing location on the East Coast  and is frequently compared in terms of sailing conditions to San Francisco Bay.  Since 1914, Buzzards Bay has been connected to Cape Cod Bay by the Cape Cod Canal. In 1988, under the Clean Water Act, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts designated Buzzards Bay to the National Estuary Program, as "an estuary of national significance" that is threatened by pollution, land development, or overuse.
Times of Northeast Benton County
The Times of Northeast Benton County is a weekly newspaper with a 1,300–1,400 circulation located in Pea Ridge, Arkansas, located in the northeast corner of Benton County. In addition to the city of Pea Ridge, the newspaper covers the communities of Little Flock to the south, Avoca and Brightwater to the southeast, Garfield, Lost Bridge and Gateway to the east, and historically — though intermittently in recent years — Jacket and Mountain to the north in Missouri. 
Annette Beard, a resident of the area for more than 30 years, is the current managing editor of the newspaper.

Gateway, Arkansas
Gateway is a town in Benton County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 436 at the 2020 census, up from 405 in 2010. It is part of the Northwest Arkansas region. The town's name reflects its situation as the "gateway" to and from Arkansas.
Black Rock Bridge
Black Rock Bridge is a historic concrete arch bridge carrying Pennsylvania Route 113 across the Schuylkill River between Phoenixville, Chester County, Pennsylvania, and Upper Providence Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. It has five spans; three main spans are each 116 feet (35 m) long and flanked by two 103-foot-long (31 m) spans. The bridge was constructed in 1927, and features open-spandrel arches and solid concrete parapet walls.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Isla El Coyote
Isla El Coyote (also known locally as Isla Pardito or El Pardito) is an island in the Gulf of California, located within Bahía Concepción east of the Baja California Peninsula. The island is meant to be uninhabited and is part of the Mulegé Municipality, but it is reported that members of a family with a colorful history have been inhabiting the island since the 1940s.

Gulf of California
The Gulf of California (Spanish: Golfo de California), also known as the Sea of Cortés (Mar de Cortés) or Sea of Cortez, or less commonly as the Vermilion Sea (Mar Vermejo), is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean that separates the Baja California peninsula from the Mexican mainland. It is bordered by the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Sinaloa with a coastline of approximately 4,000 km (2,500 mi). Rivers that flow into the Gulf of California include the Colorado, Fuerte, Mayo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and the Yaqui. The surface of the gulf is about 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi). Maximum depths exceed 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) because of the complex geology, linked to plate tectonics.

The gulf is thought to be one of the most diverse seas on Earth and is home to more than 5,000 species of micro-invertebrates. Parts of the Gulf of California are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Lucky Stiff (2014 film)
Lucky Stiff is a 2014 American musical comedy film directed by Christopher Ashley and starring Jason Alexander and Dennis Farina (in his final film role).  It is based on the 1988 musical of the same name by Lynn Ahrens and Stephen Flaherty and the 1983 novel The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo by Mike Butterworth.

Lynn Ahrens
Lynn Ahrens (born October 1, 1948) is an American writer and lyricist for the musical theatre, television and film. She has collaborated with Stephen Flaherty for many years.  She won the Tony Award, Drama Desk Award, and Outer Critics Circle Award for the Broadway musical Ragtime. Together with Flaherty, she has written many musicals, including Lucky Stiff, My Favorite Year, Ragtime, Seussical, A Man of No Importance, Dessa Rose, The Glorious Ones, Rocky, Little Dancer, Anastasia, and Once on This Island.

She was also nominated for two Academy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards for the animated Twentieth Century Fox film Anastasia. She wrote the teleplay of her 1994 musical adaption of A Christmas Carol, with music by Alan Menken and lyrics by Ahrens. She was a mainstay writer and performer for ABC-TV's Schoolhouse Rock! Ahrens also wrote lyrics for the title song for After the Storm, the documentary film about young Hurricane Katrina survivors putting on Once On This Island.
František Paďour
František Paďour (born 19 January 1988) is a Czech road bicycle racer, who last rode for UCI Professional Continental team Androni Giocattoli–Sidermec.

Padour left Bauknecht–Author at the end of the 2013 season, and joined NetApp–Endura for the 2014 season. In 2015, he signed for Androni Giocattoli.

GW Erco Shimano
GW Erco Shimano (UCI team code: GES) is a Colombian-registered UCI Continental cycling team that participates in road bicycle racing events on the UCI Continental Circuits. Prior to 2023, the team was based in Italy and held UCI ProTeam status. Gianni Savio manages the team, with assistance from directeurs sportifs Giovanni Ellena, Antonio Castano, Didier Paindaveine and Marco Bellini.

In 2022, with the arrival of a new sponsor — Drone Hopper (an aeronautical engineering company based in Spain) — the team has received a new name Drone Hopper–Androni Giocattoli.
South Breeze School
South Breeze School is a private English medium educational institution located in Dhaka, Bangladesh, founded in 1986. It offers primary and secondary education under the Edexcel International GCSE curriculum. It operates several campuses across the city and has been represented in national academic achievement awards. The school is registered with Pearson Edexcel and is a partner school of British Council Bangladesh. South Breeze School is also recognised by the Ministry of Education, Bangladesh.

British Council Bangladesh
British Council Bangladesh is the Bangladeshi branch of the British Council that provides English and British Education and takes part in cultural exchanges. The main office is located in Fuller Road, Dhaka and branches are located in Chittagong, Sylhet. Tom Miscioscia is the Director of British Council Bangladesh.
Anthony Browne, 7th Viscount Montagu
Anthony Joseph Browne, 7th Viscount Montagu (1728 – 9 April 1787) was an English peer and landowner.

He was the son of Anthony Browne, 6th Viscount Montagu, by his marriage to Barbara Webb.

On 22 July 1765, at St George's, Hanover Square, Montagu married Frances Falconer, daughter of Herbert Mackworth and the widow of Alexander Falconer, 6th Lord Falconer of Halkerton, and they were the parents of George Browne, 8th Viscount Montagu, and Elizabeth Mary Browne.

In 1770, Montagu employed Capability Brown to improve the gardens of his principal seat, Cowdray House.

Montagu died in 1787. In 1800, his widow married Henry Slaughter M.D. at St George's, Hanover Square, her third wedding in that church, and lived until 1823.

Lord Falconer of Halkerton
The title Lord Falconer of Halkerton is a dormant title in the peerage of Scotland, created on 20 December 1646 for Sir Alexander Falconer, Lord of Session, with remainder to his heirs-male whatsoever. King Charles I granted Sir Alexander a yearly pension of £200 with the title, for his ability, integrity, and affection for administration of Justice.

David Hume's mother was a great-granddaughter of a brother of Sir Alexander Falconer, 1st Lord Falconer of Halkerton.

In 1778, the 7th Lord inherited the Earldom of Kintore, and the two titles remained linked until 1966. The lordship then became vacant with the death of Arthur George Keith-Falconer, 12th Lord Falconer of Halkerton and 10th Earl of Kintore, although the earldom of Kintore continued in the female line.

Peter Serrel Falconer (died 2003), an architect, was the presumed heir to the feudal barony (1206) and Lordship (1646) of Halkerton, and had three sons (Thomas, Richard and William), but did not pursue the claim.