hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anju Kar
Anju Kar is an Indian politician from West Bengal. She is a former five time consecutive member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly from Kalna Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Caste community, in Purba Bardhaman district. She was first elected in the 1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election representing the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and served five terms till 2006. She last won the 2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election from Kalna.

1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in the Indian state of West Bengal in 1982. The Left Front, which had won the 1977 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, emerged victoriously. The Indian National Congress emerged as the main opposition party in the state, as the Janata Party was disintegrating.
Operation Nantucket Beach
Operation Nantucket Beach was a security operation during the Vietnam War conducted by the 198th Light Infantry Brigade, 23rd Infantry Division on the Batangan Peninsula from 23 July 1969 to 10 March 1971.

Batangan Peninsula
The Ba Làng An Peninsula (Vietnamese: mũi Ba Làng An, lit. 'land nose of Three Villages called An') is a peninsula in Quảng Ngãi Province, Vietnam, northeast of Quảng Ngãi and 32 kilometres (20 mi) south of Chu Lai. The name was often mispronounced as "Ba Tang An" and known as Batangan during the Vietnam War, although Far Eastern Economic Review and other sources continue to refer to the "Ba Lang An peninsula".
Artur Gruzdev
Artur Gruzdev (born 15 December 1998) is an Estonian ice dancer. With his former skating partner, Viktoria Semenjuk, he has competed in the final segment at two World Junior Championships (2018, 2019). They placed tenth at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics.

Figure skating at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics
Figure skating at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics took place at the Hamar Olympic Amphitheatre in Hamar, Norway from 12 to 21 February 2016.

Unique to the Youth Olympic Games was a mixed NOC team trophy competition.
Alexander Gibson (conductor)
Sir Alexander Drummond Gibson CBE FRSE  FRCM FRSA (11 February 1926 – 14 January 1995) was a Scottish conductor and opera intendant. He was also well known for his service to the BBC and his achievements during his reign as the longest serving principal conductor of  the Scottish National Orchestra in which the orchestra was awarded its royal patronage.

Fount of honour
The fount of honour (Latin: fons honorum) is a person, who, by virtue of their official position, has the exclusive right of conferring legitimate titles of nobility and orders of chivalry on other persons.
Archie Dunsmoor
Archie Clinton Dunsmoor (March 6, 1923 – June 9, 2007) was an American football coach.  He served as the head football coach at Eastern Oregon University in La Grande, Oregon from 1955 to 1967, compiling a record of 29–78–4.

Eastern Oregon University
Eastern Oregon University (EOU) (officially designated as Oregon’s Rural University) is a public university in La Grande, Oregon.  It was formerly part of the since dissolved Oregon University System. EOU was founded in 1929 as a teacher’s college. The university offers bachelor's and master's degrees. The school's athletic teams, the Mountaineers, are members of the Cascade and Frontier conferences of the NAIA.
Comte Bittencourt
Plínio Comte Leite Bittencourt (born 2 March 1957) is a Brazilian politician. He is affiliated with Cidadania, of which he is the current president. He served as a councilman and as vice-mayor of the city of Niterói. He later became the Secretary of Education for the state of Rio de Janeiro from 2020 to 2021. He was a vice-gubernatorial candidate for the 2018 Rio de Janeiro gubernatorial election, with Eduardo Paes as the gubernatorial candidate, losing to Wilson Witzel and Cláudio Castro.

Wilson Witzel
Wilson José Witzel  (born 19 February 1968) is a Brazilian politician and lawyer who was the 63rd Governor of the state of Rio de Janeiro. A member of the Social Christian Party, Witzel is a former federal judge and is an ex-marine. On 28 October 2018, he was elected Governor of the State of Rio de Janeiro with a four-year term beginning in January 2019, replacing Luiz Fernando Pezão, until his impeachment in April 2021 for corruption.

Witzel holds a master's in Civil Law, and has been a professor of Criminal Law for more than 20 years. As a federal judge, he served in different civil and criminal courts in Rio de Janeiro and in Vitória (Espírito Santo).
Cecil Morton York
Cecil Morton York (29 April 1857 – 23 February 1935) was a British actor of the silent era.

Born Cecil Morton Smith in Kensington, West London, UK, he died at age 77 in Denville Hall, Northwood, London.

West London
West London is the western part of London, England, north of the River Thames, west of the City of London, and extending to the Greater London boundary.

The term is used to differentiate the area from the other parts of London: Central London, North London, East London and South London. West London was part of the historic county of Middlesex.
Clow (surname)
Clow is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cheney Clow (1734–1788), American loyalist

Herbert Clow (1899–1977), American football player

James Clow (1790–1861), minister

Andrew Clow (1890–1957), British colonial governor

Lee Clow (born 1943), American advertising executive

Ross Clow, New Zealand politician

Andrew Clow
Sir Andrew Gourlay Clow, KCSI, CIE (29 April 1890 – 31 December 1957) was a British colonial administrator in India. He was a specialist in labour conditions in India. Clow was member for Communications on the Viceroy’s Council until his appointment as Governor of Assam from 1942 to 1947, the last British-born governor.
George F. Wingard
George F. Wingard (born November 6, 1935) is an American businessman who served a member of the Oregon House of Representatives and Oregon State Senate.

He was born in Amboy, Washington, and attended the University of Oregon. He was a builder and businessman. Wingard served one term in the Oregon House of Representatives from 1969 to 1971 prior to his election to the senate. He ran for State Treasurer of Oregon in 1980 and 1992. He also served on the city council of Eugene, Oregon. 
Outside of politics, he is an antique race car restorer and race car driver at Laguna Seca and at the Goodwood Festival of Speed.

Oregon State Treasurer
The Oregon state treasurer is a constitutional officer within the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of Oregon, elected by statewide vote to serve a four-year term. As chief financial officer for the state, the office holder heads the Oregon State Treasury, and with the Governor and Secretary of State, serves on the Land Board.

The current state treasurer is Elizabeth Steiner, who was elected in 2024.
Masaaki Shirakawa
Masaaki Shirakawa (白川 方明, Shirakawa Masaaki; born September 27, 1949) is a Japanese economist and the 30th Governor of the Bank of Japan (BOJ), and professor at Aoyama Gakuin University. He is also a Director and Vice-Chairman of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS).

Bank for International Settlements
The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) is an international financial institution which is owned by members central banks. Its primary goal is to foster international monetary and financial cooperation while serving as a bank for central banks. With its establishment in 1930 it is the oldest international financial institution. Its initial purpose was to oversee the settlement of World War I war reparations.

The BIS carries out its work through its meetings, programmes and through the Basel Process, hosting international groups pursuing global financial stability and facilitating their interaction. It also provides banking services, but only to central banks and other international organizations.

The BIS is based in Basel, Switzerland, with representative offices in Hong Kong and Mexico City.
Younghusband Peninsula
Younghusband Peninsula is a long narrow peninsula in South Australia. It separates the Coorong Channel, the Tauwitchere Channel and the Coorong which are part of the estuary of the River Murray from the Southern Ocean which including water bodies such as Encounter and Lacepede Bays. It lies entirely within the Coorong National Park. The peninsula is over  110 kilometres (68 mi) long, but less than 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) wide at its widest point. Its narrowest point is less than  350 metres (1,150 ft) wide. The Younghusband Peninsula, together with the Sir Richard Peninsula on the western side of the Murray Mouth, are the coastal dune system that forms the continental coastline from  near Goolwa in the north west to about 35 kilometres (22 miles) north of Kingston SE in the south east. Younghusband Peninsula was named after William Younghusband, M.P.

Lacepede Bay
Lacepede Bay (locally /ˈlæsəˌpiːd/ LASS-ə-peed, French: Baie Lacépède) is a bay in the Australian state of South Australia located on the state's  south-east coast about 140 kilometres (87 miles) northwest of Mount Gambier and about 240 kilometres (150 miles) southeast of Adelaide.  It was named in 1802 by the Baudin expedition of 1800-03 after Bernard Germain de Lacépède, the French naturalist.  It is one of four ‘historic bays’ located on the South Australian coast.
2024 Malaysian Allah socks controversy
On 13 March 2024, a pair of socks featuring the word Allah for sale at a KK Super Mart in Sunway City, Petaling Jaya, sparked public controversy in Malaysia. Due to its perceived insult on Islam, especially on the Muslim holy month of Ramadan at that time the incident quickly gained attention on social media and led to responses from political and religious figures, calls for boycotts, and ultimately, legal action against the store's management and its distributor, Xin Jian Chang. The case drew attention to issues of religious respect in consumer products and prompted debates on freedom of expression and religious sensitivities in Malaysia.

Muhamad Akmal Saleh
Muhamad Akmal bin Saleh (Jawi: محمد اکمال صالح, Malay pronunciation: [muhamad akmal]; born 2 July 1988) is a Malaysian politician and doctor who has served as Member of the Malacca State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Merlimau since November 2021. He served as Member of the Malacca State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Barisan Nasional (BN) state administration under Chief Minister Ab Rauf Yusoh from April 2023 to his resignation in January 2026 for the second term and under former Chief Minister Sulaiman Md Ali from November 2021 to March 2023 for the first term as well as a  He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition. He has served as the 15th Youth Chief of UMNO and Division Chief of UMNO Jasin since March 2023.
2024 Saint-Tropez Open
The 2024 Saint-Tropez Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Saint-Tropez, France between 16 and 22 September 2024.

Gijs Brouwer
Gijs Brouwer (Dutch pronunciation: [ɣɛiz ˈbrʌuər]; born 14 March 1996) is a Dutch tennis player.
Brouwer has a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 114 achieved on 27 February 2023. He also has a career high doubles ranking of World No. 148 achieved on 22 August 2022.

Brouwer has won two ATP Challenger doubles titles at the 2021 Puerto Vallarta Open with Reese Stalder and at the 2022 Tallahassee Tennis Challenger with Christian Harrison.
Diamonds (musical)
Diamonds is a musical revue  about baseball. The book and music were created by many writers, composers, and lyricists. Among them were Ellen Fitzhugh, Roy Blount, Jr., Alan Zweibel, and John Weidman (book); and Larry Grossman, Comden and Green, Howard Ashman, Alan Menken, Kander and Ebb, and Cy Coleman, music.

The musical ran Off Broadway at the Circle in the Square Downtown theater, beginning on December 16, 1984, and closing on March 31, 1985, after 122 performances.  The production was directed by Broadway veteran Harold Prince. The cast included Loni Ackerman, Susan Bigelow, Jackée Harry, Scott Holmes, Dick Latessa, Dwayne Markee, Wade Raley, Larry Riley, Nestor Serrano, Gordon Stanley and Chip Zien.

The musical won the Outer Critics Circle Award for Best Set Design, by Tony Straiges.

Harold Prince
Harold Smith Prince (born Harold Smith; January 30, 1928 – July 31, 2019), commonly known as Hal Prince, was an American theater director and producer known for his work in musical theater.

One of the foremost figures in 20th-century American theater, Prince became associated throughout his career with many of the most noteworthy musicals in Broadway history, including West Side Story, Fiddler on the Roof, Cabaret, Sweeney Todd, and Phantom of the Opera, the longest-running show in Broadway history. Many of his productions broke new ground for musical theater, expanding the possibilities of the form by incorporating more serious and political subjects, such as Nazism (Cabaret), the difficulties of marriage (Company), and the forcible opening of 19th-century Japan (Pacific Overtures).

Over the span of his career, he garnered a record 21 Tony Awards, including eight for Direction, eight for producing the year's Best Musical, two as Best Producer of a Musical, and three Special Awards.
Manfred Stumpf
Manfred Stumpf (born November 25, 1957, in Alsfeld, Hesse) is a German draftsman, conceptual artist, and digital artist. He started to study 1976 with Thomas Bayrle at the Städelschule in Frankfurt am Main, since 1978 with Hans Haake at the Cooper Union in New York, and since 1979 with Bazon Brock at the University of Applied Arts in Vienna, Austria. He currently resides in Romrod in the Vogelsbergkreis and Frankfurt, Germany.

From 1995 until 2024, Stumpf has been professor for figure drawing and conceptual drawing at the faculty of arts and was leading interdisciplinary projects with Prof. Dieter Mankau at the HfG Offenbach.

Städelschule
The Städelschule, full name Hochschule für Bildende Künste–Städelschule, is a tertiary school of art in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It accepts about 20 students each year from around 500 applicants, and has a total of approximately 150 students of visual arts; until 2020 there were also about 50 students of architecture. About 75% of the students are not from Germany, and courses are taught in English.
Myochrous denticollis
Myochrous denticollis, the southern corn leaf beetle, is a species of leaf beetle. It is found in Central America and North America. It is a crop pest, and has been reported to damage corn in Illinois.

Adults are about 3/16 inch long and about a third as wide. They are colored dark brown and often covered with bits of soil. The thorax has three "teeth" on each lateral edge, after which the species is named (denticollis is Latin for "toothed-collar"). The beetles drop from their food plants to the ground and hide when they are disturbed, making them difficult to find.

Southern corn leaf beetles overwinter as adults beneath the soil and plant debris and in clumps of some species of weeds. The adults emerge again in early spring, to feed on young weed hosts such as cocklebur, smartweed, and crabgrass as well as early-planted corn.

Overwintering
Overwintering is the process by which some organisms pass through or wait out the winter season, or  pass through that period of the year when "winter" conditions (cold or sub-zero temperatures, ice, snow, limited food supplies) make normal activity or even survival difficult or near impossible. In some cases "winter" is characterized not necessarily by cold but by dry conditions; passing through such periods could likewise be called overwintering.

Hibernation and migration are the two major ways in which overwintering is accomplished. Animals may also go into a state of reduced physiological activity known as torpor.

Overwintering occurs in several classes of lifeform.
Bathampton Down
Bathampton Down is a flat limestone plateau near Bathampton, Somerset, England, overlooking the River Avon and the city of Bath. There is evidence of human activity at the site since the Mesolithic period, including Bathampton Camp, an Iron Age hillfort or stock enclosure. It has also been used for quarrying, and part of it is now a golf course.

Claverton Down
Claverton Down is a suburb on the south-east hilltop edge of Bath, Somerset, England. It is linked to the Bathwick area of the city by Bathwick Hill.

Primarily a rural area with relatively few houses, it is home to the University of Bath, the headquarters of Wessex Water and a private golf course, the Bath Golf Course.

The American Museum is based at Claverton Manor, below Claverton Down on the road to the village of Claverton. Claverton Manor was designed by Jeffry Wyattville and built in the 1820s, and is a Grade I listed building.

Claverton Down was the location of an isolation hospital, constructed in 1876. It consisted of a number of temporary wooden ward blocks and two "fever tents". Permanent buildings were erected in 1931–34. In 1950, at the age of 13, food writer and cook Mary Berry contracted polio and spent three months at the hospital.
Dexippus (philosopher)
Dexippus (Greek: Δέξιππος; fl. 350) was an Ancient Greek Neoplatonist philosopher from the 4th century AD, whose wrote a commentary on the Categories of Aristotle which is partially extant.

Dexippus was likely a pupil of the Neoplatonist Iamblichus, but little else in known about his life. Like many other neoplatonists, Dexippus advocated harmony between the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle. In his work, Dexippus explains the categories to a student named Seleucus, and endeavors at the same time to refute the objections of Plotinus. His work was known to the later Neoplatonist Simplicius of Cilicia, who mentions his commentary in his own work on the categories.

Categories (Aristotle)
The Categories (Ancient Greek: Κατηγορίαι, romanized: Katēgoriai; Latin: Categoriae or Praedicamenta) is a text from Aristotle's Organon that enumerates all the possible kinds of things that can be the subject or the predicate of a proposition.  They are "perhaps the single most heavily discussed of all Aristotelian notions". The work is brief enough to be divided not into books, as is usual with Aristotle's works, but into fifteen chapters.

The Categories places every object of human apprehension under one of ten categories (known to medieval writers as the Latin term praedicamenta). Aristotle intended them to enumerate everything that can be expressed without composition or structure, thus anything that can be either the subject or the predicate of a proposition.
Mount Buckindy
Mount Buckindy is a remote 7,320-foot-elevation (2,230-meter) mountain summit located in the North Cascades, in Skagit County of Washington state. It is the second-highest point of the Buckindy Range, or Buckindy Ridge. It is set in the Glacier Peak Wilderness on land managed by the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. It is situated 20 miles east-northeast of Darrington, Washington, and 17 miles north-northwest of Glacier Peak which is one of the Cascade stratovolcanoes. Precipitation runoff from Mount Buckindy drains south to the Suiattle River via Buck Creek and Downey Creek, and north to the Cascade River via Kindy Creek. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 4,700 feet (1,400 meters) above Kindy Creek in less than two miles. The mountain's toponym is a portmanteau of Buck and Kindy Creeks, and has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

United States Board on Geographic Names
The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) is a federal body operating under the United States secretary of the interior. The purpose of the board is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the federal government of the United States.
Gordon Bowker Volcano Prize
The Gordon Bowker Volcano Prize is a British and Irish literary award for a novel focusing on travel, awarded annually by the Society of Authors. It was inaugurated in 2022, and is named for Malcolm Lowry's book Under the Volcano and endowed in memory of Gordon Bowker (1934-2019), Lowry's biographer, by Ramdei Bowker.

The three judges in the inaugural year of the prize were Caroline Brothers, Philip Hensher and Aamer Hussein. Brothers said of the shortlist:

... these novels stood out for their sophisticated understanding of people, places and history, for their courage in exploring complexity and the search for meaning, for the way they harnessed the power of language to help us see the world with fresh eyes.

The prize is awarded for "a novel focusing on the experience of travel away from home" written in English, published in Britain or Ireland, by a British or Irish author or resident. The winner receives £2,000, and a runner-up receives £750.

Under the Volcano
Under the Volcano is a novel by the English writer Malcolm Lowry (1909–1957) published in 1947. It tells the story of Geoffrey Firmin, an alcoholic British consul in the Mexican city of Quauhnahuac on the Day of the Dead in November 1938. It takes its name from the volcanoes Popocatépetl and Iztaccihuatl, which overshadow the city and the characters. It was Lowry's second novel, and the last one he completed.

The novel was adapted for radio on Studio One in 1947 but had gone out of print by the time Lowry died in 1957. In 1984 it served as the basis of the film adaption Under the Volcano, which restored its popularity. In 1998 Modern Library ranked Under the Volcano at number 11 on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century. It was included also in Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century, Time's All-Time 100 Novels, and Anthony Burgess' Ninety-Nine Novels: The Best in English Since 1939.
Pretty Cure All Stars: Spring Carnival
Pretty Cure All Stars: Spring Carnival♪ (Japanese: 映画 プリキュアオールスターズ 春のカーニバル♪, Hepburn: Eiga Purikyua Ōru Sutāzu: Haru no Kānibaru♪) is a 2015 Japanese animated action fantasy film based on the Pretty Cure franchise created by Izumi Todo. The film is directed by Junji Shimizu, written by Mio Inoue, and produced by Toei Animation. The film was released in Japan on March 14, 2015.

Marking the seventh entry to the Pretty Cure All Stars crossover film series, the Go! Princess PreCure team joins the previous Pretty Cure teams to a Spring Carnival in a musical kingdom of Harmonia.

Crossover (fiction)
A crossover is the placement of two or more otherwise discrete fictional characters, settings, or universes into the context of a single story. They can arise from legal agreements between the relevant copyright holders (known as intercompany crossovers), common corporate ownership or unofficial efforts by fans.

This is different from a spoof, where one discrete character, setting, or universe, copies another character, setting, or universe, often in a comedic manner.
Vose
Vose is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christopher Vose (1887–1970), English cross-country runner

Dominic Vose (born 1993), English footballer

George L. Vose (1831–1910), American railroad engineer

George Vose (1911–1981), English footballer

Horace Vose (1840–1913), Rhode Island turkey farmer

Michael Vose, New Hampshire politician

Noel Vose (1921–2016), Australian Baptist minister

Richard H. Vose (1803–1864), Maine politician

Roger Vose (1763–1841), New Hampshire politician

Ruth Vose (1808–1884), wife of Joseph Smith

Noel Vose
Godfrey Noel Vose (23 December 1921 – 2 May 2016) was a Western Australian Baptist minister, the founding principal of Vose Seminary (formerly the Baptist Theological College of Western Australia) and the only Australian appointed as President of the Baptist World Alliance.