hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aryl sulfotransferase
An aryl sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.1) is an enzyme that 
transfers a sulfate group from phenolic sulfate esters to a phenolic acceptor substrate.

3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + a phenol  adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + an aryl sulfate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and phenol, whereas its two products are adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate and aryl sulfate.

These enzymes are transferases, specifically the sulfotransferases, which transfer sulfur-containing groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:phenol sulfotransferase. Other names in common use include phenol sulfotransferase, sulfokinase, 1-naphthol phenol sulfotransferase, 2-naphtholsulfotransferase, 4-nitrocatechol sulfokinase, arylsulfotransferase, dopamine sulfotransferase, p-nitrophenol sulfotransferase, phenol sulfokinase, ritodrine sulfotransferase, and PST.  This enzyme participates in sulfur metabolism.

3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate
3′-Phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) is a derivative of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) that is phosphorylated at the 3′ position and has a sulfate group attached to the 5′ phosphate.  It is the most common coenzyme in sulfotransferase reactions and hence part of sulfation pathways. It is endogenously synthesized by organisms via the phosphorylation of adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (APS), an intermediary metabolite. In humans such reaction is performed by bifunctional 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate synthases (PAPSS1 and PAPSS2) using ATP as the phosphate donor.
Eppleton Hall (1914)
Eppleton Hall is a paddlewheel tugboat built in England in 1914. The only remaining intact example of a Tyne-built paddle tug, and one of only two surviving British-built paddle tugs (the other being the former Tees Conservancy Commissioners' vessel, PS John H Amos), she is preserved at the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park in San Francisco, California.

River Wear
The River Wear (/ˈwɪər/ ⓘ, WEER) in Northern England rises in the Pennines and flows eastwards, mostly through County Durham, to the North Sea in the City of Sunderland. At 60 mi (97 km) long, it is one of the region's longest rivers. The Wear wends in a steep valley through the cathedral city of Durham and gives its name to Weardale in its upper reach and Wearside by its mouth.
Dociostaurus jagoi
Dociostaurus jagoi is a species of grasshoppers: typical of the tribe Dociostaurini and placed in the subgenus Kazakia. It was named after the English orthopterist Nicholas Jago and is found in the western Palearctic region.

Orthopterology
Orthopterology is the scientific study of the order Orthoptera, which includes grasshoppers, crickets, locusts and some other insects. Someone that studies in this field is an orthopterist.

The term is derived from the Ancient Greek words ὀρθός (orthós) and πτερόν (pterón), meaning straight and wing respectively, with the English suffix -logy.

A notable branch of orthopterology is acridology, which focuses on locusts and grasshoppers in the family Acrididae and is relevant to famine prevention.
Nandivardhana of Kundagrama
Nandivardhana was a chief of the Nāya Republic in Kundagrama, a suburb of Vaishali (Basarh in modern-day Bihar). He was the elder brother of Mahavira, the 24th Jain Tirthankara. His father was Siddhartha..According to the second chapter of the Śvētāmbara Ācārāṅga Sūtra, Siddhartha and his family were devotees of Parshvanatha.

Basarh
Basarh is a village in the Vaishali district of Bihar, India. It is the location of the ancient Vaishali city.

According to the 2011 census of India, Basarh has 14,084 people in 2,667 households. The population includes 7,289 males and 6,795 females. The effective literacy rate (that is, literacy rate of the population aged 6 years and above) of the village is 56.84%. The area of the village is 10.01 km2.

The Basarh lion pillar
Ted Benoit
Thierry "Ted" Benoit (25 July 1947 – 30 September 2016) was a French comic artist, graphic novelist and prominent figure in the stylish Franco-Belgian ligne claire comics scene in the 1980s. His influences included Edgar P. Jacobs, Moebius, Robert Crumb and to a lesser extend Jacques Tardi.

Among his works from the 1980s are Bingo Bongo et son Combo Congolais, a series about aspiring novelist Bingo B. Bongo and his travails; and Ray Banana, a film noir pastiche. Some of these were published in English in Heavy Metal.

Benoit illustrated two books in the Blake and Mortimer series, both written by Jean Van Hamme:  The Francis Blake Affair, 1996; and The Strange Encounter, 2001. Benoit died on 30 September 2016 at the age of 69.

Lambiek
Galerie Lambiek is a  Dutch comic book store and art gallery in Amsterdam, founded on November 8, 1968 by Kees Kousemaker (Steenbergen, (1942-01-25)January 25, 1942 – Bussum, April 27, 2010(2010-04-27) (aged 68)). His son Boris Kousemaker has been the owner since 2007. From 1968 to 2015, it was located in the Kerkstraat, but in November 2015, the store moved to Koningsstraat 27. As of 2018, Lambiek is the oldest comics store in Europe, and the oldest worldwide still in existence.

The name "Lambiek" originated as a misspelling of the name of the comics' character Lambik, from the popular Suske & Wiske comic book series created by Belgian artist Willy Vandersteen. The logo of the shop is an image from the Suske en Wiske album Prinses Zagemeel (Princess Sawdust).
Dhuri Junction railway station
Dhuri Junction Railway Station is located in Sangrur district in the state of Punjab in India and serves Dhuri city. Dhuri Junction station falls under Ambala railway division of Northern Railway zone of Indian Railways.

Sangrur district
Sangrur district is in the state of Punjab in northern India. Sangrur city is the district headquarters. It is one of the five districts in Patiala Division in the Indian state of Punjab. Neighbouring districts are Malerkotla (north), Barnala (west), Patiala (east), Mansa (southwest) and Fatehabad (Haryana) and Jind (Haryana) (south).

Sangrur consists of the cities of Dhuri, Lehragaga,  Sangrur, and Sunam. Other cities are Bhawanigarh, Dirba, Khanauri, Longowal, Cheema and Moonak. There are 7 sub-divisions, being Sangrur, Dhuri, Sunam, Lehragaga, Moonak, Bhawanigarh and Dirba. Till 2006, Barnala was also a part of Sangrur district, but now it is a separate district. In 2021, a new district Malerkotla district, consisting of Malerkotla and Ahmedgarh subdivisions and the Amargarh sub-tehsil, was formed out of Sangrur district.
Starseed (novel)
Starseed is a science fiction novel by Spider Robinson and Jeanne Robinson. It first appeared in seven parts in Pulphouse Weekly in 1991. It is a sequel to Stardance and was published as a standalone novel later that year. It was republished in 1997 as an omnibus edition with Stardance.

Pulphouse Publishing
Pulphouse Publishing was an American small press publisher based in Eugene, Oregon, and specializing in science fiction and fantasy. It was founded by Dean Wesley Smith and Kristine Kathryn Rusch in 1988. The press was active until 1996. Over that period, Pulphouse published 244 different titles.
Ceres Nunataks
The Ceres Nunataks (72°3′S 70°25′W﻿ / ﻿72.050°S 70.417°W﻿ / -72.050; -70.417) are a group of three nunataks located immediately east of the base of Shostakovich Peninsula in southern Alexander Island, Antarctica. They were mapped by the Directorate of Overseas Surveys from satellite imagery supplied by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey, and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Ceres, one of the asteroids lying between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter.

Shostakovich Peninsula
Shostakovich Peninsula is an ice-covered peninsula lying north of Stravinsky Inlet and extending into Bach Ice Shelf in southern Alexander Island, Antarctica. The peninsula was first mapped by Directorate of Overseas Surveys from satellite imagery of Antarctica supplied by NASA in cooperation with U.S. Geological Survey. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Dmitri Shostakovich, Russian composer (1906–1975). Shostakovich Peninsula is one of the eight peninsulas of Alexander Island.
Top Gear controversies
The British motoring-themed television programme Top Gear was often the focus of criticism. The criticism has ranged from minor viewer complaints to serious complaints where broadcasting watchdogs such as Ofcom have been involved.

Critics claim the programme shows disdain for the environment and promotes dangerous driving, whereas the BBC and show's presenters claim that "Top Gear takes issues of safety very seriously and none of our presenters advocate or encourage speeding or dangerous driving."

James May
James Daniel May (born 16 January 1963) is an English television presenter, author and journalist. He is best known as a co-presenter, alongside Jeremy Clarkson and Richard Hammond, of the motoring programme Top Gear from 2003 until 2015 and the television series The Grand Tour for Amazon Prime Video from 2016 to 2024. He also served as a director of the production company W. Chump & Sons.

May has presented other programmes on themes including travel, science & technology, toys, wine culture, and the plight of manliness in modern times. He wrote a weekly column for The Daily Telegraph's motoring section from 2003 to 2011.
Mirai to wa?
"Mirai to wa?" (未来とは?) is the 14th single by SKE48. It was released on March 19, 2014. It debuted in number one on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart. It was the best-selling single in March and the 13th best-selling single of the year in Japan, with 503,917 copies. It debuted in number one on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.

Billboard Japan Hot 100
The Billboard Japan Hot 100 is a record chart in Japan for songs. It has been compiled by Billboard Japan and Hanshin Contents Link since February 2008. The chart is updated every Wednesday at Billboard-japan.com (JST) and every Thursday at Billboard.com (UTC).

The first number-one song on the chart was "Stay Gold" by Hikaru Utada on the issue dated January 16, 2008. The first number-one song on the chart by a non-Japanese artist was "Bleeding Love" by Leona Lewis in the issue dated April 30, 2008. The current number-one on the chart as of the issue dated February 25, 2026, is "Bakuretsu Aishiteru" by M!lk.
Modimolle
Modimolle, also known as Nylstroom, is a town located near the southern edge of the Waterberg Massif in Limpopo province, South Africa. It is a medium-sized town that focuses primarily on agriculture and farming (citrus, grapes and cattle) as well as wildlife and tourism. Nylstroom is also located approximately 135 kilometres (84 miles) north of Pretoria, South Africa's capital city.

The Waterberg Biosphere spreading north, a UNESCO designated Biosphere Reserve, contains approximately 15,000 square kilometres (5,792 square miles).  Waterberg is the first region in the northern part of South Africa to be named as a Biosphere Reserve by  UNESCO. The extensive rock formation was shaped by hundreds of millions of years of riverine erosion to yield diverse bluff and butte landform.  The ecosystem can be characterised as a dry deciduous forest or Bushveld.

Landform
A landform is a land feature on the solid surface of the Earth or other planetary body. They may be natural or may be anthropogenic (caused or influenced by human activity). Landforms together make up a given terrain, and their arrangement in the landscape is known as topography. Landforms include hills, mountains, canyons, and valleys, as well as shoreline features such as bays, peninsulas, and seas, including submerged features such as mid-ocean ridges, volcanoes, and the great oceanic basins.
Joe Miller (rugby league)
Joseph Miller (18 May 1884 – 1956) was an English professional rugby league player who played in the 1900s and 1910s. He played at representative level for Great Britain and England, and at club level for Wigan, as a wing.

Oldham R.L.F.C.
Oldham Rugby League Football Club is a professional rugby league football club based in Oldham, Greater Manchester, England. The club plays home games at Bower Fold in Stalybridge, and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Oldham have won the League Championship four times, Challenge Cup three times and the Second Division three times.

The clubs traditional home kits are red and white hooped jerseys, navy blue shorts and red socks. They share a local rivalry with Rochdale Hornets, Salford Red Devils and Swinton Lions and cross county rivalries with nearby Huddersfield Giants and Halifax.
Rhamphochromis
Rhamphochromis is a genus of East African haplochromine cichlids endemic to the Lake Malawi basin, also including Lake Malombe, Lake Chilingali, Chia Lagoon and upper Shire River. They mainly occur in offshore open waters (down to depths of 200 m or 660 ft), but a few species also near the coast. They are piscivores that typically feed on lake sardines and small utaka cichlids.

They are elongated in shape and mainly silver or golden-silver in color, sometimes with yellow fins (especially pelvic and anal fins) and dark horizontal lines along the body. Depending on the species involved, they reach lengths of up to 28 to 45 cm (11–18 in).

Although not closely related, they have sometimes been compared to piscivorous Bathybates cichlids of Lake Tanganyika.

Lake Malombe
Lake Malombe is a lake in southern part of Malawi. It is located on the Shire River, in the Southern Region around 14°40′0″S 35°15′0″E﻿ / ﻿14.66667°S 35.25000°E﻿ / -14.66667; 35.25000, about 20 km (12 mi) south of much larger Lake Malawi. It has an area of about 450 km2 (170 mi2). In recent years the number of fishermen on the lake has risen substantially, and this has led to local decline in some fish species, especially the chambo cichlids which is an important source of food throughout Malawi.  The lake is extremely shallow with an average depth of approximately eight feet, and during periods of dry weather the water level recedes and can even disappear.

The lake-bed was dry for several hundred years until it refilled in the middle of the 19th century.
Theophanes (crater)
Theophanes is a crater on Mercury.  Its name was adopted by the IAU in 1976, after the Byzantine painter Theophanes.

Hollows are present within Theophanes and to the west of the crater.

Two unnamed depressions east of Theophanes may be sites of explosive volcanism.

Theophanes crater and hollows to the west

Theophanes at left, with two probable sites of explosive volcanism at center and below center

Theophanes the Greek
Theophanes the Greek (Russian: Феофан Грек, romanized: Feofan Grek; Greek: Θεοφάνης; c. 1330/1340 – c. 1410) was a Byzantine Greek artist, active mainly in Russia.

He greatly influenced the style of painting in Novgorod and Moscow in the 15th century. He is also known as being the teacher and mentor of Andrei Rublev, the greatest Russian icon painter of his time.
Saloninus
Publius Licinius Cornelius Saloninus Valerianus (died 260), typically just called Saloninus, was a young Roman nobleman who briefly became emperor in 260. The grandson of Valerian I, Saloninus was appointed caesar (heir) in 258 in an attempt to shore up the Licinian line of succession during the Crisis of the Third Century. During his time in power, Saloninus administered the German marches out of Cologne. Nevertheless, Saloninus soon became embroiled in a dispute with future Gallic emperor Postumus over war spoils. In 260, Saloninus' troops acclaimed him augustus (emperor) in an unsuccessful bid for political legitimacy; Postumus killed Saloninus shortly thereafter.

Social class in ancient Rome
Social class in ancient Rome was hierarchical, with multiple and overlapping social hierarchies. An individual's relative position in one might be higher or lower than in another, which complicated the social composition of Rome.

The status of freeborn Romans during the Republic was established by:

Ancestry (patrician or plebeian).

Census rank (ordo) based on wealth and political privilege, with the senatorial and equestrian ranks elevated above the ordinary citizen.

Gender.

Citizenship, of which there were varying types

The commoners and slaves were in the lower class
Daniel Jamatia
Daniel Jamatia is an Indian politician and member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). Jamatia served as a member of the Tripura Legislative Assembly in the year 2008 to 2018 from the Ampinagar constituency in South Tripura district. In 2018 Tripura Legislative Assembly election Daniel was defeated by Indigenous Peoples Front of Tripura candidate Sindhu Chandra Jamatia.

Tripura Legislative Assembly
The Tripura Legislative Assembly or Tripura Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Tripura, with 60 Members of the Legislative Assembly. The present Assembly is located in Gurkhabasti. Ujjayanta Palace in Agartala served as the previous meeting place. The tenure of the Assembly is five years unless sooner dissolved. The present Assembly is the 13th Legislative Assembly, where the current speaker of the House is Biswa Bandhu Sen since 24 March 2023. On 15 August 1957, a Territorial Council was formed with 30 elected members and two members nominated by the Government of India.
Anthony Fabian
Anthony Fabian is a British producer, writer and director of feature films, shorts, documentaries, and classical music programmes made through his company, Elysian Films. He is the director of Mrs. Harris Goes to Paris starring Lesley Manville and Isabelle Huppert, released in the US by Focus Features in July 2022 and by Universal Pictures in the rest of the world later in the year. His first feature film, Skin, won 22 international awards. His feature documentary, Good Hope, about the past, present and potential future of South Africa, was released in 2020. He has also worked as music supervisor on a number of feature films, including Restoration, GoldenEye, Schubert and Hilary and Jackie.

Focus Features
Focus Features LLC is an American independent film production and distribution company, owned by Comcast as a unit of Universal Pictures, which is itself a unit of Comcast's division NBCUniversal. Founded in 2002, Focus Features distributes independent and foreign films in the United States and internationally.

In November 2018, The Hollywood Reporter named Focus Features "Distributor of the Year" for its success behind the year's breakout documentary film Won't You Be My Neighbor? and Spike Lee's BlacKkKlansman. The studio's most successful film to date is Downton Abbey, which garnered $194.3 million at the worldwide box office.

Focus Features' films have yielded numerous awards nominations. Its 175 Academy Award nominations include 19 for Best Picture, with 35 Oscar wins across various categories. However, as of 2025, Focus Features ranks as the distributor with the most Best Picture nominations without a win.
Esens
Esens may signify:

Places

Esens, Lower Saxony, a municipality in Lower Saxony, Germany

Esens (Samtgemeinde), a "collective municipality" in Lower Saxony, Germany

People

Hero Oomkens von Esens, a Frisian nobleman (c. 1455 – 1522)

Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, was a Frisian nobleman (died 1540)

Chief Esens or Thomas Little Shell, an Ojibwa chief (-1901)

Tevfik Esenç, the last known speaker of the Ubykh language (1904–1992)

Thomas Little Shell
Thomas Little Shell III (c. 1830 – 1901) (Anishinaabemowin Esens ("Little Shell" or "Little Clam") and recorded as Ase-anse or Es-sence) was a chief of a band of the Ojibwa (Chippewa) tribe in the second half of the nineteenth century, when the Anishinaabeg (Ojibwa peoples) had a vast territory ranging from southwestern Canada into the northern tier of the United States, from the Dakotas and into Montana.
Petra Gelbart
Petra Gelbart (born 1978) is a musicologist, musician, music therapist and human rights defender. Born in former Czechoslovakia, she has lived in the United States since 1988. Mainly active for the human rights of Romani people, she was a curator of the music section for the RomArchive in Berlin, Germany. Active in several Romani organizations since 2000, Gelbart is known both for her research, public speaking and musical performances focusing on the remembrance of the Romani genocide in Europe.

RomArchive
The RomArchive is a digital repository of Romani culture, established in 2015. Fourteen curators organised 5,000 objects, available in English, German and Romani. The archive has won a European Union Prize for Cultural Heritage and a Grimme-Preis.
Jim Dotson
Jim Dotson (born 1977/1978) is an American politician. He has represented part of Benton County, Arkansas in the Arkansas Senate since 2023. Previously, he represented a similar constituency in the Arkansas House of Representatives from 2013 to 2023.

Dotson was born in Bentonville, Arkansas, and attended Northwest Arkansas Community College. In 2013, he was elected for the 93rd district of the Arkansas House of Representatives, assuming office on January 14, 2013. In 2014, Dotson began working as a real estate agent at Gibson Real Estate.

In 2022 he was elected for the 34th district of the Arkansas Senate, defeating Peter Christie, mayor of Bella Vista, Arkansas, in the Republican primary, and Libertarian Jean Pierre DeVilliers in the general election.

Libertarian Party of Arkansas
The Libertarian Party of Arkansas (LPAR) is the Arkansas affiliate of the national Libertarian Party (LP). In the 2010s the party saw increased support in federal races due to a lack of Democratic candidates contesting those races.
Chevron B4
The Chevron B4 was the second sports racing car to be developed and built by British manufacturer Chevron, in 1966. It was designed by British engineer, Derek Bennett. It was powered by a naturally-aspirated BMW M10 four-cylinder engine. Over its racing career, spanning two years, it only managed to score one class win, with its best race result being a 4th-place finish. Only one single model was built.

Naturally aspirated engine
A naturally aspirated engine, also known as a normally aspirated engine, and abbreviated to N/A or NA, is an internal combustion engine in which air intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and does not have forced induction through a turbocharger or a supercharger.
Aline Archimbaud
Aline Archimbaud (born 2 November 1948) is a French politician. She is a member of the French Senate who represents the department of Seine-Saint-Denis. She is a member of the Écologistes !.

She was born in Belfort. Archimbaud was elected to the European Parliament in 1992 and served until 1994 as a member of The Green Group in the European Parliament. She was elected to the French senate on 2 September 2011.

Belfort
Belfort (French pronunciation: [bɛlfɔʁ] ⓘ; archaic German: Beffert, Beffort; Frainc-Comtou: Béfoûe) is a city in northeastern France, situated approximately 25 km (16 mi) from the Swiss border. It is the prefecture of the Territoire de Belfort.

Belfort is 400 km (250 mi) from Paris and 55 km (34 mi) from Basel. The residents of the city are called "Belfortains". The city is located on the river Savoureuse, on a strategically important natural route between the Rhine and the Rhône – the Belfort Gap (Trouée de Belfort) or Burgundian Gate (Porte de Bourgogne). It is located approximately 16 km (10 mi) south from the base of the Ballon d'Alsace mountain range, source of the Savoureuse. The city of Belfort has 46,443 inhabitants (2019). Belfort is the centre of a larger functional area (metropolitan area) with 133,597 inhabitants (2018), between the larger metropolitan areas of Mulhouse and Montbéliard.