hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1953 Lang by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Lang on 29 August 1953, following the death of Labor MP Dan Mulcahy. It was held on the same day as a by-election for the seat of Corangamite

The Democratic Party of Australia endorsed Thomas Brosnan as its candidate, however he was disendorsed after the close of nominations as he had not been a resident of Australia for three years.

The by-election was won by Labor candidate Frank Stewart.

Frank Stewart
Francis Eugene Stewart (20 February 1923 – 16 April 1979) was an Australian  politician. He was a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and served as Minister for Tourism and Recreation in the Whitlam government from 1973 to 1975. He was a member of the House of Representatives representing Lang from 1953 to 1977 and subsequently Grayndler from 1977 until his death in 1979.
Kurvingrad
Kurvingrad (Serbian Cyrillic: Курвинград, lit. "Whoretown") or Koprijan (Копријан), is a ruined fortress which sits above the town of Doljevac on the South Morava river, 11 km south of the town of Niš. The ruins are all that remain of the medieval town of Koprijan from the time of Classical antiquity; the fortress is over a thousand years old. Today, fortifications remain, but have not been substantially studied.

Tower
A tower is a tall structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting structures.

Towers are specifically distinguished from buildings in that they are built not to be habitable but to serve other functions using the height of the tower. For example, the height of a clock tower improves the visibility of the clock, and the height of a tower in a fortified building such as a castle increases the visibility of the surroundings for defensive purposes. Towers may also be built for observation, leisure, or telecommunication purposes. A tower can stand alone or be supported by adjacent buildings, or it may be a feature on top of a larger structure or building.
Fruit and Nut (film)
Fruit and Nut is a 2009 Indian comedy film directed by comedian Kunal Vijaykar starring Boman Irani, Cyrus Broacha, Dia Mirza and Mahesh Manjrekar. The film was produced and distributed by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures, and was released on 23 October 2009.

Viacom18 Studios
Viacom18 Studios was an Indian film distribution and production company. It was a subsidiary of JioStar, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Viacom18 and Disney India. Based in Mumbai, it was one of the first studio model based motion picture & content production business in India, with an operation that involves acquisition, production, syndication, marketing and worldwide distribution of full-length feature films as well as digital only films, web series, short films.

Due to Viacom being one of the partners in the company at that time, they also distribute films from Paramount Pictures in India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka since 2011, starting with Transformers: Dark of the Moon.

Following the merger of Viacom18 and Disney Star, the company was merged with Star Studios, Disney Star's production company, to form Star Studio18.
Gymnastics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's vault
The men's vault competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics was held at Earls Court Exhibition Centre on 12 and 13 August. It was the seventh appearance of the event. There were 120 competitors from 16 nations, with each nation sending a team of up to 8 gymnasts. The event was won by Paavo Aaltonen of Finland with fellow Finn Olavi Rove finishing second; the medals were the nation's first in the men's vault. There was a three-way tie for third place resulting in three bronze medals being awarded to János Mogyorósi-Klencs and Ferenc Pataki of Hungary and Leo Sotorník of Czechoslovakia.

Leo Sotorník
Leo Sotorník (11 April 1926 – 14 March 1998) was a Czech gymnast who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics and in the 1952 Summer Olympics, as well as the 1950 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships and 1954 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships.
Caledonia Gladiators (women)
The Caledonia Gladiators are a professional women's basketball team based in East Kilbride, Scotland. Formerly known as Caledonia Pride, they are the first and currently only women's professional basketball team in Scotland, competing in the Super League Basketball.

Women's basketball
Women's basketball is the team sport of basketball played by women. It was first played in 1892, one year after men's basketball, at Smith College in Massachusetts. It spread across the United States, in large parts via women's college competitions, and has since spread globally. As of 2020, basketball is one of the most popular and fastest growing sports in the world.

There are multiple professional leagues and tournaments for professional women basketball players. The main North American league is the WNBA. The FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup and Women's Olympic Basketball Tournament feature top national teams from continental championships. In the US, the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship is also popular. The strongest European women's basketball clubs participate in the EuroLeague Women.
Everlasting Moments
Everlasting Moments (Swedish: Maria Larssons eviga ögonblick, lit. 'Maria Larsson's Eternal Moment') is a 2008 Swedish drama film directed by Jan Troell, starring Maria Heiskanen, Mikael Persbrandt and Jesper Christensen. It is based on the true story of Maria Larsson, a Swedish working class woman in the early 20th century, who wins a camera in a lottery and goes on to become a photographer. It has been compared to Troell's previous films Here's Your Life and As White as in Snow, which are both set around the same period.

The film won the Guldbagge Award for Best Film and was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the 66th Golden Globe Awards. It also made the January shortlist for Best Foreign Language Film at the 81st Academy Awards, but it was not selected as one of the final nominees.

66th Golden Globes
The 66th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film and television of 2008, was broadcast on January 11, 2009, from the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, United States on the NBC television network. The broadcast was watched by approximately 14.6 million viewers with a rating of 4.9/12. The ceremony returned after the previous year's ceremony was canceled due to the Writers Guild of America strike. The nominations were announced on December 12, 2008.
NBA G League Ignite
The NBA G League Ignite was a developmental basketball team in the NBA G League. Originally based in Walnut Creek, California, with home games planned to have been played at the Ultimate Fieldhouse for their first two seasons before moving to Henderson, Nevada for their final two seasons of existence, the team was designed to play exhibition games outside the G League's traditional scheduling as part of a one-year development program for elite National Basketball Association (NBA) prospects. Unlike other NBA G League rosters, its roster was primarily made up of both talented young prospects and veteran players meant to guide the younger prospects. The NBA G League Ignite was created on April 16, 2020, and was touted as an alternative to college basketball at the time, offering the young prospects salaries of up to $500,000 for time spent with them at a time when an average G League contract would be of lesser value by comparison.

Raptors 905
The Raptors 905 are a Canadian professional basketball team in the NBA G League based in Mississauga, and are affiliated with the Toronto Raptors. Raptors 905 began play in the 2015–16 season and play their home games at Paramount Fine Foods Centre, replacing the centre's former basketball tenant, the Mississauga Power of the National Basketball League of Canada. The team regularly plays approximately 2 to 4 home games at the Scotiabank Arena, the home of their parent club, the Toronto Raptors. The Raptors 905 is the eighth NBA G League team to be owned by an NBA team and the first NBA G League team to be located outside of the United States.

The name "905" refers to the local area code of the suburban Greater Toronto Area, and is a common shorthand referring to the suburbs surrounding Toronto.
Andrew G. Morrow
Andrew G. Morrow  (1922 – 12 August 1982) was an American cardiac surgeon. He was the chief of surgery at the National Heart Institute, who established the septal myectomy operation for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). In 1960 he was part of the team that performed the first successful human mitral valve replacement using Nina Starr Braunwald's design.

Morrow is named in the cardiac sign Brockenbrough-Braunwald-Morrow sign. His procedure for correcting HCM became known as the Morrow operation.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) is the third largest Institute of the National Institutes of Health, located in Bethesda, Maryland, United States. It is tasked with allocating about $3.6 billion in FY 2020 in tax revenue to advancing the understanding of the following issues: development and progression of disease, diagnosis of disease, treatment of disease, disease prevention, reduction of health care disparities within the American population, and advancing the effectiveness of the US medical system. NHLBI's Director is Gary H. Gibbons (2012–present).
Lubomia
Lubomia [luˈbɔmja] is a village and the seat of Gmina Lubomia, Wodzisław County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland near the Czech border.

Within its borders, it contains the Wielikąt Nature Reserve, an Important Bird Area, as well as part of the Natura 2000 Network.

Natura 2000
Natura 2000 is a network of nature protection areas in the territory of the European Union. It is made up of Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas designated under the Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive, respectively. The network includes both terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas.

The Natura 2000 network covered more than 18% of the European Union's land area and more than 7% of its marine area in 2022.
Inferior labial artery
The inferior labial artery (inferior labial branch of facial artery) arises near the angle of the mouth as a branch of the facial artery; it passes upward and forward beneath the triangularis and, penetrating the orbicularis oris, runs in a tortuous course along the edge of the lower lip between this muscle and the mucous membrane.

It supplies the labial glands, the mucous membrane, and the muscles of the lower lip; and anastomoses with the artery of the opposite side, and with the mental branch of the inferior alveolar artery.

Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue known as the lamina propria. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, eyelids, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, the genital areas, the urethral opening and the anus. Some mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid. The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated.

Amphibians, fish, snails, slugs, and some other invertebrates also produce external mucus from their epidermis as protection against pathogens, to help in movement, and to line fish gills. Plants produce a similar substance called mucilage that is also produced by some microorganisms.
Drigh Lake
Drigh Lake (Urdu: ڈرگ جھیل) is a Ramsar wetland site situated in Qambar Shahdadkot District in Sindh, Pakistan. The lake lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) from Larkana city and 7 kilometres (4 mi) from Qambar town. The area was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1972 and was designated as an important wetland site under the Ramsar convention in 1976.

The lake has a surface area of 164 hectares (410 acres) and the running length of the lake from north to south is about 4 miles.

Larkana
Larkana (Sindhi: لاڙڪانو‎, romanized: lāṛkāṇō; Urdu: لاڑکانہ, romanized: lāṛkāna) is a city located in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is the 15th largest city of Pakistan by population. It is home to the Indus Valley civilization site Mohenjo-daro. The historic Indus River flows in east and south of the city.

The city is located within Larkana District. Formerly known as Chandka, Larkana is located on the south bank of the Ghar canal, about 40 miles (64 km) south of the town Shikarpur, and 36 miles (58 km) northeast of Mehar. With a population of 551,716 in the 2023 Census of Pakistan, it is the 4th most populated city of Sindh province (after Karachi, Hyderabad, and Sukkur), and the 19th most populated city in PAKISTAN.
Ujazdów Castle
Ujazdów Castle ([ujazduv], Polish: Zamek Ujazdowski) is a castle in the historic Ujazdów district, between Ujazdów Park (Park Ujazdowski) and the Royal Baths Park (Łazienki Królewskie), in Warsaw, Poland.

Its beginnings date to the 13th century, and it was rebuilt several times. Like many structures in Warsaw, it sustained much damage in the Warsaw Uprising (1944). Reconstructed 30 years later (1974), it now houses Warsaw's Center for Contemporary Art.

Jan Zamoyski
Jan Sariusz Zamoyski (Latin: Ioannes Zamoyski de Zamoscie; 19 March 1542 – 3 June 1605) was a Polish nobleman, magnate, statesman and the 1st ordynat of Zamość. He served as the Royal Secretary from 1565, Deputy Chancellor from 1576, Grand Chancellor of the Crown from 1578, and Great Hetman of the Crown from 1581.

Zamoyski was the General Starost of the city of Kraków from 1580 to 1585, Starost of Bełz, Międzyrzecz, Krzeszów, Knyszyn and Tartu. An important advisor to Kings Sigismund II Augustus and Stephen Báthory, he was one of the major opponents of Bathory's successor, Sigismund III Vasa, and one of the most skilled diplomats, politicians and statesmen of his time, standing as a major figure in the politics of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth throughout his life.
Parisi v. Davidson
Parisi v. Davidson, 405 U.S. 34 (1972), was a United States Supreme Court case resulting in the grant of habeas corpus relief to a soldier, Joseph Parisi, seeking an honorable discharge as a conscientious objector. The case was argued on October 19 and 20, 1971, and decided on February 23, 1972. The respondent was then Major General Phillip B. Davidson.

Parisi had brought a petition to Federal District Court that the Army's refusal to discharge him constituted habeas corpus – that in effect he was being unlawfully imprisoned. As a result, court-martial charges were brought against him by the Army. The Federal District Court and Court of Appeals concluded that consideration of his petition should be deferred pending the result of the court-martial. The Supreme Court decision overturned this, freeing the District Court to consider his petition.

Military discharge
A military discharge is given when a member of the armed forces is released from their obligation to serve. Each country's military has different types of discharge. They are generally based on whether the persons completed their training and then fully and satisfactorily completed their term of service. Other types of discharge are based on factors such as the quality of their service, whether their service had to be ended prematurely due to humanitarian or medical reasons, whether they had been found to have drug or alcohol dependency issues and whether they were complying with treatment and counseling, and whether they had demerits or punishments for infractions or were convicted of any crimes. These factors affect whether they will be asked or allowed to re-enlist and whether they qualify for benefits after their discharge.
Lost and Found (Delerium song)
"Lost and Found" is the second single from Delerium's album Nuages du Monde featuring singer Jaël. She was previously featured on their single After All. 
"Lost and Found" was released only as a promotional single in 2007, but reached number four on the Hot Dance Club Play chart as of the week ending August 25, 2007.

Remixes were made by DJ Dan, Blank & Jones, Jaded Alliance and Niels van Gogh vs. Eniac.

A music video was also directed by Stephen Scott and released. Jaëll appears in the video.

Niels van Gogh
Niels van Gogh is a DJ and producer from Augsburg. He is best known for his 1998 single "Pulverturm" which achieved gold in Belgium and South Africa and reached the Top 20 of French and Dutch Billboard charts.
Jadey Duffield
Jadey Duffield (born 15 February 1991) is a British actress, producer and screenwriter.  Duffield rose to prominence for her role as Lara Darwin in feature film C.O.O.L.I.O (2014). Since then, Duffield has acted in various films, including Guardians of the Galaxy (2014), produced by Marvel Studios, The Huntsman: Winter's War (2016), starring Chris Hemsworth, Charlize Theron, Emily Blunt and Jessica Chastain, and Ready Player One (2018), produced and directed by Steven Spielberg, starring Tye Sheridan, Olivia Cooke, Ben Mendelsohn, Lena Waithe, T.J. Miller, Simon Pegg, and Mark Rylance.

T.J. Miller
Todd Joseph Miller (born June 4, 1981) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter. He played Erlich Bachman in the HBO sitcom Silicon Valley (2014–2017) and the Marvel Comics  character Weasel in the superhero comedy film Deadpool (2016) and its 2018 sequel.

Miller took supporting roles in comedies such as Yogi Bear (2010), Seeking a Friend for the End of the World (2012), and Goon: Last of the Enforcers (2017) as well in action films such as Unstoppable (2010), Transformers: Age of Extinction (2014), Ready Player One (2018), and Underwater (2020). He also voiced characters in the How to Train Your Dragon films (2010–2014) and the television series DreamWorks Dragons (2012–2018), as well as Big Hero 6 (2014) and The Emoji Movie (2017).
Hypoptophis
Common names: African bighead snake, wedge-snouted burrowing snake.

Hypoptophis is a monotypic genus created for the rear-fanged (opisthoglyphous) mildly venomous snake species, Hypoptophis wilsonii. The species, which is endemic to Africa, is in the subfamily Aparallactinae of the family Atractaspididae. There are no subspecies that are recognized as being valid.

Venomous snake
Venomous snakes are species of the suborder Serpentes that are capable of producing venom, which they use for killing prey, for defense, and to assist with digestion of their prey. The venom is typically delivered by injection using hollow or grooved fangs, although some venomous snakes lack well-developed fangs. Common venomous snakes include the families Elapidae, Viperidae, Atractaspididae, and some of the Colubridae. The toxicity of venom is mainly indicated by murine LD50, while multiple factors are considered to judge the potential danger to humans. Other important factors for risk assessment include the likelihood that a snake will bite, the quantity of venom delivered with the bite, the efficiency of the delivery mechanism, and the location of a bite on the body of the victim. Snake venom may have both neurotoxic and hemotoxic properties. There are about 600 venomous snake species in the world.
Juayúa
Juayúa is a city and municipality in the Sonsonate department of El Salvador. It is a small town up in the mountains, founded in 1577. Juayua is located in the western part of El Salvador, about 50 miles (80 kilometers) from San Salvador.

Municipalities of El Salvador
The municipalities of El Salvador (Spanish: municipios) are the second-level administrative divisions within the Republic of El Salvador. These municipalities divide the country's departments and serve as the fundamental administrative units of local government.
Ruth Willis
Ruth Willis (born 6 March 1989) is a Scottish cricketer. In July 2018, she was named in Scotland's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 Qualifier tournament. She made her Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I)  debut for Scotland against Thailand in the World Twenty20 Qualifier on 10 July 2018.

In May 2019, she was named in Scotland's squad for the 2019 ICC Women's Qualifier Europe tournament in Spain. In August 2019, she was named in Scotland's squad for the 2019 ICC Women's World Twenty20 Qualifier tournament in Scotland.

Thailand women's national cricket team
The Thailand women's national cricket team represents Thailand in international women's cricket matches. Thailand is one of the strongest associate teams in women's international cricket and has been ranked as high as tenth in the ICC Women's T20I rankings.

A member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1995, Thailand's women team made their international debut when they played, and lost, two matches against Bangladesh in July 2007. The team hosted and won the 2013 ACC Women's Championship to qualify for its first ICC global tournament, the 2013 World Twenty20 Qualifier. Thailand was runner-up at the 2019 edition of the tournament and qualified for the 2020 ICC Women's T20 World Cup in Australia, the first appearance by Thailand in any cricket world championship. The team was awarded women's One Day International (ODI) status in 2022 and received their first ODI Ranking in November 2022.
Pua Kumbu
Pua Kumbu is a traditional patterned multi-coloured ceremonial cotton clothing created and occasionally worn by the Iban people of Sarawak in  Malaysia, West Kalimantan of Indonesia, and Brunei during varieties of the ethnic festive such as Gawai and other Dayak celebrations. It is a sacred cloth among the Dayaks especially the female community, with any Pua Kumbu that was made may tell a weaver's personal story or a mythological tale which represents the purpose for which it has been woven.

Ceremonial dress
Ceremonial dress is clothing worn for very special occasions, such as coronations, graduations, parades, religious rites, trials and other important events. In the western dress code hierarchy of dress codes, ceremonial dress is often considered one of the most formal, in other cultures ceremonial dresses vary widely having entirely different meanings, and styles.
Howard Post
Howard Post (November 2, 1926 – May 21, 2010) was an American animator, cartoonist, and comic strip and  comic book writer-artist.

Post is known for his syndicated newspaper comic strip The Dropouts which had a 13-year run and for creating DC Comics' Anthro.

Glossary of comics terminology
Comics has developed specialized terminology. Several attempts have been made to formalize and define the terminology of comics by authors such as Will Eisner, Scott McCloud, R. C. Harvey and Dylan Horrocks. Much of the terminology in English is under dispute, so this page will list and describe the most common terms used in comics.
Glenn McLeay
Glenn McLeay (born 14 August 1968) is a cyclist from New Zealand.

At the 1990 Commonwealth Games at Auckland he won a gold medal in the 4000m team pursuit, and came 9th in the 10 mile track pursuit.

At the 1992 Summer Olympics at Barcelona he came 4th in the points race and 7th in the 4000m team pursuit.

At the 1994 Commonwealth Games  he won a silver medal in the 10 mile race, came 4th in the 4000m team pursuit, and came 4th in the points race.

At the 1996 Summer Olympics at Atlanta he came 9th in the points race.

New Zealand at the 1992 Summer Olympics
New Zealand competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. The New Zealand Olympic Committee was represented by 134 athletes and 70 officials. 134 competitors, 92 men and 42 women, took part in 87 events in 17 sports. Ralph Roberts was the team's Chef de Mission.