hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Keith Mitchell (American football)
Carlence Marquis "Keith" Mitchell (born July 24, 1974) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for the New Orleans Saints, the Houston Texans and the Jacksonville Jaguars between 1997 and 2003. He played college football for the Texas A&M Aggies.

Texas A&M Aggies football
The Texas A&M Aggies football program represents Texas A&M University in the sport of American football.  The Aggies compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).  Texas A&M football claims three national titles and 18 conference titles. The team plays all home games at Kyle Field, a 102,733-person capacity outdoor stadium on the university campus.
Soyuz TM-13
Soyuz TM-13 was the 13th expedition to the Mir space station. Launched from the Soviet Union in October 1991 and lasting until March 1992, the mission included cosmonauts from Austria and the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (Kazakh SSR), the latter of which became an independent state during the mission due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991. The launch ceremony at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Baikonur, Kazakh SSR was attended by the Soviet Premier Ivan Silaev, the President of the Kazakh SSR Nursultan Nazarbayev, and the Chancellor of Austria Franz Vranitzky. Before the launch, for the first time, President Nazarbayev received the launch report from cosmonaut Tokhtar Aubakirov in the Kazakh language.

Baikonur
Baikonur is a city in Kazakhstan on the northern bank of the Syr Darya river. It is currently leased and administered by the Russian Federation as an enclave until 2050. It was constructed to serve the Baikonur Cosmodrome with administrative offices and employee housing. During the Soviet period, the town was known as Leninsk, and was sometimes referred to as Zvezdograd (Russian: Звездоград, lit. 'Star City'). It was officially renamed Baikonur by Russian president Boris Yeltsin on December 20, 1995.

The Russian controlled area is an ellipse measuring 90 kilometres (56 mi) east to west by 85 km (53 mi) north to south, with the cosmodrome situated at the area's centre.

Foreign visitors and tourists can visit the cosmodrome and city but need to obtain a specific permit from Roscosmos.
Forest Paper Company
Forest Paper Company was a pulp and paper mill on the Royal River in Yarmouth, Maine, United States, which was in business between 1874 and 1923. It was the first of its kind in New England. In 1909, it was the largest such mill in the world, employing 275 people. It produced 80 tons of poplar pulp each day.

Paper mill
A paper mill is a factory devoted to making paper from vegetable fibres such as wood pulp, old rags, and other ingredients. Prior to the invention and adoption of the Fourdrinier machine and other types of paper machine that use an endless belt, all paper in a paper mill was made by hand, one sheet at a time, by specialized laborers.
Panguipulli Lake
The Panguipulli Lake (/ˌpæŋɡiˈpuːji/ PANG-gee-POO-yee; Spanish: Lago Panguipulli) is one of the "Seven Lakes" in Panguipulli municipality, southern Chile. The lake is of glacial origin and it is enclosed by mountain ranges of the Andes, on all sides except the west, where the town of Panguipulli lies in the Chilean Central Valley. The lake is drained by the Enco River that flows south to Riñihue Lake.

Deposits near the lake originate in the middle to late Triassic ages.

Chilean Central Valley
The Central Valley (Spanish: Valle Central), Intermediate Depression, or Longitudinal Valley is the depression running north to south between the Chilean Coastal Range and the Andes Mountains. The Chilean Central Valley extends from the border with Peru to Puerto Montt in southern Chile, with a notable interruption at Norte Chico (27°20'–33°00' S). South of Puerto Montt, the valley has a continuation as a series of marine basins up to the isthmus of Ofqui. Some of Chile's most populous cities lie within the valley including Santiago, Temuco, Rancagua, Talca and Chillán.
2023 Koser Jewelers Tennis Challenge – Doubles
Sophie Chang and Anna Danilina were the defending champions but Danilina chose to compete at the 2023 National Bank Open instead. Chang partnered alongside Yulia Starodubtseva, and won the tournament after Olivia Gadecki and Mai Hontama withdrew from the final.

Yuliia Starodubtseva
Yuliia Volodymyrivna Starodubtseva (Ukrainian: Юлія Володимирівна Стародубцева; born 17 February 2000) is a Ukrainian tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 63, achieved on 11 August 2025, by the WTA, and peaked at No. 144 in the WTA doubles rankings on 9 May 2024.

Starodubtseva has won four singles titles and three doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

She played college tennis at Old Dominion University.
Chi-Sound Records
Chi-Sound Records is an independent record label set up in 1976 by established Chicago record producer Carl Davis.  He had been involved in the music industry since the early 1960s working with locally based record labels, including Vee-Jay and Okeh, a subsidiary of the major Columbia Records. He produced the number one hit by Gene Chandler, "Duke of Earl" for Vee-Jay. Later, as A&R chief for Okeh, he produced a run of hits with writer/singer Curtis Mayfield, for another Chicago artist, Major Lance, including "The Monkey Time" and "Um, Um, Um, Um, Um, Um". Davis left Okeh after it was merged with Epic Records in a dispute with Epic management over side projects outside Epic/Okeh.

Major Lance
Major Lance (April 4, 1939, – September 3, 1994) was an American R&B singer. After a number of US hits in the 1960s, including "The Monkey Time" and "Um, Um, Um, Um, Um, Um", he became an iconic figure in Britain in the 1970s among followers of Northern Soul. Although he stopped making records in 1982, Major Lance continued to perform at concerts and on tours until his death in 1994. His daughter, Keisha Lance Bottoms, was the 60th mayor of Atlanta.
Masterbike
Masterbike is a contest held on an annual basis to determine the best sport bikes of the year. Motociclismo, a Spanish sport bike magazine, invites cooperating magazines from all over the world (In Moto and Motosprint for Italy, Motociclismo Spain, Motociclismo Brazil, Motorrad, PS, Kickstart, MCN, Australian MCN, Cycle World, Motosprint, In Moto, Moto, Motociclismo Mexico, Motociclismo Portugal, Bike, Bike India, and Motorcyclist) and motorcycle manufacturers as well to join this pure racetrack comparison test. Categories are broken into Supersport, Superbike, and Maxisport. Winners are determined by a rating that is the attribution of the score for the best lap time overall (40%), the fastest lap set for each rider (40%) and the individual rating by each rider (20%). Only the winners of Supersport, Superbike and Maxisport class reach the final comparison where an overall Masterbike winner is chosen for the year.

Cycle World
Cycle World is a motorcycling magazine in the United States. It was founded in 1962 by Joe Parkhurst, who was inducted to the Motorcycle Hall of Fame as "the person responsible for bringing a new era of objective journalism" to the US. As of 2001 Cycle World was the largest motorcycling magazine in the world. The magazine is headquartered in Irvine, California. Regular contributors include Peter Egan and Nick Ienatsch. Previous or occasional contributors have included gonzo journalist and author Hunter S. Thompson, journalist and correspondent Henry N. Manney III, and professional riding coach Ken Hill.
Lessons (album)
Lessons is the fifth studio album by American hip hop duo Capone-N-Noreaga. The album was released on July 24, 2015, by Thugged Out Militainment and Penalty Records. The album features guest appearances from fellow American rappers Tragedy Khadafi, Royal Flush, The LOX and Raekwon. The album includes production from American record producers Ayatollah, Jahlil Beats, Large Professor, Scram Jones and Statik Selektah, among others.

Statik Selektah
Patrick Owen Baril (born January 23, 1982), known professionally as Statik Selektah, is an American DJ and record producer from Boston, Massachusetts. He is also the founder of Showoff Records. In 2010, he formed the hip hop group 1982, alongside American rapper Termanology. He has resided in New York City since 2004.
Nozad Saleh Rifaat
Nozad Saleh Rifaat (Kurdish: نەوزاد ساڵح ڕەفعەت; Arabic: نوزاد صالح رفعت; also transliterated Nawzad Saleh Rifaat) is an Iraqi Kurdish physician and politician. A member of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, he served as Minister of Health of the Kurdistan Regional Government and as chair of the Parliamentary Health and Environment Committee in the Council of Representatives of Iraq representing the Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan in the 2005 elections.

Government of the Kurdistan Region
The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) is the official executive body of the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq.

The cabinet is selected by the majority party or list who also select the prime minister of the Iraqi Kurdish polity. The president is directly elected by the electorate of the region and is the head of the cabinet and chief of state who delegates executive powers to the cabinet. The prime minister is traditionally the head of the legislative body but also shares executive powers with the president. The President of Kurdistan Region is also the commander-in-chief of the Peshmerga.
FSP Festival
Freaky Summer Party Festival is an annual two-day music festival with street food, art installations and entertainment spots. The following platforms are represented at the festival: Edutainment, Kidsters, Jam Market, Food Court, Blogeria. Citizens of nearby countries and Europe visit the festival. More than 240 musicians from 20 countries have performed on the festival stage.

Educational entertainment
Educational entertainment, also referred to by the portmanteau edutainment, is media designed to educate through entertainment. The term has been used as early as 1933. Most often it includes content intended to teach but has incidental entertainment value. It has been used by academia, corporations, governments, and other entities in various countries to disseminate information in classrooms and/or via television, radio, and other media to influence viewers' opinions and behaviors.
Ordo amoris
Ordo amoris (Latin for "order of love") is a concept in Catholic theology concerned with the proper ordering of Christian love. It is sometimes conflated with the related ordo caritatis (Latin for "order of charity".)

Deriving from the Augustinian works The City of God and On Christian Doctrine, and expanded upon by Thomas Aquinas in Summa Theologica, the concept has been interpreted as establishing an interconnected hierarchy in terms of which "special regard" is to be paid to those persons who, "by the accidents of time, or place, or circumstance, are brought into closer connection" with the Christian individual. In modern philosophy, ordo amoris has primarily been associated with the German philosopher Max Scheler and his work on emotional life.

The City of God
On the City of God Against the Pagans (Latin: De civitate Dei contra paganos), often called The City of God, is a book of Christian philosophy written in Latin by Augustine of Hippo in the early 5th century AD. Augustine wrote the book to refute allegations that Christianity initiated the decline of Rome and is considered one of his seminal works, standing alongside the Confessions, the Enchiridion, On Christian Doctrine, and On the Trinity. As a work of one of the most influential Church Fathers, The City of God is a cornerstone of Western thought, expounding on many questions of theology, such as the suffering of the righteous, the existence of evil, the conflict between free will and divine omniscience, and the doctrine of original sin.
Raphael Carl Lee
Raphael Lee (born 1949) is an American surgeon, biomedical engineer and inventor. He is the Paul and Allene Russell Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus at the University of Chicago  and Director of Renacyte BioMolecular Technologies, Inc.

Lewis Katz School of Medicine
The Lewis Katz School of Medicine (LKSOM) is located on the Health Science Campus of Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is one of seven schools of medicine in Pennsylvania that confers the Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. It also confers Ph.D and M.S. degrees in biomedical science, and offers a Narrative Medicine program.

In July 2014, Lewis Katz School of Medicine's scientists became the first to remove HIV from human cells. As of 2015, Temple University's Fox Chase Cancer Center is ranked the ninth-best hospital for adult cancer by U.S. News & World Report. In 2024, LKSOM received 12,939 applications for a class of 221 students, ranking eighth in number of applicants among the 158 MD schools in the United States.
Caulfield Cup
The Caulfield Cup is a Melbourne Racing Club Group 1 Thoroughbred horse race held under handicap conditions. 
This is for all horses aged three years old and older. It takes place over a distance of 2400 metres at the Caulfield Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia in mid October. The prize money is A$5,000,000.

Handicap (horse racing)
A handicap race in horse racing is a race in which each horse is assigned a specific weight to carry, determined by its past performance and perceived ability. Stronger horses carry more weight, while less accomplished ones carry less. This system aims to equalize the chances of all horses in the race.

The skill in betting on a handicap race lies in predicting which horse can overcome its handicap. Although most handicap races are run for older, less valuable horses with less prize money, this is not true in all cases; some prestigious races are handicaps, such as the Grand National steeplechase, Betfair Stayers' Handicap Hurdle in the UK and the Melbourne Cup in Australia. In the United States, over 30 handicap races are classified as Grade I, the top level of the North American grading system.
Heiman
Heiman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adolphus Heiman (1809–1862), Prussian-born American architect

Daniel Heiman, musician

Jesse Heiman (born 1978), American actor

Julia Heiman, American sexologist and psychologist

Levi Heimans (born 1985), Dutch track cyclist

Louise Henry (actress) (born Jessie Louise Heiman, 1911–1967), American film actress

Michal Heiman (born 1954), Israeli artist

Nachum Heiman, composer of songs and musics of films

Shlomo Heiman (1892–1945), Rabbi

Susan Heiman, a Miss Missouri

Walter Heiman (1901–2007), one of the last surviving veteran of the First World War

Levi Heimans
Levi Heimans (born 24 July 1985 in Diemen, North Holland) is a Dutch track cyclist.

Heimans represented the Netherlands at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens where he took part in the 4 km team pursuit together with Jens Mouris, Peter Schep and Jeroen Straathof. They ended up in fifth position. He was also qualified for the individual pursuit but decided to focus totally on the team effort and did not start in that race.  He competed in the same event at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics, finishing 5th again and then 7th.
Ryan Switzer
Ryan Switzer (born November 4, 1994) is an American football coach and former professional football player who most recently was the wide receivers coach and passing game coordinator for the Tulsa Golden Hurricane. He previously played as a wide receiver and punt returner in the National Football League (NFL) for five seasons. He played college football for the North Carolina Tar Heels, twice earning first-team All-American honors. Switzer was selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the fourth round (133rd overall) of the 2017 NFL draft. He was also a member of the Pittsburgh Steelers, and Cleveland Browns.

Return specialist
A return specialist, subcategorized as kick or punt returners, is a player on the special teams unit of a gridiron football team who specializes in returning kickoffs and punts. There are few players who are exclusively return specialists; most also play another position such as wide receiver, cornerback, or running back. The special teams counterpart of a return specialist is a kicking specialist.

According to All-American Venric Mark, "Returning punts is harder. You have to judge the ball more, you have to know when to fair catch and when not to. You can't be a superhero and try to catch everything. With kickoff returns, you catch the ball and—boom—you're going."
Gordon Swinney
Gordon Robert Swinney (born 4 January 1974) is a former English cricketer.  Swinney was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break.  He was born at Bath, Somerset.

Swinney first played county cricket for Wiltshire during the 1995 season.  He played 2 Minor Counties Championship matches for the county against Wales Minor Counties and Herefordshire. He also represented the county in a single MCCA Knockout Trophy match against Cambridgeshire.

Swinney later represented the Somerset Cricket Board in a single List A match against Bedfordshire in the 2nd round of the 1999 NatWest Trophy. In his only List A match, he scored 59 runs and took a single catch.

Somerset Cricket Board
The Somerset Cricket Board (SCB) is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Somerset, and was established in 1994 under its first Cricket Development Officer Andrew Moulding. Following a restructuring in January 2010, the SCB now operates as a limited company. The current SCB Chairman is Andy Curtis, and the Cricket Development Manager is Andy Fairbairn.

The Somerset Cricket Board competed in the MCCA Knockout Trophy between 1998 and 2002.  They have appeared in five List A matches, making two NatWest Trophy and three Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy appearances.
Robert Spekkens
Robert W. Spekkens is a Canadian theoretical quantum physicist working in the fields of quantum foundations and quantum information.

He is known for his work on epistemic view of quantum states (in particular the Spekkens toy model), quantum contextuality, quantum resource theories and quantum causality.

He co-edited the book Quantum Theory: Informational Foundations and Foils.

Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.
Metalasia compacta
Metalasia compacta is a flowering subshrub that is part of the Asteraceae family. The species is endemic to the Western Cape. The plant occurs on the Cape Peninsula from Kommetjie to Cape Point. The plant is extirpated on the Cape Flats. It grows on slopes and plains at altitudes of 0-700 m and is part of the fynbos.

Kommetjie
Kommetjie (Afrikaans for "small basin," approximately pronounced caw-me-key) is a small town near Cape Town, in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It lies about halfway down the west coast of the Cape Peninsula, at the southern end of the long wide beach that runs northwards towards Chapman's Peak and Noordhoek. The community of Ocean View is located to its immediate south east.

It was founded in 1902 when a consortium of businessmen developed the area as a residential suburb of Cape Town. The town was modernised in the 1960s when electricity and municipal running water was installed.

The area is a popular spot for surfing, since powerful waves from the Atlantic Ocean rise up over rocky reefs formed by hard sandstones of the Table Mountain Group. Wherever the bottom is rocky, the shallower waters are thick with giant kelp forests. Kommetjie is famous for its excellent crayfishing although changes in fishing quotas have drastically reduced the daily catch allowed.
H. H. Wieder
Herman "Harry" Wieder  (4 June 1919 – 6 June 2018) was a Romanian-born American physicist.

He was born Bistrița, Romania, and moved to the United States in 1937. Four years later, Wieder naturalized as an American citizen and joined the army in the midst of World War II, serving with the 2nd Armored Division. After earning a bachelor's degree in applied physics from the University of California, Los Angeles, Wieder worked for the National Bureau of Standards and later the Naval Weapons Center, before moving to the Navy Electronics Laboratory. After a stint at the Naval Ocean Systems Center, Wieder returned to academia, teaching at the University of California, San Diego from 1981 to 1993. Wieder was a fellow of the American Physical Society, as well as the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and American Vacuum Society.

Navy Electronics Laboratory
The U.S. Navy Electronics Laboratory (NEL) was created in 1945, with consolidation of the naval radio station, radar operators training school, and radio security activity of the Navy Radio and Sound Lab (NRSL) and its wartime partner, the University of California Division of War Research. NEL’s charter was “to effectuate the solution of any problem in the field of electronics, in connection with the design, procurement, testing, installation and maintenance of electronic equipment for the U.S. Navy.” Its radio communications and sonar work was augmented with basic research in the propagation of electromagnetic energy in the atmosphere and of sound in the ocean.
Melton Viaduct
Melton Viaduct is a railway viaduct south west of the city of Melton in Victoria, Australia. The 375-metre (1,230 ft) viaduct carries the Serviceton railway line over the valley of the Werribee River, now dammed to create Melton Reservoir. The girder and trestle viaduct was built in 1885 by Victorian Railways to establish a direct rail route between the cities of Melbourne and Ballarat.

The viaduct was listed on the Victorian Heritage Register in 2013.

Victorian Railways
The Victorian Railways (VR), trading from 1974 as VicRail, was the state-owned operator of most rail transport in the Australian state of Victoria from 1859 to 1983. The first railways in Victoria were private companies, but when these companies failed or defaulted, the Victorian Railways was established to take over their operations. Most of the lines operated by the Victorian Railways were of 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm). However, the railways also operated up to five 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge lines between 1898 and 1962, and a 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge line between Albury and Melbourne from 1961.
Prince Imperial Waneun
Prince Imperial Waneun (Korean: 완은군; Hanja: 完恩君; 1 August 1842 – 28 October 1881) was a prince of the Korean Empire and a member of the Joseon period royal family. He was a descendant of Prince Namyeon and an illegitimate son of Heungseon Daewongun and his concubine Kyeseongwol. He was an older half-brother of Gojong of Korea and Prince Imperial Heung, and a half-uncle of Prince Youngsun and Emperor Sunjong of Korea. His personal name was Yi Jae-seon (이재선; 李載先). His Chinese name is unknown.

In 1881, he was implicated in a conspiracy to dethrone Gojong and his queen, and was executed.

Unhyeongung
Unhyeongung (Korean: 운현궁; Hanja: 雲峴宮), also known as Unhyeongung Royal Residence, is a former Korean royal residence located at 114-10 Unni-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul. It was formerly the residence of the Heungseon Daewongun, who served as a prince regent of Joseon Korea in the 19th century and fathered Emperor Gojong. Gojong himself lived in Unhyeongung until age 12, when he assumed the throne. It is currently a museum and is open to the public free of charge.