hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marine Corps Martial Arts Program
The Marine Corps Martial Arts Program (MCMAP, /ˈmɪkmæp/) is a combat system developed by the United States Marine Corps to combine existing and new hand-to-hand and close quarters combat techniques with morale and team-building functions and instruction in the warrior ethos. The program, which began in 2001, trains Marines (and U.S. Navy personnel attached to Marine units) in unarmed combat, edged weapons, weapons of opportunity, and rifle and bayonet techniques.

It also stresses mental and character development, including the responsible use of force, leadership, and teamwork.

Chinese martial arts
Chinese martial arts, commonly referred to with umbrella terms kung fu (/ˈkʌŋ ˈfuː/; Chinese: 功夫; pinyin: gōngfu; Jyutping: gung1 fu1; Cantonese Yale: gūng fū), kuoshu (Chinese: 國術; pinyin: guóshù; Jyutping: gwok3 seot6) or wushu (Chinese: 武術; pinyin: wǔshù; Jyutping: mou5 seot6), are multiple fighting styles that have developed over the centuries in Greater China. These fighting styles are often classified according to common traits, identified as "families" of martial arts. Examples of such traits include Shaolinquan  (少林拳) physical exercises involving Five Animals (五形) mimicry or training methods inspired by Old Chinese philosophies, religions and legends. Styles that focus on qi manipulation are called internal (内家拳; nèijiāquán), while others that concentrate on improving muscle and cardiovascular fitness are called external (外家拳; wàijiāquán). Geographical associations, as in northern (北拳; běiquán) and southern (南拳; nánquán), is another popular classification method.
Alvin J. Salkind
Alvin J. Salkind (/ˈsælkaɪnd/; June 12, 1927 – June 9, 2015) was an American chemical engineer. Salkind is known for writing the seminal texts Alkaline Storage Batteries with S. Uno Falk and making tremendous gains in the area of battery. Among his many scientific contributions, Salkind was the first to build a battery into an x-ray port tracking structure with state of charge. In 2005, Salkind was named to the College of Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering. In 2014, he became a fellow of the Electrochemical Society.

American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
The American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE) is a non-profit organization founded in 1991, and headquartered in Washington, D.C. It represents 50,000 medical and biomedical engineers, and academic institutions, private industry, and professional engineering societies.
Wąsosz, Gmina Końskie
Wąsosz [ˈvɔ̃sɔʂ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Końskie, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Końskie and 31 km (19 mi) north of the regional capital Kielce.

Końskie
Końskie [ˈkɔɲskʲɛ] ⓘ (Yiddish: Kinsk, קינצק / קינסק) is a town in south-central Poland, with 20,328 inhabitants (2008), situated in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Historically, Końskie belongs to the province of Lesser Poland, and since its foundation, until 1795 (see Partitions of Poland), it was part of Lesser Poland's Sandomierz Voivodeship.
Vasily Glukharev
Vasily Glukharev (born 15 April 1980) is a Russian ski orienteer. He competed at the 2004 World Ski Orienteering Championships, where he placed 10th in the middle distance, and participated on the Russian relay team. The Russian team consisted of Glukharev, Andrei Gruzdev, Ruslan Gritsan and Eduard Khrennikov, winning gold medals ahead of the Norwegian team.

World Ski Orienteering Championships
The World Ski Orienteering Championships (WSOC) is the official event to award the titles of World Champions in ski orienteering. The World Championships is organized every odd year. The programme includes Sprint, Middle and Long Distance competitions, and a Relay for both men and women. The first WSOC was held in 1975.
Milosav Jelić
Milosav Jelić (Skobalj (Smederevo), Kingdom of Serbia, 13 March 1883 – Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 6 July 1947) was a Serbian chetnik active in Old Serbia and Macedonia. He was also a writer, war poet and one of the leading Belgrade journalists at the daily newspaper Politika before World War II.

Old Serbia
Old Serbia (Serbian: Стара Србија, romanized: Stara Srbija) is a Serbian historiographical term that is used to describe the territory that according to the dominant school of Serbian historiography in the late 19th century formed the core of the Serbian Empire in 1346–71.

The term does not refer to a defined region but over time in the late 19th century and the first decade of the 20th century it came to include the regions of Raška, Kosovo and Metohija and much of modern North Macedonia. The term Old Serbians (Serbian: Старосрбијанци, romanized: Starosrbijanci) were used as designations by Serb authors and later governments for Slavic populations from regions such as Vardar Macedonia. In modern historiography, the concept of Old Serbia as it developed in the 19th century has been criticised as a historical myth, based often on invented or tendentiously interpreted historical events.
2017 West Coast Conference baseball tournament
The 2017 West Coast Conference baseball tournament was held from May 25 through 27, 2017 at Banner Island Ballpark in Stockton, California. BYU won the four team, double-elimination tournament and earned the league's automatic bid to the 2017 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

2017 BYU Cougars baseball team
The 2017 BYU Cougars baseball team represented Brigham Young University in the 2017 NCAA Division I baseball season.  Mike Littlewood acted in his fifth season as head coach of the Cougars. BYU was picked to finish fourth in the WCC Pre-season rankings. The Cougars overcame expectations to claim a tri-team championship in the regular season. Afterwards, the Cougars won the West Coast Conference tournament for the first time in their history, claiming the conferences automatic bid to the NCAA tournament, the Cougars first tournament berth since 2002. The Cougars were placed in the Stanford Regional, where they went 1–2. The Cougars finished the season 38–21.
Torino Hut
The Torino Hut (Italian: Rifugio Torino; French: Refuge Turin) is a high mountain refuge in the Alps in northwestern Italy. Located near the border with France, it is about 15 km (10 mi) southwest of  Mont Dolent, the tripoint with Switzerland. The refuge is in the Mont Blanc massif above the town of Courmayeur in the Aosta Valley, Italy. It can be most easily accessed from the Italian side by the Skyway Monte Bianco cable car from La Palud in Courmayeur, with a change at the Pavilion du Mont Fréty. It can also be reached from Chamonix via the Aiguille du Midi, either by cable car which crosses the massif, or by a long crossing of the Glacier du Gèant. The refuge lies nearly directly above the 11.6 km (7.2 mi) Mont Blanc Tunnel, which passes deep underground, and connects Courmayeur to Chamonix.

Aiguille du Midi
The Aiguille du Midi (French pronunciation: [eɡɥij dy midi], "Southern Needle") is a 3,842-metre-tall (12,605 ft) mountain in the Mont Blanc massif within the French Alps. It is a popular tourist destination and can be directly accessed by cable car from Chamonix that takes visitors close to Mont Blanc.
Rewari Khera
Rewari Khera is a village in Jhajjar district, Haryana, India.

It is located in the Bahadurgarh mandal of the Jhajjar district of the Haryana state, India. Rewari Khera lies 22.1 km (14 mi) from Bahadurgarh, 11 km (7 mi) from Jhajjar, and 228 km (142 mi) from Chandigarh. As of the 1990 census, it has a population of 7,500. Rewari Khera is connected by a 1 km stretch of road joining Bahadurgarh to Beri via the nearest large village, Chhara. The village has a government primary school as well as Government Senior Secondary School. The earliest eminent educated families of Rewari Khera are the Dalals And Dalal Bhawan location available.

Rewari Khera has temple of Dada Sahnuwala Maharaj, where it is said that everyone's wishes come true. Every year on the first Tuesday after Janmashtami, a cultural programme and bhandara and mela are organised by people of the village.

Rewari khera has second temple of Dada gugan wala this location out of village.

Bahadurgarh
Bahadurgarh is a city and municipal council within  Jhajjar district in the Indian state of Haryana and Part of National Capital Region or NCR of Delhi. The city comprises 31 wards and is approximately 21 km from National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi and 31 km from Jhajjar, the district headquarter.

Bahadurgarh is also known as the "Gateway of Haryana".
2005 Dutch TT
The 2005 Dutch TT was the seventh round of the 2005 MotoGP Championship. It took place on the weekend of 23–25 June 2005 at the TT Circuit Assen located in Assen, Netherlands.

This was the last Dutch TT to be held in the 6-km Assen before the reconfiguration were being made.

TT Circuit Assen
The TT Circuit Assen is a motorsport race track built in 1955 and located in Assen, Netherlands. Host of the Dutch TT, it is popularly referred to as "The Cathedral of Speed" by motorcycle racing fans. The venue has the distinction of holding the most Grand Prix motorcycle races every year (except 2020) since the series was created in 1949. It has a capacity of 110,000 spectators, including 60,000 seats. Since 1992, the circuit has also been part of the World SBK calendar except for the 2020 season.
Joachim Loughrey
Joachim Loughrey (born 1947) is a former Fine Gael politician from County Donegal in Ireland. He was a senator from 1982 to 1989.

A national school teacher before entering politics, Loughrey stood unsuccessfully as a Fine Gael candidate for Dáil Éireann in the Donegal North-East constituency on five occasions: at the by-election in 1976 and at the February 1982, November 1982, 1987 and 1989 general elections.

After his February 1982 defeat, he was elected to the 16th Seanad on the Cultural and Educational Panel. He was re-elected in the 1983 and 1987 Seanad elections, but lost his seat in the 1989 elections to the 19th Seanad, and was unsuccessful again at the 1993 Seanad elections.

19th Seanad
The 19th Seanad was in office from 1989 to 1993. An election to Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament), followed the 1989 general election to the 26th Dáil. The senators served until the close of poll for the 20th Seanad in 1993.
Chōkokan
The Chōkokan (徴古館, Chōkokan) opened in Saga, Saga Prefecture, Japan, in 1927. Founded by Nabeshima Naomitsu (鍋島直映), son of Nabeshima Naohiro of the Nabeshima clan, the last daimyō of Saga Domain in Hizen Province, the collection comprises historical materials and artworks relating to the Saga Domain and the Nabeshima family. The museum closed in 1945 but was reopened by the Nabeshima Hōkokai Foundation (鍋島報效会) in 1998. The museum building itself is a Registered Tangible Cultural Property dating from 1927. The collection includes the oldest extant Saibara score, a National Treasure.

Nabeshima Naohiro (Saga)
Nabeshima Naohiro or Nabeshima Chokudai (鍋島 直大; October 17, 1846 – June 19, 1921) was the 11th and final daimyō of Saga Domain in Hizen Province, Kyūshū, Japan. Before the Meiji Restoration, his name was Nabeshima Mochizane (鍋島 茂実) and his honorary title was Hizen-no-Kami.
Packrat Peak
Packrat Peak, at 10,240 feet (3,120 m) above sea level is a peak in the Sawtooth Range of Idaho in the United States. The peak is located in the Sawtooth Wilderness of Sawtooth National Recreation Area on the border of Boise and Custer counties. The peak is located 2.38 mi (3.83 km) north of Elk Peak, its line parent. Warbonnet and Little Warbonnet lakes are in the basin north of the peak.

Little Warbonnet Lake
Little Warbonnet Lake is a small alpine lake in Boise County, Idaho, United States, located in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  There are no trails leading to the lake or the Goat Creek drainage.

Little Warbonnet Lake is in the Sawtooth Wilderness, and a wilderness permit can be obtained at a registration box at trailheads or wilderness boundaries.  Warbonnet Lake is upstream of Little Warbonnet Lake while the Feather Lakes and Blue Rock Lake are downstream.  Packrat Peak is just to the south of the lake.
Still Climbing (Leslie West album)
Still Climbing, also known as Still Climbing!, is the twelfth studio album by American hard rock artist Leslie West. It was released on October 29, 2013. Leslie West is a founding member of the band Mountain.
The album reached #198 on the Billboard 200, making it West's third album (as well as the first since 1975) to make it on the chart (as a solo artist). The album featured performances by Jonny Lang, Dylan Rose, Dee Snider, Mark Tremonti, and Johnny Winter.

The title of the album is in reference to Mountain's first album, Climbing!

The track "Long Red" was first featured on West's debut solo album, Mountain, released in 1969. The rerecorded version on Still Climbing features his brother Larry West on bass. The brothers first recorded together as members of The Vagrants in the 1960s.

Dee Snider
Daniel "Dee" Snider (born March 15, 1955) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, actor, and media personality. He is best known as the former lead singer and songwriter of the heavy metal band Twisted Sister. The band's 1984 song "We're Not Gonna Take It" reached No. 21 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart and was ranked No. 47 on 100 Greatest 80's Songs. Snider later formed and was the lead singer in the heavy metal bands Desperado, Widowmaker, and SMFs (Sick Mutha Fuckers). He also released several solo albums. Snider was ranked #83 in the Hit Parader's Top 100 Metal Vocalists of All Time.
Cattani
Cattani is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Costanzo Cattani, or Francesco Costanzo Cattani (1602–1665), Italian painter

Federico Cattani Amadori (1856–1943), Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church

Francesco Cattani da Diacceto (1466–1522), Italian Neoplatonist philosopher, grandfather of Francesco Cattani Bishop of Fiesole

Francesco Cattani da Diacceto (1531–1595), Italian Bishop of Fiesole

Gabriele Cattani, Italian astronomer

Giacomo Cattani (1823–1887), Italian Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop

Giuseppina Cattani (1859–1914), Italian microbiologist, co-creator of the Tizzoni-Cattani antitoxin to treat tetanus

Heinz Cattani (1908–2001), Swiss bobsledder

Leone Cattani (1906–1980), Italian lawyer, politician and anti-Fascist activist

Oberdan Cattani (1919–2014), Brazilian football player

Sophie Cattani, French actress

Federico Cattani Amadori
Frederico Cattani Amadori (17 April 1856 – 11 April 1943) was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as secretary of the Apostolic Signatura from 1924 to 1935, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1935.
Guto Bebb
Guto ap Owain Bebb (born 9 October 1968) is a Welsh politician and former business consultant who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Aberconwy from 2010 to 2019, having previously lost elections to the Welsh Assembly and the House of Commons. He served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Wales Office in 2016–2018 and as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Defence Procurement at the Ministry of Defence from January 2018 until he resigned in July 2018. First elected as a Conservative, Bebb had the Conservative whip removed on 3 September 2019 and served his remaining months as an independent.

Welsh Conservatives
The Welsh Conservative Party (Welsh: Plaid Ceidwadwyr Cymreig), commonly the Welsh Conservatives (Welsh: Ceidwadwyr Cymreig), is the branch of the United Kingdom Conservative Party that operates in Wales. At Westminster elections and as of 1999, it was the second-most popular political party in Wales by vote share, having obtained the second-largest share of the vote at every general election since 1931. In Senedd elections, the Conservatives are currently the second-most supported party but have at times been third. Presently, they hold 13 of the 60 seats in the Senedd and none of the 32 Welsh seats in the House of Commons.
2017 Sparkassen Open – Doubles
James Cerretani and Philipp Oswald were the defending champions but only Cerretani chose to defend his title, partnering Max Schnur. Cerretani lost in the first round to Sander Arends and Matwé Middelkoop.

Julian Knowle and Igor Zelenay won the title after defeating Kevin Krawietz and Gero Kretschmer 6–3, 7–6(7–3) in the final.

Sander Arends
Sander Arends (born 9 August 1991) is a Dutch professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 23, achieved on 21 July 2025. Arends has won four doubles ATP Tour titles, one with David Pel and three with Luke Johnson. He has also won 31 doubles titles on the ATP Challenger Tour and 11 titles on the lower level ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.
Georges Vereeken
Georges Vereeken was a Belgian socialist. He was born in Ghent, Belgium in 1896 and died in Brussels in 1978. He was a taxi driver by trade. From 1925, he was a member of the Central Committee of the Parti Communiste de Belgique (PCB), but he was active in Brussels in the Belgian Section of the International Left Opposition (ILO) and its successor, the International Communist League (ICL) during 1928–1935. He broke with the official Trotskyist movement to lead the Groupe Spartakus from 1935–1937, then re-joining the Parti Socialiste Révolutionnaire (PSR), of which he was the Secretary from 1937–1938. He broke with the official Trotskyists again in 1938, editing Contre le Courant from 1938–1945. Later, he was involved in the Tendance Marxiste Révolutionnaire (TMR) from 1964–1978.

He was closely allied to Dutch socialist Henk Sneevliet and to the Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (POUM) in Spain.

POUM
The Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (Spanish: Partido Obrero de Unificación Marxista, POUM; Catalan: Partit Obrer d'Unificació Marxista, POUM) was a Spanish communist party formed during the Second Republic and mainly active around the Spanish Civil War. It was formed by the fusion of the Trotskyist Communist Left of Spain (Izquierda Comunista de España, ICE) and the Workers and Peasants' Bloc (BOC, affiliated with the Right Opposition) against the will of Leon Trotsky, with whom the former broke.
San Bartolomé Ayautla
San Bartolomé Ayautla  Tierra del Achiote y el Mamey is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 118.65 km2. 
It is part of the Teotitlán District in the north of the Cañada Region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 3,713.

Cañada Region
Cañada is a region in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico covering 4,300 square km. It includes two districts, Teotitlán and Cuicatlán.
The main administrative center is Teotitlán de Flores Magón, but Huautla de Jiménez is considered the most important cultural center in the region.

The region is named after the Cañada de Cuicatlán, a hot low canyon that links the Valley of Oaxaca to the south with the Valley of Tehuacán in Puebla state to the north.
The Cañada was the major Precolumbian route between the two valleys.
It was conquered and controlled by the early Zapotec state based on Monte Albán at some time around 300 BC.

The region is fertile with a warm and mild climate, and produces crops of mango, melon and avocado. It consists of flat lands watered by the Salado and Tomellín rivers.
Seychellois cuisine
Seychellois cuisine is the cuisine of the Republic of Seychelles, an archipelago country consisting of 115 islands off the Indian Ocean coast of Africa. Fish plays a prominent part in the country's cuisine because of its location in the Indian Ocean. Seychellois cuisine has been influenced by African, British, French, Spanish, Indian and Chinese cuisines.

Spanish cuisine
Spanish cuisine (Spanish: cocina española) consists of the traditions and practices of Spanish cooking. It features considerable regional diversity, with significant differences among the traditions of each of Spain's regional cuisines.

Olive oil (of which Spain is the world's largest producer) is extensively used in Spanish cuisine. It forms the base of many vegetable sauces (known in Spanish as sofritos). Herbs most commonly used include parsley, oregano, rosemary and thyme. The use of garlic has been noted as common in Spanish cooking. The most-used meats in Spanish cuisine include chicken, pork, lamb and veal. Fish and seafood are also consumed on a regular basis. Tapas and pinchos are snacks and appetizers commonly served in bars and cafes.
Ischemic optic neuropathy
Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) is the loss of structure and function of a portion of the optic nerve due to obstruction of blood flow to the nerve (i.e. ischemia). Ischemic forms of optic neuropathy are typically classified as either anterior ischemic optic neuropathy or posterior ischemic optic neuropathy according to the part of the optic nerve that is affected.  People affected will often complain of a loss of visual acuity and a visual field, the latter of which is usually in the superior or inferior field.

When ION occurs in patients below the age of 50 years old, other causes should be considered, such as juvenile diabetes mellitus, antiphospholipid antibody-associated clotting disorders, collagen-vascular disease, and migraines.  Rarely, complications of intraocular surgery or acute blood loss may cause an ischemic event in the optic nerve.

Bleeding
Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss, is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels. Bleeding can occur internally, or externally either through a natural opening such as the mouth, nose, ear, urethra, vagina, or anus, or through a puncture in the skin.
Hypovolemia is a massive decrease in blood volume, and death by excessive loss of blood is referred to as exsanguination. Typically, a healthy person can endure a loss of 10–15% of the total blood volume without serious medical difficulties (by comparison, blood donation typically takes 8–10% of the donor's blood volume). The stopping or controlling of bleeding is called hemostasis and is an important part of both first aid and surgery.
Calatola
Calatola is a genus of flowering plants in the family Metteniusaceae. It was formerly placed in the family Icacinaceae. Its range is from Mexico to Peru. There are nine species. The type species is Calatola mollis.

Calatola columbiana - endemic to Colombia.

Calatola costaricensis - S. Mexico to Peru

Calatola laevigata - Mexico, Belize to Guatemala, El Salvador

Calatola microcarpa - Peru

Calatola mollis - Puebla to Guatemala

Calatola pastazana - Ecuador

Calatola sanquininensis - Colombia

Calatola uxpanapensis - Veracruz to Belize

Calatola venezuelana - Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Species distribution
Species distribution, or species dispersion, is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged. The geographic limits of a particular taxon's distribution is its range, often represented as shaded areas on a map. Patterns of distribution change depending on the scale at which they are viewed, from the arrangement of individuals within a small family unit, to patterns within a population, or the distribution of the entire species as a whole (range). Species distribution is not to be confused with dispersal, which is the movement of individuals away from their region of origin or from a population center of high density.