hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alfvén resonator
An Alfvén resonator or Ionosphere Alfvén resonator is a spectral resonance structure found within geomagnetic fields in the frequency range of 0.1–10 Hz. First reported in 1989, they are ionospheric short-period geomagnetic variations primarily seen as nighttime phenomena and rarely observed during the day. The nighttime preference is due to lower electrical conductivity in the ionospheric dynamo region, which enables the feedback instability.

Magnetic pulsations
Magnetic pulsations are extremely low frequency disturbances in the Earth's magnetosphere driven by its interactions with the solar wind. These variations in the planet's magnetic field can oscillate for multiple hours when a solar wind driving force strikes a resonance.  This is a form of Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. The intensity, frequency, and orientation of these variations is measured by Intermagnet.

In 1964, the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) proposed a classification of magnetic pulsations into continuous pulsations (Pc) and irregular pulsations (Pi).
Lava Gate
Lava Gate is a narrow area in the Jornada del Muerto, in the southern part of Socorro County, New Mexico. The Lava Gate creates a gap that trends north northwest to south southwest, between the malpaís (lava fields) of the Jornada del Muerto Volcano to the northeast and the foothills of the Fra Cristobal Range to the southwest. Its midpoint lies at an elevation of 4,573 feet (1,394 meters). The Lava Gate provided a path for the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro from the interior of the Jornada del Muerto to the Rio Grande at Paraje, Socorro County, New Mexico.

Fra Cristobal Range
The Fra Cristobal Range, (Fra Cristóbal Range) is a 17 mi (27 km) long, mountain range in central-north Sierra County, New Mexico.  Its northern extreme above Fra Cristobal Mountain extends into Socorro County.  The range borders the eastern shore of Elephant Butte Reservoir on the Rio Grande, and the range lies towards the southwest of the Jornada del Muerto, the desert region east of the river.
D-amino-acid transaminase
In enzymology, a D-amino-acid transaminase (EC 2.6.1.21) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:

D-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate  pyruvate + D-glutamate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate, whereas its two products are pyruvate and D-glutamate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. Other names in common use include D-aspartate transaminase, D-alanine aminotransferase, D-aspartic aminotransferase, D-alanine-D-glutamate transaminase, D-alanine transaminase, and D-amino acid aminotransferase.  This enzyme participates in 6 metabolic pathways: lysine degradation, arginine and proline metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, D-arginine and D-ornithine metabolism, D-alanine metabolism, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis.  It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Pyruvic acid
Pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH) is the simplest of the alpha-keto acids, with a carboxylic acid and a ketone functional group. Pyruvate, the conjugate base, CH3COCOO−, is an intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the cell.

Pyruvic acid can be made from glucose through glycolysis, converted back to carbohydrates (such as glucose) via gluconeogenesis, or converted to fatty acids through a reaction with acetyl-CoA. It can also be used to construct the amino acid alanine and can be converted into ethanol or lactic acid via fermentation.

Pyruvic acid supplies energy to cells through the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle) when oxygen is present (aerobic respiration), and alternatively ferments to produce lactate when oxygen is lacking.
Hans Knecht
Hans Knecht (26 September 1913 – 8 March 1986) was a Swiss professional road racing cyclist. The highlight of his career was winning the World Cycling Championship in 1946. He was the Swiss National Road Race champion in 1943, 1946 and 1947. He was a professional cyclist from 1939 to 1949.

Swiss National Road Race Championships
The Swiss National Road Race Championships are held annually. They are a cycling race which decides the Swiss cycling champion in the road racing discipline, across several categories of rider. The event was first held in 1892 and was won by Edouard Wicky. Ferdinand Kübler and Heiri Suter share the men's record with 5 victories. The current champions are Noemi Rüegg for women and Mauro Schmid for men.
Sialkot Cricket Association
Sialkot Cricket Association governs cricket in the district of Sialkot in Pakistan.

In April 2008, the association requested that the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) lifted its ban on cricketers taking part in the Indian Cricket League (ICL). In November of the same year, the association honoured the Sialkot Stallions for winning Pakistan's domestic Twenty20 competition for the third time. Four years later, the association criticised the PCB's decision on changing the manager of the team.

In March 2021, the president of the association, Malik Zulfiqar, announced that they would boycott the PCB's registration process.

Sialkot District
Sialkot District is a district within the Gujranwala Division of Punjab, Pakistan. Located in northeastern Punjab, the city of Sialkot is the headquarters of the district. It houses the Sialkot Cantonment, established in 1852.
Suspect (video game)
Suspect is an interactive fiction video game designed by Dave Lebling and published by Infocom in 1984. It is the third and last murder mystery Infocom released. It was written in highly portable ZIL and released for Amiga, Amstrad CPC, Amstrad PCW, Apple II, Atari 8-bit computers, Atari ST, Commodore 64, Kaypro II, Mac, and MS-DOS. It is Infocom's fifteenth game.

Z-machine
The Z-machine is a virtual machine that was developed by Joel Berez and Marc Blank in 1979 and used by Infocom for its text adventure games. Infocom compiled game code to files containing Z-machine instructions (called story files or Z-code files) and could therefore port its text adventures to a new platform simply by writing a Z-machine implementation for that platform. With the large number of incompatible home computer systems in use at the time, this was an important advantage over using native code or developing a compiler for each system.
Newell High School
The Newell High School, on Dartmouth St. between 4th and 5th Streets in Newell, South Dakota, was built in 1922 and for school to begin in 1923.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

It is a two-story brick building with a full basement.  It has Tudor arch doorways on its first floor and stone trim, and the building is "topped with Tudor battlements."  It was designed by architects Johnson, Miller & Miller.

It was deemed to be "the most imposing structure in Newell (1983 population, 638)" and "architecturally significant to Newell and South Dakota as an outstanding example of the English Vernacular Revival."  The school was also deemed to have "significance in the area of education through its distinction as the largest rural school in Butte County with the most complete curriculum available to public school students."

Newell, South Dakota
Newell is a city in Butte County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 584 at the 2020 census.

Newell was laid out in 1910. The city has the name of F. H. Newell, director of the United States Reclamation Service.
The New Bioethics
The New Bioethics is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering bioethics that was established in 1995 as European Journal of Genetics in Society, changing its name to Human Reproduction & Genetic Ethics in 1998, and taking its current name in 2011. It is published by Taylor & Francis and the editor-in-chief is Matthew James (St Mary's University, Twickenham). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 1.4.

Bioethics
Bioethics is both a field of study and professional practice, interested in ethical issues related to health (primarily focused on the human, but also increasingly includes animal ethics), including those emerging from advances in biology, medicine, and technologies. It proposes the discussion about moral discernment in society (what decisions are "good" or "bad" and why) and it is often related to medical policy and practice, but also to broader questions as environment, well-being and public health. Bioethics is concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, theology and philosophy. It includes the study of values relating to primary care, other branches of medicine ("the ethics of the ordinary"), ethical education in science, animal, and environmental ethics, and public health.
CARD9
Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 is an adaptor protein of the CARD-CC protein family, which in humans is encoded by the CARD9 gene. It mediates signals from pattern recognition receptors to activate pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines,   regulating inflammation. Homozygous mutations in CARD9 are associated with defective innate immunity against yeasts, like Candida and dermatophytes.

NF-κB
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is a family of transcription factor protein complexes that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival. NF-κB is found in almost all animal cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stressful stimuli like cytokines, free radicals, heavy metals, ultraviolet irradiation, oxidized LDL, and bacterial or viral antigens. NF-κB plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infection. Incorrect regulation of NF-κB has been linked to cancer, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, septic shock, viral infection, and improper immune development. NF-κB has also been implicated in processes of synaptic plasticity and memory.
Sambrook's Brewery
Sambrook's Brewery is a British brewery, based in Wandsworth, London. The location is the oldest continually brewing site in the UK.

Founded in 2008 by former City accountant Duncan Sambrook in nearby Battersea, the brewery was among the first wave of new London breweries in the early 21st century.

The brewery specialises in traditional cask ale and bottle and keg beers, many of them named after local landmarks in south-west London. Its flagship bitter Wandle is named after the River Wandle and has won several awards, including World's Best Bitter (pale beers up to 5% ABV) at the 2012 World Beer Awards.

Since relocating to Wandsworth in 2020–2021, Sambrook's has brewed on the former Young's Ram Brewery site, which local heritage bodies promote as the UK's oldest continuously brewing location, with origins in the sixteenth century.

Battersea
Battersea is a large district in southwest London, part of the London Borough of Wandsworth, England. It is centred 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of Charing Cross and also extends along the south bank of the Thames Tideway. It includes the 200-acre (0.81 km2) Battersea Park.
HMCS Grandmère
HMCS Grandmère (pennant J258) was a Bangor-class minesweeper constructed for the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. Entering service in 1941, the minesweeper took part in the Battle of the Atlantic and the Battle of the St. Lawrence before being taken out of service in 1945. The ship was sold for mercantile service following the war, first as the yacht Elda and then the cargo ship Jacks Bay. The ship was sold for scrap in 1968.

Pennant number
In the Royal Navy and other navies of Europe and the Commonwealth of Nations, ships are identified by pennant number (an internationalisation of pendant number, which it was called before 1948). Historically, naval ships flew a flag that identified a flotilla or type of vessel. For example, the Royal Navy used a red burgee for torpedo boats and a pennant with an H for torpedo boat destroyers. Adding a number to the type-identifying flag uniquely identified each ship.

In the current system, a letter prefix, called a flag superior, identifies the type of ship, and numerical suffix, called a flag inferior, uniquely identifies an individual ship. Not all pennant numbers have a flag superior.
Buckeye Savings Invitational
The Buckeye Savings Invitational was a golf tournament on the LPGA Tour from 1965 to 1970. It was played in Cincinnati, Ohio at the Clovernook Country Club from 1965 to 1968 and at the Royal Oak Racquet & Country Club from 1969 to 1970.

Carol Mann
Carol Mann (February 3, 1941 – May 20, 2018) was an American professional golfer. She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1961 and won two major championships and 38 LPGA Tour events in all.  She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
San Juan River (Metro Manila)
The San Juan River is one of the main river systems in Metro Manila, Philippines, and is a major tributary of the Pasig River. It begins near La Mesa Dam as the San Francisco del Monte River, which officially takes the name San Juan River when it meets with Mariblo Creek in Quezon City. As the San Juan River, it passes through Quezon City, San Juan, the Manila district of Santa Mesa and Santa Ana, and Mandaluyong.

Right-of-way issues caused the realignment of the Santa Mesa portion of the Skyway Stage 3. Instead of passing through Old Santa Mesa Street, the expressway now follows the course of the San Juan River from Araneta Avenue to Pasig River.

La Mesa Dam and Reservoir
The La Mesa Dam and Reservoir  is an earth dam that impounds the Tullahan River in Quezon City, Philippines. Its reservoir can hold up to 50.5 million cubic meters (1,780 million cubic feet), occupying an area of 27 square kilometers (10 sq mi). It is part of the Angat-Ipo-La Mesa water system, which supplies most of the water in Metro Manila.
Survivors Rowe
Survivors Rowe is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Daniel Roher and released in 2015. The film profiles three of the victims of Ralph Rowe, a former Anglican Church of Canada priest who was convicted in 2012 of sexual abuse against First Nations boys from the Nishnawbe Aski Nation in Northern Ontario.

The film premiered on April 26, 2015, at the Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival. It was subsequently broadcast on TVOntario in 2016, and received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Documentary Program at the 5th Canadian Screen Awards.

Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival
The Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival is the largest documentary festival in North America. The event takes place annually in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The 27th edition of the festival took place online throughout May and June 2020. In addition to the annual festival, Hot Docs owns and operates the Hot Docs Ted Rogers Cinema, administers multiple production funds, and runs year-round screening programs including Doc Soup and Hot Docs Showcase.
Stejneger's petrel
Stejneger's petrel (Pterodroma longirostris) is a species of seabird belonging to the family Procellaridae, the gadfly petrels, shearwaters and related species. This species is found in the tropical and subtropical Pacific Ocean, although as a breeding bird it is restricted to the Juan Fernandez Islands of Chile.

Shearwater
Shearwaters are medium-sized long-winged seabirds in the petrel family Procellariidae. They have a global marine distribution, but are most common in temperate and cold waters, and are pelagic outside the breeding season.
ORV Sagar Nidhi
ORV Sagar Nidhi is an ice-strengthened multidisciplinary vessel operated by the National Institute of Ocean Technology, India. It was constructed at Fincantieri, Italy. The 104-metre-long vessel has fully automatic diesel-electric propulsion equipped with dynamic positioning system, azimuth thrusters, and a winch to hoist 60 tonnes from a depth of 6,000 metres.

The vessel is capable of carrying out geo-scientific, meteorological and oceanographic research, and is designed with blue-water capability with ranges of up to 10,000 nautical miles (19,000 km) for voyages lasting up to 45 days. She is expected to support research in the Indian and Antarctic Oceans.

Sagar Nidhi will be utilized for deep sea mining, launching of ROV's, AUV's, crewed and uncrewed submersibles, and exploration of gas hydrates.

National Institute of Ocean Technology
The National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) was established in November 1993 as an autonomous society under the Ministry of Earth Sciences in India. NIOT is managed by a Governing Council and is headed by a director. The institute is based in Chennai. The major aim of starting NIOT was to develop reliable indigenous technologies to solve various engineering problems associated with harvesting of non-living and living resources in India's exclusive economic zone, which is about two-thirds of the land area of India.
Hajar Khatoon Mosque
The Hajar Khatoon Mosque (Sorani Kurdish: مزگەوتی ھاجەرخاتوون, Persian: مسجد هاجرخاتون) is a Sunni mosque and shrine, located in the city of Sanandaj, in the province of Kurdistan, in western Iran.

The shrine contains the tomb of Hajar Khatoon, who was the sibling of Ali al-Rida.

The mosque was added to the Iran National Heritage List, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.

Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts
The Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts of Iran (Persian: وزارت میراث فرهنگی، گردشگری و صنایع دستی ایران, romanized: Vezârat-e Mirâs-e Farhangi, Gardeshgari va Sanâye'-e Dasti-ye Irân) is an educational and research institution overseeing numerous associated museum complexes throughout Iran. It is administered and funded by the Government of Iran.

It was first established in 1985 by legislation from the Majlis merging 11 research and cultural organizations. In 2019, the Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization (ICHHTO) was converted into the Ministry. The current Minister has been Reza Salehi Amiri since 21 August 2024.
Georges Palante
Georges Toussaint Léon Palante (20 November 1862 – 5 August 1925) was a French philosopher and sociologist.

Palante advocated aristocratic individualist ideas similar to Friedrich Nietzsche and Arthur Schopenhauer. He was opposed to Émile Durkheim's holism, promoting methodological individualism instead.

Holism
Holism is the interdisciplinary idea that systems possess properties as wholes apart from the properties of their component parts.
The aphorism "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts", typically attributed to Aristotle, is often given as a summary of this proposal. The concept of holism can inform the methodology for a broad array of scientific fields and lifestyle practices. When applications of holism are said to reveal properties of a whole system beyond those of its parts, these qualities are referred to as emergent properties of that system. Holism in all contexts is often placed in opposition to reductionism, a dominant notion in the philosophy of science that systems containing parts contain no unique properties beyond those parts. Proponents of holism consider the search for emergent properties within systems to be demonstrative of their perspective.
Line 3 (Xiamen Metro)
Line 3 of the Xiamen Metro is a metro line in Xiamen. The line running from Xiamen Railway Station to Caicuo, is 26.5 kilometres (16.5 mi) long with 21 stations in operation. The line features a 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) undersea tunnel. Construction began in August 2016 and the section from Xiamen Railway Station to Caicuo (Phase 1 & Phase 2 West section) was opened on June 25, 2021. The remaining section of Phase 2, from Caicuo to Xiang'an Airport is currently under construction. A Southern extension to Shapowei is also under construction.

Underwater tunnel
An underwater tunnel is a tunnel which is partly or wholly constructed under the sea or a river. They are often used where building a bridge or operating a ferry link is unviable, or to provide competition or relief for existing bridges or ferry links. While short tunnels are often road tunnels which may admit motorized traffic, unmotorized traffic or both, concerns with ventilation lead to the longest tunnels (such as the Channel Tunnel or the Seikan Tunnel) being electrified rail tunnels.
Tierps HK
Tierps HK is a Swedish ice hockey club, based in Tierp, Uppsala County.  The club, which was founded in 1957, played two seasons in Sweden's second-tier hockey league 2000–2002, but since then has been playing in the third-tier league, Division 1.

Hockeyettan
Hockeyettan is the third tier of ice hockey in Sweden. As of the 2015–16 season, the league consists of 39 teams divided geographically into four groups. Hockeyettan operates a system of promotion and relegation with HockeyAllsvenskan and Division 2.

From 1944 to 1975, Division I was the highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, but with the creation of Elitserien (now the SHL) in 1975, it became the second tier. Division I was further relegated to third-tier status in 1999 as HockeyAllsvenskan was spun off into a standalone league, but was frequently written as "Division 1" on the Internet, as it was pronounced "Division One". The league was renamed Hockeyettan for the 2014–15 season.

Hockeyettan is the lowest tier to be organized by the Swedish Ice Hockey Association; all men's tiers below Hockeyettan are organized regionally.
Eric Munson
Eric Walter Munson (born October 3, 1977) is an American former professional baseball catcher and current coach. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 2000 to 2009 for the Detroit Tigers, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, Houston Astros, and Oakland Athletics. He was the third overall pick in the 1999 MLB draft by the Tigers, behind Josh Hamilton and Josh Beckett.

1999 Major League Baseball draft
The 1999 Major League Baseball draft, was the annual choosing of high school and college baseball players, held on June 2 and 3, 1999. A total of 1,474 players were drafted over the course of 50 rounds.
Vladimir Susin
Vladimir Sergeyevich Susin (Russian: Владимир Серге́евич Сусин; 11 June 1956 – 26 November 2025) was a Russian professional football coach and a player. He last managed FC Mostovik-Primorye Ussuriysk in the Russian Second Division in 2010. Susin died on 26 November 2025, at the age of 69.

FC Mostovik-Primorye Ussuriysk
FC Mostovik-Primorye Ussuriysk (Russian: «Мостовик‑Приморье» (Уссурийск)) is an association football team from Ussuriysk, Russia. It played professionally for a single season in 1993, taking 11th place in Zone 7 of the Russian Second Division. In 2010, the club returned to the Russian Second Division. It was liquidated after the 2011–12 season due to lack of financing.
Escadron de Ravitaillement en Vol et de Transport Stratégique 1/31 Bretagne
Escadron de Ravitaillement en Vol et de Transport Stratégique 1/31 Bretagne is a French Air and Space Force (Armée de l'air et de l'espace) Strategic Air Refueling and Transport Squadron located at Istres-Le Tubé Air Base, Bouches-du-Rhône, France which operates the Airbus A330 MRTT Phénix.

Bouches-du-Rhône
Bouches-du-Rhône (/ˌbuːʃ djuː ˈroʊn/ BOOSH dew ROHN; French: les Bouches-du-Rhône [le buʃ dy ʁon] ⓘ, locally [le ˈbuʃə dy ˈʁɔnə]; Occitan: lei Bocas de Ròse [lej ˈbukɔz de ˈʀɔze]; "the Mouths of the Rhône") is a department in southern France. It borders Vaucluse to the north, Gard to the west and Var to the east. The Mediterranean Sea lies to the south. Its prefecture and largest city is Marseille; other important cities include Aix-en-Provence, Arles, Martigues and Aubagne.

Marseille, France's second-largest city, has one of the largest container ports in the country. It prides itself on being France's oldest city, founded by Greek settlers from Phocaea around 600 BC. Bouches-du-Rhône is the most populous department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, with 2,043,110 inhabitants as of 2019. It has an area of 5,087 km2 (1,964 sq mi). Its INSEE and postal code is 13.