hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
J. Manchester Haynes
Josiah Manchester Haynes (May 12, 1839 – September 3, 1906) was an American businessperson, lawyer, and politician from Augusta, Maine. Haynes was elected to the Maine Legislature five times and served as Senate President in 1879 and Speaker of the House in 1882—83. In business, he was heavily invested in shipbuilding, railroads, timber, and the commercial ice production.

Maine Legislature
The Maine State Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. It is a bicameral body composed of the lower house Maine House of Representatives and the upper house Maine Senate. The legislature convenes at the State House in Augusta, where it has met since 1832.

The House of Representatives consists of 151 members, each chosen from single-member constituencies. The House is uniquely the only state legislative body in the U.S. to set aside special seats for American Indians, where there are three non-voting Representatives from the Penobscot Nation, the Passamaquoddy Tribe, and the Houlton Band of Maliseets. The Senate currently has 35 members, though under the Maine Constitution there may be 31, 33, or 35.
Sigurd Christian Brinch
Sigurd Christian Brinch (3 October 1874 – 1956) was a Norwegian manager and politician.

Brinch was born in Christiania to Johan Christian Hønen and Michaline Beate Flisager. He was director of the energy company Arendals Fossekompani from 1912, and resided in Arendal. He was elected representative to the Stortinget for the periods 1934–1936 and 1937–1945, for the Conservative Party. He died in 1956.

Arendals Fossekompani
Arendals Fossekompani ASA (OSE: AFK) is a Norwegian company located in Arendal. Its principal business is production and sale of electric energy from its 2 hydroelectric powerplants. It is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.

Arendals is a controlling owner of Volue with greater than 60% stake in it.
William Gropper
William Victor Gropper (December 3, 1897 – January 3, 1977) was an American cartoonist, painter, lithographer, and muralist. A committed radical, Gropper is best known for the political work which he contributed to such left wing publications as The Revolutionary Age, The Liberator, The New Masses, The Worker, and Morgen Freiheit.

Radical politics
Radical politics denotes the intent to transform or replace the fundamental principles of a society or political system, often through social change, structural change, revolution or radical reform. The process of adopting radical views is termed radicalisation.

The word radical derives from the Latin radix ("root") and Late Latin radicalis ("of or pertaining to the root, radical"). Historically, political use of the term referred exclusively to a form of progressive electoral reformism, known as Radicalism, that had developed in Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries. However, the denotation has changed since its 18th century coinage to comprehend the entire political spectrum, though retaining the connotation of "change at the root".
Pallavi (actress)
Pallavi is an Indian actress in Tamil and Kannada films from 1985 to 1993 and continued to pursue her career as a supporting actor.

She has acted alongside various lead actors including Rajinikanth, Kamal Haasan, Ambareesh, Vijayakanth, Prabhu, Karthik, Murali, S. Ve. Shekher, Mohan, Arjun, Mukesh, Suresh Gopi, Pandiarajan and Shankar Nag. She was first introduced in Telugu by A. Kodandarami Reddy in the film, Illalu Priyuralu in 1984. Afterwards, she was introduced in Kannada by T.S.Nagabharana in the film, Nethra Pallavi in 1985 and then she was introduced in Tamil by actor Sivaji Ganesan in his home production, Aruvadai Naal starring his son, Prabhu in 1986.

Mohan (actor)
Mohan (born 10 May 1956) is an Indian actor, known for his works predominantly in Tamil cinema. Besides Tamil films, he has also acted in some Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam films. Mohan is also known as "Kokila Mohan" after his debut film Kokila (1977), and "Mic Mohan" from numerous roles playing singers using microphones. In 1982, he received the Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Actor for his work in Payanangal Mudivathillai. One of the most successful Tamil film stars of the 1980s, he faced career setbacks in the 1990s and his film appearances have been intermittent since.
Leader (surname)
Leader is a British surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benjamin Williams Leader (1831–1923), English artist

Bill Leader (born 1929), English record producer

George M. Leader (1918–2013), American politician

Guy Leader (1887–1978), American politician

Imre Leader (born 1963), British mathematician

Jeffery J. Leader (born 1963), American mathematician

John Temple Leader (1810–1903), British politician and connoisseur

Joyce Ellen Leader (born 1942), American diplomat

Michael Leader (1938–2016), English actor

Otis Wilson Leader, a World War II Choctaw code talker

William Leader (1767–1828), British MP

Zachary Leader (born 1946), American professor of English Literature

Michael Leader
Michael Leader (12 September 1938 – 22 August 2016) was an English actor known for his roles in the British television programmes, notably the soap opera EastEnders, and for a minor part in the 1977 film Star Wars.
Dialogus creaturarum
Dialogus creaturarum (more properly Dialogus creaturarum optime moralizatus or Dyalogus creaturarum moralizatus), is a collection of 122 Latin-language fables and, as the title implies, dialogues of creatures. It is usually dated to the middle of the fourteenth century.

The fables are organised in sections according to the different kinds of protagonists: first the astronomical, then the elements, followed by living things.  The fables tell of the interactions of various anthropomorphized animals and ends with a moral explanation. Common human problems are solved according to the teachings of the Bible, church fathers or classical Greek or Roman philosophy. The author is unknown, but surviving manuscripts suggest the fables may have been gathered and edited by either Mayno de Mayneri (Magninus Mediolanensis) or Nicolaus Pergamenus, both active in the 14th century. A number of the fables are from Aesop, such as The Lion's Share, The Frog and the Ox and The Wolf and the Lamb.

The Frog and the Ox
The Frog and the Ox appears among Aesop's Fables and is numbered 376 in the Perry Index.
The story concerns a frog that tries to inflate itself to the size of an ox, but bursts in the attempt. It has usually been applied to socio-economic relations.
Maker Mwangu Famba
Maker Mwangu Famba is a Congolese politician. On 5 February 2007, he was appointed as the Minister of Primary Secondary and Vocational Education of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, under Antoine Gizenga Government that ran from 25 November 2007 under the leadership of Prime Minister Antoine Gizenga. He is a member of Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP).

Antoine Gizenga
Antoine Gizenga (5 October 1925 – 24 February 2019) was a Congolese politician and statesman who served as the prime minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 30 December 2006 to 10 October 2008. He was the secretary-general of the Unified Lumumbist Party (PALU).
Gallo Manor
Gallo Manor is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region E.

Much of the suburb is cordoned off as a gated settlement.

Gallo Manor is bounded by Wendywood and The Country Club Johannesburg. The suburb is near to Sandton and has good access to major arterial roads connecting to Fourways, Kyalami, Midrand and OR Tambo International Airport easy.

O. R. Tambo International Airport
O. R. Tambo International Airport (IATA: JNB, ICAO: FAOR) is an international airport serving the twin cities of Johannesburg and the main capital of South Africa, Pretoria. It is situated in Kempton Park, Gauteng. It serves as the primary airport for domestic and international travel for South Africa and since 2020, it is Africa's second busiest airport, with a capacity to handle up to 28 million passengers annually. The airport serves as the hub for South African Airways. The airport handled over 21 million passengers in 2017.

The airport was originally known as Jan Smuts International Airport, after the former South African Prime Minister. It was renamed Johannesburg International Airport in 1994, and  subsequently on 27 October 2006 the airport was renamed after anti-apartheid politician Oliver Tambo (1917–1993). Its ICAO code was changed from FAJS to FAOR on 10 January 2013.
Eschiva of Montbéliard
Eschiva of Montbéliard (c. 1206 – c. 1239) was a Cypriot noblewoman. She was related to the reigning Lusignan dynasty and, by marriage, to the prominent Ibelin family of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. She inherited substantial lands in the Kingdom of Cyprus and was lady of Beirut in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. She defended Buffavento Castle in the War of the Lombards.

Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
The Kingdom of Jerusalem, one of the Crusader states that was created in 1099, was divided into a number of smaller seigneuries. According to the 13th-century jurist John of Ibelin, the four highest crown vassals (referred to as barons) in the kingdom proper were the count of Jaffa and Ascalon, the prince of Galilee, the lord of Sidon, and the lord of Oultrejordain.

There were also a number of independent seigneuries, and some land held under direct royal control, such as Jerusalem itself, Acre and Tyre.
Lạc Thủy district
Lạc Thủy is a former rural district of Hòa Bình province in the Northwest region of Vietnam. As of 2003, the district had a population of 49,460. The district covers an area of 293 km2 (113 sq mi). The district capital lies at Chi Nê.

Northwest (Vietnam)
Tây Bắc (literally "Northwest") is one of the regions of Vietnam, located in the mountainous northwestern part of the country. It consists of four provinces: Điện Biên, Lai Châu, Sơn La and Lào Cai.  It has a population of 4.9 million (2022) and it is fully landlocked.
History of Australian cricket from 1960–61 to 1970
This article describes the history of Australian cricket from the 1960–61 season until 1970.

Notable Australian players early in this period included Neil Harvey, Alan Davidson and Richie Benaud, but all three retired after the 1962–3 series against England. By then, Bobby Simpson, Bill Lawry, Wally Grout and Garth McKenzie had come to the fore.

Wally Grout
Arthur Theodore Wallace Grout (30 March 1927 – 9 November 1968), known as Wally Grout, was a Test cricketer who kept wicket for Australia and Queensland.

Grout played in 51 Test matches between 1957 and 1966. He made his Test debut against South Africa at Wanderers Stadium, during which he caught a record six wickets behind the stumps in the second innings.

For many years, Grout played second fiddle to Don Tallon in the Queensland state team, and was unable to cement a regular spot as wicket keeper until Tallon's retirement in 1953. In a Sheffield Shield match against Western Australia at Brisbane in 1960, he took 8 catches in an innings, setting a world record.

He died suddenly from a heart attack at the age of 41, only 3 years after ending his playing career. On 27 January 2016 Wally was inducted into the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame.
Kleve transmitter
Kleve transmitter is a facility for FM and TV transmission (until 1993 also medium wave transmission) of the WDR near Kleve in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The Kleve transmitter was founded in 1953.

Since 1994, the transmitter uses as a transmission tower a 126.4 metres (415 feet) high guyed steel tube mast. The mast is guyed at 57 and 101.6 metres (187 and 333 feet) above ground. This mast replaced the old radio mast from the 1960s which was also used for transmissions in the medium wave range until 1993.

Radio masts and towers
Radio masts and towers are typically tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. There are two main types: guyed and self-supporting structures. They are among the tallest human-made structures. Masts are often named after the broadcasting organizations that originally built them or currently use them.

A mast radiator or radiating tower is one in which the metal mast or tower itself is energized and functions as the transmitting antenna.
1919 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles
Gerald Patterson defeated Algernon Kingscote 6–2, 6–1, 6–3 in the All Comers' Final, and then defeated the reigning champion Norman Brookes 6–3, 7–5, 6–2 in the challenge round to win the gentlemen's singles tennis title at the 1919 Wimbledon Championships.

Gerald Patterson
Gerald Leighton Patterson MC (17 December 1895 – 13 June 1967) was an Australian tennis player.

Patterson was active in the decade following World War I. During his career he won three Grand Slam tournaments in the singles event as well as six titles in the doubles competition and one title in mixed doubles. He was born in Melbourne, educated at Scotch College and Trinity Grammar School and died in Melbourne on 13 June 1967. He was the co-World No. 1 player for 1919 along with Bill Johnston.
Giants' grave of Su Mont'e s'Abe
The Giants' grave of Su Mont'e s'Abe is an archaeological site located in the municipality of Olbia, in the Italian province of Sassari.

Like other giants' tombs of Gallura, it was built in two main phases of construction. In the first stage, during the period of the Bonnanaro culture, it was built an allée couverte tomb; later, in the second phase, during the age Nuragic age (1600 BC approximately), the allée couverte was transformed into a giants' tomb with the realization of the exedra and the erection of the central stele of which few traces remain today.

The tomb, which measures about 28 meters in length and six in width, was excavated and restored in the 1960s.

Bonnanaro culture
The Bonnanaro culture is a protohistoric culture that flourished in Sardinia during the 2nd millennium BC (1800–1600 BC), considered to be the first stage of the Nuragic civilization. It takes its name from the comune of Bonnanaro in the province of Sassari where in 1889 the eponymous site was discovered.
Jonathan E. Ingersoll
Jonathan Edwards "Jon" Ingersoll Jr. is an American economist. He is the Adrian C. Israel Professor of International Trade and Finance at Yale School of Management. Prior to coming to Yale he was on the faculty at the Graduate School of Business at the University of Chicago.

Ingersoll's research area is finance, focusing on asset valuation—the pricing of options and futures and the term structure of interest rates. He is one of the authors of the Cox–Ingersoll–Ross model of the yield curve.

Ingersoll is a founding member of the Society for Financial Studies and has held editorial positions at several journals, including the Review of Financial Studies and the Journal of Finance. He was named Financial Engineer of the Year by the International Association of Financial Engineers in 2002.

He earned his SM (1973) and PhD (1976) from MIT Sloan and his SB in physics (1971) from MIT.

MIT Sloan School of Management
The MIT Sloan School of Management (branded as MIT Sloan) is the business school of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

MIT Sloan offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree programs, as well as executive education. Many influential ideas in management and finance originated at the school, including the Black–Scholes model, the random walk hypothesis, the binomial options pricing model, and the field of system dynamics. The faculty has included numerous Nobel laureates in economics and John Bates Clark Medal winners.
Ernst Toch
Ernst Toch (German: [ˈtɔχ]; 7 December 1887 – 1 October 1964) was an Austrian composer of European classical music and film scores, who from 1933 worked as an émigré in Paris, London and New York. He sought throughout his life to introduce new approaches to music.

The Rise of Catherine the Great
The Rise of Catherine the Great (also titled Catherine the Great) is a 1934 British historical film about the rise to power of Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia. Produced by Alexander Korda and directed by Paul Czinner, the screenplay was based on Lajos Bíró and Melchior Lengyel's 1912 play The Czarina and was co-written by Arthur Wimperis and Marjorie Deans (credited as scenarist). It stars Elisabeth Bergner as Catherine, Douglas Fairbanks Jr. as Grand Duke Peter, and Flora Robson as Empress Elizabeth.

The movie was banned in Germany. On 14 March 1934 this matter invoked a question in the British Parliament (House of Commons): "Is it to be understood that no British film in which there is a Jewish actor or actress will be permitted to be shown in Germany in future?".
Electric Picnic 2010
Electric Picnic 2010 was the seventh edition of the Electric Picnic festival to take place. The three-day event took take place on the weekend of Friday 3, Saturday 4 and Sunday 5 September at Stradbally Hall in Stradbally, County Laois, Ireland. The festival was launched on 24 March 2010.

Among the headliners were Roxy Music, performing in 2010 for the first time in five years and making their Irish festival debut, and Leftfield, who gave live performances for the first time in more than a decade. Public Image Ltd. (PiL) made their Irish debut at the festival while The Frames appeared in their twentieth anniversary year. Massive Attack also return after performing at the 2006 festival.

Jim Carroll of The Irish Times named several Electric Picnic 2010-bound acts in his "20 hottest acts playing this summer" on 28 May 2010: these were The National, Villagers, LCD Soundsystem and Public Image Ltd.

Jim Carroll (journalist)
Jim Carroll (born Tipperary in 1968) is an Irish music journalist, blogger and editor who is currently employed by The Irish Times. He runs a blog titled "On the Record" for the newspaper.

Carroll is a co-founder of the Choice Music Prize, an annual music award given to one Irish album from ten nominations. He also has a radio programme on Dublin's Phantom FM. In 1997 he founded the internet music magazine Muse.
Raymond Ovinou
Raymond Ovinou (born 6 September 1984 in Port Moresby) is a Papua New Guinean judoka. At the 2012 Summer Olympics he competed in the Men's 66 kg, but was defeated in the second round.  At the 2014 Commonwealth Games, he reached the last 16. At the 2016 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Men's 66 kg, but was defeated by Antoine Bouchard in the first round.

Judo at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 66 kg
Men's 66 kg competition in judo at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, took place at ExCeL London.

The gold and silver medals were determined by a single-elimination tournament, with the winner of the final taking gold and the loser receiving silver.  Judo events awarded two bronze medals.  Quarterfinal losers competed in a repechage match for the right to face a semifinal loser for a bronze medal (that is, the judokas defeated in quarterfinals A and B competed against each other, with the winner of that match facing the semifinal loser from the other half of the bracket).
Samuel the Confessor
Samuel the Confessor (referred to in academic literature as Samuel of Kalamoun or Samuel of Qalamun) was a Coptic Orthodox saint, venerated in all Oriental Orthodox Churches. He is most famous for his torture at the hands of the Chalcedonian Byzantines, for his witness of the Arab invasion of Egypt, and for having built the monastery that carries his name in Mount Qalamoun. He carries the label "confessor" because he endured torture for his Christian faith, but was not a martyr.

The manuscripts of the Coptic text known as the Apocalypse of Samuel of Kalamoun give his name as the author.

Chalcedonian Christianity
Chalcedonian Christianity is the branch of Christianity that accepts and upholds theological resolutions of the Council of Chalcedon, the fourth ecumenical council, held in AD 451. Chalcedonian Christianity accepts the Christological Definition of Chalcedon, a Christian doctrine concerning the union of two natures (divine and human) in one hypostasis of Jesus Christ, who is thus acknowledged as a single person (prosopon). Chalcedonian Christianity also accepts the Chalcedonian confirmation of the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed, thus acknowledging the commitment of Chalcedonism to Nicene Christianity.

Chalcedonian Christology is upheld by Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Lutheranism, Anglicanism and Calvinism (Reformed Christianity), thus comprising the overwhelming majority of Christianity.
Barossa Reservoir
Barossa Reservoir is a reservoir in the Australian state of South Australia, built between 1899 and 1902 to supply water to Gawler and other northern country areas. Built at a cost of almost A£170,000 the reservoir was hailed on completion as an engineering marvel, and with the reservoir wall rising to a height of 36 metres (118 ft), it was, at the time of its completion, the highest dam wall in Australia.

Engineers Australia
Engineers Australia (EA), known formally as the Institution of Engineers, Australia, is an Australian professional body and not-for-profit organisation whose purpose is to advance the science and practice of engineering for the benefit of the community. Engineers Australia is Australia's recognised organisation for accreditation of professional engineering qualifications under the Washington Accord. As of 2022, EA has 115,000 members, which includes 31,000 students.
42nd Blue Dragon Film Awards
The 42nd Blue Dragon Film Awards (Korean: 제42회 청룡영화상) ceremony was held on November 26, 2021, at KBS Hall in Yeouido, Seoul. Organized by Sports Chosun (a sister brand of Chosun Ilbo). It was aired live on KBS2 at 20:30 (KST). 18 categories were awarded at the 42nd edition of awards ceremony, hosted by Kim Hye-soo (28th time) and Yoo Yeon-seok (4th time). The nominations for 15 categories were announced for the 172 Korean films released from October 30, 2020, to October 14, 2021, on November 1, 2021. Escape from Mogadishu got 13 nominations in 10 categories, and won 6 awards including best film, popular film and popular star awards.

The Chosun Ilbo
The Chosun Ilbo (Korean: 조선일보, lit. 'Korea Daily Newspaper'), also known as The Chosun Daily, is a Korean-language newspaper of record for South Korea and among the oldest active newspapers in the country. With a daily circulation of more than 1,800,000, The Chosun Ilbo has been audited annually since the Audit Bureau of Circulations was established in 1993. The Chosun Ilbo and its subsidiary company, Digital Chosun, operate the Chosun.com news website, which also publishes news in English, Chinese, and Japanese.
Meiji Tokyo Renka
Meiji Tokyo Renka (Japanese: 明治東亰恋伽, Hepburn: Meiji Tōkyō Renka; lit. "Meiji Tokyo Love Song"), commonly abbreviated as Meikoi (めいこい), is a Japanese visual novel series produced by Mages, with character design and art provided by Karu. The series follows Mei Ayazuki, a high school girl who is sent back in time to the Meiji period and explores her relationships with spirits and Japanese historical figures.

Meiji Tokyo Renka was released as a mobile game by Dwango in 2011, with over 300,000 users playing the game. In 2013, it was ported onto the PlayStation Portable by Broccoli, and was then followed by game sequels and updated re-releases.

The original game franchise also expanded with a series of adaptations, including two theatrical animated films, musical theatre adaptations, an animated television series, and a live-action film.

Nobuhiko Okamoto
Nobuhiko Okamoto (岡本 信彦, Okamoto Nobuhiko; born October 24, 1986) is a Japanese voice actor and singer affiliated with Raccoon Dog. He won the Best New Actor Award at the 3rd Seiyu Awards and Best Supporting Actor Award at the 5th Seiyu Awards.