hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mile run at the NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships
The mile run and its metric 1500 metres equivalent have been held at the NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships since its founding in 1965. With the exception of two 1500 m races contested in 1984 and 1985, the mile is the only event on the NCAA schedule that has not transitioned from imperial measurements to metric. Hand timing was used until 1975, while starting in 1976 fully automatic timing was used. In 1986 and 1987, the 1⁄10-mile track that the races were run on was 25 inches (640 mm) per lap short, making the actual race distance less than one mile those years.

Fully automatic time
Fully automatic timing (abbreviated FAT) is a form of race timing in which the clock is automatically activated by the starting device, and the finish time is either automatically recorded, or timed by analysis of a photo finish. The system is commonly used in track and field as well as athletic performance testing, horse racing, dog racing, bicycle racing, rowing and auto racing. In these fields a photo finish is used. It is also used in competitive swimming, for which the swimmers themselves record a finish time by touching a touchpad at the end of a race. In order to verify the equipment, or in case of failure, a backup system (typically manual) is usually used in addition to FAT.
Theodosius (play)
Theodosius; Or, The Force Of Love is a 1680 tragedy by the English writer Nathaniel Lee. It was first staged by the Duke's Company at the Dorset Garden Theatre. It takes place during the reign of the Roman Emperor Theodosius II. Incidental music for the play was composed by Henry Purcell.

The original cast included Joseph Williams as Theodosius, Thomas Betterton as Varanes, William Smith as Marcian, John Wiltshire as Lucius, John Bowman as  Atticus, Mary Betterton as Pulcheria and Elizabeth Barry as Athenais. The published version was dedicated to the Duchess of Richmond.

The play remained popular and was revived numerous times over the following century and a half. A 1744 version at the Smock Alley Theatre in Dublin used fresh compositions from Thomas Arne, the leading English-born composer of the era. Actors who appeared in the title role included Lacy Ryan, Henry Giffard, Thomas Barry and John Philip Kemble.

John Bowman (actor)
John Bowman (1651–1739) was a British stage actor. He began his career in the Duke's Company at the Dorset Garden Theatre. In 1692, he married Elizabeth Watson, who acted under the name Elizabeth Bowman. He later switched to act at the Drury Lane Theatre. He is also referred to as John Boman.
Thomas Sammons (politician)
Thomas Sammons (October 1, 1762 – November 20, 1838) was a United States representative from New York.

The son of Sampson Sammons and Rachel Schoomaker, Sammons was born in Ulster County.  He attended the rural schools, served as an officer in the Revolutionary War, and engaged in agricultural pursuits. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1801, and  served as lieutenant, captain, and major in the State militia.

Sammons was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the 8th and 9th United States Congresses, holding office from March 4, 1803, to March 3, 1807. He was elected as a Federalist to the 11th, and as a Democratic-Republican to the 12th United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1813.

Afterwards he resumed his agricultural pursuits and died on the Sammons homestead in Montgomery County (near Johnstown). Interment was on the homestead in the Simeon Sammons Cemetery.

New York's congressional delegations
These are tables of congressional delegations from New York to the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate.

The dean of the New York delegation is Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-Brooklyn), who has served in Congress since 1981, in the Senate since 1999, and as the leader of the Senate Democratic Caucus since 2017.
Iocarmic acid
Iocarmic acid (trade name Dimer-X) is a pharmaceutical drug used as an iodinated contrast medium for X-ray imaging in the 1970s and 80s. Uses included imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes. It was applied in form of its salt, meglumine iocarmate.

It is not known to be marketed anywhere in the world in 2021.

Meglumine
Meglumine is a sugar alcohol derived from glucose that contains an amino group modification.  It is often used as an excipient in pharmaceuticals and in conjunction with iodinated compounds in contrast media such as diatrizoate meglumine,  iothalamate meglumine, and iodipamide meglumine.
Itō Line
The Itō Line (Japanese: 伊東線, Hepburn: Itō-sen) is a railway line owned by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) which connects Atami and Itō Stations, along the east coast of Izu Peninsula in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. From Itō, the line continues south to Shimoda under the privately owned and operated Izu Kyūkō Line.

Shimoda, Shizuoka
Shimoda (下田市, Shimoda-shi) is a city and port located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 19,670 in 10,436 households, and a population density of 188 persons per square kilometre (490 persons/mi2). The total area of the city is 104.71 square kilometres (40.43 sq mi). In the 1850s, Japan was in political crisis over its increasing inability to maintain its national seclusion policy and the issue of what relations, if any, it should have with foreign powers. For a few years, Shimoda was central to this debate.
1982 Sovran Bank Classic
The 1982 Sovran Bank Classic was a men's tennis tournament and was played on outdoor clay courts. The event was part of the 1982 Grand Prix circuit. It was the 14th edition of the tournament and was held at Rock Creek Park in Washington, D.C. from July 19 through July 25, 1982. First-seeded Ivan Lendl won the singles title.

Rock Creek Park
Rock Creek Park is a large urban park that bisects the Northwest quadrant of Washington, D.C. Created by Act of Congress in 1890, the park comprises 1,754 acres (2.74 mi2, 7.10 km2), generally along Rock Creek, a tributary of the Potomac River.

More than two million people visit the park each year, many to use recreation facilities such as its golf course; hiking, biking, and equestrian trails; tennis center; nature center; playgrounds, and picnic facilities.

The park is administered by the National Park Service, whose Rock Creek Park administrative unit administers dozens of other federally owned properties in the District of Columbia, including Meridian Hill Park, the Old Stone House in Georgetown, and some of the Fort Circle Parks, a series of batteries and forts built to defend the nation's capital during the American Civil War.

The Rock Creek Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 23, 1991.
Thymolphthalein
Thymolphthalein is a phthalein dye used as an acid–base (pH) indicator. Its transition range is around pH 9.3–10.5. Below this pH, it is colorless; above, it is blue. The molar extinction coefficient for the blue thymolphthalein dianion is 38,000 M−1 cm−1 at 595 nm.

Thymolphthalein is also known to have use as a laxative and for disappearing ink.

Molar absorption coefficient
In chemistry, the molar absorption coefficient or molar attenuation coefficient (ε) is a measurement of how strongly a chemical species absorbs, and thereby attenuates, light at a given wavelength. It is an intrinsic property of the species. The SI unit of molar absorption coefficient is the square metre per mole (m2/mol), but in practice, quantities are usually expressed in terms of M−1⋅cm−1 or L⋅mol−1⋅cm−1 (the latter two units are both equal to 0.1 m2/mol). In older literature, the cm2/mol is sometimes used; 1 M−1⋅cm−1 equals 1000 cm2/mol. The molar absorption coefficient is also known as the molar extinction coefficient  and molar absorptivity, but the use of these alternative terms has been discouraged by the IUPAC.
Rowing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's single sculls
The men's single sculls competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics took place at Henley-on-Thames, London, United Kingdom. The event was held from 5 to 9 August. There were 14 competitors from 14 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by Mervyn Wood of Australia, the nation's third victory in four Games (Bobby Pearce had won in 1928 and 1932). Eduardo Risso's silver was Uruguay's second medal in the event, after a bronze in 1932. Italy received its first men's single sculls medal with Romolo Catasta's bronze. The United States had its five-Games podium streak in the event ended, as John B. Kelly Jr. lost his semifinal by 0.4 seconds and did not advance to the final.

Bobby Pearce (rower)
Henry Robert Pearce (30 September 1905 – 20 May 1976) was an Australian three-time world champion sculler of the 1920s and 1930s. He won consecutive Olympic gold medals in the single sculls at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam and the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. He won the World Sculling Championship in 1933, and twice successfully defended that title in 1934 and 1938. He was a three-time Australian national champion and won the Diamond Sculls at the 1931 Henley Royal Regatta.
2025 Men's Junior Oceania Cup
The 2025 Men's Junior Oceania Cup was the sixth edition of the Junior Oceania Cup for men. The event was held at Lloyd Elsmore Park in Auckland, New Zealand from 30 January to 2 February 2025.

The tournament served as the Oceania qualifier for the 2025 FIH Junior World Cup to be held in India. As the Oceania Hockey Federation receives three qualification quotas, the top three placed nations gained qualification to the FIH Junior World Cup.

Australia won the tournament for the sixth consecutive time. They defeated New Zealand 3–2 in penalties after both teams were level on all tiebreakers at the conclusion of the test matches.

Penalty shootout
The penalty shootout is a method of determining a winner in sports matches that would have otherwise been drawn or tied. The rules for penalty shootouts vary between sports and even different competitions; however, the usual form is similar to penalty shots in that a single player takes one shot on goal from a specified spot, the only defender being the goalkeeper. If the result is still tied, the shootout usually continues on a "goal-for-goal" basis, with the teams taking shots alternately, and the one that scores a goal unmatched by the other team is declared the winner. This may continue until every player has taken a shot, after which players may take extra shots, until the tie is broken, and is also known as "sudden death".
Liquid and digits
Liquid and digits is a type of gestural, interpretive, rave and urban street dance that sometimes involve aspects of pantomime. The term invokes the word liquid to describe the fluid-like motion of the dancer's body and appendages and digits to refer to illusions constructed with the dancer's fingers. Liquid dancing has many moves in common with popping and waving. ("Waving" is a style of dance where the dancer tries to make it appear that waves are rolling through their body.) The exact origins of the dances are uncertain, although they came out of either popping, raves, or both sometime from the 1970s to 1990s. The dance is typically done to a variety of electronic dance music genres from trance to drum and bass to glitch hop, depending on the dancer's musical taste.

Interpretive dance
Interpretive dance is a family of modern dance styles that began around 1900 with Isadora Duncan. It used classical concert music but marked a departure from traditional concert dance, as a rebellion against the strict rules of classical ballet. It seeks to translate human emotions, conditions, situations or fantasies into movement and dramatic expression, as opposed to following a specific dance style or telling a linear story.  It may also adapt traditional ethnic movements into more modern expressions.
Themes and Songs from The Quiet Man
Themes and Songs from The Quiet Man is a Decca Records album by Victor Young and Bing Crosby featuring the music used in the Republic Pictures film The Quiet Man. It was issued as a 10” LP with catalog No. DL5411 and as a 4-disc 45rpm set (9–342).

Victor Young
Albert Victor Young (August 8, 1899– November 10, 1956)  was an American composer, arranger, violinist and conductor. Young was posthumously awarded the Academy Award for Best Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture for Around the World in 80 Days at the 29th Academy Awards in 1957.
Coquine
Coquine is a restaurant located in the Mount Tabor neighborhood of Portland, Oregon, United States.  The restaurant serves French-inspired food made from ingredients purchased from local farms as well as Stumptown Coffee.

Guy Savoy
Guy Patrice Savoy (French: [ɡi savwa]; born 24 July 1953) is a French chef who is the head chef and owner of the eponymous Restaurant Guy Savoy in Paris, France, and its sister restaurant in Las Vegas, U.S., both of which have earned multiple Michelin stars. He owns three other restaurants in Paris.
Epichloë typhina
Epichloë typhina is a haploid sexual species in the fungal genus Epichloë. It was originally described as a Sphaeria species. Today, however, it is classified in Epichloë.

A systemic grass symbiont first described as Sphaeria typhina by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1798, and transferred to genus Epichloë in 1865, E. typhina forms an only partially resolved species complex within the Epichloë genus.

Epichloë typhina is found in Europe, but has been introduced widely in North America and elsewhere. It lives in association with a large number of grass species from multiple genera, including Anthoxanthum odoratum, Brachypodium phoenicoides, Brachypodium pinnatum, Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Milium effusum, Phleum pratense, Poa trivialis, Poa silvicola and Puccinellia distans.  Epichloë typhina appears to be seed-transmissible only in Puccinellia distans.

Timothy (grass)
Timothy (Phleum pratense) is a species of perennial grass native to most of Europe except for the Mediterranean region. It is also known as timothy-grass,  meadow cat's-tail or common cat's-tail. It is a member of the genus Phleum, consisting of about 15 species of annual and perennial grasses.

It is probably named after Timothy Hanson, an American farmer and agriculturalist said to have introduced it from New England to the southern states in the early 18th century. Upon his recommendation it became a major source of hay and cattle fodder to British farmers in the mid-18th century.

Timothy can be confused with meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis) or purple-stem cat's-tail (Phleum phleoides).
James Mansergh
James Mansergh FRS (29 April 1834 – 15 June 1905) was an English civil engineer.

Mansergh was born in Lancaster. He started his career in railway work and then designed many sewerage schemes and fresh water schemes.

His most famous projects were:

Elan Valley Dam and Elan aqueduct for Birmingham Corporation Water Department, England (water supply).

Hury Reservoir for Stockton and Middlesbrough, England (water supply).

Abbeystead Dam, one of the first stone-faced concrete dams.

Werribee sewage works and farm for Melbourne, Australia.

Claymills Pumping Station for Burton upon Trent, England (sewage disposal).

Laid out parts of Ramsey, Isle of Man (drainage).

Ramsey, Isle of Man
Ramsey (Manx: Rhumsaa) is a coastal town in the north of the Isle of Man. It is the island's largest town after Douglas was granted city status in 2024.  Ramsey's population is 8,288 according to the 2021 Census. It has one of the biggest harbours on the Island, and has a prominent semi-derelict pier, called the Queen's Pier (currently under restoration). It was formerly one of the main points of communication with Scotland. Ramsey has also been a route for several invasions by the Vikings and Scots.

Ramsey is also known as "Royal Ramsey" due to royal visits by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in 1847 and by King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra in 1902.
Tongguan County
Tongguan County (alternately romanized as Tungkwan) is a county in the east of Shaanxi province, China, administered as part of the prefecture-level city of Weinan. It is named after the Tong Pass, a historical fortress located south of the confluence of the Wei and Yellow Rivers. It is the southeastern corner of the Ordos Loop, the point at which the Qin Mountains turn the Yellow River sharply eastward, forcing it into the North China Plain, and borders the provinces of Shanxi to the north and Henan to the east.

Weinan
Weinan (Chinese: 渭南; pinyin: Wèinán) is a prefecture-level city in east-central Shaanxi province, northwest China. The city lies on the lower section of the Wei River confluence into the Yellow River, about 60 km (37 mi) east of the provincial capital Xi'an, and borders the provinces of Shanxi and Henan to the east.

The name "Weinan", literally meaning "south of the Wei River", describes the location of the city's urban districts being mostly south of the Wei River, although majority of its metropolitan area actually lies on the north side of the river.
Jerusalem Chamber
The Jerusalem Chamber is a room in what was formerly the abbot's house of Westminster Abbey. The room overlooks the main west door of the abbey. It was added in the fourteenth century. The abbot's house was made the deanery when the monastery was dissolved in 1540.

Henry IV of England died in the Jerusalem Chamber on 20 March 1413, and the Committee to write the King James Version of the Bible met there in 1611. The Upper House of Convocation often met there, and the Westminster Assembly met there from the Winter of 1643 until its dissolution.

The Jerusalem Chamber is referenced in act IV of William Shakespeare’s play Henry IV, Part 2.

Abbot of Westminster
The Abbot of Westminster was the head (abbot) of Westminster Abbey, until the reformation, when the position was replaced by the Dean of Westminster. The position of Abbot of Westminster was a significant role in English history, with the abbots overseeing Westminster Abbey from its early days as a Benedictine monastery through major transformations over the centuries.
Oklahoma Sooners women's soccer
The Oklahoma Sooners women's soccer team represents the University of Oklahoma in NCAA Division I college soccer. The team competes in the Southeastern Conference, and plays its home games at John Crain Field in Norman, Oklahoma. The Sooners are currently led by head coach Matt Mott.

Texas A&M Aggies women's soccer
The Texas A&M Aggies women's soccer team represents Texas A&M University in NCAA Division I college soccer. The team belongs to the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and plays its home games at Ellis Field.
Holando-Argentino
Holando-Argentino is a breed of cattle primarily found in Argentina, and derived from Holstein-Friesian Cattle. It was first introduced from the Netherlands in 1880, to the fertile regions of the Pampas, and devoted to the production of both beef and milk.

Holando-Argentino cattle can be now found in the Argentine provinces of Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Córdoba and Entre Ríos, as well as in small river basins in Salta, Tucumán, Formosa, Catamarca and Mendoza. They have also been exported to neighbouring countries. They are now primarily kept for milk production.

The cows are medium-sized, standing 1.4 to 1.5 metres tall and weighing 600 to 650 kg. Good legs and feet allow extensive foraging.

Promotion of this breed and technical resources to manage it are the goals of the Asociación Criadores de Holando-Argentino (ACHA, Holando-Argentino Breeders Association), founded in 1944.

Catamarca Province
Catamarca (Spanish pronunciation: [kataˈmaɾka]) is a province of Argentina, located in the northwest of the country. The province had a population of 429,556 as per the 2022 census [INDEC], and covers an area of 102,602 km2. Its literacy rate is 95.5%. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise, from the north): Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Córdoba, and La Rioja. To the west it borders the country of Chile.

The capital is San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, usually shortened to Catamarca. Other important cities include Andalgalá, Tinogasta, and Belén.
Rubis Energy Kenya
KenolKobil Plc, is a pan African downstream oil company. The group's operations span seven countries across Eastern, Central and Southern Africa and encompass the supply, storage, distribution and retail of a wide range of petroleum products.

Downstream (petroleum industry)
The oil and gas industry is usually divided into three major sectors: upstream, midstream, and downstream. The downstream sector is the refining of petroleum crude oil and the processing and purifying of raw natural gas, as well as the marketing and distribution of products derived from crude oil and natural gas. The downstream sector reaches consumers through products such as gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil, heating oil, fuel oils, lubricants, waxes, asphalt, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as well as naphtha and hundreds of petrochemicals.

Midstream operations are often included in the downstream category and are considered to be a part of the downstream sector.
Monty Scott
Monty Scott is a Canadian stand-up comedian. He is most noted for his 2019 comedy album The Abyss Stares Back, which received a Juno Award nomination for Comedy Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2020. The album was inspired in part by his recovery from a 2018 injury caused by falling down the steps to his basement apartment. Scott spent two days in a coma following the fall.

Scott is an original member of Comedy Records' Roster and was featured on the label's 10 Year Anniversary Album.

Comedy Records
Comedy Records is an independent record label run by Toronto-based comedians Tim Golden and Barry Taylor. The label only releases stand up and sketch comedy albums. Comedy Records currently has offices in Toronto and Miami.
Multiple drug resistance
Multiple drug resistance (MDR), multidrug resistance or multiresistance is antimicrobial resistance shown by a species of microorganism to at least one antimicrobial drug in three or more antimicrobial categories. Antimicrobial categories are classifications of antimicrobial agents based on their mode of action and specific to target organisms. The MDR types most threatening to public health are MDR bacteria that resist multiple antibiotics; other types include MDR viruses, parasites (resistant to multiple antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic drugs of a wide chemical variety).

Antiviral drug
Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used for treating viral infections. Most antivirals target specific viruses, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses. Antiviral drugs are a class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes antibiotic (also termed antibacterial), antifungal and antiparasitic drugs, or antiviral drugs based on monoclonal antibodies. Most antivirals are considered relatively harmless to the host, and therefore can be used to treat infections. They should be distinguished from virucides, which are not medication but deactivate or destroy virus particles, either inside or outside the body. Natural virucides are produced by some plants such as eucalyptus and Australian tea trees.