hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Akpınar, Adıyaman
Akpınar is a village in the Adıyaman District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 716 in 2021.

The hamlets of Çakmak, Çınar, Harabe, Küçük Boyalı, Maloğlu and Nacar are attached to Akpınar.

Adıyaman District
Adıyaman District (Turkish: merkez ilçe, meaning "central district") is a district of Adıyaman Province of Turkey. Its seat is the city Adıyaman. Its area is 1,814 km2, and its population is 312,207 (2021).
Old Falkenstein Castle
Old Falkenstein Castle (German: Burg Alter Falkenstein or Burg Alt-Falkenstein) in the Harz Mountains of Germany is the castle site or burgstall of a high medieval hill castle. It lies on the territory of Falkenstein/Harz in the state of Saxony-Anhalt in the district of Harz. It was built in the 11th century A.D. and destroyed in 1115.

Burgstall
A burgstall (German pronunciation: [ˈbʊʁkˌʃtal] ⓘ) is a German term referring to a castle of which so little is left that its appearance cannot effectively be reconstructed. It has no direct equivalent in English, but may be loosely translated as "castle site". Variations in the literature include Burgstelle, Altburgstelle, die Burgställe (plural), Burgstähl (archaic) or abgegangene Burg ("lost castle"). In German castle studies, a burgstall is a castle that has effectively been levelled, whereas a "ruin" (Ruine) still has recognisable remnants of the original castle above the level of the ground.
Pavel Kopytin
Pavel Kopytin (born March 17, 1987) is a Russian professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing with Saryarka Karaganda of the Supreme Hockey League (VHL).

Kopytin made his Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) debut playing with Atlant Moscow Oblast during the 2013–14 KHL season.

Saryarka Karagandy
Hockey Club Saryarka (Kazakh: Сарыарқа хоккей клубы;  Saryarqa Hokei Kluby; Russian: Хоккейный клуб Сарыарка), commonly referred as Saryarka Karagandy, is a professional ice hockey team based in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. They Currently play in the Kazakhstan Hockey Championship.
Pogliano Milanese
Pogliano Milanese (Lombard: Pojan [puˈjãː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Milan.

Pogliano Milanese borders the following municipalities: Lainate, Nerviano, Rho, Vanzago, Pregnana Milanese, Arluno.

Rho, Lombardy
Rho (Italian: [ˈrɔ]; Lombard: Rò; Latin: Rhaudum) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 14 kilometres (9 miles) northwest of Milan, Italy.
2004 Oklahoma Democratic presidential primary
The 2004 Oklahoma Democratic presidential primary, part of the process of selecting that party's nominee for President of the United States, took place on February 3, one of the seven nominating contests of 2004's "Mini-Tuesday".  The primary election chose 40 pledged delegates to represent Oklahoma at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. The remainder of Oklahoma's 47 delegates consisted of unpledged superdelegates not bound by the results of the primary. The election was a closed primary, meaning that only registered Democrats could vote in this election. Wesley Clark won the primary by a razor-thin margin over John Edwards, making Oklahoma the only state to vote for Clark in the primary.

2004 Democratic National Convention
The 2004 Democratic National Convention convened from July 26 to 29, 2004 at the FleetCenter (now the TD Garden) in Boston, Massachusetts, and nominated Senator John Kerry from Massachusetts for president and Senator John Edwards from North Carolina for vice president, respectively, in the 2004 presidential election.

The 2004 Democratic National Convention was famous for the keynote speech of Barack Obama, who would go on to be elected President four years later. New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson served as chairman of the convention, while former presidential advisor to Bill Clinton, Lottie Shackelford, served as vice chairwoman of the convention.

The 2004 Democratic National Convention marked the formal end of the active primary election season, although all meaningful primary elections had finished months earlier. After the convention, John Kerry and John Edwards were defeated by the incumbent George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the general election.
Kian Teck
Kian Teck (IPA: /ˈkjɛn tɛk/ KYEN tek, Chinese: 建德) is an area in Jurong Industrial Estate in Singapore. It is in between Joo Koon and Boon Lay stations. It is home to many dormitories which houses foreign workers as well as factories and warehouses. Arena Country Club is also located within the industrial estate.

Boon Lay MRT station
Boon Lay MRT station is a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the East–West Line (EWL) in Jurong West, Singapore. Situated along Boon Lay Way, the station is integrated with the Boon Lay Bus Interchange and Jurong Point as part of the Boon Lay Integrated Transport Hub. Other landmarks surrounding the station include the SAFRA Clubhouse and Jurong West Public Library.

Initially announced as Jurong West, the station was briefly shelved before the decision was reversed in August 1987. The EWL station opened on 6 July 1990 and was the last station to be completed on the initial MRT network. It was the terminus of the EWL until the line's extension to Joo Koon station in 2009. In May 2018, it was announced that the station would be an interchange with the Jurong Region Line when the first stage opens in 2027.
Groß Pankow (Prignitz)
Groß Pankow (Prignitz) is a municipality in Prignitz district, Brandenburg, Germany. The municipality was formed in 2001 from the union of municipalities of the former Amt of Groß Pankow/Prignitz and some in Amt Pritzwalk-Land. Amt Groß Pankow/Prignitz was then dissolved.

From 1815 to 1945, the constituent localities of Groß Pankow were part of the Prussian Province of Brandenburg. From 1952 to 1990, they were part of the Bezirk Potsdam of East Germany.

Groß Pankow is connected via German Federal Highway B 189 to the cities of Pritzwalk, Perleberg, Wittenberge and Magdeburg.

Province of Brandenburg
The Province of Brandenburg (German: Provinz Brandenburg) was a province of Prussia from 1815 to 1947. Brandenburg was established in 1815 from the Kingdom of Prussia's core territory, comprised the bulk of the historic Margraviate of Brandenburg (excluding Altmark) and the Lower Lusatia region, and became part of the German Empire in 1871. From 1918, Brandenburg was a province of the Free State of Prussia until Prussia was dissolved in 1945 after World War II, and replaced with reduced territory as the State of Brandenburg in East Germany, which was later dissolved in 1952. Following the reunification of Germany in 1990, Brandenburg was re-established as a federal state of Germany, becoming one of the new states.

Brandenburg's provincial capital alternated between Potsdam, Berlin, and Charlottenburg during its existence.
Typhoon Aere (2004)
Typhoon Aere, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Marce, was a mid-season category two typhoon that brought severe damage to Taiwan and the People's Republic of China in late August 2004. Aere is the Marshallese word for 'storm'.

San Mateo, Rizal
San Mateo, officially the Municipality of San Mateo (Tagalog: Bayan ng San Mateo),  is a municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 276,449 people.

Conurbated to the urban agglomeration of the Greater Manila Area, San Mateo is one of the fastest-growing municipalities in Rizal Province, according to the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) and the Provincial Government of Rizal. It is a commuter hub to Metro Manila.

San Mateo is the home of the miraculous image of Our Lady of Aranzazu (Nuestra Señora de Aranzazu).
Petrovsky lacuna
In mathematics, a Petrovsky lacuna, named for the Russian mathematician I. G. Petrovsky, is a region where the fundamental solution of a linear hyperbolic partial differential equation vanishes. 
They were studied by Petrovsky (1945) who found topological conditions for their existence.

Petrovsky's work was generalized and updated by Atiyah, Bott, and Gårding (1970, 1973).

Lars Gårding
Lars Gårding (7 March 1919 – 7 July 2014) was a Swedish mathematician. He made notable contributions to the study of partial differential equations and partial differential operators. He was a professor of mathematics at Lund University in Sweden from 1952 to 1984. Together with Marcel Riesz, he was a thesis advisor for Lars Hörmander. In physics, he is known for postulating the Gårding–Wightman axioms of quantum field theory.
Kermet Apio
Kermet Apio (pronounced ah-pe-oh) is an American stand-up comedian. He is from Honolulu, Hawaii and resides in Seattle, Washington. He is perhaps best known for being the winner of The Great American Comedy Festival, based out of Norfolk, Nebraska. Similar to other comics, like Brian Regan or Eddie Brill, Apio refrains from off-color humor, instead relying on observational comedy, sarcasm, and satire. Because of this, he has gained even more recognition for being a family friendly comic.

Norfolk, Nebraska
Norfolk is a city in Madison County, Nebraska, United States, 113 miles (182 km) northwest of Omaha and 76 miles southwest of Sioux City, Iowa, at the intersection of U.S. Routes 81 and 275. The population was 24,955 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh-most populous city in Nebraska. It is the principal city of the Norfolk Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Totally Awesome
Totally Awesome is a television film produced by VH1. Totally Awesome directly parodies a number of 1980s movies, including Dirty Dancing, Soul Man, Footloose, Some Kind of Wonderful, Sixteen Candles, Teen Wolf, Better Off Dead, Lucas, Pretty in Pink, and The Karate Kid.

The film premiered on November 4, 2006, on VH1, and was broadcast to promote the film's DVD release on November 7.

Ben Stein
Benjamin Jeremy Stein (born November 25, 1944) is an American writer, lawyer, actor, comedian, and commentator on political and economic issues. He began his career as a speechwriter for U.S. presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford before entering the entertainment field as an actor, comedian, and game show host. He is best known on screen as the economics teacher in Ferris Bueller's Day Off, as the host of Win Ben Stein's Money, and as Dr. Arthur Neuman in The Mask and Son of the Mask. Stein also co-wrote and starred in the controversial 2008 film Expelled which was widely criticized for promoting pseudoscientific intelligent design creationist claims. Stein is the son of economist and writer Herbert Stein, who worked at the White House under President Nixon. As a character actor, he is well known for his droning, monotonous delivery. In comedy, he is known for his deadpan delivery.
Politics in 19th-century Hungary
Politics in 19th-century Hungary substantially driven by the "Ideology of '47, '48, '49 and '67", which refer to a set of different normative beliefs that were prevalent in the country in the second half of the 19th century. The political spectrum and the society changed dramatically during that time, especially through decisive events such as the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 or the Ausgleich in 1867. Many scholars have argued that this had a transformative effect not only on the legal and governmental systems of the time, but also on the legal claims of different social groups which resulted in the formation of a new political landscape after both major historical events.

Ferenc Deák (politician)
Ferenc Deák de Kehida (archaically English: Francis Deak, Croatian: Franjo Deák; 17 October 1803 – 28 January 1876) was a Hungarian statesman and Minister of Justice. He was known as "The Wise Man of the Nation" and one of the greatest figures of Hungary's liberal movement.

He was an instrumental contributor to a number of major events in Hungarian history, including passing and support of the April laws, the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and the Hungarian Nationalities Law (1868). While generally supporting reformist policies, he was well recognized for finding and negotiating reasonable middle ground compromises between various extremist political factions throughout his career.
2011–12 West of Scotland Super League Premier Division
The 2011–12 West of Scotland Super League Premier Division was the tenth Super League Premier Division competition since the formation of the Scottish Junior Football Association, West Region in 2002. The season began on 13 August 2011. The winners of this competition gain direct entry to round one of the 2012–13 Scottish Cup. The two last placed sides were  relegated to the Super League First Division. The third-bottom placed side entered the West Region league play-off, a two-legged tie against the third placed side in the Super League First Division, to decide the final promotion/relegation spot.

Irvine Meadow won the championship on 19 May 2012, their third title in four seasons.

Kilbirnie Ladeside and Largs Thistle were relegated. Pollok defeated Renfrew in the West Region league play-off to retain their place in the division.

SJFA West Region Premiership
The SJFA West Region Premiership (also known as the McBookie.com West Region Premiership for sponsorship reasons) was a semi-professional football league run by the West Region of the Scottish Junior Football Association, and was the highest tier of league competition for its member clubs.

Formerly known as the West of Scotland Super League Premier Division, the league was created in 2002 with the amalgamation of the top leagues of the Central and Ayrshire regions.

It was abolished in 2020 when all SJFA West Region clubs moved to join the newly formed senior West of Scotland Football League.

The final champions and most successful club were Auchinleck Talbot, who won seven league titles. A total of 32 clubs competed in the league.
HyperStealth Biotechnology Corporation
HyperStealth Biotechnology Corporation is a Canadian manufacturer of military camouflage uniforms. It was founded in 1999. It is based in Maple Ridge, British Columbia near Vancouver. Its chief executive officer and president is Guy Cramer.

As of 2017, it has made camouflages for the armies of  Jordan, Chile and the United Arab Emirates and Afghanistan. According to The New York Times, the United States federal government (USFG) spent $28 million more on their uniforms for the Afghan National Army between 2007 and 2017 than they could have with another camouflage pattern. They also have a patent pending to use the Quantum Stealth (Invisibility Cloak) claiming to amplify output of solar panels.

HyperStealth has also been featured around the world in the news, science articles, magazines, TV news and interviews, and YouTube.

Maple Ridge, British Columbia
Maple Ridge is a city in British Columbia, Canada. It is located in the northeastern section of Greater Vancouver between the Fraser River and the Golden Ears, a group of mountain summits which constitute the southernmost portion of the Garibaldi Ranges of the Coast Mountains. Maple Ridge's population in 2021 was 90,990. Its downtown core area was once known as Haney.
Alexandria National Cemetery (Louisiana)
Alexandria National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Pineville, in Rapides Parish, Louisiana. It occupies approximately 8 acres (3.2 ha), and is site to over 10,000 interments as of the end of 2020.

Rapides Parish, Louisiana
Rapides Parish (/ˈræpiːdz/) (French: Paroisse des Rapides) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 130,023. The parish seat and largest city is Alexandria, which developed along the Red River of the South. Rapides is the French word for "rapids". The parish was created in 1807 after the United States acquired this territory in the Louisiana Purchase.

Rapides Parish is included in the Alexandria metropolitan area, Louisiana.
2021 Potchefstroom Open II – Singles
This was the second of two editions of the tournament in the 2021 tennis season. Benjamin Bonzi was the defending champion but lost in the second round to Jenson Brooksby.

Brooksby won the title after defeating Teymuraz Gabashvili 2–6, 6–3, 6–0 in the final.

Jenson Brooksby
Jenson Tyler "J. T." Brooksby (born October 26, 2000) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 33, achieved on June 13, 2022. Brooksby has won one ATP Tour singles title at the 2025 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships.
First Saini ministry
The First Saini ministry  was the council of ministers in the Indian state of Haryana headed by Nayab Singh Saini. The ministry was formed on 12 March 2024 and Saini along with five others took oaths of office.
The first cabinet expansion took place on 19 March 2024 where 8 MLA's took oath as ministers out which one cabinet and seven minister of state. The ministry was dissolved on 17 October 2024 following the result of the 2024 Haryana Legislative Assembly election.

Gohana was announced to be 23rd district of Haryana by Chief minister Nayab Singh Saini.

Haryana Legislative Assembly
The Haryana Legislative Assembly (ISO: Hariyāṇā Vidhāna Sabhā) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Haryana. The seating of the assembly is at Chandigarh, the capital of the state. There are 90 seats in the house filled by direct election using a single-member first-past-the-post voting system. The term of office is five years.
Syntax diagram
Syntax diagrams (or railroad diagrams) are a way to represent a context-free grammar. They represent a graphical alternative to Backus–Naur form, EBNF, Augmented Backus–Naur form, and other text-based grammars as metalanguages. Early books using syntax diagrams include the "Pascal User Manual" written by Niklaus Wirth (diagrams start at page 47) and the Burroughs CANDE Manual. In the compilation field, textual representations like BNF or its variants are usually preferred. BNF is text-based, and used by compiler writers and parser generators. Railroad diagrams are visual, and may be more readily understood by laypeople, sometimes incorporated into graphic design. The canonical source defining the JSON data interchange format provides yet another example of a popular modern usage of these diagrams.

JSON
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation, pronounced /ˈdʒeɪsən/ or /ˈdʒeɪˌsɒn/) is an open standard file format and data interchange format that uses human-readable text to store and transmit data objects consisting of name–value pairs and arrays (or other serializable values). It is a commonly used data format with diverse  uses in electronic data interchange, including that of web applications with servers.

JSON is a programming language-independent data format. It was derived from JavaScript, but many modern programming languages include code to generate and parse JSON-format data. JSON filenames use the extension .json.

Douglas Crockford originally specified the JSON format in the early 2000s. They and Chip Morningstar sent the first JSON message in April 2001.
Mohd Ashraf Mustaqim Badrul Munir
Mohd Ashraf Mustaqim bin Badrul Munir is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Kedah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Kota Siputeh since August 2023. He is a member of Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition, formerly PH coalitions.

Kedah State Legislative Assembly
The Kedah State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Undangan Negeri Kedah) is the state legislature of the Malaysian state of Kedah. It is a unicameral institution, consisting of a total of 36 lawmakers representing single-member constituencies throughout the state.

Members of the unicameral state legislature are called state assemblymen. The Legislative Assembly building is located at the Wisma Darul Aman in the state capital, Alor Setar.

Out of the 36 seats, 33 are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) ruling coalition after the 2023 state election. Thus, the PN coalition  commands a two-thirds supermajority in the assembly. Meanwhile, Pakatan Harapan (PH) that comprises People's Justice Party (PKR) holds just 2 seats, followed by Democratic Action Party (DAP) which retain only single seat.
Bolender
Bolender is a German variant of the Swedish language surname Bolander.

Notable people with the surname include :

Bernard Bolender (1952–1995), American mass murderer

Bill Bolender (born 1940), American actor

Carroll H. Bolender (1919–1995), U.S. Air Force officer

John Bolender (1837–1902), American farmer and politician

Kurt Bolender (1912–1966), German Nazi SS officer and Holocaust perpetrator

Todd Bolender (1914–2006), American ballet dancer and choreographer

John Bolender
John Bolender (March 5, 1837 – June 18, 1902) was an American farmer and politician.

Born in Union County, Pennsylvania, Bolender moved with his parents to Illinois in 1840. He then moved to Juda, Wisconsin. In 1861, Bolender moved to Monroe, Wisconsin and was a farmer. Bolender served as town clerk and village treasurer. Bolender served on the Green County Board of Supervisors and was chairman of the county board. In 1882 and 1883, Bolender served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. Bolender died in Monroe, Wisconsin.
Lahat railway station (Indonesia)
Lahat Station (LT) is a class I railway station located in Lahat, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The station is located at an altitude of +112 meters and is operated by the Regional Division III Palembang of Kereta Api Indonesia.

There is also Lahat railway workshop located northeast of the station. The workshop served as maintenance facility for locomotives, passenger coaches and freight wagons in southern Sumatra railway operations.

Kereta Api Indonesia
PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) (lit. 'Indonesian Railways (State-owned) Limited', KAI) is the main state-owned railway operator of Indonesia. KAI provides intercity passenger services directly, while its subsidiaries provide commuter rail services (KAI Commuter), airport link services (KAI Bandara), freight rail services (KAI Logistik), as well as infrastructure maintenance (KAI Services). KAI also operates in other sectors, such as properties management (KAI Properti) and tourism (KAI Wisata). KAI also has indirect control of Whoosh through its ownership of a majority of shares in PT Pilar Sinergi BUMN Indonesia (PSBI), another state-owned enterprise of Indonesia.

KAI operates on the islands of Sumatra, Java, and Sulawesi, with a total of 6,945 kilometres (4,315 mi) of tracks. Also holds track-assets and planned services on Madura Island. In 2024, KAI carried 505 million passengers and 73.5 million tonnes of cargo, earning Rp 36.1 trillion in revenue.
Genetic significant dose
Genetic significant dose (GSD), or genetically significant dose, was initially defined by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) in 1958.

It represents an estimate of the genetic significance of gonad radiation doses. Annual GSD is calculated by weighting the individual gonad doses received during ionizing imaging by the number of individual examined, and accounting for the number of offspring for each individual.

Gonad
A gonad, sex gland, or reproductive gland is a mixed gland and sex organ that produces the gametes and sex hormones of an organism. Female reproductive cells are egg cells, and male reproductive cells are sperm. The male gonad, the testicle, produces sperm in the form of spermatozoa. The female gonad, the ovary, produces egg cells. Both of these gametes are haploid cells. Some hermaphroditic animals (and some humans‍— see Ovotesticular syndrome) have a type of gonad called an ovotestis.