hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Channel 47 digital TV stations in the United States
The following television stations broadcast on digital channel 47 in the United States:

K47JC-D in Wadena, Minnesota, to move to channel 22, on virtual channel 47

K47JE-D in Olivia, Minnesota, to move to channel 15, on virtual channel 47

K47JK-D in Pocatello, Idaho, to move to channel 20

KWCC-LD in Wenatchee, Washington, to move to channel 25

KWWO-LD in Walla Walla, Washington, to move to channel 32

The following stations, which are no longer licensed, formerly broadcast on digital channel 47:

K47BP-D in Follett, Texas

K47GM-D in New Mobeetie, Texas

K47LM-D in Prineville, etc., Oregon

KKNF-LD in Lufkin, Texas

KLPN-LD in Longview, Texas

W47DM-D in Cullowhee, North Carolina

W47DX-D in Canovanas, Puerto Rico

WEKK-LD in Wausau, Wisconsin

KRLB-LD
KRLB-LD (channel 29) is a low-power religious television station in Richland, Washington, United States, affiliated with the Trinity Broadcasting Network. Owned by Radiant Light Broadcasting, the station is relayed full-time on KWWO-LD (channel 47) in Walla Walla, Washington.

This station is not related to WRLM in Canton, Ohio, whose licensee name is the similar Radiant Life Ministries.
Labouchère Amendment
Section 11 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885, commonly known as the Labouchère Amendment, made "gross indecency" a crime in the United Kingdom. In practice, the law was used broadly to prosecute male homosexuals where actual sodomy (meaning, in this context, anal intercourse) could not be proven. The penalty of life imprisonment for sodomy (until 1861 it had been death) was also so harsh that successful prosecutions were rare. The new law was much more enforceable. In England and Wales, section 11 was repealed and re-enacted by section 13 of the Sexual Offences Act 1956; this in turn was repealed by the Sexual Offences Act 1967, which partially decriminalised male homosexual behaviour.

Most famously, Oscar Wilde was convicted under section 11 and sentenced to two years' hard labour, and Alan Turing was convicted under it and sentenced to oestrogen injections (chemical castration) as an alternative to prison.

Frank Harris
Frank Harris (14 February 1856 – 26 August 1931) was an Irish-American editor, novelist, short story writer, journalist and publisher, who was friendly with many well-known figures of his day.

Born in Ireland, he emigrated to the United States early in life, working in a variety of unskilled jobs before attending the University of Kansas to study law. After graduation, he quickly tired of his legal career and returned to Europe sometime prior to 1882. He traveled in continental Europe before settling in London to pursue a career in journalism. In 1921, in his sixties, he became a US citizen. Though he attracted much attention during his life for his irascible, aggressive personality, editorship of famous periodicals, and friendship with the talented and famous, he is remembered mainly for his multiple-volume memoir My Life and Loves, which was banned in countries around the world for its sexual explicitness.
Sylvester Jordan
Franz Sylvester Jordan (1792–1861) was a German politician and lawyer.

Born on 30 December 1792 in Omes, near Axams in Austria, Jordan went to school at the Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich. After studying jurisprudence and cameralism at the universities of Vienna and Landshut, he became a professor of constitutional law at the University of Marburg in 1821.

Jordan contributed significantly to the drafting of the constitution of 1830 and thus the creation of the Hessian Diet. However, he got into conflict with the state government and was placed under police surveillance. He was arrested in 1839 under suspicion of being part of the Frankfurter Wachensturm six years earlier and was later sentenced to five years in prison. After two years in prison in Marburg, the supreme court of appeal in Kassel lifted the ruling and Jordan was freed.

Jordan served 10 months as a member of the Frankfurt Parliament between 18 July 1848 and 20 May 1849. He died on 15 April 1861 in Kassel.

Marburg
Marburg (/ˈmɑːrbʊərk/; German: [ˈmaːɐ̯bʊʁk] or [ˈmaʁbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a university town in the German state (Land) of Hesse and the capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district (Landkreis). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has a population of approximately 76,000.

Having been awarded town privileges in 1222, Marburg served as capital of the landgraviate of Hessen-Marburg during periods of the 15th to 17th centuries. The University of Marburg was founded in 1527 and dominates the public life in the town to this day.

Marburg is a historic centre of the pharmaceutical industry in Germany, and there is a plant in the town (by BioNTech) to produce vaccines to tackle COVID-19.
Bits of Freedom
Stichting Bits Of Freedom is a Dutch non-profit advocacy group focused on digital rights such as the right to privacy and communication. It was founded 2000 and had break between 2006 and August 2009, due to lack of funding. In August 2009, Bits of Freedom restarted its activities with funding provided by the Internet4All Foundation.

Bits of Freedom organizes the Dutch version of the Big Brother Awards, initiated European cooperation between digital rights watch foundations in European Digital Rights (EDRI) and collects information about data leaks in the Netherlands to raise awareness of the potential dangers of increasing collection of data.

Communication rights
Communication rights involve freedom of opinion and expression, democratic media governance, media ownership and media control, participation in one's own culture, linguistic rights, rights to education, privacy,  assemble, and self-determination.  They are also related inclusion and exclusion,  quality and accessibility to  means of communication.

A "right to communicate" and "communication rights" are closely related, but not identical. The former is more associated with the New World Information and Communication Order debate, and points to the need for a formal legal acknowledgment of such a right, as an overall framework for more effective implementation. The latter emphasizes the fact that an array of international rights underpinning communication already exists, but many are often ignored and require active mobilization and assertion.
Euromarché
Euromarché (Euromarket) was a French hypermarket chain. The first store opened in 1968 in Saint-Michel-sur-Orge. In June 1991, the group was acquired by its rival, Carrefour, for 5.2 billion francs.

In June 1991, there were 77 Euromarché hypermarkets, 47 DIY stores Bricorama, and 57 cafétérias Eris. Sandra Mackey, author of The Saudis: Inside the Desert Kingdom, said in 1987 that it was "the French equivalent of K-Mart."

Saint-Michel-sur-Orge
Saint-Michel-sur-Orge (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ miʃɛl syʁ ɔʁʒ] ⓘ, literally Saint-Michel on Orge) is a commune in the Essonne département of France. It is in the southern suburbs of Paris, 24.7 km (15.3 mi) from the center of Paris.

Inhabitants of Saint-Michel-sur-Orge are known as Saint-Michellois.
Automated Criminal Intelligence Information System
The Automated Criminal Intelligence Information System (ACIIS) is a Canadian on-line computer application established in 1976.

This database is the national intelligence repository for the use of all Criminal Intelligence Service Canada members in Canada. All member agencies cooperate with each other in the collection, collation, evaluation, analysis and dissemination of criminal intelligence by contributing to ACIIS.

Information repository
In information technology, an information repository or simply a repository is "a central place in which an aggregation of data is kept and maintained in an organized way, usually in computer storage."  It "may be just the aggregation of data itself into some accessible place of storage or it may also imply some ability to selectively extract data."
Marie-Odile Bouillé
Marie-Odile Bouillé (born 13 October 1950 in Nantes) was a member of the National Assembly of France.   She represented Loire-Atlantique's 8th constituency from 2007 to 2017 as a member of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche.

Loire-Atlantique's 8th constituency
The 8th constituency of Loire-Atlantique is a French legislative constituency in the Loire-Atlantique département. Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using the two-round system, with a run-off if no candidate receives over 50% of the vote in the first round.
Nephilim (manga)
Nephilim (Japanese: ネフィリム, Hepburn: Nefirimu) is a shōjo manga by Anna Hanamaki. It was serialized in Nemurenu Yoru no Kimyō na Hanashi from 2004 to 2005, with the individual chapters published in two tankōbon volumes by Asahi Sonorama.

It is licensed for an English language release in the United States by Aurora Publishing which began releasing the series in April 2008. The series follows a bounty hunter called Guy who meets Abel, from the tribe of the Nephilim who live as males during the day as females at night. After Guy learns Abel's secret, Abel is supposed to kill him by tribal law, but instead ends up falling in love.

Asahi Sonorama
Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. (株式会社朝日新聞出版, Kabushiki gaisha Asahi Shimbun Shuppan) is the publishing arm of The Asahi Shimbun Company, publishing books, magazines, and manga. It replaced Asahi Sonorama (朝日ソノラマ) on 1 April 2008 just after it went bankrupt.
Karolína Kurková
Karolína Kurková (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkaroliːna ˈkurkovaː]; born 28 February 1984) is a Czech model known for her work as a former Victoria's Secret Angel and Vogue cover star. Mario Testino praised the "proportions of her body and her face, as well as her energy level", which he said "ma[de] her a model who could fit almost into any moment". Vogue editor Anna Wintour called her the "next supermodel".

In 2007, Kurková was among the world's top-earning models, having earned an estimated $5 million. She placed 6th in the Forbes annual list of the highest-earning models that same year.

Bottega Veneta
Bottega Veneta S.r.l (pronounced [botˈteːɡa ˈvɛːneta]; Italian for 'Venetian Boutique') is an Italian luxury fashion house based in Milan, Italy. The house produces haute couture, ready-to-wear, handbags, shoes, accessories, jewellery and fragrances.

Bottega Veneta is headquartered in Milan, with its main atelier located in Montebello, near Vicenza. Bartolomeo Rongone has been CEO of Bottega Veneta since 2019, and Louise Trotter creative director since 2024. In 2024, Bottega Veneta's revenue reached 1.7 billion euros.
Algorithms and Combinatorics
Algorithms and Combinatorics (ISSN 0937-5511) is a book series in mathematics, and particularly in combinatorics and the design and analysis of algorithms. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media, and was founded in 1987.

Jaroslav Nešetřil
Jaroslav Nešetřil (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjaroslaf ˈnɛʃɛtr̝̊ɪl]; born 13 March 1946) is a Czech mathematician. His research areas include combinatorics (structural combinatorics, Ramsey theory), graph theory (coloring problems, sparse structures), algebra (representation of structures, categories, homomorphisms), posets (diagram and dimension problems), computer science (complexity, NP-completeness). He works at Charles University in Prague.
Russell cord
Russell cord is a finely corded fabric, generally constructed with a cotton warp and worsted weft (filling). Two or more warp threads are woven together to form the cord, thus the cord lines run warp-wise. Russell cord is visually similar to a very narrow-waled corduroy called pincord, but it is heavier and more sturdy. It is usually woven using 40% cotton and 60% wool (or similar compositions depending on the weaver). It is mainly used in the making of high quality black academical dress, as well as clerical dress and legal dress in the United Kingdom. It is woven using thicker strands so is heavier than princetta.

Russell cord is a hardwearing fabric and generally keeps its shape for many years, unlike cotton or polyester which creases easily.

Court dress
Court dress comprises the style of clothes and other attire prescribed for members of courts of law. Depending on the country and jurisdiction's traditions, members of the court (judges, magistrates, and so on) may wear formal robes, gowns, collars, or wigs. Within a certain country and court setting, there may be many times when the full formal dress is not used. Examples in the UK include many courts and tribunals including the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, and sometimes trials involving children.
Williamsville, Sussex County, Delaware
Williamsville is an unincorporated community in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. Williamsville is located on Delaware Route 54 between Selbyville and Fenwick Island.

It was the site of the Williamsville Colored School.

Selbyville, Delaware
Selbyville is a town in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. As of the 2020 census, Selbyville had a population of 2,878. It is part of the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Abu Kahf Subdistrict
Abu Kahf Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية أبو كهف)  is a subdistrict of Manbij District in Aleppo Governorate of northern Syria. Administrative centre is the village Abu Kahf.

The subdistrict was formed in 2009, when the southern part of Manbij Subdistrict was split apart. At the 2004 census, the villages of the subdistrict had a total population of 19,964.

Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab, [muˈħaːfaðˤat ˈħalab]; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Helebê) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of the total population of Syria. The governorate is the fifth in area with an area of 18,482 km2 (7,136 sq mi), or 18,498 square kilometres (7,142 sq mi)2, about 10% of the total area of Syria. The capital is the city of Aleppo.
Spiral optimization algorithm
In mathematics, the spiral optimization (SPO) algorithm is a metaheuristic inspired by spiral phenomena in nature.

The first SPO algorithm was proposed for two-dimensional unconstrained optimization
based on two-dimensional spiral models. This was extended to n-dimensional problems by generalizing the two-dimensional spiral model to an n-dimensional spiral model.
There are effective settings for the SPO algorithm: the periodic descent direction setting
and the convergence setting.

Two-dimensional space
A two-dimensional space is a mathematical space with two dimensions, meaning points have two degrees of freedom: their locations can be locally described with two coordinates or they can move in two independent directions. Common two-dimensional spaces are often called planes, or, more generally, surfaces. These include analogs to physical spaces, like flat planes, and curved surfaces like spheres, cylinders, and cones, which can be infinite or finite. Some two-dimensional mathematical spaces are not used to represent physical positions, like an affine plane or complex plane.
Nain Airstrip
Nain Airstrip  is an airstrip serving the town of Nain and the Alpart alumina refinery in the Saint Elizabeth Parish of Jamaica. The airstrip is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northwest of Nain.

There is distant high terrain east of the airstrip.

The Sangster VOR/DME (Ident: SIA) is located 36.3 nautical miles (67.2 km) north-northwest of the runway.

Alpart
Alumina Partners of Jamaica, also known as Alpart, is a company that owns and operates a bauxite refinery in Nain, Jamaica. Alpart was founded in 1969 as a joint venture by Kaiser Aluminum, Reynolds Aluminum, and Anaconda. Alpart exports 1.65 million tonnes of  alumina overseas per year, and earned gross revenues of US$1.3 billion in 2007. As of 2011, previous partner Hydro divested its 35% stake to Rusal which assumed 100% stake in Alpart, wholly owned by RusAl the refinery has paused operations due to the company's alumina product experiencing a drastic 60 per cent price reversal since July 2008 with the temporary shutdown allowing the plant to be prepared for future developments that may see the industry emerging from the economic downturns it has faced.

In 2016, UC Rusal sold 100% stake of the Alumina Partners of Jamaica (‘Alpart’)  to the Chinese state industrial group, Jiuquan Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd. (‘JISCO’).
Hoo (surname)
Hoo is a surname. The most common origin for the contemporary surname is that it is an alternate spelling of Hu (surname). Notable people with the surname include:

Hoo Ah Kay (1816–1880), Singaporean businessman

Alan Hoo (born 1951), Hong Kong barrister

Hoo Cha-pen (1924–2004), Taiwanese basketball coach

Hoo Cher Mou, Singaporean air force general and chief

Geri Hoo (1939–2007), actress, 1958 Miss Universe contestant as a representative of Hawaii

Hoo Kam Chiu (1910–?), Hong Kong sport shooter

Hoo Pang Ron (born 1998), Malaysian badminton player

Vivian Hoo Kah Mun (born 1990), Malaysian badminton player

Hoo Yee Fan (born 1994), Chinese chess prodigy

Hōō Umagorō (1866–1907), Japanese sumo wrestler

Hōō Tomomichi (1956–2013), Japanese sumo wrestler

Iso Hoo (born Carl Henrik Rosenberg, 1979), Finnish rapper

Thomas Hoo, Baron Hoo and Hastings (died 1455), member of the ancient "Hoo" or "de Hoo" family of England

Hoo Kam Chiu
Hoo Kam Chiu (born 7 May 1910, date of death unknown) was a Hong Kong sports shooter. He competed in the 50 metre pistol event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He also competed at the 1954 and 1966 Asian Games, and won bronze in the 50 metre pistol event at the latter.
Sam Glanzman
Samuel Joseph Glanzman (December 5, 1924 – July 12, 2017) was an American comics artist and memoirist. Glanzman is best known for his Charlton Comics series Hercules, about the mythological Greek demigod; his autobiographical war stories about his service aboard the USS Stevens for DC Comics and Marvel Comics; and the Charlton Comics Fightin' Army feature "The Lonely War of Willy Schultz", a Vietnam War-era serial about a German-American U.S. Army captain during World War II.

Star Spangled War Stories
Star Spangled War Stories is the title of a comics anthology published by DC Comics that featured war-themed characters and stories. Among the features published in this series were writer-editor Robert Kanigher and artist Jerry Grandenetti's "Mademoiselle Marie", about a World War II French Resistance fighter, debuting in #84 (Aug. 1959); The War that Time Forgot featuring the Suicide Squad, the "Enemy Ace" and the "Unknown Soldier".
Düsseldorf-Bilk Observatory
The Sternwarte Düsseldorf (a.k.a. Sternwarte Bilk, Sternwarte Charlottenruhe; Bilk Observatory or Düsseldorf-Bilk Observatory in English) in Düsseldorf-Bilk was a private observatory founded in 1843 by Johann Friedrich Benzenberg. The observatory's main feature was a refracting telescope with 1800mm focal length. After Benzenberg's death the observatory was bequeathed to the city of Düsseldorf.  It was destroyed by bombing in 1943.

Between 1852 and 1890, C. Robert Luther discovered 24 asteroids there, from Thetis, discovered on April 17, 1852, to Glauke, discovered February 20, 1890. These asteroids and planetoids are called the 24 Düsseldorf planets. The asteroid 4425 Bilk is named in honour of the observatory.†

Near its original location, a benchmark was erected, displaying the observatory's burnt-out telescope.

Benchmark

view through the tube

front view

information plate

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Naval Base Lingayen
Naval Base Lingayen was a United States Navy base built during World War II at Lingayen Gulf on the northwestern Island of Luzon in the Philippines. The base was founded after the Invasion of Lingayen Gulf on January 9, 1945, at Lingayen city and the surrounding gulf. The Naval base was used to support the later operations at Manila and the rest of Luzon Island and then at Okinawa. Lingayen Gulf offered excellent fleet anchorage.

Naval Station Ernesto Ogbinar
Naval Station Ernesto Ogbinar, previously Naval Station Poro Point, is an installation of the Philippine Navy, located at Poro Point, in San Fernando, La Union, Philippines. It was previously a U.S. installation known as Wallace Air Station; transfer of ownership took place in 1991.

The Poro Point installation occupied 101 hectares and was acquired in 1903 for the United States Cavalry. Originally, Camp Wallace, the facility was named in honor of Second Lieutenant George W. Wallace, a Medal of Honor recipient from the U.S. 9th Infantry Regiment for actions on March 4, 1900, in the Philippines. In November 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt signed an executive order establishing Camp Wallace and Camp John Hay in Baguio.
Succor Creek
Succor Creek is a 69.4-mile-long (111.7 km) tributary of the Snake River in the U.S. states of Idaho and Oregon. The creek begins in the Owyhee Mountains in Owyhee County, Idaho. After flowing for about 23 miles (37 km) in Idaho, Succor Creek enters Malheur County, Oregon, where it flows for 39 miles (63 km) before re-entering Idaho for its final 5 miles (8.0 km). It joins the Snake near Homedale, about 413 river miles (665 km) from the larger river's confluence with the Columbia River.

Succor Creek State Natural Area is 30 miles (48 km) south of Nyssa along an unpaved road off Oregon Route 201. It has only primitive camping with no potable water. The canyon in which the natural area is located is known for fossils, geologic formations, and thundereggs, the Oregon state rock.

Owyhee County, Idaho
Owyhee County (/oʊˈwaɪ.hiː/ oh-WYE-hee) is a county in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,913. The county seat is Murphy, and its largest city is Homedale. In area it is the second-largest county in Idaho, behind Idaho County. Owyhee County is part of the Boise metropolitan area and contains slightly more than half of the Duck Valley Indian Reservation, which extends over the Nevada border, into Elko County. The majority of the federally recognized Shoshone-Paiute Tribe that is associated with this reservation lives on the Nevada side; its tribal center is in Owyhee, Nevada.