hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adinam (footballer)
Adinam Cardozo (born 3 May 1975) is a former Brazilian professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Two Brazilian football icons achieved important career feats against him in 1997: Rogério Ceni's first of 131 recorded goals during a Campeonato Paulista match on 15 February and the only double hat-trick in Brasileirão Série A history, scored by Edmundo, on 11 September.

Campeonato Paulista
The Campeonato Paulista Série A1, commonly known as Campeonato Paulista, nicknamed Paulistão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. Run by the São Paulo State Football Federation (FPF), the league is contested by 16 clubs and typically lasts from January to April. Rivalries amongst four of the best-known Brazilian teams (Corinthians, Palmeiras, Santos and São Paulo) have marked the history of the competition. The Campeonato Paulista is the oldest established league in Brazil, being held since 1902 and professionally since 1933.
FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1962
The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1962 were held in France from 10 to 18 February at Chamonix in Haute-Savoie.

Chamonix previously hosted the alpine world championships in 1937, and also the first Winter Olympics in 1924, but without alpine skiing, which debuted in 1936.

Haute-Savoie
Haute-Savoie (French pronunciation: [ot savwa] ⓘ; Arpitan: Savouè d'Amont; Italian: Alta Savoia) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France, bordering both Switzerland and Italy. Its prefecture is Annecy. To the north is Lake Geneva; to the south and southeast are Mont Blanc and the Aravis mountain range.

It holds its name from the Savoy historical region, as does the department of Savoie, located south of Haute-Savoie. In 2019, it had a population of 826,094. Its subprefectures are Bonneville, Saint-Julien-en-Genevois and Thonon-les-Bains. The French entrance to the Mont Blanc Tunnel into Italy is in Haute-Savoie. It is noted for winter sports; the first Winter Olympic Games were held at Chamonix in 1924.
Red Sings from Treetops
Red Sings from Treetops: A Year in Colors is a children's picture book written by American children's author Joyce Sidman, illustrated by Pamela Zagarenski, and published by Houghton Mifflin Books for Children. The book, published in 2009, follows the changes of the seasons throughout the year by looking at colors.
The book was an Honor book for the Caldecott Medal and won the Claudia Lewis Poetry Award in 2010. Other awards and honors Red Sings from Treetops has earned include the Minnesota Book Award, Cybils Poetry Award, the Bulletin Blue Ribbon and Booklist Editor's Choice.

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company (HMH)
(/ˈhoʊtən/,
HOH-tən)
is an American publisher of textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, and reference works. The company is based in the Boston Financial District. It was formerly known as the Houghton Mifflin Company, but it changed its name following the 2007 acquisition of Harcourt Publishing. Before March 2010, it was a subsidiary of Education Media and Publishing Group Limited, an Irish-owned holding company registered in the Cayman Islands and formerly known as Riverdeep. In 2022, it was acquired by Veritas Capital, a New York–based private-equity firm.
Maurice Novarina
Maurice Novarina (28 June 1907 – 28 September 2002) was a French architect; born in Thonon-les-Bains, in Haute-Savoie, he died in the town of his birth.

He is known for having designed the church of Notre-Dame de Toute Grâce du Plateau d'Assy. He was a student of the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, and later became an engineer of public works.  Elected to the Académie des Beaux-Arts in 1979, he was succeeded by Aymeric Zublena in 2008.

In 2007 the water towers of Alençon, which he designed in 1964 were labelled as Architecture contemporaine remarquable.

Novarina had two sons: Patrice Novarina became an architect, while Valère Novarina is a writer.

Thonon-les-Bains
Thonon-les-Bains (French pronunciation: [tɔnɔ̃ le bɛ̃]; Savoyard: Tonon; Italian: Tonone; lit. 'Thonon-the-Baths'), or simply Thonon,  is a subprefecture of the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Eastern France. Thonon-les-Bains is part of a transborder metropolitan area known as Grand Genève. It is situated on the shores of Lake Geneva (French: Lac Léman, or simply Le Léman).
49th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
The 49th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment (49th LAA Rgt) was an air defence unit of Britain's Royal Artillery during World War II. After serving with Anti-Aircraft Command during and after the Blitz, it joined 78th 'Battleaxe' Division to take part in the Allied invasion of North Africa (Operation Torch). It then served with the division in Sicily and Italy until it was disbanded at the end of 1944.

Anti-Aircraft Command
Anti-Aircraft Command (AA Command, or "Ack-Ack Command") was a British Army command of the Second World War that controlled the Territorial Army anti-aircraft artillery and searchlight formations and units defending the United Kingdom.
National Cycle Route 14
National Cycle Route 14 forms part of the National Cycle Network in North East England. It connects Darlington in County Durham with South Shields on the River Tyne. The route has currently (2016) a length of 86 miles (138 km). Much of it uses paths along disused railway lines and is thus free from motor traffic.

Wingate, County Durham
Wingate is a village in County Durham, England.

Wingate is a former pit village with a mixture of 19th-century, post-war, and more recent housing developments. It was originally inhabited by around 30 farmers before 1839 when coal was discovered. It is located in the East of County Durham, three miles south west of Peterlee, and seven miles north west of Hartlepool. As with most villages in the area, it grew rapidly with the development of coal-mining in the region.

The name Wingate is said to derive from the Anglo-Saxon words windig (windy) and geat (road) meaning windy road. Like many County Durham villages, residents are known to speak the pitmatic dialect, described to be a mixture of both mackem and teesside accents, although new housing developments has seen a sharp increase in the village's population.
On-sale bar
In United States patent law, the on-sale bar is a limitation on patentability codified at 35 U.S.C. § 102. It provides that an invention cannot be patented if it has been for sale for over one year prior to the patent filing.

Title 35 of the United States Code
Title 35 of the United States Code is a title of United States Code regarding patent law. The sections of Title 35 govern all aspects of patent law in the United States. There are currently 37 chapters, which include 376 sections (149 of which are used), in Title 35.

Federally recognized forms of intellectual property are scattered throughout the United States Code. Copyrights are covered under Title 17. Trademark and unfair competition law is defined in Chapter 22 of Title 15. Trade Secrets law, another form of intellectual property, is defined in Title 18.

Title 35 has four parts, which are delved into further later in the article:

Part I—United States Patent and Trademark Office

Part II—Patentability of Inventions and Grant of Patents

Part III—Patents and Protection of Patent Rights

Part IV—Patent Cooperation Treaty
Pennsylvania Route 857
Pennsylvania Route 857 (PA 857) is an 11.04-mile-long (17.77 km) state highway located within Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States. The southern terminus of the route is at the West Virginia state line southeast of Gans in Springhill Township, where the route continues south as County Route 857, a secondary state highway in West Virginia. The northern terminus is at an interchange with U.S. Route 119 and Pennsylvania Route 43 in Uniontown.

The roadway runs parallel to PA 43 for all but one mile (1.6 km) of its length.

Gans, Pennsylvania
Gans is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States. Gans is 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Point Marion. Gans has a post office, with ZIP code 15439, located on Gans Road inside Burchinal's General Store.
The Universe of Keith Haring
The Universe of Keith Haring is a 2008 documentary by the filmmaker Christina Clausen about the artist Keith Haring. In the film, the legacy of Haring is resurrected through colorful archival footage and remembered by friends and admirers such as artists Kenny Scharf and Yoko Ono, gallery owners Jeffrey Deitch and Tony Shafrazi. The film was produced by Paolo Bruno, Eric Ellena and Ian Ayres. The film was shown at the Tribeca Film Festival and has been released on DVD. Through interviews with collaborators and friends such as the choreographer Bill T. Jones, the film offers thoughtful reflection "on a man whose impulse, Jones says, 'was to do the work and live the life,' it is the passion and commitment we see in the artist himself that makes the most lasting impression."

Jeffrey Deitch
Jeffrey Deitch (pronounced DIE-tch; born July 9, 1952) is an American art dealer and curator. He is best known for his gallery Deitch Projects (1996–2010) and curating groundbreaking exhibitions such as Lives (1975) and Post Human (1992), the latter of which has been credited with introducing the concept of "posthumanism" to popular culture. In 2010, ArtReview named him as the twelfth most influential person in the international art world.

Deitch has been closely associated with artists such as Andy Warhol, Jean-Michel Basquiat, and Jeff Koons. From 2010 to 2013, he served as director of the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (MOCA). He currently owns and directs Jeffrey Deitch Gallery, an art gallery with locations in New York and Los Angeles.
William Hobbs (politician)
Dr William Hobbs (1822 – 8 December 1890) was a medical doctor and politician in colonial Queensland.

Hobbs was born in London, England, and was one of the earliest colonists of Queensland, practised as a doctor in Brisbane, and was for a considerable period the Government medical officer. Accompanied by his aged mother, he arrived at Moreton Bay on 1 May 1849 as surgeon of the Chaseley, the second of John Dunmore Lang's migrant ships. After a brief period at Drayton on the Darling Downs, he commenced practice in Brisbane in September.

He was nominated to the Queensland Legislative Council and was a member of the first responsible government, without portfolio, under the premiership of Robert Herbert, the permanent Under-Secretary for the Colonies, from April 1861 to January 1862. Mr. Hobbs married Anna Louisa Barton, sister of Edmund Barton, of Sydney. He died in Brisbane on 8 December 1890 and was buried in Toowong Cemetery.

Legislative Council of Queensland
The Legislative Council of Queensland was the upper house of the parliament in the Australian state of Queensland. It was a fully nominated body which first took office on 1 May 1860. It was abolished by the Constitution Amendment Act 1921, which took effect on 23 March 1922.

Consequently, the Legislative Assembly of Queensland is the only unicameral state Parliament in Australia. Two territories, the Northern Territory and Australian Capital Territory, also maintain unicameral parliaments.

Most of the early members of the Council came from wealthy families, were well educated and were born in England. Absenteeism was a problem in the early years, with some members returning to England, being absent for several years.
Singapore Turf Club (1842 - 1988)
The Singapore Turf Club was founded in 1842 as the Singapore Sporting Club to operate the Serangoon Road Race Course at Farrer Park Field. It was the only horse-racing club in Singapore and is part of the Malayan Racing Association. The first race was held on 23 February 1843 with a prize of $150. The club closed in 1988 after the Singapore Totaliser Board (Tote Board) formed the Bukit Turf Club (BTC) to take over all racing activities.

Singapore Gold Cup
The Singapore Gold Cup was a Thoroughbred horse race held annually in November at the Singapore Turf Club. Contested on turf over a left-handed course, the domestic Group 1 race was run over a distance of 2,000 metres and was open to local horses age three and older.
Battle by the Anastasian Wall (559)
The  Anastasian Wall Battle or Battle at the Anastasian Wall, which took place at the end of winter – beginning of spring 559, was a pivotal battle between the Byzantine army commanded by Dux Sergius and a Kutrigur Bulgars army commanded by Zabergan in the 558-559 AD Kutrigur campaign against the Byzantine Empire. The battle took place at the east side of the Anastasian Wall, about 40 km west of Constantinople.

Dux
Dux (/dʌks, dʊks/, pl.: ducēs) is Latin for "leader" (from the noun dux, ducis, "leader, general") and later for duke and its variant forms (doge, duce, etc.). During the Roman Republic and for the first centuries of the Roman Empire, dux could refer to anyone who commanded troops, both Roman generals and foreign leaders, but was not a formal military rank.
Moscow City Duma District 29
Moscow City Duma District 29 is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers outer parts of Southern Moscow.

The district has been represented since 2024 by United Russia deputy Aleksey Kuchmin, a construction materials businessman and municipal deputy, who defeated one-term Communist incumbent Lyubov Nikitina from District 31.

Moscow City Duma
55°45′52″N 37°37′02″E﻿ / ﻿55.764503°N 37.61722°E﻿ / 55.764503; 37.61722

The Moscow City Duma (Russian: Московская городская дума, romanized: Moskovskaya gorodskaya duma, commonly abbreviated to Мосгордума, Mosgorduma) is the regional parliament (city duma) of Moscow, a federal subject and the capital city of Russia. As Moscow is one of three federal cities, the city duma's legislation can only be overridden by the mayor and the federal government.
Matthew Gotel
Matthew Gotel (born January 2, 1999) is an American football nose tackle. He played college football for the Snow Badgers and West Florida Argonauts and has also been a member of the Seattle Seahawks and the Atlanta Falcons.

West Florida Argonauts football
The West Florida Argonauts football program is the intercollegiate American football team for the University of West Florida located in the U.S. state of Florida. The team competes in the NCAA Division II and are members of the Gulf South Conference. West Florida's first football team was fielded in 2016. The team plays its home games at Pen Air Field in Pensacola, Florida. The Argonauts are coached by Kaleb Nobles.
Texeira
Texeira is a variant spelling of a common Portuguese surname Teixeira. Notable people with the surname include:

Glover Teixeira, Retired MMA Fighter

Mark Texeira, American comic book artist

Manuel Texeira, priest

Kanekoa Texeira, American baseball pitcher

David Texeira, Uruguayan footballer

See also Teixeira and Teixeira (disambiguation)

Kanekoa Texeira
Kanekoa Jacob Texeira (born February 6, 1986) is an American former professional baseball pitcher and the current manager of the Gwinnett Stripers, the Triple A affiliate of the Atlanta Braves. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners and Kansas City Royals.
SS Christopher Newport
SS Christopher Newport was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Christopher Newport, who was an English seaman and privateer. He is best known as the captain of Susan Constant, the largest of three ships which carried settlers for the Virginia Company, in 1607, on the way to found the settlement at Jamestown, in the Virginia Colony, which became the first permanent English settlement in North America. He was also in overall command of the other two ships on that initial voyage, in order of their size, Godspeed and Discovery.

He made several voyages of supply between England and Jamestown; in 1609, he became Captain of the Virginia Company's new supply ship, Sea Venture, which met a hurricane during the Third Supply mission, and was shipwrecked on the archipelago of Bermuda.

Sea Venture
Sea Venture was a seventeenth-century English sailing ship, part of the Third Supply mission flotilla to the Jamestown Colony in 1609. She was the 300 ton flagship of the London Company. During the voyage to Virginia, Sea Venture encountered a tropical storm and was wrecked, with her crew and passengers landing on the uninhabited Bermuda. Sea Venture's wreck is widely thought to have been the inspiration for William Shakespeare's 1611 play The Tempest.
SS Akaroa
SS Akaroa was a UK steam ocean liner and refrigerated cargo ship. She was launched in 1914 in Ireland as Euripides for Aberdeen Line. When new, she was the largest ship in the Aberdeen Line fleet.

In the First World War she was an Allied troop ship. From 1929 White Star Line managed her. In 1932 Euripides passed to Shaw, Savill & Albion Line who had her refitted and renamed her Akaroa. She survived the Second World War and was scrapped in Belgium in 1954.

Aberdeen Line named some of its ships after classical Greek people and events. Euripides was a tragedian in Classical Athens in the fifth century BC.

Shaw, Savill & Albion names some of its ships after places in New Zealand. Akaroa is a small town on South Island.

Shaw, Savill & Albion Line
Shaw, Savill & Albion Line was the shipping line of P Henderson & Company, a British shipping management that operated trans-British, Australian and New Zealand cargo and passenger routes when P Henderson's Albion Line merged with Shaw Savill Line in 1882, lasting till 1970 when Elder Dempster Lines chartered P Henderson fleets in 1947 till 1965 when Ocean Group plc acquired Elder, Dempster, till the Suez Crisis when the last 3 Henderson ships were transferred to Elder, Dempster and the Henderson label phased out.
Dichlofluanid
Dichlofluanid (N-dichlorofluoromethylthio-N′, N′-dimethyl-N-phenylsulfamide) is a fungicide used to protect strawberries, grapes, berries, apples, pears and other fruit, vegetables and ornamental plants from diseases such as apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), black spot, leather rot, gray mold, downy mildew and others caused by the fungi Botrytis, Alternaria, Sclerotinia, and Monilinia. It is also used to protect against diseases of fruit during storage, and as a wood preservative, often as part of a paint undercoat.

Dichlofluanid was first marketed by Bayer Company in 1964, for use as a fungicide on plants. Its trade names include Euparen and Elvaron.

Primer (paint)
A primer (/ˈpraɪmər/) or undercoat is a preparatory coating put on materials before painting.  Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface, increases paint durability, and provides additional protection for the material being painted.
Luangwa River
The Luangwa River is one of the major tributaries of the Zambezi River, and one of the four biggest rivers of Zambia. The river generally floods in the rainy season (December to March) and then falls considerably in the dry season.  It is one of the biggest unaltered rivers in Southern Africa and the 52,000 square kilometres (20,000 sq mi) that make up the surrounding valley are home to abundant wildlife. The Nsefu sector in South Luangwa is known for its Leopard population and intact wilderness.

Rift valley
A rift valley is a linear shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges produced by the action of a geologic rift. Rifts are formed as a result of the pulling apart of the lithosphere due to extensional tectonics. The linear depression may subsequently be further deepened by the forces of erosion. More generally the valley is likely to be filled with sedimentary deposits derived from the rift flanks and the surrounding areas. In many cases rift lakes are formed. One of the best known examples of this process is the East African Rift. On Earth, rifts can occur at all elevations, from the sea floor to plateaus and mountain ranges in continental crust or in oceanic crust. They are often associated with a number of adjoining subsidiary or co-extensive valleys, which are typically considered part of the principal rift valley geologically.
1986 Dutch Open – Doubles
The 1986 Dutch Open – Doubles was an event of the 1986 Dutch Open tennis tournament and was played on outdoor clay courts at 't Melkhuisje in Hilversum in the Netherlands from 28 July until 3 August 1986. The draw consisted of 16 teams of which 4 were seeded. Hans Simonsson and  Stefan Simonsson were the defending Dutch Open doubles champions but did not compete in this edition. Unseeded Miloslav Mečíř and Tomáš Šmíd won the title by defeating Tom Nijssen and Johan Vekemans in the final, 6–4, 6–2.

Stefan Simonsson
Per Stefan Mikael Simonsson (born 5 January 1960 in Hyltebruk) is a Swedish former professional tennis player. He enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing singles. During his career, he won 2 doubles titles. He achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 49 in 1983 and a career-high doubles ranking of World No. 88 in 1984. He is a brother of fellow tennis player Hans Simonsson. After his career, he coached two top 10 players on the ATP ranking, Magnus Gustafsson and Magnus Larsson.
Ray Cale
William Raymond "Ray" Cale (18 July 1922 – 23 May 2006) was a Welsh dual-code international rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s. He played representative level rugby union (RU) for Wales, and at club level for Ebbw Vale RFC, Newbridge RFC and Pontypool RFC, as a flanker, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Wales, and at club level for St. Helens, as a second-row, or loose forward.

Flanker (rugby union)
Flanker is a position in the sport of rugby union. Each team of 15 players includes two flankers, who play in the forwards, and are generally classified as either blindside or openside flankers, numbers 6 and 7 respectively. The name comes from their position in a scrum in which they 'flank' each set of forwards. They compete for the ball – most commonly in rucks and mauls. Flankers also assist in pushing in a scrum, but are expected to detach from the scrum as soon as the ball is out to get to the play before the opposition's forwards. Flankers also participate in line-outs, either being lifted to contest or win possession, or to lift other players. Flankers are usually the key participants in the tackling process. The flankers, especially the openside, are often the fastest forwards on the team but still relied upon for tackling.
Angelica Östlund
Angelica Östlund (born 5 July 1991) is a Swedish bandy player and former professional ice hockey forward. She is the all-time leading scorer for Brynäs IF Dam of the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL) and served as the club's captain from 2013 to 2018. Östlund participated in 38 matches with the Swedish national team.

Swedish Women's Hockey League
The Swedish Women's Hockey League (Swedish: Svenska damhockeyligan), abbreviated SDHL, is the elite league for women's ice hockey in Sweden. It was established in 2007 as the Riksserien by the Swedish Ice Hockey Association and was renamed prior to the 2016–17 season. The league has ten teams and employs a system of promotion and relegation with the Nationella Damhockeyligan (NDHL). The unexpected withdrawal of Göteborg HC after playing only thirteen games of the 2022–23 season caused the number of teams to decrease to nine for the remainder of that season.

Bodychecking was allowed for the 2022–23 season  and goal cameras were introduced for the 2024–2025 season.