hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Indirect Fourier transformation
In a Fourier transformation (FT), the Fourier transformed function  is obtained from  by:

where  is defined as .  can be obtained from  by inverse FT:

and  are inverse variables, e.g. frequency and time.

Obtaining  directly requires that  is well known from  to , vice versa. In real experimental data this is rarely the case due to noise and limited measured range, say  is known from  to . Performing a FT on  in the limited range may lead to systematic errors and overfitting.

An indirect Fourier transform (IFT) is a solution to this problem.

Lagrange multiplier
In mathematical optimization, the method of Lagrange multipliers is a strategy for finding the local maxima and minima of a function subject to equation constraints (i.e., subject to the condition that one or more equations have to be satisfied exactly by the chosen values of the variables). It is named after the mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange.
2013 BWF Super Series Finals
The 2013 BWF Super Series Finals was a top level badminton competition which was held from December 11 to December 15, 2013 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The final was held by Badminton Association of Malaysia and sponsored by Malaysia. It was the final event of the BWF Super Series competition on the 2013 BWF Super Series schedule. The total purse for the event was $500,000.

Miyuki Maeda
Miyuki Maeda (前田 美順, Maeda Miyuki; born 14 October 1985) is a Japanese international badminton player from the Renesas badminton club and later affiliated with Saishunkan team. She participated at the 2008 and 2012 Olympic Games, and also in three Asian Games editions from 2006 to 2014.
Jari Laukkanen (curler)
Jari Petteri Laukkanen (born 12 June 1965 in Kesälahti, North Karelia, Finland) is a Finnish male curler and curling coach.

He is a European curling champion (2000) and a World men's bronze medallist. He competed at the 2002 Winter Olympics where the Finnish men's curling team placed fifth.

He started curling in 1979 at the age of 14.

North Karelia
North Karelia (or Northern Karelia, Finnish: Pohjois-Karjala; Swedish: Norra Karelen) is a region in eastern Finland. It borders the regions of Kainuu, North Savo, South Savo and South Karelia, as well as Russia's Republic of Karelia. It is the easternmost region of Finland and shares a 300 kilometres (190 mi) border with Russia. The city of Joensuu is the capital and the largest settlement of the region.

North Karelia has successfully reduced chronic diseases through public health measures. In the 1960s Finland led industrialized nations in heart disease mortality rates; North Karelia had Finland's highest incidence. In 1972 a long-term project was undertaken which targeted this risk in North Karelia. The resulting improvement in public health is still considered remarkable, a model for the rest of the nation. North Karelia is also known as the most sociable region in Finland.
Łodzia coat of arms
Łodzia (obsolete Polish for "boat") is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by many noble families of the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.  A variant serves as the coat of arms of the city of Łódź (the city's name literally means "Boat"). It is a classic example of the so-called canting arms well known in European heraldry as it was borne by the medieval lords de Łodzia (a feudal lordship) and their clan.  Hence the boat in the shield, clearly alluding to the estate's name literally meaning Boat. Coats of Arms in the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth were a symbol of a heraldic clan.

Crest (heraldry)
A crest is a component of a heraldic display, consisting of the device borne on top of the helm. Originating in the decorative sculptures worn by knights in tournaments and, to a lesser extent, battles, crests became solely pictorial after the 16th century (the era referred to by heraldists as that of "paper heraldry").

A normal heraldic achievement consists of the shield, above which is set the helm, on which sits the crest, its base encircled by a circlet of twisted cloth known as a torse. The use of the crest and torse independently from the rest of the achievement, a practice which became common in the era of paper heraldry, has led the term "crest" to be frequently but erroneously used to refer to the arms displayed on the shield, or to the achievement as a whole.
Diamondville, Pennsylvania
Diamondville is an unincorporated community located in Cherryhill Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States.  It is located on Diamondville Road (State Route 1012) at the intersection with Railroad Avenue.  The town lies within a meander of Two Lick Creek.  The R.J. Corman Railroad/Pennsylvania Lines passes through Diamondville.  The town was formerly known as Mitchell's Run.

R.J. Corman Railroad/Pennsylvania Lines
R.J. Corman Railroad/Pennsylvania Lines (reporting mark RJCP) is a railroad in the R.J. Corman Railroad Group, operating a number of lines in central Pennsylvania. It primarily carries coal between mines and Norfolk Southern Railway connections at Cresson and Keating. The trackage was acquired from Conrail in 1996, when the latter company sold its "Clearfield Cluster"; Norfolk Southern acquired nearby Conrail lines in 1999. This is the longest R.J. Corman owned line, at over 300 miles in length.
Stephanie Patton
Stephanie Patton (born August 13, 1969) is a contemporary multimedia artist. Her work spans across the mediums of photography, sculpture, painting, installation, performance, video, audio and text. Patton’s work is often humorous in nature and frequently investigates aspects of human emotion.

Performance
A performance is an act or process of staging or presenting a play, concert, or other forms of entertainment. It is also defined as the action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.
Imperial Main Headquarters
The Imperial Main Headquarters (Russian: Императорская Главная квартира, Imperatorskaya Glavnaya kvartira) was an organization within the military administration of the Russian Empire that was tasked with carrying out the personal military commands from the Emperor of All Russia.

Emperor of Russia
The emperor and autocrat of all Russia was the official title of the Russian monarch from 1721 to 1917.

The title originated in connection with Russia's victory in the Great Northern War (1700–1721) and appeared as an adaptation of the tsar's title under the accepted system of titling in Europe. The title was transformed from the previous title of tsar and grand prince of all Russia. The old title tsar (or tsaritsa) continued to be popularly used to refer to the emperor (or empress) until the monarchy was abolished in 1917.
Crestview station (Florida)
Crestview station is a former train station in Crestview, Florida. The station was built in 1993 when the Sunset Limited was extended east to Miami. Service to the station has been suspended since Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast in 2005.

Crestview, Florida
Crestview is the largest city and county seat of Okaloosa County, Florida, United States. The population was 27,134 at the 2020 census, up from 20,978 at the 2010 census. With an elevation of 236 feet (72 m) above sea level, it is one of the highest points in the state.

Crestview is a principal city of the Crestview–Fort Walton Beach–Destin, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Ruanjiandadao station
Ruanjiandadao station (simplified Chinese: 软件大道站; traditional Chinese: 軟件大道站; pinyin: Ruǎnjiàndàdào Zhàn; lit. 'software avenue station') is a station of Line 1 of the Nanjing Metro, named after and located along the eponymous avenue of the same name. It began operations on 28 May 2010, as part of the southern extension of line 1 from Andemen to CPU.

During the planning and construction stages, the station was named Ningnandadao station (宁南大道站; 寧南大道站; Níngnándàdào Zhàn; 'Ning (Nanjing) south avenue station') until around May 2009, when the Nanjing Municipal Bureau of Civil Affairs (南京市民政部) approved a name change of both the eponymous avenue and station to the present names, in order to increase the name recognition of Yuhua Software Park (雨花软件园).

Nanjing Metro
The Nanjing Metro is a rapid transit system serving the urban and suburban districts of Nanjing, the capital city of Jiangsu Province in the People's Republic of China.

Proposals for a metro system serving Nanjing first began in 1984, with approval by the State Planning Commission granted in 1994. Construction began on the initial 16-station Line 1 in 1999, and opened in 2005. The system has 14 lines and 243 stations running on 571.49 km (355.11 mi) of track. It is operated and maintained by the Nanjing Metro Group Company. Future expansion plans include 30 lines set to open within the next few years, with several more awaiting approval to begin construction.
Tomáš Gavlák
Tomáš Gavlák (born 15 September 1985 in Čadca) is a Slovak football forward. Gavlák played one match for Zlín in the 2007–08 Gambrinus liga. He went on to FK Bodva Moldava nad Bodvou where he was the top scorer for two consecutive seasons., although the club stopped playing in the second tier after the 2011–12 Slovak Second Football League. In 2011, he headed to Czech 2. liga club FK Fotbal Třinec, where he played for a season until Třinec's relegation in 2012.

2007–08 Czech First League
The 2007–08 Czech First League, known as the Gambrinus liga for sponsorship reasons, was the fifteenth season of Czech Republic's top-tier of football. The season started on 4 August 2007 and concluded on 17 May 2008.
Dagny Corcoran
Dagny Corcoran (1944/1945 – November 9, 2022) was an American art book dealer. She was the curator and owner of the bookstore Art Catalogues, which she opened in the late 1970s in West Hollywood, California. The store was later located in the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles from 2005 to 2009 and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art from 2010 to 2019. The store is currently located in Culver City.

Artist's book
Artists' books (or book art or book objects) are works of art that engage with and transform the form of a book. Some are mass-produced with multiple editions, and some in small editions, while others are produced as one-of-a-kind objects.

There is no single definition of an artist's book, and formulating a definition is cumbersome and subject to debate. Importantly, the creation of artists' books incorporates a variety of formats and genres. They have a complex history, with a particular focus and growth in contemporary artist movements. They also have recently grown in popularity, especially in art institutions, and have become popular in art library reference workshops. The exact definition and usage of artists' books has become more fluid and porous alongside the growth in popularity of artists' books.
Awazu Onsen
Awazu Onsen (粟津温泉, Awazu onsen) is a hot spring resort located in the city of  Komatsu, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan.

Awazu Onsen claims to have been founded by the shugendō monk Taichō in the Nara period under the command of the mountain deity Hakusan Daigongen. Taichō was a native of neighbouring Echizen Province and is said to have been the first person to have claimed Mount Hakusan, from which the hot springs at Awazu Onsen have their source. Although it is a small resort with few more than ten ryokan, each inn has its own well, rather than using a common source.

The Hōshi Ryokan within the area, founded in 718 AD was for some time recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the world's oldest hot spring inn, but the title has since been taken by Nishiyama Onsen Keiunkan, founded in 705.

Echizen Province
Echizen Province (越前国, Echizen no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [e.tɕiꜜ.(d)zeɴ, -(d)zen no kɯ.ɲi]) was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern portion of Fukui Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. Echizen bordered on Kaga, Wakasa, Hida, and Ōmi Provinces. It was part of Hokurikudō Circuit. Its abbreviated form name was (Esshū; 越州).
Operation Neuland
Operation Neuland was the code name of the Kriegsmarine extension of unrestricted submarine warfare into the Caribbean Sea during World War II. German U-boats demonstrated range to disrupt British petroleum supplies and American aluminum supplies which had not been anticipated by Allied pre-war planning. Although the area remained vulnerable to submarines for several months, U-boats never again enjoyed the opportunities for success resulting from the surprise of this operation.

Willemstad
Willemstad (/ˈwɪləmstɑːt, ˈvɪl-/ WIL-əm-staht, VIL-; Dutch: [ˈʋɪləmstɑt]; Papiamento: [wiləmˈstad]) is the capital and largest city of Curaçao, an island in the southern Caribbean Sea that is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was the capital of the Netherlands Antilles prior to that entity's dissolution in 2010. The city counts to have around 90% of Curaçao's population, with 136,660 inhabitants as of 2011. The historic centre of the city consists of four quarters: the Punda and Otrobanda, which are separated by the Sint Anna Bay, an inlet that leads into the large natural harbour called the Schottegat, as well as the Scharloo and Pietermaai Smal quarters, which are across from each other on the smaller Waaigat harbour. Willemstad is home to the Curaçao synagogue, the oldest surviving synagogue in the Americas. The city centre, with its unique architecture and harbour entry, has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Sakabansi
Sakabansi is a town in the Nikki arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census in 2013, the village had a total population of 15,111.

Borgou Department
Borgou [bɔʁ.ɡu] is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Borgou borders the country of Nigeria and the departments of Alibori, Atakora, Collines and Donga. The capital of Borgou is Parakou. The department of Borgou was bifurcated in 1999, with its northern territory transferred to the newly created Alibori Department.

According to the 2013 census, the total population of the department was 1,214,249, with 607,013 males and 607,236 females. The proportion of women was 50.00%. The total rural population was 56.40%, while the urban population was 43.60%. The total labour force in the department was 271,652, of which 25.20% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 64.30%.
Aluminium–silicon alloys
Aluminium–silicon alloys or Silumin is a general name for a group of lightweight, high-strength aluminium alloys based on an aluminum–silicon system (AlSi) that consist predominantly of aluminum – with silicon as the quantitatively most important alloying element. Pure AlSi alloys cannot be hardened, the commonly used alloys AlSiCu (with copper) and AlSiMg (with magnesium) can be hardened. The hardening mechanism corresponds to that of AlCu and AlMgSi.

AlSi alloys are by far the most important of all aluminum cast materials. They are suitable for all casting processes and have excellent casting properties. Important areas of application are in car parts, including engine blocks and pistons. In addition, their use as a functional material for high-energy heat storage in electric vehicles is currently being focused on.

Piston
A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or connecting rod. In a pump, the function is reversed and force is transferred from the crankshaft to the piston for the purpose of compressing or ejecting the fluid in the cylinder. In some engines, the piston also acts as a valve by covering and uncovering ports in the cylinder.
Oleksandr Nartov
Oleksandr Nartov (Ukrainian: Олександр Нартов, born 21 May 1988) is a Ukrainian high jumper.

He won the silver medal at the 2003 World Youth Championships and the 2005 World Youth Championships, the gold medal at the 2007 European Junior Championships, the bronze medal at the 2007 Summer Universiade and the silver medal at the 2009 European U23 Championships. He competed at the 2008 Olympic Games and the 2009 European Indoor Championships without reaching the final.

His personal best jump is 2.31 metres, achieved in February 2012 in Berdychiv.

2005 World Youth Championships in Athletics
The 2005 World Youth Championships in Athletics were held in Marrakesh, Morocco on July 13–July 17. The host stadium was Stade Sidi Youssef Ben Ali.

The boy's 400 metres hurdles event was initially won by Sudan's Abdulagadir Idriss in a time of 50.78 seconds, but this was later annulled due to Idriss failing a doping control.
Kamaiu Johnson
Kamaiu Johnson (born c.1994) is an American professional golfer from Tallahassee, Florida. He has won ten tournaments on mini-tours, and received sponsors invites to play in events on the PGA Tour.

Success on the Advocates Pro Golf Association (APGA) Tour, which aims to improve opportunities for black and ethnic minority players, including victory in the 2020 Tour Championship, resulted in Johnson being offered a sponsors exemption to play in the Farmers Insurance Open on the elite PGA Tour in 2021. Due to a positive test for COVID-19 he was forced to withdraw from the tournament prior to the first round. He was later invited to play in the tour's AT&T Pebble Beach Pro-Am and The Honda Classic, and an event on the Korn Ferry Tour.

AT&T Pebble Beach Pro-Am
The AT&T Pebble Beach Pro-Am is a professional golf tournament on the PGA Tour, held annually at Pebble Beach, California, near Carmel.  The tournament is usually held during the month of February on two different courses, currently Pebble Beach Golf Links, Spyglass Hill Golf Course and previously, Monterey Peninsula Country Club.

The event was originally known as the Bing Crosby National Pro-Amateur, or just the Crosby Clambake. After Crosby's death in 1977, the tournament was hosted by his family for eight years. The Crosby name was dropped after the 1985 event, and AT&T Corporation became the title sponsor in 1986. It is organized by the Monterey Peninsula Foundation.
Dieter Haaßengier
Dieter Haaßengier (30 May 1934 – 7 February 2023) was a German politician. A member of the Christian Democratic Union, he served in the Landtag of Lower Saxony from 1970 to 1976.

Haaßengier died in Garbsen on 7 February 2023, at the age of 88.

Landtag of Lower Saxony
The Lower Saxon Landtag (Niedersächsischer Landtag) or the Parliament of Lower Saxony is the state diet of the German state of Lower Saxony. It convenes in Hanover and currently consists of 146 members, consisting of four parties. Since 2022 the majority is a coalition of the Social Democratic Party and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Olaf Lies (SPD).
Jack Bighead
John Bighead (April 23, 1930 – April 28, 1993) was an American professional football player. A Yuchi Indian, he starred in football at L.A. Poly High in the 1940s and played in the National Football League (NFL). He was a 1948 graduate of Pepperdine University, whereat he earned Little All America honors in football and track. After serving in the United States Navy, he played two years in the NFL. He was drafted in the 15th round of the 1952 NFL draft by the Dallas Texans. Bighead then played professionally for the Baltimore Colts in 1954 and the Los Angeles Rams in 1955. He was the starter for the Rams before a career-ending leg injury. He played one season in the CFL with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in 1956.

Bighead joined the teaching and coaching staff of the Anaheim Union High School District in 1957, and worked at Western, Magnolia, and Katella high schools before retiring in 1987.

Katella High School
Katella High School is a public high school in Anaheim, California, located in the Southeast Anaheim region of the city and is part of the Anaheim Union High School District. It serves 2,700 students in grades nine through twelve. The school's mascot is the Knights.
2029 Asian Winter Games
The 2029 Asian Winter Games (Kazakh: 2029 жылғы қысқы Азия ойындары, romanized: 2029 jylğy qysqy Azia oiyndary; Russian: Зимние Азиатские игры 2029 года, romanized: Zimniye Aziatskiye igry 2029 goda), officially known as the 10th Asian Winter Games, and commonly known as Almaty 2029 (Kazakh: Алматы 2029), will be the tenth edition of the Asian Winter Games, a pan-Asian winter multi-sport event to be held in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Multi-sport event
A multi-sport event is an organized sporting event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports among organized teams of athletes from (mostly) nation-states. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance was the Olympic Games, first held in modern times in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, one of a number of such events held in antiquity. Most modern multi-sport events have the same basic structure. Games are held over the 
course of several days in and around a "host city", which changes for each competition. Countries send national teams to each competition, consisting of individual athletes and teams that compete in a wide variety of sports.  Athletes or teams are awarded gold, silver or bronze medals for first, second and third place respectively. Each game is generally held every four years, though some are annual competitions.
Tegali language
Tegali (also spelled Tagale, Tegele, Tekele, Togole) is a Kordofanian language in the Rashad family, which is thought by some to belong to the hypothetical Niger–Congo phylum (Greenberg 1963, Schadeberg 1981, Williamson & Blench 2000). It is spoken in South Kordofan state, Sudan.

Kordofanian languages
The Kordofanian languages are a geographic grouping of five language groups spoken in the Nuba Mountains of the South Kordofan region of Sudan: Talodi–Heiban languages, Lafofa languages, Rashad languages, Katla languages and Kadu languages. The first four groups are sometimes regarded as branches of the hypothetical Niger–Congo family, whereas Kadu is now widely seen as a branch of the proposed Nilo-Saharan family. The Kordofanian languages may be the oldest group of languages in the region.
Vranić (surname)
Vranić (Serbian: Вранић) is a Bosnian, Serbian and Croatian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dušan Vranić, Bosnian musician

Marko Vranić (born 1978), Serbian footballer

Mladen Vranić (1930–2019), Croatian Canadian diabetes researcher

Vladimir Vranić (1896–1976), Croatian mathematician

Vladimir Vranić
Vladimir Vranić (November 10, 1896 – August 3, 1976) was a Croatian mathematician. He was one of the most renowned professors at the University of Zagreb. The amount of his scientific work was very large, and his most important work was in probability and statistics.

Vranić was Jewish, and during World War II, he was granted permission for freedom of residence and work by the "Directorate of the Ustaše Police" for the Jewish section.