hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Hewetson
Edward Pearson Hewetson (27 May 1902 – 26 December 1977) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket between 1919 and 1934 for Oxford University and Warwickshire. A right-arm fast bowler and right-handed batsman, Hewetson took 163 wickets in his career, and scored 1,213 runs at a batting average of 14.44. He played twenty-nine matches for Warwickshire between 1919 and 1927, joining Oxford in 1922 and playing there until 1925. He played for Harlequins Cricket Club until 1927, and then for the Free Foresters Cricket Club until 1934. An alumnus of Shrewsbury School, he also played for them during his school years, and in 1920 he played at Lord's for a Lord's School XI against 'The Rest', taking a nine-wicket haul with the ball.

Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School is a private school in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England.

It was founded in 1552 by Edward VI by royal charter, to replace the town's Anglo-Saxon collegiate foundations which were disestablished in the sixteenth century. It is one of the seven public schools in the UK subject to the Public Schools Act 1868 and one of the nine schools reviewed by the Clarendon Commission between 1861 and 1864. The school is notable for being the education site of renowned scientist Charles Darwin.

It was originally founded as a boarding school for boys. In 2008, however, girls were accepted in the sixth form. Since 2015 Shrewsbury School has been a co-educational school. As at Michaelmas Term 2023, Shrewsbury School had 842 pupils: 522 boys and 320 girls. The school has seven boys', and five girls' houses. Alumni of the school are known as Old Salopians.

The present school site, to which the school moved in 1882, is on the south bank of the River Severn.
Mr. Wonderful (Fleetwood Mac album)
Mr. Wonderful is the second studio album by British blues rock band Fleetwood Mac, released on 23 August 1968. In the US, the album was not released, though around half of the tracks appeared on English Rose. An expanded version of Mr. Wonderful was included in the box set The Complete Blue Horizon Sessions.

Chicken Shack
Chicken Shack are a British blues and rock band, founded in the mid-1960s by Stan Webb (guitar and vocals), Andy Silvester (bass guitar), and Alan Morley (drums), who were later joined by Christine Perfect (later McVie) (vocals and keyboards) in 1967. Chicken Shack has performed with various line-ups, Stan Webb being the only constant member.
Margaret Jennings (cricketer)
Margaret Jean Jennings (born 1 June 1949) is an Australian former cricketer who played as a right-handed batter and  wicket-keeper. She appeared in eight Test matches and 12 One Day Internationals for Australia between 1972 and 1978, and captained Australia in one Test match and three One Day Internationals. She played domestic cricket for Victoria.

She scored 341 Test match runs with a best of 104, her only century. Jennings was the first woman cricketer to keep wicket, open the batting and captain in a One Day International. She is also the only woman to do this in Test cricket.

After retiring from playing, Jennings was a selector for the Australian women's team for a number of years. She stepped down from the position in February 2013.

Jennings was inducted onto the Victorian Honour Roll of Women in 2009.

Century (cricket)
In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batter. The term is also included in "century partnership" which occurs when two batsmen add 100 runs to the team total when they are batting together. A century is regarded as a landmark score for batters and a player's number of centuries is generally recorded in their career statistics. Scoring a century is loosely equivalent in merit to a bowler taking a five-wicket haul, and is commonly referred to as a ton or hundred. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double (200–299 runs), triple (300–399 runs), and quadruple centuries (400–499 runs), and so on. Reaching 50 runs in an innings is known as a half-century.

Scoring a century at Lord's cricket ground in London earns the batter a place on the Lord's honours boards.
Abbey of Fontenay
The Abbey of Fontenay is a former Cistercian abbey located in the commune of  Marmagne, near Montbard, in the département of Côte-d'Or in France.  It was founded by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in 1118, and built in the Romanesque style.  It is one of the oldest and most complete Cistercian abbeys in Europe, and became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. 
Of the original complex comprising church, dormitory, cloister,  chapter house, caldarium, refectory, dovecote and the so-called "forge", all remain intact except the refectory and are well maintained.  The Abbey of Fontenay, along with other Cistercian abbeys, forms a connecting link between Romanesque and Gothic architecture.

Cloister
A cloister (from Latin  claustrum 'enclosure') is a covered walk, open gallery, or open arcade running along the walls of buildings and forming a quadrangle or garth. The attachment of a cloister to a cathedral or church, commonly against a warm southern flank, usually indicates that it is (or once was) part of a monastic foundation, "forming a continuous and solid architectural barrier... that effectively separates the world of the monks from that of the serfs and workmen, whose lives and works went forward outside and around the cloister."

Cloistered (or claustral) life is also another name for the monastic life of a monk or nun. The English term enclosure is used in contemporary Catholic church law translations to mean cloistered, and  some form of the Latin parent word "claustrum" is frequently used as a metonymic name for monastery in languages such as German. Cloistered clergy refers to monastic orders that strictly separate themselves from the affairs of the external world.
Indium arsenide antimonide phosphide
Indium arsenide antimonide phosphide (InAsSbP) is a semiconductor material.

InAsSbP has been used as blocking layers for semiconductor laser structures, as well as for the mid-infrared light-emitting diodes and lasers, photodetectors and thermophotovoltaic cells.

InAsSbP layers can be grown by heteroepitaxy on indium arsenide, gallium antimonide and other materials.

Thermophotovoltaic energy conversion
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion is a direct conversion process from heat to electricity via photons. A basic thermophotovoltaic system consists of a hot object emitting thermal radiation and a photovoltaic cell similar to a solar cell but tuned to the spectrum being emitted from the hot object.

As TPV systems generally work at lower temperatures than solar cells, their efficiencies tend to be low. Offsetting this through the use of multi-junction cells based on non-silicon materials is common, but generally very expensive. This currently limits TPV to niche roles like spacecraft power and waste heat collection from larger systems like steam turbines.
Eman Hassan
Eman Hassan Abdelrahim Kassem (Arabic: إيمان حسن عبد الرحيم قاسم; born 6 November 2000) is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Saudi Women's First Division League club Abha and the Egypt national team.

Egypt women's national football team
The Egypt women's national football team (Arabic: منتخب مصر لكرة القدم للسيدات), nicknamed "the Cleopatras", represents Egypt in international women's football. It is managed by the Egyptian Football Association, the governing body of football in the country.

Like most African nations, women's football in Egypt has lacked development, whereas the men's team is one of the continent's most traditional.
Scott Campbell (baseball)
Scott Campbell (born 25 September 1984) is a retired Minor League Baseball infielder. In 2006, he was selected 300th overall by the Toronto Blue Jays. He retired on 15 March 2012 due to recurring injury problems in his hip.

He played college baseball at Gonzaga University. In 2007, Campbell played for the class-A affiliate of the Blue Jays, the Lansing Lugnuts. In 2007, he showed some promise as a hitter, hitting .279/.390/.397. However, he was not considered a top prospect of the Jays given his age and the level where he played. In 2008, Campbell had a breakout year, increasing his batting average to .341 and his OBP to .435 while moving up two levels to AA. He was chosen to represent the World team at the 2008 All-Star Futures Game. Given his reputation as a solid defensive second baseman, Campbell was once widely considered one of the better prospects in the Toronto Blue Jays minor league system, and had been compared to Chase Utley by Blue Jays General Manager J.P. Ricciardi.

J. P. Ricciardi
John Paul Ricciardi (born September 26, 1959) is an American Major League Baseball executive currently serving as an analyst for the Boston Red Sox and Worcester Red Sox on NESN. He previously served as the general manager of the Toronto Blue Jays from 2001 to 2009. He previously served as the as a special advisor to the president of baseball operations with the San Francisco Giants from 2018 to 2023.
Slip law
In the United States, a slip law is an individual Act of Congress which is either a public law (Pub.L.) or a private law (Pvt.L.). Slip laws are published as softcover unbound pamphlets, each with its own individual pagination.  They are part of a three-part model for publication of federal statutes consisting of slip laws, session laws, and codification. Session laws are compiled into the Statutes at Large (Stat.), and codification results in the United States Code (U.S.C.).

Public and private laws are prepared and published by the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). At the end of a Congressional session, slip laws are compiled into the Statutes at Large, which are called "session laws", published by the Government Printing Office (GPO). Today, most of the public laws, but not private laws, are drafted as amendments to the United States Code.

Pamphlet
A pamphlet is an unbound book (that is, without a hard cover or binding). Pamphlets may consist of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half, in thirds, or in fourths, called a leaflet, or it may consist of a few pages that are folded and saddle stapled or sewn at the crease to make a simple book.

In the "International Standardization of Statistics Relating to Book Production and Periodicals", UNESCO defines a pamphlet as "a non-periodical printed publication of 5 to 48 pages, excluding covers, published in a specific country and available to the public," while a book is "a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, excluding covers." These definitions are intended solely for UNESCO's book production statistics.
Bethel High School (Hong Kong)
Bethel High School 伯特利中學 was established in 1922 as part of the Bethel Mission in Shanghai, by Shi Meiyu (Mary Stone, or Shek Mei Yuk in Cantonese) and the American missionary Jennie V. Hughes. It later moved to Hong Kong in 1950. It is currently located in Fairview Park, Yuen Long.

Mary Stone (doctor)
Mary Stone (May 1, 1873 – December 30, 1954), also known as Shi Meiyu (Chinese: 石美玉), was a doctor of medicine graduated from the University of Michigan. She founded Danforth Memorial Hospital in Kiukiang (now called the Women and Children's Hospital of Jiujiang).
Ralph Mollatt
Ralph Mollatt (28 March 1926 – 5 August 1983) was a Norwegian businessperson.

He was born in Oslo, and studied in Syracuse, New York and Grenoble. He worked in the family company M. Peterson & Søn, and was CEO from 1963 to 1980. His younger brother Erik was later CEO from 1983 to 2002.

For his work, Ralph Mollatt was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav.

Order of St. Olav
The Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav (Norwegian: Den Kongelige Norske Sankt Olavs Orden; or Sanct Olafs Orden, the old Norwegian name) is a Norwegian order of chivalry instituted by King Oscar I on 21 August 1847. It is named after King Olav II, known to posterity as St. Olav.

Just before the union with Sweden was dissolved in 1905, the Order of the Norwegian Lion was instituted in 1904 by King Oscar II, but no appointments were awarded by his successor, King Haakon VII. The Order of St. Olav thus became the kingdom's only order of chivalry for the next 80 years. The Grand Master of the order is the reigning monarch of Norway. It is used to reward individuals for remarkable accomplishments on behalf of the country and humanity. Since 1985, appointments to the order have only been conferred upon Norwegian citizens, though foreign heads of state and royalty may be appointed as a matter of courtesy.
North Harbour Rugby Union
The North Harbour Rugby Union (NHRU), commonly known as North Harbour or simply Harbour, is the governing body of rugby union that encompasses a wide geographical area north of Auckland that includes North Shore City, Rodney District, the Hibiscus Coast and part of Waitakere City. There are 12 rugby clubs from Mahurangi RFC, based in Warkworth, Rodney District, in the north through to Massey the southernmost area of the union.

The NHRU provincial rugby team that was formed in 1985 by clubs that left the Auckland Rugby Union. It competes in the Mitre 10 Cup, the successor to New Zealand's former domestic competition, the National Provincial Championship (NPC).

Rodney District
Rodney District was a local government area in the northernmost part of New Zealand's Auckland Region from 1989 to 2010. It included Kawau Island. It was created from the amalgamation of Helensville Borough and Rodney County in 1989. The seat of Rodney District Council was at Orewa. Rodney District and Rodney County each took their names from Cape Rodney (opposite Little Barrier Island), which Captain James Cook named on 24 November 1769 after Admiral Sir George Brydges Rodney.

Auckland Council has governed the area since 1 November 2010. The Rodney ward of the Auckland Region now covers much of the land area, but not the Hibiscus Coast or the former council seat of Orewa, which are in the Albany ward.

The district was, in the final electoral term (2007–2010) of its existence, led by mayor Penny Webster and 12 councillors.
Fonds d'Investissements pour le Developpement Economique et Social
The Investment Fund for Economic and Social Development (French: Fonds d'Investissements pour le Developpement Économique et Social, or FIDES) was a development finance institution active in the French colonial empire, notably in Africa. It was established in 1946, as France recalled its earlier policy that colonies should be fully self-sufficient. It existed until 1959 when a decree replaced it with the Fonds d'aide et de coopération (FAC).

Self-sustainability
Self-sustainability and self-sufficiency are overlapping states of being in which a person, being, or system needs little or no help from, or interaction with others. Self-sufficiency entails the self being enough (to fulfill needs), and a self-sustaining entity can maintain self-sufficiency indefinitely. These states represent types of personal or collective autonomy. A self-sufficient economy is one that requires little or no trade with the outside world and is called an autarky.
Javed Siddiqi
Javed Siddiqi (born 1962) is a Canadian neurosurgeon. Siddiqi attended the University of Western Ontario, where he got an undergraduate degree in neurophysiology, later becoming a Rhodes scholar, getting a DPhill in International Relations at Christ Church, Oxford, before returning to the University of Western Ontario School of Medicine to acquire an M.D. Afterwards, he would go on to do a skull base and vascular fellowship under Dr. Gazi Yaşargil at the University of Arkansas. In 1996 Siddiqi moved to the Inland Empire to being practice at Arrowhead Regional Medical Center. Siddiqi currently serves as the Chair of Surgery/Neurosurgery at the California University of Science and Medicine. Siddiqi is the founder, and editor-in-chief of the medical journal "Contemporary Reviews in Neurology and Neurosurgery".

Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery or/and neurological surgery, also known in common parlance as brain surgery, is the medical specialty that focuses on the surgical treatment or rehabilitation of disorders that affect any portion of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and cerebrovascular system. Neurosurgery as a medical specialty also includes non-surgical management of some neurological conditions.
Tony Michell
Tony Michell (born 3 December 1947) is a British businessman, entrepreneur, and pioneer for early Korean development. He has worked with the Korea Development Institute to create policies for the government since 1978. Michell is considered a prime reference point on DPRK issues, and has been featured regularly on Korean broadcasting networks and the BBC.

Order of Friendship (North Korea)
The Order of Friendship (Korean: 친선훈장) is a state order awarded by the government of North Korea. It is restricted only to non-nationals. The order has two classes.

The order was established on 25 July 1985.
Rideback (song)
"RIDEBACK" is the fifth single of I've Sound singer, Mell. It was released on March 4, 2009 which serves as the opening theme for the anime series Rideback. The single has a Japanese version, a remix version and the instrumental version of the title track in addition to the original English track.

The single came in a regular CD-only edition (GNCV-0016) and a limited CD+DVD edition (GNCV-0015) which contained the PV for RIDEBACK.

Mell
Mell (stylized as MELL) is a female Japanese singer from Sapporo, Japan, who is signed to Geneon Universal Entertainment. She is a former member of the Sapporo-based I've Sound, and one of its main vocalists. Mell has contributed vocals to several anime soundtracks including Black Lagoon, Hayate the Combat Butler, Rideback, Shakugan no Shana,  and Sky Girls.

After battling an unknown illness over a prolonged period, Mell left I've Sound after the release of her compilation album Entrust: The Name of Mell on March 20, 2013.
Dongducheon Jungang station
Dongducheon Jungang Station (Korean: 동두천중앙역) is a train station on the Seoul Subway Line 1 and the Gyeongwon Line. The name means Dongducheon Central Station. It was also once known as Eosu-dong Station.

Gyeongwon Line
The Gyeongwon Line is a railway line serving northeastern Gyeonggi Province in South Korea. The line is operated by Korail. The name of the line came from Gyeongseong (Seoul) and Wonsan, the original terminus of the line, in what is now North Korea.
Nosiola
Nosiola (or Groppello bianco) is a white Italian wine grape variety that is grown in the Trentino region north of Lake Garda in the Valle dei Laghi. Here it is used in varietal Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) wines and as a blending component in wines such as Sorni Bianco from Trento. It is also used to produce a dessert wine in the Vin Santo style from grapes that have been allowed to dry out prior to fermentation.

Venetian wine
Venetian wine is produced in Veneto, a highly productive wine region in northeastern Italy.

The broader area comprising Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol is known collectively as the Tre Venezie, after the Republic of Venice. Veneto is the most populous and biggest denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) producer of the three regions. Although the Tre Venezie collectively produces more red wine than white, the Veneto region produces more whites under DOC and is notably home to the Prosecco and Soave wines.

The region is protected from the harsh northern European climate by the Alps, the foothills of which form Veneto's northern extremes. These cooler climes are well-suited to white varieties like Garganega (the main grape for Soave wines), while the warmer Adriatic coastal plains, river valleys, and Lake Garda zone are the places where the renowned Valpolicella, Amarone and Bardolino DOC reds are produced.
Fifth gospel (genre)
Fifth gospel is a literary genre focusing on fictional transfigurations of Jesus. The term has been coined by Theodore Ziolkowski.

According to Ziolkowski, in "fictional transfigurations of Jesus" "the characters and the action, irrespective of meaning or theme, are prefigured to a noticeable extent by figures and events popularly associated with the life of Jesus as it is known from the Gospels."

Books in this genre include Lars Görling's 491, Gunter Grass's Cat and Mouse, John Barth's Giles Goat-Boy and Gore Vidal's Messiah and Live from Golgotha.

Messiah (Vidal novel)
Messiah is a satirical novel by Gore Vidal, first published in 1954 in the United States by E.P. Dutton. It is the story of the creation of a new religion, Cavism, which quickly comes to replace the established but failing Christian religion.
Battle of Brávellir
The Battle of Brávellir or the Battle of Bråvalla was a legendary battle, said to have taken place c. 770, that is described in the sagas as taking place on the Brávellir between Sigurd Hring, king of Sweden and the Geats of Västergötland, and his uncle Harald Wartooth, king of Denmark and the Geats of Östergötland.

Saga
Sagas are prose stories and histories, composed in Iceland and to a lesser extent elsewhere in Scandinavia.

The most famous saga-genre is the sagas of Icelanders, which feature Viking voyages, migration to Iceland, and feuds between Icelandic families. However, sagas' subject matter is diverse, including pre-Christian Scandinavian legends; saints and bishops both from Scandinavia and elsewhere; Scandinavian kings and contemporary Icelandic politics; and chivalric romances either translated from Continental European languages or composed locally.

Sagas originated in the Middle Ages, but continued to be composed in the ensuing centuries. Whereas the dominant language of history-writing in medieval Europe was Latin, sagas were composed in the vernacular: Old Norse and its later descendants, primarily Icelandic.

While sagas are written in prose, they share some similarities with epic poetry, and often include stanzas or whole poems in alliterative verse embedded in the text.
Tromøy Bridge
The Tromøy Bridge (Norwegian: Tromøybrua) is a suspension bridge that crosses the Tromøysundet strait in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. It connects the island of Tromøya with the mainland, about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) northeast of the town of Arendal.

The bridge is part of Norwegian County Road 409 and it opened on 21 October 1961 by Trygve Bratteli, the Minister of Transport and Communications.  The bridge originally cost 7 million kr. The 400-metre (1,300 ft) long bridge has 12 spans, the longest of which is 240 metres (790 ft).  The bridge has a 37 metres (121 ft) high clearance underneath it so ships may pass under it. In 2008, the annual average daily traffic was 8,350 cars per day.

Its building was prepared by a special committee which was chaired by Christian Stray during its entire existence from 1938 to 1961.

Annual average daily traffic
Annual average daily traffic (AADT) is a measure used primarily in transportation planning, transportation engineering and retail location selection. Traditionally, it is the total volume of vehicle traffic of a highway or road for a year divided by 365 days. AADT is a simple, but useful, measurement of how busy the road is.

AADT is the standard measurement for vehicle traffic load on a section of road, and the basis for some decisions regarding transport planning, or the environmental hazards of pollution related to road transport.