hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kyrkbron, Umeå
Kyrkbron is a bridge in Umeå that takes Östra Kyrkogatan over Ume River to Teg on the south side. The construction of Kyrkbron started in 1973 and it was opened on 26 September 1975 becoming Umeå's third bridge over the Ume river. A discussion about whether or not the bridge should be located next to the church lasted from the early 1960s and continued into the 1970s. During the construction an unknown burial ground was encountered (an older part of the cemetery), leading to archaeological excavations.

The bridge consists of two parallel girders in concrete with vertical straight supports. It is actually two separate bridges, each with their lane with on and exit ramps that extend out over the river on the north side. The purpose of building Kyrkbron was to relieve Tegsbron from some of the traffic and Kyrkbron was designed with the expectation that there would be a drastic increase in car traffic in the city center, which proved to be highly optimistic.

Ume River
The Ume River (Swedish: Ume älv or Umeälven) is one of the main rivers in northern Sweden. It is around 460 km (290 mi) long, and flows in a south-eastern direction from its source, the lake Överuman by the Norwegian border within the Scandinavian mountain range. For large parts, the European route E12, also known as Blå Vägen (Blue Route), follows its path.

The river passes through Vindelfjällen Nature Reserve and Lake Storuman and drains into the Gulf of Bothnia on Sweden's east coast at the small town of Holmsund, and adjacent to the city of Umeå. Its chief tributary is the Vindel River, which is the biggest tributary river in Sweden. The Ume and Vindel rivers meet at the village of Vännas.

At the mouth of the river, where it meets the Gulf of Bothnia, lies Obbolaön (Obbola Island). The island divides the river into two streams just as it runs out into the sea.
Planasa
Planasa is a Spanish agricultural company headquartered in Valtierra (Navarra, Spain). It is a corporate group that operates within the agricultural and food sector in more than 27 countries worldwide.

Planasa specialises in breeding and developing the next generation berry varieties, including blueberries, blackberries, raspberries and strawberries. Additionally, Planasa has breeding programs for garlic, asparagus, avocado and cherry trees, and is the global market leader in the production of fresh endives in the European Union and one of the biggest nurseries in the world.

Planasa is part of the German EW Group, better known as Erich Wesjohann Group and its CEO since 2020 is Michael Brinkmann.

EW Group
The EW Group GmbH (also known as the Erich Wesjohann Group), headquartered in Visbek, Germany, is a global family owned holding, which integrates more than 300 active subsidiaries. The company is operating primarily at the beginning of the value chain, including animal and plant breeding, animal health and diagnostics. The management board comprises the founder, Erich Wesjohann, his sons, Dirk and Jan Wesjohann, as well as Albert Cordts.
Kathalo Rajakumari (TV series)
Kathalo Rajakumari is an Indian Telugu drama television series that aired on Star Maa. Madhusudan and Ashika Gopal Padukone are the main protagonists of the series. The show has consistently topped the ratings chart since its inception. The show is the remake of Bengali television series Ke Apon Ke Por which is being aired on Star Jalsha.

Star Maa
Star Maa is an Indian Telugu-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. It primarily telecasts programmes such as serials, reality shows and Telugu films.
Pyganodon gibbosa
Pyganodon gibbosa is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels.

This species is endemic to the Altamaha River basin in Georgia of the United States.

Altamaha River
The Altamaha River /ˈɑːltəməhɑː/ is a major river in the U.S. state of Georgia. It flows generally eastward for 137 miles (220 km) from its origin at the confluence of the Oconee River and Ocmulgee River towards the Atlantic Ocean, where it empties into the ocean near Brunswick, Georgia. No dams are directly on the Altamaha, though some are on the Oconee and the Ocmulgee. Including its tributaries, the Altamaha River's drainage basin is about 14,000 square miles (36,000 km2) in size, qualifying it among the larger river basins of the US Atlantic coast.
Henry Hulme Warburton
Henry Hulme Warburton (1819–1903) was an English-born American physician, surgeon, and early settler in Santa Clara, California. He was the first doctor in the area, his former medical office was built in 1870 in Santa Clara, California; and it was first building to be relocated to History Park in 1966.

Santa Clara, California
Santa Clara (/ˌsæntə ˈklærə/ SAN-tə KLAR-ə; Spanish for 'Saint Clare') is a city in Santa Clara County, California. The city's population was 127,647 at the 2020 census, making it the eighth-most populous city in the Bay Area. Located in the southern Bay Area, the city was founded by the Spanish in 1777 with the establishment of Mission Santa Clara de Asís under the leadership of Junípero Serra.

Santa Clara is located in the center of Silicon Valley and is home to the headquarters of companies such as Intel, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), and Nvidia. It is also home to Santa Clara University, the oldest private university in California; Levi's Stadium, the home of the National Football League's San Francisco 49ers; and California's Great America amusement park. Santa Clara is bordered by San Jose on almost every side, except for Sunnyvale and Cupertino to the west.
Anno Museum
Anno Museum (formerly Hedmarks fylkesmuseum) in Hamar, Norway, is a regional museum for the municipalities of Stange, Hamar, Løten, and Ringsaker in central eastern Norway. It includes the medieval Cathedral Ruins in Hamar mentioned in Sigrid Undset's literary magnum opus Kristin Lavransdatter. The cathedral ruins are secured under a glass shelter  designed by Lund & Slaatto Architects and completed in 1998.

The museum also consists of the cathedral gardens, folk museum and active herb garden featuring plants used during the Middle Ages. Additionally the museum houses one of the largest photography collections in Norway, covering the entire region of Hedemarken since photography was first introduced.

Hedmarken
Hedmarken (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈhêːdmɑrkn̩], locally [ˈhɛ̂mɑrkɑ]; known as Hedemarken [ˈhêːdəmɑrkn̩] until 2003) is a traditional district in Innlandet county in Eastern Norway.

Hedmarken consists of the municipalities Stange, Hamar, Løten, and Ringsaker. In the past, it also contained the former municipalities of Romedal, Vang, Furnes, and Nes, but those municipalities were merged into Hamar, Stange, and Ringsaker during the 20th century. Traditionally, it also included Gjøvik Municipality on the other side of the lake, but this is no longer the case. The old county of Hedmark was named after the district of Hedmarken, but the county included several other districts as well, namely Østerdalen and Glåmdalen (Solør, Odalen and Vinger).

The district is dominated by rolling agricultural terrain, hilly green mountains, and pine forests.
Joseph Dawes
Joseph Dawes (14 February 1836 – unknown) was an English first-class cricketer, who played for five matches for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1885, and one for the North of England against the South of England in 1886.

Born in Hallam, Sheffield, Yorkshire, England, Dawes was a right-handed batsman, who scored 104 first-class runs at 11.55, with a best of 28* against Kent, and he took six wickets with his right arm, roundarm, fast bowling at 39.33, with a best of 2 for 24 in the same drawn match at the Bat and Ball Ground in Gravesend. He was coach at Eton College from 1863 to 1866, and then engaged in a similar capacity with the Royal Artillery at Woolwich up to 1876.

The date of his death is not recorded.

The Bat and Ball Ground
The Bat and Ball Ground is a cricket and sports ground in Gravesend in Kent. The ground was used as a first-class cricket venue by Kent County Cricket Club between 1849 and 1971. It remains in use by Gravesend Cricket Club who have used the ground as their home since their formation in 1881. The site also has lawn bowls and tennis facilities and is the home of Gravesend Bowls Club.

The ground is situated south of Gravesend town centre on the western team of the A227 Wrotham Road. The Bat and Ball Inn, which was named after the ground, is on the eastern team of the ground.
Atrial cross
An atrial cross is a large cross placed in the capilla abierta, atrium, or large open space in front of Mexican church buildings.  Most from recent centuries are in stone, with extensive ornamental carving in relief. They are a distinctive element of religious architecture in Mexico.

Originating during the Novohispanic era, these crosses reflect the fusion of pre-Columbian cultures and European Christianity. These stone sculptures, particularly found in the Valley of Mexico, are an element of an architectural style known as Tequitqui.

They may be compared with high cross tradition of the British Isles, also begun in a newly-converted society.

Capilla abierta
A capilla abierta ('open chapel') is considered to be one of the most distinct Mexican construction forms.  Mostly built in the 16th century during the early colonial period, the construction was basically an apse or open presbytery containing an altar, which opened onto a large atrium or plaza. While some state that these were constructed by friars because the native peoples of that epoch were afraid to enter the dark confines of European-style churches, the more likely reasons for their construction were that they allowed the holding of Mass for enormous numbers of people and the arrangement held similarities to the teocallis or sacred precincts of pre-Hispanic temples.  While open chapels can be found in other places in Spain and Peru, their systematic use in monasteries and other religious complexes, leading to a regularization of architectural elements, is only found in Mexico.
Reading built-up area
The Reading Built-up Area or Reading/Wokingham Urban Area is a name given by the Office for National Statistics to a conurbation in Berkshire, England, with a population of 318,014. This was a significant decrease from the population according to the 2001 census of 369,804 due to Bracknell no longer being considered part of the built-up area, but forming part of the Greater London Urban Area instead.

Its largest population centre is Reading, and it also includes Arborfield, Woodley, Theale, Crowthorne, Earley and Wokingham.

Part of the urban area, Crowthorne, is just to the north of Sandhurst, part of the Farnborough/Aldershot Urban Area, and its eastern extremity is just west of Bracknell part of the Greater London Urban Area.

Arborfield
Arborfield is a village in the civil parish of Arborfield and Newland, in the Borough of Wokingham in Berkshire, England. It is about 5 miles (8 km) south-east of Reading, about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Wokingham. It lies about 1 mile (2 km) west of the village of Arborfield Cross and the two villages have become collectively known as Arborfield, with no signs marking their boundary.
Davide Carbone
Davide Carbone (born 1971, in Melbourne, Australia) is an Australian music producer, composer, sound designer and technologist. Listed as one of the 7 most influential Australian music producers of all time by Australia's premier audio and music publication Mixdown Magazine, and one of the greatest Australian electronic acts of all time by Rolling Stone, Carbone has released several records, produced music for major artists, composed music and created sound design for TV, film, theatre, and video games, and developed music making software.

Sound design
Sound design is the art and practice of creating auditory elements of media. It involves specifying, acquiring and creating audio using production techniques and equipment or software. It is employed in a variety of disciplines including filmmaking, television production, video game development, theatre, sound recording and reproduction, live performance, sound art, post-production, radio, new media and musical instrument development. Sound design commonly involves performing (see e.g. Foley) and editing of previously composed or recorded audio, such as sound effects and dialogue for the purposes of the medium, but it can also involve creating sounds from scratch through synthesizers. A sound designer is one who practices sound design.
WFTL
WFTL (850 AM) is a commercial radio station in West Palm Beach, Florida, serving parts of Palm Beach County, Broward County, and Miami-Dade County. The station airs an news-talk format and is owned by Hubbard Broadcasting, through licensee WPP FCC License Sub, LLC.

By day, WFTL is powered at 50,000 watts, the maximum for commercial AM stations in the United States. As 850 AM is a clear channel frequency, WFTL reduces power at night to 20,000 watts to avoid interference to other stations.  It uses a directional antenna with a six-tower array.  The transmitter is near U.S. Route 27 in Okeelanta.  Programming is also heard on FM translator W242CI at 96.3 MHz in Jupiter.

Jupiter, Florida
Jupiter is the northernmost town in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. According to the 2020 US Census, the town had a population of 61,047. It is 84 miles north of Miami and 15 miles north of West Palm Beach. Along with the adjacent Village of Tequesta, Jupiter is considered the northernmost municipality in the Miami metropolitan area. It was named the 9th Best Southern Beach Town to live in by Stacker Newsletter for 2022 and as the 9th Happiest Seaside Town in the United States by Coastal Living in 2012.
I.CO.P.
I.CO.P. S.p.A. Società Benefit is an Italian construction company founded in 1920.

The company introduced the microtunnel and direct pipe technologies in Italy and is one of the main European players in the foundation sector. It is active in special underground works, maritime works and infrastructure, and is based in Basiliano in the province of Udine.

The company participates in the Eteria Consortium, a construction hub with Itinera of the Gavio Group and Vianini Lavori of the Caltagirone Group.

Since 2024, it has been listed on the Milan Stock Exchange.

Francesco Gaetano Caltagirone
Francesco Gaetano Caltagirone (Italian pronunciation: [franˈtʃesko ɡa.eˈtaːno kaltadʒiˈroːne]; born 2 March 1943) is an Italian businessman. He controls the holding company Caltagirone S.p.A. with interests in cement manufacturing, real estate, construction and publishing (with Caltagirone Editore).

As of 2015, Caltagirone was ranked number #894 on the 2015 Forbes billionaire list and #19 in Italy, with an estimated net worth of $2.1 billion.
FC Torpedo Rubtsovsk
51°31′36″N 81°13′20″E﻿ / ﻿51.526725°N 81.222333°E﻿ / 51.526725; 81.222333

FC Torpedo Rubtsovsk (Russian: «Торпедо» (Рубцовск)) is a Russian football team from Rubtsovsk. As of 2014, it plays in the Amateur Football League. It played professionally in 1964–1970, 1977–1998 and in 2002. Their best result was 2nd place in Zone 4 of the Soviet Second League in 1980 and in Zone 7 of the Russian Second Division in 1993.

Rubtsovsk
Rubtsovsk (Russian: Рубцо́вск, pronounced [rʊpˈtsofsk]) is a city in Altai Krai, Russia, located on the Aley River (Ob's tributary) 281 kilometers (175 mi) southwest of Barnaul. Population: 147,002 (2010 census); 163,063 (2002 census); 171,792 (1989 Soviet census); 167,000 (1975); 111,000 (1959); 75,334 (1939).

Rubtsovsk is the industrial center of Western Siberia. In particular, mechanical engineering. The city-forming enterprises are the Altai Tractor Plant, the Altai Agricultural Engineering Plant, and the Altai Tractor Electrical Equipment Plant.

Later, other large enterprises were put into operation: Rubtsovsk Machine-Building Plant, Rubtsovsk Tractor Spare Parts Plant.
Micrathena lepidoptera
Micrathena lepidoptera a species of orb weaver in the family Araneidae. This species has been found in Costa Rica and Colombia and is endemic to Sierras Nevadas of northern Colombia. Not much is known about this species, including its diet, life cycle, and reproduction. A study by Ivan F. Magalhaes and Alberto J. Santos saw members of the Micrathena group genetically tested to better organize the Micrathena and Chaetacis phylogenetic trees. This paper includes four synapomorphies for this species. These include: wrinkled booklung covers, epigynum with a pair of anterior apodemes, small copulatory openings that are concealed beneath lateral plates, and terminal apophysis that is fused to the embolus. The females of this species are distinct by having three compound spines on the each side of the abdomen, with a thoracic depression and dimples in the carapace and blunt spines on either side of the spinnerets.

Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.
VP-41
VP-41 was a Patrol Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established as Patrol Squadron 21 (VP-21) on 1 March 1944, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron 21 (VPB-21) on 1 October 1944, redesignated Patrol Squadron 21 (VP-21) on 15 May 1946, redesignated Medium Patrol Squadron (Seaplane) 11 (VP-MS-11) on 15 November 1946, redesignated Patrol Squadron 41 (VP-41) on 1 September 1948 and disestablished on 23 April 1949.

Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay
Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay or MCAS Kaneohe Bay (IATA: NGF, ICAO: PHNG, FAA LID: NGF) is a United States Marine Corps (USMC) airfield located within the Marine Corps Base Hawaii complex, formerly known as Marine Corps Air Facility (MCAF) Kaneohe Bay or Naval Air Station (NAS) Kaneohe Bay. It is located two miles (3 km) northeast of the central business district of Kaneohe, in Honolulu County, Hawaii, United States. The airfield has one runway (4/22) with a 7,771 x 200 ft (2,369 x 61 m) asphalt surface.
Carsluith Castle
Carsluith Castle is a ruined tower house, dating largely to the 16th century. It is located beside Wigtown Bay in  the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire in Galloway, Scotland, around 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi) south east of Creetown.

Tower houses in Britain and Ireland
Tower houses (Irish: caisleán) appeared on the Islands of Ireland and Great Britain starting from the High Middle Ages. These house-fortifications were constructed in the wilder parts of Great Britain and Ireland, particularly in Scotland, and throughout Ireland, until at least up to the 17th century. The remains of such structures are dotted around the Irish and Scottish countryside, with a particular concentration in the Scottish Borders where they include peel towers and bastle houses. Some are still intact and even inhabited today, while others stand as ruined shells.
Rijnmond
Rijnmond (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛimɔnt]; literally 'Rhine Mouth', 'Mouth of the Rhine', 'Rhine Estuary') is the conurbation surrounding the city of Rotterdam in the Netherlands. Another term used in this context is Stadsregio Rotterdam (literally 'Rotterdam Urban Region' or more conventionally 'Greater Rotterdam Area'). Located on the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, the region has a combined population of 1,181,289 as of 2021.

The term Rijnmond is used in the security region Rotterdam-Rijnmond, it consists of the following municipalities: Albrandswaard, Barendrecht, Brielle, Capelle aan den IJssel, Goeree-Overflakkee, Hellevoetsluis, Krimpen aan den IJssel, Lansingerland, Maassluis, Nissewaard, Ridderkerk, Rotterdam, Schiedam, Vlaardingen and Westvoorne.

Albrandswaard
Albrandswaard (Dutch: [ˌɑlbrɑntsˈʋaːrt] ⓘ) is a municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality had a population of 25,814 as of 2021, and covers an area of 23.76 km2 (9.17 sq mi) of which 2.07 km2 (0.80 sq mi) is water.

The municipality of Albrandswaard consists of the villages of Poortugaal in the west and Rhoon in the east. They were separate municipalities until 1985. The name was taken from the historic municipality of Albrandswaard en Kijvelanden, which existed until 1842, when it joined Poortugaal. Albrandswaard actually is a polder located between Rhoon and Poortugaal.

Both villages have a metro station on Rotterdam Metro line D (Poortugaal station and Rhoon station), which connect them to Rotterdam and to the main railway network from Rotterdam Centraal in the east, and to Hoogvliet and Spijkenisse in the west.
Frank G. Dickey
Frank Graves Dickey (December 1, 1917 in Wagoner, Oklahoma – August 7, 2009, in Lexington, Kentucky) was the fifth president of the University of Kentucky, from 1956 to 1963.

Dickey graduated summa cum laude with a B.A. degree from Transylvania College in 1939, and received both his Master of Arts degree and a Doctorate of Education from the University of Kentucky in 1942 and 1947, respectively. In 1951 he was inducted into Omicron Delta Kappa at the University of Kentucky.  Following service in World War II, Dickey was appointed to the faculty of the University of Kentucky College of Education, where he rose to Dean.

Omicron Delta Kappa
Omicron Delta Kappa (ΟΔΚ), also known as The Circle and ODK, is an American collegiate honor society that recognizes leadership and scholarship. It was founded in 1914, at Washington and Lee University in Lexington, Virginia and has chartered more than 400 chapters or circles. To be selected as a member of ΟΔΚ, students must be among the top 35 percent of all students at that particular institution and hold a leadership role in one of the society's five areas of recognition. Omicron Delta Kappa is a member of the Honor Society Caucus, along with Phi Beta Kappa, Phi Kappa Phi, and Sigma Xi.
Rhinotocinclus halbothi
Rhinotocinclus halbothi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Trombetas River basin in Brazil, as well as the Maroni basin in Suriname. The type locality of the species is a shallow, clear, unvegetated stream with a mixed substrate composed of gravel, sand, and leaf litter, though the fish is reported to be most frequently seen in portions of the stream with a gravel substrate. This species is noted to coexist with a variety of other fishes in its environment, including the genera Aequidens, Apistogramma, Bryconops, Callichthys, Copella, Erythrinus, Gymnorhamphichthys, Helogenes, Hoplias, Laimosemion, Mastiglanis, Pyrrhulina, and Synbranchus. It reaches 2 cm (0.79 in) SL.

Callichthys
Callichthys is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Callichthyidae and the subfamily Callichthyinae, the armored catfishes. The genus Callichthys is distributed in most freshwater drainages of South America.
Down by the River (Neil Young song)
"Down by the River"  is a song composed by Neil Young. It was first released on his 1969 album with Crazy Horse, Everybody Knows This Is Nowhere. Young explained the context of the story in the liner notes of his 1977 anthology album Decade, stating that he wrote "Down by the River", "Cinnamon Girl" and "Cowgirl in the Sand" while delirious in bed in Topanga Canyon with a 103 °F (39 °C) fever.

Staccato
Staccato ([stakˈkaːto]; Italian for "detached") is a form of musical articulation. In modern notation, it signifies a note of shortened duration, separated from the note that may follow by silence. It has been described by theorists and has appeared in music since at least 1676.