hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Helene (2020 film)
Helene is a 2020 Finnish historical drama film directed by Antti Jokinen. The film stars Laura Birn as the titular Finnish painter Helene Schjerfbeck. It is based on the Rakel Liehu’s Runeberg Prize-winning novel of the same name, adapted for the screen by Jokinen and Marko Leino.

The film was released on 17 January 2020 and became the most-watched movie in Finland for three consecutive weeks, attracting over 100,000 viewers within its first two weeks.

Runeberg Prize
The Runeberg Prize (Finnish: Runeberg-palkinto, Swedish: Runebergspriset) is a Finnish literature prize founded in 1987.

The prize is named in honour of Finnish national poet Johan Ludvig Runeberg (1804–1877) and is awarded annually on his birthday, 5 February. The prize is awarded to a literary work by a Finnish writer in Finnish or Swedish. The Runeberg prize is currently endowed with 20,000 euros.

The award is administered by the city of Porvoo, the longtime centre of Runeberg's life, along with the  Finnish-language Union of Finnish Writers (Suomen Kirjailijaliitto), the Finland-Swedish Society of Swedish Authors in Finland (Finlands svenska författareförening), The Finnish Critics' Association (Suomen arvostelijain liitto/Finlands kritikerförbund) and the newspaper Uusimaa.
Oliver Padel
Oliver James Padel (born 31 October 1948 in St Pancras, London, England) is an English medievalist and toponymist specializing in Welsh and Cornish studies.  He is currently Honorary Research Fellow in the Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse, and Celtic in the University of Cambridge, and visiting professor of Celtic at the University of the West of England.

St Pancras, London
St Pancras (/ˈpæŋkrəs/) is a district in North London. It was originally a medieval ancient parish and subsequently became a metropolitan borough. The metropolitan borough then merged with neighbouring boroughs and the area now forms around half of the modern London Borough of Camden.

The area of the parish and borough extends nearly four miles in a north-south axis, between Islington in the east and Marylebone and Hampstead in the west. It takes in the sub-districts of Camden Town, Kentish Town, Gospel Oak, Somers Town, King's Cross, Chalk Farm, Dartmouth Park, the core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate.
Finite mathematics
In mathematics education, Finite Math is a syllabus in college and university mathematics that is independent of calculus. A course in precalculus may be a prerequisite for Finite Mathematics.

Contents of the course include an eclectic selection of topics often applied in social science and business, such as finite probability spaces, matrix multiplication, Markov processes, finite graphs, or mathematical models. These topics were used in Finite Mathematics courses at Dartmouth College as developed by John G. Kemeny, Gerald L. Thompson, and J. Laurie Snell and published by Prentice-Hall. Other publishers followed with their own topics. With the arrival of software to facilitate computations, teaching and usage shifted from a broad-spectrum Finite Mathematics with paper and pen, into development and usage of software.

Syllabus
A syllabus (/ˈsɪləbəs/; pl.: syllabuses or syllabi) is a document that communicates information about an academic course or class and defines expectations and responsibilities. It is generally an overview or summary of the curriculum. A syllabus may be set out by an examination board or prepared by the tutor or instructor who teaches or controls the course. The syllabus is usually handed out and reviewed in the first class; it can also be available online or electronically transmitted as an e-syllabus.

The word is also used more generally for an abstract or programme of knowledge, and is best known in this sense as referring to two catalogues published by the Catholic Church in 1864 and 1907 condemning certain doctrinal positions.
Alberta Highway 16
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 16, commonly referred to as Highway 16, is a major east–west highway in central Alberta, Canada, connecting Jasper with Lloydminster via Edmonton. It forms a portion of the Yellowhead Highway, a major interprovincial route of the Trans-Canada Highway system that stretches from Masset, British Columbia, on Graham Island, to the main Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1) west of Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, near Winnipeg. Highway 16 spans approximately 634 kilometres (394 mi) from Alberta's border with British Columbia in the west to its border with Saskatchewan in the east. As of 2010, all but less than 96 kilometres (60 mi) of the route was divided, with a minimum of two lanes in each direction. It is designated a core route in Canada's National Highway System.

Graham Island
Graham Island (Haida: X̱aaydag̱a Gwaay.yaay linag̱waay) is the largest island in the Haida Gwaii archipelago (previously known as the Queen Charlotte Islands), lying off the mainland coast of British Columbia, Canada. It is separated by the narrow Skidegate Channel from the other principal island of the group to the south, Moresby Island (T'aaxwii X̱aaydag̱a Gwaay.yaay linag̱waay in the language of the Haida people). It has a population of 3,858 (2016 census), an area of 6,361 km2 (2,456 sq mi), and is the 101st largest island in the world and Canada's 22nd largest island.

Graham Island was named in 1853 by James Charles Prevost, commander of HMS Virago, for Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet, who was First Lord of the Admiralty at the time.
Nor-LSD
Nor-LSD, or norLSD, also known as N,N-diethyl-6-norlysergamide or as N-desmethyllysergic acid diethylamide (N-desmethyl-LSD), is a serotonin receptor modulator and putative psychedelic of the lysergamide family related to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It is the analogue of LSD in which the methyl group at the 6 position of the ergoline ring system has been removed.

Ergoline
Ergoline is a core structure in many alkaloids and their synthetic derivatives. Ergoline alkaloids were first characterized in ergot. Some of these are implicated in the condition of ergotism, which can take a convulsive form or a gangrenous form. Even so, many ergoline alkaloids have been found to be clinically useful. Annual world production of ergot alkaloids has been estimated at 5,000–8,000 kg of all ergopeptines and 10,000–15,000 kg of lysergic acid, used primarily in the manufacture of semi-synthetic derivatives.

Others, such as lysergic acid diethylamide, better known as LSD, a semi-synthetic derivative, and ergine, a natural derivative found in Argyreia nervosa, Ipomoea tricolor and related species, are known psychedelic substances.
William and Phebe C. Dunn House
The William and Phebe C. Dunn House is a historic building located in Marion, Iowa, United States.  This two-story, brick dwelling is a vernacular version of the Italianate style, which was popular at the time it was built in 1866.  It is a well-preserved example of a pioneer-era dwelling from the time period that Marion was the county seat of Linn County.  The house was constructed by local masons and other craftsmen, utilizing locally produced brick and limestone quarried in the region.  It features bracketed eaves and limestone lintels and sills.  The house is architecturally similar to the buildings in the nearby Marion Commercial Historic District.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

Linn County, Iowa
Linn County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 230,299, and was estimated to be 231,762 in 2024, making it the second-most populous county in Iowa. The county seat and the largest city is Cedar Rapids. Linn County is named in honor of Senator Lewis F. Linn of Missouri. Linn County is included in the Cedar Rapids, IA Metropolitan statistical area.
Chain transfer
In polymer chemistry, a chain transfer reaction is an event during a polymerization reaction by which the activity of a growing polymer chain is transferred to another molecule:

where • is the active center, P is the initial polymer chain, X is the end group, and R is the substituent to which the active center is transferred.

Chain transfer reactions reduce the average molecular weight of the final polymer.  Chain transfer can be either introduced deliberately into a polymerization (by use of a chain transfer agent) or it may be an unavoidable side-reaction with various components of the polymerization.  Chain transfer reactions occur in most forms of addition polymerization including radical polymerization, ring-opening polymerization, coordination polymerization, and cationic polymerization, as well as anionic polymerization.

Polymer chemistry
Polymer chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that focuses on the structures, chemical synthesis, and chemical and physical properties of polymers and macromolecules. The principles and methods used within polymer chemistry are also applicable through a wide range of other chemistry sub-disciplines like organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry. Many materials have polymeric structures, from fully inorganic metals and ceramics to DNA and other biological molecules. However, polymer chemistry is typically related to synthetic and organic compositions. Synthetic polymers are ubiquitous in commercial materials and products in everyday use, such as plastics, and rubbers, and are major components of composite materials. Polymer chemistry can also be included in the broader fields of polymer science or even nanotechnology, both of which can be described as encompassing polymer physics and polymer engineering.
Graph energy
In mathematics, the energy of a graph is the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of the graph. This quantity is studied in the context of spectral graph theory.

More precisely, let G be a graph with n vertices. It is assumed that G is a simple graph, that is, it does not contain loops or parallel edges. Let A be the adjacency matrix of G and let , ,  be the eigenvalues of A. Then the energy of the graph is defined as:

Absolute value
In mathematics, the absolute value or modulus of a real number , denoted , is the (non-negative) magnitude of  measured without regard to its sign. Namely,  if  is a positive number, and  if  is negative (in which case negating  makes  positive), and . For example, the absolute value of 3 is 3, and the absolute value of −3 is also 3. The absolute value of a number may be thought of as its distance from zero.

Generalisations of the absolute value for real numbers occur in a wide variety of mathematical settings. For example, an absolute value is also defined for the complex numbers, the quaternions, ordered rings, fields and vector spaces. The absolute value is closely related to the notions of magnitude, distance, and norm in various mathematical and physical contexts.
USS LSM-135
USS LSM-135 was a LSM-1-class landing ship medium built for the United States Navy during World War II. Like many of her class, she was not named and is properly referred to by her hull designation.

She was laid down on 13 March 1944, at the Charleston Navy Yard, launched on 23 April 1944, and commissioned as USS LSM-135 on 31 May 1944.

Charleston Naval Shipyard
Charleston Naval Shipyard (formerly known as the Charleston Navy Yard) was a U.S. Navy ship building and repair facility located along the west bank of the Cooper River, in North Charleston, South Carolina and part of Naval Base Charleston.
Lin Zunqi
Lin Zunqi (Chinese: 林尊琪; 3 June 1942 – 28 May 2018) was a Chinese physicist who was an expert in high-power solid-state lasers. He was a professor of the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, chief engineer of the National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and an academician of the CAS.

Lin was born in Beijing on 3 June 1942. After graduating from University of Science and Technology of China in 1964, he finished his postgraduate studies in 1968. He was instrumental in the construction of the Shenguang-II High Power Laser Facility, China's largest laser fusion facility. He published more than 200 papers and won multiple national science prizes for his contributions to laser research. He was awarded the Ho Leung Ho Lee Prize for technological sciences.

On 28 May 2018, Lin died at Huadong Hospital in Shanghai, at the age of 75.

Huadong Hospital
Huadong Hospital (Chinese: 华东医院) or East China Hospital, founded in 1921 as the Country Hospital, is a teaching hospital in Shanghai, China, affiliated with the Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University. Its main building, designed by László Hudec, is a Municipal Heritage Building of Shanghai.
Yvonne McCain
Yvonne McCain (1948 - 2011) was the lead plaintiff in a lawsuit, which led to a landmark ruling in 1986 by the Appellate Division of the State Supreme Court in Manhattan, stating that New York City could not deny emergency shelter for homeless families with children. However, the case was not settled until 2008, when it was settled by New York City and the Legal Aid Society. The McCain case was settled in 2008 in the Boston v. City of New York case, and the settlement upheld the legal right to shelter for homeless families and children.

State supreme court
In the United States, a state supreme court (known by other names in some states) is the highest court in the state judiciary of a U.S. state. On matters of state law, the judgment of a state supreme court is considered final and binding in both state and federal courts.

Generally, a state supreme court, like most appellate tribunals, is exclusively for hearing appeals of legal issues. Although state supreme court rulings on matters of state law are final, rulings on matters of federal law (generally made under the state court's concurrent jurisdiction) can be appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States. Each state supreme court consists of a panel of judges selected by methods outlined in the state constitution. Among the most common methods for selection are gubernatorial appointment, non-partisan election, and partisan election, but the different states follow a variety of procedures.
Wichita Falls and Oklahoma Railway
The Wichita Falls and Oklahoma Railway, together with its affiliate the Wichita Falls and Oklahoma Railroad of Oklahoma, built a line from Wichita Falls, Texas to Waurika, Oklahoma in two stages, starting in 1903 and completing in 1923. Results were disappointing, and the line was abandoned in late 1942.

Wichita Falls, Texas
Wichita Falls (/ˈwɪtʃɪtɑː/ WITCH-ih-tah) is a city in and the county seat of Wichita County, Texas, United States. It is the principal city of the Wichita Falls metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Archer, Clay, and Wichita Counties. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 102,316, making it the 43rd-most populous city in Texas. Wichita Falls is home to Midwestern State University, enrolling more than 5,500 students.
Blue-and-white kingfisher
The blue-and-white kingfisher (Todiramphus diops) is a species of bird in the family Alcedinidae.
It is endemic to North Maluku in Indonesia. It can be found on the islands of Morotai, Ngelengele, Halmahera, Damar, Ternate, Tidore, Moti, Bacan, Obi and Obilatu.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical mangrove forests.

Halmahera
Halmahera, formerly known as Jilolo, Gilolo, or Jailolo, is the largest island in the Maluku Islands. It is part of the North Maluku province of Indonesia, and Sofifi, the capital of the province, is located on the west coast of the island.

Halmahera has a land area of 17,780 km2 (6,860 sq mi). It is the largest island of Indonesia outside the five main islands. It had a population of 162,728 in 1995; by 2010, it had increased to 449,938 for the island itself (excluding the tip which is considered part of the Joronga Islands, but including Gebe and Ju islands) and 667,161 for the island group (including all of South Halmahera and Tidore, but not Ternate). Approximately half of the island's inhabitants are Muslim and half are Christian.
Hughes-Morgan baronets
The Hughes-Morgan Baronetcy, of Penally in the County of Pembroke, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 27 June 1925 for Sir David Hughes-Morgan, Chairman of the Western Mail. Born David Morgan, he assumed by deed poll the additional surname of Hughes in 1925.

The third baronet was a major-general in the British Army.

Deed poll
A deed poll (plural: deeds poll) is a legal document binding on a single person or several persons acting jointly to express an intention or create an obligation. It is a deed, and not a contract, because it binds only one party.
Sealyham House
Sealyham Mansion, overlooking the little River Sealy, is a Georgian country house in Pembrokeshire, Wales,  near Wolfscastle and to the southeast of Letterston. Known for the creation of the Sealyham Terrier there in the 1800s, the house served as a sanatorium and medical facility from 1923 to 1964. In 1986 it became a children's activity centre.

Wolf's Castle
Wolf's Castle (Welsh: Casblaidd), also spelt Wolfscastle, is a village and community in Pembrokeshire, between Haverfordwest and Fishguard, in southwest Wales. It was historically in the parish of St Dogwells.
22 Cygni
22 Cygni is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, blue-white hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.95. The annual shift of 3.0 mas yields a distance estimate of around 1,070 light years. It is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −15 km/s.

This is a single-lined spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of 78.2 days and an eccentricity of roughly 0.17. The visible component has a stellar classification of B5 IV that matches a B-type subgiant star. It is 37 million years old with a projected rotational velocity of 30 km/s and has an essentially solar metallicity, within the margin of error. The star has eight times the mass of the Sun and about 5.6 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 7,305 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 15,200 K.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
Thomas Curley (Wisconsin general)
Thomas Curley (May 8, 1825 – February 24, 1904) was an Irish American farmer, soldier, and Democratic politician.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Crawford County in the 1883 and 1885 sessions.  During the American Civil War, he served as an officer in the Union Army, rising to the rank of brigadier general.

37th Wisconsin Legislature
The Thirty-Seventh Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 14, 1885, to April 13, 1885, in regular session.

Senators representing even-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 4, 1884. Senators representing odd-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 7, 1882.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Jeremiah M. Rusk, of Vernon County, serving his second two-year term, having won re-election in the 1884 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
George North
George Philip North (born 13 April 1992) is a professional rugby union player who plays as a centre for Pro D2 club Provence Rugby. Born in England, he grew up in Wales and represented Wales at international level between 2010 and 2024, as well as the British and Irish Lions on two tours, and is one of the most accomplished players of his generation.

He began his professional career with the Scarlets before moving to England to play with the Northampton Saints. Notably, he made Welsh rugby history by being the youngest player to score a try on debut at the age of 18. North also has established himself as one of the top try-scorers at test level, holding the record for the most tries scored by an active international player.

Welsh Rugby Union
The Welsh Rugby Union (WRU; Welsh: Undeb Rygbi Cymru) is the governing body of rugby union in the country of Wales, recognised by the sport's international governing body, World Rugby.

The WRU is responsible for the running of rugby in Wales, overseeing 320 member clubs, the Welsh national team and National Leagues and Cups. The WRU is headed by the President (Terry Cobner), chairman (Richard Collier-Keywood) and CEO (Abi Tierney).
Ildar Garifullin
Ildar Garifullin (Russian: Ильдар Гарифуппин; 27 May 1963 – 22 May 2023) was a Russian nordic combined skier who competed for the Soviet Union in the early 1980s. He won a bronze medal in the 3 × 10 km team event at the 1984 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Rovaniemi. Garifullin's best individual finish was 5th in West Germany in 1984.

Garifullin also competed in the Nordic combined event at the 1984 Winter Olympics.

Garifullin died on 22 May 2023, at the age of 59.

Nordic combined
Nordic combined is a winter sport in which athletes compete in cross-country skiing and ski jumping. The Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics has been held since the first Winter Olympics in 1924, while the FIS Nordic Combined World Cup has been held since 1983. Many Nordic combined competitions use the Gundersen method, where placement in the ski jumping segment results in time (dis)advantages added to the contestant's total in the cross-country skiing segment (e.g. the ski jumping winner starts the cross-country skiing race at 00:00:00 while the one with the lowest jumping score starts with the longest time penalty).
Meta Brevoort
Marguerite "Meta" Claudia Brevoort (November 8, 1825 – December 19, 1876) was an American mountain climber and pioneer in alpine history, known for her many first ascents and as a trailblazer in winter mountaineering.

In the Haut Dauphiné region, the highest peak of the Grande Ruine, the 3,765-meter-high Pointe Brevoort, was named after her.

Dauphiné Alps
The Dauphiné Alps (French: Alpes du Dauphiné) are a group of mountain ranges in Southeastern France, west of the main chain of the Alps. Mountain ranges within the Dauphiné Alps include the Massif des Écrins in Écrins National Park, Belledonne, Le Taillefer range and the mountains of Matheysine.
Ted Robert
Robert Gurtner (11 October 1943 – 3 September 2025), better known by the stage name Ted Robert, was a Swiss singer-songwriter.

Often seen singing and songwriting alongside the likes of Michel Drucker and Alain Morisod, he was also active in politics, unsuccessfully pursuing candidacy for the Council of State of Vaud and the National Council as a member of the Swiss Democrats.

Robert died on 3 September 2025, at the age of 81.

Swiss Democrats
The Swiss Democrats (German: Schweizer Demokraten; French: Démocrates Suisses; Italian: Democratici Svizzeri; Romansh: Democrats Svizers) is a nationalist political party in Switzerland. It was called the National Action against the Alienation of the People and the Home (German: Nationale Aktion gegen Überfremdung von Volk und Heimat; NA) until 1977 and the National Action for People and Home (German: Nationale Aktion für Volk und Heimat) until 1990, when it was renamed to its current name.