hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Senatorial courtesy
Senatorial courtesy is a long-standing constitutional convention in the U.S., describing the tendency of U.S. senators to support a Senate colleague opposing the appointment to federal office of a nominee from that senator's state. The practice is motivated by a general sense of collegiality among senators and the assumption that a Senate colleague will have the best first-hand knowledge of the personal character and qualifications of a nominee from the senator's own state. It is also viewed as an "important source of political patronage" for U.S. senators.

Collegiality
Collegiality is the relationship between colleagues, especially among peers, for example a fellow member of the same profession.

Colleagues are those explicitly united in a common purpose and, at least in theory, respect each other's abilities to work toward that purpose. A colleague is an associate in a profession or in a civil or ecclesiastical office. In a narrower sense, members of the faculty of a university or college are each other's "colleagues".
Otocinclus caxarari
Otocinclus caxarari is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Madeira River basin in Bolivia and Brazil. It is known to reach 2.6 cm (1 inch) in standard length.

Madeira River
The Madeira River (Portuguese: Rio Madeira [maˈdejɾɐ]) is a major waterway in South America. It is estimated to be 1,450 km (900 mi) in length, while the Madeira-Mamoré is estimated near 3,250 km (2,020 mi) or 3,380 km (2,100 mi) in length depending on the measuring party and their methods. The Madeira is the biggest tributary of the Amazon, accounting for about 15% of the water in the basin. A map from Emanuel Bowen in 1747, held by the David Rumsey Map Collection, refers to the Madeira by the pre-colonial, indigenous name Cuyari.

The River of Cuyari, called by the Portuguese Madeira or the Wood River, is formed by two great rivers, which join near its mouth. It was by this River, that the Nation of Topinambes passed into the River Amazon.
Andrew Sinclair (politician)
Andrew Sinclair (1861 – 28 June 1938) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.

He was born in Dunfermline to cabinetmaker Richard Sinclair and Anne Dewar. He migrated to Australia around 1893 and managed a joinery department. On 30 March 1899 he married Sarah Jane Clark, with whom he had three sons. He was a member of the Australian Socialist League from 1893 to 1894 and was on the staff of the Australian Workman. In 1912 he was appointed to the New South Wales Legislative Council as a Labor nominee. He left the party in the conscription split in 1916 and became a Nationalist, remaining in the Legislative Council until its reconstitution in 1934. Sinclair died at Ashfield in 1938.

Nationalist Party (Australia)
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party  was in government (from 1923 in coalition with the Country Party) until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
Karl Arnstein
Karl Arnstein (March 24, 1887, Prague – December 12, 1974, Bryan, Ohio) was one of the most important 20th century airship engineers and designers in Germany and the United States of America. He was born in Prague, Bohemia (now the Czech Republic) to Jewish parents. He developed stress analysis methods that have been incorporated into bridges, airships and airplane materials. Before his involvement in airships he was one of the main engineers in building the Swiss Langwieser Viaduct.

In World War I Arnstein worked on improvements to the design of the German Zeppelin airships; see Zeppelin. He was the chief designer of the U.S. Navy airships, USS Akron and USS Macon, and was employed by the Goodyear-Zeppelin Corporation in Akron Ohio. He also designed one of the largest airship sheds in the US for sheltering huge Zeppelins.

Airship hangar
Airship hangars (also known as airship sheds) are large specialized buildings that are used for sheltering airships during construction, maintenance and storage. Rigid airships always needed to be based in airship hangars because weathering was a serious risk.
The Dales (TV programme)
The Dales is a British travel documentary show that aired on ITV from 28 March 2011 to 5 August 2013 and was hosted by Ade Edmondson.

Amanda Owen ("The Yorkshire Shepherdess") and her family appeared as regulars on this series, with the family in the first series including Amanda and husband Clive, plus young children Raven, Reuben, Miles, Edith and Violet.

The Owens appeared on The Dales alongside the Reverend Ann Chapman, the vicar of four small churches in Yorkshire, mother and son farmers Philip and Carol Mellin, and Izzy Lane, known for her sustainable wool fashion business.

The programme was repeated on Together TV in 2021 and was added to the My5 streaming catalogue alongside Our Yorkshire Farm and New Lives in the Wild.

Together TV
Together TV (formerly The Community Channel) is a British free-to-air television channel owned by The Community Channel, a community benefit society. The channel targets a women's audience aged 40 to 60, with programming related to health and wellness, hobbies, and creativity.

The channel was initially launched on 18 September 2000 as The Community Channel, with programming centered around promoting volunteerism and charitable organizations. It was initially backed by other British broadcasters who provided resources and other programming to the service. After selling its previous Freeview slot to A&E Networks in 2017, the channel re-launched on Freeview in January 2018 under its current name.
Patricia Cruise
Sister Patricia Cruise is an American Roman Catholic nun who served as president of the North American agency Covenant House from 2003 to 2009. In 1979 she graduated from Russell Sage College in Troy, New York with a degree in physical education. In a 2003 speech in Times Square, Cruise accepted her presidency of Covenant House, speaking of the problems of homelessness and runaway youth in Mexico, Canada and the United States.

Russell Sage College
Russell Sage College (often Russell Sage or RSC) is a co-educational college with two campuses located in Albany and Troy, New York, approximately 150 miles (240 km) north of New York City in the Capital District.  Russell Sage College offers both undergraduate and graduate degree and certificate programs. As of 2024, 2,790 students are enrolled, with 1,241 undergraduate students and 1,535 graduate students.
Martin Brady
Martin Brady (born 7 May 1947) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician, who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) and Senator from 1997 to 2011.

Born in Virginia, County Cavan, he was a member of Dublin City Council for the Donaghmede area from 1991 to 2004. Brady was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin North-East constituency. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1997 general election and retained his seat at the 2002 general election. He lost his seat at the 2007 general election and was also unsuccessful in the Seanad election for the Labour Panel in 2007.

He was nominated by the Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern to the Seanad on 3 August 2007. He was the Fianna Fáil Seanad spokesperson for Social and Family Affairs from 2007 to 2011.

Dublin North-East
Dublin North-East was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas, from 1937 to 1977 and from 1981 to 2016. The method of election was proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
August Siegrist
August Siegrist (20 May 1865, in Basel – 13 December 1947) was a Swiss ophthalmologist remembered for describing Siegrist streaks. He trained at Basel, Zurich, Lausanne, Vienna and Bern, where he received his M.D. in 1892. He studied further in Bern under Emil Theodor Kocher and in Vienna under Ernst Fuchs. He was habilitated in ophthalmology at Basel in 1900, and in 1903 succeeded Ernst Pflüger as professor of ophthalmology and director of the eye clinic at the University of Bern. He maintained these positions at Bern up until 1935. He worked on the correction of keratoconus including the use of early contact lenses.

University of Bern
The University of Bern (German: Universität Bern, French: Université de Berne, Latin: Universitas Bernensis) is a public research university in the Swiss capital of Bern. It was founded in 1834. It is regulated and financed by the canton of Bern. It is a comprehensive university offering a broad choice of courses and programs in eight faculties and some 150 institutes. With around 19,000 students, the University of Bern is the third largest university in Switzerland.
Albanian Navy (1914–1939)
Between 1914 and 1939, there were three separate Albanian navies. The first navy was short-lived, belonging to the Principality of Albania. The second one, the Albanian Republican Navy shared a similar fate, as it served the short-lived Albanian Republic. The third navy, the Royal Albanian Navy, managed to last over a decade, until Italy invaded the country. The Republican and Royal Albanian Navies together formed the Zog era of the Albanian Navy, as King Zog founded the republic with himself as President before crowning himself as King of Albania. The Albanian Flotilla, small as it was, reached its peak during the Kingdom period.

Principality of Albania
The Principality of Albania (Albanian: Principata e Shqipërisë) was a monarchy from 1914 to 1925. It was headed by Wilhelm, Prince of Albania, and located in modern Albania in the Balkan region of Europe. The Ottoman Empire owned the land until the First Balkan War (1912—1913), which ended in the Treaty of London that formed the principality. The Principality of Albania survived invasions during World War I (1914–1918) and subsequent disputes over Albanian independence during the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920). In 1925, the monarchy was abolished and the Albanian Republic (1925–1928), a parliamentary republic and dictatorship, was declared.
Agusan del Norte Provincial Board
The Agusan del Norte Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Agusan del Norte.

The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into two districts, one sending one member and the other sending seven members to the provincial board; the electorate votes the number of seats allocated for their district, with the candidates with the highest number of votes (first in the first district and the first seven in the second) being elected. The vice governor is the ex officio presiding officer, and only votes to break ties. The vice governor is elected via the plurality voting system throughout the province.

Casting vote
A casting vote is a vote that someone may exercise to resolve a tied vote in a deliberative body. A casting vote is typically by the presiding officer of a council, legislative body, committee, etc., and may only be exercised to break a deadlock.

Examples of presiding officers who hold casting votes are the speaker of the House of Commons in the United Kingdom and the president of the United States Senate (an ex-officio role of the vice president of the United States).
Shaun Baxter (Australian rules footballer)
Shaun Baxter (born 2 October 1977) is a former Australian rules footballer who was drafted by the Western Bulldogs.

Baxter was drafted to Footscray, as the Western Bulldogs were known then, as selection 49 in the 1994 AFL draft from the Geelong Falcons under-18s via Geelong & District Football League club, Bannockburn. His short AFL career was heavily hampered by a battle with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, type of cancer, that he survived. Baxter's fight with the illness was highlighted in the documentary Year of the Dogs during Footscray's turbulent 1996 season. His health contributed to Baxter never playing an AFL game. He later spent some time on Geelong Cats's supplementary list as a reserves player, before moving to Western Australia and playing for the East Perth Royals.

In 2008, he was a challenger on Australian Gladiators. He lost to Joe McKay.

In late 2020, the Beechworth Bushrangers appointed Baxter as non-playing coach.

Geelong & District Football Netball League
The Geelong & District Football Netball League (GDFNL) is an Australian rules football and netball league in Victoria, being the oldest surviving competition in the region. It is one of three leagues in the Geelong area, the others being the Geelong FNL and the Bellarine FNL.

There are 12 teams competing in the GDFL, which has also produced over 600 VFL/AFL players.
HMS Suffolk
Six ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Suffolk, after the county of Suffolk:

HMS Suffolk (1680) was a 70-gun third rate launched in 1680, rebuilt in 1699, 1718 and 1739, and broken up in 1765.

HMS Suffolk (1694) was a 30-gun storeship purchased in 1694 and sold in 1713.

HMS Suffolk (1765) was a 74-gun third rate launched in 1765 and sold in 1803.

HMS Suffolk was a prison ship launched in 1775 as the 74-gun third rate HMS Sultan. She became a prison ship in 1797, was renamed HMS Suffolk in 1805, and was sold in 1816.

HMS Suffolk (1903) was a Monmouth-class armoured cruiser launched in 1903 and sold in 1920.

HMS Suffolk (55) was a County-class heavy cruiser launched in 1926 and sold for breaking up in 1948.

Monmouth-class cruiser
The Monmouth class was a ten-ship class of 10,000-ton armoured cruisers built around 1901 to 1903 for the Royal Navy and designed specifically for commerce protection. The ships were also referred to as County class cruisers as they carried the names of British counties.
Baader Meinhof (album)
Baader Meinhof is a 1996 album by Luke Haines, under the pseudonym Baader Meinhof. The name is taken from two of the main members of the Red Army Faction, Andreas Baader and Ulrike Meinhof, and the album, composed of 10 tracks, tells the history of group, since the ideas that might have inspired the group (in the first track, there's a quote from the student movement leader Rudi Dutschke: "Rudi said 'we got to be wise and we got to get armed'"), their first actions ("Burn Warehouse Burn"), their travel to Jordan ("Meet Me at the Airport"), their capture, the hijacking of a Lufthansa airplane by the members of the "second generation" of the RAF, in 1977 (one of the events that marked the German Autumn) ("Mogadishu").

In 2014, British independent record label 3 Loop Music re-released the album on heavyweight 180gsm vinyl and as an Expanded CD Edition which included four remixes from a previously unreleased EP.

Andreas Baader
Berndt Andreas Baader (6 May 1943 – 18 October 1977) was a West German communist and leader of the far-left terrorist organization Red Army Faction (RAF), also commonly known as the Baader-Meinhof Group.
Sanjay Shete
Sanjay Shete (born 1968) is an Indian-American statistician and professor in statistical genetic, genetic epidemiology, behavioral genetics and biostatistics at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. He is Barnhart Family Distinguished Professor in Targeted Therapies and section chief of behavioral and social statistics in the division of Quantitative Sciences. He is a fellow of the American Statistical Association. Currently, he is the editor-in-chief of the Genetic Epidemiology journal.

American Statistical Association
The American Statistical Association (ASA) is the main professional organization for statisticians and related professionals in the United States. It was founded in Boston, Massachusetts, on November 27, 1839, and is the second-oldest continuously operating professional society in the U.S. behind the Massachusetts Medical Society (founded in 1781). ASA services statisticians, quantitative scientists, and users of statistics across many academic areas and applications. The association publishes a variety of journals and sponsors several international conferences every year.
Nestlé Bear Brand
Bear Brand is a drink and powdered milk brand currently owned by Nestlé. The brand is available in most areas of Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Eastern Africa, as well as in Asian stores in the United States and Canada. It was marketed under the brand name "Marca Oso", which is Spanish for "Bear Brand". The brand's Indonesian name is "Susu Cap Beruang".

In 2014, a consumer research firm ranked Bear Brand milk as No. 6 among the top 50 "most popular fast-moving consumer goods" in the Philippines.

Powdered milk
Powdered milk, also called milk powder, dried milk, dry milk, or (in food ingredient labeling) milk solids, is a manufactured dairy product made by evaporating milk to a state of dryness. One purpose of drying milk is to preserve it; milk powder has a far longer shelf life than liquid milk and does not need to be refrigerated, due to its low moisture content. Another purpose is to reduce its bulk for the economy of transportation. Powdered milk and dairy products include such items as dry whole milk, nonfat (skimmed) dry milk, dry buttermilk, dry whey products and dry dairy blends.  Many exported dairy products conform to standards laid out in Codex Alimentarius.

Powdered milk is used for food as an additive, for health (nutrition), and also in biotechnology (saturating).
Joe Flood (musician)
Joe Flood is a musician and songwriter working in Connecticut and New York, although he started his career as a street musician in Europe. A veteran of the '80s NYC roots rock scene, Allmusic has described im as "a true inheritor of the rich rock-blues-country-folk blend of The Band." The Band has also recorded some of his songs, as have Laura Cantrell, the Flying Neutrinos, and the Bottle Rockets. He's also done sessions work for various artists, including Mojo Nixon, Harry Chapin, Kelly Willis, Artie Traum, and Blues Traveler. He's co-written with Jono Manson, Levon Helm, and Jim Weider, among others.

The Flying Neutrinos
The Flying Neutrinos are an American jazz band from New Orleans.

The band consists of Ingrid Lucia (vocals), Dan Levinson (saxophone), Matthew Munisteri (guitar), Todd Londagin (trombone), Jim Greene (double bass), and David Berger (drums). David Pearlman (a.k.a. Poppa Neutrino), father of Ingrid Lucia, and his wife Betsy, who started the band in the 1980s. Pearlman was in the press for his trip across the Atlantic Ocean in a raft.
Aeroflot Flight 8641
Aeroflot Flight 8641 was a Yakovlev Yak-42 airliner on a domestic scheduled passenger flight from Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) to Kiev (now Kyiv). On 28 June 1982, the flight crashed south of Mazyr, Byelorussian SSR, killing all 132 people on board. The accident was both the first and deadliest crash of a Yakovlev Yak-42, and remains the deadliest aviation accident in Belarus.

The cause was a failure of the jackscrew controlling the horizontal stabilizer due to a design flaw.

Yakovlev
The JSC A.S. Yakovlev Design Bureau (/ˈjækoʊˌlɛf/; Russian: ОАО Опытно-конструкторское бюро им. А.С. Яковлева) is a Russian aircraft designer and manufacturer (design office prefix Yak). Its head office is in Aeroport District, Northern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is a subsidiary of Yakovlev Corporation.
Tagaloatele Pasi Poloa
Papali’i Tagaloatele Pasi Poloa (born ~1949) is a Samoan politician and Member of the Legislative Assembly of Samoa. He is a member of the FAST Party.

Tagaloatele is from Saleimoa and Aleisa and works as a sports administrator. In 2017 he was elected president of the Samoa Amateur Boxing Association  in a contested AGM, leading to a court case which overturned the results. In 2018 he was elected president of the Samoa Boxing Federation.

He ran for election in the 2021 Samoan general election in the seat of Sagaga No. 4, but was unsuccessful. He subsequently challenged the winning candidate, Tuisa Tasi Patea, in an election petition, forcing him to step down. He was elected to the legislative Assembly of Samoa in the resulting by-election, with a lead of over 400 votes on the preliminary count.

On 17 January 2025 he was fired as an associate minister by prime minister Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa after supporting her expulsion from the FAST party.

Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi
Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi (FAST; English: Samoa United in Faith) is a political party in Samoa. It was founded and is led by MP Laʻauli Leuatea Schmidt. FAST was led by Prime Minister Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa from 2021 until she was removed as leader in January 2025.
Darwin Crater
Darwin Crater is a suspected meteorite impact crater in Western Tasmania about 26 km (16 mi) south of Queenstown, just within the Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park. The crater is expressed as a rimless circular flat-floored depression, 1.2 km (0.75 mi) in diameter, within mountainous and heavily forested terrain. It is east of the West Coast Range and the former North Mount Lyell Railway formation.

Queenstown, Tasmania
Queenstown is a historic mining town in the West Coast region of the island of Tasmania, Australia. It is in a valley on the western slopes of Mount Owen on the West Coast Range.

At the 2021 census, Queenstown had a population of 1,808 people.
Po Rome
Po Rome (?–1651), also spelled Po Romê, Po Romé or Po Ramo, with the Muslim name Nik Mustafa Bin Wan Abul Muzaffar Waliyullah (Jawi: نئ مصطفى بن وان ابول موزففر والييولله), regnal name Sultan Abdul Hamid Shah (Jawi: سلطان عبدالحميد شه), was the king of Panduranga Champa, reigning from 1627 to 1651.

Phú Yên province
Phú Yên was a former central coastal province in the South Central Coast region, in Central Vietnam. It borders Bình Định to the north, Khánh Hòa to the south, Gia Lai to the northwest, Đắk Lắk to the southwest and the South China Sea to the east.

On June 12, 2025, Phú Yên was merged into Đắk Lắk province.
Statue of Liberty (Peru)
The Statue of Liberty (Spanish: Estatua de La Libertad) is a bronze sculpture located in the Plaza Francia of the historic centre of Lima, Peru. It was made in 1926 according to the design of the French sculptor René Bertrand-Boutée and cast by Eugène Soleau. It is a one-piece bronze sculpture about 2 metres high and represents a standing female figure, dressed in a light tunic and with a laurel wreath on her head. This is installed on a 4.30 m high pedestal. The sculpture and the Plaza Francia were declared a monumental urban environment in 1972. In 2018, La Libertad was declared Cultural Heritage of the Nation.

Cultural heritage of Peru
The cultural heritage of Peru, officially the Cultural heritage of the Nation (Spanish: Patrimonio Cultural de la Nación), is the name given to the set of goods, both tangible and intangible, accumulated over time. These goods can be paleontological, archaeological, architectural, historical, artistic, military, social, anthropological or intellectual. In Peru, the competence for the protection of cultural heritage is in the hands of the Ministry of Culture.

In 1999, the National Institute of Culture published the Relación de Monumentos Históricos del Perú, the most comprehensive inventory to date of historic monuments declared in the country, listing properties built from the 16th to the 20th century. In August 2000, the Institute also published a list of temples, convents and cemeteries declared cultural heritage.