hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fortified Sector of Montmédy
The Fortified Sector of Montmédy (Secteur Fortifié de Montmédy) was the French military organisation that in 1940 controlled the section of the Maginot Line between Sedan and Longuyon, a distance of about 60 kilometres (37 mi).  The sector was not as strongly defended as other sections of the Maginot Line, facing the southern Ardennes region of Belgium. Large portions of the Montmédy sector were defended by fortified houses, blockhouses or casemates.  The sector includes only four ouvrages of the type found in stronger sections of the Line. The weakly defended area in front of Sedan was the scene of a major breakthrough by German forces in the opening of the Battle of France. This was followed by a German assault on the Maginot Ouvrage La Ferté, which killed the entire garrison, the only such event on the Maginot Line.

Verdun
Verdun (/vɜːrˈdʌn/ vur-DUN, UK also /ˈvɛərdʌn/ VAIR-dun; US also /vɛərˈdʌn/ vair-DUN; French: [vɛʁdœ̃] ⓘ; official name before 1970: Verdun-sur-Meuse) is a city in the Meuse department in Grand Est, northeastern France. It is an arrondissement of the department.

In 843, the Treaty of Verdun, which divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms—considered the foundation of Germany and France—was signed there. An episcopal principality of the Holy Roman Empire since the 10th century, Verdun was subjugated by France in 1552, during the "Voyage to Austrasia". Along with the other free cities of the Empire, Metz and Toul, it formed the province of the Three Bishoprics, which was attached to the Kingdom of France in 1648 by the Treaty of Münster.

Verdun is the biggest city in Meuse, although the capital of the department is Bar-le-Duc, which is slightly smaller than Verdun. It is well known for giving its name to the longest battle in modern history in the First World War.
1588 Descamisada
1588 Descamisada, provisional designation 1951 MH, is an Eos asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 18 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 27 June 1951, by astronomer Miguel Itzigsohn at the La Plata Astronomical Observatory in La Plata, Argentina, and named in honor of Eva Perón.

La Plata Astronomical Observatory
The La Plata Astronomical Observatory (Spanish: Observatorio Astronómico de La Plata) is an observatory located in the city of La Plata, capital of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Its IAU code is 839.
1830 Illinois gubernatorial election
The 1830 Illinois gubernatorial election was the fourth quadrennial election for this office. Both candidates were Democrats and supporters of Andrew Jackson. State Representative John Reynolds was elected comfortably by a coalition of moderate Jacksonians and anti-Jacksonians, defeating the more radical Lt. Governor William Kinney.

William Kinney (Illinois politician)
William Kinney (1781 – October 1, 1843) was an American pioneer, politician, and merchant who was the third Lieutenant Governor of Illinois. Born in Kentucky, Kinney came to the Illinois Territory at a young age with his family. In 1809, he founded a successful dry goods store on the road between the towns of Belleville and Lebanon. This made him a prominent citizen of St. Clair County, and Kinney was elected to the Illinois Senate when the body was formed in 1818.

In 1826, Kinney was elected Lieutenant Governor under Ninian Edwards. However, Kinney developed a pattern of financial mismanagement during this term that would haunt him for the rest his life. Twice an unsuccessful candidate for Governor of Illinois, Kinney was named president of the state's board of public works. Kinney nearly bankrupted the state by funding ambitious projects in the wake of the Panic of 1837. The board was liquidated and the state was in the process of suing Kinney when he died in 1843.
Amaleki (Book of Mormon explorer)
According to the Book of Mormon, Amaleki (/əˈmæləkaɪ/) was a Nephite explorer who lived in the Americas in the 2nd century BC.  He is mentioned briefly as one of the brothers of Ammon, and one of sixteen men that were part of Ammon's band.  Under the direction of king Mosiah, the band embarked upon a quest from the land of Zarahemla to find the group of Nephites that had left years before to settle in the land of Nephi (which was predominantly populated by Lamanites at the time).  Their exploration party wandered in the wilderness for 40 days before finally stumbling upon the people of Zeniff, who mistook them for Lamanite spies and threw them in prison.  Ammon's band was eventually released and helped the people of Zeniff escape the occupation of the Lamanites and return to Zarahemla.

Lamanites
In the Book of Mormon, the Lamanites (/ˈleɪmənaɪt/) are one of the four peoples (along with the Jaredites, the Mulekites, and the Nephites) described as having settled in the ancient Americas. The Lamanites also play a role in the prophecies and revelations of the Doctrine and Covenants, another sacred text in the Latter Day Saint movement.

In the Book of Mormon's narrative, the Lamanites begin as wicked rivals to the more righteous Nephites, but when the Nephite civilization became decadent, it lost divine favor and was destroyed by the Lamanites. Latter Day Saints have historically associated Lamanites with present-day Native American cultures.
Derek
Derek is a masculine given name. It is the English language short form of Diederik, the Low Franconian form of the name Theodoric. Theodoric is an old Germanic name with an original meaning of "people-ruler" or "lead the people".

Common variants of the name are Derrek,  Derik, Deryck (included here),  as well as Derrick and  Derick.

Derek Sealy
James Edward Derrick Sealy (11 September 1912 – 3 January 1982) was a Barbadian cricketer who played in 11 Tests for West Indies from 1930 to 1939.

He made his Test debut at 17 years 122 days, and remains the youngest West Indian Test player.

He played for Barbados from 1928–29 to 1942–43, and for Trinidad from 1943–44 to 1948–49. In 1942, playing for Barbados against Trinidad, he took 8 for 8, dismissing Trinidad for 16.
Weehawken Public Library
The Weehawken Public Library is the free public library of Weehawken, New Jersey. The library has a collection of about 43,000 volumes and circulates 40,604 items annually. It is a member of Bridging Communities, Connecting Library Services, a consortium of municipal libraries in the northeastern New Jersey counties of Bergen, Hudson, Passaic, and Essex.

The library sits at 49 Hauxhurst Avenue on a precipice overlooking the Lincoln Tunnel Helix. Originally built as a private home, it became a library in 1942, and  was extensively renovated and expanded in 1997-1998. The landmark is home to the town's historical commission. An annual fundraiser for the library at Lincoln Harbor, a culinary event called A Taste of Weehawken, has taken place since 2000.

Arcadia Publishing
Arcadia Publishing is an American publisher of neighborhood, local, and regional history of the United States in pictorial form. Arcadia Publishing also runs the History Press, which publishes text-driven books on American history and folklore.
The Twisted Ones
The Twisted Ones is a 2019 horror novel written by Ursula Vernon, under the penname of T. Kingfisher. It was published in the United States and United Kingdom in 2019 through Gallery/Saga Press.

Vernon drew inspiration for The Twisted Ones from Arthur Machen’s short horror story “The White People” and the novel is a contemporary take on the story.

Arthur Machen
Arthur Llewellyn Jones (3 March 1863 – 15 December 1947), known by his pen name Arthur Machen (/ˈmækən/ or /ˈmæxən/), was a Welsh author and mystic of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best known for his influential supernatural, fantasy and horror fiction. His novella The Great God Pan (1890; 1894) has garnered a reputation as a classic of horror; Stephen King described it as "Maybe the best [horror story] in the English language." He is also known for "The Bowmen", a short story that was widely read as fact, creating the legend of the Angels of Mons.
A403 road
The A403 is a main road linking Bristol with the Severn Estuary. It runs from junction 1 of the M48 at Aust to the docks at Avonmouth. After the Severn Bridge was opened in 1966, the A403 was constructed in 1969 and 1970 to provide a direct route between the M4 motorway and Avonmouth. It is an important route for the local industries, allowing easy access between Wales and this part of England. It was financed by Gloucestershire County Council with a £387,000 grant from the Ministry of Transport and was initially known as the Avonmouth Aust Coast Road.

Severn Estuary
The Severn Estuary (Welsh: Aber Hafren) is the estuary of the River Severn, flowing into the Bristol Channel between South West England (from North Somerset, Bristol and South Gloucestershire) and South Wales (from Cardiff, Newport to Monmouthshire). Its very high tidal range, approximately 50 feet (15 m), creates valuable intertidal habitats and has led to the area  being at the centre of discussions in the United Kingdom regarding renewable tidal energy.
Ich bin ein Musikante
"Ich bin ein Musikante" (lit. 'I am a musician' or 'minstrel') is a German cumulative folksong, first published in 1838. It has been loosely translated into many languages, including two English translations: "I Am a Fine Musician" (1949) popularised by The Dick Van Dyke Show, and "The Music Man" (1951), which has become a well known song in England.

Tony Martin (American singer)
Alvin Morris (December 25, 1913 – July 27, 2012), known professionally as Tony Martin, was an American actor and singer of popular music.

His career spanned over seven decades, and he scored dozens of hits between the late-1930s and mid-1950s with songs such as "Walk Hand in Hand", "I Love Paris", "Stranger in Paradise", and "I Get Ideas". He was married to actress and dancer Cyd Charisse from 1948 until she died in 2008.
Rivière aux Canards (Anticosti Island)
The rivière aux Canards (English: Ducks River) is a tributary of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, flowing in the municipality of L'Île-d'Anticosti, in the Minganie Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, in province of Quebec, in Canada.

A forest road runs along the southern coast of Anticosti Island and cuts the "rivière aux Canards" near its mouth. Another forest road (north–south direction) serves the west bank of the lower part of the course of the river.

Forestry is the main economic activity in this area; recreational tourism activities, second.

Côte-Nord
Côte-Nord (Region 09) (French: [kot nɔʁ], Quebec French: [kou̯t nɑɔ̯ʁ]; lit. 'North Coast') is an administrative region of Quebec, on the Quebec-Labrador Peninsula, Canada.

The region runs along the St. Lawrence River and then the Gulf of St. Lawrence, from Tadoussac to the limits of Labrador, leaning against the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean to the west, the Côte-Nord penetrates deep into Northern Quebec.

With the motto: Between nature and grandeur, the Côte-Nord is made up of 99% public land, it is the second largest region after Nord-du-Québec, which occupies 51% of Quebec's territory.
Harry Owen (rugby league, Widnes)
Harry Owen (first ¼ 1907 – first ¼ 1966), also known by the nickname of "Ginger", was a professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s. He played at club level for Widnes, as a wing.

Prescot
Prescot is a town and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, Merseyside, England. It lies about 8 miles (13 km) to the east of Liverpool city centre. At the 2001 Census, the civil parish population was 11,184 (5,265 males, 5,919 females). The population of the larger Prescot East and West wards at the 2011 census totalled 14,139. Prescot marks the beginning of the A58 road which runs through to Wetherby, near Leeds in West Yorkshire. The town is served by Prescot railway station and Eccleston Park railway station in neighbouring Eccleston.
Jagannatha Dasa (Kannada poet)
Jagannatha Dasa (Kannada: ಜಗನ್ನಾಥ ದಾಸ) (1728–1809), a native of Manvi town in the Raichur district, Karnataka state, India, comes in the preceptorial line of Madhvacharya and is considered one of the notable Haridasa mystics of Dvaita Vedanta of Madhva ("devotee of the Hindu god Vishnu") saint-poets of the Kannada language. He was a pupil of the Varadendra Tirtha (a pontiff of Raghavendra Math (Mantralayam)).

Apart from authoring numerous well-known devotional songs that propagate the Vaishnava bhakti ("faith") of Dvaita Vedanta of Madhvacharya, Jagannatha Dasa wrote the Harikathamritasara in the native shatpadi (six-line verse) metre and Tattva suvali in the native tripadi (three-line verse) metre.

Metre (poetry)
In poetry, metre (Commonwealth spelling) or meter (American spelling; see spelling differences) is the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse.  Many traditional verse forms prescribe a specific verse metre, or a certain set of metres alternating in a particular order. The study and the actual use of metres and forms of versification are both known as prosody. (Within linguistics, "prosody" is used in a more general sense that includes not only poetic metre but also the rhythmic aspects of prose, whether formal or informal, that vary from language to language, and sometimes between poetic traditions.)
Ministry of Labour and Sports
The Norwegian Ministry of Labour and Sports (Norwegian: Arbeidstjeneste- og idrettsdepartementet) was a government ministry during the German occupation of Norway.

The ministry was set up on 25 September 1940 by Reichskommissar Josef Terboven as a consequence of the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during World War II. The ministry was headed by Axel Heiberg Stang throughout the occupation. It was closed the same day as the occupation ended, on 8 May 1945.

Reichskommissar
Reichskommissar (German: [ˈʁaɪçskɔmɪsaːɐ̯], rendered as "Commissioner of the Empire", "Reich Commissioner" or "Imperial Commissioner"), in German history, was an official gubernatorial title used for various public offices during the period of the German Empire and Nazi Germany.
Glencoe, North Carolina
Glencoe is an unincorporated community in Alamance County, North Carolina, United States on North Carolina Highway 62, north-northeast of downtown Burlington.

It is located on the Haw River. Glencoe is located north of Morgantown, and west-northwest of Carolina, a neighboring unincorporated settlement also on the Haw River. Glencoe is also home to Textile Mill Town, and Textile Heritage Museum.

The Glencoe Mill Village Historic District and Glencoe School are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

North Carolina Highway 62
North Carolina Highway 62 (NC 62) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina.  Primarily in the Piedmont Triad, it runs from NC 109 in Thomasville northeast to the Virginia state line in Milton.
Bedwell Sound
Bedwell Sound is a sound on the West Coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada.  It is located in the Clayoquot Sound region to the north of Meares Island and the resort community of Tofino.  The Bedwell River, originally the Bear River and called Oinimitis in the Nuu-chah-nulth language, empties into and gets its current name from the Sound.

Sound (geography)
In geography, a sound is a smaller body of water usually connected to a sea or an ocean. A sound may be an inlet that is deeper than a bight and wider than a fjord; or  a narrow sea channel or an ocean channel between two land masses, such as a strait; or also a lagoon between a barrier island and the mainland.
Napier Operatic Society
Napier Operatic Society (often abbreviated as NOS) is an amateur theatre society based in Napier, New Zealand, established in 1887 based at The Tabard Theatre.

The Napier Operatic Society produces multiple productions a year, and has done a major stage-show every year since 1887, with the exception of several years throughout the 20th century during overseas conflict and the aftermath of natural disaster.

Compulsory military training in New Zealand
Compulsory military training (CMT), a form of conscription, was practised for males in New Zealand between 1909 and 1972. Military training in New Zealand has been voluntary before then and ever since.
Let Me Love You (DJ Rebel and Mohombi song)
"Let Me Love You" is a song by Belgian Electro house artist DJ Rebel and Congolese-Swedish singer Mohombi featuring Shaggy. The song comes from his upcoming album. It contains samples of music from the tradition Algerian song "Abdel Kader" sung by Algerian artists Cheb Khaled, Rachid Taha and Faudel. The song was released on 1 August 2016.

Rachid Taha
Rachid Taha (Arabic: رشيد طه, Rashīd Ṭāhā, [raʃiːd tˤaːhaː]; 18 September 1958 – 12 September 2018) was an Algerian singer and activist based in France described as "sonically adventurous". His music was influenced by many different styles including rock, electronic, punk and raï.
Darryl Reynolds
Darryl Nasir Reynolds (born October 13, 1993) is an American basketball coach and former player. He played one season for Start Lublin in the Polish Basketball League. He played college basketball for the Villanova Wildcats.

Start Lublin
Start Lublin, officially PGE Start Lublin for sponsporship reasons, is a Polish basketball club based in Lublin. The team plays in the Polish Basketball League (PLK) since 2014. Its home arena is the Globus, which has places for 5,000 people. The basketball team is a part of MKS Start Lublin, which also holds chess and athletics sections.
Dobson Cellular
Dobson Cellular Systems, Inc. now part of AT&T Mobility, was a wireless telecommunications provider operating in several regions of the United States, including Alaska, Arizona, California, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia and Wisconsin. Dobson Cellular Systems was a wholly owned subsidiary of Dobson Communications Corporation based in Oklahoma City. It was the provider of Cellular One-branded services in the United States. Dobson operated under the brand name of Cellular One, and provided service on a D-AMPS and GSM network.  The company purchased the rights to the Cellular One name from Alltel in December 2005.

Alltel
Alltel was a landline, wireless and general telecommunications services provider, primarily based in the United States. Before its wireless division was acquired by Verizon Wireless and AT&T, Alltel provided cellular service to 34 states and had approximately 13 million subscribers. As a regulatory condition of the acquisition by Verizon, a small portion of Alltel was spun off and continued to operate under the same name in six states, mostly in rural areas. Following the merger, Alltel remained the ninth largest wireless telecommunications company in the United States, with approximately 800,000 customers. On January 22, 2013, AT&T announced they were acquiring what remained of Alltel from Atlantic Tele-Network for $780 million in cash.
ʻAva ceremony
The ʻava ceremony is one of the most important customs of the Samoa Islands and Tonga to an extent. It is a solemn ritual in which a ceremonial beverage is shared to mark important occasions in Samoan society. The Samoan word ʻava (pronounced with the glottal stop) is a cognate of the Polynesian word kava associated with the kava cultures in Oceania. Both terms are understood in Samoa.

The ʻava ceremony within Samoan culture retains the same ritual pattern with slight variations depending on the parties involved and the occasion. It always includes speeches and oratory and the formal drinking of ʻava, including women if they are part of the ceremony, with special attention paid to precedence in drinking order. One of the most important occasions for the ʻAva ceremony is during the bestowal of matai chiefly titles.

Cognate
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and it often takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate.  It can also happen that words which appear similar, or identical, in different languages, are not cognate.

Cognates are distinguished from loanwords, where a word has been borrowed from another language.
Gamelan gong kebyar
Gamelan gong kebyar is a style or genre of Balinese gamelan music of Indonesia.  Kebyar means "to flare up or burst open", and refers to the explosive changes in tempo and dynamics characteristic of the style.

Gong kebyar music is based on a five-tone scale called pelog selisir (tones 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 of the 7-tone pelog scale), and is characterized by brilliant sounds, syncopations, sudden and gradual changes in sound colour, dynamics, tempo and articulation, and complex, complementary interlocking melodic and rhythmic patterns called kotekan.

Music genre
A music genre is a conventional category that identifies some pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions. Genre is to be distinguished from musical form and musical style, although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.

Music can be divided into genres in numerous ways, sometimes broadly and with polarity, e.g., popular music as opposed to art music or folk music, or, as another example, religious music and secular music. Often, however, classification draws on the proliferation of derivative subgenres, fusion genres, and microgenres that has started to accrue, e.g., screamo, country pop, and mumble rap, respectively. The artistic nature of music means that these classifications are often subjective and controversial, and some may overlap. As genres evolve, novel music is sometimes lumped into existing categories.
Vesyoly, Soldatsky selsovet, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast
Vesyoly (Russian: Весёлый) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Soldatsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  5 (2010 Census); 17 (2002 Census); 35 (1989 Soviet census).

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Louis Edmond Duranty
Louis Edmond Duranty (6 June 1833 – 9 April 1880) was a prolific French novelist and art critic.

Duranty supported the realist cause and later the Impressionists. He was challenged to a duel in 1870 by Édouard Manet over an affront. He was a friend of Edgar Degas, who painted a celebrated portrait of him in 1879 (Burrell Collection, Glasgow). He was a frequent visitor to the Café Guerbois.

Duranty adopted 'truth' as the slogan of his short-lived journal Réalisme (1856–57), and in the second volume he composed principles of realism. Duranty is the author of The New Painting.

Burrell Collection
The Burrell Collection is a museum in Glasgow, Scotland, managed by Glasgow Museums. It houses the art collection of Sir William Burrell and Constance, Lady Burrell. The museum opened in 1983 and reopened on 29 March 2022 following a major refurbishment. It was announced as the winner of the Art Fund Museum of the Year in July 2023. It is the only non-national museum to be the outright winner twice.