hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
County of Bendigo
The County of Bendigo is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It includes the city of Bendigo. It is bounded by the Campaspe River in the east, and the Loddon River in the west. The county was proclaimed in 1869.

Campaspe River
The Campaspe River, an inland intermittent river of the north–central catchment, part of the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the lower Riverina bioregion and Central Highlands and Wimmera regions of the Australian state of Victoria. The headwaters of the Campaspe River rise on the northern slopes of the Great Dividing Range and descend to flow north into the Murray River, Australia's longest river, near Echuca.
Kris Stewart
Kris Stewart (born February 9, 1967, in Portsmouth) is the founding chairman of English football club AFC Wimbledon and a left wing political activist. He was the club's chief executive and is also a CIMA past finalist management accountant. Under his leadership, AFC Wimbledon achieved numerous milestones including their first ever match, a friendly against Sutton United, as well as their first competitive game in the Combined Counties League away at Sandhurst, and a sell-out game against Chipstead at Kingsmeadow. He is a former member of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) and stood as the Left List's candidate for Merton and Wandsworth in the 2008 London Assembly election.

In 2013, he resigned from the SWP due to the party's rape scandal and co-founded the International Socialist Network with around 100 other former members.

Sandhurst, Berkshire
Sandhurst is a town and civil parish in the Bracknell Forest borough in Berkshire, England. It is in the south eastern corner of Berkshire, and is situated 32 miles (51 km) west-southwest of London, 3 miles (4.8 km) north west of Camberley and 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Bracknell. Sandhurst is known worldwide as the location of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (often referred to simply as "Sandhurst", "The Academy" or "The RMA"). Despite its close proximity to Camberley, Sandhurst is also home to a large and well-known out-of-town mercantile development. The site is named "The Meadows" and has a Tesco Extra superstore and a Marks & Spencer, two of the largest in the country. A large Next clothing and homeware store is open on the site of the old Homebase.
Carolinites
Carolinites is a genus of trilobite, assigned to the Telephinidae family, that occurs during the Lower and Middle Ordovician. Carolinites had a pantropical distribution, and there is evidence that it lived in upper parts of the water column.  The free cheeks of Carolinites are largely covered by its huge eyes, except for the attachment of large genal spines that extend downward, backward and lateral and gradually curving further backward. The glabella is slightly bulbous, the occipital ring is well defined, but further transglabellar furrows are lacking. The thorax has 10 segments. The axis of the pygidium is highly vaulted, with a curved spine emerging almost perpendicular to the midline and ending parallel to it and a node on each of the other three segments. Carolinites is known from what are today Australia (Tasmania), Canada (Alberta), China, France, Spitsbergen, and the United States (Utah).

Photic zone
The photic zone (or euphotic zone, epipelagic zone, or sunlight zone) is the uppermost layer of a body of water that receives sunlight, allowing phytoplankton to perform photosynthesis. It undergoes a series of physical, chemical, and biological processes that supply nutrients into the upper water column. The photic zone is home to the majority of aquatic life due to the activity (primary production) of the phytoplankton. The thicknesses of the photic and euphotic zones vary with the intensity of sunlight as a function of season and latitude and with the degree of water turbidity. The bottommost, or aphotic, zone is the region of perpetual darkness that lies beneath the photic zone and includes most of the ocean waters.
2023 FIM Supercross World Championship
The 2023 FIM Supercross World Championship is a supercross series sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) as the world championship of the sport. This is the second season that the championship is being organized by Australian promoter SX Global. Ken Roczen is the reigning champion in the WSX class for 450cc motorcycles, whilst Shane McElrath is the reigning champion in the SX2 class.

Ultimately, many of the initially scheduled rounds were later cancelled, producing a three round series. Roczen was able to successfully defend his title in the WSX championship, whilst it was Max Anstie who triumphed in SX2 where he became the first British champion of an FIM-sanctioned supercross world championship.

AMA Supercross Championship
The AMA Supercross Championship (commercially known as Monster Energy AMA Supercross) is an American motorcycle racing series. Founded by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) in 1974, the AMA Supercross Championship races are held from January through early May. Supercross is a variant of motocross which involves off-road motorcycles on a constructed dirt track consisting of steep jumps and obstacles; the tracks are usually constructed inside a sports stadium. The easy accessibility and comfort of these stadium venues helped supercross surpass off-road motocross as a spectator attraction in the United States by the late 1970s.

From 2002 until 2021, the series was the World Championship of the sport. After not renewing its contract with the FIM, the series, along with the AMA Motocross Championship, formed the SuperMotocross World Championship from 2023.
Radical symbol
In mathematics, the radical symbol, radical sign, root symbol, or surd is a symbol for the square root or higher-order root of a number. The square root of a number  is written as

while the th root of  is written as

It is also used for other meanings in more advanced mathematics, such as the radical of an ideal.

In linguistics, the symbol is used to denote a root word.

Mathematical notation
Mathematical notation consists of using symbols for representing operations, unspecified numbers, relations, and any other mathematical objects and assembling them into expressions and formulas. Mathematical notation is widely used in mathematics, science, and engineering for representing complex concepts and properties in a concise, unambiguous, and accurate way.

For example, the physicist Albert Einstein's formula  is the quantitative representation in mathematical notation of mass–energy equivalence.

Mathematical notation was first introduced by François Viète at the end of the 16th century and largely expanded during the 17th and 18th centuries by René Descartes, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and overall Leonhard Euler.
Katie Chonacas
Katie Chonacas is an American actress.

Chonacas was born in Detroit, Michigan. After moving to Los Angeles in 2002 she landed roles on television series including CSI: NY, It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, Cold Case and CSI: Crime Scene Investigation.  She had supporting roles in Major Movie Star as Amber, Thick as Thieves as June, and Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans as Tina.

Cold Case
Cold Case is an American police procedural crime drama television series. It ran on CBS from September 28, 2003, to May 2, 2010. The series revolved around a fictionalized Philadelphia Police Department division that specializes in investigating cold cases, usually homicides. On May 18, 2010, the series was cancelled after seven seasons.
Iranian Chess Championship
The Iranian Chess Championship is the yearly national chess championship of Iran. Below is the gallery of champions, notice the gap between 1980 and 1990 (1359 and 1369 according to the Iranian calendar), when chess was forbidden in Iran. There is also a gap between 1978 and 1980 (1356 and 1358) because of the Iran Revolution.

Iranian calendars
The Iranian calendars or Iranian chronologies (Persian: گاه‌شماری ایرانی, Gâh Šomâriye Irâni) are a succession of calendars created and used for over two millennia in Iran, also known as Persia. One of the longest chronological records in human history, the Iranian calendar has been modified many times for administrative purposes. The most influential person in laying the frameworks for the calendar and its precision was the 11th century Persian polymath, Omar Khayyam. The modern Iranian calendar is the Solar Hijri calendar, currently the official civil calendar in Iran.

Nowruz, the Iranian New Year, begins at the midnight nearest to the instant of the northern spring equinox, as determined by astronomic calculations for the meridian of Tehran (52.5°E). Thus the calendar is observation-based, unlike the Gregorian calendar, which is rule-based. This equinox occurs on or about 20 March of the Gregorian calendar. The time zone of Iran is Iran Standard Time, UTC+03:30.
Oskemen
Öskemen (Kazakh: Өскемен [ʉ̯ɵskʲeˈmʲen] listenⓘ) or Ust-Kamenogorsk (Russian: Усть-Каменогорск, IPA: [ˌʊsʲtʲ kəmʲɪnɐˈgorsk]) is the largest city in eastern Kazakhstan and the administrative center of the East Kazakhstan Region.

Tantalum
Tantalum is a chemical element; it has symbol Ta and atomic number 73. It is named after Tantalus, a figure in Greek mythology. Tantalum is a very hard, ductile, lustrous, blue-gray transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. It is part of the refractory metals group, which are widely used as components of strong high-melting-point alloys. It is a group 5 element, along with vanadium and niobium, and it always occurs in geologic sources together with the chemically similar niobium, mainly in the mineral groups tantalite, columbite, and coltan.

The chemical inertness and very high melting point of tantalum make it valuable for laboratory and industrial equipment such as reaction vessels and vacuum furnaces. It is used in tantalum capacitors for electronic equipment such as computers. It is being investigated for use as a material for high-quality superconducting resonators in quantum processors.
Shenton railway station
Shenton railway station is located about 1 mile from the village of Shenton, Leicestershire, England. It currently serves as a glassblowing studio Station Glass, cafe and ticket office. It is the southern terminus of the Battlefield Line Railway.

It is the current southern terminus of the Battlefield Line Railway, which runs to here from Shackerstone. The station is located at the foot of Ambion Hill and is actually the reconstructed Humberstone Road railway station from Leicester. The original station closed in 1965 and was dismantled and relocated (except for a small lamp room that now serves as the Station Pottery).

The station is a former stop on the London and North Western Railway and the Midland Railway, who jointly operated the line between Moira West Junction and Nuneaton. The station was designed by the Midland Railway company architect John Holloway Sanders.

John Holloway Sanders
John Holloway Sanders FRIBA (1825 – 16 October 1884) was an architect based in England and chief architect of the Midland Railway until 1884.

His date of appointment as Chief Architect to the Midland Railway is not known, but he is recorded as working for them in 1845. He is particularly noted for his station buildings on the Settle to Carlisle railway which were all built in a similar style, they became known colloquially as Midland Gothic or Derby Gothic.

He was appointed Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects on 22 April 1872.

On his death in 1884, the position of Chief Architect of the Midland Railway went to Charles Trubshaw.
Tremella diaporthicola
Tremella diaporthicola is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces hyaline to pale grey, pustular, gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) and is parasitic on Diaporthe and similar species on dead branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from the US and has also been recorded from Ukraine.

Clamp connection
A clamp connection is a hook-like structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi. It is a characteristic feature of basidiomycete fungi. It is created to ensure that each cell, or segment of hypha separated by septa (cross walls), receives a set of differing nuclei, which are obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. It is used to maintain genetic variation within the hypha much like the mechanisms found in croziers (hooks) during the sexual reproduction of ascomycetes.
Tuxford and Trent (Bassetlaw electoral ward)
Tuxford and Trent is an electoral ward in the district of Bassetlaw. The ward elects two councillors to Bassetlaw District Council using the first past the post electoral system, with each councillor serving a four-year term in office. The number of registered voters in the ward is 3,489 as of 2019.

It consists of the market town of Tuxford and the villages of Darlton, Dunham-on-Trent, East Drayton, Fledborough, Laneham, Marnham, Normanton on Trent and Ragnall.

The ward was created in 2002 following a review of electoral boundaries in Bassetlaw by the Boundary Committee for England.

Fledborough
Fledborough is a hamlet in Nottinghamshire, England. Although now redundant, the Anglican parish church of St Gregory's, earned the hamlet the nickname of "the Gretna Green of the Midlands" in the 18th century, due to the ease in which couples could obtain a marriage licence from the Reverend W. Sweetapple.

The Bassett family effectively owned Fledborough from the fourteenth century to the seventeenth.

In the UK census of 2021, the population was reported at 38 residents.
Colotti Trasmissioni
Colotti Trasmissioni (Colotti Transmission) is an Italian mechanical engineering firm located in Modena, Italy.  It specializes in gears, limited-slip differentials and transmission systems for racing cars.

Transmission (mechanical device)
A transmission (also called a gearbox) is a mechanical device invented by Louis Renault (who founded Renault) which uses a gear set—two or more gears working together—to change the speed, direction of rotation, or torque multiplication or reduction, in a machine.

A transmission can have a single, or fixed, gear ratio or it can have variable ratios; a variable-ratio transmission can have multiple discrete gear ratios or be continuously variable. Variable-ratio transmissions are used in many kinds of machinery, especially vehicles.
Robert Reid (railway executive, born 1921)
Sir Robert Basil Reid CBE (7 February 1921 – 17 December 1993) was chairman of the British Railways Board from 1983 until 1990.

The son of Sir Robert Niel Reid, Governor of Assam from 1937 to 1942, he was educated at Malvern and Brasenose. During World War II he was an Officer in the Royal Tank Regiment.  When peace returned he joined the LNER as a Traffic Apprentice. When the "Big Four" merged he rose steadily within British Railways. By 1961 he was a District Passenger manager and by 1967 Planning Manager of the Scottish Region. He was General Manager of the Southern Region from 1974 to 1976; and the Executive Member for Marketing from 1977 to 1980. He became Chief Executive in 1980, and held that post until his appointment as Chairman. He was a Freeman of the City of London and Master of the Information Technologists' Company from 1988 to 1989.

Big Four (British railway companies)
The "Big Four" was a name used to describe the four largest railway companies in the United Kingdom in the period 1923–1947. The name was coined by The Railway Magazine in its issue of February 1923: "The Big Four of the New Railway Era".

The Big Four were:

Great Western Railway (GWR)

London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS)

London and North Eastern Railway (LNER)

Southern Railway (SR)

The companies were formed as a result of the Railways Act 1921, in a process known as "The Grouping" (of the railways), which came into effect on 1 January 1923.

On 1 January 1948, the companies were nationalised to form British Railways as a result of the Transport Act 1947.
1992 Minnesota House of Representatives election
The 1992 Minnesota House of Representatives election was held in the U.S. state of Minnesota on November 3, 1992, to elect members to the House of Representatives of the 78th Minnesota Legislature. A primary election was held on September 15, 1992.

The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) won a majority of seats, remaining the majority party, followed by the Independent-Republicans of Minnesota. The new Legislature convened on January 5, 1993.

78th Minnesota Legislature
The seventy-eighth Minnesota Legislature first convened on January 5, 1993. The 67 members of the Minnesota Senate and the 134 members of the Minnesota House of Representatives were elected during the General Election of November 3, 1992.
Marmara Prison
Marmara Prison (Turkish: Marmara Cezaevi) or officially Marmara Penitentiaries Campus (Turkish: Marmara Ceza İnfaz Kurumları Kampüsü) formerly Silivri Prison is a high-security state correctional institution complex in the Silivri district of Istanbul Province in Turkey. Established in 2008, it is the country's most modern and Europe's largest penal facility.

As of June 5, 2008, a total of 96,760 defendants and convicts were detained in Turkey. 11,148 of them were held in ten correctional facilities of closed and open type within Istanbul Province. Following the opening of Silivri Prison, which has a capacity of nearly 11,000 inmates, the number of inmates in all Istanbul's prisons reached 15,910.

The prison complex is located 9 km (5.6 mi) west of Silivri on the highway E84, which connects the highway D.100 to the European Motorway O-3 (E80).

In 2022, the prison's name was changed to Marmara Prison.

Supermax prison
A super-maximum security (supermax) or administrative maximum (ADX) prison is a "control-unit" prison, or a unit within prisons, which represents the most secure level of custody in the prison systems of certain countries.

The objective is to provide long-term, segregated housing for inmates classified as the highest security risks in the prison system and those who pose an extremely serious threat to both national and global security.
Charrua (nautical)
Charrua is a Portuguese nautical expression of the Age of Sail, initially used to designate the use of a frigate or a ship owned by the State as a transport vessel, reducing armament and complement, like the French nautical expression en flûte.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
James O'Meara (journalist)
James O'Meara (Jun 1825-Jan 1903) was a journalist who served as editor of several of the U.S. state of Oregon's leading newspapers in the late 1800s, many of which were secessionist Democratic papers.

The papers he edited include the Democratic Standard, the Southern Oregon Gazette, the Oregon State Democrat, the Eugene Register, the States Rights Democrat, Portland Bulletin (~1868-1872), and the Portland News (1886)

In 1858 and 1866 he ran for state printer as a Democrat, losing in 1886 to Republican W. McPherson.

He retired from editing newspapers in 1889, and began publishing historical articles, including "An Early Steamboating Era on the Willamette," published in the Oregonian Jan. 15, 1891 and republished decades later in the Oregon Historical Quarterly.

1800s (decade)
The 1800s (pronounced "eighteen-hundreds") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on 1 January 1800, and ended on 31 December 1809.

The term "eighteen-hundreds" could also mean the entire century from 1 January 1800 to 31 December 1899 (the years beginning with "18"), and is almost synonymous with the 19th century (1801–1900).

The decade was a period of drastic change. The advancements of the previous three decades towards the end of the 18th century had propelled the Industrial Revolution into a global movement, with entire wars fought with the newly developed technologies – creating an impetus to imperialist campaigns across Africa and Asia, as well as the counter-movement on Latin America later on.
Steitalhorn
The Steitalhorn (3,164 m) is a mountain of the Pennine Alps, located west of Embd in the canton of Valais. It lies south of the Augstbord Pass, on the range between the Turtmanntal and the Mattertal, although its summit is within the Mattertal. The Steitalhorn is the culminating point of the group named Steitalgrat.

Mattertal
The Matter Valley (German: Mattertal, or sometimes Nikolaital) is located in southwestern Switzerland, south of the Rhône valley in the canton of Valais. The village of Zermatt is the most important settlement of the valley, which is surrounded by many four-thousanders, including the Matterhorn.
Bob Danielson
Robert E. Danielson (born c. 1918) is an American former football coach.  He served the head football coach at Huron College—later known as Huron University—in Huron, South Dakota from 1947 to 1949, and North Dakota State University from 1957 to 1962, compiling a career college football coaching record of 27–48–4.  A native of Minneapolis, Minnesota, Danielson played college football at Gustavus Adolphus College and the University of Minnesota.

Huron, South Dakota
Huron is a city in and the county seat of Beadle County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 14,263 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 14,515 in 2024, making it the eighth-most populous city in South Dakota.
Javier Imbroda
Francisco Javier Imbroda Ortiz (8 January 1961 in Melilla – 2 April 2022) was an Andalusian basketball coach and politician. He was the sixth coach with the most games directed in the Liga ACB. He served as a member of the Andalusian Parliament since 2018, and served as the Minister of Education and Sports from 2019 until his death from prostate cancer.

Imbroda died from prostate cancer in Málaga, on 2 April 2022, at the age of 61.

Regional Government of Andalusia
The Regional Government of Andalusia (Spanish: Junta de Andalucía) is the government of the Autonomous Community of Andalusia. It consists of the Parliament, the President of the Regional Government and the Government Council. The 2011 budget was 31.7 billion euros. It employs about 500,000 workers.