hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nanjing Trams
Nanjing Trams is the tram system of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. There are two lines which are not connected to each other.

The Nanjing trams is a wireless system, powered by lightweight Li-ion batteries. Batteries are charged via a pantograph at stations and terminals, and dynamically during acceleration. Charging time is 46 seconds at stations, and 10 minutes at terminals. 90% of the line is catenary-free.

Overhead line
An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, electric multiple units, trolleybuses or trams. The generic term used by the International Union of Railways for the technology is overhead line. It is known variously as overhead catenary, overhead contact line (OCL), overhead contact system (OCS), overhead equipment (OHE), overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE), overhead lines (OHL), overhead wiring (OHW), traction wire, and trolley wire.

An overhead line consists of one or more wires (or rails, particularly in tunnels) situated over rail tracks, raised to a high electrical potential by connection to feeder stations at regularly spaced intervals along the track. The feeder stations are usually fed from a high-voltage electrical grid.
Natalia Humeniuk (soldier)
Natalia Kostiantynivna Humeniuk (Ukrainian: Наталя Костянтинівна Гуменюк) is a Ukrainian servicewoman, captain 1st rank of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, a participant in the Russian-Ukrainian war.

Captain 1st rank
Captain 1st rank (Russian: капитан 1-го ранга, romanized: kapitan 1-go ranga, lit. 'captain of the 1st rank') is a rank used by the Russian Navy and a number of former communist states. The rank is the most senior rank in the staff officers' career group. The rank is equivalent to colonel in armies and air forces. Within NATO forces, the rank is rated as OF-5 and is equivalent to captain in English-speaking navies.
Bohumil Gregor
Bohumil Gregor (Prague, 14 July 1926 – 4 November 2005) was a Czech conductor.

Gregor studied double bass at the Prague Conservatory. He made his conducting debut on October 26, 1947, at the Divadlo 5. května (Theatre of the Fifth of May, now the Prague State Opera). He conducted at the State Theatre in Brno (1949–1951), the National Theatre in Prague (1955–1958 and 1962–1966), the State Theatre in Ostrava (1958–1962), the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm (1966–1969), the State Opera in Hamburg (1969–1972), De Nederlandse Opera in Amsterdam (from 1972), and also in San Francisco, Philadelphia and Washington. In 1999, he returned to the Prague State Opera where he worked as musical director until 2002.

Gregor died in the city of his birth, where he had conducted his last performances of The Cunning Little Vixen.

National Theatre (Prague)
The National Theatre (Czech: Národní divadlo) is a historic opera house in Prague, Czech Republic. It is known as the alma mater of Czech opera, and as the national monument of Czech history and art.

The National Theatre belongs to the most important Czech cultural institutions, with a rich artistic tradition, which helped to preserve and develop the most important features of the nation–the Czech language and a sense for a Czech musical and dramatic way of thinking.

Today the National Theatre consists of three artistic ensembles: opera, ballet and drama. They alternate in their performances in the historic building of the National Theatre, in the State Opera, in the Estates Theatre and in the Kolowrat Theatre. All three artistic ensembles select their repertoire both from classical heritage, and modern authors.
Tollefson
Tollefson is the Americanized spelling of the Norwegian "Tollefsen".

Tollefson is a surname shared by the following people:

Carrie Tollefson, an American middle-distance runner

Chuck Tollefson, a former American football player for the Green Bay Packers

Dave Tollefson, an American football player for the New York Giants

Thor C. Tollefson, a US Representative from Washington

Sean Tollefson, a singer/songwriter for the indie band Tullycraft

Chuck Tollefson
Charles William Tollefson (February 28, 1917 – August 20, 1989) was an American football player who played collegiately for the Iowa Hawkeyes from 1938 to 1940 and professionally for the Green Bay Packers from 1944 to 1946. While he was on the team, the Green Bay Packers won the National Football League championship in 1944. During World War II, Tollefson served in the United States Marine Corps. A dispute about his pay after he was fired by the Packers resulted in a court decision important to professional athletic contracts in the United States.
Anika Bozicevic
Anika Bozicevic  (born 8 November 1972) is a Swedish footballer who played as a forward for the Sweden women's national football team. She was part of the team at the 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup. On club level she played for Malmö in Sweden. She is of Croatian heritage.

FC Rosengård
FC Rosengård (Swedish: [ruːsɛnɡoːrd]), known as Malmö FF Dam ([ˈmâlːmøː ɛfɛf dɑːm]) until 2007 and later LdB FC Malmö until 2013, is a professional football club based in Malmö, Scania, Sweden. The team was established as Malmö FF Dam in 1970. It started out with playing 7 seasons in the Division 1 (until 1987), but has played in Damallsvenskan in since it formed in 1988. The team has won the league a record 14 times, the latest in 2024. As of the end of the 2015 season, the club ranks first in the overall Damallsvenskan table. FC Rosengård play their home games at Malmö IP in Malmö. The club it merged with, FC Rosengård 1917, has both men's and women's teams.
Brien McMahon High School
Brien McMahon High School (BMHS) is a secondary school located in Norwalk, Connecticut, United States. It is named after Brien McMahon, a former United States Senator from Norwalk. The school's mascot is a Senator and its colors are red, white, and blue.  The school's first senior class graduated in 1962.

The Center for Global Studies is a magnet school within Brien McMahon High School.  This is a magnet program for students in Fairfield County who want to learn Arabic, Chinese, or Japanese languages, and the respective culture and history. A Middle Eastern Studies program was introduced in the fall of 2006.

The diversity break down of the school is 60% Hispanic, 22% White, 13% Black, 3% Asian, and 2% other.

Middle Eastern Studies (journal)
Middle Eastern Studies is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal of Middle-Eastern studies. It was established in 1964 by Elie Kedourie, who served as editor-in-chief from 1964 to 1992, and is published by Taylor & Francis. From 1992 to 2016, the journal was edited by Sylvia Kedourie. It is now co-edited by Saul Kelly and Helen Kedourie.
1902 Orkney and Shetland by-election
The 1902 Orkney and Shetland by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 18–19 November 1902. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

UK parliamentary by-elections
In the United Kingdom, a parliamentary by-election occurs following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons. They are often seen as a test of the rival political parties' fortunes between general elections.
Bit Brigade
Bit Brigade is a rock band that performs covers of video game soundtracks. They are known for their unusual format during live performances, which involves band member Noah McCarthy performing a NES video game speedrun on stage. The rest of the band performs the soundtrack of that game live as an accompaniment, matching McCarthy's gameplay. Bandcamp described the group as "The biggest speedrunners in rock", while The Pitch described them as "One of the biggest names in video game soundtrack cover bands".

The Pitch (newspaper)
The Pitch is a free alternative newspaper distributed in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, including Lawrence and Topeka, Kansas.  While known for its investigative stories of the local government, it also covers local sports stories, restaurants, events, visual art, and concerts.
It was started in July 1980 as the Penny Pitch, which was a monthly handout at Penny Lane Record Shop in the Westport area of Kansas City. The original editors were Dwight Frizzell and Jay Mandeville.

Village Voice Media bought The Pitch in 1999, and sold the paper in 2011 to SouthComm Communications. In 2017 The Pitch was sold to Stephanie Carey and Adam Carey.

The Pitch is a member of the Association of Alternative Newsweeklies.

Unusually for a weekly, The Pitch has commissioned overseas reporting, sending a freelancer to Poznań in 2024 to write about rail transit on the eve of the KC Streetcar expansion toward the University of Missouri Kansas City.
Pavolini
Pavolini is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessandro Pavolini (1903–1945), Italian politician, journalist and essayist

Corrado Pavolini (1898–1980), Italian writer

Paolo Emilio Pavolini (1864–1942), Italian poet

Corrado Pavolini
Corrado Pavolini (8 January 1898 – 10 April 1980) was an Italian writer identified with the futurist movement. He was the brother of the Fascist politician Alessandro Pavolini. Corrado served as the literary editor of the Rome-based Fascist daily newspaper Il Tevere.
Mathieu Darnaud
Mathieu Darnaud (French pronunciation: [matjø daʁno]; born 11 July 1975) is a French politician who has presided over the Senate Republicans since 1 October 2024. A member of The Republicans (LR), he has been a Senator for Ardèche since 2014. He served as First Vice President under Senate President Gérard Larcher in 2023 and 2024.

Darnaud previously served as Mayor of Guilherand-Granges, Ardèche (2008–2017) and a member of the Regional Council of Rhône-Alpes (2010–2014). In 2014 and 2015, he presided over the communauté de communes Rhône Crussol, seated in 	Guilherand-Granges.

Senate Republicans (France)
The Senate Republicans (formally The Republicans group; French: Groupe Les Républicains, also Les Républicains du Sénat), formerly the Union for a Popular Movement group (Groupe Union pour un mouvement populaire), is a parliamentary group in the French Senate including representatives of The Republicans (LR), formerly the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). It is currently the largest group in the Senate. Its president has been Bruno Retailleau since 2014.
Don't Let Me Down (Lotta Engberg and Christer Sjögren song)
"Don't Let Me Down" is a song written by Lars Diedricson and Lasse Holm, and performed by Lotta Engberg and Christer Sjögren at Melodifestivalen 2012, where it was performed during the 4th semifinal in Malmö. Reaching Andra chansen, it was knocked out by Thorsten Flinck's Jag reser mig igen.

On 18 March 2012 the song was tested for Svensktoppen. entering the chart the upcoming week.

The song charted at Svensktoppen for three weeks. before being knocked out.

The song lyrics is based on media gossip about a relationship between the performers in an early 1990s dansband Sweden.

Thorsten Flinck
Thorsten Flinck  (born 17 April 1961 in Solna, Sweden), is a Swedish actor, director, and musician. He is known best for playing psychopaths and villains, and also for his outrageous personality both on stage and in real life. Between 1986 and 2002, Flinck was employed by the Royal Dramatic Theatre.
Ravndal
Ravndal is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christian M. Ravndal (1899–1984), American Career Foreign Service Officer

Finn Ravndal (born 1942), Norwegian physicist

Torkel Ravndal (1936–2004), Norwegian weightlifter and powerlifter

Christian M. Ravndal
Christian Magelssen Ravndal (January 6, 1899 – October 18, 1984) was an American Career Foreign Service Officer FSO who served as the 2nd Director General of the Foreign Service from May 1, 1947, until June 23, 1949, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Uruguay (1949–1951), Hungary (1951–1956), Ecuador (1956–1960), and Czechoslovakia (1960–1961), among many other postings during a prolific career spanning 40+ years.
Nautia gens
The gens Nautia was an old patrician family at ancient Rome.  The first of the gens to obtain the consulship was Spurius Nautius Rutilus in 488 BC, and from then until the Samnite Wars the Nautii regularly filled the highest offices of the Roman Republic.  After that time, the Nautii all but disappear from the record, appearing only in a handful of inscriptions, mostly from Rome and Latium.  A few Nautii occur in imperial times, including a number who appear to have been freedmen, and in the provinces.

Samnite Wars
The First, Second, and Third Samnite Wars (343–341 BC, 326–304 BC, and 298–290 BC) were fought between the Roman Republic and the Samnites, who lived on a stretch of the Apennine Mountains south of Rome and north of the Lucanian tribe.

The first of these wars was the result of Rome's intervention to rescue the Campanian city of Capua from a Samnite attack.

The second one was the result of Rome's intervention in the politics of the city of Naples and developed into a contest over the control of central and southern Italy.

Similarly the third war also involved a struggle for control of this part of Italy.

The wars extended over half a century, and also drew in the peoples to the east, north, and west of Samnium (land of the Samnites) as well as those of central Italy north of Rome (the Etruscans, Umbri, and Picentes) and the Senone Gauls, but at different times and levels of involvement.
The Culture of Contentment
The Culture of Contentment is an essay by economist John K. Galbraith, analyzing the situation of the Western industrial world, which was first published in 1992 by Houghton Mifflin Company.

Galbraith traces the growth of a stultifying contentment in the Western industrial world, represented by the G7 group of countries. He pays particular attention to the self-serving economic comfort achieved by the fortunate and politically dominant community and contrasts this to the condition of the underclass which he sees as being for the first time in these countries stalled in poverty.

The essay is published in paperback by Mariner Books, ISBN 978-0-395-66919-8.

Mariner Books
Mariner Books, originally an imprint of HMH Books, was established in 1997 as a publisher of fiction, non-fiction, and poetry in trade paperback. Mariner is also the publisher of the Harvest backlist, formerly published by Harcourt Brace/Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. HarperCollins bought HMH in May 2021 for US$349 million. As of fall 2021, Mariner Books was listed as an imprint of HarperCollins.
Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2011)
Protests began in Syria as early as 26 January 2011, and erupted on 15 March 2011 with a "Day of Rage" protest generally considered to mark the start of a nationwide uprising. The Syrian government's reaction to the protests became violent on 16 March, and deadly on 18 March, when four unarmed protesters were killed in Daraa.

For the background of those protests, see: Background of the Syrian protests (2011).

Qamishli
Qamishli (Kurdish: قامیشلۆ, romanized: Qamişlo; Arabic: القامشلي, romanized: al-Qamishli; Syriac: ܩܡܫܠܝ) is a city in northeastern Syria on the Syria–Turkey border, adjoining the city of Nusaybin in Turkey. The Jaghjagh River flows through the city. With a 2004 census population of 184,231, it is the ninth most-populous city in Syria and the second-largest in Al-Hasakah Governorate after Al-Hasakah. Qamishli has traditionally been a Christian Assyrian majority city, but is now predominantly populated by Kurds with large numbers of Arabs and Assyrians and a smaller number of Armenians. It is 680 kilometres (420 mi) northeast of Damascus.

The city is the administrative capital of the Qamishli District in Al-Hasakah Governorate, and the administrative center of Qamishli Subdistrict, consisting of 92 localities with a combined population of 232,095 in 2004. Qamishli was the de facto capital of the DAANES, until it was moved to Ayn Issa.
K. Ramakrishna
K. Ramakrishna (born 16 January 1957) is an Indian politician and leader of Communist Party of India (CPI). He was elected as a member of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Anantapur in 1994. He was elected as secretary of CPI Andhra Pradesh State Council in May 2014.

Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Telugu: ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ శాసన సభ, ISO: Āndhra Pradēś Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state, Andhra Pradesh.

The Legislative Assembly consists of 175 members who are elected by adult universal suffrage under the first-past-the-post system. The duration of the Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting unless it is decided to dissolve the Assembly sooner. The Legislative Assembly's main functions include legislation, overseeing of administration, passing the budget, and airing public grievances.

The Legislative Assembly holds three sessions annually, one for Budget and the other for Monsoon and Winter sessions.

The Legislative Assembly took up residence in the interim Legislative Assembly Building in Amaravati beginning from the 2017 Budget session. The new building has systems for automatic speech translation and automatic vote recording.
Gerben
Gerben is a masculine name of Germanic origin. Notable people with the name are as follows:

Gerben Broeren (born 1972), Dutch cyclist

Gerben-Jan Gerbrandy (born 1967), Dutch politician

Gerben Hellinga Jr (born 1938), Dutch writer

Gerben Jorritsma (born 1993), Dutch speed skater

Gerben Karstens (1942–2022), Dutch cyclist

Gerben de Knegt (born 1975), Dutch cyclist

Gerben Kuypers (born 2000), Belgian cyclist

Gerben Last (born 1985), Dutch para table tennis player

Gerben Löwik (born 1977), Dutch cyclist

Gerben Moerman (born 1976), Dutch sociologist

Gerben Mulder (born 1972), Dutch artist

Gerben Silvis (born 1976), Dutch water polo player

Gerben Thijssen (born 1998), Belgian cyclist

Gerben Wagenaar (1912–1993), Dutch politician

Gerben Wiersma (born 1977), Dutch artistic gymnastics coach

Gerben Wynia (born 1958), Dutch writer

Gerben Zylstra (born 1959), American biochemist

Gerben Wiersma
Gerben Wiersma (born 26 April 1977 in Surhuisterveen) is a Dutch artistic gymnastics coach. He was the coach of the KNGU women's national artistic gymnastics team. Claims of physical and emotional abuse against players dating from the years before 2011 were leveled against multiple KNGU coaches in July 2021, including Wiersma. After first being acquitted, he was found guilty of charges in October 2021 without being penalized. He already had decided to resign from his position as coach, however. In 2022 he was appointed national coach of the women selection by the German artistic gymnastics federation.
Christina Garsten
Christina Garsten, (born 28 January 1962 in Mora, Sweden) is a Swedish social anthropologist, focusing on organizational anthropology. She is a permanent fellow at the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, and is President of the European network of institutes for advanced study, NetIAS.

Social anthropology
Social anthropology is the study of patterns of behaviour in human societies and cultures. It is the dominant constituent of anthropology throughout the United Kingdom and much of Europe, where it is distinguished from cultural anthropology. In the United States, social anthropology is commonly subsumed within cultural anthropology or sociocultural anthropology.
1980 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1980 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 94th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament. The championship began on 11 May 1980 and ended on 21 September 1980.

Kerry entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 21 September 1980, Kerry won the championship following a 1–9 to 1–6 defeat of Roscommon in the All-Ireland final. This was their 26th All-Ireland title and their third in succession.

Offaly's Matt Connor was the championship's top scorer with 5–31. Kerry's Jack O'Shea was named as the Texaco Footballer of the Year.

Jack O'Shea
Jack O'Shea (born 19 November 1957) is an Irish former sportsman. He played Gaelic football at various times with his local clubs St Mary's in Kerry and Leixlip in Kildare. He was a member of the Kerry senior football team from 1976 until 1992. O'Shea is regarded as one of the all-time greatest players.

His son Aidan made his debut for the Kerry senior team in their successful 2009 National Football League campaign.
Posh (2006 TV series)
Posh is a 2006 Philippine television drama series broadcast by QTV. Directed by Joselito Altarejos, it stars Iwa Moto, Gian Carlos and Vaness del Moral. It premiered on June 24, 2006. The series concluded on December 23, 2006 with a total of 27 episodes.

Q (Philippine TV network)
Q (formerly QTV and stylized as Qtv, standing for Quality Television) was a television network in the Philippines run by GMA Network Inc. through Citynet Network Marketing and Productions, Inc. The network primarily aired lifestyle and entertainment programs particularly aimed towards women. Its flagship station was DZOE-TV, which GMA ran as part of a lease with its owner, ZOE Broadcasting Network (who also aired programming on Q's schedule as part of the agreement, which also granted it access to technical resources from GMA).

On February 20, 2011, Q was discontinued in preparation for the launch of a new secondary network, GMA News TV, which later rebranded to GTV on February 22, 2021.
Vuori
Vuori is an American contemporary clothing brand headquartered in San Diego County, California, with its flagship store located in Encinitas, California. It was founded by Joe Kudla in 2015 as a retailer of athletic and athleisure clothing, and has expanded to sell lifestyle apparel and other merchandise. An $825 million funding round led by General Atlantic and Stripes valued the company at over $5 billion. SoftBank and Norwest Venture Partners participated in the funding round. Founder and CEO Joe Kudla retains majority ownership of Vuori.

Vuori has 40 stores in major US markets such as Los Angeles, Chicago, Denver,  New York, San Francisco, and Boston. Its products are sold at Nordstrom, REI, Equinox, and other retailers. Its UK flagship store is located at 83 to 85 Regent Street, and encompasses 4,000 sq ft.

Vuori is certified as a Climate Neutral brand, meaning it measures and offsets all its carbon emissions from product creation to delivery.

REI
Recreational Equipment, Inc., doing business as REI, is an American retail and outdoor recreation services corporation. It was formerly governed, and continues to brand itself, as a consumers' co-operative. REI sells camping gear, hiking, climbing, cycling, water, running, fitness, snow, travel equipment, and men, women and kids clothing. Unlike other outdoor sports stores, it does not sell hunting or fishing equipment.

REI operates 181 retail stores in 41 states. It also receives orders via mail-order catalogs and the internet.
Giddings Road Covered Bridge
Giddings Road Bridge is a covered bridge spanning Mill Creek in Jefferson Township, Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The bridge, one of currently 16 drivable bridges in the county, is a single span Pratt truss design, built with funding from an ODOT Timber Grant. The bridge’s WGCB number is 35-04-62, and it is located approximately 2.7 mi (4.3 km) northeast of Jefferson.

Jefferson, Ohio
Jefferson is a village in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 3,226 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Cleveland Metropolitan Area, 50 miles (80 km) northeast of Cleveland.

Modern-day Jefferson sports the world's only perambulator museum and a historical complex including several restored 19th-century buildings. Joshua Giddings' law office has also been restored as a museum. Annual village events include the Ashtabula County Fair, the Strawberry Festival, Jefferson Days, and the Covered Bridge Festival.