hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Craugastor tarahumaraensis
Craugastor tarahumaraensis is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Mexico and known from the Sierra Madre Occidental between the eastern Sonora and western Chihuahua in the north and Jalisco in the south. Its common name is Tarahumara barking frog. The type locality is Mojárachic, in the Tarahumara Mountains, Chihuahua.

Craugastoridae
Craugastoridae, commonly known as fleshbelly frogs, is a family of New World direct-developing frogs. As delineated here, following the Amphibian Species of the World, it contains 129 species. They are found from the southern United States southwards to Central and South America.
Thomas Jollie Smith
Thomas Jollie Smith (27 March 1858 – 8 September 1927) was a Presbyterian Minister and academic, who was significant in developing language studies and women's education in Australia in the early 20th century.

Education in Australia
Education in Australia encompasses the sectors of early childhood education (preschool and pre-primary) and primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (high schools and senior high schools), and finally tertiary education, which includes higher education (universities and other higher education providers) and vocational education (registered training organisations). Regulation and funding of education is primarily the responsibility of the States and territories; however, the Australian Government also contributes to funding.

Education in Australia is compulsory between the ages of four, five, or six and fifteen, sixteen or seventeen, depending on the state or territory and the date of birth.
Newlands Beck
Newlands Beck is a minor river of Cumbria in England.

The beck rises on Dale Head and flows northwards through the picturesque Newlands Valley, past the settlement of Little Town and between Braithwaite and Portinscale before flowing into Bassenthwaite Lake north east of Thornthwaite.

Portinscale
Portinscale is a village in Cumbria, England, close to the western shore of Derwentwater in the Lake District National Park 1+1⁄2 miles (2.5 kilometres) from Keswick.

For administrative purposes, Portinscale lies within the civil parish of Above Derwent, the unitary authority of Cumberland, and the ceremonial county of Cumbria. It is within the Penrith and Solway constituency of the United Kingdom Parliament. The village covers approximately 100 acres (40 hectares). At the 2011 census the population was 560.

The name of the village means "the harlot's hut", deriving from the Old English "portcwene" (harlot) and Old Norse "skáli" (hut). The scholar Eilert Ekwall cites an undated early spelling of the name as "Portquenscale".
Barnisławice
Barnisławice [barniswaˈvit͡sɛ] (German: Balbitzow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Golczewo, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Golczewo, 25 km (16 mi) south-east of Kamień Pomorski, and 52 km (32 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Kamień Pomorski
Kamień Pomorski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkamjɛɲ pɔˈmɔrskʲi]; Kashubian: Kamiéń; German: Cammin or Kammin) is a spa town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship of north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It is the seat of an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County which lies approximately 63 km (39 mi) to the north of the regional capital Szczecin. It is the second seat of the Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień and the deanery of Kamień.

In 2015 the town had a population of 8,921 inhabitants.
Fanny Cradock
Phyllis Nan Sortain Pechey (26 February 1909 – 27 December 1994), better known as Fanny Cradock, was an English restaurant critic, television cook and writer. She frequently appeared on television, at cookery demonstrations and in print with her fourth husband, Major Johnnie Cradock, who played the part of a slightly bumbling hen-pecked husband.

Gas Council
The Gas Council was a UK government body that provided strategic oversight of the gas industry in England, Wales and Scotland between 1949 and 1972.

The British gas industry was nationalised under the provisions of the Gas Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 67) which established the Gas Council with effect from 1 May 1949. The council acted as channel of communication between the Minister of Fuel and Power and the industry; it carried out research; undertook labour negotiations on matters such as wages; and acted as the voice of the gas industry.

The Gas Council was abolished on 31 December 1972 under the terms of the Gas Act 1972 (c. 60). This restructuring of the gas industry, to manage the advent of North Sea gas, established the British Gas Corporation to centralise control and operation of the industry.
Cape (dog)
A cape, jacket, or vest is an article worn by a working dog to identify or assist them in their job.

Many assistance dogs wear capes if nothing else than identification is needed. They often bear the logo of the organization that trained them, the names of companies that sponsored their training, and usually a patch requesting that the dog is not petted or distracted. Although they are not assistance dogs in the legal sense, some therapy dogs wear similar capes to identify them as such.

A police or detection dog might wear a jacket to identify them and/or protect their torso.

Another piece of equipment similar to a cape is the harnesses that guide dogs and some mobility assistance dogs wear for leading, bracing, or pulling. Also, assistance dogs that carry items for their handlers wear backpacks, though sometimes these are also referred to as jackets.

Therapy dog
A therapy dog is a dog that is trained to provide affection, comfort and support to people, often in settings such as hospitals, retirement homes, nursing homes, schools, libraries, hospices, or disaster areas. In contrast to assistance dogs, which are trained to assist specific patients with their day-to-day physical needs, therapy dogs are trained to interact with all kinds of people, not just their handlers.
Trost Rocks
Trost Rocks (69°45′S 68°58′E﻿ / ﻿69.750°S 68.967°E﻿ / -69.750; 68.967) is a two rock outcrops at the northeast end of Single Island on the west side of the Amery Ice Shelf. The rocks were photographed from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1956 and their position fixed by a field party in December 1962. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for P.A. Trost, electronics engineer at Mawson Station in 1962, a member of the field party which visited the rocks.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Trost Rocks". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Single Island
Single Island is a high ice-covered island on the west side of the Amery Ice Shelf, about 26 kilometres (14 nmi) south of Landon Promontory. It was first plotted by ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) from air photos taken in 1956, but incorrectly shown as a promontory; later, it was mapped by ANARE as an island. It was named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for M. Single, senior diesel mechanic at Mawson Station in 1962, a member of the ANARE field party which visited the area in December 1962.
European Structural and Investment Funds
The European Structural and Investment Funds (ESI Funds, ESIFs) are financial tools governed by a common rulebook, set up to implement the regional policy of the European Union, as well as the structural policy pillars of the Common Agricultural Policy and the Common Fisheries Policy. They aim to reduce regional disparities in income, wealth and opportunities. Europe's poorer regions receive most of the support, but all European regions are eligible for funding under the policy's various funds and programmes. The current framework is set for a period of seven years, from 2021 to 2027.

Interreg
Interreg is a series of programmes to stimulate cooperation between regions in and out of the European Union (EU), funded by the European Regional Development Fund. The first Interreg started in 1989. Interreg IV covered the period 2007–2013. Interreg V (2014–2020) covers all 27 EU member states, the EFTA countries (Norway, Switzerland, Iceland, Liechtenstein), six accession countries and 18 neighbouring countries. It has a budget of EUR 10.1 billion, which represents 2.8% of the total of the European Cohesion Policy budget. Since the non EU countries don't pay EU membership fee, they contribute directly to Interreg, not through ERDF.

Interreg VI covers the 2021-2027 period, and was allocated almost EUR 10 billion. This evolution of Interreg includes a reinforced cooperation with partner countries with Interreg IPA, Interreg NEXT and the integration of a dedicated strand for cooperation between the EU outermost regions and their neighbouring regions outside the European Union.
In-soo (Korean name)
In-soo, also spelled In-su, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Seon of Balhae (born Dae Insu, fl. 818–830), 10th king of Balhae

Queen Insu (1437–1504), wife of Crown Prince Uigyeong of Joseon

Insoo Kim Berg (1934–2007), Korean-born American psychotherapist

Moon In-soo (1945–2021), South Korean poet

Chun In-soo (born 1965), South Korean archer

Insoo Hyun, American bioethics professor

Lee In-su (born 1973), South Korean rower

Kang In-soo (born 1988), South Korean singer, member of boy band Myname

Yu In-soo (born 1994), South Korean football player

Yoo In-soo (born 1998), South Korean actor

Queen Insu
Queen Sohye (16 October 1437 – 21 May 1504), of the Cheongju Han clan, was the only wife of Crown Prince Uigyeong. She never was the consort of a reigning king. Nevertheless, she was honored as Queen Insu (인수왕후) and later as Queen Dowager Insu (인수왕대비) during the reign of her son Yi Hyeol, King Seongjong. Moreover, she was later honored as Grand Queen Dowager Insu (인수대왕대비) during the reign of her grandson Yi Yung, Prince Yeonsan. After her death, she was posthumously honored with the title Queen Sohye (소혜왕후).

She is mostly known for her proficiency in Chinese Classics, Confucianism and Buddhism as well, and for her involvement in the political affairs of her time, from the accession of Grand Prince Suyang to the throne to the reign of Yeonsangun. She authored the Naehun in 1475.
Pelicans at the Zoo
Pelicans at the Zoo is an 1898 British short black-and-white silent actuality film, produced by British Mutoscope & Biograph Company, featuring pelicans being released for feeding into their enclosure at London Zoological Gardens. The film was part of a series, with Elephants at the Zoo, which were one of the earliest examples of animal life on film.

Actuality film
Actuality film is a non-fiction film genre that uses footage of real events, places, and things (essentially B-roll), a predecessor to documentary film. Unlike documentaries, actuality films are not structured into a larger narrative or coherent whole. During the era of early cinema, actualities—usually lasting no more than a minute or two and usually assembled together into a program by an exhibitor—were just as popular and prominent as their fictional counterparts. The line between "fact" and "fiction" was not as prominent in early cinema as it would become once documentaries became the predominant non-fiction filmmaking form. Actuality as a film genre is related to still photography.

Although actuality films largely ceased production around 1908, the term "actuality footage" is sometimes used in documentary production to refer to the raw footage.
Anne Cathrine Collett
Anne Cathrine Collett (19 February 1768 – 27 January 1846), was a Norwegian-Danish landowner and one of the wealthiest women of Denmark in her time.

Collett was born into the wealthy Collett family of timber merchants in Christiania (now Oslo). Her parents were Peter Collett (1740–86) of Buskerud and Maren Kirstine Holmboe (1745–68). She married Peter Nicolaj Arbo who subsequently entered the family's company Collett & Søn.

The couple moved to Copenhagen where they lived in the Peschier House at Holmens Kanal 12. He acquired the country house Aldershvile north of Copenhagen and the manors of Lundbygård and Oremandsgaard at Præstø. After his death in 1827, she ran the estate with the assistance of count Knuth.

Collet died on 27 January 1846. Having no children, she left her estate to her nephews Bernt Anker Collet and Peter Collet (1820-1860).

Peschier House
The Peschier House (Danish: Peschiers Gård) is a listed property at Holmens Kanal in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. The building is currently part of Danske Bank's headquarters but it has been sold to Standard Life and the bank has announced its plans to move to new premises close to Copenhagen Central Station.
PNE
PNE can be used to abbreviate the subatomic particles, Proton, Neutron and Electron, when referring to them en masse.

PNE as an acronym could refer to:

Pacific National Exhibition, an exhibition in Vancouver, British Columbia

Preston North End F.C., an English football club based in Preston, Lancashire

Peaceful nuclear explosion, a nuclear explosive set off for peaceful reasons, such as Operation Plowshare

Penge East railway station, London, National Rail station code PNE

The Indian Railways code for Prantik railway station, West Bengal, India

Pudendal nerve entrapment

PNe, planetary nebula

Parokya ni Edgar, a Filipino rock band

The IATA airport code of Northeast Philadelphia Airport

North-East Project, Italian political party based in Veneto

Pacific National Exhibition
The Pacific National Exhibition (PNE) is a nonprofit organization that operates an annual 15-day summer fair, 12-day winter fair, a seasonal amusement park, and indoor arenas in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The PNE fair is held at Hastings Park, beginning on the third Saturday of August and ending in early September, usually Labour Day, and in mid-December until Christmas.

The organization was established in 1907 as the Vancouver Exhibition Association, and organized its first fair at Hastings Park in 1910. The organization was renamed to the Pacific National Exhibition in 1946. During the mid-20th century, a number of facilities were built on the PNE grounds, including Pacific Coliseum and PNE Agrodome. In 1993, the amusement park adjacent to the PNE, Playland, became a division of the PNE.
Kuch Kar Dikha
Kuch Kar Dikha (Urdu: کچھ کر دکھا; English: do something) is a 2014   travel reality show presented by Nokia Pakistan, based on a 38-day journey of 9 people  across Pakistan. The show  was announced on 18 February along with the launch of Lumia 1520 and 1320. First aired 28 February 2014 on ARY Digital with weekly episodes airing on Fridays.

The contestants were divided into three teams and visited Khewra Mine, Khanpur Dam, Nathia Gali, Balakot,  and Muzaffarabad.

The theme song "Kuch Kar Dikha" is sung by Shankar Mahadevan, lyrics and production by Farrukh Malhar and music by Farrukh Abid and Shoaib Farrukh.

Shankar Mahadevan
Shankar Mahadevan (born 2 March 1967) is an Indian singer and composer who is part of the Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy trio that makes music for Indian films. In 2023, he was awarded an honorary doctorate (honoris causa degree) by Birmingham City University.
Boston College Lynch School of Education and Human Development
The Boston College Lynch School of Education and Human Development (abbreviated as Lynch School) is the school of education at Boston College.

Founded in 1952, the Lynch school offers graduate and undergraduate programs in education, psychology, and human development.

School of education
In the United States and Canada, a school of education (or college of education; ed school) is a division within a university that is devoted to scholarship in the field of education, which is an interdisciplinary branch of the social sciences encompassing sociology, psychology, linguistics, economics, political science, public policy, history, and others, all applied to the topic of elementary, secondary, and post-secondary education. The U.S. has 1,206 schools, colleges and departments of education and they exist in 78 per cent of all universities and colleges.  According to the National Center for Education Statistics, 176,572 individuals were conferred master's degrees in education by degree-granting institutions in the United States in 2006–2007. The number of master's degrees conferred has grown immensely since the 1990s and accounts for one of the discipline areas that awards the highest number of master's degrees in the United States.
Landspout
A landspout is a type of tornado not associated with a mesocyclone. The term was coined by atmospheric scientist Howard B. Bluestein in 1985. The Glossary of Meteorology defines a landspout as:

[A] colloquial expression describing tornadoes occurring with a parent cloud in its growth stage and with its vorticity originating in the boundary layer.The parent cloud does not contain a preexisting mid-level mesocyclone. The landspout was so named because it looks like "a weak Florida Keys waterspout over land."

Landspouts are typically weaker than mesocyclone-associated tornadoes spawned within supercell thunderstorms, in which the strongest tornadoes form.

Howard Bluestein
Howard Bruce Bluestein is a research meteorologist known for his mesoscale meteorology, severe weather, and radar research. He is a major participant in the VORTEX projects. A native of the Boston area, Dr. Bluestein received his Ph.D. in 1976 from MIT. He served as a professor of meteorology at the University of Oklahoma (OU) from 1976 to 2025, retiring at the start of January 2026.
Janusz II of Płock
Janusz II of Płock (pl: Janusz II płocki; ca. 1455 – 16 February 1495), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast in the Masovian branch. He was a duke of Warsaw, Nur, Łomża, Liw, Ciechanów, Wyszogród and Zakroczym during 1454–1471 jointly with his brothers (under regency until 1462), Duke of Płock, Płońsk, Zawkrze and Wizna during 1462–1471, and after the division of the paternal domains in 1471, sole ruler over Ciechanów and Łomża, since 1475 also ruler over Płock, Płońsk, Zawkrze and Wizna, since 1484 ruler over Błonie, Tarczyn and Kamieniec, since 1489 ruler over Wyszogród.

Zakroczym
Zakroczym ([zaˈkrɔt͡ʂɨm]; Yiddish: זאקראטשין Zakrotshin) is a town in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland. The Vistula River flows through the town. Zakroczym has a long and rich history: in the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, it was the capital of an administrative unit (ziemia), part of Mazovian Voivodeship. Also, Zakroczym was a royal town of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland.
2020 Tanzanian general election
General elections were held in Tanzania on 28 October 2020 to elect the President and members of National Assembly. The presidential election was won by incumbent John Magufuli of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi party. Magufuli died the following year.

President of Tanzania
The President of the United Republic of Tanzania (Swahili: Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania) is the head of state and head of government of Tanzania.

Samia Suluhu Hassan, sworn in on 19 March 2021, is the first female president of the United Republic of Tanzania. She succeeded John Magufuli following his death on 17 March 2021.
Cross of the Home Army
The Cross of the Home Army (Polish: Krzyż Armii Krajowej) is a Polish military decoration that was introduced by General Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski on 1 August 1966 to commemorate the efforts of the soldiers of the Polish Secret State between 1939 and 1945. The decoration was awarded to soldiers of the Home Army (Armia Krajowa) and of its predecessor organizations (Służba Zwycięstwu Polski, Związek Walki Zbrojnej).

The first recipient (posthumous) was General Stefan Grot–Rowecki.

The award was supported by the Polish government in exile in London and was not recognized by the People's Republic of Poland, which viewed members of the mostly anti-communist Armia Krajowa as enemies of the state.  After the fall of communism, in 1992 it was recognized by the government of Poland and was awarded by the president of Poland until 8 May 1999.

Service for Poland's Victory
Service for Poland's Victory (Polish: Służba Zwycięstwu Polski; SZP), also translated as the Polish Victory Service, was the first Polish resistance movement in World War II. It was created by the order of general Juliusz Rómmel on 27 September 1939, when the siege of Warsaw, capital of Poland, where Rómmel commanded Polish defence, was nearing its end (Warsaw would capitulate on 28 September).

The commander of SZP was General Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski. This secret organisation was tasked with the continuing of armed struggle to liberate Poland in the pre-war borders of the Second Polish Republic, recreation and reorganization of the Polish army and establishment of the secret government (Polish Underground State).

In November 1939 SZP was renamed Union of Armed Struggle (ZWZ).
Kevin Cash
Kevin Forrest Cash (born December 6, 1977) is an American professional baseball manager and former player who is the manager of the Tampa Bay Rays of Major League Baseball (MLB). Previously, Cash played catcher in MLB for the Toronto Blue Jays, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, Boston Red Sox, New York Yankees, and Houston Astros. As a player, Cash was listed at 6 feet 0 inches (1.83 m) and 200 pounds (91 kg); he batted and threw right-handed. He was the bullpen coach for the Cleveland Indians before being hired as the Rays' manager in December 2014. Cash was the American League Manager of the Year in 2020 and 2021, the first AL manager to win the award consecutively. He  entered the 2024 season as the longest-tenured manager in MLB.

All-Star Futures Game
The All-Star Futures Game is an annual baseball exhibition game hosted by Major League Baseball (MLB) in conjunction with the mid-summer MLB All-Star Game. A team of American League-affiliated prospects competes against a team of National League-affiliated prospects. From the inaugural 1999 event through 2018, teams of prospects from the United States faced off against teams of prospects from other countries.
John Henry Pinkard
John Henry Pinkard (1865 – January 8, 1934) was a businessman, banker, and herb doctor in Roanoke, Virginia. He was also known as a spiritualist and clairvoyant. Other people considered him a practitioner of quackery and a charlatan.

Franklin County, Virginia
Franklin County is a county located in the Blue Ridge foothills of the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 54,477. Its county seat is Rocky Mount. Franklin County is part of the Roanoke metropolitan area and is located in the Roanoke Region of Virginia. The Roanoke River forms its northeast boundary with Bedford County.
Robert L. Hirsch
Robert L. Hirsch is an American physicist who has been involved in energy issues from the late 1960s. Through the 1970s he directed the U.S. fusion energy program at a variety of government positions as responsibility for the project moved from the Atomic Energy Commission to the Energy Research and Development Administration and finally to the Department of Energy. After that time he was a senior energy program adviser for Science Applications International Corporation and is a Senior Energy Advisor at MISI and a consultant in energy, technology, and management.

His primary experience is in research, development, and commercial applications. He has managed technology programs in oil and natural gas exploration and petroleum refining, synthetic fuels, fusion, fission, renewables, defense technologies, chemical analysis, and basic research, for example the Farnsworth-Hirsch fusor.

Synthetic fuel
Synthetic fuel or synfuel is a liquid fuel, or sometimes gaseous fuel, obtained from syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, in which the syngas was derived from gasification of solid feedstocks such as coal or biomass or by reforming of natural gas.

Common ways for refining synthetic fuels include the Fischer–Tropsch conversion, methanol to gasoline conversion, or direct coal liquefaction.