hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Winfried Debertin
Winfried Debertin (born 24 January 1953 in Glandorf, Osnabrück, West Germany) is a freelance producer and director known for his contributions to Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR), and as the founder of a production company, Penta TV. He has worked as a director and producer since 1988. He received the 2006 ECHO Klassik Award in the Classical Music for Children category.

Echo Klassik
The Echo Klassik, often stylized as ECHO Klassik, was Germany's major classical music award in 22 categories. The award, presented by the Deutsche Phono-Akademie, was held annually, usually in October or September, separate from its parent award, the Echo Music Prize. The Echo Klassik was disestablished in 2018, and replaced by the Opus Klassik.
Mandelate 4-monooxygenase
In enzymology, a mandelate 4-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(S)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2  (S)-4-hydroxymandelate + dihydrobiopterin + H2O

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are (S)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate, tetrahydrobiopterin, and O2, whereas its 3 products are (S)-4-hydroxymandelate, dihydrobiopterin, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one ato of oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is (S)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (4-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include L-mandelate 4-hydroxylase, and mandelic acid 4-hydroxylase.  It employs one cofactor, iron.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Scopula opicata
Scopula opicata is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1798. It is found in tropical Africa, including Malawi and Zambia, as well as in Sri Lanka, India, China (Hainan), Myanmar, Sundaland, the Philippines, Sulawesi, Timor and New Guinea.

Sundaland
Sundaland (also called Sundaica or the Sundaic region) is a biogeographical region of Southeast Asia corresponding to a larger landmass that was exposed throughout the last 2.6 million years during periods when sea levels were lower. It includes Bali, Borneo, Java, and Sumatra in Indonesia, and their surrounding small islands, as well as the Malay Peninsula on Mainland Southeast Asia.
Alexander Gilman
Alexander Gilman is a German violinist, academic teacher and artistic director of the LGT Young Soloists. He has been performing internationally as a soloist and chamber musician and regularly conducting masterclasses.

Lists of violinists
The following lists of violinists are available on Wikipedia:

List of classical violinists

List of contemporary classical violinists

List of jazz violinists

List of popular music violinists

List of Indian violinists

List of Persian violinists

List of electric violinists

List of fiddlers

List of female violinists
2023 Summit League men's soccer tournament
The 2023 Summit League men's soccer tournament was the postseason men's soccer tournament for the Summit League held on November 9 and 11, 2023. The three-match tournament took place at Case Soccer Complex in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The four-team single-elimination tournament consisted of two rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The Denver Pioneers were the defending champions.  Denver was unable to defended their title, falling to Kansas City in a penalty shoot-out in the First Round. Omaha would go on to defeat Kansas City in the Final 2–0 to become tournament champions. The tournament win was Omaha's second as a member of the conference, and the title was the first for head coach Donovan Dowling. As tournament champions, Omaha earned the Summit League's automatic berth into the 2023 NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament.

Kansas City Roos men's soccer
The Kansas City Roos men's soccer team represents the University of Missouri–Kansas City in Kansas City, Missouri. Kansas City men's soccer competes in the Summit League. The Roos are coached by Ryan Pore. Kansas City plays its home games at Durwood Soccer Stadium. The Roos have appeared four times in the NCAA tournament, most recently in 2024.
Andria (Machiavelli)
Andria is the first play written by Niccolò Machiavelli, published in the period 1517–1520. It is a translation of a play written by the Latin comedy writer Terence, who had originally taken it from the Greek dramatist Menander. It is one of the examples of Machiavelli as a comedy writer, along with The Mandrake and the Clizia.

Menander
Menander (/məˈnændər/; Ancient Greek: Μένανδρος, romanized: Ménandros; c. 342/341 – c. 290 BC) was a Greek playwright and the best-known representative of Athenian New Comedy. He wrote 108 comedies and took the prize at the Lenaia festival eight times. His record at the City Dionysia is unknown.

He was one of the most popular writers and most highly admired poets in antiquity, but his work was considered lost before the early Middle Ages. It now survives only in Latin-language adaptations by Terence and Plautus and, in the original Greek, in highly fragmentary form, most of which were discovered on papyrus in Egyptian tombs during the early to mid-20th century. In the 1950s, to the great excitement of Classicists, it was announced that a single play by Menander, Dyskolos, had finally been rediscovered in the Bodmer Papyri intact enough to be performed.
Lyric Famous Challengers
Lyric Famous Challengers was a radio series broadcast on the NBC Red Network in 1929.

The program combined music and drama, depicting conflicts and challenges in the music world. For instance, one program dramatized the confrontation of Richard Wagner with a music critic, incorporating Wagnerian excerpts along with music popular in Wagner's time. Another presented incidents in the life of Beethoven.

The series aired on Saturday evening at 8pm ET, usually preceded by Phil Spitalny's Orchestra and followed by Laundryland Lyrics and The General Electric Concert.

Phil Spitalny
Phil Spitalny (November 7, 1890 – October 11, 1970) was a Russian-born American musician, music critic, composer, and bandleader heard often on radio during the 1930s and 1940s. He rose to fame after he led an all-female orchestra, a novelty at the time.
Kennford
Kennford is a village situated in the Teignbridge district of Devon, England. Kennford is four miles (6 km) to the south of Exeter in the civil parish of Kenn; it is situated in one of the country's main tourist areas.  At the 2021 census, the village had a population of 537.

The village became prominent in the 1970s as the location of a new service station on the A38 Devon Expressway between Exeter and Plymouth, near the southern terminus of the then new M5 motorway. This service area is a popular stopping place for tourists on their way to South Devon and Cornwall.

Close to the village is a caravan and camping park.

The entertainer Danny La Rue was brought up in Kennford from the age of 6.

M5 motorway
The M5 is a motorway in England. It runs south-west from the M6 at junction 8 (West Bromwich), north-west of Birmingham to Exeter in Devon. The M5 runs through Sandwell Valley and its early sections form part of the Birmingham Motorway Box, after which it passes Worcester, Cheltenham, and Gloucester. It intersects with the M4 motorway at Almondsbury Interchange north of Bristol, then serves Taunton, and Tiverton, before terminating at junction 31 to the south of Exeter. At a total length of 163 miles (262 km), the M5 is the fourth-longest motorway in the UK.
Princess Noriko (1177–1210)
Princess Noriko (範子内親王; 4 December 1177 – 13 May 1210) was an Empress of Japan during the early Kamakura period.  She was appointed honorary mother (junbo) of her nephew Emperor Tsuchimikado and served as empress from 1198 through 1206 during the early part of his reign.

She was the daughter of Emperor Takakura and Court Lady Kogō-no-Tsubone (小督局; b. 1157), Fujiwara no Shigenori's daughter. She was later known as Empress Dowager Bōmon-in (坊門院).

Emperor Tsuchimikado
Emperor Tsuchimikado (土御門天皇, Tsuchimikado-tennō; 3 January 1196 – 6 November 1231) was the 83rd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Tsuchimikado's reign spanned the years from 1198 through 1210.
St Matthew's Church, Haslington
St Matthew's Church is in the village of Haslington, Cheshire, England.  The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Macclesfield and the deanery of Nantwich.  Its benefice is combined with that of St Michael and All Angels, Crewe Green.

Haslington
Haslington is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It lies about 2 miles (3.2 km) north-east of the much larger railway town of Crewe and approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Sandbach. The village was originally bisected by the A534 road that links Crewe with Sandbach, however, this road has now been re-routed to bypass the village to the north-west. The village is also a close neighbour to a number of small towns and villages (including Alsager, Wheelock, Winterley), and is approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) from the Elizabethan market town of Nantwich.  The village lies approximately 11 miles (18 km) north-west of the Staffordshire Potteries .
Stalin and Voroshilov in the Kremlin
Stalin and Voroshilov in the Kremlin (Russian: И. В. Сталин и К. Е. Ворошилов в Кремле) is a 1938 painting by Soviet painter Aleksandr Gerasimov. It depicts Soviet leaders Joseph Stalin and Kliment Voroshilov walking near the Moscow Kremlin. Since 1941 it is in the exposition of the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow.

In the Stalinist era its replicas were very widespread, its copies being made for government institutions. Jan Plamper, a German professor studying Russian history, calls it an important sample of socialist realism and cult of personality in art.

Cult of personality
A cult of personality, or a cult of the leader, is the result of an effort to create an idealized and heroic image of an admirable leader, often through unquestioning flattery and praise.

Historically, it has been developed through techniques such as the manipulation of the mass media, the dissemination of propaganda, the staging of spectacles, the manipulation of the arts, the instilling of patriotism, and government-organized demonstrations and rallies. A cult of personality is similar to apotheosis (deification), except that it is established through the use of modern social engineering techniques, and it is usually established by the state or the party in one-party states and dominant-party states. Cults of personality often accompany the leaders of totalitarian or authoritarian governments. They can also be found in some monarchies, theocracies, failed democracies, and liberal democracies.
Santa Barbara Open
The Santa Barbara Open was a golf tournament on the LPGA Tour from 1987 to 1988. It was played at  two courses in the Santa Barbara, California area: Sandpiper Golf Club in Goleta and La Purisima Golf Course in Lompoc. In 1987, the field was split for the first two rounds, half playing on each course, then switching to the other course on the second day. the final round was played at Sandpiper. In 1988, the first round was played at Sandpiper, and the second and third rounds were played at La Purisima.

Goleta, California
Goleta (/ɡəˈliːtə/ gə-LEE-tə; Spanish: [ɡoˈleta]; Spanish for "schooner") is a city in southern Santa Barbara County, California, United States. It was incorporated as a city in 2002, after a long period as the largest unincorporated populated area in the county. As of the 2000 census, the census-designated place (CDP) had a total population of 55,204. A significant portion of the census territory of 2000 was not included in the city. The population of Goleta was 32,690 at the 2020 census. It is known for being close to the campus of the University of California, Santa Barbara.
2000 Open de España Villa de Madrid
The 2000 Open de España Villa de Madrid (also known as the WTA Madrid Open or Trofeo Volkswagen for sponsorship reasons) was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Club de Campo Villa de Madrid in Madrid, Spain from 22–27 May 2000. It was the fifth edition of the event on the WTA Tour. It was classified as a Tier III event on the 2000 WTA Tour. Eighth-seeded Gala León García won the singles title.

Paola Suárez
Paola Suárez (Latin American Spanish: [paˈola ˈswaɾes]; born 23 June 1976) is a retired tennis player from Argentina. She was one of the most prominent women's doubles players throughout the early and mid-2000s, winning eight Grand Slam titles, all of them with Virginia Ruano Pascual, and holding the No. 1 doubles ranking for 87 non-consecutive weeks. She was also a singles top ten player and semifinalist at the 2004 French Open.
Harrison Bungwon
Engr. Dr. Harrison Yusuf Bungwon (Tyap: Harrison Isuu Bunggwon) FNSE (25 November 1949 – 6 April 2016) was a paramount ruler of Atyap Chiefdom a Nigerian traditional state in southern Kaduna State, Nigeria. He was also known by the title Agwatyap II.

Tyap
Tyap is a regionally important dialect cluster of Plateau languages in Nigeria's Middle Belt, named after its prestige dialect. It is also known by its Hausa exonym as Katab or Kataf. It is also known by the names of its dialectical varieties including Sholyio, Fantswam, Gworok, Takad, "Mabatado" (Tyap 'proper'), Tyeca̱rak and Tyuku (Tuku). In spite of being listed separately from the Tyap cluster, Jju's separation, according to Blench R.M. (2018), seems to be increasingly ethnic rather than a linguistic reality.
Australia national baseball team at the Summer Olympics
The Australia national baseball team was the third nation, after the United States and Sweden, to participate in baseball at the Summer Olympics, making their first appearance at the 1956 Games in Melbourne, and again as part of its demonstration at the 1988 Games in Seoul.

Since baseball was first included as a medal sport at the 1992 Games in Barcelona, Australia has participated in three of the five tournaments. The best result achieved was in the 2004 Games in Athens, where Australia lost the gold medal match to Cuba to receive silver. Their medal tally puts them at 5th, equal to Chinese Taipei.

Australia is the only country to have hosted an Olympic baseball tournament as a medal sport, won an Olympic medal, and done so in separate years: hosted in 2000, won silver in 2004. Australia is also one of only two countries—the other being the United States—to have hosted baseball events as both a non-medal and medal sport.

Baseball at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Baseball at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held on two separate diamonds within the Helliniko Olympic Complex, from 15 to 25 August. For the second time in Olympic competition, professional baseball players were eligible to participate, though no active players from Major League Baseball were available.

The competition consisted of a preliminary round with each team playing all the other teams once, for a total of seven games. The top four teams at the end of this round advanced to the medals round. The medals round consisted of two semifinal games with the winners advancing to the gold medal game. The losing teams of the semifinals would play in the bronze medal game.
Messaoud El Mediouni
Messaoud El Medioni (25 November 1886 in Oran  - 23 March 1943), also known as Saoud l'Oranais, was an Algerian band leader and proprietor of the original Café Oran. He was the uncle of Algerian pianist Maurice El Mediouni.

Around 1938, the mother of a 13-year-old blind girl from Tiaret, Sultana Daoud, sent her to study with "Saoud l'Oranais" - this girl was later to become famous as Reinette L'Oranaise, the most prominent of all Jewish Algerian singers.

Medioni was arrested by the Germans in Marseille in January 1943 and sent to Sobibor extermination camp, where he was murdered in the gas chambers on 23 March 1943.

Tiaret
Tiaret (Arabic: تيارت) or Tahert (Arabic: تاهرت) is a major city in northwestern Algeria that gives its name to the wider farming region of Tiaret Province. Both the town and region lie south-west of the capital of Algiers in the western region of the Hautes Plaines, in the Tell Atlas, and about 150 km (93 mi) from the Mediterranean coast. It is served by Abdelhafid Boussouf Bou Chekif Airport.
Farmen VIP
Farmen VIP is a celebrity version of the Swedish TV-series The Farm which is broadcast on TV4. This season will be broadcast from 19 March 2018. Paolo Roberto is the host as with earlier seasons of the regular series.

The Farm (franchise)
The Farm is a reality competition television franchise format created by the Swedish producer Strix. With over 100 licenses sold around the world and aired in more than 50 countries, The Farm is one of their most popular formats, including The Bar and Fame Factory. It has been constantly on air somewhere in the world since 2001. The format is distributed by Fremantle.
Lance Moore
Lance Andrew Moore (born August 31, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for 10 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Toledo Rockets. He was signed by the Cleveland Browns as an undrafted free agent in 2005. Moore joined the New Orleans Saints in 2006 and played with them for eight seasons, and was a member of the 2009 Super Bowl championship team that beat the Indianapolis Colts. He also played for the Pittsburgh Steelers and Detroit Lions.

Toledo Rockets football
The Toledo Rockets football team is a college football program in Division I FBS, representing the University of Toledo. The Rockets compete in the Mid-American Conference. Toledo began playing football in 1917, although it did not field teams in 1931, 1943, 1944, and 1945. Since the inception of the AP Poll in 1936, Toledo has finished in the Top 25 four times with its highest finish coming in 1970 when it ranked No. 12 after finishing 12–0. Toledo has a 12–11 record in bowl games.
Llawnt
Llawnt is a village in Shropshire, England. The name comes from Middle Welsh, borrowing from the English 'lawn'. The meaning in this case is 'green' (named after a piece of green land in the centre of the village).

The village is located about a mile from the border between Shropshire and Powys, near Rhydycroesau, and approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) west of Oswestry. Its location and its Welsh name shows that this was at one time part of Powys. This changed with the 16th-century Acts of Union, when the Lordship of Oswestry was given to Shropshire.

The River Morda flows past the village.

Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542
The Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 (Welsh: Y Deddfau Cyfreithiau yng Nghymru 1535 a 1542), or the Acts of Union (Welsh: Y Deddfau Uno), were acts of the Parliament of England under King Henry VIII of England causing Wales to be incorporated into the realm of the Kingdom of England.

The legal system of England and the norms of English administration, including the use of the English language only, were applied to a mainly Welsh-speaking Wales. This created a single state and legal jurisdiction, which is now called England and Wales.

In 1284, with the Statute of Rhuddlan, England had annexed Wales, which was excluded from parliamentary representation in Westminster. Wales was divided between the Principality of Wales and many feudal territories called the marcher Lordships, which were effectively unified under the laws. The English system of county government was also extended across all of Wales.
L'Estany
L'Estany (Catalan pronunciation: [ləsˈtaɲ]) is a municipality in the province of Barcelona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain.
The municipality covers an area of 10.25 square kilometres (3.96 sq mi) and as of 2011 had a population of 393 people.and the population in 2014 was 407. Since May 2015 it has been part of the new comarca of Moianès; previously it was in Bages.

Moianès
Moianès (Catalan pronunciation: [muјəˈnɛs]) is a comarca in the central region of Catalonia, Spain. Its capital is the town of Moià.

It became a comarca in May 2015, following approval in a local referendum and by the Parliament of Catalonia. Its 10 municipalities were in the comarques of Bages, Osona, and Vallès Oriental. It had previously been recommended in 2000 in the "Report on the revision of Catalonia's territorial organisation model", known as the "Roca Report", commissioned by the Catalan government. Before it was given legal status, Moianès was considered a "natural comarca"—a distinct geographic region—comprising the eponymous Moianès Plateau.
Operational amplifier applications
Operational amplifiers have several applications, optimised for use with negative feedback.

When positive feedback is required, a comparator is usually more appropriate; see Comparator applications for further information.

Comparator
In electronics, a comparator is a device that compares two voltages or currents and outputs a digital signal indicating which is larger. It has two analog input terminals  and  and one binary digital output . The output is ideally

A comparator consists of a specialized high-gain differential amplifier. They are commonly used in devices that measure and digitize analog signals, such as analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), as well as relaxation oscillators.
Cherbourg Harbour
49°39′33″N 1°36′42″W﻿ / ﻿49.659072°N 1.611729°W﻿ / 49.659072; -1.611729

Cherbourg Harbour (French: rade de Cherbourg; literally, the "roadstead of Cherbourg") is a harbour situated at the northern end of the Cotentin Peninsula, on the English Channel coastline, in Normandy, northwestern France. With a surface area of 1,500 hectares, it is the second largest artificial harbour in the world, after the 4,500 hectare Ras Laffan Harbour in Qatar. As well as Cherbourg Naval Base, it has been used for mercantile shipping.

It was begun in 1783, with its central harbour breakwater completed in 1853 – this was 3.64 km long, an average of 100 m wide at its base and an average of 12 m wide at its top, and sited 4 km from the coast. Three forts were added to its central wall in 1860. This and the two other breakwaters stretch for more than 6 km. The eastern opening into the harbour is 950 m wide and the western one 2.3 km wide. The harbour's maximum depth is 13 m at low tide.

Ras Laffan Industrial City
Ras Laffan Industrial City (Arabic: راس لفان, romanized: Ra’s Lafān) is a Qatari industrial hub located 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Doha. It is administered by QatarEnergy.

Ras Laffan Industrial City is Qatar's main site for production of liquefied natural gas and gas-to-liquid. It hosts among others ORYX GTL and Pearl GTL plants, QatarEnergy LNG plants, and the Dolphin gas processing plant, the Laffan Refinery, and Ras Laffan A, B, and C integrated water and power plants. With an enclosed water area of approximately 4,500 hectares Ras Laffan Port is the largest artificial harbour in the world and contains the world's largest LNG export facility.