hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Chaloner
William Chaloner (1650 – 22 March 1699) was a serial counterfeit coiner and confidence trickster, who was imprisoned in Newgate Prison several times and eventually proven guilty of high treason by Sir Isaac Newton, Warden of the Royal Mint. He was hanged on the gallows at Tyburn on 22 March 1699.

Chaloner grew up in a poor family in Warwickshire, but through a career in counterfeiting and con artistry attained great wealth, including a house in Knightsbridge. He started by forging "Birmingham Groats", then moved on to Guineas, French Pistoles, crowns and half-crowns, Banknotes and lottery tickets. At various times he also made and sold dildos and worked as a quack doctor, soothsayer, and sham anti-Jacobite "agent provocateur" to collect government rewards. In Guzman Redivivus, a posthumous biography published anonymously in 1699, it was stated that "scorning the 'petty Rogueries of Tricking single Men', he aimed rather at 'imposing upon a whole Kingdom'.

Counterfeit
A counterfeit is a fake or unauthorized replica of a genuine product, such as money, documents, designer items, or other valuable goods. Counterfeiting generally involves creating an imitation of a genuine item that closely resembles the original to deceive others into believing it is authentic.

Counterfeit products are often made to take advantage of the higher value of the original product, typically using lower-quality materials or production methods. Counterfeit food, drinks, medicines, and personal care products can contain harmful or inactive ingredients, causing anything from mild issues to serious, life-threatening ones. Counterfeit footwear, clothing, and accessories have been found to contain high levels of lead, arsenic, and phthalates.
Israel Gymnastics Federation
The Israel Gymnastics Federation (איגוד ההתעמלות בישראל) is the national governing body for gymnastics in Israel.

The federation was founded in 1995, and is a not-for-profit organization. It promotes all types of gymnastics in Israel.

Its headquarters are at 2 Shitrit Street, Hadar Yosef, Tel Aviv, in Israel. The Federation's President/Chairman is Ziona Haris, its Secretary General/CEO is Sarit Shenar, and its President is Kineret Tzedef (Gancharski).

The Federation is a member of Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG), and of the European Union of Gymnastics (UEG).

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Príncipe weaver
The Príncipe weaver (Ploceus princeps) is a species of bird in the family Ploceidae. It is endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe, where it is found on the island of Príncipe. It was described by Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1851. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl lysjɛ̃ ʒyl lɔʁɑ̃ bɔnapaʁt]; 24 May 1803 – 29 July 1857) was a French naturalist and ornithologist, and a nephew of Napoleon. Lucien and his wife had twelve children, including Cardinal Lucien Bonaparte.
North-West Land Division
The North-West Land Division is one of five Land Divisions of Western Australia, part of the Cadastral divisions of Western Australia. It includes Carnarvon, Exmouth and Port Hedland. It is located in the Gascoyne region, the western Pilbara region, and part of the Mid West

Exmouth, Western Australia
Exmouth (/ˈɛksmaʊθ/ EX-mowth, Dhalandji: Ningaloo) is a town on the tip of the North West Cape and on Exmouth Gulf in Western Australia, 1,124 kilometres (698 mi) north of the state capital Perth and 2,060 kilometres (1,280 mi) southwest of Darwin.

The town was established in 1967 to support the nearby United States Naval Communication Station Harold E. Holt. It is named after Exmouth Gulf. Beginning in the late 1970s, the town began hosting United States Air Force personnel assigned to Learmonth Solar Observatory, a defence science facility jointly operated with Australia's Ionospheric Prediction Service. The town is served by Learmonth Airport.
Floriade (Netherlands)
Floriade was an international exhibition and garden festival, held every 10 years in the Netherlands. All the Floriades were World Horticultural Expositions and they were listed as A1 category exhibitions by the International Association of Horticultural Producers and hence recognised by the Bureau International des Expositions. The last event, Floriade 2022, was held in Almere.

Bureau International des Expositions
The Bureau International des Expositions (BIE; English: International Exhibitions Bureau) is an intergovernmental organization created to supervise international exhibitions (also known as expos, global expos or world expos) falling under the jurisdiction of the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions.
AIR Srinagar
All India Radio Srinagar (AIR Srinagar) is a public radio station operating in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. All India Radio Srinagar broadcasts in Kashmiri, Urdu and Hindi languages. Formerly known as Radio Kashmir Srinagar, it was renamed as AIR Srinagar following the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019. It is one of public stations in the union territory alongside AIR Jammu and AIR Leh. All India Radio Jammu broadcasts in Dogri, Urdu and Hindi languages.

Kashmiri language
Kashmiri (English: /kæʃˈmɪəri/ kash-MEER-ee), also known by its endonym Koshur (Kashmiri: کٲشُر (Perso-Arabic, Official Script), pronounced [kəːʃur]), is an Indo-Aryan language of the Dardic branch spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris of the Kashmir region, primarily in the Kashmir Valley and surrounding hills of the Indian-administrated union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, over half the population of that territory. Kashmiri has split ergativity and the unusual verb-second word order.

Since 2020, it has been made an official language of Jammu and Kashmir along with Dogri, Hindi, Urdu and English. Kashmiri is also among the 22 scheduled languages of India.

Kashmiri is spoken by roughly five percent of Pakistani-administrated Azad Kashmir's population.
Hjärtats trakt
Hjärtats trakt was released on 20 April 1993 and is a compilation album from Swedish pop artist Per Gessle. The album includes songs taken from Gessle's solo albums Per Gessle and Scener. It was also released under license by the British record company Pickwick and it is the only Gessle album released by another label than EMI. In 1998 the album was re-released by the Dutch record company Disky Communications B.V. which is a subsidiary of EMI.

Pickwick Records
Pickwick Records was an American record label and British record distributor known for its budget album releases of sound-alike recordings, bargain bin reissues, and repackagings under the brands Design, Bravo (later changing its name to International Award), Hurrah, and Grand Prix, and children's records on the Cricket and Happy Time labels.

The label is also known for distributing music by smaller labels such as Sonny Lester's Groove Merchant, Gene Redd's De-Lite Records, Chart Records, and the Swedish label Sonet Records (for which it distributed late-1960s recordings by Bill Haley & His Comets in Canada and the US). They also issued records from Britain's Hallmark Records label.
Brad Byers
Brad Byers (born October 8, 1959) is an American entertainer known for his extreme performances, including sword swallowing, lying on beds of nails and inserting various tools into his nasal cavity. For the latter he is also referred to as a "Human toolbox". He holds several World Records. His brother Rod assists him in some performances.

Bed of nails
A bed of nails is an oblong piece of wood, the size of a bed, with nails pointing upwards out of it. While it appears at first glance that anyone lying on such a "bed" would be injured by the nails, if the nails are numerous enough, the weight is distributed among them so that the pressure exerted by each nail is not enough to puncture the person's skin.
Sunnegga Paradise ski area
The Sunnegga Paradise is a ski area that forms part of the Zermatt ski resort, in Valais, Switzerland.

The area relating to skiing is found on the Rothorn mountain, above the town of Zermatt. The trails extend to the valley floor between the Rothorn and Gornergrat mountains, and includes the ski runs directly down to the Oberhausern area of the town of Zermatt, terminating at the passenger lift that takes skier directly down inside the funicular train station in the area.

The Sunnegga area catches a large amount of sun due to its unique topography, often despite the rest of Zermatt being submerged in cloud.

Funicular
A funicular (/fjuːˈnɪkjʊlər, f(j)ʊ-, f(j)ə-/ few-NIK-yoo-lər, f(y)uu-, f(j)ə-), or funicular railway, is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the track. The result of such a configuration is that the two carriages move synchronously: as one ascends, the other descends at an equal speed. This feature distinguishes funiculars from inclined elevators, which have a single car that is hauled uphill.

The term funicular derives from the Latin word funiculus, the diminutive of funis, meaning 'rope'.
Hiding hand principle
The hiding hand principle is a theory that offers a framework to examine how ignorance (particularly concerning future obstacles when a person first decides to take on a project) intersects with rational choice to undertake a project; the intersection is seen to provoke creative success over the obstacles through the deduction that it is too late to abandon the project. The term was coined by economist Albert O. Hirschman.

Writing in The New Yorker, Malcolm Gladwell brought the concept to life, retelling the story of the construction of a railway tunnel through Hoosac Mountain in northwestern Massachusetts. Construction proved much harder than anticipated, but eventually was completed, with positive results. Gladwell was reviewing the book, "Worldly Philosopher: The Odyssey of Albert O. Hirschman," by Jeremy Adelman.

Malcolm Gladwell
Malcolm Timothy Gladwell CM (born 3 September 1963) is a Canadian journalist, author, and public speaker. He has been a staff writer for The New Yorker since 1996. He has published eight books. He is also the host of the podcast Revisionist History and co-founder of the podcast company Pushkin Industries.

Gladwell's writings often deal with the unexpected implications of research in the social sciences, such as sociology and psychology, and make frequent and extended use of academic work. Gladwell was appointed to the Order of Canada in 2011.
Bad Man (song)
"Bad Man" is a single by musician R. Kelly, included on the soundtrack for the 2000 film Shaft. It was the first and only single from the Shaft soundtrack and charted at number 30 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart. A video for the song was directed by Hype Williams.

Shaft (2000 film)
Shaft is a 2000 American action crime thriller film co-written, co-produced, and directed by John Singleton and starring Samuel L. Jackson in the title role with Vanessa Williams, Jeffrey Wright, Christian Bale, Dan Hedaya, Busta Rhymes, Toni Collette and Richard Roundtree. It is a sequel to the 1971 Shaft film, in which Jackson plays the nephew (retconned as his son in the 2019 film) of John Shaft. The film opened at the number-one position at the box office when it debuted June 16, 2000.  It received mixed to positive reviews on Metacritic, with the critical consensus on Rotten Tomatoes praising Jackson's charisma.
Kansas State High School Activities Association
The Kansas State High School Activities Association (KSHSAA) is the organization which oversees interscholastic competition in the U.S. state of Kansas at the high-school level. It oversees both athletic and non-athletic competition, and sponsors championships in several sports and activities.

Hays, Kansas
Hays is a city in and the county seat of Ellis County, Kansas, United States. The most populous city in northwestern Kansas, it is the economic and cultural center of the region.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 21,116.  Hays is home to Fort Hays State University.
Battle of Pacora River Bridge
The Battle of Pacora River Bridge took place as an opening action of the United States invasion of Panama and was fought between the United States Special Forces (commonly referred to as the Green Berets) with air support from the 1st Special Operations Wing of the United States Air Force and the Panama Defense Forces Battalion 2000. The major action of the battle lasted roughly 5 hours through the night of the 20th, and was a resounding U.S. victory, preventing PDF forces coming from Fort Cimarron from intervening in U.S. military actions in Panama City to the west of the bridge.

United States special operations forces
United States special operations forces (SOF) are the active and reserve component forces of the United States Army, Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force within the US military, as designated by the secretary of defense and specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. All active and reserve special operations forces are assigned to the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM).
1981–82 Honduran Liga Nacional
The 1981–82 Honduran Liga Nacional season was the 16th edition of the Honduran Liga Nacional.  The format of the tournament remained the same as the previous season.  C.D.S. Vida won the title after defeating Atlético Morazán in the finals and qualified to the 1982 CONCACAF Champions' Cup.  Additionally, Vida, Atlético Morazán, C.D. Marathón and Real C.D. España obtained berths to the 1982 Copa Fraternidad.

Real C.D. España
Real Club Deportivo España, Real España, nicknamed Los Aurinegros or simply España, is a Honduran professional football club, which plays in the Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Honduras. With 12 championships, Real España is one of the most accomplished Honduran football clubs. Their title of 'Real' (Spanish for 'Royal') was awarded by King Juan Carlos I of Spain in 1977.

They are based in San Pedro Sula, Cortés, and their home venue is the Estadio General Francisco Morazán.
2016–17 First League of the Republika Srpska
The 2016–17 First League of the Republika Srpska was the twenty-second season of the First League of the Republika Srpska, the second tier football league of Bosnia and Herzegovina, since its original establishment and the fifteenth as a second-tier league.

First League of the Republika Srpska
The First League of the Republika Srpska (Croatian: Prva liga Republike Srpske; Serbian: Прва лига Републике Српске)  is a football league in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Together with the First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, it forms the second level of football in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The league champion is promoted to the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Relegated teams fall to the Second League of the Republika Srpska.
Tammy (TV series)
Tammy is an American sitcom, starring Debbie Watson in the title role. Produced by Universal City Studios, 26 color half-hour episodes were aired on ABC from September 17, 1965, to March 11, 1966.

Tammy was loosely based on the three Tammy films; Tammy and the Bachelor (1957) starring Debbie Reynolds; Tammy Tell Me True (1961); and Tammy and the Doctor (1963) both starring Sandra Dee. The films themselves were adaptations of novels by Cid Ricketts Sumner. The series was also partially influenced by other rural-themed TV sitcoms such as The Beverly Hillbillies.

Tammy and the Doctor
Tammy and the Doctor is a 1963 American romantic comedy film directed by Harry Keller and starring Sandra Dee and Peter Fonda in his film debut, with Macdonald Carey, Beulah Bondi, Margaret Lindsay, and Reginald Owen in supporting roles. It is the third of the four Tammy films.
Nina Murashkina
Nina Murashkina (born 3 January 1985) is a Ukrainian contemporary artist whose practice includes figurative art, installation art, and mixed media. Her work has been exhibited domestically and internationally, including at Odessa Fine Art Museum at Ukraine, NordArt in Germany, Cromwell Place gallery complex in the United Kingdom, and the Museu del Disseny de Barcelona in Spain. In 2023, she received the Art FAD Award for her project Still Waters Run Deep.

Murashkina has described her approach as "magical feminism", incorporating symbolic imagery, references to Ukrainian folk traditions, and representations of the female body.

Odesa Fine Arts Museum
The Odesa National Fine Arts Museum or Odesa National Art Museum (Ukrainian: Одеський національний художній музей, romanized: Odeskyi natsionalnyi khudozhnii muzei) is one of the principal art galleries of the city of Odesa in Ukraine. Founded in 1899, it occupies the Potocki Palace (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈtɔt͡skʲi]), itself a monument of early 19th century architecture. The museum now houses more than 10 thousand pieces of art, including paintings by some of the best-known Russian and Ukrainian artists of late 19th and early 20th century. It is the only museum in Odesa that has free entrance day every last Sunday of the month.
JSC Russian Machines
JSC Russian Machines (Russian: ООО «Русские машины») is a Russian conglomerate that consists of industrial and engineering divisions. The group currently operates 27 plants throughout 12 regions in Russia and produces mechanical engineering products including motor vehicles, car parts, rail cars, aircraft, farming and construction equipment. Russian Machines was established in 2011 from a group of industrial assets owned by Oleg Deripaska's Basic Element, a Russian industrial group which wholly owns Russian Machines.

Antonov An-140
The Antonov An-140 is a turboprop regional airliner, designed by the Ukrainian Antonov ASTC bureau as a successor to the Antonov An-24, with extended cargo capacity and the ability to use unprepared airstrips.
29th Delaware General Assembly
The 29th Delaware General Assembly was a meeting of the legislative branch of the government of the American state of Delaware, consisting of the Delaware Senate and the Delaware House of Representatives. Elections were held the first Tuesday of October and terms began on the first Tuesday in January. It met in Dover, Delaware, convening January 1, 1805, two weeks before the beginning of the first year of the administration of Governor Nathaniel Mitchell.

The apportionment of seats was permanently assigned to three senators and seven representatives for each of the three counties.  Population of the county did not effect the number of delegates. Both chambers had a Federalist majority.

Nathaniel Mitchell
Nathaniel Mitchell (1753 – February 21, 1814) was an American lawyer and politician from Laurel, in Sussex County, Delaware. He was an officer in the Continental Army during the American Revolution, a Continental Congressman from Delaware, and a member of the Federalist Party, who served as Governor of Delaware.
Cesareo
Cesareo or Cesáreo is a given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Cesáreo Bernaldo de Quirós (1879–1968), Argentine painter

Cesáreo Gabaráin (1936–1991), Spanish priest and composer

Cesareo Guillermo (1847–1885), Dominican politician

Cesáreo Onzari (1903–1964), Argentine footballer

Cesáreo Quezadas (born 1950), Mexican actor

Cesáreo Victorino (born 1979), Mexican footballer

Cesáreo Victorino (1947–1999), Mexican footballer

Davide Civaschi, a.k.a. Cesàreo, Italian rock guitarist, member of Elio e le Storie Tese

Cesáreo Onzari
Cesáreo Onzari (February 1, 1903 – January 7, 1964) was an Argentine footballer who played as a left winger. He made his entire career in Huracán, playing from 1921 until his retirement in 1933.  He was the first footballer known to have scored directly on a corner kick without an assist in professional play.
Lena, Oregon
Lena is an unincorporated community in Morrow County, Oregon, United States. It is on Oregon Route 74. The community was named by C. E. Hinton, who was Lena's first postmaster, and J. S. Vinson. The post office operated from June 11, 1873, to August 31, 1942. Lena is now served by the Heppner post office.

Oregon Route 74
Oregon Route 74 is an Oregon, U.S. state highway running from Interstate 84 in Gilliam County to U.S. Route 395 in Umatilla County.  OR 74 is known as the Heppner Highway No. 52 (see Oregon highways and routes).  It is 83.05 miles (133.66 km) long and runs east–west.

Part of OR 74 is included in the Blue Mountain Scenic Byway.
Josef Dobiáš
Josef Dobiáš (24 December 1886 – 31 January 1981) was a Czech chess player.

At the beginning of his career, he took 5th at Prague 1908 (B tournament), tied for 4–5th at Plzeň 1911, tied for 5–7th at Breslau 1912 (the 18th DSB Congress, Hauptturnier B), took 6th at 1913 Mladá Boleslav 1913 (Karel Hromádka won), and took 8th at Česká Třebová 1913, and shared 1st at Brno 1916.

After World War I, he tied for 6–8th at Prague 1924/25 (the 1st Kautsky Memorial, Jan Schulz won), tied for 3rd–5th at Prague 1930, tied for 8–12th at Mnichovo Hradiště 1933.

In the period between 1939 and 1945 (the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia), he took 12th at Rakovník 1940 (Championships of Bohemia and Moravia, won by Jan Foltys), won the Kautsky Memorial in 1940, took 12th at Choceň 1942 (Miroslav Katětov won), took 6th at Prague 1943 (UJCS-17.Kongress), and took 14th at Brno 1944 (Karel Opočenský won).

DSB Congress
The Deutscher Schachbund (DSB) was founded in Leipzig on 18 July, 1877. When the next meeting took place in the Schützenhaus on 15 July 1879, sixty-two clubs had become member of the chess federation. Hofrat Rudolf von Gottschall became Chairman and Hermann Zwanziger the General Secretary. Twelve players participated in the master tournament of Leipzig 1879.
Stop on a Dime
"Stop on a Dime" is a song recorded by American country music group Little Texas.  It was released in May 1994 as the fourth and final single from their second album Big Time.  It was written by the band's lead guitarist Porter Howell, keyboardist and vocalist Brady Seals, and rhythm guitarist Dwayne O'Brien. The song reached number 14 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. It also peaked at number 13 on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart.  Before its release, it was the B-side to the band's single "What Might Have Been".

Brady Seals
Brady Seals (born March 29, 1969) is an American country music artist. He is the cousin of Jim Seals (of Seals & Crofts) and Dan Seals, Johnny Duncan, the nephew of Troy Seals. Seals made his debut in 1988 as co-lead vocalist and keyboardist in the sextet Little Texas, with whom he recorded until his departure in late 1994. Between then and 2002, he recorded as a solo singer, releasing three studio albums and charting in the Top 40 on the country charts with "Another You, Another Me". In 2002, Seals formed a quartet called Hot Apple Pie, in which he has recorded one studio album and charted three singles. A fourth solo album, Play Time, was released in 2009 via Star City.