hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
It Usually Begins with Ayn Rand
It Usually Begins With Ayn Rand is a satirical memoir by American libertarian political activist Jerome Tuccille. It was first published by Stein and Day in 1971. The title refers to novelist and philosopher Ayn Rand, whose work introduced Tuccille and other activists to libertarian ideas.

In a review of the literature about Rand, literary scholar Mimi Reisel Gladstein complimented Tuccille for his humor, especially in his satire of Rand's followers in the Objectivist movement. She also said that most of the book is not about Rand and instead focuses on other areas of right-wing politics. Roy Childs reviewed the book in Reason. Martin Morse Wooster did a retrospective on it in The American Enterprise.

Stein and Day
Stein and Day, Inc. was an American publishing company founded by Sol Stein and his wife Patricia Day in 1962. Stein was both the publisher and the editor-in-chief. The firm was based in New York City, and was in business for 27 years, until closing in 1989.
DeBrosse
Debrosse, de Brosse, de La Brosse, or de la Broce is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Pierre de la Broce (died 1278), French councilor to Phillip III

Jean de Brosse (1375–1433), Marshal of France

Jean II de Brosse (1432–1482), chamberlain to the King of France

Claudine de Brosse (1450–1513), French noble

Jacques de la Brosse (c. 1485–1562), French soldier and diplomat, cupbearer to Francis I

Jean III de Brosse (died 1502), French noble

René de Brosse (died 1525), French noble and soldier

Jean IV de Brosse (1505–1564), French noble

Salomon de Brosse (1571–1626), French architect

Guy de La Brosse (1586–1641), French botanist, doctor, and pharmacist

Joseph de la Brosse (1636–1697), known as Ange de Saint Joseph

Charles de Brosses (1709–1777), French noble and writer

Simon de La Brosse (1965–1998), French actor

Joasil Déméus Débrosse (1968–2013), Haitian journalist

Laurent Debrosse (born 1969), French footballer

Jean II de Brosse
Jean II de Brosse, also Jehan II de Brosse (1432 – 6 August 1482), was the elder son of Jean I de Brosse, Marshal of France. He would become chamberlain of the king of France in 1449. He married Nicole, Countess of Penthièvre, daughter of Charles, Seigneur d'Avaugour and Isabeau de Vivonne. Nicole later brought him, through inheritance in 1479, the County of Penthièvre in the Duchy of Brittany.

Jean is known to have rebuilt the donjon in Fouras in 1480–1490.
The Coming of Columbus
The Coming of Columbus is a 1912 American silent historical film produced by the Selig Polyscope Company and directed by Colin Campbell. The film dramatizes the life and voyages of Christopher Columbus and his discovery of the New World.

Colin Campbell (director)
James Colin Campbell (11 October 1859 – 26 August 1928) was a film director, actor and screenwriter. He directed more than 170 American films between 1911 and 1924; and wrote scripts for 60 films between 1911 and 1922. He was born in Scotland, and died in Hollywood, California.

Campbell married actress Blanche Crozier on March 2, 1912.
Buying out the Bar
"Buying out the Bar" is the first single from The Originators, a 2002 album by East Coast hip hop group The Beatnuts. It was released by Landspeed Records in 2002 as a 12 inch with "Originate" as its b-side. The song is produced by The Beatnuts and features raps by Juju and Psycho Les, as well as a chorus performed by Chris Chandler. The song's lyrics are both braggadocios and supportive of hedonistic pleasures. The song's beat is characterized by its repetitive accordion loop.

"Buying out the Bar" failed to chart or receive an accompanying music video. The song still received positive critical attention: Low Key of MVRemix.com described it as a "classic Beatnuts party anthem," while Steve "Flash" Juon of RapReviews.com claimed its beat is "fat."

The Beatnuts
The Beatnuts is an American hip hop group and production duo from New York City. Its current members are JuJu and Psycho Les. JuJu (born Jerry Tineo on December 14, 1968) is a Dominican American from Corona and Psycho Les (born Lester Fernandez on April 10, 1970) is a Colombian American from Jackson Heights, Queens. Although only peripheral members, they are routinely acknowledged by Q-Tip as being members of Native Tongues. The Beatnuts were originally a trio before Fashion (born Berntony Smalls on January 13, 1970), now known as Al' Tariq, left the group to start a solo career. V.I.C. (Groove Merchantz, Ghetto Pros) was also a member of The Beatnuts' production team for a while.
Loviride
Loviride is an experimental antiviral drug manufactured by Janssen (now part of Janssen-Cilag) that is active against HIV.  Loviride is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that entered phase III clinical trials in the late 1990s, but failed to gain marketing approval because of poor potency. It is of clinical significance only in those patients who were enrolled in clinical trials to evaluate loviride (e.g., CAESAR and AVANTI), because in those trials loviride was often given alone and with no companion drug, leading to a high probability of developing reverse transcriptase mutations such as K103N which result in cross-class resistance to the NNRTIs efavirenz and nevirapine.

Phases of clinical research
The phases of clinical research are the stages in which scientists conduct experiments with a health intervention to obtain sufficient evidence for a process considered effective as a medical treatment. For drug development, the clinical phases start with testing for drug safety in a few human subjects, then expand to many study participants (potentially tens of thousands) to determine if the treatment is effective. Clinical research is conducted on drug candidates, vaccine candidates, new medical devices, and new diagnostic assays.
Alexei Glukhov
Alexei Vladimirovich Glukhov (Russian: Алексей Владимирович Глухов; born April 5, 1984 in Voskresensk) is a Russian former professional ice hockey forward who last played under contract with HC Sibir Novosibirsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He was selected by Tampa Bay Lightning in the 9th round (286th overall) of the 2002 NHL Entry Draft.

2002 NHL entry draft
The 2002 NHL entry draft was the 40th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 22 and 23, 2002, at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario. In total, 291 players were drafted: 35 from the Ontario Hockey League (OHL); 23 from the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL); 43 from the Western Hockey League (WHL); 41 from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) hockey conferences; six from U.S. high schools and 110 from outside North America.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Duncan Keith, who played his last NHL game in the 2021–22 season.
Knot Feeder
Knot Feeder was an American math rock band from Pittsburgh, featuring ex-members of Don Caballero, Tabula Rasa, and Southpaw. The band consisted of guitarist Mike Banfield (ex-Don Caballero), drummer Rob Spagiare (ex-Tabula Rasa), guitarist Andrew Grossmann (ex-Tabula), and bassist Andy Curl (ex-Southpaw). They recorded a CD with J. Robbins in 2007, which was released on January 24, 2009, at The Smiling Moose.

Math rock
Math rock is a style of alternative and indie rock with roots in bands such as King Crimson and Rush. It is characterized by complex, atypical rhythmic structures (including irregular stopping and starting), counterpoint, odd time signatures, and extended chords. Bearing similarities to post-rock, math rock has been described as the "opposite side of the same coin". Opting for a "rockier" approach to songwriting and timbres, the style is often performed by smaller ensembles which emphasize the role of the guitar.
Vintri
Vintri is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County, Estonia, on the island of Saaremaa. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 18. Before the 2017 administrative reform in Estonia, the village belonged to Salme rural municipality.

Saare County
Saare County (Estonian: Saare maakond or Saaremaa; Latin: Oesel; Danish: Øsel; German: Ösel; Swedish: Ösel) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It consists of Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia, and several smaller islands near it, most notably Muhu, Ruhnu, Abruka, and Vilsandi. The county borders Lääne County to the east, Hiiu County to the north, and Latvia to the south. In 2022, Saare County had a population of 31,292, which was 2.4% of the population of Estonia.
St. Thomas Times-Journal
The St. Thomas Times-Journal is the city newspaper of St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada, and is owned by Postmedia.

The publication focuses on the newsworthy events in St. Thomas and surrounding municipalities, such as the sports teams of Aylmer.

Aylmer, Ontario
Aylmer is a town in Elgin County in southern Ontario, Canada, just north of Lake Erie, on Catfish Creek. It is 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Highway 401, and is almost equidistant between the United States cities of Detroit and Buffalo.

Aylmer is surrounded by Malahide Township.
Carli Coetzee
Carli Coetzee is a research associate and Africanist at the African Studies Centre of the University of Oxford focusing on African literature and African popular cultural studies. In 1988, she obtained a Master's degree in Afrikaans literature and in 1993 a PhD degree, both at the University of Cape Town. Coetzee held positions at the University of Western Cape, the University of Cape Town, SOAS University of London and Queen Mary University of London and was a Fellow at Harvard and Wits University. She is the editor of the Journal of African Cultural Studies, United Kingdom, and is the president of the African Studies Association of the United Kingdom.

African Studies Association of the United Kingdom
The African Studies Association of the United Kingdom (ASAUK) formed in 1963 "to advance African studies, particularly in the United Kingdom, by providing facilities for the interchange of information and ideas and the co-ordination of activities by and between persons and institutions concerned with the study of Africa." Antony Allott and Roland Oliver led the founding of the group. In recent times the Royal African Society administers the association.

The group organizes conferences and supports the Standing Committee on University Studies in Africa and the Standing Conference on Library Materials on Africa.
Godavari Bridge
The Godavari Bridge or Kovvur–Rajahmundry Bridge is a truss bridge spanning the Godavari River in Rajahmundry, India. It is India's fourth longest road-cum-rail bridge crossing a water body, the first one being the Bogibeel Bridge over the Brahmaputra in Assam, and second is Digha–Sonpur Bridge over the Ganga in Bihar.

The Godavari bridge is 4.1 kilometers (2.8 km Rail part & 4.1 km Road part) long consisting of 27 spans of 91.5 m and 7 spans of 45.72 m of which 6 spans of 45.72m are in 6 deg. curve at long Rajahmundry end to make up for the built up area. The bridge has a road deck over the single track rail deck, similar to the Grafton Bridge in New South Wales, Australia. This bridge, in addition to Godavari Arch Bridge, has been widely used to represent Rajahmundry in arts, media, and culture. It is one of the recognised symbols of Rajahmundry.

Single-track railway
A single-track railway is a railway where trains traveling in both directions share the same track. Single track is usually found on lesser-used rail lines, often branch lines, where the level of traffic is not high enough to justify the cost of constructing and maintaining a second track.
Southeastern Spanish ibex
The southeastern Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica), or the Spanish ibex, is an ibex that is endemic to Spain and is the only wild caprine native to Spain. It is a subspecies of the Iberian ibex.

The Spanish ibex inhabits the Sierra Nevada, Sierra de las Nieves Natural Park, Sierra de Cazorla, Sierra de Grazalema, Montes de Málaga, in Andalucia. It also occurs in the Sierra Morena. Outside Andalucia, it can be found in the Montes de Toledo and in the mountains all along the Spanish Mediterranean, with populations as far north as southern Catalonia.

This ibex has been observed to consume two native species of columbine, Aquilegia paui and Aquilegia vulgaris, despite the toxicity of members of the genus to some mammals. The efforts to conserve the Spanish ibex were evaluated as possibly endangering the conservation of A. paui, a narrow endemic.

Sierra de Grazalema Natural Park
The Sierra de Grazalema Natural Park (Spanish: Parque natural de la Sierra de Grazalema) is a natural park in the northeastern part of the province of Cádiz in southern Spain. The park encompasses, within its 51,695 hectares (127,740 acres), a complex of mountain ranges, known collectively as the Sierra de Grazalema, which, in turn, are part of the Cordillera Subbética. Other ranges within the park, comprising the Sierra de Grazalema, include the Sierra de Zafalgar, the Sierra del Pinar, and the Sierra de Endrinal. Pinar (or Torreón), 1,654 metres (5,427 ft) in elevation, is the tallest peak.

The Sierra de Grazalema, a karstic region, contains a number of large limestone caverns, including the Cueva del Gato, the Cueva de la Pileta and the Garganta Verde.
The Sierra de Grazalema is also home to many colonies of vultures, including a few pairs of Egyptian vultures, a species which is seriously threatened.  The natural park was declared a biosphere reserve in 1977.
Narrow-gauge railways in India
This is a list of former and current narrow-gauge railways in India. All railways except the heritage ones are closed or under conversion/are converted to the nationwide standard 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) gauge, under Project Unigauge.

Despite attempts to convert the entire country into broad-gauge all Metro systems and Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor are done under standard-gauge railway.

Martin's Light Railways
Martin's Light Railways (MLR) consisted of seven narrow-gauge railway lines in the states of West Bengal, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh in India. The railways were built and owned by Martin & Co., which was a British company. Later, it was being operated by Indian government and was permanently shut down in 1980's.
Diplolaena mollis
Diplolaena mollis is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to the west coast of Western Australia. It has broadly elliptic or egg-shaped, leathery leaves that are densely covered in hairs and reddish, pendulous flowers.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Mermaid (Train song)
"Mermaid" is a song by American pop rock band Train from their sixth studio album, California 37. It was released as a single on December 27, 2012. The song was written by Train's frontman Pat Monahan along with production duos Stargate and Espionage, with production by the latter duo and Butch Walker.

Espionage (production team)
Espionage is a New York–based Norwegian songwriting and music production team consisting of Espen Lind and Amund Bjørklund. It is signed to Stellar Songs and EMI Music Publishing (now part of Sony Music Publishing). Their breakthrough came in 2006 as co-writers of Beyoncé's worldwide smash "Irreplaceable", which was number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for 10 consecutive weeks and the best selling single in the US in 2007. They are probably best known as the producers and cowriters behind several of Train's major hits after 2009, including  "Drive By" and their comeback single "Hey, Soul Sister", which is among the 20 highest selling singles of all time in the US. Espionage has received numerous BMI Awards.
John James Marshall
John James Marshall (August 4, 1785 – July 1846) was a lawyer, circuit court judge, and politician. A graduate of Princeton University, he was the son of Humphrey Marshall, the leader of the Kentucky Federalist Party. He represented Franklin County in the Kentucky House of Representatives in 1815 and 1816, and in 1820 was elected to the Kentucky Senate for a four-year term. From 1829 until 1833 he was reporter of the Kentucky Court of Appeals and published seven volumes of decisions of cases of law and equity. In 1833 he served as elector in the United States Electoral College, and the same year was once more elected representative from his district to the state legislature. In 1837 he was appointed by Governor James Clark judge of the circuit embracing Louisville, and move to that city. He continued to occupy that office up to the date of his death.

Kentucky House of Representatives
The Kentucky House of Representatives is the lower house of the Kentucky General Assembly. It is composed of 100 Representatives elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. Not more than two counties can be joined to form a House district, except when necessary to preserve the principle of equal representation. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. The Kentucky House of Representatives convenes at the State Capitol in Frankfort.
Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis
The Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) is an autonomous public institute that was established in May 1997 through a Legal Notice and commenced operations in June 1999. In January 2007, the President of Kenya signed the KIPPRA Bill into law and the KIPPRA Act No. 15 of 2006 commenced on 1 February 2007.

Autonomy
In developmental psychology and moral, political,  bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be defined from a human resources perspective, where it denotes a (relatively high) level of discretion granted to an employee in their work. In such cases, autonomy is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized individuals are thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical context, respect for a patient's personal autonomy is considered one of many fundamental ethical principles in medicine.
Memnun Hadžić
Memnun Hadžić (born 20 January 1981) is a Bosnian former boxer. As an amateur he reached the quarterfinals at the 2005 Mediterranean Games in Almeria and won bronze medal at the 2008 European Amateur Boxing Championships in Liverpool, UK. In december 2009 he became professional.

Memorijal Hakija Turajlić
Memorijal Hakija Turajlić is a boxing tournament named in honor of Hakija Turajlić, a former Bosnian politician, economist and businessman who was assassinated in 1993 during the Bosnian War. The first Memorijal Hakija Turajlić was held in 1994, during the Siege of Sarajevo, and since then more than 500 boxers from 30 countries have participated in the tournament.

From 1998. until 2008. it was one of strongest  amateur boxing tournaments in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
FENIX Trophy
The Fenix Trophy is an annual football competition for semi-professional and amateur European clubs. The competition is officially recognized by UEFA.

First contested in the 2021–22 season, the word FENIX is an acronym and stands for Friendly, European, Non-professional, Innovative, and Xenial (From the ancient Greek xenos, the word examined for an attitude of resistance to strangers, with maintaining mutual respect for cultural differences).

Semi-professional sports
Semi-professional sports are sports in which athletes are not participating on a full-time basis, but still receive some payment. Semi-professionals are not amateur because they receive regular payment from their team, but generally at a considerably lower rate than a full-time professional athlete. As a result, semi-professional players frequently have (or seek) full-time employment elsewhere. A semi-pro player or team could also be one that represents a place of employment that only the employees are allowed to play on. In this case, it is considered semi-pro because their employer pays them, but for their regular job, not for playing on the company's team.

The semi-professional status is not universal throughout the world and depends on each country's labour code and each sports organization's specific regulations.
Index of meteorology articles
This is a list of meteorology topics. The terms relate to meteorology, the interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting. (see also: List of meteorological phenomena)

Ozone–oxygen cycle
The ozone–oxygen cycle is the process by which ozone is continually regenerated in Earth's stratosphere, converting ultraviolet radiation (UV) into heat. In 1930 Sydney Chapman resolved the chemistry involved. The process is commonly called the Chapman cycle by atmospheric scientists.

Most of the ozone production occurs in the tropical upper stratosphere and mesosphere. The total mass of ozone produced per day over the globe is about 400 million metric tons. The global mass of ozone is relatively constant at about 3 billion metric tons, meaning the Sun produces about 12% of the ozone layer each day.
HD 173417
HD 173417 is a single star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.68, positioned about two degrees to the southwest of the bright star Sheliak. The distance to this star is approximately 169 light years based on parallax measurements, and it is slowly drifting closer with a radial velocity of −3 km/s.

The stellar classification of this star is F1III-IV, matching an evolving star with the mixed luminosity traits of a subgiant and giant star. It is 1.7 billion years old with a low metallicity and a relatively high projected rotational velocity of 54 km/s. The star has 1.6 times the mass of the Sun and 2.2 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating over 10 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,928 K.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
The Carnegie Hall Concerts: January 1943
The Carnegie Hall Concerts: January 1943 is a live album by American pianist, composer and bandleader Duke Ellington recorded at Carnegie Hall, in New York City in 1943 and released on the Prestige label in 1977.

Billy Strayhorn
William Thomas Strayhorn (November 29, 1915 – May 31, 1967) was an American jazz composer, pianist, lyricist, and arranger who collaborated with bandleader and composer Duke Ellington for nearly three decades. His compositions include "Take the 'A' Train", "Chelsea Bridge", "A Flower Is a Lovesome Thing", and "Lush Life".