hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mylothris sjostedti
Mylothris sjostedti, Sjoestedt's dotted border, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Burundi and Tanzania. The habitat consists of forests. The name honours Bror Yngve Sjöstedt.

Bror Yngve Sjöstedt
Bror Yngve Sjöstedt (August 3, 1866, Hjo – 1948) was a Swedish naturalist.

Sjöstedt gained his degree and his doctorate in 1896 at the University of Uppsala. He worked as an assistant in Statens Entomologiska Anstalt  from 1897 to 1902, becoming  a Professor and  a Curator in the Swedish Museum of Natural History. He made several expeditions to the west and east of  Africa, including Kilimanjaro and edited Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Zoologischen Expedition nach dem Kilimandjaro, dem Meru und umgebenden Massaisteppen Deutsch-Osatafrikas 1905–1906. 2 Band, Abt. 8. Stockholm: K. Schwed. Akad.(1907–1910)
Manu River (Tripura)
The Manu is a transboundary river in Bangladesh and India. It originates below the Kahosib Chura of the Shakhantang Mountains in the Indian state of Tripura. Flowing north-east through Kumarghat and Kailasahar, the Manu passes through the Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh to the Sylhet Plain. Later the Dholai River joins the Manu and then it flows northwest and meets the Kushiara Manumukh. It is 167 km (104 m) long, making it the longest river in Tripura.  In Tripura, it flows near the town of Manu. The river has a width of 200 meters in the railway bridge area. The area of the basin is 500 square kilometres. The river flows throughout the year.

Transboundary river
A transboundary river is a river that crosses at least one political border, either a border within a state or an international boundary. Bangladesh has the highest number of these rivers, with at least 58 major rivers that enter the country from the Republic of India, including two of the world's largest rivers, the Brahmaputra and the Ganges. The Naf River is the only river that flows via Bangladesh into Myanmar.

The hydrologic and political effects of rivers that cross significant boundaries are enormous. Rivers have positive effects in that they carry a significant amount of sediment, which aids in building land in estuarine regions. However, this sediment raises the height of riverbeds, thereby causing flooding. International conventions governing water sharing have led to complex political disputes.
Conus acrotholoides
Conus acrotholoides is an extinct species of marine gastropod belonging to the family Conidae, commonly known as cone snails. First described by Ralph Tate in 1890, this species is known exclusively from fossil records.

This species was an offspring of Conus, Linnaeus.

Lists of extinct species
This page features lists of species and organisms that have become extinct. The reasons for extinction range from natural occurrences, such as shifts in the Earth's ecosystem or natural disasters, to human influences on nature by hunting and destruction of natural habitats.

A species is presumed to be extinct after surveys of its expected and historical habitat demonstrate an inability to locate an individual. Species which meet this criterion but are known to be kept in captivity are extinct in the wild. If a final specimen of a moribund species is found, it is an endling.
1996 Czech Senate election
Senate elections were held in the Czech Republic for the first time on 15 and 16 November 1996, with a second round on 22 and 23 November. the first after independence. The Civic Democratic Party emerged as the largest party, winning 32 of the 81 seats. Voter turnout was 35% in the first round and 31% in the second.

This was the only time Senate elections were held in all 81 single-member constituencies at the same time. Senators elected in 1996 were divided into three classes depending on number of their constituencies to determine which Senate seats would be up for election in 1998, 2000 and 2002. Senators in the Czech Republic are elected for six-year terms, with one-third being renewed every two years.

The elections were held using the two-round system, with an absolute majority required to be elected.

Single-member district
A single-member district or constituency is an electoral district represented by a single officeholder. It contrasts with a multi-member district, which is represented by multiple officeholders.

In some countries, such as Australia and India, members of the  lower house of parliament are elected from single-member districts, while members of the upper house are elected from multi-member districts. In some countries, such as Singapore, members of parliament are elected from both single-member and multi-member districts.
Chah Qad
Chah Qad (Persian: چاه قد) is a village in Abdan Rural District of Abdan District in Deyr County, Bushehr province, southwestern Iran. The village lies along the northern coast of the Persian Gulf, within a region characterized by its proximity to the sea and integration into the broader coastal administrative framework of the province.

Bushehr province
Bushehr Province (Persian: استان بوشهر) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the south of the country, with a long coastline on the Persian Gulf. Its capital is the city of Bushehr.

The province was made a part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into five regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014.
1994 Helena state by-election
The 1994 Helena state by-election was a by-election for the seat of Helena in the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia held on 10 September 1994. It was triggered by the resignation of Gordon Hill (the sitting Labor member) on 4 August 1994. The election was won by the Liberal Party, with their candidate, Rhonda Parker, recording 52.1 percent of the two-party-preferred vote. Parker became the first woman from the Liberal Party to win a by-election in Western Australia, and the fifth overall. Richard Court's government became the first sitting government to increase its majority at a by-election since 1943, when John Willcock's Labor government won East Perth from an independent.

John Willcock
John Collings Willcock (9 August 1879 – 7 June 1956) was an Australian politician. He was the premier of Western Australia from 1936 to 1945, holding office as state leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). He was a member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 1917 to 1947, representing the seat of Geraldton. Prior to entering politics he was a railways worker and train driver.
William Green (U.S. labor leader)
William B. Green (March 3, 1873 – November 21, 1952) was an American trade union leader. Green is best remembered as the president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) from 1924 to 1952. He was a strong supporter for labor-management co-operation and was on the frontline for wage and benefit protections and industrial unionism legislation.

As president of the AFL, he continued the development of the federation away from the foundations of "pure and simple unionism" to a more politically active "social reform unionism."

Industrial unionism
Industrial unionism is a trade union organising method through which all workers in the same industry are organized into the same union, regardless of skill or trade, thus giving workers in one industry, or in all industries, more leverage in bargaining and in strike situations. De Leon believed that militarized Industrial unions would be the vehicle of class struggle.

Industrial unionism contrasts with craft unionism, which organizes workers along lines of their specific trades.
Segeneiti
Segheneytī (Tigrinya: ሰገነይቲ; sometimes anglicized as Segheneity and known also as Saganeiti, Seganeiti, Seganeyti, Segeleyti, Segeneyti, Segeneytī, Segheneiti) is a small town in the Southern Region of Eritrea. Segeneyti was the third largest settlement in the historical province of Akele Guzai, after Mendefera and Senafe.

Segheneyti is widely known in Eritrea for its production of Prickly pear cactus, which is locally known as Beles. The fruit was first introduced to the town by a priest in the 1950s. It is widely eaten as a snack and as fruit preserve. Large-scale production of the fruit has become more common in the area as it has both economic and health benefits. Segheneyti is located at the eastern escarpment of Eritrea which is suitable for the plant as it favours warm climate and rocky environment.

Fruit preserves
Fruit preserves are preparations of fruits whose main preserving agent is sugar and sometimes acid, often stored in glass jars and used as a condiment or spread.

There are many varieties of fruit preserves globally, distinguished by the method of preparation, type of fruit used, and its place in a meal. Sweet fruit preserves such as jams, jellies, and marmalades are often eaten at breakfast with bread or as an ingredient of a pastry or dessert, whereas more savory and acidic preserves made from "vegetable fruits" such as tomato, squash or zucchini, are eaten alongside savory foods such as cheese, cold meats, and curries.
Pen-y-Clawdd Court
Pen-y-Clawdd Court is a Grade I listed country house in Llanvihangel Crucorney, Monmouthshire, Wales, situated 1 mile (1.6 km) to the southwest of the village off the A465 road. It is a Tudor manor house, which lies within the bailey of what was Pen y Clawdd Castle, and is thought to date from circa 1625.

A465 road
The A465 is a trunk road that runs from Bromyard in Herefordshire, England to Llandarcy near Swansea in south Wales. The section from Abergavenny to the Vale of Neath is commonly referred to as the Heads of the Valleys Road because it links the heads of the South Wales Valleys. The western half in Wales is officially known as the Neath to Abergavenny Trunk Road. The Heads of the Valleys Road from Abergavenny to Merthyr Tydfil was built in 1812. A 23-year long major upgrade programme converted the road into a dual carriageway in each direction and was finally completed on 31 May 2025.

Approximately following the southern boundary of the Brecon Beacons National Park, the Ordnance Survey Pathfinder guide describes it as the unofficial border between rural and industrial South Wales. The A465 provides an alternative route between England and the counties in South West Wales and to the ferries to Ireland.
Ghawari
Ghawari is a union council and oasis in Ghanche District, Baltistan, Pakistan. It lies on the Shyok River about 14 miles (23 km) east of Sermik and 45.5 miles (73.2 km) southeast of Skardu. There is a suspension bridge over the Shyok in the southeast of the town which leads to Kuroo on the other side of the river.  It is well known as a center of Islamic scholarship and learning and for its production of cherries and the associated Ghawari Cherry Festival, meant to highlight the importance of cherry farming to Baltistan.

Sermik
Sermik is a village in Skardu District in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of northeastern Pakistan.
It is approximately  45 km from Skardu. Sermik is located approximately in the center of District Kharmang, District Ghangche and District Skardu. It is among the most beautiful places in Gilgit Baltistan, with gorgeous mountains, captivating culture, and a large forest. The mighty Indus passes from here. Most farmers grow potatoes.
Barbe de Verrue
According to the pseudo-historical Poésies de Clotilde, Barbe de Verrue was a French trouvère in the 13th century. She was said to be an adopted child, and a successful singer who traveled and performed her own songs. She performed songs about Griseldis, a poem titled Gallic Orpheus about the Gauls, and another titled Aucassin and Nicolette. Her work was described as "lively" and "gay", and not necessarily romantic. She is one of the 999 famous women included in the Heritage Floor of Judy Chicago's The Dinner Party.

Trouvère
Trouvère (/truːˈvɛər/, French: [tʁuvɛʁ]), sometimes spelled trouveur (/truːˈvɜːr/, French: [tʁuvœʁ]), is the Northern French (langue d'oïl) form of the langue d'oc (Occitan) word trobador, the precursor of the modern French word troubadour. Trouvère refers to poet-composers who were roughly contemporary with and influenced by the trobadors, both composing and performing lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages, but while the trobadors composed and performed in Old Occitan, the trouvères used the northern dialects of France. One of the first known trouvères was Chrétien de Troyes (fl. 1160s–1180s) and the trouvères continued to flourish until about 1300. Some 2130 trouvère poems have survived; of these, at least two-thirds have melodies.
PURB (cryptography)
In cryptography, a padded uniform random blob or PURB is a discipline for encrypted data formats designed to minimize unintended information leakage either from its encryption format metadata or from its total length.

Overhead (computing)
In computing, overhead is the consumption of computing resources for aspects that are not directly related to achieving a desired goal. Overhead is required for more general processing and impacts achieving a more focused goal. Overhead manifests as aspects such as slower processing, less memory, less storage capacity, less network bandwidth, and longer latency. Overhead can impact software design with regard to structure, error correction, and feature inclusion.

Overhead in computing is a special case of engineering overhead and has the same essential meaning as in business: organizational overhead.
Siege of Monemvasia
Siege of Monemvasia can refer to one of the sieges of the fortress city of Monemvasia (Malvasia) in southeastern Greece:

Siege of Monemvasia (13th century), by the Principality of Achaea; the exact dating is disputed, with dates ranging from the early 1220s, to the late 1240s/early 1250s

Siege of Monemvasia (1689–1690), by the Republic of Venice during the Morean War

Siege of Monemvasia (1821), by the Greek rebels during the early stages of the Greek War of Independence

Principality of Achaea
The Principality of Achaea (/əˈkiːə/) or Principality of Morea was one of the vassal states of the Latin Empire, which replaced the Byzantine Empire after the capture of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade. It became a vassal of the Kingdom of Thessalonica, along with the Duchy of Athens, until Thessalonica was captured by Epirus in 1224. After this, Achaea became the dominant power in Greece, lasting continuously for 227 years and cumulatively for 229.
Titus Heckel
Titus Heckel is a Canadian film director and screenwriter from Vancouver, British Columbia. He is most noted for his 2020 film Chained, for which he received three Vancouver Film Critics Circle award nominations at the Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards 2020, for Best Screenplay in a Canadian Film, Best British Columbia Film and One to Watch.

His first feature film, With Child, was released in 2014. He also wrote and directed the short film The Better Man (2012), and wrote the television thriller film A Deadly Vendetta (2018).

Vancouver Film Critics Circle Award for Best British Columbia Film
The Vancouver Film Critics Circle presents an award for Best British Columbia Film as part of its annual critics awards program, honouring the best films made within the Canadian province of British Columbia within the previous year.
Konza, Kenya
Konza is a small town in Makueni County, Kenya. It is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) south-east of Nairobi, the Kenyan capital.

Konza is located in Kimutwa location of Central division of Makueni County. Konza is part of Machakos municipality and Machakos Town Constituency.

Makueni County
Makueni County is a county in the former Eastern Province of Kenya. Its capital town is Wote. It's the largest town in the county. Emali town which is an important market and stop over for the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR), is another major town in the county. It is multicultural and adds diversity to Makueni County. The county had a population of 987,653 in the 2019 census. The county lies between Latitude 1° 35' and 2° 59' South and Longitude 37° 10' and 38° 30' East. It borders Machakos County to the North, Kitui County to the East, Taita Taveta County to the South and Kajiado County to the West and covers an area of 8,008.9 km2.
Ghost Fleet (novel)
Ghost Fleet: A Novel of the Next World War is a 2015 techno-thriller by P. W. Singer and August Cole. Set in the near future, the book portrays a scenario in which a post-communist China, assisted by Russia, launches a technologically sophisticated attack against the United States in the Pacific Ocean that leads to the occupation of the Hawaiian Islands.

Techno-thriller
A techno-thriller or technothriller is a hybrid genre drawing from science fiction, thrillers, spy fiction, action, and war novels. They are defined by a thriller style of narrative structure, but supported by an exceptional amount of technical details on their subject matter (typically military technology). The inner workings of technology and the mechanics of various disciplines (espionage, martial arts, politics) are thoroughly explored, and the plot often turns on the particulars of that exploration. This genre began to be distinguished from its parent genres in the early 20th century, receiving further developments and focus in the mid 20th century.
Mel Showers
Melvin J. Showers (1946 – October 19, 2024) was an American journalist and news presenter. He is best known for his work at WKRG-TV in his hometown of Mobile, Alabama. In his early life, Showers worked in the military as an Intelligence Analyst in the Far East, Middle East, and other territories. Upon his return stateside, he started his broadcasting career at WKRG in 1969. He served in several different roles, including announcer and reporter, before becoming a lead news anchor in 1980.

Showers was among the first people of color to anchor a newscast on the Gulf Coast, breaking racial barriers. He retired from full-time work at WKRG in 2019 after fifty years. For his career in broadcasting, he was inducted into Alabama's Broadcasting Hall of Fame, and named a "Journalist of Distinction" by the National Association of Black Journalists.

Alabama Broadcasters Association
The Alabama Broadcasters Association (ABA) represents radio and television broadcasters across the U.S. state of Alabama.  It is affiliated with the National Association of Broadcasters.  Every year the organization presents the ABBY (Alabama's Best in Broadcasting Yearly) Awards.  The organization also has a hall of fame.
Blessing Agbebaku
Blessing Agbebaku is a Nigerian politician who serves as speaker of the eighth Edo State House of Assembly. He is a member of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) representing Owan West Constituency, in the Edo North Senatorial District.

He was nominated for the speakership by Natasha Osawaru of the PDP representing Egor Constituency and the motion was seconded by Addeh Isibor also of the PDP representing Esan North East I. Agbebaku was elected speaker by all 24 members of the house, unopposed.

He previously served as chief of staff to the speaker of the seventh Edo State Assembly Marcus Onobun. Agbebaku was elected to the Edo State House of Assembly in 2007 and served until 2011 when he left the house.

Owan West
Owan West is a Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. Its headquarter is in the town of Sabongida Ora.

It had an area of 732 km2 and a population of 97,388 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 313.
Beth Cohen (musician)
Beth Cohen (born 1970 on Long Island, New York) is an American rock musician. She has toured with Barry Gibb and the Bee Gees, Jon Secada, and Chayanne. She has also appeared on stage with Julio Iglesias, Kelly Clarkson, and Isaac Hayes. She has done session work for Jon Secada, Barbra Streisand, Boston, Pink, Teddy Geiger, Alejandro Sans, and Paulina Rubio. She joined the rock band Boston in 2015.

Chayanne
Elmer Figueroa Arce (born June 28, 1968), known professionally as Chayanne, is a Puerto Rican singer and actor. He has released 21 albums and sold over 15 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists.

As an actor, Chayanne participated in two Puerto Rican telenovelas broadcast by the WAPA-TV television station in the 80s. These were Sombras del Pasado with Daniel Lugo and Alba Nydia Díaz, and Tormento with Lugo and Yazmin Pereira.
Ashish Singh Patel
Ashish Singh Patel is an Indian politician currently serving as Cabinet minister, Government of Uttar Pradesh. He is the minister for Technical Education, Consumer Protection, and Weights and Measures and also member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council. He is a working president of the Apna Dal (Sonelal) party and husband of Minister of State in the Ministry of Commerce and Industry Anupriya Patel. He completed his B.tech. in Civil Engineering from Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology Jhansi.

Ministry of Trade and Industry
A ministry of trade and industry, ministry of commerce, ministry of commerce and industry or variations is a ministry that is concerned with a nation's trade, industry and commerce.

Notable examples are:
Raymond Gouin
Raymond Maxime Gouin (23 October 1888 – 28 October 1954) was a French footballer who played as a midfielder for Jeanne d'Arc de Levallois and the French national team between 1908 and 1910. He later presided over the Courville Football Association for eight years, from 1946 until he died in 1954.

Levallois-Perret
Levallois-Perret (French pronunciation: [ləvalwa pɛʁɛ] ⓘ) is a commune in the Hauts-de-Seine department and Île-de-France region of north-central France. It lies on the right bank of the Seine, some 6 km (3.7 mi) from the centre of Paris in the north-western suburbs of the French capital. It is the most densely populated town in Europe and, together with neighbouring Neuilly-sur-Seine, one of the most expensive suburbs of Paris.
Richard N. Berry
Richard Nathaniel Berry (November 4, 1915 – January 31, 2018) was an American politician from Maine. Berry, a Republican, served in the Maine Legislature from 1960 to 1976. He spent 6 years in the Maine House of Representatives (1960-1966) and 10 years in the Maine Senate, including 4 years as Senate Majority Leader (1970-1974). In 1974, he sought the Senate Presidency but was unable to gain enough votes from his colleagues. He represented Cape Elizabeth, Maine in the House and Cape Elizabeth, South Portland and part of Scarborough while in the Senate. Berry was married to Sylvia Lehr, who died in December 2010. He died on January 31, 2018, at the age of 102.

Maine House of Representatives
The Maine House of Representatives is the lower house of the Maine Legislature. The House consists of 151 voting members and three nonvoting members. The voting members represent an equal number of districts across the state and are elected via plurality voting. The nonvoting members represent three of Maine's Native American tribes, though one tribe (the Penobscot Nation) has declined to send a representative. Each voting member of the House represents around 9,000 citizens of the state. Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine House of Representatives usually have outside employment as well. Members are limited to four consecutive terms of two years each, but may run again after two years.

The House meets at the Maine State House in Augusta.